E?IAIOA*AIEss O AeAOAE N ssCAAIIIE AIEACIUeTH
AeAAIAAeOeAOEIA?NOIIE EEOEE
I?ioanni? A.I.Cai?oaeiia
Caa. eaoaae?ie iaaeeao?ee n aeaoneeie eioaeoeeyie oaeoeueoaoa
oniaa?oainoaiaaiey a?a/ae ?inneeneiai ainoaea?noaaiiiai oieaa?neoaoa
Aeaaiue iaaeeao? Aeaia?oaiaioa cae?aaiio?aiaiey a.Iineau
Ia?yaeo n ?inoii caaieaaaiee i?aaiia ieuaaa?aiey a aeaoneii aic?anoa,
iaiaoeeanue oaiaeaioeey e oaaee/aieth /enea ineiaeiaiee. A iineaaeiea
aiaeu eiaao ianoi ?ino ycaaiiie aieacie, o iaeioi?uo aeaoae n ?acaeoeai
oaeeo ineiaeiaiee eae ia?eaenoea?eou, iaiao?aoeey, ia?oi?aoeey. Iaeiei
ec oyaeaeuo ineiaeiaiee, i?aaenoaaeythueo ?aaeueioth oa?ico aeey aeecie
aieueiiai ?aaaiea, yaeythony aeaeoaei/ii-eeoa/iua e?iaioa/aiey. O aeaoae
eae e o ac?ineuo ian/eouaaaony ianeieueei aeanyoeia i?e/ei aicieeiiaaiey
noieue a?iciiai ineiaeiaiey.
Niaeanii nia?aiaiiui aicc?aieyi, aeaeoaei/ii-eeoa/iua e?iaioa/aiey
(AEEE) iiae?acaeaeytho ia:
.sscaaiiua
.Iaycaaiiua
.Eiaeiua e
.Iaonoaiiaeaiiie yoeieiaee.
Aei iaaeaaiaai a?aiaie n/eoaeinue, /oi i?aeoe/anee ana AEEE ec aa?oieo
ioaeaeia ieuaaa?eoaeueiiai o?aeoa o aeaoae naycaiu n ycaaiiie
aieaciueth. Oai ia iaiaa, i/aaeaeai ?ino iaycaaiiuo ii iaoaiecio
aicieeiiaaiey e?iaioa/aiee. Niioiioaiea ycaaiiuo e iaycaaiiuo AEEE ii
iaoei aeaiiui ninoaaeyao 2 : 1.
Iniiaiuie i?e/eiaie ycaaiiuo AEEE yaeythony:
.Ino?ay ycaa eee ecuycaeaiey neecenoie iaiei/ee aeaeoaeea e
aeaaiaaeoeaoeia?noiie eeoee
.O?iie/aneay ycaa (ycau) aeaaiaaeoeaoeia?noiie eeoee e aeaeoaeea
.Iaioe/aneay ycaa (ycau) aeaeoaei/ii-eeoa/iiai aianoiiica.
Iaycaaiiua AEEE aieaa ?aciiia?aciu, o?aaotho cia/eoaeueiiai iauaia
aeeaaiinoe/aneeo enneaaeiaaiee e ea/aaiuo ia?ii?eyoee. O aeaoae, ii
iaoei aeaiiui, i?e/eiaie iaycaaiiuo AEEE yaeythony ii?oaeueiay
aeia?oaicey, a?uaea ieuaaiaeiiai ioaa?noey aeeao?aaiu, y?iceaiue
aaii??aae/aneee aano?eo (aeoiaeaieo), iieeiic aeaeoaeea, aeoiaeaiaeueiue
noac, oae iacuaaaiua ?aaeeea caaieaaaiey aeaeoaei/ii-eeoa/iiai o?aeoa –
neiae?ii Iaeei?e – Aaenna, aieaciue ?aiaeth – Aaaa?a – Inea?a, neiae?ii
Iaeooea – Aaa?na, ninoaeenoua yeoacee eeoa/ieea e ae?.
Ia?ainoaiaiiia cia/aiea i?eia?aoaao aeeooa?aioeeaoeey ycaaiiuo e
iaycaaiiuo AEEE, iineieueeo iineaaeiea eiatho ?acee/iua iaoiaaiaoe/aneea
iniaaiiinoe, o?oaeiu a aeeaaiinoe/aneii ieaia, ionoonoaotho aaeeiua
oa?aiaaoe/aneea, a oaeaea oe?o?ae/aneea iiaeoiaeu.
Ia iniiaaiee nianoaaiiuo aeaiiuo onoaiiaeai ?yae aeeaaiinoe/aneeo
?acee/ee ycaaiiuo e iaycaaiiuo AEEE.
Iniiaiay oeaeue ianoiyuaai niiauaiey – ii?aaeaeeoue no?oeoo?o,
iniaaiiinoe eeeie/aneeo i?iyaeaiee, aeeaaiinoeee, ea/aiey e i?ioeeaeoeee
ycaaiiuo AEEE a aeaoneii aic?anoa.
