IINEIANEEE EINOEOOO AeAEIAIAI AAeIEIENO?E?IAAIEss
EO?NIAAss ?AAIOA
ii aeenoeeieeia
“Niaoeeaeueiua ?acaeaeu ia?eaoeiaa”
Oaia
Oiaa?u iio?aaeoaeueneiai ni?ina e no?aoaaey oe?i,
eo i?iecaiaeyueo
(ia i?eia?a oaeaaeceiiiie oaoieee)
Nooaeaio: Iaca?ia A. Ae., a?oiia 52
I?aiiaeaaaoaeue: Aieoaoeeia A. I.
Iineaa, 1997 a.
Niaea?aeaiea
TOC \f \* MERGEFORMAT 1. Aaaaeaiea GOTOBUTTON _Toc404676051
PAGEREF _Toc404676051 3
2. Aiaeec i?iecaiaenoaa GOTOBUTTON _Toc404676052 PAGEREF
_Toc404676052 4
3. Aiaeec ?uii/iie neooaoeee GOTOBUTTON _Toc404676053 PAGEREF
_Toc404676053 7
3.1 Oi?aiaey oaeaaeci?aie GOTOBUTTON _Toc404676054 PAGEREF
_Toc404676054 7
3.2 Ia?e oaeaaeci?ia a ?innee GOTOBUTTON _Toc404676055 PAGEREF
_Toc404676055 8
3.3 Eiieo?aioiay n?aaea GOTOBUTTON _Toc404676056 PAGEREF
_Toc404676056 9
4. Iiceoeee AI “Ianoa? OA” ia oaeaaeceiiiii ?uiea ?innee GOTOBUTTON
_Toc404676057 PAGEREF _Toc404676057 13
5. Ia?eaoeiaiaia enneaaeiaaiea GOTOBUTTON _Toc404676058 PAGEREF
_Toc404676058 15
5.1 Auai? iiiaieeaoo?u i?iaeoeoeee aeey i?iaaaeaiey enneaaeiaaiey
GOTOBUTTON _Toc404676059 PAGEREF _Toc404676059 15
5.2 Auai? ?aaeiiia aeey i?iaaaeaiey enneaaeiaaiey GOTOBUTTON
_Toc404676060 PAGEREF _Toc404676060 16
5.3 Iiaeaioiaea aii?inieeia GOTOBUTTON _Toc404676061 PAGEREF
_Toc404676061 20
6. ?acoeueoaou ia?eaoeiaiaiai enneaaeiaaiey GOTOBUTTON _Toc404676062
PAGEREF _Toc404676062 21
6.1 Iauee iioaioeeaeueiue ni?in ia oaeaaeci?u AI “Ianoa? OA”
GOTOBUTTON _Toc404676063 PAGEREF _Toc404676063 21
6.2 Oa?aeoa?enoeea iioaioeeaeueiuo iieoiaoaeae oaeaaeci?ia AI “Ianoa?
OA” GOTOBUTTON _Toc404676064 PAGEREF _Toc404676064 22
6.3 Oa?aeoa?enoeea ni?ina ia oaeaaeci?u GOTOBUTTON _Toc404676065
PAGEREF _Toc404676065 23
6.4 Yeanoe/iinoue ni?ina ia oaeaaeci?u GOTOBUTTON _Toc404676066
PAGEREF _Toc404676066 24
6.5 Ia?niaeoeaiue oaeaaeci? GOTOBUTTON _Toc404676067 PAGEREF
_Toc404676067 25
6.6 ?aeeaiiua eaiaeu GOTOBUTTON _Toc404676068 PAGEREF _Toc404676068
26
6.7 Aiaeec eiieo?aioiie n?aaeu a ia?niaeoeaiuo ?aaeiiao GOTOBUTTON
_Toc404676069 PAGEREF _Toc404676069 27
7. Auaiaeu e ia?eaoeiaiaua ?aeiiaiaeaoeee GOTOBUTTON _Toc404676070
PAGEREF _Toc404676070 28
1. AAAAeAIEA TC “1. Aaaaeaiea”\l1
Iineianeia i?aaei?eyoea, noaaoaa aiineaaenoaee AI “Ianoa? OA”, a ia/aea
70-o aiaeia ia/aei auioneaoue oaeaaeceiiiua i?eaiieee oeaaoiiai
ecia?aaeaiey. A 80-o aiaeao i?aaei?eyoea i?enooieei e auioneo
oaeaaeci?ia /aoaa?oiai e iyoiai iieieaiee. A 1997 aiaeo AI “Ianoa? OA”
i?iecaiaeeei ?aaeeieieaoeeiiioth oaoieeo aeey aii?oaeaiiuo nee no?aiu,
oaeaaeceiiiua i?eaiieee oeaaoiiai e /a?ii-aaeiai ecia?aaeaiey e ieiei 20
iaeiaiiaaiee oiaa?ia ia?iaeiiai iio?aaeaiey, eioi?ua auioneaeenue a
?aieao eiiaa?nee i?iecaiaenoaa. A 1997 aiaeo AI “Ianoa? OA” auioneaei
oeaaoiua oaeaaeci?u iyoiai iieieaiey n ?acia?ii ye?aia 37, 51, 54, 61
ni. (11 ?acee/iuo iiaeaeae), /aoaa?oiai iieieaiey (3 iiaeaee) e
/a?ii-aaeua oaeaaeci?u n aeeaaiiaeueth ye?aia 34 ni.
Oaeaaeci?u /aoaa?oiai e iyoiai iieieaiee AI “Ianoa? OA” auioneaei ia
ii?aeueii onoa?aaoae yeaiaioiie aaca, oiaaea eae aieueoeinoai
ca?oaaaeiuo oe?i i?aaenoaaeaiu ia ioa/anoaaiiii oaeaaeceiiiii ?uiea
oaeaaeci?aie oanoiai iieieaiey. Oaeaaeci?u i?iecaiaenoaa AI “Ianoa? OA”
iiaee i?eieiaoue aei 90 oaeaaeceiiiuo i?ia?aii oeaaoiiai e /a?ii-aaeiai
ecia?aaeaiey a iao?iaii e aeaoeeiao?iaii aeeaiaciia aiei a nenoaiao
PAL/SECAM, a oaeaea iiaee aini?iecaiaeeoue ecia?aaeaiey n
aeaeaiiaaieoioiiia (aeaeaiieaa?ia). Oaeaaeci?u anao iiaeaeae oeaaoiiai
ecia?aaeaiey eiaee ioeueou aeenoaioeeiiiiai oi?aaeaiey. Ana iiaeaee
oaeaaeci?ia oeaaoiiai ecia?aaeaiey eiaee ooieoeee aaoiiaoe/aneiai iienea
oaeaaeceiiiuo eaiaeia, ioia?aaeaiey ia ye?aia ia?aiao?ia iano?ieee
(On-Screen Display).
Oaeaaeci?u iyoiai iieieaiey i?iecaiaenoaa AI “Ianoa? OA” onooiaee
i?iaeoeoeee ca?oaaaeiuo oe?i ii iniiaiui ia?aiao?ai – ea/anoao
ecia?aaeaiey e iaaeaaeiinoe.
A ianoiyuaa a?aiy i?aaei?eyoea, eae e aieueoeinoai i?aaei?eyoee ia
oa??eoi?ee ?O, eniuouaaao e?ecen. Oeiainiaia ninoiyiea i?aaei?eyoey
oa?aeoa?ecoaony eae i/aiue oyaeaeia. I?aaei?eyoea iaieaoaaeaniiniaii,
oauoi/ii e a aeeaeaeoae ia?niaeoeaa ia a ninoiyiee iiaaneoue naie
aeieaiaua iaycaoaeuenoaa aac aiaoaoaeuenoaa iinoi?iiieo i?aaiecaoeee.
Aeayoaeueiinoue i?aaei?eyoey ineiaeiyaony aieueoei /eneii i?iaeai,
eioi?ua noiyo ia?aae i?aaei?eyoeai. Iniiaiuie ec ieo yaeythony:
– ionoonoaea no?aoaaee ?acaeoey i?aaei?eyoey;
– ionoonoaea i?eaioaoeee i?aaei?eyoey ia ieaoaaeaniiniaiiai iio?aaeoaey;
– ionoonoaea i?i?aaioaiiie ?aeeaiiie iieeoeee;
– ieceee o?iaaiue na?aeniiai ianeoaeeaaiey;
– ionoonoaea /aoei iino?iaiiie naoe nauoa, ia?eoie/iinoue iinoaaie
i?iaeoeoeee iioiaiio caaio (?enoiie 1);
– ieceay iaania/aiiinoue nianoaaiiuie n?aaenoaaie.
?enoiie 1. Iauaiu ioa?ocee oeaaoiuo oaeaaeci?ia ii aeiaiai?ai a 1995 a.
2. Aiaeec i?iecaiaenoaa TC “2. Aiaeec i?iecaiaenoaa”\l1
A 1993-95 aiaeao iauai i?iecaiaenoaa oaeaaeceiiiie oaoieee ia
ioa/anoaaiiuo i?aaei?eyoeyo nie?aoeeny a /aou?a ?aca. Iaeaieueoee niaae
i?iecioae a i?iecaiaenoaa ?inneeneeo oeaaoiuo oaeaaeci?ia: ca 1993-1995
aa. A 6,2 ?aca aneaaenoaea ianuuaiey ?uiea eiii?oiie oaeaaeceiiiie
oaoieeie.
A 1996 aiaeo nio?aieeanue oaiaeaioeey iaaeaiey iauaiia auionea
oaeaaeci?ia. A oa/aiea ia?auo aeaoo ianyoeaa 1996 aiaea iauee iauai
auionea oaeaaeci?ia a ?O nie?aoeeny aei 86,7 oun. oooe, /oi ninoaaeei
anaai 33,9% o?iaiy i?iecaiaenoaa niioaaonoaothuaai ia?eiaea 1995 aiaea.
Yoi iaaeaiea iauaiia auionea i?ienoiaeeei ca n/ao oeaaoiuo oaeaaeci?ia,
eioi?ua i?e i?i/eo ?aaiuo oneiaeyo eiatho aieaa aunieoth oeaio ii
n?aaiaieth n eiii?oiie oaoieeie.
I?enoonoaea eiino?aiiuo oe?i ia ioa/anoaaiiii ?uiea ii?aaeaeyaony ia
oieueei eiii?oii oaeaaeci?ia, ii e i?aaeinoaaeaieai aiciiaeiinoe
ioa/anoaaiiui i?iecaiaeeoaeyi oaeaaeceiiiie oaoieee i?eia?aoaoue
eiiieaeoothuea ecaeaeey e eeoeaicee ia i?iecaiaenoai ii ca?oaaaeiui
oaoiieiaeyi. Ieiei 20% auioneaaiuo ioa/anoaaiiuie i?iecaiaeeoaeyie
oaeaaeci?ia auioneathony ii eeoeaiceyi eiino?aiiuo oe?i n
eniieueciaaieai eiii?oiuo eiiieaeoothueo ecaeaeee (oaaeeoea 1).
Oaeaaeci?u, anaai,
oun. oo. Oaeaaeci?u, auioneaaiua ii eeoeaicee, oun. oo. Oaeaeueiue aan
oaeaaeci?ia, auioneaaiuo ii eeoeaicee, %
1994 a. 1995 a. 1994 a. 1995 a. 1994 a. 1995 a.
Oaeaaeci?u, anaai 2197 982 441 204 20,1 20,8
Oeaaoiua oaea-aeci?u 1110 347 73 40 6,6 11,6
*a?ii-aaeua oaeaaeci?u 1087 635 368 164 33,9 25,9
Oaaeeoea 1.
