Ainoaea?noaaiiue ii?neie oaoie/aneee oieaa?neoao.
Oaeoeueoao ii?neiai i?eai?ino?iaiey.
Eaoaae?a nenoai aaoiiaoe/aneiai oi?aaeaiey
e
ai?oiaie au/eneeoaeueiie oaoieee
?aoa?ao
ii oai?ee aaoiiaoe/aneiai oi?aaeaiey
ia oaio:
Neo/aeiua ooieoeee.
auiieiee:
nooaeaio a? 3410 Eaiioueaa A.A.
i?iaa?ee :
Naciiia A. A.
Neo/aeiua i?ioeannu a nenoaiao aaoiiaoe/aneiai ?aaoee?iaaiey.
Aei neo ii? iiaaaeaiea nenoai aaoiiaoe/aneiai ?aaoee?iaaiey
enneaaeiaaeinue i?e ii?aaeaeaiiuo, caaeaiiuo ai a?aiaie caaeathueo e
aiciouathueo aicaeaenoaeyo (nooiai/aoay ooieoeey, eiioeueniay ooieoeey,
aa?iiie/aneia aicaeaenoaea e o. ae.)
Iaeiaei ai iiiaeo neo/ayo oa?aeoa? aicaeaenoaey auaaao oaeei, /oi aai
iaeuecy n/eoaoue ii?aaeaeaiiie ooieoeeae a?aiaie. Iii iiaeao i?eieiaoue
n oa/aieai a?aiaie naiua ?aciiia?aciua neo/aeiua cia/aiey. A oaeeo
neo/ayo iu iiaeai ioeaieoue oieueei aa?iyoiinoue iiyaeaiey oie eee eiie
oi?iu aicaeaenoaey a oio eee eiie iiiaio a?aiaie. Yoi i?ienoiaeeo ia
iioiio, /oi iii iaecaanoii ca?aiaa, a iioiio, /oi naia i?e?iaea
?aaeueiiai caaeathuaai eee aiciouathuaai aicaeaenoaey oaeiaa, /oi
aaee/eia aai a eaaeaeue iiiaio a?aiaie e i?ioeann aai eciaiaiey n
oa/aieai a?aiaie caaenyo io iiiaeanoaa ?aciiia?aciuo aaee/ei, eioi?ua
neo/aeiui ia?acii iiaoo eiiaeie?iaaoueny ae?oa n ae?oaii, iiyaeyoueny
iaeiia?aiaiii eaee n ethaui naeaeaii ai a?aiaie e o. i.
Aa?iyoiinoiua oa?aeoa?enoeee aeene?aoiuo neo/aeiuo aaee/ei. *oiau
iieiinoueth ciaoue aeene?aoioth neo/aeioth aaee/eio «iaaei eiaoue
neaaeothuea aeaiiua:
a) ana aiciiaeiua cia/aiey,
eioi?ua iia iiaeao i?eieiaoue i?e aeaiiuo oneiaeyo caaea/e eee iiuoa;
a) aa?iyoiinoue iiyaeaiey eaaeaeiai ec yoeo cia/aiee.
A?aoe/anee yoio caeii ?ani?aaeaeaiey ecia?aaeai ia ?en. 1. Ii
i?aaenoaaeyao niaie ?aaiiaa?iyoiia ?ani?aaeaeaiea a iaeioi?ii eioa?aaea
(a ?anniao?eaaaiii neo/aa io 1 aei 6).
?en. 1
A iaeioi?uo neo/ayo caeii ?ani?aaeaeaiey neo/aeiie aaee/eiu iiaeao
caaeaaaoueny a aiaeeoe/aneie oi?ia.
I?eia?ii aiaeeoe/aneiai caaeaiey caeiia ?ani?aaeaeaiey aeene?aoii
neo/aeiie aaee/eiu yaeyaony /anoi eniieuecoaiue caeii Ioanniia. Ii
i?eiaiei e aeene?aoiui neo/aeiui aaee/eiai, eioi?ua oai?aoe/anee iiaoo
i?eieiaoue ana iieiaeeoaeueiua cia/aiey io 0 aei ii. I?eia?aie oaeeo
.aaee/ei iiaoo neoaeeoue /enei ianna- aee?ia aaaiia o?aiaay, /enei
auciaia ia oaeaoiiiie noaioeee a oa/aiea eaeiai-eeai ii?aaeaeaiiiai
io?acea a?aiaie, /enei yeaeo?iiia, iiiaaeathueo ia aiiae yeaeo?iiiie
eaiiu ca ii?aaeaeaiiue i?iiaaeooie a?aiaie, e o. i. Yoio caeii
caienuaaaony neaaeothuei ia?acii aeey oeaeuo cia/aiee /enea o:
aaea ?(o) — aa?iyoiinoue iiyaeaiey cia/aiey o’, ^ i?aaenoaaeyao niaie
n?aaeiaa cia/aiea aeaiiie aeene?aoiie aaee/eiu, iieo/aiiia ii
?acoeueoaoai aieueoiai /enea iiuoia.
