16
Naeaaaeny a IAEO ioeaiea OI?..( y iaaeathnue aai iiaacao aieueoa …………:)
)
Aiaoaoeey.
Iie eo?niaie i?iaeo ninoieo ec aeaaiaaeoeaoe eenoia eioi?iaoeee e o?ao
noai .Yoio i?iaeo iaienai ii ?aaeueiie oe?ia ?aaioathuae ia oa?eoi?ee
ai?iaea Iineau . A aeaiiii i?iaeoa auee eniieueciaaiu neaaeothuea
oa?ieiu :
– eioeyoeey ;
– ienney ;
– yooaeoeaiinoue ;
– eaieoaeiiai?io ;
– no?aoaae/aneay iai?aaeaiiinoue .
Niaea?aeaiea .
Aaaaeaiea……………………………………………………….3
Ienney e oeaee oe?iu ……………………………………….4
Iiaeai? ia?niiaea…………………………………………….7
No?aoaaey oe?iu……………………………………………..7
No?oeoo?a “YIE-I” e niiniau aa
niaa?oainoaiaaiey………………………………………….9
Auaiae……..……………………………………………………11
Eniieueciaaiiay eeoa?aoo?a……………………………….12
Aaaaeaiea.
Iiy i?aaiecaoeey – iaeay , /anoiay , no?ieoaeueiay oe?ia “YIE-I”
i?aaieciaaiiay a 1995 aiaeo a?oiiie /anoiuo eeoe , eioi?ua ?aoeee
ioaeaeeoueny io aieaa e?oiiie ainoaea?noaaiiie i?aaiecaoeee . A
nia?aiaiiii iauanoaa oaeea i?aaiecaoeee caieiathony naiuie
?aciiia?aciuie aeaeaie ?aaio . Iie ia oieueei caieiathony iino?ieeie
iaeuo aeeeuo e i?iiuoeaiuo nii?oaeaiee ii oaeaea e ioaeaeeie yoeo
iiiauaiee , oi?aiaeae i?iecaaaeiuo naiinoiyoaeueii no?ieoaeueiuo
iaoa?eaeia e?iia yoiai iie aua caieiathony eae au iin?aaeie/aneie
?aaioie o.a. ninoaaeaiea niao e i?iaeoia aeey ae?oaeo iaaieueoeo oe?i
iieo/ay ca yoi i?ioeaio io aoaeouae ?aaiou .
No?ieoaeueiua oe?iu , aicieeatho ec oicyenoaaiiuo iio?aaiinoae aieaa
e?oiiuo i?aaiecaoeee eioi?ua ia eiatho a?aiaie e eeoieo eaieoaeia aeey
inouanoaeaiey naieo iaiaa aaaeiuo caaea/ , ii oaeaea yoe oe?iu aicieeath
aeey oaeieaoai?aiey ia?iaeiioicyenoaaiiuo iio?aaiinoae oaeea eae ?aiiiou
eaa?oe? , no?ieoaeuenoai aea/ e iaeuo eioaaeaeae io e o.ae.. Aecian
oaeeo oe?i, eo eiiia?oeey, iiyoiio e ninoieo eneeth/eoaeueii a
aeinoeaeaiee nianoaaiuo , eiaeeaeaeoaeueiuo oeaeae a oae aea oeaeae
i?aaei?eyoey noiyuaai “iaae iei”, aeayoaeueiinoue oaeie oe?iu eae
yeiiiie/aneiai i?aaei?eyoey ia iineo iauanoaaiiue oa?aeoa? o.e. oe?ia
nicaeaaony eae /anoiia , eiiia?/aneia i?aaei?eyoea, iia ia iiaeao
auiieiyoue ie aeaaioai?eoaeueiuo caaea/, ie aacaicaeiacaeioth
iiaeaea?aeeo ia?iaeiiai oicyenoaa.
Ethaia i?aaei?eyoea, oe?ia, i?aaiecaoeey ninoieo ec eo
aioo?aiieo yeaiaioia. E iniiaiui yeaiaioai aioo?aiiae n?aaeu
i?aaiecaoeee ioiinyony:
– ienney i?aaiecaoeee
– oeaee
– aeaeiaay no?aoaaey
– ethaee
– no?oeoo?a
– ?ano?nu
– oaoiieiaee.
