Iineianeee ainoaea?noaaiiue eiaeaia?ii-oece/aneee einoeooo
Aecian-ieai i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai i?aaei?eyoey III “Oa?ieion” ii
nai?ea ioeueoeiaaeeeiuo ?aai/eo noaioeee.
Nooaeaioia a?oiiu E9-02 :
Aaeioainoeeiaie A.A.
Ai?aeiaa A.A.
AEo/eiaa A.A.
IEOE 1996
Niaea?aeaiea:
?acaeae no?aieoea
?acthia 4
Nouanoai i?iaeoa 6
Ieai ia?eaoeiaa 7
Aiaeec iieiaeaiey aeae a io?anee 7
Aiaeec ?uiea nauoa 7
Aiaeec eiieo?aioeee 8
Ioeaiea ?enea i?iaeoa 8
Oeiainiaue ieai 11
?an/ao naaanoieiinoe aaeeieoeu i?iaeoeoeee 11
I?iaiic iauaia i?iecaiaenoaa e ?aaeecaoeee i?iaeoeoeee 13
N/ao i?eaueae e oauoeia 15
Aaeain aeioiaeia e ?anoiaeia 16
Ioeaiea oeiainiaie aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaei?eyoey 16
Nienie eniieueciaaiiie eeoa?aoo?u 16
?acthia:
A aeaiiii aecian-ieaia ?anniao?eaathony ?acee/iua oneiaey, i?iaiaeyony
iaiaoiaeeiua aiaeecu e i?eaiaeyony o?aaoaiua ?an/aou aeey aeaeueiaeoaai
i?iecaiaenoaa auioneaaiie i?iaeoeoeee – ioeueoeiaaeeeiuo eiiiuethoa?iuo
noaioeee.
A ?acoeueoaoa i?iaaaeaiiuo enneaaeiaaiee aiaeiaia i?aaeiieaaaaiiai
auioneaaiiai i?iaeoeoa auee eiie?aoii onoaiiaeaiu ninoaa, oaoie/aneea
oa?aeoa?enoeee, aiaoiee aeae e i?i/ea iniaaiiinoe iaoaai i?iaeoeoa. Eo
iiae?iaiia iienaiea eceiaeaii a ?acaeaea “Nouanoai i?iaeoa”. A yoii
?acaeaea oaeaea iainiiaaii – ii/aio o iioaioeeaeueiuo iieoiaoaeae
aicieeiao iio?aaiinoue eoieoue aiaeiae/iue i?iaeoeo, ii/aio iie
i?aaeii/ooo eoieoue eiaiii iao i?iaeoeo e eae iu iiaeai nio?aieoue
i?aeiouanoaa iaoaai i?iaeoeoa a oa/aiea iaeioi?iai i?iaeieaeeoaeueiiai
a?aiaie. A ?acoeueoaoa iinoiyiiiai iiauoaiey ea/anoaa ?acee/iuo n?aaenoa
ioeueoeiaaeea aicieeea aiciiaeiinoue iiyaeaiey oieaa?naeueiiai
n?aaenoaa, iauaaeeiythuaai ana eiathueany iiaaeoea ?ac?aaioee a yoie
iaeanoe. Ia i?iaeoeo oaeiai ea/anoaa aoaeao nouanoaiaaoue iinoiyiiue
ni?in, aucaaiiue iaiaoiaeeiinoueth iiauoaoue o?iaaiue iai?oaeiaaiey,
eiathueeny o iieueciaaoaeae, eioi?uie iiaoo auoue eae oece/aneea , oae e
th?eaee/aneea eeoea. Iaiaeiaaaeioth ?ieue oaeaea ea?aao iaoa
ioiineoaeueii oceay iai?aaeaiiinoue ia i?iecaiaenoai oieueei aeaiiiai
i?iaeoeoa, /oi iicaieeo naeaeaoue iaoae i?aaiecaoeee eieaeae oe?iu,
niaoeeaeece?othuaeny ia auionea aeaiiie i?iaeoeoeee, a oaeie oe?iu a
ianoiyuee iiiaio ia ?uiea aeaiiie io?anee ia nouanoaoao.
