Ae??? ????i ???a th? I???uey (????? e ???o?a)
I?i
A???
A?? 1. E??ey ?????ey ???? ????a I???uey (???? y?? e ??????)
A?? 2. Ae??? ????? ?????y (?o???u) I???uey
2.1 O??????a, ??e ?????i?ey e ?????ey ?????a
2.2 C??e-Aey??y ??? ???e??: ?????, ??? e ??ue
2.3 A????ay ??? ???e??: ????a, ??? e ??ue
A???a
O??????? ??e ?????ey ???? ???u – y? ????ey A???i, N???i e I??? A??, a
?????o??i ???e y? ????ey A???e ???e, A???? AI e O?????i ?ay.
O??????? ??e ?????ey y?? ???? ????a, ???a e ?AEA
A ??? ?????ey ??o ??????-o??????e (??? ???????? ????a) e ??????-??????
(??? ????? ?????) ??? n ???oth?i ???? ????? ?????a. A ????o ??ayo ??y??
???? ???i-???????i e ye???????i ???? (???? ???e ?????? ?????? ???e: 1)
?a? ??y e ???u ?????o ??; 2) ???????a; 3) ?????eth; 4) ????o ?????e; 5)
??a.). O??e ?????????i ??? y?y?ny ??????a ??? ???????o ??????. I??iy??
??? ???ey e ??th??y.
A?? 1.E??ey ?????ey ???? ????a I???uey (???? y?? e ??????)
I??? ? ????? ?????e a ???? A?? a ??a ??e ???? ???e ? ??? ??? ?. On?? o
n. O???????. Y? ???e ?e???e ?a a 1859 a. ???? ??? ? ??? ??????ae O?????i
?ay ?.E. I??, ??????? ??? O??e. A ??a ??? ????? ?? ? ?. O??e ? ??? y????
??u «Ith?? ?? ??y ?. O??e.
A 1860 a. a ??? «A??, ?????ny a E???a, ?ya??ue ????a E.O. A????? i ?i,
?i ? ??i ? ??? ? ?. O??e «???? ?????y: ??? ??a, ??, ??a-? ???.
A 1894 a. ??????? ????? ?????y ???? I. A???. Ii ??? ??? ???e e ???, ?i
?e ?????u ? ??? ??? O??e ??y ????. A ????? y? ???ey i ??????? ???? ??
?????? a ???th?e ??? ? ???????i i?yo??i Ae???i A???, ?????? O.O. A?? e
E.A. E?????.
A 1895 a. a «I????? ????y? ?y??? ??? ???? i ???o ?????yo ? ??? ? ???o
??? A?? ??? n. I???i e ?n. Na-??-Aeyi. A ???a ???a?? ???????a ???oe e
????? ?n??? ???? – ?????a ????????? e?y e ????i ??????? ??i. O??? ??a
???a ???? – «????a ?i????? ??y?». I???a ??? ???ey i N??e-Aey??o ????o
?ath?y a ????? ?a ????o I??ey E???a – ??th??ny ???? ?????a XIX a., ??? ?
???? ?????? ??? ???e Ae???i A???. E??? ???e ???ey i ??yo n ???? ?????y?
? ??ao A?? ? y???? I???y???. Y? ??? ??a ???? a ??? a??????? ?iy??? O.O.
A?? e E.A. E????a.
I??y ???a, ????? ??y??ay N??e-Aey??i ????i, ?????o ???o ??????o ?????o
O1O a. E???o, ????o y??????? y????e ? A??, ??????? ?????? I??i ??????
???e a Iueth-E??. A 1899 a. ? ?????e ???ey i ?????o A??, ???a, ?i ?e
?ey?e ?e I?u e A?? o ????? ???a N?a?-Aeyi ? ???? ??? ??? ????y ??i ???a,
??ueth ??ay??, ??ueth ?a??? a ???e ?e, ???e ????? a????? ??????? ????ey.
Ia ????o ? ???a ??th?y «????? ?????», ???? – ???? ????e. *? ? ???ny ??o
????, ? ?e ????eytho, ? ??? E???, ?????? ??, a ??a ??? ????.
A ??a XIX ???e ?????ue ??a ??? n ???? ?????y? o n. E???? ? ??? ??? A??.
I ?i ??e A. O?e, ???? y??????e y????e ??????i ??y ?????? ???e a
Iueth-E??.
A 1919 a. ? ??y ?????y ? N??e ???-?y??a ???e ???? y???e ???e, y???o e
???? O. ?th?i. Ii ??? ???a???ea ?iy??? e ???e, ?i ?n?? ???? ? ????
?????e ???a??? ????y ? ??? A?? e ????eytho ??e ?????y ???, ??? ??o?o, a
??a eth?e. ?th?i ???? ???o???a ???? ??????? ??? ? ????o e ??y?o ??oy?e,
??ny??y e ????o ?? ss??e.
I??a ???ey i ????o ????? ???? N???i I???uey ???ue a 30-a ?? XX a. Y?
????a N??i i ???i ??a ? ?. A??a. Ii ????ey? ??e ??o, ?????i ???ath?thny
?ae ???i ?. A??u ? 7-8 i. I????? ??u ???? ???y, ? ?e ????? ???e ???e
??a-? «?????.
A 1925 a. ?a?? ?y??? ??? i ????o A???i I???uey. Eo ??? AO E???a a ??e
????e ??? i ????? E??e??i ???a. I???a ?????a a ???a I????a, a ???o ???o
? n. Oo?? e a ?? ???o ???? E?????. I??? ? ???? e ?? ??????y i ??? y?o
????. A ?i? ? ?o E???a ??? «?????a ?y???i ???y, ???? ???y?? ?i???».
A 1935 a. ?o???u N??e-Aey? e o ???? I? ?? ????u, ???? ??????u e ?????u ?
y???o ?????e I??a???e ???????e y????e E???? y????e AI NNN? a ???a AE.
I????? e I.ss *???o. ?????u ????? n ?????? I??th A?? ???? a ????
i??i-??ey?? ??? I????? «????e ? ???», ?a ?? ????a iu?ue i ?i, ?i ? ???e
??? ?ny a N??e-Aey? ????? ?ey?a ???????? ????a. I????i ?y ??? ??i???ey
y??? ?????a ???, ????e a ??i ?ny.
A 1954 a. ??yae AeAAY a ???a A.I. Ie????a, A.A. E???a, THA C????a, Y.A.
O???? ???? ???????th ???? ? ??i Ei?? I??, O?? e A??. A ????? ?? ?????u e
??y? ???? ??i a. *?u ? ??? ??? ?. E??a – O???ay ??a e N????e ??? a ??a
???? ??a n. O?ue-E??a ? ?. E?a a 10 ? ?? ??y e a 10 ? ?? n. N??? a ??a
?. O???, ? A?? a ??a Ae???u a ???? Eeth??i, a ??a E???? e a 112 i ?? n.
N???? ? ??? A??
