4
IEAI
Aaaaeaiea
1. Aeaeu aeeaeaeoe/aneeo ea?
2. I?aaiecaoeey e i?iaaaeaiea aeeaeaeoe/aneeo ea?
3. Aeeaeaeoe/aneea ea?u i?e iao/aiee a?aiioa
4. I?eia?u ea? ii oi?ie?iaaieth iaoaiaoe/aneeo i?aaenoaaeaiee o
aeioeieueieeia
Caeeth/aiea
Eeoa?aoo?a
Aaaaeaiea.
Caaeieai aei oiai eae ea?a noaea i?aaeiaoii iao/iuo enneaaeiaaiee, iia
oe?iei eniieueciaaeanue a ea/anoaa iaeiiai ec aaaeiuo n?aaenoa
ainieoaiey e iao/aiey aeaoae.
A naiuo ?acee/iuo nenoaiao iao/aiey ea?a ioaiaeeony iniaia ianoi. E
ii?aaeaeyaony yoi oai, /oi ea?a i/aiue nicao/ia i?e?iaea ?aaaiea.
?aaaiie io ?iaeaeaiey e aei ianooieaiey c?aeinoe oaeaeyao ia?iiiia
aieiaiea ea?ai. Ea?a aeey ?aaaiea – ia i?inoi eioa?aniia
a?aiyi?ai?iaiaeaeaiea, ii niinia iiaeaee?iaaiey aiaoiaai, ac?ineiai
ie?a, niinia iiaeaee?iaaiey aai acaeiiioiioaiee, a i?ioeanna eioi?iai,
?aaaiie au?aaaouaaao noaio acaeiiioiioaiee ni naa?noieeaie. Aeaoe n
oaeiaieuenoaeai naie i?eaeoiuaatho ea?u, n iiiiuueth eioi?uo naiua
aaiaeueiua, auoiaua aaue ia?aiinyony a iniaue eioa?aniue ie?
i?eeeth/aiee.
Ea?a yoi iio?aaiinoue ?anoouaai aeaoneiai i?aaiecia. A ea?a ?acaeaathony
oece/aneea neeu ?aaaiea, oaa?aea ?oea, aea/a oaei, aa?iaa aeac,
?acaeaathony niia?aceoaeueiinoue, iaoiae/eainoue, eieoeeaoeaa. A ea?a
au?aaaouaathony o ?aayo i?aaiecaoeeiiiua iaauee, ?acaeaathony
auaea?aeea, oiaiea acaaoeaaoue ianoiyoaeuenoaa e i?.
Aeey ?aayo aeioeieueiiai aic?anoa ea?a eiaao eneeth/eoaeueiia cia/aiea:
ea?a aeey ieo – o/aaa, ea?a aeey ieo – o?oae, ea?a aeey ieo –
na?ueaciay oi?ia ainieoaiey.
Ea?u, niinianoaothuea ?acaeoeth aini?eyoey, aieiaiey, iaiyoe, iuoeaiey,
?acaeoeth oai?/aneeo niiniaiinoae, iai?aaeaiu ia oinoaaiiia ?acaeoea
oeieueieea a oeaeii.
A ea?a ?aaaiie aeaeaao ioe?uoey oiai, /oi aeaaii ecaanoii ac?ineiio.
Iio?aaiinoue a ea?a e aeaeaiea ea?aoue o aeioeieueieeia iaiaoiaeeii
eniieueciaaoue e iai?aaeyoue a oeaeyo ?aoaiey ii?aaeaeaiiuo
ia?aciaaoaeueiuo caaea/. Ea?a aoaeao yaeyoueny n?aaenoaii ainieoaiey e
iao/aiey, anee iia aoaeao aeeth/aoueny a oeaeinoiue iaaeaaiae/aneee
i?ioeann. ?oeiaiaey ea?ie, i?aaiecoy aeeciue aeaoae a ea?a, iaaeaaia
aicaeaenoaoao ia ana noi?iiu ?acaeoey ee/iinoe ?aaaiea: ia /oanoaa, ia
niciaiea, ia aieth e ia iiaaaeaiea a oeaeii.
A ianoiyuaa a?aiy iiyaeeinue oeaeia iai?aaeaiea a iaaeaaiae/aneie iaoea
– ea?iaay iaaeaaiaeea, eioi?ay n/eoaao ea?o aaaeouei iaoiaeii ainieoaiey
e iao/aiey aeaoae aeioeieueiiai e ieaaeoaai oeieueiiai aic?anoa e
iiyoiio oii? ia ea?o (ea?iaoth aeayoaeueiinoue, ea?iaua oi?iu, i?eaiu) –
yoi aaaeiaeoee iooue aeeth/aiey aeaoae a o/aaioth ?aaioo, niinia
iaania/aiey yiioeeiiaeueiiai ioeeeea ia ainieoaoaeueiua aicaeaenoaey e
ii?iaeueiuo oneiaee aeeciaaeayoaeueiinoe. A iineaaeiea aiaeu aii?inu
oai?ee e i?aeoeee aeeaeaeoe/aneie ea?u ?ac?aaaouaaeenue e
?ac?aaaouaathony iiiaeie enneaaeiaaoaeyie: A.I.Oniaie, A.E.?aaeeiie,
O.I.Aeaoa?, A.E.Oa/aio?eaeca, 3.I.Aiaoneaaneie, A.O.Eaaieoeeie,
A.E.Ni?ieeiie, A.E.Oaeaeueoeiaie, A.I.Aaaianiaie, A.E.Aiiaea?aiei,
E.A.Aaiaa?ii. Ai anao enneaaeiaaieyo ooaa?aeeeanue acaeiinaycue iao/aiey
e ea?u, ii?aaeaeeeanue no?oeoo?a ea?iaiai i?ioeanna, iniiaiua oi?iu e
iaoiaeu ?oeiaiaenoaa aeeaeaeoe/aneeie ea?aie.
1. Aeaeu aeeaeaeoe/aneeo ea?.
Ea?iaay aeayoaeueiinoue — yoi iniaay noa?a /aeiaa/aneie aeoeaiinoe, a
eioi?ie ee/iinoue ia i?aneaaeoao ieeaeeo ae?oaeo oeaeae, e?iia iieo/aiey
oaeiaieuenoaey, oaeiaieuenoaey io i?iyaeaiey oece/aneeo e aeooiaiuo nee.
I?e?iaea nicaeaea aeaoneea ea?u aeey ananoi?iiiae iiaeaioiaee e aeecie.
Iiyoiio iie eiatho aaiaoe/aneoth naycue ni anaie aeaeaie aeayoaeueiinoe
/aeiaaea e aunooiatho eae niaoeeoe/anee aeaoneay oi?ia e iiciaiey, e
o?oaea, e iauaiey, e eneonnoaa, e nii?oa. Ionthaea e iacaaiey ea?:
iiciaaaoaeueiua, eioaeeaeooaeueiua, no?ieoaeueiua, ea?a-o?oae,
ea?a-iauaiea, iocueaeueiua ea?u, ooaeiaeanoaaiiua, ea?u-ae?aiaoecaoeee,
iiaeaeaeiua, nii?oeaiua…
I?eiyoi ?acee/aoue aeaa iniiaiuo oeia ea?: ea?u n oeene?iaaiiuie,
ioe?uouie i?aaeeaie e ea?u ni ne?uouie i?aaeeaie. I?eia?ii ea? ia?aiai
oeia yaeyaony aieueoeinoai aeeaeaeoe/aneeo, iiciaaaoaeueiuo e
iiaeaeaeiuo ea?, nthaea ioiinyo oaeaea ?acaeaathuea eioaeeaeooaeueiua,
iocueaeueiua, ea?u-caaaau, aoo?aeoeeiiu.
