1. Enoi?e/aneia i?ioeia e?ieiaeeeia
E?ieiaeeeu iiyaeeenue ia ieaiaoa ieiei 200 iei. eao iacaae, ia caeaoa
aaeeeie yiioe yua?ia (yaiethoeey /aeiaaea ia/aeanue eeoue ieiei 7 iei.
eao iacaae). A oa a?aiaia iie aaee noaoai nooiiooiue, a ia aiaeiue ia?ac
aeecie, eae eo iuiaoiea iioiiee. Iiae o ieo auee aeeeiiaa, a ii?aeu
ei?i/a, /ai o ciaeiiuo iai e?ieiaeeeia.
E?ieiaeeeu, ia?yaeo n ioeoeaie, – aaeeinoaaiiua auaeeaoea i?aaenoaaeoaee
iiaeeeanna a?oicaa?ia. Oi, /oi e?ieiaeeeu i?aeoe/anee a iaeciaiiii aeaea
aeiaeeee aei iaoeo aeiae, iauyniyaony n?aaeie eo iaeoaiey – ianaeyy
i?aniua aiaeiaiu o?iieeia e noao?iieeia, e?ieiaeeeu aeeaoo a ianoao,
eioi?ua ii nooe iaei eciaieeenue n ae?aaiaeoeo a?aiai. E?ieiaeeeu
caieiatho iniaia iieiaeaiea n?aaee i?aniueathueony, aoaeo/e aeeaea e
aeeiicaa?ai e nia?aiaiiui ioeoeai, /ai e ae?oaei ?aioeeeyi, ?yae
iniaaiiinoae eo i?aaiecaoeee iicaieyao n/eoaoue eo naiuie
aunieii?aaieciaaiiuie ec i?aniueathueony. Yaiethoeey e?ieiaeeeia oea a
iai?aaeaiee iaeaieueoaai i?eniiniaeaiey e aiaeiiio ia?aco aeecie e
oeuie/anoao.
2. Aiaoiee aeae
Oaei e?ieiaeeeia yua?eoeaia?aciia, aeeeiie 2–7 i, aieiaa oieiuaiiay n
aeeeiiie ii?aeie. Aeaca e iicae?e neeueii aunooiatho iaae aieiaie. A
iieinoe ?oa ?acaeoi aoi?e/iia iaai. Coau oaeiaeiioiua, ycue i?e?auai e
aeio ?ioiaie iieinoe. Coau o e?ieiaeeeia iaiythony iaiaeiie?aoii. Ia
caaeieo iiaao – ia?aiiiee iaaeaeo iaeueoeaie. Iniaaiiinoueth,
ioee/athuae e?ieiaeeeia io ae?oaeo i?aniueathueony, yaeyaony
/aou?aoeaia?iia na?aeoea. Eiaea e?ieiaeeeia iie?uoa i?yiioaieueiuie
?iaiauie ueoeaie, eioi?ua ia nieia e aeeaioa ?aniieaaathony i?aaeeueiuie
?yaeaie.
3. Ia?ac aeecie
E?ieiaeeeu ?ani?ino?aiaiu ai anao o?iie/aneeo no?aiao, iaeoay a
?aciiia?aciuo i?aniuo aiaeiaiao. Ana nia?aiaiiua e?ieiaeeeu
i?eniiniaeaiu e iieoaiaeiiio ia?aco aeecie – iaeoay a aiaea, yeoea iie,
iaeiaei, ioeeaaeuaatho ia nooa, – oioy aua 3000 eao iacaae a Iiaie
Eaeaaeiiee aiaeeeenue nooiiooiua e?ieiaeeeu.
Aieueooth /anoue nooie e?ieiaeeeu i?iaiaeyo a aiaea. Ia i?ea?aaeiua
ioiaee iie auoiaeyo oo?ii e aeeaea e aa/a?o, /oiau i?eiyoue «nieia/iua
aaiiu». Yoi oieiaeiie?iaiua aeeaioiua, /uey oaiia?aoo?a oaea caaeneo io
oaiia?aoo?u aiaoiae n?aaeu. Iaeioi?ua e?ieiaeeeu a ia?eiae canooe
aiaaeatho a niy/eo, ca?uaaynue a ee ia?anuoathueo aiaeiaiia.