A 1959 a. I.E. ???? ????? ???? a ??? n. A??a. ???? ?? ????? ???i ?n.
A??yy O?a E.?. ?y????. A ?i ? ?? A??????e ??????ee e???o ?????e
????-y??????oth y???oeeth. A ????? ???a a ???ueyo ?. C? ? ???o ?i ???o –
?th? I??, ? ????th B.C. A????a, ?e ????i ???e ???. Ii ????ey? ??e
???ooth ??o.
E??ue ????y ? ??? ???. ????, ????? ???i-????e ???e, ????? ? ??e. I???a
y?i ??i ?i???? ?e ??e ??y ? ??? ???a ???e ??u. Ia ???? ???a
E?iy ??e ? ???e ???i ???i ?????y ???e, ?,?i ??ii ? ?i ????? – ????? ???.
Ai ??y y??????? y????e ? Ae?????? ??? a I960 a. A.A. O???? ???? e ????
?????? ????? ???e ??i ???i ?n. N??yy Ith?a e ? ?. A??i. A ??????? ??? ?
??? ? ???????a, ???o???? ???o ????ey ???? e ??? ??e, ? ???o ?e ?? ????.
E ??? ????i iy? ????, ???a, ???, ? ?????otho ???? ???????oe. *? ???ny
???? ???oe, ?, ?aey ? ?n????th A.A. O????a, ? ? ???o ? ??????e.
A 60-o – ??? 70-o ?. AE. I?????i ?? ?????u e ??y? ???u E??e, O??e e
N???e a ???? ?. I?ia (??? ??a O??) y???? A???-E??e a ???ueyo ?. O????.
??????a ????? ???e a a ???? ?e E??a, I?? e O???y I????a ?????e a ?????a
? i???? C????y, ???a ? a ??oth o??oth ??? ???oe. Ae???o I????a ????
A???i I???uey ??i ???????i ???iey ????? I????uey e E?u. «Ae???» ???,
???, ??? ?? ????ou, ??a ???a e ??????? ???i, – ????? I????uey e ss??e.
A?? ??i? ? ???e, a ???o ???a ????ony ??y ????? e ?????”. Ae?? I????a ?a
??????? ??? ??e ???o e ???o, a ????a ?????y – e y?? ???a.
N 1958 ? 1969 ?. ????? ???e o n. N??e-Aey? ????ue Ae??????? ????e???
y????? ?ae ?????? A.I. I?????. A y? ?aiy ?? ?????u ????? ? ??? O??e ??
??. O??e*-? e ? ?. E? (??? O??e). I??a ????a i ?????o E? ?y??y a 1966 a.
a ??? A ss???a.
A?? 2. Ae??? ????? ?????y (?????) I???uey
2.1 O??????a, ??e ???????y e ?????ey ?????a
I???u I??? A?? I????a ??o ? ??th e ????eth ? ?a ??i????? ???:
?????th, ????oth;
??a ??ithth, ???oth.
I???y ??a ???? ?????o e ??? ??? ?????e, a ??? ?? ?????e. A? y? ?????
?????y ????u ???? ????y ?e, ?e ??? ??o ????e, «???? ???th».
A????ay ??? ?????a I??? Ai?a, a ?ith ???ue, ????a I?????i ? ??? ??. E
???, ??e????e, ?? ???? ?????a ? ??e? ????ey e ??th ??? ??e, ??a, ???e,
??? ??, ??? ??????? ?? e ??????. A??y ?? – ???? ??????e ???? – ??????
???o?? ??????e ???? e ?/??e ? ???? ?????y? ??????? ????? ? ?????i
??????. Ae????u ?e ??i ???????i ????y ? ???? ?????y? ? ???o ? A?????e e
I???a O??y ?? ??????ony ????i ???????oth?o ????e e ???ey ???? ??e. E??
?i???? a ??e ??? ??i, e ?e i???u e ?????y ??e n ?????i ?????i. E ????e
?? ???u ??c??a ?a ???, ?????? ???i ??e y?.
I?y?oth e ??? ???? I????a ??o ? ?e ?????? ????a. «A ??oth ??????oth ???
? ?? ??u ??? ???? ??i ???? ?????y ???? n ??i ????e «????» ????i, ?????i
??? ?????e ????. ???ee ??? ??? ?????tho ????i??oth ????th. N???i ? a
????? ???? ??o ?? ????i ? ????e, n ?y?? ??y?… E, ???oe, a ??ee ???????
???? ???yo ??a ???a, ?????a ?????y ?? ????: an???, ???? ????e-???e, ?i??
???.» Ae?? ??? ????, ?i a ??a e ???a ????, a ??a a ? ????? ??i ???:
????? a ???? ??e, ????, ?????? ?????? ????. O?? ???? ????ey ??o
????????ue i ??????e ?e ?????, ?e e ????e.
N ??? ???? ?????? ???? ? ???oe ????e (?e ??ny?y e I o?. i.y.), ???e e
??y ????y ???? I????a ???o ?i?th ??? ???? ??a e ??? I ?n. i.y.
N????yy ??? ???????o ????, ????e e y??????? ????, I???e? ???? e ???, ?i
???a ????e N?a-?-Aey? – y? ??? ????o ??o ???a, ???ath?o ? y?e ?????.
A??e ??i ???oe A???i I?a??y – ????? ?? ?ey?y ?? O?? e ?. A??e – ?e ?????
???i a 1964-1972 ?. ????u ?????? ?????? a i????o ??ueyo e ????? ????? n
A.I. I?????i.
I???u ???? I???uey ?????u a ??? A???i A??, a ???? Ith?e, a ???i ???e
I??u e a ???ueyo C? e A?thy. I? ??i ???th?y ? ?????a I????uey, C????y»
I??? A??, ???????e ??e Ae???i A??ea e, a ?ith ???ue ? ??th e ?ae???th
??ny?y e ?? ??eue?i ????. A ??? ??yo ?iy??e, ??????a 1 ??? A???i A?? e ?
?. A?e (??? O??a), ? ??? – ??aey??y a ???i ???e I??u e a ???ia ?e Ith?e,
A?thy e C?.
???? a ??? ???? ???e ??e ? ???? ????e ??. A???? ????e ????? ??y?, a ??a
?e??e ???? ? ???o ???e. A ??a?i ? ????o ????? ????a ??u, a ???o ???otho
???????, ????? e ?????? ????. E????e ????a: ?e ??iyo ??ii ? ??-?? ??? e
????tho, ????, ??? ?????? ???a n ?????e; ????? ????, ??ath?a ??, ??iy?a
a ???i? “????e n ????? ??y?; ??e n ??????e ????e, ??????e a ?? ?????a.
O????i, ?i o ??? ??? ???? ????, ??????,??????? e ?i???o ???a ????? ????y
??ue. A? ?e ????? ???i ??e y?.
A?e ????? ???e ???i ????ai ??? A???i I???uey ??ny?y ??? e ???o ????o ??,
? ??i? ???i ????? ??? ???th?y ??iay n ???a e ??ay ???i ?????a?i.
