IAAE?AAEIIAEUeIUA ANNIOeEAOeEE EAE OAEOI? NIA?AIAIIIE ?AAEIIAEUeIIE
IIEEOEEE ?INNEENEIE OAAeA?AOeEE
Iaeaaeaiea
TOC \o “1-3” AAAAeAIEA. GOTOBUTTON _Toc452373398 PAGEREF
_Toc452373398 2
IAAE?AAEIIAEUeIUA ANNIOeEAOeEE YEIIIIE*ANEIAI ACAEIIAeAENOAEss
2.1. Enoi?ey nicaeaiey annioeeaoeee GOTOBUTTON _Toc452373403
PAGEREF _Toc452373403 33
2.2. Ii?iaoeaiua iniiau aeayoaeueiinoe I?A. GOTOBUTTON _Toc452373404
PAGEREF _Toc452373404 37
2.3. I?aaiecaoeeiiiay no?oeoo?a annioeeaoeee GOTOBUTTON _Toc452373405
PAGEREF _Toc452373405 47
NIENIE ENOI*IEEIA E EEOA?AOO?U GOTOBUTTON _Toc452373408 PAGEREF
_Toc452373408 86
Aaaaeaiea.
Aeooaeueiinoue oaiu. Ia/eiay aeaiioth ?aaioo, oioaeinue au i?aaeaea
anaai ia?aoeoue aieiaiea ia ianouiinoue ?anniao?eaaaiie i?iaeaiu.
?inneeneay Oaaea?aoeey caieiaao iaoe?ioth oa??eoi?eth e yaeyaony
ainoaea?noaii, ?aaeiiu eioi?iai eiatho ?acee/iua i?e?iaeii-eeeiaoe/aneea
oa?aeoa?enoeee. Aeaeaa, yoe i?e?iaeii-eeeiaoe/aneea ?acee/ey yaeythony
ii?aaeaeythuei oaeoi?ii nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie/aneie aeeooa?aioeeaoeee.
Iaeiiaoe, ia ana auoaia?a/eneaiiia iaeeaaeuaaaony aua e
nioeeieoeueoo?iay aeeooa?aioeeaoeey, i?iyaeythuayny a ?acee/eyo
ie?iaicc?aiee ianaeaiey ?aaeiiia. Niaieoiiinoue yoeo oaeoi?ia i?eaaea e
oiio, /oi ia oa??eoi?ee ?innee noi?ie?iaaeenue aeinoaoi/ii iainiaeaiiua,
eae oa??eoi?eaeueii, oae e ineoieiae/anee, niiauanoaa. Iiyoiio iaeiei ec
aaaeiaeoeo iai?aaeaiee nia?aiaiiie iieeoieiaee noaei eco/aiea oi?i e
iooae ?acaeoey oaaea?aeecia.
A oi aea a?aiy, eaaeaeia ec oaeeo nouanoaothueo niiauanoa,
einoeooaeece?iaaiiuo a aeaea noauaeoia oaaea?aoeee, i?aoaiaeoao ia
yeiiiie/aneoth naiinoiyoaeueiinoue. Ii a neeo oiai, /oi iiaeiaiay
aaeieieno?aoeaii-oa??eoi?eaeueiay aaeeieoea ia yaeyaony naiiaeinoaoi/iie
a nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie/aneii ieaia, a oaeaea ec-ca i?iecioaaeoaai a
?acoeueoaoa ?aniaaea Niaaoneiai Nithca ia?ooaiey e, ianoaie, iieiiai
?ac?uaa oicyenoaaiiuo naycae ia oa??eoi?ee ?innee, aicieeea
iaiaoiaeeiinoue ainnoaiiaeaiey yoeo naycae a ?aieao aaeeiiai
yeiiiie/aneiai i?ino?ainoaa. Aaaeiui aii?inii a yoie nayce noaei
nicaeaiea eiioeaioeee ?aaeiiaeueiie iieeoeee, eioi?ay niinianoaiaaea au
?aoaieth i?iaeai a oaaea?aoeaiuo ioiioaieyo aioo?e ainoaea?noaa, a a aa
?aieao – iiene iioeiaeueiuo oi?i e iaoiaeia iaae?aaeiiaeueiie
yeiiiie/aneie eioaa?aoeee. Iieeoe/aneeie iioeaaie i?ioeanna iienea
noaee: ai-ia?auo, aeaoeaio?aeecaoeey aeanoe, eioi?ay i?eaaea e oo?aoa
oaaea?aeueiui oeaio?ii niiniaiinoe iieiioeaiii inouanoaeyoue ?yae
i?aaiecaoeeiiiuo e eii?aeeie?othueo ooieoeee; ai-aoi?uo, ?ac?ua naycae,
a ?acoeueoaoa /aai aue oo?a/ai iaoaieci aiaeeyoeee e oeaio?o eae a?aeo?o
a ?ac?aoaiee nii?ia; a-o?aoueeo, iaiaoiaeeiinoue iienea iiauo iooae
oicyenoaaiiie eiiia?aoeee, iauaaeeiaiey oece/aneeo e iaoa?eaeueiuo
?ano?nia aeey ?aaeecaoeee i?iaeoia, eioi?ua iaaiciiaeii ?aaeeciaaoue
iiiaeeii/ea.
Yeiiiie/aneei iainiiaaieai i?ioeanna noaei oi, /oi Neae?ue, Aeaeueiee
Ainoie, O?ae, Naaa?iue Eaaeac e ae?. yeiiiieei-aaia?aoe/aneea ?aaeiiu
i?aaenoaaeytho niaie e?oiiua nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie/aneea eiiieaenu,
eioi?ui oa?aeoa?ia iauiinoue i?e?iaeiuo, eeeiaoe/aneeo, iaoeeiiaeueiuo,
oicyenoaaiiuo e ae?. oaeoi?ia. Oaeaea iaiaoiaeeii o/eouaaoue noiaenoai
no?oeoo?u i?iiuoeaiiinoe, aaeeioth o?ainii?oioth e yia?aaoe/aneoth
nenoaiu, aeecinoue oeeaaea aeecie ianaeaiey.
Ana auoaia?a/eneaiiua iioeau iienea iooae eioaa?aoeee i?eaaee e oiio,
/oi ia oa??eoi?ee ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee iiyaeeenue ianeieueei aeaeia
iaae?aaeiiaeueiiai nio?oaeie/anoaa: nithcu ai?iaeia, annioeeaoeee
oa??eoi?ee, iauaaeeiaiiua ii ?acee/iui i?eciaeai, e ae?.
A ea/anoaa iaeiie ec oaeeo oi?i a ianoiyuee iiiaio aunooiatho
iaae?aaeiiaeueiua annioeeaoeee yeiiiie/aneiai acaeiiaeaenoaey.
Eiiieaeniinoue i?iaeaiu ooieoeeiie?iaaiey iaae?aaeiiaeueiuo annioeeaoeee
caeeth/aaony a oii, /oi, ianiio?y ia cia/eoaeueiue n?ie eo
nouanoaiaaiey, iie oaeoe/anee ia eiatho caeiiiaeaoaeueiie aacu,
?aaeaiaioe?othuae iniiaiua iai?aaeaiey eo aeayoaeueiinoe e
acaeiiioiioaiey n oaaea?aeueiuie aeanoiuie no?oeoo?aie. I?e yoii, ia
iniiaaiee nouanoaothueo ii?iaoeaiuo aeieoiaioia, oai eee eiui ia?acii
cao?aaeaathueo aii?inu aeayoaeueiinoe iaae?aaeiiaeueiuo annioeeaoeee,
iiaeii i?aaeiieiaeeoue, /oi eiaiii yoe no?oeoo?u eiatho iioaioeeae
noaoue aaaeiuie yeaiaioaie iieeoeee, iai?aaeaiiie ia ainnoaiiaeaiea
aaeeiiai yeiiiie/aneiai i?ino?ainoaa no?aiu. A niioaaonoaee n yoei
aicieeaao i?iaeaia niioiioaiey oeaeae e caaea/, eioi?ua noaayo ia?aae
niaie oaaea?aeueiua i?aaiu aeanoe e o/anoieee iaae?aaeiiaeueiuo
iauaaeeiaiee.
Iaeiei ec aeaaiuo aeieoiaioia, io?aaeathueo iiceoeeth oaaea?aeueiiai
oeaio?a, yaeythony “Iniiaiua iieiaeaiey ?aaeiiaeueiie iieeoeee a
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee”, ooaa?aeaeaiiua Oeacii I?aceaeaioa ?O io
03.06.96 a. ? 803. Aaoi?o i?aaenoaaeyaony aaaeiui ?anniio?aiea i?iaeaiu
aeayoaeueiinoe iaae?aaeiiaeueiuo annioeeaoeee eiaiii a ?aieao
eiioeaioeee ?aaeiiaeueiie yeiiiie/aneie iieeoeee, oiai, ianeieueei yoe
iauaaeeiaiey niinianoaotho aa ?aaeecaoeee.
Yoe e ae?oaea iniaaiiinoe e i?ioeai?a/ey ?acaeoey oaaea?aoeaiuo
ioiioaiee cao?aaeaatho aoaeouaa e nia?aiaiiinoue ?innee, noaayo iiaua
aii?inu, eioi?ua o?aaotho io aeanoae anao o?iaiae /aoeiai ii?aaeaeaiey
nouanoaothueo i?iaeai, oa?iaeathueo aa oeaeinoiinoe e aaciianiinoe. E
oaeei i?iaeaiai ioiinyony oa?ica oa??eoi?eaeueiie aeaceioaa?aoeee,
aucaaiiay iao?aaoee?iaaiiinoueth ioiioaiee iaaeaeo oeaio?ii e noauaeoaie
oaaea?aoeee, a oaeaea o?aaiaioe?iaaiiinoueth nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie/aneiai
i?ino?ainoaa no?aiu, ionoonoaeai i?i/iuo yeiiiie/aneeo naycae iaaeaeo
noauaeoaie ?O.
Noaiaiue iao/iie ?ac?aaioaiiinoe i?iaeaiu. I?e eco/aiee aeaiiie oaiu
aiaeec eeoa?aoo?u iieacuaaao, /oi eco/aiea iniiaiuo oi?i e iaoiaeia
?aaeecaoeee ?aaeiiaeueiie iieeoeee i?eia?aei iiaia ecia?aiea.
A ?inneeneie iieeoieiae/aneie eeoa?aoo?a, iinayuaiiie i?iaeaiai
oaaea?aeecia aiiaua e ?aaeiiaeueiie iieeoeea a /anoiinoe, ai aoi?ie
iieiaeia 1990-o aiaeia iiyaeeinue aieueoia eiee/anoai enneaaeiaaiee,
inaauathueo oa eee eiua aniaeou aeaiiie i?iaeaiaoeee. Ia iniiaaiee
aiaeeca yoeo ?aaio iiaeii auaeaeeoue aeaa iniiaiuo iiaeoiaea.