Enoi/iee: io/ao i i?iecaiaenoaa oiaa?ia ia?iaeiiai iio?aaeaiey ii oi?iai
iiae/eiaiey ii iaeanoyi, e?ayi, ?anioaeeeai. I.: Aineiinoao ?O,
1993-1995.
Iaaeaiea ni?ina ia ioa/anoaaiioth oaeaaeceiiioth oaoieeo i?eaiaeeo e
ia?eoie/iiio oa?aeoa?o i?iecaiaenoaa, e iioa?a eaaeeoeoee?iaaiiuo
eaae?ia, nieaeaieth ea/anoaa i?iaeoeoeee.
Ec-ca iaaeaiey ni?ina ia ioa/anoaaiiua oaeaaeci?u i?aeoe/anee ana
?inneeneea oaeaaeceiiiua caaiaeu eniuouaatho o?oaeiinoe n
oeiaine?iaaieai oaeouaai i?iecaiaenoaa e ionoonoaeai n?aaenoa aeey
?ac?aaioee e aiaae?aiey iiauo iiaeaeae.
?yae ?inneeneeo oaeaaeceiiiuo caaiaeia, ieacaaoenue a o?oaeiii
iieiaeaiee, aeoeaii eneaee iooe auoiaea ec e?ecena. Aaeaioe?oynue e
oneiaeyi ?uiea, yoe i?aaei?eyoey noaee ?aaioaoue a ii?aaeaeaiiuo
?uii/iuo ieoao. Eae neaaenoaea, i?iecioei iaaeaiea i?iecaiaenoaa
oaeaaeci?ia ia ?acee/iuo ioa/anoaaiiuo i?aaei?eyoeyo, eioi?ia eiaei
?acee/ioth aeeiaieeo (oaaeeoea 2).
I?aaei?eyoea-i?iecaiaeeoaeue Iauai i?iecaiaenoaa a 1995 a., oun. oo.
Aeiey a iauai iauaia i?iecaiaenoaa oaeaaeci?ia a 1995 a., % Niaae
iauaiia i?iecaiaenoaa ca 1993-1995 aa., ?ac Oaeaeueiue aan /a?ii-aaeuo
oaeaaeci?ia a iauai iauaia i?iecaiaenoaa oaeaaeci?ia a 1995 a., %
Iineianeee ?aaeeioaoie/aneee caaiae 275 28,0 1,5 79,6
II “Neaiae”, Ai?iiaaeneay iaeanoue 81 8,3 6,1 81,2
Caaiae “?oaei”, a. Iineaa 43 4,4 7,0 0
AI “?one/”, Ieaeaai?iaeneay iaeanoue 30 3,1 1,1 0
Caaiae “Ye?ai”, Naia?neay iaeanoue 46 4,7 3,2 100
Caaiae “E?aniia ciaiy”, ?ycaineay iaeanoue 62 6,3 2,0 95,6
AI “?ycaineee oaeaaeceiiiue caaiae” 100 10,1 2,2 100
AI “Ianoa? OA” 55 6 5,4 11,0
Oaaeeoea 2
AI “Ianoa? OA” caieiaao aoi?ia ianoi a ?innee ii i?iecaiaenoao oeaaoiuo
oaeaaeci?ia. Iniiaiuie eiieo?aioaie AI “Ianoa? OA” ia ?uiea
ioa/anoaaiiuo oaeaaeci?ia yaeythony:
– Iineianeee ?aaeeioaoie/aneee caaiae, caaiae “?oaei”, AI “?one/”,
eioi?ua auioneatho oeaaoiua oaeaaeci?u;
– AI “?ycaineee oaeaaeceiiiue caaiae”, II “Neaiae”, caaiae “Ye?ai”,
caaiae “E?aniia ciaiy”, auioneathuea /a?ii-aaeua oaeaaeci?u.
3. Aiaeec ?uii/iie neooaoeee TC “3. Aiaeec ?uii/iie neooaoeee”\l1
3.1 Oi?aiaey oaeaaeci?aie TC “3.1 Oi?aiaey oaeaaeci?aie”\l2
Nie?auaiea iio?aaeaiey oaeaaeceiiiie oaoieee i?ienoiaeeei iaiaa
aunieeie oaiiaie, /ai niaae i?iecaiaenoaa ioa/anoaaiiuo oaeaaeci?ia,
iineieueeo cia/eoaeueiay aeiey ieaoaaeaniiniaiiai ni?ina ianaeaiey
oaeiaeaoai?yeanue ca n/ao oaeaaeci?ia eiii?oiiai i?iecaiaenoaa, eioi?ua
niiaee a cia/eoaeueiie noaiaie auoanieoue n ?uiea onoa?aaooth
i?iaeoeoeeth ioa/anoaaiiuo i?iecaiaeeoaeae (?enoiie 2).
?enoiie 2.
Oaeaeueiue aan i?aaenoaaeaiiuo a 1995 a. a i?iaeaaea eiii?oiuo
oaeaaeci?ia, i?iecaaaeaiiuo a no?aiao aeaeueiaai ca?oaaaeuey
E ia/aeo 1993 a. aeoeaiia iio?aaeaiea aunieiea/anoaaiiie oaoieee
n?aaeia- e aunieiaeioiaeiuie neiyie ianaeaiey no?aiu iioei ia oaueue e
niioaaonoaaiii iauai i?iaeaae oaeaaeci?ia: a 1993-1995 aa. iauai
i?iaeaae oaeaaeci?ia i?aaei?eyoeyie oi?aiaee nieceeny n 2,36 iei. oo.
aei 1,15 iei. oo.
?aaeiiu ?O ?acee/athony aeeiaieeie iauaiia i?iaeaae oaeaaeci?ia.
Iaeaieaa cia/eoaeueii iauaiu i?iaeaae oaeaaeci?ia ca ia?eiae 1993-1995
a. oiaee a Oeaio?aeueii-*a?iicaiiii ?aaeiia (a 3,15 ?aca), a
Ainoi/ii-Neae?neii ?aaeiia (a 2,4 ?aca). Iaeaieueoay aeiey i?iaeaiiuo a
1995 a. oaeaaeci?ia i?eoiaeeeanue ia Oeaio?aeueiue ?aaeii – 18,3% iauaai
iauaia i?iaeaae e Iiaieaeneee ?aaeii – 16% (?enoiie 3).
?enoiie 3. I?iaeaaea oaeaaeci?ia ii ?aaeiiai a 1995 a.
3.2 Ia?e oaeaaeci?ia a ?innee TC “3.2 Ia?e oaeaaeci?ia a ?innee”\l2
Ninoiyiea e oaiaeaioeee ?acaeoey ?uiea oaeaaeceiiiie oaoieee a ?O a
eiia/iii n/aoa ii?aaeaeythony iio?aaiinoyie e ieaoaaeaniiniaiui ni?inii
eiia/iuo iio?aaeoaeae – ianaeaiey. Aiaeec ia?ea oaeaaeci?ia a ?inneeneeo
naiueyo iieacae, /oi:
A n?aaeiai ii ?O ia ia/aei 1996 a. o ianaeaiey ian/eouaaeinue 65 iei.
oaeaaeci?ia, aieaa iieiaeiu ec eioi?uo au?aaioaee naie ?ano?n, ec ieo
60% – oeaaoiua oaeaaeci?u.
Aieaa 65% ?inneeneeo naiae eiaee iaeei oaeaaeci?, 32% naiae – aeaa e
aieaa oaeaaeci?ia e oieueei 2% naiae ia yaeyeenue aeaaeaeueoeaie
oaeaaeci?ia.
Iaania/aiiinoue ?inneeneeo naiae oaeaaeci?aie ninoaaeyea 55-60% (a NOA –
98%).
Iniiao oaeaaeceiiiiai ia?ea o ianaeaiey ?innee ninoaaeyee iiaeaee,
auiouaiiua 6-15 eao iacaae, eioi?ua /anoe/ii eee i?aeoe/anee iieiinoueth
au?aaioaee naie oaoie/aneee ?ano?n e iiyoiio ioaeaeaeenue a caiaia.
Iaee/ea oaeaaeci?ia a naiueyo e aic?anoiay no?oeoo?a oaeaaeceiiiiai
ia?ea iaiaeii?iaeiu a ?aciuo ?aaeiiao ?O. Iaeaunoei o?iaiai ianuuaiiinoe
oaeaaeci?aie iaeaaeaee naaa?iua e aeaeueiaainoi/iua ?aaeiiu.
Ieceee o?iaaiue ianuuaiiinoe oaeaaeceiiiie oaoieeie, a oaeaea
ioiineoaeueii aieueoie n?aaeiee n?ie eo yenieoaoaoeee (oaeaeueiue aan
iiauo oaeaaeci?ia 25-35%) oa?aeoa?iu aeey thaeiuo naeueneioicyenoaaiiuo
?aaeiiia. ?anniao?eaaaiua ?aaeiiu ioee/aeenue ia oieueei ii iieacaoaeth
ianuuaiiinoe oaeaaeci?aie, ii e ii ?ani?aaeaeaieth eo ia oeaaoiua e
/a?ii-aaeua. A ?aeiiao n aieaa aunieie noaiaiueth ianuuaiiinoe ianaeaiey
oaeaeueiue ana oeaaoiuo oaeaaeci?ia aue aieaa aunieee. A cia/eoaeueiie
noaiaie oaeaeueiue aan oeaaoiuo oaeaaeci?ia i?aaeii?aaeaeye e n?aaeiee
aic?ano eniieuecoaiie ianaeaieai oaeaaeceiiiie oaoieee. A oeaeii ii ?O a
eiioea 1994 a. ia?e /a?ii-aaeuo oaeaaeci?ia aue ii/oe a 2 ?aca aieaa
noa?ui, /ai oeaaoiuo (n?aaeiee aic?ano oaeaaeci?ia 11 e 6 eao
niioaaonoaaiii).
Ana yoe aeaiiua naeaeaoaeuenoaotho, /oi iioaioeeae ?uiea oaeaaeci?ia,
iniaaiii oeaaoiuo, a ?innee aeinoaoi/ii aaeee. N o/aoii auoiaea ec
yenieoaoaoeee oaeaaeci?ia n au?aaioaiiui oaoie/aneei ?ano?nii, a oaeaea
iaiaoeaoaeny oaiaeaioeee iieoiaoue aoi?ie e aeaaea o?aoee oaeaaeci? a
aeii, iioaioeeaeueiue aaeaaiaeiue ni?in ia oaeaaeci?u a ?innee iiaeii
ioeaieoue eae 3,5-4 iei. oooe.
3.3 Eiieo?aioiay n?aaea TC “3.3 Eiieo?aioiay n?aaea”\l2
Ii ioeaieai niaoeeaeenoia, ia?e oaeaaeci?ia, i?aaenoaaeaiiuo a
i?iaeaaea, ii/oe ia 80% ninoiye ec iiaeaeae, i?iecaaaeaiiuo a ssiiiee,
THaeiie Ei?aa, no?aiao THai-Ainoi/iie Acee e Aa?iiu, aaea auaeaeyaony
i?aaenoaaeoaeuenoai iiaeaeae oe?i “Panasonic”, “Sony” e “Samsung”.
Anni?oeiaio eiii?oiie oaeaaeceiiiie oaoieee ec no?ai aeaeueiaai
ca?oaaaeuey ninoiye ia 99% ec oaeaaeci?ia oeaaoiiai ecia?aaeaiey. AOeEII
i?iaae enneaaeiaaiea i?ei?eoaoia ?acee/iuo a?oii ianaeaiey i?e auai?a
aeaea oaeaaeci?a. Iniiaiie eoia – ioa/anoaaiiua iio?aaeoaee a aieueoae
noaiaie i?eaioe?othony ia oaeaaeci?u ca?oaaaeiiai i?iecaiaenoaa, aeaaea
a?oiia iio?aaeoaeae, i?eaioe?othueony ia iaaei?iaoth oaoieeo.
