?aoa?ao ii eo?no
“Ineoieiae/aneay iiiiuue
i?e ineoe/aneeo ?anno?ienoaao”
“IEI a ineoioa?aiee”
*anoue 1.
Iauee iaci? ineoe/aneeo ?anno?ienoa
Oecio?aiey
Iaieaeaeueii-aeai?anneaiue ineoic
Yieeainey
Ineoiiaoey
Iaa?icu
*anoue 2.
Ineoioa?aiey i?e iaa?icao e ae?oaeo iia?aie/iuo ninoiyieyo
Ineoioa?aiey i?e ineoicao
Ineoioa?aiey i?e aeeiaieecia
Ineoioa?aiey eaea?noaaiiie caaeneiinoe
*anoue 3.
IEI a ineoioa?aiee
I?eia?: ?aaioa n oiaeyie a IEI
Nienie eniieueciaaiiie eeoa?aoo?u
*anoue 1.
Iauee iaci? ineoe/aneeo ?anno?ienoa
Ineoe/aneea aieacie iaoneiaeaiu iaoieiaeae aieiaiiai iicaa e
i?iyaeythony a aeaea ?anno?ienoa ineoe/aneie aeayoaeueiinoe. E
ineoe/aneei aieaciyi ioiinyo eae a?oaua ?anno?ienoaa io?aaeaiey
?aaeueiiai ie?a n ia?ooaieyie iiaaaeaiey (ineoicu), oae e aieaa eaaeea
eciaiaiey ineoe/aneie aeayoaeueiinoe (iaa?icu, ineoiiaoee, iaeioi?ua
aeaeu aooaeoeaiie iaoieiaee).
I?e/eiu aicieeiiaaiey ineoe/aneeo caaieaaaiee auaatho aioo?aiia
iaoneiaeaiiua (yiaeiaaiiua) e aiaoia iaoneiaeaiiua (yeciaaiiua).
Yiaeiaaiiua ii?aaeaeythony a iniiaiii eiinoeoooeeiiaeueii-aaiaoe/aneeie
oaeoi?aie. E yoie a?oiia ioiinyo oecio?aieth e
iaieaeaeueii-aeai?anneaiue ineoic (IAeI). Yeciaaiiua caaieaaaiey
iaoneiaeaiu aeeyieai aiaoiae n?aaeu. E iei ioiinyony i?aaie/aneea
ii?aaeaiey aieiaiiai iicaa ?aciiai i?ienoiaeaeaiey (iai?eia?,
aeeiaieueiua ineoicu, eioaeoeeiiiua ineoicu, neoeeeoe/aneea ineoicu,
o?aaiaoe/aneay yieeainey e o.ae.) .
Oecio?aiey
Yoi ineoe/aneia caaieaaaiea, eioi?ia i?ioaeaao n auno?i eee iaaeeaiii
?acaeaathueieny eciaiaieyie ee/iinoe iniaiai oeia (nieaeaiea
yia?aaoe/aneiai iioaioeeaea, i?ia?anne?othuay eio?iaa?oe?iaaiiinoue,
yiioeeiiaeueiia ineoaeaiea, eneaaeaiea ineoe/aneeo i?ioeannia). *anoi
i?ia?anne?iaaiea aieacie i?eaiaeeo e ?ac?uao i?aaeieo nioeeaeueiuo
naycae, nieaeaieth ineoe/aneie aeoeaiinoe, cia/eoaeueiie aeacaaeaioaoeee
aieueiuo a iauanoaa.
Nouanoaoao iiiai oi?i oecio?aiee, iai?eia?, oecio?aiey n iaayc/eainoyie,
n anoaii-eiioiiae?e/aneeie i?iyaeaieyie (ineoe/aneay neaainoue n
aieaciaiiie oeenaoeeae ia ninoiyiee caei?iauey), ia?aiieyeueiay
oecio?aiey (noieeee nenoaiaoece?iaaiiue a?aae i?aneaaeiaaiey, ?aaiinoe,
ecia?aoaoaeuenoaa e o.ae.), aaeethoeeiaoi?ii-ia?aiieaeiay, i?inoay,
aaaao?aie/aneay, eaoaoiie/aneay. I?e oecio?aiee au?aaeaii ia?ooaiea
aini?eyoey, iuoeaiey, yiioeeiiaeueii-aieaaie noa?u.
O aieueiuo oecio?aieae ioia/aaony nieaeaiea, i?eooieaiea
yiioeeiiaeueiinoe, ninoiyiea aiaoee (aac?acee/ea ei anai yaeaieyi
aeecie). Aieueiie noaiiaeony aac?acee/iui e /eaiai naiuee, oa?yao
eioa?an e ie?oaeathuaio, oo?a/eaaao aeeooa?aioee?iaaiiinoue
yiioeeiiaeueiuo ?aaeoeee, o iaai iiyaeyaony iaaaeaeaaoiinoue a
ia?aaeeaaieyo. Eiaao ianoi ia?ooaiea aieaauo i?ioeannia: nieaeaiea
aieaaiai oneeey io iacia/eoaeueiiai aei ?acei au?aaeaiiiai, aieaciaiiiai
aacaieey.
?anno?ienoaa iuoeaiey i?e oecio?aiee oa?aeoa?iu eneaaeaieai i?ioeanna
iaiauaiey, eiaaea o aieueiuo aicieeaao iiiaeanoai neo/aeiuo,
iaiai?aaeaiiuo annioeeaoeee, io?aaeathueo /?acau/aeii iauea nayce. I?e
i?iaaaeaiee iiiaeo iaoiaeee o aieueiuo ioia/athony ?aciia?noai,
nineaeuecuaaiea, iaiineaaeiaaoaeueiinoue e ae?. Iniiaiia aieiaiea
ineoieia aeieaeai oaeaeyoue enneaaeiaaieth iuoeaiey.
Iaieaeaeueii-aeai?anneaiue ineoic
Iaieaeaeueii-aeai?anneaiue ineoic – yoi caaieaaaiea, i?ioaeathuaa a
oi?ia aeai?anneaiuo e iaieaeaeueiuo oac, ?acaeaeaiiuo eioa?ienneyie, oi
anoue ninoiyieyie n iieiui en/aciiaaieai ineoe/aneeo ?anno?ienoa.
Caaieaaaiea ia i?eaiaeeo e eciaiaieyi ee/iinoe e aeaoaeoai a
eioaeeaeooaeueiie e yiioeeiiaeueii-aieaaie noa?a, ianiio?y ia
iiiaie?aoiua ?aoeeaeeau.
O iiae?inoeia cia/eoaeueii /aua eeanne/aneeo aa?eaioia iaaethaeathony
aeai?annee a oi?ia ineoiiaoe/aneeo yeaeaaeaioia n anioeeaeueiui
iiaaaeaieai. A iiaeiaiuo neo/ayo ineoieiae/aneia enneaaeiaaiea iiaeao
ieacaoueny aaeeinoaaiiui iaoiaeii, auyaeythuei aeai?anneth.
Caaieaaaiea i?ioaeaao a oi?ia ioaeaeueii aicieeathueo eee naeaiaiiuo oac
– iaieaeaeueiie e aeai?anneaiie. I?iaeieaeeoaeueiinoue ioaeaeueiuo oac
eieaaeaony io ianeieueeeo aeiae e iaaeaeue aei ianeieueeeo eao.
Aeai?anneaiay oaca oa?aeoa?ecoaony iiaeaaeaiiui iano?iaieai,
caoi?iiaeaiiinoueth iuneeoaeueiuo i?ioeannia, ineoiiioi?iui e ?a/aaui
oi?iiaeaieai. Aeey iaieaeaeueiie oacu oa?aeoa?iu: iiauoaiiia iano?iaiea,
onei?aiiia i?ioaeaiea iuneeoaeueiuo i?ioeannia, ineoiiioi?iia e ?a/aaia
aicaoaeaeaiea.
Yieeainey
Yieeainey – yoi iau/ii o?iie/anee i?ioaeathuaa caaieaaaiea,
oa?aeoa?ecothuaany iaee/eai ia?ieneciaeueiuo ?anno?ienoa, yieciaee/anee
aicieeathueo ?anno?ienoa a niciaiee, iano?iaiee. Caaieaaaiea a
aieueoeinoaa neo/aaa i?eaiaeeo e iinoaiaiiiio eciaiaieth ee/iinoe e
naiaia?aciiio nieaeaieth eioaeeaeoa. Ia ioaeaeaiiuo yoaiao aieacie iiaoo
aicieeaoue ino?ua e caoyaeiua ineoicu.
Iaeei ec oa?aeoa?iuo i?eciaeia yieeainee – e?aoeia?aiaiiue noaei?iaeiue
i?eiaaeie. Iau/ii i?eiaaeie ia/eiaaony aiacaiii. Eiiaaea ca 1-2 aeiy aei
i?eiaaeea iiyaeythony i?aaeaanoieee: ieioia naii/oanoaea,
?acae?aaeeoaeueiinoue, aieiaiay aieue e o.ae.
Eciaiaiey ee/iinoe ii yieeaioe/aneiio oeio – yoi ooaiiiaeaeaeiinoue,
caiaaeeaiiinoue anao ineoe/aneeo i?ioeannia, neeiiiinoue e cano?aaaieth
ia aeaoaeyo, ianoiyoaeueiinoue iuoeaiey, iaaiciiaeiinoue ioee/eoue
aeaaiia io aoi?inoaiaiiiai, aeenoi?ee (i?enooiu ?anno?ienoa iano?iaiey,
/aua neeiiiinoue e ceiaii-oineeeaiio).