A ?aieao ia?aiai iiaeoiaea, i?aaenoaaeaiiiai a iniiaiii ca?oaaaeiuie
enneaaeiaaoaeyie, iniiaiiieaaathuei yaeyaony iiiyoea “?aaeiiaeecia”:
“iiaeoiae e ?anniio?aieth e ?aoaieth yeiiiie/aneeo, nioeeaeueiuo,
iieeoe/aneeo e ae?oaeo i?iaeai oiai eee eiiai ?aaeiia”. Oi anoue ?aaeii
i?aaeaea anaai anoue iaaeainoaea?noaaiiia iiiyoea, iiyoiio aieueoeinoai
aaoi?ia ?anniao?eaaao iiiyoey “?aaeii” e “?aaeiiaeeci” a i?eiaiaiee e
iaaeaeoia?iaeiui ioiioaieyi e i?ioeannai iaaeainoaea?noaaiiie
eioaa?aoeee. Ii, n ae?oaie noi?iiu, a ?aieao yoiai iiaeoiaea iiaeii
ia?aoeoue aieiaiea ia ?aaiou, a eioi?uo ?anniao?eaathony ?acee/iua
iiaeaee yeiiiie/aneeo acaeiiioiioaiee aioo?e ainoaea?noaa (a iniiaiii,
iaaeaeo oaaea?aeueiui ?acee/iuie o?iaiyie aeanoe)
A ?aieao aoi?iai iiaeoiaea, oa?aeoa?iiai ?inneeneie iieeoieiae/aneie
iunee, iiiyoea ?aaeiia i?eiaiyaony e aiaeeco aioo?aiieo i?ioeannia e
i?e?aaieaaaony e oa?ieio “noauaeo oaaea?aoeee”. I?e yoii /anoi aicieeaao
ia?ana/aiea iiiyoee “yeiiiieei-aaia?aoe/aneiai” e “iieeoe/aneiai”
?aaeiia. Iiae ?aaeiiii iiieiaaony /anoue oa??eoi?ee ?inneeneie
Oaaea?aoeee, iaeaaeathuay iauiinoueth i?e?iaeiuo,
nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie/aneeo, iaoeeiiaeueii-eoeueoo?iuo e eiuo oneiaee. A
oi aea a?aiy nouanoaotho cia/eoaeueiua ?anoiaeaeaiey a iiaeoiaeao e
nicaeaieth eiioeaioeee oaaea?aeecia Oae, anoue ?anoiaeaeaiey ii
i?iaeaia caeeth/aiey aeiaiai?ia n noauaeoaie oaaea?aoeee. Ii iiaieth
iaeieo, yoi aaaeao e oiio, /oi, auno?iea i/a?aaeue eo ?aaeiiia ia
iieo/aiea iieiiii/ee, i?aa e eueaio, ioee/iuo io ae?oaeo, ?inney
i?aa?aoeeanue a aeiaiai?ioth oaaea?aoeeth. Ae?oaea n/eoatho, /oi
aeiaiai?u yaeythony oi?iie ?aaoee?iaaiey ioiioaiee oeaio?a e ?aaeiiia,
eino?oiaioii ie?iiai nouanoaiaaiey e iiaoo auoue ?anniio?aiu a ea/anoaa
yeaiaioa i?ioeanna nicaeaiey iiauo oi?i acaeiiioiioaiee iaaeaeo ?aciuie
o?iaiyie aeanoe. I?e aiaeeca i?iaeaiu ?inneeneie ?aaeiiaeueiie iieeoeee
iaaeaeo enneaaeiaaoaeyie iaia?oaeeaaaony noiaenoai iiaiee a oii, /oi a
iniiaa ainoaea?noaaiiiai ono?ienoaa ?innee aeieaeai iaoiaeeoueny
i?eioeei oaaea?aeecia “eae iaeaieaa aaeaeaaoiue i?eioeei
ainoaea?noaaiiiai ono?ienoaa aeaiie?aoe/aneiai iauanoaa”
Ianiio?y ia cia/eoaeueiia eiee/anoai ?aaio, iinayuaiiuo oaaea?aeecio,
?aaeiiaeueiie iieeoeea e iaiin?aaenoaaiii iaae?aaeiiaeueiui
annioeeaoeeyi yeiiiie/aneiai acaeiiaeaenoaey, iaia?oaeeaaaony
iaaeinoaoie enneaaeiaaiee, eioi?ua au aeaaaee iieiia i?aaenoaaeaiea i
?iee e ianoa yoeo ia?aciaaiee a nia?aiaiiie ?aaeiiaeueiie iieeoeea, ia
iaueo iniiaaieyo iaae?aaeiiaeueie eioaa?aoeee e aa iineaaenoaeyo aeey
yeiiiie/aneiai e iieeoe/aneiai ?acaeoey no?aiu. aiaeec eiathuaeny
eeoa?aoo?u aiai?eo i oii, /oi iiea iao /aoeeo iao/iuo i?aaenoaaeaiee i
eiioeaiooaeueiuo aniaeoao ?aaeiiaeueiie iieeoeee. Aiaeece?othony
i?iaeaiu iieeoeei-i?aaiaiai ?acaeoey ioiioaiee iaaeaeo oeaio?ii e
?aaeiiaie ia o?iaia aeanoiuo no?oeoo?. I?e yoii inoathony iaeco/aiiuie
i?ioeannu, i?aiyonoaothuea iaoaiecio iaeaaeeaaiey nio?oaeie/anoaa
iaaeaeo noauaeoaie oaaea?aoeee.
Anee aiaeece?iaaoue eeoa?aoo?o ii i?iaeaia aioo?eainoaea?noaaiiie
yeiiiie/aneie eioaa?aoeee oa??eoi?eaeueiuo aaeeieoe, oi iiaeii
ioiaoeoue, /oi yoio aii?in yaeyaony io?aaeaieai niaoeeoeee ?inneeneie
iieeoeei-yeiiiie/aneie nenoaiu e iiea ia aucuaaao eioa?an o
ca?oaaaeiuo enneaaeiaaoaeae. A naiie aea ?innee enneaaeiaaiey ii yoie
i?iaeaiaoeea oieueei ia/eiathony, iiyoiio iniiao enneaaeiaaiey
ninoaaeytho enoi/ieee. Enoi/ieeiaoth aaco enneaaeiaaiey iiaeii ?acaeoue
ia aeaa a?oiiu: ii?iaoeaiua aeou oaaea?aeueiuo e ?aaeiiaeueiuo i?aaiia
aeanoe, ?aaeaiaioe?othuea aeayoaeueiinoue iaae?aaeiiaeueiuo
annioeeaoeee; ioaeeeaoeee a ia?eiaee/aneie ia/aoe, io?aaeathuea iiaiey
iieeoe/aneeo aeayoaeae ioiineoaeueii iaae?aaeiiaeueiuo annioeeaoeee.
Aieueoay /anoue ii?iaoeaiuo aeoia, ?aaeaiaioe?othueo aeayoaeueiinoue
annioeeaoeee, yaeyaony iaiioaeeeiaaiiie. E iae ioiinyony aioo?aiiea
aeieoiaiou iaae?aaeiiaeueiuo annioeeaoeee ec ee/iiai a?oeaa aaoi?a:
ieaiu aeaeueiaeoaai ?acaeoey annioeeaoeee, io/aou i ?aaioa ca
ii?aaeaeaiiua n?iee a?aiaie, neoaeaaiua caienee, o.a. aioo?aiiea
aeieoiaiou i?aaiecaoeee. Yoe iaoa?eaeu auee iieo/aiu n iiiiuue
yeaeo?iiiuo aac aeaiiuo Aaeieieno?aoeee I?aceaeaioa ?O, Niaaoa
Oaaea?aoeee e Ainoaea?noaaiiie Aeoiu Oaaea?aeueiiai nia?aiey ?O, n
iiiiuueth anaie?iie yeaeo?iiiie naoe Eioa?iao, a oaeaea /a?ac ee/iua
eiioaeou n i?aaenoaaeoaeyie annioeeaoeee. Yoe iaoa?eaeu ia auee
iioaeeeiaaiu e a nayce ni naiae oieeaeueiinoueth i?aaenoaaeytho
aieueooth oeaiiinoue.
Iao/ioth eeoa?aoo?o ii i?iaeaiaoeea iiaeii ?acaeoue oaeaea ia aeaa
a?oiiu. E ia?aie iiaeii ioianoe iao/iua noaouee, iinayuaiiua
iaiin?aaenoaaiii aiaeeco aeayoaeueiinoe iaae?aaeiiaeueiuo annioeeaoeee
eae einoeoooa. A aeaiiii neo/aa i?aiaeaaeaao ii?iaoeaiue iiaeoiae e
enneaaeiaaieth i?iaeaiu. Aoi?oth a?oiio ninoaaeyao iieeoe/aneay
ioaeeoeenoeea. Eae i?aaeei, aaoi?u, eioi?uo iiaeii ioianoe e yoie
a?oiia, ia?aie/eaathony eiinoaoaoeeae ?yaea yeaiaioia aeayoaeueiinoe I?A
oa?aeoa? e ia iiaoo ?anniao?eaaoueny a ea/anoaa iieiioeaiiiai
enneaaeiaaiey i?iaeaiu.
I?aaeiao enneaaeiaaiey. I?aaeiaoii enneaaeiaaiey aeeieiiiie ?aaiou
yaeyaony iaeia ec oi?i iaae?aaeiiaeueiie yeiiiie/aneie eioaa?aoeee eae
aaaeiay /anoue ?aaeecaoeee ?aaeiiaeueiie iieeoeee ?inneeneie
Oaaea?aoeee. A ianoiyuai enneaaeiaaiee aoaeao ?anniio?aia aeey aieaa
iieiiai ?ane?uoey i?iaeaiu eiioeaioeey ?aaeiiaeueiie iieeoeee ?O,
yaeythuayny noa?aeiai ioiioaiee iaaeaeo oeaio?ii e noauaeoaie
oaaea?aoeee, ai iiiaii aeeythuay ia ?acaeoea yoeo ioiioaiee.
Oeaee e caaea/e Oeaeueth ianoiyuaai enneaaeiaaiey yaeyaony eco/aiea
iaae?aaeiiaeueiuo annioeeaoeee yeiiiie/aneiai acaeiiaeaenoaey eae
oaeoi?a nia?aiaiiie ?aaeiiaeueiie iieeoeee, eo ?iee e ianoa a
iieeoe/aneie nenoaia ?innee. A niioaaonoaee n yoie oeaeueth auee
iinoaaeaiu neaaeothuea caaea/e:
enneaaeiaaoue nia?aiaiioth eiioeaioeeth ?aaeiiaeueiie iieeoeee a
ea/anoaa iniiau acaeiiioiioaiee oeaio?a e noauaeoia oaaea?aoeee;
?anniio?aoue iniaaiiinoe ii?iaoeaiie aacu ?aaeiiaeueiie iieeoeee;
eco/eoue i?e/eiu nicaeaiey iaae?aaeiiaeueiuo annioeeaoeee, eo oeaee e
no?oeoo?o, a oaeaea niioaaonoaea oeaeyi e caaea/ai, i?aaeoniio?aiiui
eiioeaioeeae ?aaeiiaeueiie iieeoeee;
ia iniiaaiee enneaaeiaaiey ii?aaeaeeoue ianoi iaae?aaeiiaeueiuo
annioeeaoeee a nia?aiaiiie ?aaeiiaeueiie iieeoeea ?innee.
Iaoiaeieiae/aneay iniiaa. Iaoiaeieiae/aneoth iniiao aeeieiiiie ?aaiou
ninoaaeyao iieeoeei-i?aaiaie, no?oeoo?iue e nenoaiiue iaoiaeu
enneaaeiaaiey i?ioeannia iauanoaaiiiai ?acaeoey. Iiieii yoiai,
iaoiaeieiae/aneei eino?oiaioa?ee aeeth/aao a naay i?eioeeiu eiie?aoiiai
aiaeeca, i?eaioe?othuaainy ia eiiieaeniia eco/aiea enneaaeoaiiai aii?ina
a i?ioeanna ooieoeeiie?iaaiey e ?acaeoey iauanoaa, oaaea?aoeaiie e
?aaeiiaeueiie nenoai.
Aeey oiai, /oiau ?anniio?aoue iinoaaeaiioth ia?aae aaoi?ii caaea/o,
iaiaoiaeeii iiiyoue, /oi oaeia ?aaeiiaeueiay iieeoeea. N iaeiie noi?iiu,
iiae yoei oa?ieiii iiaeii iiieiaoue “nenoaio oeaeae e caaea/ i?aaiia
ainoaea?noaaiiie aeanoe ii oi?aaeaieth iieeoe/aneei, yeiiiie/aneei e
nioeeaeueiui ?acaeoeai ?aaeiiia no?aiu, a oaeaea iaoaieci eo
?aaeecaoeee”. Ii a yoii ii?aaeaeaiee ieeae ia io?aaeaaony i?iaeaia
ia?aoiie nayce, o.a. aeaenoaey noauaeoia oaaea?aoeee a yoie noa?a.
Iiyoiio ?aaeiiaeueioth iieeoeeo iaiaoiaeeii ?anniao?eaaoue eiaiii eae
nenoaio, niaieoiiinoue ia? ni noi?iiu i?aaiia aeanoe ?acee/iuo o?iaiae.