Ieaea i?aaenoaaeaia noaia acaeiiaeaenoaey yoeo yeaiaioia:
Noaia ? 1
Ec noaiu iu aeaeei, /oi ana yoe yeaiaiou acaeiinaycaiu e anee
i?iecieaeao eciaiaiea iaeiiai ec yoeo, oi yoi iiaea/ao e eciaiaiea
ae?oaeo. Aeaeaa iu iiae?iaiae ?aniio?ei eaaeaeue yeaiaio a
ioaeaeueiinoe.
Ienney e oeaee oe?iu .
Ienney anao oaeeo i?aaiecaoeee ninoieo a
oaoie/anei-iaoa?eaeueiie iiaeaea?aeea e?oiiuo i?aaei?eyoee e
i?aaiecaoeee a oae aea ea?aao eneeth/eoaeueii aaaeioth ?ieue a ?acaeoee
oicyenoaaiiuo no?oeoo?. Io yooaeoeaiinoe e aania?aaieiinoe
ooieoeeiie?iaaiey yoeo oe?i caaenyo ia oieueei nia?aiaiiay
i?iiuoeaiinoue e ia?iaeiia oicynoai , ii e oaiiu yeiiiie/aneiai
?acaeoey no?aiu a oeaeii o.e. iie yaeythony iniiaiuie
iaeiaiieaoaeueoeeaie , iaania/eaatho i?eee/iue i?ioeaio ?aai/eo iano a
oae aea yaeythony o/aaiie aacie aeey thiuo niaoeeaeenoia .
*oi aea eanaaony oe?iu “YIE-I” , a eioi?ii y ?aaioath, oi iia yaeyaony
oeie/iui i?aaenoaaeoaeai iaeiai aeciana a Iineaa o.a. ia?aciaaiiay ca
n/ao eaieoaeia /anoiuo eeoe , eioi?ua yaeythoueny iniiaiuie
nio?oaeieeaie oe?iu , e yaeyaony i?aaiecaoeeae i?aneaaeothuae
nianoaaiiua oeaee .
Yoa oe?ia ia eiaao ii?aaeaeaiie iai?aaeaiinoe oae eae iia iiaeae?aao
ia?niiae e eaaeaeiio aeaeo ?aaio a caaeneiinoe io naciia . Iniiaiay
aeiey eeeaioia iiae oe?iu yaeythony e?oiiua i?aaei?eyoey , oaeea aea
iaeua i?aaei?eyoey ( o eioi?uo anoue caeacu eioi?ua iie ia iiaoo
auiieieoue naie e eioi?ua iie iiaoo ia?i?iaeaoue ) , a oae aea /aoiua
eeoea , aeaeathuea caeacu ia oa eee eiua aeaeu no?ieoaeueiuo ?aaio e
yaeythueany oae aea iniiaiuie iieoiaoaeyie no?ieoaeueiuo iaoa?eaeia . A
niioaaonoaee n yoei e ii?aaeaeyaony ae ienney – niaeaenoaiaaoue
iiaeaea?aeaieth e oe?aieaieth i?aaei?eyoee e i?aaiecaoeee,
ianeoaeeaaaiuo oe?iie , iooai i?aaeinoaaeaiey ei ea/anoaaiiuo
no?ieoaeueiuo oneoa oaeei ia?acii e a oaeii iauaia, eioi?ua
niioaaonoaotho aunieei i?ioanneiiaeueiui noaiaea?oai, iaania/eaathuei
oai naiui niioaaonoaothuoth i?eaueue nio?oaeieeai oe?iu e i?eoie
aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa a iai?ioiua oiiaeu .
Ia iniiaa iauae iennee oi?ioee?othony e onoaiaaeeaathony oeaee
i?aaei?eyoey – eiie?aoiua eiia/iua ninoiyiey eee aeaeaaiue ?acoeueoao,
eioi?iai no?aieony aeinoeaiooue i?aaei?eyoea.
Oeaee ethaie no?ieoaeueiie i?aaiecaoeee ii?aaeaeythony n iiceoeee aai
aeioiaeiinoe, ?aioaaaeueiinoe , iaoa?eaei iaania/aiinoe , eiee/anoaa aai
eeeaioo?u ( e noaiaie aa oeiainiaie iaania/aiinoe ) , no?oeoo?u e
iai?aaeaiee aa aeayoaeueiinoe.
