?INNEENEEE OEIEEI-OAOIIEIAE*ANEEE
OIEAA?NEOAO EI. Ae. E. IAIAeAEAAAA
INIIAU YEIIIIE*ANEIE OAI?EE
IIIIIIEEE
a?oiia FORMTEXT –––––
Aaoi? FORMTEXT –––––
I?aiiaeaaaoaeue: FORMTEXT –––––
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IINEAA 1996
Aaaaeaiea. Iniiaiua iiiyoey.
Iiiiiieey anoue eneeth/eoaeueiia i?aai aeayoaeueiinoe a eaeie-eeai
noa?a aeayoaeueiinoe. Ii aeaaeaeueoeo yoiai i?aaa ?acee/atho iiiiiieee
ainoaea?noaaiiua e eaieoaeenoe/aneea. Ainoaea?noaaiiuie iiiiiieeyie
iacuaathony iiiiiieee, i?eiaaeeaaeauea ainoaea?noao. Aicieeatho a
?acoeueoaoa no?ieoaeuenoaa ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee (aiaiiie
i?iiuoeaiiinoe, iiauo eee eaieoaeiaieeo io?aneae) eee
iaoeeiiaeecaoeee ioaeaeueiuo i?aaei?eyoee, io?aneae i?iiuoeaiiinoe e
o?ainii?oa.
Iiiiiieee eaieoaeenoe/aneea – oicyenoaaiiua iauaaeeiaiey,
inouanoaeythuea eiio?ieue iaae ?uieaie iin?aaenoaii eiioeaio?aoeee
iaoa?eaeueiuo e oeiainiauo ?ano?nia, iao/ii-oaoie/aneiai iioaioeeaea n
oeaeueth ecaea/aiey iiiiiieueiie i?eauee. Onoaiaaeeaatho iiiiiieueiua
oeaiu, aicaeaenoaoy ia oi?ie?iaaiea i?iii?oeee aini?iecaiaenoaa.
Eaieoaeenoe/aneea iiiiiieee aicieeee ia iniiaa eiioeaio?aoeee
i?iecaiaenoaa e eaieoaea. Iniiaiua oi?iu eaieoaeenoe/aneeo iiiiiieee –
ea?oaee, neiaeeeaou, o?anou, eiioea?iu.
Eiioea?i (aiae. concern – aeaei, i?aaei?eyoea) – iaeia ec
neiaeiuo oi?i iiiiiieenoe/aneeo iauaaeeiaiee, aeeth/athueo
i?aaei?eyoey i?iiuoeaiiinoe, o?ainii?oa, oi?aiaee e aaieianeie noa?u.
O/anoieee eiioea?ia nio?aiytho oi?iaeueioth naiinoiyoaeueiinoue, ii
eiio?iee?othony no?oeoo?aie iauaai ?oeiaiaenoaa eiioea?ia, a oaeaea
aoiaeyueie a ninoaa eiioea?ia oeiainiauie no?oeoo?aie. A ianoiyuaa
a?aiy iniiaiay oi?ia iiiiiieee a ?innee.
Oa?aeoa?enoeea iiiiiieee
Nouanoaotho aeaa iiaeoiaea e iiiyoeth “iiiiiieey”. Ai-ia?auo,
iiiiiieeth iiaeii ?anniao?eaaoue eae oei oe?iu. Iia i?aaenoaaeyao niaie
e?oiiia iauaaeeiaiea, caieiathuaa aaaeouaa iieiaeaiea a ii?aaeaeaiiie
io?anee oicyenoaa (eee a ianeieueeeo io?aneyo) a eaeie-eeai no?aia eee a
ie?a a oeaeii. Iau/ii iiiiiieey annioeee?oaony n e?oiiuie e
ecaanoiuie anaio ie?o eiiiaieyie, oioy iie iiaoo aea?aeaoue
iacia/eoaeueioth /anoue ?uiea.
