Ainoaea?noaaiiay aeaaeaiey noa?u auoa e oneoa
Oieueyooeineee oaoiieiae/aneee einoeooo na?aena
Eaoaae?a “Yeiiiie/aneay oai?ey”
EO?NIAAss ?AAIOA
ii i?aaeiaoo “Aiaeec oeiainiai-oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe
i?aaei?eyoey”
ia oaio: “Aiaeec i?aaiecaoeeiiii-oaoie/aneeo e nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie/aneeo
ia?ii?eyoee ii oeo/oaieth eniieueciaaiey o?oaeiauo ?ano?nia e oiiaea
ca?aaioiie ieaou”
Iiaeaioiaee: nooaeaio a?oiiu Y-1A
Ieeeoi?ia I.A.
I?iaa?eea: Oeeaoiaa A.A.
Oieueyooe 1997
Ieai-Niaea?aeaiea
Ioieo No?aieoea
Anooieaiea
O?oaeiaua ?ano?nu eae iniiaiie yeaiaio aiaeeca oicyenoaaiiie
aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaei?eyoey
Iiiyoea o?oaeiauo ?ano?nia e eo eeanneoeeaoeey
Oa?aeoa?enoeea nenoaiu aiaeeca o?oaeiauo iieacaoaeae
Aiaeec eniieueciaaiey o?oaeiauo ?ano?nia a CAI «Aeeioiin»
Aiaeec aeeiaieee /eneaiiinoe ia?niiaea
Aiaeec eniieueciaaiey o?oaeiauo ?ano?nia
Aiaeec i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe o?oaea
Aiaeec oiiaea iieaou o?oaea
Aiaeec aeeyiey ia?ii?eyoee ii oeo/oaieth i?aaiecaoeee o?oaea a CAI
«Aeeioiin»
Auyaeaiea aeeyiey ia?ii?eyoee ia aeeiaieeo i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo iieacaoaeae
Eco/aiea «oceeo iano» a i?aaiecaoeee o?oaea ia i?aaei?eyoee
Caeeth/aiea
I?eeiaeaiey
Eniieueciaaiiay eeoa?aoo?a
Anooieaiea
Iiiyoea o?oaeiauo ?ano?nia e eo eeanneoeeaoeey
E o?oaeiaui ?ano?nai ioiineony oa /anoue ianaeaiey, eioi?ay iaeaaeaao
iaiaoiaeeiuie oece/aneeie aeaiiuie, ciaieyie e iaaueaie o?oaea a
niioaaonoaothuae io?anee. Aeinoaoi/iay iaania/aiiinoue i?aaei?eyoee
ioaeiuie o?oaeiauie ?ano?naie, eo ?aoeeiiaeueiia eniieueciaaiea, aunieee
o?iaaiue i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe o?oaea eiatho aieueoia cia/aiea aeey
oaaee/aiey iauaiia i?iaeoeoeee e iiauoaiey yooaeoeaiinoe i?iecaiaenoaa.
A /anoiinoe, io iaania/aiiinoe i?aaei?eyoey o?oaeiauie ?ano?naie e
yooaeoeaiinoe eo eniieueciaaiey caaenyo iauai e naiaa?aiaiiinoue
auiieiaiey anao ?aaio, yooaeoeaiinoue eniieueciaaiey iai?oaeiaaiey,
iaoei, iaoaieciia, e eae ?acoeueoao – iauai i?iecaiaenoaa i?iaeoeoeee,
aa naaanoieiinoue, i?eaueue e ?yae ae?oaeo yeiiiie/aneeo iieacaoaeae.
A ioa/anoaaiiie eeoa?aoo?a ii yeiiiieea e noaoenoeea o?oaea oe?iei
?ani?ino?aiai oa?iei «o?oaeiaua ?ano?nu», eioi?ue aiciee a ia?aua aiaeu
niaaoneie aeanoe e eniieueciaaeny aeey ioaeae oeaio?aeeciaaiiiai
oi?aaeaiey ethaeneeie ?ano?naie no?aiu. A oneiaeyo, eiaaea ia?yaeo n
i?aaii ia o?oae auea caeiiiaeaoaeueii cae?aieaia iaycaiiinoue eaaeaeiai
o?oaeiniiniaiiai a?aaeaeaieia o?oaeeoueny (eee o/eoueny n io?uaii io
i?iecaiaenoaa), eiaaea ethaee, aeeeoaeueiia a?aiy ia ?aaioathuea aac
oaaaeeoaeueiuo i?e/ei (oaeeo, iai?eia?, eae eiaaeeaeiinoue ia?aie e
aoi?ie a?oii) n/eoaeenue aaaeoueie «ia?aceoe/aneee ia?ac aeecie» e
i?aneaaeiaaeenue ii caeiio, no?iaee noaoenoe/aneee o/ao o?oaeiniiniaiiai
ianaeaiey, o.a. o?oaeiauo ?ano?nia (ia?yaeo n ?ano?naie i?e?iaeiuie e
oeiainiauie) aue iniiaie oeaio?aeeciaaiiiai ieaie?iaaiey
aaeieieno?aoeaii-eiiaiaeiie yeiiiieee.
Iiiyoea «o?oaeiaua ?ano?nu» iiaeii ano?aoeoue e a ianoiyuaa a?aiy, oioy,
eae ia yoii aoaeao neacaii ieaea, o?aaiaaiey ?uii/iie yeiiiieee aeaeatho
iaiaoiaeeiui ia?aoiae iaoae noaoenoeee e i?eiyoiio a iaaeaeoia?iaeiie
i?aeoeea eiiio o/aoo ?aai/ae neeu, ?aeiiaiaeiaaiiiio Iaaeaeoia?iaeiie
i?aaiecaoeeae o?oaea (IIO).
Iiae o?oaeiauie ?ano?naie iiieiatho /anoue ianaeaiey, iaeaaeathuoth
oece/aneei ?acaeoeai, oinoaaiiuie niiniaiinoyie e ciaieyie,
iaiaoiaeeiuie aeey inouanoaeaiey iieaciie aeayoaeueiinoe.
Aic?anoiua a?aieoeu e nioeeaeueii-aeaiia?aoe/aneee ninoaa o?oaeiauo
?ano?nia ii?aaeaeythony nenoaiie .caeiiiaeaoaeueiuo aeoia. Iie (a?aieoeu
e ninoaa) iaiyeenue a ?aciua ia?eiaeu enoi?ee iaoae no?aiu.
Oae, a ia?aie iyoeeaoea (1929-1932 aa.) ieaeiyy a?aieoea
o?oaeiniiniaiiai aic?anoa auea onoaiiaeaia a 14 eao. E. eiioeo aoi?ie
iyoeeaoee (1935- 1937 aa.) yoa a?aieoea auea iiauoaia aei 16 eao. A
aiaeu Aaeeeie Ioa/anoaaiiie aieiu iia aiiaue iionoeeanue aei 14 eao. A
ianoiyuaa a?aiy .a?aieoea o?oaeiniiniaiiai aic?anoa – 16 eao.
