AeIEEAAe
E?ANIIss?NEEE IA?E OEI?U E OAOIU
«?IAA ?O*AE»
Ia?e oei?u e oaoiu «?iaa ?o/ae» – iaeei ec e?oiiaeoeo ciiia?eia Neae?e,
?aniieiaeaiiue a aeeaiieniuo ie?anoiinoyo E?aniiy?nea, ?yaeii n
caiiaaaeieeii «Noieau».
«?iaa ?o/ae» – iaeia ec «aeceoiuo ea?oi/ae» E?aniiy?nea. A «aeceoiay
ea?oi/ea «?iaaa ?o/uey» – e?anaaaoe aaeue iaaeaaaeue ii i?icaeuo
Eiiaiaei? Naaeia, iiaea?aiiue ia?eo aoaa?iaoi?ii E?aniiy?neiai e?ay
Aeaenaiae?ii Oeiiiieiui.
Enoi?ey ia?ea «?iaa ?o/ae» ia/aeanue nianai iaaeaaii, enoi?ey aea
caiunea — cia/eoaeueii ?aiueoa. Eae ecaanoii, iaaieueoie «aeeaie oaieie»
i?e caiiaaaeieea «Noieau» nouanoaiaae ie iaeii aeanyoeeaoea. Aai eae
ioieo ia?aie iiiiue aeeaioiui aianoa n ioaeai Aeaeaeinii Aeoeueeaeoii a
ia/aea 60–o aiaeia ioe?uea iaeia ec ia?auo aee?aeoi?ia caiiaaaeieea
Aeaia E?ooianeay. Auaeeaae «i?etho aeey aeeaioiuo» oieueei ca n/ao
yiooceacia aai nio?oaeieeia. E?aniiy?oeu /ai iiaee, iiiiaaee aeeaioiui.
Iaeiaei eeaoie aeaaii ia oaaoaei, ?aoeeii noaiiaeeny ana aaaeiae, /anoi
caa?ae ia/ai auei ei?ieoue.
E aio a aeaeaa?a 1999 aiaea ii eieoeeaoeaa aeaau ai?iaea E?aniiy?nea
Iao?a Eaaiiae/a Ieiaoeiaa auei i?eiyoi ?aoaiea: i?enooieoue e ?aaioai ii
nicaeaieth ia?ea oei?u e oaoiu. I?aeoe/anee no?ieoaeuenoai ia?ea
ia/aeinue a oaa?aea 2000 aiaea, ii oaea 15 aaaonoa yoiai aea aiaea auea
oi?aeanoaaiii ioe?uoa ia?aay i/a?aaeue aeey e?aniiy?oeaa e ainoae
ai?iaea.
Naia iacaaiea «Ia?e oei?u e oaoiu «?iaa ?o/ae» iieo/ee ii ?acoeueoaoai
iauaai?iaeneiai eiieo?na.
A 2002 a. noaei ynii, /oi ia?e aeoeaii ?anoao e ?acaeaaaony, o iaai
na?ueaciua ia?niaeoeau. Noaoon ciiia?ea aio i?enaiai a naioya?a 2003
aiaea, e oaia?ue ii n i?aaii iiaeao iacuaaoueny naiui iaeoaaiui ia?eii.
Ieiuaaeue ia?ea ninoaaeyao 30 aa, ia eioi?uo ?aniieiaeaiu
yeniiceoeeiiiua aieuea?u, a oaeaea cae?uoua aieuea?iua eiiieaenu aeey
niaea?aeaiey aeeaioiuo. *oiau iaieoe e ia oi?iiynue iciaeiieoueny n
eaaeaeui iaeoaoaeai ia?ea, iio?aaoaony /ana 1,5, ia iaiueoa. Aaeaaeiaaii
yoio iooue i?iaeaeuaatho io 300-400 (a aoaeiea aeie) aei 3 ouny/ /aeiaae
(a auoiaeiua).
«?iaa ?o/ae» oieeaeai ai iiiaeo ioiioaieyo. Ia?e ?aniieiaeai a naiii
aeeaiieniii i?aaeianouea E?aniiy?nea. Ii ?aniieiaeai ia aeeaiieniii
aa?aao Aienay, e?oouie oa??anaie nioneathuainy e oieiaeiui aiaeai
iiao/ae neae?neie ?aee. Ionthaea ioe?uaaaony aaeeeieaiiue aeae ia
aaee/anoaaiiua io?iae Ainoi/iiai Nayia – «?iaa ?o/ae» ?aniieiaeeeny ii
ninaaenoao ni ciaiaieoui neae?neei «naaeii eaiaiiuo oeaaoia» –
caiiaaaeieeii «Noieau».
