6
1. I?aaeeneiaea.
Yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneee iaoiae – iaoiae ?aaeno?aoeee e aiaeeca
aeiyeaeo?e/aneeo i?ioeannia /aeiaaea e aeeaioiuo–iaoae aanueia oe?ieia
i?eiaiaiea a eeeie/aneie i?aeoeea, oeceieiae/aneii yenia?eiaioa,
aaeaoeeiiiie e einie/aneie iaaeeoeeia, enneaaeiaaieyo ii oeceieiaee
o?oaea e nii?oa. Noieue oe?ieia i?eiaiaiea yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneiai iaoiaea
iauyniyaony oai, /oi ii iicaieyao iieo/eoue oeaiioth eioi?iaoeeth i
ii?iaeueiie eee iaoieiae/aneie aeayoaeueiinoeoeaiae, i?aaiia e nenoai. A
iaaeeoeeia yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneee iaoiae ca?aeiiaiaeiaae naay eae aaaeiue
aeeaaiinoe/aneee iaoiae. Oae, ie iaeii ea?aeeieiae/aneia enneaaeiaaiea
ia i?iaiaeeony oaia?ue aac ouaoaeueiiai aiaeeca yeaeo?e/aneie aeoeaiinoe
na?aeoea aieueiiai. Oeaiiua aeeaaiinoe/aneea aeaiiua aeatho
enneaaeiaaieyyeaeo?e/aneie aeoeaiinoe iicaa e iuooe e ae?…
Aieueoei aeinoieinoaii yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneiai iaoiaea i?e eniieueciaaiee a
eeeieea yaeyaony aai aacaieaciaiiinoue. Oe?ieiio i?eiaiaieth
yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneiai iaoiaea niaeaenoaiaaei eniieueciaaiea a oaoieea
yeaeo?ia?aoee iineaaeieo aeinoeaeaiee yeaeo?iieee. Nia?aiaiiua
yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneea onoaiiaee, iaania/eaathuea iiiaieaiaeueioth
?aaeno?aoeeth aeiyeaeo?e/aneeo i?ioeannia e aaoiiaoe/aneee aiaeec
yeaeo?ia?aii , i?aaenoaaeytho niaie aanueia niaa?oaiiua, ii aeiaieueii
neiaeiua ono?ienoaa. Eaeeie aea ciaieyie yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneie oaoieee
aeieaeiu iaeaaeaoue yeaeo?ioeceieia e a?a/, eniieuecothuea
yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneoth aiia?aoo?o a naiae iianaaeiaaiie ?aaioa? Neaaeoao ee
ei ciaoue yoo aiia?aoo?o oae aea oi?ioi, eae e eiaeaia?ai e oaoieeai,
caieiathueiny aa ?ac?aaioeie e yenieoaoaoeeae, eee iiaeii oeaeeeii
iieiaeeoueny ia eiaeaia?ia e oaoieeia e aiana ia ciaoue oa?aeoa?enoee e
aiciiaeiinoae aiia?aoo?u? Iao?oaeii iieacaoue, /oi ia?aia
iaaiciiaeii, a aoi?ia iaaeiionoeii. A naiii aeaea, anee au
yeaeo?ioeceieia e a?a/, iieuecothueany yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneei iaoiaeii,
iiiuoaeenue aeoaiei eco/eoue yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneoth oaoieeo , oi o ieo ia
oaaoeei au a?aiaie ia naith iniiaioth ?aaioo. Iaciaiea aea eie
iniiaiuoaeaiiuo yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneie onoaiiaee e aa oa?aeoa?enoee ia
iicaieyao niciaoaeueii e iieiinoueth aa eniieueciaaoue.
Yeaeo?ioeceieia e a?a/ aeieaeiu /aoei i?aaenoaaeyoue naaa i?eioeei
aeaenoaey yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneie onoaiiaee , aeaoaeueii ciaoue aa
oa?aeoa?enoeee, oiaoue ono?aiyoue i?inoaeoea iaeni?aaiinoe. E?iia
oiai, ei iaiaoiaeeii oiaoue ioee/aoue enneaaeoaioth aeiyeaeo?e/aneoth
aeoeaiinoue io a?oaoaeoia, iaoiaeeoue ia yeaeo?ia?aiia ?acoeueoaou
aicaeaenoaey iiiao, ciaoue e oiaoue i?eiaiyoue niiniau, ono?aiythuea
a?oaoaeou e iiiaoeyeaeo?ia?aoee. Iie aeieaeiu oaeaea auoue ciaeiiu n
iiauie iai?aaeaieyie ai?eiaiaiee yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneie oaoieee, n
ia?niaeoeaaie aa ?acaeoey.
1.1. Aaaaeaiea.
Yeaeo?ioeceieiae/aneea iaoiaeu iicaieytho eco/aoue oeceieiae/aneea
i?ioeannu, i?ienoiaeyuea a i?aaiao e oeaiyo a ii?ia e iaoieiaee, iooai
enneaaeiaaiey i?ioaeathueo a ieo aeiyeaeo?e/aneeo i?ioeannia e iooai eo
noeioeyoeeeyeaeo?e/aneei oieii. Yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneee iaoiae yaeyaony
iaeiei ec iaeaieaa yooaeoeaiuo niiniaia enneaaeiaaiey oeceieiae/aneeo
i?ioeannia. Ecaanoii, /oi ooieoeey i?aaia i?iyaeyaony, ai-ia?auo,
niaoeeoe/aneei ?aai/ei yooaeoii (nie?auaiea , nae?aoeey e o. i.) e,
ai-aoi?uo, ?yaeii iaueo aeey oeaiae ianiaoeeoe/aneeo oeceei-oeie/aneeo
eciaiaiee (eioaineaiinoue iaiaiiuo i?ioeannia, oaieiia?aciaaiea,
aeiyeaeo?e/aneay aeoeaiinoue e ae?.). Oaeei ia?acii, a ?yaea neo/aaa
ninoiyiea e ?aai/ea aiciiaeiinoe i?aaia iiaeii ioeaieaaoue eae ii
niaoeeoe/aneiio, ?aai/aio yooaeoo, oae e ii nii?iaiaeaeathuae aai
aeiyeaeo?e/aneie aeoeaiinoe. Iai?eia?, i ?aai/eo aiciiaeiinoyo na?aeoea
iiaeii noaeeoue ia oieueei ii aai i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe, ii oaeaea e ii
aai yeaeo?e/aneie aeoeaiinoe. I. A. Aaaaeaineei auea onoaiiaeaia
caeiiiia?iinoue , naeaeaoaeuenoaothuay i ei??aeyoeee iaaeaeo
ooieoeeiiaeueiuie (oai aieaa iaoieiae/aneeie) eciaiaieyie a oeaiyo e
i?aaiao e eciaiaieyie eo aeiyeaeo?e/aneie aeoeaiinoe. Iiaeoaa?aeaeaiiay
iaiaeiie?aoii, yoa caeiiiia?iinoue eaaea a iniiao yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneiai
iaoiaea. Iaeiaei yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneee iaoiae iicaieyao iieo/aoue
eioi?iaoeeth ia oieueei a oao neo/ayo, eiaaea aeiyeaeo?e/aneay
aeoeaiinoue nii?iaiaeaeaao niaoeeoe/aneee yooaeo i?aaia (nie?auaiea
iuooeu e na?aeoea, nae?aoi?iay e iioi?iay aeoeaiinoue aeaeoaeea e
ae?.),ii e a oao neo/ayo , eiaaea iieo/eoue aeaiiua ia yoii
niaoeeoe/aneii yooaeoa ae?oaeie iaoiaeaie ia oaeaaony.
Yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneee iaoiae iicaieyao iieo/eoue naaaeaiey i i?ioiaeaeaiee
aieiu aicaoaeaeaiey ii ia?ao, eioi?iaoeeth i aeeciaaeayoaeueiinoe iicaa
aac enneaaeiaaiey oa?aeoa?a e iniaaiiinoae inouanoaeyaiuo ei ?aoeaenia
e, iaeiiaoe, aeaiiua i iiaeaioiaea iuooeu e auiieiaieth nie?aoeoaeueiiai
i?ioeanna e ae?. Ia?aaeei i?aaenoaaeaiea i ninoiyiee i?aaia eee
nenoaiu iiaeao auoue onoaiiaeaii ii eciaiaieth ii?yaeea neaaeiaaiey
eiioeuenia yeaeo?e/aneie aeoeaiinoe.Yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneee iaoiae iicaieyao
?aaeno?e?iaaoue niiioaiioth eee oiiiaoth yeaeo?e/aneoth aeoeaiinoue e
aeiiioaioeeaeu, yaeythueany ioaaoii ia ooieoeeiiaeueioth iaa?oceo,
iai?eia? noeioeyoeeth. Aanueia aaaeiui aeey iaaeeoeeineiai
i?eiaiaiey yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneiai iaoiaea yaeyaony oio oaeo, /oi
aeiyeaeo?e/aneay aeoeaiinoue i?aaia iiaeao auoue ca?aaeno?e?iaaia ia
oieueei i?e iaeiaeaiee yeaeo?iaeia iaiin?aaenoaaiii ia iaai, ii e n
eiaee enneaaeoaiiai. Oaeei ia?acii, i?aaeiaoii yeaeo?ia?aoee
ioaaouaathony aii?inu eiaeeeaoeee, ?aaeno?aoeee e aiaeeca
aeiyeaeo?e/aneie aeoeaiinoe oeaiae, i?aaiia e nenoai,i?iaiaeeiua n
oeaeueth eco/aiey eae nianoaaiii aeiyeaeo?e/aneeo i?ioeannia, oae e
oeceieiae/aneeo i?ioeannia , eioi?ua iie nii?iaiaeaeatho e io?aaeatho.
Oniaoe a ?acaeoee oaoieee yeaeo?ia?aoee ai iiiaii ii?aaeaeytho ?acaeoea
naiiai yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneiai iaoiaea.2.1. Noaia ?aaeno?aoeee
aeiyeaeo?e/aneeo i?ioeannia /aeiaaea I?aaeaea /ai iienuaaoue
ioaeaeueiua yeaiaiou yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneie onoaiiaee, iaiaoiaeeii
i?aaenoaaeoue naaa iauoth noaio ?aaeno?aoeee aeiyeaeo?e/aneeo i?ioeannia
aieueiiai a oneiaeyo eeeieee, oynieoue iacia/aiea eaaeaeiai yeaiaioa
yoie noaiu e eo acaeiinaycue. N yoie oeaeueth ?anniio?ei noaio
?aaeno?aoeee aeiyeaeo?e/aneeo i?ioeannia /aeiaaea, iieacaiioth ia ?en.
1. Yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneay onoaiiaea aeeth/aao yeaeo?iaeu 5, yeaeo?iaeiua
i?iaiaea 6, aeie ia?aeeth/aoaeae (eiiiooaoi?) yeaeo?iaeia 7, eaeea?aoi?
iai?yaeaiey 8,ono?ienoai aeey ecia?aiee iaaeaeoyeaeo?iaeiiai
nii?ioeaeaiey 9, oneeeoaee 10,?aaeno?aoi?u 11, aoiaeyuea a ninoaa
inoeeeeia?aoa 12, aiaeecaoi? yeaeo?e/aneie aeoeaiinoe 13 e noeioeyoi?