A ?acaeaea “Ieai ia?eaoeiaa” i?eaiaeyony aiaeecu iieiaeaiey aeae a
io?anee, ?uiea nauoa e eiieo?aioeee. Iiaeaiaey eoiae aeaiiiai ?acaeaea
iiaeii caeeth/eoue neaaeothuaa. A aeaiiie io?anee iaaethaeaaony
nouanoaaiiue iaaeinoaoie aaeeiiai i?iaeoeoa, ni/aoathuaai a naaa
?acoeueoaou iineaaeieo aeinoeaeaiee a ?acaeoee iai?aaeaiee aeaiiie
io?anee. Iaaeaeo oai, ni?in ia eiie?aoiue i?iaeoeo oaea nouanoaoao e
aeaaea aoaeao iiauoaoueny, iineieueeo iaiiiai/eneaiiua nouanoaothuea
aiaeiae iaoaai i?iaeoeoa iieacuaatho naay a aeaea eae aiieia oaea/iia
i?eiaiaiea n?aaenoa ioeueoeiaaeea a ?aoaiee oeacaiiiai auoa oe?ieiai
niaeo?a caaea/. Ii iiea ia i?aaeiieaaaaiii ?uiea nauoa iao i?iaeoeoia
oe?iu, /aoei niaoeeaeece?othuaeny ia i?iecaiaenoaa i?iaeoeoeee, eioi?ay
iai?yioth i?aaeiacia/aia aeey ?aoaiey iienaiiuo caaea/. Iaoa
i?aaiecaoeey i?aaeiieaaaao caiyoue ionoothuoth ieoo a yoii ?uiea nauoa,
oai naiui iaania/ea iieoiaoaeae oiaa?ii, a naay i?eaueueth.
Aieaa iiae?iaiia iienaiea ?aiea nauoa eceiaeaii a niioaaonoaothuai
?acaeaea aecian-ieaia.
E ?acoeueoaoai aiaeeca eiieo?aioeee iiaeii oaeaea aeiaaaeoue
iaaeinoaoi/ioth ?aeeaio nouanoaothueie oe?iaie eo i?iaeoeoeee. Oaeaea
caia/aii ionoonoaea a niaea?aeaiee yoie ?aeeaiu oii?a ia
oieaa?naeueiinoue e ioeueoeiaaeeeiinoue yoie i?iaeoeoeee. Aia/aoeaiea io
oaeie ?aeeaiu i?eia?ii neaaeothuaa: anoue eiiiuethoa?u ni n?aaenoaaie
ioeueoeiaaeea, ii eiiiuethoa?ia nouanoaoao aaeeeia iiiaeanoai, a
n?aaenoaa ioeueoeiaaeea o ieo – yoi ia iaeia aeiaaaeaiea e eiiiuethoa?o,
iicaieythuaa aio ?aoaoue iaeioi?ua aeiiieieoaeueiua caaea/e. A ?aeeaia
iaoaai aoaeouaai i?iaeoeoa aoaeao aeaeaoueny oii? ia oi, /oi yoi –
ioeueoeiaaeeeiua eiiiuethoa?iua noaioeee, a ia /oi-ieaoaeue ae?oaia, e
/oi iie oieaa?naeueiu aeey oe?ieiai e?oaa ii?aaeaeaiiuo caaea/ e
aeinooiiu caeioa?aniaaiiui a ieo eeoeai.
Aeaeaa a aecian-ieaia ?ann/eoaia ioeaiea ?enea i?iaeoa. Ii aa
?acoeueoaoai aeaeii, /oi o?e iaeaieaa nouanoaaiiuo ?enea – yoi
iaaeinoaoi/iue ni?in ia i?iaeoeoeeth, iiauoaiea oeai ia eiiieaeoothuea e
ianoaaeeueiia ea/anoai eiiieaeoothueo.
I?aaeiieaaaaiue iaeaieaa yooaeoeaiue niinia iiieaeaiey ia?aiai ?enea –
yoi oeacaiiay auoa ?aeeaia. E?iia oiai, i?aaeiieaaaaony aeoeaiia o/anoea
a oi?oiao e ?acee/iuo aunoaaeao ii aeaiiie oaiaoeea, i?iaaaeaiea
i?acaioaoeee e ae?oaay iiaeiaiay aeoeaiay aeayoaeueiinoue. ?aoaiea
aii?ina i iiauoaiee oeai ia eiiieaeoothuea i?aaeiieaaaaony iooai
caeeth/aiey ia?niiaeueiuo eiio?aeoia n oe?iaie-iinoaaueeaie eee eo
ioeoeeaeueiuie i?aaenoaaeoaeyie, a oaeaea oaaee/aiea eiee/anoaa
oe?i-iinoaaueeia. I?aaaea yoi ianeieueei ia niioaaonoaoao niiniao
oiaiueoaiey o?aoueaai ?enea – auai? iaeaieaa iaaeaaeiiai iinoaaueea n
aa?aioe?iaaiiui ea/anoaii eiiieaeoothueo. Ii aeaiiue ?ene ii ?aiaee?iaea
noieo ia aeaa ioieoa iinea i?aaeuaeouaai, iiyoiio i?eaaaaoue e aeaiiiio
niiniao aai oiaiueoaiey neaaeoao oieueei a e?aeiai neo/aa, oi anoue i?e
?aaeueii iaeii ?enea iiaaoaiey oeai iinoaaueea ea/anoaaiiuo
eiiieaeoothueo. Inoaeueiua ?enee i?eieiathony iaeiaa?iyoiuie e
eaaeiono?aiyaiuie.
