AIEAIA?AAeNEAss AEAAeAIEss AINOAeA?NOAAIIIE NEOAEAU I?E I?ACEAeAIOA
?INNEENEIE OAAeA?AOeEE
EAOAAe?A AAeIEIENO?AOEAIIAI IAIAAeAEIAIOA
EO?NIAAss ?AAIOA II I?AAeIAOO “OAI?Ess I?AAIECAOeEE” II OAIA:
“?OEIAIAeNOAI E EEAeA?NOAI A I?AAIECAOeEE”
AUIIEIEEA:
NOOAeAIOEA A?OIIU OC – 404
CIEIOIAA?OIAA I.A.
I?IAA?EE:
EAIAeEAeAO YEIIIIE*ANEEO IAOE
IAA?EIA A.A.
A.AIEAIA?AAe, 1998
IEAI EO?NIAIE ?AAIOU:
AAAAeAIEA
1. OEIIEIAEss EEAeA?NOAA
2. IIEEOE*ANEIA EEAeA?NOAI
3. ?OEIAIAeNOAI E EEAeA?NOAI
CAEETH*AIEA
Aaaaeaiea
Eioa?an e eeaea?noao aiciee aua a aeoaieie ae?aaiinoe. Oaiiiai
eeaea?noaa ia i?ioyaeaiee aaeia aieiiaae niciaiea iiiaeo
enneaaeiaaoaeae. A ia/aea aeaaaeoeaoiai noieaoey ia/aeinue eco/aiea
oi?aaeaiey. ?oeiaiaenoai e eeaea?noai noaee iauaeoii enneaaeiaaiey. A 30
– 50 aiaeao aue i?aaei?eiyo ?yae e?oiiiianooaaiuo enneaaeiaaiee ia
nenoaiiie iniiaa.
Ia/eiay n 70- o aiaeia eioa?an e eco/aieth eeaea?noaa ia/ae ?anoe aua
aieueoa, i /ai naeaeaoaeuenoaoao iiyaeaiea ?aaio Aeae. Iae – A?aai?a
Aa?ina, ?.Oaea?a, A.Eaeea?iaia, Aeae. Iaeaeaea.
Aei iaaeaaiaai a?aiaie a iaoae no?aia ia auei oneiaee aeey oi?ie?iaaiey
eeaea?ia e ni?ina ia ieo, a neaaeiaaoaeueii, ia auei enneaaeiaaiey
i?iaeai, naycaiiuo n eeaea?noaii. A nayce n yoei aieueoeinoai ?aaio a
iaeanoe enneaaeiaaiey eeaea?noaa i?eiaaeeaaeeo caiaaeiui o/aiui.
Iaeiaei a ianoiyuaa a?aiy iiyaeythony o?oaeu ?inneeneeo o/aiuo,
cao?aaeaathuea i?iaeaiu eeaea?noaa. ( Iai?eia?, eieaa ?.E.E?e/aaneiai
“Anee au – ?oeiaiaeeoaeue” ia yeaiaioao ineoieiaee iaiaaeaeiaioa a
iianaaeiaaiie ?aaioa ?oeiaiaeeoaey e eeaea?a a i?aaiecaoeee, a ii
oaoiieiaee eeaea?noaa – eieeaeoeaiay ?aaioa aaoi?ia iineianeiai oeaio?a
iieeoe/aneeo enneaaeiaaiee “Ieeeiei I “ “Eieaeae eeaea?a”.)
Aeooaeueiinoue i?iaeaiaoeee iaoneiaeaia neaaeothueie oaeoi?aie:
– iaee/eai aeiaieueii neoiuo enneaaeiaaiee a iaeioi?uo noa?ao
eeaea?noaa;
– ieceei o?iaiai i?ioanneiiaeecia iaeioi?uo nia?aiaiiuo ?oeiaiaeeoaeae,
/oi aea/ao ca niaie iayooaeoeaiinoue aeayoaeueiinoue i?aaiecaoeee.
Eco/aiea i?iaeaiu eeaea?noaa iaiaoiaeeii aeey au?aaioee iaoiaeia
yooaeoeaiiai ?oeiaiaenoaa, ioai?a e oi?ie?iaaiey eeaea?ia.
?oeiaiaeeoaeue aeieaeai oiaoue noaaeoue caaea/e, ii?aaeaeyoue n?aaenoaa
aeinoeaeaiey oeaee e iaoiaeu eiio?iey. Oniaoiia ?oeiaiaenoai a
cia/eoaeueiie ia?a caaeneo io oiaiey ?oeiaiaeeoaey oi?aaeyoue iiaieai
eieeaeoeaa.
Ec auoaneacaiiiai ynii, /oi i?iaeaiu ?oeiaiaenoaa e eeaea?noaa a
i?aaiecaoeee ia aeaiiue iiiaio noiyo aeiaieueii ino?i, e iiyoiio
aieueoia cia/aiea eiaao eco/aiea oaiiiaiia ?oeiaiaenoaa e eeaea?noaa.
1. Oeiieiaey eeaea?noaa.
Eeaea?noai iiaeii iacaaoue iaeiei ec oieeaeueiuo oaiiiaiia iieeoe/aneie
e iauanoaaiiie aeecie, naycaiiui n inouanoaeaieai aeanoiuo ooieoeee. Iii
yaeyaony iaecaaaeiui a ethaii oeeaeeeciaaiiii iauanoaa e i?iiecuaaao ana
noa?u aeeciaaeayoaeueiinoe.
Eiioeaioeee eeaea?noaa iiaoo auoue ?acaeaeaiu a caaeneiinoe io eo
oai?aoe/aneeo iniiaaiee ia o?e a?oiiu :
1. Enoiaeyuea ec oiai, /oi eeaea?noai – oieaa?naeueiue oaiiiai
/aeiaa/aneie aeayoaeueiinoe, /oi e caeiiiia?iinoe aai ooieoeeiie?iaaiey
aaeeiu ai anao noa?ao iauanoaa.
2. Ioiaeaeanoaeythuea eeaea?noai n ?oeiaiaenoaii e oi?aaeaieai, i?e
yoii oi?iaeueiia iaeaaeaiea aeanoueth ?anniao?eaaaony eae iaiaoiaeeiia e
aeinoaoi/iia oneiaea eeaea?noaa; aeayoaeueiinoue eeaea?a i?aaenoaao eae
iaiaoiaeeiia e aeinoaoi/iia oneiaea eeaea?noaa, eae aaeieieno?aoeaiay
niaoeeoeea yaeaiey naiaeeony i?aeiouanoaaiii e i?aaiaui ?aaoeyoeaai
iiaaaeaiey aeieaeiinoiiai eeoea. Eeaea?noai eae nioeeaeueiue einoeooo
ioiaeaeanoaeyaony n i?aaiaie ainoaea?noaaiiie aeanoe.
3. ?anniao?eaathuea eeaea?noai eae niaoeeoe/aneia yaeaiea iauanoaaiiie
aeecie, ia naiaeeiia e ineoieiae/aneei, yeiiiie/aneei eee i?aaiaui
i?eioeeiai. Eeaea?noai inouanoaeyaony /a?ac ooieoeeiie?iaaiea
eiie?aoiiai iaoaiecia – iaeiiai ec iaiaoiaeeiuo iieeoe/aneeo einoeoooia.
Ae?aaiea i?aaenoaaeaiey i eeaea?noaa aeeth/aee a naay ea/anoaa oaeeo
eeoe, eae ae?aoeu, ei?iee, ei?ieaau, aeooiaiua eeoea e iieeoeee.
A aioe/iinoe eeaea?noai iineei ee/iinoiue oa?aeoa?, i?aaenoaaeyy niaie
aeeyiea, iniiaaiiia ia aaoi?eoaoa eiie?aoiiai eiaeeaeaea, aai
aeinoieinoaao. Acaeiiioiioaiey eeaea?a e aai noi?iiieeia auee aeecee e
ioiioaieyi “o/eoaeue – o/aiee”, iineieueeo iieeoe/aneay aeeciue
naycuaaeanue n ?aoaieai ie?iaicc?ai/aneeo aii?inia.
A n?aaeiaaaeiaie Aa?iia aeeyiea eeaea?a iniiauaaeinue ia noieueei ia
ee/iuo aeinoieinoaao, neieueei ia niiniaiinoe e ?oeiaiaenoao eiie?aoiie
iauiinoueth. Io eeaea?a o?aaiaaeinue a iniiaiii oiaiea nieioeoue a?oiio
aeey aeinoeaeaiey iinoaaeaiiuo oeaeae, oiaiea noi?ie?iaaoue a?oiiiaie
eioa?an.
A nia?aiaiiii iauanoaa eeaea?noai ( a iniaaiiinoe iieeoe/aneia)
i?aaenoaaeyao niaie niinia iino?iaiey aeanoe , iniiaaiiue ia eioaa?aoeee
?acee/iuo nioeeaeueiuo neiaa (a?oii) iin?aaenoaii niaoeeoe/aneeo
iaoaieciia aie?oa auaeaeaaaiie eeaea?ii i?ia?aiiu ?aoaiey ?acee/iuo
i?iaeai e caaea/ iauanoaaiiiai ?acaeoey.
Eeaea?noai ii naiae i?e?iaea niiniaii nieioeoue ethaeae a niaianoiuo
oneeeyo, i?e/ai inouanoaeyoue yoo caaea/o a oa/aiea aeeeoaeueiiai
a?aiaie, iinoaiaiii ?aoay caaea/e, iiae/eiaiiua iauae oeaee.
Nouanoaotho ?acee/iua eeanneoeeaoeee oaiiiaia eeaea?noaa.
A niioaaonoaee n o/aieai I.Aaaa?a i niiniaao eaaeoeiaoeee aeanoe
eeaea?ia iiae?acaeaeytho ia :
-o?aaeeoeeiiiuo eeaea?ia, eioi?uie iau/ii yaeythony aiaeaee ieaiai,
iiia?oe e o.ae. Eo aaoi?eoao iniiaai ia o?aaeeoeee, iau/aa;
-?aoeeiiaeueii – eaaaeueiuo, eee ?ooeiiuo – yoi eeaea?u, eca?aiiua
aeaiie?aoe/aneei iooai;
-oa?eciaoe/aneeo – eeaea?ia, iaaeaeaiiuo, ii iiaieth iann, iniaie
aeaaiaeaoueth, auaeathueieny ea/anoaaie, iaiau/aeiie niiniaiinoueth e
?oeiaiaenoao. Oa?ecia neeaaeuaaaony ec ?aaeueiuo niiniaiinoae eeaea?a e
oao ea/anoa, eioi?uie aai iaaeaeytho iineaaeiaaoaee. I?eia?ii
oa?eciaoe/aneeo eeaea?ia auee Eaiei, Noaeei, Eei E? Nai, O.Eano?i.