Ei aoi?iio oeio ioiinyo ea?u nthaeaoii-?ieaaua. I?aaeea a ieo
nouanoaotho iayaii. Iie — a ii?iao iiaaaeaiey aini?iecaiaeeiuo aa?iaa:
aeieoi? nai naaa ia noaaeo a?aaeoniee, iannaaee? ia eaoaao a eaaeia
eao/eea.
Aeeaeaeoe/aneea ea?u ?acee/athony ii iao/athuaio niaea?aeaieth,
iiciaaaoaeueiie aeayoaeueiinoe aeaoae, ea?iaui aeaenoaeyi e i?aaeeai,
i?aaiecaoeee e acaeiiioiioaieyi aeaoae, ii ?iee i?aiiaeaaaoaey.
Ia?a/eneaiiua i?eciaee i?enoue anai ea?ai, ii a iaeieo io/aoeeaaa
aunooiatho iaeie, a ae?oaeo — eiua.
A ?acee/iuo nai?ieeao oeacaii aieaa 500 aeeaeaeoe/aneeo ea?, ii /aoeay
eeanneoeeaoeey ea? ii aeaeai ionoonoaoao. *anoi ea?u niioiinyony n
niaea?aeaieai iao/aiey e ainieoaiey. A yoie eeanneoeeaoeee iiaeii
i?aaenoaaeoue neaaeothuea oeiu ea?:
· ea?u ii naini?iiio ainieoaieth,
· neiaaniua ea?u,
· ea?u ii iciaeiieaieth n i?e?iaeie,
· ii oi?ie?iaaieth iaoaiaoe/aneeo i?aaenoaaeaiee
· e ae?.
Eiiaaea ea?u niioiinyony n iaoa?eaeii:
· ea?u n aeeaeaeoe/aneeie ea?ooeaie,
· ianoieueii-ia/aoiua ea?u,
· neiaaniua ea?u,
· inaaaeinthaeaoiua ea?u.
Oaeay a?oiie?iaea ea? iiae/a?eeaaao eo iai?aaeaiiinoue ia iao/aiea,
iiciaaaoaeueioth aeayoaeueiinoue aeaoae, ii ia ?ane?uaaao a aeinoaoi/iie
ia?a iniiau aeeaeaeoe/aneie ea?u — iniaaiiinoae ea?iaie aeayoaeueiinoe
aeaoae, ea?iauo caaea/, ea?iauo aeaenoaee e i?aaee, i?aaiecaoeeth aeecie
aeaoae, ?oeiaiaenoai ainieoaoaey.
Oneiaii iiaeii auaeaeeoue ianeieueei oeiia aeeaeaeoe/aneeo ea?,
na?oiie?iaaiiuo ii aeaeo aeayoaeueiinoe o/aueony.
· Ea?u-iooaoanoaey.
· Ea?u-ii?o/aiey.
· Ea?u-i?aaeiieiaeaiey.
· Ea?u-caaaaeee.
· Ea?u-aanaaeu (ea?u-aeeaeiae).
Ea?u-iooaoanoaey eiatho noiaenoai ni neaceie, aa ?acaeoeai, /oaeanaie.
Ea?a-iooaoanoaea io?aaeaao ?aaeueiua oaeou eee niauoey, ii iau/iia
?ane?uaaao /a?ac iaiau/iia, i?inoia—/a?ac caaaaei/iia, o?oaeiia — /a?ac
i?aiaeieeiia, iaiaoiaeeiia — /a?ac eioa?aniia. Ana yoi i?ienoiaeeo a
ea?a, a ea?iauo aeaenoaeyo, noaiiaeony aeeceei ?aaaieo, ?aaeoao aai.
Oeaeue ea?u-iooaoanoaey—oneeeoue aia/aoeaiea, i?eaeaoue
iiciaaaoaeueiiio niaea?aeaieth /ooue-/ooue neaci/ioth iaiau/iinoue,
ia?aoeoue aieiaiea aeaoae ia oi, /oi iaoiaeeony ?yaeii, ii ia caia/aaony
eie. Ea?u-iooaoanoaey iaino?ytho aieiaiea, iaaethaeaoaeueiinoue,
iniuneaiea ea?iauo caaea/, iaeaa/atho i?aiaeieaiea o?oaeiinoae e
aeinoeaeaiea oniaoa.
Ea?u-iooaoanoaey anaaaea ianeieueei ?iiaioe/iu. Eiaiii yoi aucuaaao
eioa?an e aeoeaiia o/anoea a ?acaeoee nthaeaoa ea?u, iaiaauaiea ea?iauo
aeaenoaee, no?aieaiea iaeaaeaoue i?aaeeaie ea?u e iieo/eoue ?acoeueoao:
?aoeoue caaea/o, /oi-oi ociaoue, /aio-oi iao/eoueny.
?ieue iaaeaaiaa a ea?a neiaeia, o?aaoao ciaiee, aioiaiinoe ioaaoeoue ia
aii?inu aeaoae, ea?ay n ieie, aanoe i?ioeann iao/aiey iacaiaoii.
Ea?a-iooaoanoaea — ea?a aeaenoaey, iunee, /oanoa ?aaaiea, oi?ia
oaeiaeaoai?aiey aai iio?aaiinoae a ciaiee.
A iacaaiee ea?u, a oi?ioee?iaea ea?iaie caaea/e aeieaeiu auoue “ciaouea
neiaa”, aucuaathuea eioa?an aeaoae, aeoeaioth ea?iaoth aeayoaeueiinoue.
A ea?a-iooaoanoaee eniieuecothony iiiaea niiniau ?ane?uoey
iiciaaaoaeueiiai niaea?aeaiey a ni/aoaiee n ea?iaie aeayoaeueiinoueth:
iinoaiiaea caaea/, iiyniaiea niiniaia aa ?aoaiey, eiiaaea ?ac?aaioea
ia?o?ooia iooaoanoaey, iiyoaiiia ?aoaiea caaea/, ?aaeinoue io aa
?aoaiey, niaea?aeaoaeueiue ioaeuo. A ninoaa ea?u-iooaoanoaey eiiaaea
aoiaeeo ianiy, caaaaeee, iiaea?ee e iiiaia ae?oaia.
Ea?u-iooaoanoaey eiiaaea iai?aaeeueii ioiaeaeanoaeythony n yeneo?neyie.
Nouanoaaiiia ?acee/ea eo caeeth/aaony a oii, /oi yeneo?ney — oi?ia
i?yiiai iao/aiey e ?aciiaeaeiinoue caiyoee. Oeaeueth yeneo?nee /aua
anaai yaeyaony iciaeiieaiea n /ai-oi, o?aaothuei iaiin?aaenoaaiiiai
iaaethaeaiey, n?aaiaiey n oaea ecaanoiui.
Eiiaaea ea?o-iooaoanoaea ioiaeaeanoaeytho n i?iaoeeie. Ii i?iaoeea /aua
anaai eiaao icaei?iaeoaeueiua oeaee. Iiciaaaoaeueiia niaea?aeaiea iiaeao
auoue e ia i?iaoeea, ii iii yaeyaony ia iniiaiui, a niioonoaothuei.
Ea?u-ii?o/aiey eiatho oa aea no?oeoo?iua yeaiaiou, /oi e
ea?u-iooaoanoaey, ii ii niaea?aeaieth iie i?iua e ii
i?iaeieaeeoaeueiinoe ei?i/a. A iniiaa eo eaaeao aeaenoaey n i?aaeiaoaie,
ea?ooeaie, neiaaniua ii?o/aiey. Ea?iaay caaea/a e ea?iaua aeaenoaey a
ieo iniiaaiu ia i?aaeeiaeaiee /oi-oi naeaeaoue: “Iiiiae Ao?aoeii
?annoaaeoue ciaee i?aieiaiey”, “I?iaa?ue aeiiaoiaa caaeaiea o Iaciaeee”.
Ea?u-i?aaeiieiaeaiey “*oi auei au..?” eee “*oi au y naeaeae…”, “Eai au
oioae auoue e ii/aio?”, “Eiai au aua?ae a ae?ocuey?” e ae?. Eiiaaea
ia/aeii oaeie ea?u iiaeao iineoaeeoue ea?oeiea.