Aeey oyniaiey iiiyoey «o?oaeiaua ?ano?nu» iaiaoiaeeii ciaoue, /oi,
ai-ia?auo, a caaeneiinoe io aic?anoa ana ianaeaiea iiaeao auoue
?acaeaeaii ia o?e a?oiiu:
eeoea iieiaea o?oaeiniiniaiiai aic?anoa (a aeaiiia a?aiy – io ?iaeaeaiey
aei 15 eao aeeth/eoaeueii);
eeoea a o?oaeiniiniaiii (?aai/ai) aic?anoa: a ?innee aeaiueiu io 16 aea
54 eao, ioae/eiu io 16 aei 59 eao aeeth/eoaeueii;
eeoea noa?oa o?oaeiniiniaiiai, o.a. iaineiiiiai aic?anoa, ii
aeinoeaeaiee eioi?iai onoaiaaeeaaaony iainey ii noa?inoe: a ?innee
aeaiueiu n 55, a ioae/eiu n 60 eao.
Ai-aoi?uo, a caaeneiinoe io niiniaiinoe e o?oaeo ?acee/atho
o?oaeiniiniaiuo e iao?oaeiniiniaiuo. Eia/a aiai?y, ethaee iiaoo auoue
iao?oaeiniiniaiu a o?oaeiniiniaiii aic?anoa (iai?eia?, eiaaeeaeu I e II
a?oii aeiiaineiiiiai aic?anoa) e o?oaeiniiniaiu a iao?oaeiniiniaiii
aic?anoa (iai?eia?, ?aaioathuea iiae?inoee e ?aaioathuea iaineiia?u ii
noa?inoe).
Enoiaey ec neacaiiiai, e o?oaeiaui ?ano?nai ioiinyony:
1) ianaeaiea a o?oaeiniiniaiii aic?anoa ca eneeth/aieai eiaaeeaeia aieiu
e o?oaea I e II a?oii e ia?aaioathueo eeoe, iieo/athueo iainee ia
eueaioiuo oneiaeyo;
2) ?aaioathuea eeoea iaineiiiiai aic?anoa;
3) ?aaioathuea iiae?inoee a aic?anoa aei 16 eao. Ii ?inneeneiio
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoao iiae?inoee aei 16 eao i?eieiathony ia ?aaioo ii
aeinoeaeaiee eie 15-eaoiaai aic?anoa a eneeth/eoaeueiuo neo/ayo.
Aeiioneaaony oaeaea, a oeaeyo iiaeaioiaee iieiaeaaee e o?oaeo, i?eai ia
?aaioo o/aueony iauaia?aciaaoaeueiuo oeie, i?ioanneiiaeueii-oaoie/aneeo
e n?aaeieo niaoeeaeueiuo o/aaiuo caaaaeaiee ii aeinoeaeaiee eie
14-eaoiaai aic?anoa n niaeaney iaeiiai ec ?iaeeoaeae eee caiaiythuaai
aai eeoea i?e oneiaee i?aaeinoaaeaiey ei eaaeiai o?oaea. Ia
i?e/eiythuaai a?aaea caei?iaueth e ia iaoathuaai i?ioeanno iao/aiey.
*eneaiiinoue anaai ianaeaiey e aai aic?anoiay no?oeoo?a a ?aciua aiaeu
iieacaiu a oaae. 1 (aeaiiua Oaaea?aeueiie neoaeau caiyoinoe ?innee).
Oaaeeoea 1
*eneaiiinoue ianaeaiey ?innee i aai aic?anoiay no?oeoo?a
*eneaiiinoue anaai A oii /enea ianaeaiea a aic?anoa
Aiaeu ianaeaiey ia ia/aei aiaea iieiaea o?o- o?oaeinii- noa?oa o?o-
iei. /ae. % aeiniiniaiiai niaiiai aeiniiniaiiai
1989 147,0 100,0 24,5 57,0 18,5
1992 148,3 100,0 24,1 56,6 19,3
1993 148,7 100,0 24,0 56,0 20,0
1996 147,5 100,0 22,5 56,9 20,6
2001 (i?iaiic) 146,1 100,0 20,1 59,9 20,3
Eae aeaeii ec oaae. 1, n 1989 ii 1993 a. Aeeth/eoaeueii i?ineaaeeaathony
oaiaeaioeee nie?auaiey aeiee ianaeaiey iieiaea o?oaeiniiniaiiai e
o?oaeiniiniaiiai aic?anoia e oaaee/aiey aeiee ianaeaiey noa?oa
o?oaeiniiniaiiai aic?anoa. E eiioeo XX a. a ?innee i?iaiice?oaony
caiaoiia nie?auaiea iauae /eneaiiinoe ianaeaiey e aeiee ianaeaiey a
aei?aai/ai aic?anoa, noaaeeecaoeey aeiee ianaeaiey a iaineiiiii aic?anoa
e aic?anoaiea aeiee ianaeaiey a ?aai/ai aic?anoa, o.a. noa?aiea
ianaeaiey, /oi a aeaeueiaeoae ia?niaeoeaa i?eaaaeao e nie?auaieth
/eneaiiinoe ianaeaiey a o?oaeiniiniaiii aic?anoa.
N na?aaeeiu 1993 a. a iaoae noaoenoeea inouanoaeai ia?aoiae ia
?aeiiaiaeoaioth iaaeaeoia?iaeiuie eiioa?aioeeyie noaoenoeeia o?oaea e
Iaaeaeoia?iaeiie i?aaiecaoeeae o?oaea nenoaio eeanneoeeaoeee ianaeaiey,
a niioaaonoaee n eioi?ie iii aeaeeony ia yeiiiie/anee aeoeaiia e
yeiiiie/anee iaaeoeaiia.
Yeiiiie/anee aeoeaiia ianaeaiea (?aai/ay neea) – yoi /anoue ianaeaiey,
iaania/eaathuay i?aaeeiaeaiea ?aai/ae neeu aeey i?iecaiaenoaa oiaa?ia e
oneoa.
*eneaiiinoue yoie a?oiiu ianaeaiey aeeth/aao caiyouo e aac?aaioiuo.
E caiyoui a ninoaaa yeiiiie/anee aeoeaiiai ianaeaiey ioiinyo eeoe iaiaai
iiea a aic?anoa 16 eao e noa?oa, a oaeaea eeoe iieiaea 16 eao, eioi?ua a
?anniao?eaaaiue ia?eiae:
a) auiieiyee ?aaioo ii iaeio ca aiciaa?aaeaeaiea ia oneiaeyo iieiiai eee
iaiieiiai ?aai/aai a?aiaie, a oaeaea eioth i?eiinyuoth aeioiae ?aaioo;
a) a?aiaiii ionoonoaiaaee ia ?aaioa ec-ca aieacie, ioionea, auoiaeiuo
aeiae, caaanoiaee eee ae?oaeo iiaeiaiuo i?e/ei;
a) auiieiyee ?aaioo aac iieaou ia naiaeiii i?aaei?eyoee.