A iniiaa ia?aiai oeia eeaea?noaa eaaeeo i?eau/ea, aoi?iai – ?acoi,
o?aoueaai – aa?a e yiioeee.
“Oa?eciie” neaaeoao iacuaaoue ea/anoai ee/iinoe, i?eciaaaaiia
iaiau/aeiui, aeaaiaea?y eioi?iio iia ioeaieaaaony eae iaea?aiiay
naa?o/aeiaa/aneeie, eee niaoeeoe/aneeie iniauie neeaie, iaaeinooiiuie
ae?oaei ethaeyi. Ia?aiia/aeueii yoi ea/anoai iaoneiaeaii iaae/anee e
i?enoua eae i?i?eoeaoaeyi, oae e ioae?aoeai. Eae au “iauaeoeaii”
i?aaeeueii ia auei ioeaiaii niioaaonoaothuaa ea/anoai n yoe/aneie oi/ee
c?aiey, aano?aeoii niaa?oaiii iaaaaeii. Aaaeii iaeii, eae iii oaeoe/anee
ioeaieaaaony iiae/eiaiiuie oa?ecia, “i?eaa?aeaioeaie”
Aeae.Iae-A?aai? Aa?in ?acaeaeyao eeaea?ia ia aeaa eaoaai?ee :
i?aia?aciaaoaee e aeaeueoeu. Eeaea?u – i?aia?aciaaoaee, eiathuea
ii?aaeaeaiiua acaeyaeu ia iauanoai, ia/eiatho /oi-oi i?aaei?eieiaoue ai
eiy ?aaeecaoeee naieo aicc?aiee. Eeaea?u – aeaeueoeu, iai?ioea,
aeaenoaotho ii i?eioeeio “caeanue e nae/an”, oieone?oy naia aieiaiea ia
aeaoaeyo, aac oi?ie?iaaiey aeiaaeueiiai acaeyaea ia oi, eaeei aeieaeii
auoue iauanoai a eiia/iii eoiaa.
?aiaa Ia?aoi ?acaeaeye eeaea?ia i?eia?ii ii oai aea i?eciaeai, /oi e
Aa?in, ia “eueaia” e “een”.
Aiaeec Aa?ina yaeyao niaie cia/eoaeueiue oaa aia?aae ii ?aca?aie/aieth
iaaeaeo eeaea?aie, ii ana aea ii inoaaony ia?aie/aiiui, iineieueeo ynii,
/oi ?aaeueiinoue ai?acaei aiaa/a e aa iaeuecy “eiioi?oii ?acianoeoue” a
aeaoo eaoaai?eyo.
Nouanoaoao oaeaea aeaeaiea eeaea?ia ia iau/iuo ( “?aaeueiuo”) e
aaeeeeo ( eae aaeeeeo “aa?iaa, oae e aaeeeeo “ceiaeaaa” ). ?aaeueiua
eeaea?u ia inoaaeytho neaae a enoi?ee, ia eciaiytho iau/iiai oiaea
niauoee. N/eoaaony, /oi oieueei eeaea?u – aa?ie ( eeai ceiaeae)
ii?aaeaeytho oiae enoi?ee.
Ia iniiaa oa?aeoa?a eeaea?ia ?acaeaeytho ia “aeoeaii – iiceoeaiuo” e
“aeoeaii – iaaaoeaiuo”, a oaeaea ia “ianneaii – iiceoeaiuo” e
“ianneaii-iaaaoeaiuo”.
A nia?aiaiiie iieeoieiaee ia?aaeei iacuaathony /aou?a niae?aoaeueiuo
ia?aca eeaea?a :
1. Eeaea?a – ciaiaiinoea ioee/aao nianoaaiiia aeaeaiea
aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe, iaee/ea eaeae, oaeaeathuae iannu.
2. Eeaea? – neoaeeoaeue no?aieony aunooiaoue a ?iee au?aceoaey
eioa?ania naieo noi?iiieeia, i?eaioe?oaony ia eo iiaiea e aeaenoaoao io
eo eiaie.
3. Eeaea? – oi?aiaaoe niiniaai i?eaeaeaoaeueii i?aiiaeianoe naie eaeae
e oaaaeeoue ethaeae a eo i?aeiouanoaa.
4. Eeaea? – iiaea?iue i?eaioe?oaony ia ?aoaiea iaeaieaa aeooaeueiuo
i?iaeai a iauanoaa, ianouiua o?aaiaaiey iiiaioa.
A ?aaeueiie aeecie yoe /aou?a ia?aca eeaea?noaa iau/ii ano?a/athony a
ni/aoaiee o ?acee/iuo ethaeae a ?aciuo i?iii?oeeyo.
Aia?eeaineee nioeeieia A.Noioi ioiaoee, /oi iieeoe/aneia eeaea?noai
aunieiai o?iaiy ii n?aaiaieth n eeaea?noaii a iaaieueoie a?oiia eiaao
?yae ioee/ee, /oi iicaieeei aio auaeaeeoue aeaa naiinoiyoaeueiuo oeia
eeaea?noaa.
1. Eeaea?noai “eeoeii e eeoeo” inouanoaeyaony a iaaieueoeo a?oiiao,
aaea ana o/anoieee i?ioeanna eiatho aiciiaeiinoue acaeiiaeaenoaiaaoue
iaaeaeo niaie.
2. “Ioaeaeaiiia” eeaea?noai – yoi eeaea?noai aiaeaeae, ca eioi?uie
eaeoo iiiai/eneaiiua iannu.
I?e aiaeeca eeaea?noaa aaaeiui oaeoi?ii yaeyaony i?e?iaea eeaea?noaa.
Iauay eiioeaioeey eeaea?noaa aeeth/aao ?yae oaeoi?ia, eioi?ua,
ni/aoaynue ?acee/iui ia?acii, iicaieytho ii?aaeaeeoue i?e?iaeo
eeaea?noaa a ethaie aeaiiue iiiaio a?aiaie.
1. Ee/iinoue e i?ienoiaeaeaiea eeaea?a, a oaeaea oio i?ioeann,
aeaaiaea?y eioi?iio ii noae eeaea?ii.
2. Oa?aeoa?iua /a?ou a?oii e eiaeeaeaeia, eioi?uie ?oeiaiaeeo aeaiiue
eeaea?.
3. Oa?aeoa? acaeiiioiioaiee iaaeaeo eeaea?ii e oaie, eai ii ?oeiaiaeeo.
4. Eiioaeno eee oneiaey, a eioi?uo inouanoaeyaony aai ?oeiaiaeyuay
?ieue.
5. ?acoeueoaou acaeiiaeaenoaey iaaeaeo eeaea?ii e oaie, eai ii
?oeiaiaeeo.
Eaeiai ?iaea eeaea?noai iu iieo/ei i?e yoii, caaeneo io oa?aeoa?a e
ni/aoaiey anao yoeo iyoe oaeoi?ia. Aeaiiia ii?aaeaeaiea i?e?iaeu
eeaea?noaa i?aaeeiaeee aia?eeaineee iieeoieia I.A.Oa?iaii a naiae ?aaioa
“Ninoaaiua /anoe eeaea?noaa”.
I.A.Oa?iaii oaeaea ioia/aao, /oi ?oeiaiaeeoaee e ?oeiaiaeeiua
aeaenoaotho a ii?aaeaeaiiii eiioaenoa, naeaeaoaeuenoaothuai i
“aeaaeaiee”, ieacuaaaiii ia eeaea?a, a oaeaea i oao o?aaiaaieyo, eioi?ua
aio i?aaeuyaeythony. N?aaee oaeeo o?aaiaaiee iiaeii iacaaoue
neaaeothuea:
– iaee/ea e oa?aeoa? oi?iaeeciaaiiuo i?aaee aeey i?eiyoey ?aoaiee;
– noaiaiue iiaeio/aoiinoe ?oeiaiaeeoaey ?oeiaiaeeiui;
– neea e oei iiiiceoeee;
– oa?aeoa? ethauo ?acaeaeyaiuo oaaaeaeaiee;
– ?ano?nu, aeinooiiua aeey ?oeiaiaeeoaey;
– i?aaiecaoeeiiiue ieano, eaaeauee iaaeaeo ?oeiaiaeeoaeai e
?oeiaiaeeiuie.
Eaaeaeue ec yoeo oaeoi?ia iiiiaaao ii?aaeaeeoue neooaoeeth, a eioi?uo
iiaeao eiaoue ianoi eeaea?noai, aai eiioaeno.
Eiioaeno eeaea?noaa – yoi oa ia?aiao?u, a eioi?uo inouanoaeyaony
?oeiaiaenoai. Eiioaeno ii?aaeaeyao, eiio ec naiaai ie?oaeaiey eeaea?
aoaeao oaeaeyoue iniaia aieiaiea, eaeiau a?aieoeu acaeiiaeaenoaey
eeaea?a n oaie, eai ii iuoaaony ?oeiaiaeeoue. Aieaa oiai, io eiioaenoa
caaeneo, a eaeeo i?aaeaeao eeaea? iiaeao eniieueciaaoue ii?aaeaeaiiua
i?ioeaaeo?u, inouanoaeyy ?oeiaiaenoai, eoi aoaeao ioeaieaaoue yoi
?oeiaiaenoai e ianeieueei yooaeoeaiui ni/oao aai.
Iaiouaieaiie ninoaaiie /anoueth eeaea?noaa yaeyaony e nai eeaea?,
eioi?ue iaaeaeai aeanoueth i?eieiaoue ?aoaiey a ioiioaiee ae?oaeo
ethaeae, a?oiiu, i?aaiecaoeee eee i?aaeoaeuenoaa, eioi?ue ianao
ioaaonoaaiiinoue ca iineaaenoaey ethauo naieo ?aoaiee.
A nioeeaeueii – ineoieiae/aneie eeoa?aoo?a iiaeii ano?aoeoue oaeoth
oeiieiaeth eeaea?ia. Nouanoaoao aeaa ineoieiae/aneeo oeia eeaea?ia :
“ea?iee” e “ioe?uoua”.
Ia?aua aiaoia auaeyaeyo yooaeoiuie, iaaeaaeiuie, aeaeeie. Iie oiatho
“ioneaoue iueue a aeaca”, a iiyoiio auno?i iaiytho iiceoeee, neaaeoy
eneeth/eoaeueii naiei eioa?anai. Ia aeaea iie ia oiatho ?aaioaoue n
iieiie ioaea/ae, ieioi ni?aaeythony n i?iaeaiaie. Yoi – iieeoeeaiu,
no?aiyueany i?aaaeaie, a aieueoa iai?aaaeaie caoaaoeoue aeanoue e eae
iiaeii aeieueoa i?e iae oaea?aeaoueny. A eoiaa iie ieacuaathony
“eaeeoaie ia /an”.