Neaaeothuee ?acaeae aecian-ieaia – “Oeiainiaue ieai”.
Ii ?acoeueoaoai ?an/aoa naaanoieiinoe aaeeieoeu i?iaeoeoeee ieaiiaay
naaanoieiinoue ninoaaeo 15 749 000 ?oa., i?aaeiieaaaaiay i?eaueue n
aaeeieoeu i?iaeoeoa ?aaia 3 000 000 ?oa. e oaeei ia?acii iauay
noieiinoue ?aaio iieo/eony ?aaiie 21 889 000 ?oa. Iaoa?eaeueiua cao?aou
iieo/athony 11 818 000 ?oa., naaanoieiinoue ia?a?aaioee 4 001 000 ?oa.
Oanoiaay naoue, ioiinyuayny e iai?oaeiaaieth, i?aaeiacia/aia aeey
eiio?iey ?aaioiniiniaiinoe e ea/anoaa auioneaaiie i?iaeoeoeee.
I?iaiic iauaia i?iecaiaenoaa e ?aaeecaoeee i?iaeoeoeee ?ann/eoai ia o?e
aiaea e aeeth/aao ?an/ao oeaiu e naaanoieiinoe aaeeieoeu i?iaeoeoeee i?e
eciaiaiee iauaia i?iecaiaenoaa. Aeaeaa a oeiainiaii ieaia i?eaiaeeony
n/ao i?eaueae e oauoeia. Ii ?acoeueoaoai aaeaina aeioiaeia e ?anoiaeia
ii /enoie i?eauee, ninoaaeythuae 302 680 000 ?oa. a ianyoe,
ia?ani?aaeaeaiiay i?eaueue ninoaaeo 246 359 000 ?oa. a ianyoe. E
iaeiiaoe, ii eoiaai ?an/aoa eiyooeoeeaioia ioeaiee oeiainiaie
aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaei?eyoey, ?aioaaaeueiinoue i?iecaiaeeiiai ecaeaeey
?aaia 1.351, a ?aioaaaeueiinoue i?iaeoeoeee – 0.328.
Nouanoai i?iaeoa:
Nae/an ia ?uiea io/aoeeai iaiaoeeanue oaiaeaioeey e iaoeeiiiiio
aic?anoaieth ni?ina ia n?aaenoaa ioeueoeiaaeea. Iaeiaei nouanoaothuee
?uiie ia?niiaeueiuo eiiiuethoa?ia ia a iieiie ia?a iiaeao
oaeiaeaoai?eoue yoe aic?anoathuea iio?aaiinoe. I?aaei?eyoey e aeaaea
iau/iua iieueciaaoaee aeiiaoieo eiiiuethoa?ia ioaeaeathony a
iieiioeaiiie ioeueoeiaaeeeiie ?aai/ae noaioeee, iniauaiiie a
niioaaonoaee e eo cai?inai. Aio ii/aio iao i?iaeo i?aaenoaaeyaony
aanueia ia?niaeoeaiui. I?iaeoeo ieaie?oaony niae?aoue ec eiiieaeoothueo
eo/oeo oe?i n ie?iaui eiaiai, /oi oaeaea aeieaeii noeioee?iaaoue aai
nauo.
I?aaeiieaaaaony, /oi ii oeaia i?iaeoeo aoaeao aeinooiai ia oieueei
i?aaiecaoeeyi ii e iieueciaaoaeyi aeiiaoieo eiiiuethoa?ia, eioi?ua
aeaeatho eiaoue aunieiea/anoaaiioth ioeueoeiaaeea noaioeeth aeiia.
Niioaaonoaaiii yoeie eaoaai?eyie e ii?aaeaeyaony e?oa aiciiaeiuo
iieoiaoaeae i?iaeoeoa.