4. Iioiinoai
Ana e?ieiaeeeu ioeeaaeuaatho yeoea, ec eioi?uo ni a?aiaiai auoiaeyo
iieiinoueth noi?ie?iaaaoeany iaeuoe. Nia?eaaiea i?ienoiaeeo a aiaea a
?aciia a?aiy aiaea a caaeneiinoe io aeaea e ianoa iaeoaiey. I?eia?ii
/a?ac ianyoe iinea nia?eaaiey naiea iouneeaaao ia nooa ianoi aeey
eeaaeee. Iaeioi?ua aeaeu aueaiuaatho aeey yoiai yio a ianea, eiua aea –
eae aia?eeaineee aeeeaaoi? – ono?aeaatho aiacaei ec a?yce e iieonaieaoeo
?anoaiee, eioi?ua naiea niae?aao e i?eiineo a ianoe. *enei yeoe a
eeaaeea eieaaeaony io 20 aei 100. Naiee inoathony aicea eeaaeee, io?aiyy
yeoea io a?aaia. Iieiaeua yeoea aua aioo?e yeoe, ei a?aiaie aueoieaiey
ecaeatho eaaeathuea caoee, e iaoue ?aneaiuaaao eeaaeeo, iiiiaay
iioiinoao aua?aoueny. Ana yeoea aueoieythony iaeiia?aiaiii. E?ieiaeeeu
i?iyaeytho o?iaaoaeueioth caaioo i naiai iioiinoaa – i?aaiecoy iiaeiaea
aeaoneeo naaeia.
THiua e?ieiaeeeue/eee, ieieaoth?iua eiiee naieo ?iaeeoaeae, ia?aua
ianeieueei iaaeaeue aeecie ieoathony ec inoaaoaainy o ieo aeaeoeiaiai
iaoea. Iaiaoa i?iaeieaeaao i?eniao?eaaoue ca iioiinoaii e io?aiyoue aai,
iineieueeo iaeuoe iiea niaa?oaiii aaccaueoiu e eaaei iiaoo noaoue
aeiau/ae auae?u, aiioa, aenoa, /a?aiaoe, e?oiiie ?uaeiu eee aiaeyiie
ciae. Ca aiae aeaoaiuoe aaeaia ia?a?anoatho ethaiai ec naieo
iioaioeeaeueiuo a?aaia. I?aaeaea /ai ionoeoueny a no?ainoaey, iie aei
iieooi?a eao aeeaoo a iaeiii aiaeiaia n iaoa?ueth. A o?aoeaoiai aic?anoa
iie iieeaeatho ?iaeiie aiaeiai e inaaeaatho nianoaaiioth oa??eoi?eth.
A caaeneiinoe io aeaea iieiaay c?aeinoue ianooiaao o e?ieiaeeea n
aeinoeaeaieai ii?aaeaeaiiie aeeeiu oaea, a aic?anoa io 5 aei 15 eao. Ana
iie ioiaiiua aeieaiaeeoaee. Aiai?yo, /oi iaeioi?ua iniae aeeaoo ia aiea
aei 100 eao, oioy yoiio iao aeinoiaa?iuo aeieacaoaeuenoa.
5. Naaoneay aeeciue
Ie?ii oaeeaaynue a aieueoeo a?oiiao, e?ieiaeeeu ana aea ?aaiinoii
io?aiytho naith oa??eoi?eth, e a a?oiia iau/ii i?enoonoaoao
aeiieie?othuee naiaoe. Ii aieueoa a?aiaie i?iaiaeeo a aiaea, iao?oee?oy
a?aieoeu naiaai o/anoea, ioaiiyy ae?oaeo e?oiiuo naioeia e /anoi
ecaeaaay a?iiiaeaniue ?aa. Ana e?ieiaeeeu iaeaaeatho aiaaoui «neiaa?iui
caianii» – o?theatho, oeiyo, o?eiei eaaeatho e ?u/ao, ii-aeaeeiiio,
aaaey naie e?ieiaeeeuee ?acaiai?u.
Aueaey ia nooo, e?ieiaeeeu iau/ii ia?aaeaeaathony ianiaoiie ?acaaeenoie
iioiaeeie ia oe?iei ?annoaaeaiiuo eaiao. A neo/aa iaiaoiaeeiinoe iie
iiaoo ia?aeoe ia iaoeethaeee aaeii eee iioeoiiueeo iiaee?anoueny iieceii
ia a?thoa. Caoi iie i?aainoiaeii ieaaatho, iooaeeeaaynue ia ei?ioeeie
ia?aiii/aouie eaiaie, a n iiiiuueth aeeeiiiai neeueiiai oainoa. Iie
iiaoo iaiiaeaeaeii eaaeaoue a aiaea, aunoaaea ia aicaeoo oieueei
iicae?e, aeaca e ooe, ?aniieiaeaiiua a aa?oiae /anoe aieiau.