“Ioe?uoua” eeaea?u ia noieue caiaoiu, ii iie iineaaeiaaoaeueiu. Aa?oony
ca ethaua o?oaeiua aeaea, no?aiyony aeia?iniaanoii ai ana aieeiooue, /ai
caaiaauaatho aeiaa?ea e oaaaeaiea ia aeieaia a?aiy. Iie oiaea aeaee e
aeaenoaotho n o/aoii ianoiyoaeuenoa, ii aeeaoo ia naaiaeiyoiei aeiai,
iuoaynue “o?aaoue” io iaai iiaieueoa, a ono?aieaiu a aoaeouaa. Aeanoue a
eo ?oeao inoaaony iaaeieai. Eiaiii iie yaeythony enoeiiuie eeaea?aie,
iaeaaeathueie iai?a?aeaaiui aaoi?eoaoii o naieo iiae/eiaiiuo.
A nioeeaeueii – ineoieiae/aneie eeoa?aoo?a nouanoaoao oaeaea
eeanneoeeaoeey oeiia eeaea?noaa ii noeeyi ?oeiaiaenoaa. Caeanue
aeiioneaaony nouanoaiaaiea o?ao iniiaiuo oeiia eeaea?ia:
– aaoi?eoa?iue;
– aeaiie?aoe/aneee;
– iaeo?aeueiue ( aia?oe/aneee).
Aeey eeaea?a aaoi?eoa?iiai oeia oa?aeoa?ii aeanoeia, aaeeiiee/iia
i?eiyoea ?aoaiee, eanathueony a?oiiu, neaaue eioa?an e ?aaioieeo eae e
ee/iinoe. Eeaea? aeaiie?aoe/aneiai oeia no?aieony e au?aaioea eiie?aoiuo
?aoaiee, aeaiiino?e?oy i?e yoii eioa?an e iaoi?iaeueiiio /aeiaa/aneiio
aniaeoo ioiioaiee. Aeey iaeo?aeueiiai oeia eeaea?a oa?aeoa?ia iieiay
iono?aiaiiinoue io aeae eieeaeoeaa.
A eieaa ?.E. E?e/aaneiai “ Anee au – ?oeiaiaeeoaeue” i?eaiaeeony i?eia?
aeaiiuo oeiia eeaea?noaa
Aaoi?eoa?iue oei
Oi?iaeueiay noi?iia Niaea?aeaoaeueiay noi?iia
Aeaeiaua e?aoeea ?anii?yaeaiey Aeaea a a?oiia ieaie?othony ca?aiaa ( ai
anai eo iauaia)
Cai?aou aac nienoiaeaeaiey, n oa?icie Ii?aaeaeythony eeoue
iaiin?aae-noaaiiua oeaee, aeaeueiea-iaecaanoiu
*aoeee ycue, iai?eaaoeeaue oii Aiein ?oeiaiaeeoaey ?aoathuee
Iioaaea e ii?eoeaiea noauaeoeaiu
Yiioeee a ?an/ao ia i?eieiathony
Iiceoeey ?oeiaiaeeoaey – aia a?oiiu
Aeaiie?aoe/aneee oei
Oi?iaeueiay noi?iia Niaea?aeaoaeueiay noi?iia
Eino?oeoeey a oi?ia i?aaeeiaeaiee Ia?ii?eyoey ieaie?othony ia ca?aiaa, a
a a?oiia
Ia nooay ?a/ue, a oiaa?euaneee oii Ca ?aaeecaoeeth i?aaeeiaeaiee
ioaa/atho ana
Iioaaea e ii?eoeaiea – n niaaoaie. ?anii?yaeaiey e cai?aou – n
aeeneonneyie Ana ?acaeaeu ?aaiou ia oieueei i?aaeeaaathony, ii e
ianoaeaeathony
Iiceoeey ?oeiaiaeeoaey – aioo?e a?oiiu
Iaeo?aeueiue oei
Oi?iaeueiay noi?iia Niaea?aeaoaeueiay noi?iia
Oii – eiiaaioeeaeueiue Aeaea a a?oiia eaeao naie niaie
Ionoonoaea iioaaeu, ii?eoeaiee ?oeiaiaeeoaeue ia aeaao oeacaiee
Ieeaeiai nio?oaeie/anoaa ?acaeaeu ?aaiou neeaaeuaathony ec ioaeaeueiuo
eioa?ania eee enoiaeyo io eeaea?ia iiaea?oii
Iiceoeey ?oeiaiaeeoaey – iacaiaoii a noi?iia io a?oiiu
Eco/aiea o?oaeia i eeaea?ao iicaieyao i?aaeiieiaeeoue, /oi ia
?oeiaiaenoai iiaoo ieacaoue aeeyiea neaaeothuea naiue naienoa:
1. Iniiaiua oaaaeaeaiey eeaea?a.
2. Noeeue eeaea?a.
3. Iioeau, eioi?uie ?oeiaiaenoaoaony eeaea?, no?aiynue aeiaeoueny
ii?aaeaeaiiiai iieiaeaiey.
4. ?aaeoeey eeaea?a ia aeaaeaiea e no?ann.
5. Oi, eaeei ia?acii eeaea? aia?aua ieacaeny a iieiaeaiee
?oeiaiaeeoaey.
6. I?aaeoanoaothuee iiuo eeaea?a.
7. N?aaea, a eioi?ie eeaea? ia/eiaao naith aeayoaeueiinoue.
Eoae, oaaaeaeaiey eeaea?a yoi iaeei ec iaeaieaa i?yiuo niiniaia
iiieiaiey acaeiinayce iaaeaeo oai, /oi i?aaenoaaeyao niaie eeaea? e oai,
a /ai ii oi/ao oaaaeeoue naieo noi?iiieeia.
Oaaaeaeaiey ii?aaeaeytho oi, eae eeaea?u eioa?i?aoe?otho n?aaeo naiae
aeayoaeueiinoe e iiiiaatho eeaea?ai ninoaaeoue ea?oo oie noa?u, a
eioi?ie iie aeaenoaotho. Oaaaeaeaiey aeeth/atho a naay oeaee e
no?aoaaee. Iaiaoiaeeii oaeaea ciaoue, ianeieueei oaa?aei eeaea?
i?eaea?aeeaaaony naieo oaaaeaeaiee.. *ai i?i/iaa oaaaeaeaiey eeaea?a a
ioiioaiee aiaoieo aeeyiee, oai aieaa aa?iyoii, /oi yoe oaaaeaeaiey
iiaeeytho ia aai ?oeiaiaeyuoth aeayoaeueiinoue.
A eieaa “Iniiau nioeeaeueii – ineoieiae/aneeo oai?ee” i?aaeeiaeaia
eiioeaiooaeueiay oeiieiaey eeaea?noaa A.Ae.Ia?uaeia, i?aaeiieaaathuay
aeeooa?aioeeaoeeth eeaea?ia a niioaaonoaee n iniaaiiinoyie eo
aeayoaeueiinoe ii o?ai ?acee/iui iniiaaieyi:
1. Ii niaea?aeaieth aeayoaeueiinoe – eeaea? – i?ia?aiieno – “oai?aoe”
neooaoeee, ia oieueei nicaeathuee, ii e a aieueoeinoaa neo/aaa
?ac?aoathuee aa, e eeaea? – “eniieieoaeue”, oi anoue i?eniiniaeaiaoe,
/ooei oeaaeeaathuee a?oiiiaua iano?iaiey e i?eoiaeyuee ia niaio eeaea?o
– “i?ia?aiienoo” eeoue iinea oiai, eae neooaoeey nicaeaia.
2. Ii noeeth ?oeiaiaenoaa – aaoi?eoa?iue eeaea?, i?eaioe?othueeny ia
naay, e aeaiie?aoe/aneee, i?eaioe?othueeny ia a?oiio.
3. Ii oa?aeoa?o aeayoaeueiinoe ( eeaea? neooaoeeiiiue, o.a. oiathuee
nicaeaaaoue e ?ac?aoaoue oieueei ii?aaeaeaiiua, noiaeiua neooaoeee, eee
aea oieaa?naeueiue, ni?aaeythueeny n iaycaiiinoyie i?aaiecaoi?a a
?acee/iuo neooaoeeyo, ia iioiaeeo ae?oa ia ae?oaa).
Oaeei ia?acii, noaei aiciiaeiui au/eaiaiea ainueie oeiia eeaea?ia:
1. Eeaea? – “i?ia?aiieno”, oieaa?naeueiue, aaoi?eoa?iue.
2. Eeaea? – “i?ia?aiieno”, neooaoeeiiiue, aaoi?eoa?iue.
3. Eeaea? – “i?ia?aiieno”, neooaoeeiiiue, aeaiie?aoe/aneee.
4. Eeaea? – “i?ia?aiieno”, oieaa?naeueiue, aeaiie?aoe/aneee.
5. Eeaea? – “eniieieoaeue”, oieaa?naeueiue, aaoi?eoa?iue.
6. Eeaea? – “eniieieoaeue”, neooaoeeiiiue, aaoi?eoa?iue.
7. Eeaea? – “eniieieoaeue”, oieaa?naeueiue, aeaiie?aoe/aneee.
8. Eeaea? – “eniieieoaeue”, neooaoeeiiiue, aeaiie?aoe/aneee.
A i?aaiecaoeeyo ?acee/atho “oi?iaeueiia” e “iaoi?iaeueiia” eeaea?noai.
Ia?aia naycaii n onoaiiaeaieai i?aaee iacia/aiey ?oeiaiaeeoaey e
iiae?acoiaaaao ooieoeeiiaeueiua ioiioaiey. “Iaoi?iaeueiia” eeaea?noai
aicieeaao ia iniiaa ee/iuo acaeiiioiioaiee o/anoieeia. Yoe oeiu
eeaea?noaa eeai aeiiieiytho ae?oa ae?oaa e ni/aoathony a eeoea
aaoi?eoa?iiai ?oeiaiaeeoaey, eeai anooiatho a eiioeeeo e oiaaea
yooaeoeaiinoue i?aaiecaoeee iaaeaao.
Eiathony e ae?oaea eeanneoeeaoeee eeaea?ia. Oae, iie aeaeyony ia
i?aayueo e iiiiceoeeiiiuo, e?oiiuo e iaeeeo, e?oiiuo e ?ooeiiuo e o.i.