14. I?aai 1, yeaeo?e/aneay aeoeaiinoue eioi?iai enneaaeoaony, eae e
i?aaiu 2, iaee/ea yeaeo?e/aneie aeoeaiinoe eioi?uo iaoaao aiaeeco
ia?aie, i?aaenoaaeytho niaie naiaia?aciua yeaeo?e/aneea aaia?aoi?u,
eioi?ua , eae e oece/aneea yeaeo?e/aneea aaia?aoi?u, oa?aeoa?ecothony
?acaeaaaiie eie yeaeo?iaeaeaeouae neeie (YAeN) e aioo?aiiei
nii?ioeaeaieai. YAeN a naith i/a?aaeue oa?aeoa?ecoaony aiieeooaeie,
oi?iie e aeeaiaciiii /anoio. I?iaeooee?oaiay i?aaiaie YAeN
ieceiaiieeooaeia (ouny/iua aeiee aieueoa e iaiueoa). Oi?ia YAeN aanueia
?aciiia?acia. Aeeaiacii /anoio aeiyeaeo?e/aneeo aeoeaiinoae i?inoe?aaony
io iinoiyiiuo iai?yaeaiee aei aeanyoeia eeeiaa?oe…YAeN,
i?iaeooee?oaiay i?aaiii 1, aucuaaao a niaaeeieoaeueiuo oeaiyo 8 e a
eiaea 4 aeioiee, eioi?ua nicaeatho ?aciinoue iioaioeeaeia ia iiaa?oiinoe
eiaee 4, io?aaeathuoth ana eciaiaiey YAeN naiiai i?aaia 1. Yoa ?aciinoue
iioaioeeaeia e ?aaeno?e?oaony n iiiiuueth yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneie onoaiiaee
ia yeaeo?ia?aiia, eioi?ay, eae ecaanoii , i?aaenoaaeyao niaie
a?aoe/aneia ecia?aaeaiea eciaiaiee ?aciinoe iioaioeeaeia ai a?aiaie a
oi/eao iaeiaeaiey yeaeo?iaeia ia oaei enneaaeoaiiai aieueiiai. N
iiiiuueth yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneie onoaiiaee ?aaeno?e?othony ?aciinoue
iioaioeeaeia iaaeaeo yeaeo?iaeaie , iaeiaeaiiuie ia oeaiue , a ia
aeioiee; caeanue e aeaeaa i?eiaiythony oa?ieiu «aeiiai?yaeaiea» e
«oneeeoaeue aeiiai?yaeaiee», a ia «aeioiee» e «oneeeoaeue aeioieia».
Iieo/eoue yeaeo?ia?aiio caienaiioth i?e iaeiaeaiee yeaeo?iaeia ia eiaeo
4, oiaeaeanoaaiioth YAeN, i?iaeooee?oaiie yeaeo?e/anee aeoeaiui i?aaiai,
oaeaaony eeoue a oii neo/aa, eiaaea o/eouaathony yeaeo?e/aneea
oa?aeoa?enoeee i?aaia 1, yeaeo?e/aneia nii?ioeaeaiea oeaiae 3 e eiaee 4
e oa?aeoa?enoeee naiie yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneie onoaiiaee. Yeaeo?e/aneay
aeoeaiinoue enneaaeoaiiai i?aaia 1 e yeaeo?e/aneea aeoeaiinoe i?aaiia 2,
iaoathuea auyaeoue ia?aoth, nicaeatho a oi/eao iaeiaeaiey yeaeo?iaeia
noiia?ioth ?aciinoue iioaioeeaeia. Iiyoiio enneaaeoy aeiiioaioeeaeu
i?aaia 1 , i?eaaaatho e i?eaiai, iicaieythuei eneeth/eoue eee ineaaeoue
ia yeaeo?ia?aiia a?oaoaeou, aucuaaaiua aeoeaiinoueth i?aaiia 2.
Yeaeo?iaeu 5 yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneie onoaiiaee i?aaeiacia/athony aeey niyoey
enneaaeoaiie ?aciinoe iioaioeeaeia. A caaeneiinoe io iacia/aiey
yeaeo?iaeu auaatho ?acee/iie oi?iu e ieiuaaee. Ninoiyiea eiioaeoa
yeaeo?iae – oaei enneaaeoaiiai /aeiaaea ea?aao ?aoathuoth ?ieue a
iieo/aiee aunieiea/anoaaiiie yeaeo?ia?aiiu aac yeaeo?iaeiuo a?oaoaeoia.
Aeey iieo/aiey oi?ioaai yeaeo?e/aneiai eiioaeoa iaaeaeo yeaeo?iaeii
e oaeii enneaaeoaiiai /aeiaaea i?eieiathony ia?u aeey oiaiueoaiey
ia?aoiaeiiai nii?ioeaeaiey yeaeo?iae – oaei. Oeenaoeey yeaeo?iaeia
i?iecaiaeeony aanueia ouaoaeueii. Yeaeo?iaeiua i?iaiaea 6
niaaeeiytho yeaeo?iaeu 5 n yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneie onoaiiaeie. I?e
enneaaeiaaiee yeaeo?e/aneie aeoeaiinoe i?aaiia e oeaiae /aeiaaea /anoi
auaaao iaiaoiaeeii caienaoue eiee/anoai i?ioeannia, i?aauoathuaa /enei
eaiaeia ?aaeno?aoeee yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneie onoaiiaee. A oaeeo neo/ayo ia
oaei /aeiaaea iaeeaaeuaaaony iaiaoiaeeiia /enei yeaeo?iaeia 5, eioi?ua n
iiiiuueth aeiea ia?aeeth/aoaeae (eiiiooaoi?a) yeaeo?iaeia 7
iineaaeiaaoaeueii iiaeeeth/atho e yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneie onoaiiaea.
Ia?aeeth/aoaee (eiiiooaoi?) yeaeo?iaeia iaania/eaatho iiaeeeth/aiea
ethaiai yeaeo?iaea e ethaiio eaiaeo ?aaeno?aoeee , /anoe yeaeo?iaeia – e
naiae a?oiia eaiaeia eee iiaoo inouanoaeyoue ii?aaeaeaiioth, ca?aiaa
aua?aiioth eiiaeiaoeeth iiaeeeth/aiey yeaeo?iaeia e eaiaeai ?aaeno?aoeee
n iiiiuueth iiai?ioa iaeiie ?o/ee. Iaiouaieaiie /anoueth
yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneie onoaiiaee yaeyaony oaeaea eaeea?aoi? iai?yaeaiey 8, n
iiiiuueth eioi?iai ia yeaeo?ia?aiio iaiineony ianooaa iai?yaeaiey aeey
oiai, /oiau, n?aaieaay n iei, iiaeii auei au ioeaieoue aiieeooaeo
aeiiai?yaeaiee. Ianooaa iai?yaeaiey («eaeea?iaea») iaiinyo ia
yeaeo?ia?aiio a ia/aea eee a eiioea enneaaeiaaiey, a a iaeioi?uo neo/ayo
a i?ioeanna caiene.Ecia?aiea iaaeaeoyeaeo?iaeiiai nii?ioeaeaiey
i?iecaiaeyo n iiiiuueth ono?ienoaa. ?aaeno?aoi?u e iaei/oanoaeoaeueiu e
o?aaotho oneeaiey aeiiai?yaeaiee, inouanoaeyaiiai n iiiiuueth oneeeoaeae
10. Inoeeeeia?ao 12 ninoieo: ec 1) ?aaeno?aoi?ia 11, 2) eaiou, ia
eioi?oth n eo iiiiuueth iaiineony a?aoe/aneia ecia?aaeaiea enneaaeoaiuo
i?ioeannia, 3) eaioii?ioyaeiiai iaoaiecia, iaania/eaathuaai ?aaiiia?iia
aeaeaeaiea eaiou, 4) ioiao/eea a?aiaie , iaiinyuaai ioiaoee ia eaioo, e
5) ono?ienoaa aecoaeueiiai iaaethaeaiey ca enneaaeoaiuie i?ioeannaie
ia?aae caienueth eo ia eaioa. Aeey oiai /oiau onoaiiaeoue ?aaeoeeth
aeiyeaeo?e/aneeo ioaaoia ia noeioeu ?acee/iie oece/aneie i?e?iaeu,
iaiaoiaeeii ia eaioo inoeeeeia?aoa 12, e?iia enneaaeoaiuo i?ioeannia e
ioiaoie a?aiaie, iaiineoue oaeaea ioiaoee i iiaea/a ?acae?aaeaiee io
noeioeyoi?a 14. Yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneay onoaiiaea iiaeao auoue auiieiaia
ec ioaeaeueiuo aeieia (aeie ia?aeeth/aoaeae yeaeo?iaeia 7, oneeeoaee
aeiiai?yaeaiee 10 e inoeeeeia?ao 12) eeai i?aaenoaaeyoue niaie aaeeioth
eiino?oeoeeth, ninoiyuoth ec ia?a/eneaiiuo aeieia. E?eaay
yeaeo?e/aneie aeoeaiinoe eaeiai-eeai i?aaia ia anaaaea io?aaeaao
iaoieiae/aneea eciaiaiey, eioi?ua iiaoo auoue auyaeaiu i?e aecoaeueiii
aiaeeca. *anoi aeey eo auyaeaiey o?aaoaony i?iecaanoe aieaa aeaoaeueiue
aiaeec yeaeo?ia?aiiu. Aeaoaeueiue aiaeec iaeiie e?eaie yeaeo?ia?aiiu
, i?iaiaeeiue iooai ecia?aiey aiieeooae e aeeeoaeueiinoae aa coaoeia
a?o/ioth, ioieiaao iiiai a?aiaie, a oaeie aiaeec ianeieueeeo e?eauo
ianoieueei o?oaeiaiie, /oi yaeyaony i?aeoe/anee iainouanoaeiui. Yoi e
iaoneiaeei iaiaoiaeeiinoue nicaeaiey aaoiiaoe/aneeo aiaeecaoi?ia
aeiyeaeo?e/aneeo i?ioeannia, i?iecaiaeyueo caienue ?acoeueoaoia aiaeeca
ia oie aea yeaeo?ia?aiia, ia eioi?ie caienuaaaony e aiaeece?oaiay
aeiyeaeo?e/aneay aeoeaiinoue. Aaoiiaoe/aneea aiaeecaoi?u 13
noaiiayony iai?aiaiiie /anoueth yeaeo?iyioeaoaeia?aoe/aneeo e
yeaeo?iieia?aoe/aneeo onoaiiaie. Eioi?iaoeey, iieo/aaiay io
yeaeo?ia?aii, a eioi?uo ca?aaeno?e?iaaiu aeiyeaeo?e/aneea ioaaou ia
aeice?iaaiiua noeioeu, ieacaeanue cia/eoaeueii aiaa/a oaeiaie,
iieo/aaiie io yeaeo?ia?aii , io?aaeathueo «niiioaiioth» aeoeaiinoue…
Iiyoiio a eiiieaeo yeaeo?iyioeaoaeia?aoia e yeaeo?iieia?aoe/aneeo
onoaiiaie aoiaeyo niioaaonoaothuea noeioeyoi?u 14. Ia yeaeo?ia?aiia,
e?iia enneaaeoaiie aeiyeaeo?e/aneie aeoeaiinoe, ?aaeno?e?othony oaeaea
iai?yaeaiey , aucaaiiua enoi/ieeaie iiiao yeaeo?ia?aoee 15, eiathueieny
a ethaii ea/aaiii o/?aaeaeaiee. Iaeiei ec enoi/ieeia iiiao yaeyaony
yeaeo?e/aneay naoue ia?aiaiiiai oiea (inaaoeoaeueiay eee neeiaay).
