Ieienoa?noai o?oaea e nioeeaeueiiai ?acaeoey
Iineianeee Ainoaea?noaaiiue Nioeeaeueiue Oieaa?neoao
Oeeeae a a. Ni/e
Eaoaae?a yeiiiieee e iaiaaeaeiaioa
Eo?niaay ?aaioa ii aeenoeeieeia «Iniiau iaiaaeaeiaioa»
Ia oaio: «Eeaea?noai a noeea aeayoaeueiinoe iaiaaeaea?a»
Auiieieea: nooaeaioea 2 eo?na
IOI Iaiaaeaeiaioa i?aaiecaoeee
Ia?aie a?oiiu
Aeueyeiiaiei THeey
I?iaa?ee: Iao/iue ?oeiaiaeeoaeue
Eaiaeeaeao ineoieiae/aneeo iaoe
Oaiiaaeia A.E.
Ni/e-2003NIAeA?AEAIEA:
Aaaaeaiea…………………………………………………………………………3
Aeaaa 1. Iiiyoea eeaea?noaa a noeea aeayoaeueiinoe ?oeiaiaeeoaey
1.Iaci? oai?ee eeaea?noaa
…………………………………………………………..4
1.1 IIAAAeAI*ANEEE IIAeOIAe E
EEAeA?NOAO……………………………6
1.1.1 Aaoie?aoe/iia e aeaiie?aoe/iia
?oeiaiaenoai……………………………….7
1.1.2 Enneaaeiaaiey
Eaaeia…………………………………………………………
………..9
1.1.3 ?oeiaiaenoai, nin?aaeioi/aiiia ia ?aaioa e ia
/aeiaaea………………..10
1.1.4 *aou?a nenoaiu
Eaeea?oa……………………………………………………….
……11
1.1.5 Aeaoia?iay o?aeoiaea noeeae
eeaea?noaa…………………………………………..13
1.1.6 Oi?aaeai/aneay
?aoaoea………………………………………………………..
…….15
1.1.7 Noeeue, oaeiaeaoai?aiea, i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue…………………………..17
1.2 NEOOAOeEIIIUA IIAeOIAeU E YOOAEOEAIIIO
EEAeA?NOAO…………………….……………………………………………..18
Neooaoeeiiiay iiaeaeue ?oeiaiaenoaa
Oeaeea?a………………………………….18
Iiaeoiae Ieo/aea e Oaona “iooue –
oeaeue”………………………………………….21
Oai?ey aeeciaiiiai oeeeea Oa?ne e
Aeaioa?a…………………………………22
Iiaeaeue i?eiyoey ?aoaiey A?oia-Eaooiia…………………………….24
Aeaaa 2. Iaoiaeeea ii?aaeaeaiey iiaaaeai/aneiai oeia ee/iinoe…………….27
Caeeth/aiea………………………………………………………………………35
Nienie eniieuecoaiie eeoa?aoo?u………………………………………..……37
Aaaaeaiea.
A oneiaeyo ?uii/iie yeiiiieee iaiaaeaeiaio, eae oi?aaeaiea, yaeyaony
naiie aaaeiie ooieoeeae a ?aciiia?aciuo noa?ao aeeciaaeayoaeueiinoe.
Iaiaaeaeiaio – niaoeeoe/aneee i?aai ooieoeeiie?othuaai i?aaei?eyoey. Yoi
aeae iia?aoeaiiai eneonnoaa n aai iianaaeiaaiuie ?aoaieyie, ioiinyueieny
e i?iaaaeaieth iieeoeee, e iaania/aieth i?eauee, e ieieiecaoeee iioa?ue.
Iaeiie ec aaaeiaeoeo i?iaeai iaiaaeaeiaioa yaeyaony eeaea?noai, eae
noeeue aeayoaeueiinoe iaiaaeaea?a.
Noeeue oi?aaeaiey ?oeiaiaeeoaey naieie iiae/eiaiiuie ai iiiaii
ii?aaeaeyao oniao i?aaiecaoeee, aeeiaieeo ?acaeoey oe?iu. Io noeey
?oeiaiaenoaa caaenyo iioeaaoeey ?aaioieeia, eo ioiioaiea e o?oaeo,
acaeiiioiioaiey e iiiaia ae?oaia. Oaeei ia?acii, yoa iaeanoue
iaiaaeaeiaioa eiaao ia?iiiia cia/aiea a oi?aaeaiee e, ia iie acaeyae,
iaycaoaeueia e iieacia aeey eco/aiey.