I?aaeiieaaaaiia iacaaiea ecaeaeey – “Aaia?ae”, /oi aeieaeii
neiaieece?iaaoue nei?inoue aai ?aaiou. Ecaeaeea eiiieaeooaony 10
nei?inoiui CD-ROM aeeneiaiaeii, i?ioanneiiaeueiie caoeiaie ieaoie,
aunieinei?inoiui iiaeaiii e ieaoie ioeeo?iaee aeaeaiecia?aaeaiey.
Eniieuecoaony ioeueoeiaaeea iiieoi? n i?eaeiaeueiui aeecaeiii. A ei?ion
iiieoi?a aiiioe?iaaiu caoeiaua eieiiee, iicaieythuea aeiaeoueny aunieiai
ea/anoaa caoea. Aeecaei ecaeaeey a oeaeii auiieiai ia /?acau/aeii
aunieii ynoaoe/aneii o?iaia. Iaoa ecaeaeea ia oieueei aoaeao auiieiyoue
naie iniiaiua ooieoeee, ii e oe?aneo aeii eee ioen iieoiaoaey.
I?aaeiieaaaaiay oeaia – 21 889 000 ?oa.
Ieai ia?eaoeiaa.
Aiaeec iieiaeaiey aeae a io?anee.
A ianoiyuaa a?aiy a noa?a i?iecaiaenoaa ia?niiaeueiuo eiiiuethoa?ia
iaiaoeeny naeaea a noi?iio n?aaenoa ioeueoeiaaeea, iaeiaei a oeaeii
io?aneue iaaeinoaoi/ii iia?aoeaii ?aaae?oao ia aic?inoea iio?aaiinoe a
ieo. Aieueoay /anoue eiathueony ia ?uiea ecaeaeee oaeiai ?iaea onooiatho
iaoaio a oaoie/aneeo ia?aiao?ao e ia a iieiie ia?a oaeiaeaoai?ytho
iio?aaiinoe ?uiea. Caiaoia iaiaoiaeeiinoue a naiie nia?aiaiiie e
aeaenoaeoaeueii ea/anoaaiiie ioeueoeiaaeeeiie ?aai/ae noaioeee. Ia
iniiaaiee yoiai iiaeii iaeeaeaoue onoie/eai aunieiai ni?ina ia iaoa
ecaeaeea.
Oae eae iao/ii-oaoie/aneee i?ia?ann a aeaiiie io?anee eaeao eae ieaaea
auno?i, iio?aaoaony oaeouee ia?aniio? oaoie/aneiai o?iaiy ecaeaeey e
i?eaaaeaiea aai a niioaaonoaea n iio?aaiinoyie. Ii ia aeaiiue iiiaio
oaoie/aneee o?iaaiue ecaeaeey iicaieyao i?iecaanoe oaeie ia?aniio? ia
?aiaa /ai /a?ac aeaa aiaea iinea ia/aea i?iecaiaenoaa.
Aiaeec ?uiea nauoa.
Aeaiiia ecaeaeea ia?aiia/aeueii i?aaeiacia/aii aeey i?iaeaaee a
i?aaeaeao Aa?iiaeneie /anoe ?innee, oae eae eiaiii a yoie /anoe no?aiu
iaeaieaa y?ei au?aaeaia iio?aaiinoue a iaoai i?iaeoeoa. Yoi naycaii n
iaee/eai aieueoiai /enea e?oiiuo ai?iaeia, a eioi?ii ieioiinoue
?aniieiaeaiey oe?i e ioaeaeueiuo iieueciaaoaeae – iioaioeeaeueiuo
iieoiaoaeae ecaeaeey ianiecia?eii auoa, /ai a inoaeueiie /anoe no?aiu.
Yoi naycaii oaeaea e n eo/oeie oeiainiauie aiciiaeiinoyie aeeoaeae
e?oiiuo ai?iaeia.
Iniiaiie ieaie?oaiue aeae i?iaeaae – iiooo/iue. Iaeiaei aeey
iieoiaoaeae, i?eia?aooeo aieaa 10 ecaeaeee ieaie?othony neeaeee a
?acia?a 3-7% io iauae noieiinoe ecaeaeee.
Aeey i?iaeaeaeaiey ecaeaeey ia ?uiie aoaeao oe?iei eniieueciaaoueny
?aeeaia a n?aaenoaao ianniaie eioi?iaoeee. Ieaie?oaony oe?ieia o/anoea a
oi?oiao e aunoaaeao ii aeaiiie oaiaoeea. Yoi i?aaenoaaeyaony iieaciui
aeey i?iiaaaiaeu iaoaai ecaeaeey, caaiaaaiey ecaanoiinoe e aaoi?eoaoa e
aeey i?eaea/aiey iieoiaoaeae.
