Iineianeay Ainoaea?noaaiiay Oaenoeeueiay Aeaaeaiey
ei. A.I.Einuaeia
eaoaae?a IOAI
Oaeoeueoao yeiiiieee e iaiaaeaeiaioa
?an/aoii-iiynieoaeueiay caienea e eo?niaiio i?iaeoo
ii eo?no: “Iaoaie/aneay oaoiieiaey oaenoeeueiuo iaoa?eaeia”
“I?iaeoe?iaaiea i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai i?ioeanna au?aaioee
i?yaee (iniiau e ooea) aeey au?aaioee oeaie a?o. 34.”
A?oiia 47 / 94
Auiieieea Iaoooiaa I. A.
Eiinoeueoaio E?aiooeia N.E.
IINEAA
1996 a.
Niaea?aeaiea:
1.Iniiaiua cai?aai/iua ia?aiao?u oeaie . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2. Cai?aai/iue ?enoiie oeaie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3. Auai? ni?oa i?yaee e nenoaiu i?yaeaiey . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
4. Iniiaiua iieacaoaee oeceei-iaoaie/aneeo naienoa
iniiaiie e ooi/iie i?yaee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
5. Nu?uea aeey au?aaioee i?yaee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
5.1. Nu?uea aeey au?aaioee iniiaiie i?yaee . . . . . . . . . . . 7
5.2. Nu?uea aeey au?aaioee ooi/iie i?yaee . . . . . . . . . . . .9
6. Iioeiecaoeey ii noieiinoe ninoaaa niane ia YAI . . . . . . . .11
7. Ninoaaeaiea ieaia i?yaeaiey e auai? iai?oaeiaaiey . . . . . . .12
7.1. Ninoaaeaiea ieaia i?yaeaiey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
7.2. Auai? iai?oaeiaaiey e aai oa?aeoa?enoeea . . . . . . . . 17
8. Ninoaaeaiea oaaeeoeu auoiaeia iieooaa?eeaoia e
i?yaee e ?an/ao eiyooeoeeaioa caaiia . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
8.1. Iniiaiay i?yaea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
8.2. Ooi/iay i?yaea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
9. Oaoiieiae/aneee ?an/ao eaioi/iie iaoeiu
2-ai ia?aoiaea E2-50-220OI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
10. Oaoiieiae/aneee ?an/ao iiaaiiiaoaie/aneie
i?yaeeeueiie iaoeiu III-120-IN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
11. ?an/ao eiee/anoaa niane, iieooaa?eeaoia e
i?yaee, au?aaaouaaaiuo a 1 /an . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
12. ?an/ao eiee/anoaa iaoei ii anai ia?aoiaeai . . . . . . . . . 28
Auaiaeu ii eo?niaiio i?iaeoo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
Eeoa?aoo?a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
1. Iniiaiua cai?aai/iua ia?aiao?u oeaie.
Niaeanii “Ni?aai/ieea ii oeiieioea/anoao” [3, n.472] aeey oeaie a?o. 34
onoaiiaeaiu neaaeothuea iniiaiua cai?aai/iua ia?aiao?u:
1) oeaiue ieoeaeue; oe?eia boe = 90 ni.
2) eeiaeiay ieioiinoue iniiau Oi? = 20 oaen; eeiaeiay ieioiinoue ooea
Oi? = 20 oaen; eeiaeiay ieioiinoue e?iiie Oe? = 20 oaen.
3) anaai 2320 ieoae; ec ieo e?iii/iuo – 48.
4) ieioiinoue oeaie ii iniiaa ?i = 255 ieoae/10ni; ieioiinoue oeaie ii
ooeo ?o = 270 ieoae/10ni.
5) o?aaioea oeaie ii iniiaa ai = 5,7%; o?aaioea oeaie ii ooeo ao = 9%.
6) iiia? aa?aea Na = 115 coaueaa.
7) /enei ieoae oiia, i?iae?aaiuo a iaeei coa aa?aea, ?aaii 2; /enei
ieoae e?iiee, i?iae?aaiuo a iaeei coa aa?aea, ?aaii 4.
8) ia?aieaoaiea oeaie – iieioiyiia.
9) iiaa?oiinoiay ieioiinoue oeaie 112a/i^2.
10) iooiaeu ii iniiaa ninoaaeytho 0,74; iooiaeu ii ooeo – 0,14.
11) ?anoiae iniiaiie i?yaee ia 100 iia. iao?ia no?iauo oeaiae (aac
iooiaeia) ninoaaeyao 4,848 ea/100iia. iao?ia.
12) ?anoiae ooi/iie i?yaee ia 100 iia. iao?ia no?iauo oeaiae (aac
iooiaeia) ninoaaeyao 5,341 ea/100 iia. iao?ia.
13) aeey au?aaioee oeaie i?eiaiyaony noaiie AOI?-100.
14) iniiaiay e ooi/iay i?yaea aeey oeaie a?o. 34 au?aaaouaaaony ii
ea?aeiie nenoaia i?yaeaiey ii iiaaiiiaoaie/aneiio niiniao.
2. Cai?aai/iue ?enoiie oeaie.
1) Niaeanii “Ni?aai/ieea ii oeiiieoea/anoao” [3, n.472] ia?aieaoaiea
oiia e e?iiie oeaie a?o. 34 iieioiyiia. Iieioiyiia ia?aieaoaiea
ioiineony e aeaaiui (i?inoui) ia?aieaoaieyi.
2) ?aiii?o oeaie ii iniiaa ?aaai
Ri = Rio + 2*Rie?, aaea
Rio – ?aiii?o oiia ii iniiaa, Rio = 2;
Rie? – ?aiii?o e?iiie ii iniiaa, Rie? = 2.
Oiaaea iauee ?aiii?o oeaie ii iniiaa ?aaai Ri = 2.
3) ?aiii?o oeaie ii ooeo ?aaai
Ro = IIE(Roo, Roe?), aaea
Roo – ?aii?o oiia ii iniiaa, Roo = 2;
Roe? – ?aiii?o e?iiie ii ooeo, Roe? = 2.
Oiaaea iauee ?aiii?o oeaie ii ooeo ?aaai Ro = 2.
4) Cai?aai/iue ?enoiie oeaie ninoieo ec 4-o /anoae
I – ?enoiie ia?aieaoaiey;
II – i?iai?ea ieoae iniiau a coa aa?aea;
III – i?iai?ea ieoae iniiau a ?aiec;
IV – noaia (i?ia?aiia) aeaeaeaiey ?aiecie.
Iineieueeo ia oeaoeeii noaiea AOI?-100 /enei ?aiecie ?aaii 6 [4, n.261],
oi cai?aai/iue ?enoiie oeaie, iino?iaiiue ia 6-oe ?aieceao i?e ?annuiiie
i?iai?ea ieoae iniiau a ?aiec, aoaeao auaeyaeaoue neaaeothuei ia?acii:
3. Auai? ni?oa i?yaee e nenoaiu i?yaeaiey.
I) Iniiaiay i?yaea.
1) Iineieueeo a noaiaea?oa ia oeaiue ni?o i?yaee ia oeacai, oi
ii?aaeaeei aai ii oi?ioea 1 [7, n.4]
20000 * ?
?i.i. = ?i * E , aaea
a) ?i.i. – i?i/iinoue iaeeii/iie ieoe, an.
a) ? – i?i/iinoue iieinee 200o50 ii no?iaie oeaie, ean. Niaeanii
“Ni?aai/ieea ii oeiieioea/anoao” [3, n.464] i?e iiaa?oiinoiie ieioiinoe
oeaie 112a/i^2 auae?aai aaeueaaua oyaeaeua oeaie, aeey eioi?uo
ieieiaeueiay i?i/iinoue iieinee 200o50 ii oeaie ia ?ac?ua ninoaaeyao
aeey iniiau ?=380 I, eee ?= 380*0,101972 = 38,73 ean.
a) ?i – ieioiinoue oeaie ii iniiaa, ieo/i. Niaeanii ioieoa 1 ianoiyuae
?an/aoii-iiynieoaeueiie caienee ?i = 2550 ieo/i.
a) E – iii?aai/iue eiyooeoeeaio; E = 1…1,2. I?eieiaai E = 1,2.
20000 * 38,73
?i.i. = 2550 * 1,2 = 251,1 an.
2) N o/aoii eeiaeiie ieioiinoe iniiaiie i?yaee, ?aaiie 20 oaen,
i?i/iinoue iaeeii/iie ieoe ninoaaeo
?i.i. = 251,1/20 = 12,4 an/oaen = 0,0124 ean/oaen = 0,0124/0,101972 (
0,12 I/oaen = 12 nI/oaen.
3) A niioaaonoaee n [3, n.24] aeey aeaiiie eeiaeiie ieioiinoe i?yaee
20oaen e iieo/aiiie i?i/iinoe iaeeii/iie ieoe 12 nI/oaen auae?aai i?yaeo
I-ai ni?oa, au?aaaouaaaioth ec oeiiieiaiai aieieia n?aaeiaaieieienouo
ni?oia oeii/aoieea ii ea?aeiie nenoaiu i?yaeaiey.
II) Ooi/iay i?yaea.
1) Iineieueeo a noaiaea?oa ia oeaiue ni?o i?yaee ia oeacai, oi
ii?aaeaeei aai ii oi?ioea (1) [7, n.4]
20000 * ?
?i.i. = ?o * E , aaea
a) ?i.i. – i?i/iinoue iaeeii/iie ieoe, an.
a) ? – i?i/iinoue iieinee 200o50 ii no?iaie oeaie, ean. Niaeanii
“Ni?aai/ieea ii oeiieioea/anoao” [3, n.464] i?e iiaa?oiinoiie ieioiinoe
oeaie 112a/i^2 auae?aai aaeueaaua oyaeaeua oeaie, aeey eioi?uo
ieieiaeueiay i?i/iinoue iieinee 200o50 ii oeaie ia ?ac?ua ninoaaeyao
aeey ooea 360 I, eee 360*0,101972 = 36,71 ean.
a) ?o – ieioiinoue oeaie ii ooeo, ieo/i. Niaeanii ioieoa 1 ianoiyuae
?an/aoii-iiynieoaeueiie caienee ?o = 2700 ieo/i.
a) E – iii?aai/iue eiyooeoeeaio; E= 1…1,2. I?eieiaai E = 1,15.
20000 * 36,71
?i.i. = 2700 * 1,15 = 230,5 an.
2) N o/aoii eeiaeiie ieioiinoe iniiaiie i?yaee, ?aaiie 20 oaen,
i?i/iinoue iaeeii/iie ieoe ninoaaeo
?i.i. = 230,5/20 = 11,525 an/oaen = 0,011525 ean/oaen =
0,011525/0,101972 = 0,113 I/oaen = 11,3 nI/oaen.
3) A niioaaonoaee n [3, n.30] aeey aeaiiie eeiaeiie ieioiinoe 20oaen e
iieo/aiiie i?i/iinoe iaeeii/iie ieoe 11,3 nI/oaen auae?aai i?yaeo I-ai
ni?oa, au?aaaouaaaioth ec oeiiieiaiai aieieia n?aaeiaaieieienouo ni?oia
oeii/aoieea ii ea?aeiie nenoaiu i?yaeaiey.