Oeaeueth ?aaiou yaeyaony aiaeec eeaea?noaa, noeeae ?oeiaiaenoaa, e
auyaeaiea iaeaieaa iioeiaeueiiai aa?eaioa ni/aoaiey iaoiaeia
aicaeaenoaey ia ?aaioieeia.
Caaea/aie ?aaiou yaeyaony :
?anniio?aoue, /oi i?aaenoaaeyao niaie oai?ey eeaea?noaa, iiaaaeai/aneee
e neooaoeeiiiue iiaeoiaeu e yooaeoeaiiio eeaea?noao.
?anniio?aoue ?acee/iua eeanneoeeaoeee e iiaeaee noeeae ?oeiaiaenoaa, eo
aeinoieinoaa e iaaeinoaoee.
Iaoiaeeea ii?aaeaeaiey iiaaaeai/aneiai oeia ee/iinoe.
Aeaaa 1. Iiiyoea eeaea?noaa a noeea aeayoaeueiinoe ?oeiaiaeeoaey
1.Oai?ey Eeaea?noaa
Eeaea?noai – yoi oi?aaeai/aneea acaeiiioiioaiey iaaeaeo ?oeiaiaeeoaeai e
iineaaeiaaoaeyie, iniiaaiiua ia yooaeoeaiii aeey aeaiiie neooaoeee
ni/aoaiee ?acee/iuo enoi/ieeia aeanoe e iai?aaeaiiua ia iiaoaeaeaiea
ethaeae e aeinoeaeaieth iaueo oeaeae.
Iaycaoaeueiia oneiaea eeaea?noaa – iaeaaeaiea aeanoueth a eiie?aoiuo
oi?iaeueiuo eee iaoi?iaeueiuo i?aaiecaoeeyo naiuo ?aciuo o?iaiae e
ianooaaa io ainoaea?noaa e aeaaea a?oiiu ainoaea?noa aei
i?aaeoaeuenoaaiiuo o/?aaeaeaiee, ianoiiai naiioi?aaeaiey eee ia?iaeiuo e
iauanoaaiiuo a?oii e aeaeaeaiee. Oi?iaeeciaaiiay aeanoue eeaea?a
cae?aieyaony caeiiii. Ii ai anao neo/ayo eeaea? eiaao nioeeaeueioth e
ineoieiae/aneoth, yiioeeiiaeueioth iii?o a iauanoaa eee a eieeaeoeaao
ethaeae, eioi?ua ca iei neaaeotho.
Auaeaeytho oi?iaeueiia e iaoi?iaeueiia eeaea?noai. A ia?aii neo/aa
aeeyiea ia iiae/eiaiiuo ieacuaaaony n iiceoeee caieiaaiie aeieaeiinoe.
I?ioeann aeeyiey ia ethaeae /a?ac ee/iua niiniaiinoe, oiaiey e ae?oaea
?ano?nu iieo/ee iacaaiea iaoi?iaeueiiai eeaea?noaa.
N/eoaaony, /oi eaeaaeueiui aeey eeaea?noaa yaeyaony ni/aoaiea aeaoo
iniia aeanoe: ee/iinoiie e i?aaiecaoeeiiiie.
I?iaeaiu eeaea?noaa yaeythony eeth/aauie aeey aeinoeaeaiey
i?aaiecaoeeiiiie yooaeoeaiinoe. N iaeiie noi?iiu, eeaea?noai
?anniao?eaaaony eae iaee/ea ii?aaeaeaiiiai iaai?a ea/anoa, i?eienuaaaiuo
oai, eoi oniaoii ieacuaaao aeeyiea eee aicaeaenoaoao ia ae?oaeo, n
ae?oaie, eeaea?noai – yoi i?ioeann i?aeiouanoaaiii ia neeiaiai
aicaeaenoaey a iai?aaeaiee aeinoeaeaiey a?oiiie eee i?aaiecaoeeae naieo
oeaeae. Eeaea?noai i?aaenoaaeyao niaie niaoeeoe/aneee oei
oi?aaeai/aneiai acaeiiaeaenoaey, iniiaaiiue ia iaeaieaa yooaeoeaiii
ni/aoaiee ?acee/iuo enoi/ieeia aeanoe e iai?aaeaiiue ia iiaoaeaeaiea
ethaeae e aeinoeaeaieth iaueo oeaeae.