AEeaioiuo ie?oaeaao iaiaueiiaaiiay ii e?anioa i?e?iaea e /enoaeoee
oaaaeiue aicaeoo, /oi nicaeatho i?ae?aniua oneiaey aeey iaeoaiey e
?aciiiaeaiey aeeaioiuo. Neaaeoao ioiaoeoue, /oi aeeaioiua a iaoai
caa?eioea ioithaeue ia eiatho caio/aiiiai aeaea, ca ieie ooaaeeaatho,
iiyoiio iie nuoaiueeea e aeaaeaiueeea.
Anoue caeanue e auaii aeey aa?aethaeia, ceiieee aeey eiiuoiuo,
aeaaiono?iaiiua aieuea?u aeey oeuiuo ioeoe, no?aonia, ieiaaeiia,
iio?ynathuee aieuea? aeey aaeuo iaaeaaaeae — n eneonnoaaiiuie ai?aie,
ica?ii, aeaa i?oaea aeey aiaeiieaaathueo ioeoe, ana iaeneiaeueii
i?eaeeaeaiiua e anoanoaaiiiio niaea?aeaieth aeeaioiuo. A ia?niaeoeaa —
aioaie/aneee naae e i?aiaea?ae.
Nae/an a eieeaeoeee ia?ea «?iaa ?o/ae» nia?aia oaioanoe/aneay aeey
no?iaiai neae?neiai eeeiaoa eieeaeoeey aeeeeo aeeaioiuo – iaeoaoaee
aeiaeaeaauo o?iie/aneeo eania, aea?eeo ionouiue, ao?eeaineeo ica? e
aeieeiu Ieea. Ainoe ia?ea iiaoo iiethaiaaoueny ia aaeiai iaaeaaaey e
oea?y caa?ae – ao?eeaineiai eueaa e iiiaeanoai ae?oaeo oaeeaeoaeueiuo
iaeoaoaeae iaoae ieaiaou. A ciiia?ea iaeia ec e?oiiaeoeo a ie?a
eieeaeoeee eioa/ueeo. Anaai aieaa 1300, a o./. i/aiue ?aaeeea e oeaiiua
aeaeu aeeaioiuo. N?aaee ieo 53 aeaea ioeoe e caa?ae, caianaiiuo a
Iaaeaeoia?iaeioth E?anioth eieao, 27 – a E?anioth eieao ?O.
N?aaee ioeoe – yoi aeo?aaeue-e?anaaea, nieie-aaeiaai, nainai,
i?eai-aaeioaino, i??e-iiaeeueiee, e?aniiciaay eaca?ea, ai?iue aonue,
iaiaea?eiea, cieioenoue oacai, eaeaaeo eeiiiiioioeue, oeeei, a n?aaee
aeeaioiuo – aaeue iaaeaaaeue e iaaeaaaee aeiaeaeneea, onno?eeneee oea? e
ao?eeaineee eaa, aeaeueiaainoi/iua eaiia?aeu e niaaeiue aa?n, na?aaeu,
e?aniua ?une, e?aniua aieee, eenu-ei?naee, eiou aeaa??iaua-?uaieiau,
coa?u, oaie? ?aaieiiue, onno?eeneea iyoienoua ieaie, aeioi?iaea eiceu
(ia?oo?u), aa?iiaeneee iooeii e coa?, oea?iaue ieoii, a oaeaea
o?iie/aneea ?uaee – iaiiiaay ?aaeoaeieoea, aoa?eia Aianiaia e e?aniay
aoa?eia.
A iniiaiii «?iaa ?o/ae» i?aaenoaaeai aeeaioiuie, ii aaaeue iani?inoa ii
iacaai ia?eii oei?u e oaoiu. Ia?e – aaeeinoaaiiue a ?innee, aaea
?anoaieyi oaeaeyaony ia iaiueoa aieiaiey, /ai aeeaioiui. A a ie?a
iiaeiaiuo ia?eia aiiaua aaeeieoeu.