Nicaeaaaaiia ath yeaeo?e/aneia ia?aiaiiia iiea aicaeaenoaoao ia oaei
enneaaeoaiiai. Ia yeaeo?ia?aiia caienuaaaony ia?aiaiiia iai?yaeaiea
iiiaoe, eioi?ay, iaeeaaeuaaynue ia e?eaoth aeiyeaeo?e/aneie aeoeaiinoe,
eneaaeaao aa. Iiiaoe yeaeo?ia?aoee nicaeathony oaeaea ia?aiaiiuie
iaaieoiuie iieyie, auniei/anoioiuie iieyie e ae?. Anee a i?ioeii
?aaeno?aoeey aeiyeaeo?e/aneeo i?ioeannia /aeiaaea i?iecaiaeeeanue
oieueei a ye?aie?othuae eaia?a (a eiiiaoa, iaeoie iaoaeee/aneeie eenoaie
eee naoeie), eneeth/athuae aeeyiea iiiaeo aeaeia iiiao, oi oaia?ue oaeay
?aaeno?aoeey i?iecaiaeeony aeaaea a iia?aoeeiiiie aac i?eiaiaiey
ye?aie?iaee.
2.2. Aioo?aiiea i?aaiu, oeaie e eiaea eae yeaeo?e/aneea aaia?aoi?u.
Yeaeo?e/aneay aeoeaiinoue i?aaiia e oeaiae iaeaaeaao aaaeiie
eioi?iaoeeae i i?ienoiaeyueo a ieo oeceieiae/aneeo e iaoieiae/aneeo
i?ioeannao. Aeey iieo/aiey yoie eioi?iaoeee neaaeoao ca?aaeno?e?iaaoue
yeaeo?e/aneoth aeoeaiinoue. Iaiaoiaeeii ciaoue yeaeo?e/aneea
oa?aeoa?enoeee «aaia?aoi?ia» (i?aaiia e oeaiae), oae eae aac o/aoa yoeo
oa?aeoa?enoee iaaiciiaeii iaeneaaeaiii ca?aaeno?e?iaaoue
aeiyeaeo?e/aneea i?ioeannu. Anyeee yeaeo?e/aneee aaia?aoi?, a oii
/enea yeaeo?e/anee aeoeaiue i?aai eee oeaiue, oa?aeoa?ecoaony
neaaeothueie ia?aiao?aie: a) oa?aeoa?ii eciaiaiey YAeN ai a?aiaie
(aeeaiaciiii eciaiaiey aiieeooae YAeN , /anoioiui aeeaiaciiii e oi?iie);
a) aioo?aiiei nii?ioeaeaieai. I?aaeaea /ai ?anniio?aoue yoe
ia?aiao?u i?eiaieoaeueii e i?aaiai e oeaiyi, iaiaoiaeeii inoaiiaeoueny
ia iaeioi?uo oa?ieiao. I?e eco/aiee iacaoooathueo neionieaeaeueiuo
eieaaaiee iiae eo aiieeooaeie iiieiatho iaeaieueoaa ioeeiiaiea
eieaaethuaeny aaee/eiu io n?aaeiaai cia/aiey. E?eaua
aeiyeaeo?e/aneie aeoeaiinoe i?aaiia e oeaiae cia/eoaeueii ioee/athony io
neionieaeu e iiyoiio iiae aiieeooaeie a yeaeo?ia?aoee oneiaii iiieiatho
eeai ?aciao eieaaaiee iaaeaeo ieeaie, eeai aaee/eio ioeeiiaiey e?eaie io
n?aaeiae eeiee, /oi, eae i?aaeei , iaiaa?eaatho. Iiae ia?eiaeii
iacaoooathueo neionieaeaeueiuo eieaaaiee – O iiieiatho a?aiy, a oa/aiea
eioi?iai niaa?oaaony iaeii iieiia eieaaaiea; /anoioie – f iacuaaaony
/enei ia?eiaeia ca iaeio naeoiaeo
f = 1/O
(1) Aeiyeaeo?e/aneea i?ioeannu iiaeii oneiaii
?acaeaeeoue ia aeaa a?oiiu – eaaceia?eiaee/aneea (yeaeo?e/aneay
aeoeaiinoue na?aeoea, =?eoi yeaeo?e/aneie aeoeaiinoe iicaa) e
aia?eiaee/aneea (yeaeo?e/aneay aeoeaiinoue iuooe e ae?.). Ii aeaaea a
eaaceia?eiaee/aneeo aeiyeaeo?e/aneeo i?ioeannao ia?eiae ia inoaaony
iaeciaiiui e iiyoiio iiae /anoioie eieaaaiee ioaeii iiieiaoue eo
n?aaeithth /anoioo ca eaeia-oi ii?aaeaeaiiia a?aiy. Eaeeie aea
oa?aeoa?enoeeaie iaeaaeatho oeaie e i?aaiu /aeiaaea e aeeaioiuo, anee eo
?anniao?eaaoue eae yeaeo?e/aneea aaia?aoi?u?I?e aicaoaeaeaiee eeaoee –
yeaiaioa?iiai yeaeo?e/aneiai aaia?aoi?a – aa aicaoaeaeaiiay /anoue
noaiiaeony yeaeo?iio?eoeaoaeueiie ioiineoaeueii iaaicaoaeaeaiiie /anoe e
?aciinoue iioaioeeaeia aeinoeaaao 50 ia. Eeaoee a i?aaiao e oeaiyo
/aeiaaea e aeeaioiuo niaaeeiaiu ia?aeeaeueii, iiyoiio noiia?iay YAeN
aicaoaeaeaiiiai i?aaia aeieaeia auea auoue oiai aea ii?yaeea, /oi e YAeN
eeaoee. Iaeiaei noiia?iay yeaeo?e/aneay aeoeaiinoue eeaoie,
?aaeno?e?oaiay n i?aaia, anaaaea auaaao ieaea yeaeo?e/aneie aeoeaiinoe
ioaeaeueiie eeaoee. Yoi iauyniyaony oai, /oi a i?aaia yeaiaioa?iua
yeaeo?e/aneea aaia?aoi?u – eeaoee, eiathuea ioiineoaeueii aieueoia
aioo?aiiaa nii?ioeaeaiea, ooioe?othony n?aaieoaeueii iaeui
nii?ioeaeaieai iaaeeeaoi/iie aeeaeeinoe , /oi i?eaiaeeo e iuooeiiio
nieaeaieth ?aciinoe iioaioeeaeia, ?acaeaaaiie aicaoaeaeaiiui i?aaiii.
I?e ?aaeno?aoeee aeiyeaeo?e/aneie aeoeaiinoe iuooe e na?aeoea /aeiaaea
n iiiiuueth yeaeo?iaeia, iaeiaeaiiuo ia eiaeo, aiieeooaea eieaaaiee ia
i?aauoaao aaeeieoe ieeeeaieueo, a aiieeooaea yeaeo?e/aneie aeoeaiinoe
iicaa – nioii iee?iaieueo. Oaeei ia?acii, iiaeii naeaeaoue auaiae,
/oi aiieeooaeu eieaaaiee aeiiai?yaeaiee aanueia iaeu e ninoaaeytho
ouny/iua e noiouny/iua aeiee aieueoa. Iaeioi?ua aeaeu
aeiyeaeo?e/aneie aeoeaiinoe oeaiae e i?aaiia yaeythony aia?eiaee/iuie
i?ioeannaie neiaeiie oi?iu (iai?eia?, yeaeo?e/aneay aeoeaiinoue iuooe).
Aeey oiai /oiau ca?aaeno?e?iaaoue yoe i?ioeannu iaeneaaeaiii,
iaiaoiaeeii, /oiau yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneay onoaiiaea iaania/eaaea caienue
niaa?oaiii ii?aaeaeaiiie iieinu /anoio. Eiaiii a yoii niunea aiai?yo,
/oi , iai?eia?, noiia?iay aeiyeaeo?e/aneay aeoeaiinoue iuooeu caieiaao
aeeaiacii /anoio io 1 aei 1000 Aoe. Anee o/anoue, /oi iaeioi?ua
aeiyeaeo?e/aneea i?ioeannu eciaiythony aanueia iaaeeaiii (eiaeiua
iioaioeeaeu), a aeey iaeneaaeaiiiai aini?iecaaaeaiey ae?oaeo
(yeaeo?e/aneay aeoeaiinoue iaeeii/iiai iuoa/iiai aieieia) o?aaoaony
?aaeno?aoeey eieaaaiee a aeanyoee ouny/ aa?oe, oi iiaeii n/eoaoue, /oi
aeiyeaeo?e/aneea i?ioeannu /aeiaaea caieiatho aeeaiacii io iinoiyiiuo
iai?yaeaiee e eio?aieceeo aei ieceeo /anoio aeeth/eoaeueii. I?e
?aaeno?aoeee aeiyeaeo?e/aneeo i?ioeannia /aeiaaea, aioo?aiiei
nii?ioeaeaieai yeaeaaeaioiiai yeaeo?e/aneiai aaia?aoi?a, iai?eia?,
iuooeu, yaeyaony iaaeaeoyeaeo?iaeiia nii?ioeaeaiea, aeeth/athuaa a naay
nii?ioeaeaiea eiaee, ?yaea ae?oaeo oeaiae e nii?ioeaeaiea i?aaia,
yeaeo?e/aneay aeoeaiinoue eioi?iai ?aaeno?e?oaony. Iii caaeneo io ?yaea
oaeoi?ia (neea e oi?ia oiea, ieiuaaeue yeaeo?iaeia, ea/anoai ia?aaioee
eiaee , oaiia?aoo?a aicaeooa e ae?.) e aeinoeaaao aieueoie aaee/eiu.
Ia o?aaiaaiey e yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneei onoaiiaeai, anoanoaaiii, aeeytho
oa?aeoa?enoeee i?aaiia e oeaiae eae yeaeo?e/aneeo aaia?aoi?ia. Oae,
ieceay aiieeooaea aeiyeaeo?e/aneeo i?ioeannia i?aaiia e oeaiae /aeiaaea
aaaeao e oiio, /oi yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneea onoaiiaee aeieaeiu iaeaaeaoue
aanueia aunieie /oanoaeoaeueiinoueth, a eo oneeeoaee – aunieei
eiyooeoeeaioii oneeaiey. Yoe onoaiiaee aeieaeiu oaeaea iaania/eaaoue
iaeneaaeaiioth ?aaeno?aoeeth iinoiyiiuo e iaaeeaiii iaiythueony
?aciinoae iioaioeeaeia, eio?aieceeo e iecei/anoioiuo eieaaaiee
iioaioeeaeia. E, iaeiiaoe, aeey oiai /oiau yeaeo?ia?aiia, caienaiiay
n iiiiuueth yeaeo?iaeia, iaeiaeaiiuo ia eiaeo /aeiaaea, auea
oiaeaeanoaaiia yeaeo?e/aneie aeoeaiinoe enneaaeoaiiai i?aaia, aoiaeiia
nii?ioeaeaiea onoaiiaee aeieaeii auoue ai iiiai ?ac aieueoa, /ai
iaaeaeoyeaeo?iaeiia nii?ioeaeaiea. Yeaeo?e/anee aeoeaiue i?aai
ie?oaeai oeaiyie, yaeythueieny iauaiiui i?iaiaeieeii. ?aciinoue
iioaioeeaeia, i?iaeooee?oaiay i?aaiii, aucuaaao a ie?oaeathueo aai
oeaiyo aeioiee, e, neaaeiaaoaeueii, a iineaaeieo nicaeathony ?aciinoe
iioaioeeaeia, iiaoi?ythuea ana eciaiaiey YAeN yeaeo?e/anee aeoeaiiai
i?aaia. Aeey oiai /oiau ninoaaeoue naaa i?aaenoaaeaiea , eaeea
?aciinoe iioaioeeaeia e iioaioeeaeu i?iaeooee?otho yeaeo?e/anee aeoeaiue
i?aai a ie?oaeathueo aai oeaiyo , iaiaoiaeeii ?anniio?aoue oi?iuaiioth
iiaeaeue.