Ii iiaeao nouanoaiaaoue e ae?oaay o?aeoiaea iiiyoey “iiiiiieey” –
yoi yeiiiie/aneia iiaaaeaiea oe?iu. Ia ?uiea aiciiaeia neooaoeey,
eiaaea iieoiaoaeyi i?ioeainoieo i?aaei?eieiaoaeue-iiiiiieeno,
i?iecaiaeyuee iniiaioth ianno i?iaeoeoeee ii?aaeaeaiiiai aeaea. A yoii
neo/aa iiiiiieenoii iiaeao ieacaoueny n?aaieoaeueii iaaieueoia ii
?acia?ai i?aaei?eyoea (?inneeneee i?eia? – AI “O?IECA” (auao. CeO) – 98%
i?iecaiaenoaa o?ieeaeaonia a ?innee, e ii?yaeea /aoaa?oe – a ie?a i?e
i?aaeaeueiii iauaia i?iecaiaenoaa 2500 iaoei a aiae). E iai?ioea,
e?oiiay oe?ia iiaeao e ia auoue iiiiiieenoii, anee aa aeiey ia aeaiiii
?uiea iaaaeeea.
Ia?auaynue e iiiiiieee eae aeaeo yeiiiie/aneie no?oeoo?u ?uiea,
aa neaaeoao ?anniao?eaaoue eae ii?aaeaeaiiue oei yeiiiie/aneeo
ioiioaiee, eioi?ue aeaao aiciiaeiinoue iaeiiio ec o/anoieeia yoeo
ioiioaiee aeeeoiaaoue naie oneiaey ia ?uiea ii?aaeaeaiiiai oiaa?a.
Iiiiiieey i?aaeiieaaaao, /oi a io?anee eiaaony oieueei iaeei
i?iecaiaeeoaeue, eioi?ue iieiinoueth eiio?iee?oao iauai i?aaeeiaeaiey
oiaa?a. Yoi iicaieyao aio onoaiaaeeaaoue oeaio, eioi?ay i?eianao
iaeneioi i?eauee. Noaiaiue eniieueciaaiey iiiiiieueiie aeanoe a
onoaiiaeaiee oeaiu aoaeao caaenaoue io iaee/ey aeeceeo caiaieoaeae
oiaa?a. Anee oiaa? oieeaeai, oi iieoiaoaeue auioaeaeai ieaoeoue
iacia/aiioth oeaio eee ioeacaoueny io iieoiee. *enei i?iaeoeoia, ia
eiathueo caiaieoaeae, ia?aie/aii. E /enoie iiiiiieee iiaeii ioianoe
i?aaeinoaaeaiea eiiioiaeueiuo oneoa, aaci-, aiaei- e yeaeo?iniaaaeaiea.
Oe?ia-iiiiiieeno iau/ii eiaao aieaa aunieoth i?eaueue, /oi,
anoanoaaiii, i?eaeaeaao a io?aneue ae?oaeo i?iecaiaeeoaeae. A neo/aa
/enoie iiiiiieee, i?aiyonoaey aeey anooieaiey a io?aneue aeinoaoi/ii
aaeeee, e yoi i?aeoe/anee aeiee?oao i?iieeiiaaiea eiieo?aioia ia
iiiiiieece?iaaiiue ?uiie. Aio ?aaeueii cia/eiua i?aa?aaeu ia iooe
aiciiaeiuo eiieo?aioia iiiiiieee:
