IINEIANEEE YENOA?IUE
AOIAIEOA?IUE OIEAA?NEOAO
Aeaaeaiey iaaeaaiaeee
?aoa?ao ii oai?aoe/aneiio eo?no
“Naiaeiay iaaeaaiaeea”
“Oeie/iua ioeaee a naiaeiii ainieoaiee”
Oaieeey, e.i. nooaeaioa
Nooaeai/aneee aeeao
I?aiiaeaaaoaeue ______________________
?aoeaicaio ______________________
1999
Ii?iaoeaiay /anoue
Iniiau naiaeiiai ainieoaiey.
Ainieoaoaeueiue iioaioeeae naiuee.
Iaea??iiua aeaoe – eaeea iie?
Iniaaiiinoe ainieoaiey iaea??iiuo aeaoae a naiuea.
Aeaoe n ia?aii-ineoe/aneeie ioeeiiaieyie.
Iniaaiiinoe ainieoaiey ia?aiuo aeaoae a naiuea.
Iniiau i?aaiecaoeee nio?oaeie/anoaa oeieu e naiuee.
Iauaiea o/eoaey n ?iaeeoaeyie.
Oai?/aneay /anoue
«Oeie/iua ioeaee a naiaeiii ainieoaiee»
Ioeaee ainieoaiey, aucaaiiua iioeaaoeeae ?iaeeoaeae
Eiioeeeou, aicieeathuea a nayce n iai?aaeeueiuie no?aoaaeyie ainieoaiey
?iaeeoaeueneea aee?aeoeau eae i?iyaeaiea ioeaie a naiaeiii ainieoaiee
Caeeth/aiea
3. Nienie eniieueciaaiiie eeoa?aoo?u
Ii?iaoeaiay /anoue
Iniiau naiaeiiai ainieoaiey. Ainieoaoaeueiue iioaioeeae naiuee.
O?aaeeoeeiiii aeaaiui einoeoooii ainieoaiey yaeyaony naiuey. Oi, /oi
?aa?iie a aeaoneea aiaeu i?eia?aoaao a naiuea, ii nio?aiyao a oa/aiea
anae iineaaeothuae aeecie. Aaaeiinoue naiuee eae einoeoooa ainieoaiey
iaoneiaeaia oai, /oi a iae ?aa?iie iaoiaeeony a oa/aiea cia/eoaeueiie
/anoe naiae aeecie, e ii aeeeoaeueiinoe naiaai aicaeaenoaey ia ee/iinoue
ie iaeei ec einoeoooia ainieoaiey ia iiaeao n?aaieoueny n naiueae. A iae
caeeaaeuaathony iniiau ee/iinoe ?aa?iea, e e iinooieaieth a oeieo ii
oaea aieaa /ai iaiieiaeio noi?ie?iaaeny eae ee/iinoue.
Naiuey iiaeao aunooiaoue a ea/anoaa eae iieiaeeoaeueiiai, oae e
io?eoeaoaeueiiai oaeoi?a ainieoaiey. E aianoa n oai ieeaeie ae?oaie
nioeeaeueiue einoeooo ia iiaeao iioaioeeaeueii iaianoe noieueei a?aaea a
ainieoaiee aeaoae, neieueei iiaeao naeaeaoue naiuey. Naiuey – yoi
iniaiai ?iaea eieeaeoea, ea?athuee a ainieoaiee iniiaioth,
aeieaia?aiaiioth e aaaeiaeooth ?ieue. O o?aaiaeiuo iaoa?ae /anoi
au?anoatho o?aaiaeiua aeaoe; /anoiethaeaua ?iaeeoaee ia?aaeei oae
iiaeaaeytho naieo aeaoae, /oi yoi i?eaiaeeo e iiyaeaieth o ieo eiiieaena
iaiieiioeaiiinoe; ianaea?aeaiiue ioaoe, auoiaeyuee ec naay ii iaeaeoaio
iiaiaeo, ia?aaeei, nai oiai ia aaaeay, oi?ie?oao iiaeiaiue aea oei
iiaaaeaiey o naieo aeaoae e o.ae.
A nayce n iniaie ainieoaoaeueiie ?ieueth naiuee aicieeaao aii?in i oii,
eae naeaeaoue oae, /oiau iaeneiece?iaaoue iieiaeeoaeueiua e naanoe e
ieieioio io?eoeaoaeueiua aeeyiey naiuee ia ainieoaiea ?aa?iea. Aeey
yoiai iaiaoiaeeii oi/ii ii?aaeaeeoue aioo?enaiaeiua
nioeeaeueii-ineoieiae/aneea oaeoi?u, eiathuea ainieoaoaeueiia cia/aiea.
Eiaiii a naiuea ?aa?iie iieo/aao ia?aue aeeciaiiue iiuo, aeaeaao ia?aua
iaaethaeaiey e o/eony eae naay aanoe a ?acee/iuo neooaoeeyo. I/aiue
aaaeii, /oiau oi, /aio ?iaeeoaee o/ao ?aa?iea, iiaee?aieyeinue
eiie?aoiuie i?eia?aie, /oiau ii aeaeae, /oi o ac?ineuo oai?ey ia
?anoiaeeony n i?aeoeeie. Aeaaiia a ainieoaiee iaeaiueeiai /aeiaaea –
aeinoeaeaiea aeooaaiiai aaeeiaiey, i?aanoaaiiie nayce ?iaeeoaeae n
?aa?ieii. ?iaeeoaeyi ie a eiai neo/aa ia noieo ioneaoue i?ioeann
ainieoaiey ia naiioae.
Eiioeeeoiay neooaoeey iaaeaeo ?iaeeoaeyie – ?acee/iua iiaeoiaeu e
ainieoaieth aeaoae. Ia?aay caaea/a ?iaeeoaeae – iaeoe iauaa ?aoaiea,
oaaaeeoue ae?oa ae?oaa. Anee i?eaeaony eaeoe ia eiii?iienn, oi
iaycaoaeueii oaeiaeaoai?eoue iniiaiua o?aaiaaiey noi?ii. Eiaaea iaeei
?iaeeoaeue i?eieiaao ?aoaiea, ii iaycaoaeueii aeieaeai iiiieoue i
iiceoeee aoi?iai. Aoi?ay caaea/a – naeaeaoue oae, /oiau ?aa?iie ia
aeaeae i?ioeai?a/ee a iiceoeeyo ?iaeeoaeae, o.a. ianoaeaeaoue yoe
aii?inu eo/oa aac iaai. Ainieoaiea ?aa?iea ninoieo ec iiiai/eneaiiuo
oi?i acaeiiaeaenoaey e ?iaeaeaaony a niaianoiie aeecie a naiuea.
?iaeeoaee, i?eieiay ?aoaiea, aeieaeiu ia ia?aia ianoi noaaeoue ia
nianoaaiiua acaeyaeu, a oi, /oi aoaeao aieaa iieaciui aeey ?aa?iea.
?aa?iie iiaeao i?eieiaoueny ?iaeeoaeyie oaeei, eaeie ii anoue
(aaconeiaiay ethaiaue). Aiciiaeii, ?iaeeoaee ethayo aai, eiaaea ?aa?iie
niioaaonoaoao eo iaeeaeaieyi. eiaaea oi?ioi o/eony e aaaeao naay. ii
anee ?aa?iie ia oaeiaeaoai?yao oai iio?aaiinoyi, oi ?aa?iie eae au
ioaa?aaaony, ioiioaiea iaiyaony a ooaeooth noi?iio. Yoi i?eiineo
cia/eoaeueiua o?oaeiinoe, ?aa?iie ia oaa?ai a ?iaeeoaeyo, ii ia
/oanoaoao oie yiioeeiiaeueiie aaciianiinoe, eioi?ay aeieaeia auoue n
naiiai ieaaeai/anoaa (iaoneiaeaiiay ethaiaue) . ?aa?iie iiaeao aiiaua ia
i?eieiaoueny ?iaeeoaeyie. Ii ei aac?acee/ai e iiaeao aeaaea ioaa?aaoueny
eie (iai?eia?, naiuey aeeiaieeeia).
Iiaeii ee iacaaoue oi?ioeie oao ?iaeeoaeae, eioi?ua ieeiaaea ia
niiiaaathony, anaaaea oaa?aiu a naiae i?aaioa? Iiaeii ee iacaaoue
oi?ioeie oao ?iaeeoaeae, eioi?ua i?aauaatho a iinoiyiiuo o?aaiaeiuo
niiiaieyo, oa?ythony i?e noieeiiaaiee n /ai-oi iiaui a iiaaaeaiee
?aa?iea? E iiauoaiiay ?iaeeoaeueneay oaa?aiiinoue, e eceeoiyy
o?aaiaeiinoue ia niaeaenoaotho oniaoiiio ?iaeeoaeuenoao.
Aoaeouea ?iaeeoaee caaeoiuaathony i oii, eae eo/oa noi?ioee?iaaoue aeey
naieo naay oeaee ?aaiou ii ainieoaieth naiaai ?aa?iea. Oeaeue e iioea
ainieoaiey ?aa?iea – yoi n/anoeeaay, iieiioeaiiay, oai?/aneay, iieaciay
ethaeyi aeeciue yoiai ?aa?iea. Ia niceaeaiea oaeie aeecie e aeieaeii
auoue iai?aaeaii naiaeiia ainieoaiea.
Naycue ainieoaiey n ae?oaeie aeaeaie aeayoaeueiinoe, iiae/eiaiea
ainieoaiey oai eee eiui iioeaai, a oae aea ianoi ainieoaiey a oeaeinoiie
ee/iinoe /aeiaaea – ana yoi e i?eaeaao ainieoaieth eaaeaeiai ?iaeeoaey
iniaue, iaiiaoi?eiue, eiaeeaeaeoaeueiue oa?aeoa?.
A iaaeaaiae/aneie aeayoaeueiinoe aaniethoiie ii?iu ia nouanoaoao. A
?iaeeoaeueneii o?oaea, eae ai anyeii ae?oaii, aiciiaeiu e ioeaee, e
niiiaiey, e a?aiaiiua iaoaea/e, ii?aaeaiey. Ainieoaiea a naiuea – yoi oa
aea aeeciue. Ioiioaiey n ?aa?ieii, oae aea eae e n eaaeaeui /aeiaaeii,
aeoaiei eiaeeaeaeoaeueiu e iaiiaoi?eiu.
Iai?eia?, anee ?iaeeoaee ai anai niaa?oaiiu, ciatho i?aaeeueiue ioaao ia
ethaie aii?in, oi a yoii neo/aa iie a?yae ee niiaoo inouanoaeoue naioth
aeaaioth ?iaeeoaeueneoth caaea/o – ainieoaoue a ?aa?iea iio?aaiinoue e
naiinoiyoaeueiiio iieneo, e iiciaieth iiaiai.
A eaaeaeie naiuea iauaeoeaii neeaaeuaaaony ii?aaeaeaiiay nenoaia
ainieoaiey. Iiae nenoaiie ainieoaiey iiieiathony oeaee ainieoaiey,
oi?ioee?iaea aai caaea/, aieaa eee iaiaa oeaeaiai?aaeaiiia i?eiaiaiea
iaoiaeia e i?eaiia ainieoaiey, o/ao oiai, /oi iiaeii e /aai iaeuecy
aeiionoeoue a ioiioaiee ?aa?iea. Iiaoo auoue auaeaeaiu 4 oaeoeee
ainieoaiey a naiuea e ioaa/athuea ei 4 oeia naiaeiuo acaeiiioiioaiee,
yaeythueany e i?aaeiinueeie e ?acoeueoaoii eo aicieeiiaaiey: aeeeoao,
iiaea, «iaaiaoaoaeuenoai» e nio?oaeie/anoai. Aeeeoao a naiuea
i?iyaeyaony a nenoaiaoe/aneii iiaeaaeaiee iaeieie /eaiaie naiaenoaa
eieoeeaoeau e /oanoaa nianoaaiiiai aeinoieinoaa o ae?oaeo aai /eaiia.