?acoeueoaoaie aieacie yaeythony o?oaeiinoe n eniieueciaaieai iiaiai
iiuoa, neaainoue eiiaeiaoi?iuo niiniaiinoae, oooaeoaiea aini?iecaaaeaiey
i?ioeiai iiuoa. Aieueiua aeieai iiiiyo iaeaeo, inoyo ca iaa. Ioia/aaony
iiae/a?eiooue aei ea?eeaoo?iinoe iaaeaioeci a ioiioaiee iaeaaeaeu,
ii?yaeea a aeiia e o.i. Nouanoaaiiie /a?oie yieeaioeeia yaeyaony
eioaioeeeci, au?aaeathueeny a iac?aeinoe noaeaeaiee, naienoaaiiay
iaeioi?ui aieueiui iaaaeaeaaoiay ?aeeaeiciinoue. *anoi ano?a/aaony
oo?e?iaaiiay aei neauaainoe, aei iiaeiaino?anoey ethaaciinoue; ni/aoaiea
iiauoaiiie /oanoaeoaeueiinoe, ?aieiinoe n a?ooaeueiinoueth,
ceiaiinoueth. Eeoei yoeo aieueiuo iaeiiiaeaeaeii, iaeiau?aceoaeueii,
ieie/aneea ?aaeoeee aaaeiu, aieueiua neoiu e naea?aeaiiu a aeanoao.
Ineoiiaoey
Anee aeoeaiooaoeey oa?aeoa?a yaeyaony e?aeiei aa?eaioii ii?iu, oi
ineoiiaoey – yoi iaoieiaey oa?aeoa?a. I.A. Aaiiooeei ienae, /oi
“ineoiiaoee – yoi aiiiaeee oa?aeoa?a, eioi?ua ii?aaeaeytho aanue
ineoe/aneee iaeee eiaeeaeaeooia, iaeeaaeuaay ia aanue aai aeooaaiue
neeaae naie aeanoiue ioia/aoie, a oa/aiea aeecie ia iiaeaa?aathony
neieueei-ieaoaeue ?aceei eciaiaieyi e iaoatho i?eniiniaeoueny e
ie?oaeathuae n?aaea”.
Iaoieiaey oa?aeoa?a (ineoiiaoey) anaaaea oa?aeoa?ecoaony o?aiy
i?eciaeaie: oioaeueiinoueth, noaaeeueiinoueth e aeacaaeaioaoeeae.
Ionoonoaea oioy au iaeiiai e?eoa?ey eneeth/aao ineoiiaoeth.
Nouanoaoao ianeieueei eeanneoeeaoeee ineoiiaoee ii ?acee/iui i?eciaeai.
Ineoiiaoee iiaeii eeanneoeoee?iaaoue ii noaiaie oyaeanoe: oyaeaeay,
au?aaeaiiay, oia?aiiay.
Iaa?icu
Iaa?icu oa?aeoa?ecothony ia oieueei iaeie eioaineaiinoueth, ii e iaeie
i?iaeieaeeoaeueiinoueth. Iie iiaeoiaeyo iiae ii?aaeaeaiea “iia?aie/iua
ninoiyiey, /oi aeeth/aao aeiiicieiae/aneea iaa?ioe/aneea ?anno?ienoaa,
eeeie/anee ioi?ieaoeany iaa?iciiiaeiaiua ?aaeoeee e ninoiyiey,
ineoiiaoee, iaa?iciiiaeiaiua e ineoiiaoiiiaeiaiua ia?ooaiey i?e
niiaoe/aneeo caaieaaaieyo e ae?oaea, i?ioaeathuea ia iaa?ioe/aneii
o?iaia.
A ioee/ea io ineoiiaoee, i?e iaa?icao no?aaeaao eeoue /anoue ee/iinoe,
nio?aiyaony e?eoe/aneia ioiioaiea e aieacie aeeyieyi. A ianoiyuaa a?aiy
a iiiyoea “iaa?ic” aeeaaeuaaaony ?aciia niaea?aeaiea. ?acee/athony e
i?aaenoaaeaiey i i?e/eiao aicieeiiaaiey iaa?icia.
Iaeioi?ua enneaaeiaaoaee n/eoatho, /oi iaa?ioe/aneea oaiiiaiu aucaaiu
ii?aaeaeaiiuie iaoieiae/aneeie iaoaieciaie /enoi aeieiae/aneie i?e?iaeu.
N oi/ee c?aiey aeoaaei?enoia, ?aaeueii nouanoaotho eeoue ioaeaeueiua
iaa?ioe/aneea neiioiiu eae ?acoeueoao iai?aaeeueiiai iao/aiey.
Yecenoaioeeaeenou aiiaua ia n/eoatho iaa?icu aieaciueth, i?eaa?aeaioeu
aoiaienoe/aneee ineoieiaee aiai?yo, /oi iaa?ic – yoi iaoaeiaeaoai?aiiay
iio?aaiinoue a naiiaeooaeecaoeee, i?aaenoaaeoaee oa/aiey
“aioeineoeao?ey” ooaa?aeaeatho, /oi iaa?icu – “ii?iaeueiia iiaaaeaiea a
iaii?iaeueiii iauanoaa”. Iiyoiio nouanoaoao iiiaeanoai eeanneoeeaoeee
iaa?icia ii ?aciui i?eciaeai.
Iaa?ic – yoi “ineoiaaiiia (eae i?aaeei, eiioeeeoiaaiiia)
ia?aii-ineoe/aneia ?anno?ienoai, eioi?ia aicieeaao a ?acoeueoaoa
ia?ooaiey iniai cia/eiuo aeeciaiiuo ioiioaiee /aeiaaea e i?iyaeyaony a
niaoeeoe/aneeo eeeie/aneeo oaiiiaiao i?e ionoonoaee ineoiiaoieiae/aneeo
yaeaiee”. A ianoiyuaa a?aiy aieueoeinoai ioa/anoaaiiuo aaoi?ia
auaeaeytho o?e eeanne/aneea oi?iu iaa?icia: iaa?anoaieth, enoa?eth e
iaa?ic iaayc/eauo ninoiyiee.
Iaa?anoaiey. A. Eaiieinee aiai?eo, /oi i?e iaa?anoaiee iiyaeaoayny
neaainoue iineo oa?aeoa? iinoiyiiiai /oanoaa onoaeinoe. Aieueiie
/oanoaoao naay eae iinea oyaeaeie oece/aneie ?aaiou eee iinea oyaeaeiai
caaieaaaiey, aeaeoaony ia iuoa/iua aiee, iniaaiii a iiynie/iie iaeanoe
(iiauoaiiia iai?yaeaiea yoeo iuooe), ia na?aeoeaaeaiey, aiee a aeeaioa,
?anno?ienoaa iieiaie noa?u (i?aaeaeaa?aiaiiay yyeoeyoeey, eiiioaioeey o
ioae/ei, aii?aaciey o aeaiuei).
Aieiaiua aiee i?iyaeythony a aeaea naeeiathuaai ia?o/a (iaa?anoaie/aneee
oeai), iuouaaony /oanoai aeaaeaiey aioo?e aieiau, noiao? a aieiaa.
Ioia/athony o?oaeiinoe eiioeaio?aoeee aieiaiey e caiiieiaiey – yoe
ia?ooaiey yaeythony i?iyaeaieai ineoe/aneie onoaeinoe. N oo?a oa?aeoa?ii
/oanoai onoaeinoe, e aa/a?o – iaeeaeaiea. Aieueiua ieioi canuiatho,
aeaeyo eioia?iua, iiaa?oiinoiua niu. Eniuouaatho ?acae?aaeeoaeueiinoue,
ceiao, /oanoai en/a?iaiiinoe, “aoeeaie/aneea” ecaa?aeaiey aiaaa.
Iaa?anoaieae /aua no?aaeatho ?oeiaiaeyuea ?aaioieee. Iie ia iiaoo
ni?aaeyoueny ni naieie iaycaiiinoyie, iaoiaeyony a iinoiyiiii
iai?yaeaiee, aniueue/eau, aeatho i?ioeai?a/eaua oeacaiey. Eo
?acae?aaeaao ana e any. Aeey iaa?anoaiee oa?aeoa?iu niaoea e neoea.
Aieueiie oi/ao “ieacaoueny a ae?oaii ie?a”, inoaaeoue a i?ioeii
aeaenoaeoaeueiinoue, aaaeaoue io iaa eee ?ac?ooeoue. Iaa?anoaiee ai?aony
n aeooaeueiui a?aiaiai, n aeooaeueiie neooaoeeae.
Enoa?ey. Enoa?eth iacuaatho “aaeeeie neioeyioeie”, oae eae i?e enoa?ee
i?iyaeythony neiioiiu, oa?aeoa?iua aeey ?aciuo caaieaaaiee: aieiaiay
aieue neeueiaa, /ai i?e iiooieyo iicaa, na?aeoeaaeaiey, yiioeeiiaeueiay
aicaoaeeiinoue, oa?aeoa?iua aeey na?aea/iie iaaeinoaoi/iinoe, i?eiaaeee
(enoa?e/aneay aeoaa), iaiiieiathuea yieeaineth.