A 1996 a. ?uiie oaeaaeci?ia a ?O oi?ie?iaaeny ioeoeeaeueiuie aeeea?aie
aaaeoueo ca?oaaaeiuo oe?i, naoueth i?iaeaae e aa?aioeeiiai ianeoaeeaaiey
ioa/anoaaiiuo oaeaaeci?ia, iieoioeoeeaeueiuie aeeea?aie e iinoaaueeaie
(“na?ue” eiii?o), a oii /enea “/aeiieaie” e o.ae. (oaaeeoea 3).
Eiee/anoai oaeaaeci?ia, iei. oo.
a 1994 a. a 1995 a.
I?iaeaii 6,4 4,2
ec ieo eiii?oiuo (aeaeueiaa ca?oaaaeuea) /a?ac aeeea?ia 2,1 2,3
“Na?ue” eiii?o 0,3 0,4
?inneeneea caaiaeu 2,2 1,0
ec ieo oeaaoiuo 1,1 0,3
Aeiey ioa/anoaaiiuo oaeaaeci?ia, % 35 23
Inoaeueiia (eiii?o ec no?ai NIA, nai?ea eiii?oiuo oaeaaeci?ia,
“/aeiiee”, aa?oa?) 1,8 0,5
Oaaeeoea 3. No?oeoo?a i?aaeeiaeaiey oaeaaeci?ia ia ?inneeneii ?uiea
A oneiaeyo e?aeia ianuuaiiiai ?uiea aic?inea ?ieue “na?uo” eiii?oa?ia
ca?oaaaeiie oaoieee: ieceay caeoii/iay oeaia oaeaaeceiiiie oaoieee a
ae?oaeo no?aiao aeaaea i?e iaaieueoii iai?ioa iicaieyea oniaoii
eiieo?e?iaaoue ii oeaia ia ?inneeneii ?uiea e iieo/aoue i?eaueue. A
iineaaeiea aiaeu i?eaueue io i?iaeaaee oaeaaeci?ia “na?uie” eiii?oa?aie
ia aieueoeo iioiai-?icie/iuo ?uieao yeaeo?iiiie oaoieee oiaea aei 10-15
aeiee. ia iaeei i?iaeaiiue oaeaaeci? (a 1993-1994 aa. – 50-100 aeiee.),
/oi canoaaeei i?iaeaaoeia iaeneiaeueii nieaeaoue oeaiu e ?aaioaoue n
iai?ioa. Nieaeaiea oeai naeaeaei aieaa i?eaeaeaoaeueiie iieoieo o
“na?iai” eiii?oa?a, /ai o ioeoeeaeueiiai aeeea?a, o eioi?iai iaoeaiea e
iioiaie oeaia ninoaaeyao 20-40 aeiee.
Aiaeec ?uiea iicaieee naeaeaoue ?yae aaaeiuo auaiaeia ia eciaiaiee
neooaoeee n i?iaeaaeae ia ?inneeneii ?uiea oaeaaeci?ia n ?acee/iuie
?acia?aie aeeaaiiaee ye?aia (oaaeeoea 4):
– iaaethaeaaony iinoaiaiiia nieaeaiea aeiee oaeaaeci?ia n aeeaaiiaeueth
20-21″ ec-ca oaeiaeaoai?aiey ia?ae/iiai ni?ina ia yoe oaeaaeci?u,
eioi?ua i?eia?aoaee eaoaai?ee ianaeaiey ni n?aaeiei o?iaiai aeioiaea a
iniiaiii aeey caiaiu auoaaeoaai ec no?iy ioa/anoaaiiiai oaeaaeci?a;
– ?ino oaeaeueiiai aana oaeaaeci?ia n aeeaaiiaeueth 14″ iauyniyaony
iieoieie yoeo oaeaaeci?ia a ea/anoaa aoi?iai e aeaaea o?aoueaai
oaeaaeci?a;
– i?ienoiaeeo iinoaiaiiay ia?ai?eaioaoeey ni?ina iieoiaoaeae ia
aunieioaoiieiae/iua e niaa?oaiiua iiaeaee oaeaaeci?ia n?aaeiaai e
aunieiai eeanna n aeeaaiiaeueth 25-28″. Oaeaea iinoaiaiii ?anoao ni?in
ia oe?ieiye?aiiua oaeaaeci?u n oi?iaoii ye?aia 16:9, oioy naaiaio aua ia
eiaao aieueoiai oaeaeueiiai aana ia ?uiea.
Oei iiaeaee
(?acia? eeianeiia) 1994 a. 1995 a. 1996 a.
Iaeiaaaa?eoiua 14″ (37 ni) 25 25 27
20-21″ (51-54 ni) 70 59 48
25-28″ (63-72 ni) 3 10 14
> 28″ 2 4 8
Oe?ieiye?aiiua oi?iaoa 16:9 – 2 3
Oaaeeoea 4. Aeeaaiiaeueiay no?oeoo?a ni?ina eiii?oiuo oeaaoiuo
oaeaaeci?ia a ?innee
Aiaeec no?oeoo?u ?inneeneiai ?uiea oaeaaeci?ia ii
ooieoeeiiaeueii-oeaiiaui iieacaoaeyi e aeeiaieee aai ?acaeoey a
1994-1997 aa. Iieacae oaiaeaioeeth niauaiey ni?ina a noi?iio oaeaaeci?ia
n iaaieueoie aeeaaiiaeueth ye?aia e ?anoe?aiiui na?aenii (oaaeeoea 5).
Ia?eiae ?acia? ye?aia Oa?aeoa?enoeea iiaeaee Aeiey i?iaeaae, %
Aeeaiacii oeai, aeiee. NOA
1994-1995 a. 12-14″
(32-37 ni) Ianniaua iiaeaee n ieieiaeueiuie ooieoeeiiaeueiuie
aiciiaeiinoyie 25 135-210
20-24″
(51-61 ni) Ianniaua i?inoua iiaeaee n ooieoeeiiaeueiuie ieieiaeueiuie
aiciiaeiinoyie 60 200-300
I?iaeieaeaiea
Ia?eiae ?acia? ye?aia Oa?aeoa?enoeea iiaeaee Aeiey i?iaeaae, %
Aeeaiacii oeai, aeiee. NOA
25-28″
(63-72 ni) Iiaeaee n?aaeiaai eeanna iiauoaiiie eiioi?oiinoe 9 450-750
29-36″
(82-96 ni) I?anoeaeiua iiaeaee 3 1000-4500
I?i/ea Iaeiaaaa?eoiua, aeaeaiaeaieee 3
1996-1997 a. 14″ (37 ni) Ianniaua i?inoua iiaeaee n ?anoe?aiiui
na?aenii 30 200-240
20-24″
(51-61 ni) Ianniaua i?inoua iiaeaee ieieiaeueiuie ooieoeeiiaeueiuie
aiciiaeiinoyie 35 240-280
21-25″
(54-63 ni) Iiaeaee “ethen” 21″ e i?inoua iiaeaee 25″ n ieieiaeueiuie
ooieoeeiiaeueiuie aiciiaeiinoyie 12 350-550
25-28″
(63-72 ni) Iiaeaee n?aaeiaai eeanna n iiauoaiiie eiioi?oiinoueth 8
550-850
29-36″
(82-96 ni) I?anoeaeiua iiaeaee 10 1000-4500
Oe?iei-oi?iaoiua N oi?iaoii ye?aia 16:9 5 500-4500
Oaaeeoea 5. No?oeoo?a ?inneeneiai ?uiea oaeaaeci?ia ii
ooieoeeiiaeueii-oeaiiaui iieacaoaeyi
Oeaiu ?aaeecaoeee oaeaaeci?ia ia oa??eoi?ee ?innee aaaeoueie ie?iauie
oe?iaie auee a n?aaeiai aieaa /ai ia 20% auoa oeai yoeo aea iiaeaeae a
Aa?iia.
Aiaeec ?ani?aaeaeaiey ?uiea oeaaoiuo oaeaaeci?ia a ?innee iaaeaeo
aaaeoueie ca?oaaaeiuie oe?iaie iieacae, /oi ianiio?y ia aieueoia
eiee/anoai oe?i ia ?uiea oaeaaeci?ia a ?innee, eeaea?u ii i?iaeaaeai
oeaaoiuo oaeaaeci?ia – oe?iu “Panasonic” e “Sony” a oa/aiea iineaaeieo
eao i?iaeieaeaee nio?aiyoue aaaeouea iiceoeee, eiio?iee?oy ii/oe
iieiaeio ioa/anoaaiiiai ?uiea. Neaaeoao, iaeiaei ioiaoeoue, /oi ?yae
oe?i: “Philips” e thaeii-ei?aeneea oe?iu “Samsung” e “LG Electronics”
?acei ia?aueaatho iauaiu i?iaeaae oeaaoiuo oaeaaeci?ia, /oi iicaieyao
i?iaiice?iaaoue a iaic?eiii aoaeouai nouanoaaiiia ia?a?ani?aaeaeaiea
?uiea a iieueco yoeo oe?i.
Ii aeaiiui i?aaenoaaeoaeae ca?oaaaeiuo oe?i, iaeneiaeueiue iauai
i?eauee aeinoeaaaony i?e i?iaeaaea a ?innee oeaaoiuo oaeaaeci?ia n
aieueoeie ?acia?aie aeeaaiiaee ye?aia:
– oaeaaeci?u 14-21″ i?iaeaaaeenue ii oeaiai 190-300 aeiee. I?e
naaanoieiinoe eo i?iecaiaenoaa 180-260 aeiee.;
– oaeaaeci?u 25-28″ i?iaeaaaeenue ii oeaiai 615-750 aeiee. I?e
naaanoieiinoe eo i?iecaiaenoaa 300-350 aeiee.
4. Iiceoeee AI “Ianoa? OA” ia oaeaaeceiiiii ?uiea ?innee TC “4.
Iiceoeee AI «Ianoa? OA» ia oaeaaeceiiiii ?uiea ?innee”\l1
N?aaiaiea oeai ia oaeaaeceiiioth i?iaeoeoeeth, i?iecaiaeeioth AI
“Ianoa? OA”, n oeaiaie eiieo?aioia iieacaei, /oi noieiinoue oaeaaeci?ia
aeaiiiai AI iyoiai iieieaiey a n?aaeiai auea ianeieueei auoa noieiinoe
aiaeiae/iuo oaeaaeci?ia, i?iecaiaeeiuo a no?aiao NIA e I?eaaeoeee.
I?ineaaeeaaeanue caaeneiinoue oeai io ?acia?a ye?aia oaeaaeci?a,
eieaeaea oe?iu e eioaineaiinoe i?iaiaeeiie ?aeeaiiie eaiiaiee.
Noieiinoue oaeaaeci?ia AI “Ianoa? OA” n aeeaaiiaeueth ye?aia 51 ni.
auea auoa noieiinoe aiaeiae/iuo ioa/anoaaiiuo ia?ie e i?eia?ii ?aaia
noieiinoe oaeaaeci?ia, i?iecaaaeaiiuo ca ?oaaaeii.
A ioiioaiee oaeaaeci?ia n aeeaaiiaeueth 54 ni iaaethaeaeanue
i?ioeaiiieiaeiay ea?oeia, ii nouanoaiaaea aiciiaeiinoue iiyaeaiey ia
?uiea naa?oaeaoaauo eiii?oiuo oaeaaeci?ia (“Orion”).
