Ieienoa?noai ia?aciaaiey ?O
Oaeio?oneee ainoaea?noaaiiue oieaa?neoao
Eoaeuiea?neee ainoaea?noaaiiue einoeooo
EIIO?IEUeIAss ?AAIOA
ii enoi?ee ainoaea?noaa e i?aaa ca?oaaaeiuo no?ai
oaia: Eaeay e i?ia?aiia aia?oecia Aaeoieia
Auiieiee: nooaeaio a?. E 12-13
Aea?yaei A.I.
I?iaa?ee: i?aiiaeaaaoaeue
Iaeueoeaa A.E.
Eoaeuiea?, 2001
Iaeaaeaiea:
Aaaaeaiea
1.Aaaaeaiea
Ieoaee Aeaenaiae?iae/ Aaeoiei aioae a enoi?eth iieeoe/aneie iunee ia
oieueei eae eaeaieia aoioa?neiai iai?aaeaiey a ia?iaeie/anoaa, ii e eae
?iaeiia/aeueiee e e?oiiaeoee i?aaenoaaeoaeue aia?oecia a ?innee.
?yae oaeoi?ia niinianoaiaae ?ani?ino?aiaieth aia?oenoneeo eaeae a iaoae
no?aia. I?aaeaea anaai yoi aeoaieee e aeeeoaeueiue e?ecen
naiiaea?aeaaiiai e e?aiinoie/aneiai ainoaea?noaa, noaaoee i/aaeaeiui a
na?aaeeia aaea e ia i?aiaeieaiiue aei eiioea a oiaea
iaiineaaeiaaoaeueiuo ao?aeoaciuo i?aia?aciaaiee. Ainoaea?noai ia
iieueciaaeinue a ?onneii iauanoaa oaaaeaieai. Io e?eoeee aai
iayooaeoeaiinoe, ei??oiie?iaaiiinoe, ioi?aaiiinoe io iauanoaa aei
naienoaaiiiai aia?oecio iieiiai io?eoeaiey ainoaea?noaa, anaai eeoue
iaeei oaa.
Iaeeioiaa?iia i?iecaiaenoai, oa?aeoa?iia aeey ?innee n aai ineoieiaeae
aaoiiiiee e iaaeiaa?eai e ainoaea?noaaiiiio aiaoaoaeuenoao, nio?aiaiea
iaueiiuo o?aaeeoeee e?anoueyinoaa, eaca/ueaai naiioi?aaeaiey, oeeaae
aeecie ?aneieueieeia, iacuaaaoeo ainoaea?noai i?oaeeai aioeo?enoa,
naeaeaoaeuenoaiaaee i nio?aiaiee a ia?iaea o?aaeeoeee iaainoaea?noaaiiie
i?aaiecaoeee. Iaoe?iinoue oa??eoi?ee e iano?ioa iaoeeiiaeueiiai ninoaaa
?innee auee oaeiau, /oi ainoaea?noaaiiia ono?ienoai ia auei iniaaiii
i?i/iui e aeoaiei i?iieeathuei. Iiae oeaaii aaeeiie e iaaeaeeiie ?innee
iiiaea caiee e ia?iaeu, ia iaeaaeay noaa?aieoaoii, ana aea ai iiiaii
i?iaeieaeaee aeeoue ii naiei iau/ayi.
Eciaiaiea nioeeaeueiie no?oeoo?u no?aiu a ?acoeueoaoa ?acaeoey
eaieoaeecia, ia?aciaaiea cia/eoaeueiuo ii /eneaiiinoe ia?aeiaeueiuo
neiaa a eeoea ia?acaeoiai ai?iaeneiai i?ieaoa?ecia, ethiiai-i?ieaoa?eaoa
e aaaeiaeoaai e?anoueyinoaa, ?acei e?eoe/aneia ii ioiioaieth e aeanoyi
iano?iaiea iiiaeo i?aaenoaaeoaeae eioaeeeaaioeee nicaeaaaee aoiinoa?o
ianoaaeeueiinoe e ?aaiethoeeiiiuo iaeeaeaiee.