A iniiaa caaieaaaiey eaaeao oaeoi?u yiioeeiiaeueiiai oa?aeoa?a
(yiioeeiiaeueiia ninoiyiea iaoeeaioa, aai o?aaiu, eiioeeeou). Oaeoi?u
yiioeeiiaeueiiai oa?aeoa?a, aeaenoaothuea ia oece/aneia naii/oanoaea,
iacuaathony eiiaa?neae. Neiioiiu enoa?ee i?iyaeythony a aeaeaaoaeueiuo,
naini?iuo e ineoe/aneeo ia?ooaieyo:
Iaa?ic iaayc/eauo ninoiyiee. Iniaaiiinoueth iaa?ica iaayc/eauo ninoiyiee
yaeyaony i?eioaeaeaiea. *ai aieueoaa ieacuaaaony nii?ioeaeaiea yoiio
i?eioaeaeaieth, oai neeueiaa i?iyaeythony neiioiiu. Aieaaia oneeea eee
inoaaony aac ioaaoa, eee oneeeaaao neiioiiaoeeo (iai?eia?, aaniieienoai,
cae?ue ee aeaa?e, “cano?aaaao” a aieiaa). O aieueiiai iaaethaeaaony
no?aieaiea e ii?yaeeo. Ia?ooaiea ii?yaeea, ?eooaeia aucuaaao
aaniieienoai, a ?eooae caueuaao io no?aoa, nieaeaao o?aaiao. Ioia/aaony
oaiaeaioeey e auiieiaieth iauanoaaiiuo ii?i – a i?ioeaiii neo/aa
aicieeaao /oanoai aeiu. Aeey nieaeaiey no?aoa aieueiie eniieuecoao
oaeeniaiu, iaae/aneea caeeyoey e o.ae.
I?e iaa?ica iaayc/eauo ninoiyiee ioia/athony iaayc/eaua iunee,
aeaenoaey, no?aoe (oiaee), iai?eia?, eeaono?ioiaey (aiyciue cae?uouo
i?ino?ainoa), aai?aoiaey (no?ao ia?aae ioe?uouie i?ino?ainoaaie),
y?aeoioiaey (no?ao iie?aniaoue a i?enoonoaee iinoi?iiieo), a?aoiioiaey
(iaoeiaiyciue) e o.ae. Aiciiaeai no?ao ia?aae aeieiae/aneie eee
ineoieiae/aneie nia?oueth, ia?aae caa?yciaieai, no?ao ino?uo i?aaeiaoia
e ae?. A aicieeiiaaiee yoeo no?aoia iiaoo auoue ?aciua ineoieiae/aneea
i?aaeiinueee: naenoaeueiay iaoaeiaeaoai?aiiinoue a noi?oaeanoaa, ne?uoay
aa?anneaiinoue, aii?aeueiia iiaaaeaiea.
*anoue 2.
Ineoioa?aiey i?e iaa?icao e ae?oaeo iia?aie/iuo ninoiyieyo
Oe?ieia i?eiaiaiea ineoioa?aiaaoe/aneeo iaoiaeia a ea/aiee iaa?icia
aaeaeaaoii e iauynieii, iioiio /oi a ?acaeoee, eiiiainaoeee e
aeaeiiiainaoeee ii?aaeaeythuay ?ieue i?eiaaeeaaeeo ineoieiae/aneiio
oaeoi?o. Niaea?aeaiea, oeaee e caaea/e ineoioa?aiee i?e iaa?icao
ii?aaeaeythony oie eiioeaioeeae, eioi?ie i?eaea?aeeaaaony ineoioa?aiaao.
?aiaa (a ioa/anoaaiiie ineoioa?aiee) auea iiioey?ia eiioeaioeey,
niaeanii eioi?ie iaa?ic anoue ineoiaaiiia ia?aii-ineoe/aneia
?anno?ienoai, aicieeathuaa a ?acoeueoaoa ia?ooaiey iniaaiii cia/eiuo
aeeciaiiuo ioiioaiee /aeiaaea. Oeaeue ineoioa?aiee – eciaiaiea
ia?ooaiiie nenoaiu ioiioaiee iaoeeaioa, ei??aeoeey iaaaeaeaaoiuo
yiioeeiiaeueiuo ?aaeoeee e oi?i iiaaaeaiey.
A ianoiyuaa a?aiy aeoeaio n eiaeeaeaeoaeueiie ineoioa?aiee iaa?icia
niauaaony ia nenoaio a?oiiiaie ineoioa?aiee, eioi?ay au iicaieeea
yooaeoeaii ainnoaiaaeeaaoue ia?ooaiiua ioiioaiey ee/iinoe e
ia?ano?aeaaoue eo ioo?i aicaeaenoaey ia ana iniiaiua eiiiiiaiou
ioiioaiey. I?e iaa?icao eniieuecoaony oe?ieee niaeo? oi?i a?oiiiaie
ineoioa?aiee: a?oiiiaay aeeneonney, ineoiae?aia, ineoiaeiianoeea,
i?iaeoeaiue ?enoiie, a?o-oa?aiey, aeaeaaoaeueiay oa?aiey e ae?.
Ineoioa?aiey i?iaiaeeony a iaeuo a?oiiao ii 8-12 /aeiaae eee a aieueoeo
(25-30 /aeiaae). *aua anaai a?oiiu i?aaiecothony ii i?eioeeio iauaai
ineoiaaiiiai oaeoi?a a ?acaeoee caaieaaaiey, a ?aaea – ii i?eioeeio
i?eaioaoeee ia neiioii. *anoioa a?oiiiauo caiyoee oiaea ?acee/ia – io 1
?aca a aeaiue aei aaeaiaaeaeueiuo; iioeiaeueiay i?iaeieaeeoaeueiinoue
caiyoee 1 – 1,5 /ana.
N iiiiuueth ?acee/iuo iaoiaeia aeiiioa?aiee (iioeae?iaaiiia aiooaiea,
oaeeei?iiay aeiiioa?aiey, aeiiic-ioaeuo e o.ae.) iiaeii oaeaea
aicaeaenoaiaaoue i?aeoe/anee ia ana neiioiiu i?e iaa?icao.
Oa?aiaaoe/aneee yooaeo io noaaanoeaiuo aicaeaenoaee a aeiiica iiaeao
auoue iieo/ai ia anao 3-o aai noaaeeyo. Aeiiioa?aiey i?e iaa?icao oaeaea
iiaeao i?iaiaeeoueny eae a eiaeeaeaeoaeueiie, oae e a a?oiiiaie oi?iao.
Oaeaea ca?aeiiaiaeiaaei naay eniieueciaaiea aooiaaiiie o?aie?iaee – i?e
iaa?anoaiee, iauaiaa?ioe/aneie neiioiiaoeea, ia?ooaieyo nia, ninoiyieyo
o?aaiae e no?aoa, au?aaeaiiuo oiaeyo e o.ae.
Iiaaaeai/aneea iaoiaeu, aeeth/?iiua a nenoaio ee/iinoii-i?eaioe?iaaiiie
ineoioa?aiee, yaeythony ?acoeueoaoeaiuie i?e ea/aiee
iananneaii-oiae/aneeo ?anno?ienoa. ?aoeeiiaeueiay ineoioa?aiey oe?iei
eniieuecoaony i?e ea/aiee iaa?icia. Yoio iaoiaea aae?anoaony e
eiae/aneiio iuoeaieth iaoeeaioa, a a ea/anoaa ea/aaiuo oaeoi?ia
aunooiatho aaoi?eoao ineoioa?aiaaoa, oaaaeaeaiea, ia?aoaaaeaeaiea,
?acuyniaiea, iaeia?aiea, ioaea/aiea e ae?. Eciaiyaony iaaaeaeaaoiia
ioiioaiea iaoeeaioa e iaa?ico, ?acuyniyaony aai nouiinoue.
E?iia auoaia?a/eneaiiuo, i?e oa?aiee iaa?icia iiaoo eniieueciaaoueny e
ae?oaea iaoiaeu, iai?eia?, a?ooa?aiey. N o/?oii ?iee naiaeiuo eiioeeeoia
a ?acaeoee iaa?icia i?eiaiyaony a eo eiiieaeniii ea/aiee e naiaeiay
ineoioa?aiey a ea/anoaa iaeiie ec niaoeeoe/aneeo oi?i. Iia i?aaenoaaeyao
niaie i?ioeann a?oiiiaiai aicaeaenoaey, iai?aaeaiiiai ia eciaiaiea
iaaeee/iinoiuo ioiioaiee e eiathuaai naiae oeaeueth ono?aiaiea
yiioeeiiaeueiuo ia?ooaiee a naiuea. Oaeaea naiaeiay ineoioa?aiey
i?eia?aoaao aaaeiia cia/aiea i?e ?aaioa n ineoiiaoeyie. A yoii neo/aa
ineoioa?aiey inouanoaeyaony a eiaeeaeaeoaeueiie eee a?oiiiaie oi?ia.