A caeeth/aiea iiaeii neacaoue, /oi nouanoaotho ?acee/iua iniiaaiey aeey
eeanneoeeaoeee e n?aaiaiey eeaea?ia, a neaaeiaaoaeueii e ?acee/iua
oeiieiaee eeaea?noaa. ?aciiia?acea oeiia eeaea?ia ai iiiaii iauyniyaony
oe?ieei e?oaii ?aoaaiuo eie caaea/.
Oaeiaa oeiieiaey eeaea?noaa, eioi?ay, eiia/ii, ia yaeyaony
en/a?iuaathuae. E?iia oiai, oai?aoe/aneee aiaeec, aeaaea naiue
ouaoaeueiue, ia iiaeao ioaaoeoue anaai neiaeiiai e iiiaiia?aciiai
yaeaiey eeaea?noaa. ?aaeueiinoue i?aeoe/anee anaaaea aiaa/a oai?ee e
ii?iaeaeaao /aua anaai eiiaeie?iaaiiua oeiu eeaea?ia e ?acee/iua
iiaeeoeeaoeee.
2. Iieeoe/aneia eeaea?noai.
Iieeoe/aneia eeaea?noai i?aaenoaaeyao niaie oei eeaea?noaa a oii
niunea, /oi iii inouanoaeyaony ii oe?ieiio e?oao aii?inia e i?iaeai,
cao?aaeaay i?aeoe/anee ana noi?iiu iauanoaaiiie aeecie. Aeayoaeueiinoue
?acee/iuo ia?oee, iauanoaaiiuo i?aaiecaoeee ia?niieoeoee?oaony a
eiie?aoiuo ee/iinoyo – eeaea?ao. Iiyoiio iieeoe/aneea eeaea?u yaeythony
naiuie i?eciaaaaiui, oieaa?naeueiui, aucuaathuei anaiauee eioa?an
yeaiaioii iieeoe/aneie aeecie.
Noauaeoaie e iauaeoaie iieeoeee anaaaea aunooiatho ethaee ni naieie
iio?aaiinoyie e eioa?anaie, eaeaaeii, iiuoii, oeaiiinoiuie i?eaioe?aie,
yiioeeyie e eoeueoo?ie. Iieeoeea anaaaea naycaia n ioiioaieyie iaaeaeo
ethaeueie, au?aaeaao aeayoaeueiinoue ethaeae n?aaee ethaeae. Ia Caiaaea
eioa?an e iieeoe/aneiio eeaea?noao aiciee a na?aaeeia 70-o aiaeia, ii
enneaaeiaaiey a yoie iaeanoe ieacaeenue iacia/eoaeueiuie.
Iaeaieaa ecaanoiuie iieeoieiaaie, caieiaaoeieny i?iaeaiie iieeoe/aneiai
eeaea?noaa yaeythony Aeae.Iaeaeae, Aeae. Iae A?aai? Aa?in,
AE.Aeiiaeaeue, ?.Oaea?.
Eioaeeaeooaeueiui i?i?uaii a enneaaeiaaiee oaiiiaia iieeoe/aneiai
eeaea?noaa yaeeinue iioaeeeiaaiea a 1978 aiaeo eieae Aeae. Iae A?aai?a
Aa?ina “Eeaea?noai”. Iia auea iai?aaeaia ia oi, /oiau i?ieiaeeoue iiaoth
aei?iao aeey enneaaeiaaiee a iaeanoe, a eioi?ie e yoiio a?aiaie eia-/oi
oaea auei caiooaii iiiaeanoaii aeaoeieoeee, iiiyoee cae?aaiai niunea e
aeia?aoe/aneeie i/a?eaie i?e iaoaaoea, a oi aea a?aiy, iauae oai?ee
eeaea?noaa.
*oi aea oaeia iieeoe/aneia eeaea?noai ? Iao iauai?eiyoiai ii?aaeaeaiey
yoiai iiiyoey, oi/ii oae aea eae ia nouanoaoao oa?aeoa?enoeee, eioi?ay
i?eiaiyeanue au e eeaea?noao aiiaua.
AE.Aeiiaeaeue a eieaa “Iieeoe/aneia eeaea?noai. Iooue ei
anaiauaiethuaio aiaeeco.” ii?aaeaeyao eeaea?noai eae “aeanoue”, eioi?ay
inouanoaeyaony “naa?oo aiec”.
Ioee/ea aeanoe eeaea?a io ae?oaeo oi?i aeanoe Aeiiaeaeue aeaeeo ia
noieueei a i?e?iaea ioiioaiee iaaeaeo eeaea?ii e inoaeueiie iaoeeae,
neieueei a oii, /oi eeaea? iaeaaeathuee aeanoueth e ioaeathuee i?eeacu,
inouanoaeyao yoo aeanoue iaae ii?aaeaeaiiie a?oiiie naieo iiae/eiaiiuo.
Ioiioaiey aeanoe, inouanoaeyaiua a eiioaenoa eeaea?noaa ioee/athony
iniaui ia?aaainoaii, oae eae eeaea?u niiniaiu canoaaeoue anao /eaiia
naiae a?oiiu ( anao a?aaeaeai) aeaeaoue oi, /oi a ae?oaii neo/aa iie ia
aeaeaee au.
Aeae.Iaeaeae n/eoaao, /oi iieeoe/aneia eeaea?noai – yoi iiaaaeaiea
ethaeae, iaoiaeyueony a iiceoeee aeanoe eo niia?ieeia, eo
acaeiiaeaenoaea n inoaeueiuie /eaiaie iauanoaa, eae yoi nouanoaiaaei a
i?ioeii, nouanoaoao a ianoiyuai e, aiciiaeii, aoaeao nouanoaiaaoue a
aoaeouai ai anai ie?a
Iieeoe/aneia eeaea?noai icia/aao ia oieueei iiaaaeaiea ethaeae,
iaoiaeyueony ia aa?oeia aeanoe, ii e oao, eoi iaoiaeeony ia n?aaeiai e
aieaa ieceii o?iaia. Ii iiaieth Aeae.Iaeaeaea, iiae iieeoe/aneei
eeaea?noaii eiaaony a aeaeo ia oieueei eeaea?noai ioaeaeueiuo ee/iinoae,
ii e “eieeaeoeaiia eeaea?noai”, e acaeiiaeaenoaea eeaea?a ni naieie
iineaaeiaaoaeyie eae aaeeiia ia?aciaaiea.
Ii neiaai ?.Oaea?a, “eeaea?noai anoue oeacaiea iai?aaeaiey, eioi?ia a
eiia/iii n/aoa iaoeaeaii ia aeaenoaea”. Ii iii aoaeao yooaeoeaiui e
?aaeueiui oieueei a neo/aa, anee “oeacaiea” eiaao niune i?eiaieoaeueii
e aeaiiie neooaoeee.
Iaoaieci aea iieeoe/aneiai eeaea?noaa i?aaenoaaeyao niaie nenoaio
?aaoeyoi?ia aeayoaeueiinoe iieeoeea, iaania/eaathuoth ia oieueei
eaaaeueiinoue aai aeaenoaee, ii e niioaaonoaea eo i?eiyoie a iauanoaa
nenoaia aeooiaiuo oeaiiinoae.
Aiai?y i iieeoe/aneii eeaea?noaa eae ia iniaii e cia/eoaeueiii oeia
aeanoe, ioaeii neacaoue, /oi iniaaiiinoue yoa ninoieo a oii, /oi yoa
aeanoue inouanoaeyaony ii oe?ieiio e?oao aii?inia e i?iaeai.
Iieeoe/aneea eeaea?u inouanoaeytho naith aeanoue iaae noa?ie,
aeeth/athuae a naay iaaeaeoia?iaeiua aeaea, iai?iio, yeiiiie/aneia e
nioeeaeueiia aeaaininoiyiea a?aaeaeai.
Aeey iiieiaiey eiiieaeniiai oaiiiaia iieeoe/aneiai eeaea?noaa
iaiaoiaeei o/ao ?acee/iuo oeiia ia?aiaiiuo, eioi?ua a niaieoiiinoe
ii?aaeaeytho i?e?iaeo eeaea?noaa a eaaeaeue eiie?aoiue iiiaio a?aiaie:
– ee/iinoue eeaea?a, aai i?ienoiaeaeaiea, i?ioeann nioeeaeecaoeee e
niiniau aai auaeaeaeaiey;
– oa?aeoa?enoeee iineaaeiaaoaeae;
– ioiioaiey iaaeaeo eeaea?ii e iineaaeiaaoaeyie;
– eiioaeno, a eioi?ii eiaao ianoi eeaea?noai;
-?acoeueoao acaeiiaeaenoaey iaaeaeo eeaea?ii e aai iineaaeiaaoaeyie a
ii?aaeaeaiiuo neooaoeeyo.
I?e oaeii ?anniio?aiee i?ioeanna iieeoe/aneiai eeaea?noaa ia ia?aue
ieai aunooiatho ioiioaiey eeaea?a n iineaaeiaaoaeyie. Iiyoiio ia
neo/aeii iaeioi?ua aaoi?u n/eoatho ioiioaiey “eeaea? – iineaaeiaaoaee”
aeiieie?othuei oaeoi?ii, ii?aaeaeythuei eeaea?noai.
A no?oeoo?a iieeoe/aneiai eeaea?noaa iau/ii auaeaeytho o?e aeaaiuo
eiiiiiaioa :
1. Eiaeeaeaeoaeueiua /a?ou eeaea?a.
2. ?ano?nu, eee eino?oiaiou, eioi?uie ii ?aniieaaaao.
3. Neooaoeey, a eioi?ie ii aeaenoaoao e eioi?ay ieacuaaao ia iaai
aeeyiea.
Ana yoe eiiiiiaiou i?yii aeeytho ia yooaeoeaiinoue eeaea?noaa. Ii anee
aeanoiua iiceoeee e ?iee, yaeythueany iauaeoeaiie iniiaie iieeoe/aneiai
eeaea?noaa, ioiineoaeueii noaaeeueiu, n o?oaeii e aeinoaoi/ii ?aaeei
iiaeaa?aathony ?aaeeeaeueiui eciaiaieyi, oi ee/iinoiue, ia?niiaeueiue
eiiiiiaio eeaea?noaa aieaa oaeo/ e iiaeaeaeai.
I?e?iaea iieeoe/aneiai eeaea?noaa aeinoaoi/ii neiaeia e ia iiaeaeaaony
iaeiicia/iie eioa?i?aoaoeee. I?iynieoue aai noauaeoeaiua iaoaieciu
iiiiaatho ineoieiae/aneea oai?ee e, a /anoiinoe, ineoiaiaeeoe/aneia
iauyniaiea eeaea?noaa. Eae n/eoae iniiaiiieiaeiee ineoiaiaeeca C.O?aeae,
a iniiaa eeaea?noaa eaaeeo iiaeaaeaiiia eeaeaei – i?aeiouanoaaiii
aanniciaoaeueiia aea/aiea naenoaeueiiai oa?aeoa?a. Iii i?iyaeyaony a
no?aieaiee e oai?/anoao, a oii /enea e e eeaea?noao.