A yoeo oneiaeyo aia?oeci ia oieueei iaoiaeee nioeeaeueioth iii?o, ii e
i?eia?aoae aieaa ?aaeeeaeueiua, iai?eie?eiua oi?iu a n?aaiaiee n
caiaaeiuie ia?acoeaie. Auea o ?onneiai aia?oecia e aua iaeia
iniaaiiinoue. I?eaioe?oynue ia nioeeaeueioth ?aaiethoeeth n iii?ie ia
iaueio, ii i?eia?ae y?ei au?aaeaiiia eieeaeoeaenoneia niaea?aeaiea.
2.Aeayoaeueiinoue Aaeoieia. Aai acaeyaeu.
Ieoaee Aeaenaiae?iae/ Aaeoiei (1814 – 1876) aue nuiii oaa?neiai
iiiaueea, i?eiaaeeaaeaaoaai e ae?aaiaio aeai?yineiio ?iaeo, /oi noeeei
aio aeanoyuoth ea?uea?o. Iaeiaei iieiaeie Aaeoiei eca?ae aeey naay iooue
i?ioanneiiaeueiiai ?aaiethoeeiia?a, ?ac?ooeoaey oiaaeaoieo ainoaea?noa,
o/anoaoy a ?aaiethoeee 1848 a., a ai?ueaa neaayi ca naia inaiaiaeaeaiea
io eaa Aano?eeneie eiia?ee n oeaeueth nicaeaiey oaaea?aoeee neaayineeo
ia?iaeia. A eiioea aeecie ii aeoeaii o/anoaoao a aeayoaeueiinoe I
Eioa?iaoeeiiaea, no?aiynue, oaia?ue oaea n aia?oenoneeo iiceoeee,
nicaeaoue ia aai iniiaa caaiai?ue/aneoth i?aaiecaoeeth, niiniaioth
onoaiiaeoue aacainoaea?noaaiiue no?ie a Aa?iia. Ca ?aneieueie/aneoth
aeayoaeueiinoue e iooiae io Onoaaa e I?ia?aiiu I Eioa?iaoeeiiaea
?aoaieai Aaaaneiai eiia?anna 1872 a. I.A.Aaeoiei e aai noi?iiieee auee
eneeth/aiu ec yoie i?aaiecaoeee.
A iineaaeothuea aiaeu Aaeoiei i?aaei?eieiaao aua ?yae iiiuoie i?eiyoue
ee/iia o/anoea a i?aaiecaoeee ?onneiai e iaaeaeoia?iaeiiai
?aaiethoeeiiiiai aeaeaeaiey. Inaiueth 1873 a. Iiyaeeanue eieaa
“Ainoaea?noaaiiinoue e aia?oey” ni niaoeeaeueiui i?eeiaeaieai,
niaea?aeauei i?ia?aiio i?aeoe/aneie aeayoaeueiinoe aeey ?onneeo
?aaiethoeeiia?ia. A iae i?icao/ae i?ecua “eaeoe a ia?iae”. Iaiaoiaeeii,
n/eoae Aaeoiei, eniieueciaaoue oi ?aaiethoeeiiiia iano?iaiea, eioi?ia
i?enoua ?onneiio ia?iaeo. ?ieue aaeoaoi?a io aia?oecia caeeth/aeanue
oieueei a iiyniaiee ia?iaeiiai niciaiey e a i?aaiecaoeee ia?iaea ia
noeoeeiue aoio.
I.A.Aaeoiei neii/aeny 1 ethey 1876 a. A oaaeoea?neii ai?iaea Aa?ia.
Nii?u i aai ianoa a enoi?ee iieeoe/aneie iunee i?iaeieaeathony e nae/an.
Aia?oenou ?eniaaee ii?o?ao “?aaiethoeeiiiiai aeaaioa”, iacuaaee aai
“iiuiie ee/iinoueth”, “aeaaioii aeooa”. I?ioeaieee Aaeoieia, iaiai?io,
iiae/a?eeaaee ioeaee e iaaeinoaoee, ca/anooth i?aiaa?aaay ia?ie.
Aaeoieio i?eoeinue aeoneoue ia oieueei ni?aaaaeeeaoth e?eoeeo, ii e
aeanoeoth iaeaeo, inei?aeaiey, eiaaea aai ioaee/ii iacuaaee
“i?aaeoaeuenoaaiiui aaaioii”, “noa?ui eio?eaaiii”, ia/oathuei
onoaiiaeoue “aeaniioe/aneoth aeeeoaoo?o a ?onneii aeooa”, ca/eneyee a
“iaineaaenoneee na?iae” e o.ae.