I?e oa?aiee iia?aie/iuo ineoieiae/aneeo ?anno?ienoa aaaeii ni/aoaiea
ineoieiae/aneeo e nioeeaeueiuo aicaeaenoaee. Ia ia?aii yoaia eae?o
niya/aiea eee ono?aiaiea eeeie/aneeo i?iyaeaiee, caoai i?ienoiaeeo
iniciaiea iaoeeaioii ineoinioeeaeueiuo iaoaieciia aieacie e ia?ano?ieea
ia?ooaiiuo ioiioaiee ee/iinoe (iniaaiii a i?ioeanna a?oiiiaie
ineoioa?aiee), iaeiiaoe, i?ienoiaeeo ainnoaiiaeaiea iieiioeaiiiai
nioeeaeueiiai ooieoeeiie?iaaiey i?e aeaaainoaothuae ?iee
nioeeaeueii-iaaeaaiae/aneeo aicaeaenoaee.
Ineoioa?aiey i?e ineoicao
Ineoioa?aiey, iniaaiii a a?oiiiauo oi?iao, i?eiaiyaony i?e ineoe/aneeo
caaieaaaieyo yiaeiaaiiiai oa?aeoa?a. Ia cia/aiea ineoioa?aiee a ea/aiee
ineoicia oeacuaaee iiiaea ioa/anoaaiiua ineoeao?u: Ei?naeia, Eiinoi?oi,
Eaaaiia e ae?. Iaoiaeu e niaea?aeaiea ineoioa?aiee ii?aaeaeythony
naiaia?aceai oac, oi?i e oeiia ea/aiey caaieaaaiey.
Iniiaiuie caaea/aie ineoioa?aiee i?e oecio?aiee yaeythony:
i?aaeioa?auaiea ecieyoeee aieueiuo a iauanoaa; nioeeaeueiay aeoeaaoeey e
niya/aiea ?aaeoeee iaoeeaioia a ioaao ia neooaoeee, naycaiiua n
aieaciueth; oi?ie?iaaiea e?eoe/aneiai ioiioaiey e aieacie e o.ae.
Ai?acaei /aua, /ai eiaeeaeaeoaeueiay aiaeeoe/aneay oa?aiey, i?e ea/aiee
oecio?aiee eniieuecothony a?oiiiaua oi?iu ineoioa?aiee – a?oiiiaie
ineoiaiaeec, ineoiae?aia, iaaee?aeoeaiay, iiaaaeai/aneay,
?aoeeiiaeueii-yiioeeiiaeueiay ineoioa?aiey e ae?. N/eoaaony, /oi
iiaaaeaiea ineoioa?aiaaoa a a?oiiao aieueiuo ineoicaie aeieaeii auoue
aieaa aeoeaiui e aee?aeoeaiui, /ai a a?oiiao aieueiuo iaa?icaie,
ioe?uoui, ii aeieaeai acyoue ia naay aieueooth ioaaonoaaiiinoue ca
niauoey e o.i.
Oaeaea ai iiiaeo neo/ayo oeaeaniia?aciie ieacuaaaony e?aoein?i/iay
ineoioa?aiey, noaayuay ia?aae niaie ?aaeenoe/iua e ne?iiiua oeaee
(iai?eia?, ?acuyniaiea iaoeeaioo i?e/ei e iaoaieciia oooaeoaiey aai
ninoiyiey, ieacaiea iiiiue a i?eia?aoaiee iiaiai iiuoa, eioi?ue iicaieeo
aio ni?aaeyoueny n o?oaeiie neooaoeeae a aoaeouai e o.ae.).
I?aaenoaaeyao eioa?an iiuo ea/aiey aieueiuo o?iie/aneeie ineoicaie
iaoiaeii a?oiiiaie ineoioa?aiee aia noai noaoeeiia?a, iai?eia?, a ia?ea.
Iaoeeaioia i?e yoii i?inyo aanoe naay oaeei ia?acii, /oiau eo iiaaaeaiea
ia aeaaaei ie?oaeathuei aeaeaoue a ieo ineoeao?e/aneeo iaoeeaioia. E
iiaeiaiay oi?ia a?oiiiaie ineoioa?aiee aanueia yooaeoeaia, iioiio /oi
caaeaenoaoao aeiiieieoaeueiua aiciiaeiinoe eciaiaiey naiaai iiaaaeaiey o
iaoeeaioia.
I?eiaiaiea eiaeeaeaeoaeueiie e a?oiiiaie ineoioa?aiee i?e yiaeiaaiiuo
aeai?anneyo aea?o i?ioeai?a/eaua ?acoeueoaou. Ineoeao?u
ineoiaeeiaie/aneie, yecenoaioeeaeueiie e ae?oaeo i?eaioaoeee n/eoatho a?
iaiaoiaeeiie.
Ineoioa?aiey i?e aeeiaieecia
Aeeiaieeci – o?iie/aneay aieaciue, ?acaeaathuayny aneaaenoaea
aeeeoaeueiiai ceioiio?aaeaiey nie?oiuie iaieoeaie n iaoieiae/aneei
aea/aieai e iei, iaoneiaeaiiui ineoe/aneie e oece/aneie caaeneiinoueth.
I?e yoii iiaoo iaaethaeaoueny iaoeie/iua ea?oeiu iiueyiaiey
(aeenoi?e/aneia, aeai?anneaiia, niiiieaioiia e enoa?e/aneia
iiueyiaiey).
Noaaeee aeeiaieecia:
1. Noaaeey ineoe/aneie caaeneiinoe. Oa?aeoa?iu iaoieiae/aneia aea/aiea e
aeeiaieth. Ineoe/aneay caaeneiinoue auieaee aeaeathony aeaaiui eioa?anii
a aeecie. Iiauoaiea oiea?aioiinoe e aeeiaieth e a nayce n yoei oo?aoa
eiee/anoaaiiiai e neooaoeeiiiiai eiio?iey. En/aciiaaiea ?aioiiai
?aoeaena. Aeaeaoou.
2. Noaaeey oece/aneie caaeneiinoe. ?aaoey?iia iinooieaiea aeeiaiey
neoaeeo iaiaoiaeeiui aeey ii?iaeueiiai ooieoeeiie?iaaiey i?aaiecia.
Aeeiaieue aeaeaaony ianouiie iio?aaiinoueth, aicieeaao aanoeiaioiue
neiae?ii.
3. Noaaeey aeeiaieueiie aeaa?aaeaoeee.
Ineoioa?aiey a ianoiyuaa a?aiy n/eoaaony iniiaiui iaoiaeii ea/aiey
aieueiuo aeeiaieueiie caaeneiinoueth. Iai?eia?, iiioey?iui yaeyaony
iaoiae eieeaeoeaiie yiioeeiiaeueii-no?anniaie aeiiioa?aiee ?iaeiiaa.
Aeiiioe/aneiio aicaeaenoaeth caeanue i?aaeoanoaotho ineoioa?aiaaoe/aneea
aanaaeu, ea/aaiia aeeyiea eioi?uo cae?aieyaony a oaeeei?iiuo naainao
aeiiica (1-1,5 /ana). A ninoiyiee aeiiica au?aaaouaaaony
oneiaii-?aoeaeoi?iay oioiioii-?aioiay ?aaeoeey ia aeon e caiao aeeiaiey.
A iniiaa iiiaeo iaoiaeee eaaeeo au?aaioea aaa?nee e caiaoo, aeono e
aeaeo aeeiaiey. Nouanoaotho iaoiaeu oeia aa?aaeueiie aaa?neaiie oa?aiee,
eioi?ay caeeth/aaony a oii, /oi aiia?aaeaaiia iio?aaeaiea aeeiaiey n
iiiiuueth neiaaniiai aiooaiey nii?iaiaeaeaaony ?aioiie ?aaeoeeae. Yoio
aea i?eioeei oaeaea i?eiaiyaony e i?e ea/aiee caaeneiinoe io ieeioeia.
Aei ianoiyuaai a?aiaie i?iaeieaeathony iiiuoee eniieueciaaiey a oa?aiee
aeeiaieueiie caaeneiinoe aooiaaiiie o?aie?iaee. Oeaeueth a? yaeyaony
ii?iaeecaoeey aaaaoaoeaiuo ia?ooaiee e niyoea yiioeeiiaeueiiai
iai?yaeaiey. Aiciiaeii oaeaea e cae?aieaiea iin?aaenoaii ia? aaa?neaiie
?aaeoeeae. AO – yoi aaaeiue eiiiiiaio oa?aiee aeeiaieueiie caaeneiinoe,
?aaioathuee eae aeoeaiue iaoiae naii?aaoeyoeee, naiiei??aeoeee e
naiiainieoaiey.
Aeey ono?aiaiey /oanoaa no?aoa, iai?yae?iiinoe e iaoaa?aiiinoe a naaa,
eioi?ua iau/ii eniuouaatho ethaee, no?aaeathuea aeeiaieeciii, a
ninoiyiee aanoeiaioeee, eniieuecothony iaoiaeu iiaaaeai/aneie oa?aiee,
oaeea eae nenoaiaoe/aneay aeanaineaeeecaoeey, o?aie?iaea naiieiio?iey e
ae?. A iineaaeiea aiaeu a ineoioa?aiee aeeiaieueiie caaeneiinoe
eniieuecothony oaeaea oaoieee IEI (iae?ieeiaaenoe/aneiai
i?ia?aiie?iaaiey).