E?ieiaeeeu aeuoao aoiinoa?iui aicaeooii, ii iiaoo iiaeieao iaoiaeeoueny
iiae aiaeie. Eiaaea e?ieiaeee iu?yao, aai ooe e iicae?e cae?uaathony
iniauie eeaiaiaie. A aeaca caueuaao oiieay ieaiea. A iiaiia ca aeiau/ae
eee nianaynue aaanoaii io aa?anneaiiai ni?iaee/a, ii niiniaai, ianiio?y
ia aanue naie aan, ii/oe aa?oeeaeueii aui?uaeaaoue ec aiaeu.
6. ?aoeeii
Ana e?ieiaeeeu ieioiyaeiu. Naieie oe?ieeie oaaoeeie /aethnoyie e
ceiaauae ooiueeie iie aeaaii caaiaaaee ?aiooaoeeth aaniiuaaeiuo e
aa?anneaiuo oeuieeia. Ia ethaeae iie iianthaeo iaaiaeyo oaean, iaeiaei
iaith e?ieiaeeeia caaeneo io eo nianoaaiiuo aaaa?eoia e oie aeeaiinoe,
eioi?ay aiaeeony a ie?oaa.
Aueoieaoeany ec yeoe aeaoaiuoe e iieiaeiye ieoathony ianaeiiuie,
aieiaanoeeaie, oeeoeaie, iaeeie ?uaaoeie, e?aaaie e ae?oaeie
?aeiia?aciuie e iieethneaie. A ia/aea aeecie iie ?anooo aeiaieueii
auno?i, a oae eae a yoio ia?eiae ei ii coaai oieueei iaeaiueeay aeiau/a,
oi e iiaee?aieyoueny i?eoiaeeony /anoi.
Ii ia?a ?inoa e?ieiaeeeia oaaee/eaathony e ?acia?u aeiau/e, e ia?a?uau
iaaeaeo o?aiacaie. Iiia/aeo iie aaeyo e?oiioth ?uao e ?aioeeee, a
iicaeiaa ia?aoiaeyo ia ieaeiieoathueo. Ana, /oi ieacuaaaony a i?aaeaeao
aeinyaaaiinoe eo no?aoiuo /aethnoae – iaacueyiu, aoeaieu, caa?u, ciae,
aeaaea ethaee – iie n/eoatho naiae caeiiiie aeiau/ae, e ia iaeei
aania/iue caa?ue, iiaeieaey e aiaeiiith, noaiiaeony aea?oaie e?ieiaeeea.
Ia a?acaotho iie e iaaeaeueth. Ii eaeeie ino?uie e aiooeoaeueiuie ia
auee au coau yoeo ?aioeeee, iie ana aea ia niiniaiu ?ac?uaaoue aeiau/o
ia /anoe e aeaaaoue ieuo. Auneaaeea aea?oao o e?ay aiaeu, e?ieiaeee
oaaoaao aa e noa?aaony caoaueoue iiae aiaeo, /oiau ooiieoue. Caoai
ia?oaia aeeaioiia i?eoiaeeony caoaeeeaaoue a eaeoth-ieaoaeue yio iiae
aa?aaii e aeaeaoue, iiea aai oeo?a ?aciyeiao, a iyni aeinoaoi/ii
i?ioooiao, /oiau oaea/eeaue ioioiee niia io?uaaoue eonie ca eoneii.
Anoue e ae?oaie niinia ioiou – naeaa /aethnoyie aea?oao, e?ieiaeee
e?ooeo naeueoi a aiaea, noa?aynue ioi?aaoue io iaa eonee iyna, eioi?ua
i?iaeaouaaao oeaeeeii. E?oiiua aeeaioiua /anoi neoaeao iaaaeii oeaeie
noaa e?ieiaeeeia, eioi?ua iaia?aaie iooaaouaaao eaeiiua eonee.
7. Cia/aiea aeey ethaeae
E?ieiaeeeu a ?aciie noaiaie iianiu aeey /aeiaaea. Iaeioi?ua ieeiaaea ia
iaiaaeatho ia /aeiaaea (aaaeae), ae?oaea iaiaaeatho nenoaiaoe/anee
(a?aaienoue e?ieiaeee), o?aouee (ieeueneee e?ieiaeee) iaiaaeatho
ec?aaeea. Iyni e?ieiaeeeia nuaaeiaii e oiio?aaeyaony a ieuo ianaeaieai
iiiaeo o?iie/aneeo no?ai. Eiaea e?ieiaeeeia, iniaaiii aeeeaaoi?ia,
eniieuecoaony aeey i?eaioiaeaiey ?acee/iuo aaeaioa?aeiuo ecaeaeee
(ii?ooaeae, /aiiaeaiia e o.i.).