I?ienoiaeaeaiea ainoaea?noaa Aaeoiei ?anniao?eaaao n eaeaaeenoe/aneeo
iiceoeee. I?e?iaea /aeiaaea aeaienoaaiia. Eo/oea aa /a?ou e einoeieou –
ca?iaeuo aieueiie aacainoaea?noaaiiie i?aaiecaoeee aoaeouaai. Ooaeoea –
iniiaa aeey aicieeiiaaiey ainoaea?noaa. Ia aeo?iuo einoeieoao e
no?anoyo, ia i?aaeinoaeeoaeueiuo naienoaao oia e oa?aeoa?a ethaeae
“caiaoaii”, ii Aaeoieio, ainoaea?noai. Oae, aicieeiiaaiea ainoaea?noaa a
Aa?iaiee ii naycuaaao n oai, /oi “a iaiaoeeie e?iae, a iaiaoeeii
einoeieoa, a iaiaoeeie o?aaeeoeee anoue no?anoue ainoaea?noaaiiiai
ii?yaeea e ainoaea?noaaiiie aeenoeeieeiu”. Eaeeioeci, aeoiinoue ethaeae
n/eoathony ei aeaaiui oneiaeai ?aanoaa. Ii ia aaeeinoaaiiui!
Ainoaea?noai enoi?e/anee aicieeaao “ai anao no?aiao io nithca ianeeey n,
iionoioaiey e a?aaaaea”.
Ainoaea?noai icia/aao “ianeeea, ainiiaenoai iin?aaenoaii ianeeey,
caianee?iaaiiiai, anee iiaeii, e, a e?aeiai neo/aa, aanoea?aiiiiiai e
ioe?iaaiiiai”. A ae?oaeo ?aaioao yoi iiiyoea Aaeoiei aeiiieiyao: “Anee
anoue ainoaea?noai, oi iai?aiaiii anoue ainiiaenoai, neaaeiaaoaeueii, e
?aanoai; ainoaea?noai aac ?aanoaa, ioe?uoiai eee caianee?iaaiiiai,
iaiuneeii”. “Eoi aiai?eo ainoaea?noai e aeanoue, oio aiai?eo
ainiiaenoai”.
Aianoi ainoaea?noaa Aaeoiei iiiuoeyao nicaeaoue iinea nioeeaeueiie
?aaiethoeee iiaue no?ie, iniiaaiiue ia “eaeaa naiaiaeu”. Naiaiaea
eiaeeaeaeia e annioeeaoeee aunooiaao i?e yoii eae iaeee ai?ei?iue
i?eioeei, ii?aaeaeaiiui ia?acii ni/aoaaiue a aai oiic?eoaeueiie
eiioeaioeee n i?eioeeiii ?aaainoaa, ni?aaaaeeeainoe, nieeaea?iinoe, a
oaeaea n o?aaiaaieyie aia?oenoneie i?ia?aiiu. Aaaeiaeoeie n?aaee ieo
noaei a eiia/iii eoiaa o?aaiaaiea ?ac?ooaiey ainoaea?noaa, a oaeaea
anyeiai, iie?athuaainy ia i?eioaeaeaiea aaoi?eoaoa, eioi?ua, eae n/eoaee
aia?oenou, a i?eioeeia ianiaianoeiu ni naiaiaeie e ?aaainoaii ethaeae e
eieeaeoeaia. Ii yoi ia icia/aao ?aniaaea iauanoaaiiuo naycae.
Ainoaea?noai caiaiyaony oaaea?aoeeae naiaiaeiuo naiioi?aaeythueony iauei
a aeooa I?oaeiia.