Eeaea?noai eae oei ioiioaiee oi?aaeaiey ioee/ii io nianoaaiii oi?aaeaiey
e no?ieony aieueoa ia ioiioaiee oeia «eeaea? – iineaaeiaaoaeue», /ai
«ia/aeueiee – iiae/eiaiiue». Ia ethaie iaiaaeaea? eniieuecoao eeaea?noai
a naiai iiaaaeaiee. I?iaeoeoeaiue iaiaaeaea? ia iaycaoaeueii yaeyaony
yooaeoeaiui eeaea?ii, e iaiai?io. Oniao a oi?aaeaiee ia eiiiaine?oao
ieioiai eeaea?noaa.
Iiaeoiaeu e eco/aieth eeaea?noaa ?acee/athony eiiaeiaoeeae o?ao iniiaiuo
ia?aiaiiuo: eeaea?neea ea/anoaa, eeaea?neia iiaaaeaiea e neooaoeey, a
eioi?ie aeaenoaoao eeaea?. Aaaeioth ?ieue i?e yoii ea?atho
oa?aeoa?enoeee e iiaaaeaiea iineaaeiaaoaeae. Eaaeaeue ec iiaeoiaeia
i?aaeeaaaao naia ?aoaiea i?iaeaiu yooaeoeaiiai eeaea?noaa.
O?aaeeoeeiiiua ?aiiea eiioeaioeee i?aaeeaaaee ii?aaeaeyoue yooaeoeaiia
eeaea?noai ia iniiaa eeai ea/anoa eeaea?a, eeai ia?acoeia aai
iiaaaeaiey. Neooaoeeiiiinoue a yoeo neo/ayo ai aieiaiea ia i?eieiaeanue.
Yoe eiioeaioeee, a eiia/iii n/aoa ooiioee a aaneiia/iii iiiaeanoaa
auyaeaiiuo ea/anoa e ia?acoeia iiaaaeaiey, oae e ia nicaeaa caaa?oaiiie
oai?ee.
Iiaeoiaeu, iniiaaiiua ia neooaoeeiiiinoe eeaea?noaa, i?aaeeaaaee
iauyniyoue yooaeoeaiinoue eeaea?noaa /a?ac ?acee/iua neooaoeeiiiua
ia?aiaiiua, o.a. /a?ac aeeyiea aiaoieo oaeoi?ia, ia i?eieiay i?e yoii ai
aieiaiea eeaea?a eae ee/iinoue. Iiaua eiioeaioeee iiiuoaeenue
iauaaeeieoue i?aeiouanoaa e aeinoeaeaiey eae o?aaeeoeeiiiiai, oae e
neooaoeeiiiuo iiaeoiaeia. A naieo auaiaeao yoe eiioeaioeee iniiauaathony
ia aiaeeca eeaea?neiai oa?aeoa?a e aai acaeiinayce n eiathuaeny
neooaoeee.
1.1. IIAAAeAI*ANEEE IIAeOIAe E EEAeA?NOAO.
Iiaaaeai/aneee iiaeoiae nicaeae iniiao aeey eeanneoeeaoeee noeeae
?oeiaiaenoaa eee noeeae iiaaaeaiey. Yoi noaei na?ueaciui aeeaaeii e
iieaciui eino?oiaioii iiieiaiey neiaeiinoae eeaea?noaa. Yoio iiaeoiae e
eco/aieth eeaea?noaa nin?aaeioi/ee naia aieiaiea ia iiaaaeaiee
?oeiaiaeeoaey. Niaeanii iiaaaeai/aneiio iiaeoiaeo, yooaeoeaiinoue
ii?aaeaeyaony ia ee/iuie ea/anoaaie ?oeiaiaeeoaey, a nei?aa aai iaia?ie
iiaaaeaiey ii ioiioaieth e iiae/eiaiiui.