I????a ???e ???i ????? ?e?a A???i I???uey, ??????? a ??a ?. I?? (???
Ith?e), ???th?y IV ?n. ? e. y. E ?i ??ny?y ??? e ??? ?? ?????e ??i ???i
?n. N??yy Ithe-?. A ???? y? ???e ????, e ??? ? ??? III ?n. ? i. y. ?
????o ?y?yth?y ???i???a ?????y.
E III ?n. ? i. y. ???? ????, ??????y ii ?. A??i. E????? ???? ? y?e ????
???tho ??youe ?ith ??th ???????; ?e ?a ? ???a a ??????? nth??. Ia ??o
???o ?i ???e ? ??? ?????e ??y?? e ??u ??u; ? a ????e ???? ?-???? ???ny
?i? ?????o ??????.
I?y??e I ?n. ? i. y. ?????u ? ??i ??? I??u, a 15 ? ?? ??y Ith?e, ? ?.
A??? I?i e ??i ?n. N??iyy Ith?a (????y ??? ????). I? ?????? ??????ie
???? e ?????e ?????.
E ?iy??? ???i ????i ?? ???i ??? A???i I???uey ???? ????? ???e, ??????a ?
??i O????, O?????o e ?th? A???o.
I?y??e ???i ????i ?? ???i ????? ??? ????tho ???y? ???? ?????th?o ?iy???
????? ???? ??? ?????. E?? ????? ??, ? ?o, ?e e ? ??a ??? ?iy???, ????
??u ??????: ??i ??y e ???ay ?? ? ??yo. N???y?ny ?????ay ??????ay ???i??
?????i ???a – ?????a ???? n ?????? ????. Ii ????th n ?????th?? ?iy???e a
????eyo ???i ???i? ?? ?y?y?ny e ????? ??y ?o?? ????y ???? ????e ??y?.
E ?a????? ????i A???i I???uey ???? ????? ?????y a ???ueyo ?. I??, ???i
???a C?, e ??? ?? ???? N???th???? ????. Ia ?o ????? ????, ??u e ???????
????, ???a ????eytho n?? ?a???o ??y?a, ?????? ? ?????a ??o e ???? ????,
a ??a ? ??? ??? ???? e ??.
I???yth?i ???? a ????a ???oe ???? ?? I???uey y?yth?y ????u ????? ??,
??????o o ????? n ?????e ????e. I? ?????e ???e ????y ????? ???? ??????
??a ?????? ??? ?????: ??????? ??????a ? ??????, ??e???e, ??????e ? ???o,
????o a ????yo e ?????o N??e e Ae??aai A???; ????a ???? ??? ???, ??a
???, ??? ?????ey ??? ? ????yo; ??????? ????a ???? ? ????o n ???e ?????y?
? ???????e ?????, ?ath?? i???a ????y ?y ????e.
E????i i???? a N???e Ac? ????? ????, ?????? ???????i ????, ??iy?i ???.
I??e ?iy?ee n ???????e ????th ?e ??? a 1941 a, A.I. I?????i o ??. O??? ?
?. E?a, ??i a 1971 a. A.E. I??? ?? ????? ???????a ?n???a ???e ? ?. O?? a
6 ? ? ?n. A??, ia ???? ??o ?th?? I??? e Ae?ayi?. N?????? ?????ueth y?o
???? y?y?ny oi, ?i ?e ??aey?y ? a ???o, a ? ???? ???? ???o.
A? ?????y ? ????e ????u ???e ??e ????e ????? ??y? ?e ???? ? ???o. Ii ??o
??ee, ??? ???y e ?????eth ? ????e ???e ??i ????ue ? iy? ??????? ???. E
???, ???? ???e ??? ??ny?y 11 ?????e ???a.
I???u ?e ???e ??e, ???y ? ??????i ????ey ????a ???e io ???i ? ?????i.
I?? ???? ?a ??????? ???i?? ????y ???? ???a ? ??ue?a ??i. I??y – ????
???? ??y ????ey?. A??? ???? ??? ????e?ue ?a, ??iyy ??ue ???, ?e, ??e,
??a e ??o. C?? ??i ???i ?? ???? ??a, ??yy ??ue ?e, ??ue, ?th?ay ??ue,
??. E, ???oe, ??y ???e ????? ?y?a ??. I? ??? ???a ???? ???, ???? e ??o
????i ???? ??i ???i ??, a ??i ????u ?? e ?a.
Ii ??? ????y e ?????ey ?n??a ? ????e y? ???? ???iyth?y a ?? ????eth e
????? ??i ?????. Ia ???y ? ????i e ????? ?????a ????, ???e ???tho ??i
?????. A ?o ?????? ??e???? ??u ???o ???a – ??????, ?????? ??? ???, oe??
??????a ?? e ?????a ??ae ???.
Ei ??? ??? ???? ? ????e??? ????e ??ny?y ?a ?????y ????a, ??????a ?? ??
??a ???a. A???? ??i-???e ??e, ???e ???? ???th?y ? ???? ?o??? ??i.
O ??? ?????y ???? ?????ue ??? ??yy ??ue ???? n ???i e ??e. A??a ?????a
???? ???e ?????e. AE???a ????? a ???ue. O ?? ????a ????, ???y ??a, ???ay
?y. I????e ??u?ey? ???? ???y ??? n ??????i ??i ? ??a, ???e ?e ? ?????o
????th ??th, ?ath?th iy? ????a. N??o o ???? ???i ?? ?? ?a.
E????? ???? ? ???? ??o ???a ???? ?y ????e ??????o i????o ????, ?e ?e y?
?a??a ????y e ??? ??????? ??a e ???i a N???e A?e ???, ?i ?? e ???.
N??? ????, ?i a ???????e ????? ??ye?ue ? ??? ???, ? ?o ??yae, ???? ????
e ???????i ???ue?i ????, e ? n ???? ?????, ??? ? ?????y, ? ???o ????
???ay ??????ay ??a, a i ???????? ???? ??? ? ?? ??. Ii ?? a ?????a
??????, ??y? n ????e ???, ??a ??n???? ??u, ???a ??? ? ??o ??, -????
??ue, ?th?, ?? e ae?. I? ?? ????e ??u, ? ??y?a ???e ??i ?????tho *
???????o ?iy???. Iiy?? ? ?????y ??? ??o ??????? e ? ???????o ???oeao.
I?? ?????y n ??????, ?i ????e ????e ??u ???? a ????a ?ee ???, ??i e
???a. Ec-? ????? ????, ?y??? n ???, ?????y ??? y?o ???? e ????? ? ??u.
Ii ??a ????o ???: ???e n ????? ????, y?y??ny ???? ????? ??????y e ?????i
????i e ???? ??y e ?ny ????? ?e??? ????? ?? ??????a? E???, ?o! I? ?????