Aieaa oiai, a yoii iiiyoee aeieaeiu o/eouaaoueny e niaeaniauaaoueny
eioa?anu oaaea?aeueiiai, ?aaeiiaeueiiai e ianoiiai o?iaiae. Eiaiii oaeia
niaeaniaaiea, iaania/eaathuaa ooieoeeiie?iaaiea yeiiiieee ?innee eae
oeaeinoiiai i?aaiecia e aa ?aaeiiaeueiuo ninoaaeythueo eae e?oiiuo
naaeaine?iaaiiuo oa??eoi?eaeueiuo oicyenoaaiiuo eiiieaenia ninoaaeyao
aaaeiaeooth caaea/o ainoaea?noaaiiie iieeoeee ?O.
1.1. Oeaee e caaea/e ainoaea?noaaiiie ?aaeiiaeueiie iieeoeee.
Oaaea?aoeaiua ioiioaiey a ?O ?aaeaiaioe?othony Eiinoeoooeeae ?inneeneie
Oaaea?aoeee e onoaiaaeeaathony niioaaonoaothueie oaaea?aoeaiuie
aeiaiai?aie ii ?aca?aie/aieth i?aaeiaoia aaaeaiey e iieiiii/ee, a oaeaea
ainoaea?noaaiiay ?aaeiiaeueiay iieeoeea ?aaeaiaioe?oaony a ianoiyuaa
a?aiy aaeeiui eiioeaiooaeueiui aeieoiaioii – “Iniiaiuie iieiaeaieyie
?aaeiiaeueiie iieeoeee a ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee”, ooaa?aeaeaiiui Oeacii
I?aceaeaioa ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee io 03.06.96a. ?803. Oaaea?aeueiua
i?aaiu ainoaea?noaaiiie aeanoe e i?aaiu ainoaea?noaaiiie aeanoe
noauaeoia ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee aeieaeiu enoiaeeoue ec yoiai
aeieoiaioa i?e ?aoaiee caaea/ nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie/aneiai ?acaeoey
?aaeiiia ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee, iiauoaiey aeaenoaaiiinoe yeiiiie/aneeo
?aoi?i, iaania/aiey ?inoa aeaaininoiyiey ianaeaiey, a oaeaea ?acaeoey
oaaea?aeecia e ianoiiai naiioi?aaeaiey.
A noa?a acaeiiioiioaiee iaaeaeo oeaio?ii e ?aaeiiaie iniiaiuie oeaeyie
?aaeiiaeueiie iieeoeee a ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee yaeythony:
iaania/aiea i?aaiauo, athaeaeaoii-oeiainiauo, nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie/aneeo
e i?aaiecaoeeiiiuo iniia oaaea?aeecia a ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee;
nicaeaiea aaeeiiai yeiiiie/aneiai, oeiainiaiai e i?aaiaiai i?ino?ainoaa
e iaania/aiea oeaeinoiinoe ?inneeneiai ainoaea?noaa;
i?ei?eoaoiia ?acaeoea ?aaeiiia, eiathueo iniai aaaeiia no?aoaae/aneia
e aaiiieeoe/aneia cia/aiea aeey ?inneeneie ainoaea?noaaiiinoe, e
iaania/aiea ainoaea?noaaiiie iiaeaea?aeee i?iaeaiiuo ?aaeiiia e
oa??eoi?ee n iniauie i?e?iaeii-eeeiaoe/aneeie, aaia?aoe/aneeie,
yeiiiieei-oeiainiauie e iaoeeiiaeueii-eoeueoo?iuie oneiaeyie;
Ia eaaeaeii yoaia naiaai ?acaeoey ?aaeiiaeueiay iieeoeea
i?aaeoniao?eaaao iaiaoiaeeiinoue ?ac?aaioee e ?aaeecaoeee nenoaiu ia? ii
?aaeecaoeee auoaoeacaiiuo iai?aaeaiee. A yoeo oeaeyo Oeacii I?aceaeaioa
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee “I no?oeoo?a oaaea?aeueiuo i?aaiia
eniieieoaeueiie aeanoe” io 22 naioya?y 1998 a. ? 1142 e iinoaiiaeaieai
I?aaeoaeuenoaa ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee “Aii?inu Ieienoa?noaa
?aaeiiaeueiie iieeoeee” io 12 iiya?y 1998 a. ? 1322 ia?aciaaii
Ieienoa?noai ?aaeiiaeueiie iieeoeee ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee. A e?oa
iniiaiuo oeaeae e caaea/ ieienoa?noaa aoiaeeee: ?aaeecaoeey
ainoaea?noaaiiie ?aaeiiaeueiie iieeoeee, oi?i/iaiea oaaea?aeecia,
aa?iiiecaoeey iaae?aaeiiaeueiuo ioiioaiee, eiio?ieue ca ?acaeoeai
nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie/aneeie i?ioeannia a noauaeoao oaaea?aoeee ?O e
?aoaiea i?iaeai au?aaieaaiey oneiaee ?acaeoey ?aaeiiia. Niioaaonoaaiii,
iaeiie ec caaea/ yaeyeanue eii?aeeiaoeey aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaiia aeanoe
ii i?iaaaeaieth a aeeciue eiioeaiooaeueiuo iniia ?aaeiiaeueiie iieeoeee.
Ieienoa?noai ?aaeiiaeueiie iieeoeee auei ?ai?aaieciaaii
I?e yoii oaeaea eii?aeeiaoeey aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaiia eniieieoaeueiie
aeanoe ?aciuo o?iaiae a noa?a ?aaeecaoeee ainoaea?noaaiiie ?aaeiiaeueiie
iieeoeee aiceiaeaia ia Eii?aeeiaoeeiiiue Niaao ii yeiiiie/aneei aii?inai
?aaeiiaeueiie iieeoeee, ia?aciaaiiue iinoaiiaeaieai I?aaeoaeuenoaa
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee io 30 aeaeaa?y 1998a. ? 1578. A Iinoaiiaeaiee
aiai?eony, /oi “a oeaeyo eii?aeeiaoeee aeayoaeueiinoe oaaea?aeueiuo
i?aaiia eniieieoaeueiie aeanoe e i?aaiia eniieieoaeueiie aeanoe
noauaeoia ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee ii oe?aieaieth yeiiiie/aneeo iniia
?aaeiiaeueiie iieeoeee, au?aaioee aaeeiie no?aoaaee a noa?a
ainoaea?noaaiiiai oaaea?aoeaiiai no?ieoaeuenoaa”. I?aaeoaeuenoai ?O
ia?aciaaei Eii?aeeiaoeeiiiue niaao, a eioi?ue aioee i?aaenoaaeoaee
Ieienoa?noaa oeiainia ?innee, Ieienoa?noaa yeiiiieee ?innee,
Ieienoa?noaa o?oaea ?innee, Ieienoa?noaa oiieeaa e yia?aaoeee ?innee,
Ieienoa?noaa ii aeaeai iaoeeiiaeueiinoae ?innee e ae?oaeo oaaea?aeueiuo
ieienoa?noa e aaaeiinoa. Aicaeaaeyao Eii?aeeiaoeeiiiue Niaao Ieieno?
?aaeiiaeueiie iieeoeee ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee.
Ii nooe, i?aaiaay aaca ?aaeiiaeueiie iieeoeee a ?O i?ecaaia
iaania/eaaoue ?aaeecaoeeth aeaoo aaaeiaeoeo caaea/:
– ?acaeoea oaaea?aoeaiuo ioiioaiee;
– iaania/aiea ?aaeiiaeueiie yeiiiie/aneie iieeoeee.
Ianiio?y ia i?eiyoea iaeaoa aeinoaoi/ii aaaeiuo caeiiia a yoeo noa?ao,
?yae caeiiii?iaeoia, eiathueo aieueoia cia/aiea aeey aeaeueiaeoaai
?acaeoey ioiioaiee iaaeaeo aa?oeeaeueiuie o?iaiyie aeanoe a ?O,
iaoiaeyony a noaaeeyo ?anniio?aiey eee auee ioeeiiaiu i?aaiaie
ainoaea?noaaiiie aeanoe.
Ia o?e caeiiii?iaeoa I?aceaeaioii ?O auei iaeiaeaii aaoi, iiyoiio iie
iaoiaeyony ia ?anniio?aiee niaoeeaeueiuie eiienneyie:
“Ia iaueo i?eioeeiao i?aaiecaoeee caeiiiaeaoaeueiuo (i?aaenoaaeoaeueiuo)
e eniieieoaeueiuo i?aaiia ainoaea?noaaiiie aeanoe noauaeoia ?inneeneie
Oaaea?aoeee”;
“Ia iniiaao ioiioaiee e?ay eee iaeanoe n aoiaeyueie a eo ninoaa
aaoiiiiiuie ie?oaaie”;
“Ia iniiaao noaoona auai?iiai eeoea ianoiiai naiioi?aaeaiey a ?inneeneie
Oaaea?aoeee”.
Aua aeaa caeiiii?iaeoa ioeeiiaiu Niaaoii Oaaea?aoeee e ia?aaeaiu ia
?anniio?aiea niaeaneoaeueiuo eiiennee:
“I aianaiee eciaiaiee e aeiiieiaiee a Oaaea?aeueiue caeii “I oeiainiauo
iniiaao ianoiiai naiioi?aaeaiey”;
“I aianaiee aeiiieiaiee a Oaaea?aeueiue caeii “I ii?yaeea en/eneaiey e
oaaee/aiey ainoaea?noaaiiuo iainee a ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee e a Caeii ?O
“I ainoaea?noaaiiuo iaineyo a ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee”.
Anaai a ia?aii /oaiee i?eiyoi 13 caeiiii?iaeoia, a 12 caeiiii?iaeoia ec
i?aaenoaaeaiiuo a 1998 aiaeo e ia/aeo 1999 aiaea ia auee ?anniio?aiu
Ainoaea?noaaiiie Aeoiie ON ?O.
A oeaeyo ?aoaiey yoeo i?iaeai, a oaeaea a niioaaonoaee n oeaeyie
?aaeiiaeueiie iieeoeee, iaeiei ec aaaeiaeoeo iaoiaeia iaania/aiey
?aoaiey aeaiiuo i?iaeai yaeyaony ainoaea?noaaiiia iiiu?aiea ?acaeoey
iaae?aaeiiaeueiuo naycae a ?acee/iuo oi?iao.
Iaeiie ec oi?i i?iyaeaiey eioa?ana noauaeoia oaaea?aoeee e oe?aieaieth
iieeoe/aneiai, yeiiiie/aneiai, iao/ii-oaoie/aneiai e eioi?iaoeeiiiiai
i?ino?ainoaa, e ?anniio?aieth einoeooaeecaoeee iaae?aaeiiaeueiuo naycae
a ea/anoaa yoaia oi?ie?iaaiey aaeeiiai iieeoe/aneiai e yeiiiie/aneiai
i?ino?ainoaa noaiiayony aeia?iaieueiua iauaaeeiaiey (annioeeaoeee)
yeiiiie/aneiai acaeiiaeaenoaey.
Annioeeaoeee yeiiiie/aneiai acaeiiaeaenoaey eae oi?iu iaae?aaeiiaeueiiai
nio?oaeie/anoaa ia/aee ia?aciauaaoueny n 1990 a. eae ?aaeoeey ia
?ac?ooaiea aaeeiiai ia?iaeiioicyenoaaiiiai eiiieaena auaoaai Niaaoneiai
Nithca e aicieeoea i?e yoii iaiaoiaeeiinoue neeaaeuaaiey ia oieueei
iiauo ioiioaiee iaaeaeo oaaea?aeueiui, ?aaeiiaeueiui e ianoiui o?iaiyie
aeanoe e iio?aaiinoue a iaeaaeeaaiee oicyenoaaiiuo naycae, acaeiiuo
aa?aioeyo a yeiiiie/aneeo ioiioaieyo iaaeaeo ?aaeiiaie, a ionoaeaaiee
naieo a?oiiiauo eioa?ania ia?aae eeoeii Oeaio?a e eo i?iaeaeaeaiee, e,
iaeiiaoe, eioi?iaoeeiiiii iaiaia iaaeaeo oa??eoi?eyie, eii?aeeiaoeee
aeaenoaee, niaianoiua i?ia?aiiu e i?iaeou iaoneiaeee ia?aciaaiea
iaae?aaeiiaeueiuo annioeeaoeee. noaaoaa ?aaeueiui ?acaeoea
ai?eciioaeueiuo ioiioaiee iaaeaeo ?aaeiiaie i?eaaei e nicaeaieth ainueie
oa??eoi?eaeueiuo aeueyinia.