1. Yooaeo ianooaaa.
Aunieiyooaeoeaiia i?iecaiaenoai n ieceeie ecaea?aeeaie aeinoeaaaony
a oneiaeyo e?oiiaeoaai ec aiciiaeiuo i?iecaiaenoaa, iaoneiaeaiiiai
iiiiiieecaoeeae ?uiea. Oaeoth iiiiiieeth iau/ii iacuaatho “anoanoaaiiie
iiiiiieeae”. o. a. io?aneueth, a eioi?ie aeieain?i/iua n?aaeiea
ecaea?aeee ieieiaeueiu, anee oieueei iaeia oe?ia ianeoaeeaaao aanue
?uiie. (i?eia? – aeiau/a e ?ani?aaeaeaiea i?e?iaeiiai aaca:
iaiaoiaeeii inaiaiea ianoi?iaeaeaiee, no?ieoaeuenoai iaaeno?aeueiuo
aacii?iaiaeia, ianoiuo ?ani?aaeaeeoaeueiuo naoae e o.ae.) Iiaui
eiieo?aioai /?acau/aeii o?oaeii aieoe a oaeoth io?aneue, oae eae yoi
o?aaoao e?oiiuo eaieoaeiaeiaeaiee. Aeiieie?othuay oe?ia, eiay aieaa
ieceea ecaea?aeee i?iecaiaenoaa a ninoiyiee ia a?aiy nieceoue oeaio
i?iaeoeoeee, /oiau oie/oiaeeoue eiieo?aioa.
2. Eneeth/eoaeueiua i?aaa.
A ?yaea no?ai Aa?iiu, Aia?eee e a ?innee i?aaeoaeuenoai
i?aaeinoaaeyao oe?iai noaoon aaeeinoaaiiiai i?iaeaaoea (o?ainii?oiua
oneoae, naycue, aaciniaaaeaiea). Ii acaiai ia yoe i?eaeeaaee
i?aaeoaeuenoai nio?aiyao ca niaie i?aai ?aaoee?iaaoue aeaenoaey oaeeo
iiiiiieee, /oiau eneeth/eoue ceioiio?aaeaiea iiiiiieueiie aeanoueth,
caueoeoue eioa?anu iaiiiiiieece?iaaiiuo io?aneae e ianaeaiey,
iieuecothueony oiaa?aie e oneoaaie iiiiiieenoia.
3. Iaoaiou e eeoeaicee.
I?aaeoaeuenoai aa?aioe?oao iaoaioioth caueoo iiaui i?iaeoeoai e
i?iecaiaenoaaiiui oaoiieiaeyi, /oi iaania/eaaao i?iecaiaeeoaeyi
iiiiiieueiua iiceoeee ia ?uiea e ia ii?aaeaeaiiue i?iiaaeooie
a?aiaie aa?aioe?oao eo eneeth/eoaeueiia i?aai ia aeaaeaiea ?uieii
aeaiiiai oiaa?a.
4. Nianoaaiiinoue ia aaaeiaeoea aeaeu nu?uey.
Iaeioi?ua eiiiaiee yaeythony iiiiiieenoaie aeaaiaea?y
aac?acaeaeueiiio aeaaeaieth enoi/ieeaie i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai ?ano?na,
iaiaoiaeeiiai aeey i?iecaiaenoaa iiiiiieece?iaaiiiai i?iaeoeoa. Oae,
“Aethieieoi eiiiaie io Aia?eea” yaeyaony aeaaeaeueoeai anao iniiaiuo
enoi/ieeia aieneoia a caiaaeiii ie?a. Aieueoeinoai aeiaciuo
?oaeieeia eiio?iee?oaony thaeiiao?eeaineie eiiiaieae “Aea Ae?n”.
Oeaiiaay iieeoeea iiiiiieenoia.
Eiiaaea, a oeaeyo iieo/aiey aeiiieieoaeueiiai aeioiaea, iiiiiieey,
eniieuecoy naia ?uii/iia iieiaeaiea, i?iaeaao iaeei e oio aea oiaa? ii
?aciui oeaiai ia ?acee/iuo ?uieao. Yoi ie a eiae
ia?a ia naycaii n aeeooa?aioeeaoeeae oeai a caaeneiinoe io ea/anoaa
oiaa?ia e oneoa, a oaeaea n ?acee/eyie a ?anoiaeao ia aeinoaaeo e
o?aiaiea a ?acee/iuo ?aaeiiao.