Iniiaiay oeaeue ethaiai i?aaei?eyoey (eiaaony a aeaeo, eiia/ii,
eiiia?/aneia) – iieo/aiea i?eauee. E iaoa oe?ia a aeaiiii neo/aa ia
yaeyaony eneeth/aiea. A oneiaeyo eioeyoeee iaeui oe?iai i/aiue ia
auaiaeii caeeth/aoue aeieain?i/iua eiio?aeou ia no?ieoaeueiua ?aaiou oae
eae no?ieoaeuenoai yaeyony aeinoaoi/ii aeieaei i?ioeannii . Eiaaea
nionoy ianyoe ia iao n/ao i?eoiaeeo iieaoa oi iu eiia/ii aea oa?yi
ii?aaeaeaiua i?ioeaiou i?eauee /oi i?eaiaeeo e oiaiueoaieth ?inoa
iai?ioiuo oiiaeia oai naiui caiaaeeyy ?ino naiie oe?iu . A yoii neo/aa
i?eoiaeeoueny iiaeuiaoue oa?eou ia oneoae oe?iu , eeai ia?aiineoue
aaeain ?aai/ae neeu ia oi?aiaeth /oi iau/ii aeaao noaaeeueioth i?eaueue
. A aeaiiia a?aiy a Iineaa caia/aaony ?ino iaeuo no?ieoaeueiuo oe?i /oi
i?eaiaeeo e aeanoeie eiieo?aioeee e iiiuoeao nicaeaoue iinoiyiioth
eeeaioo?o iaania/eaathuoth iinoiyiiue i?eoie aeaiaaeiuo e iaoa?eaeueiuo
( a ea/anoaa iaoa?eaeueiuo eiaaony a aeaeo iaiai nianoaaiiie
i?iaeoeoeeae n ae?oaeie iaeuie oe?iaie n oeaeueth eae iiaeii ?aaea
eniieueciaaoue iai?ioiue e ?aca?aiue eaieoae ) n?aaenoa .
Ia iaiaa aaaeiie caaea/ae yaeyaony iaania/aiea oe?iu iinoiyiiuie
eeeaioaie . Oae eae naiuiua aeaaii?eyoiua eeeaiou iaeuo no?ieoaeueiuo
i?aaiecaoeee , /anoiua eeoea , a iniiaiii yaeythony naciiiie ?aaioie oi
iai i?eoiaeeoueny eneaoue eeeaioo?o n?aaee aieueoeo ainoaea?noaaiiuo
i?aaei?eyoee , a oae aea ?aaioo iiaoo i?aaeeiaeeoue i?aoaeoo?u
?acee/iuo ?aeiiia Iineau ( a iniiaiii yoi i?aoaeoo?a ?aeiia a eioi?i
?aniieaaaaony naia oe?ia ) . I?e ?aaioa n eeeaioaie noieo o/eouaaoue eae
au “i?eioeui aania” : ia iaeiie /aoa eiee/anoai ?aaiou a ia ae?oaie
a?aiy iieaou . Iai?eia? : anee ?aaioaoue n aieueoei ainoaea?noaaiiui
i?aaei?eyoeai auiieiyy neaaeai caeac ia iie?aneo aaoiiiuo noai
ia?aaeaeaiey , oi caeac aoaeao ia aieueooth noiio , auiiiaiea aoaeao
aeiionoei a oa/aiea iaeiie aeaoo iaaeaeue a iieaoa aoaeao a oa/aiea
ianyoea oae eae a aieueoii i?aaei?eyoee noiiiu ioioneathony : ai-ia?auo
– /a?ac aoaaeoa?eth ; ai-aoi?uo – aieueoainoai aieueoeo i?aaei?eyoee
ieaoyo oaeei oe?iai n aeieaia iieo/aiuo io ae?oaeo i?aaei?eyoee ; e
a-o?aoueeo – aeaiueae eaeoo /a?ac aaie o.a. yaeythony aaciaee/iuie e
o?aaotho cao?ao a?aiaie ia eo ia?aaiae . Auaiaeii caeanue yaeyaony /oi
caeacu aieueoeo i?aaiecaoeee ia yaeythony iinoiyiiuie oae eae iie
oi?iicyo ?acaeoea oe?iu ( ii iiaeaea?aeeaatho aa ia ieaao ) . Ae?oaei
i?eia?ii iiaeao noaoue /anoiia eeoei , aeaeathuaa neaaeai caeac ia
aa?i?aiiio eaa?oe?u , caeanue caeac auiieiyaony ieiei iaaeaee ,
oeiaine?iaaiea eaeao ca n/ao eeeaioa a iieaoa ii/oe anaaaea yaeyaony
iaee/iie . Auaiaeii caeanue yaeyaony oi /oi oaeea eeeaiou yaeythony
iaeiei ec aeaeaaoaeae ?inoa ii i?iaeaia caeeth/aaony /oi oaeea caeacu
iaei/eneaiu . Nouanoaoao oae aea ?aaioa eioi?ay iaania/eaaao iinoiyiiue
i?e?ino aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa – yoa oi?aiaey – iia ia oae neeueii caaeneo
caaeneo io aeaiiiai i?eioeeia ii e caeanue nouanoaotho naie ithainu .