Aieueoay /anoue iaoiaeia ineoioa?aiee no?aaeathueo aeeiaieueiie
caaeneiinoueth (aeiiioa?aiey, AO e ae?.) i?eiaiyaony a a?oiiiaie oi?ia,
/oi niinianoaoao iiauoaieth yooaeoeaiinoe ea/aaiiai aicaeaenoaey.
Iniiaiay oaiaeaioeey ?acaeoey ineoioa?aiee aeeiaieueiie caaeneiinoe – io
noaaanoeaiuo aicaeaenoaee, aaa?neaiie oa?aiee e ?acuyniythuae a?oiiiaie
oa?aiee e aeoaieiio aiaeeco ee/iinoe iaoeeaioa e aai nenoaiu oeaiiinoae,
e iiauoaieth nioeeaeueii-ineoieiae/aneie aaeaioaoeee e a ?acoeueoaoa
yoiai – e ioeaco io oiio?aaeaiey aeeiaiey.
O/eouaay ?ieue ineoinioeeaeueiuo oaeoi?ia, aaaeiaeoaa ianoi a
eiiieaeniii ea/aiee neaaeoao ioaanoe a?oiiiaie ineoioa?aiee. Iniiaiuie
iauaeoaie aicaeaenoaey a?oiiiaie ineoioa?aiee i?e aeeiaieueiie
caaeneiinoe yaeythony: iaaeaeaiea i?eciaoue naay aieueiui,
iae?eoe/iinoue, iaaiciiaeiinoue i?aaeeueii ioeaieoue aeeyiea iueyinoaa
ia ee/ioth e naiaeioth aeeciue, ianiiniaiinoue naiinoiyoaeueii
au?aaioaoue i?aaeeueiue iooue o?acaaiie/aneie aeecie, iaaaeaeaaoiia
i?aaenoaaeaiea i naaa e ae?. Ai iiiaeo enneaaeiaaieyo iiae/??eeaaaony,
/oi a?oiiiaay ineoioa?aiey i?e aeeiaieueiie caaeneiinoe aeeth/aaony a
aieaa oe?ieoth i?ia?aiio ea/aaii-ainnoaiiaeoaeueiuo aicaeaenoaee.
Caaea/aie ia?aiai yoaia yaeythony eciaiaiea ioiioaiey e aieacie,
ianiiniaiinoe i?eciaoue naay aieueiui; caaea/aie aoi?iai ieaia –
ei??aeoeey eio?aineoe/aneeo e iaaeee/iinoiuo i?iaeai. Iniaaiiinoueth
a?oiiiaie ineoioa?aiee i?e ea/aiee aeeiaieueiie caaeneiinoe yaeyaony
au?aaeaiiay ninoaaeythuay ?aoeeiiaeueiie ineoioa?aiee.
Iai?aaeyaiia ineoioa?aiaaoii acaeiiaeaenoaea iaoeeaioia a a?oiia,
niinianoaoy oeo/oaieth acaeiiioiioaiee iaaeaeo ieie, nicaea?o iaeaieaa
aeaaii?eyoiua oneiaey aeey ianoaeaeaiey enoi?ee aeecie iaoeeaioia,
iaoiaeaeaiey iooae ?ac?aoaiey eiioeeeoiuo neooaoeee. Aaaeiui yeaiaioii
yaeyaony oaeaea oi?ie?iaaiea niioaaonoaothuaai ?aaae?iaaiey ia
aiciiaeiua ?aoeeaeeau caaeneiinoe. Naainu a?oiiiaie ineoioa?aiee
i?iaiaeyony 2-4 ?aca a iaaeaeth ii 1,5-2 /ana a a?oiiao ii 7-9 /aeiaae,
i?e/?i ?aaioa a a?oiiao aiiiaaiiiai oa?aeoa?a n/eoaaony iaiaa
yooaeoeaiie. Aaaeiui iieacaoaeai e a?oiiiaie ineoioa?aiee yaeyaony
iaee/ea o iaoeeaioia iioeaaoeee e aucaei?iaeaieth e iniaaiii e o/anoeth
a ?aaioa a?oiiu.
Yooaeoeaiinoue a?oiiiaie ineoioa?aiee i?e aeeiaieueiie caaeneiinoe oanii
naycaia n naiaeiie ineoioa?aieae, aunooiathuae a ea/anoaa aaaeiiai
aeiiieiaiey e iae. I?e yoii caaea/a naiaeiie ineoioa?aiee – auyaeaiea
iniiaiuo eiioeeeoia noi?oaia, ?aeiino?oeoeey naiaeiuo ioiioaiee,
aaeaioaoeey naiuee e ?aaeeio o?acainoe, oe?aieaiea onoaiiaie aieueiiai
ia o?acainoue. I?aainoaaiiinoue iaaeaeo a?oiiiaie e naiaeiie
ineoioa?aieae – iaeia ec i?aaeiinueie yooaeoeaiinoe anae nenoaiu
ea/aaii-ainnoaiiaeoaeueiuo aicaeaenoaee i?e aeeiaieueiie caaeneiinoe.
Aieueoia ineoioa?aiaaoe/aneia aeeyiea ia oi?ie?iaaiea ?aiennee ieacuaaao
o/anoea a aeaeaeaiee naiiiiiiue, ?aeeaeiciia ie?iaicc?aiea, o/anoea a
nia?aieyo a?oii Aiiieiiuo Aeeiaieeeia. Iaeaieueooth yooaeoeaiinoue
oa?aiey i?eia?aoaao, eiaaea iia o/eouaaao eiaeeaeaeoaeueiua ea/anoaa e
iio?aaiinoe iaoeeaioia, a oaeaea nii?iaiaeaeaaony iiaeaea?aeeie iinea
ea/aiey.
Ineoioa?aiey eaea?noaaiiie caaeneiinoe
Eaea?noaaiiay caaeneiinoue ?acaeaaaony i?e iiaoi?iii ia?eiaee/aneii eee
aeeeoaeueiii i?eiaiaiee i?aia?aoia, iaiinyueo a?aae i?eieiathuaio eo
eeoeo, a ia?aaeei e iauanoao. Eaea?noaaiiay caaeneiinoue aeeth/aao 3
ninoaaeythuea: yiioeeiiaeueioth caaeneiinoue, oece/aneoth caaeneiinoue e
oiea?aioiinoue ii ioiioaieth ei iiiaei i?aia?aoai. Iiiuoee
aeeooa?aioee?iaaoue aeeeoaeueiia ?aaoey?iia iaiaaeeoeeineia i?eiaiaiea
i?aia?aoia ia ia?eiiaieth e i?eaueaiea ieacaeenue aaconiaoiuie ec-ca
ianouanoaaiiinoe ?acee/ee. Aaaeiuie ii?aaeaeythueie ?acaeoea caaeneiinoe
oaeoi?aie yaeythony iniaaiiinoe ee/iinoe, nioeeaeueii-yeiiiie/aneea
oneiaey e nai i?aia?ao.
Ineoioa?aieth i?iaiaeyo aeeooa?aioee?iaaiii n o/?oii oeia caaeneiinoe e
ee/iuo iniaaiiinoae iaoeeaioia. I?e “aieueoeo ia?eiiaieyo” i?eiaiytho
aeiiinoaaanoeaioth iaoiaeeeo a ni/aoaiee n aeoaieie ineoioa?aieae.
Iniiaiui n?aaenoaii iiieii aiooaiey yaeyaony ia?aainieouaathuay
ei??aeoe?iaea ee/iinoe. Eioa?anii, /oi iaoiae aooiaaiiie o?aie?iaee
ii/oe ia yooaeoeaai, a a eiuo neo/ayo e ia?aoioth ?aaeoeeth.
Anaaic?anoathuaa aieiaiea e ee/iinoe ia?eiiaia, ?iee ia?eioeea a aai
aeecie e iiieiaiea oiai, /oi eaea?noaaiiay caaeneiinoue yaeyaony /anoi
au?aaeaieai ee/iinoiuo i?iaeai iaoeeaioa, iaoneiaeeaatho aieaa aeoeaiia
eniieueciaaiea a?oiiiaie ineoioa?aiee a nenoaia ea/aiey ia?eiiaiee.
Oaeie iaoiae ea/aiey iieacai iaoeeaioai, no?aaeathuei ec-ca iinoiyiiiai
/oanoaa aeeneiioi?oa e iaee/ey aooaeoeaiuo ia?ooaiee. Iieiaeeoaeueiue
yooaeo a?oiiiaie ineoioa?aiee iaoeeaioia n eaea?noaaiiie caaeneiinoueth
ioia/ai iiiaeie aaoi?aie, ii i?e au?aaeaiiie iaaeiaa?/eainoe e
cao?oaeiaieyo a iaeaaeeaaiee eiioaeoia ae iau/ii i?aaeoanoaoao a
ea/anoaa iiaeaioiaeoaeueiiai yoaia ineoioa?aiey eiaeeaeaeoaeueiay.
*anoue 3.
Iae?ieeiaaenoe/aneia i?ia?aiie?iaaiea (IEI) a ineoioa?aiee
ss n/eoath, /oi a eiioaenoa ineoioa?aiaaoe/aneie iiiiue i?e ineoe/aneeo
?anno?ienoaao ?anniio?aoue oi, eae IEI (iae?ieeiaaenoe/aneia
i?ia?aiie?iaaiea) iiaeao auoue a yoii iieacii. IEI eae iai?aaeaiea
nia?aiaiiie i?aeoe/aneie ineoieiaee iaeaaeaao ?ac?aaioaiiuie
yooaeoeaiuie iaoiaeaie, iinoiyiii naiiniaa?oainoaoaony e ?acaeaaaony.