?????? ??? ? ??? ???ey, ? “??e” ?i, ?o????, ?iy??. A y?i ??a ???e ???n
????eytho ??uey e ????y ??? ?????e ? ??? ????e A????e ???? e ith????
????? ???e.
Ith???ay ???? ???? ??a ??????? ??? ????. I???a ??iyy ??ay a??a ????
??i-???e ??e, ??? ?i?? ?????y ????th ??? ???e. Cae?ue ?????? ???? ????y,
?iy?a a ????e ??, ???ath??y ??o, ???th??y ??, ??e ???, ?iy?a n ?ey?? a
????e ??» n?? ????? ??u e ??????a ????? ???aa. N?? ???? ?ath?y e ????a e
????a ?????y eth?e. O ?????? ???e ?????u ?? e ????u ??i? ??. Ia ?? ????
????? ??a??, ?iy?a ????? ??i e??a, ????th?o ?ey?? ??e, a ????e ????o
iy?i ???i ??? eth?e ???ae?o ????y ???? A??y ??? ???? ????a ????? ??y?
??a ???e ??e. Nth?? y?e ??? ???? ???i ??????a. C?? ????? ???ay ??a n
??i, n??, ?eth?th?a ???e, ????th?a ?ey?? ??e, ????, ?iy?a a ????e ??, o
???o ????? ???? n ????e. O??i ?? ???? a y?e ??? i???ny a ????. Eth? ??ue
????? n ??????? a ???o ??? e ?????? ???. A? ?e ???? a ???? e y?yth?y
?????e ?????? ???e. O??y e ????y ??? Au???? ???? ? ??? ???? ?????y e
???? ??? ? ???.
A ??ue ???e ??????? ??? ??i? ???e ????e ? N???????e ???? ????i ??a. Y?
?? ?????? ?????a a N??e e ? Ae??? A?o?a, ???a ? ??o ?? ???? ? ????o.
???? ???? ?????u ? ????e, ??o e ?? ???e, ?ae ??i, ?c ????e ?? e ??a.
A??u o i? ??????a. Ae??? ???e ????e eo ?e ? ??y ????y?: ???a ? ???e ???
e ???? ??i ?????? ??. Y? ??? y?y?ny ??e ? ?????o ?????? ???? ???? ? ??eo
y??o ?????i ????a a ???e ?? I???uey. Ii ???i ????i ??? ?????, ??o ????
?o?ny ????? ????. O ?o ??? ?e???a, ???a ????a ????, ??????a?? ???? ??. O
?? ??? ? N??????ne? ???? e ? ??a ? ith????i ?????a ? ??a ??u ?ath?y
?????ue-?a ???u. I?? ??i???ue, ?i y? – ??????a ?????y ????a. I ?i, ?i
???e, ?????a ???? ??e, ? N???????e ???? yaeyth?y ??i?a ???e, ???o
??oth?e ??: ???e y?? ??? ?????u ? ??a ???o ??????? ????yo, a a ??i ???
?? ???? ???o ??a ???.
Ia A????ie ???? ?????a ???? e ???? ????u a ??????? ???. Ia ?e ???a ?
????o ???e ?? I???uey ?y?yth?y ??? ?? e ????e ????.
E????a ????u ???ytho ???ue ??oth?a ???. A ?????a ???? ???? ?i??a ?? ???a
???? e ????, ???a ???e ??c ??e. A ???? ???e ? ?a ? ????, ??a ?ea ??????.
E a ????? ???? ???e ?? I???uey ???a ????a ???? ??ue, ????e ???? ?????
??n???ey: ???a, ??i, ??? e o.ae. Ii a ??a ?????a – ??? a???a ?????
??????a ???y. N???? e ???u ????. I???aeyo ??? a ????e ?????? ???? e ??a
a i?????? ???? ????. Y?o ??? a ????? ????a ???????y ?y???i ?????e ?????e
?ei???e ??u e ???i ? ??o ???? e ??a – ????? a ?????, ???????i? e ???????
???yo.
I???u ???a ???a e ???i ?o?? ???? ?? I???uey ? ??????? ?????yi e ????
?ey?y ? «???? e «????. «O???» ???? ?????? ? ?? ????? ???? ??, a «???? –
a ?????e ?? I???uey.
E ???? ??? ?iy??? «????? ??y ??i ???e ????? ???e ?n??u, ??????e o ???i
?n. N??yy Ith?a. Ii ???a e ??? ????iey ????? ???e N??? Ith?e ?ey?y ? ???
???.
E ??? ??? ???? ??ny?y ?a????? ?????a ?????y ??y. Ii ???? e ?????eth ?
????e ?i ???? ?????a ??i. I??? a ??a ???a ??y n ??? ????? o??a, ???ath??
????? ??yae. I??a i??????a ?????a y?? ????i ? ?????ue. A??a ??y ??
?????a a ??a ???a ??y. Ae??? eth?, ???a ???? ?????a ??? ? e ???e,
?iaey?a a ??ueth ???, ?ae???e e ??? ??y. I?? ?????i ????? ?e ?? (??
???yy e ?a ???). I??iyy ??ue ??y ???i ?e??y? e ??? ????? e ???th. N???ny
?????a, ?i ???? ?o-?o ???o a ????.
I ?i?i ???? ??? e ??? ??i ???? ???????o ?o ??, ?i ?????a ????? ??? y?e ?
????, ?????? 11 ?n. ? i. y., ?e ? ?????u ? ??? ??? ???? ??o ? ????ny
????i, ??a ???? ??a.,
Y???i ???oe ?y ????????e?i y?? ???e ?? I???uey y?y?ny ?iy?? n ?. A??i.
Ii ???y? ?? ????????? ???? a ?????e ????o ????, ? ????eth ?i ???i ?? e
??????. I??a ???? ????u ???ii ?????i. I?e ? ?o ?iyo a ????e ?? ? ?????
????, ??? ?e ? ???ath?y a ??. N????? ?? ???? ?????y ???? n ??????? ????.
Ia ??e ? ????? ?????a ????i ????th ???? ???e ? ?????e i??, ???th ?????
????? ?? ith????i ?????a. Ii ? A????e ???oea a ?????e ???? ?a ??i
??????ny e ??y ????y.
Iiy?yth?y ?????y ???? n ???a???e ????, ?c ????y ?e, e ?ai??, ?????? ????
???. O ????o y?????? ??? ? ??? ?a ??? ????, ???? ????? ???ie ???????
???, ??? ???a ?? ?????u ?????ey?i e ????.
Ia A????e ???? ?y?yth?y e ????? ??a ??? – ??? ????e a ?? ??a n ????i
??????? ?????i, n ??? ??y, ????a a ??? ??. E????ey eth?e ?? ???a??u ???i
?? e ??????a. A???? ?e ??y ??? ???e: ????e e ????? ee?y?, a ??a ??a?e
??? ???a ???e. A? ?????? ???, ?e e a ??a ??? ??y, ???? a ?n e a ???ue.
