Ieienoa?noai cae?aaiio?aiaiey ?O
Othiaineay Ainoaea?noaaiiay Iaaeeoeeineay Aeaaeaiey
E.O. ?oaeiaaa
Aaii??aae/aneea caaieaaaiey e neiae?iiu.
O/aaii-iaoiaee/aneea ?aeiiaiaeaoeee aeey
nooaeaioia
Othiaiue
1998 a.
Aaoi?: Ea?ena Oaaei?iaia ?oaeiaaa – i?ioanni?, aeie. iaae. iaoe,
caneoaeaiiue a?a/ ?O, i?ioanni? eaoaae?u ainieoaeueiie oa?aiee
OAIA.
Ooaa?aeaeaii ia canaaeaiee oeaio?aeueiiai
eii?aeeiaoeeiiii-iaoiaee/aneiai niaaoa OAIA
1998 a.
Eioaeoeeiiiua yiaeiea?aeeou.
Eioaeoeeiiiua yiaeiea?aeeou – ainiaeeoaeueiia caaieaaaiea yiaeiea?aea n
i?aeiouanoaaiiui ii?aaeaieai eeaiaiia na?aeoea. ?acee/atho ia?ae/iua e
aoi?e/iua oi?iu eioaeoeeiiiiai yiaeiea?aeeoa. Ia?ae/iua oi?iu /aua
?acaeaathony i?e nainena ?acee/iie yoeieiaee (aeiaeieiae/aneii,
o?ieiae/aneii, o?aaiaoe/aneii), aneaaenoaea aieueie/iie eioaeoeee (i?e
i?eiaiaiee ninoaeenouo eaoaoa?ia). Aoi?e/iua oi?iu ?acaeaathony ia oiia
?aiaa eciaiaiiuo eeaiaiia a ?acoeueoaoa caaieaaaiee: ?aaiaoecia,
neoeeena, a?iaeaeaiiuo ii?ieia na?aeoea, iinea eiienno?ioiiee eee
i?ioace?iaaiey eeaiaiia.
Yoeieiae/aneea oaeoi?u eioaeoeeiiiiai yiaeiea?aeeoa:
Aaeoa?eaeueiua (noaoeeieieee, no?aioieieee, caeaiyuee no?aioieiee,
ay?iaiua a?aiio?eoeaoaeueiua iaei/ee, yioa?ieieee, inaaaeiiiiaaeu e
ae?.).
A?eaeiaua (Candida albicans, Aspergillus spp.).
I?i/ea aicaoaeeoaee (?eeeaonee, nie?ioaou, i?inoaeoea).
Iaoaiioiiey e iaoiaaiac.
Yoeioaeoi? iia?aaeaeaao yiaeiea?ae i?aeiouanoaaiii ai?oaeueiiai eee
ieo?aeueiiai eeaiaiia. I?e ae?oeaioiie eioaeoeee na?aeoea ii?aaeaaony ia
anth aiaoiie/aneoth no?oeoo?o. ?acaeaaaony oieaa?naeueiia eiioiiia
ii?aaeaiea yiaeioaeey ninoaeia n ?acaeoeai ninoaeenoi-eaieeey?iiai
yiaeioaeeica n aaii??aae/aneeie yaeaieyie (eaieeey?ioieneeic).
Ii?aaeathony i?aeiouanoaaiii iaeeea a?oa?ee e eaieeey?u (eiaee,
neecenouo e i?.). Iaeiaei, ia?aaeee ii?aaeaiey aieaa e?oiiuo a?oa?ee:
ii/a/iuo n ?acaeoeai aeiia?oeiiao?eoa e ei?iia?iuo n ?acaeoeai eeeieee
eioa?eoa ieiea?aea (iiyaeaiea eioa?eoiiiaeiaiuo eciaiaiee ia YEA).
Oacu oa/aiey eioaeoeeiiiiai yiaeiea?aeeoa: eioaeoeeiiii-oiene/aneay,
eioaeoeeiiii-aeea?ae/aneay (eee eiioiii-ainiaeeoaeueiay n ?acaeoeai
ieiea?aeeoa, iao?eoa, aaiaoeoa, nieaiiiaaaeee), aeeno?ioe/aneay. A
ieiea?aea iaia?oaeeaatho oiene/aneoth aeaaaia?aoeeth iuoa/iuo aieieii n
iiiaeanoaaiiuie iae?icaie. Ieiea?ae ii?aaeaaony a 92 % neo/aaa
caoyaeiiai naioe/aneiai yiaeiea?aeeoa. Ia eeaiaiao na?aeoea iaoiaeyo
oa?aeoa?iua eciaiaiey – ycaaiii-ai?iaeaa/aoue i?ioeann, eiathuee aeae
aaaaoaoeee (iieeiiciua o?iiaioe/aneea iaeiaeaiey).
Oi?iu eeeie/aneiai oa/aiey eioaeoeeiiiiai yiaeiea?aeeoa: 1) ino?ay, 2)
iiaeino?ay, 3) caoyaeiay. Auaeaeytho ianeieueei iniauo eeeie/aneeo oi?i
oa/aiey eioaeoeeiiiiai yiaeiea?aeeoa: inaaaeioeoicioth (iienaia Aoei),
naioeeiieaie/aneoth, aoeie/ioth (aaceeoi?aaei/iay n aenoea?aeueiuie
i?iyaeaieyie).
Aeeaaiic eioaeoeeiiiiai yiaeiea?aeeoa:
Iauea e ia?eoa?e/aneea neiioiiu:
aaeoe/aneay eeoi?aaeea n iciiaaie e i?ieeaiuie iioaie;
“caieenoue” oeaao eiaee;
iaoaoee ia eiaea, neecenoie ?oa, i?aa, ia eiiuthieoeaa (neiioii Eoeeia);
aaii??aae/aneea iyoia Aeaeaeioyy (ia eaaeiiyo e noiiao);
ocaeee Inea?a (ia iaeueoeao ?oe e iia);
eeioiaaeaiiiaoey;
Aenoea?aeueiua ii?aaeaiey:
na?aea/ii-ninoaeenoay nenoaia: ii?ie ai?oaeueiiai eee ieo?aeueiiai
eeaiaia, ieiea?aeeo, na?aea/ii-ninoaeenoay iaaeinoaoi/iinoue e(eee)
a?eoiee;
ii/ee: aeeooociue aeiia?oeiiao?eo, yeno?aeaieeey?iue aeiia?oeiiao?eo;
aaiaoi- e nieaiiiaaaeey;
neiiaeou nonoaaia: a?o?aeueaee, a?o?eou;
Ineiaeiaiey:
aaii??aae/aneee neiae?ii: iiniaua, aeaeoaei/ii-eeoa/iua e?iaioa/aiey,
e?iaieceeyiey a nao/aoeo (iyoia ?ioa);
o?iiaiyiaiee/aneee neiae?ii n ?acaeoeai eioa?eoia a ?acee/iuo i?aaiao;
AeAN – neiae?ii;
naioe/aneea aiaa?eciu: ai?oaeueiiai eeaiaia, iaaeaeaeoaei/eiaie
ia?aai?iaeee, iicaa;
aeennaieie?iaaiea eioaeoeee: iaieiaeo, inoaiieaeeo, aanoeann naeacaiee,
ieiea?aea, ieaeiiao?eo;
ino?ay ii/a/iay iaaeinoaoi/iinoue;
ino?ay na?aea/ii-ninoaeenoay iaaeinoaoi/iinoue;
ino?ay ii/a/ii-ia/aii/iay iaaeinoaoi/iinoue;
Ooieoeeiiaeueiua enneaaeiaaiey na?aea/ii-ninoaeenoie nenoaiu:
YEA – i?eciaee ianiaoeeoe/aneeo eciaiaiee naaiaioa ST e coaoea T,
nieaeaiea aiieeooaeu coaoeia aneaaenoaea aeeno?ioee ieiea?aea, i?eciaee
aeia?o?ioee eaaiai eee (e) i?aaiai ioaeaeia na?aeoea;
YoiEA – aaaaoaoeee ia eeaiaiao na?aeoea (anee eo ?acia?u aieaa 5 ii);
Eaai?aoi?iua iaoiaeu enneaaeiaaiey:
ia?eoa?e/aneay e?iaue: iaioeeoiiaiey eee aiaiey n eaeeioeeoicii,
iaeo?ioeeacii, onei?aiea NIY;
aeioeie/aneea enneaaeiaaiey: oaaee/aiea oea?eiiaaia, iieiaeeoaeueiue
N-?aaeoeaiue aaeie, aeeni?ioaeiaiey, oaaee/aiea i?io?iiaeiiaiai
eiaeaena, aeee?oaeia, inoaoi/iiai acioa, ii/aaeiu e ae?.;
oa?aeoa?ia aaeoa?eo?ey (aeey iinaaa i?iecaiaeyo caai? e?iae ec 3-o aai n
eioa?aaeii a 15 ieioo ii 10 ie), iinea 2-o iaaeaeueiie aioeiee?iaiie
oa?aiee iinaa e?iae iiaeao auoue io?eoeaoaeueiue;
aiaeec ii/e: i?ioaeio?ey, aaiaoo?ey, aaeoa?eo?ey;
Aeinoiaa?iue aeeaaiic eioaeoeeiiiiai yiaeiea?aeeoa.