+A
-A
+A
-A
a
a
-A
+A -A
+A
a
a
?en.2 Eciaiaiea ianoiiieiaeaiey e aaee/eiu
aaeoi?a aeeiiey AA ai a?aiaie.
a-iieiaeaiea aeeiiey e aa6ea/eia ?aciinoe iioaioeeaeia iaaeaeo
iiethnaie aeeiiey
(aeeeia no?aeee) a iiiaio a?aiaie t1;a,a e a – oi aea a
iiiaiou a?aiaie t2,t3 e t4
niioaaonoaaiii.
Yeaeo?iaeu A e A (?en.2) – aeaa i?ioeaiiieiaeiuo ii
ciaeo , ii ?aaiuo ii aaee/eia yeaeo?e/aneeo ca?yaea – ia?acotho oae
iacuaaaiue aeeiieue. Oae eae iaiaoiaeeii auaaao o/anoue eae aaee/eio
?aciinoe iioaioeeaeia iaaeaeo iiethnaie aeeiiey (a iaoai neo/aa iaaeaeo
yeaeo?iaeaie A e A) , oae e iieiaeaiea aeeiiey a i?ino?ainoaa , oi
neiaiee/anee aeeiieue oa?aeoa?ecoaony aaeoi?ii – no?aeeie , iai?aaeaiiie
io io?eoeaoaeueiiai iiethna (yeaeo?iaea) e iieiaeeoaeueiiio , aaee/eia
eioi?ie i?iii?oeeiiaeueia ?aciinoe iioaioeeaeia iaaeaeo iiethnaie
aeeiiey.Anee iiethna aeeiiey iaiiaeaeaeiu , a ?aciinoue iioaioeeaeia
iaaeaeo ieie iaeciaiia , oi aaee/eia e iai?aaeaiea aaeoi?a iaei /oi
aeatho aeey oa?aeoa?enoeee aeeiiey.
Ii a oii neo/aa , eiaaea iaiyaony ai a?aiaie aaee/eia ?aciinoe
iioaioeeaeia aeeiiey e iiethna aeeiiey niauathony a i?ino?ainoaa ,
oieueei aaeoi?ii iiaeii ioa?aeoa?eciaaoue yoe eciaiaiey. Ia ?en.2
iieacaii eciaiaiea iieiaeaiey aaeoi?a aeeiiey , ninoiyuaai ec
yeaeo?iaeia A e A , eioi?ua a?auathony aie?oa ine e ?aciinoue
iioaioeeaeia iaaeaeo eioi?uie oaeaea iaiyaony ai a?aiaie.
?anniio?aiiay iiaeaeue ioee/aaony io yeaeo?e/anee aeoeaiiai i?aaia,
iaoiaeyuaainy a ie?oaeathueo aai oeaiyo a neaaeothuai:1. Yeaeo?e/anee
aeoeaiue i?aai i?iaeooee?otho iau/ii ia iinoiyiiua, a ia?aiaiiua
?aciinoe iioaioeeaeia.2. N?aaea, eioi?ie ie?oaeai i?aai, ia iiaeao auoue
iacaaia iaeii?iaeiie, a iiyoiio eneaaeaao ea?oeio yeaeo?e/aneiai iiey
aie?oa i?aaia.3. A ?yaea neo/aaa yeaeo?e/anee aeoeaiua i?aaiu ia
yaeythony iaiiaeaeaeiuie (iai?eia?, na?aeoea), o. n. ine O-O e O -O
niauathony a i?ino?ainoaa. Ianiio?y ia ia?a/eneaiiua ioee/ey,
?anniio?aiiay oi?iuaiiay iiaeaeue iicaieyao ninoaaeoue i?aaenoaaeaiea i
oa?aeoa?a ?ani?aaeaeaiey iioaioeeaeia aie?oa yeaeo?e/anee aeoeaiiai
i?aaia. Inouanoaeoue oieiiey?iia (iaeiiiiethniia) ioaaaeaiea ia oaea
/aeiaaea ia oaeaaony:1. Iaaiciiaeii iaeoe eeieth ioeaaiai iioaioeeaea
yeaeo?e/aneie aeoeaiinoe enneaaeoaiiai i?aaia ec-ca niauaiey ine O–O a
i?ino?ainoaa (na?aeoea), a oaeaea ec-ca oiai, /oi a iaeioi?uo neo/ayo
yeaeo?e/anee aeoeaiue i?aai (iai?eia?, iuooeu) eiaao aianoi aeaoo
iiethnia, yeaeaaeaioiuo yeaeo?iaeai A e A, ?en. 2, iiiaeanoai oaeeo
iiethnia.2. Ia oaea /aeiaaea iaeuecy iaeoe oi/eo, aeinoaoi/ii
oaeaeaiioth io yeaeo?e/anee aeoeaiiai i?aaia, /oiau iiaeii auei n/eoaoue
iioaioeeae, nicaeaaaaiue ei a yoie oi/ea, ?aaiui ioeth. Iiyoiio auei
i?aaeeiaeaii nicaeaiea eneonnoaaiiie oi/ee ioeaaiai iioaioeeaea –
«on?aaeiaiiiai» iauaai yeaeo?iaea, iieo/aaiiai iooai niaaeeiaiey aianoa
(/a?ac nii?ioeaeaiey) aieueoiai /enea yeaeo?iaeia, iiiauaiiuo ia oaea
enneaaeoaiiai. I?e yoii enoiaeeee ec i?aaeiieiaeaiey, /oi /ai
aieueoa /enei yoeo yeaeo?iaeia, oai aeeaea e ioeth i?eaeeaeaaony eo
noiia?iue iioaioeeae. Aeey oiai /oiau niaaeeiaiea yeaeo?iaeia aianoa
(ei?ioeia caiueaiea) ia ieacuaaei aeeyiey ia ?ani?aaeaeaiea
yeaeo?e/aneiai iiey, yeaeo?iaeu i?eniaaeeiythony e iaoae oi/ea /a?ac
aieueoea nii?ioeaeaiey. I?eia?ii oaeiai «on?aaeiaiiiai» iauaai
yeaeo?iaea iiaeao neoaeeoue niaaeeiaiea yeaeo?iaeia i?e iaeiiiiethniii
a?oaeiii ioaaaeaiee a yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aoee : a?oaeiie yeaeo?iae
niaaeeiyaony n iaeiie aoiaeiie eeaiiie, a yeaeo?iaeu, oe?aieaiiua ia
eiia/iinoyo, /a?ac nii?ioeaeaiey niaaeeiythony n ae?oaie eeaiiie
yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aoa, ia?acoy «on?aaeiaiiue» yeaeo?iae. Oaeie aea
niinia iieo/aiey «on?aaeiaiiiai» iauaai yeaeo?iaea i?eiaiyaony e a
yeaeo?iyioeaoaeia?aoee. Ae?oaay aea eeaiia niaaeeiaia n «on?aaeiaiiui»
yeaeo?iaeii, o. a. ni anaie inoaeueiuie yeaeo?iaeaie /a?ac nii?ioeaeaiey
, eioi?ua aa?oony iiiai aieueoa iaaeaeoyeaeo?iaeiuo nii?ioeaeaiee
(iai?eia?, ?aaiuie 1 Iii). ?aciinoue iioaioeeaeia A iaaeaeo
eca?aiiui iaie yeaeo?iaeii e inoaeueiuie aucuaaao, oie I a nii?ioeaeaiee
R aeaiiiai yeaeo?iaea e a inoaeueiuo nii?ioeaeaieyo, niaaeeiaiiuo
ia?aeeaeueii, /enei eioi?uo aoaeao i– 1 :
I = E / R + R/n-1 = (n-1/n) (E/R)
(2)
Ia aoiae yeaeo?iyioeaoaeia?aoa iiaeaaony iaaeaiea iai?yaeaiey Aao n
nii?ioeaeaiey R, niaaeeiaiiiai n aua?aiiui yeaeo?iaeii (a iaoai neo/aa
e?aeiee ni?aaa): Eao = IR = (n-1/n)E
(3)
Iioaioeeae on?aaeiaiiiai yeaeo?iaea Ei (aa?oiyy eeaiia
yeaeo?iyioeaoaeia?aoa), anoanoaaiii, ia ?aaai ioeth, a iiaeao auoue
au/eneai ii neaaeothuae oi?ioea:
Eo = E – Eao = E – (n-1/n)E = E/n
(4) Iai?eia? , i?e A=100 iea e n=10 , Ai=10 iea , a Aao=90
iea. Ec oi?ioeu (4) aeaeii , /oi iioaioeeae iauae eeaiiu aoaeao aeeceei
ioeth eeoue i?e aieueoii /enea yeaeo?iaeia , ?aaiiia?ii ?aciauaiiuo
aie?oa iaeanoe iaae yeaeo?e/anee aeoeaiui i?aaiii. I?e
aeaooiiethniii ioaaaeaiee iaa yeaeo?iaea yaeythony aeoeaiuie
(aeeooa?aioiuie). Ianoi ?aniieiaeaiey eaaeaeiai yeaeo?iaea aanueia
neeueii aeeyao ia ea?oeio ?aaeno?e?oaiie ?aciinoe iioaioeeaeia.
Eiaaea yeaeo?iaeu ?aniieiaeaiu ia ioiineoaeueii aieueoii ?annoiyiee io
yeaeo?e/anee aeoeaiiai i?aaia e ?annoiyiea iaaeaeo yeaeo?iaeaie iaei,
?aciinoue iioaioeeaeia iaaeaeo ieie i?aeoe/anee aoaeao ?aaia ioeth, oae
eae eciaiaiey iioaioeeaeia aoaeoo i?eoiaeeoue iiae yeaeo?iaeu n
iaeeiaeiauie aiieeooaeaie e oacaie. I?eia?u ?aaeno?aoeee ?aciinoae
iioaioeeaeia, i?iaaaeaiiua ia iiaeaee e eeethno?e?othuea iniaaiiinoe
iaeiiiiethniiai e aeaooiiethniiai ioaaaeaiee, auee inouanoaeaiu Ae. E.
Iaieoeeei (1959). Aeaoaeueiue aiaeec iicaieyao onoaiiaeoue
?aniieiaeaiea iiethnia yeaeo?e/anee aeoeaiiai i?aaia, a oaeaea a
eaeie-oi ia?a noaeeoue i ianoa aai eieaeecaoeee.
2.3. Yeaeo?e/aneia nii?ioeaeaiea aeeauo oeaiae. Yeaeo?e/aneia
nii?ioeaeaiea oeaiae ea?aao nouanoaaiioth ?ieue i?e ?aaeno?aoeee
aeiyeaeo?e/aneeo i?ioeannia. A iaeioi?uo neo/ayo aieueoia
iaaeaeoyeaeo?iaeiia nii?ioeaeaiea iiaeao ieacaoueny i?e/eiie,
eneaaeathuae enoeiiue aeae enneaaeoaiie aeiyeaeo?e/aneie aeoeaiinoe.
Ecia?aiea iaaeaeoyeaeo?iaeiiai nii?ioeaeaiey n iiiiuueth aiaoiaai
oece/aneiai aaia?aoi?a yeaeo?e/aneeo neionieaeaeueiuo eieaaaiee e
onoaiiaeaiea caaeneiinoe aai aaee/eiu io ?acee/iuo oaeoi?ia (neea oiea,
aai /anoioa e ae?.) iao?oaeii inouanoaeoue aeey aiieeooae oiea,
ninoaaeythueo aeanyoie iee?iaiia? e aieueoa. Ii?aaeaeaiea aaee/eiu
iaaeaeoyeaeo?iaeiiai nii?ioeaeaiey aeey oieia iiiao, nicaeaaaaiuo
yeaeo?e/aneei iieai naoe ia?aiaiiiai oiea e ninoaaeythueo aeiee
iee?iaiia?a, i?aaenoaaeyao iaeioi?ua o?oaeiinoe. Ecia?aiea aea
nii?ioeaeaiey iaaeaeoyeaeo?iaeiie oeaie aeey aeioieia i?yiui iooai
iaaiciiaeii, oae eae iao niiniaa i?iecaieueii ieaaii iaiyoue aaee/eio
aiieeooaeu aeioieia e eo /anoioo. I?eoiaeeony caaea/o ?aoaoue
neaaeothuei niiniaii: a) onoaiiaeoue iniiaiua caeiiiia?iinoe eciaiaiey
iaaeaeoyeaeo?iaeiiai nii?ioeaeaiey io ?acee/iuo oaeoi?ia n iiiiuueth
oece/aneiai aaia?aoi?a,a) i?iaa?eoue yoe caeiiiia?iinoe aeey /anoiuo
neo/aaa n iiiiuueth aeioieia.a) ia?aianoe ana caeiiiia?iinoe,
auaaaeaiiua n iiiiuueth oece/aneiai aaia?aoi?a, ia caaeneiinoue
iaaeaeoyeaeo?iaeiiai nii?ioeaeaiey io ?acee/iuo oaeoi?ia aeey aeioieia.