Naiaiaea eiaeeaeaea, ii ii?aaeaeaieth Aaeoieia, anoue ia /oi eiia, eae
“io?aaeaiea aai /aeiaa/iinoe eee aai /aeiaa/aneiai i?aaa a niciaiee anao
naiaiaeiuo ethaeae, aai a?aoueaa, aai ?aaiuo”. Ni anae
ii?aaeaeaiiinoueth ii oeacuaae ia oanioth acaeiinaycue naiaiaeu n
?aaeueiie aiciiaeiinoueth oaeiaeaoai?youe iaoa?eaeueiua e aeooiaiua
iio?aaiinoe, a oaeaea ia oanioth acaeiinaycue naiaiaeu eiaeeaeaeoaeueiie
e naiaiaeu eieeaeoeaiie. “Eieeaeoeaiay naiaiaea e aeaaininoiyiea
?aaeueiu eeoue oiaaea, – ooaa?aeaeae Aaeoiei a ?aaioa “Eiooi-aa?iaineay
eiia?ey”, – eiaaea iie i?aaenoaaeytho niaith noiio eiaeeaeaeoaeueiuo
naiaiae e i?ioeaaoaiee”. Niiinoaaeyy eiaeeaeaeoaeueioth e eieeaeoeaioth
naiaiaeo, Aaeoiei neeiiai aue aeaeaoue a aeinoeaeaiee ?aaeueiie naiaiaeu
aeey eaaeaeiai iiaeeeiioth oeaeue enoi?ee, a a oaaaeaiee aeinoieinoaa
ee/iinoe – aunoee i?aanoaaiiue caeii.
Ana yoi naeaeaoaeuenoaoao i oii, /oi aia?oeci I.A.Aaeoieia eiaao
eieeaeoeaenoneea ei?ie. Ii no?aieony e i?aaiecaoeee iauanoaa e
eieeaeoeaiie nianoaaiiinoe nieco aaa?o iin?aaenoaii aieueiiai
iauaaeeiaiey, annioeee?iaaiey ethaeae, eioi?ua ai acaeiiioiioaieyo ae?oa
n ae?oaii aoaeoo ?oeiaiaenoaiaaoueny ii?iaie i?aanoaaiiinoe. Aaeoiei
n/eoae, /oi oieueei oaeei ia?acii iiaeii aoaeao aeinoe/ue naiaiaeu
eaaeaeiai. “ss noaiiaethnue aeaenoaeoaeueii naiaiaeiui eeoue aeaaiaea?y
naiaiaea ae?oaeo, oae /oi, /ai aieueoa eiee/anoai naiaiaeiuo ethaeae,
ie?oaeathueo iaiy, /ai aeoaaea e oe?a eo naiaiaea, oai ?ani?ino?aiaiiaa,
aeoaaea e oe?a noaiiaeony iiy naiaiaea”. Naiaiaea ioaeia aeey ?acaeoey
eiaeeaeaeii anao naieo niiniaiinoae e iieiiai iieueciaaiey eie iooai
ainieoaiey, iao/iiai ia?aciaaiey e iaoa?eaeueiiai aeaaiiieo/ey. Ionthaea
neaaeoao, /oi naiaiaea, ii Aaeoieio, anoue ia naiioeaeue, ii oi
iaycaoaeueiia oneiaea, iaee/ea eioi?iai ?aaeecaoeeth eaeaaea aoaeouaai –
aia?oieieeaeoeaenoneie i?aaiecaoeee iauanoaa.
N auniou naiaai eaeaaea Aaeoiei iiyoue aica?auaaony e aiaeeco nouiinoe
ainoaea?noaa, aai i?e?iaeu. Naiaiaea ieeiaaea ia oaeeaaaony n
iieeoe/aneie aeanoueth, iiyoiio ana aeanoiia, ana iino?iaiiia ia
i?eioaeaeaiee aeieaeii aaciaiai?i/ii ioaa?aaoueny. Anyeia ainoaea?noai
ii oneiaeyi e oeaee naiaai nouanoaiaaiey ninoaaeyao aeeaiao?aeueioth
i?ioeaiiieiaeiinoue /aeiaa/aneie ni?aaaaeeeainoe, naiaiaea e
i?aanoaaiiinoe. E iiyoiio iao aieueoie ?acieoeu iaaeaeo iieoaa?aa?neie
ana?inneeneie eiia?eae e naiui oeeaeeeciaaiiui ainoaea?noaii Aa?iiu.