OeAIIAAss AeENE?EIEIAOeEss, i?aeoeea i?eiaiaiey ?acee/iuo oeai ni
noi?iiu oe?iu-iiiiiieenoa.
I?eiaiaiea oaeeo oeai ia oieueei aiciiaeii a neeo iainiaeaiey
?uieia ae?oa io ae?oaa aaia?aoe/anee eee oa?eoiuie aa?uea?aie, ii e
noaiiaeony iaiaoiaeeiui aeey iieo/aiey iaeneiaeueiie i?eauee aneaaenoaea
?acee/iie ?aaeoeee ni?ina ia eciaiaiea oeaiu (yeanoe/iinoe ni?ina) ia
yoeo iainiaeaiiuo ?uieao, a neaaeiaaoaeueii, e aioiaiinoe ioaeaeueiuo
iio?aaeoaeae i?eia?anoe iaiaoiaeeiia eiee/anoai oiaa?a ii oeaia auoa
n?aaeiae ?uii/iie.
Iau/ii oeaiiaoth aeene?eieiaoeeth iiae?acaeaeytho ia aeaa oeia.
1. Aeene?eieiaoeey ii aaeeieoeai i?iaeaaaaiie i?iaeoeoeee.
Nooue aa caeeth/aaony a ?acee/iuo oneiaeyo iieoiee oiaa?a eee
iieaou oneoae iio?aaeoaeai a caaeneiinoe io eiee/anoaa i?eia?aoaaiiai.
Oae, oeaiu ia oiaa?u, i?eia?aoaaiua a ?icieoeo, auoa, /ai ia oa aea
oiaa?u i?e iioiauo caeoieao. Oeaia ia aeaeaciiaei?iaeiue aeeao aoaeao
aic?anoaoue n oaaee/aieai iooe neaaeiaaiey, ii oeaia ia?auo
eeeiiao?ia aoaeao aei?iaea, /ai iineaaeothueo. Eae i?aaeei, oaeay
oeaiiaay aeene?eieiaoeey naycaia n iinoiyiiuie ecaea?aeeaie
i?iecaiaenoaa e ?ani?aaeaeaiey oiaa?ia e oneoa.
2. Aeene?eieiaoeey n?aaee iieoiaoaeae.
Iieoiaoaee eiatho ?acee/iua aeioiaeu e, niioaaonoaaiii, niiniaiu
ieaoeoue ca iaeei e oio aea oiaa? ?acioth oeaio. Eiia/ii, anee au
oe?ia oaeaeinue i?iaeaoue aanue oiaa? anai iieoiaoaeyi ii aunieie
oeaia, oi iauee aeioiae aue au auoa, ii oe?ia i?iea?aea au a iauaia
i?iaeaae, /oi i?e aeaeueiaeoai iiauoaiee oeaiu i?eaaei au e
nieaeaieth aeioiaea oe?iu. Iiyoiio i?iaeaaoeu onoaiaaeeaatho
aeeooa?aioee?iaaiiua oeaiu ca iaeei e oio aea oiaa? ia ?acee/iuo
?uieao Yoe ?uiee iiaoo ?acee/aoueny ii a?oiiai iio?aaeoaeae, ii
oa??eoi?eyi, ai a?aiaie e o.i. Oae, iiiaea iieoiaoaee i?aaeii/eoatho
niaa?oaoue iieoiee ai a?aiy naciiiuo e eiuo ?ani?iaeaae, /oi a eiia/iii
n/aoa auaiaeii oe?iai. Oeaiiaay aeene?eieiaoeey oaeaea /anoi
eniieuecoaony oe?iie a oiaea eiieo?aioiie ai?ueau aeey ia?aiaieaaiey
iieoiaoaeae o ae?oaeo oe?i, aeaeathueo ioia?aoue i?aai iiiiiieee o
ia?aie oe?iu.