Oaeia ia?aianaiea caeiiiia?iinoae ieacaeinue aiciiaeiui, ai-ia?auo,
iioiio, /oi oiee oece/aneiai aaia?aoi?a e aeioiee eiatho iaeio e oo aea
i?e?iaeo, ioee/aynue oieueei ii aiieeooaea. Ai-aoi?uo, iii aiciiaeii
aneaaenoaea oiai, /oi caeiiiia?iinoe, iieo/aiiua n iiiiuueth oece/aneiai
aaia?aoi?a, auee auaaaeaiu i?e neea oiea, ia i?aauoathuae ii?iaa
iuouaiey, o. a. ia neeueii eciaiythuae ooieoeeiiaeueiia ninoiyiea
oeaiae. Yeaeo?e/aneia nii?ioeaeaiea aeeauo oeaiae ii?aaeaeyaony a
ia?aoth i/a?aaeue nii?ioeaeaieai aoiaeyueo a iaa aeeaeeinoae, neaai
i?iaiaeyueo yeaeo?e/aneee oie, iiyoiio i?aaeaea /ai aiai?eoue i
nii?ioeaeaiee aeeauo oeaiae, iaiaoiaeeii e?aoei inoaiiaeoueny ia
nii?ioeaeaiee yeaeo?ieeoia. Anee a yeaeo?ieeo iiianoeoue yeaeo?iaeu
e i?eniaaeeieoue eo e enoi/ieeo iinoiyiiiai oiea, oi eiiu, iaoiaeyueany
?aiaa a aanii?yaei/iii iieaeoey?iii aeaeaeaiee, eae ecaanoii, ia/ioo
naia i?aaieciaaiiia aeaeaeaiea iaaeaeo yeaeo?iaeaie, o. a. iiyaeony oie
/a?ac yeaeo?ieeo. I?e iiaeeeth/aiee enoi/ieea oiea e yeaeo?iaeai
aeaeaeaiea eiiia ia/eiaaony n?aco aea a iauaia iaaeaeoyeaeo?iaeiiai
i?ino?ainoaa, ii nei?inoue aeaeaeaiey naieo eiiia iaaaeeea e caaeneo io
i?e?iaeu eiiia, oaiia?aoo?u ?anoai?a, a oaeaea io i?eeiaeaiiie e
yeaeo?iaeai ?aciinoe iioaioeeaeia. Ai a?aiy i?ioaeaiey
yeaeo?e/aneiai oiea /a?ac yeaeo?ieeo eiiu ec ?anoai?a auaeaeythony ia
yeaeo?iaeao. Yoa oaueue eiiia iiiieiyaony ca n/ao auaeaeaiey iiauo eiiia
i?e ?aniaaea iieaeoe, eiathueony a ?anoai?a. Oaeia yaeaiea iaaethaeaaony
oiaaea, eiaaea eniieuecoaony iaiiey?ecothuayny ia?a yeaeo?iae –
yeaeo?ieeo. A yoii neo/aa nii?ioeaeaiea yeaeo?ieeoa inoaaony
iaeciaiaiiui ai a?aiaie e anee oaaee/eoue neeo oiea, i?ioaeathuoth /a?ac
yeaeo?ieeo, oaaee/eaay i?eeiaeaiiia e yeaeo?iaeai iai?yaeaiea, oi
nii?ioeaeaiea yeaeo?ieeoa inoaiaony iaeciaiiui. Aeey
iaiiey?ecothuaeny ia?u yeaeo?e/aneia nii?ioeaeaiea yeaeo?ieeoa iiaeao
auoue ii?aaeaeaii ii oi?ioea;
R = l/S
aaea – oaeaeueiia nii?ioeaeaiea yeaeo?ieeoa, 1 – ?annoiyiea iaaeaeo
yeaeo?iaeaie e S – ieiuaaeue yeaeo?iaea. Anee aea
yeaeo?iaeu-yeaeo?ieeo ninoaaeytho iiey?ecothuothny ia?o, oaueue eiiia ia
iiiieiyaony e oie oaeouee /a?ac yeaeo?ieeo, iinoaiaiii ineaaaaaao, a
caoai i?ae?auaaony. Yoi i?ienoiaeeo aneaaenoaea oiai, /oi ai a?aiy
i?ioaeaiey yeaeo?e/aneiai oiea /a?ac yeaeo?ieeo ieiei yeaeo?iaeia eee
aea ia eo iiaa?oiinoe aicieeatho oeceei-oeie/aneea yaeaiey, eciaiythuea
nii?ioeaeaiea yeaeo?ieeoa ca n/ao auaeaeaiey iocu?ueeia aaca ia
iiaa?oiinoe yeaeo?iaeia, a oaeaea aucuaathuea ia?aciaaiea ia yeaeo?iaeao
?aciinoe iioaioeeaeia, ia?aoiie ii ciaeo iai?yaeaieth, i?eeiaeaiiiio e
iei. Yoe yaeaiey iinyo iacaaiea yeaeo?e/aneie iiey?ecaoeee, a aucaaiiay
ath yeaeo?iaeaeaeouay neea – YAeN iiey?ecaoeee. *ai eioaineaiaa
i?ienoiaeyo iiey?ecaoeeiiiua yaeaiey , oai auno?aa oiaiueoaaony ai
a?aiaie oie e oai auno?aa ?anoao nii?ioeaeaiea ?anoai?a.Anee
e?aoeia?aiaiii i?iioneaoue iinoiyiiue oie I , neea eioi?iai aoaeao
iinoaiaiii oaaee/eaaoueny (aeey /aai iaiaoiaeeii oaaee/eaaoue
iai?yaeaiea A, i?eeaaaaiia e yeaeo?iaeai), oi iiaen/eoaiiay ii caeiio
Iia aeey eaaeaeiai neo/ay aaee/eia nii?ioeaeaiey yeaeo?ieeoa R aoaeao
oiaiueoaoueny n oaaee/aieaineeu oiea I. Nii?ioeaeaiea aeeauo oeaiae
a iniiaiii ii?aaeaeyaony nii?ioeaeaieai aoiaeyueo a ieo yeaeo?ieeoia.
Iaaeeeaoi/ioth aeeaeeinoue e e?iaue iiaeii oneiaii n/eoaoue
yeaeaaeaioiuie yeaeo?ieeoo – 0,85% ?anoai?o oei?enoiai iao?ey. I?e
ecia?aiee yeaeo?e/aneiai nii?ioeaeaiey aeeaie oeaie i?eiaiytho
iaiiey?ecothueany yeaeo?iaeu n oai, /oiau eneeth/eoue iiey?ecaoeeiiiua
yaeaiey ia a?aieoea yeaeo?iae – oeaiue. Enneaaeiaaiey naienoa aeeaie
oeaie i?e i?iioneaiee /a?ac iaa yeaeo?e/aneiai oiea iieacaee, /oi i?e
yoii eiaao ianoi yaeaiea iiey?ecaoeee, aucaaiiia eae oeceei-oeie/aneeie
naienoaaie yeaeo?ieeoia aeeaie oeaie (iaaeeeaoi/iay aeeaeeinoue, e?iaue
e ae?.), oae e iaee/eai oeaiae, iaeaaeathueo ?acee/iui yeaeo?e/aneei
nii?ioeaeaieai. I?e enneaaeiaaiee caaeneiinoe iaaeaeoyeaeo?iaeiiai
nii?ioeaeaiey io ?acee/iuo oaeoi?ia auei onoaiiaeaii, /oi iii caaeneo
io: a) ieiuaaee yeaeo?iaeia, iaeiaeaiiuo ia aeeaoth oeaiue; a) ?iaea e
oi?iu oiea, i?ioaeathuaai /a?ac oeaiue; a) neeu oiea; a) /anoiou oiea;
ae) oaiia?aoo?u aicaeooa, ie?oaeathuaai enneaaeoaiiai; a) ouaoaeueiinoe
ia?aaioee eiaee enneaaeoaiiai: ae) ianoa iaeiaeaiey yeaeo?iaeia ia oaei
enneaaeoaiiai; c) a?aiaie, i?ioaaeoaai iinea iaeiaeaiey yeaeo?iaeia ia
eiaeo enneaaeoaiiai, e) naienoa yeaeo?iaeiie aeeaeeinoe eee ianou e ae?.
Enneaaeiaaiey yeaeo?e/aneiai nii?ioeaeaiey aeeauo oeaiae e eiaee n
iiiiuueth oieia oece/aneiai aaia?aoi?a iieacaee neaaeothuaa:1.
Nii?ioeaeaiey eiaee e iiaeeiaeiuo oeaiae ?acei ioee/athony ae?oa io
ae?oaa ii aaee/eia. Iai?eia?, anee nii?ioeaeaiea iiaeeiaeiuo oeaiae
ninoaaeyao i?e i?i/eo ?aaiuo oneiaeyo ianeieueei nio ii, oi
nii?ioeaeaiea eiaee ninoaaeyao nioie ouny/ ii e aeaaea aaeeieoeu iaaii.
Aieueoay aaee/eia eiaeiiai nii?ioeaeaiey iauyniyaony i?aaeaea anaai
iaee/eai nooiai yieoaeeaeueiiai neiy yieaea?iena (stratum corneum),
ninoiyuaai ec ioia?oeo eeaoie. E?iia oiai, nae?ao naeueiuo aeaeac,
iie?uaathuee eiaeo, oaeaea iaeaaeaao aieueoei nii?ioeaeaieai
yeaeo?e/aneiio oieo.2. Nii?ioeaeaiea iaaeaeoyeaeo?iaeiie oeaie caaeneo
io neeu oiea, e yoa caaeneiinoue iiaeiaia oaeie aea caaeneiinoe
nii?ioeaeaiey yeaeo?ieeoa (?en. 6,A) /ai iaiueoa neea oiea, oai aieueoa
nii?ioeaeaiea oeaie. Yoi aeaao iniiaaiea iieaaaoue, /oi aeey aeioieia
aaee/eia nii?ioeaeaiey ieaaeaony aua aieueoae.3. Aaee/eia
iaaeaeoyeaeo?iaeiiai nii?ioeaeaiey caaeneo oaeaea io /anoiou
neionieaeaeueiiai oiea. *ai auoa /anoioa oiea f, oai ieaea iieiia
nii?ioeaeaiea iaaeaeoyeaeo?iaeiie oeaie Z. Eae ia?aay caaeneiinoue
R=a(I) , oae e aoi?ay Z=(f) naeaeaoaeuenoaoao i oii, /oi iieiia
nii?ioeaeaiee aeeaie oeaie z ia?yaeo n aeoeaiui nii?ioeaeaieai R
iaeaaeaao e ?aaeoeaiui (aieinoiui) nii?ioeaeaieai On, e,
neaaeiaaoaeueii, aieinoueth N. Nii?ioeaeaiea R i?aaenoaaeyao niaie
iie/aneia nii?ioeaeaiea eiaee e yeaeo?ieeoia iiaeiiaeiuo oeaiae.