E ianoiyuaio a?aiaie nicaeaiu:
Annioeeaoeey yeiiiie/aneiai acaeiiaeaenoaey oa??eoi?ee Naaa?i-Caiaaea
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee (“Naaa?i-Caiaae”);
Iaae?aaeiiaeueiay Annioeeaoeey yeiiiie/aneiai acaeiiaeaenoaey noauaeoia
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee Oeaio?aeueiie ?innee (“Oeaio?aeueiay ?inney”);
Annioeeaoeey yeiiiie/aneiai acaeiiaeaenoaey iaeanoae
Oeaio?aeueii-*a?iicaiiiai ?aaeiia ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee
(“*a?iicaiuea”);
Annioeeaoeey “Aieueoay Aieaa” ii yeiiiie/aneiio acaeiiaeaenoaeth
?anioaeee e iaeanoae Iiaieaeneiai ?aaeiia ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee;
Annioeeaoeey nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie/aneiai nio?oaeie/anoaa ?anioaeeee,
e?aaa, iaeanoae Naaa?iiai Eaaeaca (“Naaa?iue Eaaeac”);
Annioeeaoeey yeiiiie/aneiai acaeiiaeaenoaey iaeanoae e ?anioaeee
O?aeueneiai ?aaeiia (“Aieueoie O?ae”);
Annioeeaoeey yeiiiie/aneiai acaeiiaeaenoaey oa??eoi?ee Neae?e ?innee
(“Neae?neia niaeaoaiea”)
Iaae?aeiiiay Annioeeaoeey yeiiiie/aneiai acaeiiaeaenoaey noauaeoia
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee Aeaeueiaai Ainoiea e Caaaeeaeuey .
I?ioeann eo ioi?ieaiey i?ioae aeinoaoi/ii auno?i. Iaiaa /ai ca aiae—e
ia/aeo 1992 a.—?aaeiiaeueiua annioeeaoeee iauaaeeiyee oaea ana
?inneeneea oa??eoi?ee. Iee oi?ie?iaaiey annioeeaoeee i?eoaeny ia
eaoi—inaiue 1991 a.
Aei 1993 a. annioeeaoeee ?aaeiiia ?O nouanoaiaaee eae iauanoaaiiua
i?aaiecaoeee, nicaeaiiua aeey au?aaioee e ?aaeecaoeee ?aaeiiaeueiuo
i?ia?aii eiiieaeniiai nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie/aneiai ?acaeoey ?aaeiiia, ia
eiaaoea nianoaaiiiai th?eaee/aneiai noaoona. A ea/anoaa o/?aaeeoaeae,
eae i?aaeei, aunooiaee i?aaenaaeaoaee Niaaoia ia?iaeiuo aeaiooaoia,
aeaau aaeieieno?aoeee iaeanoae e e?oiiuo ai?iaeia. Eo niaianoiay
aeayoaeueiinoue eiio?iee?iaaeanue aeiaiai?ii (niaeaoaieai)
o/?aaeeoaeae. A Ieienoa?noaa thnoeoeee annioeeaoeee auee
ca?aaeno?e?iaaiu a ia/aea 1993 a.
1. Enoi?ey nicaeaiey annioeeaoeee
Ineaaeaiea eiio?iey Oeaio?a iaae ia?eoa?eae e eciaiaiea neiaeeaoaainy
iieiaeaiey aeae a yeiiiieea ia?auie iuooeee ioaeaeaiiua e i?iiuoeaiii
?acaeoua ?aeiiu ?innee. Oaea a naioya?a 1990 a. a a. *aeyaeinea
?oeiaiaeeoaeyie iaeanoae e ?anioaeee O?aea iiaeienaii niaeaoaiea «I
i?eioeeiao yeiiiie/aneeo ioiioaiee ?anioaeee e iaeanoae O?aeueneiai
yeiiiie/aneiai ?aaeiia ia ia?eiae ia?aoiaea e ?uii/iie yeiiiieea», aaea
iiaeoaa?aeaeaii iaia?aiea nio?aieoue aaeeiia yeiiiie/aneia i?ino?ainoai.
A a ethia 1991 a. ?oeiaiaeeoaeyie i?aaiia ainoaea?noaaiiie aeanoe
Eo?aaineie, I?aiao?aneie, Ia?ineie, Naa?aeeianeie e *aeyaeineie iaeanoae
aue iiaeienai O/?aaeeoaeueiue aeiaiai? i nicaeaiee annioeeaoeee
yeiiiie/aneiai acaeiiaeaenoaey iaeanoae O?aeueneiai ?aaeiia ?NON?. A oii
aea ianyoea (9 ethiy) i?aaenaaeaoaeue Aa?oiaiiai Niaaoa ?NON? A.Aeueoeei
iiaeienuaaao ?anii?yaeaiea «Ia ia?aciaaiee annioeeaoeee yeiiiie/aneiai
acaeiiaeaenoaey iaeanoae O?aeueneiai ?aaeiia ?NON?». A naioya?a 1991 a.
ia ia?aii canaaeaiee annioeeaoeee, i?ioiaeeaoai a a.Aeaoa?eiao?aa, e iae
i?eieioee Aaoee?neay NN?, Oaeio?oneay ?anioaeeea e Othiaineay iaeanoue.
I?ioeann oi?ie?iaaiey oa??eoi?eaeueiiai nithca ?aaeiiia Neae?e i?ioiaeee
iiaeiaiui ia?acii. Ia?aua iaae?aaeiiaeueiua niaauaiey i?ioiaeyo aua aei
auoiaea naieoeeiie?othuaai ?aaioo annioeeaoeee Oeaca A.Aeueoeeia.
Iiaeienaiea «Neae?neiai niaeaoaiey» aucaaei iaeioi?ia caiaoaoaeuenoai a
oaaea?aeueiuo aeanoiuo e?oaao. Yoi iauyniyaony oai, /oi nicaeaiea
Neae?neie ?anioaeeee a ianoaiiaea oaina a oaaea?aoeaiuo ioiioaieyo
iaaeaeo Oeaio?ii e ?aaeiiaie iiaei noaoue neaaeothuei oaaii iinea
nicaeaiey annioeeaoeee, a oae eae ecia/aeueii «Neae?neia niaeaoaiea»
iiaeienaee ?oeiaiaeeoaee aeaoo e?aaa, o?ao ?anioaeee e /aou?ao iaeanoae,
ia?iiiue aaia?aoe/aneee ?aciao oa??eoi?eaeueiiai ia?aciaaiey i/aaeaeai.
Iaae?aaeiiaeueiia iauaaeeiaiea iaeanoae Oeaio?aeueiie ?innee ioi?ieeinue
i?eia?ii a oiaea a?aiy. Annioeeaoeey «Oeaio?aeueiay ?inney» ia?aciaaia
15 aeaeaa?y 1990 aiaea aaeieieno?aoeeyie 11 iaeanoae yeiiiie/aneiai
?aaeiia. Iniiaiie caaea/ae iiaiai iauaaeeiaiey auea iacaaia
aa?iiiecaoeey eioa?ania ?aaeiiia aac nicaeaiey iiauo aeanoiuo no?oeoo?
i?e iiiuoea iienea iiaiai ?aaeeia ?ani?aaeaeaiey aeanoe.
Caoai iineaaeiaaei ia?aciaaiea nithca oa??eoi?ee, iauaaeeiythuee
iaiin?aaenoaaiii Naaa?i-Caiaae e Naaa? ?innee. Annioeeaoeey
«Naaa?i-Caiaae» nicaeaaaeanue i?e aaaeouae ?iee Naieo-Iaoa?ao?aa, ai
iiiaii ii eieoeeaoeaa iy?a ai?iaea A.Nia/aea. Ai iiiaii oeaee e caaea/e
Annioeeaoeee i?aaeii?aaeaeeei aaiiieeoe/aneia iieiaeaiea yoiai ?aaeiia:
aaaeiaeoea ii?neea oi?aiaua ii?ou ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee iaoiaeyony ia
oa??eoi?eyo yoeo noauaeoia oaaea?aoeee. Ii eae oieueei A.Nia/ae ia?anoae
i?iyaeyoue eioa?an e ?aaioa Annioeeaoeee, aa aeayoaeueiinoue e
aeoeaiinoue iioea ia niaae, /oi aiai?eo i oii, /oi yoe ieaiu no?ieeenue
ia oieueei aie?oa ia noieueei yeiiiie/aneeo eioa?ania, neieueei
iieeoe/aneeo aiaeoeee ?aaeiiaeueiuo eeaea?ia, a ia?aoth i/a?aaeue —
A.Nia/aea.
A ethia 1991 aiaea a Naia?a, i?e iaiin?aaenoaaiiii o/anoee
i?aaenaaeaoaey Aa?oiaiiai Niaaoa ?NON? A.Aeueoeeia, i?ioei
i?aaiecaoeeiiiia canaaeaiea i?aaenoaaeoaeae ?anioaeee e iaeanoae
Iiaieaeuey ii i?iaeaiai yeiiiie/aneiai acaeiiaeaenoaey. Eoiaii yaeeinue
?aoaiea ia ia?aciaaiee annioeeaoeee, ooaa?aeaeaiiia ?anii?yaeaieai
A.Aeueoeeia io 10 ethiy 1991 a. «Ia ia?aciaaiee annioeeaoeee «Aieueoay
Aieaa» ii yeiiiie/aneiio acaeiiaeaenoaeth ?anioaeee e iaeanoae
Iiaieaeneiai ?aaeiia ?NON?». A ninoaa annioeeaoeee «Aieueoay Aieaa» ia
aeia?iaieueiie iniiaa aioee naiue iaeanoae e /aou?a ?anioaeeee
Iiaieaeuey.
A ieoya?a 1991a. a Ai?iiaaea iaeanoiua Niaaou e eniieieoaeueiua eiieoaou
iaeanoae, o?aaeeoeeiiii ioiinyueany e *a?iicaiueth, e iaeia ec
iaeanoae, aoiaeyuay a Oeaio?aeueiue ?inneeneee yeiiiie/aneee ?aaeii,
iiaeienaee o/?aaeeoaeueiue aeiaiai? i nicaeaiee Annioeeaoeee
«*a?iicaiuea». Annioeeaoeey auea ia?aciaaia niaeanii e oiio a?aiaie oaea
auoaaeoaio oeaco I?aceaeaioa ?NON? «Ia i?aaiecaoeee annioeeaoeee
yeiiiie/aneiai acaeiiaeaenoaey iaeanoae Oeaio?aeueii-*a?iicaiiiai
?aaeiia ?NON? e ia?ao ii nicaeaieth oneiaee aeey eo onei?aiiiai
?acaeoey».
A ia?oa 1992 a. ia?aciaaia annioeeaoeey «Naaa?iue Eaaeac», eoaea aioee
ana noauaeou ?aaeiia, a oii /enea e *a/iy.
Annioeeaoeey oa??eoi?ee Aeaeueiaai Ainoiea e Caaaeeaeuey (AAeAC)
i?enooieea e ?aaioa a yiaa?a 1994 a. A annioeeaoeeth aioee aeaau
aaeieieno?aoeee ?inneeneeo ?aaeiiia io Eo?eeueneeo ino?iaia aei Ao?yoee.