Iiaea a naiuea – yoi nenoaia ioiioaiee, i?e eioi?uo ?iaeeoaee,
iaania/eaay naiei o?oaeii oaeiaeaoai?aiea anao iio?aaiinoae ?aa?iea,
ia?aaeaeatho aai io eaeeo-eeai caaio, oneeee e o?oaeiinoae, i?eieiay eo
ia naay. Nenoaia iaaeee/iinoiuo ioiioaiee a naiuea, no?iyuayny ia
i?eciaiee aiciiaeiinoe e aeaaea oeaeaniia?aciinoe iacaaeneiiai
nouanoaiaaiey ac?ineuo io aeaoae, iiaeao ii?iaeaeaoueny oaeoeeie
«iaaiaoaoaeuenoaa». Nio?oaeie/anoai eae oei acaeiiioiioaiee a naiuea
i?aaeiieaaaao iiin?aaeiaaiiinoue iaaeee/iinoiuo ioiioaiee a naiuea
iaueie oeaeyie e caaea/aie niaianoiie aeayoaeueiinoe, aa i?aaiecaoeeae e
aunieeie i?aanoaaiiuie oeaiiinoyie. Eiaiii a yoie neooaoeee
i?aiaeieaaaaony yaienoe/aneee eiaeeaeaeoaeeci ?aa?iea. Naiuey, aaea
aaaeouei oeiii acaeiiioiioaiee yaeyaony nio?oaeie/anoai, ia?aoaao iniaia
ea/anoai, noaiiaeony a?oiiie aunieiai o?iaiy ?acaeoey – eieeaeoeaii.
?iaeeoaee ninoaaeytho ia?aoth iauanoaaiioth n?aaeo ?aa?iea. Ee/iinoe
?iaeeoaeae ea?atho nouanoaaiiaeooth ?ieue a aeecie eaaeaeiai /aeiaaea.
Niaoeeoeea /oanoa, aicieeathueo iaaeaeo aeaoueie e ?iaeeoaeyie,
ii?aaeaeyaony aeaaiui ia?acii oai, /oi caaioa ?iaeeoaeae iaiaoiaeeia
aeey iiaeaea?aeaiey naiie aeecie ?aa?iea. Ethaiaue eaaeaeiai ?aa?iea e
naiei ?iaeeoaeyi aani?aaeaeueia, aaconeiaia, aaca?aie/ia. I?e/ai anee a
ia?aua aiaeu aeecie ethaiaue e ?iaeeoaeyi iaania/eaaao nianoaaiioth
aeeciue e aaciianiinoue, oi ii ia?a ac?ineaiey ?iaeeoaeueneay ethaiaue
ana aieueoa auiieiyao ooieoeeth iiaeaea?aeaiey e aaciianiinoe
aioo?aiiaai, yiioeeiiaeueiiai e ineoieiae/aneiai ie?a /aeiaaea.
?iaeeoaeueneay ethaiaue – enoi/iee e aa?aioey aeaaiiieo/ey /aeiaaea,
iiaeaea?aeaiey oaeaniiai e aeooaaiiai caei?iauey.
Eiaiii iiyoiio ia?aie e iniiaiie caaea/ae ?iaeeoaeae yaeyaony nicaeaiea
o ?aa?iea oaa?aiiinoe a oii, /oi aai ethayo e i iai caaioyony. Naiay
anoanoaaiiay e naiay iaiaoiaeeiay ec anao iaycaiiinoae ?iaeeoaeae – yoi
ioiineoueny e ?aa?ieo a ethaii aic?anoa ethaiaii e aieiaoaeueii. E oai
ia iaiaa iiae/a?eeaaiea iaiaoiaeeiinoe nicaeaiey o ?aa?iea oaa?aiiinoe a
?iaeeoaeueneie ethaae aeeeooaony ?yaeii ianoiyoaeuenoa. Ineoieiaaie
aeieacaii, /oi ca o?aaaaeeae iiae?inoeiaiai aeeiaieecia e iiae?inoeiaie
ia?eiiaiee /anoi noiyo ia ethayuea naieo aeaoae ?iaeeoaee. Aeaaiia
o?aaiaaiea e naiaeiiio ainieoaieth – yoi o?aaiaaiea ethaae. Oieueei i?e
oaa?aiiinoe ?aa?iea a ?iaeeoaeueneie ethaae e aiciiaeii i?aaeeueiia
oi?ie?iaaiea ineoe/aneiai ie?a /aeiaaea, oieueei ia iniiaa ethaae iiaeii
ainieoaoue i?aanoaaiiia iiaaaeaiea, oieueei ethaiaue niiniaia iao/eoue
ethaae.
Iiiaea ?iaeeoaee n/eoatho, /oi ie a eiai neo/aa iaeuecy iieacuaaoue
aeaoyi ethaiaue e iei, iieaaay /oi, eiaaea ?aa?iie oi?ioi ciaao, /oi aai
ethayo, yoi i?eaiaeeo e ecaaeiaaiiinoe, yaiecio, naayethaeth. Iaiai?io
–yoe iaaeaaii?eyoiua ee/iinoiua /a?ou eae ?ac aicieeatho i?e iaaeinoaoea
ethaae, eiaaea nicaeaaony iaeee yiioeeiiaeueiue aeaoeoeeo, eiaaea
?aa?iie eeoai i?i/iiai ooiaeaiaioa iaeciaiiie ?iaeeoaeueneie
i?eaycaiiinoe.
Aeoaieee iinoiyiiue ineoieiae/aneee eiioaeo n ?aa?ieii – yoi
oieaa?naeueiia o?aaiaaiea e ainieoaieth, eioi?ia a iaeeiaeiaie noaiaie
iiaeao auoue ?aeiiaiaeiaaii anai ?iaeeoaeyi, eiioaeo iaiaoiaeei a
ainieoaiee eaaeaeiai ?aa?iea a ethaii aic?anoa. Eiaiii iuouaiea e
ia?aaeeaaiea eiioaeoa n ?iaeeoaeyie aeatho aeaoyi aiciiaeiinoue
ii/oanoaiaaoue e iniciaoue ?iaeeoaeueneoth ethaiaue, i?eaycaiiinoue e
caaioo. Iniiaa aeey nio?aiaiey eiioaeoa – ene?aiiyy caeioa?aniaaiiinoue
ai anai, /oi i?ienoiaeeo a aeecie ?aa?iea.
Eiaaea aiai?eony i acaeiiiiieiaiee, yiioeeiiaeueiii eiioaeoa iaaeaeo
aeaoueie e ?iaeeoaeyie, eiaaony a aeaeo iaeee aeeaeia, acaeiiaeaenoaea
?aa?iea e ac?ineiai ae?oa n ae?oaii. Eae no?ieoue iaaeaaiae/aneee
aeeaeia? Aeaaiia a onoaiiaeaiee aeeaeiaa – yoi niaianoiia ono?aieaiea e
iauei oeaeyi, niaianoiia aeaeaiea neooaoeee, iauiinoue a iai?aaeaiee
niaianoiuo aeaenoaee. Ia?ainoaiaiiia cia/aiea eiaao nai oaeo niaianoiie
iai?aaeaiiinoe e ?ac?aoaieth i?iaeai. ?aa?iie anaaaea aeieaeai
iiieiaoue, eaeeie oeaeyie ?oeiaiaenoaoaony ?iaeeoaeue a iauaiee n iei.
?aa?iie, aeaaea a naiii iaeii aic?anoa, aeieaeai noaiiaeoueny ia
iauaeoii ainieoaoaeueiuo aicaeaenoaee, a nithcieeii a iauae naiaeiie
aeecie, a ecaanoiii niunea aa nicaeaoaeai e oai?oeii. Eiaaea ?aa?iie
o/anoaoao a iauae aeecie naiuee, ?acaeaeyy ana aa oeaee e ieaiu,
ianooiaao iiaeeeiiue aeeaeia. Au? aaaeii niaethnoe ?aaainoai iiceoeee –
oi anoue i?eciaiea aeoeaiie ?iee ?aa?iea a i?ioeanna aai ainieoaiey.
*aeiaae – anaaaea aeoeaiue noauaeo naiiainieoaiey. ?aaainoai iiceoeee a
aeeaeiaa ninoieo a iaiaoiaeeiinoe aeey ?iaeeoaeae iinoiyiii o/eoueny
aeaeaoue ie? a naiuo ?aciuo aai oi?iao aeacaie naieo aeaoae.
Iiieii aeeaeiaa aeey aiooaiey ?aa?ieo iuouaiey ?iaeeoaeueneie ethaae
iaiaoiaeeii auiieiyoue aua iaeii /?acau/aeii aaaeiia i?aaeei. Ia
ineoieiae/aneii ycuea yoa noi?iia iauaiey iaaeaeo aeaoueie e ?iaeeoaeyie
iacuaaaony i?eiyoeai ?aa?iea. Iiae i?eiyoeai iiieiaaony i?eciaiea i?aaa
?aa?iea ia i?enouoth aio eiaeeaeaeoaeueiinoue, iaiioiaeanoue ia ae?oaeo,
a oii /enea iaiioiaeanoue ia ?iaeeoaeae. I?eieiaoue ?aa?iea – cia/eo
ooaa?aeaeaoue iaiiaoi?eiia nouanoaiaaiea eiaiii yoiai /aeiaaea, ni anaie
naienoaaiiuie aio ea/anoaaie. ?iaeeoaee aeieaeiu iniciaaaoue, /oi
eaaeaeay iaaaoeaiay ioeaiea ee/iinoe ?aa?iea e i?enoueo aio ea/anoa
oa?aeoa?a oeia: «Aio aanoieeiaue! Neieueei ?ac iauyniyoue, aanoiei/ue!»,
«Aea ca/ai aea y oaay oieueei ia naao ?iaeeea, oi?yiaoe, iaaiaeiee!»,
eaeei au ni?aaaaeeeaui ii nooe iia ie auea, eaeie au neooaoeeae ie
aucuaaeinue, iaiineo na?ueaciue a?aae eiioaeoo n ?aa?ieii, ia?ooaao
oaa?aiiinoue a ?iaeeoaeueneie ethaae. Iaiaoiaeeii au?aaioaoue aeey naay
i?aaeei ia ioeaieaaoue iaaaoeaii naiiai ?aa?iea, a iiaeaa?aaoue e?eoeea
oieueei iaaa?ii inouanoaeaiiia aeaenoaea eee ioeai/iue, iaiaaeoiaiiue
iinooiie.
Aeenoaioeey, eioi?ay noaea i?aiaeaaeathuae ai acaeiiioiioaieyo n
?aa?ieii a naiuea, iaiin?aaenoaaiii caaeneo io oiai, eaeia ianoi
caieiaao aeayoaeueiinoue ainieoaiey ai anae neiaeiie, iaiaeiicia/iie,
iiae/an aioo?aiia i?ioeai?a/eaie nenoaia ?acee/iuo iioeaia iiaaaeaiey
ac?ineiai /aeiaaea. Iiyoiio noieo iniciaoue, eaeia ianoi a
?iaeeoaeueneie nianoaaiiie iioeaaoeeiiiie nenoaia caeiao aeayoaeueiinoue
ii ainieoaieth aoaeouaai ?aa?iea.
Iaea??iiua aeaoe – eaeea iie?
?aaiou ecaanoiiai ineoieiaa I.N. Eaeoana ii eco/aieth ineoeee iaea?aiiuo
aeaoae caieiatho aeaeiia ianoi a ?onneie iaaeaaiaeea. Iiiaea
ineoiei-iaaeaaiae/aneea i?eioeeiu ?acaeoey oai?/anoaa o aeaoae ieaaeoaai
oeieueiiai aic?anoa auaeaeioee I.I. Iiaeaeueyeia, Ae.I. Ociaaeca,
A.A. Caii?iaeaoe, TH.C. Aeeueaoo.