Aieinoue N i?aaenoaaeyao niaie noiia?ioth aieinoue eeaoie oeaie e
iiey?ecaoeeiiioth aieinoue, ia?acothuothny ia a?aieoea oeaiae, eiathueo
?acee/iia nii?ioeaeaiea.4. Nii?ioeaeaiea aeeauo oeaiae caaeneo io ?iaea
oiea: naiia aieueoia nii?ioeaeaiea oeaie ieacuaatho iinoiyiiiio oieo.
Aeey ia?aiaiiiai neionieaeaeueiiai oiea nii?ioeaeaiea oeaiae oai auoa,
/ai ieaea aai /anoioa. Aeey ianeionieaeaeueiuo oieia nii?ioeaeaiea
oeaiae aoaeao caaenaoue io oi?iu oiea. Iau/ii nii?ioeaeaiea aeeauo
oeaiae ecia?yaony eeai ia iinoiyiiii oiea, eeai ia ia?aiaiiii
neionieaeaeueiii oiea.5. *ai aieueoa ieiuaaeue yeaeo?iaeia,
eniieuecoaiuo aeey ecia?aiey, oai ieaea nii?ioeaeaiea oeaie. Yoio auaiae
eanaaony ia oieueei neo/ay, eiaaea ecia?yaony oeaiaaia nii?ioeaeaiea, ii
e neo/ay ?aaeno?aoeee aeiyeaeo?e/aneeo i?ioeannia.6. I?e ecia?aiee
oeaiaaiai nii?ioeaeaiey n iiiiuueth yeaeo?iaeia, iaeiaeaiiuo ia eiaeo
enneaaeoaiiai, iaia?oaeaiu noieeea oiiia?aoe/aneea ?acee/ey a
nii?ioeaeaiee, ecii?aiiii ia ?acee/iuo /anoyo oaea /aeiaaea, /oi aaaeii
oaeaea a neo/aa ?aaeno?aoeee aeiyeaeo?e/aneeo i?ioeannia n iiaa?oiinoe
eiaee /aeiaaea. Onoaiiaeaii, /oi iaeaieueoaa nii?ioeaeaiea eiaao ianoi
ia eiia/iinoyo.7. Nii?ioeaeaiea eiaee e iiaeeiaeiuo oeaiae caaeneo
oaeaea io oaiia?aoo?u aicaeooa, ie?oaeathuaai enneaaeoaiiai. N
iiieaeaieai oaiia?aoo?u aicaeooa e?iaaiiniua ninoaeu eiaee noaeathony,
/oi aea/ao ca niaie caiaoiia oaaee/aiea oeaiaaiai nii?ioeaeaiey.8. Eiaao
ianoi cia/eoaeueiia nieaeaiea iaaeaeoyeaeo?iaeiiai nii?ioeaeaiey ai
a?aiaie (a ia?aua 30 ieioo) iinea iaeiaeaiey yeaeo?iaeia ia eiaeo
enneaaeoaiiai. Eae i?aaeei, nii?ioeaeaiea aoiaea oneeeoaey
aeiiai?yaeaiee auaaao ?aaii 0,5-1 Iii, iiyoiio iaiaoiaeeii, /oiau
iaaeaeoyeaeo?iaeiia (a iniiaiii eiaeiia) nii?ioeaeaiea auei au ai iiiai
?ac iaiueoa aoiaeiiai nii?ioeaeaiey oneeeoaey. I?e yoii oneiaee iiaeii
i?aiaa?a/ue iaaeaieai iai?yaeaiey aeioieia ia eiaeiii nii?ioeaeaiee e
/eoaoue , /oi yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneay onoaiiaea iieiinoueth ?aaeno?e?oao
enneaaeoaioth aeiyeaeo?e/aneoth aeoeaiinoue.
Aeey oiaiueoaiey iaaeaeoyeaeo?iaeiiai nii?ioeaeaiey eiaeo ia?aae
?aaeno?aoeeae aeiyeaeo?e/aneeo i?ioeannia aeey iaacaee?eaaiey
ia?aaaouaatho nie?oii eee yoe?ii … Iaeiaei yoi iaeuecy n/eoaoue
aeinoaoi/iui , oae eae iaacaee?eaaiea eiaee iaei nieaeaao nii?ioeaeaiea
?iaiaiai neiy yieaea?iena. A yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneie i?aeoeea iaoea
i?eiaiaiea oaeaea ia?aaioea eiaee ianoaie , niaea?aeaueie aa?aceau
(iai?eia? , iaeei iieioay iaica) , eioi?ua nieiatho ?iaiaie neie e
cia/eoaeueii nieaeatho iaaeaeoyeaeo?iaeiia nii?ioeaeaiea.
Oaoie/aneea iaoiaeu enneaaeiaaiey yeaeo?e/aneie aeoeaiinoe na?aeoea
aieueiiai.3.1. Yeaeo?e/aneay aeoeaiinoue na?aeoea Aeayoaeueiinoue
na?aeoea, eae ecaanoii, nii?iaiaeaeaaony yeaeo?e/aneie aeoeaiinoueth.
Aicaoaeaeaiea ioaaouaaao na?aea/ioth iuooeo a ii?aaeaeaiiie
iineaaeiaaoaeueiinoe eae a i?ino?ainoaa, oae e ai a?aiaie, e yoio
i?ioeann ia?eiaee/anee iiaoi?yaony. Na?aeoea i?aaiia?ii ?anniao?eaaoue
eae noiia?iue aeeiieue, yaeythueeny ?acoeueoaoii acaeiiaeaenoaey
aieueoiai /enea yeaiaioa?iuo aeeiieae, eioi?ua nicaeatho iaeeii/iua
aieieia ieiea?aea. Yeaeo?e/aneea iiea na?aeoea a iiiaio a?aiaie,
niioaaonoaothuee coaoeo R. Yoi iiea ianeieueei ioee/aaony io
yeaeo?e/aneiai iiey aeeiiey, iiiauaiiiai a iaeii?iaeioth i?iaiaeyuoth
n?aaeo, ii iaeaaeaao anaie oa?aeoa?iuie iniaaiiinoyie iineaaeiaai. I?e
eciaiaiee iieiaeaiey iiethnia aeeiiey na?aeoea a iiiaiou na?aea/iiai
oeeeea, ioee/iua io iiiaioa, eiaaea coaaoe R iaeneiaeai, iai?aaeaiea
yeaeo?e/aneie ine na?aeoea eciaiyaony, /oi niioaaonoaoao eciaiaieth
iai?aaeaiey aaeoi?a, oa?aeoa?ecothuaai aaee/eio e iai?aaeaiea noiia?iiai
aeeiiey na?aeoea, eioaa?aeueiiai aeeiiey. YAeN, aicieeathuay i?e
aicaoaeaeaiee iaeeii/iiai iuoa/iiai aieieia, iiaeao auoue
ioa?aeoa?eciaaia yeaiaioa?iui aaeoi?ii. I?e ?aaeno?aoeee YAeN anaai
ieiea?aea caienuaaaony ?aaiiaeaenoaothuay anao yeaiaioa?iuo aaeoi?ia,
iinyuay iacaaiea eioaa?aeueiiai aaeoi?a. Ia iiaa?oiinoe oaea
/aeiaaea i?iaoee?othony eioaa?aeueiue aaeoi? e ana eciaiaiey aai
aaee/eiu e iai?aaeaiey. Yoe eciaiaiey ?aaeno?e?othony i?e iaeiaeaiee
aeaoo yeaeo?iaeia ia oaei enneaaeoaiiai a aeei yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aiiu,
yaeythuaeny io?aaeaieai eciaiaiee ai a?aiaie i?iaeoeee eioaa?aeueiiai
aaeoi?a ia ieineinoue, i?ioiaeyuoth /a?ac yeaeo?iaeu. Yeaeo?e/aneay
aeoeaiinoue na?aeoea yaeyaony ii/oe ia?eiaee/aneei i?ioeannii eciaiaiee
aeiiioaioeeaeia ai a?aiaie. Yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aiia eiaao ?yae /aoei
au?aaeaiiuo coaoeia, aaee/eia aiieeooaeu eioi?uo caaeneo io ioaaaeaiee.
Aeeaiacii aiieeooae yeaeo?e/aneie aeoeaiinoe na?aeoea eaaeeo a i?aaeaeao
io 0,05 aei 2,5-3 ia. Aeey iaeneaaeaiiie ?aaeno?aoeee
yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aiiu iaiaoiaeeii, /oiau yeaeo?iea?aeeia?ao ?aaeno?e?iaae
neionieaeaeueiua eieaaaiey a aeeaiaciia ii e?aeiae ia?a io 0,1 aei 100
Aoe. Ieaeiee i?aaeae aeeaiaciia /anoio ii?aaeaeyaony
iaiaoiaeeiinoueth ?aaeno?e?iaaoue naaiaio S-T, /anoi i?aaenoaaeythuee
ioeaaoth eeieth eee eaeouee ia?aeeaeueii ae, e naiue «iaaeeaiiue» coaaoe
O n iacia/eoaeueiuie (i?aeoe/anee iacaiaoiuie) eneaaeaieyie. Aeey oiai
/oiau eneaaeaiey naaiaioa S-T e coaoea O ia i?aauoaee 0,1 ia, iecoay
/anoioa ?aaeno?e?oaiiai yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aoii aeeaiaciia /anoio fi
aeieaeia auoue 0,1 Aoe. Aeey oiai /oiau ioeaea ia i?aauoaea 0,05 ia,
iaiaoiaeeii iaania/eoue iecooth /anoioo fe, ?aaioth 0,05 Aoe. Auai?
noieue iaeie iecoae /anoiou fi, ?aaeno?e?oaiiai yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aoii
aeeaiaciia /anoio (fi=0,05-0,1 Aoe), iaoneiaeai iaiaoiaeeiinoueth
eneeth/aiey oaciauo eneaaeaiee oneeeoaey ia?aiaiiiai oiea. Aunoay
/anoioa fa=100 Aoe iaoneiaeaia iaiaoiaeeiinoueth i?aeoe/anee
iaeneaaeaiii ?aaeno?e?iaaoue iaeaieaa «auno?ue» eiiieaen QRS. Iiaeii
i?aaenoaaeoue yeaeo?e/aneoth aeoeaiinoue na?aeoea /aeiaaea,
?aaeno?e?oaioth n eiaee, eae yeaeaaeaioiue yeaeo?e/aneee aaia?aoi?,
i?iaeooee?othuee iai?yaeaiea, eiathuaa oi?io yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aiiu.