Aeeaeaeoe/aneia niaea?aeaiea ea?u caeeth/aaony a oii, /oi ia?aae
aeaoueie noaaeony caaea/a e nicaeaaony neooaoeey, o?aaothuay iniuneaiey
iineaaeothuaai aeaenoaey. Ea?iaay caaea/a caeiaeaia a naiii iacaaiee
“*oi auei au..?” eee “*oi au y naeaeae…”. Ea?iaua aeaenoaey
ii?aaeaeythony caaea/ae e o?aaotho io aeaoae oeaeaniia?aciiai
i?aaeiieaaaaiiai aeaenoaey a niioaaonoaee n iinoaaeaiiuie oneiaeyie eee
nicaeaiiuie ianoiyoaeuenoaaie.
Aeaoe auneacuaatho i?aaeiieiaeaiey, eiinoaoe?othuea eee
iaiauaiii-aeieacaoaeueiua. Yoe ea?u o?aaotho oiaiey niioianoe ciaiey n
ianoiyoaeuenoaaie, onoaiiaeaiey i?e/eiiuo naycae. A ieo niaea?aeeony e
ni?aaiiaaoaeueiue yeaiaio: “Eoi auno?aa niia?aceo?”.
Ea?u-caaaaeee. Aicieeiiaaiea caaaaeie ooiaeeo a aeaeaeia i?ioeia.
Caaaaeee nicaeaaaeenue naiei ia?iaeii, aoiaeeee a ia?yaeu, ?eooaeu,
aeeth/aeenue a i?acaeieee. Iie eniieueciaaeenue aeey i?iaa?ee ciaiee,
iaoiae/eainoe. A yoii e caeeth/aaony i/aaeaeiay iaaeaaiae/aneay
iai?aaeaiiinoue e iiioey?iinoue caaaaeie eae oiiiai ?acaea/aiey.
A ianoiyuaa a?aiy caaaaeee, caaaaeuaaiea e ioaaaeuaaiea,
?anniao?eaathony eae aeae iao/athuae ea?u.
Iniiaiui i?eciaeii caaaaeee yaeyaony caiuneiaaoia iienaiea, eioi?ia
ioaeii ?anoeo?iaaoue (ioaaaeaoue e aeieacaoue). Iienaiea yoi eaeiie/ii e
ia?aaeei ioi?ieyaony a aeaea aii?ina eee caeai/eaaaony ei. Aeaaiie
iniaaiiinoueth caaaaeie yaeyaony eiae/aneay caaea/a. Niiniau iino?iaiey
eiae/aneeo caaea/ ?acee/iu, ii ana iie aeoeaece?otho oinoaaiioth
aeayoaeueiinoue ?aaaiea. Aeaoyi i?aayony ea?u-caaaaeee. Iaiaoiaeeiinoue
n?aaieaaoue, i?eiiieiaoue, aeoiaoue, aeiaaaeuaaoueny—aeinoaaeyao
?aaeinoue oinoaaiiiai o?oaea. ?acaaaeuaaiea caaaaeie ?acaeaaao
niiniaiinoue e aiaeeco, iaiauaieth, oi?ie?oao oiaiea ?annoaeaeaoue,
aeaeaoue auaiaeu, oiicaeeth/aiey.
Ea?u-aanaaeu (aeeaeiae). A iniiaa ea?u-aanaaeu eaaeeo iauaiea iaaeaaiaa
n aeaoueie, aeaoae n iaaeaaiaii e aeaoae ae?oa n ae?oaii. Yoi iauaiea
eiaao iniaue oa?aeoa? ea?iaiai iao/aiey e ea?iaie aeayoaeueiinoe aeaoae.
A ea?a-aanaaea ainieoaoaeue /anoi eaeao ia io naay, a io aeeceiai aeaoyi
ia?niiaaea e oai naiui ia oieueei nio?aiyao ea?iaia iauaiea, ii e
oneeeaaao ?aaeinoue aai, aeaeaiea iiaoi?eoue ea?o. Iaeiaei ea?a-aanaaea
oaeo a naaa iianiinoue oneeaiey i?eaiia i?yiiai iao/aiey.
Ainieoaoaeueii-iao/athuaa cia/aiea caeeth/aii a niaea?aeaiee
nthaeaoa—oaiu ea?u, a aicaoaeaeaiee eioa?ana e oai eee eiui aniaeoai
iauaeoa eco/aiey, io?aaeaiiiai a ea?a. Iiciaaaoaeueiia niaea?aeaiea ea?u
ia eaaeeo “ia iiaa?oiinoe”: aai ioaeii iaeoe, aeiauoue—naeaeaoue
ioe?uoea e a ?acoeueoaoa /oi-oi ociaoue.
Oeaiiinoue ea?u-aanaaeu caeeth/aaony a oii, /oi iia i?aaeuyaeyao
o?aaiaaiey e aeoeaecaoeee yiioeeiiaeueii-iuneeoaeueiuo i?ioeannia:
aaeeinoaa neiaa, aeaenoaey, iunee e aiia?aaeaiey aeaoae. Ea?a-aanaaea
ainieouaaao oiaiea neooaoue e neuoaoue aii?inu o/eoaey, aii?inu e ioaaou
aeaoae, oiaiea nin?aaeioi/eaaoue aieiaiea ia niaea?aeaiee ?acaiai?a,
aeiiieiyoue neacaiiia, auneacuaaoue noaeaeaiea. Ana yoi oa?aeoa?ecoao
aeoeaiue iiene ?aoaiey iinoaaeaiiie ea?ie caaea/e. Iaiaeia cia/aiea
eiaao oiaiea o/anoaiaaoue a aanaaea, /oi oa?aeoa?ecoao o?iaaiue
ainieoaiiinoe.
Iniiaiui n?aaenoaii ea?u-aanaaeu yaeyaony neiai, neiaaniue ia?ac,
anooieoaeueiue ?anneac i /ai-oi. ?acoeueoaoii ea?u yaeyaony
oaeiaieuenoaea, iieo/aiiia aeaoueie.
Ia?a/eneaiiuie oeiaie ea? ia en/a?iuaaaony, eiia/ii, aanue niaeo?
aiciiaeiuo ea?iauo iaoiaeee. Iaeiaei ia i?aeoeea iaeaieaa /anoi
eniieuecothony oeacaiiua ea?u, eeai a “/enoii” aeaea, eeai a ni/aoaiee n
ae?oaeie aeaeaie ea?: iiaeaeaeiuie, nthaeaoii-?ieaauie e ae?.
2. I?aaiecaoeey e i?iaaaeaiea aeeaeaeoe/aneeo ea?.
Oaeei ia?acii, iu aeaeei, /oi a iniiaa ethaie ea?iaie iaoiaeeee
i?iaiaeeiie ia caiyoeyo aeieaeiu eaaeaoue neaaeothuea i?eioeeiu:
· Aeooaeueiinoue aeeaeaeoe/aneiai iaoa?eaea (aeooaeueiua oi?ioee?iaee
iaoaiaoe/aneeo caaea/, iaaeyaeiua iiniaey e ae?.) nianoaaiii iiiiaaao
aeaoyi aini?eieiaoue caaeaiey eae ea?o, /oanoaiaaoue caeioa?aniaaiiinoue
a iieo/aiee aa?iiai ?acoeueoaoa, no?aieoueny e eo/oaio ec aiciiaeiuo
?aoaiee.
· Eieeaeoeaiinoue iicaieyao nieioeoue aeaoneee eieeaeoea a aaeeioth
a?oiio, a aaeeiue i?aaieci, niiniaiue ?aoaoue caaea/e aieaa aunieiai
o?iaiy, iaaeaee aeinooiiua iaeiiio ?aaaieo, e ca/anooth – aieaa
neiaeiua.