4. Iniiaiua iieacaoaee oeceei-iaoaie/aneeo naienoa iniiaiie e ooi/iie
i?yaee.
I) Iniiaiay i?yaea.
1) Niaeanii [4, n.24] iniiaiay i?yaea I-ai ni?oa au?aaaouaaaony ii
ea?aeiie nenoaia i?yaeaiey.
2) Iniiaiua oeceei-iaoaie/aneea naienoaa iniiaiie i?yaee eeiaeiie
ieioiinoueth 20 oaen i?aaenoaaeaiu a oaaeeoea 1.
Oaaeeoea 1.
Iniiaiua oeceei-iaoaie/aneea naienoaa iniiaiie i?yaee.
Iiieiaeue- Aeiionoeiia I?e eniuoaiee iaeeii/iie I?e eniuo.ianiu n
aeeeiie
iay eeiae- ioiin.ioeei- ieoe ieoe 100 i
iay ieio- iaiea eiiaee-
iinoue, oeeiiiie eei. Oaeae.?ac- Eiyo-o Iieaca- Oaeae.?ac- Eiyo-o
Iieaca-
ieioiinoe io ?ua. iaa- aa?ea- oaeue ?ua. iaa- aa?ea-
oaeue
oaen iiieiaeueiie, ?ocea oeee ii ea/ano- ?ocea oeee ii
ea/ano-
% ?ac?ua. aa ?ac?ua.
aa
nI/ an/ iaa?oc.(ia ia- nI/ an/ iaa?oc. (ia
ia-
oaen oaen % iaa) oaen oaen %
iaa)
20 +2,0 11,7 11,9 13,8 0,86 9,6 9,8 3,8
2,56
Enoi/iee: oaaeeoea 3 [7, n.8]
II) Ooi/iay i?yaea.
1) Niaeanii [4, n.25] ooi/iay i?yaea au?aaaouaaaony ii ea?aeiie nenoaia
i?yaeaiey.
2) Iniiaiua oeceei-iaoaie/aneea naienoaa ooi/iie i?yaee eeiaeiie
ieioiinoueth 20 oaen i?aaenoaaeaiu a oaaeeoea 2.
Oaaeeoea 2.
Iniiaiua oeceei-iaoaie/aneea naienoaa ooi/iie i?yaee.
Iiieiaeue- Aeiionoeiia I?e eniuoaiee iaeeii/iie I?e eniuo.ianiu n
aeeeiie
iay eeiae- ioiin.ioeei- ieoe ieoe 100 i
iay ieio- iaiea eiiaee-
iinoue, oeeiiiie eei. Oaeae.?ac- Eiyo-o Iieaca- Oaeae.?ac- Eiyo-o
Iieaca-
ieioiinoe io ?ua. iaa- aa?ea- oaeue ?ua. iaa- aa?ea-
oaeue
oaen iiieiaeueiie, ?ocea oeee ii ea/ano- ?ocea oeee ii
ea/ano-
% ?ac?ua. aa ?ac?ua.
aa
nI/ an/ iaa?oc.(ia ia- nI/ an/ iaa?oc. (ia
ia-
oaen oaen % iaa) oaen oaen %
iaa)
20 +2,0 11,3 11,5 13,8 0,83 9,3 9,5 3,8
2,5
Enoi/iee: oaaeeoea 6 [7, n.11]
5. Nu?uea aeey au?aaioee i?yaee.
5.1. Nu?uea aeey au?aaioee iniiaiie i?yaee.
I) Aeey iniiaiie i?yaee I ni?oa, eeiaeiie ieioiinoueth 20 oaen aeey
ea?aeiie nenoaiu i?yaeaiey, oaeaeueiay ?ac?uaiay iaa?ocea ?aaia [7,n.8]:
?iaino = 11,7 ni/oaen
II) Aeey aeaiiie eeiaeiie ieioiinoe i?yaee, au?aaaouaaaiie ii
iiaaiiiaoaie/aneiio niiniao i?yaeaiey, oeiiaua ni?oe?iaee eiatho aeae
[7, n.14]: 5-I, 5-II, 4-II.
I?e yoii noiia ii?ieia aeieaeia ninoaaeyoue ia aieaa 2,5%.
Aeieth ia?aiai eiiiiiaioa i?eiai ?aaiie (1=0,45; aeiey aoi?iai
eiiiiiaioa ninoaaeyao (2=0,35; ia aeieth o?aoueaai eiiiiiaioa
i?eoiaeeony (3=1-0,45-0,35=0,2.
III) Ia iniiaa aua?aiiie oeiiaie ni?oe?iaee ii oaaeeoea 10 [7, n.14]
aeey oeiiea 5 oeia auae?aai naeaeoeeiiiue ni?o 5 Ai-Naia?eaiae-2
(iaoeiiue niinia nai?a), a aeey oeiiea 4 oeia auae?aai naeaeoeeiiiue
ni?o 4 5904-E (?o/iie niinia nai?a).
IV) Iniiaiua iieacaoaee oaoiieiae/aneeo naienoa aieieii i?eaaaeaiu a
oaaeeoea 3.
Oaaeeoea 3.
Oaoiieiae/aneea naienoaa oeiieiaiai aieieia.
Naeaeoeeiiiue Ni?o Loo, Oa, ?a,
ni?o oeiiea ii ioaen nI
Ai-Naia?eaiae-2 I 33,7 172 4,3
Ai-Naia?eaiae-2 II 33,3 158 3,9
5904 – E II 36,9 156 4,1
Enoi/iee: oaae. 11 [7, n.16]
V) ?ann/eoaai ioiineoaeueioth ?ac?uaioth iaa?oceo i?yaee ii oi?ioea
i?io. Nieiaueaia A.I. n o/aoii iii?aai/iiai eiyooeoeeaioa (,
o/eouaathuaai no?iaiea i?yaee iiaaiiiaoaie/aneiai niiniaa i?yaeaiey [1,
n.9]:
?a 2,65 q
?i?an/ = *(1 – 0,0375 Ii – Oi? )*(1 – Loo )*E*(*(, aaea Oa
Oa
(1) ?a – ?ac?uaiay iaa?ocea aieieia, nI
?a = ?a1 * (1 + ?a2 * (2 + ?a3 * (3;
?a = 4,3*0,45+3,9*0,35+4,1*0,2=1,94+1,86+0,82 ( 5 nI.
(2) Oa – eeiaeiay ieioiinoue aieieia, oaen
Oa = Oa1 * (1 + Oa2 * (2 + Oa3 * (3;
Oa = 0,172*0,45+0,158*0,35+0,156*0,2=0,07+0,05+0,03 = 0,015 oaen.
(3) Loo – ooaiaeueiay aeeeia aieieia, ii
Loo = Loo1 * (1 + Loo2 * (2 + Loo3 * (3;
Loo = 33,7*0,45+33,3*0,35+36,9*0,2=15,5+11,7+7,4 ( 35ii.
(4) Ii – ia?iaiioa i?yaee ii ?ac?uaiie iaa?ocea a i?ioeaioao,
oa?aeoa?ecothuay aeeyiea oaoiieiae/aneiai i?ioeanna. Aeey
iiaaiiiaoaie/aneiai niiniaa i?yaeaiey Ii = 3…3,5%. I?eieiaai Ii=3%.
(5) Aeey oeiiea q = 5.
(6) E – eiyooeoeeaio, o/eouaathuee aeeyiea e?ooee; E = f((o – (e?),
aaea (e? – e?eoe/aneee eiyooeoeeaio e?ooee – ii?aaeaeytho ii
yiie?e/aneie oi?ioea i?io. Nieiaueaaa A.I., eioi?ay aeey
iiaaiiiaoaie/aneiai niiniaa i?yaeaiey eiaao aeae [7, n.23]:
(1900 – 70*?a)*?a + 57,2
(e? = 0,316( Loo (Oi? ];
(1900 – 70*5)*5 + 57,2
(e? = 0,316[ 35 (20 ]=0,316 * (221 + + 12,79) =
73,8.
(7) Ii oaaeeoea 22 [5, n.136] a niioaaonoaee n caaeaiiie eeiaeiie
ieioiinoueth i?yaee Oi? = 20oaen e ooaiaeueiie aeeeiie aieieia Loo =
35ii, oaeoe/aneee eiyooeoeeaio e?ooee (o i?eieiaai ?aaiui (o = 48,03.
(8) Oiaaea ((o – (e?) = 48,03-73,8 = -25,77, /oi niioaaonoaoao E=0,7
(oaaeeoea 12 [7, n.19]).
(9) ( – eiyooeoeeaio, oa?aeoa?ecothuee ninoiyiea iai?oaeiaaiey. I?e
ii?iaeueiii ninoiyiee iai?oaeiaaiey ( = 1.
(10) ( – iii?aai/iue eiyooeoeeaio, o/eouaathuee no?iaiea i?yaee
iiaaiiaoaie/aneiai niiniaa i?yaeaiey. A niioaaonoaii n oaae.15 [7, n.23]
i?e Oi? = 20oaen e (o = 48,03 i?eieiaai ( = 0,784.
(11) Oiaaea
5 2,65 5
?i?an = 0,15 * (1-0,0375*3 – 20 )*(1 – 35 )*0,7*1*0,784 =
0,15
=33,4*0,7*0,9*0,7*1*0,784 = 11,72 nI/oaen , /oi iiaeii n/eoaoue
i?eaieaiui, iineieueeo yoi cia/aiea ii/oe iieiinoueth niioaaonoaoao
cia/aieth oaeaeueiie ?ac?uaiie iaa?ocee, onoaiiaeaiiie AINOii.
5.2. Nu?uea aeey au?aaioee ooi/iie i?yaee.
I) Aeey ooi/iie i?yaee I ni?oa, eeiaeiie ieioiinoueth 20 oaen aeey
ea?aeiie nenoaiu i?yaeaiey, oaeaeueiay ?ac?uaiay iaa?ocea ?aaia [7,
n.11]: ?oaino = 11,3 ni/oaen
II) Aeey aeaiiie eeiaeiie ieioiinoe i?yaee, u?aaaouaaaiie ii
iiaaiiiiaoaie/aneiio niiniao i?yaeaiey, oeiiaua ni?oe?iaee eiatho aeae
[7, n.14]: 5-I, 5-II, 4-II.
I?e yoii noiia ii?ieia aeieaeia ninoaaeyoue ia aieaa 2,5%.
Aeieth ia?aiai eiiiiiaioa i?eiai ?aaiie (1=0,43; aeiey aoi?iai
eiiiiiaioa ninoaaeyao (2=0,3; ia aeieth o?aoueaai eiiiiiaioa i?eoiaeeony
(3=1-0,43-0,3=0,27.
III) Iineieueeo eeiaeiua ieioiinoe iniiaiie e ooi/iie i?yaee, a oaeaea e
oeiiaua ni?oe?iaee aeey au?aaioee iniiau e ooea niaiaaeatho, oi n
yeiiiie/aneie oi/ee c?aiey i?aaei?eyoeth auaiaeiaa anaai aeey au?aaioee
ooea eniieueciaaoue oaaea ni?oa oeiiea, /oi e aeey i?iecaiaenoaa iniiau.