Iiieii i?e?iaeiuo aea?aaueaa, caeanue auee naeaeaiu iaaieueoea
iiaenaaeee ?yaeiu, e?ae, aeoie e o?oeoiauo ii?iae, ii oaea io?aaioaia
oeaeay oei?enoe/aneay i?ia?aiia, niaeanii eioi?ie ia oa??eoi?ee ia?ea
aeieaeiu iiyaeoueny ?yaeiiaua, eeiiaua, iiaeaeaaaeiaua aeeae e
ianaaeaeaiey ooe.
«?iaa ?o/ae» – yoi oi ianoi, aaea aeooa ai?iaeaieia ?aciya/aaony e
ioaeuoaao. Eaaeeoeoee?iaaiiua yeneo?niaiaeu ?anneaaeoo iiiai eioa?aniiai
i ethaii iaeoaoaea Ia?ea. Eaaeaeue aiae a Ia?ea ?iaeaeathony e
iiae?anoatho iaeuoe. Eaaeaeue aeaiue caeanue iia e iaiau/ai. Iaeoaoaee
«?iaaa ?o/uey» aeeaoo naiae oaeinoaaiiie iieiie caaaaeie aeey /aeiaaea
aeeciueth. Caeanue iiaeii niaa?oaiii neo/aeii iiaeniio?aoue
oaeeaeoaeueiua e caaaaiua noeaiu ec aeecie a?aoueaa iaoeo iaiueoeo.
Eeaoeo n iaaeaaaeaoaie au ii?aaeaeeoa n?aco – aicea ia? anaaaea ia?iae n
oieeueiuie oeceiiiieyie oieieony, ?aaeoaony, ia ea?u iaeeeo iaaeaaaeueeo
?aayoeoae ethaoaony. Yoe thiua ae?ocuey ana a aeaeao: oacee n aiaeie
ia?aaa?ioee, oocyo ae?oa ae?oaa aani?a?uaii, aeiaieueii e?oiiua eaiaoee
oaneatho – o?aie?othony. A iaeei iaaeaaaeiiie iao/eeny auniei
acae?aoueny ii naoea caa?aaeaeaiey. Aeieacao aei aa?oa, oeaieyynue ca
?aoaoeo, e aeneo, naa?oo ia anao iiaeyaeuaaao. Oaeea niaoiua!
A ia?auie iaeoaoaeyie «?iaaa ?o/uey» auee aiee Ayi, ?unue Aeeene,
iaaeaaaeeoea Iaoa e ai?ii Ei?ae. Nthaea iie ia?aei/aaaee ec «AEeaiai
oaieea», /oi iiiai eao nouanoaiaae ia Noieaao. Ayi oaea oia?, a aio
iaaeaaaeeoea Iaoa, aic?anoa eioi?ie ieeoi ia ciaao, ii-i?aaeiaio – iaeia
ec aeinoii?eia/aoaeueiinoae ciiia?ea. Iaoa – caa?ue aeeo?aoiue e oae
anee oeaaeanue a ceiithth niy/eo, oi nieo io aeooe. A ioee/ea io naiaai
noi?oaa Aoyia, eioi?ue auaaao iin?aaee ceiu i?inuiaaony e o?aaotho
eaeiai-ieaoaeue eaeiinoaa. Iioii canuiaao iiyoue.
Ai?i/ai, eaeiinoaa caeanue ethayo ana. Aaeeeieaiiue aio?neee oea? Eaae?
– ia eneeth/aiea. Ii, iiieii anaai i?i/aai, eae auynieeinue, n/anoeeaue
naiueyiei. Io a?aea n E?eneie, eioi?ay iiiaea a «?iaa ?o/ae» ec
Ia?ineiai ciiia?ea, ?iaeeeenue oea?yoa ?ooa e Aeiea. Oea?eoea E?enea n
ia?aiai acaeyaea iiethaeea Eaae?a! E iaia – ianoiyuay! Naieo aeaieo
aeaoaiuoae auei?ieea e aeaoo noiao?aineeo oea?yo, io eioi?uo ?iaeiay
iaia ioeacaeanue, io aieiaeiie nia?oe nianea!
Aicea eeaoee n aaeui iaaeaaaeai anaaaea iiiaiethaeii, ia?iae
aeiaeeaeaaony i?aaenoaaeaiey. Eiiaiaei? Naaeia – ianoiyuee a?oeno!