Oeaiiaay aeene?eieiaoeey aiciiaeia i?e iaycaoaeueiii auiieiaiee o?ao
oneiaee:
1. Oe?ia aeieaeia iaeaaeaoue aeinoaoi/iie iiiiiieueiie neeie, /oiau
eiio?iee?iaaoue i?iecaiaenoai e oeaiiia?aciaaiea;
2. Aeieaeia auoue eneeth/aia aiciiaeiinoue ia?ai?iaeaaee oiaa?a. Anee
iiaeii eoieoue oiaa? ia iaeiii ?uiea ii ieceie oeaia e i?iaeaoue ia
ae?oaii ii aunieie, oi yoi i?eaaaeao e eciaiaieth ni?ina e
i?aaeeiaeaiey, a a ?acoeueoaoa – e e au?aaieaaieth oeai, /oi iiaei?aao
oeaiiaoth aeene?eieiaoeeth;
3. Niiniaiinoue i?iecaiaeeoaey e ii?aaeaeaieth no?oeoo?u ?uiea.
Iiiaea oe?iu nenoaiaoe/anee caieiathony aiaeecii iiaaaeaiey iieoiaoaeae,
eeanneoeoee?oy eo n o/aoii oa?aeoa?a ?aaiou, aeioiaeia, iiea,
aic?anoa, naiaeiiai iieiaeaiey, aeonia, ianoa aeeoaeuenoaa e o.ae.,
auaeaeyy iieoiaoaeae a ioaeaeueiua a?oiiu, eaaeaeay ec eioi?uo
aioiaa ieaoeoue ?acioth oeaio ca oiaa?.
?anniio?ei iineaaenoaey oeaiiaie aeene?eieiaoeee. N iaeiie
noi?iiu, aeeooa?aioee?oy oeaiu, oe?iu oaaee/eaatho naie i?eauee ca
n/ao iieoiaoaeae. Ii n ae?oaie – iiiiiieenoo noaiiaeony auaiaeii
oaaee/eaaoue iauai i?iecaiaenoaa. A oaeii neo/aa oeaiiaay
aeene?eieiaoeey iiaeao niinianoaiaaoue ?inoo yooaeoeaiinoe
ooieoeeiie?iaaiey ?uiea, iineieueeo iia aaaeao e ?inoo iauaia
i?aaeeiaeaiey e ni?ina. E iieiaeeoaeueiui yaeyaony oi, /oi oa o/anoee
?uiea, eioi?ua ia iieo/eee au ieeaeeo oiaa?ia e oneoa a neo/aa aaeeiie
oeaiu, oaeaea ianeoaeeaathony.
Iniaaiiinoe iiiiiieecia a ?innee
Iiiiiieenoe/aneay no?oeoo?a yeiiiieee ?innee, eioi?ay a iao/iie
eeoa?aoo?a /anoi iaicia/aaony eae “ainoaea?noaaiiue iiiiiieeci” (ni.
“Aaaaeaiea. Iniiaiua iiiyoey”), neeaaeuaaeanue iiae aicaeaenoaeai
neaaeothueo iniiaiuo oaeoi?ia:
1. Iaee/ea aaeieieno?aoeaii-eiiaiaeiie nenoaiu oi?aaeaiey. /oi
i?iyaeyeinue a aee?aeoeaiii oi?aaeaiee, a oeaio?aeeciaaiiii
ia?a?ani?aaeaeaiee aieueoie aeiee aeioiaea, a iacia/aiee “naa?oo”
oicyenoaaiiuo ?oeiaiaeeoaeae.
2. Eiioeaio?aoeey e niaoeeaeecaoeey i?iecaiaenoaa. A eiioea 80-o aa.
a ?oeao ainoaea?noaa auei nin?aaeioi/aii ieiei 85% iniiaiuo n?aaenoa
i?iecaiaenoaa. Aieaa 90% i?iaeoeoeee iaoeiino?iaiey auioneaee
i?aaei?eyoey, ia eioi?uo auei caiyoi nauoa 1000 ?aai/eo. *?acau/aeii
aunieay noaiaiue eiioeaio?aoeee i?iecaiaenoaa e nae/an iaaethaeaaony
i?aeoe/anee ai anao io?aneyo yeiiiieee ?innee.