Oeaiu ia oaeaaeci?u AI “Ianoa? OA” n ?acia?ii aeeaaiiaee ye?aia 61 ni
auee nouanoaaiii ieaea oeai oaeaaeci?ia, eiii?oe?oaiuo ec no?ai
aeaeueiaai ca?oaaaeuey.
Aeey aeeaaiiaee ye?aia 37 ni oeaia ?aaeecaoeee oeaaoiuo oaeaaeci?ia AI
“Ianoa? OA” yaeyaony ioiineoaeueii aieaa aunieie. Ia ?inneeneii ?uiea
i?aaenoaaeaii aieueoia /enei aieaa aeaoaauo iiaeaeae eiii?oiiai
i?iecaiaenoaa (“Funai”, “Samsung”), ioa/anoaaiiuo i?iecaiaeeoaeae
(“THiinoue”) e oaeaaeceiiiuo caaiaeia no?ai NIA – “Ai?eciio”, “Aeoycue”.
I?aaenoaaeaiiua ia ?inneeneii ?uiea ?icie/iua oeaiu ?aaeecaoeee
/a?ii-aaeuo oaeaaeci?ia n aeeaaiiaeueth 34 ni niiinoaaeiu n iioiauie
oeaiaie ?aaeecaoeee oaeaaeci?ia oaeiai oeia AI “Ianoa? OA”.
Niioaaonoaaiii, yoi nieaeaao eiieo?aioiniiniaiinoue i?iaeoeoeee AI
“Ianoa? OA”.
Ec n?aaiaiey oeai i?iaeaaee oaeaaeceiiiie i?iaeoeoeee AI “Ianoa? OA” e
aai eiieo?aioia iiaeii naeaeaoue auaiae, /oi iiceoeey yoiai i?aaei?eyoey
ia ?uiea oeaaoiuo oaeaaeci?ia n ioiineoaeueii aieueoei ?acia?ii
aeeaaiiaee (54 e 61 ni) aieaa eiieo?aioiniiniaia a oeaiiaii ioiioaiee ii
n?aaiaieth n neooaoeeae ia ?uiea ia?aiiniuo oaeaaeci?ia e oaeaaeci?ia n
aeeaaiiaeueth 51 ni.
Oaeei ia?acii, aiaeec ?uiea oaeaaeci?ia a ?innee e eiieo?aioiie n?aaeu
iicaieee naeaeaoue neaaeothuea auaiaeu:
a) iaaethaeaaony ii/oe iieiia ianuuaiea ?uii/iuo ieo e oaeanoi/aiea
eiieo?aioeee ai anao eeannao e noieiinoiuo a?oiiao oaeaaeci?ia;
a) i?iniao?eaaaony oaiaeaioeey e iinoaiaiiie ia?ai?eaioaoeee
iieoiaoaeueneiai ni?ina n i?inouo iiaeaeae oaeaaeci?ia n aeeaaiiaeueth
ye?aia 20-21″ ia aieaa neiaeiua e oaoie/anee niaa?oaiiua oaeaaeci?u
n?aaeiaai e aunieiai eeanna n aeeaaiiaeueth ye?aia 25-28″, a oaeaea ?ino
oaeaeueiiai aana i?iaeaae oaeaaeci?ia n aeeaaiiaeueth ye?aia 14″;
a) a eeanna naiuo i?inouo e aeaoaauo oaeaaeci?ia iiae aeaaeaiea “na?iai”
eiii?oa aneaaenoaea aeanoi/aeoae oeaiiaie eiieo?aioeee i?ienoiaeeei
iaoeeiiiia nieaeaiea oeai, a a eeanna aieaa ea/anoaaiiuo oaeaaeci?ia
iaaethaeaeny ?ino ea/anoaa iiauo iiaeaeae oaeaaeci?ia aac ?inoa oeaiu
ioiineoaeueii noa?uo iiaeaeae;
a) eiieo?aioeey ii ea/anoaaiiui oa?aeoa?enoeeai oaeaaeci?ia ia
?inneeneii ?uiea aeinoaoi/ii aaeeea, i?e/ai eiii?oiua oaeaaeci?u eiatho
eieaeae aieaa aunieiea/anoaaiiuo oaeaaeci?ia e aunieoth
eiieo?aioiniiniaiinoue ii oeaiai ia ?inneeneii ?uiea;
ae) ia oeaiiaoth iieeoeeo ca?oaaaeiuo oe?i aeeytho ?yae aeiiieieoaeueiuo
oaeoi?ia, iniiaiuie ec eioi?uo yaeythony:
aiciiaeiinoue aeiiieieoaeueiiai nieaeaiey oeaiu ca n/ao oiaiueoaiey
naaanoieiinoe i?iecaiaenoaa oaeaaeci?ia, aucaaiiiai aunieie
oaoiieiae/iinoueth iiauo iiaeaeae oaeaaeci?ia, a oaeaea nieaeaieai
i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo ?anoiaeia ca n/ao ia?aiina iniiaiuo i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo
iiuiinoae a THai-Ainoi/ioth Aceth e Eeoae;
ia?ai?eaioaoeey ni?ina ?inneeneeo iieoiaoaeae n auoiaie yeaeo?ioaoieee
ia auoiaua yeaeo?ii?eai?u: iieoiea aeaeaioaoieee aeey aieueoeinoaa
ianaeaiey ?O oaea ia yaeyaony ia?aii/a?aaeiie caaea/ae;
iaaeaiea ?aaeueiie iieoiaoaeueiie niiniaiinoe o cia/eoaeueiie /anoe
ianaeaiey aneaaenoaea iauaai iiauoaiey noieiinoe aeecie.
a) a ioaao ia oneiaeiaiea ia?eaoeiaiaie neooaoeee a ?O aaaeouea
ca?oaaaeiua oe?iu i?aaei?eiyee neaaeothuea yooaeoeaiua ia?u:
auione iiaeeoeeaoeee oaeaaeci?ia niaoeeaeueii aeey ?innee n
eino?oeoeeyie ia ?onneii ycuea, ?oneoeoee?iaaiiuie ye?aiiuie iaith (OSD)
e iiaeoeyie oaeaoaenoa;
?acaeoea naoe na?aeniuo neoaea e ?aiiioiuo ianoa?neeo;
aaaaeaiea 1-2-aiaee/iie aa?aioee;
aeiaeaiea ana aieueoeo n?aaenoa a ?aeeaio e i?iaaaeaiea aeoeaiie
?aeeaiiie eiiiaiee.
Noaaeeecaoeey iae?iyeiiiie/aneie neooaoeee a ?innee aoaeao
niinianoaiaaoue oneeaieth eiieo?aioeee oaeaaeci?ia ia ?inneeneii ?uiea,
eioi?ue aoaeao a yoii neo/aa i?e aaconeiaiie aai i?eaeaeaoaeueiinoe
aieaa i?iaiice?oai e iaaeaaeai aeey eiino?aiiuo oe?i – i?iecaiaeeoaeae
oaeaaeceiiiie oaoieee.
5. Ia?eaoeiaiaia enneaaeiaaiea TC “5. Ia?eaoeiaiaia enneaaeiaaiea”\l1
5.1 Auai? iiiaieeaoo?u i?iaeoeoeee aeey i?iaaaeaiey enneaaeiaaiey TC
“5.1 Auai? iiiaieeaoo?u i?iaeoeoeee aeey i?iaaaeaiey enneaaeiaaiey”\l2
Ia?eaoeiaiaia enneaaeiaaiea i?iaiaeeeinue ii oaeaaeci?ai ?acee/iuo
iiaeaeae, eioi?ua n?aaee a?aaeaeaineeo aeaeia i?iaeoeoeee, auioneaaiie
AI “Ianoa? OA”, yaeythony iaeaieaa ia?niaeoeaiuie n iiceoeee
eniieueciaaiey eiathuaainy iioaioeeaea i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo iiuiinoae e
o?oaeiauo ?ano?nia oiaa?aie.
Iieaaia enneaaeiaaiea i?iaiaeeeinue a aeaa yoaia.
Ia ia?aii yoaia ia iniiaa i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ii?aaeaeyeenue
ia?niaeoeaiua ii ni?ino ia i?iaeoeoeeth AI “Ianoa? OA” ?aaeiiu,
i?iaiaeeeinue ia?eaoeiaiaia iieaaia enneaaeiaaiea eiia/iuo iio?aaeoaeae
a yoeo ?aaeiiao, ii?aaeaeyeanue ?aaeiiaeueiay no?oeoo?a iioaioeeaeueiiai
ieaoaaeaniiniaiiai ni?ina ia i?iaeoeoeeth AI “Ianoa? OA” e i?iaiaeeeny
ieii/aoaeueiue ioai? ia?niaeoeaiuo ?aaeiiia, a eioi?uo i?iaiaeeeny
aoi?ie yoai iieaaiai enneaaeiaaiey.
5.2 Auai? ?aaeiiia aeey i?iaaaeaiey enneaaeiaaiey TC “5.2 Auai?
?aaeiiia aeey i?iaaaeaiey enneaaeiaaiey”\l2
Aeey i?iaaaeaiey ia?aiai yoaia iieaaiai enneaaeiaaiey auee
eniieueciaaiu neaaeothuea e?eoa?ee ioai?a ?aaeiiia:
– aaee/eia aeaiaaeiuo aeioiaeia naiae a ?aaeiia e ?acieoeu iaaeaeo
aeaiaaeiuie aeioiaeaie naiae a ?aaeiia e eo iio?aaeoaeueneeie
?anoiaeaie, oa?aeoa?ecothuea iauee iieoiaoaeueneee iioaioeeae ni?ina
ianaeaiey ?aaeiia e o?iaaiue aai eiioeaio?aoeee;
– /eneaiiinoue ianaeaiey ?aaeiia e aeiey ai?iaeneiai e naeueneiai
ianaeaiey, a o./. i?iaeeaathuaai a iaeuo ai?iaeao e iinaeeao ai?iaeneiai
oeia, oa?aeoa?ecothuea iauee iieoiaoaeueneee iioaioeeae ni?ina ianaeaiey
?aaeiia e o?iaaiue aai eiioeaio?aoeee;
– eiee/anoai oaeaaeci?ia a naiueyo aeaiiiai ?aaeiia e aic?anoiay
no?oeoo?a ia?ea oaeaaeci?ia, oa?aeoa?ecothuea iioaioeeae ni?ina,
naycaiiiai n iaiiaeaieai oaeaaeceiiiie oaoieee a ?aaeiia;
– iauai ?aaeecaoeee oaeaaeci?ia a ?aaeiia, o?iaaiue eiioeaio?aoeee
oi?aiauo oe?i, i?iaeathueo aeaeaioaoieeo, eioi?ua einaaiii
oa?aeoa?ecotho o?iaaiue ni?ina a ?aaeiia ia oaeaaeceiiioth oaoieeo a
iiiaio enneaaeiaaiey;
– iaee/ea a ?aaeiia ioa/anoaaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee – eiieo?aioia, oaeaea
niaoeeaeece?othueony ia i?iecaiaenoaa oaeaaeceiiiie oaoieee;
– yeiiiieei-aaia?aoe/aneea iniaaiiinoe ?aaeiia, oa?aeoa?ecothuea
ioaeaeaiiinoue ?aaeiia io ianoa ?aniieiaeaiey AI “Ianoa? OA”, oaeianoai
o?ainii?oiiai niiauaiey n Iineaie.