Aiciiaeiinoe IEI aeaaea oe?a, /ai i?eiaiaiea a ineoioa?aiee – yoi
?ac?aaioea iiauo iiaeoiaeia e iao/aieth, ?acaeoea niiniaiinoae /aeiaaea,
auyaeaiea iaeaieaa eioa?aniuo e oniaoiuo iiaeaeae iiaaaeaiey e iuoeaiey
ethaeae, iiauoaiea ee/iinoiie yooaeoeaiinoe a i?ioanneiiaeueiie
aeayoaeueiinoe e o.ae..
Aiciiaeiinoue ?aaioaoue n aioo?aiiae ?aaeueiinoueth /aeiaaea, iicaieeea
IEI aeaeaei i?iaeaeiooueny a iaeanoe ineoioa?aiee. Aeaaiaea?y oiio, /oi
eniieueciaaiea iaoiaeia IEI iicaieyao ineoioa?aiaaoo “i?iieeiooue ca
neiioii” e aueoe ia o?iaaiue ?aaiou n iuneeoaeueiuie no?aoaaeyie
/aeiaaea, IEI iiaeao oaeiaeaoai?eoue aeinoaoi/ii iaoe?iua cai?inu
ethaeae.
IEI ioiineony e i?ioeanno ineoioa?aiee eae e iao/aieth. Yoi icia/aao,
/oi anee /aeiaae noieeioeny n cao?oaeiaieyie e ?aoee i?eeoe ca iiiiuueth
e ineoioa?aiaaoo, oi e aeaiiiio iiiaioo ii eniieueciaae ana ecaanoiua
aio iaoiaeu ?ac?aoaiey yoie o?oaeiinoe. O/anoaoy a oao eee eiuo
aeaenoaeyo, i?aaeeaaaaiuo ineoioa?aiaaoii, /aeiaae ia oieueei ?aoaao
iinoaaeaiioth ia?aae niaie caaea/o, ii e iao/aaony iiaie no?aoaaee,
eioi?ay a aoaeouai iiaeao iiii/ue aio naiiio ni?aaeyoueny n iiaeiaiuie
neooaoeeyie.
Iaeiei ec iniiaiiieaaathueo acaeyaeia IEI a iaeanoe ineoioa?aiee
yaeyaony oaaaeaeaiea a oii, /oi eaaeaeue /aeiaae iaeaaeaao anaie
aioo?aiieie ?ano?naie aeey ?aoaiey anao naieo caaea/ e aeinoeaeaiey anao
naieo oeaeae. ?aaioa ineoioa?aiaaoa caeeth/aaony a oaoiieiae/aneie
i?aaiecaoeee i?ioeanna, eioi?ue iicaieee au iaoeeaioo iaeoe e cae?aieoue
a naaa ne?uoua ?ano?nu e aiciiaeiinoe, ioaeiua aeey i?iaeaeaeaiey e
iaia/aiiie oeaee.
Ae?oaie aaaeiue iiaeoiae, ioee/athuee IEI io iiiaeo ae?oaeo iai?aaeaiee
ineoioa?aiee, yoi oaa?aiiinoue a oii, /oi ethauo eciaiaiee iiaeii
aeinoe/ue aeinoaoi/ii eaaei e n iaeiaiueoeie iaaaoeaiuie ia?aaeeaaieyie.
Oa?aeoa?iui i?eia?ii iiaeao neoaeeoue ?aaioa a oaoieea “Auno?ia ea/aiea
oiaee”, a eioi?ie /aeiaae aianoi iiaoi?iiai i?iaeeaaiey naiaai enioaa
aei iieoiaii?i/iiai ninoiyiey, iiaeao iicaieeoue naaa io aeooe
iiniayoueny.
Aeeaiacii neiioiiia, n eioi?uie iau/ii ia?auathony e
IEI-ineoioa?aiaaoai, aeinoaoi/ii oe?ie. A /anoiinoe, yoi e caaeneiinoe
(eo?aiea, aeeiaieeci, ia?eiiaiey) e a?aaeiua i?eau/ee, oiae/aneea
?aaeoeee (no?ao auniou, oaiiiou, iaeeii/anoaa, no?ao iinea aaa?ee,
eaoano?io e noeoeeiuo aaaenoaee), niiaoe/aneea aeea?aee, eiio?ieue aana
e ?acee/iua ineoiniiaoe/aneea caaieaaaiey (ycaaiiay aieaciue aeaeoaeea,
iea?aiue, aeia?oiie/aneay aieaciue, iiiaea naenoaeueiua ?anno?ienoaa e
ae?.), aeai?anneaiua ninoiyiey e ae?. Eae iieacuaaao ca?oaaaeiue iiuo,
eniieueciaaiea iiaeoiaeia e iaoiaeia IEI a ineoiiaa?ieiae/aneeo eeeieeao
aeaao onoie/eaua iieiaeeoaeueiua ?acoeueoaou.
Oaeaea iaeiie ec ioee/eoaeueiuo iniaaiiinoae IEI yaeyaony oi, /oi
ineoioa?aiaao aieueooth /anoue a?aiaie oaeaeyao aeaoaeueiie e
ea/anoaaiiie i?i?aaioea “aeaeaaiiai ?acoeueoaoa” eeeaioa, iioiio /oi
/anoi, i?eoiaey e ineoioa?aiaaoo, iaoeeaio neaai i?aaenoaaeyao, /oi aio
aeaenoaeoaeueii ioaeii.
Iniaaiiinoe ?aaiou IEI a ineoioa?aiee au?aaeathony a eniieuecoaiie
iiaeaee “SCORE”, /oi yaeyaony aaa?aaeaoo?ie aiaeeeneeo neia: Neiioiiu,
I?e/eiu, ?acoeueoaou, ?ano?nu, Yooaeou. Yoi ieieiaeueiia /enei
yeaiaioia, i eioi?uo IEI-ineoioa?aiaao niae?aao eioi?iaoeeth aeey
iieo/aiey onoie/eauo eciaiaiee; yoi o?aaeoi?ey aai aeaeaeaiey i?e ?aaioa
n iaoeeaioii. Ia?aia n /aai ia/eiaao ?aaioo IEI-ineoioa?aiaao – nai?
eioi?iaoeee i Neiioiiao iaoeeaioa. Neaaeothuee oaa – ananoi?iiiee nai?
eioi?iaoeee i AEaeaaiii Ninoiyiee/Oeaee iaoeeaioa. Ca iei neaaeoao yoai
i?iaa?ee Yooaeoia, eioi?ua iiaoo iineaaeiaaoue ca aeinoeaiooui
?acoeueoaoii. A neo/aa anee yooaeou iiceoeaiu, oi iie oaaee/eaatho
iioeaaoeeth /aeiaaea e aeinoeaeaieth naiae Oeaee. Anee aea /anoue
yooaeoia ieaaeaony iaaaoeaiie, oi anaaaea iiaeii aa?iooueny ia oaa
iacaae aeiiieieoue e ia?aoi?ioee?iaaoue oeaeue. Aeaeaa o ineoioa?aiaaoa
anoue auai?: i?e aiciiaeiinoe iieo/aiey eciaiaiee aac ?aaiou n
I?e/eiaie, ii iiaeao n?aco niae?aoue eioi?iaoeeth i ?ano?nao, ioaeiuo
iaoeeaioo aeey i?iaeaeaeaiey e aai oeaee. ?aaioa n I?e/eiaie ii
aiciiaeiinoe naiaeeony e ieieioio, e a yoi a?aiy ineoioa?aiaao iaeneioi
aieiaiey oaeaeyao nio?aiaieth iiceoeaiiai ninoiyiey eeeaioa. Oaeay
iineaaeiaaoaeueiinoue ?aaiou iicaieyao nia?aoue anth ioaeioth aeey
eciaiaiee eioi?iaoeeth iaeaieaa ei?ioeei iooai, a oaeaea naeaeaoue anth
nanneth aeey iaoeeaioa iaeaieaa eaaeie e i?eyoiie.
Aaaeiue aeeaae, aian?iiue IEI a ineoioa?aieth – yoi aii?in yeieiae/iinoe
ethauo eciaiaiee. Ii?ie /aeiaae oae no?aieony ecaaaeoueny io i?iaeaiu,
/oi niaa?oaiii caauaaao iiaeoiaoue i iineaaenoaeyo yoeo eciaiaiee.