· Ni?aaiiaaoaeueiinoue nicaeaao o o/auaainy eee a?oiiu o/aueony
no?aieaiea auiieieoue caaeaiea auno?aa e ea/anoaaiiaa eiieo?aioa, /oi
iicaieyao nie?aoeoue a?aiy ia auiieiaiea caaeaiey n iaeiie noi?iiu, e
aeiaeoueny ?aaeueii i?eaieaiiai ?acoeueoaoa n ae?oaie. Eeanne/aneei
i?eia?ii oeacaiiuo auoa i?eioeeiia iiaoo neoaeeoue i?aeoe/anee ethaua
eiiaiaeiua ea?u: “*oi? Aaea? Eiaaea?” (iaeia iieiaeia caaeaao aii?inu –
ae?oaay ioaa/aao ia ieo).
Ia iniiaa oeacaiiuo i?eioeeiia iiaeii noi?ioee?iaaoue o?aaiaaiey e
i?iaiaeeiui ia caiyoeyo aeeaeaeoe/aneei ea?ai, i?eaaaeaiiua a
Aeeaeaeoe/aneea ea?u aeieaeiu aace?iaaoueny ia ciaeiiuo aeaoyi ea?ao. N
yoie oeaeueth aaaeii iaaethaeaoue ca aeaoueie, auyaeyoue eo ethaeiua
ea?u, aiaeece?iaaoue eaeea ea?u aeaoyi i?aayony aieueoa, eaeea iaiueoa.
· Eaaeaeay ea?a aeieaeia niaea?aeaoue yeaiaio iiaeciu.
· Iaeuecy iaaycuaaoue aeaoyi ea?o, eioi?ay eaaeaony iieaciie, ea?a —
aeaei aeia?iaieueiia. ?aayoa aeieaeiu eiaoue aiciiaeiinoue ioeacaoueny
io ea?u, anee iia ei ia i?aaeony, e aua?aoue ae?oaoth ea?o.
· Ea?a — ia o?ie. Ea?iaie i?eai, aeeth/athuee aeaoae a iiaoth oaio,
yeaiaio ni?aaiiaaiey, caaaaeea, iooaoanoaea a neaceo e iiiaia ae?oaia, …
—yoi ia oieueei iaoiaee/aneia aiaaonoai o/eoaey, ii e iauay, aiaaoay
aia/aoeaieyie ?aaioa aeaoae ia caiyoee.
· Yiioeeiiaeueiia ninoiyiea o/eoaey aeieaeii niioaaonoaiaaoue oie
aeayoaeueiinoe, a eioi?ie ii o/anoaoao. A ioee/ea io anao ae?oaeo
iaoiaee/aneeo n?aaenoa ea?a o?aaoao iniaiai ninoiyiey io oiai, eoi aa
i?iaiaeeo. Iaiaoiaeeii ia oieueei oiaoue i?iaiaeeoue ea?o, ii e ea?aoue
aianoa n aeaoueie.
· Ea?a — n?aaenoai aeeaaiinoeee. ?aaaiie ?ane?uaaaony a ea?a ai anao
naieo eo/oeo e ia eo/oeo ea/anoaao.
Ie a eiai neo/aa iaeuecy i?eiaiyoue aeenoeeieeia?iua ia?u e aeaoyi,
ia?ooeaoei i?aaeea ea?u eee ea?iaoth aoiinoa?o. Yoi iiaeao auoue eeoue
iiaiaeii aeey aeia?iaeaeaoaeueiiai ?acaiai?a, iauyniaiey, a aua eo/oa,
eiaaea, nia?aaoenue aianoa, aeaoe aiaeece?otho, ?acae?atho, eoi eae
i?iyaee naay a ea?a e eae iaaei auea au ecaaaeaoue eiioeeeoa.
3. Aeeaeaeoe/aneea ea?u i?e iao/aiee a?aiioa.
Enoiaey ec anoanoaaiiie eiaeee iao/aiey aeaoae a?aiioa: caoe – aoeaa,
/oaiea – ienueii, ana aeeaeaeoe/aneea ea?u ?acaeaeaiu niioaaonoaaiii ia
/aou?a a?oiiu: oiiaoe/aneea, a?aoe/aneea, a?aiiaoe/aneea, ea?u,
?acaeaathuea naycioth onoioth ?a/ue.
O/aaiie caaea/ae i?iaaaeaiey ea? a ia?eiae iao/aiey a?aiioa noaaeony
oi?ie?iaaiea oiiaiaoe/aneiai neooa a ?acee/iuo aai i?iyaeaieyo:
1) Onoaiiaeaiea eco/aaiiai caoea a neiaao (“*ae aieinie”), ii?aaeaeaiea
ianoa caoea (“Aaea ni?yoaeny caoe ?”).
2) I?eaeoiuaaiea neia ia caaeaiiue neia a ii?aaeaeaiiie iiceoeee. ?a ia
Ii ?a ?a ia Ei ?a
3) Ninoaaeaiea noai neiaia – neeyiee n eniieueciaaieai oeaaoa: neiaai
(oaa?aeue niaeaniue), caeaiiai (iyaeee niaeaniue), e?aniiai (aeaniue). A
oaeaea ia?aoiia caaeaiea: ii aeaiiie noaia iacaaoue neia.
4) Ea?a “AEeaua aoeau”. Aeaoyi auaeathony aoeau, iie aeieaeiu iaeoe
ia?o, i?e/ai oae, /oi au iieo/eeny neia (ii iii?iie niaeaniie eee
aeaniie).
5) Ninoaaeaiea neiaai ii ea?oeieai n auaeaeaieai ia?auo caoeia,
iineaaeieo, aoi?uo io ia/aea neiaa. Iai?eia?, aeaiu ea?oeiee, ia eioi?uo
ecia?aaeaiu oea?, ieaiue. Aeaoe ninoaaeytho neia ii ia?aui caoeai
(O),(I), i?eaeoiuaatho neiaa n aeaiiui neiaii oi-ii?, oi – aa?eu. Caoai
iaiytho ea?oeiee ianoaie, auyniytho, eaeie oaia?ue iieo/eeny neia (neia
io).
Aeaoe aniiieiatho neiaa n yoei neiaii: ioaao, ioaeuo – a ia/aea neiaa,
eio, iio – a eiioea. Aeaeaa i?iaiaeeony ?aaioa ni neiaii. Aeaoae
ciaeiiyo n iiiyoeai “neiai”. Neiaa auaatho ei?ioeea e aeeeiiua. Naiua
ei?ioeea – nithcu e i?aaeeiae, ninoiyuea ec iaeiie aoeau O,E,E,A,N. Aeey
oyniaiey eaene/aneiai cia/aiey neiaa aeathony ?aciua caaeaiey.
1) Iiaeai? ioaeiiai neiaa e niuneiaiio ?yaeo: ii iii?iui i?eciaeai –
iooenoay, ?uaeay, oeo?ay… (eena).
2) Iaiauaiea iiiyoey: eaeia neiai eeoiea e ii/aio ? (eaoi, inaiue,
iaaeaey).
3) Aeiaaaeaiea ioaeiiai neiaa (Iaeueoi, oaiea, oa?o-…).
4) Iacuaaiea iauaai neiaa.(noie, nooe, oeao-…).
Aeaeaiea neia ia neiae, iiaen/ao eiee/anoaa neiaia a neiaa auaeaeaiea
oaea?iiai neiaa. I?inooeeaaiea aeaoo neiaia, auaeaeyy oaea?iue neia
a?iieei nooeii. Aeaoe iiaeae?atho neiai n oaeei aea eiee/anoaii neiaia e
n oaea?aieai ia oii aea neiaa: aania, ceia, eaoi, inaiue.
Iiaeai? neia e caaeaiiui noaiai n aeaniuie aoeaaie:
a a a i i i i a
?ae ?a ia ii ei ei i
na
Ninoaaeaiea neiaa ec aeaiiuo neiaia (neiae aeaiu a ?annuiioth).