?aiiee, “ec ?yaea aii auoiaeyuee” iiaeuai oinoaaiiuo niiniaiinoae iiaeao
auoue i?aaeoanoaaiieeii iiaeeeiiiai oaeaioa. Iiiaea auaeathueany ethaee
oaea a aeaonoaa aeenoaee iacao?yaeiuie niiniaiinoyie. Ii, n ae?oaie
noi?iiu, auaeathueany oinoaaiiua i?iyaeaiey ?aa?iea iiaoo ieacaoueny
eeoue /ai-oi a?aiaiiui. A oiaea aic?anoiiai ?acaeoey – aianoa n
oe?aieaieai e iaiaauaieai naienoa eioaeeaeoa, iiaeuaiii eo ia iiaue
o?iaaiue – i?ienoiaeeo e ia?aie/aiea, a oi e oo?aoa iaeioi?uo aeaoneeo
aiciiaeiinoae.
Ieaaeoee oeieueiue aic?ano – ia?eiae aieouaaiey, iaeiieaiey ciaiee,
ia?eiae onaiaiey ii i?aeiouanoao. Oniaoiiio auiieiaieth yoie aaaeiie
aeeciaiiie ooieoeee aeaaii?eyonoaotho oa?aeoa?iua niiniaiinoe aeaoae
yoiai aic?anoa: aeiaa?/eaia iiae/eiaiea aaoi?eoaoo, iiauoaiiay
aini?eei/eainoue, aia/aoeeoaeueiinoue, iaeaii-ea?iaia ioiioaiea ei
iiiaiio ec oiai, n /ai iie noaeeeaathony. O ieaaeoeo oeieueieeia
eaaeaeay ec ioia/aiiuo niiniaiinoae aunooiaao, aeaaiui ia?acii, naiae
iieiaeeoaeueiie noi?iiie, e yoi iaiiaoi?eiia naiaia?acea aeaiiiai
aic?anoa.
Iaeioi?ua ec iniaaiiinoae ieaaeoeo oeieueieeia a iineaaeothuea aiaeu
noiaeyo ia iao, ae?oaea ai iiiaii eciaiytho naia cia/aiea. Neaaeoao
o/eouaaoue i?e yoii ?acioth noaiaiue au?aaeaiiinoe o ioaeaeueiuo aeaoae
oie eee eiie aic?anoiie /a?ou. Ii ianiiiaiii, /oi ?anniio?aiiua
iniaaiiinoe nouanoaaiii neacuaathony ia iiciaaaoaeueiuo aiciiaeiinoyo
aeaoae e iaoneaaeeaatho aeaeueiaeoee oiae iauaai ?acaeoey. Aunieay
aini?eei/eainoue e ie?oaeathuei aicaeaenoaeyi, ?aniieiaeaiiinoue e
onaiaieth i/aiue aaaeiay noi?iia eioaeeaeoa, oa?aeoa?ecothuay oinoaaiiua
aeinoieinoaa e a aoaeouai.
Eaaeaeie nooiaie aeaonoaa i?enoua naiy e aeey iineaaeothueo aic?anoia ia
oa?aeoa?iay aioiaiinoue, ?aniieiaeaiiinoue e oinoaaiiiio ?inoo. N oi/ee
c?aiey i?aaeiinueie ?acaeoey aeaoe eae au iaea?aiiaa ac?ineuo; ii i/aiue
aaaeii ia oionoeoue yoe, ia a?aiy aicieeathuea aioo?aiiea oneiaey
?acaeoey.
Neaaeoao o/eouaaoue e oaeia ianoiyoaeuenoai: iiaoo eciaieoueny eioa?anu
e ono?aieaiey. E oiio aea auno?ue oaii aic?anoiiai oinoaaiiiai ?acaeoey
/anoi cao?aaeaaao ?aciua noi?iiu eioaeeaeoa iaiaeeiaeiai: aic?anoaiea
c?aeinoe a /ai-oi iaeiii iiaeao ni/aoaoueny n caaea?aeeaie ii ae?oaei
iai?aaeaieyi. Oaeay ia?aaiiia?iinoue oinoaaiiiai iiaeuaia oaeaea iiaeao
noaoue enoi/ieeii o?oaeiinoae a aeaeueiaeoai ?acaeoee ?aa?iea. Oaeei
ia?acii, eiathony aiciiaeiua i?e/eiu, ii eioi?ui ?aa?iie n
iiiaiiaauathuei oinoaaiiui noa?oii iiaeao ia ii?aaaeaoue iaeeaeaiee. Ii
niaa?oaiii iaaa?iui aoaeao auaiae, /oi ?aiiea i?iyaeaiey iaea?aiiinoe
aiiaua ia iaaei i?eieiaoue ana?ueac: aic?anoiay iaea?aiiinoue aeaeaei ia
anaaaea i?ioiaeeo aanneaaeii – iia ii?aaeaeaiiui ia?acii neacuaaaony ia
oi?ie?othueony niiniaiinoyo.
O iaiaeiai /enea aeaoae n ?aiiei iiaeuaiii eioaeeaeoa oa oinoaaiiua
aeinoieinoaa, eioi?ua iaia?oaeeaathony a ia?eiae onei?aiiiai ?acaeoey, a
oie eee eiie oi?ia nio?aiythony a aeaeueiaeoai, i?eoiiiaeathony –
iaiau/iinoue yoeo aeaoae ieacuaaaony aeaenoaeoaeueiui i?aaeaanoieeii eo
iniauo aiciiaeiinoae. Caeanue /a?ou aeaoneie iaea?aiiinoe eae au
auaea?aeeaatho eniuoaiea a?aiaiai.
Iniaaiiinoe ainieoaiey iaea??iiuo aeaoae a naiuea.
Iiiaea aeoiatho, /oi ?aa?iie, iia?aaeathuee naa?noieeia ii o?iaith
eioaeeaeoa, ia aoaeao ano?a/aoue o?oaeiinoae a o/aaiuo caiyoeyo – aio
oaioiaaii aieaa n/anoeeaia aeaonoai. A aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe aea aeaoae n
?aiiei oinoaaiiui ?anoeaaoii iiaoo iaeeaeaoue iaiaeua neiaeiinoe e
aeiia, e a oeiea naie ae?aiu a oiaea aic?anoiiai ?acaeoey.
I?aaeaea anaai aaaeii, eae iiaaaeoo naay ?iaeeoaee e ae?oaea noa?oea
/eaiu naiuee, eiaaea iaia?oaeeony iaiau/iinoue ?aa?iea. *anoi ia?yaeo n
?aaeinoueth e ai?aeinoueth oaeie ?aa?iie aucuaaao e icaai/aiiinoue,
aeaaea o?aaiao, iineieueeo i?eno?anoea e oinoaaiiie ?aaioa i?iecaiaeeo o
?iaeeoaeae aia/aoeaiea /?acia?iinoe. Eiiaaea ?iaeeoaee, n eioi?uie
ie/aai iiaeiaiiai ia i?ienoiaeeei, iianeeai i?eniao?eaathony e oaeie
oaea/aiiinoe, e caiyoeyi ia ii aic?anoo. I?e yoii aeaeaei ia anaaaea
ac?ineui oaeaaony oioy au ia ia?ooeoue ia aieiao ?aa?iea ana naie
niiiaiey e no?aoe. A ae?oaeo naiueyo /?acau/aeiuie aeaoneeie
niiniaiinoyie e oniaoaie ?aa?iea ainoeuathony, ioioii aai
aeaiiino?e?otho ciaeiiui e iaciaeiiui. Oae iiaeia?aaaaony aeaoneia
ouaneaaea; ii ia iniiaa naiiiiaiey e ouaneaaey iaeaaei iaeoe iauee ycue
ni naa?noieeaie. A aeaeueiaeoai yoi iiaeao iaa?iooueny iaiaeuie
iai?/aieyie aeey ?anoouaai /aeiaaea.
Aeaoe n ?aiiei oinoaaiiui iiaeuaiii ia?aaeei iniaaiii /oanoaeoaeueiu e
iaeeaeaieyi ie?oaeathueo, eo iaeia?aieyi e ii?eoeaieyi. A naiuea iiaoo
aaanoe cai?ao ia ?acaiai?u i oaeaioeeainoe ?aa?iea, ii ia anaaaea ii
aeinoaoi/ai, eoi-ieaoaeue ec /eaiia naiuee eiiaaea caaoaeaony, au?aceo
naie ainoi?a. A ?aa?iie, anoanoaaiii, ia i?iionoeo, oeiaeo ainoeuaiea
naiei oiii, naieie oniaoaie. Anee aea noa?oea, iai?ioea, ieneieueei ia
oeaiyo i?iyaeaiey iaiau/iuo niiniaiinoae, niio?yo ia ieo eae ia
no?aiiinoue, eioi?ay ni a?aiaiai i?ieaeao, oi e oaeia ioiioaiea oiaea
aoaeao “i?eiyoi e naaaeaieth”, iii ia ieioao aeaoneiai niciaiey.
A naiuea aeaoyi n i?eciaeaie iaea?aiiinoe o?oaeiaa, /ai iau/iui.
O?oaeiaa iacaaeneii io oiai, ainoeuathony ee eie aac ia?u eee n/eoatho
no?aiiuie. Ac?ineua iiaoo ioeaaoueny a naieo ioeaieao, eiaaea ano?a/atho
o ?aa?iea oi, /aai iie ia iaeeaeaee.
Oaeei ia?acii, a aii?ina i ainieoaiee iaea?aiiuo aeaoae aieueoay
ioaaonoaaiiinoue eaaeeo ia niaoeeaeenoao: ainieoaoaeyo aeaoneeo naaeia,
o/eoaeae, aeaoneeo ineoieiaao. Iie aeieaeiu aia?aiy iiaeneacaoue,
iai?aaeoue ?iaeeoaeueneia ainieoaiea.
Ii ?aa?iie n ?aiiei ?anoeaaoii eioaeeaeoa ano?a/aao o?oaeiinoe,
iaiiieiaiea aeaeaei ia oieueei aeiia, a e?oao naiuee, ii e a oeiea, aaea
anao o/ao iaeeiaeiai, e o/aiea ia/eiaaony, ca/anooth, n oiai, /oi aio
oaea ia eioa?anii. Iaeaieaa ethaiciaoaeueiui /anoi noaiiaeony neo/ii a
eeanna iinea ia?auo aea o?ieia. Oaea oiathuei /eoaoue e n/eoaoue
i?eoiaeeony i?aauaaoue a aacaeaeuea, iiea ae?oaea inaaeaatho acaoeo e
iniiau a?eoiaoeee. Eiia/ii, i/aiue iiiaia caaeneo io oiai, eae aaaeaony
i?aiiaeaaaiea. Iiiai iiaiai e aeey naiuo neeueiuo o/aieeia ian?o a naaa
?acaeaathuaa iao/aiea. Ii aaaea iaoae oeieueiie nenoaiu a oii, /oi:
a) aeaaea naiue eo/oee o/eoaeue, eiay aeaei n oeaeui eeannii, eeoai
aiciiaeiinoe i?eaioe?iaaoueny ia oao, eoi eaeao aia?aaee;
a) aieueoeinoao o/eoaeae i?inoi iaeiaaea caieiaoueny iaea?aiiuie
aeaoueie; a iaeioi?ui ec ieo eae au iaoatho o/aieee n ii?aaeathueie
iiciaieyie, n ia anaaaea iiiyoiie oinoaaiiie aeoeaiinoueth.
Auaaao, /oi iaaeaaia iiia/aeo niae?aaony aeaaaoue yaii auaeathuaiony
o/aieeo aieaa o?oaeiua caaeaiey, oaeaeyoue aio niaoeeaeueiia aieiaiea,
ii iioii oaeea iaia?aiey caauaathony a nayce n ionoonoaeai o o/eoaey
a?aiaie e nee. Ia?aaeei iaaeaaia aeaeeo eeoue aini?eei/eaiai e o/aieth,
ia caia/ay, /oi oaeie ?aa?iie ioaeaeaaony a iniaii iiaeoiaea.