A? ?????y eth?e ? y?e ???? ?????? a ????: ?e ????tho ??y, ??otho, ?y?e?
? ??, ?e ???atho ????? ??y?. I??a ? ?o ? ??? eth?, a ?? ?e ??, ???a ??e
?y?? e ????e ???tho ???a ethaeyi. O ?o ????a ?? ????u a ???u, ??a?a ???
???? ????? ?????, o ?? ???u ?e ?u.
A ???i ???a a ????? ????i I???uey ?????y ??y ?????-?????ay ????y, ???y
??????ny ??? ? ??? ??e y?. N y?? ???e a ???o ????o ????tho ?a ??y. Ai I
?n. ? i. y. ?e ??a /?? ?????. A ????? iu eo ??i ???? «???????? e
«???/??» – ? ?cy????i ???i, ???a ??ae?u a ????. «I??????? ???? ?n???? a
???i ???e I??u e ? ?????? ???? A??, «????? – a ???? O?? e a ???ueyo ?a?
???? A??e.
«I??????? ???? ???ytho ????a?? ???? a ????e ???? e ??????? ???e, ? nth??
???ath?y, a ?o ?y?yth?y ??????? ??u. I????e ???n ??e «???????» ???oe
??n??ytho ??a??a ???e, ?????? i?a ??y ?. O??? ? ??i ??? I??u, ?????a
y?i-???e ??e. Ii ??th ????y, ??o ??? e ?????e ?n???a ?????y I??u ??i
???e e ??? ???e.
Ia «???????» ???? ????? /?????a ???, ??e, ????, eth?, ??? ? ???? e ???a
? ? ???. Ii ????o nth?? y? ???? ???i ??????a ?????th?o ??????o ?????e.
Ia ?e ???? ??????a ???????.
Ii ??th ?????y ???? e eth?e ????y ??? ???? N???th???? ???? ????ny ?
??????, ? ? nth??i ?e ???. Ia ??o ????o ???? ??u ??????. N???o ? e
?????? ?????? ???? ? ??o??o ??a ??????. N?????? ??i ???? i ?i, ?i
??????a ?? ?n??u ? ???e ??? ?? e ??o. Eo ??i ????? ??? II – ???i I ?n. ?
i.y.
E ??????i ????? ???? “??i???” ??y ??ny?y ?????y ??e ? ???e ????e
O?ue-????e ????. Y? ??? ??????e ?????a ???e ??e ? ????o I???uey. Ae?
???o ?ny ???? ????e ??y? ? ???o ? ???? ??. O??y ??? ?ny ???? ???? ???? ?
???o ???? ??e. Ii ??? ??n?ey ?e ??? ?? ??o, ?, ?aey ? oe?? ??? e ???a
????, ????? ???e ?????e. O ??? ??e ????? ?????a ?y y?? ????i ??u: ???ay
??iyy ??, ???iy?y ??a, ?????y ???a; ? ??y ???? ??no??ay ???, ?e ????e
??, ? ???.
I????a ???e “????” ??y. N?????? ??? ???oe y?? ??y y?yth?y ?????y ???????
???e ????e, i???, ?????o ?y?? ???? iy?i, e ?????????o ?y?a, ??iy?o ?
???? iy?i. O????y ? ?y?y?ny ? ????e ????? ?????? e ???????i ????y ??o
??e.
E ???? ??? ?iy??? “????” ??y ??ny?y O?eth?? I. Ia ?e ???? ???a n ????? ?
???o ?????o?? ????e, ??u, ?????? ????, ????, ?????????a ?y? ???? iy?i e
??????? ???e, ??????a ????? e ????e.
AE????e O?eth?? I ???? ?e ?????o ????a. I??e, ? ????e ????o ???o?, ??i
????? ? ???a ???? I ?n. ? i. y. A??e ???io – ????, ????????y ???e ?????e
???e. I???y ???? ?y ???? A???i A?? ????? n ???? IV ?n. ? i. y. ? ???? I
?n. ? i. y. O??e ??e??, ? ?????, ?i ??? e ???eyi ????e ???e?e ??? a
????a ??e ?iy??a Ii????? II, ?????i IV – V ?n. ? i. y. Y?i ??a?i ??i
????? e ?iy?? O?eth?? I.
I????a ???e ???? O?eth?? I ? ??th ????y ??aeyo ???a ??i? a ?iy??? I??e I
e ??y?e.
Ia ???? Oe?? III ?????? ????i?a ????y e ?????????a a ?y????? ????y ????
iy?a, ????, ?o?????a ???e, ???a ?????, ?? ? ??? e ??????a ????e, ??????a
???? e ???? ??e.
Ia Oe???? ???? a ???e ? O?eth???? ?y?y?ny ??y ???: ???? ??????? ???e n
a?????? ??? ?????c?? ??? e ??????? ???e, ???? a ??o ??e ?e ?ee. AE???a ?
???? ????u a ???e ??????? ???, ??? o ????o ????e ????ey? ????u ???e. I?
?????u ????? e ???i.
E?e, ????? ???? ???e ?? I???uey y?? ???a e ?i?? ?o??, ? ?????, ?i ?
???????o ????th e ???? nth??a, ???y n ???i ???a, ?e ??i ?ey?y ? ae? ??y
– “???e” e “???e”. Ia ???a ??a ???a a “????” ??ue ?????ny ??ay
?????-?????ay ?eia. N y?? ???a “???e” ??ue ???? ?? ? “????e” e “???e”.
A?e ??????? ?????e ?iy??? “????” ??y ?atho ?y?th?a ??uey n ???e ???ue??
?????y? ???e ?? I???uey, ? ???? “????” e “????aai” ???, ????y ? ?? ???a
???i???? ???????a, ??o ?y?th?o ???a ? ?atho. “I????” ???? ??? ??y? ??yo
a ??? e ?????a ??y I????uey, a ??e ??????y ?iy??? “????” ??y ??th?y ??
?aa??.
2.2 C??e-Aey??y ??? ???e??: ????a, ??? e ??ue
Ia I??i A?? (a A?o??i I????) ????? ??aey?y ? ??????o ? ??? ?????o ???o,
???? — ? ??? ????e ???u. Ii ???eth ?????i ?iy??a —- N??e-Aeyi (??
N??e-Aeyi, 60 ? ? O????a) — ??????a ????? ????? a ???-?y??th ???. I?
??ny?y e y?? ???a e ????u a ??? ??i X ?ny???y — IV—III ?ny???e ? ??e y?;
i???? ???e ???u a y?? ???i ????i ?? — Io1 ?ny???ey ? ??e y? (?? e ??a
???a, ??ny??y e ??? I ?ny???y ??e y?). A?? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?????
???e ?e i??e ???? ???, ????ea ???? ? ?????e ???a. Ii ???e ??e ?e ????tho
???, ??? ??i, y? ??????a a ??a ????? ???-??e e ??? ??????? ??????? ???.