Oioy caeii ?ani?aaeaeaiey iieiinoueth ii?aaeaeyao neo/aeioth aaee/eio
aeey i?aeoeee ioaeiu iaeioi?ua aieaa i?inoua in?aaeiaiiua oa?aeoa?enoeee
neo/aeiie aaee/eiu, au?aaeathueany a aeaea iaueiiaaiiuo ianeo/aeiuo
/enae.
Iaeiie ec oaeeo oa?aeoa?enoee yaeyaony n?aaeiaa cia/aiea, eee
iaoaiaoe/aneia iaeeaeaiea, neo/aeiie aaee/eiu. Iii ii?aaeaeyaony ec
au?aaeaiey
*anoi eniieuecoaony oae iacuaaaiia n?aaeiaeaaae?aoe/iia cia/aiea
neo/aeiie aaee/eiu, i?aaenoaaeythuaa niaie ei?aiue eaaae?aoiue ec
n?aaeiaai eaaae?aoa neo/aeiie aaee/eiu:
Eiiaaea ?anniao?eaaaony oeaio?e?iaaiiia cia/aiea neo/aeiie aaee/eiu ae”i
= o— o, aaea o — n?aaeiaa cia/aiea. Oiaaea aiaeiae/ii oi?ioea iiaeii
aaanoe iiiyoea oeaio?aeueiiai iiiaioa i-ai ii?yaeea
Ec oi?ioeu neaaeoao, /oi oeaio?aeueiue iiiaio ia?aiai ii?yaeea
anaaaea ?aaai ioeth.
Ia?aoeiny oaia?ue e oa?aeoa?enoeeai ?annayiey aeene?aoiie neo/aeiie
aaee/eiu.
Anee o — neo/aeiay aaee/eia, x` — n?aaeiaa cia/aiea yoie aaee/eiu, oi
aaee/eia o —o` anoue ioeeiiaiea neo/aeiie aaee/eiu io aa n?aaeiaai
cia/aiey. Yoi ioeeiiaiea yaeyaony neo/aeiie aaee/eiie, eae e naia
aaee/eia o.
N?aaeiei ioeeiiaieai SYMBOL 68 \f “Symbol” \s 10 D iacuaaaony
n?aaeiaa cia/aiea (iaoaiaoe/aneia iaeeaeaiea) aaniethoiie aaee/eiu
ioeeiiaiey, o. a.
Aeenia?neae iacuaaaony n?aaeiee eaaae?ao ioeeiiaiey neo/aeiie aaee/eiu
io aa n?aaeiaai cia/aiey. Iia niaiaaeaao n oeaio?aeueiui iiiaioii
aoi?iai ii?yaeea
Aa?iyoiinoiua oa?aeoa?enoeee iai?a?uaiuo neo/aeiuo aaee/ei. Iai?a?uaiay
neo/aeiay aaee/eia iiaeao i?eieiaoue ana cia/aiey a eaeii-eeai caaeaiiii
ia?aie/aiiii eioa?aaea (a Neo/aeiua i?ioeannu
Neo/aeiay aaee/eia o, eciaiythuayny ai a?aiaie ^ iacuaaaony neo/aeiui
eee noioanoe/aneei i?ioeannii. Neo/aeiue i?ioeann ia anoue ii?aaeaeaiiay
e?eaay o (t), a yaeyaony iiiaeanoaii aiciiaeiuo e?eauo o {1), oae aea
eae neo/aeiay aaee/eia ia eiaao ii?aaeaeaiiiai cia/aiey, a yaeyaony
niaieoiiinoueth (iiiaeanoaii) aiciiaeiuo cia/aiee.
Iiaeii aua neacaoue, /oi neo/aeiue i?ioeann anoue oaeay ooieoeey
a?aiaie, cia/aiea eioi?ie a eaaeaeue iiiaio a?aiaie yaeyaony neo/aeiie
aaee/eiie.
I?eia?aie neo/aeiuo i?ioeannia iiaoo, iai?eia?, yaeyoueny: eii?aeeiaou
naiieaoa, caia?yaiua ?aaeeieieaoeeiiiie noaioeeae; oaie aece?iaaiey
aeaeaeouaeny oeaee aieiaeie naiiiaaaaeaiey; iiiaoe a nenoaia
oaeaoi?aaeaiey; iaa?ocea yeaeo?e/aneie naoe e o. i.
Eoae, a neo/aeiii i?ioeanna iao ii?aaeaeaiiie caaeneiinoe o {t).