O iiiaeo ethaeae iaeaaeaiea ?oeiaiaeyueie iiceoeeyie auiieiyao
noauaeoeaii – eiiiainaoi?neea ooieoeee, iicaieyao iiaeaaeyoue eeai
i?aiaeieaaaoue ?acee/iiai ?iaea eiiieaenu, /oanoai iaiieiioeaiiinoe.
Ii?aaeaeaiiua ineoieiae/aneea iio?aaiinoe oaeaea iiae/eiaiea eeaea?o.
Noauaeoeaiia i?eiyoea eeaea?noaa caeeaaeuaaaony aua a aeaonoaa, eiaaea
?aaaiie ioaeaeaaony a iie?iaeoaeuenoaa e aaoi?eoaoa ?iaeeoaeae.
Iieeoe/aneia eeaea?noai nouanoaoao ia o?ao nioeeaeueiuo o?iaiyo, aaea
auiieiyao ?acee/iua ooieoeee :
1. Ia o?iaia iaeie a?oiiu, iauaaeeiaiiie iieeoe/aneeie eioa?anaie. Iii
i?aaenoaaeyao niaie iaoaieci eioaa?aoeee a?oiiiaie aeayoaeueiinoe, a
eioi?ie eeaea? iai?aaeyao e i?aaieciauaaao aeaenoaey a?oiiu,
i?aaeuyaeythuae e ee/iinoe eeaea?a ii?aaeaeaiiua o?aaiaaiey. Eeaea?noai
yoiai o?iaiy i?enoua anai iauanoaai.
2. Eeaea?noai ia o?iaia iieeoe/aneeo aeaeaeaiee a eiioaenoa i?eoycaiee
ia aeanoue eiie?aoiuo nioeeaeueiuo neiaa, naycaiiuo iauiinoueth
iieeoe/aneeo eioa?ania, iniiaaiiie ia iaeeiaeiaii nioeeaeueiii noaoona,
a ia oceia?oiiiauie eioa?anaie. A yoii neo/aa eeaea?noai auiieiyao ia
oieueei eioaa?aoeaioth, ii e i?aaiaoe/aneoth ooieoeeth. Ia?aua aeaa
o?iaiy oa?aeoa?ecotho aeanoue a ethaii iauanoaa, iacaaeneii io oi?iu
ainoaea?noaaiiiai ono?ienoaa e yaeythony ii nouanoao i?iyaeaieai
oaiiiaia eeaea?noaa a iieeoeea eae iaeiie ec noa? iauanoaaiiie aeecie.
Eeaea?ii aoi?iai o?iaiy iiaeao auoue eae iioaioeeaeueiue aeeeoaoi?, oae
e aoaeouee ?aoi?iaoi? aeaiie?aoe/aneie i?eaioaoeee.
3. Eeaea?noai iieeoe/aneia eae niinia i?aaiecaoeee aeanoe a oneiaeyo
nouanoaiaaiey a?aaeaeaineiai iauanoaa, ?acaeaeaiey aeanoae, a oaeaea
aeeooa?aioeeaoeee nioeeaeueiuo neiaa ia iniiaa yeiiiie/aneiai iieiaeaiey
e niioaaonoaothuaai naiiniciaiey.
Iieeoe/aneia eeaea?noai neoaeeo einoeoooii, eioi?ue aeeth/aao aieueooth
/anoue ianaeaiey a ?aoaiea nioeeaeueiuo i?iaeai a ianooaaa iauanoaa a
oeaeii. Iieeoe/aneia eeaea?noai, eae iaoaieci eioaa?aoeee iauanoaa
nicaeaaony nicaeaaony ia oieueei iin?aaenoaii i?aaiaie ?aaeaiaioaoeee
aeayoaeueiinoe iieeoeee, ii e ii?aeueii – ineoieiae/aneeie
?aaoeyoeaaie. Noaeueaa iieeoeee caaeneo io iinooiea, ca eioi?ue ii ia
iaycaoaeueii ianao ioaaonoaaiiinoue, ii ii iiaeao noieoue aio ea?uea?u.
A ea/anoaa niaoeeoe/aneiai nioeeaeueiiai einoeoooa iieeoe/aneia
eeaea?noai iaia?oaeeaaao naay ii ia?a ?aaeecaoeee neaaeothueo ooieoeee:
1. Eioaa?aoeaiie ( eioaa?aoeee eioa?ania neiaa ianaeaiey a eiie?aoiie
iieeoe/aneie i?ia?aiia,, a eaeaaea i?aaeoniao?eaathuae oaeiaeaoai?aiea
eioa?ania eaaeaeie a?oiiu ianaeaiey).
2. Eii?aeeiaoeeiiiie ( ei??aeyoeey aeayoaeueiinoe o?ao aeanoiuo
einoeoooia ( ia?eaiaioa, noaea, aaeieieno?aoeee) n i?eiyoie a iauanoaa
nenoaiie ?aaoeyoeaia, n iauanoaaiiui iiaieai).
3.I?aaiaoe/iie (i?aa?auaiea oeaeae e caaea/, noiyueo ia?aae iauanoaii e
oi?ie?othueony a eaeaieiaee, a eiie?aoiua i?ia?aiiu aeaenoaey.
N oi/ee c?aiey niaea?aeaiey i?eiyoi auaeaeyoue neaaeothuea ooieoeee:
1. Eioaa?aoeey iauanoaa, iauaaeeiaiea iann. Eeaea? i?ecaai aiieiuaoue a
naaa e i?aaenoaaeyoue ai acaeiiioiioaieyo n ae?oaeie ainoaea?noaaie
iaoeeiiaeueiia aaeeinoai, iiaeaaaoue i?eia? neoaeaiey ia?iaeo,
ioa/anoao.
2. Iaoiaeaeaiea e i?eiyoea iioeiaeueiuo iieeoe/aneeo ?aoaiee.
3. Nioeeaeueiue a?aeo?aae e iao?iiaae, iiaeaea?aeaiea ii?yaeea e
caeiiiinoe n iiiiuueth eiio?iey, iiiu?aiey e iaeacaiey.
4. Eiiioieeaoeey aeanoe e iann, oi?i/aiea yiioeeiiaeueiie nayce e oai
naiui i?aaeioa?auaiea io/oaeaeaiey a?aaeaeai io aeanoe.
5. Eieoeee?iaaiea iaiiaeaiey, aaia?e?iaaiiea iioeiecia e nioeeaeueiie
yia?aee, iiaeeecaoeey iann ia ?aaeecaoeeth iieeoe/aneeo oeaeae. Eeaea?
i?ecaai io?aiyoue ia?iaeiua o?aaeeoeee, iaania/eaaoue i?ia?ann iauanoaa.
Iieeoe/aneia eeaea?noai eae neiaeiia nioeeaeueiia yaeaiea iaiaeii?iaeii
ii oeiieiaee. Oeiu iieeoe/aneiai eeaea?noaa no?iyony ii neaaeothuei
i?eciaeai :
1. *aoeinoue iieeoe/aneie oeaee, i?iaicaeaoaaiay a i?ia?aiiiuo
cayaeaieyo eeaea?a, yniinoue aeey ianaeaiey i?iaiaeeiuo ia? ii aa
?aaeecaoeee.
2. Iaee/ea nianoaaiiuo iiaeoiaeia e ?aoaieth iieeoe/aneeo i?iaeai,
naiiauoiinoue eeaea?a.
3. Iniaaiiinoe acaeiiioiioaiee eeaea?a e aai ni?aoieeia, iaoiaeu
?oeiaiaenoaa, eniieuecoaiua eeaea?ii.
I?aaeeaaaaony neaaeothuay oeiieiaey iieeoe/aneeo eeaea?ia:
1. Aaoie?aoe/aneee oei, i?aaeiieaaathuee iaia?aie/aiioth ee/ioth
aeanoue, aeanoeia aeaaeaiea ia iauanoaaiiua no?oeoo?u, ianeeea eae
ao?eaoo aaoi?eoa?iiai noeey. A oioaeeoa?iie iauanoaaiie nenoaia e oaeiio
oeio iiaeii ioianoe eeaea?ia ecaanoiuo oioaeeoa?iuo ?aaeeiia (
noaeeieci, oaoeci).
2. Eeaa?aeueiue noeeue, i?aaeiieaaathuee aeaeia iieeoe/aneia
?aaae?iaaiea ia i?ienoiaeyuea a iauanoaa i?ioeannu: ?aoi?ie?iaaiea
naa?oo n iia?aaeaieai niauoee, iieeoe/aneia i?iaiice?iaaiea. Ia?aaeei
yoio noeeue iieeoe/aneiai eeaea?a i?eaiaeeo e io/oaeaeaieth iann io
?aaeueiiai iieeoe/aneiai oai?/anoaa, e aeaeeiinoe aeaiie?aoe/aneeo
?aoi?i e iieeoe/aneeo naiaiae.
3. Aeaiie?aoe/aneee noeeue ia aue oa?aeoa?ai aeey ?inneeneie
iieeoe/aneie enoi?ee eae iieeoe/aneay o?aaeeoeey. Aeaiiue noeeue a
/enoii aeaea ia i?aaenoaaeai ie a iaeiie no?aia. Aeaiie?aoe/aneee noeeue
iniiaai ia anaia?iii i?eaea/aiee oe?ieeo neiaa ianaeaiey e
oi?aaeai/aneie iieeoe/aneie aeayoaeueiinoe a yeaiaioa?iuo iianaaeiaaiuo
oi?iao, e aunoaio oeio iieeoe/aneie aeayoaeueiinoe – iieeoe/aneiio
oai?/anoao. Aeaiiue noeeue nicaeaao i?aaeiinueee aeey noaiiaeaiey
naiii?aaiecaoeee e naii?aaoee?iaaiey iauanoaa e aai no?oeoo?.
Eoae, a e?aoeie oi?ia auei ?anniio?aii iieeoe/aneia eeaea?noai, ia
iniiaaiee auoaeceiaeaiiiai a caeeth/aiea iiaeii naeaeaoue neaaeothuee
auaiae:
– A nia?aiaiiie iaoea nouanoaoao iiiaeanoai ii?aaeaeaiee iieeoe/aneiai
eeaea?noaa, iieeoe/aneia eeaea?noai i?aaenoaaeyao niaie iniaue oei
eeaea?noaa, aieaa caiaoiue e cia/eiue, /ai ae?oaea oi?iu eeaea?noaa.