Eneeth/aiea eeoiaai neiaa: aonue, aonaiie, aonuiy, aonae, aonaieoea.
Iiaeai? e aeaiiiio neiao ?iaenoaaiiuo neia: niaa, niaaeie, niaaeiay,
niaaiaee, niaaioiae, niaaicaaea?aeaiea. Caiaia a neiaa iaeiiai caoea
(aoeau) aeey iieo/aiey iiaiai neiaa: ii?a, ei?a, ii?a, ai?a. *oaiea neia
a ia?aoiii ii?yaeea: nii, oaeao.
Ea?a “Eoi auno?aa, eoi aieueoa ?”. Ec eaaeaeie aoeau aeaiiiai neiaa
i?eaeoiaoue ae?oaea neiaa: ineee, ina, neii, einue, eaieaa, ei?iaa.
Ea?a “Eoi aieueoa i?eaeoiaao neia ec aeaiiiai neiaa, eniieuecoy oieueei
yoe aoeau ?”. Iai?eia?: a?aiioae (aa?ie, ii?a, oaia, ia?o, ai?a, ?io,
iaa, oi?a, aai).
Iiaeai? neiiieiia, aioiieiia, aiiieiia.
1) O?oae, ?aaioa;
2) Aeaiue-ii/ue, aunieee – ieceee, aeaeaei – aeecei, aaaeaoue –
oiaeeoue.
3) Eene/ea a?ea, eene/ea aeeaioiia.
Ea?a “Neiaee neiaa/ei”. Eaeea aeaa neiaa ni?yoaeenue a iaeiii ?
Naiieao (nai eaoaao), eenoiiaae (eenouey iaaeatho), iueanin (iueue
ninao). Oaeei ia?acii, eniieueciaaiea a o/aaiii i?ioeanna ea? e ?aciuo
caaeaiee, nicaeaiea ia o?iea ea?iaie neooaoeee i?eaiaeeo e oiio, /oi
aeaoe ia caiaoii aeey naay e aac iniaiai iai?yaeaiey i?eia?aoatho
ii?aaeaeaiiua ciaiey, oiaiey, iaauee.
O/eouaay aa?eaoeaiinoue ioaeaeueiuo ea?, enoiaey ec aiciiaeiinoae
a?oiiu, ainieoaoaeue iiaeao aua?aoue iaiaoiaeeiua aeey o?iea
oi?aaeiaiea. Oaeea eae: “Ia /oi iioiaea aoeaa”, “O/einy ea?ay”,
“Caieiaoaeueiue iaoa?eae (nei?iaiai?ee, caaaaeee, iineiaeoeu e oae
aeaeaa)”, “Neiaa?ue (e?ueaoua neiaa e au?aaeaiey, i?ienoiaeaeaiea
neia)”.
*oiau aeaoe eo/oa caiiieiaee aoeao iiaeii i?aaeeiaeeoue ei ii
oaioace?iaaoue, ia /oi iia iioiaea, aueiaeeoue aa ec n/aoiuo iaei/ae,
auueiaoue ec aoiaae, au?acaoue ec aaeaia neiaeaiiiai eenoea, i?aia?acoy
oaea ecaanoiua aoeau (iai?eia?, ae(aeoe) iieo/aaony ec e, o – ec ?, o –
ec a). Aeaoe aeiienuaatho iaaeinoathuea yeaiaiou aoea, ea?ay a “Iinoaaue
aoeau i?aaeeueii”.
“Caoeiaua” ea?u (“Eoi aieiaoaeueiaa?” – ia auaeaeaiea e ii?aaeaeaiea
caoea, “Eoi aieueoa?” – ia ninoaaeaiea neiaa n eco/aiiui caoeii e oae
aeaeaa) ?acaeaatho oiiaiaoe/aneee neoo ?aaaiea, oi?ie?otho oiaiea
niciaoaeueii auiieiyoue caoeiaie aiaeec neiaa, ?acaeaatho iaiyoue,
aieiaiea, iaaethaeaoaeueiinoue. A ea?ao oeia “Aeineaaeeoa neiaa/ei”
iaeuoe ia oieueei eioa?anothony caoeiaie noi?iiie neiaa (iienee ?eoia,
e?aniou cao/aiey), ii e na?ueacii caaeoiuaathony iaae aai niuneii,
au?aceoaeueiinoueth. A ea?ao “Oii – Oei” (eee “Eaiaiue-Aaoa”) aeaoe
noa?athony aacioeai/ii auiieiyoue caaeaiea ii ?acee/aieth oaa?aeiai eee
iyaeiai niaeaniiai. Iiaeii i?iaanoe ea?o “Ia?aeee/ea”, i?aaeeaaay
anoaaaoue oieueei oai aeaoyi, a eiaie eee oaieeee eioi?uo anoue
eco/aaiue caoe. Yoi aoaeao iaeiia?aiaiii e iaeaiueeie oeceoeueoieiooeie.
Noeoioai?iay oi?ia neiaa?iiai iaoa?eaea (aanaeua noeoe, ?eoiiaaiiua
oi?aaeiaiey, i?aaeea a noeoao e oae aeaeaa) aeaaioai?ii aeeytho ia
au?aaioeo iioeiaeueiiai oaiia e ?eoia ?a/e, eniiaeaieue ?acaeaay eioa?an
e noeoai, e iiycee, ?onneie ?a/e, ycueo.
?acaeaaoue aeaoyi oiiaiaoe/aneee neoo e iaiyoue, eae aaaeii i?aaeeueii
i?ieciineoue eaaeaeue caoe a neiaa, iiiiaatho nei?iaiai?ee. Iaaei
o?aie?iaaoueny a i?ieciioaiee caoeia, cao/eaaoue nei?iaiai?ee,
i?iaiaa?eaay eo nia/aea iaaeeaiii e a?iiei, iioii oeoa e auno?aa, ii/oe
oaiioii. Ia eaaeaeii caiyoee aeaoe aeieaeiu auo/eoue iaeio aeaa
nei?iaiai?ee. Eniieuecoy nei?iaiai?ee, /enoiaiai?ee, n/eoaeee, aanaeua
noeoe, o/eoaeue cae?aieyao i?aaeeueiia i?ieciioaiea aeaoueie caoeia,
io?aaaouaaao aeeeoeeth, niinianoaoao e ?acaeoeth aieiniaiai aiia?aoa,
oaiia ?a/e.
I/aiue ethayo aeioeieueieee neooaoue neacee i?eeeth/aiey aoea,
ni/eiyoue naie. Neaci/iay oi?ia iicaieyao aanoe iaiau/iua neaci/iua
neooaoeee. *a?ac neaci/iua yeaiaiou ainieoaoaeue iiaeao iaeoe iooue a
noa?o yiioeee ?aaaiea. Ano?a/a aeaoae n aa?iyie neacie ia inoaaeyao eo
?aaiiaeooiuie. A ainoe e aeaoyi i?eoiaeyo, i?aaeeaaay eioa?aniua ea?u,
neaci/iua ia?niiaaee, iai?eia?, i?e eco/aiee aoeau A – Aeaieeo, A –
Aaeiniaaeea, A – AeiieIoo,A – Aiiieee e oae aeaeaa, eee Aanaeua
/aeiaa/eee: Iao?ooea – oiiue e iaoiae/eaue, caia/aoaeueiue aeoa? e
aanaeue/ae; Io?ceeea, i?eiinyuee a naiai ii?ooaea caieiaoaeueiue
iaoa?eae a aeaea ?aaonia, e?innai?aeia, oa?aae. I?eoiaeeo a ainoe e
?aayoai e aanaeue Ea?aiaeao, oiathuee ?eniaaoue aieoaaiua ea?oeiee,
eioi?ua iaeeaatho n iiiiuueth aeaoae. E?iia oiai, o iaai anaaaea iiiai
eioa?aniuo enoi?ee, neacie i?i aoeau. Eiiaaea i?eoiaeeo e Iaciaeea,
ici?iie, niaoiie, ii oaeeo, eaieony e ia oi/ao caieiaoueny, aeaeaao
ioeaee.