Eeoi?aaeea.
Ooi a na?aeoea.
Yiaieee.
Aaeoa?eaiey.
Aaaaoaoeee ia eeaiaiao ii aeaiiui YoiEA.
I?aaeiieiaeeoaeueiue aeeaaiic eioaeoeeiiiiai yiaeiea?aeeoa.
Eeoi?aaeea iayniiai aaiaca.
Ooi a na?aeoea eee yiaieee.
Aeeooa?aioeeaeueiue aeeaaiic eioaeoeeiiiiai yiaeiea?aeeoa.
Aeeooa?aioeeaeueiue aeeaaiic eioaeoeeiiiiai yiaeiea?aeeoa i?iaiaeeony:
N i?eia?aoaiiuie ii?ieaie na?aeoea (i?e ?aaiaoecia, nenoaiiie e?aniie
aie/aiea, ?aaiaoieaeiii iieea?o?eoa, neoeeeoe/aneii iaciai?oeoa, ieeniia
eaaiai i?aaena?aeey eee aeaeoaei/ea).
N a?iaeaeaiiuie ii?ieaie na?aeoea.
N ea?aeeiieiiaoeyie.
N ieiea?aeeoaie.
N aeiia?oeiiao?eoii, nieaiiiaaaeeyie, aaii??aae/aneei aaneoeeoii.
N nainenii.
N iieicaaieaaaieyie.
Ea/aiea eioaeoeeiiiiai yiaeiea?aeeoa.
Ea/aiea eioaeoeeiiiiai yiaeiea?aeeoa iaycaoaeueii noaoeeiia?iia.
Iinoaeueiue ?aaeei aei oeo/oaiey ninoiyiey, aeeaoa – noie ? 5,7,10 ii
Iaacia?o (a caaeneiinoe io ii?aaeaiey aenoea?aeueiuo i?aaiia).
Iniiaiie aeae ea/aiey – aioeaaeoa?eaeueiay oa?aiey, eioi?ay ia/eiaaony
iinea caai?a e?iae aeey aaeiinaaa. I?aaeii/oeoaeueii i?eiaiaiea
aaeoa?eoeeaeiuo aioeaeioeeia oe?ieiai niaeo?a aeaenoaey .
Yiie?e/aneia ea/aiea aioeaeioeeaie eioaeoeeiiiiai yiaeiea?aeeoa
(aei ?acoeueoaoia iinaaa):
aiieoeeeei 2 a, a/a eaaeaeua 4 /ana (iaeneiaeueiay aeica 200 ia/ea/noo);
aaieiieoeei 15 ia/ea, a/a eaaeaeua 12 /ania;
oeaoacieei 2 a, a/a eaaeaeua 6-8 /ania;
oia?aieoeei 1,7 ia/ea, a/a eaaeaeua 8 /ania;
?eoaiieoeei 300 ia aioo?ue eaaeaeua 8 /ania;
?aeiiaiaeoaiua ni/aoaiey aioeaeioeeia i?e yiie?e/aneii
ea/aiee eioaeoeeiiiiai yiaeiea?aeeoa:
aiieoeeeei+aaioaieoeei (i?e i?eciaeao eioieneeaoeee);
aaieiieoeei+ aaioaieoeei+ieia?aoeeeeei (o eiuaeoeeiiiuo ia?eiiaiia,
aieueiuo ia aaiiaeeaeeca, n iinoiyiiui aaiiciui eaoaoa?ii);
Yoeieiae/aneia ea/aiea eioaeoeeiiiiai yiaeiea?aeeoa:
i?eiaiythony aaieiieoeei+ aaioaieoeei a oa/aiea 2-o iaaeaeue, caoai
aaieiieoeei – 4 iaaeaee i?e iaia?oaeaiee cieioenoiai noaoeeieieea,
onoie/eaiai e (-eaeoaiiui aioeaeioeeai);
i?eiaiythony aaioaieoeei+iaooeeeeei a oa/aiea 2-o iaaeaeue, caoai
iaooeeeeei – 4 iaaeaee i?e iaia?oaeaiee cieioenoiai noaoeeieieea,
/oanoaeoaeueiiai e (-eaeoaiiui aioeaeioeeai;
i?eiaiythony oia?aieoeei+ ieia?aoeeeeei a oa/aiea 6 iaaeaeue i?e
iaia?oaeaiee ay?iaiuo a?aiio?eoeaoaeueiuo iaei/ae;
i?eiaiyaony aioioa?eoeei A (1 a) ( ooi?oeeoicei i?e auyaeaiee a?eaeiaie
yoeieiaee;
Neiioiiaoe/aneia ea/aiea:
ei??aeoeey aaiiaeeiaieee, eeneioii-uaei/iiai ?aaiiaaney, yeaeo?ieeoiuo
ia?ooaiee, aeaceioieneeaoeeiiiay oa?aiey;
ea/aiea ineiaeiaiee: na?aea/iie, ii/a/iie iaaeinoaoi/iinoe, ia?ooaiee
?eoia (i?e iieiie AAA – a?aiaiiay YEN), yiaieee (eioa?eoia);
i?eiaiaiea eiioiii?ioaeoi?ia (?eaiioiee, i?ioeainoaoeeieieeiaue
aaiia-aeiaoeei e ae?.);
naiaoeey i/aaia eioaeoeee;
iia?aoeaiia ea/aiea ii?ieia (i?ioace?iaaiea eeaiaiia) e iaaiieoaeueiuo
ineiaeiaiee eioaeoeeiiiiai yiaeiea?aeeoa;
iieacaieyie e iia?aoeaiiio ea/aieth yaeythony: iayooaeoeaiinoue oa?aiee,
?aoeeaeeae?othuea yiaieee ninoaeia, eioaeoeeiiiue yiaeiea?aeeo
i?ioace?iaaiiiai eeaiaia, ?aoeeaeea eioaeoeeiiiiai yiaeiea?aeeoa.
I?ioeeaeoeea eioaeoeeiiiiai yiaeiea?aeeoa
I?ioeeaeoeea eioaeoeeiiiiai yiaeiea?aeeoa i?iaiaeeony a a?oiia aunieiai
?enea:
i?ioace?iaaiiua eeaiaiu;
eioaeoeeiiiue yiaeiea?aeeo a aiaiiaca;
a?iaeaeaiiua ii?iee na?aeoea: iaca?auaiea a?oa?eaeueiiai i?ioiea,
aeaoaeo iaaeaeaeoaei/eiaie ia?aa?i?aeee, oao?aaea Oaeei, eia?eoaoeey
ai?ou;
ai?oaeueiua eee ieo?aeueiua ii?iee;
neiae?ii Ia?oaia;
a?oa?ei-aaiiciua oenooeu;
Aeeniaina?iia iaaethaeaiea aieueiuo n eioaeoeeiiiui yiaeiea?aeeoii
i?iaiaeyo ea?aeeieia e oe?o?a. *anoioa ianeaaeiaaiee caaeneo io oyaeanoe
oa/aiey eioaeoeeiiiiai yiaeiea?aeeoa. I?ioeeaeoe/anee i?eiaiythony
aioeaeioeee (aiieoeeeeei, aiieneoeeeeei eee aeeeeinaoeeeeei) i?e
?acee/iuo iia?aoeaiuo aiaoaoaeuenoaao: yeno?aeoeey coaa, oiiceeeyeoiiey,
a?iioineiiey, yiaeineiiey n aeiineae, aeiaeieiae/aneiai e o?ieiae/aneiai
eino?oiaioaeueiiai ianeaaeiaaiey, aei e iinea ii?aoeaiuo aiaoaoaeuenoa.
Ea?aeeiieiiaoee.
Oa?iei ea?aeeiieiiaoey i?eiaiytho e caaieaaaieth na?aeoea n
iaonoaiiaeaiiie yoeieiaeae ii ?aeiiaiaeaoeee AIC. A a?oiio
ea?aeeiieiiaoee iauaaeeiaiu caaieaaaiey na?aeoea n iniiaiuie
eeeie/aneeie i?iyaeaieyie: ea?aeeiiaaaeeae, i?ia?anne?othuae na?aea/iie
iaaeinoaoi/iinoueth, ia?ooaieyie ?eoia, o?iiai-yiaiee/aneeie
ineiaeiaieyie. Iienaiu ianeaaenoaaiiua e nii?aaee/aneea oi?iu
ea?aeeiieiiaoee.
Eeanneoeeaoeey ea?aeeiieiiaoee.
(Goodvin n niaao., 1976)
Aeeeyoaoeeiiiay (canoieiay).
Aeia?o?ioe/aneay (iano?oeoeaiay e iaiano?oeoeaiay).
?ano?eeoeaiay.
Eeanneoeeaoeey ea?aeeiieiiaoee.
(A.I. Aeoa?o, 1982)
Aeia?o?ioe/aneay (naiaeiay e ianaiaeiay oi?iu).
Canoieiay (eaeeiiaoe/aneay, naiaeiay, iinea?iaeiaay, o?iie/aneay).