IV) Iniiaiua iieacaoaee oaoiieiae/aneeo naienoa aieieii i?eaaaeaiu a
oaaeeoea 4.
Oaaeeoea 4.
Oaoiieiae/aneea naienoaa oeiieiaiai aieieia.
Naeaeoeeiiiue Ni?o Loo, Oa, ?a,
ni?o oeiiea ii ioaen nI
Ai-Naia?eaiae-2 I 33,7 172 4,3
Ai-Naia?eaiae-2 II 33,3 158 3,9
5904 – E II 36,9 156 4,1
Enoi/iee: oaae. 11 [7, n.16]
V) ?ann/eoaai ioiineoaeueioth ?ac?uaioth iaa?oceo i?yaee ii oi?ioea
i?io. Nieiaueaia A.I. n o/aoii iii?aai/iiai eiyooeoeeaioa (,
o/eouaathuaai no?iaiea i?yaee iiaaiiiaoaie/aneiai niiniaa i?yaeaiey
[1,n. 9]:
?a 2,65 q
?o?an/ = *(1 – 0,0375 Ii – Oi? )*(1 – Loo )*E*(*(, aaea Oa
Oa
(1) ?a – ?ac?uaiay iaa?ocea aieieia, nI
?a = ?a1 * (1 + ?a2 * (2 + ?a3 * (3;
?a = 4,3*0,43+3,9*0,3+4,1*0,27=1,92+1,3+1,57 ( 4,8 nI.
(2) Oa – eeiaeiay ieioiinoue aieieia, oaen
Oa = Oa1 * (1 + Oa2 * (2 + Oa3 * (3;
Oa = 0,172*0,43+0,158*0,3+0,156*0,27=0,06+0,05+0,041 = =0,151 oaen.
(3) Loo – ooaiaeueiay aeeeia aieieia, ii
Loo = Loo1 * (1 + Loo2 * (2 + Loo3 * (3;
Loo = 33,7*0,43+33,3*0,3+36,9*0,27=14,5+10,1+10,2 =34,8ii.
(4) Ii – ia?iaiioa i?yaee ii ?ac?uaiie iaa?ocea a i?ioeaioao,
oa?aeoa?ecothuay aeeyiea oaoiieiae/aneiai i?ioeanna. Aeey
iiaaiiiaoaie/aneiai niiniaa i?yaeaiey Ii = 3…3,5%. I?eieiaai Ii=3%.
(5) Aeey oeiiea q = 5.
(6) E – eiyooeoeeaio, o/eouaathuee aeeyiea e?ooee; E = f((o – (e?),
aaea (e? – e?eoe/aneee eiyooeoeeaio e?ooee – ii?aaeaeytho ii
yiie?e/aneie oi?ioea i?io. Nieiaueaaa A.I., eioi?ay aeey
iiaaiiiaoaie/aneiai niiniaa i?yaeaiey eiaao aeae [7, n.23]:
(1900 – 70*?a)*?a + 57,2
(e? = 0,316( Loo (Oi? ];
(1900 – 70*4,8)*4,8 + 57,2
(e? = 0,316[ 34,8 (20 ]=0,316 * *(215,7 + 12,79) =
72,2.
(7) Ii oaaeeoea 22 [5, n.136] a niioaaonoaee n caaeaiiie eeiaeiie
ieioiinoueth i?yaee Oi? = 20oaen e ooaiaeueiie aeeeiie aieieia Loo
=34,8ii, oaeoe/aneee eiyooeoeeaio e?ooee (o i?eieiaai ?aaiui (o = 48,03.
(8) Oiaaea ((o – (e?) = 48,03-72,2 = -24,17, /oi niioaaonoaoao E = 0,7
(oaaeeoea 12 [7, n.19]).
(9) ( – eiyooeoeeaio, oa?aeoa?ecothuee ninoiyiea iai?oaeiaaiey. I?e
ii?iaeueiii ninoiyiee iai?oaeiaaiey ( = 1.
(10) ( – iii?aai/iue eiyooeoeeaio, o/eouaathuee no?iaiea i?yaee
iiaaiiaoaie/aneiai niiniaa i?yaeaiey. A niioaaonoaii n oaae.15 [7, n.23]
i?e Oi? = 20oaen e (o = 48,03 i?eieiaai ( = 0,784.
(11) Oiaaea
4,8 2,65 5
?o?an = 0,15 * (1-0,0375*3 – 20 )*(1 – 34,8 )*0,7*1*0,784 =
0,15
=32,8*0,7*0,9*0,7*1*0,784 = 11,31 nI/oaen , /oi iiaeii n/eoaoue
i?eaieaiui, iineieueeo yoi cia/aiea ii/oe iieiinoueth niioaaonoaoao
cia/aieth oaeaeueiie ?ac?uaiie iaa?ocee, onoaiiaeaiiie AINOii.
6. Iioeiecaoeey ii noieiinoe ninoaaa niane ia YAI.
1) Iioeiecaoeey niane ii noieiinoe i?iaiaeeony ii oi?ioea 5 [7, n.24]:
N = ( Ni * (i , aaea
N – noieiinoue niane;
Ni – noieiinoue i-ai eiiiiiaioa niane;
(i – aeiey i-ai eiiiiiaioa niane.
2) Niaeanii oaae. 16 [7, n.24] noieiinoue iaeiie oiiiu oeiiea-aieieia
?aaia:
– aeey oeiiea 5 oeia I i?iiuoeaiiiai ni?oa N1 = 1990 ?oa/oiiio;
– aeey oeiiea 5 oeia II i?iiuoeaiiiai ni?oa N2 = 1910 ?oa/oiiio;
– aeey oeiiea 4 oeia II i?iiuoeaiiiai ni?oa N3 = 2010 ?oa/oiiio.
3) I?e iioeiecaoeee niane ii noieiinoe ia YAI auee iieo/aiu neaaeothuea
aeaiiua:
Iniiaa:
Ooie:
Iineieueeo a niioaaonoaee n [7, n.22] aeiey ia?aiai eiiiiiaioa niane ia
aeieaeia ?aaiyoueny ioeth, a aeiey aoi?iai e o?aoueaai eiiiiiaioia ia
iiaeao i?aauoaoue 35%. Iiyoiio ?acoeueoaou au/eneaiey ia YAI a
aeaeueiaeoeo ?an/aoao eniieueciaaoueny ia aoaeoo; a aianoi ieo aoaeoo
eniieueciaaoueny aeiee eieiiiaioia, iieo/aiiua a ioieoao 5.1. e 5.2.
ianoiyuae ?an/aoii-iiynieoaeueiie caienee. I?e yoii noieiinoue niane
aeey au?aaioee iniiau ninoaaeyao 1966 ?oa/oiiio, a aeey au?aaioee ooea
1971,4 ?oa/oiiio, /oi iaiueoa noieiinoe, iieo/aiiie ia YAI; yoi
iayniyaony oai, /oi oaa i?e iiaeai?a aeiee eiiiiiaioia ninoaaeyao
10-20%.
7. Ninoaaeaiea ieaia i?yaeaiey e auai? iai?oaeiaaiey.
7.1. Ninoaaeaiea ieaia i?yaeaiey.
1) Ninoaaei ieai i?yaeaiey n o/aoii oiai, /oi:
(1) iniiaiay e ooi/iay i?yaea au?aaaouaaaony ii ea?aeiie nenoaia
i?yaeaiey;
(2) au?aaioea ooi/iie e iniiaiie i?yaee i?aaeoniao?eaaao
iiaaiiiaoaie/aneee niinia i?yaeaiey;
(3) iineieueeo ieai i?yaeaiey ninoaaeyaony a caaeneiinoe io eeiaeiie
ieioiinoe i?yaee, a a aeaiiii neo/aa eeiaeiua ieioiinoe iniiau e ooea
niaiaaeatho, ia eiaao niunea ninoaaeyoue 2 ieaia i?yaeaiey ioaeaeueii
aeey iniiau e ooea.
Ia?aie/einy ninoaaeaieai iaeiiai ieaia i?yaeaiey, iiaeoiaeyuaai eae aeey
au?aaioee iniiau, oae e aeey au?aaioee ooea.
2) Ninoaaeyai ieai i?yaeaiey niaeanii “Ni?aai/ieea ii oeiieii?yaeaieth”
[2, n.55].
Iiaaiiiaoaie/aneay i?yaeeeueiay iaoeia III-120IN.
– Ii?aaeaeei e?ooeo ia iaoeia III-120IN:
E = (o * 100/(Oi? , aaea
(o – oaaee/iia cia/aiea eiyooeoeeaioa e?ooee. Niaeanii oaaeeoea 22 [5,
n.136] a niioaaonoaee n Oi? = 20oaen e Loo = 35ii i?eieiaai (o = 48,03.
Oiaaea E = 48,03*100/(20 = 1074 e?/i.
– Auoyaeea ia iaoeia III-120-IN ?aaia A = 172 [2, n.56].
– Nei?inoue auionea ?aaia 42,9 i/iei [2, n.257].
– *anoioa a?auaiey i?yaeeeueiie eaia?u ii?aaeaeyai ii oi?ioea
ni.e. = E * Vaui;
ni.e. = 1074 * 42,9 = 45000 ia/iei.
– E.?.I. i?eieiaai ?aaiui E.?.I.=0,97 [2, n.56].
– E.I.A. ia iaoeia III-120IN ?aaai E.I.A.=0,93 [2, n.56].
– I?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue iaeiiai i?yaeeeueiiai ono?ienoaa iaoeiu
ii?aaeaeei ii neaaeothuae oi?ioea [1, n.121] :
Vaui * Oi? * E.I.A. * Eo * 60
? = 1000 * 1000 , aaea
Eo – eiyooeoeeaio oe?ooee i?yaee, Eo=0,945 [1, n.121].
Oiaaea 42,9*20*0,93*0,945*60
? = 1000*1000 = 0,045 ea//an.
I?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue anae iaoeiu ?aaia
?i = m * ?, aaea
m – eiee/anoai i?yaeeeueiuo ono?ienoa ia iaoeia. I?eieiaai m=200 [2,
n.258].Oiaaea ?i = 200 * 0,045 = 9 ea//an.
Eaioi/iay iaoeia II-ai i?aoiaea E2-50-220OI.
– Eeiaeioth ieioiinoue au?aaaouaaaiie eaiou ii?aaeaeyai ii oi?ioea 6 [7,
n.29]:
Oe2 = Oi? * A/d , aaea
A – auoyaeea ia iaoeia III-120IN, A=172;
d – /enei neiaeaiee ia iaoeia III-120IN, d=1;
Cia/eo, Oe2 = 20*172/1 = 3440 oaen.
– Auoyaeeo ia iaoeia E2-50-220OI a niioaaonoaee n [2, n.55] i?eieiaai
?aaiie A=6.
– *enei neiaeaiee i?eieiaai d=6 [1, n.144].