Aaaeiue aeeaae iiaaaeai/aneiai iiaeoiaea a oai?eth eeaea?noaa
caeeth/aaony a oii, /oi ii iiiia i?iaanoe aiaeec e ninoaaeoue
eeanneoeeaoeeth noeeae ?oeiaiaenoaa. NOEEUe ?OEIAIAeNOAA a eiioaenoa
oi?aaeaiey – yoi i?eau/iay iaia?a iiaaaeaiey ?oeiaiaeeoaey ii ioiioaieth
e iiae/eiaiiui, /oiau ieacaoue ia ieo aeeyiea e iiaoaeeoue eo e
aeinoeaeaieth oeaeae i?aaiecaoeee. Noaiaiue, aei eioi?ie oi?aaeythuee
aeaeaae?oao naie iieiiii/ey, oeiu aeanoe, eniieuecoaiua ei, e aai
caaioa, i?aaeaea anaai, i /aeiaa/aneeo ioiioaieyo eee, i?aaeaea anaai, i
auiieiaiee caaea/e – ana io?aaeaao noeeue ?oeiaiaenoaa, oa?aeoa?ecothuee
aeaiiiai eeaea?a.
Eaaeaeay i?aaiecaoeey i?aaenoaaeyao niaie oieeaeueioth eiiaeiaoeeth
eiaeeaeaeia, oeaeae e caaea/. Eaaeaeue oi?aaeythuee – yoi oieeaeueiay
ee/iinoue, iaeaaeathuay ?yaeii niiniaiinoae. Iiyoiio noeee ?oeiaiaenoaa
ia anaaaea iiaeii ioianoe e eaeie-oi eiie?aoiie eaoaai?ee. Ii
o?aaeeoeeiiiie nenoaia eeanneoeeaoeee noeeue iiaeao auoue aaoie?aoe/iui
(yoi iaeia e?aeiinoue) e eeaa?aeueiui (ae?oaay e?aeiinoue) eee yoi
aoaeao noeeue, nin?aaeioi/aiiue ia ?aaioa, e noeeue, nin?aaeioi/aiiue ia
/aeiaaea. Eee. 1 eeethno?e?oao aaoie?aoe/iue – eeaa?aeueiue eiioeiooi.
Eee. 1
1.1.1 Aaoie?aoe/iia e aeaiie?aoe/iia ?oeiaiaenoai.
Aaoie?aoe/iue eeaea? a oi?aaeaiee aaoi?eoa?ai. Aaoie?aoe/iue
?oeiaiaeeoaeue iaeaaeaao aeinoaoi/iie aeanoueth, /oiau iaaycuaaoue naith
aieth eniieieoaeyi, e a neo/aa iaiaoiaeeiinoe aac eieaaaiee i?eaaaaao e
yoiio. Aaoie?ao iaia?aiii aiaeee?oao e iio?aaiinoyi aieaa ieceiai o?iaiy
naieo iiae/eiaiiuo, enoiaey ec i?aaeiieiaeaiey, /oi yoi oio naiue
o?iaaiue, ia eioi?ii iie iia?e?otho. Aeoaean Iae A?aai?, ecaanoiue
o/aiue a iaeanoe eeaea?noaa, iacaae i?aaeiinueee aaoie?aoe/iiai
?oeiaiaeeoaey ii ioiioaieth e ?aaioieeai oai?eae “O”. Niaeanii oai?ee
“O” :
1. Ethaee ecia/aeueii ia ethayo o?oaeeoueny e i?e ethaie
aiciiaeiinoe ecaaaatho ?aaiou.
2. O ethaeae iao /anoiethaey, e iie noa?athony ecaaaeoueny io
ioaaonoaaiiinoe, i?aaeii/eoay, /oiau eie ?oeiaiaeeee.
3. Aieueoa anaai ethaee oioyo caueuaiiinoe.
4. *oiau canoaaeoue ethaeae o?oaeeoueny, iaiaoiaeeii eniieueciaaoue
i?eioaeaeaiea, eiio?ieue e oa?ico iaeacaiey.
Ia iniiaa oaeeo enoiaeiuo i?aaeiieiaeaiee, aaoie?ao iau/ii eae iiaeii
aieueoa oeaio?aeecoao iieiiii/ey, no?oeoo?e?oao ?aaioo iiae/eiaiiuo e
ii/oe ia aeaao ei naiaiaeu a i?eiyoee ?aoaiee. Aaoie?ao oaeaea ieioii
?oeiaiaeeo anae ?aaioie a i?aaeaeao aai eiiiaoaioeee e, /oiau
iaania/eoue auiieiaiea ?aaiou, iiaeao ieacuaaoue ineoieiae/aneia
aeaaeaiea, eae i?aaeei, oa?iaeaoue.