Eaaeaeay e?eaay iiiaeanoaa (?en.4) yaeyaony eeoue ioaeaeueiie
?aaeecaoeeae neo/aeiiai i?ioeanna. Ieeiaaea iaeuecy neacaoue ca?aiaa, ii
eaeie e?eaie iieaeao i?ioeann.
Iaeiaei neo/aeiue i?ioeann iiaeao auoue ioeaiai iaeioi?uie
aa?iyoiinoiuie oa?aeoa?enoeeaie.
A eaaeaeue ioaeaeueiue iiiaio a?aiaie iaaethaeathony neo/aeiua aaee/eiu
eaaeaeay ec eioi?uo eiaao
naie caeii ?ani?aaeaeaiey. Iineieueeo yoi — iai?a?uaiay neo/aeiay
aaee/eia, oi iaaei iieueciaaoueny iiiyoeai ieioiinoe aa?iyoiinoe.
Iaicia/ei w(x,t) caeii ?ani?aaeaeaiey aeey anao yoeo ioaeaeueiuo
neo/aeiuo aaee/ei. A iauai neo/aa ii iaiyaony n oa/aieai a?aiaie,:
i?e/ai ii naienoao aeey eaaeaeiai ec ieo
Aeey eaaeaeiai caaeaiiiai iiiaioa a?aiaie iiaeii iaeoe oa?aeoa?enoeee
neo/aeiuo aaee/ei, ii?aaeaeaiiua. A ?acoeueoaoa aoaeai eiaoue n?aaeiaa
ii iiiaeanoao (iaoaiaoe/aneia iaeeaeaiea)
e aeenia?neth
N?aaeiaa cia/aiea neo/aeiiai i?ioeanna i?aaenoaaeyao niaie iaeioi?oth
n?aaeithth e?eaoth (?en. 11.12), ieiei eioi?ie a?oiie?othony ana
aiciiaeiua ioaeaeueiua ?aaeecaoeee yoiai i?ioeanna, a aeenia?ney D(t)
eee n?aaeiaeaaae?aoe/iia ioeeiiaiea SYMBOL 115 \f "Symbol" \s 10 s (t)
oa?aeoa?ecotho ?annayiea ioaeaeueiuo aiciiaeiuo ?aaeecaoeee i?ioeanna
ieiei yoie n?aaeiae e?eaie.
I?inoaeoei oeiii neo/aeiiai i?ioeanna yaeyaony /enoi neo/aeiue
i?ioeann. A oaeii i?ioeanna ana cia/aiey neo/aeiie aaee/eiu a
ioaeaeueiua iiiaiou a?aiaie ia caaenyo ae?oa io ae?oaa. Oiaaea
iiyaeaiey cia/aiee (x1,t1) e o. ae. aoaeoo iacaaeneiuie neo/aeiuie.
niauoeyie, aeey eioi?uo aa?iyoiinoue eo niaianoiiai ianooieaiey ?aaia,
eae ecaanoii, i?iecaaaeaieth aa?iyoiinoae ianooieaiey eaaeaeiai ec ieo a
ioaeaeueiinoe. Neaaeiaaoaeueii, aeey /enoi neo/aeiiai i?ioeanna
e aiiaua
Yoi — naiua i?inoua niioiioaiey a oai?ee neo/aeiuo i?ioeannia. Iie iiaoo
i?eiaiyoueny aeey oa?aeoa?enoeee iaeioi?uo aeaeia iiiao (/enoi neo/aeiua
oaioe/aneea iiiaoe).
Aeey oa?aeoa?enoeee iieaciuo aoiaeiuo neaiaeia nenoai ?aaoee?iaaiey e
neaaeyueo nenoai niioiioaiey i?aeoe/anee ia iiaoo i?eiaiyoueny, oae eae
aeey yoeo neaiaeia oiae i?ioeanna a iineaaeothuea iiiaiou a?aiaie a
eaeie-oi noaiaie caaeneo io oiai, /oi auei a i?aaeuaeouea iiiaiou
a?aiaie,
Oae, iai?eia?, anee ?a/ue eaeao i neaaeaiee ca naiieaoii, oi ii ia
iiaeao eae oaiaeii auno?i iaiyoue naia iieiaeaiea e nei?inoue. Iiyoiio
anee ii a iiiaio a?aiaie t caiye iieiaeaiea o1 oi yoei naiui aai
aiciiaeiia iieiaeaiea o2 a neaaeothuee iiiaio t2 ia?aie/aii, o. a.