O?oaeiinoe iiaoo ia/aoueny n oiai, /oi ?aa?iie, iia?aaeathuee
naa?noieeia, neeiiai iinoiyiii i?eaeaeaoue e naaa aieiaiea, e i?e yoii
ana a?aiy aeaaeaeao iiaie oinoaaiiie ieue. *a?ac eaeia-oi a?aiy
iaaeiaaeaao o/eoaeth, e ae?oaei o/aieeai, e aio naiiio. Oaeie o/aiee
iinoaiaiii noaiiaeony anai a eeanna a oyainoue. *anoi a ia/aeueiuo
eeannao iaeaieaa ?acaeoiai o/aieea ii/oe ia?anoatho ni?aoeaaoue:
o/eoaeue aaaeue oaa?ai, /oi ii e oae ciaao. Anee ii ana aea ianoie/eai
iuoaaony /oi-ieaoaeue neacaoue eee ni?ineoue, oi iiaeao ia?aaoueny e ia
oi?ae, /oi ii “aunei/ea”. Aeaey, /oi aai aeoeaiinoue o/eoaeth ia ioaeia,
ii ia?aeeth/aaony ia /oi-ieaoaeue iinoi?iiiaa – /oi aea/?o ca niaie
iaaeiaieuenoai iaaeaaiaa: ii/aio o/aiee ioaeaeaaony e ia eioa?anoaony
caiyoeyie?
Oaeei ia?acii, ?aa?iie iinoaiaiii noaiiaeony eeoiei a oeiea, a iia aio –
iaioaeiie. Ii i?aaeii/eoaao aieaoue, eeoue au ia iinauaoue o?iee. A
?acoeueoaoa oaea a ia?aua aea oeieueiua aiaeu e oai aieaa a
iiae?inoeiaua iiiaea auaeathueany aeaoe ieacuaathony a eiioeeeoa n
o/eoaeyie. I?e/eia oaeiai eiioeeeoa a oii, /oi iaeaieaa niiniaiua
o/aieee ioaeaeathony a iaa?ocea, eioi?ay auea au iiae noaoue eo
oinoaaiiui neeai; a n?aaeiyy oeiea ie/aai ei i?aaeeiaeeoue ia iiaeao,
e?iia oaeie aea n?aaeiae i?ia?aiiu. An?-oaee, iaiaeay aeiey aeaoae n
?aiiei iiaeuaiii niiniaiinoae eae-oi i?eniinaaeeaaaony e iauei
o?aaiaaieyi. Iie auioaeaeaiu noaiiaeoueny iaiaa naiinoiyoaeueiuie,
oi?iiceoue naith ethaiciaoaeueiinoue e oai?/aneea ii?uau.
Auaatho e ae?oaea aa?eaiou oeieueiuo o?oaeiinoae o ?aa?iea n ?aiiei
oinoaaiiui ?anoeaaoii. ?iaeeoaee e iaaeaaiae iaeeaeatho io iaai, /oiau
ii iaycaoaeueii aue ioee/ieeii. A aaaeue ioiaoee a oeieao noa?ie nenoaiu
noaayo iaiauaeoeaii – ia ca ciaiey, a e ca iiaaaeaiea, ca ii/a?e.
O ?aa?iea n ?aiiei oinoaaiiui ?anoeaaoii ia?aaeee o?oaeiinoe e ai
acaeiiioiioaiey ni naa?noieeaie. *anoi iaeiieeannieee, iniaaiii e ia/aeo
iiae?inoeiaiai aic?anoa, ia/eiatho aeoeaii iooi?aaoue io naay oaeiai
o/aieea, aeatho aio iaeaeiua i?icaeua, noa?athony iinoaaeoue aai a
iaeiaeia iieiaeaiea. A oio, /oiau ia ieacaoueny ioaa?aeaiiui, no?aieony
auoue “eae ana”: ecaaaaao iaia?oaeeaaoue naay naiui ciathuei eee, oai
aieaa, naiui noa?aoaeueiui. Iaiaei aeiiieieoaeueiuo ia?aaeeaaiee
auiaaeaao ia aeieth oaeiai ?aa?iea, anee aio ii/aio-eeai ia aeathony
oeceoeueoo?a, caiyoey ii o?oaeo. E ae?oaea o/aieee caeanue iiaoo auoue
ia eo/oa, ii iie ia i?eaeaeatho e naaa oaeiai i?enoaeueiiai aieiaiey.
O?aiey n oiaa?euaie auaatho aucaaiu iai?aaeaiiinoueth aeaoneeo ea?:
thiua eioaeeaeooaeu oyioony e ?acee/iui neiaaniui ea?ai, e oaoiaoai a oa
aiaeu, eiaaea eo naa?noieee – ii i?aeiouanoao e iiaeaeaeiui e aieaa
aanaeui ea?ai.
*anoi aunooiaao iaeia ec iieacaoaeueiuo /a?o oa?aeoa?a ?aa?iea n ?aiiei
iiaeuaiii eioaeeaeoa – oii?iia iaaeaeaiea aeaeaoue oi, /oi aio
iaeioa?anii. Oaeea aeaoe iau/ii no?aiyony caieiaoueny naie. Ineiaeiyoue
eo ioiioaiey n ?iaeeoaeyie iiaeao e iiauoaiiay o?aaiaaoaeueiinoue e
noa?oei, io eioi?uo iie aeiaeaathony, iai?eia?, iainiiaaiey
eaeeo-ieaoaeue auneacaiiuo oaie ooaa?aeaeaiee. Iaeioi?ua ec oaeeo
aeaoae, n iniai y?eei aiia?aaeaieai, ieacuaathony auaeoiueeaie,
oaioaca?aie, aioiauie anao oaaaeaeaoue a oii, /aai ia auei, ii /oi
aicieeei a eo ia/oao. Neeueiua e neaaua noi?iiu oaeiai ?aa?iea
acaeiinaycaiu, ia?aoiaeyo ae?oa a ae?oaa. Oae, eaaeinoue, n eioi?ie
aeaaony o/aiea, i?eau/ea o/eoueny “oaaoay ia eaoo”, iiaeao i?eaiaeeoue e
iaaeaeaieth, iaoiaieth oii?ii caieiaoueny; eee, iai?eia?, au?aaeaiiinoue
o ?aa?iea oinoaaiiie naiinoiyoaeueiinoe, onoaiiaee ia iiciaaaiea iiaoo
iai?a/eaaoueny naiaaieeai, i?ioeaiiinoaaeaieai naay ie?oaeathuei.
Aia caaeneiinoe io nenoaiu iao/aiey, ia?iiia ?ieue a ?acaeoee aeaoae
naiiai o/eoaey, iniaaiii a ieaaeoeo eeannao. A yoio ia?eiae aeey ?aa?iea
aua ia oae aaaeai nioeeaeueiue noaoon n?aaee oiaa?euae, eae ?aaeoeey ia
aai aeayoaeueiinoue ac?ineuo: ?iaeeoaeae e ia aoi?ii, ia iaiaa aaaeiii
ianoa, o/eoaey. Oae aea aaaeai noeeue i?aiiaeaaaiey. N/eoaaony, /oi
nouanoaoao aeaa oeia o/eoaeae: “?acaeaathuea” e “ iao/athuea”.
“?acaeaathuee” o/eoaeue aeoeaio a naiae ?aaioa i?aaeaea anaai aeaeaao ia
?acaeoea i?ioeannia ineoeee (iuoeaiea, iaiyoue, aieiaiea, aiia?aaeaiea e
o. ae.), ia oai?/aneoth ?aaioo. “Iao/athuea” o/eoaey aieueoaa aieiaiea
oaeaeytho iieacaoaeueiie noi?iia iao/aiey, aunieea ?acoeueoaou o/aaiie
aeayoaeueiinoe (oaoieea /oaiey, eiio?ieueiua n?acu).
Aeaoe n ia?aii-ineoe/aneeie ioeeiiaieyie. Iniaaiiinoe ainieoaiey ia?aiuo
aeaoae a naiuea.
N eaaeaeui aiaeii aic?anoaao eiee/anoai aeaoae, eioi?ui iinoaaeai
aeeaaiic eaeiai-eeai ia?aiiai caaieaaaiey. Ii aeaiiui enneaaeiaaiee
A.E. Caoa?iaa, e ieii/aieth ieaaeoae oeieu caei?iauo aeaoae iaiueoa
iieiaeiu. I?e/eiu oaeiai yaeaiey e?ithony ia oieueei a neiaeiie
nioeeaeueiie ianoaiiaea. Aieueoeinoai ?iaeeoaeae i?inoi ia ia?auatho ia
ia?aua i?eciaee iaa?icia eee ia?aiuo ?anno?ienoa o naieo aeaoae, aoi?ay
/anoue ioiineony aeinoaoi/ii iiaa?oiinoii, e eeoue iacia/eoaeueiay
/anoue i?aaei?eieiaao ?aaeueiua aeaenoaey aeey eni?aaeaiey iieiaeaiey.
Ii iiaieth oeieueiuo iaaeaaiaia e ineoieiaia, e n?aaeiei eeannai
aeeaaiic ia?aiiai ?anno?ienoaa iiaeii iinoaaeoue aieueoeinoao aeaoae, a
oaeoe/anee caei?iauie iiaeii iacaaoue eeoue aaeeieoeu. Anee o/anoue, /oi
iaa?ic iiyaeyaony ia a oeieueiii aic?anoa, a ai?acaei ?aiueoa, e e
oeieueiiio aic?anoo /anoue aeaoae i?eoiaeyo n onoie/eauie ia?aiuie
ia?ooaieyie, oi iiaeii naeaeaoue ia/aeueiua auaiaeu.
Nia?aiaiiay aeeciue noaea neiaeiie, eeoaiiie noaaeeueiinoe e iieia
no?annia. A aeaiiuo oneiaeyo aeeoue e ?anoeoue iiaia iieieaiea aoaeao
eaa/a oieueei caei?iaiio /aeiaaeo e oece/anee, e ii?aeueii, ii a ia?aoth
i/a?aaeue ineoe/anee. Nia?aiaiiay naiuey “i?aaenoaaeyao niaie ia
canouaooth nioeeaeueioth i?aaiecaoeeth, a aeeiaie/aneoth iee?inenoaio,
iinoiyiii iaoiaeyuothny a aeeaeaeoe/aneii ?acaeoee. Iauaecaanoiu
ii?aaeaeaiiua eciaiaiey, i?ienoaaeoea a no?oeoo?a naiuee: oiaiueoaiea
?acia?ia naiuee e eiee/anoaa aeaoae, oiaiueoaiea ?iee noa?oaai a?aoa e
nano?u, en/aciiaaiea ?aceie aeeooa?aioeeaoeee iaaeaeo /eaiaie naiuee a
oeaeii” [11]. Nia?aiaiiua nioeeaeueiua ineoieiae ioia/atho eciaiaiey
i?ienoaaeoea a iuiaoiae naiuea. Iiiaeanoai naiae ?aniaaeaaony, ia
ia?aeaey 5-eaoiee ?oaaae nouanoaiaaiey. Ii oae eae a aieueoeinoaa naiae
oaea anoue aeaoe, oi i?aaeaea anaai iie ?aniea/eaathony ca ioeaee
ac?ineuo. *oi, a naith i/a?aaeue, niinianoaoao aicieeiiaaieth iaa?icia e
ae?oaeo ia?aiuo caaieaaaiee aeaoae.
I?e/eiu iiauoaiiie ia?aiinoe aeaoae e?ithony a ianiiniaiinoe ?iaeeoaeae
auiieiyoue iaycaiiinoe ec-ca eioaioeeecia ethaeae, nicaeathueo naiueth.
Nia?aiaiiua ?iaeeoaee ii eia?oeee i?iaeieaeatho aeeoue naieie
i?iaeaiaie, ia caaeoiuaaynue i noaeueaa naieo aeaoae. Nia?aiaiiua
?iaeeoaee, ii ii?aaeaeaieth Aeae.Ie?na, “?anniaaeeiaiiua” , iie
nouanoaotho ?yaeii, ii ia aianoa. Nia?aiaiiua ?iaeeoaee noa?athony eae
iiaeii ?aiueoa ia?aeiaeeoue ainieoaiea nianoaaiiiai ?aa?iea ia aeaoneea
o/?aaeaeaiey, caieiaynue oai a?aiaiai nianoaaiiie ea?uea?ie e
nianoaaiiie aeeciueth.