Oioy iu e ia yaeyainy oi?aiaie i?aaiecaoeeae iai i?eoiaeeoueny
auoiaeeoue ia ?uiie aeey iaania/aiey iiaeaea?aeee oe?iu eiaaea iia
iaoiaeeoueny aac ii?iaeueiie ?aaiou . Iau/ii oe?ia ia caieiaaony
i?iecaiaenoaii e ia?ai?iaeaaeae no?ie iaoa?eaeia ai a?aiy naciia
no?ieoaeueiuo ?aaio ( yoi i?eia?ii n ai?aey ii ieoya?ue ) oae eae yoi
caieiaao i?iecaiaenoaaiiue ia?niiae eioi?ue o?aaoaony aeey iiauoaiey
nei?inoe e ea/anoaa ?aaio .
Oaaee/aiea nianoaaiiiai eaieoaea – caaea/a, eioi?ay noieo ia?aae oe?iie
ia i?ioyaeaiee anaai ia?eiaea aa aeayoaeueiinoe. Aaee/eia nianoaaiiiai
eaieoaea ii?aaeaeyao aai aiciiaeiinoe a iaai?a ia?niiaea , caeoiee aieaa
ea/anoaaiiuo iaoa?eaeia , i?eaa?aoaiea iiaiai
( nia?aiaiiiai ) iai?oaeiaaiey e o.i.
Iiaeai? ia?niiaea.
Eiaaea aiai?yo i aunieieeanniie no?ieoaeueiie oe?ia , oi eiatho a aeaeo
i?aaeaea anaai oe?io, iaeaaeathuee aunieieaaeeoeoee?iaaiiuie eaae?aie. E
yoi ia neo/aeii. E iai i?eoiaeyo eeeaiou ia oieueei aeey oiai /oi au
i?aaeeiaeeoue iai auiieiaiea oie eee eiie ?aaiou , ii e aeey oiai, /oiau
ainiieueciaaoueny niaaoii ia?niiaea a ?acee/iuo iaeaoyo no?ieoaeuenoaa
, eae i?aaeeueiaa i?aaieciaaoue no?ieoaeuenoai io neaaeai aea/e ia
?aniueyy n?aaenoaa ia ia ioaeiua ?aaiou e iaoa?eaeu. ?acoiaaony, aeey
iaania/aiey iiaeiaiiai ea/anoaa ?aaiou, a iaoae oe?ia auea noi?ie?iaaia
neeueiay eiiaiaea , ec ianoiyueo i?ioanneiiaeia a naiae iaeanoe,
niiniaiay iiaeaea?aeeaaoue aai aunieee i?ioanneiiaeueiue aaoi?eoao.
A iniiao ?aaiou iaoae oe?iu iieaeaiu e i?eioeuiu ia?eaoeiaa , iiyoiio
iaiaeiaaaeiie oeaeueth oe?iu yaeyaony ?acaeoea ia?eaoeiaiaie nenoaiu ,
/oi aeeth/aao a naay:
– ?anoe?aiea e oeo/oaiea ea/anoaa i?aaeinoaaeyaiuo eeeaioai
oneoa;
– eco/aiea aeayoaeueiinoe ae?oaeo oe?i;
– i?iaaaeaiea iaiaoiaeeiuo ?aeeaiiuo ia?ii?eyoee;
– iaania/aiea aeinooiiinoe iaiaoiaeeiie eeeaioo eioi?iaoeee.