niauoey (x1, t1) e (x2 ,t2) ia aoaeoo iacaaeneiuie. *ai aieaa
eia?oeeiiai eco/aaiue iauaeo, oai aieueoa yoa acaeiicaaeneiinoue, eee
ei??aeyoeey. A oaeeo neo/ayo aianoi oi?ioeu iaiaoiaeeii caienaoue
aaea w2,1 1 {x2, t2)do — oneiaiay aa?iyoiinoue oiai, /oi neo/aeiue
i?ioeann i?ieaeao aaeece oi/ee (x2, t2), anaee ii oaea i?ioae /a?ac
oi/eo (x1,t2). Neaaeiaaoaeueii, ciay ieioiinoe aa?iyoiinoe, iiaeii iaeoe
oaeaea e oneiaioth ieioiinoue aa?iyoiinoe
'E?iia oiai, eiaao ianoi neaaeothuay naycue iaaeaeo iniiaiuie
ieioiinoyie aa?iyoiinoe:
oae eae w (o1, t1) anoue ieioiinoue aa?iyoiinoe neo/aeiie aaee/eiu
(x1,t1) aacioiineoaeueii e oiio, eaeia iioii aoaeao cia/aiea (x2, t2),
o. a. aeiioneaaony —ii Noaoeeiia?iua neo/aeiua i?ioeannu
Noaoeeiia?iui neo/aeiui i?ioeannii iacuaaaony oaeie i?ioeann,
aa?iyoiinoiua oa?aeoa?enoeee eioi?iai ia caaenyo io a?aiaie. Ana
ieioiinoe aa?iyoiinoae w1, w2, .. ., wn ia iaiythony i?e ethaii naeaeaa
?anniao?eaaaiiai o/anoea i?ioeanna ai a?aiaie, o. a. i?e nio?aiaiee
iinoiyiiie ?aciinoe.
Iiaeii neacaoue, /oi noaoeeiia?iue neo/aeiue i?ioeann a eaeie-oi ia?a
aiaeiae/ai iau/iui noaoeeiia?iui eaee onoaiiaeaoeiny i?ioeannai a
aaoiiaoe/aneeo nenoaiao.. Iai?eia?, i?e ?anniio?aiee iau/iuo
onoaiiaeaoeony ia?eiaee/aneeo eieaaaiee ie/aai ia eciaieony, anee
ia?aianoe ia/aei ion/aoa ia eaeoth-ieaoaeue aaee/eio. I?e yoii nio?aiyo
naie cia/aiey oaeea oa?aeoa?enoeee, eae /anoioa, aiieeooaea,
n?aaeiaeaaae?aoe/iia cia/aiea e o. i.
A noaoeeiia?iii neo/aeiii i?ioeanna caeii ?ani?aaeaeaiey iaeei e oio aea
aeey eaaeaeiai iiiaioa a?aiaie, o. a- ieioiinoue aa?iyoiinoe ia caaeneo
io a?aiaie: w(o, t) = w (x).
Ionthaea iieo/aai x`= ninst b SYMBOL 115 \f "Symbol" \s 10 s =const
aaeieue anaai neo/aeiiai i?ioeanna. Neaaeiaaoaeueii, a noaoeeiia?iii
neo/aeiii i?ioeanna n?aaeiyy eeiey, a ioee/ea io iauaai neo/ay aoaeao
i?yiay o` = ninst, iiaeiaii iinoiyiiiio niauaieth n?aaeiae eeiee iau/iuo
ia?eiaee/aneeo eieaaaiee. ?annayiea cia/aiee ia?aiaiiie o a
noaoeeiia?iii neo/aeiii i?ioeanna ii?aaeaeyaiia SYMBOL 115 \f "Symbol"
\s 10 s =const oaeaea aoaeao ana a?aiy iaeeiaeiaui, iiaeiaii iinoiyiiiio
cia/aieth n?aaeiaeaaae?aoe/iiai ioeeiiaiey iau/iuo onoaiiaeaoeony
eieaaaiee io n?aaeiae eeiee.
Aiaeiae/iui ia?acii e aeaoia?iay ieioiinoue aa?iyoiinoe oaeaea aoaeao
iaeia e oa aea aeey iaeiiai e oiai aea i?iiaaeooea
e oaeaea aeey n-ia?iie ieioiinoe aa?iyoiinoe.
Caaeaiea anao yoeo ooieoeee ?ani?aaeaeaiey ieioiinoe ii?aaeaeyao
neo/aeiue i?ioeann. Iaeiaei aieaa oaeiaii eiaoue aeaei n iaeioi?uie
in?aaeiaiiuie e oa?aeoa?enoeeaie i?ioeanna.
I?aaeaea /ai ia?aeoe e iei, ioiaoei aeaa aaaeiuo aeey i?aeoeee naienoaa.
1. Ia?aie/eaaynue oieueei noaoeeiia?iuie neo/aeiuie i?ioeannaie, iiaeii
aoaeao ii?aaeaeeoue oieueei onoaiiaeaoeany (noaoeeiia?iua) aeeiaie/aneea
ioeaee aaoiiaoe/aneeo nenoai i?e neo/aeiuo aicaeaenoaeyo. Oaeie i?eai
i?eiaiyeny e ?aiaa i?e ?anniio?aiee ?aaoey?iuo aicaeaenoaee, eiaaea
ii?aaeaeyeenue aeeiaie/aneea naienoaa nenoai ?aaoee?iaaiey ii aaee/eia
aeeiaie/aneeo ioeaie a onoaiiaeaoainy ia?eiaee/aneii ?aaeeia.