Iiaay annioeeaoeey caiaieea Aeaeueiaainoi/ioth annioeeaoeeth
yeiiiie/aneiai acaeiiaeaenoaey (AeAAYA), eioi?ay auea o/?aaeaeaia
Niaaoaie ia?iaeiuo aeaiooaoia ?aaeiia 1990 a. ii “Niaeaoaieth ia
iniiaiuo i?eioeeiao nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie/aneiai nio?oaeie/anoaa e
ia?aciaaiey ia aeia?iaieueiuo ia/aeao Aeaeueiaainoi/iie annioeeaoeee
Niaaoia ia?iaeiuo aeaiooaoia” io 11.08.1990a., eioi?ia iiaeienaee
?anioaeeea Naoa, Oaaa?ianeee e I?eii?neee e?ay, Aio?neay, Naoaeeineay,
Eai/aoneay, Iaaaaeaineay iaeanoe, Aa?aeneay aaoiiiiiay iaeanoue. Iinea
iiaeienaiey Aeiaiai?a i nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie/aneii nio?oaeie/anoaa e
ooaa?aeaeaiey Onoaaa aioee Ao?yoey, *eoeineay iaeanoue, *oeioneee e
Ei?yeneee aaoiiiiiua ie?oaa. Yoi ia?aciaaiea iineei aieueoa
iieeoe/aneee oa?aeoa?, ii aeaeueiaeoaa ?acaeoea yeiiiie/aneiai e?ecena
iieacaei, /oi iniiaioth ?ieue a ?aaioa annioeeaoeee aeieaeai ea?aoue
yeiiiie/aneee oaeoi?. ?aoaiea i ?ai?aaiecaoeee auei i?eiyoi a ethea 1993
a.
Iaae?aaeiiaeueiua annioeeaoeee nicaeaaaeenue a aieueoie ia?a eae
i?ioeaiaan oeaio?o, eae niinia ionoaeaaiey naieo eioa?ania ia
oaaea?aeueiii o?iaia. Aiieia i/aaeaeii, /oi ioaeaeueiua iaeanoe, ia
i?aaenoaaeythuea niaie cia/eoaeueiie iieeoe/aneie neeu iiiaeeii/ea, a
neo/aa iauaaeeiaiey iieo/atho aeiiieieoaeueiue aan. Yoi iaeaa/aao
eaaeaeie aioaaeoae a iauaaeeiaiea oa??eoi?ee ?aaeecaoeeth naieo oeaeae.
2. Ii?iaoeaiua iniiau aeayoaeueiinoe I?A.
Iaae?aaeiiaeueiua annioeeaoeee eae noauaeou iieeoeee, yeiiiieee e i?aaa
iieiinoueth ia eaaeoeie?iaaiu a ainoaea?noaaiiie i?aeoeea ?inneeneie
Oaaea?aoeee. E ianoiyuaio a?aiaie iniiaiua ia/aea i?aaiecaoeee e
aeayoaeueiinoe iaae?aaeiiaeueiuo annioeeaoeee cae?aieaiu a Oeaca
I?aceaeaioa ?O io 11 iiya?y 1991 a. «Ia iaania/aiee oneiaee ii
iiauoaieth ?iee e acaeiiaeaenoaey ?anioaeee a ninoaaa ?NON?, aaoiiiiiuo
ia?aciaaiee, e?aaa e iaeanoae a inouanoaeaiee ?aaeeeaeueiie
yeiiiie/aneie ?aoi?iu». e iinoaiiaeaiee Niaaoa Ieieno?ia –
I?aaeoaeuenoaa ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee ? 918 io 16 naioya?y 1993 aiaea «I
iaeioi?uo aii?inao i?aaiecaoeee aeayoaeueiinoe aeia?iaieueiuo
iauaaeeiaiee (Annioeeaoeee) yeiiiie/aneiai acaeiiaeaenoaey noauaeoia
Oaaea?aoeee e i?aaiia ianoiiai naiioi?aaeaiey» A yoii iinoaiiaeaiee ia
iniiaaiee iaiauaiey i?aeoeee ?aaiou I?A iaeaieaa iieii (ii n?aaiaieth n
ae?oaeie nouanoaothueie ii?iaoeaiuie aeoaie) ?aaeaiaioe?oao eo
aeayoaeueiinoue. I?e yoii, a aeieoiaioa iaiaa?eaaaony, /oi Iinoaiiaeaiea
aeaenoaoao aei i?eiyoey niioaaonoaothueo caeiiiaeaoaeueiuo aeoia e
onoaiaaeeaaao a?aiaiiue ii?yaeie acaeiiaeaenoaey Niaaoa Ieieno?ia e
oeaio?aeueiuo i?aaiia eniieieoaeueiie aeanoe n annioeeaoeeyie ii
aii?inai, ioianaiiui Oaaea?aoeaiui aeiaiai?ii e i?aaeiaoai niaianoiiai
aaaeaiey.
Niaeanii aeieoiaioo, iauaaeeiaiey ia?acothony i?aaiaie
i?aaenoaaeoaeueiie e eniieieoaeueiie aeanoae noauaeoia oaaea?aoeee.
Niaao Ieieno?ia ai?aaa i?eieiaoue o/anoea a iiaeaioiaea, i?iaaaeaiee e
?aaeecaoeee niaeaoaiee, i?ia?aii e i?iaeoia iauaaeeiaiee, anee iie
eanathony i?aaeiaoia niaianoiiai aaaeaiey eee eiatho cia/aiea
iaua?inneeneeo nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie/aneeo i?iaeai. Ca iaae?aaeiiaeueiuie
annioeeaoeeyie i?eciaaony i?aai i?eiyoey o/anoey a canaaeaieyo Niaaoa
Ieieno?ia ii aii?inai, ioiinyueiny e eo eiiiaoaioeee:
nicaeaiea oneiaee aeey yooaeoeaiiai acaeiiaeaenoaey noauaeoia
oaaea?aoeee ii aii?inai nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie/aneiai ?acaeoey oa??eoi?ee
?O;
i?eiyoea iaiin?aaenoaaiiiai o/anoey a caeiiiaeaoaeueiie aeayoaeueiinoe
iooai inouanoaeaiey caeiiiaeaoaeueiuo eieoeeaoea.
A 1994 aiaeo iaae?aaeiiaeueiua annioeeaoeee caeeth/eee e ?aoeoeoee?iaaee
«Niaeaoaiea i nio?oaeie/anoaa» iaaeaeo anaie annioeeaoeeyie e
ia?eaiaioii (14 ethey 1994 a.), A /anoiinoe, Niaeaoaiea i?aaeiieaaaao,
/oi:
— ?anniio?aiea a iaeaoao Oaaea?aeueiiai Nia?aiey caeiiii?iaeoia,
?aaeaiaioe?othueo aeeciue ?aaeiiia, aeieaeii i?ienoiaeeoue oieueei n
i?aaeaa?eoaeueiui caeeth/aieai iaae?aaeiiaeueiuo annioeeaoeee;
— ca annioeeaoeeyie cae?aieaii i?aai eiio?iey ca eniieiaieai
Oaaea?aoeaiiai aeiaiai?a;
— ca annioeeaoeeyie cae?aieaii i?aai ia o/anoea a ?ac?aaioea no?aoaaee
?acaeoey aaaeoueo io?aneae ia?iaeiiai oicyenoaa. Ieaie?oaony
inouanoaeyoue aeaoonoi?iiithth naycue: oaaea?aeueiua i?ia?aiiu
aoaeoo eioaa?e?iaaoueny n iaae?aaeiiaeueiuie, a iaae?aaeiiaeueiua
aienuaaoueny a oaaea?aeueiua.
— ca annioeeaoeeyie cae?aieaii i?aai iaycaoaeueiiai ?anniio?aiey
i?iaeoia caeiiia i oaaea?aeueiii athaeaeaoa, iaeiaao e o.ae.
Oaeaea a Niaeaoaiee i?aaeoniao?eaaaony iaiaoiaeeiinoue nicaeaiey
iinoiyiii aeaenoaothuae ?aai/ae a?oiiu ii i?aaiaiio iaania/aieth
?aaeiiaeueiie iieeoeee a ninoaaa i?aaenoaaeoaeae Niaaoa Oaaea?aoeee,
Ainoaea?noaaiiie Aeoiu e iaae?aaeiiaeueiuo annioeeaoeee yeiiiie/aneiai
acaeiiaeaenoaey. Iiaeiaiue iaoaieci io/anoe ?aaeeciaai a Oeaca
i?aceaeaioa ?O io 22.09.1889 ? 1142 “I no?oeoo?a oaaea?aeueiuo i?aaiia
eniieieoaeueiie aeanoe”, aaea aiai?eony i oii, /oiau ?oeiaiaeeoaee
i?aaiia eniieieoaeueiie aeanoe noauaeoia oaaea?aoeee, eca?aiiua
?oeiaiaeeoaeyie iaae?aaeiiaeueiuo annioeeaoeee, auee aeeth/aiu a
ea/anoaa iieiii?aaiuo o/anoieeia a aeayoaeueiinoue I?aaeoaeuenoaa
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee ii ianoaeaeaieth e au?aaioea ?aoaiee ia?aaia n
oaaea?aeueiuie ieieno?aie.
Ianiio?y ia nouanoaiaaiea auoaia?a/eneaiiuo ii?iaoeaiuo aeoia,
i?ecaaiiuo ?aaoee?iaaoue iniiaiua iai?aaeaiey aeayoaeueiinoe
iaae?aaeiiaeueiuo annioeeaoeee, ionoonoaea oaaea?aeueiiai caeiia,
?aaeaiaioe?othuaai aeayoaeueiinoue annioeeaoeee, canoaaeei
i?aaenoaaeoaeae noauaeoia oaaea?aoeee eieoeee?iaaoue ?ac?aaioeo
caeiiii?iaeoa “Ia iaueo i?eioeeiao i?aaiecaoeee e aeayoaeueiinoe
annioeeaoeee yeiiiie/aneiai acaeiiaeaenoaey noauaeoia ?inneeneie
Oaaea?aoeee”, eioi?ue a ia?oa 1999 aiaea aue i?eiyo ai aoi?ii /oaiee
Ainoaea?noaaiiie Aeoiie Oaaea?aeueiiai Nia?aiey ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee.
A niioaaonoaee n caeiiii?iaeoii aeayoaeueiinoue i?aaiia annioeeaoeee
ieaie?oaony no?ieoue ia iniiaa neaaeothueo i?eioeeiia:
no?iaia niaethaeaiea i?aa e iieiiii/ee, aeaeaae?iaaiiuo ei /eaiaie
annioeeaoeee;
neii?aeeie?iaaiiinoue niaianoiuo aeaenoaee a nicaeaiee
nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie/aneeo i?ia?aii;
aeaniinoue a aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaiia annioeeaoeee;
iauaaeeiaiea oneeee, aiciiaeiinoae e iiuoa /eaiia annioeeaoeee a
i?aaiecaoeee i?iaaaeaiey yeiiiie/aneie ?aoi?iu a ?aaeiia, nicaeaiee e
aiaae?aiee nia?aiaiiiai iaoaiecia oicyenoaiaaiey e ?uii/iuo no?oeoo?;
niaaeeiaiea eioa?ania ?aaeiiia, i?iaeeaathuaai ia eo oa??eoi?ee
ianaeaiey n caaea/aie e oeaeyie oi?i/aiey oa??eoi?eaeueiie oeaeinoiinoe
e aaeeinoaa ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee.
I?aaiu ainoaea?noaaiiie aeanoe noauaeoia ?O-/eaiia annioeeaoeee, iiaoo
ia?aaeaaaoue annioeeaoeeyi yeiiiie/aneiai acaeiiaeaenoaey inouanoaeaiea
/anoe naieo iieiiii/ee, anee yoi ia i?ioeai?a/eo oaaea?aeueiui caeiiai e
eiui ii?iaoeaiui i?aaiaui aeoai ?innee e noauaeoia ?inneeneie
Oaaea?aoeee.
A ?aieao ?anniio?aiey i?iaeaiu ianoa e ?iee iaae?aaeiiaeueiuo
annioeeaoeee a nia?aiaiiie ?aaeiiaeueiie iieeoeea i?aaenoaaeyaony
oeaeaniia?aciui i?iaaaeaiea n?aaieoaeueiiai aiaeeca oeaeae e caaea/,
niaea?aeaueony a onoaaao annioeeaoeee, e oeaeae e caaea/, niaea?aeaueony
a aiaeece?oaiii caeiiii?iaeoa.