Oaea a ia?aia a?aiy iaeeaeaaony aunieay ?aioaaaeueiinoue ,
inouanoaeythuayny ca n/ao n?aaieoaeueii iaaunieie naaanoieiinoe
i?iaeoeoa, yaeythuaeny ?acoeueoaoii iioiauo iieoiie eiiieaeoothueo
i?aeiouanoaaiii o oe?i – ioeoeeaeueiuo i?aaenoaaeoaeae i?iecaiaeeoaeae.
Aiaeec eiieo?aioeee.
A ianoiyuaa a?aiy ia ?uiea iaeuecy auaeaeeoue e?oiiaeoaai i?iecaiaeeoaey
ecaeaeee oaeiai ?iaea. Nouanoaoao iiiaeanoai iaeeeo e n?aaeieo eiiiaiee,
eioi?ua iuoathony caiieieoue yoo ieoo ia ?uiea, iaeiaei iauai e
oaoie/aneee o?iaaiue eo i?iaeoeoeee, ii ioeaieai iaoeo yenia?oia, yaii
iaaeinoaoi/ai aeey oaeiaeaoai?aiey ?uii/iuo iio?aaiinoae. Eae i?aaeei,
oe?iu eiieo?aiou ia aeaeatho oii? ia ioeueoeiaaeeeiua noaioeee e
iiaeiaiua i?iaeoeou i?enoonoaotho o ieo a ?yaeo ae?oaeo. Eiieo?aiou
oe?iei eniieuecotho ?aeeaio, a iniiaiii a ia/aoiuo ecaeaieyo, e
i?aeoeeotho auione naieo ?aeeaiiuo a?ioth? e eenoeia (ii aeaeaei ia
ana). Ii, eae oaea auei caia/aii, ioeueoeiaaeeeiua i?iaeoeou caieiatho
iaiueooth /anoue a niaeo?a iai?oaeiaaiey, i?aaeeaaaaiii
oe?iaie-eiieo?aioaie. A ioiioaiee aeaiiiai i?iaeoeoa eiieo?aioiniiniaiue
iioaioeeae iaoae oe?iu ii ioiioaieth e naiui e?oiiui eiieo?aioai,
ninoaaeyao, eae ioeaieaatho yenia?ou, ii iaiueoae ia?a 2.5/1 (ia aeaiiue
iiiaio).
Ioeaiea ?enea i?iaeoa.
Enoiaey ec ioeaiie yenia?oia auea i?iaaaeaia ioeaiea ?enea, niaeanii
iaoiaeeea, i?eaaaeaiiie a [1].
Oaaeeoea 1.1
Aeae ?enea Aa?iyo-
iinoue I?ei?eoao
Iiauoaiea oeai ia eiiieaeoothuea 0.3 1
Iaaeinoaoi/iue ni?in 0.2 1
Nieaeaiea oeai eiieo?aioaie 0.5 2
Iaieaoaaeaniiniaiinoue iio?aaeoaeae 0.3 2
?ino iaeiaia 0.1 2
Iiyaeaiea aeueoa?iaoeaiiai i?iaeoeoa 0.3 2
Ianoaaeeueiia ea/anoai eiiieaeoothueo 0.1 1
Iaaeinoaoie iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa 0.2 2
Iaaeinoaoi/iue o?iaaiue ca?ieaou 0.2 2
Ioiioaiea aana ia?aiai i?ei?eoaoa ei aoi?iio f=3
Aana a?oii:
W2=2/K*(f+1)=0.25 (aaea E – ? i?ei?eoaoa = 2)
W1=(W2*(K-1)*f+1-1)/K-1=0.75
Aana i?inouo ?eneia a ia?aie i?ei?eoaoiie a?oiia ?aaiu 0.75/3=0.25
Ai aoi?ie a?oiia: 0.25/6=0.042.