Nooue anyeie ainoaea?noaaiiie aeanoe, anyeiai i?aaeoaeuenoaa a
ii?aaiuaiee ia?iaea. Aeey ia?iaea, aeey o?oaeyueony ainoaea?noai anaaaea
inoaiaony oth?ueiie, “oioy iii aeanyoue ?ac iacaaei naay ia?iaeiui e
auei ?acoe?aoaii iaeaeaiie?aoe/aneeie oi?iaie”. Neaaeoao eiaoue aaeaeo,
/oi aaeoieineee iaoin io?eoeaiey ainoaea?noaaiiinoe ai iiiaii
iniiauaaeny ia aiaeeca aeaenoaeoaeueiuo i?ioeai?a/ee e aioaaiieciia
nia?aiaiiiai aio ao?aeoaciiai iauanoaa. “A?aaeaeaia e ?aau – aioaaiieci,
nouanoaiaaaoee a ae?aaiai ie?a e ?aaiaeaaeaeue/aneeo ainoaea?noaao
iiaiai oeia. A?aaeaeaia e ?aau, o.a. i?eioaeaeaiiua ?aaioieee, ?aau anee
ia ii i?aao, oi ia aeaea – aio aioaaiieci nia?aiaiiiai ie?a. Iiaeiaii
oiio, eae ae?aaiea ainoaea?noaa iiaeaee io ?aanoaa, oae nia?aiaiiua
ainoaea?noaa iiaeaioo io i?ieaoa?eaoa”.
A?aae ainoaea?noaa i?ienoaeaao, niaeanii Aaeoieio, ec aai
yenieoaoaoi?neie ?iee ii ioiioaieth e iauanoao e ee/iinoe. Ainoaea?noai
“anaaaea aa?aioe?oao oi, /oi iaoiaeeo: iaeiei – eo aiaaonoai, ae?oaei –
eo aaaeiinoue; iaeiei – naiaiaeo, iniiaaiioth ia nianoaaiiinoe, ae?oaei
– ?aanoai, iaecaaaeiia neaaenoaea eo ieuaou; e iii canoaaeyao ieueo
aa/ii ?aaioaoue e a neo/aa iaaeiaiinoe oie?aoue aeey oaaee/aiey e
nio?aiaiey aiaaonoaa, eioi?ia yaeyaony i?e/eiie eo ieuaou e ?aanoaa.
Oaeiaa enoeiiay i?e?iaea e enoeiiay ienney ainoaea?noaa”.
?aceea eiio?anou iaaethaeathony e a i?aaiauo acaeyaeao Aaeoieia. Ana
th?eaee/aneea caeiiu yaeythony aiaoia iaaycaiiuie, a iioiio
aeaniioe/aneeie onoaiiaeaieyie, iie ii?aaiuatho /aeiaaea e iaeiia?aiaiii
?aca?auatho naieo caeiiiaeaoaeae. Iie a?aaeaeaaiu naiaiaea e
i?ioeai?a/ao anoanoaaiiiio (/aeiaa/aneiio) i?aao. A ?aaioa “Eiooi
-aa?iaineay eiia?ey” Aaeoiei i?iaicaeaoae: “Iaeiei neiaii, iu ioaa?aaai
anyeia i?eaeeaae?iaaiiia, eeoeaiceiiiia, ioeoeeaeueiia e eaaaeueiia,
oioy au auoaeathuaa ec anaiauaai ecae?aoaeueiiai i?aaa
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai, aeanoue e aicaeaenoaea, oae eae iu oaaaeaeaiu, /oi
iie anaaaea iaecaaaeii ia?auathony eeoue e auaiaea ainiiaenoaothuaai e
yenieoaoe?othuaai iaiueoeinoaa a oua?a ia?iiiiai ii?aaiuaiiiai
aieueoeinoaa. Aio a eaeii niunea iu aeaenoaeoaeueii aia?oenou”.
A “?aaiethoeeiiiii eaoaoecena” 1868 a. Aaeoiei auaeaeioe o?aaiaaiea
ioiaiu anao aeaenoaothueo a aa?iiaeneeo no?aiao a?aaeaeaineeo e
oaieiaiuo eiaeaenia ia oii iniiaaiee, /oi iie i?ioeai?a/ao
“iaua/aeiaa/aneiio i?aao”.
I?aao iieeoe/aneiio, ioeoeeaeueiiio Aaeoiei i?ioeaeeny ia a iaiueoae
noaiaie, /ai iaaycuaaieth aeiaiaoia ?aeeaee e oea?eae, ii?aaaeaieth
i?eaeeaaeae aiaaonoaa, i?eaeeaaee ciaoiinoe. Ca anaie yoeie
o/?aaeaeaieyie ii aeaeae ne?uoia ianeeea e iieeoe/aneia i?eioaeaeaiea,
o.a. aioeaoiaiioth ii?aaiuaiioth aeanoue. Iineieueeo anyeay aeanoue, a
i?aaenoaaeaiee aia?oenoa, ceaeaeaony ia ianeeee, ia i?aiaa?aaeaiee e
/aeiaa/aneie aiea, oi aeey oiai, /oiau ooeaeaoue, iia no?aieony
?anoe?eoue naie iieiiii/ey e aicaeaenoaea iooai iiaeaaeaiey eieoeeaoeau
ee/iinoe, a?oiiu e aiiaua ethaiai iauaaeeiaiey ethaeae i?e iiiiue caeiia
– caeiia, oae neacaoue, nianoaaiiiai ecaioiaeaiey.