Iiyoiio eiiaaea iieo/aiiua “aeaaea eciaiaiey” ia?a/a?eeaatho ana oi
oi?ioaa e iieaciia, /oi auei o /aeiaaea ?aiueoa. Iai?eia?: iaeanoi/aiiay
ai?ueaa n eeoiei aanii iiaeao i?eaanoe e aii?aenee (iieiiio
enooaeaieth). Ae?oaei i?eia?ii iayeieiae/iuo eciaiaiee iiaeao neoaeeoue
?aaioa n caaeneiinoyie e iaayc/eaui iiaaaeaieai, eioi?ay iau/ii
naiaeeony e ono?aiaieth yoiai “iaaaoeaiiai iiaaaeaiey”. Iai?eia?, a?inea
eo?eoue, /aeiaae noaiiaeony aieaa ?acae?aaeeoaeueiui, iaiaa
?aaioiniiniaiui e iaeiiaueoaeueiui. Ii iioa?ye i?eau/iue aeey iaai
niinia oniieieoueny e ?anneaaeoueny ai a?aiy eo?aiey, ii aieueoa ia
iaoiaeyo iiaiaea, /oiau naeaeaoue ia?a?ua a ?aaioa, aio o?oaeii
iauaoueny n iaciaeiiuie ethaeueie aac neaa?aou a ?oeao. Iiaeiaiue iaai?
iao/oaiiuo auaiae, nii?iaiaeaeathuee “a?aaeioth i?eau/eo”, iiaeao
i?eaanoe e aica?auaieth noa?iai neiioiia eee aai caiauaieth. A neo/ayo,
aiaeiae/iuo yoei (aeeiaieeci, ia?eiiaiey, ia?aaaeaiea e ae?.), i/aiue
aaaeii, oae?ay noa?oth, iai?eyoioth /aeiaaeo ?aaeoeeth, caiaiyoue aa
oaeie, eioi?ay auea au aieaa yooaeoeaia i?aaeiae e nio?aiyea au aa
iiceoeaiua yooaeou.
I?eia?: ?aaioa n oiaeyie a IEI
O?aaie?othuaa niauoea a i?ioeii iiuoa, i eioi?ii o?oaeii aeaaea
iiaeoiaoue, ia eniuoaa i?e yoii iai?eyoiuo iuouaiee, iiaeao nicaeaoue
oiaeth, eiaaea i?aaeiao eee neooaoeey aucuaaao aiacaiiia iaie/aneia
ninoiyiea, iaoneiaeaiiia annioeeaoeeae n i?ioeie o?aaiie. Oiaee iiaoo
i?eieiaoue naiua ?aciiia?aciua oi?iu: aiyciue iaoeia eee ioe?uouo
i?ino?ainoa, no?ao ia?aae iieaoaie e o.ae. Eaeie au ie auea i?e/eia,
?aaeoeeae yaeyaony iiaeaaeythuaa aaniieienoai. A iaeioi?ii niunea oiaey
yaeyaony aeinoeaeaieai, neeueiie iaoneiaeaiiie ?aaeoeeae, cae?aieaoaeny,
eae i?aaeei, iinea aaeeinoaaiiiai ia?aaeeaaiey. Ethaee ia caauaatho
i?iyaeyoue oiae/aneea ?aaeoeee.
O?aaeeoeeiiiuie iaoiaeaie oiaey iiaeao ea/eoueny a oa/aiea iiiaeo eao,
a IEI aea anoue oaoieee, n iiiiuueth eioi?ie oiaey iiaeao auoue
ono?aiaia aoeaaeueii ca iaeei naain. Ec yoeo oaoiee y eceiaeo aeaa
iaeaieaa ecaanoiua – “aecoaeueii-eeianoaoe/aneoth (A/E) aeennioeeaoeeth”
e “oaoieeo aciaoa”.
Aecoaeueii-eeianoaoe/aneay aeennioeeaoeey
Naiue i?inoie niinia niiaa ia?aaeeoue iai?eyoiua iuouaiey io i?ioeiai
niauoey caeeth/aaony a oii, /oiau aniiiieoue aai a aeaea
annioeee?iaaiiiai ia?aca. *aeiaae aeieaeai auoue “oai”, aeyaey ia ana,
/oi aai ie?oaeaei, naieie nianoaaiiuie aeacaie e ia?aaeeaay oa iuouaiey
aiiaue. *oiau ineaaeoue iuouaiey a ianoiyuai, a IEI i?eiaiyaony iaoiae
ainiiieiaiey neooaoeee n aeennioeee?iaaieai io iaa, eiaaea iaoeeaio
niio?eo ia naay a oie neooaoeee ni noi?iiu. Aeennioeee?iaaiea iicaieyao
naeaaeeaaoue iai?eyoiua iuouaiey, naycaiiua n i?ioeuie niauoeyie, oae
/oi au ii niiaeao niio?aoue ia ieo iono?ai?iii. Eae y oaea caiaoee, yoi
i?eiaiyaony i?e ?aaioa n oiaeae eee eaeei-oi i/aiue iai?eyoiui
ainiiieiaieai.
1. Iineieueeo iaoeeaioo i?aaenoieo o?oaeiia iooaoanoaea a naia i?ioeia,
oa?aiaao onoaiaaeeaaao neeueiue yei?ue ia ninoiyiea aaciianiinoe. Ii
iiaeao eeai iinoaaeoue yei?ue ia ninoiyiea “caeanue e nae/an”, eeai
iii?ineoue iaoeeaioa iiaeoiaoue annioeee?iaaiii i i?ioeii iiuoa, eiaaea
ii /oanoaiaae naay a aaciianiinoe. Ionoue ii oaeaeeo anth noeaio,
oneuoeo caoee e iuooeo niieienoaea e oaa?aiiinoue. Yoa oaa?aiiinoue
cae?aieyaony eeianoaoe/aneei yei?ai (i?eeiniiaaieai). I?e yoii
ineoioa?aiaao aeieaeai oaaaeeoueny a oii, /oi aai i?eeiniiaaiea
aica?auaao iaoeeaioo iuouaiea oaa?aiiinoe.
2. Ineoioa?aiaao i?ineo iaoeeaioa aiia?aceoue naay iaoiaeyueiny a eeii
eee niio?yuei oaeaaeci? n iaiiaeaeaeiui, canouaoei ecia?aaeaieai ia
ye?aia. Eiaaea yoi aoaeao naeaeaii, ioaeii aoaeao iuneaiii auieuoue ec
naiaai oaea, /oiau oaeaeaoue naay, niio?yuaai ia ye?ai, ni noi?iiu.
3. Ionoue iaoeeaio ia/eiaao aica?auaoueny iacaae ii naiae a?aiaiiie
eeiee e oiio iai?eyoiiio niauoeth eee e naiiio ia?aiio neo/ath,
iieiaeeaoaio ia/aei oiaee. Anee aio iaeaaei iaeoe ia?aue neo/ae,
neaaeoao inoaiiaeoueny ia naiii ?aiiai ec aniiieiaaiuo. Eae au
“i?iniio?aoue oeeuei” ia yoii iai?eyoiii niauoee, ia/eiay n oiai
iiiaioa, eiaaea ii aue aua a aaciianiinoe ia?aae neo/eaoeiny, caeii/ea
ia oii eaae?a, eiaaea iianiinoue oaea ieiiaaea e ii niiaa ieacaeny a
aaciianiinoe. Ia auiieiaiea yoiai yoaia iio?aaoaony aeinoaoi/ii a?aiaie.
Iaoeeaio aoaeao aeaeaoue aeaenoaea a ninoiyiee aeaieiie aeennioeeaoeee,
iaaethaeay naay, eioi?ue niio?eo ia naay aieaa iieiaeiai,
ia?aaeeaathuaai oi niauoea ia ye?aia. Aeaieiay aeennioeeaoeey
iiaeaea?aeeaaao iaiaoiaeeioth yiioeeiiaeueioth iono?ai?iiinoue. Anee
ineoioa?aiaao aeaeeo i?eciaee aica?auaiey oiae/aneiai ninoiyiey, oi ii
i?ineo iaoeeaioa “caoaiieoue ye?ai” e ia/aoue i?iniio? oeeueia niiaa,
i?aaeeiaeea aio eciaieoue noaiiaeaeueiinoe ea?oeiee ia ye?aia (iai?eia?,
naeaeaoue aa aieaa oaiiie, iaeaiueeie e ioaeaeeoue io naay, /oiau
oiaiueoeoue neeo iaaaoeaiuo iuouaiee). Yoa ?aaioa iai?aaeaia ia oi,
/oiau aieoe a niaeanea ni naiei nianoaaiiui ia?aaeeaaieai.
Anee a eaeie-oi iiiaio iaoeeaio aiiaue i?iaaeeony a ninoiyiea oiae/aneie
?aaeoeee, ioaeii aa?iooueny a ninoiyiea “caeanue e nae/an”,
ainnoaiiaeoue eiioi?oiia ninoiyiea (eniieuecoy “yei?ue”) e ia/aoue
nia/aea. Ineoioa?aiaao aeieaeai niiaa oniieieoue iaoeeaioa i?eia?ii
neaaeothueie neiaaie: “Au nae/an a aaciianiinoe. caeanue, e i?inoi
i?eoai?yaoanue, /oi niio?eoa oeeuei”. Yoio yoai aoaeao caaa?oai, eiaaea
iaoeeaio “i?iniio?eo oeeuei” iieiinoueth, aoaeo/e a ninoiyiee eiioi?oa.
4. Eiaaea oeeuei caeii/eony, ineoioa?aiaao iicae?aaeyao iaoeeaioa n oai,
/oi oiio a ia?aue ?ac oaeaeinue ia?aaeeoue yoi, ia i?iaaeeaaynue a
noa?ua iaaaoeaiua iuouaiey, e oaia?ue ii iiaeao iiyoue “aa?iooueny a
naia oaei”. I?e yoii i?ienoiaeeo eioaa?aoeey iiceoeee iono?aiaiiiai
iaaethaeaoaey n naiei niaie.