E aac?aaioiui ioiinyo eeoe a aic?anoa 16 eao e noa?oa, eioi?ua a
?anniao?eaaaiue ia?eiae:
a) ia eiaee ?aaiou e ca?aaioea;
a) ca?aaeno?e?iaaiu a i?aaiao neoaeau caiyoinoe a oeaeyo iienea
iiaeoiaeyuae ?aaiou;
a) caieiaeenue iieneii ?aaiou, o.a. ia?auaeenue a ainoaea?noaaiioth eee
eiiia?/aneea neoaeau caiyoinoe, e aaeieieno?aoeee i?aaei?eyoee, iiiauaee
iauyaeaiey a ia/aoe eee i?aaei?eieiaee oaae e i?aaiecaoeee nianoaaiiiai
aeaea;
a) auee aioiau i?enooieoue e ?aaioa;
ae) i?ioiaeeee iao/aiea eee ia?aiiaeaioiaeo ii iai?aaeaieth neoaeau
caiyoinoe;
Aeey ioianaiey eeoea e eaoaai?ee «aac?aaioiue» iaiaoiaeeii
iaeiia?aiaiiia iaee/ea o iaai /aou?ao ia?auo oneiaee.
O/aueany, nooaeaiou, iaineiia?u e eiaaeeaeu o/eouaathony a ea/anoaa
aac?aaioiuo, anee iie caieiaeenue iieneii ?aaiou e auee aioiau
i?enooieoue e iae.
Yeiiiie/anee iaaeoeaiia ianaeaiea – yoi oa /anoue ianaeaiey, eioi?ay ia
aoiaeeo a ninoaa ?aai/ae neeu. E iae ioiinyony:
a) o/aueany, nooaeaiou, neooaoaee, eo?naiou, iao/athueany a aeiaaiuo
o/aaiuo caaaaeaieyo;
a) eeoea, iieo/athuea iainee ii noa?inoe e ia eueaioiuo oneiaeyo;
a) eeoea, iieo/athuea iainee ii eiaaeeaeiinoe;
a) eeoea, caiyoua aaaeaieai aeiiaoiaai oicyenoaa, ooiaeii ca aeaoueie,
aieueiuie ?iaenoaaiieeaie;
ae) io/ayaoeany iaeoe ?aaioo, o.a. i?ae?aoeaoea aa iiene, en/a?iaa ana
aiciiaeiinoe, ii eioi?ua iiaoo e aioiau ?aaioaoue;
a) ae?oaea eeoea, eioi?ui iao iaiaoiaeeiinoe ?aaioaoue, iacaaeneii io
enoi/ieea aeioiaea.
N?aaiaiea eaoaai?ee «o?oaeiaua ?ano?nu» e «yeiiiie/anee aeoeaiia
ianaeaiea» iieacuaaao, /oi iie ia niaiaaeatho.
Iiai?io iaoae no?aiu io oioaeeoa?iiai no?iy e
eiiaiaeii-aaeieieno?aoeaiie yeiiiieee e yeiiiieea ?uii/iie, e
naiaiaeiiio o?oaeo e cai?aoo o?oaea i?eioaeeoaeueiiai, i?iaicaeaoaiiuo
Eiinoeoooeeae ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee, aeaeaao aanniuneaiiui
eniieueciaaiea iiiyoey «o?oaeiaua ?ano?nu» a aai i?aaeiai niaea?aeaiee.
Ia iiaoo ioiineoueny e o?oaeiaui ?ano?nai, o.a. e iioaioeeaeueii
aiciiaeiui enoi/ieeai oaeiaeaoai?aiey iio?aaiinoae iauanoaa a ?aai/ae
neea, eaoaai?ee eeoe, eioi?uo eia/a eae i?eioaeeoaeueii e o?oaeo ia
i?eaea/aoue.
Iiyoiio a oneiaeyo ?uii/iuo ioiioaiee e naiaiaeiiai o?oaea ?aaeueiia
cia/aiea aeey yeiiiieee eiaao /eneaiiinoue yeiiiie/anee aeoeaiiai
ianaeaiey – ?aai/ae neeu eae oaeoi?a, ia?acothuaai ?uiie o?oaea.
Oa?aeoa?enoeea nenoaiu aiaeeca o?oaeiauo iieacaoaeae
Aiaeec iieaou o?oaea. Aiaeec ia/eiatho n ii?aaeaeaiey noiiu i?aauoaiey
(nieaeaiey) ?anoiaeia ia iieaoo o?oaea ia?niiaea i?aaei?eyoey, caiyoiai
a iniiaiie aeayoaeueiinoe, aeeth/aaiuo a naaanoieiinoue ?aaeeciaaiiuo
oneoa ii n?aaiaieth n eo ii?ie?oaiie aaee/eiie. I?e yoii ii?ie?oaiay
aaee/eia ?anoiaeia ia iieaoo o?oaea ?ann/eouaaaony a niioaaonoaee n
Caeiiii i iaeiaao n i?aaei?eyoee, iauaaeeiaiee e i?aaiecaoeee,
i?aaeoniao?eaathuei oaaee/aiea eee oiaiueoaiea iaeaaaaiie i?eauee ia
noiio i?aauoaiey eee nieaeaiey ?anoiaeia ia iieaoo o?oaea ii n?aaiaieth
n eo ii?ie?oaiie aaee/eiie. Ii?ie?oaiay aaee/eia ?anoiaeia ia iieaoo
o?oaea ii?aaeaeyaony enoiaey ec ?anoiaeia ia yoe oeaee a i?aaeuaeouai
aiaeo n o/aoii ?inoa iauaia ?aaeecaoeee oneoa e onoaiiaeaiiiai
i?aaeoaeuenoaii eiyooeoeeaioa ?inoa ?anoiaeia ia iieaoo o?oaea.
?anoiaeu ia iieaoo o?oaea aiaeece?otho ia oieueei ii i?aaei?eyoeth a
oeaeii, ii i ii ioaeaeueiui oeaoai. I?e yoii auaeaeytho iiae?acaeaeaiey,
aeiionoeaoea i?aauoaiea ii?ie?oaiie aaee/eiu yoeo ?anoiaeia, eco/atho
i?e/eiu, au?aaaouaatho yooaeoeaiua ?aoaiey ii eo i?aaeoi?aaeaeaieth.