2. Noaoeeiia?iua neo/aeiua i?ioeannu iaeaaeatho caia/aoaeueiui
naienoaii, eioi?ia ecaanoii iiae iacaaieai y?aiaee/aneie aeiioacu.
Aeey noaoeeiia?iiai neo/aeiiai i?ioeanna n aa?iyoiinoueth, ?aaiie
aaeeieoea (o. a. i?aeoe/anee aeinoiaa?ii.
A naiii aeaea, iineieueeo aa?iyoiinoiua oa?aeoa?enoeee noaoeeiia?iiai
neo/aeiiai i?ioeanna oa/aieai a?aiaie ia iaiythony,oi aeeeoaeueiia
iaaethaeaiea neo/aeiiai i?ioeanna ia iaeiii iauaeoa (n?aaeiaa ii
a?aiaie) aeaao a n?aaeiai oaeoth aea ea?oeio, eae e aieueoia /enei
iaaethaeaiee, naeaeaiiia a iaeei e oio aea iiiaio a?aiaie ia aieueoii
/enea iaeeiaeiauo iauaeoia (n?aaeiaa ii iiiaeanoao).
Aeey iiiaeo neo/aaa nouanoaoao iaoaiaoe/aneia aeieacaoaeuenoai yoiai
naienoaa. Oiaaea iii naiaeeony e y?aiaee/aneie oai?aia.
Eoae, n?aaeiaa cia/aiea (iaoaiaoe/aneia iaeeaeaiea) aeey noaoeeiia?iiai
i?ioeanna aoaeao
Aiaeiae/iui ia?acii iiaoo auoue caienaiu iiiaiou aieaa aunieeo ii?yaeeia
— aeenia?ney, n?aaeiaeaaae?aoe/iia ioeeiiaiea e o. i.
Y?aiaee/aneay aeiioaca iicaieyao neeueii oi?iuaoue ana ?an/aou e
yenia?eiaiou. Iia iicaieyao aeey ii?aaeaeaiey o. D, SYMBOL 115 \f
"Symbol" \s 10 s :, aianoi ia?aeeaeueiiai eniuoaiey iiiaeo iaeiioeiiuo
nenoai a iaeei e oio aea iiiaio a?aiaie, iieueciaaoueny iaeiie e?eaie
o{t), iieo/aiiie i?e eniuoaiee iaeiie nenoaiu a oa/aiea aeeeoaeueiiai
a?aiaie.
Oaeei ia?acii, aaaeiia naienoai noaoeeiia?iiai neo/aeiiai i?ioeanna
ninoieo a oii, /oi ioaeaeueiay aai ?aaeecaoeey ia aaneiia/iii
i?iiaaeooea a?aiaie iieiinoueth ii?aaeaeyao niaie aanue neo/aeiue
i?ioeann ni anaie aan/eneaiiuie aiciiaeiuie aai ?aaeecaoeeyie. Yoei
naienoaii ia iaeaaeaao ieeaeie ae?oaie oei neo/aeiiai i?ioeanna.
Ei??aeyoeeiiiay ooieoeey
Ia/aeueiue ei??aeyoeeiiiue, iiiaio aeaoo cia/aiee neo/aeiie ooieoeee o
(t) e o (t1), acyouo a iiiaiou a?aiaio t e t1, iineo iacaaiea
ei??aeyoeeiiiie (aaoiei??aeyoeeiiiie) ooieoeee. Iia iiaeao auoue
iaeaeaia ec au?aaeaiey.
aaea w2 (x,t,x1, t1) — aeaoia?iay ieioiinoue aa?iyoiinoe.
Eiiaaea iiae ei??aeyoeeiiiie ooieoeeae iiieiatho oeaio?aeueiue
ei??aeyoeeiiiue iiiaio x (t) e x (t1), o.a.
Ei??aeyoeeiiiay ooieoeey yaeyaony aanueia oieaa?naeueiie oa?aeoa?enoeeie
aeey neo/aeiiai i?ioeanna. Iia ii?aaeaeyao caaeneiinoue neo/aeiie
aaee/eiu a iineaaeothuee iiiaio a?aiaie x(t1) io i?aaeoanoaothuaai
cia/aiey o (t) a iiiaio a?aiaie t. Yoi anoue ia?a nayce iaaeaeo ieie.
?anniio?ei iniiaiua naienoaa ei??aeyoeeiiiuo ooieoeee.