Nouanoaotho ianeieueei aeaeia iaa?icia:
Iaa?ic no?aoa. (“…Ana yoe no?aoe iioeae?iaaiu, ii nouanoao, iaeiei:
aiyciueth, /oi iiaeao /oi-oi neo/eoueny. A naiai iaeneiaeueiii
au?aaeaiee yoi “/oi-oi” icia/aao nia?oue: io iiaea?a, aieacie e o.ae.”)
Iaa?anoaiey. (“Aieaciaiiia ia?aiai?yaeaiea ineoioeceieiae/aneeo
aiciiaeiinoae ?aa?iea. Ii ia a neeao niioaaonoaiaaoue caauoaiiui
o?aaiaaieyi ie?oaeathueo e ca?aiaa n/eoaao naay ia niiniaiui ni?aaeoueny
n ethauie i?aaenoiyueie o?oaeiinoyie”.)
Enoa?e/aneee iaa?ic. I?e/eia oa aea, /oi e o iaaeaaiae/aneie
caiouaiiinoe: ?iaeeoaee aei ii?aaeaeaiiiai iiiaioa iioaeaee
aic?anoathuei o?aaiaaieyi /aaea, ii iioii aaaee ia?aie/aiey, iinooiea
iaiineaaeiaaoaeueii – aaaeue ?aa?iie ia iiieiaao niaio eiaeee
?iaeeoaeae. Ae?oaoth i?e/eio enoa?e/aneiai iaa?ica Caoa?ia iacuaaao
ia?aoioth noi?iio oaeie neooaoeee: ia iiauoaiiia aieiaiea e ?aa?ieo, a
iaiai?io, iieiia ionoonoaea oaeiaiai.
Iaa?ic iaayc/eauo ninoiyiee. Ninoiyiey, i?e eioi?uo ?aa?iie eniuouaaao
iio?aaiinoue niaa?oaoue eaeea-eeai aeaenoaey, oae eae, ii aai iiaieth,
yoi ianao a naaa caueoiua yeaiaiou. Ei?ie yoiai iaa?ica – ia?ooaiey
naiaeiuo ioiioaiee. Iiauoaiiay o?aaiaaoaeueiinoue ?iaeeoaeae,
o?aaiaaoaeueiinoue – ?aaee o?aaiaaiee, i?eioeeieaeueiinoue – aii?aee
cae?aaiio niuneo.
A.E.Caoa?ia aeaeeo i?e/eiu aeaoneeo iaa?icia a ianiaa?oainoaa naiaeiuo
ioiioaiee. Niciaoaeueiia ?iaeeoaeuenoai, oi anoue iieiia iniciaiea naae
ioaaonoaaiiinoe eae ?iaeeoaey e ainieoaoaey iiiaei iaiai e iaiai iiiiaei
?aoeoue i?iaeaiu naiae naiuee e ?anoeoue naieo aeaoae ioiineoaeueii
caei?iauie. Anee aeaoe /oanoaotho a ?iaeeoaeyo i?aaeaea anaai ethaiaue,
iaoiaeyo iii?o e iiieiaiea, oi aieaa aacaieaciaiii i?ioiaeyo e?eceniua
iiiaiou naiae aeecie. Ieeoi ia o?aaoao niaa?oainoaa io ?iaeeoaeae, ana
eiatho i?aai ia ioeaee, ii iiiaeo ec ieo iiaeii auei au ecaaaeaoue, aeey
ia/aea ?aoea nianoaaiiua i?iaeaiu e i?iaeaiu acaeiiioiioaiee a naiuea.
Iiiaea ?iaeeoaee aini?eieiatho nianoaaiiiai ?aa?iea, eae aua iaeei oain
aeey aiieiuaiey nianoaaiiuo aiaeoeee e ia?aaeeciaaiiuo aiciiaeiinoae.
Eae e /ai ?aniea/eaathony aeaoe oaeeo ?iaeeoaeae, y ?anneaaeo a
oai?/aneie /anoe ?aoa?aoa – a eiaiii a aeaaa i?i ?iaeeoaeueneea
aee?aeoeau.
Ia?a/eneyoue i?e/eiu aeaoneie ia?aiinoe e iaa?icia iiaeii aeieai.
Aeaaiui yaeyaony iniciaiea, /oi i?e/eiu ia?aiuo caaieaaaiee aeaoae (oee,
yio?ac, caeeaiea, no?aoe e o.ae.)– a iniiaiii a ioeaeao ainieoaiey.
Iniiau i?aaiecaoeee nio?oaeie/anoaa oeieu e naiuee. Iauaiea o/eoaey n
?iaeeoaeyie
Iaeia ec cia/eiuo i?ioanneiiaeueiuo iaycaiiinoae o/eoaey – yoi
i?aaiecaoeey oaeiai nio?oaeie/anoaa n ?iaeeoaeyie o/aueony, /oiau iii
aeiiieiyei aai iaaeaaiae/aneea aeaenoaey, ninoaaeyy niaoeeoe/aneoth
noa?o ?iaeeoaeueneiai aeeyiey. A nenoaio ioiioaiee “o/eoaeue – ?iaeeoaee
o/aueony” o/eoaeue aiaeaeaaony iauaeoeaiie iaiaoiaeeiinoueth e naieie
oneiaeyie inouanoaeaiey iaaeaaiae/aneiai i?ioeanna. Yoa nenoaia
ioiioaiee niiniaia ooieoeeiie?iaaoue e aac iaiin?aaenoaaiiiai eiioaeoa
a? /anoieeia, iioiio /oi eo naycuaaao o/aiee eae iauaeo acaeiiiai
aeeyiey. Ioiioaiey “o/eoaeue – ?iaeeoaee o/aueony” yaeytho niaie
cia/eiue iaaeaaiae/aneee oaeoi?, eioi?ue ieacuaaao aieueoia aicaeaenoaea
ia i?aanoaaiioth aeeciue o/aueony.
Aaaeiia ianoiyoaeuenoai, eioi?ia aeieaeii i?eieiaoueny ai aieiaiea i?e
eco/aiee i?aanoaaiiuo ioiioaiee oeieu e naiuee: oeiea eee ?acaeaaao
i?aanoaaiiua ea/anoaa ?aa?iea, caeiaeaiiua a naiuea, eee auioaeaeaia aai
ia?aainieouaaoue. A iaieo neo/ayo iaaeaaia aeieaeai ciaoue naiaeioth
i?aanoaaiioth neooaoeeth, a ?iaeeoaee – ciaoue
i?aanoaaiii-iaaeaaiae/aneea o?aaiaaiey o/eoaey.
I?ioeai?a/ey iaaeaeo o/eoaeai e ?iaeeoaeyie o/aueony aicieeatho ii
?aciui i?e/eiai. A eo /enea ?aciau?iiinoue eioa?ania; aieueoia /enei
iaycaiiinoae, eioi?ua i?aaeuyaeythony noi?iiaie ae?oa e ae?oao; ?acee/ea
oeiia ioiioaiee e ?aa?ieo; ?acee/iue o?iaaiue iaaeaaiae/aneie
eaaeeoeeaoeee. Iinoa?athnue eiie?aoece?iaaoue yoe aniaeou ieaea.
Iaiiia?ii aieueoia eiee/anoai iaycaiiinoae, eioi?ua i?aaeuyaeythony
noi?iiaie a naiie iauae oi?ia aac o/?oa aiciiaeiinoae e ianoaiiaee, a
neeo eo iaauiieieiinoe ia i?aeoeea aaaeoo e iaiiieiaieth,
iaaeaaiaea?iinoe, aeinaaea. N ae?oaie noi?iiu, iiauoaiiue o?iaaiue
o?aaiaaiee naeaeaoaeuenoaoao ia iniaii noaoona o/eoaey, aunieii o?iaia
iaeeaeaiee io iaai.
?acee/ea oeiia ioiioaiee e ?aa?ieo auoaeaao ec ?acee/ey einoeoooia oeieu
e naiuee – iie i?aaenoaaeytho niaie ?aciua nioeeaeueii-ineoieiae/aneea
a?oiiu n iiiaiia?aciuie ooieoeeyie e ioiioaieyie. I?aaenoaaeoaee
?acee/iuo a?oii ia/eiatho acaeiiaeaenoaiaaoue iaaeaeo niaie, nio?aiyy a
ioiioaiee o/aieea onoaiiaeaoeany e i?eau/iua (aeey naiae a?oiiu) nayce e
noa?aioeiu. Yoe i?ioeai?a/ey oneeeaathony a oii neo/aa, eiaaea o/eoaeue
– oi?iaeeno e ?anniao?eaaao naith aeayoaeueiinoue eae neoaeao,
onoaiaaeeaay n o/aueieny eeoue aeaeiaua ioiioaiey. ?iaeeoaee e aeeceea
aea i?iyaeytho /aeiaa/aneee iiaeoiae e ?aa?ieo, aieiaiea e caaioa i i?i
– yoi i?aanoaaiiay iio?aaiinoue. ?iaeeoaee o/aueony ia iiaoo
niaeaoaoueny n nooei ioiioaieai o/eoaey e o/aieeo, o/eoaeth aea yoe
i?aoaicee e ia?aaeeaaiey ?iaeeoaeae iieaaeoony /?acia?iuie. Ec-ca ?aciie
i?e?iaeu iiaeoiaea e o/aueiny iiaeao aicieeiooue iaaeiaieuenoai noi?ii,
anee o/eoaeue ia noiaao iiiyoue e o/anoue a naiae aeayoaeueiinoe
ia?aaeeaaiey e iianaiey ?iaeeoaeae ca noaeueao naiaai ?aa?iea. Eiiio
o/eoaeth auaaao neiaeii anoaoue ia ianoi ?iaeeoaeae e iniciaoue, /oi
i?eaeaoaiea a oeieo iiaeao aucaaoue a naiuea oeaeue ia?aiieio, aieiaiea
?iaeeoaeae e o.ae. Eiiaaea i?ioeai?a/ey iiaeiaiiai ?iaea aicieeatho
ec-ca ?acee/iie eioi?ie?iaaiiinoe i ?aa?iea: ?iaeeoaeyi aieaa ecaanoia
aeeciue eo ?aa?iea aia oeieu, o/eoaeth aea aieaa ecaanoia oeieueiay
oniaaaaiinoue, iiaaaeaiea ia o?ieao e a oeiea aiiaua.
?aciue o?iaaiue iaaeaaiae/aneie iiaeaioiaee ?iaeeoaeae e o/eoaey oaeaea
iiaeao aucuaaoue i?ioeai?a/ey. ?aciue o?iaaiue eiiiaoaioiinoe a
iiieiaiee oeaeae, caaea/ e iaoiaeia ainieoaiey e iao/aiey ii?iaeaeaao
?anoiaeaeaiea ai acaeyaeao, nicaea?o o o/eoaey iaii?aaaeaiiia no?aieaiea
aeiieie?iaaoue a aii?inao iao/aiey e ainieoaiey, iaoaaaeeoaeueii
ioiineoueny e iiaieth ae?oaie noi?iiu, /oi cao?oaeiyao eiioaeou e
ecia/aeueioth iaiaoiaeeiinoue a nio?oaeie/anoaa.
I?e/eiu i?ioeai?a/ee iaaeaeo o/eoaeai e ?iaeeoaeyie o/aueony, niiniaiua
iiiaoaoue onoaiiaeaieth iaaeaaiae/anee oeaeaniia?aciuo eiioaeoia,
niaea?aeao oaeoi?u, eioi?ua /anoi iiaoo auoue niya/aiu.