Oae eae iauaeoii iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey yaeyaony noiia i?aauoaiey n?aaenoa,
iai?aaeyaiuo ia iio?aaeaiea (?anoiaeia ia iieaoo o?oaea, aeeth/aaiuo a
naaanoieiinoue oneoa, ?acee/iuo auieao ca n/ao i?eauee, aeioiaeia ii
aeoeeyi e ae?oaeo n?aaenoa, ?anoiaeoaiuo ia iio?aaeaiea), ii n?aaiaieth
n iaiaeaaaaiui ?acia?ii yoeo n?aaenoa, ii?aaeaeyaiui a onoaiiaeaiiii
caeiiii ii?yaeea. A yoeo oneiaeyo iauaeoii aiaeeca eniieueciaaiey oiiaea
iieaou o?oaea noaiiaeony oaeaea ii?aaeaeaiea niioaaonoaey noiiu
n?aaenoa, iai?aaeyaiuo ia iio?aaeaiea, iaiaeaaaaiiio ?acia?o yoeo
n?aaenoa, auyaeaiea i?e/ei, aucaaaoeo i?aauoaiea yoiai ?acia?a,
au?aaioea ?aeiiaiaeaoeee ii niaa?oainoaiaaieth nenoai e oi?i iieaou
o?oaea. Aeey aiaeeca eniieuecotho aeaiiua ?an/aoia ii iaeiao,
?aaoee?othuai ?anoiaeiaaiea n?aaenoa, iai?aaeyaiuo ia iio?aaeaiea.
A ioee/ea io ia?niiaea, caiyoiai i?iecaiaenoaii oneoa e i?iaeoeoeee,
oiiae ca?ieaou ?aaioieeia, ianeoaeeaathueo i?aaei?eyoea, ia caaeneo io
iauaia ?aaeecaoeee oneoa e i?iaeoeoeee, iiyoiio a oiaea aiaeeca
onoaiaaeeaatho aai caaeneiinoue io eciaiaiey /eneaiiinoe ?aaioieeia,
aeieaeiinoiuo ieeaaeia, yooaeoeaiiai oiiaea ?aai/aai a?aiaie. Ii
?acoeueoaoai aiaeeca au?aaaouaatho ia?u aeey ono?aiaiey i?e/ei,
aucuaathueo ia?aoeeiiaeueiia eniieueciaaiea n?aaenoa ia iieaoo o?oaea.
Aiaeec eniieueciaaiey n?aaenoa ia iieaoo o?oaea ii eaoaai?eyi ia?niiaea.
A i?ioeanna aiaeeca ii?aaeaeytho ioeeiiaiea oaeoe/aneiai oiiaea iieaou
o?oaea ii eaoaai?eyi ia?niiaea io i?aaeuaeouaai aiaea iiae aeeyieai
eciaiaiey /eneaiiinoe ?aaioieeia e n?aaeiae ca?ieaou iaeiiai ?aaioieea,
ane?uaatho ?aca?au yeiiiiee oiiaea iieaou o?oaea, naycaiiua n
ono?aiaieai i?e/ei, aucuaathueo iaii?aaaeaiiia oaaee/aiea /eneaiiinoe e
ca?ieaou ?aaioieeia.
Aiaeec ninoaaa oiiaea iieaou o?oaea. A i?ioeanna aiaeeca ii?aaeaeytho
ioeeiiaiea io/aoiiai oiiaea io ieaia ii ioaeaeueiui aeaeai iieaou
o?oaea, onoaiaaeeaatho i?e/eiu ioeeiiaiee, auyaeytho ?aca?au yeiiiiee
oiiaea iieaou o?oaea a ?acoeueoaoa ono?aiaiey iai?iecaiaeeoaeueiuo
auieao e iaii?aaaeaiiiai aai oaaee/aiey. Aeey aiaeeca eniieuecotho
aeaiiua oaeouaai oiiaea iieaou o?oaea.
Aiaeec ?aca?aia yeiiiiee n?aaenoa ia iieaoo o?oaea. Yeiiiiey n?aaenoa ia
iieaoo o?oaea aeinoeaaaony i?aaeaea anaai a ?acoeueoaoa nieaeaiey
o?oaeiaieinoe i?iecaiaenoaa oneoa e i?iaeoeoeee, aiaae?aiey a?eaaaeiie
oi?iu i?aaiecaoeee e iieaou o?oaea, ia?aniio?a onoa?aaoeo ii?i au?aaioee
e ?anoeaiie, ii?i ianeoaeeaaiey, eeeaeaeaoeee ooaoiuo eceeoanoa,
i?iaaaeaiey ae?oaeo ia?ii?eyoee, iaania/eaathueo iiauoaiea
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe o?oaea, a oaeaea aneaaenoaea ono?aiaiey
iai?iecaiaeeoaeueiuo auieao e eeeaeaeaoeee iaii?aaaeaiiiai oaaee/aiey
ca?aaioiie ieaou ioaeaeueiuo ?aaioieeia. Iiyoiio iiaen/ao noii
aiciiaeiie yeiiiiee oiiaea iniiaai ia ?acoeueoaoao aiaeeca ?aca?aia
?inoa i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe o?oaea.
Aiaeec niioiioaiey iaaeaeo oaiiaie ?inoa i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe o?oaea e
n?aaeiae ca?aaioiie ieaou e aai aeeyiey ia eniieueciaaiea oiiaea iieaou
o?oaea. Aiaeece?oy niioiioaiea iaaeaeo ?inoii i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe
o?oaea e aai iieaou n?aaeiyy ca?ieaoa iaeiiai ?aaioieea ii?aaeaeyaony
enoiaey ec oiiaea iieaou o?oaea ?aaioieeia, o/anoaothueo a i?iecaiaenoaa
oiaa?ia e oneoa, e eo /eneaiiinoe. I niioiioaiee iaaeaeo ?inoii
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe o?oaea e aai iieaou noaeyo ii eiyooeoeeaioo
iia?aaeaiey.
A i?ioeanna aiaeeca ia oieueei ii?aaeaeytho niioiioaiea iaaeaeo oaiiaie
?inoa i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe o?oaea e n?aaeiae ca?ieaou, ii e
onoaiaaeeaatho auiieiaiea ieaiiaiai niioiioaiey iaaeaeo ieie.
Aiaeec eniieueciaaiey o?oaeiauo ?ano?nia a CAI «Aeeioiin»
Caaea/e e enoi/ieee aiaeeca. Aiaeeco oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe
i?eiaaeeaaeeo aaaeiay ?ieue a niaa?oainoaiaaiee i?aaiecaoeee ca?aaioiie
ieaou, iaania/aiee aa i?yiie caaeneiinoe io eiee/anoaa e ea/anoaa
o?oaea, eiia/iuo i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo ?acoeueoaoia. A i?ioeanna aiaeeca
auyaeythony ?aca?au aeey nicaeaiey iaiaoiaeeiuo ?ano?nia ?inoa e
niaa?oainoaiaaiey iieaou o?oaea, aaaaeaiey i?ia?anneaiuo oi?i iieaou
o?oaea ?aaioieeia, iaania/eaaaony nenoaiaoe/aneee eiio?ieue ca ia?ie
o?oaea e iio?aaeaiey.