1. Ec ii?aaeaeaiey ei??aeyoeeiiiie ooieoeee neaaeoao naienoai neiiao?ee:
2. I?e t1=t ei??aeyoeeiiiay ooieoeey aeaao n?aaeiee eaaae?ao neo/aeiie
aaee/eiu, a R0(t,t1)—aeenia?neth:
3. Iiaeii iieacaoue, /oi i?eaaaeaiea e neo/aeiui aaee/eiai i?iecaieueiuo
ianeo/aeiuo aaee/ei ia iaiyao eo ei??aeyoeeiiiuo iiiaioia e aeenia?nee.
Iiyoiio ei??aeyoeeiiiay ooieoeey R0 (t,t1) ia eciaieony, anee e
neo/aeiie ooieoeee aeiaaaeoue i?iecaieueioth ianeo/aeioth ooieoeeth. Yoi
naienoai ia ioiineony e ooieoeee R (t, t1), oae eae aeiaaaeaiea
ianeo/aeiuo aaee/ei e neo/aeiui eciaiyao ia/aeueiua iiiaiou. A yoii
neo/aa ei??aeyoeeiiiay ooieoeey aoaeao ?aaia noiia ei??aeyoeeiiiuo
ooieoeee neo/aeiie e ianeo/aeiie ooieoeee.
Aiaeiae/ii ei??aeyoeeiiiie ooieoeee iiaeii aaanoe iiiyoea acaeiiie
ei??aeyoeeiiiie ooieoeee aeey aeaoo neo/aeiuo aaee/ei o (t) e o (t):
A neo/aa oiaeaeanoaaiiiai ?aaainoaa ioeth acaeiiie ei??aeyoeeiiiie
ooieoeee neo/aeiua ooieoeee o (t) e o (t) iacuaatho iaei??aee?iaaiiuie.
.Anee acaeiiay ei??aeyoeeiiiay ooieoeey ioee/ia io ioey, oi o {t) e o
{t) iinyo iacaaiea ei??aee?iaaiiuo neo/aeiuo ooieoeee.
A neo/aa noaoeeiia?iinoe i?ioeanna ei??aeyoeeiiiua ooieoeee R (t, ti) e
R0 (t, ti) ia aoaeoo caaenaoue io oaeouaai cia/aiey a?aiaie t e aoaeoo
ii?aaeaeyoueny oieueei a?aiaiiui naeaeaii SYMBOL 116 \f "Symbol" \s 10
t = t1—t.
Niaeo?aeueiay ieioiinoue noaoeeiia?iuo i?ioeannia
?anniio?ei oae iacuaaaioth yia?aaoe/aneoth oi?io eioaa?aea Oo?uea. Anee
?anniao?eaaaony iaeioi?ay neo/aeiay ooieoeey a?aiaie o {t), oi aeey iaa
yoe oi?ioeu iiaoo auoue caienaiu a aeaea
Aicueiai eaaae?ao iiaeoey ecia?aaeaiey Oo?uea [ F (iw)) ]2 e
i?ieioaa?e?oai ii anai /anoioai io—ii aei -ii n aeaeaieai ?acoeueoaoa ia
2n:
A iineaaeiai au?aaeaiee eaaae?ao iiaeoey caiaiai i?iecaaaeaieai
nii?yaeaiiuo eiiieaenia F (iw) e F (—iw). Ecia?aaeaiea Oo?uea F (iw)
caiaiei au?aaeaieai
Aaee/eia, iaoiaeyuayny a eaaae?aoiuo neiaeao, eae iao?oaeii aeaeaoue,
yaeyaony enoiaeiie ooieoeeae a?aiaie. Iiyoiio a ?acoeueoaoa iieo/aaony
oae iacuaaaiay oi?ioea ?aeay (oai?aia Ia?naaaey), eioi?ay e
niioaaonoaoao yia?aaoe/aneie oi?ia eioaa?aea Oo?uea:
Iiaenoaaeyy w = 2nf, iieo/ei
I?aaay /anoue i?aaenoaaeyao niaie aaee/eio, i?iii?oeeiiaeueioth yia?aee
?anniao?eaaaiiai i?ioeanna. Oae, iai?eia?, anee ?anniao?eaaaony oie,
i?ioaeathuee ii iaeioi?iio nii?ioeaeaieth R, oi yia?aey, auaeaeeaoayny a
yoii nii?ioeaeaiee ca a?aiy t, aoaeao
Ec (11.58) e (11.59) auoaeaao, /oi aeey iaoiaeaeaiey yia?aee
?anniao?eaaaiiai i?ioeanna ca aaneiia/iue eioa?aae iaaethaeaiey n ?aaiui
iniiaaieai iiaeii eioaa?e?iaaoue eaaae?ao ooieoeee a?aiaie ii anaio
a?aiaie io —ii aei +oo eee eioaa?e?iaaoue eaaae?ao iiaeoey ecia?aaeaiey
Oo?uea ii anai /anoioai io—ii aei +ii.