Eiioeaio?aoeey i?iecaiaenoaa aeiiieiyaony oceie i?aaeiaoiie
niaoeeaeecaoeeae i?iecaiaenoaa, eioi?ay i?inoi ianiaianoeia n
eiieo?aioiie ai?ueaie (o.e. iaea aa?iyoiinoue nouanoaiaaiey
ianeieueeeo caaiaeia-aeaaioia, auioneathueo oiaa?, iaiaoiaeeiue a
iacia/eoaeueiii eiee/anoaa).
Oeie/iue i?eia? – i?aeoe/anee ia?aaioiniiniaiay a oneiaeyo ?uiea
niaaoneay aaeaoeeiiiay i?iiuoeaiiinoue, ninoiyuay ec iacaaeneiuo ae?oa
io ae?oaa EA e caaiaeia, e niiniaiay ?aaioaoue oieueei i?e iaeiae iauae
nenoaia oi?aaeaiey. E oiio aea iinea ?aniaaea NNN? ia Oe?aeia inoaeinue
IEA ei. Aioiiiaa aac e?oiiuo aaeano?ieoaeueiuo caaiaeia, a a
Ocaaeenoaia – caaiae aac EA.
Iiiiiieey – “ca” e “i?ioea”
Aeaienoaaiiay ?ieue iiiiiieee
Ioiioaiea iauanoaa e ainoaea?noaa e ?acee/iui oi?iai ianiaa?oaiiie
eiieo?aioeee anaaaea aeaienoaaiii aneaaenoaea i?ioeai?a/eaie ?iee
iiiiiieee a yeiiiieea no?aiu. N iaeiie noi?iiu, iiiiiieee iiaoo
ia?aie/eoue auione i?iaeoeoeee e onoaiiaeoue aieaa aunieea oeaiu a neeo
naiaai iiiiiieueiiai iieiaeaiey ia ?uiea, /oi aucuaaao
ia?aoeeiiaeueiia ?ani?aaeaeaiea ?ano?nia e iaoneiaeeaaao oneeaiea
ia?aaainoaa aeioiaeia. Iiiiiieey, aaconeiaii, nieaeaao aeeciaiiue
o?iaaiue ianaeaiey ca n/ao aieaa aunieeo oeai. Aeaeaei ia anaaaea
oe?iu-iiiiiieenou eniieuecotho a iieiie ia?a aiciiaeiinoe aeey
iaania/aiey IOI. Aeaei a oii, /oi iiiiiieee ia eiatho aeinoaoi/iuo
noeioeia aeey iiauoaiey yooaeoeaiinoe ca n/ao IOI, o.e. iao
eiieo?aioeee.
N ae?oaie aea noi?iiu, nouanoaotho i/aiue aaniiua a?aoiaiou a
iieueco iiiiiieee. I?iaeoeoeey iiiiiieenoe/aneeo eiiiaiee ioee/aaony
aunieei ea/anoaii, /oi i iicaieeei ei caaiaaaoue ainiiaenoaothuaa
iieiaeaiea ia ?uiea (e?iia, iaeiaei, “anoanoaaiiuo iiiiiieee”, ia
anaaaea ii i?aao iieo/athueo aeinooi e oie eee eiie aeayoaeueiinoe ia
?uiea). Iiiiiieecaoeey aicaeaenoaoao ia iiauoaiea yooaeoeaiinoe
i?iecaiaenoaa: oieueei e?oiiay oe?ia ia caueuaiiii ?uiea iaeaaeaao
aeinoaoi/iuie n?aaenoaaie aeey oniaoiiai i?iaaaeaiey iao/iuo
enneaaeiaaiee e ?ac?aaioie.