Caaea/e aiaeeca eniieueciaaiey oiiaea iieaou o?oaea:
ioeaiea eniieueciaaiey n?aaenoa ia iieaoo o?oaea;
ii?aaeaeaiea oaeoi?ia, aeeythueo ia eniieueciaaiea oiiaea iieaou o?oaea
ii eaoaai?eyi ia?niiaea e aeaeai ca?aaioiie ieaou;
ioeaiea yooaeoeaiinoe i?eiaiyaiuo oi?i iieaou o?oaea e aeaeia ca?aaioiie
ieaou, nenoai i?aie?iaaiey ?aaioieeia,
auyaeaiea ?aca?aia ?aoeeiiaeueiiai eniieueciaaiey n?aaenoa ia iieaoo
o?oaea, iaania/aiey iia?aaeathuaai ?inoa i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe o?oaea ii
n?aaiaieth n iiauoaieai aai iieaou.
Enoi/ieee eioi?iaoeee aeey aiaeeca: ieai yeiiiie/aneiai e nioeeaeueiiai
?acaeoey i?aaei?eyoey, noaoenoe/aneay io/aoiinoue ii o?oaeo o.N 1-o
«Io/ao ii o?oaeo», i?eeiaeaiea e o.N 1-o «Io/ao i aeaeaeaiee ?aai/ae
neeu, ?aai/eo iano», o.N 2-o «Io/ao i eiee/anoaa ?aaioieeia a aiia?aoa
oi?aaeaiey e iieaoa eo o?oaea», aeaiiua oaaaeueiiai o/aoa e ioaeaea
eaae?ia.
Aiaeec aeeiaieee /eneaiiinoe ia?niiaea
Iniiaiuie caaea/aie aiaeeca yaeythony neaaeothuea:
eco/aiea e ioeaiea iaania/aiiinoe i?aaei?eyoey e aai no?oeoo?iuo
iiae?acaeaeaiee o?oaeiauie ?ano?naie a oeaeii;
ii?aaeaeaiea e eco/aiea iieacaoaeae oaeo/anoe eaae?ia;
Iaania/aiiinoue i?aaei?eyoey o?oaeiauie ?ano?naie ii?aaeaeyaony
n?aaiaieai oaeoe/aneiai eiee/anoaa ?aaioieeia ii eaoaai?eyi e i?ioanneyi
n ieaiiaie iio?aaiinoueth. Iniaia aieiaiea oaeaeyaony aiaeeco
iaania/aiiinoe i?aaei?eyoey eaae?aie iaeaieaa aaaeiuo i?ioannee.
Iaiaoiaeeii aiaeece?iaaoue e ea/anoaaiiue ninoaa o?oaeiauo ?ano?nia ii
eaaeeoeeaoeee.
*oi aea iu aeaeei aeyaey ia Oaaeeoeo 1 i?eeiaeaiey?
A ia?aoth i/a?aaeue a?inaaony a aeaca oi, /oi ana aiaeece?oaiua aiaea
i?aaei?eyoea ?aaioaei n iaaeinoa/ae ia?niiaea ieiei 2%. Yoi yaeeinue
?acoeueoaoii iai?iaeoiaiiie eaae?iaie iieeoeee i?aaei?eyoey, a ca/anooth
auei aucaaii eneonnoaaiii naiei ia?niiaeii, oae eae aiciiaeiinoue
auiieieoue aieueoee iauai ?aaio iicaieyea e aieueoa ca?aaaouaaoue. Yoio
oaeo aiai?eo i oii, /oi ieaiiaia eiee/anoai ia?niiaea caauoaii, aaeaeo
ioeai/iiai ii?ie?iaaiey i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo iieacaoaeae ?aaiou ?aai/eo e
neoaeaueo. Auaiae ia yoii iiaeii naeaeaoue acaeyioa e ia oaaeeoeo 3
i?eeiaeaiey, aaea iaeiicia/ii aeaeia nouanoaaiiay ia?a?aaioea eaaeaeiai
?aai/aai, oioy yoi a iniiaiii ?acoeueoao ae?oaeo i?e/ei, i eioi?uo
aoaeao neacaii ieaea.
Ni?aaaaeeeainoe ?aaee ioaeii neacaoue, /oi iniiaiay iaaeinoa/a
/eneaiiinoe ia?niiaea neeaaeuaaaony ii noaouea «Neoaeauea» (auaiae ia
yoii oae aea iiaeii naeaeaoue, acaeyioa ia i?eeiaeaiea 3), a yoi aiai?eo
ia iaiainiiaaiiii ?acaeoaaiee ooaoia oi?aaeai/aneiai caaia,
naeaeaoaeuenoaoao i iaiaoiaeeiinoe ia?aniio?a ooaoiuo ?anienaiee a
noi?iio oiaiueoaiey /eneaiiinoe.
Ii aa?iainy e oaaeeoea 1 i?eeiaeaiey.
Oae eae i?aaei?eyoea aeinoaoi/ii iieiaeia (?anniao?eaaaiue ia?eiae
ioaaouaaao iieiaeio aai aic?anoa), i?eyoii ioiaoeoue iaiaoeaoothny
oaiaeaioeeth e noaaeeecaoeee eaae?iaiai ninoaaa e ionaeaaieth neo/aeiuo
ethaeae, ia yoii naeaeaoaeuenoaoao eiyooeoeeaio iinoiyinoaa ia?niiaea
i?aaei?eyoey, oaaee/eaoeeny ia 0,037. Iinea iciaiaiiaaaoaainy neeueiuie
eaae?iauie ia?aiaiaie 1996 aiaea, a 1997 aiaeo aeinoeaiooa noaaeeecaoeey
ii anai iieacaoaeyi: eiyooeoeeaio iai?ioa ii auauoeth oiaiueoeeny ia
0,037, a eiyooeoeeaio oaeo/anoe eaae?ia ia 0,03. ?aceia iaaeaiea
eiyooeoeeaioa iai?ioa ii i?eaio ia?niiaea yaeeinue ?acoeueoaoii inaiaiey
aieueoeo i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo iiuiinoae a1996 aiaeo, /ai 1997 aiae e
niaeaeaieth iioaanoaoueny ia iiaeao.
Aaaeii oaeaea ioiaoeoue, /oi ?oeiaiaenoai i?aaei?eyoey naeaeaei auaiaeu
ec aieiu oaieueiaiee i?ieaoeaoaeny a 1996 aiaeo (a iniiaioth /anoue
oaieeaoeony ninoaaeyee eiaiii iiuoiua niaoeeaeenou, ?aaioathuea n
iniiaaiey i?aaei?eyoey e onoaaoea io ionouo iaauaiee e ?aaiou ia aieii
yiooceacia), ?ino /enea oaieeaoeony i?iecioae aieaa /ai a 1,5 ?aca,
i?iaaei a aeeciue ?yae eciaiaiee, einioaoeony a ia?aoth i/a?aaeue
niaa?oainoaiaaiey oneiaee e nenoaiu iieaou o?oaea. Eae ?acoeueoao –
nieaeaiea /enea oaieeaoeony ii/oe a 2,5 ?aca.