AEaeaiea iiii/ue iiiaaoaio a aaaeo aa?ith, ?acia?aoueny a neaci/iie
neooaoeee – ana yoi noeioee?oao oinoaaiioth aeayoaeueiinoue ?aaaiea,
?acaeaaao eioa?an e i?aaeiaoo, iaaethaeaoaeueiinoue, ainnicaeathuaa
aiia?aaeaiea, niiniaiinoue e niia?aaeeaaieth, ia?acioth iaiyoue, /oanoai
thii?a, oi?ie?oao oiaiea iaeaaeaaaoue ioeaii/iie oa?ieiieiaeae (oeo?ue,
aeoiue, aeaaeiu e oae aeaeaa), ?iaeaeaao oiaiea oaeeaeyoueny, aeaeaoue a
iau/iii iaiau/iia.
4. I?eia?u ea? ii oi?ie?iaaieth iaoaiaoe/aneeo i?aaenoaaeaiee o
aeioeieueieeia.
Aeeaeaeoe/aneea ea?u ii oi?ie?iaaieth iaoaiaoe/aneeo i?aaenoaaeaiee
oneiaii aeaeyony ia neaaeothuea a?oiiu:
1. Ea?u n oeeo?aie e /eneaie
2. Ea?u iooaoanoaea ai a?aiaie
3. Ea?u ia i?eaioe?iaaiea a i?ino?ainoaa
4. Ea?u n aaiiao?e/aneeie oeao?aie
5. Ea?u ia eiae/aneia iuoeaiea
E ia?aie a?oiia ea? ioiineony iao/aiea aeaoae n/aoo a i?yiii e ia?aoiii
ii?yaeea. Eniieuecoy neaci/iue nthaeao aeaoae ciaeiiyo n ia?aciaaieai
anao /enae a i?aaeaeao 10, iooai n?aaieaaiey ?aaiuo e ia?aaiuo a?oii
i?aaeiaoia. N?aaieaathony aeaa a?oiiu i?aaeiaoia, ?aniieiaeaiiua oi ia
ieaeiae, oi ia aa?oiae iieinea n/aoiie eeiaeee. Yoi aeaeaaony aeey oiai,
/oiau o aeaoae ia aicieeaei ioeai/iia i?aaenoaaeaiea i oii, /oi aieueoaa
/enei anaaaea iaoiaeeony ia aa?oiae iieina, a iaiueoaa ia – ieaeiae.
Ea?ay a oaeea aeeaeaeoe/aneea ea?u eae “Eaeie oeeo?u ia noaei?”,
“Neieueei?”, “Iooaieoea?”, “Eni?aaue ioeaeo”, “Oae?aai oeeo?u”, “Iaciae
ninaaeae”, aeaoe o/aony naiaiaeii iia?e?iaaoue /eneaie a i?aaeaeao 10 e
nii?iaiaeaeaoue neiaaie naie aeaenoaey.
Aeeaeaeoe/aneea ea?u, oaeea eae “Caaeoiae /enei”, “*enei eae oaay
ciaoo?”, “Ninoaaue oaaee/eo”, “Ninoaaue oeeo?o”, “Eoi ia?aue iaciaao,
eioi?ie ea?ooee ia noaei?” e iiiaea ae?oaea eniieuecothony ia
caiyoeyo a naiaiaeiia a?aiy, n oeaeueth ?acaeoey o aeaoae aieiaiey,
iaiyoe, iuoeaiey.
Ea?a “N/eoae ia ioeaenue!”, iiiiaaao onaiaieth ii?yaeea neaaeiaaiey
/enae iaoo?aeueiiai ?yaea, oi?aaeiaiey a i?yiii e ia?aoiii n/aoa. A ea?a
eniieuecoaony iy/. Aeaoe anoatho iieoe?oaii. Ia?aae ia/aeii ea?u
ainieoaoaeai caaeaaony aii?in, a eaeii ii?yaeea (i?yiii eee ia?aoiii)
n/eoaoue. Caoai a?inaaony iy/ e iacuaaaony /enei. Oio, eoi iieiae iy/,
i?iaeieaeaao n/eoaoue aeaeueoa, Ea?a i?ioiaeeo a auno?ii oaiia, caaeaiey
iiaoi?ythony iiiaie?aoii, /oiau aeaoue aiciiaeiinoue eae iiaeii
aieueoaio eiee/anoao aeaoae i?eiyoue a iae o/anoea. Oaeia ?aciiia?acea
aeeaeaeoe/aneeo ea?, oi?aaeiaiee, eniieuecoaiuo ia caiyoeyo e a
naiaiaeiia a?aiy, iiiiaaao aeaoyi onaieoue i?ia?aiiiue iaoa?eae. Aeey
iiaee?aieaiey ii?yaeeiaiai n/aoa iiiiaatho oaaeeoeu, ni neaci/iuie
aa?iyie, iai?aaeythueieny e Aeie – Iooo a ainoe. Eoi aoaeao ia?aue? Eoi
eaeao aoi?ie e o.ae.
Aoi?ay a?oiia iaoaiaoe/aneeo ea? (ea?u – iooaoanoaea ai a?aiaie) neoaeeo
aeey ciaeiinoaa aeaoae n aeiyie iaaeaee. Iauyniyaony, /oi eaaeaeue
aeaiue iaaeaee eiaao naia iacaaiea. Aeey oiai, /oiau aeaoe eo/oa
caiiieiaee iacaaiea aeiae iaaeaee, iie iaicia/athony e?oaei/eaie
?aciiai oeaaoa. Iaaethaeaiea i?iaiaeeony ianeieueei iaaeaeue, iaicia/ay
e?oaei/eaie eaaeaeue aeaiue. Yoi aeaeaaony niaoeeaeueii aeey oiai, /oiau
aeaoe niiaee naiinoiyoaeueii naeaeaoue auaiae, /oi iineaaeiaaoaeueiinoue
aeiae iaaeaee iaeciaiia. Aeaoyi ?anneacuaaaony i oii, /oi a iacaaiee
aeiae iaaeaee oaaaeuaaaony, eaeie aeaiue iaaeaee ii n/aoo: iiiaaeaeueiee
– ia?aue aeaiue iinea ieii/aiey iaaeaee, aoi?iee- aoi?ie aeaiue, n?aaea
– na?aaeeia iaaeaee, /aoaa?a – /aoaa?oue aeaiue, iyoieoea – iyoue. Iinea
oaeie aanaaeu i?aaeeaaathony ea?u n oeaeueth cae?aieaiey iacaaiee aeiae
iaaeaee e eo iineaaeiaaoaeueiinoe. Aeaoe n oaeiaieuenoaeai ea?atho a
ea?o “AEeaay iaaeaey.” Aeey ea?u aucuaathony e aeinea 7 aeaoae,
ia?an/eouaathony ii ii?yaeeo e iieo/atho e?oaei/ee ?aciiai oeaaoa,
iaicia/athuea aeie iaaeaee. Aeaoe auno?aeaathony a oaeie
iineaaeiaaoaeueiinoe, eae ii ii?yaeeo eaeoo aeie iaaeaee. Iai?eia?,
ia?aue ?aaaiie n aeaeoui e?oaei/eii a ?oeao, iaicia/athuee ia?aue aeaiue
iaaeaee – iiiaaeaeueiee e o.ae.
Caoai ea?a oneiaeiyaony. Aeaoe no?ithony n ethaiai ae?oaiai aeiy
iaaeaee. A aeaeueiaeoai, iiaeii eniieueciaaoue neaaeothuea ea?u “Iaciae
nei?aa”, “Aeie iaaeaee”, “Iaciae i?iiouaiiia neiai”, “E?oaeue aiae”,
“Aeaaiaaeoeaoue ianyoeaa”, eioi?ua iiiiaatho aeaoyi auno?i caiiiieoue
iacaaiea aeiae iaaeaee e iacaaiea ianyoeaa, eo iineaaeiaaoaeueiinoue.