5. Oaia?ue iaoeeaio aiia?aaeaao naay (i?e yoii iaeaaeathuaai aieueoeie
?ano?naie, neeie e ciaieyie) ia?aoiaeyuei ia ye?ai, /oiau ia?aaeaoue
aieaa iieiaeiio naiiio naaa oo iiaeaea?aeeo e iaeia?aiea, a eioi?uo oio
ioaeaeaaony, /oiau ni?aaeoueny n eioeeaeaioii. Ii iiaeao oniieieoue naay
iieiaeiai neiaaie: “ss ec oaiaai aoaeouaai, y ciath, /oi ou ia?aaeeaaoue
yoi, e ana aoaeao oi?ioi. E oaaa ieeiaaea ia i?eaeaony ia?aaeeaaoue yoi
niiaa”
Oaoieea aciaoa
Yoa oaoieea eciaiyao i?iaeaiiia ninoiyiea eee iiaaaeaiea, i?aaeeaaay
iaoeeaioo iiaia iai?aaeaiea. Iia ia i?inoi caiaiyao iaeii iiaaaeaiea
ae?oaei, a i?iecaiaeeo ii?iaeaeathuaa eciaiaiea. Oaoieea ?aaioaao ni
niaoeeoe/aneei iiaaaeaieai, io eioi?iai iaoeeaio oioae au ecaaaeoueny,
eee ?aaeoeeae, eioi?oth ii ia oioae au aini?iecaiaeeoue. “Aciao” eaa/a
anaai i?iaiaeeoue n aecoaeueiuie ia?acaie, oioy iiaeii inouanoaeoue aai
e a aoaeeaeueiie e eeianoaoe/aneie nenoaiao. Iai?eia?, yoo oaoieeo
oi?ioi i?eiaiyoue a ?aaioa n oiae/aneeie ?aaeoeeyie eee iaaeaeaoaeueiuie
i?eau/eaie.
1. I?aaeaea anaai ioaeii ii?aaeaeeoue oi eiie?aoiia iiaaaeaiea, eioi?ia
o?aaoaony eciaieoue –iai?eia?, oiae/aneay ?aaeoeey.
2. Ioianoenue e yoiio ia?aie/aieth eae e aeinoeaeaieth. Ineoioa?aiaao
i?aaeeaaaao iaoeeaioo iauynieoue oi, eae ii ocia?o, eiaaea neaaeoao
caioneaoue i?iaeaiiia iiaaaeaiea? Eaeea eiie?aoii noeioeu aucuaatho aai?
Ineoioa?aiaao i?aaeeaaaao iaoeeaioo aiia?aceoue, /oi oiio iaiaoiaeeii
“iao/eoue” eiai-ieaoaeue yoiio ia?aie/aieth. Ia/aoue i?e yoii ioaeii ni
anaaaea nouanoaothuaai e aiieia ii?aaeaeaiiiai e eiie?aoiiai noeioea,
caioneathuaai yoo ?aaeoeeth.
3. Eaeaioeoeoee?iaaoue oioy au 2 aecoaeueiua noaiiaeaeueiinoe
caioneathuae ea?oeiee, eioi?ua eciaiytho ?aaeoeeth iaoeeaioa ia ia?
(iai?eia?, oi?ioi ?aaioatho “?acia?” e “y?einoue”). Iaiaoiaeeii
eniuoaoue yoe 2 noaiiaeaeueiinoe ia ae?oaii ia?aca, /oiau oaaaeeoueny,
/oi iie nicaeatho aeaeaaiue yooaeo.
4. Aeaeaa iaoeeaioo i?aaeeaaaaony iiaeoiaoue i oii, eaeei au ii oioaee
noaoue – oi anoue /aeiaaeii, eioi?ue ?aaae?iaae au oaea ii-ae?oaiio e ia
eiae au yoeo ia?aie/aiee. Eaeei au ii oaeaeae naay, oaea niaa?oea
aeaeaaiia eciaiaiea? Iaaa?iyea o iaai iiyaeeinue au aieueoa auai?ia, ii
i?eia??e au iiaua niiniaiinoe e o.i. Yoi aeieaeai auoue aai nianoaaiiue
ia?ac, iaeaaeathuee aeaeaaiuie ea/anoaaie, a ia i?inoi eiie?aoiia
iiaaaeaiea. Ea?oeiea aeieaeia auoue aeennioeee?iaaiiie, /oiau
iioeae?iaaoue e i?eaeaeaoue e naaa.
Ineoioa?aiaaoo iaiaoiaeeii oaaaeeoueny a oii, /oi iiaue ia?ac yaeyaony
yeieiae/aneei, /oi ii niaeanoaony n ee/iinoueth iaoeeaioa, aai
ie?oaeaieai e ioiioaieyie n ae?oaeie ethaeueie. Aiciiaeii, iio?aaoaony
naeaeaoue iaeioi?ua ?aaoee?iaee yoiai ia?aca. Ia?ac “ss” aeieaeai auoue
o?aaiiaaoaiiui, i?aaaeiiiaeiaiui e ia naycaiiui oanii ie n eaeie
eiie?aoiie neooaoeeae. Oaeaea ii aeieaeai yaeyoueny aeinoaoi/ii
i?eoyaeaathuei e i?iecaiaeeoue cia/eoaeueiua naeaeae e aieaa iiceoeaiiio
ninoiyieth.
Caoai iaiaoiaeeii i?a?aaoue yoi ninoiyiea e iiaeoiaoue i /ai-ieaoaeue
ae?oaii.
5. Oaia?ue iaoeeaioo iaaei naeaeaeoa ea?oeieo-noeioe aieueoie e y?eie
(anee ?acia? e y?einoue ieacaeenue e?eoe/aneeie noaiiaeaeueiinoyie). A
oaeo yoie ea?oeiee ioaeii iiianoeoue iaeaiueeoth oaiioth oioia?aoeth
iiaiai ia?aca “ss”. Oaia?ue iaoeeaio aeieaeai acyoue aieueoie e y?eee
ia?ac ia?aie/aiey e i/aiue auno?i i?aa?aoeoue aai a iaeaiueeee e o?iiue.
A naith i/a?aaeue, iiaue ia?ac “ss” ioaeii naeaeaoue y?eei e aieueoei.
Nei?inoue yaeyaony caeanue nouanoaaiiui iiiaioii – noe?aiea noa?iai
ia?aca e ?ino iiaiai aeieaeiu a eaeaaea i?ienoiaeeoue iaeiia?aiaiii.
Iiaeao ieacaoueny iieaciui ia?aeeaeueii aiia?aceoue eee aea ia naiii
aeaea i?iecianoe iaeee caoe, ecia?aaeathuee yoio i?ioeann. Caoe eae au
io?aaeaao oi aicaoaeaeaiea, eioi?ia iaoeeaio eniuouaaao io i?aa?auaiey a
iiaue ia?ac “ss”. “Ye?ai” i/euaaony, e oi?aaeiaiea iiaoi?yaony a auno?ii
oaiia ianeieueei ?ac.
Anee “aciao” ia ?aaioaao iinea iyoe iiaoi?aiee, oii?noaiaaoue ia ioaeii;
aianoi yoiai ineoioa?aiaao aeieaeai iiii/ue iaoeeaioo caaeaenoaiaaoue
naith e?aaoeaiinoue, iii?iaiaaoue iiaeia?aoue ae?oaea e?eoe/aneea
noaiiaeaeueiinoe, eee eciaieoue aeaeaaiue ia?ac “ss” a noi?iio aieueoae
i?eoyaaoaeueiinoe.
6. Auiieiea i?aaeuaeouea oaae, ioaeii eniuoaoue ?acoeueoao ioo?i
“i?eniaaeeiaiey e aoaeouaio”. Aucuaaao ee noeioe oo aea naioth
?aaeoeeth? A neaaeothuee ?ac, eiaaea iaoeeaio ieaaeaony a oaeie
neooaoeee, aio iaiaoiaeeii i?iiaaethaeaoue ca iiaie ?aaeoeeae.
Nienie eniieueciaaiiie eeoa?aoo?u
O. I. Iooeeia. “Iaaeeoeeineay ineoieiaey”. Iiaineae?ne, 1996.
“Ineoioa?aiaaoe/aneay yioeeeeiiaaeey” (i/? A.Ae. Ea?aana?neiai). NIa,
1998.
A.Ae. Ea?aana?neee. “Iaa?icu”. I., 1990
A.Ae. Ea?aana?neee. “Ineoioa?aiey”. I., 1985
Aeae. I’Eiiii?, Aeae. Naeii?. “Aaaaeaiea a iae?ieeiaaenoe/aneia
i?ia?aiie?iaaiea: Iiaaeoay ineoieiaey ee/iiai ianoa?noaa”. *aeyaeine,
1997.
ssi Iae-Aea?iioo e Aeae. I’Eiiii?. ”IEI e caei?iauea. Eniieueciaaiea IEI
aeey oeo/oaiey caei?iauey e aeaaiiieo/ey”.
A.A. Aa?aneiia. “IEI a ?aieao ineoioa?aiee”. Iineianeee Oeaio? IEI,
http://www.aha.ru/~nlp
?.Ae. Eyia. ?aneieioia “ss”. NIa, 1995.
“?oeiaiaenoai ii ineoeao?ee” (i/? A.A. ?iaeiiaa). Oaoeaio, 1985
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