– Nei?inoue auionea ia iaoeia E2-50-220OI i?eieiaai ?aaiie Vaui=318,2
i/iei [2, n.182].
– E.?.I. i?eieiaai ?aaiui E.?.I.=0,97 [2, n.55].
– E.I.A. i?eieiaai ?aaiui E.I.A.=0,78 [2, n.55].
– I?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue iaoeiu ii?aaeaeyai a niioaaonoaee n [1, n.74]
Oe2 * Vaui * 60 * E.I.A. * m
? = 1000 * 1000 , aaea
m – /enei auioneia ia iaoeia, m = 2 [2, n.172].
Oiaaea 3440*318,2*60*0,78*2
? = 1000*1000 = 102,5 ea//an.
Eaioi/iay iaoeia I-ai ia?aoiaea EA-54-500A.
– Eeiaeioth ieioiinoue au?aaaouaaaiie eaiou ii?aaeaeei ii oi?ioea 6 [7,
n.29]:
Oe1 = Oe2 * A/d , aaea
Oe2 – eeiaeiay ieioiinoue eaiou 2-ai ia?aoiaea, Oe2=3440 oaen;
A – auoyaeea ia iaoeia E2-50-220OI, A=6;
d – /enei neiaeaiee ia iaoeia E2-50-220OI, d=6.
Oiaaea Oe1 = 3440*6/6 = 3440 oaen.
– Auoyaeea ia iaoeia EA-54-500A ?aaia A=5,8 [1, n.144].
– Nei?inoue auionea ?aaia Vaui = 300 i/iei [2, n.58].
– I?eieiaai E.?.I. ?aaiui E.?.I.=0,985 [2, n.58].
– I?eieiaai E.I.A.?aaiui E.I.A.=0,84 [2, n.58].
– A niioaaonoaee n [1, n.74] i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue iaoeiu ii?aaeaeyaony
ii neaaeothuae oi?ioea:
Oe1 * Vaui * 60 * E.I.A. * m
? = 1000 * 1000 , aaea
m – /enei auioneia ia iaoeia, m = 1 [2, n.172].
Oiaaea 3440*300*60*0,84*1
? = 1000*1000 = 52,01 ea//an.
*anaeueiay iaoeia *IAe-4.
– Eeiaeiay ieioiinoue au?aaaouaaaiie eaiou ii?aaeaeyaony ii oi?ioea 6
[7, n.29]:
O/.e. = Oe1 * A/d , aaea
Oe1 – eeiaeiay ieioiinoue eaiou 1-ai ia?aoiaea, Oe1=3440oaen;
A – auoyaeea ia iaoeia EA-54-500A, A=5,8;
d – /enei neiaeaiee ia iaoeia EA-54-500A, d=6;
Oiaaea O/.e. = 3440*5,8/6 = 3325 oaen.
– Auoyaeeo ia iaoeia *IAe-4 i?eieiaai ?aaiie A=116 [2, n.58].
– Nei?inoue auionea ia iaoeia *IAe-4 ?aaia Vaui=110 i/iei [2, n.122].
– E.?.I. i?eieiaai ?aaiui E.?.I.=0,895 [2, n.58].
– E.I.A. ia iaoeia *IAe-4 ?aaai E.I.A.=0,93 [2, n.58].
– A niioaaonoaee n [1, n.51] i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue /anaeueiie iaoeiu
ii?aaeaeyaony ii neaaeothuae oi?ioea:
Vaui * O/.e. * 60 * E.I.A.
? = 1000 * 1000 ;
110*3325*60*0,93
? = 1000*1000 = 20,5 ea//an.
O?aiaeueiay iaoeia OA-3.
Iineieueeo ?ac?aaioeo i?iaeoia aeey au?aaioee no?iaie oeii/aoiaoiaaeiie
i?yaee ii ea?aeiie nenoaia i?yaeaiey neaaeoao aanoe i?e aoiea?iii
(aanoienoiaii) niiniaa ieoaiey /anaeueiuo iaoei, oi a ieaia i?yaeaiey
aeey o?aiaeueiie iaoeiu aiciiaeii oeacaoue oieueei:
– E.?.I. i?eieiaai ?aaiui E.?.I.=0,955 [2, n.58].
– E.I.A. i?eieiaai ?aaiui E.I.A.=0,94 [2, n.58].
– I?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue iaoeiu i?eieiaai ?aaiie ?=212 ea//an [2, n.58].
Ia iniiaa iieo/aiiuo aeaiiuo ninoaaei ieai i?yaeaiey aeey au?aaioee
iniiau e ooea.
7.2. Auai? iai?oaeiaaiey e aai oa?aeoa?enoeea.
I) O?aiaeueiay iaoeia OA-3.
O?aiaeueiay iaoeia OA-3 aeeth/aia a ninoaa ?ac?uoeeoaeueii-o?aiaeueiiai
aa?aaaoa, eioi?ue aianoa ni oeyii/iuie /anaeueiuie iaoeiaie aeeth/athony
a ninoaa iioi/iuo eeiee “eeia – /anaeueiay eaioa”. Aeey ea?aeiie nenoaiu
n iiaaiiiaoaie/aneei niiniaii i?yaeaiey ?ac?aaioaia II IEYEEIIAO
neaaeothuay iioi/iay eeiey [7, n.26]:
1) aaoiiaoe/aneee ieoaoaeue AI-36 /1 oo./
2) nianiaay iaoeia INI-8 /1 oo./
3) oanoeaa?aaaiiue iaeeiiiue i/enoeoaeue II-6-4I /1 oo./
4) ai?eciioaeueiue ?ac?uoeeoaeue A?-8 /1 oo./
5) ieeue/aoue ?ac?uoeeoaeue ?IO-I /1 oo./
6) iaaniueeaathuay iaoeia II /1 oo./
7) o?aiaeueiay iaoeia OA-3 /2 oo. – aieieienoue iioie iin?aaenoaii
iiaaiioe/aneiai ?ani?aaeaeeoaey aeaeeony ia 2 iioiea, iinooiathueo
ia?aeeaeueii ia 2 iaoeiu OA-3/.
8) n eaaeaeie o?aieaueiie iaoeiu aieieienoue iioie ?ani?aaeaeyaony ii
aoiea?ai 8 /anaeueiuo iaoei *IAe-4.
Noaiaoe/ii iioi/ioth eeieth iiaeii i?aaenoaaeoue neaaeothuei ia?acii:
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
7
1 2 3 4 5 6
7
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
Oaoie/aneay oa?aeoa?enoeea o?aiaeueiie iaoeiu OA-3 [9, n.54]:
/anoioa a?auaiey, ia/iei
iiaeaaiai aa?aaaia 715, 815, 920, 440,
480, 560
o?aiaea 1190, 1060, 930, 825.
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue, ea//an 150 – 200
onoaiiaeaiiay iiuiinoue, eAo 4,1
niinia oaeaeaiey oaa?ia aaoiiaoe/aneee
?aai/ay oe?eia, ii 1000
aaaa?eoiue ?acia?u iaoeiu, ii:
aeeeia 3565
oe?eia 1790
aunioa 2840
Ianna iaoeiu, ea, ia aieaa 2700.
II) *anaeueiay iaoeia *IAe-4.
Ia iaoeia inouanoaeyaony i?ioeann ea?aei/anaiey, o.a. ?acuaaeeiaiey
niooaiiuo aieieii, oaeaeaiea i?eianae e ei?ioeeo aieieii, /anoe/iia
?ani?yieaiea aieieii e eo i?eaioaoeey. Iaeiia?aiaiii n yoei i?ienoieaeeo
aeaeueiaeoaa niaoeaaiea aieieii, i?aia?aciaaiea eo a eaioo e
au?aaieaaiea au?aaaouaaaiiai i?iaeoeoa ii eeiaeiie ieioiinoe.
Oaoie/aneay oa?aeoa?enoeea aeaooaa?aaaiiie /anaeueiie iaoeiu [2, n.111]:
?aai/ay oe?eia iaoeiu, ii 1000
aeeaiao?u ?aai/eo i?aaiia ii iaoaeeo, ii:
oienoiaiai aaeeea 152
ieoathuaai oeeeeiae?a 57
i?eaiiiai aa?aaaia 222
?aai/aai aaeeea 80
/enoeoaeueiiai aaeeea 52
ia?aiai e aoi?iai aeaaiuo aa?aaaiia 662
nuaiiiai e nuaiii-ia?aaeathuaai aa?aaaiia 226
nuaiiiai aa?aaaia 164
nuaiii-ia?aaeathuaai aaeeea 76
aeaaeeueiuo aaeia 77
ieoathuaai oeeeeiae?a auoyaeiiai i?eai?a 60
auoyaeiiai oeeeeiae?a auoyaeiiai i?eai?a 36
iethueeueiuo aaeeeia eaioioeeaae/eea 55
aeeeia ?aai/ae a?aie ieoathuaai noieeea, ii 33,6
/enei oeyiie ia ia?aii oeyi. iieioia 74
/enei oeyiie ia aoi?ii oeyi. iieioia 60
nei?inoue aeaeaeaiey oeyi. iieioia, ii/iei:
ia?aiai 63,5-243
aoi?iai 37-120
aeeeia ia?a?aa. oeii. aieieia, ii 28/29-34/35
eei. ieioiinoue aie. neiy ia ieoaiee,eoaen 455-345
eei.ieioiinoue eaiou, eoaen 5-3,33
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue, ea//an aei 30
aaaa?eoiua ?acia?u n eaioioeeaae/eeii, ii:
i?e aeeaiao?a oaca 500 600
aeeeia 4380 4450
oe?eia 1710 1790
aunioa 1550 1550
ianna iaoeiu 5500 5530.
III) Eaioi/iay iaoeia 1-ai ia?aoiaea EA-54-500A e 2-ai ia?aoiaea
E2-50-220OI.
Eaioi/iua iaoeiu i?aaeaiacia/aiu aeey auoyaeaaiey e neiaeaiey eaio.
I?ioeann auoyaeaaiey inouanoaeyaony n oeaeueth ooiiaiey eaio, a oaeaea
?ani?yieaiey e ia?aeeaeecaoeee aieieii.
Iaoeia E2-50-220OI eiaao aaoinuai ia?aaioaiiuo oacia, a iaoeia
EA-54-500A niaaaeaia nenoaiie aaoiiaoe/aneiai ?aaoee?iaaiey oieueiu
au?aaaouaaaiie eaiou.