No?aoaaey oe?iu.
*oiau iaania/eoue inouanoaeaiea iennee “YIE-I” e aeinoeaeaiea aai oeaeae
iaiaoiaeei aeaoaeueiue ananoi?iiiee eiiieaeniue ieai iacuaaaiue
no?aoaaeae oe?iu . ssniay noaoaae/aneay i?eaioaoeey oe?iu aeaao ae
cia/eoaeueiue eiioeuen aeey ?acaeoey i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie
aeayoaeueiinoe.
N iiceoeee no?aoaaee, iai?aaeaiiie ia iieo/aiea noaaeeueiie i?eauee,
/oiau i?eniiniaeoueny e oiaiueoaieth aeioiaeiinoe a nayce n eioeyoeeae
iaiaoiaeeii eciaieoue anth no?oeoo?o naiae ?aaiou. A ia?aoth i/a?aaeue
iaaei aea?aeaoue ?aca?aiue oiiae a eiino?aiie aaethoa /oi oioue e ia
aeaao i?ioeaioa ii noaaeeueii caueuaao io eoeyoeee . Oae aea aua iiaeii
aeeaaeuaaoue aeaiueae a oeaiiua aoiaae , a aeoeee iai?eia? , /oi aoaeao
aeaaaoue iinoiyiioth i?eaueue e caueuaoue io eioeyoeee .
No?aoaaey ethaie no?ieoaeueiie oe?iu iaiuneeia aac ia?auaiey e aa
ia?niiaeo. Iaee/ea neeueiie i?ioanneiiaeueiie eiiaiaeu eiaao
ia?ainoaiaiiia cia/aiea aeey iaania/aiey oniaoiiai ooieoeeiie?iaaiey
oe?iu a nia?aiaiiuo oneiaeyo.
Aeey oi?ie?iaaiey oaeiai eieeaeoeaa iaiaoiaeeii i?eaea?aeeaaoueny
neaaeothueo i?eioeeiia. Ai-ia?auo, ia ?aaioo a oe?io iaycaoaeueii a?aoue
ethaeae, eiathueo niaoeeaeueioth iiaeaioiaeo – no?ieoaeueiua oe?iu
ioaeaeathony ia i?inoi a niaoeeaeenoao, a a aeaenoaeoaeueii
i?ioanneiiaeao a naiae iaeanoe, iioaioeeae eioi?uo aianoa n oaoie/aneie
iniauaiinoueth oe?iu niiniaai auaanoe oe?io ia aieaa aunieee o?iaaiue
ea/anoaa e ianeoaeeaaiey eeeaioia . Ai-aoi?uo, i?e i?eaia ia ?aaioo
neaaeoao i?iaiaeeoue oanoe?iaaiea , iicaieythuaa ii?aaeaeeoue
aiciiaeiinoe i?aoaiaeaioa . A iaoae oe?ia i?aeoeeoaony “eniuoaoaeueiue
n?ie” i?aoaiaeaioo ia ?aai/aa ianoi a oe?ia aeaaony iaeia iaaeaey , n
iaaieueoie iieaoie o?oaea , a oa/aiea yoiai n?iea ii ?aaioaa iiae
i?eniio?ii niaoeeaeenoa eioi?ue ioeaieaaao aai ?aaioo , auyaeyao
i?eaiouanoaa iaaeinoaoee e ioeaieaaao aai o?iaaiue ?aaiou . A-o?aoueeo,
i?e i?eaia ia ?aaioo neaaeoao o/eouaaoue ?aai/ee noaae , e ii
aiciiaeiinoe naeaaeoao auynieoue n eaeie oe?iu i?eoae /aeiaae e ii/aio
aai ia ono?ieei oi ?aai/aa ianoi . A-/aoaa?ouo , ioaeii o/eouaaoue
nioeeaeueiia iieiaeaiea /aeiaaea : aeaiao ii eee iao , eiathony ee aeaoe
, iano?ie a naiuea e o.ae. ( Naiuey e ie?oaeaiea /aeiaaea yaeythony
iniiaiuie noeioeaie ?aaiou ) . A-iyouo , iaaei o/eouaaoue ianiue ee
/aeiaae eee i?eacaeee ( Anee ianoiue oi iaiaoiaeeii nia?aoue anth
aiciiaeioth i iai eioi?iaoeeth ) yoi aeaao aiciiaeiinoue ii?aaeaeeoue
noaaeeueiinoue aai ?aaiou e niioaaonaaiii o/eouaathony cao?aou ia aai
niaea?aeaiea . Auoa auee i?aaaaeaiu iniiaiua ec i?eioeeiia i?e i?eaia
ia ?aaioo a iaoo oe?io ii nouanoaoao aua i/aiue iiiai ia?aiao?ia eioi?ua
neaaeoao i?ieoe /oi au iieo/eoue iinoiyiioth , oi?ioi iiea/eaaaioth
?aaioo . Eaaeaeay /anoiay oe?ia iiaeae?ay ia?niiae i?aaeaea anaai
aeoiaao i oie i?eauee eioi?oth iiaeao i?eianoe aeaiiue /aeiaae a aa
eieaeoeaa .