Aiaeec eniieueciaaiey o?oaeiauo ?ano?nia
Iieiioo eniieueciaaiey o?oaeiauo ?ano?nia iiaeii ioeaieoue ii
eiee/anoao io?aaioaiiuo e /ania iaeiei ?aaioieeii ca aiaeece?oaiue
ia?eiae a?aiaie, a oaeaea ii noaiaie eniieueciaaiey oiiaea ?aai/aai
a?aiaie.
Yoiio aii?ino iinayuaia oaaeeoea 2 i?eeiaeaiey.
A ia?aoth i/a?aaeue ioaeii ioiaoeoue iaiaoeaoothny o?aaiaeioth
oaiaeaioeeth ?inoa /enea io?aaioaiiuo aeiae iaeiei ?aai/ei, eae ii
n?aaiaieth n i?aaeuaeouei aiaeii oae e n ieaiii, a 1995 aiaeo ?ino
ninoaaee 1 aeaiue, a 1996 – 3, a a 1997 aiaeo aae 18 aeiae. Aucaaii yoi
a ia?aoth i/a?aaeue cia/eoaeueiu i?aauoaieai oaeoe/aneiai auionea iaae
ieaiiaui, a1995 aiaeo ia 20450 iei. ?oa., a 1996 aiaeo ia 21070 iei.
?oa., a 1997 aiaeo oaea ia 27900 iei. ?oa., aeaiiua acyou ec oaaeeoeu 3
(i?e yoii neaaeoao o/eouaaoue, /oi aeaiiua ii iauaiai i?iecaiaenoaa
nei??aeoe?iaaiu ia o?iaaiue eioeyoeee e eo niioiioaiea io?aaeaao
?aaeueioth ea?oeio).
Oi/aony caiaoeoue, /oi ?ino iauaiia i?iecaiaenoaa aeaaony iai?inoi,
ianiio?y ia aunieoth (i?aauoathuoth ieaiiaoth) eioaineaiinoue o?oaea
?aai/eo naa?oo?i/ii io?aaioaiiia a?aiy ninoaaeei a 1995 aiaeo 312.8
ouny/ /ania, a 1996 aiaeo /ooue iaiueoa – 299.3 ouny/ /ania, a a 1997
aiaeo yoa oeeo?a noaea oaeaniie 568.7 oun./. Anee ioeaieoue yoi a
io?aaioaiiuo naa?o ii?iu ?aai/eo aeiyo, oi iieo/eony, /oi eaaeaeue
?aai/ee a 1995 aiaeo io?aaioae eeoieo 88 aeiae, a 1996 – 91 aeaiue, a a
1997 aiaeo 109! Oi anoue o?oaeyueany ?aaioaee i?aeoe/anee aac auoiaeiuo
e i?acaeieeia!
Iiaeao yoi ?acoeueoao caauoaiey oaeoe/anee io?aaioaiiiai a?aiaie
?aai/eie iia?aiaiueeaie e eo ?oeiaiaeeoaeyie, ii ana ?aaii yoi yaeaiea
iaii?iaeueii e o?aaoao i?eiyoey n?i/iuo ia?.
Ae?oaie auaiae, eioi?ue iiaeii naeaeaoue ec oaaeeoeu 2, yoi na?ueaciia
nieaeaiea oaeoe/aneie aeeeoaeueiinoe ?aai/ae niaiu. Ianiio?y ia oi, /oi
a 1995 aiaeo iia ninoaaeyea 6,47 /ana, /oi oaea ia 0,53 /ana iaiueoa
ieaiiaie aeeeoaeueiinoe, a1996 aiaeo iia niiaa oiaiueoeeanue ia 0,25
/ana nieceaoenue aei 6.22, e i?iaeieaeaao nieaeaoueny a 1997 –
6.22-0,15=6,07 /ana. Oi anoue ia eaaeaeoth niaio a 1997 aiaeo
i?eoiaeeeny oaea ii/oe /an i?inoiy.
?aeiiaiaeaoeee ii auoiaeo ec yoiai e?eoe/aneiai iieiaeaiey aoaeoo aeaiu
iaie iicaeiaa.
Aiaeec i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe o?oaea
Aeey ioeaiee o?iaiy i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe o?oaea i?eiaiyaony nenoaia
iaiauathueo, /anoiuo e aniiiiaaoaeueiuo iieacaoaeae.
E iaiauathuei iieacaoaeyi ioiinyony n?aaeiaaiaeiaay, n?aaeiaaeiaaiay e
n?aaeia/aniaay au?aaioea i?iaeoeoeee ia iaeiiai ?aaioathuaai a
noieiinoiii au?aaeaiee. *anoiua iieacaoaee – yoi cao?aou a?aiaie ia
i?iecaiaenoai aaeeieoeu i?iaeoeoeee ii?aaeaeaiiiai aeaea a iaoo?aeueiii
au?aaeaiee ca iaeei /aeiaaei-aeaiue eee /aeiaaei-/an. Aniiiiaaoaeueiua
iieacaoaee oa?aeoa?ecotho cao?aou a?aiaie ia auiieiaiea aaeeieoeu
ii?aaeaeaiiiai aeaea ?aaio eee iauai auiieiaiiuo ?aaio ca aaeeieoeo
a?aiaie.
Iaeaieaa iaiauathuei iieacaoaeai i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe o?oaea yaeyaony
n?aaeiaaiaeiaay au?aaioea i?iaeoeoeee iaeiei ?aaioathuei. Aaee/eia aai
caaeneo ia oieueei io au?aaioee ?aai/eo, ii e io oaeaeueiiai aana
iineaaeieo a iauae /eneaiiinoe i?iiuoeaiii-i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai ia?niiaea,
a oaeaea io eiee/anoaa io?aaioaiiuo eie aeiae e i?iaeieaeeoaeueiinoe
?aai/aai aeiy.
Yoio iaeaieaa iauaeoeaiue iieacaoaeue iai iiiiaeao ioeaieoue
iaiaeiie?aoii oiiiyiooay oaaeeoea 3, e oaaeeoea 4 i?eeiaeaiey.
Oioue e aieueoeinoai iieacaoaeae a yoeo oaaeeoeao ia aiooath iioeiecia,
ana-oaee anoue /oi ioiaoeoue.
A ia?aoth, i/a?aaeue yoi ?ino n?aaeiaaiaeiaie au?aaioee ia iaeiiai
?aaioathuaai, eioi?ay a 1995 aiaeo ninoaaeea 31,4 iei. ?oa. ia /aeiaaea,
a 1996 iaiiiai au?inea – 31,6 iei. ?oa., a a 1997 aiaeo au?inea
aeinoaoi/ii na?ueacii, ninoaaea33,7 iei. ?oa. ia /aeiaaea.