Ec enneaaeiaaiey eneeth/aeenue ?aaeiiu, aaea eiaeinue i?aaei?eyoea,
i?iecaiaeyuaa oaeaaeci?u, eee a eioi?uo a neeo eo aaia?aoe/aneiai
?aniieiaeaiey aunie iauai i?aaeeiaeaiey aiaeiae/iuo ca?oaaaeiuo oiaa?ia
e ec-ca aeaaii?eyoiuo oneiaee o?ainii?oe?iaee ieceee o?iaaiue oeai.
I?eiyoua iieacaoaee eniieueciaaeenue aeey ii?aaeaeaiey eioaa?aeueiuo
?aeoeiaiauo ioeaiie ia?niaeoeaiinoe ?aaeiiia. ?aeoeiae ?aaeiiai ii
eaaeaeiio ec iieacaoaeae i?enaaeaaeenue a caaeneiinoe io ioeeiiaiey
iieacaoaey io n?aaeia?inneeneiai a oo eee eioth noi?iio: ?aeoeia 1
i?enaaeaaeny a neo/aa, anee ioeeiiaiea iieacaoaey niioaaonoaiaaei
iioaioeeaeueii aieaa aunieiio cia/aieth, 0 – a i?ioeaiii neo/aa.
Eioaa?aeueiue ?aeoeia ?aaeiia iieo/aeny iooai noiie?iaaiey ?aeoeiaia
aeey ?aaeiia ii eaaeaeiio ec i?eiyouo iieacaoaeae.
Ia aoi?ii yoaia iieaaiai enneaaeiaaiey iooai ii?ina eiia/iuo
iio?aaeoaeae a ia?niaeoeaiuo aeey i?iaeoeoeee i?aaei?eyoey ?aaeiiao
ooi/iyeenue ieaoaaeaniiniaiue ni?in ia i?iaeoeoeeth i?aaei?eyoey e aai
oa?aeoa?enoeee, a oaeaea inouanoaeyeinue ianeaaeiaaiea i?aaei?eyoee
iioiaie e ?icie/iie oi?aiaee e oe?i na?aeniiai ianeoaeeaaiey,
niaoeeaeece?othueony ia aeaiiie i?iaeoeoeee, n oeaeueth iino?iaiey oeaie
aeey ?aaeecaoeee i?iaeoeoeee.
Aeey ia?aiai yoaia iieaaiai ii?ina n eniieueciaaieai ?aeoeiaiauo
ioeaiie ?aaeiiia (oaaeeoea 6), o/eouaathueo anth niaieoiiinoue i?eiyouo
e?eoa?eaa ioai?a, auee aua?aiu neaaeothuea ?aaeiiu: ?anioaeeea
Oaoa?noai, Iineianeay iaeanoue, Ooeueneay, ?inoianeay, Aieaia?aaeneay,
Na?aoianeay, I?aiao?aneay iaeanoe e E?aniiaea?neee e?ae. Aeiiieieoaeueii
a nienie ?aaeiiia aeey i?iaaaeaiey ia?aiai yoaia iieaaiai enneaaeiaaiey
auea aeeth/aia a. Iineaa. Aa auai? eae iauaeoa aeey i?iaaaeaiey
ia?eaoeiaiaiai ii?ina naycai n oai, /oi:
– aeaiiue ai?iae yaeyaony ianoii ?aniieiaeaiey AI “Ianoa? OA” e,
neaaeiaaoaeueii, AI eiaao i/aaeaeiua i?aeiouanoaa i?e ?aaeecaoeee
caeanue naiae i?iaeoeoeee;
– Iineaa yaeyaony ai?iaeii n ?acaeoie ?uii/iie e oeiainiaie no?oeoo?ie e
i?iiuoeaiiinoueth.
?aaeiiu Iaee/ea oaeaaeci-?ia ia ei-iaoe aiaea, oo. ia 100 naiae Aeiey
oaeaaeci?ia ni n?ieii neoaeau nauoa 10 eao, % ?aaeeciaaii oaeaaeci?ia ia
100 naiae Aeaiaaeiua aeioiaeu ianaeaiey oun. ?oa. ?acieoea iaaeaeo
aeaiaaeiu-ie aeioiaeaie e iio?aae-oaeueneeie ?anoiaeaie *eneai-iinoue
ianaeaiey ?aaeiia, oun. /ae. Aeiey ianaeaiey, aeeaouaai a iaeuo
ai?iaeao, iinaeeao ai?iaenei-ai oeia e a naeueneie ianoiinoe, %
Noiia?-iue ?aeoeia
?O 134 29 3 685,4 197 1973,3 55
I?aiao?a-neay iae. 125 29 1 401,7 185 2230,9 59 5
Aieiaiae-neay iae. 147 34 4 598,5 201 1355,3 54 2
a. Naieo-Iaoa?ao?a 120 34 2 825,1 186 4849,8 2 4
a. Iineaa 127 31 3 2219,6 270 8700,9 0 5
Iineia-neay iae. 131 31 2 480,7 144 6597,1 69 5
I?eianeay iae. 136 24 3 510,8 193 911,6 62 2
Oaa?neay iae. 142 37 1 433,1 160 1647,5 73 3
Ooeueneay iae. 135 32 3 545,8 230 1826,7 63 4
Ieaeaai-?iaeneay iae. 149 38 3 505,9 182 3688,0 53 3
Aaeai?iae-neay iae. 129 26 3 546,6 193 1435,1 64 3
Ai?iiaae-neay iae. 122 30 0 408,6 157 2495,4 64 3
Eeiaoeeay iae. 132 27 3 473,2 184 1245,5 53 2
Aieaia?aae-neay iae. 124 29 2 460,3 147 2673,2 48 4
?anioaeeea Oaoa?noai 132 30 2 505,6 209 3747,6 45 5
Na?aoia-neay iae. 127 37 8 442,1 178 2726,4 53 4
E?anii-aea?neee e?ae 116 27 3 483,1 173 4879.8 73 5
?inoianeay iae. 122 30 1 422,4 178 4385,0 54 4
Oaaeeoea 6. Eoiae ?ac?aaioee aeaiiuo auai?i/iiai ianeaaeiaaiey
athaeaeaoia aeiiaoieo oicyenoa a 1995 a.; Nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie/aneia
iieiaeaiea ?innee. 1995. I.: Aineiinao ?O, 1995
A eaaeaeii auaeaeaiiii ?aaeiia auea noi?ie?iaaia aeaoonooiai/aoay
no?aoeoeoee?iaaiiay neo/aeiay auai?ea.
A aieueoeinoaa ?aaeiiia ?innee i?eia?ii 60% ianaeaiey i?iaeeaaao a
iaeuo ai?iaeao, iinaeeao ai?iaeneiai oeia eee a naeueneie ianoiinoe.
Iiyoiio, a ea/anoaa ia?ae/iuo aaeeieoe ioai?a aunooiaee ai?iaeneea
ianaeaiiua ioieou e naeueneea aaeieieno?aoeaiua ?aeiiu. N o/aoii
/eneaiiinoe ianaeaiey e aaeieieno?aoeaiiai noaoona auei auaeaeaii 9
oeiia ia?ae/iuo aaeeieoe ioai?a:
Iaeanoiie oeaio?.
Ai?iaea n /eneaiiinoueth ianaeaiey io 250 aei 500 oun. /aeiaae.
Ai?iaea n /eneaiiinoueth ianaeaiey io 100 aei 250 oun. /aeiaae.
Ai?iaea n /eneaiiinoueth ianaeaiey io 50 aei 10 oun. /aeiaae.
Ai?iaea n /eneaiiinoueth ianaeaiey 20 aei 50 oun. /aeiaae.
Ai?iaea n /eneaiiinoueth ianaeaiey io 10 aei 20 oun. /aeiaae.
Ai?iaea n /eneaiiinoueth ianaeaiey iaiaa 10 oun. /aeiaae.
Iinaeee ai?iaeneiai oeia.
Naeueneea aaeieieno?aoeaiua ?aeiiu.
Ia?aiia/aeueiue iauai auai?ee aue i?eiyo ia o?iaia 600 aeiiioicyenoa ii
eaaeaeiio ?aaeiio e ?ani?aaeaeyeny iaaeaeo anaie no?aoaie ?aaeiia
i?iii?oeeiiaeueii /eneaiiinoe aeiiioicyenoa a eaaeaeie no?aoa.
Ioai? ai?iaeneeo ianaeaiiuo ioieoia e naeueneeo aaeieieno?aoeaiuo
?aeiiia inouanoaeyeny neo/aeiui iaoiaeii n aa?iyoiinoueth,
i?iii?oeeiiaeueiie /eneaiiinoe ianaeaiey ii eaaeaeie no?aoa, iacaaeneii
io inoaeueiuo no?ao.
A ioia?aiiuo ianaeaiiuo ioieoao eniieueciaaeenue nienee ecae?aoaeueiuo
o/anoeia e ioae?aeinue aeey ii?ina io 1 aei 15 oaeeo o/anoeia.
Aaia?aeueiay niaieoiiinoue i?aaei?eyoee iioiaie e ?icie/iie oi?aiaee
aeaeaioaoieeie, a oaeaea oe?i na?aeniiai ianeoaeeaaiey ii?aaeaeyeanue ii
aeaiiui Aineiinoaoa ?O. Auee ii?ioaiu ?oeiaiaeeoaee anao i?aaei?eyoee,
aioaaeoeo a aaia?aeueioth niaieoiiinoue.
5.3 Iiaeaioiaea aii?inieeia TC “5.3 Iiaeaioiaea aii?inieeia”\l2
Aeey i?iaaaeaiey ia?eaoeiaiaiai enneaaeiaaiey auee ?ac?aaioaiu o?e oeia
aii?inieeia:
Aeey eiia/iuo iio?aaeoaeae – ianaeaiey ?aaeiiia.
Aeey i?aaei?eyoee iioiai-?icie/iie naoe.
Aeey i?aaei?eyoee na?aeniiai ianeoaeeaaiey.
Aeey i?iaaaeaiey ia?aiai e aoi?iai yoaia iieaaiai ii?ina eiia/iuo
iio?aaeoaeae aue ?ac?aaioai aaeeiue ia?eaoeiaiaue ii?iniee, ninoiyuee ec
o?ao aeieia:
Aeie 1: Oa?aeoa?enoeea iieoiaoaeae.
Aeie 2: Oaeaaeci?u.
Aeie 3: Iioeiaeueiua eaiaeu ?aeeaiu.
Aii?inu ia?aiai aeiea oa?aeoa?eciaaee ?aniiiaeaioa iiceoeee aai ianoa
i?iaeeaaiey, iiea, nioeeaeueiiai noaoona, ?acia?a naiuee e o.i.
Aii?inu aoi?iai aeiea iaania/eaaee iieo/aiea eioi?iaoeee i
i?aaeii/oaieyo eiia/iuo iio?aaeoaeae, iauaiao eo ieaoaaeaniiniaiiai
ni?ina ia oaeaaeci?u i?e ?acee/iuo o?iaiyo oeai, i i?aaeii/oeoaeueiuo
eaiaeao ?aaeecaoeee i?iaeoeoeee e oneiaeyo na?aeniiai ianeoaeeaaiey.
No?oeoo?a aii?inieea aeey i?aaei?eyoee iioiai-?icie/iie naoe auea
i?aaenoaaeaia a ianeieueeeo aeieao:
Oa?aeoa?enoeea oi?aiaiai i?aaei?eyoey:
– anni?oeiaio i?iaeoeoeee;
– niaoeeaeecaoeey oe?iu;
– oiaa?iiai?io e aai no?oeoo?a.
Oneiaey ?aaiou oi?aiaie oe?iu n oiaa?aie aeeeoaeueiiai iieueciaaiey aeey
ianaeaiey:
– oi?ia iieaou;
– niiniau i?aaiecaoeee aa?aioeeiiai ?aiiioa.