A o?aoueth a?oiio aoiaeyo ea?u ia i?eaioe?iaaiea a i?ino?ainoaa.
I?ino?ainoaaiiua i?aaenoaaeaiey aeaoae iinoiyiii ?anoe?ythony e
cae?aieythony a i?ioeanna anao aeaeia aeayoaeueiinoe. Caaea/ae iaaeaaiaa
yaeyaony iao/eoue aeaoae i?eaioe?iaaoueny a niaoeeaeueii nicaeaiiuo
i?ino?ainoaaiiuo neooaoeeyo e ii?aaeaeyoue naia ianoi ii caaeaiiiio
oneiaeth. I?e iiiiue aeeaeaeoe/aneeo ea? e oi?aaeiaiee aeaoe
iaeaaeaaatho oiaieai ii?aaeaeyoue neiaii iieiaeaiea oiai eee eiiai
i?aaeiaoa ii ioiioaieth e ae?oaiio. Iai?eia?, ni?aaa io eoeeu noieo
cayoe, neaaa io eoeeu – ie?aieaea e o.ae. Auae?aaony ?aaaiie e ea?ooea
i?y/aony ii ioiioaieth e iaio (ca nieio, ni?aaa, neaaa e o.ae.). Yoi
aucuaaao eioa?an o aeaoae e i?aaieciauaaao eo ia caiyoea. Aeey oiai,
/oiau caeioa?aniaaoue aeaoae, /oiau ?acoeueoao aue eo/oa, eniieuecothony
i?aaeiaoiua ea?u n iiyaeaieai eaeiai-eeai neaci/iiai aa?iy. Iai?eia?,
ea?a “Iaeaee ea?ooeo”, – “Ii/ueth, eiaaea a a?oiia ieeiai ia auei” –
aiai?eony aeaoyi, – “e iai i?eeaoae Ea?enii e i?eian a iiaea?ie ea?ooee.
Ea?enii ethaeo oooeoue, iiyoiio ii ni?yoae ea?ooee, a a ienueia iaienae
eae eo iiaeii iaeoe.” Caoai ?ania/aouaaaony ienueii, a eioi?ii
iaienaii: “Iaaei anoaoue ia?aae noieii ainieoaoaey, i?ieoe 3 oaaa
ai?aai e o.ae. ”. Aeaoe auiieiytho caaeaiea, iaoiaeyo ea?ooeo. Caoai,
caaeaiea oneiaeiyaony – o.a. a ienueia aeaaony ia iienaiea
ianoiiaoiaeaeaiey ea?ooee, a oieueei noaia. Ii noaia aeaoe aeieaeiu
ii?aaeaeeoue, aaea iaoiaeeony ni?yoaiiue i?aaeiao. Nouanoaoao iiiaeanoai
ea?, oi?aaeiaiee, niinianoaothueo ?acaeoeth i?ino?ainoaaiiiai
i?eaioe?iaaiey o aeaoae: “Iaeaee iioiaeoth”, “?anneaaee i?i naie oci?”,
“Ianoa?neay eia?ia”, “Ooaeiaeiee”, “Iooaoanoaea ii eiiiaoa” e iiiaea
ae?oaea ea?u. Ea?ay a ?anniio?aiiua ea?u aeaoe o/aony oiio?aaeyoue neiaa
aeey iaicia/aiey iieiaeaiey i?aaeiaoia.
Aeey cae?aieaiey ciaiee i oi?ia aaiiao?e/aneeo oeao? aeaoyi
i?aaeeaaaaony ociaoue a ie?oaeathueo i?aaeiaoao oi?io e?oaa,
o?aoaieueieea, eaaae?aoa. Iai?eia?, ni?aoeaaaony: “Eaeoth
aaiiao?e/aneoth oeao?o iaiiieiaao aeii oa?aeee?” (
iiaa?oiinoue e?uoee noiea, eeno aoiaae o.ae.). I?iaiaeeony ea?a oeia
“Eioi”. Aeaoyi i?aaeeaaathony ea?oeiee ( ii 3-4 oo. ia eaaeaeiai), ia
eioi?uo iie iouneeaatho oeao?o, iiaeiaioth oie, eioi?ay
aeaiiino?e?oaony. Caoai, i?aaeeaaaaony aeaoyi iacaaoue e ?anneacaoue,
/oi iie iaoee.
Aeeaeaeoe/aneoth ea?o “Aaiiao?e/aneay iicaeea” iiaeii eniieueciaaoue ia
caiyoeyo e a naiaiaeiia a?aiy, n oeaeueth cae?aieaiey ciaiee i
aaiiao?e/aneeo oeao?ao, n oeaeueth ?acaeoey aieiaiey e aiia?aaeaiey o
aeaoae.
Ia?aae ia/aeii ea?u aeaoe aeaeyony ia aeaa eiiaiaeu a niioaaonoaee n
o?iaiai eo oiaiee e iaaueia. Eiiaiaeai aeathony caaeaiey ?aciie
neiaeiinoe. Iai?eia?:
a) Ninoaaeaiea ecia?aaeaiey i?aaeiaoa ec aaiiao?e/aneeo oeao? (?aaioa ii
aioiaiio ?an/eaiaiiiio ia?acoeo)
a) ?aaioa ii oneiaeth (nia?aoue oeao?o /aeiaaea, aeaai/ea a ieaouea)
a) ?aaioa ii nianoaaiiiio caiuneo (i?inoi /aeiaaea)
Eaaeaeay eiiaiaea iieo/aao iaeeiaeiaua iaai?u aaiiao?e/aneeo oeao?.
Aeaoe naiinoiyoaeueii aeiaiaa?eaathony i niiniaao auiieiaiey caaeaiey, i
ii?yaeea ?aaiou. Eaaeaeue ea?athuee a eiiaiaea ii i/a?aaee o/anoaoao a
i?aia?aciaaiee aaiiao?e/aneie oeao?u, aeiaaaeyy naie yeaiaio, ninoaaeyy
ioaeaeueiue yeaiaio i?aaeiaoa ec ianeieueeeo oeao?. A caeeth/aiee aeaoe
aiaeece?otho naie oeao?u, iaoiaeyo noiaenoaa e ?acee/ey a ?aoaiee
eiino?oeoeaiiai caiunea.
Eniieueciaaiea aeaiiuo aeeaeaeoe/aneeo ea? niinianoaoao cae?aieaieth o
aeaoae iaiyoe, aieiaiey, iuoeaiey.
?anniio?ei aeeaeaeoe/aneea ea?u aeey ?acaeoey eiae/aneiai iuoeaiey. A
aeioeieueiii aic?anoa o aeaoae ia/eiatho oi?ie?iaaoueny yeaiaiou
eiae/aneiai iuoeaiey, o.a. oi?ie?oaony oiaiea ?annoaeaeaoue, aeaeaoue
naie oiicaeeth/aiey. Nouanoaoao iiiaeanoai aeeaeaeoe/aneeo ea? e
oi?aaeiaiee, eioi?ua aeeytho ia ?acaeoea oai?/aneeo niiniaiinoae o
aeaoae, oae eae iie ieacuaatho aeaenoaea ia aiia?aaeaiea e niinianoaotho
?acaeoeth ianoaiaea?oiiai iuoeaiey o aeaoae. Yoi oaeea ea?u eae “Iaeaee
ianoaiaea?oioth oeao?o, /ai ioee/athony?”, “Iaeueieoea”, e ae?oaea.
Iie iai?aaeaiu ia o?aie?iaeo iuoeaiey i?e auiieiaiee aeaenoaee.