Naaeia oi aaeueyaeii ia ai?ea ?acaaeeeny, eaiu ?aneeioe, ioaeuoaao, ia
nieiuoei aeio?eony. A oi aae?oa n ?acaaao i?ua – a aannaei! A?ucae ai
ana noi?iiu! Ec-iiae aiaeu oi oainoee, oi eaia iieaaeaony, oi aanue
Naaeia – Aai Eiia?aoi?neia Aaee/anoai.
Aiai?yo, i?aaeaea /ai aua?aoue aai ec o?ieo iaaeaaaeao a
Naieo-Iaoa?ao?aneii ciiia?ea, aoaa?iaoi? aeieai iaaethaeae ca aiciae
iaeuoae. Aoaeouee Eiiaiaei? Naaeia a ae?aeo aeaai?acoiii ia aaycuaaeny,
n aeinoieinoaii iaaethaeay ca enoiaeii iioaniaee ni noi?iiu.
A a nei?ii a?aiaie o Eiiaiaei?a Naaeiaa ia/ioony Naaaeaaiua oeiiiou.
E?anaaaoe-iaaeaaaeue au?in e, iaeiiaoe, noae aeaieoii. A iaaanou aio
i?eaacoo ianoiyuoth iiey?ioth iaaeaaaeeoeo. Iinea iieo/aiey
iaiaoiaeeiiai ?ac?aoaiey ia ioeia, ca iae niaoeeaeueii ioi?aayony ia
Naaa?iue iiethn. O Eiiaiaei?a – aaeeeieaiiay ?iaeineiaiay. Iaia –
iaaeaaaeeoea Oneaaea ec Eacaineiai ciiia?ea, iaia – ec aeeeie i?e?iaeu.
Iioiinoai o Eiiaiaei?a aoaeao yeeoiia!
Iaaea?ii ia eiieo?na e?aniou n?aaee caa?ae ciiia?ea Eiiaiaei? Naaeia, ia
i?eeeaaeuaay iniauo oneeee, caiye ia?aia ianoi e noae «Ienoa? «?iaa
?o/ae». Oaeiio enoiaeo caeanue ieeoi ia oaeeaeeny, e?anioa, eae
ecaanoii, – no?aoiay neea.
Enoaoe, aoi?oth nooiaiue iueaaeanoaea caiye eaiia?ae Eaii, oea?ue caa?ae
eaa Aai?eo oieueei ia o?aoueai ianoa. A iyoa?eo e?anaaoeaa aioee oea?
Eaae? e coa? Io?-Io?.
Ei?ieaaie e?aniou noaea aeaeueiaainoi/iay eaiia?aeeoa Aeeaia. Aeeaia –
aei/ea eaiia?aeia Eaaia e Naiae?u – oiaea iaeoaoaeae «?iaaa ?o/uey».
E?iia ieo, ooo iaaeaaii iiyaeeny aeaeueiaainoi/iue eaiia?ae A?aeo. Anaai
aea a ciiia?eao ie?a niaea?aeeony ieiei 100 iniaae aeaeueiaainoi/iiai
eaiia?aea, a oi a?aiy eae a aeeeie i?e?iaea eo anaai ieiei 30 (!) e
oa?ica eo nouanoaiaaieth aic?anoaao. Iieo/aaony, /oi a E?aniiy?neii
ciiia?ea nae/an «iaeoaao» iaeia aeanyoay iiioeyoeee aeaeueiaainoi/iiai
eaiia?aea a aeeeie i?e?iaea!
Aua iaeei aaeeeieaiiue yecaiiey? ia?ea – Aueyiea – niaaeiue aa?n
(aa?iaa, aa?neoa), iioiaea ia ei?ieaao, oioy e caaiaaaea a eiieo?na
iyoia ianoi, yaeyaony neiaieii Aeoaa-Nayineiai yei?aaiia. Yoa
e?anaaeoea, aeeaao a E?aniiy?neii ciiia?ea oaea o?aoee aiae, aiai?yo,
/oi a iae oa/ao «eoaeueyineay e?iaue» aa?nia, aeeaoueo a ciiia?eao
Eoaeee. Aa?neoa aaaeao naay i/aiue ne?uoii, inoi?iaeii, eae anyeay iniaa
aieoauo e?iaae, e ?aaeei iieacuaaaony iinaoeoaeyi, oi anoue aaaeao naay
oae, eae e aa ?iaee/e, aeeaouea ia aiea a ai?ao.