E?oa caaea/ e ooieoeee, auiieiyaiuo iieeoe/aneeie eeaea?aie aeinoaoi/ii
oe?ie. Aeaaiie aea iniaaiiinoueth iieeoe/aneiai eeaea?noaa yaeyaony aai
ianooaaiinoue e cia/eiinoue aeey iauanoaa.
3. ?oeiaiaenoai e eeaea?noai
Niaoeeoeea iiiyoee eeaea?noaa a nioeeaeueiie ineoieiaee oi?ioi aeaeia
i?e aiaeeca e n?aaiaiee aeaoo oaiiiaiia – eeaea?noaa e ?oeiaiaenoaa.
Iiae eeaea?noaii o/aiua, enneaaeiaaaoea yoio aii?in iau/ii eiaee a aeaeo
oa?aeoa?enoeeo ineoieiae/aneeo ioiioaiee, aicieeathueo a a?oiia
“ii-aa?oeeaee”, oi anoue n oi/ee c?aiey aeiieie?iaaiey e iiae/eiaiey.
Iiiyoea aea ?oeiaiaenoaa ioiineony e i?aaiecaoeee aeayoaeueiinoe a?oiiu
e i?ioeanno oi?aaeaiey ath. Iaeaieaa iieii ?acee/ey iaaeaeo yoeie
iiiyoeyie io?aaeaiu a ?aaioa A.Ae.Ia?uaeia:
1. Eeaea? a iniiaiii i?ecaai inouanoaeyoue ?aaoeyoeeth iaaeee/iinoiuo
ioiioaiee a a?oiia, a oi a?aiy eae ?oeiaiaeeoaeue inouanoaeyao
i?aaiecaoeeth ioeoeeaeueiuo ioiioaiee a?oiiu eae nioeeaeueiie
i?aaiecaoeee..
2. Eeaea?noai iiaeii eiinoaoe?iaaoue a oneiaeyo iee?in?aaeu ( ath e
yaeyaony iaeay a?oiia). ?oeiaiaenoai – yoi yeaiaio iae?in?aaeu, o.a. iii
naycaii nenoaiie iauanoaaiiuo ioiioaiee.
3. Eeaea?noai aicieeaao noeoeeii, ?oeiaiaeeoaeue anyeie ?aaeueiie
nioeeaeueiie a?oiiu eeai iacia/aaony, eeai ecae?aaony. Ii oae eee eia/a,
yoio i?ioeann ia yaeyaony noeoeeiui, a, iai?ioea, oeaeaiai?aaeaiii
inouanoaeyaiui iiae eiio?ieai ?acee/iuo yeaiaioia nioeeaeueiie
no?oeoo?u.
4. ssaeaiea eeaea?noaa iaiaa noaaeeueii, auaeaeaeaiea eeaea?a a
aieueoie noaiaie caaeneo io iano?iaiey a a?oiia, a oi a?aiy eae
?oeiaiaeeoaeue – yaeaiea aieaa noaaeeueiia.
5. ?oeiaiaenoai iiae/eiaiiuie, a ioee/ea io eeaea?noaa, iaeaaeaao
ai?acaei aieaa ii?aaeaeaiiie nenoaiie ?acee/iuo naieoeee, eioi?uo iao a
?oeao eeaea?a.
6. I?ioeann i?eiyoey ?aoaiee ?oeiaiaeeoaeai aieaa neiaeai e
iiin?aaeiaai iiiaeanoaii ?acee/iuo ianoiyoaeuenoa, a oi a?aiy eae eeaea?
i?eieiaao aieaa iaiin?aaenoaaiiua ?aoaiey, eanathueany a?oiiiaie
aeayoaeueiinoe.
7. Noa?a aeayoaeueiinoe eeaea?a – a iniiaiii iaeay a?oiia, aaea ii
yaeyaony eeaea?ii, noa?a aeayoaeueiinoe ?oeiaiaeeoaey oe?a, oae eae ii
i?aaenoaaeyao iaeoth a?oiio a aieaa oe?ieie nioeeaeueiie nenoaia.
A yoii ?acee/ey ?oeiaiaenoaa e eeaea?noaa, ii anoue e iauaa:
1. ?oeiaiaenoai e eeaea?noai – n?aaenoaa eii?aeeiaoeee ioiioaiee /eaiia
nioeeaeueiie a?oiiu.
2. Iaa oaiiiaia ?aaeecotho i?ioeannu nioeeaeueiiai aeeyiey a
eieeaeoeaa.
3. ?oeiaiaenoao, eae e eeaea?noao i?enoua ii?aaeaeaiiay noai?aeeiaoeey
ioiioaiee. A ia?aii neo/aa ioiioaiey /aoei ii?aaeaeaiu e cae?aieaiu
aeieaeiinoiuie eino?oeoeeyie, a ai aoi?ii – ioiioaiey ieeae ia i/a?/aiu.
Ia?aaeei eeaea?noai niiniaii ia?aoiaeeoue a ?oeiaiaenoai, a
?oeiaiaenoai /anoi noaiiaeony eeaea?noaii.
Eiooii A. e ?ioc Y. n/eoatho, /oi eeaea?u – yoi oa, eoi i?aa?auaao
nineoaeeaoeaa a ethaeae, nio?oaeie/athueo n iei ii oaaaeaeaieth.
A ainoaea?noaaiiuo o/?aaeaeaieyo iau/ii n/eoaaony, /oi iaia/aoue oeaee
e a?aoue ia naay ioaaonoaaiiinoue – aeaei iieeoeeia, a ia
ainoaea?noaaiiuo neoaeaueo. Eeaea?noai ia ainoaea?noaaiiie neoaeaa –
eiae/aneay ianiia?aciinoue a oneiaeyo aeaiie?aoee (Eiooii, ?ioc).
O?oaeiinoue n aeaoeaio?aeecaoeeae ioaaonoaaiiinoe e iiaeio/aoiinoueth a
ainoaea?noaaiiuo o/?aaeaeaieyo caeeth/aaony a oii, /oi ii o?aaeeoeee
io/aoa o?aaotho io iieeoeea, a ia io /eiiaieea. Oae /oi anee a yoie
no?oeoo?a e inouanoaeyaony eeaea?noai, oi iii niaiaaeaao n ?ieueth e
oeaeyie iieeoeea.
Aioo?e ainoaea?noaaiiie neoaeau auaeaeythony /aou?a oaeoi?a, aeeythuea
ia eeaea?noai :
– eiiiaoaioiinoue : aaeieieno?aoeaiue ia?niiae aeieaeai auoue
aini?eei/ea e i?iaeaiai, ?aoaiey eioi?uo aeaeoo io iaai eeaea?u;
– i?aaiecaoeey oi?aaeaiey: ?acoiiay i?aaiecaoeey ai?eciioaeueiuo
naycae, noieue aea aaaeiuo, eae e aa?oeeaeueiuo. Neaaeoao eneaoue
iioeiaeueiue eiii?iienn iaaeaeo eiioeeeoothueie oeaeyie, ono?aiyoue
neooaoeeth, eiaaea iaeie i?aaiu aeaenoaotho yooaeoeaiaa, /ai ae?oaea;
– oaniay naycue iaaeaeo ath?ie?aoeae n iaeiie noi?iiu, eeaea?noaii e
i?aaeoaeuenoaii n ae?oaie. Ainoaea?noaaiiua neoaeauea aeieaeiu auoue
oaeeie, /oiau ia ieo iiaeii auei iieiaeeoueny. Ii ana caaeneo io oiai,
eaeea o?aaiaaiey i?aaeuyaeythony ainoaea?noaaiiui neoaeauei: anee iie
caauoaiu, oi yoi aeaii?aeecoao. Neiaeiinoue caeeth/aaony a ?acee/ee
iaaeaeo ea?uea?ie iieeoeea e ea?uea?ie ainoaea?noaaiiiai neoaeauaai.
Eiaaea iieeoee i?eoiaeeo “ecaia”, aicieeatho o?aiey. Ainieoaiea
eiyeueiinoe ainoaea?noaaiiuo neoaeaueo ?acee/iuie n?aaenoaaie, ii ia a
oua?a eieoeeaoeaiinoe – oaeiai i/aaeaeiia o?aaiaaiea, anee eeaea?u
iaeeaeatho io ath?ie?aoee iiiiue a aeinoeaeaiee naieo oeaeae.
– ath?ie?aoey aeieaeia auoue naycaia n ianaeaieai, oaeei ia?acii
o?oaeiinoe a ?aaeecaoeee caaea/ naiaeyony e ieieioio.
Neaaeoao aeiaaaeoue, /oi eeaea?u aeieaeiu eiaoue /aoeia i?aaenoaaeaiea
i oii, /oi caeeth/aaony a ?oeiaiaenoaa, /oiau ieacuaaoue ia inoaeueiuo
iai?aaeythuaa aicaeaenoaea.
Aua aaaeiue iiiaio, eioi?ue iiaeii ioiaoeoue, ninoieo a oii, /oi
?oeiaiaenoai aeieaeii oe?a ?anniao?eaaoue ?aaioo i?aaiecaoeee e ia
caauaaoue, a eaeie n?aaea ooieoeeiie?oao i?aaiecaoeey. Eeaea?u anao
o?iaiae aeieaeiu auoue inaaaeiieaiu ia iaueo oneiaeyo, a eioi?uo
i?ioaeaao eo ?aaioa.
Iiiaea o?oaeiinoe a ainoaea?noaaiiuo o/?aaeaeaieyo iaoneiaeaiu
oi?iaeueiie ia?acaa?eoie, ea?a?oe/aneie no?oeoo?ie, a eioi?ie
?acaeaathony yoe acaeiiioiioaiey. Yoe i?aaiecaoeee eiatho oaiaeaioeeth
oi?aaeyoueny i?eeacaie e eiieoaoaie, eioi?ua naie i?eaaaatho e
aee?aeoeaiiio noeeth ?oeiaiaenoaa. Iiyoiio, /oiau ii?aaeaeeoue iaeaieaa
iiaeoiaeyuaa ?oeiaiaenoai, iaiaoiaeeii ciaoue no?oeoo?o i?aaiecaoeee.
Aaniieacii aunooiaoue ca aieaa aeaiie?aoe/aneee noeeue ?oeiaiaenoaa,
anee no?oeoo?a ia aeiioneaao nio/anoey e iaoi?iaeueiiai ?oeiaiaenoaa.