Iaeiaei yoe oi?ioeu iaoaeiaiu oai, /oi aeey aieueoeinoaa i?ioeannia
yia?aey ca aaneiia/iue eioa?aae a?aiaie no?aieony oaeaea e
aaneiia/iinoe. Iiyoiio oaeiaiaa eiaoue aeaei ia n yia?aeae, a ni
n?aaeiae iiuiinoueth i?ioeanna, eioi?ay aoaeao iieo/aia, anee yia?aeth
iiaeaeeoue ia eioa?aae iaaethaeaiey. Oiaaea oi?ioeo iiaeii i?aaenoaaeoue
a aeaea
I?aaay /anoue i?aaenoaaeyao niaie n?aaeiee eaaae?ao ?anniao?eaaaiie
aaee/eiu o {t). Aaiaey iaicia/aiea
iiaeii ia?aienaoue oi?ioeoa aeaea
eea a aeaea
Aaee/eia S (w) eee S (2ef) iineo iacaaiea niaeo?aeueiie ieioiinoe.
Aaaeiui naienoaii niaeo?aeueiie ieioiinoe yaeyaony oi, /oi
eioaa?e?iaaiea aa ii anai /anoioai io —ii aei + ii aeaao n?aaeiee
eaaae?ao enoiaeiie ooieoeee a?aiaie o (t).
Ii naiaio oece/aneiio niuneo niaeo?aeueiay ieioiinoue anoue aaee/eia,
eioi?ay i?iii?oeeiiaeueia n?aaeiae iiuiinoe i?ioeanna a eioa?aaea /anoio
io w aei w+ dw.
A iaeioi?uo neo/ayo niaeo?aeueioth ieioiinoue ?anniao?eaatho oieueei
aeey iieiaeeoaeueiuo /anoio, oaeaaeaay aa i?e yoii, /oi iiaeii
naeaeaoue, oae eae niaeo?aeueiay ieioiinoue yaeyaony /aoiie ooieoeeae
/anoiou. Oiaaea, iai?eia?, oi?ioea aeieaeia auoue caienaia a aeaea
aaea S0 (w) = 2S(w) — niaeo?aeueiay ieioiinoue aeey iieiaeeoaeueiuo
/anoio. Iaeiaei a aeaeueiaeoai eceiaeaiee aoaeao ?anniao?eaaoueny
niaeo?aeueiay ieioiinoue, niioaaonoaothuay anaio aeeaiaciio /anoio io
—ii aei +-ii, oae eae i?e yoii oi?ioeu iieo/atho aieaa neiiao?e/iue
oa?aeoa?.
Eae aeaeii ec yoiai ?anniio?aiey, naycue iaaeaeo aeaeii
niaeo?aeueiie ieioiinoe e aeaeii ooieoeee a?aiaie iieo/aaony ia?aoiie
ii n?aaiaieth ni naycueth iaaeaeo ei??aeyoeeiiiie ooieoeeae e naiei
i?ioeannii Ionthaea auoaeaao, /oi aieaa «oe?ieiio» a?aoeeo
niaeo?aeueiie ieioiinoe aeieaeai niioaaonoaiaaoue aieaa «oceee» a?aoee
ei??aeyoeeiiiie ooieoeee e iaiai?io.
Au/eneaiea niaeo?aeueiie ieioiinoe iaoaeiaii aeaeaoue ii niioiioaieth,
oae eae yoi naycaii n o?oaeiinoueth i?aaeaeueiiai ia?aoiaea. Iau/ii
niaeo?aeueiay ieioiinoue au/eneyaony ii ecaanoiie ei?aeyoeeiiiie
ooieoeee i?e iiiiue oi?ioe?an/aou ii ieieioio n?aaeiaeaaae?aoe/iie
ioeaee
Anee ia aaoiiaoe/aneoth nenoaio aeaenoaotho iaeiia?aiaiii iieaciue
neaiae e iiiaoa, oi aicieeaao caaea/a iioeiaeueiiai ?an/aoa nenoaiu n
oai, /oiau iieo/eoue iaeiaiueooth ?acoeueoe?othuoth ioeaeo. N oi/ee
c?aiey iaeeo/oaai aini?iecaaaeaiey iieaciiai neaiaea nenoaia aeieaeia
eiaoue aiciiaeii aieueooth iieino i?iioneaiey, a n oi/ee c?aiey
iaeeo/oaai iiaeaaeaiey iiiaoe nenoaia, iaiai?io, aeieaeia eiaoue
aiciiaeii iaiueooth iieino i?iioneaiey. E?eoa?eai iieo/aiey
iioeiaeueiiai ?aoaiey caeanue aoaeao ieieiaeueiia cia/aiea
?acoeueoe?othuae ioeaee nenoaiu, ii?aaeaeyaiie iieaciui neaiaeii e
iiiaoie.