Eiaaea aaoie?ao ecaaaaao iaaaoeaiiai i?eioaeaeaiey, a aianoi yoiai
eniieuecoao aiciaa?aaeaeaiea, ii iieo/aao iacaaiea aeaaineeiiiiai
aaoie?aoa. Oioy ii i?iaeieaeaao inoaaaoueny aaoi?eoa?iui ?oeiaiaeeoaeai,
aeaaineeiiiue aaoie?ao i?iyaeyao aeoeaioth caaioo i iano?iaiee e
aeaaiiieo/ee iiae/eiaiiuo. Ii iiaeao aeaaea iieoe ia oi, /oiau
?ac?aoaoue eee iiiu?youe eo o/anoea a ieaie?iaaiee caaeaiee. Ii ii
nio?aiyao ca niaie oaeoe/aneoth aeanoue i?eieiaoue e eniieiyoue ?aoaiey.
E eae au aeaaineeiiai ie aue yoio ?oeiaiaeeoaeue, ii i?inoe?aao naie
aaoie?aoe/aneee noeeue aeaeueoa, no?oeoo?e?oy caaeaiey e iaaycuaay
iaoeinieoaeueiia niaethaeaiea ia?iiiiai eiee/anoaa i?aaee, eioi?ua
aeanoei ?aaeaiaioe?otho iiaaaeaiea nio?oaeieea.
I?aaenoaaeaiey aeaiie?aoe/iiai ?oeiaiaeeoaey i ?aaioieeao ioee/athony io
i?aaenoaaeaiee aaoie?aoe/iiai ?oeiaiaeeoaey. Iae A?aai? iacaae eo
oai?eae “O” :
1. O?oae – i?ioeann anoanoaaiiue. Anee oneiaey aeaaii?eyoiua,
ethaee ia oieueei i?eioo ia naay ioaaonoaaiiinoue, iie aoaeoo
no?aieoueny e iae.
2. Anee ethaee i?eiauaiu e i?aaiecaoeeiiiui oeaeyi, iie aoaeoo
eniieueciaaoue naiioi?aaeaiea e naiieiio?ieue.
3. I?eiauaiea yaeyaony ooieoeeae aiciaa?aaeaeaiey, naycaiiiai n
aeinoeaeaieai oeaee.
4. Niiniaiinoue e oai?/aneiio ?aoaieth i?iaeai ano?a/aaony
/anoi, a eioaeeaeooaeueiue iioaioeeae n?aaeiaai /aeiaaea eniieuecoaony
eeoue /anoe/ii.
Aeaaiaea?y yoei i?aaeiieiaeaieyi, aeaiie?aoe/iue ?oeiaiaeeoaeue
i?aaeii/eoaao oaeea iaoaieciu aeeyiey, eioi?ua aiaeee?otho e
iio?aaiinoyi aieaa aunieiai o?iaiy: iio?aaiinoe a i?eiaaeeaaeiinoe,
aunieie oeaee, aaoiiiiee e naiiau?aaeaiee. Ianoiyuee aeaiie?aoe/iue
?oeiaiaeeoaeue ecaaaaao iaaycuaaoue naith aieth iiae/eiaiiui.
I?aaiecaoeee, aaea aeiieie?oao aeaiie?aoe/iue noeeue, oa?aeoa?ecothony
aunieie noaiaiueth aeaoeaio?aeecaoeee iieiiii/ee. Iiae/eiaiiua
i?eieiatho aeoeaiia o/anoea a i?eiyoee ?aoaiee e iieuecothony oe?ieie
naiaiaeie a auiieiaiee caaeaiee. Aeiaieueii /anoi, iauyniea oeaee
i?aaiecaoeee, ?oeiaiaeeoaeue iicaieyao iiae/eiaiiui ii?aaeaeeoue naie
nianoaaiiua oeaee a niioaaonoaee n oaie, eioi?ua ii noi?ioee?iaae.