Caeioa?aniaaiiinoue oi?aiaiai i?aaei?eyoey o/anoaiaaoue a ?aaeecaoeee
i?iaeoeoeee AI “Ianoa? OA”.
Oneiaey acaeiiaeaenoaey oi?aiaie oe?iu n AI “Ianoa? OA”:
– oi?ia iieaou;
– oneiaey aeinoaaee;
– i?aaiecaoeey aa?aioeeiiai ?aiiioa;
– oo?aoiua naieoeee;
– aa?aioee ii ieaoaaeai.
Oi?iu aoaeouaai nio?oaeie/anoaa oi?aiaie oe?iu n AI “Ianoa? OA”.
Aii?iniee aeey i?aaei?eyoee na?aeniiai ianeoaeeaaiey iaania/eaae
iieo/aiea aeaiiuo i naiie oe?ia (eiee/anoai ?aiiioiuo ianoa?neeo,
/eneaiiinoue ?aaioathuaai ia?niiaea e o.ae.), aa caeioa?aniaaiiinoe e
oneiaeyo acaeiiaeaenoaey n i?iecaiaeeoaeai, i aiciiaeiinoyo oe?i ii
oaeiaeaoai?aieth ioaeae iio?aaeoaeae. A aii?inieea ?anniao?eaaeenue
?acee/iua oi?iu na?aeniiai ianeoaeeaaiey oe?iie ianaeaiey.
6. ?acoeueoaou ia?eaoeiaiaiai enneaaeiaaiey TC “6. ?acoeueoaou
ia?eaoeiaiaiai enneaaeiaaiey”\l1
6.1 Iauee iioaioeeaeueiue ni?in ia oaeaaeci?u AI “Ianoa? OA” TC “6.1
Iauee iioaioeeaeueiue ni?in ia oaeaaeci?u AI «Ianoa? OA»”\l2
Ia?aue yoai iieaaiai ii?ina iieacae iauee iieoiaoaeueneee ni?in ia
oaeaaeceiiioth oaoieeo a 9 aua?aiiuo ia?niaeoeaiuo ?aaeiiao: 23,5%
ianaeaiey eiaee iaia?aiea i?eia?aoaoue oaeaaeci? a ia?eiae n III
eaa?oaea 1996 a. ii IV eaa?oae 1997 a.
Auynieeinue, /oi aieueoeinoai yoie a?oiiu ianaeaiey eiaei oaeaaeci?u
onoa?aaoeo iiaeaeae ni n?aaeiei n?ieii neoaeau 8 eao. Aeaa o?aoe oaeeo
naiae eiaee iaaieueoie aeioiae. Aieaa 65% ec ieo ie/aai ia ciaee ia AI
“Ianoa? OA” e aai i?iaeoeoeee.
Ii ?acoeueoaoai ia?aiai yoaia enneaaeiaaiey auee auaeaeaiu iaeaieaa
ia?niaeoeaiua ?aaeiiu aeey i?iaaaeaiey aeaeueiaeoaai enneaaeiaaiey ia
aoi?ii yoaia: Iineaa, Iineianeay iaeanoue, ?anioaeeea Oaoa?noai,
?inoianeay iaeanoue, Aieaia?aaeneay iaeanoue, E?aniiaea?neee e?ae.
Ii ?acoeueoaoai ia?aiai e aoi?iai yoaia iieaaiai enneaaeiaaiey
iaia?aiea i?eia?aoaoue oaeaaeci?u AI “Ianoa? OA” a ia?eiae n III
eaa?oaea 1996 a. ii IV eaa?oae 1997 a. auneacaee aieaa 60%
?aniiiaeaioia, eiathueo iio?aaiinoue a i?eia?aoaiee oaeaaeci?a. Yoi
iioaioeeaeueiue ni?in ia oaeaaeci?u AI “Ianoa? OA”, eioi?ue iiaeao
noaoue ?aaeueiui oieueei a oii neo/aa, anee oaoie/aneea oa?aeoa?enoeee,
iaaeaaeiinoue, ea/anoai oaeaaeci?ia e oneiaey i?iaeaaee aoaeoo
niioaaonoaiaaoue o?aaiaaieyi iio?aaeoaeae. Yoio ni?in neaaeoao n/eoaoue
iaeneiaeueiui e aeinoeaeeiui oieueei a neo/aa oaeiaeaoai?aiey anao
o?aaiaaiee iioaioeeaeueiuo iieoiaoaeae e i?iaeoeoeee.
A a. Iineaa, Iineianeie iaeanoe e ?anioaeeea Oaoa?noai ieacaeinue
neiioeaio?e?iaaii aieaa 70% niaieoiiiai ni?ina eiia/iuo iio?aaeoaeae
(ianaeaiey) ia oaeaaeci?u AI “Ianoa? OA”.
Aiaeec iieacae, /oi iaeaieueoei ni?inii ec iuia auioneaaiuo AI “Ianoa?
OA” oaeaaeci?ia a ianeaaeiaaiiuo ?aaeiiao iieueciaaeny ni?inii oaeaaeci?
ia?ee Ianoa? 55 OOe 5064 – ieiei 150 oun. oo. ia ia?eiae n III eaa?oaea
1996 a. ii IV eaa?oae 1997 a. aeeth/eoaeueii. *a?ii-aaeue oaeaaeci?
Ianoa? 127* 50 eiae aoi?ie ii aaee/eia o?iaaiue ni?ina – aieaa 80 oun.
oo. Ia o?aoueai ianoa oaeaaeci?u n ?acia?ii aeeaaiiaee 61 ni. e naiue
iiioey?iue ec ieo – Ianoa? 66 OOe 5050 (ieiei 75 oun. oo.).
Iaeaieueoee ni?in a noieiinoiii au?aaeaiee i?eoiaeeeny ia oaeaaeci?
ia?ee Ianoa? 55 OOe 5064 – ieiei 180 ie?ae. ?oa. Aeaeaa oee oaeaaeci?u n
?acia?ii aeeaaiiaee ye?aia 61 ni – ieiei 100 ie?ae. ?oa. ia eaaeaeoth
ia?eo. Ianiio?y ia oi /oi aaee/eia ni?ina ia /a?ii-aaeue oaeaaeci?
Ianoa? 127* 50 a iaoo?aeueiii au?aaeaiee caieiae aoi?ia ianoi,
ieaoaaeaniiniaiue ni?in a noieiinoiii au?aaeaiee ia yoio oaeaaeci?
caieiae ainueiia ianoi e ninoaaeye ieiei 60 ie?ae. ?oa.
6.2 Oa?aeoa?enoeea iioaioeeaeueiuo iieoiaoaeae oaeaaeci?ia AI “Ianoa?
OA” TC “6.2 Oa?aeoa?enoeea iioaioeeaeueiuo iieoiaoaeae oaeaaeci?ia AI
«Ianoa? OA»”\l2
Aieaa iieiaeiu yoie eaoaai?ee ?aniiiaeaioia (59%) – aeaiueiu. Aic?ano
?aniiiaeaioia aeinoaoi/ii iieiaeie: aieaa 60% ?aniiiaeaioia eiaee
aic?ano aei 44 eao. Aieueoeinoai ?aniiiaeaioia (64%) – ?aai/ea e
neoaeauea, cia/eoaeueioth /anoue ninoaaeyee iaineiia?u (14%).
Oaeaaeci?u AI “Ianoa? OA” niae?aeenue iieoiaoue a iniiaiii naiuee n
iaaunieei o?iaiai aeioiaea. Aaeaiany/iue aeioiae ia iiiai /eaia naiuee –
aei 600 oun. ?oa. aeey aieaa 80% naiae.
A a?oiia ianaeaiey, eioi?ay niae?aaony i?eia?anoe oaeaaeci?u AI “Ianoa?
OA” e eioi?oth iiaeii ii?aaeaeeoue eae onoie/eaoth a naieo iaia?aieyo,
aeiey ianaeaiey ni n?aaeiaaeooaaui aeioiaeii aei 600 oun. ?oa.
ninoaaeyao 69%. Aeey aieueoeinoaa naiae ?aniiiaeaioia (63%), iaia?aiiuo
i?eia?aoaoue oaeaaeci?u AI “Ianoa? OA”, ai a?aiy i?iaaaeaiey
enneaaeiaaiey ia iianaaeiaaiua ?anoiaeu ooiaeeei ia iaiaa 2/3 aeioiaeia
naiuee.
O?iaaiue ciaeiinoaa ?aniiiaeaioia n AI “Ianoa? OA” e aai i?iaeoeoeeae
oa?aeoa?eciaaee neaaeothuea aeaiiua: 11,2% ?aniiiaeaioiaiieoiaee
i?iaeoeoeeth AI “Ianoa? OA”, 6,6% neuoaee iocuau i i?iaeoeoeee caaiaea,
ciaee e eioa?aniaaeenue aai i?iaeoeoeeae, 11,3% neuoaee ia AI “Ianoa?
OA”, 71% ?aniiiaeaioia ie/aai ia ciaee i caaiaea e aai i?iaeoeoeee.
Aiaeec no?oeoo?u ia?ea oaeaaeci?ia o ?aniiiaeaioia , auneacaaoeo
iaia?aiea i?eia?anoe oaeaaeci? AI “Ianoa? OA”, iicaieee auyaeoue iioeau,
ii?aaeaeythuea aeaeaiea i?eia?anoe oaeaaeci?. A yoeo naiueyo
i?aiaeaaeatho ioa/anoaaiiua oaeaaeci?u – eo eiatho 80% oaeeo naiae.
Auea ioia/aia ieceay oaeiaeaoai?aiiinoue ?aniiiaeaioia eiaaoeieny a
naiueyo oaeaaeci?aie i?iecaiaenoaa no?ai NIA e I?eaaeoeee: aeiey
?aniiiaeaioia, oaeiaeaoai?aiiuo oaeaaeci?aie anao eiathueony a naiueyo
iiaeaeae, iaoiaeeony a aeeaiaciia 40-70%.
Aieaa 20% ia?ea oaeaaeci?ia a ?anniao?eaaaiuo naiueyo ?aniiiaeaioia
i?eoiaeeeenue ia eiii?oiua oaeaaeci?u. Iaeaieaa ?ani?ino?aiaiiuie
yaeyeenue “Sony” (13,%), “Funai” (11,8%), “Panasonic” (10%), “Samsung”
(9,2%), JVC (7%). Noaiaiue oaeiaeaoai?aiiinoe eiii?oiie oaoieeie
cia/eoaeueii auoa, /ai ioa/anoaaiiie: aeiey oaeiaeaoai?aiiuo
oaeaaeci?aie ie aeey iaeiie ec eiii?oiuo ia?ie oaeaaeci?ia ia auea ieaea
80%, aeey aieueoeinoaa yoa aeiey i?aauoaao 90%.
6.3 Oa?aeoa?enoeea ni?ina ia oaeaaeci?u TC “6.3 Oa?aeoa?enoeea ni?ina
ia oaeaaeci?u”\l2
Aeey aieueoeinoaa ?aniiiaeaioia, iaia?aiiuo i?eia?anoe oaeaaeci? AI
“Ianoa? OA”, auea i?eaieaia iieoiea oaeaaeci?a ca iaee/iue ?an/ao (53%),
aeey 47% ?aniiiaeaoia i?eaieaia iieoiea oaeaaeci?a oieueei a ?ann?i/eo.