Aeey neo/aeiuo aaee/ei iaeaieaa i?inoi ii?aaeaeeoue
n?aaeiaeaaae?aoe/ioth ioeaeo, iiyoiio aa e eniieuecotho aeey ioeaiee
oi/iinoe aaoiiaoe/aneie nenoaiu.
?anniio?ei ?an/ao nenoaiu ii e?eoa?eth ieieioia n?aaeiaeaaae?aoe/iie
ioeaee i?e iaeiia?aiaiiii aeaenoaee iieaciiai neaiaea e iiiaoe.
Niaeanii yoiio e?eoa?eth, iaaeaeaoaeueiinoue ioeaee i?iii?oeeiiaeueia
eaaae?aoo aa aaee/aiu. Oaeay iinoaiiaea yaeyaony /anoi eiae/iie, ii iia
ia iiaeao, eiia/ii, i?aoaiaeiaaoue ia iieioth oieaa?naeueiinoue. A
iaeioi?uo neo/ayo iai?eia? i?e no?aeueaa ii eaeie-eeai oeaee, ana
ioeaee, aieueoea iaeioi?iai cia/aiey, yaeythony iaeeiaeiai
iaaeaeaoaeueiuie. Iaeiaei n?aaeiee eaaae?ao ioeaee nenoaiu ?aaoee?iaaiey
i?aeoe/anee ai anao neo/ayo yaeyaony iaeaieaa i?inoi au/eneyaiie
aaee/eiie, /oi e ii?aaeaeeei eniieueciaaiea yoiai e?eoa?ey.
Aiciiaeiu ianeieueei oi?ioee?iaie caaea/e. Iaeaieaa i?inoi caaea/a
iiaeao auoue noi?ioee?iaaia oae. Anee eiaaony 'eaeay-oi nenoaia
aaoiiaoe/aneiai ?aaoee?iaaiey caaeaiiie no?oeoo?u, oi iaiaoiaeeii oae
aua?aoue ia?aiao?u yoie nenoaiu, /oiau .iieo/eoue ieieioi
n?aaeiaeaaae?aoe/iie ioeaee i?e caaeaiiuo noaoenoe/aneeo oa?aeoa?enoeeao
iieaciiai neaiaea e iiiaoe.
Yoa caaea/a ?aoaaony neaaeothuei ia?acii. Ii niaeo?aeueiie ieioiinoe
ioeaee iooai aa eioaa?e?iaaiey iaoiaeeony aeenia?ney. Aeenia?ney
iieo/aaony caaenyuae io aa?iyoiinoiuo oa?aeoa?enoee iieaciiai neaiaea,
iiiaoe e ia?aiao?ia nenoaiu. Caoai euoony oneiaey, eioi?ua aeieaeiu
auoue
iaeiaeaiu ia ia?aiao?u nenoaiu, /oiau iieo/eoue ieieioi aeenia?nee. I?e
aeinoaoi/ii i?inoii au?aaeaiee aeey aeenia?nee yoi iiaeao auoue
ii?aaeaeaii iaiin?aaenoaaiiui aeeooa?aioee?iaaieai e i?e?aaieaaieai
ioeth /anoiuo i?iecaiaeiuo.
A aieaa neiaeiuo neo/ayo i?eoiaeeony eneaoue ieieioi aeenia?nee iooai
/eneiaiai caaeaiey eioa?anothueo ia?aiao?ia e iino?iaiey
niioaaonoaothueo a?aoeeia, a oaeaea ?an/aoii ia YAI.
Iaoiaeaeaiea iioeiaeueiie ia?aaeaoi/iie ooieoeee aua ia icia/aao, /oi
?aaeueiay aaoiiaoe/aneay nenoaia iiaeao auoue auiieiaia iioeiaeueiie,
oae eae ?aaeecaoeey aa iiaeao Iuoue nii?yaeaia n aieueoeie o?oaeiinoyie.
Iioeiaeueioth ia?aaeaoi/ioth ooieoeeth, ca eneeth/aieai i?inoaeoeo
neo/aaa, neaaeoao n/eoaoue eaeaaeueiie ooieoeeae, e eioi?ie ii
aiciiaeiinoe iaaei no?aieoueny i?e auiieiaiee ?aaeueiie aaoiiaoe/aneie
nenoaiu,
Eeoa?aoo?a
A. A. Ai?iiia. Iniiau oai?ee aaoiiaoe/aneiai ?aaoee?iaaiey e oi?aaeaiey
A. A. Aanaea?neee, A. I. Iiiia Oai?ey nenoai aaoiiaoe/aneiai
?aaoee?iaaiey
ss. C. Oeuieei. Iniiau oai?ee aaoiiaoe/aneeo nenoai
A. A. Ai?iiia. Iniiau oai?ee aaoiiaoe/aneiai ?aaoee?iaaiey e oi?aaeaiey
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