A???th?y ??a ??? ????, ??, ??e, ??. N????e ??i?o ?????a y?y?ny ??????i
???????? ??? ?? e ???? ????? ??e ????? ???? ??o y?? ????
Anth y? ??i ??????oth ??a e a ?????? ??? ?iy??? ???? ????a Ae???i A???
??i ???ue ? ???? ?????? e ??? ??o?o ?iy??o ???-?y??e ???e ?????a. Ii
????o e y??? ??? ??i ??e ?o ????, ???i, N??e-Aeyi. C?? ???o O??????a.
N????? ?????a a N??e-Aey? ???? a ? ?i???e, a ?i, ?a e ? ?i ?a?i ?e
????u.
E????i ???o ?????e a N??e-Aey? ???ue ????? ?? ???????. A?? ???th ??ue ??
?????o ?? i???a ???, a ??? n ?? e ???? ???e, ??e ???o ??aey?y e?? n
?????y?. I??a ? ?o, ??y?i, ????u a ??a. A ???? ???ey ???-?y??o ???? ?i ?
?c ?????ue ?????ue ????a ????, ??u ????? ? ??a ? ?e ?oth ??ue ??u n
?????y?.
N??? ???ue ??a i???? ?? i ???a ????ey ??o ?????e. Ae??? ???, ????, ?????
?ae yo?e ?????y?, ?????y ?????? ??i?e ????e ??y. I??? ??????a ????ey
??????o ?????? ?o. I?? ???, ?i ???a?y?? ??? ???? ????e a ?? ???o ??e,
a?? ???o, ?i ???o. I??? ?? ?a?? ???e ?ae ??? ????e ?e ?, ?e ???ny ?ae
????e ????. Ii ??ye ??? i ???, ????? ???? ? ?????, ???e ? ??/?i, ?? a ?e
? ?????? ???, ???? ????ey – y?e, ????any ??i ?? n ??? a ???? iyo?, a
???e. O? ?a ????y e ???y ??? ?y?ey, ??, ???oe, ??e, ??????? ??? ? ?????
???oth ??o, ?? ? i?i (?e, ???, ? ??) ? ?y?y?y ???? ??c, ????a??e ? y?? a
???? ????a.
???? ???-?y??e ??? a ????o? ????a, ??e ??????. I?? ???ue, ?i ?e, ?e
???i, ????eytho ??e a ?????i ??? ??a ? ?n??, a ??? ?????a ?????y. A ?o
??ayo, ??a ???e ??? ????e ? ????e, ? ??i ???ue ?????? ?????y?. A ???? ?a
y? ?iy?y a ??? ??? ????u ??ue a ????? ??, n ????? ???, ii?? ?i ?????e e
?, e ??ay ???a ?????? ?????? a ????o ???? ?????a, ? ???? ?? io ??a ??e-?
??? ??ueth e ???aeyo ???i ?? a ??a ?? a ??i e ?i ? ??????. A ??o ??ayo
??a ????a ee?y?, ????e??? a ??????i ???a, ???i, ??e?e ????a. A EO –
????e, ??????i ????, o.a. ?????i ????. N?? “?????? ?????y”, ???i, a ???
??? ??o ?????? ?????. I? ??/?o, ?i ?a? ??o ? i ????? a ??iy?i ??? ??a, a
?? ? ?????? ????e e ????o ?????th, a ? e ??? ????, ?e yoi ? ??i ? ??
????? ??ayo, ???? ?e ?????e ??u e ?? ??e ? ????o ???? ?????? ?????o
E???o ????. Ii ??y ????y a ???-?y??o ?????o ???a?o e ???? ??? ?????i.
I?a ? ??, ???e ???iyth?y ?i???ey y?e ???, – ? nth??. Nth?? yoe ???th?y
????? ??iy???, ???, ??iy??i y? ??????i ??, ? ??a ?e ? ???? ????o N??e.
Oai a ??? ?????o ?????? ?? ??c, ?? nth?o – ??. C?? ? ????ii ???atho ? ??
???? ???????yo I??? A?? e O??e – a N?a-?-A?a, O????a??, E? – iy? nth??a:
???, ??a, ?ay, ??a, ??ue-??.
Oe????? ??i ??e ?????e N??e-Aey? ???tho e ???? ???i ????a?? ??????? ?? –
“???”. E??u y? ???-iyth?y ??? ?y ?o ???e ??u e ??y. E, i??a ??i ?i, ?i
y? ? ??? ?? ?e ???a, a a ???yth?i ?????a ??? ???, o.a. ????, ????????,
?????y ?????? ?oe. E??u ????i ??????, ?i ??? ??? ? a ???i-??? ???e???,
????? ?o?u ?e ??.
E??y ? ???? ????i ???yth??y ????a, ??a ??i ????ue ??? ? ? ??i ????yi, ?
??a ??. I???, ?????e ?y ?????a ?????e ??? ??? ?e i?e, ?????, ?????? ?
????yi. A ??eo ??ayo ? ??i ??? y????-???oth, ????oth ???? ??? ??.
A???th?y ??a ??? a ??a ??a ?e ??a ????? ????oe. N??th?th ??? ??i
????eytho ??? ??????? ?e, ?i ?a ??, ?y????? ??u. I??ueii ??eyth?y ae??
??? n ???? ???e ??ueth e ?y? ????i ?????, ??? ?? ?a?ae ???? e ?y?????
??.
C?????? ??? ?y? ??i y?y?ny ?, ?i ?e ??i ????u ???, ?a ??aey?y ????, ???a
??a, e ?i? ? ??i ???th?a ??o, ???y ??e, ???? ?e ?y? ????e ???i?e. O??
??? ????tho ??o ??uey?, a ??? n ?i e ??i. Eo ??i ???ue ?y?? ??uy????e ?e
????e ????.
A ???ithth ??? ???iyth?y ??? ?c a???i ???a, n ??i ??? ?????i ?e n ?i
y????e a a?a ??? ??? ?e ???????o ???.
O?? ???i, ??i ???? ??oth?a ?? ??i:
I???a.
ss????-????,
O??????a.
I?y?????.
N ???? ???? e ?y?i ?????.
I??y???? ?e ??????.
I?????.
O????? ??? ?y? ??i y?yth?y ? ?????a ??u a ?? ??? ? ???? ???e, “?y?a”.
E??a ?? y? ???atho ?????? ??u e ???tho ??? ?? ???. A ??? ??ayo ?e
???ytho ??? ? ??? ? ? ???, ? e ? ??o ???o. Ia ??o? O??????e ??? ??a
????? ?ae? ???? a ??o ??ayo ??? ? ??? e ???, ?e o ??a; a ??? – ???? ?? ?
???.
I?? ??eyth?y ?a ?????y ae???o – ??e. O ?o ??????e ?? i???u ??u ??, a
?????e ???. N?????? ?????ueth ??o y?o ??? y?y?ny ???a a ?o ??????? ???e
a ?? ????-???? e ???, ???i ??????, ?e ? ???, ???a?? ??? – ????, ???,
??e, ???.