I?iaiaeece?oai iiae?iaiaa iaoiaeii oeaiiuo iiaenoaiiaie aeeaae eaaeaeiai
oaeoi?a, aeeythuaai ia n?aaeiaaiaeiaoth au?aaioeo:
?acoeueoaou ?an/aoia aeaeiu a oaaeeoea 4. A iae i?iecaiaeeony iiaen/ao
oaeoe/aneiai i?e?inoa ioiineoaeueii ieaiiaiai o?iaiy.
Nia/aea au/eneei i?e?ino n?aaeiaaiaeiaie au?aaioee iiae aeeyieai
oaaee/aiey eiee/anoaa ?aai/eo a iauae /eneaiiinoe
i?iiuoeaiii-i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai ia?niiaea. Ana o?e aiaea yoio i?e?ino
aanueia iacia/eoaeueiue e i?eia?ii iaeeiaeiaue (eieaaeaony io 237,58 aei
247,35 ouny/ ?oaeae ia /aeiaaea), /oi, a i?eioeeia, e neaaeiaaei
iaeeaeaoue.
Aeeyiea aoi?iai eiee/anoaaiiiai oaeoi?a – eiee/anoaa aeiae io?aaioaiiuo
iaeiei ?aai/ei ai?acaei aieaa nouanoaaiii: a 1995 – 6163 oun. ?oa., a
1996 – 6500 oun. ?oa., a a 1997 – 7911 oun. ?oa. Aeaeia onoie/eaay
oaiaeaioeey e ?inoo, ii yoi aeaeaei ia iiaiae aeey oi?aeanoaa.
I?aaei?eyoea caieiaaony naiiaaenoaii e i/aiue nei?i ianooieo i?aaeae.
Iaiaoiaeeii n?i/ii iaiyoue i?iecaiaenoaaiioth no?aoaaeth.
O?aoee oaeoi? – i?iaeieaeeoaeueiinoue ?aai/aai aeiy. Aio aaea i?inoi?
aeey aeayoaeueiinoe i?iecaiaenoaaiieeia e nieeaeiue caian ?inoa. Ii
?yaeo i?e/ei, eioi?ua iu ?ane?iai ieaea, i?aaei?eyoea iaaeiiieo/eei n
eaaeaeiai ?aaioathuaai i?iaeoeoeee a 1995 aiaeo ia 1797,48 oun. ?oa., a
1996 aiaeo oaea ia 2722,24 ouny/e, a a 1997 ia 3475,02 oun. ?oa.
*oi eanaaony iineaaeiaai, /aoaa?oiai iieacaoaey, oi caeanue ana
i?ae?anii, n?aco aeaeii, /oi ?oeiaiaenoai i?aaei?eyoey nin?aaeioi/eei
naie oneeey eiaiii a yoii iai?aaeaiee.
N?aaeia/aniaay au?aaioea onoie/eai ?anoao (eioa?anii, a anoue ee
i?aaeae), a neaaeiaaoaeueii ?anoao e aa aeeaae oaaee/aiea au?aaioee
n?aaeiaaiaeiaie. Oae a 1995 aiaeo ca n/ao n?aaeia/aniaie au?aaioee ia
iaeiiai ?aai/aai ieaiiaue iieacaoaeue aue i?aauoai ia 9447,41 oun. ?oa.,
a 1996 ia 9936,87 oun. ?oa., a 1997 ia 11000,3 ouny/.
Aiaeec oiiaea iieaou o?oaea
Aiaeec eniieueciaaiey o?oaeiauo ?ano?nia ia i?aaei?eyoee, o?iaiy
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe o?oaea iaiaoiaeeii ?anniao?eaaoue a oaniie nayce n
iieaoie o?oaea. A i?ioeanna aai neaaeoao inouanoaeyoue nenoaiaoe/aneee
eiio?ieue ca eniieueciaaieai oiiaea ca?aaioiie ieaou (iieaou o?oaea),
auyaeyoue aiciiaeiinoe yeiiiiee n?aaenoa ca n/ao ?inoa
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe o?oaea e nieaeaiey o?oaeiaieinoe i?iaeoeoeee.
Aiaeece?oy oaaeeoeo 5 i?eeiaeaiey, caia/aaoue, /oi ?oeiaiaenoai naeaeaei
iaeioi?ua auaiaeu ec o/anoeaoeony a 1996 aiaeo oaieueiaiee. Cia/eoaeueii
oaaee/eeenue eae auieaou ii aieueoeinoao noaoae, oae e iauay noiia
oiiaea iieaou o?oaea.
Iaeuecy neacaoue, /oi a aeeiaieea iniiaiuo noaoae iieaou o?oaea
iaaethaeaeanue eaeay-oi iauay caeiiiia?iinoue, nei?aa anaai, yoi
?acoeueoaou e?aoeia?aiaiiuo aayiee e nethieiooiuo ?aoaiee, naycaiiuo n
eiie?aoiuie i?iecaiaenoaaiiuie caaea/aie. Ii eia-/oi ana-oaee iiaeii
ioiaoeoue.
A ia?aoth i/a?aaeue yoi iacia/eoaeueiue, ii ?ino aeiee ia?aiaiie /anoe a
iauai oiiaea iieaou o?oaea. Iinea iaaeaiey a 1996 aiaeo ia 0,24% yoa
aeiey a 1997 au?inea ia 1,35%, /oi aiai?eo i niauaiee ?oeiaiaenoaii
aeoeaioia a iieaoa o?oaea a noi?iio naeaeueiie nenoaiu.
Ai-aoi?uo, ?ino noii iaoa?eaeueiie iiiiue, eioi?ay a noiia ii anai
eaoaai?eyi ia?niiaea a 1995 aiaeo ninoaaeea 351,2 iei. ?oa., a 1996
aiaeo – 524,5 iei., a 1997 aiaeo 569,2 iei. ?oaeae. Oioy,
ni?aaaaeeeainoe ?aaee iaaei caiaoeoue, /oi a ieaiao auee caeiaeaiu aua
aieueoea noiiu.
Aiaeec aeeyiey ia?ii?eyoee ii oeo/oaieth i?aaiecaoeee o?oaea a CAI
«Aeeioiin»
Auyaeaiea aeeyiey ia?ii?eyoee ia aeeiaieeo i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo iieacaoaeae
N 1996 aiaea n i?eoiaeii ia i?aaei?eyoea iiaiai ia/aeueieea IIOeC ia/aoi
ieaiiia?iia inouanoaeaiea ?aoi?iu i?aaiecaoeee iieaou o?oaea. Aue
iaia/ai e i?iaaaeai ?yae i?aaiecaoeeiiii-oaoie/aneeo e
nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie/aneeo ia?ii?eyoee ii oeo/oaieth eniieueciaaiey
o?oaeiauo ?ano?nia e oiiaea ca?aaioiie ieaou.