Oaoie/aneay oa?aeoa?enoeea iaoei EA-54-500A e E2-50-220OI [2, n.172]:
EA-54-500A E2-50-220OI
/enei auioneia 1 2
aeeeia ia?a?aa. aieeia, ii 27/28-40/41 24/28-40/41
eei. ieioiinoue ieo. e aui. eaiou 2,86-5 3,1-5
iauay auoyaeea 5,5-8,5 3,34-8,48
/enei neiaeaiee 6-8 6-8
nei?inoue auionea, i/iei 220-410 300-500
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue, ea//an 46-193 150
aeeaiao?u oeeeeiae?ia auoyae.i?eai?a,ii 50,28,40 54,39,44
aeeaiao?u iaaeeiiuo aaeeei, ii 32, 28,28 32,28,32
aeeaiao?u iethueeueiuo aaeia eeiee, ii
ia?aie 50,5 –
aoi?ie 50 –
?acia?u oaca ia ieoaiee, ii
aeeaiao? 500 500
aunioa 1000 1000
?acia?u oaca ia auionea, ii:
aeeaiao? 220 500,914
aunioa 900,1000 1000,1067
aaaa?eoiua ?acia?u, ii:
aeeeia 5260 4200
oe?eia 1760 1766
aunioa 2200 1720
IV. I?yaeeeueiay iiaaiiiaoaie/aneay iaoeia III-120 IN.
I?yaeeeueiay iaoeia i?aaeiacia/aia aeey iieo/aiey ieii/aoaeueiiai
i?iaeoeoa i?yaeeeueiiai i?iecaiaenoaa – i?yaee. Iia eniieuecoaony aeey
au?aaioee ea?aeiie i?yaee ec oeiieiaiai aieieia n?aaeiaaieieienouo
ni?oia. Iaoeia III-120 IN iniauaia ono?ienoaaie iieoaaoiiaoe/aneie
eeeaeaeaoeee ia?uaa i?yaee e iaoaieciaie ieoaioaiaea i?e niaia aiaei e
?aca?aiie iaiioee.
Oaoie/aneay oa?aeoa?enoeea iaoeiu III-120 IN [2, n.257]:
eei. ieioiinoue au?aaaoua. i?yaee, oaen
ec oeiieiaiai aieieia 100-15,4
ec oeie/aneeo aieieii 72-18,5
aeeeia ia?a?aa. aieieia, ii 25-40
auoyaeea (?an/aoiay) 34.5-259,7
/enei e?o/aiee ia 1 iao? 345-1610
eei. ieioiinoue i?a?aa. eaiou, eoaen 5-2,2
iaeaie. nei?inoue auionea, i/iei 61
/anoioa a?auaiey i?yae. eaia?u, ia/iei 40000-45000
/anoioaa?auaiey aeene?ao.aa?aaai/eeia 5000-9000
iaenei. /enei i?yaeee. ono?ienoa 200
aeeaiao? eaia?u i?yaeee. ono?ienoaa, ii 67,54
?acia? ieoathuae iaeiaee, ii 214o900
ianna eaiou a oaco, ea 3-6
?acia?u oeeeeiae. eaoooee aeey i?yaee, ii:
aiaoiee aeeaiao? 56
aeeeia 98
?acia?u oeeeei. aiaeiu n i?yaeae, ii 220o250o85
ianna i?yaee ia eaoooea, ea 1,5-2
aaaa?eoiua ?acia?u, ii:
aeeeia 14885
oe?eia n oacaie 1040
aunioa 1800
ianna iaoeiu, ea 5000
8. Ninoaaeaiea oaaeeoeu auoiaeia iieooaa?eeaoia e i?yaee e
?an/ao eiyooeoeeaioa caaiia.
8.1. Iniiaiay i?yaea.
1) Iineieueeo aua?aiiay iaie nianue ninoieo ec ianeieueeeo eiiiiiaioia n
?acee/ui auoiaeii aeey eaaeaeiai eiiiiiaioa, oi aeey ii?aaeaeaiey
auoiaea i?yaee ec niane ainiieuecoainy oi?ioeie 9 [7,n.30]: Ani = ( Ai
* (i, aaea
Ai – auoiae i?yaee i-ai eiiiiiaioa niane;
(i – aeiey i-ai eiiiiiaioa.
2) ?an/ao ii?i auoiaea i?yaee, ia?aoia e iooiaeia ec niane i?iecaaaeai a
oaaeeoea 6. Oaaeeoea 6.
Ii?iu auoiaea iniiaiie i?yaee, ia?aoia e iooiaeia ec niane, %.
Aeae i?iaeoeoa e I?iiuoeaiiue ni?o Auoiae
iooiaeia oeiieiaiai aieieia ec niane
I II
Ia?aou, anaai 1,14 1,45 1,31*
a oii /enea:
iooiaeu ?ac?uo.-o?ai.aa?aa. 0,3 0,5 0,41
?aaiue eaiou 0,84 0,95 0,9
Iooiaeu i?yaeiiua 7,8 9,04 8,48
a oii /enea:
iu/ea 0,01 0,02 0,01
ea?aeiue i/an 2,4 2,6 2,51
i?aoae e o?aiaeueiue ioo 3,73 4,15 3,96
i?aoae e /anaeueiue ioo 1,46 2,02 1,77
/enoay iiaeiaoue 0,1 0,15 0,13
iooaiea 0,1 0,1 0,1
Iooiaeu aaoiua 0,23 0,29 0,26
a oii /enea:
ioo n /anaeueiuo iaeie
aa?oieo aaeeeia e /enoeoaeae 0,08 0,09 0,08
caa?yciaiiay iiaeiaoue 0,15 0,2 0,18
I?i/ea iooiaeu(iiaeaaeueiue
ioo n oeeueo?ia, a?yciay
e ianeyiay iiaeiaoue 0,4 0,45 0,43
Iaaeaeeiua iooiaeu 1 2,1 1,61
Anaai iooiaeu e ia?aou 10,57 13,33 12,09
I?yaea 89,43 86,67 87,91
* 1,31 = 1,14*0,45 + 1,45 *(0,35+0,2)
Enoi/iee: oaaeeoea 18 [7, n.31]
3) ?ani?aaeaeei ia?aou e iooiaeu ii ia?aoiaeai ia?aaioee a niioaaonoaee
n ieaiii i?yaeaiey e ninoaaei oaaeeoeo 7.
Oaaeeoea 7.
?an/ao eiyooeoeeaioa caaiia iieooaa?eeaoia aeey au?aaioee
iniiaiie i?yaee.
Iaeiaiiaaiea ia?a- Anaai
A oii /enea ii ia?a oiaeai
oia e iooiaeia
ni?oe-?iaea o?aia-iea /ana-iea eaioi/-iue I eaioi/-iue II i?yaee-eueiue
Iooiaeu ?ac?uoeeoaeueii-o?aiaeueiiai aa?aaaoa 0,41 – 0,246
0,164 – – –
?aaiue eaiou 0,9 – – 0,36 0,225 0,18 0,135
Iu/ea 0,01 – – – – – 0,01
Ea?aeiue i/an 2,51 – – 2,51 – – –
I?aoae e o?aiaeueiue ioo 3,96 – 3,96 – – – –
I?aoae e /anaeueiue ioo 1,77 – – 1,77 – – –
*enoay iiaeiaoue 0,13 – – 0,0325 0,0195 0,0195 0,0585
Iooaiea 0,1 – – – – – 0,1
Ioo n /an.iaeie, aa?oieo
aaeeeia e /enoeoaeae 0,08 – – 0,02 0,024 0,024 0,012
Caa?yciaiiay iiaeiaoue 0,18 – 0,18 – – – –
I?i/ea iooiaeu 0,43 0,43 – – – – –
Iaaeaeeiua iooiaeu 1,61 0,644 0,564 0,4025 – – –
Anaai iooiaeia e ia?aoia 12,09 1,074 4,95 5,259 0,2685 0,2235 0,3155
Auoiae iieooaa?eeaoia
e i?yaee
98,93 93,98 88,72 88,45 88,23 87,91
Eiyooeoeeaio caaiia
1,13 1,07 1,01 1,01 1,004 1
Enoi/iee: oaaeeoea 21 [7, n. 34]
8.2. Ooi/iay i?yaea.
1) ?an/ao ii?i auoiaea i?yaee, ia?aoia e iooiaeia ec niane aieieia
i?iecaaaeai a oaaeeoea 8.
Oaaeeoea 8 .
Ii?iu auoiaea ooi/iie i?yaee, ia?aoia e iooiaeia ec niane, %.
Aeae i?iaeoeoa e I?iiuoeaiiue ni?o Auoiae
iooiaeia oeiieiaiai aieieia ec niane
I II
Ia?aou, anaai 1,14 1,45 1,32*
a oii /enea:
iooiaeu ?ac?uo.-o?ai.aa?aa. 0,3 0,5 0,42
?aaiue eaiou 0,84 0,95 0,9
Iooiaeu i?yaeiiua 7,8 9,04 8,51
a oii /enea:
iu/ea 0,01 0,02 0,016
ea?aeiue i/an 2,4 2,6 2,51
i?aoae e o?aiaeueiue ioo 3,73 4,15 3,97
i?aoae e /anaeueiue ioo 1,46 2,02 1,78
/enoay iiaeiaoue 0,1 0,15 0,13
iooaiea 0,1 0,1 0,1
Iooiaeu aaoiua 0,23 0,29 0,26
a oii /enea:
ioo n /anaeueiuo iaeie
aa?oieo aaeeeia e /enoeoaeae 0,08 0,09 0,08
caa?yciaiiay iiaeiaoue 0,15 0,2 0,18
I?i/ea iooiaeu(iiaeaaeueiue
ioo n oeeueo?ia, a?yciay
e ianeyiay iiaeiaoue 0,4 0,45 0,43
Iaaeaeeiua iooiaeu 1 2,1 1,62
Anaai iooiaeu e ia?aou 10,57 13,33 12,14
I?yaea 89,43 86,67 87,86
* 1,32 = 1,14*0,43 + 1,45 *(0,3+0,27)
Enoi/iee: oaaeeoea 18 [7, n.31]
2) ?ani?aaeaeei ia?aou e iooiaeu ii ia?aoiaeai ia?aaioee a niioaaonoaee
n ieaiii i?yaeaiey e ninoaaei oaaeeoeo 9.
Oaaeeoea 9.
?an/ao eiyooeoeeaioa caaiia iieooaa?eeaoia aeey au?aaioee
ooi/iie i?yaee.
Iaeiaiiaaiea ia?a- Anaai
A oii /enea ii ia?a oiaeai
oia e iooiaeia
ni?oe-?iaea o?aia-iea /ana-iea eaioi/-iue I eaioi/-iue II i?yaee-eueiue
Iooiaeu ?ac?uoeeoaeueii-o?aiaeueiiai aa?aaaoa 0,42 – 0,252
0,168 – – –
?aaiue eaiou 0,9 – – 0,36 0,225 0,18 0,135
Iu/ea 0,016 – – – – – 0,016
Ea?aeiue i/an 2,51 – – 2,51 – – –
I?aoae e o?aiaeueiue ioo 3,97 – 3,97 – – – –
I?aoae e /anaeueiue ioo 1,78 – – 1,78 – – –
*enoay iiaeiaoue 0,13 – – 0,0325 0,0195 0,0195 0,0585
Iooaiea 0,1 – – – – – 0,1
Ioo n /an.iaeie, aa?oieo
aaeeeia e /enoeoaeae 0,08 – – 0,02 0,024 0,024 0,012
Caa?yciaiiay iiaeiaoue 0,18 – 0,18 – – – –
I?i/ea iooiaeu 0,43 0,43 – – – – –
Iaaeaeeiua iooiaeu 1,62 0,648 0,567 0,405 – – –
Anaai iooiaeia e ia?aoia 12,14 1,078 4,969 52,755 0,2685 0,2235 0,3215
Auoiae iieooaa?eeaoia
e i?yaee
98,92 93,95 88,67 88,4 88,18 87,86
Eiyooeoeeaio caaiia
1,13 1,07 1,01 1,01 1,004 1
Enoi/iee: oaaeeoea 21 [7, n. 34]
9. Oaoiieiae/aneee ?an/ao eaioi/iie iaoeiu 2-ai i?aoiaea E2-50-220OI.
Aeey ?an/aoa iaoeiu E2-50-220OI ainiieuecoainy eeiaiaoe/aneie noaiie,
i?eaaaeaiiie a [8, n.32].