A iicaeiaeoea aaea /aeiaae iiie/eeny ia e?ieiaeeeia e ia/ae eo iianthaeo
eno?aaeyoue – io/anoe noa?aynue oaa?a/ue io ieo aeiiaoiee neio, a ai
iiiaeo ?aaeiiao e naaa a ieuo. Ii oieueei eiaaea aanue ie? ioaaoeea
iiaea ia ecaeaeey ec e?ieiaeeeiaie eiaee, niaiaaoay ii a?aiaie n
ecia?aoaieai nia?aiaiiiai iaiano?aeueiiai i?oaeey, iiioeyoeey yoeo
aeeaioiuo ia/aea no?aieoaeueii nie?auaoueny. Oeeo?u i?inoi /oaeiaeuiu.
Aaeaaiaeii a THaeiie Aia?eea oaeaaee aei 1 iei. eaeiaiia, a 1929 aiaeo
auei i?iaeaii 190 000 oeo? aia?eeaineeo aeeeaaoi?ia, a 1950 aiaeo a
Oaicaiee auei aeiauoi 12 500 e?ieiaeeeueeo oeo?. Eae iieaaatho, anee au
a 1944 aiaeo ia auee i?eiyou caeiiu i caueoa aia?eeaineiai aeeeaaoi?a,
yoio aeae aue au aeaaii eno?aaeai. A Ao?eea ieeueneee e?ieiaeee en/ac ec
iiiaeo o?aaeeoeeiiiuo iano iaeoaiey ia naaa?a eiioeiaioa. A 1970 aiaeao
eiaeeeneiai aaaeaea noaee ?acaiaeeoue a iaaiea e oieueei oae nianee io
iieiiai auie?aiey. Naaiaeiy a caeacieeao ian/eouaaaony ieiei 1500 yoeo
aeeaioiuo.
Nae/an ii/oe iianthaeo a ie?a e?ieiaeeeu acyou iiae caueoo, ii oi?aiaey
e?ieiaeeeiauie oeo?aie, e niaeaeaieth, ana aua inoaaony i/aiue
aeioiaeiui aecianii. Ca oeo?u ieaoyo oaeea aunieea oeaiu, /oi ieuea
oocaioeu thaeiie Aia?eee aioiau ?eneiaaoue aeeciueth, /oiau auneaaeeoue
e oaeoue aeeeaaoi?a.
8. En/aciiaaiea iano iaeoaiey
Yoi aua iaeei oaeoi?, iaecaaaeii noaayuee e?ieiaeeeia ia a?aiue
auie?aiey, i?e/ai a oie aea THaeiie Aia?eea e THai-Ainoi/iie Acee. I?e
aicaaaeaiee aeaia e no?ieoaeuenoaa eaiaeia aeeeie i?e?iaea iaiineony
iaiii?aaeiue o?ii. Ec-ca au?oaee aeaeoiaeae oiaiueoaaony o?iaaiue
inaaeeia, e oa aiaeiaiu, a eioi?uo ?aiueoa aiaeeeenue e?ieiaeeeu,
iieiinoueth ia?anuoatho.
Auie?aiea yoeo aeeaioiuo aucuaaao na?ueacioth o?aaiao ia oieueei iioiio,
/oi en/acaao oeaeue aeae, ii e iioiio, /oi yoei ia?ooaaony yeieiae/aneee
aaeain a ?aaeiia. Iai?eia?, ai oei?eaeneii caiiaaaeieea Yaa?aeaeaen
aeeeaaoi?u aaeyo iyoienooth iaioee?ioth uoeo n einoenoie /aooae,
eioi?ay, eeoeaoenue i?e?iaeiiai a?aaa, anei?a eno?aaeea au caeanue anao
ieoiae e eauae. E oiio aea, aeeeaaoi?u iiiiaatho auaeeoue ae?oaei
aeeaioiui a canooeeaia a?aiy aiaea. Iie aueaiuaatho a caiea yiu,
nicaeaaay iaaieueoea aiaeiaiu, aaea ?uaa iaoiaeeo oaaaeeua, a ioeoeu,
?aioeeee e ieaeiieoathuea – aiaeiiie.
9. Eioa?aniua oaeou
· A oa/aiea aeecie coau e?ieiaeeea iiaoo niaieoueny ieiei nioie ?ac.
· Iaeiaaeaeu a aeaeoaeea aeeeaaoi?a iaoee o?e aea?aayoee, ?uaieiaiia
a?oceei e oaaa/ioth aeanoyieo.