Aianoi oiai /oiau inouanoaeyoue aeanoeee eiio?ieue iaae iiae/eiaiiuie a
i?ioeanna eo ?aaiou, ieciaie ?oeiaiaeeoaeue iau/ii aeaeao, eiaaea ?aaioa
aoaeao auiieiaia aei eiioea, /oiau i?iaanoe aa ioeaieo. ?oeiaiaeeoaeue
aeaenoaoao eae naycothuaa caaii, iaania/eaay niioaaonoaea oeaeae
i?iecaiaenoaaiiie a?oiiu oeaeyi i?aaiecaoeee a oeaeii e caaioynue i oii,
/oiau a?oiia iieo/aea iaiaoiaeeiua ae ?ano?nu.
Iineieueeo aeaiie?aoe/iue eeaea? i?aaeiieaaaao, /oi ethaee iioeae?iaaiu
iio?aaiinoyie aieaa aunieiai o?iaiy – a nioeeaeueiii acaeiiaeaenoaee,
oniaoao e naiiau?aaeaiee, – ii iuoaaony naeaeaoue iaycaiiinoe
iiae/eiaiiuo aieaa i?eaeaeaoaeueiuie. A iaeioi?ii niunea ii noa?aaony
nicaeaoue neooaoeeth, a eioi?ie ethaee aei iaeioi?ie noaiaie naie
iioeae?otho naay, iioiio /oi eo ?aaioa, ii i?e?iaea naiae, naia yaeyaony
aiciaa?aaeaeaieai. Ii oaeaea niinianoaoao oiio, /oiau iiae/eiaiiua
iiieiaee, /oi ei i?aaenoieo ?aoaoue aieueooth /anoue i?iaeai, ia eua
iaeia?aiey eee iiiiue. Ii ?oeiaiaeeoaeue aeeaaeuaaao iiiai oneeee a
nicaeaiea aoiinoa?u ioe?uoinoe e aeiaa?ey n oai, /oi anee iiae/eiaiiui e
iiiaaeiaeony iiiiuue, iie, ia noaniyynue, iiaee au ia?aoeoueny e
?oeiaiaeeoaeth. *oiau aeiaeoueny yoiai, ?oeiaiaeeoaeue i?aaiecoao
aeaoonoi?iiiaa iauaiea e ea?aao iai?aaeythuoth ?ieue.
1.1.2 Enneaaeiaaiey Eaaeia.
Aiciiaeii, naiia ?aiiaa enneaaeiaaiea yooaeoeaiinoe noeeae eeaea?noaa
auei i?iaaaeaii Eo?oii Eaaeiui e aai eieeaaaie. A naiai ciaiaieoii
enneaaeiaaiee Eaaei iaia?oaeee, /oi aaoi?eoa?iia ?oeiaiaenoai
aeiaeaaeinue auiieiaiey aieueoaai iauaia ?aaiou, /ai aeaiie?aoe/iia.
Iaeiaei ia ae?oaie /aoa aania auee ieceay iioeaaoeey, iaiueoay
i?eaeiaeueiinoue, iaiueoaa ae?oaeaethaea a a?oiiao, ionoonoaea
a?oiiiaiai iuoeaiey, aieueoay aa?anneaiinoue, i?iyaeyaiay eae e
?oeiaiaeeoaeth, oae e e ae?oaei /eaiai a?oiiu, aieueoay iiaeaaeyaiay
o?aaiaa e iaeiia?aiaiii – aieaa caaeneiia e iiei?iia iiaaaeaiea. Ii
n?aaiaieth n aeaiie?aoe/iui ?oeiaiaenoaii, i?e eeaa?aeueiii iauai ?aaiou
oiaiueoaaony, ea/anoai ?aaiou nieaeaaony, iiyaeyaony aieueoa ea?u, e a
ii?inao au?aaeaaony i?aaeii/oaiea aeaiie?aoe/iiio ?oeiaiaeeoaeth.