Naiaiaea /aeiaaea aeieaeia niecia?youeny, iiae/a?eeaae Aaeoiei, ia n oie
naiaiaeie, eioi?ay ioia?aia e iiaeaeiaaia ainoaea?noaii e aai caeiiaie,
a n oie naiaiaeie, eioi?ay anoue io?aaeaiea “/aeiaa/iinoe” e
“/aeiaa/aneiai i?aaa” a niciaiee anao naiaiaeiuo ethaeae, ioiinyueony
ae?oa e ae?oao eae a?aouey e eae ?aaiua.
*oi aea i?ioeaiiinoaaeye oai?aoee aia?oecia th?eaee/aneiio caeiio? A
yoii ioieoa aai i?ia?aiia auea ?anieua/aoie e eeoaia eiioeaiooaeueiie
caaa?oaiiinoe. Ii ?aoiaae, eae anaaaea, ca aaniethoioth
iai?eeiniiaaiiinoue e iaio/oaeaeaaiinoue ee/iie naiaiaeu e ia?auae naie
iuneaiiue aci? ia “?aoeeiiaeueiia”, o.a. ?acoiiia, anoanoaaiiia,
/aeiaa/aneia i?aai. “Iaiaoiaeeii i?iaiaeeoue /aoeia ?acee/ea iaaeaeo
enoi?e/aneei, iieeoe/aneei e th?eaee/aneei i?aaii e ?aoeeiiaeueiui, eee
i?inoi /aeiaa/aneei i?aaii. Ia?aia i?aaeo ie?ii aieioue aei naai /ana,
canoaaea aai nie?eoueny n e?iaaaie iani?aaaaeeeainoueth e oaiaoaieai.
Aoi?ia i?aai noaiao i?oaeeai iaoae yiaineiaoeee”.
Iiie/aynue i?ioea i?aaa – i?eaeeaaee, aicieeathuae ec ianeeey iaae
ethaeueie, Aaeoiei aneaae ca iiiaeie nioeeaeenoaie a iniiao i?aaiauo
ioiioaiee eaeaaeueiiai iauanoaa iieiaeee o?oae. “O?oae – iniiaa
aeinoieinoaa /aeiaaea e aai i?aaa. Eai eeoue naiaiaeiui ?acoiiui o?oaeii
oai?eo /aeiaae oeeaeeeciaaiiue ie?, nai, eae oai?aoe, ioaiaauaay o
aiaoiaai ie?a e o nianoaaiiie aeeaioiie i?e?iaeu naia /aeiaa/aneia
anoanoai e naia i?aai”.
Naie ia/ou i naiaiaeiii aacainoaea?noaaiiii iauanoaa, iniiaaiiii ia
nioeeaeueiie ni?aaaaeeeainoe, ia aia?oenoneie oaaea?aoeee, noieue
iaiiieiathuae i?oaeiiianeee eaeaae, Aaeoiei iaaeayeny inouanoaeoue
iin?aaenoaii ia?iaeiiai aoioa, iinyuaai ianniaue e a iaiaeie ia?a
noeoeeiue oa?aeoa?. A yoii iniaaiiinoue aaeoieineie oaeoeee, niaoeeoeea
aaeoieineiai iai?aaeaiey a ia?iaeie/aneii aeaeaeaiee.