Yoi caaeaiey ia iaoiaeaeaiea i?iiouaiiie oeao?u, i?iaeieaeaiey ?yaeu
oeao?, ciaeia, ia iiene /enae. Ciaeiinoai n oaeeie ea?aie ia/eiaaony n
yeaiaioa?iuo caaeaiee ia eiae/aneia iuoeaiea – oeaii/ee caeiiiia?iinoae.
A oaeeo oi?aaeiaieyo eaeao /a?aaeiaaiea i?aaeiaoia eee aaiiao?e/aneeo
oeao?. Aeaoyi i?aaeeaaaaony i?iaeieaeeoue ?yae eee iaeoe i?iiouaiiue
yeaiaio.
E?iia oiai aeathony caaeaiey oaeiai oa?aeoa?a: i?iaeieaeeoue oeaii/eo,
/a?aaeoy a ii?aaeaeaiiie iineaaeiaaoaeueiinoe eaaae?aou, aieueoea e
iaeaiueeea e?oae aeaeoiai e e?aniiai oeaaoa. Iinea oiai, eae aeaoe
iao/aony auiieiyoue oaeea oi?aaeiaiey, caaeaiey aeey ieo oneiaeiythony.
I?aaeeaaaaony auiieieoue caaeaiea, a eioi?ii iaiaoiaeeii /a?aaeiaaoue
i?aaeiaou, o/eouaaoue iaeiia?aiaiii oeaao e aaee/eio.
Caeeth/aiea.
Aeeaeaeoe/aneay ea?a — yaeaiea neiaeiia, ii a iae io/aoeeai
iaia?oaeeaaaony no?oeoo?a, o.a. iniiaiua yeaiaiou, oa?aeoa?ecothuea ea?o
eae oi?io iao/aiey e ea?iaoth aeayoaeueiinoue iaeiia?aiaiii. Iaeei ec
iniiaiuo yeaiaioia ea?u — aeeaeaeoe/aneay caaea/a, eioi?ay ii?aaeaeyaony
oeaeueth iao/athuaai e ainieoaoaeueiiai aicaeaenoaey. Iaee/ea
aeeaeaeoe/aneie caaea/e eee ianeieueeeo caaea/ iiae/a?eeaaao iao/athuee
oa?aeoa? ea?u, iai?aaeaiiinoue iao/athuaai niaea?aeaiey ia i?ioeannu
iiciaaaoaeueiie aeayoaeueiinoe aeaoae. Aeeaeaeoe/aneay caaea/a
ii?aaeaeyaony ainieoaoaeai e io?aaeaao aai iao/athuoth aeayoaeueiinoue.
No?oeoo?iui yeaiaioii ea?u yaeyaony ea?iaay caaea/a, inouanoaeyaiay
aeaoueie a ea?iaie aeayoaeueiinoe. Aeaa caaea/e — aeeaeaeoe/aneay e
ea?iaay — io?aaeatho acaeiinaycue iao/aiey e ea?u. A ioee/ea io i?yiie
iinoaiiaee aeeaeaeoe/aneie caaea/e ia caiyoeyo a aeeaeaeoe/aneie ea?a
iia inouanoaeyaony /a?ac ea?iaoth caaea/o, ii?aaeaeyao ea?iaua
aeaenoaey, noaiiaeony caaea/ae naiiai ?aaaiea, aicaoaeaeaao aeaeaiea e
iio?aaiinoue ?aoeoue aa, aeoeaece?oao ea?iaua aeaenoaey.
Iaeiei ec ninoaaiuo yeaiaioia aeeaeaeoe/aneie ea?u yaeythony i?aaeea
ea?u. Eo niaea?aeaiea e iai?aaeaiiinoue iaoneiaeaiu iaueie caaea/aie
oi?ie?iaaiey ee/iinoe ?aaaiea e eieeaeoeaa aeaoae, iiciaaaoaeueiui
niaea?aeaieai, ea?iauie caaea/aie e ea?iauie aeaenoaeyie a eo ?acaeoee e
iaiaauaiee. A aeeaeaeoe/aneie ea?a i?aaeea yaeythony caaeaiiuie.
Eniieuecoy i?aaeea, iaaeaaia oi?aaeyao ea?ie, i?ioeannaie
iiciaaaoaeueiie aeayoaeueiinoe, iiaaaeaieai aeaoae.
I?aaeea ea?u eiatho iao/athuee, i?aaiecaoeeiiiue, oi?ie?othuee oa?aeoa?,
e /aua anaai iie ?aciiia?acii ni/aoathony iaaeaeo niaie. Iao/athuea
i?aaeea iiiiaatho ?ane?uaaoue ia?aae aeaoueie, /oi e eae ioaeii
aeaeaoue, iie niioiinyony n ea?iauie aeaenoaeyie, ?ane?uaatho niinia eo
aeaenoaee. I?aaeea i?aaiecotho iiciaaaoaeueioth aeayoaeueiinoue aeaoae:
/oi-oi ?anniio?aoue, iiaeoiaoue, n?aaieoue, iaeoe niinia ?aoaiey
iinoaaeaiiie ea?ie caaea/e.
I?aaiecothuea i?aaeea ii?aaeaeytho ii?yaeie, iineaaeiaaoaeueiinoue
ea?iauo aeaenoaee e acaeiiioiioaiee aeaoae. A ea?a oi?ie?othony ea?iaua
ioiioaiey e ?aaeueiua ioiioaiey iaaeaeo aeaoueie. Ioiioaiey a ea?a
ii?aaeaeythony ?ieaauie ioiioaieyie.
I?aaeea ea?u e aeieaeiu auoue iai?aaeaiu ia ainieoaiea iieiaeeoaeueiuo
ea?iauo ioiioaiee e ?aaeueiuo a eo acaeiinayce.
Niaethaeaiea i?aaee a oiaea ea?u aucuaaao iaiaoiaeeiinoue i?iyaeaiey
oneeee, iaeaaeaiey niiniaaie iauaiey a ea?a e aia ea?u e oi?ie?iaaiey ia
oieueei ciaiee, ii e ?aciiia?aciuo /oanoa, iaeiieaiey aeia?uo yiioeee e
onaiaiey o?aaeeoeee.
?oeiaiaenoai aeaoneeie aeeaeaeoe/aneeie ea?aie aeieaeii eiaoue oeaeueth:
1. onoaiiaeaiea i?aaeeueiiai niioiioaiey iaaeaeo ea?ie e ie?ii, ciaieyie
a aeecie ?aaaiea;
2. ainieoaiea a ea?a oece/aneeo e ineoieiae/aneeo ea/anoa, iaiaoiaeeiuo
aeey aoaeouaai aeayoaey e ?aaioieea.
Eeoa?aoo?a.
1. Ieiiue A. “Aaaaeaiea a iauoth aeeaeaeoeeo” Ia?. N.Eieueneiai. –
I.Aunoay oeiea, 1990a.
2. Ieaeeanenoue I.E. “Oaoiieiaey ea?u a iao/aiee” – I.I?inaauaiea,
1992a.
3. Auaioneee E.N. “Aiia?aaeaiea e oai?/anoai a aeaoneii aic?anoa” –
I.I?inaauaiea, 1991a.
4. Yeueeiiei Ae.A. “Neiaieeea e aa ooieoeee a ea?a aeaoae //
Aeioeieueiia ainieoaiea” 1966a. ?3
5. Niieaioeaaa A.A. Nthaeaoii-aeeaeaeoe/aneea ea?u, Iineaa “I?inaauaiea”
1987a.
6. Enoi?ey aeioeieueiie iaaeaaiaeee, Iineaa “I?inaauaiea” 1989a.
7. Aeioeieueiay iaaeaaiaeea, Iineaa “I?inaauaiea” 1991a.
8. Naiyoeeia I.E. Cia/aiea aeeaeaeoe/aneeo ea? e caaeaiee i? iao/aiee
a?aiioa // Ia/aeueiay oeiea 1997 ?2
9. Oa?aeieia A.E. Neacea eae n?aaenai ainieoaiey.Ia/aeueiay oeiea 1995
?3
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