Aieaa iicaeiea enneaaeiaaiey ia iieiinoueth iiaeoaa?aeeee auaiaeu i oii,
/oi aaoie?aoe/iia ?oeiaiaenoai iaania/eaaei aieaa aunieoth
i?iaeoeoeaiinoue, ii aieaa ieceoth noaiaiue oaeiaeaoai?aiiinoe, /ai
aeaiie?aoe/iia. Oai ia iaiaa, enneaaeiaaiea Eaaeia aeaei iniiao aeey
iieneia ae?oaeo o/aiuo noeey iiaaaeaiey, eioi?ue iiaeao i?eaanoe e
aunieie i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe o?oaea e aunieie noaiaie
oaeiaeaoai?aiiinoe.
1.1.3 ?oeiaiaenoai, nin?aaeioi/aiiia ia ?aaioa e ia /aeiaaea.
?yinen Eaeea?o e aai eieeaae a Ie/eaaineii oieaa?neoaoa ?ac?aaioaee
aeueoa?iaoeaioth nenoaio, n?aaieaay a?oiiu n aunieie
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoueth o?oaea e a?oiiu n ieceie i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoueth
a ?acee/iuo i?aaiecaoeeyo. Iie n/eoaee, /oi ?acieoeo a
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe iiaeao iauynieoue noeeue eeaea?noaa. Aiaeiae/ii
eiioeiooio ii oai?eyi “O” e “Y” IaeA?aai?a, ?oeiaiaeeoaee a?oii n
aunieie e ieceie i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoueth eeanneoeoee?iaaeenue ii
eiioeiooio, iaoiaeyuaiony a i?aaeaeao io iaeiie e?aeiinoe (
nin?aaeioi/aiiua ia ?aaioa (oai?ey “O”), aei ae?oaie ( nin?aaeioi/aiiua
ia /aeiaaea (oai?ey “Y”). Yoio eiioeiooi i?aaenoaaeai ieaea:
?OEIAIAeEOAEUe, nin?aaeioi/aiiuE IA ?AAIOA, oaeaea ecaanoiue eae
?oeiaiaeeoaeue, i?eaioe?iaaiiue ia caaea/o, i?aaeaea anaai, caaioeony i
i?iaeoe?iaaiee caaea/e e ?ac?aaioea nenoaiu aiciaa?aaeaeaiee aeey
iiauoaiey i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe o?oaea. Eeanne/aneei i?eia?ii
?oeiaiaeeoaey, nin?aaeioi/aiiiai ia ?aaioa neoaeeo O?aaea?ee O. Oaeei?.
Oaeei? no?iee caaea/o ii oaoie/aneei i?eioeeiai yooaeoeaiinoe e
aiciaa?aaeaeae ?aai/eo, eioi?ua ia?aauiieiyee eaioo, ouaoaeueii
?ann/eoaiioth ia iniiaa ecia?aiey iioaioeeaeueiiai auionea i?iaeoeoeee.
A i?ioeaiiieiaeiinoue yoiio, ia?aaeoae caaioie ?oeiaiaeeoaey,
NIN?AAeIOI*AIIIAI IA *AEIAAEA, yaeythony ethaee. Ii nin?aaeioi/eaaao
aieiaiea ia iiauoaiee i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe o?oaea iooai
niaa?oainoaiaaiey /aeiaa/aneeo ioiioaiee: aeaeaao oii? ia acaeiiiiiiue,
iicaieyao ?aaioieeai iaeneiaeueii o/anoaiaaoue a i?eiyoee ?aoaiee,
ecaaaaao iaei/iie iiaee e onoaiaaeeaaao aeey iiae?acaeaeaiey aunieee
o?iaaiue i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe o?oaea. Ii aeoeaii n/eoaaony n ioaeaeaie
iiae/eiaiiuo, iiiiaaao ei ?aoaoue i?iaeaiu e iiiu?yao eo
i?ioanneiiaeueiue ?ino.
Ia iniiaaiee naieo enneaaeiaaiee, Eaeea?o naeaeae auaiae, /oi noeeue
?oeiaiaenoaa iaeciaiii aoaeao i?eaioe?iaaiiui eeai ia ?aaioo, eeai ia
/aeiaaea. Ia ano?aoeeinue ie iaeiiai ?oeiaiaeeoaey, eoi au i?iyaeye iaa
yoe ea/anoaa a cia/eoaeueiie noaiaie e iaeiia?aiaiii. ?acoeueoaou oaeaea
iieacaee, /oi noeeue ?oeiaiaenoaa, nin?aaeioi/aiiue ia /aeiaaea, ii/oe
ai anao neo/ayo niinianoaiaae iiauoaieth i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe o?oaea.