Aaeoiei io?eoeae iniiaioth eaeath eaa?enoneie i?ia?aiiu – i
iaiaoiaeeiinoe i?iiaaaiaeu nioeeaeecia “a ia?iaea”. Ii n/eoae, /oi a
neeo naiaai iaaaaeanoaa, caaeoinoe, iaaiaeiinoe e aa?u a oea?y ?onneee
e?anoueyiei ia a ninoiyiee onaaeaaoue nioeeaeenoe/aneea oai?ee. Iaeiaei
Aaeoiei ioia/aao i?aeoe/aneoth niaoeo ?onneiai e?anoueyieia, aai
i?e?iaeiue oi e auaeaeyao aai iniaia naienoai – aioiaiinoue e aoioo. A
iiaeoaa?aeaeaiee yoie iunee ii ia?auaaony e enoi?ee ainnoaiee Ioaa/aaa e
?aceia, eioi?ua iauyaeyeenue ei ia?auie ?aaiethoeeiia?aie, e
?ani?ino?aiaiiinoe e iiioey?iinoe a ia?iaea yaeaiey ?acaieieeia. ?acaie
aicaiaeeeny a noaoon aaaeiaeoaai enoi?e/aneiai yaeaiey, naienoaaiiiai
oieueei aeey ?innee.
Enoi?e/aneee iaeee ia?iaeia, ienae Aaeoiei, i?iyaeyaony a eo ioiioaiee e
nioeeaeueiie ?aaiethoeee (ia?iaeu “niiniaiua” e ?aaiethoeee e
“ianiiniaiua” e iae). ?onneee ia?iae niiniaai e nioeeaeueiie
?aaiethoeee, ii “aoioa?ue ii iaoo?a”, ec aeoaeiu ia?iaeiiai aeooa a
no?aia aicieeioo “iiaua oi?iu naiaiaeiie iauanoaaiiinoe”. Yoa eaeay
Aaeoieia i ?aaiethoeeiiiie eca?aiiinoe ?onneiai ia?iaea eiiiie?iaaea
iiiaei ia?iaeieeai.
?onneia ainoaea?noai Aaeoiei ?anniao?eaae eae einoeooo, i?ioeainoiyuee
ia?iaeo. A ii?aoi?iaiiue ia?eiae, ioia/ae ii, ainoaea?noai a iieiie ia?a
?ane?uei naith aioeia?iaeioth nouiinoue, “ieii/aoaeueii ?acaeaaeei,
?aca?aoeei ?onneoth iaueio, oaea e aac oiai ?aca?auaiioth naiei
iao?ea?oaeueiui ia/aeii”. Aaeeinoaaiiui auoiaeii ec nicaeaaoaainy
iieiaeaiey iauyaeyeny aeey ioaeaeueiuo eeoe ?acaie, “a aeey oeaeiai
ia?iaea – anaiauee aoio, ?aaiethoeey”. Ia?aae a?yaeouei aoioii Aaeoiei
noaaee aeaa caaea/e: a yeiiiie/aneie noa?a – nioeeaeueiay ?aaiethoeey, a
iieeoe/aneie – ?ac?ooaiea ainoaea?noaa.
Iieeoe/aneay ai?ueaa, aunoaaeaiea iauaaeaiie?aoe/aneeo o?aaiaaiee ia
ioaeiu, eai a ?onneeo oneiaeyo oaeia iai?aaeaiea ai?ueau auaiaeii iaeiie
ao?aeoacee. Nioeeaeueiue ia?aai?io aaoiiaoe/anee i?eianao n niaie
iieeoe/aneea naiaiaeu. Aeiaeaaoueny aea iieeoe/aneeo naiaiae aei
nioeeaeueiiai ia?aai?ioa – yoi cia/eo ea?aoue ia ?oeo aua iaie?aiaoae
ao?aeoacee. Iineieueeo aaeeinoaaiii ?aaeueiie iieeoe/anee niciaoaeueiie
?aaiethoeeiiiie neeie auea eioaeeeaaioeey, iinoieueeoeiaiii ?inneeneee
“oinoaaiiue i?ieaoa?eao” aeieaeai iiaeieiaoue ia ?aaiethoeeth ioaeeea,
yoiai “i?e?iaeaeaiiiai aoioa?y”, aeieaeai aunooieoue “i?eaioiaeoaeai,
o.a. i?aaiecaoi?ii ia?iaeiie ?aaiethoeee”.