Iniiaiuie oeaeyie aeayoaeueiinoe annioeeaoeee a niioaaonoaee n
caeiiii?iaeoii yaeythony:
oi?ie?iaaiea iaiaoiaeeiuo oneiaee aeey yooaeoeaiiai acaeiiaeaenoaey
noauaeoia ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee a aii?inao nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie/aneiai
?acaeoey ?aaeiiia ia iniiaa iauaaeeiaiey iaoa?eaeueiuo, oeiainiauo e
eioaeeaeooaeueiuo ?ano?nia;
?acaeoea aiciiaeiinoae oa??eoi?eaeueiuo ia?aciaaiee ii
neii?aeeie?iaaiiiio eniieueciaaieth eo yeiiiie/aneeo iioaioeeaeia;
io?aaioea e i?aeoe/aneay ?aaeecaoeey i?eioeeiia yeiiiie/aneiai
i?ino?ainoaa a ?aieao ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee;
noaaeeecaoeey yeiiiie/aneiai iieiaeaiey e nioeeaeueiay caueoa ianaeaiey,
i?iaeeaathuaai a niioaaonoaothueo ?aaeiiao;
aeoeaecaoeey e iiaeaea?aeea i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie aeayoaeueiinoe;
io?aaioea e niaa?oainoaiaaiea iaoiaeia oi?aaeaiey oicyenoaothueie
noauaeoaie a oneiaeyo ?uii/iuo ioiioaiee;
aeinoeaeaiea onoie/eaiai ninoiyiey a ?acaeoee yeiiiieee noauaeoia
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee a iiauo oneiaeyo oicyenoaiaaiey e nicaeaiea aacu
aeey iiauoaiey o?iaiy aeecie ianaeaiey ?aaeiiia;
niaaeeiaiea eioa?ania ?aaeiiia n oeaeyie e caaea/aie oi?i/aiey
oeaeinoiinoe e aaeeinoaa ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee;
i?aaenoaaeaiea e caueoa eioa?ania /eaiia annioeeaoeee.
E iniiaiui caaea/ai annioeeaoeee caeiiii?iaeo ioiineo:
inouanoaeaiea eii?aeeiaoeee niaianoiie aeayoaeueiinoe noauaeoia
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee ii i?aaiecaoeeiiiiio, yeiiiie/aneiio,
iao/ii-oaoie/aneiio e nioeeaeueiiio ?acaeoeth ?aaeiiia;
?ac?aaioea e ?aaeecaoeey niaianoiuo i?ia?aii e i?iaeoia, a oii /enea
oaaea?aeueiiai cia/aiey;
iioeiaeueiia ?aciauaiea i?iecaiaeeoaeueiuo nee;
?acaeoea i?iecaiaenoaaiiie e nioeeaeueiie eio?ano?oeoo?u, eiiioieeaoeee;
niaeaenoaea caeeth/aieth acaeiiauaiaeiuo yeiiiie/aneeo niaeaoaiee
iaaeaeo ?aaeiiaie;
iiaeaioiaea i?aaeeiaeaiee ii ?aaeecaoeee ainoaea?noaaiiie aaethoiie
iieeoeee a ?aaeiiao, aiaoiayeiiiie/aneie aeayoaeueiinoe, ?aaeiiaeueiuo
i?ia?aii e i?iaeoia n o/anoeai eiino?aiiiai eaieoaea;
eco/aiea ?uiea o?oaea a ?aaeiiao n oeaeueth iiaeaioiaee e eii?aeeiaoeee
niaianoiuo ia? ii iaania/aieth iaeneiaeueii aiciiaeiie caiyoinoe
ianaeaiey, ii iiauoaieth eaaeeoeeaoeee e ia?aiiaeaioiaee eaae?ia;
?aaoee?iaaiea iea?aoeeiiiuo i?ioeannia;
nicaeaiea eiiieaeniuo eioi?iaoeeiiiuo no?oeoo? e oi?ie?iaaiea aaiea
aeaiiuo, iaiaoiaeeiuo aeey i?eiyoey iioeiaeueiuo oi?aaeai/aneeo ?aoaiee
ia ?aaeiiaeueiii e iaae?aaeiiaeueiii o?iaiyo;
eii?aeeiaoeey aeayoaeueiinoe ii ?ac?aaioea e niaa?oainoaiaaieth i?aaiaie
aacu ?aaeiia.
Anee ia?aoeoueny e aiaeeco caaea/, niaea?aeaueany a onoaaao
annioeeaoeee, iiaeii ioiaoeoue, /oi iie a ai?acaei aieueoae noaiaie
i?eaioe?iaaiu ia aioo?aiiea i?iaeaiu annioeeaoeee, /ai ia
acaeiiioiioaiey n aiaoiae n?aaeie.
Oa?aeoa?iui a aeaiiii neo/aa yaeyaony Onoaa Annioeeaoeee yeiiiie/aneiai
acaeiiaeaenoaey oa??eoi?ee Naaa?i-Caiaaea ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee, aaea
iniiaiuie oeaeyie e caaea/aie yaeythony:
– nicaeaiea oneiaee e niinianoaiaaiea oi?ie?iaaieth acaeiiauaiaeiuo
yeiiiie/aneeo ioiioaiee iaaeaeo /eaiaie annioeeaoeee, ae?oaeie
?anioaeeeaie, e?ayie e iaeanoyie, oaaea?aeueiuie i?aaiaie
ainoaea?noaaiiie aeanoe;
– caueoa yeiiiie/aneeo eioa?ania oa??eoi?ee;
– ?ac?aaioea e ?aaeecaoeey niaeaniaaiiuo ?aaeiiaeueiuo i?iaeoia a
?acee/iuo noa?ao nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie/aneie aeecie;
– eii?aeeiaoeey aeaenoaee o/?aaeeoaeae a ?aieao niaianoii i?eiyouo
i?ia?aii;
– iauaaeeiaiea nee aeey aiaae?aiey aeinoeaeaiee iao/ii-oaoie/aneiai
i?ia?anna;
Enoiaey ec auoai?eaaaeaiiiai aiaeeca, i?iaeo caeiia, yaeythueeny
io?aaeaieai iiceoeee oaaea?aeueiuo aeanoae ii ioiioaieth e
aeayoaeueiinoe I?A, aiineo a oeaee e caaea/e annioeeaoeee aieaa iauea
iieiaeaiey, /oi iauyniyaony no?aieaieai oaaea?aeueiiai oeaio?a
ii?aaeaeeoue iauaa iiea e aaeeiua iniiau aeayoaeueiinoe I?A .
Aieueoia cia/aiea a caeiiii?iaeoa oaeaeyaony i?iaeaia acaeiiaeaenoaey
annioeeaoeee n oaaea?aeueiuie i?aaiaie. A /anoiinoe, annioeeaoeee eiatho
i?aai a eeoea naieo i?aaenoaaeoaeae:
i?eieiaoue o/anoea a ?aaioa i?aaeoaeuenoaaiiuo eiiennee, eiieoaoia e
eiiennee iaeao Oaaea?aeueiiai Nia?aiey ii ?ac?aaioea i?ia?aii ?acaeoey
oa??eoi?ee e eo ?aaeecaoeee, a oaeaea ii aii?inai iauaoaaea?aeueiiai
cia/aiey;
?ac?aaaouaaoue ?aaeiiaeueiua ?acaeaeu i?ia?aii ?acaeoey oa??eoi?ee i?e
oi?ie?iaaiee oaaea?aeueiie i?ia?aiiu ?acaeoey, oaaea?aeueiiai athaeaeaoa
e ae?.;
aunooiaoue a ea/anoaa yenia?oia caeiiii?iaeoia, ?ac?aaaouaaaiuo a
eiieoaoao e eiienneyo iaeao Oaaea?aeueiiai Nia?aiey ?inneeneie
Oaaea?aoeee eee a I?aaeoaeuenoaa ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee, ioiinyueony e
noa?a aaaeaiey annioeeaoeee yeiiiie/aneiai acaeiiaeaenoaey noauaeoia
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee;
aunooiaoue a ea/anoaa eniieieoaey eee eii?aeeiaoi?a a ?aaeecaoeee
iauaoaaea?aeueiuo i?ia?aii a niioaaonoaee n eioa?anaie e oeiainiauie,
iaoa?eaeueii-oaoie/aneeie aiciiaeiinoyie oa??eoi?ee e ae?.
Aeey inouanoaeaiey acaeiiaeaenoaey n oaaea?aeueiuie i?aaiaie
caeiiii?iaeoii i?aaeoniao?eaaaony nicaeaiea i?e I?aceaeaioa ?inneeneie
Oaaea?aoeee Niaaoa a ninoaaa Eii?aeeiaoi?ia niaaoia annioeeaoeee,
i?aaenoaaeoaeae Niaaoa Oaaea?aoeee, Ainoaea?noaaiiie Aeoiu e
I?aaeoaeuenoaa ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee.
Iaeiia?aiaiii n yoei oaaea?aeueiua i?aaiu eniieieoaeueiie aeanoe
iaycaiu:
?anniao?eaaoue i?iaeou i?ia?aii ?acaeoey oa??eoi?ee, i?aaenoaaeyaiua
annioeeaoeeyie, i?aaeeiaeaiey ia enoi/ieeao eo oeiaine?iaaiey e
iaoa?eaeueii – oaoie/aneiai iaania/aiey.
?anniao?eaaoue aii?inu aeeth/aiey ioaeaeueiuo ?aaeiiaeueiuo i?ia?aii a
neo/aa iieiaeeoaeueiie eo yenia?oiie ioeaiee a
iauaoaaea?aeueiua i?ia?aiiu.
Oaeei ia?acii, yoio caeiiii?iaeo ii?aaeaeyao iniiaiua iooe
acaeiiaeaenoaey annioeeaoeee e oaaea?aeueiuo i?aaiia aeanoe, /oi
oaeoe/anee aeaeaao yoio aeieoiaio iaeiei ec aaaeiaeoeo a iiea
ii?iaoeaiuo aeoia, ?aaoee?othueo ?aaeiiaeueioth iieeoeeo ?O. O.A.,
iaae?aaeiiaeueiua annioeeaoeee oaeoe/anee i?eciathony iaoaieciaie
?aaeecaoeee eiioeaioeee acaeiiioiioaiee iaaeaeo oeaio?ii e ?aaeiiaie.
Ii i?e yoii iaaei i?eciaoue, /oi yoio caeiiii?iaeo ia cao?aaeaaao anao
noa? aeayoaeueiinoe I?A. Aiaae?aiea iiauo oi?i e iaoiaeia ?aaiou
annioeeaoeee o?aaotho e io oaaea?aeueiuo i?aaiia aeanoe, e io I?A
eciaiaiey acaeyaeia ia iieo/aiea eiia/iiai ?acoeueoaoa. A ia?aoth
i/a?aaeue, iaiaoiaeeii aeaeaoue a?aieoeu iieiiii/ee. Eiaaony a aeaeo
?acee/ea noa? aeeyiey oaaea?aeueiuo aaaeiinoa e ianoiuo i?aaiia ec-ca
?anieua/aoinoe yeiiiie/aneeo a?aieoe. O?aaoaony /aoeia aeaeaiea ?innee
ii yeiiiie/aneei ciiai, Eioi?ua aeaenoaeoaeueii iiaee au iaania/eoue
?acaeoea noauaeoia oaaea?aoeee aianoa e ii ioaeaeueiinoe.
Nio?oaeie/anoai oa??eoi?eaeueiuo nithcia n oaaea?aeueiui i?aaeoaeuenoaii
oaeaea aeieaeii iaania/eaaoueny a ?aieao Aaia?aeueiiai niaeaoaiey
iaaeaeo I?aaeoaeuenoaii ?O e ?oeiaiaenoaii Annioeeaoeee yeiiiie/aneiai
acaeiiaeaenoaey, i?iaeo eioi?iai aeaoe?oaony 11 iiya?y 1998 a.