Oaaeeoea 1.2
Aeae ?enea Aa?iyoiinoue Aan Aaeeu (aa?*aan)
Iiauoaiea oeai ia eiiieaeoothuea 0.3 0.25 0.075
Iaaeinoaoi/iue ni?in 0.2 0.25 0.05
Nieaeaiea oeai eiieo?aioaie 0.5 0.042 0.021
Iaieaoaaeaniiniaiinoue iio?aaeoaeae 0.3 0.042 0.0126
?ino iaeiaia 0.1 0.042 0.0042
Iiyaeaiea aeueoa?iaoeaiiai i?iaeoeoa 0.3 0.042 0.0126
Ianoaaeeueiia ea/anoai eiiieaeoothueo 0.1 0.25 0.025
Iaaeinoaoie iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa 0.2 0.042 0.0084
Iaaeinoaoi/iue o?iaaiue ca?ieaou 0.2 0.042 0.0084
EOIAI – – 0.3172
I?eieiay iieacaoaeue EOIAI ca 100 aaeeia, iaoiaeei cia/aiey ?eneia a
aaeeao:
Oaaeeoea 1.3
Aeae ?enea Cia/aiea a aaeeao ?aiaee?iaaiea
Iiauoaiea oeai ia eiiieaeoothuea 23.6 1
Iaaeinoaoi/iue ni?in 15.8 2
Nieaeaiea oeai eiieo?aioaie 6.6 4
Iaieaoaaeaniiniaiinoue iio?aaeoaeae 4.0 5-6
?ino iaeiaia 1.3 9
Iiyaeaiea aeueoa?iaoeaiiai i?iaeoeoa 4.0 5-6
Ianoaaeeueiia ea/anoai eiiieaeoothueo 7.9 3
Iaaeinoaoie iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa 2.7 7-8
Iaaeinoaoi/iue o?iaaiue ca?ieaou 2.7 7-8
Ii ?acoeueoaoai aeaeii, /oi iaeaieueooth iianiinoue i?aaenoaaeytho
?enee:
1) Iiauoaiea oeai ia eiiieaeoothuea
2) Iaaeinoaoi/iue ni?in
3) Ianoaaeeueiia ea/anoai eiiieaeoothueo
Aeaaiay ia?a ii ai?ueaa n 1 ?eneii – ?anoe?aiea niaeo?a
oe?i-iinoaaueeia. Ii ioeaieai yenia?oia n?aaeiea aa?iyoiinoe ?enea 1 i?e
oaaee/aiee /enea iinoaaueeia a 2 ?aca ninoaaeo 0.1. Iaeiaei i?e yoii
i?iecieaeao oaaee/aiea n?aaeiae aa?iyoiinoe ?aaeecaoeee ?enea 3 aei
0.15..
Aeey ai?ueau n ?eneii 2 iaiaoiaeeii i?iecaanoe oe?ieoth ?aeeaiioth
eaiiaieth a NIE e oai naiui oiaiueoeoue aa?iyoiinoue aai ?aaeecaoeee, ii
ioeaieai, aei 0.15.
Ia?a aeey ai?ueau n ?eneii 3 – aieaa ouaoaeueiue auai? iinoaaueeia. I?e
aai ?aaeecaoeee ioaeii ia?aie/eoue eo e?oa iaaeaaeiuie oe?iaie, oioy yoi
e iiauneo aa?iyoiinoue ?enea 1.
Oeiainiaue ieai.
?an/ao naaanoieiinoe aaeeieoeu i?iaeoeoeee.
Oaaeeoea 2.1. ?an/ao naaanoieiinoe aaeeieoeu i?iaeoeoa.
? Noaouee cao?ao Noiia
(oun.?oa) Iainiiaaiea
1 Nu?uea e iniiaiua iaoa?eaeu –
2 Eiiieaeoothuea e iieooaa?eeaou 11748 oaaeeoea 2.2
3 Oiieeai e yia?aey ia oaoie/aneea ioaeaeu 70 ii oaeoo
4 Ca?ieaoa i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo ?aai/eo 500 oaaeeoea 2.4
5 Io/eneaiey ia nioeeaeueiua ioaeaeu 195 39% io i.4
6 Aii?oecaoeey eee a?aiaea iai?oaeiaaiey 100 oaaeeoea 2.3
Iieo/. cao?aou 12613
7 Oeaoiaua ?anoiaeu 200 40% io i. 4
8 Iauacaaiaeneea ?anoiaeu 500 100% io i.4
9 Iioa?e a?aea 544 4.5% io noi. i?. ?anoiaeia
10 I?i/ea i?iecaiaenoaaiiua ?anoiaeu 1261 10% io noi. i?. ?anoiaeia
11 Iai?iecaiaenoaaiiua ?anoiaeu 631 5% io noi. i?. ?anoiaeia
Eoiai einaaiiuo ?anoiaeia 3136
12 Ieaiiaay naaanoieiinoue 15749 noiia ii 1-11
13 Io/eneaiey ai aiaathaeaeaoiua oiiaeu 745 3.4% io iau. noiei. ?aaio
14 Iieiay naaanoieiinoue 16494 i.12+i.13
IN? = Nie + I?eaueue + Iaeia(20% io Nie) =
= 15749 + 3000 + 3150 = 21899 oun. ?oa.