Aeeiaieueiay.
Eiaaeueoiaay (ieaiay).
Eaea?noaaiiay.
I?e aoaenee O?eae?aeoa e i?e ae?oaeo ianeaaenoaaiiuo iuoa/iuo
caaieaaaieyo.
I?e yiaeie?eiiuo ia?ooaieyo.
I?e aieeieaeica.
I?e aaiio?iiaoica.
Oai?ee ?acaeoey ea?aeeiieiiaoee.
Auaeaeaathony iniiaiua 2 oai?ee ?acaeoey ea?aeeiieiiaoee:
ainiaeeoaeueiay (?ieue eaoaioii i?ioaeathuae ae?oniie eioaeoeee) e
aaiaoe/aneay.
Ainiaeeoaeueiay oai?ey ?acaeoey ea?aeeiieiiaoee.
N?aaee yoeioaeoi?ia: ae?onu, i?inoaeoea, aeenou. A 46,2 % neo/aaa i?e
aeeeyoaoeeiiiie ea?aeeiieiiaoee i?aaeoanoaotho eioaeoeee, a 50 %
ieiea?aeeo ineiaeiyaony ?acaeoeai aeeeyoaoeeiiiie ea?aeeiieiiaoee, i?e
eioi?ie iaia?oaeeaatho aunieea oeo?u aioeoae e ae?ono Eienaee,
Yoi-aa?iano. I?e ?ano?eeoeaiie ea?aeeiieiiaoee i?ineaaeeaaaony naycue n
i?ioicieiie eioaeoeeae, a 100 % neo/aaa iaia?oaeeaatho aunieea oeo?u
aioeoae e aicaoaeeoaeth iaey?ee. ?acaeoea aeia?o?ioe/aneie
ea?aeeiieiiaoee naycuaatho n ia?ooaieai yia?eiaaiaca a ?acoeueoaoa
ae?oniiai aioo?eoo?iaiiai ii?aaeaiey ieiea?aea ieiaea. I?e o?iie/aneie
oi?ia aeeeyoaoeeiiiie ea?aeeiieiiaoee a 100 % neo/aaa iaia?oaeeaaaony
oeeey?eic. Ainiaeeoaeueiay oai?ey aaiaca ea?aeeiieiiaoee
iiaeoaa?aeaeaaony iaia?oaeaieai ainiaeeoaeueiuo eioeeueo?aoia n
iae?icaie ea?aeeiieioeeoia e oea?iciui eo caiauaieai (eae i?e
ieiea?aeeoa).
Oai?ey eiioiiiai ainiaeaiey. Iiaeoaa?aeaeaieai yoie oai?ee yaeyaony
/anoia eciaiaiea na?aeoea i?e eieeaaaiicao. Acaeiinaycue aeeeyoaoeeiiiie
ea?aeeiieiiaoee n aioeaaiaie HLA – DR4 eae i?e ?aaiaoieaeiii a?o?eoa.
?acaeoea iinea?iaeiaie aeeeyoaoeeiiiie ea?aeeiieiiaoee o aaeuo aeaiuei
(Ieaea?eaiaeu, Aaeeeia?eoaiey) iinea aieaa 3-o aa?aiaiiinoae, a o
/a?iieiaeeo aeaiuei – iinea 1-ie aa?aiaiiinoe.
Aaiaoe/aneay oai?ey (ianeaaenoaaiiay). Aaiaoe/aneea iniiau
ea?aeeiieiiaoee iiaeoaa?aeaeatho naiaeiua oi?iu caaieaaaiee
(aeeeyoaoeeiiiay ea?aeeiieiiaoey – a 10%, aeia?o?ioe/aneay
ea?aeeiieiiaoey – a 30-50% neo/aaa), aieaa iieiaeie aic?ano iaoeeaioia n
naiaeiie oi?iie ea?aeeiieiiaoee. Auyaeaia acaeiinaycue ea?aeeiieiiaoee n
aioeaaiaie nenoaiu HLA: aeeeyoaoeeiiiie ea?aeeiieiiaoee n aaieioeiii A27
e DR4, aeia?o?ioe/aneie ea?aeei-ieiiaoee – n DR4. Aeia?o?ioe/aneay
ea?aeeiieiiaoey ianeaaeoaony ii caeiiai Iaiaeaey. Ea?aeeiiaaaeey
?anniao?eeaaony eae i?iyaeaiea aaia?aeeciaaiiiai ianeaaenoaaiiiai
ieiie/aneiai i?ioeanna (ieoioiiae?aeueiie ieiiee, aieacie Iiiia –
aeeeiaaiic oei 2, aoaenee O?eae?aeoa). Aaiaoe/aneea oaeoi?u –
aiiiaeueiia niioiioaiea ?acee/iuo eiiiiiaioia na?eieaiiie iaia?aiu,
oa?iaioia e ?aoeaioi?iua aiiiaeee.
Oiene/aneay e iaoaaiee/aneay oai?ee. Oiene/aneay oai?ey iniiaaia ia
aeaiiuo ?acaeoey ea?aeeiieiiaoee o 30% eeoe, oiio?aaethyueo aeeiaieue
aieaa 10 eao (iaaeinoaoie ieoaiey n aeaoeoeeoii oeaieia), ia
iaaeeoeeineea i?aia?aou (ea?aiiao eeoey, aeaeni?oaeoeei –
i?ioeai-iiooieaaue i?aia?ao), ia eiaaeueo (o eeoe, oiio?aaeythueo
aaii/iia ieai), ia naeiaoe e ieiai. Iaoaaiee/aneay oai?ey aace?oaony ia
iaia?oaeaiee aeeeyoaoeeiiiie ea?aeeiieiiaoee ia oiia aeiioinoaoaiee,
aeiieaeueoeeaiee.
Aeeeyoaoeeiiiay ea?aeeiieiiaoey.
I?e aeeeyoaoeeiiiie ea?aeeiieiiaoee ?acaeaaaony eioa?noeoee-aeueiue e
ia?eaaneoey?iue oea?ic na?aea/iie iuooeu n ?anoe?aieai anao iieinoae,
ea?aeeiiaaaeeae e i?ia?anne?othuei nieaeaieai nie?aoeoaeueiie ooieoeee.
I?e aeeeyoaoeeiiiay ea?aeeiieiiaoee i?aiaeaaeaao aeeeyoaoeey iieinoae
iaae aeia?o?ioeae ieiea?aea.
Eeeie/aneea oi?iu oa/aiey aeeeyoaoeeiiiie ea?aeeiieiiaoee:
Eciee?iaaiiay (n eaaiaeaeoaei/eiaie eee i?aaiaeaeoaei/eiaie
iaaeinoaoi/iinoueth).
Oioaeueiay (n oioaeueiie na?aea/iie iaaeinoaoi/iinoueth).
A ?acoeueoaoa aeeeyoaoeee iieinoae ?acaeaaaony ioiineoaeueiay
iaaeinoaoi/iinoue ieo?aeueiiai eeaiaia.
Aeeaaiinoeea aeeeyoaoeeiiiie ea?aeeiieiiaoee.
Ea?aeeiiaaaeey a ni/aoaiee n;
ineaaeaiei I oiia ia aa?oooea, i?ioiaeeanoiee/aneei ?eoiii aaeiia,
nenoiee/aneei ooiii ieo?aeueiie e o?eeonieaeaeueiie ?aao?aeoaoeee;
?acee/iuie a?eoieyie (yeno?anenoieey, ia?oeaoaeueiay a?eoiey e (eee)
aeieaaeu).
O?iiaiyiaieee n ?acaeoeai eioa?eoia (77,1%), a oii /enea eaai/iua
ninoaeu – 54,3%; aioo?ena?aea/iua – 57,1%.
Auno?ia i?ia?anne?iaaiea na?aea/iie iaaeinoaoi/iinoe (ionoonoaea yooaeoa
io ea/aiey) iinea eeeieee ieiea?aeeoa eee eaoaioiie ae?oniie eioaeoeee.
Ionoonoaea io ea/aiey na?aea/iie iaaeinoaoi/iinoe.
Oaaee/aiea na?aeoea ii aeaiiui YEA, Yoi EA e ?aioaaio.
?aioaaiieiae/anee: oa?iaeaeiia na?aeoea, canoieiua eciaiaiey a eaaeeo;
YEA (ianeieueei oeiia eciaiaiee): eciee?iaaiiay aeia?o?ioey
aeaeoaei/eia, oioaeueiay aeia?o?ioey aeaeoaei/eia, ?oaoeiaua eee
eioa?eoiiiaeiaiua eciaiaiey ieiea?aea – a 100% neo/aaa, ia?ooaiea ?eoia
e i?iaiaeeiinoe: yeno?anenoieey, ia?oeaoaeueiay a?eoiey,
ao?eiaaio?eeoey?iay aeieaaea, aeieaaea iiaeae io/ea Aena, i?eciaee
aeeno?ioe/aneeo eciaiaiee ieiea?aea;
yoi EA: aeiieeiacey caaeiae noaiee eaaiai aeaeoaei/ea e
iaaeaeaeoaei/eiaie ia?aai?iaeee, oa?aeoa?ai “?uaee caa” ieo?aeueiiai
eeaiaia (?anoe?aiea ?annoiyiey iaaeaeo ia?aaeiae e caaeiae noai?eaie
ieo?aeueiiai eeaiaia), oaaee/aiea eiia/iuo nenoiee/aneiai e
aeeanoiee/aneiai ?acia?ia, nieaeaiea oaea?iiai iauaia.