I?ei?eoao o?aaiaaiee, i?aaeuyaeyaiuoiioaioeeaeueiuie iieoiaoaeyie e
oaeaaeci?ai AI “Ianoa? OA”, iiaeoaa?aeeee ?aeoeiaiaua ioeaiee,
iieacaiiua eie i?e ii?ina (iaeneiaeueiay cia/eiinoue oa?aeoa?enoeee aeey
?aniiiaeaioa eiaea ioeaieo 10):
– ea/anoai ecia?aaeaiey – 9,9;
– ea/anoai caoea – 9,8;
– iaee/ea n?iea aa?aioeeiiai ianeoaeeaaiey, ?aaiiai 2 aiaeai – 9,6;
– oeaia – 9,3;
– /oanoaeoaeueiinoue i?eaia – 9,3;
– iaee/ea ioeueoa aeenoaioeeiiiiai oi?aaeaiey – 8,7;
– aeecinoue ianoa iieoiee – 8,1.
Aieaa iieiaeiu ?aniiiaeaioia (52,2%) auee iaia?aiu i?eia?anoe oaeaaeci?
eae caiaio oaea eiathuaainy a naiuea. Inoaeueiua iaia?aiu i?eia?anoe
oaeaaeci? a ea/anoaa aoi?iai oaeaaeci?a a naiuea.
Aiaeec oa?aeoa?enoee ni?ina ia ?acee/iua ia?ee oaeaaeci?ia,
i?iecaiaeeiuo AI “Ianoa? OA”, iieacae neaaeothuaa:
– ioae/eiu i?aaeii/eoatho i?eia?aoaoue aieaa neiaeioth oaoieeo;
– iaineiia?u iaia?aiu i?eia?aoaoue aieaa aeaoaaua oaeaaeci?u;
– oaeaaeci?u n aeeaaiiaeueth 34 eee 37 ni i?eia?aoathony ?aniiiaeaioaie
a ea/anoaa aoi?iai eee o?aoueaai oaeaaeci?a.
6.4 Yeanoe/iinoue ni?ina ia oaeaaeci?u TC “6.4 Yeanoe/iinoue ni?ina ia
oaeaaeci?u”\l2
Oa?aeoa?enoeea yeanoe/iinoe onoie/eaiai ni?ina eiia/iuo iio?aaeoaeae ia
oaeaaeci?u AI “Ianoa? OA” ?acee/iuo ia?ie i?eia?ii iaeeiaeiaa: aei
ii?aaeaeaiiiai o?iaiy iiauoaiey oeaiu ia oaeaaeci? ni?in iaiyaony ia
i/aiue neeueii, aeaeueiaeoaa oaaee/aiea oeaiu i?eaiaeeo e ?aceiio
nieaeaieth ni?ina (?enoiie 4).
?enoiie 4. Yeanoe/iinoue onoie/eaiai ni?ina ia oaeaaeci?u AI “Ianoa?
OA”! ii oeaia
Aiaeec yeanoe/iinoe onoie/eaiai ni?ina ia oaeaaeci?u AI “Ianoa? OA” ii
a?aiaie ?aaeecaoeee iieacuaaao naciiiue oa?aeoa? eieaaaiee ni?ina a
ia?eiae n III eaa?oaea 1996 a. ii IV eaa?oae 1997 aiaea aeeth/eoaeueii.
Ni?in aic?anoaao a ieoya?a-aeaeaa?a e nieaeaaony eaoii.
6.5 Ia?niaeoeaiue oaeaaeci? TC “6.5 Ia?niaeoeaiue oaeaaeci?”\l2
?aniiiaeaiou, eioi?uo ie i?e eaeeo ianoiyoaeuenoaao ia ono?aeaaee
oaeaaeci?u AI “Ianoa? OA”, a eiia/iii eoiaa ioaa/aee ia aii?in i
o?aaiaaieyo, i?aaeuyaeyaiuo eie e iaeiaio aeiioaoe/aneiio oaeaaeci?o,
eioi?ue aue iacaai ia?niaeoeaiui. Yoio oaeaaeci? i?aaenoaaeye niaie
yoaeii, e eioi?iio aeieaeii no?aieoueny AI “Ianoa? OA”, aeey oiai /oiau
oaaee/eoue i?ioeaio ?aniiiaeaioia, aeaeathueo i?eia?anoe oaeaaeci?,
i?iecaaaeaiiue caaiaeii. I?aeoe/anee ana naiuee aeaiiie a?oiiu
?aniiiaeaioia eiaee oaeaaeci?u.
Iniiaiuie ea/anoaaie, o/eouaaaiuie i?e iieoiea, yaeyeenue ea/anoaaiiua
oa?aeoa?enoeee oaeaaeci?a (ea/anoai ecia?aaeaiey, /oanoaeoaeueiinoue
i?eaia neaiaea, ea/anoai caoea), n?ie aa?aioeeiiai ianeoaeeaaiey – 2
aiaea, iaee/ea naoe oaoie/aneiai ianeoaeeaaiey, oeaia.
Ia?niaeoeaiue oaeaaeci? aeieaeai auoue oeaaoiui oaeaaeci?ii n ?acia?ii
aeeaaiiaee ieineiai ye?aia 51-61 ni
Oaeaaeci? aeieaeai aeeth/aoue neaaeothuea ooieoeeiiaeueiua aiciiaeiinoe:
Ioeueo aeenoaioeeiiiiai oi?aaeaiey.
I?eieiaoue ia iaiaa 50 eaiaeia.
Iaania/eaaoue aiciiaeiinoue iiaeeeth/aiey aeaeaiiaaieoioiia.
Eiaoue ye?aiiia iaith.
Inouanoaeyoue aaoiiiene noaioeee.
Inouanoaeyoue i?eai ?aciuo nenoai (PAL, SECAM, NTSC, MESECAM).
Eniieueciaaoue eiiiaoioth aioaiio.
A i?aaenoaaeaiee aieueoeinoaa ?aniiiaeaioia aeaiiie a?oiiu (75%)
oeacaiiue ia?niaeoeaiue oaeaaeci? yaeyaony eiii?oiui.
Oeaiu, oeacaiiua aeaiiie a?oiiie ?aniiiaeaioia ia oaeaaeci?u n
?acee/iuie ?acia?aie aeeaaiiaee ye?aia e ia?a/eneaiiuie auoa
ia?aiao?aie, iiaeii auei ioeaieoue eae n?aaeiea oeaiu ia aiaeiae/iua
ca?oaaaeiua iiaee oaeaaeci?ia, i?iaeaaaaiuo a ?innee (oaaeeoea 7).
?acia? aeeaaiiaee ye?aia, ni Oeaia oaeaaeci?a, oun. ?oa.
37 1400
51 1550
54 1680
61 1770
Oaaeeoea 7. Oeaiu ia ia?niaeoeaiue oaeaaeci?, ono?aeaathuea
iioaioeeaeueiuo iieoiaoaeae
6.6 ?aeeaiiua eaiaeu TC “6.6 ?aeeaiiua eaiaeu”\l2
Ii ?acoeueoaoai ii?ina iioaioeeaeueiuo eiia/iuo iio?aaeoaeae
i?iaeoeoeee AI “Ianoa? OA”, auee ii?aaeaeaiu i?aaeii/oeoaeueiua eaiaeu
?aeeaiu aeaeaioaoieee.
Iaeaieaa oaeiaiui eaiaeii ?aeeaiu aeey iioaioeeaeueiuo iieoiaoaeae
oaeaaeci?ia yaeyeinue oaeaaeaeaiea – 80% ?aniiiaeaioia, /oi a 2 ?aca
i?aauoaei aiaeiae/iue iieacaoaeue aeey aacao e aieaa /ai a 9 ?ac – aeey
aeo?iaeia.
Iaeaieaa iiioey?iuie eaiaeaie oaeaaeaeaiey yaeyeenue I?O, ?O? e IOA.
Aeey oaeaeaiaeia I?O e ?O? i?aaeii/oeoaeueiia a?aiy ?aeeaiu oaeaaeci?ia
AI “Ianoa? OA” – n 19 aei 22 /ania. Iinea 22 /ania ia aeaiiuo eaiaeao
?aeeaiiay aoaeeoi?ey ?acei nie?auaaony, a oi a?aiy eae aeey eaiaea IOA n
22 aei 23 /ania iia nio?aiyaony.
Iaeaieueoay ?aeeaiiay aoaeeoi?ey i?aeoe/anee ia anao iniiaiuo
?aaeeieaiaeao i?eoiaeeony ia oo?aiiea /anu (6:30 – 9:00). A aeaeueiaeoai
aoaeeoi?ey oiaiueoaaony, a iinea 18:00 iia i/aiue iaea.
Aacaou yaeythony aoi?ui ii iiioey?iinoe ?aeeaiiui eaiaeii oaeaaeceiiiie
oaoieee AI “Ianoa? OA”. Iauay caeiiiia?iinoue: ai anao enneaaeoaiuo
?aeiiao iaeiie ec naiuo /eoaaiuo e i?aaeii/oeoaeueiuo aeey ?aciauaiey
?aeeaiu yaeyaony aacaoa “A?aoiaiou e Oaeou”. A eaaeaeii ?aaeiia
?aeeaiiui eaiaeii iiaeao auoue ianoiay aacaoa.
6.7 Aiaeec eiieo?aioiie n?aaeu a ia?niaeoeaiuo ?aaeiiao TC “6.7 Aiaeec
eiieo?aioiie n?aaeu a ia?niaeoeaiuo ?aaeiiao”\l2
Aaaeouea iiceoeee ia ?uieao ?anniao?eaaaiuo ?aaeiiia caieiaee
oaeaaeci?u ecaanoiuo ie?iauo i?iecaiaeeoaeae aeaeaioaoieee “Sony”,
“Panasonic”, “Samsung”, “LG Electronics”, “Philips” e ae?oaea. Iiaeaee
oaeaaeci?ia yoeo oe?i iaeaieaa /anoi ano?a/athony a oi?aiauo
i?aaei?eyoeyo ?aaeiiia. Ia?aua o?e oe?iu i?aaeeaaatho naith i?iaeoeoeeth
a aieaa /ai o?aoe oi?aiauo oe?i ethaiai ec ?aaeiiia.
Oaeaaeci?u no?ai aeeaeiaai ca?oaaaeuey i?aaenoaaeaiu a oi?aiaea
aieueoeinoaa ?aaeiiia a n?aaeiai a 10% oe?i, eneeth/ay Iineao e
Iineianeoth iaeanoue, aaea eo i?iaeatho 1-2% iaaaceiia.
Ioa/anoaaiiua oaeaaeci?u oaeaea i?aaenoaaeaiu aieaa /ai a 10% iaaaceiia
?aaeiiia (ca eneeth/aieai Iineau e Iineianeie iaeanoe, aaea iie
i?aaenoaaeaiu a iaiiiaeo iaaaceiao).
Eiii?oiua oaeaaeci?u aaaeoueo oe?i, eae i?aaeei, i?aaenoaaeaiu a
ioa/anoaaiiie oi?aiaea oe?ieei anni?oeiaioii oeaaoiuo oaeaaeci?ia.
Iaeaieueoee oaeaeueiue aan caieiaee oaeaaeci?u n aeeaaiiaeueth ye?aia 51
e 54 ni. A yoeo aea ?uii/iuo ieoao ?aaioaee caaiaeu no?ai aeeaeiaai
ca?oaaaeuey.
Ioa/anoaaiiua oaeaaeci?u /aua caieiatho ae?oaea ieoe: oaeaaeci?u n
aeeaaiiaeueth ye?aia 34, 37 e 61 ni, e?iia oiai, aue aaeee oaeaeueiue
aan /a?ii-aaeuo iiaeaeae.