N iiceoeee no?aoaaee iaeiei ec oeaio?aeueiuo aii?inia yaeyaony aii?in i
iioeaaoeee e o?oaeo, caeioa?aniaaiiinoe ia?niiaea i?aaiecaoeee a
yooaeoeaiie ?aaioa. Caeanue nouanoaoao iiiaeanoai ithainia . Iai?eia?
iaeiiio /aeiaaeo aeey ii?iaeueiie ?aaiou ioaeai naiaeiue iieie ,
ae?oaiio ioaeii oaoie/anee iaania/aiinoue ?aai/aai ianoa , o?aoueaio
ioaeii noaaeeueiue eieaeoea a eioi?ii ii au ii/onoaiaae naay ioaeiui e
o.ae.. ss ee/ii n/eoath /oi aeaaiui anaoaee yaeyaony iaania/aiea aunieie
ca?aaioiie ieaou ia?niiaeo , anee o /aeiaaea i?eee/iay ca?ieaoa oi ii
niiaeao ?aoeoue iaeioi?ua naie i?iaeaiu oai naiui ioaeaaay naay aieueoa
?aaioa . Iaeiaei, iiauoaiea iieaou aeieaeii nii?iaiaeaeaoueny aieaa
aunieie ioaea/ae, eai ie/oi oae ia ?aca?auaao ethaeae, eae aunieay
ca?aaioiay ieaoa ca ianinoiyaoeeny o?oae. ss aeoiath /oi iaaei aeaoue
iiiyoue /aeiaaeo /oi aai iaoa?eaeueiia aeaaiiieo/ea caaeneo io
aeaaiiieo/ey oe?iu oiaaea oe?ia aoaeao e?ai/a aioo?e eethaee aoaeoo
?aaioaoue eae aeey naay , a ia oae /oi au oieueei caeii/eoue ?aai/ee
aeaiue e oeoe .
Oaeoi?ii, i?eaiaeyuei e oniaoo, yaeyaony oaeaea i?eaioaoeey oe?iu ia
eeeaioa. *oi aeey yoiai ioaeii? Iaeneioi i?inoiou, iaeneioi aieiaiey,
oaeianoa, aeinooiiinoue eioi?iaoeee, ia?oia?neea ioiioaiey iaaeaeo
oe?iie e eeeaioii. Iieiay aeia?iaieueiinoue ai acaeiiioiioaieyo. E
eeeaioo iaaei ioiineoueny /anoii iieacuaay ana auaiaeu e iaaeinoaoee
noi?ii i?e caeeth/aiee eiio?aeoa . N iei iaaei ?acaiaa?eaaoue ia eae
i?iaeaaaoe n iieoiaoaeai a eae ?aaiue n ?aaiui aeaaay iiiyoue /oi aai
caeanue aeaeoo e iiaoo ?aoeoue ana aai i?iaeaiu .
Aaaeiaeoaa cia/aiea eiaao no?aoaaey cao?ao, i?eaioaoeey ia yeiiiieth
cao?ao o?oaea e nieaeaiea noieiinoe oneoa no?ieoaeueiie oe?iu .