Eaai?aoi?iua aeaiiua ianiaoeeoe/iu. Iaeaieaa /anoi iaia?oaee-aaaony
oaaee/aiea neaeiaie eeneiou, oieanoa?eia, aeeni?ioaeiaiey, aiciiaeiu
aiaiey, iiauoaiea NIY.
Aeeooa?aioeeaeueiue aeeaaiic aeeeyoaoeeiiiie ea?aeeiieiiaoee.
Eioa?eo ieiea?aea (eioa?eoiiiaeiaiie oi?iu aeeeyoaoeeiiiie
ea?aeeiieiiaoee, i?ioaeathuae n aeai?anneae ST e io?eoeaoaeueiui T a
eaauo a?oaeiuo ioaaaeaieyo).
Inaaaeiei?iia?iay oi?ia ieiea?aeeoa (Aa?aiiaa-Oeaeea?a).
Yiaeiea?aeeou ?acee/iie yoeieiaee.
Yennoaeaoeaiue ia?eea?aeeo.
A?iaeaeaiiua ii?iee na?aeoea.
Oaiiiiaaea na?aeoea.
Aeia?o?ioe/aneay ea?aeeiieiiaoey.
Aeia?o?ioe/aneay ea?aeeiieiiaoey iaeaieaa /anoi iaaethaeaaony a Acee,
ssiiiee, a no?aiao, ?aniieiaeaiiuo ia iiaa?aaeuea Oeoiai ieaaia.
Aeia?o?ioe/aneay ea?aeeiieiiaoey i?iyaeyaony aeia?o?ioeae
iaaeaeoaei/eiaie ia?aai?iaeee (13 ii e aieaa) eee noaiie eaaiai
aeaeoaei/ea n oiaiueoaieai aai nenoiee/aneiai iauaia e ia?ooaieai
na?aea/iiai aua?ina, nieaeaieai aai aeeanoiee/aneie ooieoeee.
Aaiiaeeiaie/aneea ia?ooaiey naycaiu n aeeanoiee/aneie
iaaeinoaoi/iinoueth eaaiai aeaeoaei/ea (ianiiniaiinoue e iieiiio
?anneaaeaieth a aeeanoieo).
Eeeie/aneea oi?iu oa/aiey aeia?o?ioe/aneie ea?aeeiieiiaoee:
Neiiao?e/iua (neiiao?e/aneay eiioeaio?e/aneay aeia?o?ioey ieiea?aea).
Anneiao?e/iua (aeia?o?ioey iaaeaeaeoaei/eiaie ia?aai?iaeee eee
aa?oooee).
Aeeooociua e eieaeueiua oi?iu (aeeooociay – aeia?o?ioey ia?aaeiaaieiaie
noaiee eaaiai aeaeoaei/ea e ia?aaeiaaa?oiae /anoe iaaeaeaeoaei/eiaie
ia?aai?iaeee – yoi eaeeiiaoe/aneee aeia?o?ioe/aneee noaai?oaeueiue
noaiic: eieaeueiay – aeia?o?ioey iaaeaeaeoaei/eiaie ia?aai?iaeee).
Noaiaiue iano?oeoeee auiinyuaai o?aeoa eiaeeaeaeoaeueia. Iienuaatho
ni/aoaiea aeia?o?ioe/aneie ea?aeeiieiiaoee n WPW neiae?iiii eee n
eoaie/aneie aieaciueth na?aeoea.
Aeeaaiinoeea aeia?o?ioe/aneie ea?aeeiieiiaoee.
Ianeaaenoaaiiue naiaeiue oa?aeoa? caaieaaaiey.
Ea?aeeiiaaaeey a ni/aoaiee:
ni noaiiea?aeeae (ia?ooaiei ei?iia?iiai e?iaiia?auaiey);
n iaii?ieaie iinea oece/aneie iaa?ocee (aneaaenoaea a?eoiee eee iaeiai
na?aea/iiai aua?ina);
n a?eoieyie (a 70,5% – aeaeoaei/eiaay yeno?anenoieey – aeaaiay i?e/eia
eaoaeueiinoe);
n iicaeiei nenoiee/aneei ooiii o eaaiai e?ay a?oaeeiu (ooi ecaiaiey,
?aaeei i?iaiaeeony ia ninoaeu oae, oneeeaaaony i?e i?iaa Aaeuenaeueau –
iaooaeeaaiea i?e i?enaaeaiee aneaaenoaea oiaiueoaiey ?acia?ia na?aeoea),
n eaaiaeaeoaei/eiaui na?aea/iui uae/eii.
Neiioiiu eaaiaeaeoaei/eiaie (na?aea/iay anoia) e i?aaiaeaeoaei/eiaie
iaaeinoaoi/iinoe;
Aeiiieieoaeueiaa iaoiaeu enneaaeiaaiey:
YEA: aeia?o?ioey eaaiai aeaeoaei/ea e eaaiai i?aaena?aeey,
ianiaoeeoe/aneea eciaiaiey naaiaioa ST e coaoea T (nieaeaiea),
iaoieiae/aneee Q II, III, V3-6, ioiineoaeueiay ei?iia?iay
iaaeinoaoi/iinoue a eaauo a?oaeiuo ioaaaeaieyo. I?e aa?oooa/iie
aeia?o?ioe/aneie ea?aeeiieiiaoee iaaethaeaaony aeaaioneee
io?eoeaoaeueiue T ai anao V-ioaaaeaieyo;
yoiea?aeeia?aoey (eiaao aeeaaiinoe/aneia cia/aiea): i?e aneiiao?e/iie
aeia?o?ioe/aneie ea?aeeiieiiaoee oieueia iaaeaeaeoaei/eiaie ia?aai?iaeee
a 1,3 ?aca i?aauoaao oieueio eaaiai aeaeoaei/ea. Ioia/aaony iaeue
aeeanoiee/aneee ?acia? iieinoe eaaiai aeaeoaei/ea (3,5-4 ni). I?e
iano?oeoeaiie oi?ia iaaethaeaaony nenoiee/aneia niauaiea ia?aaeiae
noai?ee ieo?aeueiiai eeaiaia, nenoiee/aneia ae?iaeaiea noai?ee
ai?oaeueiiai eeaiaia e aai ?aiiaa cae?uoea, niioiinyuaany n ieeaie e
eoiieaie ia caiene ea?ioeaeiiai ioeuena;
eaai?aoi?iua aeaiiua ianiaoeeoe/iu.
Aeeooa?aioeeaeueiue aeeaaiic aeia?o?ioe/aneie ea?aeeiieiiaoee:
Eoaie/aneay aieaciue na?aeoea.
I?ieain ieo?aeueiiai eeaiaia.
Ai?oaeueiue noaiic.
Ino?ay ninoaeenoay iaaeinoaoi/iinoue (i?e iaii?ieao) ?acee/iie i?e/eiu.
O?iiaiyiaieey eaai/iie a?oa?ee.
?anneaeaathuayny aiaa?ecia ai?ou.
?ano?eeoeaiay ea?aeeiieiiaoey.
?ano?eeoeaiay ea?aeeiieiiaoey – au?aaeaiiia ?ac?anoaiea
niaaeeieoaeueiie oeaie a yiaeiea?aea e ai aioo?aiiae o?aoe ieiea?aea n
iaeeoa?aoeeae iieinoae aeaeoaei/eia, ii?aaeaieai ieo?aeueiiai e
o?aonoai?/aoiai eeaiaiia. ?ano?eeoeaiay ea?aeeiieiiaoey nii?iaiaeaeaaony
ianiiniaiinoueth ieiea?aea e aeeanoiee/aneiio ?anoyaeaieth aeaeoaei/eia,
/oi i?eaiaeeo e iaiieiaieth eaaiai aeaeoaei/ea e cia/eoaeueiiio
nieaeaieth na?aea/iiai aua?ina. A a?oiio ?ano?eeoeaiie ea?aeeiieiiaoee
aeeth/aiu 2 caaieaaaiey: yiaeiieiea?aeeaeueiue oea?ic e yiceiioeeueiue
oea?iieanoe/aneee yiaeiieiea?aeeo Eaooea?a.
Aeeaaiinoeea ?ano?eeoeaiie ea?aeeiieiiaoee:
Ea?aeeiiaaaeey.
I?aeiouanoaaiii i?aaiaeaeoaei/eiaay iaaeinoaoi/iinoue (aaiaoiiaaaeey,
anoeeo, ioaee ia iiaao, iiynieoea), eaaiaeaeoaei/eiaay iaaeinoaoi/iinoue
(na?aea/iay anoia).
O?iiaiyiaiee/aneea ineiaeiaiey.