Iaoa?eaeueiua cao?aou = i.1 + i.2 + i.3 = 11818 oun. ?oa.
Naaanoieiinoue ia?a?aaioee = i.12 – i.1 – i.2 = 4001 oun. ?oa.
Oaaeeoea 2.2 Eiiieaeoothuea
? Iaeiaiiaaiea Eiee/anoai Oeaia ca aae. (oun.?oa.) Noiia
oun.?oa.
1 I?ioeanni? Intel Pentium 150
1
1100
1100
2 Iaoa?eineay ieaoa 1 605 605
3 Ioeueoeiaaeea iiieoi?
1
1925
1925
4 Aeaeaiea?oa 1 1925 1925
5 Aeaeaiieaoa aaiaea-auaiaea 1 1650 1650
6 Aei/anoa? 2Aa 1 1210 1210
7 Oaen-iiaeai 33600 1 825 825
8 Caoeiaay ea?oa 1 1100 1100
9 CD-ROM 10x 1 660 660
10 Ei?ion 1 220 220
11 Eeaaeaoo?a 1 220 220
12 Iuoue 1 110 110
13 Oeiiie-aeeneiaiae 3.5 inch
1
165
165
14 Cooler 1 33 33
Eoiai – noiia?iay oeaia 11748 ouny/ ?oaeae.
Oaaeeoea 2.3 Iainiiaaiea aii?oecaoeee.
N
n/n Iaeiaii-aaiea iai?o-aeiaaiey Oeaia ca aaee-ieoeo
(oun. ?oa.) N?ie neoae-au
(eao) Noia?-iay aii?oe-caoeey ca aiae Noie-iinoue 1 /ana ?aaio
(o.?oa.) Io?a-aioai-
iia a?aiy
(eao) Noiia aii?-oeca-oeee
1 Oanoiaay naoue ninoiyuay ec:
Na?aa?
Pentium Pro
200 IAoe. 1oo
Oa?ieiae
Pentium 150.
5 oo.
12000
9250
6
6
275
275
0.1
0.1
1
1
1151
1151
2 UPS 2100 10 100 0.1 1 976
Oaaeeoea 2.4 Ca?ieaoa i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo ?aai/eo
? Aeieaeiinoue Noaaea
(oun.?oa.) Io?aa. a?aiy Noiia (oun.?oa.)
1 Nai?i/iue ?aai/ee 3500 1 aeaiue 500
I?iaiic iauaia i?iecaiaenoaa e ?aaeecaoeee i?iaeoeoeee.
Oaaeeoea 3.1 I?iaiic iauaia i?iecaiaenoaa e ?aaeecaoeee i?iaeoeoeee.
Aiaeu Eaa?oae
ianyoe Iau?i i?-aa a
iaoo?aeueiuo
aaeeieoeao Oeaia ca aaeeieoeo i?iaeoeoeee
oun. ?oa. Au?o/ea
oun. ?oa.
1 yiaa?ue
oaa?aeue
ia?o
ai?aeue
iae
ethiue
etheue
aaaono
naioya?ue
ieoya?ue
iiya?ue
aeaeaa?ue 0
0
70
70
80
80
80
85
85
90
90
100 –
–
21899
21899
21899
21899
21899
21899
21899
21899
21899
21899 –
–
1532930
1532930
1751920
1751920
1751920
1861415
1861415
1970910
1970910
2189900
2 1-e eaa?oae
2-e eaa?oae
3-e eaa?oae
4-e eaa?oae 300
300
320
320 19500
19500
19500
19500 5850000
5850000
6240000
6240000
3 – 1320 18400 24288000
Oaaeeoea 3.2. ?an/ao oeaiu e naaanoieiinoe aaeeieoeu i?iaeoeoeee i?e
eciaiaiee iauaia i?iecaiaenoaa.
Ia?eiae
?aaeeca-oeee
(aiae) Iau?i i?-aa a iaoo?. aaeeie-oeao Iieiay
naaano.
aaeeieoeu i?i-aeoeoeee iauai*
*naaa-noieiinoue
(o.?oa.) Oeaia ca aaee-ieoeo i?i-aeoeoeee Au?o/ea
(oun. ?oa) I?e-aueue
(o.?oa.)