Auoa i?eaaaeai aeeaiacii aiieeooae e /anoio iai?yaeaiey oaeiai
aaia?aoi?a. Iineaaeiae aai oa?aeoa?enoeeie yaeyaony aioo?aiiaa
nii?ioeaeaiea, eioi?iio a ?anniao?eaaaiii neo/aa niioaaonoaoao
iaaeaeoyeaeo?iaeiia nii?ioeaeaiea.I?e yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneeo enneaaeiaaieyo
e i?e yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aoe/aneeo a iniaaiiinoe iaaeaeoyeaeo?iaeiia
nii?ioeaeaiea caaeneo a ia?aoth i/a?aaeue io ieiuaaee yeaeo?iaeia e
ianoa eo iaeiaeaiey ia oaei enneaaeoaiiai. Oae, i?e eniieueciaaiee
eiia/iinoiuo yeaeo?iaeia, eiathueo aieueooth ieiuaaeue,
iaaeaeoyeaeo?iaeiia nii?ioeaeaiea iiaeao auoue ?aaiui 1 eii aac
ia?aaioee eiaee, a i?e eniieueciaaiee /aoa/iuo yeaeo?iaeia iaeie
ieiuaaee aaee/eio iaaeaeoyeaeo?iaeiiai nii?ioeaeaiey 10 eii oaeaaony
iieo/eoue Oieueei iinea ouaoaeueiie ia?aaioee eiaee.3.2. Yeaeo?iaeu,
niiniau eo e?aieaiey e yeaeo?iaeiua ianou. A caaeneiinoe io oeaee
yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aoe/aneea enneaaeiaaiey iiaeii ?acaeaeeoue ia /aou?a
a?oiiu. Ia oaeia aea /enei a?oii iiaoo auoue ?acaeaeaiu e
yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aoe/aneea yeaeo?iaeu. E ia?aie a?oiia neaaeoao
ioianoe yeaeo?iaeu, i?eiaiyaiua i?e iau/iii ianeaaeiaaiee aieueiiai,
i?iaeieaeathuaany ioiineoaeueii ei?ioeia a?aiy (aei 30 ieioo),a oa/aiea
eioi?iai aieueiie aeieaeai auoue iaiiaeaeaeai. Yeaeo?iaeu aeieaeiu auoue
oaeiaiu aeey auno?iai iaeiaeaiey ia oaei e eaaei nieiaoueny n iaai.
Ei aoi?ie a?oiia ioiinyony yeaeo?iaeu, i?eiaiyaiua i?e aeeeoaeueiuo,
iai?a?uaiuo iaaethaeaieyo (aecoaeueiuo eee aaoiiaoe/aneeo) ca
yeaeo?e/aneie aeoeaiinoueth na?aeoea oyaeaeiaieueiiai. Iie yoii
eiee/anoai yeaeo?iaeia ieieiaeueiia, a eo ieiuaaeue-iaiueoay ii
n?aaiaieth n yeaeo?iaeaie ia?aie a?oiiu. E o?aoueae a?oiia ioiinyony
yeaeo?iaeu, eniieuecoaiua aeey caiene yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aiiu naiaiaeii
ia?aiauathuaainy aieueiiai, auiieiythuaai aeice?iaaiioth iaa?oceo. Aeey
oaeie ?aaeno?aoeee aa?oony yeaeo?iaeu n aua iaiueoae ieiuaaeueth, /ai
yeaeo?iaeu aoi?ie a?oiiu. E /aoaa?oie a?oiia ioiinyony yeaeo?iaeu,
oiio?aaeyaiua aeey niaoeeaeueiuo enneaaeiaaiee, iai?eia? i?e
yeaeo?iea?aeeioiiia?aoee, eiaaea ia oaea aieueiiai iaeeaaeuaaaony
aieueoia /enei (50) yeaeo?iaeia. Yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aoe/aneea
yeaeo?iaeu anao a?oii auiieiythony ec ?acee/iuo iaoaeeia: eaooie n
iie?uoeyie (iai?eia?, ieiayiiui), ia?aeaaathuae noaee , iaeceeueaa?a.
Yeaeo?iaeu ia?aie a?oiiu ?acaeaeythony ia eiia/iinoiua e a?oaeiua.
Eiia/iinoiua yeaeo?iaeu auiieiythony iau/ii i?yiioaieueiie oi?iu,
ieiuaaeueth io 6 aei 30 ni2 e aieaa. Yeaeo?iae i?ee?aieyaony e
eiia/iinoe n iiiiuueth ?aceiiaiai aeioa n ioaa?noeyie, aeaa ec eioi?uo
iaaeaaathony ia oou?ue yeaeo?iaea. A?oaeiua yeaeo?iaeu aeaeathony a
oi?ia aeenea ieiuaaeueth io 1 aei 7 ni2 . Ia a?oaee yeaeo?iae
oaea?aeeaaaony eeai ?oeie , eeai n iiiiuueth ?aceiiaie i?eninee. I?e
e?aoeia?aiaiiuo enneaaeiaaieyo i?enanuaathueany a?oaeiua yeaeo?iaeu
oaeiaiu. Cia/eoaeueiay aa?eaaaeueiinoue ieiuaaee yeaeo?iaeia ia?aie
a?oiiu iauyniyaony neaaeothuei. Yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aiia iiaeao auoue
ca?aaeno?e?iaaia n iiiiuueth yeaeo?iaeia aanueia iaeie ieiuaaee,
iai?eia? 1 ni2, iaeiaeaiiuo eae ia a?oaeue, oae e ia eiia/iinoe.
Iaeiaei i?eoiaeeony aanueia ouaoaeueii ia?aaaouaaoue eiaeo aeey
nieaeaiey iaaeaeoyeaeo?iaeiiai nii?ioeaeaiey. Aeey oiaiueoaiey
iineaaeiaai eniieuecothony yeaeo?iaeu n aiciiaeii aieueoae ieiuaaeueth.
Yoei e iauyniythony aieueoay ieiuaaeue eiia/iinoiuo yeaeo?iaeia,
iaeeaaeuaaaiuo ia ?oee e iiae aieueiiai. Eiia/iinoe eiatho
iiaa?oiinoe ?aaiiai iioaioeeaea:ianoi iaeiaeaiey yeaeo?iaea ia e?eoe/ii.
Ia a?oaee yeaeiioaioeeaeueiua eeiee yeaeo?e/aneie aeoeaiinoe
na?aeoea ?aniieiaeaiu aonoi, a iiyoiio i?e iiiiue yeaeo?iaea aieueoie
ieiuaaee ia iiaeao auoue caienaia yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aiia a a?oaeiuo
ioaaaeaieyo. A nayce n yoei ieiuaaeue a?oaeiuo yeaeo?iaeia ioiineoaeueii
iaaieueoay. Aeey eo/oaai eiioaeoa yeaeo?iaea n eiaeae eniieuecothony
niaoeeaeueiua yeaeo?iaeiua ianou eee aeeaeeinoe. Yeaeo?iaeu aoi?ie e
o?aoueae a?oii iau/ii eiatho aeae /aoa/ae , eioi?ua iaeeaeaathony ia
eiaeo n iiiiuueth eeaiea eee eieeiaeey. Yeaeo?iaeiay ianoa
iaeeaaeuaaaony ia iaoaeee/aneee aeene yoiai yeaeo?iaea e i?e iaeiaeaiee
ia eiaeo caiieiyao i?ino?ainoai iaaeaeo iath e aeeneii, iaania/eaay
iaaeaaeiue yeaeo?e/aneee eiioaeo. Aeeaiao? aeenea iiaeao auoue 10-15 ii.
E yeaeo?iaeai /aoaa?oie a?oiiu – niaoeeaeueiui yeaeo?iaeai-aeieaeai
auoue ioianai e ieuaaiaeiue yeaeo?iae, aaiaeeiue aeey ?aaeno?aoeee
yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aiiu a ieuaaiae aieueiiai. I?e yoii ia oi?io
yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aiiu ?acei aeeyao ianoiiieiaeaiea yeaeo?iaea a
ieuaaiaea. A yeaeo?ia?aoe/aneie i?aeoeea i?aaeaa?eoaeueioth
ia?aaioeo eiaee ia anaaaea inouanoaeytho, a oae eae yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aou
ia niaaaeaiu iiiao?ii, ecia?aiey iaaeaeo yeaeo?iaeiiai nii?ioeaeaiey
iau/ii ia i?iecaiaeyo.
A oi aea a?aiy a eeoa?aoo?a iaiaeiie?aoia oeacuaaeinue /oi eneaaeaiea
oi?iu yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aii eiaao ianoi i?e ieioi ia?aaioaiiie eiaea
enneaaeoaiiai.3.3. Oaoieea yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aoee. A
yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aoe/aneie i?aeoeea i?eiaiythony 3 noaiaea?oiuo, 3
oneeaiiuo iaeiiiiethniuo e 6 a?oaeiuo ioaaaeaiee. I?e noaiaea?oiuo
ioaaaeaieyo ?aaeno?e?oaony i?iaeoeey eioaa?aeueiiai aaeoi?a ia
o?iioaeueioth ieineinoue oaea /aeiaaea. Yeaeo?iaeu e?aiyony ia ?oeao e
eaaie iiaa, e ?aciinoue iioaioeeaeia iaaeaeo eaaeaeie ia?ie yeaeo?iaeia
iiaeaaony eeai iineaaeiaaoaeueii ei aoiaeo iaeiiai oneeeoaey
yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aoa, eeai e o?ai oneeeoaeyi iaeiia?aiaiii. I?e
noaiaea?oiuo ioaaaeaieyo inouanoaeyaony aeiiey?iia (aeaooiiethniia)
ioaaaeaiea. A neo/aa oneeaiiuo iaeiiiiethniuo ioaaaeaiee io eiia/iinoae
eniieuecothony oieiiey?iua ioaaaeaiey. I?e oneeaiiii iaeiiiiethniii
ioaaaeaiee oieueei iaeia eeaiia aoiaeayeaeo?iea?aeeia?aoa
iineaaeiaaoaeueii i?eniaaeeiyaony e iaeiie ec eiia/iinoae, a a yoi a?aiy
ae?oaea aeaa eiia/iinoe /a?ac nii?ioeaeaiey R ninoaaeytho on?aaeiaiiue
yeaeo?iae. I?e a?oaeiuo ioaaaeaieyo oaeaea inouanoaeythony
iaeiiiiethniua ioaaaeaiey.A yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aoao anoue
ono?ienoai-ia?aeeth/aoaeue yeaeo?iaeia, inouanoaeythuaa i?ia?aiiiia
ia?aeeth/aiea ioaaaeaiee, i?iecaiaeeiuo anaaaea a ii?aaeaeaiiie
iineaaeiaaoaeueiinoe iiai?ioii iaeiie ?o/ee. Iai?eia?, i?e
iaeiieaiaeueiii yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aoa ia?aeeth/aiea ioaaaeaiee
inouanoaeyaony a neaaeothuae iineaaeiaaoaeueiinoe: I, II,III,aVF,aVR
,aVL, V1, V2, V3,V4, V5, V6. A iiiaieaiaeueiii yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aoa
eiiaeiaoeee ioaaaeaiee caaenyo io /enea eaiaeia.
Yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aoe/aneea oneeeoaee iaeaaeatho anaie iniaaiiinoyie
oneeeoaeae aeiiai?yaeaiee (aeeooa?aioeeaeueiue aoiaeiie eaneaae e ae?.).
A oi a?aiy iie iau/ii eiatho oieueei ieaaioth ?aaoee?iaeo oneeaiey. A
oneeeoaea inouanoaeyaony oaeaea ?aaoee?iaea aunoeo /anoio,
iaania/eaathuay iieioth iieino fa=100 Aoe e oceoth iieino, iai?eia?
fa=40 Aoe, eioi?ay iaiaoiaeeia aeey eneeth/aiey iuoa/iuo a?oaoaeoia.
Yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aoe/aneea oneeeoaee eiatho aua iaeio iniaaiiinoue:i?e
ia?aeeth/aiee ioaaaeaiee eee oaaaeaiey aieueiiai ia aoiae oneeeoaey
iiaeaaony iai?yaeaiea iiiaoe aieueoie aiieeooaeu. Aeey eneeth/aiey
caiene iiiao a yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aoe/aneii oneeeoaea i?aaeoniao?eaaaony
eiiiea oniieiaiey, n iiiiuueth eioi?ie inouanoaeyaony ?aceia oiaiueoaiea
iinoiyiiie a?aiaie yeaiaioa iaaeeaneaaeiie nayce. Anee aei iaaeaoey ia
eiiieo iinoiyiiay a?aiaie yeaiaioa iaaeeaneaaeiie nayce ?aaia O=Rg Cg ,
oi i?e iaaeaoee ia iaacaiueathony nii?ioeaeaiey Rae e iia aoaeao ?aaia
ioeth. Oae eae aoiae oneeeoaey i?e yoii ieacuaaaony caei?i/aiiui, oi ii
ia iiaeao oneeeaaoue, a ?aaeno?aoi? au/a?oeo ioeaaoth eeieth.