Ana iiiuoee aoioa?ae inouanoaeoue iaiaaeeaiii anaiauoth nioeeaeueioth
?aaiethoeeth aac iieeoeee ieii/eeenue iaoaea/ae e iineoaeeee ai?ueeei
o?ieii aeey ?onneeo nioeeaeenoia. Oai ia iaiaa a “I?eaaaeaiee “A” e
“Ainoaea?noaaiiinoe e aia?oee”, iieaiece?oy i?ioea Eaa?iaa e i?ia?aiiu
“Aia?aae!”, Aaeoiei aeieacuaae, /oi noaaea ia i?aaeaa?eoaeueiia
?acuyniaiea eaeae nioeeaeecia ioeai/ia, eai ia?iae eiaao naie aeaaii
auiioaiiue eaeaae. “Ia?aay e aeaaiay /a?oa – yoi anaia?iaeiia
oaaaeaeaiea, /oi caiey, any caiey, i?eiaaeeaaeeo ia?iaeo, i?ioathuaio aa
naiei iioii e iieiaeioai?ythuaio aa nianoaaiiui o?oaeii. Aoi?ay noieue
aea e?oiiay /a?oa, /oi i?aai ia iieueciaaiea ath i?eiaaeeaaeeo ia eeoeo,
a oeaeie iaueia, ie?o, ?acaeaeythuaio aa a?aiaiii iaaeaeo eeoeaie.
O?aouey /a?oa iaeeiaeiaie aaaeiinoe n aeaoiy i?aaeuaeoueie – yoi
eaacenaiaiaeiay aaoiiiiey, iaueiiia naiioi?aaeaiea e aneaaenoaea yoiai
?aoeoaeueii a?aaeaeaaiia ioiioaiea e ainoaea?noao”.
Ia?iaeiue i?ia?anneaiue eaeaae ia iia auoue inouanoaeai aei neo ii?
iioiio, /oi iaoaee oaeea /a?ou ?onneie aeecie, eae iao?ea?oaeueiinoue,
iiaeiuaiea eeoea ie?ii e aa?a a oea?y. *oi eanaaony i?aaineaaey, aa?u,
oi iie a ?innee ia eiatho oaeiai cia/aiey, eae eaoieeoeeci e aiiauca
?aeeaey a Caiaaeiie Aa?iia. Ana yoe iaaaoeaiua yaeaiey ia iiaoo
naea?aeaoue ?onneie nioeeaeueiie ?aaiethoeee, eai a no?aia i?enoonoaotho
aeaa aaaeiuo aa oneiaey: ieuaineia iieiaeaiea ia?iaea e aai caaeoinoue,
?aanoai. *ai ooaea oneiaey aeecie iann, oai aa?iyoiaa ac?ua. Iaaei eeoue
aeiaeoueny enoeiiie nioeeaeueii-?aaiethoeeiiiie eiiaeiaoeee –
niaaeeieoue ?aaiethoeeiiiue einoeieo ioaeeea e eaeaeiinoueth
eioaeeeaaioeee, eioi?ay, “I?iaaaey iaaeaeo iaueiaie aeeaie oie
?aaiethoeeiiiie iunee, aiee e aeaea”, caeioa?aniaaa ?aaiethoeeae “eo/oeo
e?anoueyi”, niiaeao “iiaeiyoue aae?oa ana aea?aaie“. Caaea/a
eioaeeeaaioeee – aucaaoue yoe aoiou, ia iaeeaeay, eiaaea i?iiaaaiaea
nioeeaeenoe/aneeo eaeae i?eaaaeao e aeaaei ?acoeueoaoai e niciaiea
ioaeeea ieii/aoaeueii i?inaaoeony. A aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe
ia?iaeieeai-aaeoienoai ia oaeaeinue iiaeiyoue ia oieueei “ana aea?aaie”,
ii oioy au iaeaeueiua ?aeiiu. Eo aieaaua eiioeuenu iaei aeeyee ia
iaueiii-iao?ea?oaeueiia niciaiea ?onneiai ioaeeea. Aaeoieci ia niia ec
oai?ee noaoue ?aaiethoeeiiiie i?aeoeeie e i?eaanoe e iiaaaea
?aaiethoeee, oioy aeeyiea aia?oecia nio?aiyeinue aua aeieai.
Nienie eeoa?aoo?u:
Ia?ouoei I.A. “Enoi?ey iieeoe/aneeo o/aiee: yiioe naiaiaeiie
eiieo?aioeee e ao?aeoaciuo ?aaiethoeeee”. Auione 2.I., 1996;
Aaeoiei I.A. “Ainoaea?noaaiiinoue e aia?oey. Eiooi-aa?iaineay eiia?ey. –
Oeeinioey. Nioeeieaeiaey. Iieeoeea”.I.,1989;
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