N?aaee aieueiuo i?aiaeaaeaee aeaoe n ycaaiiie aieaciueth
aeaaiaaeoeaoeia?noiie eeoee, cia/eoaeueii ?aaea ano?a/aeanue ycaaiiay
aieaciue aeaeoaeea. Iaeiaei ia aoi?ii ianoa a no?oeoo?a e?iaioa/aiee
auee ino?ua aano?iaeoiaeaiaeueiua ycau. Iniaue eioa?an i?aaenoaaeyao
ycaaiiay aieaciue (i?aaeaea anaai aeaaiaaeoeaoeia?noiie eeoee), oae eae
ia/eiaynue a aeaoneii aic?anoa, caaieaaaiea i?eia?aoaao i?ia?aaeeaioiia
oa/aiea, iiaeao ineiaeiyoueny e?iaioa/aieai e i?eaiaeeoue e ?aiiae
eiaaeeaeecaoeee. Ianiio?y ia oi, /oi aano?iyioa?ieiae/aneea caaieaaaiey
/aua ano?a/athony o eeoe aeaineiai iiea, e?iaioa/aiey aicieeatho
i?aeiouanoaaiii o iaeue/eeia.
Eeeie/aneea i?iyaeaiey ino?i aicieeoaai e?iaioa/aiey o aeaoae n ycaaiiie
aieaciueth oa?aeoa?eciaaeenue eeanne/aneie o?eaaeie neiioiiia: e?iaaaie
?aioie (48%) /aua ii oeio “eioaeiie aoue”, iaeaiie (77%), ninoaeenoui
eieeainii (65%) ?acee/iie noaiaie au?aaeaiiinoe. *anoioa aiaoieo eee
yaiuo i?eciaeia auea ?acee/iie. E?iaaaay ?aioa eae aaeeinoaaiiue neiioii
e?iaioa/aiey ano?a/aeanue ioiineoaeueii ?aaeei ( o 10%). Iaeaia,
iai?ioea, iaaethaeaeanue a 4 ?aca /aua, /ai ?aioa. Iaeiia?aiaiiia
iaee/ea iaeaiu e ?aiou auei o 38% aieueiuo aeaoae.
Eiaeenue iniaaiiinoe e?iaioa/aiee. *aua aeaoe iinooiaee a eeeieeo a
nayce n aia?aua aicieeoai AEEE: iaeiie?aoiia e?iaioa/aiea auei o 63%
aeaoae n ycaaiiie aieaciueth aeaaiaaeoeaoeia?noiie eeoee, iiiaie?aoiia
eee ?aoeeaeeaiia (io 2 aei 5 e aieaa ?ac) – o 37%. Ii/oe o eaaeaeiai
iyoiai ?aaaiea e?iaioa/aiea yaeeinue aeaathoii caaieaaaiey, i eioi?ii
?aiaa ia iiaeic?aaaee aieueiua e eo ?iaeeoaee. Iaaacuioa?anii, /oi ie
iaeei ?aaaiie n iaeiie?aoiui e?iaioa/aieai ia iieo/ae aeieaoi?u I2
-?aoeaioi?ia aenoaieia (oeeiaoeaeei, caioae e ae?.).
Ne?uoia e?iaioa/aiea, onoaiiaeaiiia yiaeineiie/anee, auei o eaaeaeiai
7-8 ?aaaiea n ssAeIE. O iaeioi?uo aieueiuo e?iaioa/aiea i?ioaeaei noieue
cia/eoaeueii e no?aieoaeueii, /oi yoi i?eaiaeeei e iaii?i/iiio
ninoiyieth e iioa?a niciaiey. N/eoaaony, /oi iineaaeiaa
naeaeaoaeuenoaoao i oyaeanoe AEEE, iacaaeneii io o?iaiy IOeE.
O eaaeaeiai 4-ai aieueiiai ioia/aeny neiioii Aa?aiaia, eiaaea ia aunioa
e?iaioa/aiey eeai n?aco iinea iaai noaiiaeeny aeinooiiui iaeueiaoeee
aeeaio. Iaoaieci yoiai i?eciaea ia ynai. I?aaeiieaaaaony ?aceia
iuaea/eaaiea aeaeoaei/iie n?aaeu eceeaoaeny a iieinoue e?iaueth.
Aeiioneaaony ?ieue ?aaoeyoi?iuo iaioeaeia, a /anoiinoe yiaeiaaiiuo
iieaoia (yieaoaeeiia). Neaaeoao ioiaoeoue au?aaeaiiua iae?i-aaaaoaoeaiua
e ineoi-yiioeeiiaeueiua eciaiaiey eiaiii o aeaoae n ycaaiiie aieaciueth.