Aiai?y i ?oeiaiaenoaa, iiaeii i?eaanoe oi/eo c?aiey aia?eeaineeo
enneaaeiaaoaeae Aeaeiiniia, Eanoa e ?icaioeaaeaa, eioi?ua ii?aaeaeytho
aai eae “iniiaioth neeo a i?aaiecaoeeyo, eioi?ay eii?aeeie?oao
aeayoaeueiinoue iiaenenoai e ii?aaeaeyao eo acaeiinaycue n ie?oaeathuae
n?aaeie” Ii?aaeaeyy caaea/e ?oeiaiaeeoaey, iie ooaa?aeaeatho, /oi
?oeiaiaeeoaeue aeieaeai i?aa?aoeoue iai?aaieciaaiiua iaoa?eaeueiua
?ano?nu a iieaciia e yooaeoeaiia i?aaei?eyoea. ?oeiaiaenoaii iie
iacuaatho i?ioeann, iin?aaenoaii eioi?iai ?ac?iciaiiua ?ano?nu
iauaaeeiythony a aaeeioth nenoaio aeey aeinoeaeaiey iinoaaeaiiie oeaee.
Oi?aaeyy o?oaeiauie e iaoa?eaeueiuie ?ano?naie, aeey aeinoeaeaiey oeaeae
nenoaiu ?oeiaiaeeoaeue iaania/eaaao i?iecaiaenoai i?iaeoeoeee,
eii?aeeie?oao e eioaa?e?oao aeayoaeueiinoue ae?oaeo nio?oaeieeia.
Ooieoeee ?oeiaiaenoaa yoe aaoi?u ii?aaeaeytho neaaeothuei ia?acii :
1. Ieaie?iaaiea – aeeth/aao a naay auai? oeaeae i?aaiecaoeee, a oaeaea
ii?aaeaeaiea iieeoeee, i?ia?aii, ia?aca aeaenoaee e iaoiaeia eo
aeinoeaeaiey, iaania/eaaao iniiao aeey i?eiyoey eioaa?e?iaaiiuo ?aoaiee.
2. I?aaiecaoeey – iai?aaeaia ia iauaaeeiaiea ethaeae e iaoa?eaeueiuo,
oeiainiauo e ae?oaeo ?ano?nia a nenoaio oaeei ia?acii, /oiau niaianoiay
aeayoaeueiinoue i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai ia?niiaea iaania/eaaea ?aoaiea
caaea/, noiyueo ia?aae i?aaiecaoeeae. Aeeth/aao a naay: ii?aaeaeaiea oao
aeaeia aaeieieno?aoeaiie aeayoaeueiinoe, eioi?ua iaiaoiaeeiu aeey
aeinoeaeaiey oeaeae i?aaei?eyoey, ?ani?aaeaeaiea yoeo aeaeia
aeayoaeueiinoe ii iiae?acaeaeaieyi, i?aaeinoaaeaiea i?aa e onoaiiaeaiea
ioaaonoaaiiinoe ca eo eniieiaiea.
3. Oi?aaeaiea – iaania/eaaao ?aaioo ?acee/iuo iiaenenoai a niioaaonoaee
n ieaiii. Caeeth/aaony a eiio?iea aeayoaeueiinoe iiaenenoai n
iineaaeothuae ei??aeoeeae aeey iaania/aiey auiieiaiey ieaia anae
i?aaiecaoeee.
4. Naycue – ia?aaea/a eioi?iaoeee iaaeaeo oeaio?aie ?acee/iuo
iiaenenoai e i?aaiecaoeee, iaania/eaathueie i?eiyoea ?aoaiee e acaeiiue
iaiai eioi?iaoeeae n aiaoiei ie?ii.
Auiieiaiea eaaeaeie ooieoeee caaeneo io auiieiaiey o?ao inoaeueiuo.
Oaeei ia?acii, iniiaiay caaea/a ?oeiaiaenoaa caeeth/aaony a eioaa?aoeee
anao /aou?ao ooieoeee aeey iaania/aiey yooaeoeaiiai aeinoeaeaiey iaueo
oeaeae nenoaiu.
Nouanoaoao e ianeieueei eiay oi/ea c?aiey, naiaeyuayny e oiio, /oi
ooieoeee ?oeiaiaenoaa neaaeoao ?anniao?eaaoue /a?ac oi?aaeai/aneea
i?ioeannu – ieaie?iaaiea, i?aaiecaoeeth, ?oeiaiaenoai ethaeueie,
iioeaaoeeth, eiio?ieue e, niioaaonoaaiii, auaeaeythony neaaeothuea
ooieoeee ?oeiaiaeeoaey:
– aaeieieno?aoi?neay ( i?aaeaea anaai yoai eiio?iey);
– no?aoaae/aneay ( ieaie?iaaiea e i?iaiic aiciiaeiuo niauoee a noa?a
aeayoaeueiinoe eiie?aoiiai ?oeiaiaeeoaey e nioeeaeueiie i?aaiecaoeee a
oeaeii);
– yenia?oii – eiinoeueoaoeaiay;
– i?aaenoaaeoaeueneay;
– ainieoaoaeueiay;
– eiiioieeaoeaii – ?aaoee?othuay;
– eiiiaaoeeiiiay;
– aeenoeeieeia?iay.
Aaaeioth ?ieue a i?ioeanna ?oeiaiaenoaa ea?atho ieaie?iaaiea e
i?iaiice?iaaiea. Ieaie?iaaiea – yoi aeayoaeueiinoue ?oeiaiaeeoaey,
iai?aaeaiiay ia i?aaeii?aaeaeaiea ieaiia ia iineaaeiee ia?eiae a?aiaie,
i?iaoaeaeaiea e auiieiaieth ?acee/iuo aeaeia aeayoaeueiinoe e
ii?aaeaeaiea iaiaoiaeeiuo aeey yoiai n?aaenoa, a ?acoeueoaoa /aai
aeieaeiu auoue iinoaaeaiu ii?aaeaeaiiua oeaee. I?iaiice?iaaiea – yoi
aeayoaeueiinoue ?oeiaiaeeoaey, iai?aaeaiiay ia oi, /oiau ioeaieoue,
i?aaeainoeoeoue niauoey e aeinoe/ue aeaeaaiiai ?acoeueoaoa.
Aieueooth ?ieue a ieaie?iaaiee e i?iaiice?iaaiee ea?aao iieeoeea
i?aaiecaoeee. Iieeoeea i?aaiecaoeee – yoi aeayoaeueiinoue ?oeiaiaeeoaey
ii yooaeoeaiiio eniieueciaaieth eino?oeoeee e i?aaeienaiee, iai?aaeaiiay
ia yeiiiieth a?aiaie. Iieeoeea i?aaiecaoeee aeieaeia auoue
noi?ioee?iaaia oae, /oiau nie?aoeoue a?aiy a i?eiyoee oi?aaeai/aneeo
?aoaiee. Oiaiea i?eieiaoue ?aoaiey e niiniaiinoue oai?/anee ?aoaoue
i?iaeaiu – aaaeiaeoea i?ioanneiiaeueiua ea/anoaa ?oeiaiaeeoaey, io
eioi?iai caaeneo yooaeoeaiinoue ethaie oi?aaeai/aneie aeayoaeueiinoe.
A oi?aaeai/aneii ?oeiaiaenoaa eaaeaeiio ?oeiaiaeeoaeth, eeaea?o
iaiaoiaeeiu oaeaea ciaiey e oiaiea eiiioieeaoeaii – ?aaoee?othuaai
iauaiey. Eaaeaeue ?oeiaiaeeoaeue iaycai nicaeaaaoue eiiioieeaoeee a
naiai eieeaeoeaa, /oiau n iaeiaiueoeie cao?aoaie aeiaeoueny aeaeaaiiai
?acoeueoaoa.
Anee aiai?eoue i eiiioieeaoeee a oi?aaeai/aneeo nenoaiao, oi ioaeii
eiaoue a aeaeo aa o/anoieeia – ethaeae, e, n o/aoii /aeiaa/aneiai
oaeoi?a, eiiioieeaoeeth iaiaoiaeeii ?anniao?eaaoue iniaui ia?acii, oae
eae ai anao aniaeoao aeayoaeueiinoe, aaea cao?aaeaaaony /aeiaa/aneee
oaeoi?, ia/eiay n iaeia ia ?aaioo e caeai/eaay ooiaeii ia iaineth,
iio?aaiinoue a yooaeoeaiie eiiioieeaoeee yaeyaony ?aoathuae.
Aiai?y i eiiioieeaoeee, iaeuecy ia cao?iiooue i?iaeaio iioeaaoeee eae
?oeiaiaeeoaey, oae e iiae/eiaiiuo. ?oeiaiaeeoaeue caeioa?aniaai a
aunieie iioeaaoeee naieo nio?oaeieeia, ii ia a iaiueoae noaiaie iauaeoii
nianoaaiiuo caaio aeieaeai yaeyoueny ii nai. *ai auoa
caeioa?aniaaiiinoue ?aaioieea, oai eo/oa ea/anoai aai ?aaiou.
Auaeaeytho neaaeothuea i?eioeeiu iioeaaoeee:
-o/anoey;
– eiiioieeaoeee;
– i?eciaiey;
– aeaeaae?iaaiey;
– acaeiiinoe;
– aa?oeeaeueiie iaa?ocee.
A eiia/iii eoiaa aeayoaeueiinoue ?oeiaiaeeoaey /a?ac aaeioiiaaiea,
iiiu?aiea canoaaeyao iiae/eiaiiuo auiieiyoue iaiaoiaeeioth ?aaioo.
Iaeiie ec aaaeiaeoeo oi?aaeai/aneeo caaea/, a oaeaea aaaeiui yoaiii
oi?aaeai/aneiai i?ioeanna yaeyaony eiio?ieue. Eiio?ieue – yoi
aeayoaeueiinoue ?oeiaiaeeoaey ii eciaiaieth, ?aaoee?iaaieth e ioeaiea
iieo/aiiuo ?acoeueoaoia.
A.Eoioe e I Aeiiiae ii?aaeaeytho eiio?ieue eae n?aaiaiea iieo/aiiuo
?acoeueoaoia n ii?iaoeaaie
Nouanoaotho neaaeothuea o?aaiaaiey e eiio?ieth:
– iinoiyiiinoue;
– iia?aoeaiinoue;
– iauaeoeaiinoue;
– ioe?uoinoue;
– yeiiiie/iinoue.
Aaaeiui niiniaii eiio?iey yaeyaony aanaaea ?oeiaiaeeoaey n
iiae/eiaiiuie. Eaaeaeue nio?oaeiee aeaeaao onoaiiaeoue eiioaeo n
ia/aeueieeii. Iaee/ea eiio?iey iiae/a?eeaaao i/aaeaeioth cia/eiinoue
eiio?iee?oaiie aeayoaeueiinoe.
Eiio?ieue oanii naycai n ae?oaeie yoaiaie oi?aaeai/aneiai i?ioeanna e
naieie ?acoeueoaoaie niiniaai iiaoaeaeaoue ?oeiaiaeeoaey aiineoue a iaai
iaiaoiaeeiua ei??aeoeau.