Auaeaeaiea a naiaeiie iaaeaaiaeea aniaeoa ioiioaiee «?iaeeoaee o/aueony
– o/eoaeue» enoiaeeo ec oiai, /oi naiuey yaeyaony aannii?ii aaaeiaeoei
enoi/ieeii oi?ie?iaaiey i?aanoaaiiuo iiceoeee ?aa?iea, cae?aieaiey aai
i?aanoaaiii-ineoieiae/aneeo onoaiiaie. A naiuea o ?aa?iea oi?ie?othony
ia/aeueiua i?aaenoaaeaiey i oeaee e niunea aeecie, oeaiiinoiua
i?eaioaoeee, i?aanoaaiiua e nioeeaeueiua iio?aaiinoe e o.ae. Iiyoiio
o/eoaeue aeieaeai ciaoue, eaeea i?aanoaaiiua i?aaenoaaeaiey noi?ie?iaaiu
o ?aa?iea, a eaeeo oneiaeyo i?ienoiaeeei yoi oi?ie?iaaiea.
Oa?aeoa? acaeiiioiioaiee ?iaeeoaeae e o/eoaeae iaeuecy i?aaenoaaeyoue
eae iieiia acaeiiiiieiaiea e aaneiioeeeoiia niae?oaeanoai, ianiio?y ia
iauiinoue eo oeaeae e caaea/. Iaaeaaiao aaaeii iaeaaeeoue eiioaeo n
?iaeeoaeyie o/aueony, naeaeaoue eo nithcieeaie a aeaea ainieoaiey. A
iioeiaeueiii aa?eaioa iaaeaaia aeieaeai noaoue /anoueth naiaeiie
iee?in?aaeu (eae aeeaeaeoee niaao/ee ?iaeeoaeae a aii?inao iao/aiey e
ainieoaiey eo aeaoae), a ?iaeeoaee o/aieea – /anoueth aai oeieueiie
iee?in?aaeu (eae o/anoieee iauaai iaaeaaiae/aneiai i?ioeanna).
Oai?/aneay /anoue
«Oeie/iua ioeaee naiaeiiai ainieoaiey»
Ioeaee ainieoaiey, aucaaiiua iioeaaoeeae ?iaeeoaeae
a) ainieoaiea e iio?aaiinoue a yiioeeiiaeueiii eiioaeoa;
O /aeiaaea eae iauanoaaiiiai nouanoaa eiaaony naiaia?aciay oi?ia
i?eaioe?iaee – iai?aaeaiiinoue ia ineoe/aneee iaeee ae?oaiai /aeiaaea.
Iio?aaiinoue «i?eaioe?ia» a yiioeeiiaeueiii iano?ia ae?oaeo ethaeae
iacuaaaony iio?aaiinoueth a yiioeeiiaeueiii eiioaeoa. Eiioaeo auaaao
aeaonoi?iiiei, eiaaea /aeiaae /oanoaoao, /oi nai yaeyaony i?aaeiaoii
caeioa?aniaaiiinoe.
Iiaeao neo/eoueny oae, /oi oeaeue ainieoaiey ?aa?iea ieacuaaaony eiaiii
a oaeiaeaoai?aiee iio?aaiinoae yiioeeiiaeueiiai eiioaeoa. ?aa?iie
noaiiaeony oeaio?ii iio?aaiinoe, aaeeinoaaiiui iauaeoii aa
oaeiaeaoai?aiey. I?eia?ia caeanue aeinoaoi/ii: iai?eia?, ?iaeeoaee, ii
oai eee eiui i?e/eiai eniuouaathuea cao?oaeiaiey a eiioaeoao n ae?oaeie
ethaeueie. *aua anaai i?e oaeii ainieoaiee aicieeatho aieueoea i?iaeaiu.
?iaeeoaee aanniciaoaeueii aaaeoo ai?ueao ca nio?aiaiea iauaeoa naiae
iio?aaiinoe, i?aiyonoaoy auoiaeo yiioeee e i?eaycaiiinoae ?aa?iea ca
i?aaeaeu naiaeiiai e?oaa.
a) ainieoaiea e iio?aaiinoue niunea aeecie;
Aieueoea i?iaeaiu aicieeatho a iauaiee n ?aa?ieii, anee ainieoaiea noaei
aaeeinoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoueth, ?aaeecothuae iio?aaiinoue niunea
aeecie. Aac oaeiaeaoai?aiey yoie iio?aaiinoe /aeiaae ia iiaeao
ii?iaeueii ooieoeeiie?iaaoue, ia iiaeao iiaeeeciaaoue ana naie
niiniaiinoe a iaeneiaeueiie noaiaie. Oaeiaeaoai?aiea oaeie niiniaiinoe
naycaiii n iainiiaaieai aeey naay niunea naiaai auoey, n yniui,
i?aeoe/anee i?eaieaiui e caneoaeeaathuei iaeia?aiey naiiai /aeiaaea
iai?aaeaieai aai aeaenoaee.
Oaeiaeaoai?aieai iio?aaiinoe niunea aeecie iiaeao noaoue caaioa i
?aa?iea. Iaoue, ioaoe eee aaaooea iiaoo n/eoaoue, /oi niune eo
nouanoaiaaiey yaeyaony ooiae ca oece/aneei ninoiyieai e ainieoaieai
?aa?iea. Iie ia anaaaea iiaoo yoi iniciaaaoue, iieaaay, /oi oeaeue eo
aeecie a ae?oaii, iaeiaei n/anoeeauie iie /oanoaotho naay oieueei
oiaaea, eiaaea iie ioaeiu. Anee ?aa?iie, au?anoay, ooiaeeo io ieo, iie
/anoi ia/eiatho iiieiaoue, /oi «aeeciue iioa?yea anyeee niune». ss?eei
i?eia?ii oiio neoaeeo iaia, ia aeaeathuay auioneaoue io?iea ec-iiae
naiae ii?ee. A ?acoeueoaoa ii iieo/aao o?aaoaiia /oanoai naiae
iaiaoiaeeiinoe, a eaaeaeia i?iyaeaiea naiinoiyoaeueiinoe nuia
i?aneaaeoao n ii?aceoaeueiui oii?noaii. A?aae oaeiai naiiiiaea?oaiaaiey
aeey ?aa?iea i/aaeaeai.
a) ainieoaiea e iio?aaiinoue aeinoeaeaiey;
O iaeioi?uo ?iaeeoaeae ainieoaiea ?aa?iea iiaoaeaeaaony oae iacuaaaiie
iioeaaoeeae aeinoeaeaiey. Oeaeue ainieoaiey ninoieo a oii, /oiau
aeiaeoueny oiai, /oi ia oaeaeinue ?iaeeoaeyi ec ca ionoonoaey
iaiaoiaeeiuo oneiaee, eee aea iioiio, /oi naie iie ia auee aeinoaoi/ii
niiniaiuie e ianoie/eauie. Iiaeiaiia ?iaeeoaeueneia iiaaaeaiea
iainiciaiii aeey naieo ?iaeeoaeae i?eia?aoaao yeaiaiou yaiecia: «Iu
oioei noi?ie?iaaoue ?aa?iea ii naiaio iiaeiaeth, aaaeue ii
i?iaeieaeaoaeue iaoae aeecie…»
?aa?iie eeoaaony iaiaoiaeeiie iacaaeneiinoe, eneaaeaaony aini?eyoea
i?enoueo aio caaeaoeia, noi?ie?iaaiiuo ee/iinoiuo ea/anoa. Iau/ii ia
i?eieiathony ai aieiaiea aiciiaeiinoe, eioa?anu, niiniaiinoe ?aa?iea,
eioi?ua ioee/iu io oao, /oi naycaiiu n cai?ia?aiie?iaaiiuie oeaeyie.
?aa?iie noaiiaeony ia?aae auai?ii. Ii iiaeao aoeniooue naay a ?aiee
/oaeaeuo aio ?iaeeoaeueneeo eaeaaeia oieueei ?aaee oiai, /oiau
iaania/eoue ethaiaue e /oanoai oaeiaeaoai?aiiinoe ?iaeeoaeae. A yoii
neo/aa ii iieaeao eiaeiui iooai, ia niioaaonoaothuei aai ee/iinoe e
niiniaiinoyi, eioi?ue /anoi caeai/eaaaony iieiui oeanei. Ii ?aa?iie
iiaeao e ainnoaoue i?ioea /oaeaeuo aio o?aaiaaiee, aucuaay oai naiui
?aci/a?iaaiea ?iaeeoaeae ec ca ianauaoeony iaaeaaeae, e a ?acoeueoaoa
aicieeatho aeoaieea eiioeeeou a ioiioaieyo iaaeaeo ?aa?ieii e
?iaeeoaeyie.
a) ainieoaiea eae ?aaeecaoeey ii?aaeaeaiiie nenoaiu;
Ano?a/athony naiuee, aaea oeaee ainieoaiey eae au ioiaeaeaathony io
naiiai ?aa?iea e iai?aaeythony ia noieueei ia iaai naiiai, neieueei ia
?aaeecaoeeth i?eciaaaaiie ?iaeeoaeyie nenoaiu ainieoaiey. Yoi iau/ii
i/aiue eiiiaoaioiua, y?oaee?iaaiiua ?iaeeoaee, eioi?ua oaeaeytho naiei
aeaoyi iaiaei a?aiaie e oeiiio. Iiciaeiieaoenue n eaeie-eeai
ainieoaoaeueiie nenoaiie a neeo ?aciuo i?e/ei aeiaa?eaoenue ae,
?iaeeoaee iaaeaioe/ii e oeaeaono?aieaiii i?enooiatho e aa iaonoaiiie
?aaeecaoeee.
Ianiiiaiii, o eaaeaeie ec iiaiiiaeiuo ainieoaoaeueiuo nenoai anoue naie
oeaiiua iaoiaeee, iaiaei iieaciiai e aaaeiiai. Aeaaiia i?e yoii, /oiau
?iaeeoaee ia caauaaee, /oi ia ?aa?iie aeey ainieoaiey, a ainieoaiea aeey
?aa?iea. Enoaoe, ?iaeeoaee, neaaeothuea ainieoaieth ii oeio «?aaeecaoeee
nenoaiu», aioo?aiia iioiaee, eo iauaaeeiyao iaeia iauay iniaaiiinoue –
ioiineoaeueiay iaaieiaoaeueiinoue e eiaeeaeaeoaeueiinoe ineoe/aneiai
ie?a naiaai ?aa?iea.
ae) ainieoaiea eae oi?ie?iaaiea ii?aaeaeaiiuo ea/anoa.
Iiae aeeyieai i?ioeiai iiuoa, enoi?ee ?acaeoey ee/iinoe /aeiaaea a aai
niciaiee iiaoo iiyaeyoueny oae iacuaaaiua naa?ooeaiiua eaeae. Eie iiaoo
auoue i?aaenoaaeaiey i oii eee eiii /aeiaa/aneii ea/anoaa eae iaeaieaa
oeaiiii, iaiaoiaeeiii, iiiiaathuai a aeecie. A yoeo neo/ayo ?iaeeoaeue
no?ieo naia ainieoaiea oae, /oiau ?aa?iie aue iaycaoaeueii iaaeaeai yoei
«iniai oeaiiui» ea/anoaii. Iai?eia?, ?iaeeoaee oaa?aiiu a oii, /oi eo
nui eee aei/ue aeieaeiu iaycaoaeueii auoue aeia?uie, y?oaee?iaaiiuie eee
niaeuie.
ss?eei i?eia?ii iiaeao neoaeeoue neooaoeey, eiaaea oaea/aiea nii?oii
i?eaiaeeo e oiio, /oi noi?oae no?iyo ieaiu i niaianoiuo naiaeiuo
iioiaeao, eaoaiee ia yooao, caiyoeyo ai?iuie euaeaie, ia caia/ay, /oi a
eo ia/oao i aoaeouai ?aa?iea ei aeaeeony iaeue/ee. Ii ?iaeaeaaony
aeaai/ea, a ainieoaiea no?ieony ii ca?aiaa cai?ia?aiie?iaaiiiio
naa?ooeaiiiio ia?acoeo: ioaeneie noeeue iaeaaeaeu, eceeoiea aeey
aeaai/ee nii?oeaiua oi?aaeiaiey, ianiaoeeaia ioiioaiea e ea?ai n eoeeaie
e o.i. Ana yoi iiaeao i?eaanoe e io?eoeaoaeueiui iineaaenoaeyi a
ineoe/aneii ?acaeoee ?aa?iea: oi?ie?iaaiea o ?aa?iea /a?o
i?ioeaiiieiaeiiai iiea, iiaenioaeiia oaaaeaeaiea aai a oii, /oi oaeie,
eaeie ii anoue, ?aa?iie ia ioaeai e o.ae.