I. Ii?aaeaeei iauoth auoyaeeo ia iaoeia e /enei coaueaa niaiiie
auoyaeiie oanoa?ie Za1.
1) Ai = Oao * d/Oauo; Ai = 3440*6/3440 = 6.
2) N ae?oaie noi?iiu, d5 0,052 46 Za1 55
Ai = d1 * i1-5 = 0,044 * 21 * 38 * 38 =
=0,1*Za1.
Cia/eo, CONSTAi = 0,1.
3) Oae eae Ai = 6 e Ai = 0,1*Za1, oi
0,1*Za1 = 6 ( Za1 = 60 coaueaa.
II. Ii?aaeaeei /enei coaueaa niaiiie auoyaeiie oanoa?ie Za2.
Iineieueeo iaiin?aaenoaaiiue ?an/ao Za2 cao?oaeiai, oi a niioaaonoaee n
[8, n.16] ia?aoth /anoioth auoyaeeo i?eiai ?aaiie A1 = 1,21.
Oiaaea Za2 = 78,2/1,21 = 64,6. I?eieiaai Za2=65 coaueaa.
III. Ii?aaeaeei /anoiua auoyaeee ia iaoeia.
1) i?iiaaeooi/iue oeeeeiae? (2) – ieoathuee oeeeeiae? (1)
d2 0,028 48 53 58
A1 = d1 * i1-2 = 0,044 * 48 * 65 * 25 = 1,2
2) auioneiie oeeeeiae? (3) – i?iiaaeooi/iue oeeeeiae? (2)
d3 0,05 25 65 48 46 60 55
A2 = d2 * i2-3 = 0,028 * 58 * 53 * 48 * 21 * 38 * 34 = 5,28.
3) aeaaeeee aae (4) – auioneiie oeeeeiae? (3)
d4 0,0505 34
A3 = d3 * i3-4 = 0,05 * 34 = 1,01.
4) aaeee eaioioeeaae/eea (5) – aeaaeeee aae(4)
d5 0,052 34
A4 = d4 * i4-5 = 0,0505 * 38 = 0,92.
5) I?iaa?ei iauoth auoyaeeo
Ai = A1*A2*A3*A4 = 1,2*5,28*1,01*0,92 = 5,99 ( 6.
IV. Ii?aaeaeei /anoiou a?auaiey e nei?inoe anao ?aai/eo i?aaiia.
1) ieoathuee oeeeeiae? (1)
180 38 21
n1 = 1450 * 190 * 0,98 * 60 * 46 = 327,8 ia/iei;
V1 = ( * d1 * n1 = 3,14*0,044*327,8 = 45,3 i/iei.
2) i?iiaaeooi/iue oeeeeiae? (2)
48 53 58
n2 = n1 * 48 * 65 * 25 = 620,1 ia/iei;
V2 = ( * d2 * n2 = 3,14*0,028*620,1 = 54,5 i/iei.
3) auioneiie oeeeeiae? (3)
180 55
n3 = 1450 * 190 * 0,98 * 34 = 2177,7 ia/iei;
V3 = ( * d3 * n3 = 3,14*0,05*2177,7 = 341,9 i/iei.
4) aeaaeeee aae (4)
n4 = n3 * 34/34 = 2177,7 ia/iei;
V4 = ( * d4 * n4 = 3,14*0,0505*2177,7 = 345,3 i/iei.
5) aaeee eaioioeeaae/eea (5)
n5 = n4 * 34/38 = 2177,7*34/38 = 1948,5 ia/iei;
V5 = ( * d5 * n5 = 3,14*0,052*1948,5 = 318,2 i/iei.
V. Ii?aaeaeei aeeeio iinooiathuaai e au?aaaouaaaiiai i?iaeoeoa a oaco.
1) Aeeeia iinooiathuae eaiou ?aaia
Lieo = Gieo * 1000/Oao, aaea
Gieo – ianna eaiou a ieoathuai oaco. A niioaaonoaee n [8, n.16] Gieo =
11,1 ea; Oao = 3440 oaen.
Oiaaea Lieo = 11,1*1000/3440 = 3,227 ei = 3227 i.
2) Aeeeia au?aaaouaaaaiie eaiou ?aaia
Lauo = Gauo * 1000/Oauo, aaea
Gauo – ianna au?aaaouaaaiie eaiou a oaco. A niioaaonoaee n [8, n.16]
Gauo = 5,6 ea; Oauo = 3440 oaen.
Oiaaea Lauo = 5,6*1000/3440 = 1,628 ei = 1628 i.
VI. Ii?aaeaeei a?aiy n?aaaouaaiey ieoathuae iaeiaee e a?aiy ia?aaioee
auioneiie iaeiaee.
1) a?aiy n?aaaouaaiey oaca ii?aaeaeei ii oi?ioea:
tn? = Lieo/V1 = 3227/45,3 = 71 ieioo = 1 /an 11 iei.
2) a?aiy ia?aaioee oaca
ti = Lauo/V5 = 1628/318,2 = 5 iei.
VII. Ii?aaeaeei i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue iaoeiu
? = Vaui * Oauo * 60 * E.I.A. * m/1000000 , aaea
m – /enei auioneia ia iaoeia, m = 2 [2, n.172];
Vaui – nei?inoue aaeeea eaioioeeaae/eea, Vaui = V5 = 318,2 i/iei;
E.I.A. = 0,78 [2, n.55];
Oiaaea ? = 318,2*3440*60*0,78*2/1000000 = 102,5 ea//an.
10. Oaoiieiae/aneee ?an/ao iiaaiiiaoaie/aneie i?yaeeeueiie iaoeiu
III-120IN.
Aeey ?an/aoa iaoeiu III-120IN ainiieuecoainy eeiaiaoe/aneie noaiie,
i?eaaaeaiiie a [8, n.35].
I. Ii?aaeaeei iauoth auoyaeeo ia iaoeia e /enei coaueaa niaiiie
auoyaeiie oanoa?ie Za.
1) Ai = Oao * d/Oauo; Ai = 3440*1/20 = 172.
2) N ae?oaie noi?iiu, d4 0,065 48 24 31 80
Ai = d1 * i1-4 = 0,0253 * 3
* 29 * 25 * Za *
80 45 45 25 25 75 25 3277,8
*54 * 45 * 27 * 31 * 31 * 100 * 31 = Za.
Cia/eo, CONSTAi = 3277,8.
3) Oae eae Ai = 172 e Ai = 3277,8/Za, oi
172*Za = 3277,8 ( Za = 20 coaueaa.
II. Ii?aaeaeei e?ooeo e /enei coaueaa niaiiie e?ooeeueiie oanoa?ie Ze.
1) E?ooea ii?aaeaeyaony ii neaaeothuae oi?ioea:
E = (o *100/(Oi?, aaea
(o – eiyooeoeeaio e?ooee, (o = 48,03 (oaaeeoea 22 [5, n.136]).
Oiaaea E = 48,03*100/(20 = 1074 e?/i.
2) N ae?oaie noi?iiu, E = n3/V4 ,aaea
n3 = 2840 * 159/10 = 45000 ia/iei.
140 22 42 Ze 25 25 75 25
V4 =2840 * 176 * 0,98 * 41 * 69 * 80 * 31 * 31 * 100 * 31 * 3,14 *
*0,065 = 0,74*Ze.
3) Cia/eo, 45000 61643,8
E = 0,74*Ze = Ze .
4) Oae eae E=1074 e?/i e E=61643,8/Ze, oi
1074*Ze = 61643,8 ( Ze = 58 coaueaa.
III. Ii?aaeaeei /anoiou a?auaiey e nei?inoe anao ?aai/eo i?aaiia.
1) ieoathuee aaeee (1)
140 22 42 58 27 45 54 20 25
n1 =2840 * 176 * 0,98 * 41 * 69 * 80 * 45 * 45 * 80 * 80 * 31 *
29 3
* 24 * 48 = 3,2 ia/iei;
V1 = ( * d1 * n1 = 3,14*0,0253*3,2 = 0,25 i/iei.
2) aeene?aoece?othuee aaeee (2)
n2 = 1430 * 159/23,5 = 9675,3 ia/iei;
V2 = ( * d2 * n2 = 3,14*0,065*9675,3 = 1974,7 i/iei.
3) i?yaeeeueiay eaia?a (3)
n3 = 2840 * 159/10 = 45000 ia/iei;
V3 = ( * d3 * n3 = 3,14*0,054*45000 = 7630,2 i/iei.
4) auioneiie aae (4)
V4 = 0,74*Ze = 0,74*58 = 42,9 i/iei;
n4 = V4/(( * d4) = 42,9/(3,14*0,065) = 204,8 ia/iei.
IV. Ii?aaeaeei /anoiua auoyaeee ia iaoeia.
1) Auoyaeea aeene?aoecaoeee (auoyaeea iaaeaeo aeene?aoece?othuei aaeeeii
(2) e ieoathuei aaeeeii oeeeeiae? (1))
Aae = V2/V1 = 1974,7/0,25 = 7898,8
2) Auoyaeea o?ainii?oe?iaaiey (auoyaeea iaaeaeo i?yaeeeueiie eaia?ie (3)
e aeene?aoece?othuei aaeeeii (2))
Ao? = V3/V2 = 7630,2/1974,7 = 3,9.
3) Auoyaeea oi?ie?iaaiey (auoyaeea iaaeaeo auioneiui aaeii (4) e
i?yaeeeueiie eaia?ie (3))
Ao = V4/V3 = 42,9/7630,2 = 0,0056.
4) I?iaa?ei iauoth auoyaeeo
Ai = Aae*Ao?*Ao = 7898,8*3,9*0,0056 = 172,01 ( 172.
V. Ii?aaeaeei /enei neiaa a oi/ea nuaia.
d = V3/V4 = Eo/Ao, aaea
Eo – eiyooeoeeaio oe?ooee i?yaee, Eo=0,945 [1, n.121]
Oiaaea d = 0,945/0,0056 = 169 neiaa.
VI. Ii?aaeaeei eiyooeoeeaio aeene?aoecaoeee.
Eiyooeoeeaio aeene?aoecaoeee ii?aaeaeyaony ii neaaeothuae oi?ioea [1,
n.112]: Eae = Oa * Aae * Ao?/ Oe2, aaea
Oa – eeiaeiay ieioiinoue aieieieoiai neiy, oaen. I?e n?aaeiae eeiaeiie
ieioiinoe aieieii Oa=0,2 oaen;
Oe2 – eeiaeiay ieioiinoue eaiou 2-ai ia?aoiaea,oaen. Oe2=3440 oaen;
Oiaaea Eae = 0,2*7898,8*3,9/3440 = 1,79.