Aianoa n oai ia neaaeoao i?aoaaee/eaaoue ?ieue iiiiiieee a
iaania/aiee iao/iuo enneaaeiaaiee e iiuoii – eiino?oeoi?neeo
?ac?aaioie. I?aeoeea naeaeaoaeuenoaoao, /oi iiiaea e?oiiua ioe?uoey
a iaoea e oaoieea inouanoaeythony n?aaieoaeueii iaaieueoeie, oae
iacuaaaiuie aai/o?iuie (aiae. venture – ?eneiooue) eiiiaieyie. Ia
yoie iniiaa iiaoo aicieeiooue e?oiiua oe?iu (aaeeeieaiiue i?eia? –
Microsoft, eiaaoay a 1981 aiaeo /eneaiiinoue 100 nio?oaeieeia a NOA,
iuia eiathuoth 16400 nio?oaeieeia a 49 no?aiao, ?uii/ioth noieiinoue
ii?yaeea $40 ie?ae. e aiaeiaie iai?io $5 ie?ae.).
E?iia oiai. e?oiiua ianooaau i?iecaiaenoaa iicaieytho nieaeaoue
ecaea?aeee e a oeaeii yeiiiieoue ?ano?nu. Oae, iiauoaiea oeai ia
iaooue a ?acoeueoaoa aeaenoaee no?ai IIAE e?aeia iaaaoeaii neacaeinue
ia ecaea?aeeao ai iiiaeo io?aneyo aia?eeaineie i?iiuoeaiiinoe. Eeoue
eniieueciaaiea e?oiiuie eiiiaieyie ?acoeueoaoia iao/iuo enneaaeiaaiee
iicaieeei ia?aeoe e oiieeainaa?aaathuei oaoiieiaeyi e nieceoue
ecaea?aeee.
Ia neaaeoao oaeaea caauaaoue e oiai, /oi e?oiiua iiiiiieenoe/aneea
iauaaeeiaiey (iniaaiii iaaeio?aneaaua, oaeea eae IEIE n aai noieue
?aciuie i?iecaiaenoaaie, eae iaoaeeo?ae/aneee caaiae, iaiiaaiii noaaoee
ecaanoiui caaiae oieiaeeeueieeia “Noeiie”, nai?i/iue caaiae auoiaie
yeaeo?iieee) a neo/aa yeiiiie/aneiai e?ecena aea?aeaony aeieueoa anao e
?aiueoa anao ia/eiatho auoiaeeoue ec e?ecena, oai naiui naea?aeeaay
niaae i?iecaiaenoaa e aac?aaioeoeo.
O/eouaay aeaienoaaiiue oa?aeoa? iiiiiieenoe/aneeo iauaaeeiaiee,
i?aaeoaeuenoaa anao no?ai n eaieoaeenoe/anee i?eaioe?iaaiiie yeiiiieeie
noa?athony a eaeie-oi ia?a i?ioeainoiyoue iiiiiieecio, iiaeaea?aeeaay e
iiiu?yy eiieo?aioeeth.