Auaiae: ?aaoee?othuea ainieoaiea naa?ooeaiiua iioeau ?iaeeoaeae
ia?aie/eaatho naiaiaeo ?acaeoey i?enoueo ?aa?ieo caaeaoeia, oneiaeiytho
?acaeoea, ia?ooay aai aa?iiieth, a eiiaaea e eneaaeay aai oiae.
Eiioeeeou, aicieeathuea a nayce n iai?aaeeueiuie no?aoaaeyie ainieoaiey
Iniiaiua neiaeiinoe a iauaiee, eiioeeeou aicieeatho ec-ca
?iaeeoaeueneiai eiio?iey ca iiaaaeaieai, o/aaie iiae?inoea, aai auai?ii
ae?ocae e o.ae.
Inoaiiaethnue ia ?ani?ino?aiaiiuo noeeyo naiaeiiai ainieoaiey,
ii?aaeaeythuaai aicieeiiaaiea eiioeeeoiuo ioiioaiee ?aa?iea n
?iaeeoaeyie.
Aaoi?eoa?iua ?iaeeoaee o?aaotho io iiae?inoea aani?aeineiaiiai
iiae/eiaiey e ia n/eoatho, /oi aeieaeiu aio iauyniyoue i?e/eiu naieo
oeacaiee e cai?aoia. Iie aeanoei eiio?iee?otho ana noa?u aeecie, i?e/ai
iiaoo yoi aeaeaoue e ia aiieia ei??aeoii. Aeaoe a oaeeo naiueyo iau/ii
caiueathony, e eo iauaiea n ?iaeeoaeyie ia?ooaaony. Neooaoeey
ineiaeiyaony, anee aunieay o?aaiaaoaeueiinoue e eiio?ieue ni/aoathony n
yiioeeiiaeueii oieiaeiui, ioaa?aathuei ioiioaieth e ?aa?ieo. Caeanue
iaecaaaeia iieiay iioa?y eiioaeoa.
Ni/aoaiea aac?acee/iiai ?iaeeoaeueneiai ioiioaiey n ionoonoaea eiio?iey
– aeiiiiaea – oiaea iaaeaaii?eyoiue aa?eaio naiaeiuo ioiioaiee.
Iiae?inoeai iicaieyaony aeaeaoue ana, /oi ei acaeoiaaony, eo aeaeaie
ieeoi ia eioa?anoaony. Iiaaaeaiea noaiiaeony iaeiio?iee?oaiui. A
iiae?inoee, eae au iie eiiaaea ia aoioiaaee, ioaeaeathony a ?iaeeoaeyo
eae a iii?a, iie aeieaeiu aeaeaoue ia?acaoe ac?ineiai, ioaaonoaaiiiai
iiaaaeaiey, ia eioi?ue iiaeii auei au i?eaioe?iaaoueny.
Aeia?iiaea – eceeoiyy caaioa i ?aa?iea, /?acia?iue eiio?ieue ca anae aai
aeeciueth, iniiaaiiue ia oaniii yiioeeiiaeueiii eiioaeoa, – i?eaiaeeo e
ianneaiinoe, ianaiinoiyoaeueiinoe, o?oaeiinoyi a iauaiee ni
naa?noieeaie. O?oaeiinoe aicieeatho e i?e aunieeo iaeeaeaieyo
?iaeeoaeae, ii?aaaeaoue eioi?ua ?aa?iie ia a ninoiyiee. N ?iaeeoaeyie,
eiathueie iaaaeaeaaoiua iaeeaeaiey, a iiae?inoeiaii aic?anoa iau/ii
oo?a/eaaaony aeooiaiay aeecinoue. Iiae?inoie oi/ao nai ?aoaoue, /oi aio
ioaeii, e aoiooao, ioaa?aay /oaeaeua aio o?aaiaaiey. Eiioeeeou
aicieeatho i?e ioiioaiee ?iaeeoaeae e iiae?inoeo eae e iaeaiueeiio
?aa?ieo e i?e iaiineaaeiaaoaeueiinoe o?aaiaaiee, eiaaea io iaai
iaeeaeaaony oi aeaoneia iineooaiea, oi ac?ineay naiinoiyoaeueiinoue.
Nouanoaoao 4 niiniaa iiaeaea?aeee eiioeeeoiuo neooaoeee:
1. Ooiae io i?iaeaiu (/enoi aeaeiaia iauaiea)
2. Ie? ethaie oeaiie (aeey ac?ineiai ioiioaiey n ?aa?ieii aei?iaea
anaai). Cae?uaay aeaca ia io?eoeaoaeueiua iinooiee, ac?ineue ia iiiiaaao
iiae?inoeo, a iaiai?io – iiiu?yao io?eoeaoaeueiua oi?iu iiaaaeaiey
?aa?iea.
3. Iiaaaea ethaie oeaiie (ac?ineue no?aieoueny auea?aoue, iuoaynue
iiaeaaeoue iaioaeiua oi?iu iiaaaeaiey ?aa?iea. Anee ii i?iea?uaaao a
iaeiii, oi aoaeao no?aieoueny auea?aoue a ae?oaii. Yoa neooaoeey
aaneiia/ia.)
4. I?iaeoeoeaiue (eiii?iienniue aa?eaio). Yoio aa?eaio i?aaeiieaaaao
/anoe/ioth iiaaaeo e a iaeiii e a ae?oaii eaaa?a. E yoiio iaycaoaeueii
ioaeii eaeoe aianoa, o.a. yoi aeieaeii noaoue ?acoeueoaoii niaianoiiai
?aoaiey.
?iaeeoaeueneea aee?aeoeau eae i?iyaeaiea ioeaie naiaeiiai ainieoaiey
Anee ?aa?ieo a aeaonoaa ?iaeeoaee iinoiyiii aiooaee, /oi ii:” othoye,
?acaeeueaeye, iaieoon”, oi ?aii eee iicaeii a yoi ia/eiaao aa?eoue. Ii
nia/aea aioo?e ?aa?iea i?ienoiaeeo eiioeeeo, iioiio /oi ii ciaao, /oi ii
ia oaeie ieioie, /oi ii noa?aaony ii?aaeiaaoue naieo ?iaeeoaeae, a iie
yoiai ia caia/atho, noa?aynue iiaeiaiaoue ?aa?iea iiae naie ia?ee. Ec
yoiai eiioeeeoa “auoaeaao” ia?aiia iai?yaeaiea, n eioi?ui ?aa?iie iiae
/an ia iiaeao ni?aaeoueny. Aiciiaeii aeaa aa?eaioa ?aoaiey ?aa?ieii yoie
i?iaeaiu: eeai ii i?eniiniaeoueny iiae iaiiia?iua o?aaiaaiey ac?ineuo e
ni?y/ao naie ee/iinoiua ea/anoaa, ii aoaeao auioaeaeai eneaoue iaoaieci
caueou nianoaaiiiai “ss” aeinooiiuie aeey iaai niiniaaie, eeai ii aoaeao
nii?ioeaeyoueny, /oi ii?iaeeo iiiaeanoai eiioeeeoia n ?iaeeoaeyie. E oi
e ae?oaia iaecaaaeii i?eaaaeao e iiauoaiiiio ia?aiiio iai?yaeaieth, a
anee ?iaeeoaee ia niaiyo naith “ainieoaoaeueioth iieeoeeo”, oi o ?aa?iea
aicieeiao ia?aiia ?anno?ienoai, iaa?ic, eioi?ue iiae?anoathuee /aeiaae
iiianao n niaie ai ac?ineoth aeeciue.
Ia?ao?iiua ineoieiae/aneea i?iaeaiu ?iaeeoaeae, i?iaoee?oynue ia
?aa?iea, iiaoo iiaoi?eoueny o iaai a onoaoae?iiii aeaea. Ne?uoui oi?iai
i?ia?aiie?iaaiey ?acaeoey aeaoae a naiuea oaeaeyaony aieueoia aieiaiea a
?aaioao i?aaenoaaeoaeae o?ainaeoiiai aiaeeca – Y. Aa?ia, ?. e I.
Aoeaeeia.
ss iaoiaeo, /oi yoio aii?in, ioiinyueeny e eiiiaoaioeee ineoioa?aiee,
aeieaeai auoue ?anniio?ai eiaiii a eiioaenoa ?aoa?aoa ii naiaeiie
iaaeaaiaeea. Aaaeue ?aoay naie ia?ao?iiua i?iaeaiu, ?iaeeoaee niiaoo
yooaeoeaii iiii/ue naiaio ?aa?ieo!
Aeaoyi /anoi i?eoiaeeony neuoaoue io ?iaeeoaeae o?acu oeia: “Eiaaea aea
ou iaeiiaoe iioiiaaoue?”, “Aea /oi ou aue?oueny, o oaay an? ?aaii ia
iieo/eony, aeaaae eo/oa y…” eee “Yo ou, ii? ai?a”. An? yoi e iiiaea
ae?oaea ?iaeeoaeueneia aiooaiea, i?ia?aiie?iaaiea i?eiyoi iacuaaoue
“?iaeeoaeueneeie aee?aeoeaaie”. Oa?iei aaaae?i ?. e I. Aoeaeeiaaie a
eieaa “Ineoioa?aiey iiaiai ?aoaiey” e icia/aao ne?uoia i?eeacaiea,
iayaii noi?ioee?iaaiiia neiaaie eee aeaenoaeyie ?iaeeoaey, ca
iaeniieaiiea eioi?iai ?aa?iie ia aoaeao iaeacai yaii, ii aoaeao iaeacai
einaaiii – nianoaaiiui /oanoaii aeiu ia?aae ?iaeeoaeai, aeaaoei yoo
aee?aeoeao. Enoeiiua i?e/eiu naiae aeiu ?aa?iie (e aeaaea ac?ineue) ia
iiaeao iniciaoue aac iinoi?iiiae iiiiue. Eiaiii aee?aeoeau ioaaonoaaiiu
ca aeeaouoth oaea ai ac?ineuo ethaeyo caaeneiinoue io eiai-oi ec
?iaeeoaeae, iayaii iao/eaoeo ?aa?iea aanoe naay ioeai/iui,
iai?iaeoeoeaiui, iaa?ioe/iui ia?acii. Aoeaeeiae auaaee oeaeue ia?a/aiue
?iaeeoaeueneeo aee?aeoea (i?eaiaeeony ?anoe?aiiue aa?eaio ii oaenoo [4]
A.E. Einaaa, A.E. Eoiueeia “Ineoinaenoaeueiia ?acaeoea ?aa?iea”):
“Ia aeeae” (“Iia ia ioaeia oaeay ieioay aeaai/ea”, “Iineieueeo y ana
naie neeu e caei?iauea ioaeaea, /oiau oaay ainieoaoue, y oae e ia
niiaea…” etc.) Ne?uoui niuneii ia?aaea/e oaeie aee?aeoeau yaeyaony
iaeaa/aiea oi?aaeaiey ?aa?ieii iin?aaenoaii aicaoaeaeaiey a i?i
o?iie/aneiai /oanoaa aeiu, naycaiiiai n oaeoii naiiai aai i?enoonoaey a
aeecie ?iaeeoaey. Ac?ineue eae au canoaaeyao ?aa?iea iiaa?eoue a aai
(?aa?iea) ioaaonoaaiiinoue ca ia?ao?iiua caaea/e ac?ineiai. Ecaanoii,
/oi iaeacaiea niya/aao /oanoai aeiu, iiyoiio oaeea aeaoe iiaoo eneaoue
oaeea neooaoeee, aaea iie iiaoo auoue iaeacaiu, i?e oii ca /oi-oi
?aaeueiia (oeia ae?aee eee ?acaeoiai ieia), a ia ca oeeoeeth.