A??? ???n ???tho ??a ???, ???a ??i ???ue ???e. I ?i, ?i y? ??? ??u,
??????otho ????? ? ???? ?????e ????e, ????th?? ????th ??o ????i ??a.
E????ey ?? ?????? ?e a O??????i, ?e e a N??e-Aey?. Ia ??? ?????e ?? a
N??e-Aey? yn? ??i, ?i y? ??, a O??????i ? – y? ??? ?e ??.
I???i ??i ???? ?a ??? ?aey?o ??, ???a ?y?i n ???ie ????. I? ????? a
????? ???a – o ?o ???ay ??ue, ???ay, ?????ay ???a, ????th?y ???th ?e,
???, ??? ???? ?e ???y.
I????i ??? ??i ??e ???-?y??o ?????a ?????o ????th??y, ?ayi. O??u ?? n ?
???, ???th??y ?????? ?e ???ueth ??i ???tho ???iy???a ????? ?e ??yo a ???
????a ???e ?e ? ????y ??ue. A ?y? ???a ?? ???? ? ??yo ??????, ?? ? ??.
E? y? ? ???a??, ? a ????? ?????yo A??, a ??e ????y ??a ????, ???? ???
??i ???e ????? ???? ?e ???? e???e ??????y ????th ?????o ??.
A?ue ??????? ????ey, ??a ? ??? N??e-Aey? ??ou ??e; ?e a ?y? ??ayo
????th?y ? ????, a ????th?y ?????, ?e ? ??? ???ey?. A ??i ????a n ???e
???yth?y ??a ???.
I?????a ??u ???-?y??o ?????a, ? ?????a ?e ???????i y??ey ???? ??y?i
???atho a ? ??a. I????? ??y ???? ????? ?????e y?? ??i ??u ?e ????e ? n
?????? ???? ??? N??e n ??????e ?y ?a ?????e ?????y? ?e ???, ???th ?
????eth ? ??????e ???y? ? ??????o ??e ? A??a e ? A??a ???o ?o???ue y??e
????i ??.
E????i ?a ?i ? ?? ??? i???o nth??a, ?? ?? ??????? ???a. A ??a A???? N??e
?????? ?????? ??c ??y – ?ny. Ia A??a ? ??? ??i a ?????o ????ae? ? ??th,
a ????, ???, ??????? ???i, ???i. E ?a ??? ???? ???? ??o ????? ?????
??i?? ??, n ??e ???u, e ????i ???a – n ???, ??????ny a i????oyo ????e
?????th?? nth?? ???? ?????a – ??i. E? ????? ??? ??i N??e-Aey?, O??????th
e E?, a ?????a y? ????a ????a ???????i, ??e ???o ??? ??e, ?????
?????th??y ???e. E??i ?a, ???ue, a ??a, ????? ?y??? ? ???ueth ???????a
??e e ??? ??e y?yth?y ? ??? ?????e ????e ??ueth,? e ????i ????a?th?i
y?i??i ??? ????? ?????e A?? e O??e.
E ??a ???a, i???a ???? ??????? ???? ??o ????? ?e???i A?? e A???? N??e
??th??ny a ?i, ?i a ???e ? ????o ?????a ??i-?????i ????? ????ieyi ??u
???? e y????y. I? ??e?u, ???e a ??i ?/?i ?c???. I????, ???u ? ???
??e-???, ? ?? e ??? ???.
I?th? ???o, ?i ???? ??o ?e???i ???? ??? e ? ??????a a ????e ??a ??? a
??th ??i?o ???????i ?????, a ?????? ???ai ????a. ????y y? ???a?ny a ?i,
?e ?, ???e ???? ? ?n ????i ??, ?????e e ???a??? ???????? a ??i ???????
????.
N??th?y ????, ? ???e ????? ?????ny, – ??? ????e e ????? ?????a ???-?y???
??. Ae?a ?e ???, ??????i, ?????? n ?? ?e ????yo ?????a ???? ?a???. E?
???? A. E???, ?????ue ?????e a N??e-Aey? ???i ???? e ??? ? ??e ???e, ?i
? i??o?i ????? ??? ????o ??? e ? ???.
Ia ???? ????e ?????a A?? ????ue ??a ??y? ? ?????? ???a ???a A??, ?????y
a ???yo ????? ???i y?eth???? a ??? ??????y y????a, ?????i? ?y ?o ??????y
i ??????e ???? ???a A?? a ??i.
O? ? ??a, ?ath?y ??u ???e ???oth, ? ???e ??, ??ue y?o ?????e e ???
?????o ???e, ?????ue ? ???? ??i I y??e ???a e ?e y?i ?y?? n ?????? ?e???
??????? ???e ? Ae??? A???.
E???a y? ?? ???a ?y??a a ????? ???? ??????? ??? ? i. N?o ??? I????, a
???yo A??. A ????? ?????e ??a ???e ?iy??? y?? ??, ?????o ?y “????” ???a
I??? A??, a ??a ??????a i???? o n. A?????e, ?? ??y O???. C?? ???u ??
????u ??? n ???????e ?????y?. Ia ?o ????? ???, a ???? ??a ?, ?e e ?
?o??o e o????? ?????o N???i ??o ???? ? ??? e ? ?????o ??????ny ??? ??i a
??e ? ??a, a ???? ??i.
Eth???a ?????y ?????ue ?????eo ??i ? A?????e, ????th?y i ???o ?????a.
E??y ? ?o ??a? ???-?y??i ??????? ?????yi ?e ??i ???? a ??eyo ? ???y?
??oth, ???thth, a ??o ?ith ?????th ????????, ?? ?????? a ??eyo ??e. O
??e ??a ???a, o ??ie ???? ??? ????a, e ?y ??? ??o ?????? ???u ??a? ????i
???-?y??i ???i.
I??, a ??i ??????? ????ue ??? ? ?a ???. A ??oth ??yo ???? ?????a ?????y,
? ??oth – ??a ???????ith, n ????? ????ae e op????? ????a. E??? ????? y?o
????e ??o ???ue ? ??? N??e-Aey?, ?a ????? ?????? ?a ???i ????i ??i
??????? ?????i e ???? ? ??u ??????? ????e ??????i ??, a ?? ???a c???
????, ??? ???a ?? n ??? ???ath?y ??? ? ?n, ??a e ?o ????i ????.
A?? ????ny ??? ?? a y?eth?e ?????a N??e-Aey?, O??????? e E?. Ae????y ??
????a ????? ?i???? ? I??i A?? ???????y ?????? ? ???a e ??th ????????e
?????y? – ???? ??e, ???e. Nth? ? ??yo ???e ??? ??, e??? e y?yth?y ??? ?y
???????? ???a. Y? ?? ??y ???e ???? ????i ?????ia??e ????, ??????? ? i.
N?o, a E???, a ???o ?iyo A??????? ????y. Ii ???????i ??? y? ??? ?ny???a
? ??e y?.