A aeaiiii aeieoiaioa noi?iiu aeiaiaa?eaathony i oii, /oi, a oeaeyo
/aoeie eii?aeeiaoeee acaeiiaeaenoaey i?aaiia ainoaea?noaaiiie aeanoe ia
oaaea?aeueiii e ?aaeiiaeueiii o?iaiyo a iaeanoe nicaeaiey “nenoai
noaaeeueiiai ?acaeoey yeiiiieee, ?aoi?ie?iaaiey nioeeaeueiie noa?u e
nicaeaiey nioeeaeueiuo aa?aioee iiauoaiey aeeciaiiiai o?iaiy ianaeaiey,
a oaeaea ?aaeecaoeee iauaeoeaii iac?aaoae iaiaoiaeeiinoe oneeaiey ?iee
ainoaea?noaa a noaiiaeaiee e ?aaoee?iaaiee ?uii/iie yeiiiieee”,
iaiaoiaeeii:
inouanoaeyoue io?aaioeo oaoiieiaee ?aoaiey oaeoueo i?iaeai a ?aieao
niaeaniaaiiie iieeoeee oaaea?aeueiiai oeaio?a e ?aaeiiia, a iniiaiii
/a?ac oi?ie?iaaiea e ?aaeecaoeeth oaaea?aeueiuo, iaae?aaeiiaeueiuo e
?aaeiiaeueiuo i?ia?aii;
?ac?aaaouaaoue iaoaieci ?aaeecaoeee aii?inia niaianoiiai aaaeaiey, a
oaeaea i?iaeai ii ?aca?aie/aieth i?aaeiaoia aaaeaiey e iieiiii/ee
iaaeaeo i?aaiaie ainoaea?noaaiiie aeanoe ?O e annioeeaoeee.
Ii i?e yoii iaiaoiaeeii o/eouaaoue, /oi aeaiiia Niaeaoaiea oaeaea aua ia
yaeyaony ii?iaoeaiui aeoii, iiyoiio a ?aaeueiinoe annioeeaoeee e
oaaea?aeueiia I?aaeoaeuenoai nio?oaeie/atho ia iniiaa aeaoonoi?iiieo
aeiaiai?aiiinoae. A 1994a. a eiaeeaeaeoaeueiii ii?yaeea annioeeaoeee
caeeth/eee Niaeaoaiey i nio?oaeie/anoaa n Oaaea?aeueiui Nia?aieai ?O,
?aca?aie/aiee i?aaeiaoia aaaeaiey e iieiiii/ee iaaeaeo i?aaiaie
ainoaea?noaaiiie aeanoe ?O e aa noauaeoia.
Oaeei ia?acii, ianiio?y ia iaee/ea a ?inneeneii caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa ?yaea
ii?iaoeaiuo aeoia, ?aaoee?othueo aeayoaeueiinoue iaae?aaeiiaeueiuo
annioeeaoeee, yoiai iaaeinoaoi/ii, /oiau oieoeoee?iaaoue eo
aeayoaeueiinoue. Ia iiaeeaaeeo niiiaieth, /oi eaaeaeia iaae?aaeiiaeueiia
iauaaeeiaiea i?aneaaeoao nianoaaiiua oeaee e eiaao naie caaea/e. Iiyoiio
ionoonoaea aaeeiuo ii?i, ia iniiaa eioi?uo iiaeii no?ieoue aeeaeia
iaaeaeo oeaio?ii e noauaeoaie oaaea?aoeee, aaaeao e ?aciauaiiinoe e
ianeii?aeeie?iaaiiinoe aeayoaeueiinoe, /oi i?iyaeyaony a ?acee/ee
iaaeaeo iiaeoiaeaie a ?aaeecaoeee ianouiuo i?iaeai no?aiu a oeaeii.
2.3. I?aaiecaoeeiiiay no?oeoo?a annioeeaoeee
Aunoei ?oeiaiaeyuei i?aaiii annioeeaoeee yaeythony eieeaaeaeueiua
i?aaiu (Niaao, I?aaeaiea), aicaeaaeyaiua I?aaenaaeaoaeai (I?aceaeaioii).
Eniieieoaeueiuie i?aaiaie yaeythony aee?aeoeee annioeeaoeee,
aicaeaaeyaiua aaia?aeueiuie aee?aeoi?aie Annioeeaoeee.
Niaao annioeeaoeee (I?aaeaiea)
I?aceaeaio annioeeaoeee
Aee?aeoeey Annioeeaoeee
Aaia?aeueiue aee?aeoi?
Eii?aeeiaoeeiiiua niaaou
(eiiennee, eiieoaou, a?oiiu)
Aunoea i?aaiu. Aunoei ?oeiaiaeyuei i?aaiii annioeeaoeee yaeyaony
eieeaaeaeueiue i?aai — niaao o/?aaeeoaeae, ninoiyuee ec aunoeo
aeieaeiinoiuo eeoe ?aaeiiia. Iacaaiea aunoaai i?aaia iiaeao auoue
?aciui: a Annioeeaoeee «*a?iicaiuea» — I?aaeaiea, a Annioeeaoeee
«Oeaio?aeueiay ?inney» — Nia?aiea o/?aaeeoaeae, a inoaeueiuo
?aaeiiaeueiuo aeueyinao — Niaao annioeeaoeee. A ninoaa aunoaai i?aaia
aoiaeyo ia?aua ?oeiaiaeeoaee eniieieoaeueiuo e caeiiiaeaoaeueiuo i?aaiia
aeanoe noauaeoia Oaaea?aoeee. A I?aaeaiea Annioeeaoeee «*a?iicaiuea»,
e?iia aeaa eniieieoaeueiie e caeiiiaeaoaeueiie aeanoae, aoiaeyo
iieiiii/iua i?aaenoaaeoaee I?aceaeaioa ?O a ?aaeiiao-/eaiao
Annioeeaoeee. ?aaioa annioeeaoeee no?ieony ia i?iaaaeaiee canaaeaiee
aunoaai eieeaaeaeueiiai i?aaia, ia eioi?uo ?anniao?eaathony aii?inu
nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie/aneiai ?acaeoey noauaeoia ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee –
/eaiia annioeeaoeee e i?eieiathony ?aoaiey ii oai eee eiui i?iaeaiai
?aaeiiia. *anoi ia iiaeiaiuo canaaeaieyo i?enoonoaotho (ii i?eaeaoaieth)
?oeiaiaeeoaee (eee i?aaenoaaeoaee) oaaea?aeueiuo ieienoa?noa e
aaaeiinoa.
Niaeanii onoaaiui aeieoiaioai, e eiiiaoaioeee aunoaai i?aaia
annioeeaoeee ioiineony:
— ooaa?aeaeaiea Onoaaa Annioeeaoeee e Iieiaeaiea i Aee?aeoeee, a oaeaea
aianaiea a ieo eciaiaiee e aeiiieiaiee;
— ii?aaeaeaiea iniiaiuo iai?aaeaiee aeayoaeueiinoe Annioeeaoeee,
ooaa?aeaeaiea ?aaeiiaeueiuo e iaae?aaeiiaeueiuo i?iaeoia (i?ia?aii)
?acaeoey;
— ii?aaeaeaiea ?acia?ia anooieoaeueiiai e aaeaaiaeiiai aciinia /eaiia
Annioeeaoeee, a oaeaea oeaeaauo aciinia aeey ?ac?aaioee e ?aaeecaoeee
?aaeiiaeueiuo e iaae?aaeiiaeueiuo i?ia?aii ?acaeoey;
— auai?u e inaiaiaeaeaiea io iaycaiiinoae I?aceaeaioa (I?aaenaaeaoaey
Niaaoa), /eaiia ?aaeceiiiie eiiennee e iacia/aiea Aee?aeoeee
(yeiiiie/aneiai eiieoaoa) Annioeeaoeee;
— ii?aaeaeaiea iauaai ii?yaeea ia?aciaaiey e eniieueciaaiey oiiaeia
Annioeeaoeee, ooaa?aeaeaiea athaeaeaoa Annioeeaoeee;
— i?eiyoea ?aoaiee i eeeaeaeaoeee e i?ae?auaiee aeayoaeueiinoe, i
nicaeaiee e eeeaeaeaoeee nicaeaaaaiuo ath i?aaiia.
Ai anao annioeeaoeeyo iacuaeaiui yaeyaony i?eioeei: ?aoaiea Niaaoa
(I?aaeaiey, Nia?aiey o/?aaeeoaeae), i?ioea eioi?iai i?iaieiniaae
eoi-eeai ec /eaiia Annioeeaoeee, ia ?ani?ino?aiyaony ia aai oa??eoi?eth
e oeiainu. Yoi ianoiyoaeuenoai iiae/a?eeaaao aoi?inoaiaiiinoue ?aoaiee
annioeeaoeee ii n?aaiaieth n ?aoaieyie naieo aa /eaiia. Aieaa oiai, yoi
iieiaeaiea ynii iiae/a?eeaaao oi, /oi annioeeaoeee iaeuecy
?anniao?eaaoue eae i?eioaeeoaeueiue iaoaieci. Iauaaeeiaiey aeaenoaotho
aeey oao, eoi ioaeaeaaony a eii?aeeiaoeee naieo aeaenoaee n ninaaeyie e
caeioa?aniaai a i?eaea/aiee eo e ?aoaieth ?yaea i?iaeai.
A ia?eiae iaaeaeo canaaeaieyie Niaaoa (I?aaeaiey, Nia?aiey o/?aaeeoaeae)
aeayoaeueiinoue annioeeaoeee i?aaiecoao e eiio?iee?oao aa I?aceaeaio (a
I?A «Neae?neia niaeaoaiea» — I?aaenaaeaoaeue Niaaoa). Eneeth/aieai
yaeyaony Annioeeaoeey «Naaa?iue Eaaeac», a eioi?ie yoa aeieaeiinoue
ionoonoaoao. Niaeanii onoaaiui aeieoiaioai annioeeaoeee, ?ieue
I?aceaeaioa (I?aaenaaeaoaey Niaaoa) aeinoaoi/ii aaeieieno?aoeaiay.
I?aceaeaio annioeeaoeee:
— i?aaenoaaeyao annioeeaoeeth ai anao o/?aaeaeaieyo aioo?e no?aiu e ca
?oaaaeii;
— i?aaiecoao iiaeaioiaeo e i?iaaaeaiea canaaeaiee i?aaeaiey, iacia/aao
aeaoo eo i?iaaaeaiey, i?aaenaaeaoaeuenoaoao ia canaaeaieyo Niaaoa
(I?aaeaiey);
— a niioaaonoaee n ?aoaieai Niaaoa i?aaiecoao oaeouoth aeayoaeueiinoue
annioeeaoeee;
— a i?aaeaeao ooaa?aeaeaiiie Niaaoii niaou ?anoiaeia ooaa?aeaeaao
no?oeoo?o aaia?aeueiiai eniieieoaeueiiai i?aaia e aai ooaou;
— inouanoaeyao oaeouee eiio?ieue ca aeayoaeueiinoueth eniieieoaeueiuo
i?aaiia annioeeaoeee.
I?aceaeaio annioeeaoeee, niaeanii o/?aaeeoaeueiui aeieoiaioai,
ecae?aaony Niaaoii ec /enea iieiiii/iuo i?aaenoaaeoaeae /eaiia
annioeeaoeee (aeaa aaeieieno?aoeee ?aaeiiia) eaaeeoeoee?iaaiiui
aieueoeinoaii aieinia ia n?ie 2 aiaea. Ii ?aoaieth Niaaoa I?aceaeaio
annioeeaoeee iiaeao auoue ia?aeca?ai a oaeii aea ii?yaeea aua ia iaeei
aeaooeaoiee n?ie. Oioy a ?aaeueiinoe i?aceaeaionoai, iai?eia?, A.No?iaaa
e Y.?innaey niioaaonoaaiii a annioeeaoeeyo «*a?iicaiuea» e «Aieueoie
O?ae» i?aa?aoeeinue a «aaca?aiaiiia i?aaeaiea».
Eniieieoaeueiua i?aaiu. Aoi?ie o?iaaiue no?oeoo?iie i?aaiecaoeee
ia?acotho iaiin?aaenoaaiii eniieieoaeueiua i?aaiu oa??eoi?eaeueiuo
nithcia. Aeaaiui eniieieoaeueiui i?aaiii yaeyaony Eniieieoaeueiay
aee?aeoeey ai aeaaa n aaia?aeueiui aee?aeoi?ii. A Annioeeaoeee
yeiiiie/aneiai acaeiiaeaenoaey iaeanoae e ?anioaeee O?aeueneiai ?aaeiia
— yoi Yeiiiie/aneee eiieoao ii I?ia?aiiai ?acaeoey O?aeueneiai ?aaeiia.