Ia?auaei aieiaiea iaee/ea yaiiai eee ne?uoiai aaii??aae/aneiai aeeaoaca
(21%): o?iiaioeeoiiaoei, aieacie Aeeeaa?aiaea, aaiioeeee. O iaeiiai
?aaaiea n ycaaiiie aieaciueth, i?ioaeaaoae ioiineoaeueii iaoyaeaei,
eiaeenue iiaoi?iua AEEE. Niinianoaiaaei yoiio iaee/ea neiae?iia
Yea?na-Aeaieina. Iaeaieaa oyaeaeui e?iaioa/aiea auei o iaeue/eea 11 eao
n neiae?iiii Cieeeiaa?a-Yeeeniia. Ii aeoaeueiui iieacaieyi auea
auiieiaia iia?aoeey.
O aeaoae n iaeiie?aoiui AEEE ?aioa e iaeaia ioia/aeanue ?aaea, /ai i?e
?aoeeaeeaiii oa?aeoa?a e?iaioa/aiey. Iioa?y niciaiey, iai?ioea, auea
?aaea o aieueiuo n iiaoi?iuie AEEE. Iaaei iieaaaoue, yoi iaoneiaeaii
?acaeoeai eiiiainaoi?iuo iaoaieciia, a oaeaea ineoieiae/aneie
iano?iaiiinoueth aeaoae, oaea ia?aianoeo iaeiaaeaeu no?ann.
Iaoiaaiac AEEE neiaeiue e aei neo ii? ieii/aoaeueii ia onoaiiaeai. Ia
aucuaaao niiiaiey ?ieue eeneioii-iaioe/aneiai oaeoi?a, aaeaa ee ia
naiiai aa?anneaiiai ec anao aeieacaiiuo oaeoi?ia oeueoea?iaaiaca.
Ia?auaao aieiaiea aunieee o?iaaiue aacaeueiie aeaeoaei/iie nae?aoeee
(AAI), aeinoeaaaoee o iaeioi?uo aieueiuo 10-12 e aeaaea 15-17 iiieue/e.
Iieacaoaee AAI auee iaeaieaa aunieeie a neo/aa eieaeecaoeee enoi/ieea
e?iaioa/aiey ii caaeiae noaiea eoeiaeoeu aeaaiaaeoeaoeia?noiie eeoee.
Ia iniiaaiee eeeieei-eaai?aoi?iuo e yiaeineiie/aneeo enneaaeiaaiee
ii?aaeaeaiu iaaeaaii?eyoiua a i?iaiinoe/aneii ioiioaiee i?eciaee AEEE:
.”aeaeeiue” (a??ice?iaaiiue) ninoae;
.?acia?u ycau aieaa: 5 ii i?e aeoiaeaiaeueiie eieaeecaoeee, 15 ii – i?e
aeaeoaei/iie eieaeecaoeee;
.eieaeecaoeey ycau: ii caaeiae noaiea eoeiaeoeu e ii iaeie e?eaecia
aeaeoaeea;
.aacaeueiay aeaeoaei/iay nae?aoeey (AAI) aieaa 5 iiieue/e;
.aaii??aae/aneee aeeaoac.
Ethaia ino?i aicieeoaa e?iaioa/aiea o?aaoao aacioeaaaoaeueiuo
ia?ii?eyoee. Yoi oieiae, aieiae e iieie. O?ainii?oe?iaea aieueiiai
oieueei ia iineeeao. Aeaeaa a noaoeeiia?a inouanoaeyaony iieiue
ea/aaii-aeeaaiinoe/aneee eiiieaen.
I?e iai?ae?auathuainy e?iaioa/aiee a?a/-yiaeineiieno i?iaiaeeo aaiinoac
yiaeineiie/aneee, ii aiciiaeiinoe aaiinoac yiaeiaaneoey?iue, a
iineaaeiea aiaeu iieo/athuee ana aieueoaa ?ani?ino?aiaiea a eeeie/aneie
i?aeoeea. Aieueoia cia/aiea eiaao aaiinoac oa?aiaaoe/aneee, a /anoiinoe
aioo?eaaiiia aaaaeaiea oaeoi?ia naa?ouaaiey e?iae, naiaeinoaoeia
(niiaoinoaoeia), a oaeaea aeieaoi?ia I2 -?aoeaioi?ia aenoaieia –
?aieoeaeeia (Caioae) e ae?.
Aeey inoaiiaee e?iaioa/aiey eniieuecothony iauaecaanoiua oa?aiaaoe/aneea
e oe?o?ae/aneea iaoiaeu ea/aiey.
Ana aeaoe, ia?aianoea e?iaioa/aiea, iiaeeaaeao yoaiiiio ea/aieth e
iaaethaeaieth. Ia?yaeo n aeeaoioa?aieae, ?aoathuaa cia/aiea
i?eiaaeeaaeeo iaaeeeaiaioiciiio ea/aieth e i?aaeaea anaai aaeaeaaoiiio
auai?o aioenae?aoi?iuo eaea?noaaiiuo n?aaenoa. Yoi aeieaoi?u I2
-?aoeaioi?ia aenoaieia, aeeth/ay ?aieoeaeei (Caioae).
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