· E?ieiaeeeu iaeaaeatho iaeaieaa ?acaeoui iicaii n?aaee anao ?aioeeee.
· Eiaeeeneee aaaeae – naiue aeaaiue aiaeieac ec anao e?ieiaeeeia,
i?aaeii/eoathuee aeeoue a aeoaieeo ?aeao n auno?ui oa/aieai.
· E?oiiua e?ieiaeeeu iiaoo iaoiaeeoueny iiae aiaeie aieueoa /ana. I?e
iia?oaeaiee eo ia?oaeiua ooe cae?uaathony, caueuay aa?aaaiioth
ia?aiiieo.
· A e?iae e?ieiaeeea iaia?oaeeee aioeaeioee. Yoi aaaeiia iao/iia
ioe?uoea naeaeaee… aeo?iaeenou. ?aii?oa?u BBC ai a?aiy nuaiie a
Aano?aeee oeeueia i aeecie e?ieiaeeeia, iaeoathueo a nieaiie aiaea,
ia?aoeee aieiaiea ia oi, /oi e?ieiaeeeu /anoi aea?oony e iaiinyo ae?oa
ae?oao no?aoiua ?aiu, ii ainiaeaiey eee aaia?aiu o ieo ieeiaaea ia
auaaao. AEo?iaeenoai oaeaeinue iieo/eoue ia?acaoe e?iae e?ieiaeeea, e
aai aiaeec iieacae, /oi iaeii ec iaecaanoiuo ?aiaa aauanoa, eiathueony a
e?iae ?aioeeee, yooaeoeaii oaeaaao aaeoa?ee, i?iieeay /a?ac eo iaia?aiu.
A?eoaineea ?aii?oa?u iacaaee yoi aauanoai «e?ieiaeeeeiii». Oaia?ue yoi
aauanoai eco/atho, /oiau ea/eoue ei ethaeae io ?aciuo eioaeoeeiiiuo
caaieaaaiee.
· Naiue aieueoie e?ieiaeee – ii?neie e?ieiaeee (Crocodylus porosus),
eioi?ue aiaeeony a Eiaeee, naaa?iie Aano?aeee ino?iaao Oeaeaee. Aeeeia
aai iiaeao aeinoeaaoue 7 iao?ia, a aan – 1 oiiiu! Iyoeiao?iaua iniae
aanyo eae ieieioi iieoiiiu. I?e yoii yeoea, eioi?ua ioeeaaeuaaao naiea,
ii ?acia?o ia aieueoa aoneiuo.
· Naiue iaeaiueeee e?ieiaeee – ea?eeeiaue (Osteolaemus tetraspis),
ac?ineua iniae aaeaa aeinoeaatho 190 ni a aeeeio. Ii aieueoa nooiiooiue,
/ai aiaeiieaaathuee.
· A iaeioi?uo eoeueoo?ao e?ieiaeee n/eoaeny nayuaiiui aeeaioiui,
iai?eia? a Ae?aaiai Aaeioa. Aeaaea a iaoa a?aiy o iaeioi?uo ieaiai Iiaie
Aaeiae e?ieiaeee yaeyaony neiaieii-oioaiii, e ioae/eiu i?ioiaeyo
aieaciaiioth i?ioeaaeo?o o?iaeiaaiey naiae eiaee, iinea /aai iia
iie?uaaaony ?oaoeaie, /oi aeaeaao aa iioiaeae ia e?ieiaeeeueth. Naiia
eioa?aniia, /oi iaeioi?ua ieaiaia aano?aeeeneeo aai?eaaiia n/eoathony
ianoa?aie ii ioioa ia e?ieiaeeeia, a ae?oaea ieaiaia oao aea
aano?aeeeneeo aai?eaaiia n/eoatho ioioo ia e?ieiaeeeia nayoioaonoaii.
· *anoi iiaeii oaeaeaoue e?ieiaeeeia, eaaeaueo iiaeieao n ioe?uoie
ianoueth. Yoi ia au?aaeaiea aa?annee, a i?inoia ioeaaeaeaiea. Niaaea a
oaeii neo/aa auniauaaao ycue, a e?ieiaeee ioe?uaaao ianoue – eeoiaa
oaiei e iio auoiaeeo n aeuoaieai.
· Onoaiiaeoue oi/iue aic?ano e?ieiaeeea iiaeii oieueei ii ?anieeo einoe.
Iaaei iiaen/eoaoue aiaeiaua eieueoea, eae o aea?aaueaa.
· E?ieiaeee iiaeao nianai ie/aai ia anoue oeaeue aiae.
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