Caueoa eiieo?aioeee
Eiieo?aioeey neoaeeo iniiaiui ?aaoee?othuei iaoaieciii a
eaieoaeenoe/aneie yeiiiieea. “Yoi oa neea, eioi?ay iiae/eiyao
i?iecaiaeeoaeae e iinoaaueeia ?ano?nia aeeeoaoo iieoiaoaey eee
noaa?aieoaoo iio?aaeoaey. I?e eiieo?aioeee eiaiii ?aoaiey iiiaeo
i?iaeaaoeia e iieoiaoaeae i i?aaeeiaeaiee e ni?ina ii?aaeaeytho
?uii/iua oeaiu”. ((/3/, no?. 132))
Yoi cia/eo, /oi eiaeeaeaeoaeueiua i?iecaiaeeoaee iiaoo eeoue
i?eniinaaeeaaoueny e aeaeaieyi iieoiaoaey, eioi?ua ?uii/iay nenoaia
aeiaiaeeo aei naaaeaiey i?iaeaaoeia. I?e aicieeiiaaiee iiiiiieee
neooaoeey ?acei iaiyaony, eiaaea i?iaeaaoeu iiaoo aicaeaenoaiaaoue ia
?uiie eee iaieioee?iaaoue ia iai oeaiaie e nianoaaiiie auaiaea e a
oua?a iauanoao a oeaeii. N oeaeueth i?aaeioa?aoeoue oaeia iieiaeaiea
i?aaeoaeuenoai i?iaiaeeo ?yae aioeiiiiiieueiuo, eee aioeo?anoianeeo,
caeiiia aeey caueou e oneeaiey eiieo?aioeee a ea/anoaa yooaeoeaiiai
?aaoeyoi?a i?iaaaeaiey aeciana.
Aioeiiiiiieueiia ?aaoee?iaaiea a ?innee
Ia?u ii ai?ueaa n iiiiiieeciii a ?innee ii?aaeaeythony
i?aeiouanoaaiii niaoeeoeeie iiiiiieenoe/aneeo ioiioaiee a iaoae
yeiiiieea.
Na?ueaciia eco/aiea iaoiaeia ai?ueau n iiiiiieeciii a ?innee
ia/aeinue ioiineoaeueii iaaeaaii. A oai?aoe/aneii ieaia ianoaeaeaaony
aeaa aa?eaioa aioeiiiiiieueiie iieeoeee:
ia?aue ec ieo i?aaeoniao?eaaao, /oi aeaiiiiiieecaoeey i?iecaiaenoaa
aeieaeia a cia/eoaeueiie ia?a i?aaeoanoaiaaoue ia?aoiaeo e ?uieo, o. a.
caaeaaia?aiaiii aeieaeiu nicaeaaaoueny i?aaeiinueee eiieo?aioiiai, a ia
iiiiiieueiiai ?uiea;
aoi?ie aa?eaio – yoi iooue ai?ueau n iiiiiieeciii a i?ioeanna
ia?aoiaea e ?uii/iui ioiioaieyi e iinea oaeiaiai. A aeaiiii neo/aa
i?yiiio aicaeaenoaeth ia i?aaei?eyoey-iiiiiieenou i?aaeii/eoaaony
einaaiiua, nicaeathuea aiciiaeiinoe aeey naiii?iecaieueiiai i?ioaeaiey
aeaiiiiiieecaoeee.
Ia i?aeoeea, i?iaiaeeiay iuia aeaiiiiiieecaoeey e
?acainoaea?noaeaiea, ia?aoiae e ?uieo, ooieoeeiie?othuaio ia iniiaa
eiieo?aioeee, oaea nae/an iio?aaiaaee au?aaioee e i?eiyoey oeaeiai
iaeaoa caeiiia, a oii /enea e aioeiiiiiieuiiai, i?aaeoniao?eaathuaai
eae i?yiua neeiaua iaoiaeu (?acaeaeaiea oe?i-iiiiiieenoia), oae e
einaaiiua iaoiaeu i?ioeaiaeaenoaey iiiiiieeyi.
NIENIE ENIIEUeCIAAIIIE EEOA?AOO?U
/1/ O/aaiee ii iniiaai yeiiiie/aneie oai?ee Ecae-aa “AEAAeIN” e
IAOO ei. Aaoiaia, I., 1995
/2/ Niaaoneee yioeeeeiiaaee/aneee neiaa?ue, ecaeaiea 4,
I.,Niaaoneay yioeeeeiiaaeey, 1987
/3/ E. ?. Iaeeiiaee, N. E. A?th Yeiiiieen. I.,1993
/4/ Aeae. O. Noyieaee Yeiiiieen aeey ia/eiathueo. I.,1994
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