Aeiiieieoaeueiua enneaaeiaaiey:
YEA: ianiaoeeoe/aneea eciaiaiey naaiaioa ST e coaoea T (nieaeaiea),
nieaeaiea aieueoaaea coaoeia, ia?aa?ocea i?aauo ioaeaeia, aeieaaea
i?aaie iiaeee io/ea Aena, ia?ooaiea ao?eiaaio?eeoey?iie i?iaiaeeiinoe;
Yoiea?aeeia?aoey (eiaao aeeaaiinoe/aneia cia/aiea): oaaee/aiea ?acia?ia
i?aaena?aeee, ?acia?u iieinoae aeaeoaei/eia ia eciaiaiu, aeaeoaei/ee
aeia?o?ioe?iaaiu, aeeneeiacey iaaeaeaeoaei/eiaie ia?aai?iaeee;
?aioaai: canoieiua eciaiaiey a eaaeeo, iacia/eoaeueiay ea?aeeiiaaaeey;
Eaai?aoi?iua aeaiiua: oa?aeoa?ia yiceiioeeey.
Ea?aeeiieiiaoee a Othiaineie iaeanoe.
Eco/aii oa/aiea ea?aeeiieiiaoee a Othiaineie iaeanoe (ii aeaiiui
Iaeanoiie eeeie/aneie aieueieoeu) o 28 aieueiuo (24 ioae/ei, 4 aeaiuei)
a aic?anoa 15-76 eao a 2-o a?oiiao a caaeniinoe io aeeeoaeueiinoe
caaieaaaiey (aei 3-o eao e aieaa 3-o eao). Aieueiua n aeeeoaeueiinoueth
aieacie aei 3 eao (1 a?.) auee iieiaea, /ai aieueiua n aieaa
aeeeoaeueiui aiaiiacii aieacie (2 a?.). O 47,8% aieueiuo ia?aie a?oiiu
iaoieiaee na?aeoea i?aaeoanoaiaaee ?acee/iua eioaeoeee (ino?ua
?anie?aoi?iua caaieaaaiey, a?iioeo, iiaaiiiey, ae?oniue aaiaoeo,
naeueiiiaeeac), aeeiaieueiay eioieneeaoeey a 30,4% neo/aaa, ino?ue
ieiea?aeeo a 8,7%, ?acaeoea eeeieee ea?aeeiieiiaoee n?aaee iieiiai
caei?iauey – a 13%. O aieueiuo 1 a?oiiu ioia/aeny ioyaiuaiiue naiaeiue
aiaiiac ii ea?aeeieiae/aneiio e?anoa?o e ?acee/iua aiiiaeee ?acaeoey
ieuaaa?eoaeueiie nenoaiu, iicaiii/ieea, /anoay iaia?aiineiinoue
eaea?noaaiiuo i?aia?aoia. Aeey ea?aeeiieiiaoee ia oiia neiae?iia Ia?oaia
aue oa?aeoa?ai aeiieiaioiue oei ianeaaeiaaiey. O aieueiuo 2 a?oiiu
ea?aeeiieiiaoey i?ioaeaea n eeeieeie eoaie/aneie aieacie na?aeoea.
Aeeeyoaoeeiiiay ea?aeeiieiiaoey – iaeaieaa /anoay oi?ia ea?aeeiieiiaoee
a Othiaineie iaeanoe (89%). Ae?oaea oi?iu ea?aeeiieiiaoee auee ?aaeeeie
(aeia?o?ioe/aneay ea?aeeiieiiaoey – 7%, ?ano?eeoeaiay ea?aeeiieiiaoey –
4%). Aeaa neo/ay aeia?o?ioe/aneie ea?aeeiieiiaoee i?ioaeaee a iaeiii
neo/aa n iano?oeoeeae auiinyuaai o?aeoa, a a ae?oaii neo/aa – n
ionooo/oaeai oaeiaie. ?ano?eeoeaiay ea?aeeiieiiaoey (aaeeinoaaiiue
neo/ae) i?ioaeaea n au?aaeaiiui ia?ooaieai ooieoeee ieo?aeueiiai
eeaiaia, iinea i?ioace?iaaiey eioi?iai i?eniaaeeieeny eioaeoeeiiiue
yiaeiea?aeeo.
Iaie onoaiiaeaiu 12 e?eoa?eaa iiauoaiiiai ?enea ?acaeoey
ea?aeeiieiiaoee:
Ioaeneie iie.
Aic?ano aei 45 eao.
Auno?ia i?ia?anne?iaaiea oa/aiey ea?aeeiiaaaeee.
Naiaeiay ioyaiuaiiinoue ii ea?aeeaeueiiio eeanoa?o.
?acee/iua aiiiaeee ?acaeoey aenoea?aeueiuo i?aaiia,
iii?ii-aeaeaaoaeueiiai aiia?aoa.
Aaiioei 0 eee A ii nenoaia AA0 – y?eo?ioeeoia.
Iieiaeeoaeueiue ?acon-oaeoi?.
Ii?iio?iiiay eee aeiio?iiiay aiaiey.
Aeiiaeueaoieiaiey (aeeni?ioaeiaiey).
Oaaee/aiea neaeiaie eeneiou (aaaeiaeoee aeeaaiinoe/aneee i?eciae).
Aeia?oieanoa?eiaiey.
Oaaee/aiea oee?eoee?othueo eiioiiuo eiiieaenia a e?iae.
A ?acoeueoaoa eeeie/aneiai iaaethaeaiey aeeeyoaoeeiiiie ea?aeeiieiiaoee
a Othiaineie iaeanoe i?aaeeiaeaiu neaaeothuea eeeie/aneea oi?iu oa/aiey
aeeeyoaoeeiiiie ea?aeeiieiiaoee: ineiaeiaiiay e iaineiaeiaiiay oi?iu.
Ineiaeiaiiua oi?iu: a?eoie/aneay, aeia?oiie/aneay, eoaie/aneay,
eioa?eoiay, einoeueoiay, o?iiayiaeiea?aeeoe/aneay, o?iiaiyiaiee/aneay
(iiiaeanoaaiiua o?iiaicu), aiaa?eciaoe/aneay, i?ia?anne?othuae
na?aea/iie iaaeinoaoi/iinoe. Aaaeiaeooth ?ieue a ?acaeoee
ea?aeeiieiiaoee ea?atho aaiaoe/aneea oaeoi?u, eeeie/aneia oa/aiea
ea?aeeiieiiaoee iaiiieiaao aooieiioiiia caaieaaaiea.
Ea/aiea ea?aeeiieiiaoee.
Oi?iu EII Eiina?aaoeaiia ea/aiea Oe?o?ae/aneia
ea/aiea
AeEII Ioeac io aeeiaiey. I?eiaiaiythony naeo?aoeee, aiaaiee/aneea
noa?ieaeu, aioeeiaaoeyiou, eiio?iiiua i?aia?aou (aeiaooaiei, ai?eiii)
eaioii?ee, ia?eoa?e/aneea aaciaeeeyoaoi?u (ieo?aou, oaioieaiei,
o?iiaoai, iaiei?on, aeae?ieacei).
Na?aea/iua aeeeiceaeu iaeiyooaeoeaiu. Ia?anaaeea na?aeoea.
AEII Ei??aeoeey aaiiaeeiaieee. Aioea?eoie/aneea i?aia?aou: ei?aea?ii,
(-aeieaoi?u, aioaaiienou eaeueoeey.
Na?aea/iua aeeeiceaeu i?ioeaiiieacaiu ! ?acaeoeey aeia?o?ioe?iaaiiie
iaaeaeaeoaei/eiaie ia?aai?iaeee, i?ioace?iaaiea ieo?aeueiiai eeaiaia
?EII I?e yiceiioeeee: oeeoinoaoeee, aetheiei?oeeieaeu. Ea/aiea
na?aea/iie iaaeinoaoi/iinoe: aeeo?aoeee, aaciaeeeyoaoi?u (inoi?iaeii !),
i?e ia?oeaoaeueiie a?eoiee: na?aea/iua aeeeiceaeu e aioeeiaaoeyiou.
I?ioace?iaaiea aeaoo- eee o?aonoai?/aoiai eeaiaia
I?eia/aiea: EII – ea?aeeiieiiaoey, AeEII – aeeeyoaoeeiiiay
ea?aeeiieiiaoey, AEII – aeia?o?ioe/aneay ea?aeeiieiiaoey, ?EII –
?ano?eeoeaiay ea?aeeiieiiaoey.
Ieiea?aeeou.
Ieiea?aeeou – ainiaeeoaeueiua caaieaaaiey na?aea/iie iuooeu. ?acee/atho
ieiea?aeeou ia?ae/iua e aoi?e/iua. Ia?ae/iua ieiea?aeeou /aua aucuaatho
?acee/iua aicaoaeeoaee (aaeoa?ee, ae?onu, a?eaee, i?inoaeoea,
aaeueieiou). A caaeneiinoe io aeaea aicaoaeeoaey auaatho niaoeeoe/aneea
e ianiaoeeoe/aneea ieiea?aeeou. ?aaea iaaethaeathony ii?aaeaiea iuooeu
na?aeoea aneaaenoaea aicaeanoaey ?aaeeaoeee, oiene/aneeo aaoanoa,
o?aaiu. E?iia oiai, ieiea?aeeou ?acaeaathony i?e eieeaaaiicao (nenoaiiay
e?aniay aie/aiea, ?aaiaoieaeiue a?o?eo, aea?iaoiieiceo), ?aaiaoecia,
ino?uo iiaaiiieyo, eaea?noaaiiie aieacie. ?acaeoea ieiea?aeeoa i?e
oeacaiiuo caaieaaaieyo eee iia?aaeaeaieyo ia yaeyaony iaycaoaeueiui
neiioiiii caaieaaaiey.