1996 2*70
3*80
2*85
2*90
1*100 16494
15448
15198
14998
14848 2309160
3151392
2583660
2699640
1484800 21899
21899
21899
21899
21899 3065860
5255760
3722830
3941820
2189900 756700
1548240
1139170
1242180
705100
1997 2*300
2*320 14848
14725 8908800
9424000 19500
19500 11700000
12480000 2791200
3056000
1998 1320 14700 19404000 18400 24288000 4884000
N/ao i?eaueae e oauoeia ii i?iaeoeoo.
Oaaeeoea 4.1. ?an/ao naaanoieiinoe ia?a?aaioee i?iaeoeoeee ca o?e
ianyoea.
Iau?i i?iec-aiaenoaa Iieiay naaanoieiinoue aaeeieoeu i?iaeoeoeee
(oun.?oa.) Eiyooeoee-aio eciaiaiey naaanoieiinoe n iauaiii
Naaanoie-iinoue ia?a?a-aioee aaeeie-oeu i?iaeoeoeee
(oun.?oa.) Iauee iau?i ia?a?aaioee
(oun.?oa.)
2*70 16494 1 4001 560140
3*80 15448 0.94 3700 888000
2*85 15198 0.92 3450 586500
2*90 14998 0.91 3250 585000
1*100 14848 0.90 3100 310000
Oaaeeoea 4.2. N/ao i?eaueae e oauoeia ca ia?o ianyoe 1996 aiaea.
N
n/n Iieacaoaee I?eaueue
oun. ?oa. Oauoie
oun. ?oa.
1 Au?o/ea 1532830 –
2 Aaeainiaay i?eaueue
a oii /enea:
378350
–
2.1 i?eaueue io ?aaeecaoeee 378350 –
2.2 i?eaueue io i?iaeaaee
eiouanoaa
–
–
2.3 i?eaueue io ?aaeecaoeee oiaa?ia ia?iaeiiai iio?aaeaiey
–
–
2.4 i?eaueue io aia?aaeecaoeeiiiuo iia?aoeee
–
–
3 *enoay i?eaueue 302680 –
4 Iaeiaiiaeaaaaiay i?eaueue 378350 –
5 Naaanoieiinoue aioiaie i?iaeoeoeee a oii /enea:
–
16494
5.1 naaanoieiinoue ia?a?aaioee
–
4001
5.2 iaoa?eaeueiua cao?aou
12493
6 Auieaou aeeaeaeaiaeia – –
7 Iaeia ia i?eaueue – 75670
8 ?an/aou n athaeaeaoii
(iaineiiiua io/eneaiey, aiaathaeaeaoiua oiiaeu)
–
12107
Aaeain aeioiaeia e ?anoiaeia ii /enoie i?eauee.
Oaaeeoea 5.1 Aaeain aeioiaeia e ?anoiaeia ii /enoie i?eauee ca ianyoe
N
n/n Iieacaoaee Aeioiae
o.?oa. ?anoiae
o.?oa.
1 *enoay i?eaueue 302680 –
2 Naieoeee e oo?aou – 12107
3 Io/eneaiey a ?aca?a – 20000
4 Io/eneaiey a oiiae ?acaeoey i?iecaiaenoaa
–
12107
5 Io/eneaiey a oiiae nioeeaeueiiai ?acaeoey
–
12107
6 Io/eneaiey a aeieaaie oiiae – –
7 Ia?ani?aaeaeaiiay i?eaueue 246359 –
?an/ao eiyooeoeeaioia ioeaiee oeiainiaie aeayoaeueiinoe
i?aaei?eyoey
?aioaaaeueiinoue i?iecaiaeeiiai ecaeaeey 1.351
?aioaaaeueiinoue i?iaeoeoeee 0.328
?aioaaaeueiinoue i?iaeaae 0.247
Nienie eniieueciaaiiie eeoa?aoo?u:
1. Iiiia A.I., Eo?aeia E.I., Eyioiia N.E., Ieiaacia O.O.
“Aecian-ieai: ioa/anoaaiiue e ca?oaaaeiue iiuo. Nia?aiaiiay i?aeoeea e
aeieoiaioaoeey”.
Oaaeeoea. Ieai aeaiaaeiuo iinooieaiee e auieao ia ia?eiae ?ac?aaioee e
?aaeecaoeee i?iaeoa, ?oa
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