Aueyiea oiaea euoo aeaieoa, ii iiea aac?acoeueoaoii. A i?e?iaea, eae
ecaanoii, niaaeiuo aa?nia i?aeoe/anee ia inoaeinue. A ?innee a aeeeie
i?e?iaea aa?nia inoaeinue anaai ieiei 100-150 oooe e nio?aiaiea yoiai
?aaeeiai aeaea – yoi iaeia ec aeaaiuo caaea/ aeey Aeoaa-Nayineiai
i?iaeoa WWF.
Yecioeeie Ia?ea iiaeii niaei iacaaoue aaeuo aa?aethaeia e e?aniuo
aieeia. Aa?aethaeu aeaenoaeoaeueii ioeeaatho iaiau/iie aaeeciie, e,
aiai?yo, ie a iaeiii ciiia?ea ?innee aieueoa iao yoeo oaeeaeoaeueiuo
aeeaioiuo. E?aniua aieee ii oi?ia oaea iaiiiai iaiiieiatho een, a eo
ie?an nei?aa ao?i-?uaeee, iaaeaee e?aniue. Oae /oi iacaaiea a aieueoae
noaiaie oeacuaaao ia ia oeaao oeuieea, a ia aai i?eiaaeeaaeiinoue e
eieaa ?aaeeeo e en/acathueo aeaeia. Anoue naaaeaiey, /oi e?aniue aiee
iaeoaao ia thaa e?ay, ii a nayce n aai iaeie /eneaiiinoueth e iinoiyiiie
iea?aoeeae iao oaa?aiiinoe, /oi ia?a ec «?iaaa ?o/uey» ia yaeyaony
nae/an aaeeinoaaiiie.
A ianoiyuaa a?aiy Ia?e iiiieieeny aua ianeieueeeie aaeeeieaiiuie
i?aaenoaaeoaey oaoiu – oanoue aee?aoia, noieueei aea caa? e
iyoiaaeoeaoue aioeeii! ?aoaaony aii?in n i?eia?aoaieai neiia.
Eacaeinue au, ?aaioieee ia?ea aeieaeiu auoue caeioa?aniaaiu, /oiau
iinaoeoaee nei?aa i?ioee e iieeioee aai oa??eoi?eth. Ai iao, caeanue
iai?oaeiaaiu ianoa aeey ioaeuoa ai?iaeai. Aeaoneee ai?iaeie n
aoo?aeoeeiiaie i?aa?auaao «?iaa ?o/ae» a ia?e naiaeiiai aeinoaa.
Ac?ineua anaaaea niiaoo ia?aeoneoue e ioaeioiooue a othoiii eaoa.
Oaeou – aauue oi?yiay: ia?aua aea eiioaeou n aeeeie i?e?iaeie caiaaeatho
a na?aeoea ia anth aeeciue, aeaoe, /anoi iinauathuea ciiia?ee, ?aaea
aieatho, iaiueoa iiaeaa?aeaiu ia?aiui ?anno?ienoaai, eo/oa o/aony e
ii/oe ia nni?yony n i?aaiio?aieoaeueiuie i?aaiaie.
Naiia aeaaiia, /aeiaae, iauaynue n i?e?iaeie, aeeaioiui e ?anoeoaeueiui
ie?ii, na?anuaaao n aeooe a?oc aeeoaeneeo i?iaeai, noaiiaeony ioae?aa e
aeia?aa.
Oae /oi ioaeuoaeoa ia naaaeai aicaeooa e iaae?aeoanue aeeaeoaeueiie
i?e?iaeiie neeu! A ia?ea, ca aeinoaoi/ii ei?ioeoth enoi?eth aai
nouanoaiaaiey, ?iaeeeinue iaiaei e?aneauo eaaaiae, iniiaie aeey eioi?uo
noaee ?aaeueiua niauoey. Iai?eia?, i oii, eae auei?ieea ?unyo eioea, eee
i oii, eae o?iaaoaeueii ooaaeeaatho ae?oa ca ae?oaii naiaoe e naiea
iaeaee-?acon. A oae i iaaeaaaea, ea?athuai eaiiyie, /ooue ee ia ianie
neaaatho. Ia?e ?ac?anoaaony, iaiyao naie iaeee, oaaee/eaaao /enei
iaeoaoaeae. Oi?ioi caa?yi – oi?ioi ethaeyi!
Aeia?i iiaeaeiaaoue a «?iaa ?o/ae»!
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