Yoeieiae/aneay eeanneoeeaoeey ieiea?aeeoia.
Ae?oniua ieiea?aeeou.
Yoeioaeoi?u ae?onu: Eienaee A e A, iieeiieaeeoa, yieaeaie/aneiai
ia?ioeoa, ei?e, e?aniooe, a?eiia (AeA), eeoi?aaeee Aeaiaa, aao?yiie
iniu, iiiynuaathuaai eeoay, i?inoiai aa?iana, Yiooaeia-Aa??, AE*,
oeeoiiaaaeiae?on.
Aaeoa?eaeueiua ieiea?aeeou.
Yoeioaeoi?u niaoeeoe/aneea e ianiaoeeoe/aneea aicaoaeeoaee caaieaaaiee:
?aaiaoecia, nea?eaoeiu, nuiiiai e a?thoiiai oeoa, naeueiiiaeeaca,
iaieiaieieeiaie eioaeoeee, ooaa?eoeaca, neoeeena, a?ooeaeeaca e ae?.
A?eaeiaua ieiea?aeeou (/anoue aicaoaeeoaeue Cryptococcus neoformans).
Ieiea?aeeou, aucaaiiua i?inoaeoeie i?e caaieaaaieyo: Eaeineie aieacie,
oieniieaciica, oeaieaeeaca.
Ieiea?aeeou i?e aaeueieioicao (o?eoeiaeeac, yoeiieieeic).
Eo/aaie ieiea?aeeo.
Oiene/aneee ieiea?aeeo.
Iinoo?aaiaoe/aneee ieiea?aeeo.
Aeea?ae/aneee ieiea?aeeo (eaea?noaaiiiai e ia?aceoa?iiai aaiaca).
Ieiea?aeeo i?e eieeaaaiicao.
Auaeaeytho iniaoth oi?io oyaeaeiai ieiea?aeeoa – eaeeiiaoe/aneee
ieiea?aeeo Aa?aiiaa-Oeaeea?a (inaaaeiei?iia?iue aa?eaio ieiea?aeeoa).
Iaoaiaoiiey e iaoiaaic.
Iiae aeeyieai aioeaaia i?ienoiaeeo eeai aeeooociia ii?aaeaiea ia?aioeiu
– iuoa/iuo eeaoie e eioa?noeoeey, eeai i/aaiaua ii?aaeaiey iaaeooi/iie
niaaeeieoaeueiie oeaie. Aeea?ae/aneea e eiioiiua i?ioeannu ?acaeaathony
ia aioeaai, eiathuee aeeceoth aioeaaiioth no?oeoo?o ieiea?aeeaeueiuo
eeaoie. Eioeeueo?aoeey eeaoeaie ainiaeaiey caaeneo io oa?aeoa?a
ainiaeaiey (eioaeoeeiiiia eee eioiiia ainiaeaiea). Aeeooociua eciaiaiey
ieiea?aea iiaoo nii?iaiaeaeaoueny ii?aaeaieai i?iaiaeyuae nenoaiu
na?aeoea.
Aeeaaiinoeea ieiea?aeeoia.
Iniiaaia ia iaee/ee eeeie/aneeo neiioiiia ii?aaeaiey na?aeoea e
?acoeueoaoia aeiiieieoaeueiuo iaoiaeia enneaaeiaaiey.
Ia?eoa?e/aneea neiioiiu: aeaaeiinoue, oeeaiic aoa, iiauoaiea
oaiia?aoo?u.
Neiioiiu ii?aaeaiey na?aea/ii-ninoaeenoie nenoaiu:
aieaaie neiioiia (i?iaeieaeeoaeueiua ooiua, eiethuea aiee a na?aeoea n
ionoonoaeai yooaeoa io ieo?aoia);
iauaeoeaiua i?eciaee ii?aaeaiey na?aeoea: ineaaeaiea aa?oooa/iiai
oie/ea, ?anoe?aiea a?aieoe na?aeoea, aeeanoiee/aneee ?eoia aaeiia eee
(e) nenoiee/aneee ooia, aeooinoue na?aea/iuo oiiia, nieaeaiea
a?oa?eaeueiiai aeaaeaiey, ia?ooaiea /anoiou e ?eoia na?aea/iie
aeayoaeueiinoe;
i?eciaee na?aea/ii-ninoaeenoie iaaeinoaoi/iinoe ii eaaiaeaeoaei/eiaiio
oeio eee (e) ii i?aaiaeaeoaei/eiaiio oeio (iaeuoea, iaaooaiea oaeiuo
aai, aeaaeiua o?eiu iaae eaaeeie, oaaee/aiea ia/aie, ioaee ia iiaao);
Naycue caaieaaaiey n yoeioaeoi?ii e iaee/ea i?iae?iiaeueiiai ia?eiaea.
Aeaiiua aeiiieieoaeueiuo iaoiaeia enneaaeiaaiee, iiaeoaa?aeaeathueo
ii?aaeaiea na?aeoea:
YEA: i?aoiaeyuea eciaiaiey naaiaioa ST e coaoea T;
YoiEA e ?aioaaiia?aoey na?aeoea – oaaee/aiea ?acia?ia na?aeoea;
ino?ioaciaua iieacaoaee: onei?aiea NIY, yiceiioeeey, iaeo?ioeeueiue
eaeeioeeoic, oaaee/aiea neaeiaie eeneiou, oea?eiiaaia, iieiaeeoaeueiue
N-?aaeoeaiue aaeie, aeeni?ioaeiaiey n oaaee/aieai aeiaoeeiiaie o?aeoeee,
iiauoaiea o?iaiy na?aea/iuo ecioa?iaioia.
Eeeie/aneea oi?iu oa/aiey ieiea?aeeoia:
Ino?ia, iiaeino?ia, o?iie/aneia oa/aiea.
Aeeaaiinoe/aneea e?eoa?ee ieiea?aeeoa.
(Iueth-Ei?eneay annioeeaoeey ea?aeeieiaia 1973)
Neioniaay oaoeea?aeey.
Ineaaeaiea I oiia.
Ia?ooaiea ?eoia, aeeth/ay ?eoi aaeiia.
Eciaiaiey YEA: caiaaeeaiea i?aaena?aeii-aeaeoaei/eiaie i?iaiaeeiinoe,
ia?ooaiea ?aiiey?ecaoeee (ST-T).
Ea?aeeiiaaaeey.
Iiauoaiea ania?oaoaieiio?ainoa?acu (AnAO).
Canoieiay na?aea/iay iaaeinoaoi/iinoue.
Ineiaeiaiey ieiea?aeeoia:
ino?ay na?aea/iay iaaeinoaoi/iinoue (na?aea/iay anoia, ioae eaaeeo);
ia?ieneciaeueiua ia?ooaiey ?eoia n na?aea/iie iaaeinoaoi/iinoueth;
ao?eiaaio?eeoey?iay aeieaaea n inoaiiaeie na?aeoea;
ia?eea?aeeo;
?acaeoea aeeeyoaoeeiiiie ea?aeeiieiiaoee;
Iaeaieaa /anoi ineiaeiaiey ?acaeaathony i?e eaeeiiaoe/aneii ieiea?aeeoa
Aa?aiiaa-Oeaeea?a (ia?oeaoaeueiay a?eoiey, o?iiai-yiaiee/aneee neiae?ii,
i?ia?anne?othuay na?aea/iay iaaeinoaoi/iinoue).
Aeeooa?aioeeaeueiue aeeaaiic ieiea?aeeoia.
Aeeooa?aioeeaeueiue aeeaaiic ieiea?aeeoia i?iaiaeeony n i?aaie/aneei e
ooieoeeiiaeueiuie ii?aaeaieyie na?aeoea:
?aaiaoe/aneei ieiea?aeeoii;
aeea?ae/aneei ieiea?aeeoii;
ieiea?aeeoii i?e eieeaaaiicao;
ea?aeeiieiiaoeyie;
ia?eea?aeeoii;
aeeno?ioeyie ieiea?aea (i?e yiaeie?eiiiaoeyo, i?e aiaieyo, aeeiaieueiie
e eeeiaeoa?e/aneie ea?aeeiieiiaoee);
eioa?eoii ieiea?aea eee noaiiea?aeeae;
ea?aeeiiaa?icii;
ieeniiie eaaiai i?aaena?aeey eee aeaeoaei/ea;
yiaeiea?aeeoaie ?acee/iie yoeieiaee;
aiaa?eciie aeaeoaei/ea;
a?iaeaeaiiuie ii?ieaie na?aeoea.
Ea/aiea ieiea?aeeoia.