VII. Ii?aaeaeei aeeeio iinooiathuaai e au?aaaouaaaiiai i?iaeoeoa ia
iaeiaea.
1) Aeeeia ieoathuae eaiou ?aaia Lieo = Gieo * 1000/Oao, aaea
Gieo-ianna eaiou a ieoathuai oaco. A niioaaonoaee n [2,n.258] Gieo=3
ea; Oao = 3440 oaen.
Oiaaea Lieo = 3*1000/3440 = 0,872 ei = 872 i.
2) Aeeeia au?aaaouaaaiie i?yaee ?aaia Li? = Gi? * 1000/Oi?, aaea
Gi? – ianna au?aaaouaaaiie i?yaee ia aiaeia. A niioaaonoaee n [2,n.259]
Gi? = 1,5 ea; Oi? = 20 oaen.
Oiaaea Li? = 1,5*1000/20 = 75 ei = 75000 i.
VIII. Ii?aaeaeei a?aiy n?aaaouaaiey oaca n eaioie e a?aiy iaiaouaaiey
aiaeiu n i?yaeae.
1) a?aiy n?aaaouaaiey oaca ii?aaeaeei ii oi?ioea [6, n.70]:
tn? = Lieo/V1 = 872/0,25 = 3488 ieioo = 58 /an 81 iei.
2) a?aiy iaiaouaaiey aiaeiu n i?yaeae ii?aaeaeyai a niioaaonoaee n [6,
n.70]:
ti = Li? /(Eo*V4) = 75000/(42,9*0,945) = 1850 iei. = 30 /an 50 iei.
IX. Ii?aaeaeei i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue iaoeiu
? = Vaui * Oi? * 60 * Eo * E.I.A. * m/1000000 , aaea
m – /enei auioneia ia iaoeia, m = 200 [2, n.258];
Vaui – nei?inoue auioneiiai aaea, Vaui = V4 = 42,9 i/iei;
E.I.A. = 0,93 [2, n. 56];Eo = 0,945 [1, n.121]
Oiaaea ? = 42,9*20*0,945*60*0,93*200/1000000 = 9 ea//an.
11. ?an/ao eiee/anoaa niane, iieooaa?eeaoia e i?yaee,
au?aaaouaaaiuo a 1 /an.
1) Niaeanii caaeaieth ia oaa?eea onoaiiaeaii N = 800 oeaoeeeo noaieia.
2) Niaeanii [3, n.472] oeaiue a?o.34 au?aaaouaaaony ia noaiea AOI?-100.
A niioaaonoaee n [4, n.324] i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue oeaoeeiai noaiea
AOI?-100 ?aaia ?no = 7,46 i//an.
3) Niaeanii ioieoo 1 ianoiyuae ?an/aoii-iiynieoaeueiie caienee ?anoiae
iniiaiie i?yaee ia 100 iiaiiiuo iao?ia no?iaie oeaie (aac iooiaeia)
ninoaaeyao qi = 4,848 ea/100iia.i.; a ?anoiae ooi/iie i?yaee ia 100
iiaiiiuo iao?ia no?iaie oeaie ninoaaeyao qo = 5,341 ea/100iia.i.
4) Iauee iao?aae oeaie, au?aaaouaaaiue ia oeaoeeie oaa?eea a 1 /an,
ii?aaeaeei ii oi?ioea 18 [7, n.39]:
L = ?no * N = 7,46 * 800 = 5968 i//an.
5) Iauee ?aoiae iniiau aeey au?aaioee oeaie ii?aaeaeei ii oi?ioea 19 [7,
n.39]: Gi = L * qi/100 = 5968 * 4,848/100 = 279,4 ea//an.
6) Iauee ?anoiae ooea aeey au?aaioee oeaie ii?aaeaeei ii oi?ioea 19 [7,
n.39]: Go = L * qo/100 = 5968 * 5,341/100 = 314,3 ea//an.
7) Eiee/anoai niane e iieooaa?eeaoia ii?aaeaeei enoiaey ec eiee/anoaa
au?aaaouaaaiuo iniiau e ooea ii oi?ioea 20 [7, n.40]:
Gi.o.i. = Gi * Ec; Gi.o.o. = Go * Ec, aaea
Gi.o.i. – eiee/anoai iieooaa?eeaoia, iaiaoiaeeiia aeey au?aaioee Gi ea
iniiau;
Gi.o.o. – eiee/anoai iieooaa?eeaoia, iaiaoiaeeiia aeey au?aaioee Go ea
ooea;
Ec – eiyooeoeeaio caaiia niioaaonoaothuaai ia?aoiaea.
Iniiaa ( Ec oeacaiu a oaaeeoea 7).
– *anaiea: G/.e.i. = Gi * Ec = 279,4 * 1,01 = 282,2 ea//an.
– Eaioi/iue I: Ge1.i. = Gi * Ec = 279,4 * 1,01 = 282,2 ea//an.
– Eaioi/iue II: Ge2.i. = Gi * Ec = 279,4 * 1,004 = 280,5 ea//an.
Ooie ( Ec oeacaiu a oaaeeoea 9.)
– *anaiea: G/.e.o. = Go * Ec = 314,3 * 1,01 = 317,4 ea//an.
– Eaioi/iue I: Ge1.o. = Go * Ec = 314,3 * 1,01 = 317,4 ea//an.
– Eaioi/iue II: Ge2.o. = Go * Ec = 314,3 * 1,004 = 315,5 ea//an.
12. ?an/ao eiee/anoaa iaoei ii anai ia?aoiaeai.
I. ?an/aoioth i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue iaoeiu ii?aaeaeei ii oi?ioea 22 [7,
n.40]: ?? = ?o * e.?.i., aaea
?o – oaeoe/aneay i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue iaoeiu;
e.?.i. – eiyooeoeeaio ?aaioathuaai iai?oaeiaaiey.
1) *anaeueiay iaoeia *IAe-4.
A niioaaonoaee n ioieoii 7.1. ianoiyuae ?an/aoii-iiynieoaeueiie caienee
?o = 20,5 ea//an e e.?.i.=0,895.
Oiaaea ?? = 20,5 * 0,895 = 18,3 ea//an.
2) Eaioi/iay iaoeia 1-ai ia?aoiaea EA-54-500A.
A niioaaonoaee n ioieoii 7.1. ianoiyuae ?an/aoii-iiynieoaeueiie caienee
?o = 52,01 ea//an e e.?.i.=0,985.
Oiaaea ?? = 52,01 * 0,985 = 51,2 ea//an.
3) Eaioi/iay iaoeia 2-ai ia?aoiaea E2-50-220OI.
A niiioaaonoaee n ioieoii 7.1. ianoiyuae ?an/aoii-iiynieoaeueiie caienee
?o = 102,5 ea//an e e.?.i.=0,97.
Oiaaea ?? = 102,5 * 0,97 = 99,4 ea//an.
4) Iiaaiiiaoaie/aneay i?yaeeeueiay iaoeia III-120IN.
A niioaaonoaee n ioieoii 7.1. ianoiyuae ?an/aoii-iiynieoaeueiie caienee
?o = 9 ea//an e e.?.i.=0,97.
Oiaaea ?? = 9 * 0,97 = 8,73 ea//an.
II. A niioaaonoaee n [9, n.121] iio?aaiia eiee/anoai iai?oaeiaaiey
ii?aaeaeyaony ii neaaeothuae oi?ioea: I = Gi/??, aaea
Gi – iaiaoiaeeiia eiee/anoai iieooaa?eeaoa aeey aeaiiiai i?aoiaea,
ea//an.
INIIAA.
1) *anaeueiue ia?aoiae:
A niioaaonoaee n ioieoii 11 ianoiyuae ?an/aoii-iiynieoaeueiie caienee
G/.e.i.. = 282,2 ea//an.Oiaaea I/.i. = 282,2/18,3 = 16 iaoei.
2) Eaioi/iue 1-ue ia?aoiae:
A niioaaonoaee n ioieoii 11 ianoiyuae ?an/aoii-iiynieoaeueiie caienee
Ge1.i. = 282,2 ea//an.Oiaaea Ie1.i.=282,2/51,2 =5,3 iaoeiu.
I?eieiaai Ie1.i. = 5 iaoei.
3) Eaioi/iue 2-ie ia?aoiae:
A niioaaonoaee n ioieoii 11 ianoiyuae ?an/aoii-iiynieoaeueiie caienee
Ge2.i. = 279,8 ea//an.Oiaaea Ie2.i. = 280,5/99,4 = 3,6 iaoeiu.
I?eieiaai Ie2.0. = 4 iaoeiu.
4) I?yaeeeueiue ia?aoiae:
A niioaaonoaee n ioieoii 11 ianoiyuae ?an/aoii-iiynieoaeueiie caienee Gi
= 279,4 ea//an.Oiaaea Ii.i. = 279,4/8,73 = 32 iaoeiu.
OOIE.
1) *anaeueiue ia?aoiae:
A niioaaonoaee n ioieoii 11 ianoiyuae ?an/aoii-iiynieoaeueiie caienee
G/.e.o.. = 317,4 ea//an.Oiaaea I/.o. = 317,4/18,3 = 16 iaoei.
2) Eaioi/iue 1-ue ia?aoiae:
A niioaaonoaee n ioieoii 11 ianoiyuae ?an/aoii-iiynieoaeueiie caienee
Ge1.o. = 317,4 ea//an.Oiaaea Ie1.o.=317,4/51,2 = 8 iaoei.
3) Eaioi/iue 2-ie ia?aoiae:
A niioaaonoaee n ioieoii 11 ianoiyuae ?an/aoii-iiynieoaeueiie caienee
Ge2.o. = 315,5 ea//an.Oiaaea Ie2.o. = 315,5/99,4 = 4 iaoeiu.
4) I?yaeeeueiue ia?aoiae:
A niioaaonoaee n ioieoii 11 ianoiyuae ?an/aoii-iiynieoaeueiie caienee Go
= 314,3 ea//an.Oiaaea Ii.o. = 314,3/8,73 = 36 iaoei.
III. Iauaaeeiei iaoeiu a aiia?aou. Ca iniiao aiia?aoa auae?aai
eaioi/ioth iaoeio 2-ai ia?aoiaea E2-50-220OI, iineieueeo iia eiaao
iaeaieueooth i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue.
I?e ea?aeiie nenoaia i?yaeaiey aiia?aoii yaeyaony niaieoiiinoue iaoei io
/anaeueiuo aei i?yaeeeueiuo, cae?aieaiiuo ca iaeiie eaioi/iie iaoeiie
[9, n.122].
Eiee/anoai iaoei anao ia?aoiaeia aeieaeii aeaeeoueny ia eiee/anoai
iaoei, aua?aiiuo ca iniiao aiia?aoa, oae eae /enei aiia?aoia aoaeao
?aaii /eneo yoeo iaoei. E?iia yoiai, /enei iaoei enneaaeoaiiai ia?aoiaea
aeieaeii aeaeeoueny ia /enei iaoei i?aaeuaeouaai ia?aoiaea.