?aaeno?aoeey a yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aoao inouanoaeyaony i?e iiiiue oaieiaie
caiene, caiene iiae eiie?eo, no?oeiie e ia?ueaaie caiene. Iaeaieaa /anoi
eniieuecothony oaieiaay caienue e caienue iiae eiie?eo, eioi?ua ia
aeatho ?aaeeaeueiuo eneaaeaiee e oaeiaiu a yenieoaoaoeee. No?oeiay
caienue i?eiaiyaony a iiiaieaiaeueiuo yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aoao, eioi?ua
caienuaatho ia oieueei yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aiiu, ii e
oiiiea?aeeia?aiiu.Ia?ueaaay caienue nii?iaiaeaeaaony ?aaeeaeueiuie
eneaaeaieyie, a iiyoiio iineaaeiaa a?aiy noaea i?eiaiyoueny ia?aie/aiii.
Ii iacia/aieth yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aou iiaeii ?acaeaeeoue ia o?e
a?oiiu.E ia?aie a?oiia ioiinyony yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aou , i?aaeiacia/aiiua
a iniiaiii aeey ii?aaeaeaiey o?ainii?oaaaeueiinoe aieueiiai. Yoe
yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aou eniieuecotho aeey ianeaaeiaaiey aieueiiai ia aeiio.
Iie aeieaeiu auoue eaaeeie, oaeiaiuie i?e o?ainii?oe?iaea.
Yeaeo?iea?aeeia?ao eiaao iaeei eaiae. Aunoay /anoioa fa ?aaeno?e?oaiiai
yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aoii aeeaiaciia aeey yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aoia ia?aiai oeia
?aaia 60-65 Aoe. Oaeea yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aou a ianoiyuaa a?aiy
auiieiythony ia o?aicenoi?ao e aanyo 4-6 ea e iaiueoa. Aoi?oth
a?oiio ninoaaeytho yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aou,i?aaeiacia/aiiua aeey
aeeaaiinoe/aneeo enneaaeiaaiee. Iie eiatho 3 eaiaea ?aaeno?aoeee fa=100
Aoe. Eiee/anoai eaiaeia iaania/eaaao ?aaeno?aoeeth iaiaoiaeeiuo
ioaaaeaiee (noaiaea?oiuo – 3, iaeiiiiethniuo oneeaiiuo – 3, a?oaeiuo –
6). Yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aou yoie a?oiiu iaeaieaa ?ani?ino?aiaiu a
eeeie/aneie i?aeoeea. O?aouey a?oiia-yoi i?eai?u aeey neiaeiuo
enneaaeiaaiee na?aea/ii – ninoaeenoie nenoaiu. Iie ia?yaeo n o?aiy
yeaeo?iea?aeeia?aoe/aneeie eaiaeaie eiatho oaeaea eaiaeu aeey caiene
oiiia na?aeoea, aaeeenoiea?aeeia?aiiu, noeaiia?aiiu e ae?. A i?eai?ao
o?aoueae a?oiiu aeey caiene oiiia na?aeoea e ae?oaeo i?ioeannia
eniieuecoaony no?oeiay eee oioicaienue.
IAEAAEAIEA :
1. I?aaeeneiaea
no?.1
1.1. Aaaaeaiea
no?.2
2.1. Aeaaa 1
no?.3
2.2. Aeaaa 2
no?.5
2.3. Aeaaa 3
no?.10
3.1. Aeaaa 4
no?.14
3.2. Aeaaa 5
no?.15
3.3. Aeaaa 6
no?.17
I?eeiaeaiea 1
no?.20
I?eeiaeaiea 2
no?.21
Nienie eeoa?aoo?u
no?.23
I?EEIAEAIEA 1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?en.1. Iauay noaia ?aaeno?aoeee aeiyeaeo?e/aneeo i?ioeannia /aeiaaea
1-i?aai,yeaeo?e/aneay aeoeaiinoue eioi?iai enneaaeoaony
2-i?aaiu,yeaeo?e/aneay
aeoeaiinoueeioi?uo ?aaeno?e?oaony a aeaea a?oaoaeoia
3-niaaeeieoaeueiua oeaie
4-eiaea 5-yeaeo?iaeu 6-yeaeo?iaeiua i?iaiaea 7-aeie
ia?aeeth/aoaeae yeaeo?iaeia
8-eaeea?aoi? iai?yaeaiey 9-ono?ienoai aeey ecia?aiey
iaaeaeoyeaeo?iaeiiai
nii?oeaeaiey 10-oneeeoaee aeiiai?yaeaiee 11-?aaeno?aoi?u
12-inoeeeeia?ao
13-aiaeecaoi? yeaeo?e/aneie aeoeaiinoe 14-noeioeyoi?
15-enoi/ieee iiiao.
I?EEIAEAIEA 2
1 Iaeiaiiaaiea e iaicia/aiea ONIaeiieaiaeueiue eioa?i?aoe?othuee
yeaeo?iea?aeeia?ao. ELI 50i. 2Iaeanoue i?eiaiaieyYeaeo?iea?aeeia?aoey
3Aiae auionea ON1997a.
4
Iaiin?aaenoaaiiia ooieoeeiiaeueiia iacia/aiea ON a ea/aaii-aeeaaiinoe-
/aneii i?ioeanna.Ii?aaeaeaiea yeaeo?e/aneie aeoeaiinoe
na?aeoea.Aicaoaeeiinoe nie?aoeiinoe e i?iaiaeeiinoe iuooeu na?aeoea.
5Iaeanoue eniieueciaaiey a niioaaonoaee n ?aaeecoaiie
iaoiaeeeieIaneaaeiaaiea e ioeaiea ninoiyiey iuouu na?aeoea
6?aaeno?e?oaiue oaeoi? e aai aaee/eiaAeiionoeiue auoiaeiie neaiae
yeaeo?iaea +/- 320iA
7Aiciiaeiinoe ON ?anoe?ythuea iacia/aiea e iaania/eaathuea
i?aeiouanoaa ii n?aaiaieth n nouanoaothueie aiaeiaaieAiciiaeiinoue
i?yiiai niaaeeiaiey n IE.Ano?iaiiue iee?ii?ioeanni? iaania/eaathuee
aaoiiaoe/aneoth ?anoeo?iaeo caienae.
8Ioeaiea iaaeeoeeineeo iineaaenoaee ia?ooaiey ooieoeeiie?iaaiey ON ai
a?aiy aai i?eiaiaiey.Aiciiaeiinoue iieo/aiey yeaeo?io?aaiu i?e
ia?ooaiiie oeaeinoiinoe ei?iona.
9Yooaeou eee yaeaiey ia eioi?uo iniiaai i?eioeei aeaenoaey
ONNiniaiinoue iuooeu na?aeoea aaia?e?iaaoue yeaeo?e/aneea iioaioeeaeu .
a oeaiae i?iaiaeeoue eo.
10Niiniau e n?aaenoaa ioia?aaeaiey e ?aaeno?aoeee iaaeeei-aeieiae/aneie
eioi?iaoeee Oa?iia?aoe/aneay oi?ia caiene ia oaiei/oanoaeoaeueiie aoiaaa
n naoeie ii anae iiaa?oiinoe. Nei?inoue caiene 20,50 ii/n.
*oanoaeoaeueiinoue 5,10,20 ii/iA.
11Oa?aeoa?enoeee yia?aiiio?aaeaieyIeoaiea inouanoaeyaony io iaeiioaciie
naoe ia?aiaiiiai oiea iai?aeaieai 100-120,200-240A (50-60Aoe).
12Iniiaiua ninoaaiua /anoe ONEaaaeue ioaaaeaiey ia 10 ioaaaeaiee,
yeaeo?iaeu, naoaaie eaaaeue,i?eai?. 13Ii?yaeie acaeiiaeaenoaey ia?niiaea
e iaoeeaioaIa o?aaoao niaoeeaeueiie iiaeaioiaee iaoeeaioa 14Iniiaiua
aaaa?eoiua ?acia?u e ianna ON2ea,260o180o60ii 15Oa?aeoa?enoeee ?aai/aai
oeeeeaA ?aaeeia aaoiiiiiiai ieoaiey aiciiaeia ?aaioa a oa/aiee 9 /ania
16Oneiaey yenieoaoaoeeeI?aaeiacia/ai aeey ?aaiou a ea?aoa nei?ie iiiiue
17O?aaiaaiey e onoie/eainoe e aicaeaenoaeyi iaaeeei-aeieiae/aneie n?aaeu
*anoe aiia?aoa iaiin?aaenoaaiii eiioaeoe?othuea n iaoeeaioii ecaioiaeaiu
ec iaoiene/iuo, iaeo?aeueiuo iaoa?eaeia
18O?aaiaaiey e iaaeeoeeineiio e oaoie/aneiio ia?niiaeoE ?aaioa
aeiioneaaony eaaeeoeoee?iaaiiue niaoeeaeeno,oaoie/aneia ianeoaeeaaiea a
niaoeeaeueiie ianoa?neie
19 Eae iaania/eaaaony yeaeo?iaaciianiinoueCEI 62-5 (iauea noaiaea?ou
aaciianiinoe iaaeeoeeineiai yeaeo?iiai?oaeiaaiey) IEC 601-1
(aaciianiinoue iaaeeoeeineiai yeaeo?iiai?oaeiaaiey)
eeann aaciianiinoe 1 oei CF
20Oneiaey aiaoiae n?aaeuAeeaiacii oaiia?aoo?u io +5 aei +40a?.N
aeaaeiinoue aei 90% ionoonoaea eiiaeainaoeee 21N?ie yenieoaoaoeee
ONAa?aioeeiue n?ie yenieoaoaoeee 3 aiaea 22N eaeeie ON ?anniao?eaaaiia
ecaeaeea iiaeao ?aaioaoue niaianoiiN IE.
23Iniiaiua oaoie/aneea oa?aeoa?enoeeeAiciiaeiua ioaaaeaiey-12.Aoiaeiia
nii?ioeaeaiea 47IIi.Ineaaeaiea neioaciiai neaiaea 130aeA i?e oeeo?iaie
ia?aaioea aei 210aeA.Oie ooa/ee iaoeeaioa iaiaa 20iA.Oie ooa/ee iaiaee
iaiaa 100iA. Oeeo?iaay /anoioa auai?ee 500 caia?ia/n. 24Noieiinoue
?anniao?eaaaiiai ON4500$.
Nienie eeoa?aoo?u
1. Ai?iioeia Ae.N. Iauay yeaeo?ioeceieiaey. Iaaeaec. I., 1961.
2. Aoeyaa I.E., AEoeia A.E. Iaoiaeu yeaeo?ioeceieiae/aneeo
enneaaeiaaiee.
ecae.EAO. E.,1948.
3. Aeiiaeueaenii I. Yeaeo?iiiua i?eai?u a aeieiaee e iaaeeoeeia.
Ecae.eiino?aiiie eeoa?aoo?u. I., 1963.
4. Aiaeieacneee E.A. Oaoieea eeeie/aneie yeaeo?ia?aoee. Iaaeaec. I.,
1952.
5. Aiaeieacneee E.A. Iniiau oaoieee eeeie/aneie yeaeo?ia?aoee.
Iaaeeoeeia.
I., 1966.
6. Ao?ao ss. Yeaeo?ioeceieiae/aneea iaoiaeu enneaaeiaaiey. Iaaeeeia. I.,
1973.
Нашли опечатку? Выделите и нажмите CTRL+Enter