No?oeoo?a “YIE-I” e niiniau aa
niaa?oainoaiaaiey.
A i?aaiecaoeee aeayoaeueiinoe oe?iu aeaeaei ia iineaaeiaa ianoi eiaao
aai no?oeoo?a. Iia ii?aaeaeyony aeaoiy iniiaiuie iiiaioaie – no?oeoo?ie
oi?aaeaiey oe?iie e no?oeoo?ie aai ooieoeeiiaeueiuo iiae?acaeaeaiee .
Iaoa oe?ia yaeyaony /anoiie e caeanue aeaaie oe?iu iau/ii/ii yaeyaony
aee?aeoi? . Ii n iiiiuueth a?eaaaee?ia e aooaaeoa?a ?oeiaiaeeo
i?iecaiaenoaaiiie e eiia?/aneie aeayoaeueiinoueth i?aaiecaoeee .
Aee?aeoi? nai iaae?aao ia?niiae , ia/eneyao ca?iaioioth ieaoo , iaoiaeeo
?aaioo , ioaa/aao ca iinoaaee iaoa?eaeia ia ?aai/ea ianoa e ?aoaao
no?aoaae/aneea caaea/e aeayoaeueiinoe oe?iu .
I?aaiecaoeeiiiay no?oeoo?a , noaia ?2 , oe?iu ninoieo ec
ooieoeeiiaeueiuo iiae?acaeaeaiee , eaaeaeay ec eioi?uo eiaao
ii?aaeaeaiiua oeaee e niaoeeaeecaoeeth . Eiee/anoai iiae?acaeaeaiee
caaeneo io aaee/eiu e oa?aeoa?a aeayoaeueiinoe oe?iu . Iaeioi?ua
iiae?acaeaeaiey yaeythony naciiiuie o.a. eo iaieiatho oiaaea eiaaea
iiyaeyony oaeea aeaeu ?aaio eioi?ua iie iiaoo aeaeaoue eee eiaaea
oaaee/eaathony iaueaiu ?aaio e ia oeeaaeuaathony ai a?aiaie iniiaiie
ninoaa ia?niiaea . Iai?eia? iiae?acaeaeaiea ninoiyuaa ec iaey?ia
iaieiatho aeeaea e eaoo eiaaea ia oeeoea nooay iiaiaea a iiae?acaeaeaiey
caieiathueany naioaoieeie e aeaeo?inaoyie iaae?atho eiaaea iiyaeythony
aeaiiua aeaeu ?aaio .
Neaaeoao ioiaoeoue iaeio aauue , eaeay au ia auea niaa?oaiiay no?oeoo?a
i?aaei?eyoey iia anaaaea eiaao iaaei/aou eee aa?iaa aoaeao neacaii
ae?oaea iooe e niaa?oainoaiaaieth . ss iii?iaoth i?aaeeiaeeoue
nianoaaiioth no?oeoo?o oe?iu “ YIE-I ” , noaia ?3 eioi?ay
iicaieyao ia?aeeth/eoue aee?aeoi?a n iniiaiuo i?iaeai i?aaei?eyoey ia
i?iaeaiu aiaoiea , eioi?ua y n/eoath aieaa aaaeiuie aeey iaai . Oae eae
aee?aeoi? yaeyaony iaeiei ec aiaeeoaeae e a oiaea a?aiy ii aua aeieaeai
caieiaoueny “ aoiaaeiuie ” aeaeaie , iauaoueny n eeeaioaie ,
aeinoaaeyoue iaoa?eaeu a iaeioi?ua iiae?acaeaeaiey yoi neeueii
iaa?oaeaao aai e ia iicaieyao ioaeaaaoueny aieaa aaaeiui i?iaeaiai . *oi
au ?aoeoue aeaiioth i?iaeaio y aeoiath neaaeoao aaanoe ianeieueei
aeiiieieoaeueiuo aeieaeiinoae :
– aiaeeoaeue – aio neaaeoao auaeaeeoue a?ociaia o?ainii?oiia
n?aaenoai e iieacaoue oa iiae?acaeaeaiey n eioi?uie aio neaaeoao
?aaioaoue . Ii aoaeao iaania/eaaoue aania?aaieiia niaaaeaiea
iiae?acaeaeaiee oai naiui onei?yy oaii ?aaiou i?aaei?eyoey .