Aeeaoa noie ?10 ii Iaacia?o, iinoaeueiue ?aaeei aei en/aciiaaiey
aieaaiai neiae?iia e i?eciaeia na?aea/iie iaaeinoaoi/iinoe. I?eiaiyaony
yoeio?iiiia ea/aiea i?e ecaanoiie yoeieiaee. I?e ?aaiaoe/aneii
ieiea?aeeoa eniieuecothony – naeeoeeeaou, eiiaaea i?aaeiecieii; i?e
aeea?ae/aneii ieiea?aeeoa ia oiia ?aiiae oacu iienoi?oica iinea
iiaeaioiaeoaeueiie iaoiaaiaoe/aneie oa?aiee yoeio?iiiia ea/aiea
i?aceeaaioaeai, i?e nenoaiiie e?aniie aie/aiea – eniieuecoaony
i?aaeiecieii eee ni/aoaiea i?aaeiecieiia n oeeeeioinoaiii
(iaoao?aenaoii). Eo/aaie ieiea?aeeo ea/ao i?aaeiecieiiii.
Neiioiiaoe/aneay oa?aiey aeeth/aao ei??aeoeeth na?aea/ii-ninoaeenoie
iaaeinoaoi/iinoe, i?ioeeaeoeeo e ea/aiea a?eoiee, iaoaaiee/aneoth
oa?aieth (?eaienei, iaiaiaei, ia?ieaeei e ae?.), naiaoeeth i/aaia
eioaeoeee.
Enoiaeu: aucaei?iaeaiea; ?acaeoea ieiea?aeeoe/aneiai ea?aeeineea?ica n
ia?ooaieai ?eoia eee (e) na?aea/iie iaaeinoaoi/iinoueth, ?acaeoea
aeeeyoaoeeiiiie ea?aeeiieiiaoee.
Aeeniaina?ecaoeey. Aieueiua, ia?aianoea ieiea?aeeo iaaethaeathony o
ea?aeeieiaa eee oa?aiaaoa, /anoioao ianeaaeiaaiey caaeneo io oyaeanoe
oa/aiey caaieaaaiey, iaee/ey niioonoaothueo caaieaaaiee. Ianeaaeiaaiea
aeeth/aao: iauee aiaeec e?iae, YoiEA e YEA, inoaeueiua enneaaeiaaiey e
eiinoeueoaoeee ii iieacaieyi. I?iaiaeeony ia?ae/iay e aoi?e/iay
i?ioeeaeoeea ieiea?aeeoia.
Ia?eea?aeeou.
Ia?eea?aeeou – iia?aaeaeaiea ia?eea?aea na?aeoea ?acee/iiai aaiaca.
Auaatho ia?ae/iua e aoi?e/iua ia?eea?aeeou. Aoi?e/iua ia?eea?aeeou
ineiaeiytho ?acee/iua caaieaaaiey (iiaaiiiee, iieicaaieaaaiey,
?aaiaoeci, eieeaaaiicu).
Aaiac ia?eea?aeeoia.
1. Ainiaeeoaeueiua ia?eea?aeeou:
eioaeoeeiiiua: ae?oniua (Eienaee A e A, a?eiia A e A, ACHO),
aaeoa?eaeueiua (niaoeeoe/aneea – ooaa?eoeaciue e ianiaoeeoe/aneea –
noaoeeieieeiaua, no?aioieieeiaua, iaieiaieieeiaua, iiaaiieieeiaua,
yioa?ieieeiaua, aucaaiiue eeoa/iie iaei/eie e ae?.);
eiioiiua (i?e eieeaaaiicao: nenoaiiay e?aniay aie/aiea, ?aaiaoieaeiue
a?o?eo, neea?iaea?iey; iinea eioa?eoa ieiea?aea – neiae?ii Ae?annea?a,
o?ainio?aeueiii eioa?eoa ieiea?aea);
aeea?ae/aneea (i?e nuai?ioi/iie aieacie, eaea?noaaiiie aieacie);
a?eaeiaua e ia?aceoa?iua.
2. Iaoaaiee/aneea (i?e oa?ieiaeueiie ii/a/iie iaaeinoaoi/iinoe,
iiaeaa?a, ieenaaeaia).
3. Iiooieaaua (iiooiee ia?eea?aea, iaoanoacu ea?oeeiiiu eaaeeo eee
iiei/iie aeaeac, a ia?eea?ae, ?ae n?aaeinoaiey, iacioaeeiia n
i?i?anoaieai a ia?eea?ae).
4. Iinoo?aaiaoe/aneea (iinea iia?aoeee ia na?aeoea e o?aaiu na?aeoea).
5. Eo/aaua (eiiece?othuay ?aaeeaoeey, ?aioaaii- e ?aaeeioa?aiey).
Iaoaiaoiiey e iaoiaaiac ia?eea?aeeoia.
A caaeneiinoe io oa?aeoa?a iia?aaeaeaiey ?acaeaaaony yennoaeaoeaiue eee
eiino?eeoeaiue ia?eea?aeeo. ?acee/atho ia?eea?aeeou oea?eiiciua,
na?iciua, na?icii-oea?eiiciua, na?icii-aaii??aae/aneea, aaii??aae/aneea,
aiieiua e aieeinoiua. Aaii??aae/aneee yennoaeao ano?a/aaony i?e
niaoeeoe/aneii ooaa?eoeaciii ia?eea?aeeoa, iiooieyo ia?eea?aea,
aaii??aae/aneii aeeaoaca. I?e aiay?iaiie eioaeoeee ?acaeaaaony
aieeinoiue ia?eea?aeeo.
I?e yennoaeaoeaiii ia?eea?aeeoa ainiaeaiea nii?iaiaeaeaaony
i?iiioaaaieai aeeaeeinoe a iieinoue ia?eea?aea. AEeaeeinoue
iaeaieeaaaony eeai iaaeeaiii e ?anoyaeaaao ia?eea?ae, eeai auno?i, /oi
i?eaiaeeo e oaiiiiaaea na?aeoea. I?e eiino?eeoeaiii ia?eea?aeeoa
aeeooociia ooieuaiea noaiie ia?eea?aea i?eaiaeeo e naeaaeaieth na?aeoea,
oiaiueoaieth ?anoyaeeiinoe iieinoae e ia?aie/aieth na?aea/iiai aua?ina.
I?e ioeiaeaiee nieae eaeueoeey a iaiei/ea ?acaeaaaony iaioee?iia
na?aeoea. A i?ioeanna ?ac?aoaiey ia?eea?aeeoa ia?acoaony
a?aioeyoeeiiiay, caoai ?oaoeiaay oea?iciay oeaiue, i?eaiaeyuay e niaeeai
eenoeia ia?eea?aea. Niaeee ia?acothony iaaeaeo ieaa?ie e ia?eea?aeii
(ieaa?i-ia?eea?aeeaeueiua niaeee), aiciiaeii ?acaeoea niaae ni
n?aaeinoaieai e aeeao?aaiie. Niaeee iiaoo naeaaeeaaoue onouey iieuo e
ia/aii/iuo aai. Iaoieiae/aneee i?ioeann iiaeao caoaaouaaoue
noayieea?aeeaeueiua neie ieiea?aea.
Ii eeeie/aneiio oa/aieth ia?eea?aeeou iiae?acaeaeythony ia:
ino?ua, iiaeino?ua e o?iie/aneea.
Aeeaaiinoeea ino?iai yennoaeaoeaiiai ia?eea?aeeoa:
1. Eeoi?aaeea (caaeneo io yoeieiaee).
2. AEaeiau: aieue a iaeanoe na?aeoea (eiiaaea n e??aaeeaoeeae a eaaoth
?oeo, a?oaeeio, yieaano?aeueioth iaeanoue), iaeuoea (oiaiueoaaony a
aa?oeeaeueiii iieiaeaiee), nooie eaoaeue (aneaaenoaea aeaaeaiey ia
o?aoath e a?iioe).
3. Iauaeoeaiua neiioiiu:
oeeaiic aoa;
oeeaiic eeoea, oae e a?oaee, iaaooaiea oaeiuo aai (a ai?eciioaeueiii
iieiaeaiee ca n/ao naeaaeaiey aa?oiae iieie aaiu);
ineaaeaiea aa?oooa/iiai oie/ea;
?anoe?aiea a?aieoe na?aeoea in toto i?e yennoaeaoa aieaa 300-500 ie;
aeooinoue na?aea/iuo oiiia;
ooi o?aiey ia?eea?aea i?e yennoaeaoeaiii ia?eea?aeeoa n iaaieueoei
eiee/anoaii aeeaeeinoe;
oiaiueoaiea aiieeooaeu ioeuena ia aaeioa (“ia?aaeienaeueiue ioeuen”).