A neo/aa, anee yoe oneiaey ia auiieiythony, i?eieiatho niioaaonoaothuaa
o?aaiaaieyi eiee/anoai iaoei e inouanoaeytho ei??aeoe?iaeo
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe niioaaonoaothueo iaoei ii oi?ioea 23 [7, n.41]: ?i
= ?? * I?/Ii , aaea
?i – i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue iaoeiu iinea ei??aeoe?iaee eo /enea;
?? – ?an/aoiay i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue iaoeiu;
I? – ?an/aoiia eiee/anoai iaoei;
Ii – i?eiyoia eiee/anoai iaoei.
Aiia?ao aeey iniiau.
1) *enei aiia?aoia aeey iniiau aoaeao ?aaii 4.
2) Eiee/anoai /anaeueiuo e i?yaeeeueiuo iaoei inoaaei iaeciaiiui,
iineieueeo eo eiee/anoai iaoeaei aeaeeony ia /enei aiia?aoia.
3) Iineieueeo eiee/anoai eaioi/iuo iaoei 1-ai ia?aoiaea ia niioaaonoaoao
auoaeceiaeaiiui o?aaiaaieyi, oi i?eieiaai Ii=4 iaoeiu.
Oiaaea ?i = 51,2 * 5,3/4 = 70,4 ea//an.
4) Ninoaaei noaio aiia?aoa aeey au?aaioee iniiau.
*anaeueiue
ia?aoiae
Eaioi/iue
1-ue ia?aoiae
Eaioi/iue
2-ie ia?aoiae
I?yaeeeueiue
ia?aoiae
Aiia?ao aeey ooea.
1) *enei aiia?aoia aeey ooea aoaeao ?aaii 4.
2) Eiee/anoai /anaeueiuo, eaioi/iuo 1-ai ia?aoiaea e i?yaeeeueiuo iaoei
inoaaei iaeciaiiui, iineieueeo eo eiee/anoai iaoeaei aeaeeony ia /enei
aiia?aoia.
3) Ninoaaei noaio aiia?aoa aeey au?aaioee ooea.
*anaeueiue
ia?aoiae
Eaioi/iue
1-ue ia?aoiae
Eaioi/iue
2-ie ia?aoiae
I?yaeeeueiue
ia?aoiae
IV. Nei??aeoe?oai ieai i?yaeaiey.
Iineieueeo i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue eaioi/iie iaoeiu 1-ai ia?aoiaea
EA-54-500A a i?ioeanna iauaaeeiaiey iaoei a aiia?aou aeey au?aaioee
iniiau auea eciaiaia aei ?=70,4 ea//an, oi iaiaoiaeeii eciaieoue e
nei?inoue auionea ia yoie iaoeia. I?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue iaoeiu aac o/aoa
e.?.i. ?aaia ? = 70,4/0,985 = 71,5 ea//an.
? = Vaui * Oe1 * 60 * E.I.A. * m / 1000000;
Vaui = ? * 1000000 / (Oe1 * 60 * E.I.A. * m);
Vaui = 71,5*1000000/(3440*60*0,84*1) = 412,2 i/iei, /oi iiaeii
n/eoaoue i?eaieaiui a niioaaonoaee n [2, n.172].
Oiaaea nei??aeoe?iaaiiue ieai i?yaeaiey au?aaioee aeey iniiau e ooea
aoaeao eiaoue neaaeothuee aeae:
Auaiaeu ii eo?niaiio i?iaeoo.
A niioaaaonoaee n caaeaieai ii eo?niaiio i?iaeoo (?aaioa) aue
ni?iaeoe?iaai i?iecaiaenoaaiiue i?ioeann au?aaioee i?yaee (iniiau e
ooea) aeey au?aaioee oeaie a?o. 34:
1) Aeey au?aaioee iniiau e ooea ii ea?aeiie nenoaia i?yaeaiey
(iiaaiiiaoaie/aneee niinia i?yaeaiey) eniieuecoaony i?yaea I-ai ni?oa,
au?aaioaiiay ec n?aaeiaaieieienouo ni?oia oeii/aoieea.
2) Aeey aeaiiie eeiaeiie ieioiinoe iniiaiie e ooi/iie i?yaee aua?aia
oeiiaay ni?oe?iaea: 5-I, 5-II, 4-II. I?e yoii aeey iniiau aeiey ia?aiai
eiiiiiaioa ninoaaeea (1 = 0,45 , aeiey aoi?iai eiiiiiaioa ?aaia (2 =
0,35 , a aeiey o?aoueaai eiiiiiaioa ?aaia (3 = 0,2; a aeey ooea (1 =
0,43 , (2 = 0,3 , (3 = 0,27. I?e oaeii aeieaaii o/anoee eiiiiiaioia
?ac?uaiay iaa?ocea iniiaiie e ooi/iie i?yaee niioaaonoaoao cia/aieyi
AINO.
3) I?iaaaeaiiay iioeiecaoeey niane ii noieiinoe ia YAI iieacaea, /oi
iioeiaeueiay noieiinoue iaeiie oiiiu niane aeey au?aaioee iniiaiie
i?yaee ?aaia N = 1966 ?oa, a aeey au?aaioee ooi/iie i?yaee N = 1971,4
?oa.
4) A niioaaonoaee n caaeaiiie eeiaeiie ieioiinoueth iniiau e ooea aue
ninoaaeai ieai i?yaeaiey, aeeth/athuee neaaeothuea iaoeiu:
O?aiaeueiay iaoeia O-16, naa?aae?iaaiiay n /anaeueiie iaoeiie *IAe-4;
Eaioi/iay iaoeia 1-ai ia?aoiaea EA-54-500A;
Eaioi/iay iaoeia 2-ai ia?aoiaea E2-50-220OI;
Iiaaiiiaoaie/aneay i?yaeeeueiay iaoeia III-120IN.
A eo?niaii i?iaeoa (?aaioa) aeaia oaoie/aneay oa?aeoa?enoeea aua?aiiuo
iaoei.
5) Ia iniiaa aeaiiuo i auoiaea i?yaee, ia?aoia e iooiaeia aeey eaaeaeiai
eiiiiiaioa niane ninoaaeaiu oaaeeoeu ii?i auoiaea iniiaiie e ooi/iie
i?yaee, ia?aoia e iooiaeia ec niane, a ia eo iniiaa ii?aaeaeaiu
eiyooeoeeaiou caaiia iieooaa?eeaoia ii anai ia?aoiaeai i?yaeeeueiiai
i?iecaiaenoaa.
6) A niioaaonoaee n caaeaieai i?iaaaeai iieiue oaoiieiae/aneee ?an/ao
iaoei E2-50-200OI e III-120IN.
7) Ia iniiaa ?ann/eoaiiuo eiyooeoeeaioia caaiia e i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe
aua?aiiiai oeaoeeiai noaiea AOI?-100 ii?aaeaeaii /aniaia caaeaiea aeey
anao iaoei i?iecaiaenoaa.
8) Eniieuecoy aeaiiua i /aniaii caaeaiee e i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe iaoei,
onoaiiaeaii eiee/anoai iaoei ii anai ia?aoiaeai. Iinea ii?aaeaeaiey
eiee/anoaa iaoei eaaeaeiai ia?aoiaea iie auee iauaaeeiaiu a aiia?aou.
I?e yoii i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue eaioi/iie iaoeiu 1-ai ia?aoiaea
EA-54-500A auea nei??aeoe?iaaia, a ?acoeueoaoa /aai aue iacia/eoaeueii
eciaiai ieai i?yaeaiey aeey au?aaioee iniiaiie i?yaee.
Oaeei ia?acii, o?aaiaaiey caaeaiey ii eo?niaiio i?iaeoo (?aaioa)
auiieiaiu iieiinoueth.
Eeoa?aoo?a:
1. Iaoaie/aneay oaoiieiaey oaenoeeueiuo iaoa?eaeia: O/aa. aeey aocia/
Naainoueyiia A.A., Inueiei I.A., Ua?aaeia A.I. e ae?.- I.:
Eaai?iiauoecaeao, 1989 a. – 512 n.
2. Ni?aai/iee ii oeiieii?yaeaieth/ Oe?ieia A.I., Aeaaeeie?ia A.I.,
Iieyeiaa Ae.A. e ae?.- 5-a ecae., ia?a?aa. e aeii.- I.: Eaaeay e ieuaaay
i?ii – noue, 1985 a.- 472 n.
3. Oeiieioea/anoai: Ni?aai/iee, 2-a ecae., ia?a?aa. e aeii. /Aoeaaa
I.O., Iieeia Y.A., Iaeueeia E.A. e ae?. Iiae ?aae. I.O.Aoeaaaa.- I.:
Eaai?iiauoecaeao, 1987 a. – 576 n.
4. Ni?aai/iee ii oeiiieioea/anoao /Y.A.Iieeia, I.O.Aoeaaa, A.I.Aeeaiiaa
e ae?.; iiae iau. ?aae. Y.A.Iieeiaa. I.:Eaaeay eiaeono?ey, 1979. – 487n.
5. Eaai?aoi?iue i?aeoeeoi ii iaoaie/aneie oaoiieiaee oaenoeeueiuo
iaoa?eaeia. O/aa. iiniaea aeey nooaeaioia aocia oaenoeeueiie i?ii-noe. –
I.: “Eaaeay eiaeono?ey”, 1976 a.- 552 n.
6. Eaai?aoi?iue i?aeoeeoi ii iaoaie/aneie oaoiieiaee oaenoeeueiuo
iaoa?eaeia. O/aa. iiniaea aeey aocia/ Aaeeei A.O., Aeey?aaneee A.N.,
Eoaeeiia A.A. e ae?.; Iiae. ?aae. Naainoueyiiaa A.A. – 2-a ecae.,
ia?a?aa. e aeii. – I.: Eaai?iiauoecaeao, 1993 a.- 272 n.
7. Iaoiaee/aneea oeacaiey e eo?niaiio i?iaeoe?iaaieth ii ?acaeaeo
“Oeiieii?yaeeeueiia i?iecaiaenoai” eo?na IOOI.- I.,1993 a.- 42 n.
8. I?iaeoe?iaaiea oeiieii?yaeeeueiuo oaa?ee: O/aa. iiniaea aeey n?aae.
niaoe. o/aa. caaaaeaiee eaaeie i?ii-noe/ Ieeiaeaeia I.I., Oaieineee
I.I., Oeoeoiiaa A.E.- I.: Eaaeay e ieuaaay i?ii-noue, 1981a. – 310 n.
9. Iaoiaee/aneea oeacaiey ii ?an/aoo eiaeeaeaeoaeueiuo caaeaiee ii eo?no
“Iaoaie/aneay oaoiieiaey aieieienouo iaoa?eaeia”. ?acaeae “I?yaeaiea
iaoo?aeueiuo e oeie/aneeo aieieii”. – I.,1991 a. – 40n.
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