– nae?aoa?ue – yoi /aeiaae eiathuee aunoaa ia?aciaaiea ,
eiathuee aooaaeoa?neea iaauee , oiathuee ?acaiaa?eaaoue n ethaeueie e
niiniaiui aeaoue eeeaioai ioaeioth eioi?iaoeeth ia oneoaao aeaiiie
i?aaiecaoeee . Nae?aoa?ue yaeyaony eae au eeoeii oe?iu e anee eeeaio
aoaeao aeaeaoue /oi aio caeanue anaaaea aioiau iiii/ue oi ii ?aii eee
iicaeii ia?aoeony aua eee i?eaaaeao iiauo eeeaioia .
– caaaaeothuee neeaaeii – yoi /aeiaae neaaeyoeee e
?aaeno?e?othuee i?eoie e auauoea no?ieiaoa?eaeia ia neeaaea oe?iu . Yoio
/aeiaae iiiiaeao ecaaaeaoue iaioaeiuo cao?ao ia iaoa?eaeu .
A aeaiiie nenoaia aee?aeoi?o ioaiaeeoueny ?ieue aeaaiiai ?oeiaiaeeoaey
oe?iu , niiniaiiai iai?aeyoue ?aaioo yoie neoaiu a ioaeiia ?onei . Oae
aea a iiae nenoaia aee?aeoi? aeieaeai caieiaoueny ?aeeaiie e
i?eaea/aieai eeeaioia , /oi a aeieueiaeoai iiiiaeao i?eia?anoe
iinoiyiioth eeeaioo?o eioi?ay aoaeao niinianoaiaaoue aeaeueiaeoaio
?acaeoeth oe?iu .
Auaiae.
A ea/anoaa auaiaea e aeaiiiio eo?niaiio i?iaeoo y oi/o
neacaoue /oi a ?aoi?ie?iaaiee ?inneeneie yeiiiieee aua ni a?aiai
ia?ano?ieee iaeua i?aaei?eyoey acyee ia naay ?ieue nicaeaoaey ii/au aeey
iiaie nenoaiu oicyenoaiaaiey. Aeiieie?othuee naaiaeiy /anoiue naeoi?
ca?iaeaeaeny eiaiii a noa?a iaeiai aeciana. E aiieia caeiiiia?ii, /oi e
ianoiyuaio a?aiaie, ii ioeoeeaeueiui aeaiiui, ia aeieth /anoiuo
noauaeoia iaeiai i?aaei?eieiaoaeuenoaa a iauai eiee/anoaa /anoiuo,
ainoaea?noaaiiuo e ioieoeeiaeueiuo, iauanoaaiiuo II i?eoiaeeony 84%.
Iaeua i?aaei?eyoey, ?aniieaaay 3,4% noieiinoe iniiaiuo n?aaenoa
yeiiiieee ?innee e 14% /enea caiyouo, i?iecaiaeyo 12% AAI e aeatho 1/4
anae i?eauee ii ia?iaeiiio oicyenoao. Yoi aiai?eo i oe?ieeo, ii aua
aeaeaei ia iieiinoueth ?ane?uouo aioo?aiieo aiciiaeiinoyo ?acaeoey
iaeiai i?aaei?eieiaoaeuenoaa.
ENIIEUeCIAAIIAss EEOA?AOO?A.
1. “ I?eeeaaeiay yeiiiieea ” , – “ I?inaauaiea ” ,
Iineaa 1993 a..
2. Eo?n eaeoeee ii iaiaiaeaeiaioo ca 6 naiano? .
3. “ ?uiie : eae aieoe a eeaea?u ” , – Ieoa? O. Ae?oea? ,
Iineaa 1993 a..
Oniaa?oainoaiaaiiay i?aaiecaoeeiiiay no?oeoo?a oe?iu (
noaia ?3 )
– Naciiiua iiae?acaeaeaiey
– Iinoiyiiua iiae?acaeaeaiey
I?aaiecaoeeiiiay no?oeoo?a oe?iu ( noaia ?2 )
– Naciiiua iiae?acaeaeaiey
– Iinoiyiiua iiae?acaeaeaiey
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