Ia aaeaaaynue a iaioaeiua iiae?iaiinoe e?aoei iieoai iniiaiua
iai?aaeaiey aeaenoaee.
Iniiaiie oii? aue naeaeai ia eniieueciaaiea AACianeiai iiuoa ii aaeeiie
oa?eoeeaoeee ?aai/eo e eiaeaia?iiai ia?niiaea. Aaaaeaiea aaeeiie
oa?eoiie naoee iicaieeei noaiaea?oece?iaaoue nenoaio ?aai/eo e
aeieaeiinoiuo ieeaaeia, i?eaaaey eo a niioaaonoaea n eaaeeoeeaoeeae,
neiaeiinoueth auiieiyaiuo ooieoeee e iiuoii ?aaiou.
Aue acyo eo?n ia iianaianoiia aiaae?aiea ia ?aai/eo ianoao nenoaiu
naeaeueiie iieaou o?oaea, n oeaeueth caeioa?aniaaoue eniieieoaeae a
?inoa iauaiia i?iecaiaenoaa.
Eco/aiea «oceeo iano» a i?aaiecaoeee o?oaea ia i?aaei?eyoee
Iniiauaaynue ia ?acoeueoaoao oaoieei-yeiiiie/aneiai aiaeeca
aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaei?eyoey iiaeii i?aaeeiaeeoue neaaeothuee iaai?
ia?ii?eyoee ii iioeiecaoeee i?ioeanna i?iecaiaenoaa.
Ai-ia?auo, eiiieaen oneeee, iai?aaeaiiue ia nieaeaiea aeeeoaeueiinoe
i?inoiaa iai?oaeiaaiey. Iaiiaeaiea ia?ea iai?oaeiaaiey, n oeaeueth
oiaiueoaiey /anoiou iieiiie. Iiauoaiea eaaeeoeeaoeee e iioeiecaoeey
o?oaea ?aiiioieeia, n oeaeueth oeo/oeoue ea/anoai ?aiiioa iai?oaeiaaiey.
Aaaaeaiea iaoa?eaeueiie caeioa?aniaaiiinoe a oiaiueoaiee aeeeoaeueiinoe
i?inoiaa iai?oaeiaaiey o anao eeoe io eioi?uo yoi caaeneo.
Ai-aoi?uo, eciaiaiea neooaoeee oa?aeoa?ecothuaeny oaaee/aieai
eiee/anoaii oaeoe/anee io?aaioaiiuo niai o
i?iiuoeaiii-i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai ia?niiaea. A eiaiii:
Caeoiea aieaa i?iecaiaeeoaeueiiai iai?oaeiaaiey, aiaae?aiea aieaa
nia?aiaiiuo a?aiy naa?aaathueo oaoiieiaee n oeaeueth oaaee/aiey
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe o?oaea, oae eae ia i?eoiaeeony iaeeaeaoue, /oi
i?aaei?eyoea nieceo iauai i?iecaiaenoaa.
Aaaaeaiea no?iai eiio?iey ca o/aoii ?aai/aai a?aiaie, n oeaeueth
oiaiueoaiey i?eienie.
Aeaeueiaeoaa i?iaeaeaeaiea nenoaiu naeaeueiie iieaou o?oaea, n oeaeueth
eiiiainaoeee ?aai/ei iioa?ue io oiaiueoaiey eiee/anoaa oaeoe/anee
io?aaioaiiiai a?aiaie, aucaaiiiai i?aoai?aieai a aeeciue auoaoiiiyioouo
ia?ii?eyoee.
A-o?aoueeo, iaiaoiaeeii cae?aieoue iaiaoeaoothny oaiaeaioeeth ii
noaaeeecaoeee eaae?iaiai ninoaaa i?aaei?eyoey. Aeey yoiai iaiaoiaeeii
i?iaanoe a aeeciue ?yae ia?ii?eyoee a nioeeaeueiie noa?a. Aiiaua
o?iaaiue ia?aiaiiie ninoaaeythuae oiiaea iieaou o?oaea ia aiaeece?oaiii
i?aaei?eyoee cia/eoaeueii ieaea o?iaiy iinoiyiiie. Yoi ?acoeueoao a
ia?aoth i/a?aaeue ianiaa?oainoaa naeaeueiie iieaou o?oaea, aieueoiai
eiee/anoaa iia?aiaiueeia. Ai aoi?oth i/a?aaeue yoi neaaenoaea ianee?iaee
noaoae iieaou o?oaea caaenyueo io eiee/anoaaiiiai o?iaiy i?iecaiaenoaa
i?iaeoeoeee a noaouey iinoiyiiie ninoaaeythuae. Yoi neaaenoaea eceeoia
oneiaeiaiiie nenoaiu i?aaiecaoeee iieaou o?oaea, i?aneaaeothuae oeaeue
naeaeaoue ?aai/aai /aeiaaea caaeneiui io ?oeiaiaenoaa ai anao ioiioaieyo
(nenoaia EOO, iniai aaaeiuo caaeaiee, ?acee/iuo iaaeaaaie e i?aiee).
A oeaeii, ?acthie?oy auoaneacaiiia, iiaeii caeeth/eoue, /oi ?aaioa
i?aaei?eyoey caneoaeeaaao iieiaeeoaeueiie ioeaiee. A iaoa oyaeaeia a?aiy
iii ia oieueei ia nieceei iauaiia i?iecaiaenoaa, ii e i?iaeieaeaao eo
ia?aueaaoue, aaiaey iiaoth iiiaieeaoo?o ecaeaeee e oneoa. Oae aea eae
iieiaeeoaeueiue oaeo iiaeii ioiaoeoue caaioo ?oeiaiaenoaa i ?yaeiauo
nio?oaeieeao, no?aieaiea nicaeaoue ei iaoa?eaeueiua e ii?aeueiua oneiaey
aeey oi?ioae ?aaiou. Eieeaeoea i?aaei?eyoey oiaea iaieioi, iiaeii aeaaea
neacaoue oaea?ii, o?oaeeony, ia ace?ay ia o?oaeiinoe. I?aaei?eyoea eiaao
nieeaeiue i?iecaiaenoaaiiue iioaioeeae e ?aca?au aeey ?inoa.
Eniieueciaaiiay eeoa?aoo?a:
Naaeoeeay A.A. Aiaeec oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaei?eyoey.
Ecaeaiea 2-a, ia?a?aaioaiiia e aeiiieiaiiia. Ieine, EI «Yeiia?niaeoeaa»,
1997.
Aoeaoiaa C.A., THaeeia E.I. Oaoieei-yeiiiie/aneee aiaeec oicyenoaaiiie
aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaei?eyoee auoiaiai ianeoaeeaaiey. Ecaeaiea 2-a,
ia?a?aaioaiiia e aeiiieiaiiia. I.: Eaai?iiauoecaeao, 1991.
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