Aiaeec o?iaiy oeai ia oaeaaeci?u n ?acee/iuie aeeaaiiaeyie ye?aia
iieacae. /oi iaeaieaa aunieea oeaiu eiatho oaeaaeci?u eiino?aiiuo oe?i,
eiathueo aunieee ?aeoeia a ie?a e aaaeoueo aeoeaioth ?aeeaiioth iieeoeeo
ia ?inneeneii ?uiea (“Sony”, “Panasonic”, “Philips”). Ioa/anoaaiiua
oaeaaeci?u eiatho aieaa ieceea oeaiu, ii oai ia iaiaa ni?inii
i?aeoe/anee ai anao ?aaeiiao ia iieuecothony.
7. Auaiaeu e ia?eaoeiaiaua ?aeiiaiaeaoeee TC “7. Auaiaeu e
ia?eaoeiaiaua ?aeiiaiaeaoeee”\l1
N o/aoii ?acoeueoaoia i?iaaaeaiiiai ia?eaoeiaiaiai enneaaeiaaiey,
aiaeeca ?uiea e nenoaiu ooieoeeiie?iaaiey AI “Ianoa? OA” aue
?aeiiaiaeiaai aa?eaio, i?aaeoniao?eaathuee ?ano?oeoo?ecaoeeth
oaeaaeceiiiiai i?iecaiaenoaa. Yoei aa?eaioii i?aaeoniao?eaaeinue, /oi ia
i?ioyaeaiee 6-12 ianyoeaa ia i?aaei?eyoee aeieaeai iiaeaea?aeeaaoueny
iioeiaeueiue o?iaaiue i?iecaiaenoaa (yoi ia aieaa 5 oun. oaeaaeci?ia a
ianyoe), ia o?aaothuee cia/eoaeueiuo eaieoaeueiuo aeiaeaiee a iniiaiua
n?aaenoaa.
Aa?eaio ?ano?oeoo?ecaoeee AI “Ianoa? OA” iicaieye:
Ieieiece?iaaoue ?ene nianoaaiieea iiianoe cia/eoaeueiua oauoee, oae eae
aa?iyoiinoue aeinoeaeaiey iinoaaeaiiuo oeaeae a yoii aa?eaioa
aeinoaoi/ii auniea.
Nio?aieoue i?iecaiaenoaaiiua aiciiaeiinoe.
Aueoe ia aieaa aunieee o?iaaiue i?aaiecaoeee i?iecaiaenoaa, iicaieythuee
i?e aeiaeaiee aeiiieieoaeueiuo n?aaenoa a iai?oaeiaaiea e oaoiieiaeth
auioneaoue eiieo?aioiniiniaioth i?iaeoeoeeth.
A ia?eiae ?ano?oeoo?ecaoeee i?e auioneao, ia o?aaothueo eaieoaeueiuo
aeiaeaiee, ia i?aaei?eyoee iiaeao auoue n aunieie aa?iyoiinoueth
?aaeeciaai eiiieaen ia?, i?eaiaeyuee e nieaeaieth o?iaiy ecaea?aeae
i?iecaiaenoaa.
?ano?oeoo?ecaoeey AI “Ianoa? OA” aeieaeia aeeth/aoue neaaeothuea
ia?ii?eyoey:
Iainiaeaiea oaeaaeceiiiiai i?iecaiaenoaa a ?aieao aaeeiiai
i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai eiiieaena AI “Ianoa? OA” a aniaeoao:
– oa??eoi?eaeueiii;
– i?iecaiaenoaaiiii;
– i?aaiecaoeeiiiii.
Iiauoaiea ea/anoaa e eiieo?aioiniiniaiinoe i?iaeoeoeee iin?aaenoaii:
– nieaeaiey i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai a?aea, iiauoaiey iaaeaaeiinoe oceia ca
n/ao niaa?oainoaiaaiey eiino?oeoeee e oaoiieiaee;
– iaeaaeeaaiey ioiioaiee n iinoaaueeaie, iaania/eaathueie nieaeaiea
a?aea a eiiieaeoothueo e iaoa?eaeao;
– aianaiey eiino?oeoeeiiiuo e oaoiieiae/aneeo eciaiaiee a oaeaaeci?u,
iiauoathueo eo iio?aaeoaeueneea ea/anoaa;
-nicaeaiey nenoaiu iineai?iaeaaeiiai ianeoaeeaaiey, ioaa/athuae
nia?aiaiiui o?aaiaaieyi.
Iiene no?aoaae/aneiai eiaanoi?a e ia?oia?a ii IEIE? AI “Ianoa? OA” n
i?eaioaoeeae ia no?aoaae/aneia ia?oia?noai n eiino?aiiuie eiaanoi?aie –
aaaeoueie ie?iauie i?iecaiaeeoaeyie aeaeaioaoieee, aeey /aai iaiaoiaeeii
onoaiiaeoue:
– /oi aeieaeii yaeyoueny iauaeoii eiaanoeoeee, ia eaeeo iaueo oneiaeyo,
a eaeii eiee/anoaa e iiae eaeea eiie?aoiua i?iaeou aeieaeiu auoue
i?eaea/aiu ?ano?nu;
– a eaeeo ia?oia?ao caeioa?aniaaii i?aaei?eyoea e /ai eo iiaeao
i?eaea/ue;
– ?ac?aaioaoue ianeieueei aa?eaioia ieaiia acaeiiaeaenoaey n
iioaioeeaeueiuie no?aoaae/aneeie ia?oia?aie e eiaanoi?aie a caaeneiinoe
io oniaoiinoe aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaei?eyoey e caeioa?aniaaiiinoe
ia?oia?ia.
I?e iaaieueoii iauaia ?aaeecoaiuo a ia?eiae ?ano?oeoo?ecaoeee AI
“Ianoa? OA” auei ?aeiiaiaeiaaii ia i?aaieciauaaoue ?aeeaiioth eaiiaieth.
Aeinoaoi/ii ia?aie/eoueny ?aeeaiie a iaeiie ec iiioey?iuo aacao.
A ?aeeaia aeieaeiu auoue io?aaeaiu neaaeothuea iniiaiua iiiaiou:
Yoi iaaei?iaea oaeaaeci?u, i?iecaaaeaiiua a ?innee, eioi?ua ia aei?iaea
aiaeiae/iuo eiii?oiuo oaeaaeci?ia.
Oaeaaeci?u auiieiytho ana iniiaiua ooieoeee, eae e aieueoeinoai
oaeaaeci?ia aaaeoueo ca?oaaaeiuo oe?i.
O oaeaaeci?ia aunieia ea/anoai ecia?aaeaiey e caoea.
Oaeaaeci?u eiatho aa?aioeth 2 aiaea e iiaoo auoue io?aiiioe?iaaiu a
ethaii oeaio?a oaoie/aneiai ianeoaeeaaiey.
Aeey eaaeaeiai ec ?aaeiiia ia iniiaa iieo/aiiuo a oiaea ia?eaoeiaiaiai
enneaaeiaaiey ?acoeueoaoia auee ?ac?aaioaiu ia?eaoeiaiaua ieaiu,
o/eouaathuea niaoeeoeeo ni?ina a ?aaeiia e iioiauo e ?icie/iuo oi?aiauo
oe?i e na?aeniuo i?aaiecaoeee.
Auea ?ac?aaioaia i?ia?aiia ?aaiou AI “Ianoa? OA” a oeaeaauo ?aaeiiao.
Iniiaiuie caaea/aie AI “Ianoa? OA” i?e ?aaioa a oeaeaauo ?aaeiiao a
ia?eiae ?ano?oeoo?ecaoeee yaeythony:
Iino?iaiea nauoiauo oeaiae a oeaeaauo ?aaeiiao.
Iaania/aiea ciaeiinoaa eiia/iuo iio?aaeoaeae oeaeaauo ?aaeiiia n
oaeaaeci?aie AI “Ianoa? OA”.
?aoaiea ia?aie caaea/e iaania/eaaaony iooai:
Iaeaaeeaaiey oi?aiauo naycae n oe?iaie, ?aniieiaeaiiuie a oeaeaauo
?aaeiiao:
eiioaeou n oe?iaie, caeioa?aniaaiiuie a ?aaeecaoeee oaeaaeci?ia AI
“Ianoa? OA”;
caeeth/aiea aeiaiai?ia ia iinoaaeo ia?aie ia?oee oaeaaeci?ia;
eiioaeou n oe?iaie, caeioa?aniaaiiuie a ?aiiioa oaeaaeci?ia AI “Ianoa?
OA”.
Ioai?a aiciiaeiuo aeeea?ia, aeeno?eauethoi?ia a oeaeaauo ?aaeiiao:
ionoonoaea ia?aeaiee i?e i?iaeaaea ia?aie ia?oee oiaa?a;
aeaeaiea oi?aiaie oe?iu acyoue ia naay ooieoeee aeeea?a,
aeeno?eauethoi?a;
i?iecaiaenoaaiiua aiciiaeiinoe oe?iu;
iaee/ea iiuoa a iioiaie oi?aiaee;
ianoi?aniieiaeaiea oi?aiaie oe?iu;
o/anoea oi?aiaie oe?iu a i?ia?aiiao noeioee?iaaiey nauoa;
eiio?iee?oaiay oi?aiaie oe?iie aeiey ?uiea.
Iioeiecaoeee oiaa?iuo iioieia a oeaeaauo ?aaeiiao:
ii?aaeaeaiea iniiaiuo aeeea?ia a ?aaeiia, ianooaaia eo aeayoaeueiinoe;
?an/ao a?ociiioieia n ieieiecaoeeae cao?ao – ii?aaeaeaiea iioeiaeueiuo
iooae oiaa?iaeaeaeaiey oaeaaeci?ia: iai?yioth io AI “Ianoa? OA” eee
/a?ac aeeea?a (aeeno?eauethoi?a).
Iaania/aiea ciaeiinoaa eiia/iuo iio?aaeoaeae oeaeaauo ?aaeiiia n
oaeaaeci?aie AI “Ianoa? OA” i?aaeiieaaaao:
I?iaaaeaiea ?aeeaiiie eaiiaiee a oeaeaauo ?aaeiiao.
Auai? ?aeeaiiuo eaiaeia.
Ii?aaeaeaiea enoi/ieeia oeiaine?iaaiey ?aeeaiiie eaiiaiee, eco/aiea
aiciiaeiinoe i?eaea/aiey oi?aiauo oe?i e oeiaine?iaaieth ?aeeaiu.
?ac?aaioeo iiaeaeae ?aeeaiiuo iauyaeaiee.
caeeth/aiea aeiaiai?ia n ?aeeaiiaeaoaeyie.
Anee ?oeiaiaenoai AI “Ianoa? OA” ia/iao ?aaeecaoeeth ia?, ?aeiiaiaeoaiuo
ii ?acoeueoaoai ia?eaoeiaiaiai enneaaeiaaiey, oi oaeay
iineaaeiaaoaeueiay aeayoaeueiinoue iicaieeo i?eaea/ue na?ueaciiai
oaoiieiae/aneiai eiaanoi?a e auaanoe i?aaei?eyoea ec e?eceniie
neooaoeee.
Nienie eniieuecoaiie eeoa?aoo?u
O. Eioea? “Iniiau ia?eaoeiaa”, I., “I?ia?ann”, 1992
A. Aeeooeue, O. Oa?oaai “I?aeoe/aneee ia?eaoeia”, I., “Aunoay oeiea”,
1995
Aeae. I. Yaain, A. Aa?iai “Ia?eaoeia”, I., “Yeiiiieea”, 1993
A. A. A?aaa?iai “Ia?eaoeia a ?inneeneie yeiiiieea ia?aoiaeiiai
ia?eiaea”, I., “Yeiiiieea”, 1997
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