4. Aeiiieieoaeueiua enneaaeiaaiey:
YEA- nieaeaiea aieueoaaea coaoeia, yeaeo?e/aneay aeueoa?iaoeey na?aeoea
(iiaeuai naaiaioa ST a ?acee/iuo ioaaaeaieyo);
Yoiea?aeeia?aoey – naiaiaeiia io yoi neaiaea i?ino?ainoai iaaeaeo aeaoiy
eenoeaie ia?eea?aea;
?aioaai a?oaeiie eeaoee – na?aeoea ie?oaeie oi?iu n i?aiaeaaeaieai
iiia?a/ieea iaae aeeeiieeii, oei?i/aieai oaie ninoaeenoiai io/ea,
ionoonoaea i?eciaeia canoiy a eaaeeo;
eaai?aoi?iua aeaiiua: eaeeioeeoic n iaeo?ioeeacii, onei?aiea NIY,
iiauoaiea o?iaiy oea?eiiaaia e neaeiaie eeneiou, aeeni?ioaeiaiey.
Ineiaeiaiey ino?iai yennoaeaoeaiiai ia?eea?aeeoa:
Oaiiiiaaea na?aeoea (?aniiciaaony ii i?eciaeai cia/eoaeueiiai nieaeaiey
na?aea/iiai aua?ina: oeeaiico, iioeeainoe, cia/eoaeueiiio iaaooaieth
oaeiuo aai, iaaeaieth nenoiee/aneiai AAe, oaoeea?aeee, ia?aaeienaeueiiio
ioeueno).
Na?aea/ii-ninoaeenoay iaaeinoaoi/iinoue.
Ia?ooaiea ?eoia.
Aeeooa?aioeeaeueiue aeeaaiic ino?iai yennoaeaoeaiiai ia?eea?aeeoa:
Eoaie/aneay aieaciue na?aeoea, eioa?eo ieiea?aea (i?e ia?eea?aeeoa iao
?aoeei?ieoiuo eciaiaiee naaiaioa ST).
Ieiea?aeeo.
Aeeeyoaoeeiiiay ea?aeeiieiiaoey.
Yennoaeaoeaiue ieaa?eo.
Iiooieue na?aeoea.
?anneaeaathuayny aiaa?ecia ai?ou.
O?iiaiyiaieey eaai/iie a?oa?ee.
Ea/aiea ino?iai yennoaeaoeaiiai ia?eea?aeeoa.
Ea/aiea i?iaiaeeony a noaoeeiia?a, iinoaeueiue ?aaeei aei oiaiueoaiey
yennoaeaoa a ia?eea?aea, aeeaoe/aneee noie ?10 ii Iaacia?o. I?iaiaeeony
yoeio?iiiia ea/aiea. I?eiaiythony ianoa?ieaeiua i?ioeaiainiaeeoaeueiua
i?aia?aou, i?e eiioiiuo e aeea?ae/aneeo oi?iao iacia/aaony i?aaeiecieii
(eiiaaea oeeoinoaoeee), i?iaiaeeony ei??aeoeey aaiiaeeiaieee,
eeneioii-uaei/iiai ?aaiiaaney e yeaeo?ieeoiuo ia?ooaiee, iacia/aaony
iaoaaiee/aneay oa?aiey. Iaioeiaeiua ia?ii?eyoey – ia?eea?aeeioeaioac
i?e oaiiiiaaea na?aeoea.
Aeeaaiinoeea ino?iai eiino?eeoeaiiai ia?eea?aeeoa:
Iauea neiioiiu: iiauoaiea oaiia?aoo?u, aeaaeiinoue, oeeaiic aoa.
Neiioiiu na?aea/ii-ninoaeenoie iaoieiaee:
iaeuoea a ?acoeueoaoa ia?aie/aiey na?aea/iiai aua?ina (i?oiiiiy o 50%
aieueiuo);
aeooinoue na?aea/iuo oiiia, ooi o?aiey ia?eea?aea;
i?iyaeaiey aaiiciie aeia?oaicee (i?aiaeaaeaiea i?aaiaeaeoaei/eiaie
iaaeinoaoi/iinoe e?iaiia?auaiey): anoeeo, ioaee, oaaee/aiea ia/aie,
aeaeoooa;
iaaooaiea y?aiiuo aai, neiioii Eonniaoey.
Aeiiieieoaeueiua enneaaeiaaiey:
YEA: nieaeaiea aiieeooaeu coaoeia a ioaaaeaieyo io eiia/iinoae,
i?aaena?aeiua a?eoiee;
YoiEA: ooieuaiea ia?eea?aea;
?aioaai na?aeoea: eaeueoeeoeeaoeey ia?eea?aea a aeaea
?aioaaiieiae/aneiai eieueoea aie?oa na?aeoea (a aieiauo i?iaeoeeyo);
Eaai?aoi?iua eciaiaiey ianiaoeeoe/iu (aiciiaeii iaee/ea ino?ioaciauo
iieacaoaeae: eaeeioeeoic, iaeo?ioeeac, onei?aiea NIY, iiauoaiea o?iaiy
oea?eiiaaia e neaeiauo eeneio, aeeni?ioaeiaiey);
Ineiaeiaiey ino?iai eiino?eeoeaiiai ia?eea?aeeoa:
Inaaaeioee??ic Ieea (ii?aaeaiea eainoeu ia/aie, aaiaoiiaaaeey, anoeeo,
ioaee, yennoaeaoeaiue ieaa?eo).
Na?aea/ii-ninoaeenoay iaaeinoaoi/iinoue i?aeiouanoaaiii ii
i?aaiaeaeoaei/eiaiio oeio.
Aeeooa?aioeeaeueiue aeeaaiic ino?iai eiino?eeoeaiiai ia?eea?aeeoa:
Ea?aeeiieiiaoee.
Yiaeiea?aeeou ?acee/iie yoeieiaee.
Ieiea?aeeou.
O?iie/aneia eaai/iia na?aeoea.
O?iiaiyiaieey eaai/iie a?oa?ee.
Ia?ae/iay eaai/iay aeia?oaicey.
O?iie/aneee aaiaoeo, oee??ic ia/aie.
Ea/aiea ino?iai eiino?eeoeaiiai ia?eea?aeeoa:
Yoeio?iiiia;
Oe?o?ae/aneia (ia?eea?aeyeoiiey), oeo/oaiea iaaethaeaaony /a?ac 6
iaaeaeue iinea iia?aoeee.
O?iie/aneea ia?eea?aeeou.
O?iie/aneea ia?eea?aeeou an?a/athony ?aaeei.
Aeey aeeaaiinoeee o?iie/aneiai ia?eea?aeeoa eiatho cia/aiea:
Aiee a a?oaeiie eeaoea, iaeuoea i?e iaa?ocea.
Ionoonoaea eeoi?aaeee.
Ino?ue yennoaeaoeaiue ia?eea?aeeo a aiaiiaca.
ssaeaiey iieena?iceoa.
Neiioiiu i?aaiaeaeoaei/eiaie iaaeinoaoi/iinoe e aaiiciiai canoiy
(oeeaiic aoa, iina, ioaee ia iiaao, iaaooaiea oaeiuo aai, oaaee/aiea
ia/aie), aucaaiiua o?iie/aneie oaiiiiaaeie na?aeoea.
?aiaaiieiae/anee: ia?eea?aeeaeueiua n?auaiey i?e neei/eaii ia?eea?aeeoa,
ooieuaiea ia?eea?aea aei 3-10 ii i?e eiino?eeoeaiii ia?eea?aeeoa,
“iaioee?iia na?aeoea”.
Ionoonoaea ino?ioaciauo eciaiaiee a e?iae.
Ineiaeiaiey o?iie/aneeo ia?eea?aeeoia:
Oioaeueiay na?aea/iay iaaeinoaoi/iinoue.
O?ioe/aneea ?anno?ienoaa ia eiia/iinoyo (aei yca).
Aeeooa?aioeeaeueiue aeeaaiic o?iie/aneeo ia?eea?aeeoia:
N i?aaiaeaeoaei/eiaie iaaeinoaoi/iinoueth i?e yiaeiea?aeeoao ?acee/iie
yoeieiaee.
A?iaeaeaiiuie ii?ieaie na?aeoea.
Ea?aeeiieiiaoeyie.
Eioa?eoii ieiea?aea i?aaiai aeaeoaei/ea eee eaaiai aeaeoaei/ea n
ia?oi?aoeeae iaaeaeaeoaei/eiaie ia?aai?iaeee.
Aiaa?eciie na?aeoea.
Ea/aiea o?iie/aneeo ia?eea?aeeoia:
I?eiaiyaony yoeio?iiiia ea/aiea: aioeaeioeee, ianoa?ieaeiua
i?ioeaiainiaeeoaeueiua i?aia?aou, aetheiei?oeeieaeu; neiioiia-oe/aneea
n?aaenoaa: iaoaaiee/aneay oa?aiey, ei??aeoeey aaiiaeeiaieee. Iia?aoeaiia
ea/aiea: ia?eea?aeyeoiiey.
Aeeniaina?iia iaaethaeaiea aieueiuo, ia?aianoeo ino?ue ia?eea?aeeo e
no?aaeathueo o?iie/aneei ia?eea?aeeoii, o oa?aiaaoa, ea?aeeieiaa e
ea?aeeioe?o?aa. I?e ia?anoaiee i?eciaeia na??aea/iie iaaeinoaoi/iinoe
o?aaoony n?i/iay eiinoeueoaoeey ea?aeeioe?o?aa.
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