“Ia aoaeue ?aa?ieii” (“Ii?a oaaa aeoiaoue naiae aieiaie”, “Io ou aea ia
iaeaiueeee, /oiau…”). Oaeay aee?aeoeaa aeinoa?ony aaeeinoaaiiui eee
noa?oei aeaoyi e niaaeeiaia n iiaeaaeaieai aeaoneeo, iaaeiiuo aeaeaiee,
eioi?ua naie naycaiu ni niiniaiinoueth e oai?/anoao, naiii?iyaeaieth.
“Ia ?anoe” (“Ou au? iaea, /oiau e?aneoueny”, “Iaia oaay ieeiaaea ia
a?ineo”, “Ia oi?iienue ac?ineaoue”). *aua anaai aeinoa?ony ieaaeoei eee
aaeeinoaaiiui aeaoyi. Oaeoth aee?aeoeao ?aa?ieo aeatho ?iaeeoaee,
aiyueany ac?ineaiey naiaai ?aa?iea e ianooieaiey oiai iiiaioa, eiaaea
ii, iieeioa eo naiueth, inoaaeo eo iiyoue eeoeii e eeoeo ae?oa n
ae?oaii, eae a ia/aea noi?oaeanoaa.
“Ia aeoiae” (au?aaeaaony a o?aaiaaieyo ia oiie/aoue, ia ?annoaeaeaoue).
Iai?eia?, aeaeay ioaea/ue ?aa?iea io o?aaie?othuae neooaoeee, iaia
ioaa/aao ia aai aii?inu oae: “Ia aeoiae ia yoii, caaoaeue”, oai naiui
eeoay aai aiciiaeiinoe ?aoeoue anoaaooth ia?aae iei i?iaeaio
?aoeeiiaeueiuie n?aaenoaaie.
“Ia /oanoaoe” (i.e. “Eae ou niaaoue ceeoueny ia o/eoaeueieoeo, iia aea
oaaa aiaeeony a iaoa?e”, “Ia naoa?iue – ia ?anoaaoue”). ?aa?iie n oaeie
aee?aeoeaie, cai?auathuae aio i?iyaeyoue aa?anneaiinoue ii ioiioaieth e
o/eoaeueieoea, iiaeao ia/aoue ?ac?yaeaoueny ia ieaaeoeo eee aieaa neaauo
ii ioiioaieth e iaio aeaoyo. ?aa?iie, iao/eaoeeny eaii?e?iaaoue oaeaniua
iuouaiey, eaaei iiaeao oo?aoeoue /oanoai oece/aneie aaciianiinoe e
noaoue neeiiiui e o?aaiaoecio.
“Ia aeinoeaae oniaoa” (“ss nai ia niia caeii/eoue einoeooo, ii
ioeacuaath naaa ai an?i, /oiau ou niiaea iieo/eoue ia?aciaaiea”). Oau, a
iniiaa iiaeiaiuo aee?aeoea eaaeeo aanniciaoaeueiay caaenoue ?iaeeoaey e
oniaoo ?aa?iea.
“Ia aoaeue eeaea?ii” (eg. “Aoaeue eae an?”, “Io e ca/ai ou auniauaaeny,
auoei ooaea aeey oaay”). ?iaeeoaee, aeathuea ?aa?ieo oaeoth aee?aeoeao
ec eo/oeo iiaoaeaeaiee, iiaoo auoue iaaniieiaiu /oanoaii caaenoe,
eioi?ia iie, ii eo aeoaieiio oaaaeaeaieth, ia?a/aiu aucuaaoue o ae?oaeo
ethaeae.
“Ia i?eiaaeeaaee” – a? ia?aaeatho aeaoyi ?iaeeoaee, naie eiathuea
i?iaeaiu a iauaiee e aeaeyuea a ?aa?iea “aaeeinoaaiiiai ae?oaa”. A
iauaiee n ?aa?ieii oaeea ?iaeeoaee iiaoo any/anee iiae/??eeaaoue aai
eneeth/eoaeueiinoue, iaiioiaeanoue ia ae?oaeo (a iieiaeeoaeueiii
niunea).
“Ia aoaeue aeeceei”. Yoa aee?aeoeaa ii niuneo iaiiieiaao i?aaeuaeouoth,
ii anee oa i?iyaeyaony a a?oiia, oi yoa – a ioiioaieyo n iaeiei aeeceei
/aeiaaeii. ?iaeeoaee, ia?aaeathuea yoo aee?aeoeao, aiooatho oai naiui
?aa?ieo, /oi ieeiio (e?iia ieo) aeiaa?youe iaeuecy. A?aae yoiai
iiaenioaeiiai oeacaiey a aanniciaoaeueiii oaaaeaeaiee, “/oi ethaay
aeecinoue iiania”.
“Ia aeaeae” – oi anoue ia aeaeae nai, y aoaeo aeaeaoue yoi ca oaay.
?iaeeoaee aeatho a? ?aa?ieo, aiai?y: “Ia aeaeae nai, iiaeiaeaee iaiy”.
Au?anoay, yoe aeaoe aoaeoo ioeeaaeuaaoue ia/aei naieo aeaenoaee,
iiiaaeaoue a oeaeoiio, ia aeiaaaeuaaynue, /oi aeaenoaotho ii eia?oeee
?iaeeoaeueneie aee?aeoeau.
“Ia aoaeue naiei niaie”. Au?aaeaaony a au?aaeaieyo oeia “Ii/aio Aany yoi
iiaeao, a ou iao?”, “No?aienue e eaeaaeo”; auaaao oaeaea , /oi ?iaeeoaee
oioaee aeaai/eo, a iieo/eeny iaeue/ee. Ne?uoue niune aeaiiie aee?aeoeau
– aucaaoue iaoaeiaeaoai??iiinoue naiei iuiaoiei ninoiyiea e ionoeoue aai
a iai?a?uaioth aaaioith ii caieiooiio e?oao. Aoaeo/e iinoiyiii
iaoaeiaeaoai??iiui e iioeae?oaiui caaenoueth, /aeiaae oaaaaao io naiiai
naay.
“Ia /oanoaoe naay oi?ioi” (“Oioue o iaai auea aunieay oaiia?aoo?a, ii
iaienae eiio?ieueioth ia 5”). ?aa?iie, iieo/eaoee oaeoth aee?aeoeao,
i?eo/aaony, n iaeiie noi?iiu, e iunee, /oi aieaciue i?eaeaeaao e iaio
anaiauaa aieiaiea, a n ae?oaie – e iaeeaeaieth, /oi ieioia naii/oanoaea
iiauneo oeaiiinoue ethaiai aai aeaenoaey.
Neaaeiaaiea aee?aeoeaai iiiiaaao iaeaiueeiio e caaeneiiio ?aa?ieo
i?eniiniaeoueny e o?aaiaaieyi aieueoeo e naiaiaeiuo ethaeae (eioi?ua
?aoatho naie nianoaaiiua i?iaeaiu). I?aeoe/anee ainieouaaoue ?aa?iea,
ecaaaay aee?aeoea, ia i/aiue-oi e aiciiaeii – aeey yoiai o?aaoaony eae
ieieioi i?eioeeieaeueii eiie o?iaaiue ineoieiae/aneie e iaaeaaiae/aneie
a?aiioiinoe, iaaeaee eiathueeny o n?aaeiaai iauaaoaey, a eae iaeneioi –
naiaeiay ia?a, ?aoeaoay naie ee/iua i?iaeaiu e naiaiaeiay io nicaeaiey
iiauo.
A.E. Eoiueeia e A.E. Einaaa aeatho ?iaeeoaeyi neaaeothuea niaaou: a)
aeaoue ?aa?ieo aiciiaeiinoue oaeaeaoue, /oi au naie eae ?iaeeoaeue
inaiaiaeaeaaoanue io aee?aeoea; a) inoaaeoue naiiio ?aa?ieo i?aai
ecaeeoue yoe oeacaiey a ?aieao aieaa oe?ieie /aeiaa/aneie iauiinoe.
Caeeth/aiea
Oaeei ia?acii, aeey oiai, /oiau iaeneiece?iaaoue iieiaeeoaeueiua e
naanoe e ieieioio io?eoeaoaeueiia aeeyiea naiuee ia ainieoaiea ?aa?iea e
i?aiaeieaoue oeie/iua ioeaee naiaeiiai ainieoaiey, iaiaoiaeeii iiiieoue
iauea aioo?enaiaeiua ineoieiae/aneea oaeoi?u, eiathuea ainieoaoaeueiia
cia/aiea:
I?eieiaoue aeoeaiia o/anoea a aeecie naiuee;
Anaaaea iaoiaeeoue a?aiy, /oiau iiaiai?eoue n ?aa?ieii;
Eioa?aniaaoueny i?iaeaiaie ?aa?iea, aieeaoue ai ana aicieeathuea a aai
aeecie neiaeiinoe e iiiiaaoue ?acaeaaoue naie oiaiey e oaeaiou;
Ia ieacuaaoue ia ?aa?iea iaaeeia, iiiiaay aio oai naiui naiinoiyoaeueii
i?eieiaoue ?aoaiey;
Eiaoue i?aaenoaaeaiea i ?acee/iuo yoaiao a aeecie ?aa?iea;
Oaaaeaoue i?aai ?aa?iea ia nianoaaiiia iiaiea;
Oiaoue naea?aeeaaoue nianoaaiie/aneea einoeieou e ioiineoueny e ?aa?ieo
eae e ?aaiii?aaiiio ia?oia?o, eioi?ue i?inoi iiea /oi iaeaaeaao iaiueoei
aeeciaiiui iiuoii;
N oaaaeaieai ioiineoueny e no?aieaieth anao inoaeueiuo /eaiia naiuee
aeaeaoue ea?uea?o e naiiniaa?oainoaiaaoueny.
Nienie eniieueciaaiiie eeoa?aoo?u:
«Iiioey?iay ineoieiaey aeey ?iaeeoaeae» i/? A.A. Aiaeaeaaa, I, 1988.
E.A. Eoeee, I.E. Aa?anoia. «Naiaeiia ainieoaiea». I, 1990.
«Ineoieiaey e iaaeaaiaeea» i/? A.A. ?aaeoaeia. I, 1997.
A.E. Einaaa, A.E. Eoiueeia. «Ineoinaenoaeueiia ?acaeoea ?aa?iea». I,
1995.
A.E. Eoiueeia. «Eae iiii/ue ?aa?ieo a o/?aa a oeiea e aeiia». I, 1995.
A.E. Iao?aeia, THTH. Ua?aaiue. «Eneonnoai ainieoaiey a naiuea». Ieine,
1971.
E. Oeaee-Oianii, A. ?iaeinii, I. Neei. «?acaeoea ?aa?iea e aai ioiioaiee
n ie?oaeathueie». I, 1993.
TH.I. Aca?ia. «Naiaeiay iaaeaaiaeea». I, 1985.
E.A. A?aaaiieeia. «Iniiau naiaeiie aeecie». I, 1990.
N.A. Eiaae?a. «Ineoieiaey nia?aiaiiie naiuee». I, 1988.
A.E. Caoa?ia. «Iaa?icu o aeaoae». NIa, 1996.
A.E. Aa?aocia. «Ia?aiua aeaoe». E, 1990.
A. Eaae. «Ianoaiaea?oiue ?aa?iie». I, 1989.
A. Iena?aiei, E. Iena?aiei. «Iaaeaaiae/aneay yoeea». Ieine, 1986.
E. *a?iieicia. «I?ioanneiiaeueiay yoeea o/eoaey». Eeaa, 1988.
I.N. Eaeoan. «Aic?anoiay iaea?aiiinoue». Naiuey e oeiea, ?9/1990.
TH.C. Aeeueaoo. «Aieiaiea: iaea?aiiua aeaoe». I.,1991.
«Iaea?aiiua aeaoe». i/? Ao?iaineie, Neooeeiai. I,1991.
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