O??y ?? ??ey?ny ? ??????? ???, ??/??i ??i. O?a y? ???????y ????i
??????th?o ????e, ????i ??????e. Ae????ue ??ueth ?? ????e??? ??i II –
???i I ?n. ? i. y.
Ec ?? ??u ???? e ?????o ?????a n ???? ??ey?ny ? ?o?? e ????a ??i ??? a
E????, ?i? ???? ? ????o ?i n??n ??o ?????a. A? ?????ue, ??? ??i a ???a
????ey ??i. I? ? ???, a ???? ? ??a, ?i ???? y? ?????y n ?? ????e
N??e-Aey?, ???a ????i e ??? ?????o e ??o ?iy??? y?? ???a, ?oy??o ???e.
A??y ?????ue y?? ??i – ? ???. A ???a ? ?? ??? ???? ??i ??ue ??th??ny
??????y n oy?o??i e ?y?i ??yi, a ? ???. Y? ? ?????ue ???o, ??? ?? ? ???e
???? ???, a ??? n ?i y?y?ny ??????? ???i, ???th?i ? ? ???? ??u ???? ??i,
?????o a ????? ???a, ????? ????, a ? ???e ?e a E????. E??u ?????? ??ue a
??o ??????o ????. Yoi ??? ?? “???i” ???? ????a ????? ???ia A??. E?????
??? ??i ???e e I ?n. ? i. y. ?e e ??? I ?n. i. y. O? ? ???n ????ey ???
??????? ??, ??u ? ??? ???????e ????, ??i a E?ei??, ?a, ???, ? ?e a ???
???, ? ???i ??????o, ???i ?y??i??o, ??o e ???o. Y? ????y ?? ??????e
?????a I??? A??.
Ec ??i ????? ???o, ?i ??a ??i ???y y?eth?y ???? ????a ???? ???i, ???i ?
?i y??, ???e ????y ?a a ???? y?? ???a, ????i ??, ?aey ? E???ea e ???i
N??e-Aey?, y?eth?y y? ?a a ?? ????o, ??????e ????o, – th?? e ????. I??e
???o ????e??ny oy??i?i a ????a e ??? ??e; ??? – e ?y?e. A???i, ??ue
??????ny ?y?, n ??e ???u n ????? ????, ???o ??? (?y????? ??ue), a n ???
– th??, o.a. ???? (??????e ??ue).
A ??iy?a ??y ???? ??ue ???????e ????? ?????e ? I??i A?? e a ??? O??e,
???th?o ??? ????oth ???iy???th ??? ??e ?? ??? ??o ?????e N???e A?e e ???
???? ????? ????. Yoi N??e-Aeyi e Eey, O??????a e On??, ???e a E???? e o
???i ???? I? a ???yo A??.
E???a ?????a I??? A?? e O??e ???? e ??oth?i ?????? ??ae?.
A? a ????, ???? 10-12 ?ny/ ?o ?? ??ae, ??a ? I??i A?? ?a ? ?? ???? ????i
?????ey ??y?e ???, ? ??yo a N??e-Aey? ?y??? ??? ?????y ?? e ????.
A ???a, ??i 6-5 ?ny/ ?o ?? ??ae, ? I??i A?? ?????y ???y e ??? ???ay ? ??
???e ???? ???o ????a e ???e?, a ae?? ???? ??????? ??i ???? ae??a ????e
???e ??, ?? e ??o?. Ii ???i A?? ????? ???e ? ????, ???i e ??????? ???
??a n ?????i a ??? ????e ?????.
O????? ??? y?e i?????? ???? y?y?? ?????? ????i, a ??? ???? ????y ???
?????ue?e ??ue, ??? ???ay ??????y ?????a: ???e, “???ay ????a” – ??a ?
????ath??y ??uo ??e. A ???a, a ??o ?oue e ???, ?y??? ?o?????a ?????y –
??e ?e ???.
E???? ????i ???a ?????ue ia ??????. A? E.ss. O???? ???e, ?i a ????e
?????? ???? ??o ???ey? ???? ???i, ???? ??a, ????e E????, a ??a I????.
N????i ??o ?y?e ??? ???a ?n?????? ?????i ????a, a ??? ???? ????y ??o ??.
Y?o ??ae ??o ?? ??????i e ??a – ? A?o??th e A???.
A ???? e ???a ?????? ???iy???a ??? ???. Ei ?????? ??a aea ?????a, ??i
???ue, «?????» ?e??u, ???a ??i ??? a ?? ???aa ??? ??e e a ?? ????
??????o ????a, a ??? n ?i e ???i ??????. I?? ? ??o ???? e ?? ?e??a
??????o ??????o ???, ??? ?? ??? ????i ? ?i ???? y??i ????a, ?ey?a ????,
?? ???, ?????ue ??ei ? ????e y?? ???.
Ia ??a ????a ??????? ???iey I??? A?? ???? ??ue aea ?????? ????? a
N??e-Aey?, a Oa??????, ? ?. E? – *??? I??. Aeey ?o ????? ????? ???e ?e
????i o?????th?? y???a, ???a ??o ? a ???? ??????? ??i ?e e a ?????a
??????e ???ee. I????u I??? A?? ???o ???? ?e ??oth ???ue ? ?? ????o ?????
a N???e A?e ???? ????? ?????e. I? ???thony ? ??? ??i ?????a nth??? –
??????i ??????i ??i ?????a, ?e e ???, ???i ?????i ??? ??????? ?? Ei
?????a ????y e ?????, e ???????.
N????e ??? y?? ????a ?? ???a ???? n ???e ???? ?th?ie, ??y?? ????e –
??y??y th??e, a ???o ??th????th ?eue ??? ??e ?e ???? ??????ey ????? ????
a ??a.
A ????? ?????yo I??? A?? ????? e ???oth?a ???y ??????i ???? ? A??:
?y????ue ??? ???? – ?oy?? ???i, ???a ???? e ?????, a ??a ??a ???a ???? ?
A?? ??????? ??i ???? ????. I I?????? a ??? A?? ???o o??? ?????,
A???i, ???? ? I????uey, ??a ??y?i ???? ???e ????? ???? o ???i ???? I?,
?a y?i ???? ??????ay ????.
2.3 A????ay ??? ?????a: ????a, ??? e n??.
I????u C???? I???uey ???a, ??y?i, ????e ??ae ??y?i ??? a 1902 ??. Ii
????? ???? N??i, ??? ??? ????? ? A?????e ???? (1930 ?ae), ? ?? A??a
i???a y????y, ???y ?y?i n ????o?e ???? ???ue «Y????y 1902 ??» [19].
E???i, ?i a ???a — ??y?a 1902 ?? ? A?? ??o ???y? Iiy??i e ?a?a e ?
???ath?o ???i?yo ???? y????y A. O. A????, ???e???ay ?????i ??????? ????i
«n ??th ???a ??, ?????????o a ???????i ????? [20]. I???? y????e ?? ?
???ue ?????.
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