Eniieieoaeueiua aee?aeoeee eiatho neaaeothuea ooieoeee:
— i?iaiaeeo a aeeciue ?aoaiey Niaaoa annioeeaoeee;
— ?aoaao aii?inu oaeouae aeayoaeueiinoe annioeeaoeee;
— aioiaeo a i?aaeaa?eoaeueiii ii?yaeea aii?inu, eioi?ua iiaeeaaeao
?anniio?aieth ia Niaaoa;
— ?aoaao aii?inu caeeth/aiey aeiaiai?ia (niaeaoaiee, eiio?aeoia), o/aoa,
io/aoiinoe.
Aaia?aeueiue aee?aeoi? iaaeaeai neaaeothueie iieiiii/eyie:
— inouanoaeaiea ?oeiaiaenoaa aeayoaeueiinoueth Eniieieoaeueiie
aee?aeoeee;
— th?eaee/aneia i?aaenoaaeoaeuenoai annioeeaoeee;
— ia?niiaeueiay ioaaonoaaiiinoue ca auiieiaiea aiceiaeaiiuo ia
Eniieieoaeueioth aee?aeoeeth caaea/;
— i?aaenoaaeaiea annioeeaoeee a ioiioaieyo n ae?oaeie i?aaiecaoeeyie e
eeoeaie, caeeth/aao niaeaoaiey, aeiaiai?u e eiio?aeou io eiaie
annioeeaoeee;
— i?eiyoea ?aoaiey i i?aaeuyaeaiee io eiaie annioeeaoeee i?aoaicee e
eneia e eeoeai e i?aaiecaoeeyi, ia auiieiythuei aeiaiai?iua
iaycaoaeuenoaa;
— iiaeienaiea oeiainiauo aeieoiaioia.
Aeayoaeueiinoue annioeeaoeee inouanoaeyaony a niioaaonoaee n ?aoaieai
Niaaoa (I?aaeaiey) ii ii?aaeaeaiiui i?ei?eoaoiui i?ia?aiiiui
iai?aaeaieyi. Oae, iai?eia?, Annioeeaoeey «Aieueoay Aieaa»
i?eaea?aeeaaaony oanoe i?ei?eoaoiuo iai?aaeaiee:
«Yeieiaey Iiaieaeuey»;
«Yia?aaoeea Iiaieaeuey»;
«I?iiuoeaiiia i?iecaiaenoai»;
«Naeueneia oicyenoai e i?iaeaiu i?iecaiaenoaa i?iaeiaieuenoaey»;
«O?ainii?oiay noaia Iiaieaeuey»;
«Nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie/aneay iieeoeea».
Aeey neii?aeeie?iaaiiie ?aaiou ii yoei iai?aaeaieyi Niaaoii Annioeeaoeee
ia?aciauaathony i?ioeeueiua eiieoaou, a ninoaa eioi?uo aoiaeyo
?oeiaiaeeoaee niioaaonoaothueo aeaia?oaiaioia aaeieieno?aoeee e
i?aaeoaeuenoa ?aaeiiia.
Ia iniiaaiee auoai?eaaaeaiiuo aeaiiuo aeaeii, /oi no?oeoo?a
eii?aeeie?othueo i?aaiia iineo eae io?aneaaoth, oae e i?iaeaiioth
iai?aaeaiiinoue. Yoi, a ia?aoth i/a?aaeue, naycaii ni niaoeeoeeie
aeayoaeueiinoe I?A. A caaea/o eii?aeeiaoeeiiiuo eiieoaoia aoiaeeo ia
oieueei ?aoaoue i?iaeaiu aioo?e ioaeaeueii acyouo io?aneae, ii e
iia?aoeaii ?aaae?iaaoue ia aii?inu, aeeth/athuea a naay yeaiaiou ec
?acee/iuo noa? yeiiiieee e nioeeaeueiie noa?u.
Oaeei ia?acii, aiaeece?oy ninoiyiea ii?iaoeaiie aacu, ?aaoee?othuae
aeayoaeueiinoue iaae?aaeiiaeueiuo annioeeaoeee, iiaeii naeaeaoue auaiae
, /oi ii ia?a iiauoaiey eo ?iee a ioiioaieyo ia oieueei iaaeaeo
noauaeoaie oaaea?aoeee, ii e n oaaea?aeueiui oeaio?ii, iiyaeeanue
iaiaoiaeeiinoue eii?aeeiaoeee aeayoaeueiinoe oaaea?aeueiiai oeaio?a n
I?A. Niioaaonoaaiii, auea i?iaaaeaia ?aaioa ii onoaiiaeaieth na?ueaciuo
eiioaeoia, eioi?ay naeaeaea ec I?A niaauaoaeueiua i?aaiu eae i?e
I?aaeoaeuenoaa ?O, oae e a Niaaoa Oaaea?aoeee. O?aaiaioe?iaaiiinoue
ii?iaoeaiie aacu, ?aaoee?othuae iniiaiua aniaeou aeayoaeueiinoe I?A,
nicaeaao cia/eoaeueiua neiaeiinoe ia noieueei aeey eo ooieoeeiie?iaaiey,
neieueei aeey au?aaioee aaeeiiai iiaeoiaea ni noi?iiu oaaea?aeueiuo
aeanoae e ioiioaieyi n annioeeaoeeyie, oi anoue i?iaaaeaieth iniuneaiiie
e yooaeoeaiie ?aaeiiaeueiie iieeoeee. Iaeiaei nai oaeo ?ac?aaioee yoeo
caeiiii?iaeoia aiai?eo ia iniciaiee aaaeiinoe aii?ina.
A oi aea a?aiy, no?oeoo?a annioeeaoeee /aoei io?aaeaao aeiieie?iaaiea
yeiiiie/aneeo i?e/ei eo nicaeaiey. Ooieoeee aunoeo i?aaiia iauaaeeiaiee
naiaeyony nei?aa e iieeoe/aneei e aaeieieno?aoeaiui aeaenoaeyi, oiaaea
eae iniiaiay ?aaioa eiaeeony ia ieciaua no?oeoo?u. Ii eiaiii yoe
eii?aeeiaoeeiiiua a?oiiu yaeythony iaoaieciii a?oeeoeyoeee e ?aaeecaoeee
eioa?ania. I?e yoii iaiaoiaeeii niiaa iiae/a?eiooue oio oaeo, /oi
?aoaiey annioeeaoeee ia yaeythony iaycaoaeueiuie aeey oao ?aaeiiia,
eioi?ua ia eo iiaeaea?aeaee. Yoi ia iicaieyao aiai?eoue ia annioeeaoeeyo
eae i oaeoe/anee noi?ie?iaaiiuo i?aaiao aeanoe. Ii a oi aea a?aiy iie
yaeythony ?aaeueiui iaoaieciii i?aoai?aiey a aeeciue yeiiiie/aneie
?aaeiiaeueiie iieeoeee, a oaeaea niiniaii inouanoaeaiey ia?aoiie nayce n
oeaio?ii ii iiaiaeo aeecianiiniaiinoe oaaea?aeueiuo i?ia?aii, eioi?ua
i?aaeeaaathony a ?aieao ?aaeiiaeueiie iieeoeee noauaeoai oaaea?aoeee.
?acthie?oy auoaeceiaeaiiia, neaaeoao ioiaoeoue, /oi eaeay nicaeaiey
iaae?aaeiiaeueiuo annioeeaoeee – eae i?aaiecaoeeiiii-naycothuaai caaia
iaaeaeo eioa?anaie noauaeoia ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee e eioa?anaie
oaaea?aeueiuo ieienoa?noa e aaaeiinoa a oneiaeyo oi?ie?iaaiey aaeeiiai
?inneeneiai aioo?aiiaai ?uiea ia iniiaa oaea eiathuaainy iiuoa – auea
aanueia naiaa?aiaiiie, aeieacaea naith ?aaeueiinoue e ia?niaeoeaiinoue.
E iia eiaao a naaa ianiiiaiiue iioaioeeae aeey ?acaeoey, iiyoiio
iaae?aaeiiaeueiua annioeeaoeee yaeythony iaeiei ec iaeaieaa aaaeiuo
oaeoi?ia ?aaeiiaeueiie iieeoeee ?innee.
Nienie enoi/ieeia e eeoa?aoo?u
I Enoi/ieee.
Iaiioaeeeiaaiiua:
I?iaeo Aaia?aeueiiai niaeaoaiey iaaeaeo I?aaeoaeuenoaii ?inneeneie
Oaaea?aoeee e iaae?aaeiiaeueiuie annioeeaoeeyie yeiiiie/aneiai
acaeiiaeaenoaey noauaeoia ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee ia 1998 – 2000 aiaeu.
I?iaeo Oaaea?aeueiiai caeiia “Ia iaueo i?eioeeiao i?aaiecaoeee e
aeayoaeueiinoe annioeeaoeee yeiiiie/aneiai acaeiiaeaenoaey noauaeoia
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee”.
Onoaa Annioeeaoeee “Aieueoay Aieaa” ii yeiiiie/aneiio acaeiiaeaenoaeth
?anioaeee e iaeanoae Iiaieaeneiai ?aaeiia ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee
Onoaa Iaae?aaeiiaeueiie Annioeeaoeee yeiiiie/aneiai acaeiiaeaenoaey
“Neae?neia niaeaoaiea”.
Onoaa Annioeeaoeee yeiiiie/aneiai acaeiiaeaenoaey oa??eoi?ee
Naaa?i-Caiaaea ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee (“Naaa?i-Caiaae”);
Onoaa Iaae?aaeiiaeueiie Annioeeaoeee yeiiiie/aneiai acaeiiaeaenoaey
noauaeoia ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee Oeaio?aeueiie ?innee (“Oeaio?aeueiay
?inney”);
Onoaa Annioeeaoeee yeiiiie/aneiai acaeiiaeaenoaey iaeanoae
Oeaio?aeueii-*a?iicaiiiai ?aaeiia ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee
(“*a?iicaiuea”);
Onoaa Annioeeaoeee nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie/aneiai nio?oaeie/anoaa
?anioaeeee, e?aaa, iaeanoae Naaa?iiai Eaaeaca (“Naaa?iue Eaaeac”);
Onoaa Annioeeaoeee yeiiiie/aneiai acaeiiaeaenoaey iaeanoae e ?anioaeee
O?aeueneiai ?aaeiia (“Aieueoie O?ae”);
Onoaa Iaae?aaeiiaeueiie Annioeeaoeee yeiiiie/aneiai acaeiiaeaenoaey
noauaeoia ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee Aeaeueiaai Ainoiea e Caaaeeaeuey.
Io/ao “I ?aaioa Annioeeaoeee “Naaa?i-Caiaae” a 1998 aiaeo.
“I aeayoaeueiinoe Annioeeaoeee “Naaa?i-Caiaae” a 1997 aiaeo e iniiaiuo
iai?aaeaieyo aa ?aaiou ia ia?eiae aei 2000 aiaea”.
Ieai ?aaiou niaaoa Annioeeaoeee “Aieueoay Aieaa” a 1997 aiaeo e ia?aii
eaa?oaea 1998 aiaea.
Ia Annioeeaoeee ii yeiiiie/aneiio acaeiiaeaenoaeth ?anioaeee e iaeanoae
Iiaieaeuey “Aieueoay Aieaa”.
Iioaeeeiaaiiua:
Eiinoeoooeey ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee. I. 1997.
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ia?aciaaiee, e?aaa e iaeanoae a inouanoaeaiee ?aaeeeaeueiie
yeiiiie/aneie ?aoi?iu» // ?inneeneay aacaoa. 1991. 19 iiya?y.
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Oeac I?aceaeaioa ?O io 03.06.96 ?803 “Ia Iniiaiuo iieiaeaieyo
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?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee, Niaaoia Ieieno?ia ?anioaeee a ninoaaa
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee, aaeieieno?aoeee e?aaa, iaeanoae, aaoiiiiiie
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A ninoaa Annioeeaoeee ecia/aeueii aioee A?yineay, Aeaaeeie?neay,
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