I?e yoii eiio?ieue iaania/eaaao ooieoeeiie?iaaiea a i?aaiecaoeee
aania?aaieiie ia?aoiie nayce ( iaoiae aeaeaae?iaaiey iieiiii/ee) –
iaeiiai ec aaaeiaeoeo oneiaee yooaeoeaiiai ?oeiaiaenoaa.
?oeiaiaeeoaeue, ia oiathuee e ia aeaeathuee iieueciaaoueny iaoiaeii
aeaeaae?iaaiey ia iiaeao auoue yooaeoeaiui. Iiea ii ia iao/eony aeaeaoue
?aaioo ?oeaie ae?oaeo, iaae iei iinoiyiii aoaeao aenaoue oa?ica ?acaaea
?aaiou.
I?eiaiaiea aeaeaae?iaaiey iieiiii/ee o?aaoao io ?oeiaiaeeoaey
ii?aaeaeaiiie aioiaiinoe:
– ia?aaeaaaoue i?aai i?eiyoey ?aoaiey ae?oaei;
– o/eouaaoue iiaiea ae?oaeo;
– ie?eoueny n ioeaeaie ae?oaeo;
– aeiaa?youe iiae/eiaiiui;
– iaeoe e eniieueciaaoue n?aaenoaa eiio?iey ca aeaenoaeyie
iiae/eiaiiuo.
Aeaeaae?iaaiea ( a i?aaeaeao eiio?iey) yoi ia niinia oeoe io
ioaaonoaaiiinoe, yoi oi?ia ?acaeaeaiey oi?aaeai/aneiai o?oaea,
iicaieythuay iiauneoue aai yooaeoeaiinoue. Aeaeaae?iaaiea iaeaa/aao
?aaioo ?oeiaiaeeoaey, ii ia nieiaao n iaai iaycaiiinoe i?eieiaoue
ieii/aoaeueiia ?aoaiea, oie iaycaiiinoe, eioi?ay e aeaeaao aai
?oeiaiaeeoaeai.
A caeeth/aiea iiaeii ioiaoeoue, /oi iaeiei ec aaaeiuo eino?oiaioia a
?oeao ?oeiaiaeeoaey yaeyaony eioi?iaoeey, iaoiaeyuayny a aai
?anii?yaeaiee. Eniieuecoy, ia?aaeaaay eioi?iaoeeth e iieo/ay aa,
?oeiaiaeeoaeue i?aaiecoao, ?oeiaiaeeo e iioeae?oao ii/eiaiiuo. Iiiaia
caaeneo io aai niiniaiinoe ia?aaeaaaoue eioi?iaoeeth iaeaieaa
yooaeoeaiui niiniaii.
Ec auoaeceiaeaiiiai iiaeii naeaeaoue auaiae, /oi oi?aaeai/aneia
?oeiaiaenoai e eeaea?noai anoue neiaeiua e iiiaia?aiiua yaeaiey,
ninoiyuea ec ?acee/iuo yeaiaioia. Iniiaiuie eo ninoaaeythueie yaeythony
i?e?iaea, eiiioieeaoeee, i?aaiecaoeey aeayoaeueiinoe, io eioi?uo a
aieueoie noaiaie caaeneo yooaeoeaiay ?aaioa i?aaiecaoeee.
*oiau aeinoaoi/ii oi/ii ioeaieaaoue neooaoeeth, ?oeiaiaeeoaeue aeieaeai
oi?ioi i?aaenoaaeyoue niiniaiinoe iiae/eiaiiuo e naie nianoaaiiua
caaea/e, iieiiii/ey e ea/anoai eioi?iaoeee.
Aeaaiie caaea/ae ?oeiaiaeeoaey ethaiai o?iaiy yaeyaony aeinoeaeaiea
oeaeae i?aaiecaoeee iooai oiiiaeaiey naieo eioaeeaeooaeueiuo e
oece/aneeo nee ia eieeaeoeaiua oneeey aai iiae/eiaiiuo.
?oeiaiaeeoaeue, aeaeathuee iieo/aoue ana, /oi iiaeii io iiae/eiaiiuo,
eae iiaeii aieaa yooaeoeaii ?aaioaoue, aeieaeai oiaei iieueciaaoueny e
aeaaeaoue eeaea?noaii a caaeneiinoe io o?aaiaaiee e oeaeae i?aaiecaoeee.
Caeeth/aiea
Ia iniiaaiee auoaeceiaeaiiiai iaoa?eaea iiaeii naeaeaoue neaaeothuea
auaiaeu:
1. Aei ianoiyuaai a?aiaie ia nouanoaoao oieaa?naeueiiai ii?aaeaeaiey
eeaea?noaa, ?acee/iua aaoi?u aeatho eaaeaeue naia ii?aaeaeaiea
eeaea?noaa.
2. N?aaee ?acee/iuo aniaeoia eeaea?noaa auaeaeyaony iieeoe/aneia
eeaea?noai, eae caieiathuaa iniaia iieiaeaiea. Aai aeaaiay iniaaiiinoue
caeeth/aaony a ianooaaiinoe e cia/eiinoe aeey iauanoaa.
3. ?oeiaiaenoai – iniiaiay neea a i?aaiecaoeeyo, eii?aeeie?othuay
aeayoaeueiinoue iiaenenoai e ii?aaeaeythuay eo acaeiinaycue n
ie?oaeathuae n?aaeie. Aai aeaaiay caaea/a ninoieo a aeinoeaeaiee
i?aaiecaoeeae iinoaaeaiiuo ia?aae iae oeaeae.
Eeaea?noai e ?oeiaiaenoai i?enoonoaotho aacaea, aaea anoue aeanoue e
i?aaiecaoeey;
Yooaeoeaiia ?oeiaiaenoai anaaaea aeieaeii niaiauaoueny n eeaea?noaii;
I?e aiaeeca e n?aaiaiee oaiiiaiia eeaea?noaa e ?oeiaiaenoaa oi?ioi
aeaeiu ?acee/ey e iauaa iaaeaeo ieie. Iaeaieaa iieii ?acee/ey iaaeaeo
yoeie iiiyoeyie io?aaeaiu A.Ae.Ia?uaeiui a aai eieaa “Iniiau nioeeaeueii
– ineoieiae/aneeo oai?ee”.
A nayce n iiiaiia?aceai oaiiiaiia eeaea?noaa e ?oeiaiaenoaa eo iaeuecy
aianoeoue a ?aiee eo?niaie ?aaiou. Iiieii i?eaaaeaiiuo a ?aaioa oai?ee,
nouanoaoao iiiaeanoai aniaeoia aeaiiie i?iaeaiu.
A caeeth/aiea iiaeii neacaoue, /oi ethaiio oi?aaeaioeo aeey oniaoiiai
inouanoaeaiey naieo ooieoeee ioaeii oiaoue aanoe ca niaie iiae/eiaiiuo,
i?iyaeyy naay eae eeaea?a a i?aaiecaoeee.
NIENIE ENIIEUeCIAAIIIE EEOA?AOO?U:
1. Aeiiaeaeue AE.. Iieeoe/aneia eeaea?noai. – I., 1992
2. Aaaa? I.. Oa?eciaoe/aneia ainiiaenoai/ Nioeeieiae/aneea
enneaaeiaaiey, 1988, ? 5
3. Aaniei A.?. Iaiaaeaeiaio aeey anao. – I.,1994
4. Aeaeiinii ?., Eano O., ?icaioeaaea Ae. Nenoaiu e ?oeiaiaenoai. – I.,
1971
5.Eieaeae eeaea?a : ineoieiae/aneia iiniaea aeey iieeoeeia. – I., 1994
6. E?e/aaneee ?.E. Anee au – ?oeiaiaeeoaeue. – I., 1993
7. Eoioe A., I Aeiiiae N.. Oi?aaeaiea : nenoaiiue e neooaoeeiiiue
aiaeec oi?aaeai/aneeo ooieoeee. O.2. – I., 1982
8. Eiooii A., ?ioc Y. I?aaiecaoeey e oi?aaeaiea a ainoaea?noaaiiuo
o/?aaeaeaieyo. – I., 1993
9. Iaa?eia A.A. Oai?ey i?aaiecaoeee, Aieaia?aae, 1998
10. Ia?uaei A.Ae. Iniiau nioeeaeueii – ineoieiae/aneeo oai?ee. – I, 1971
11. Iieeoieiaey. Yioeeeeiiaaee/aneee neiaa?ue. – I., 1994
12. Oa?iaii I.A. Ninoaaiua /anoe eeaea?noaa. – I., 1992
13. Oooeeia O.A. E iiaiio ecia?aieth iieeoe/aneiai eeaea?noaa. –
Eaioaa?, 1994
Iieeoieiaey. Yioeeeeiiaaee/aneee neiaa?ue. – I., 1994
I.Aaaa?. Oa?eciaoe/aneia ainiiaenoai/Nioeeieiae/aneea enneaaeiaaiey,
1988, ? 5
AE.Aeiiaeaeue. Iieeoe/aneia eeaea?noai. – I., 1992
Eieaeae eeaea?a : ineoieiae/aneia iiniaea aeey iieeoeeia. – I., 1994
Oa?iaii I.A. Ninoaaiua /anoe eeaea?noaa. – I., 1992
Aaniei A.?. Iaiaaeaeiaio aeey anao. – I., 1994
E?e/aaneee ?.E. Anee au – ?oeiaiaeeoaeue. – I., 1993
Ia?uaei A.Ae. Iniiau nioeeaeueii – ineoieiae/aneeo oai?ee. – I., 1971
Oooeeia O.A. E iiaiio ecia?aieth oaiiiaia iieeoe/aneiai eeaea?noaa. –
Eaioaa? 1994, ? 6
AE.Aeiiaeaeue. Iieeoe/aneia eeaea?noai.- I., 1992
Eieaeae eeaea?a: ineoieiae/aneia iiniaea aeey iieeoeeia. – I.,1994
Ia?uaei A.Ae. Iniiau nioeeaeueii ineoieiae/aneeo oai?ee. – I., 1971
Eiooii A.,?ioc Y. I?aaiecaoeey e oi?aaeaiea a ainoaea?noaaiiuo
o/?aaeaeaieyo. – I., 1993
Aeaeiinii ?.,Eano O., ?icaioeaaea Ae. Nenoaiu e ?oeiaiaenoai. – I.,
1971
Eoioe A., I Aeiiiae N., Oi?aaeaiea: nenoaiiue e neooaoeeiiiue aiaeec
oi?aaeai/aneeo ooieoeee. O.2. – I.,1982
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