1.1.4 *aou?a nenoaiu Eaeea?oa.
Eae i?iaeieaeaiea naieo enneaaeiaaiee, Eaeea?o i?aaeeiaeee /aou?a
aaciauo nenoaiu noeey eeaea?noaa. Eee. 3
Nenoaia 1
Nenoaia 2
Nenoaia 3
Nenoaia 4
Yenieoaoaoi?nei-
aaoi?eoa?iay
Aeaaineeiiii-
aaoi?eoa?iay
Eiinoeueoaoeaii-
aeaiie?aoe/aneay
Iniiaaiiay ia
o/anoee
Eee. 3
Eaeea?o iienuaaao ?oeiaiaeeoaeae, ioiinyueony e nenoaia 1, eae
yenieoaoaoi?nei-aaoi?eoa?iuo. Yoe ?oeiaiaeeoaee eiatho oa?aeoa?enoeee
aaoie?aoa.
Nenoaia 2 iacuaaaony aeaaineeiiii-aaoi?eoa?iie. Yoe ?oeiaiaeeoaee iiaoo
iiaeaea?aeeaaoue aaoi?eoa?iua ioiioaiey n iiae/eiaiiuie, ii iie
?ac?aoatho iiae/eiaiiui, oioy e ia?aie/aiii, o/anoaiaaoue a i?eiyoee
?aoaiee. Iioeaaoeey nicaeaaony aiciaa?aaeaeaieai e a iaeioi?uo neo/ayo –
iaeacaieai.
?oeiaiaeeoaee nenoaiu 3, iacuaaaiie eiinoeueoaoeaiie, i?iyaeytho
cia/eoaeueiia, ii ia iieiia aeiaa?ea e iiae/eiaiiui. Eiaaony
aeaonoi?iiiaa iauaiea e iaeioi?ay noaiaiue aeiaa?ey iaaeaeo
?oeiaiaeeoaeyie e iiae/eiaiiuie. Aaaeiua ?aoaiey i?eieiathony iaaa?oo,
ii iiiaea eiie?aoiua ?aoaiey i?eieiathony iiae/eiaiiuie.
Nenoaia 4 iiae?acoiaaaao a?oiiiaua ?aoaiey e o/anoea ?aaioieeia a
i?eiyoee ?aoaiee. Ii iiaieth Eaeea?oa, iia – naiay aeaenoaaiiay. Yoe
?oeiaiaeeoaee iieiinoueth aeiaa?ytho iiae/eiaiiui. Acaeiiioiioaiey
iaaeaeo ?oeiaiaeeoaeai e iiae/eiaiiuie ae?oaeaneea e acaeiii
aeiaa?eoaeueiua. I?eiyoea ?aoaiee a aunoae noaiaie aeaoeaio?aeeciaaii.
Iauaiea aeaonoi?iiia e iao?aaeeoeeiiiia. E?iia oiai, iie i?eaioe?iaaiu
ia /aeiaaea, a i?ioeaiiieiaeiinoue ?oeiaiaeeoaeyi nenoaiu 1,
i?eaioe?iaaiiui ia ?aaioo.
Enneaaeiaaiey Eaeea?oa iieacaee, /oi naiua yooaeoeaiua ?oeiaiaeeoaee
ieciaiai caaia oaeaeyee aieiaiea, i?aaeaea anaai, /aeiaa/aneei aniaeoai
i?iaeai, noiyueo ia?aae eo iiae/eiaiiuie, e nicaeaaaee ioiioaiey,
iniiaaiiua ia acaeiiiiiiue. Iie i?iaeoiaiii ?acaeaeyee iiae/eiaiiuo ia
i?iecaiaenoaaiiua a?oiiu e noaaeee ia?aae ieie oneiaeiaiiua caaea/e. Iie
eniieueciaaee a?oiiiaia ?oeiaiaenoai aianoi o?aaeeoeeiiiuo
eiaeeaeaeoaeueiuo aanaae n iiae/eiaiiuie.
1.1.5 Aeaoia?iay o?aeoiaea noeeae eeaea?noaa.
Ia/eiay n 1945 a. a?oiia o/aiuo, ?aaioaaoay iiae yaeaeie Ath?i ii
enneaaeiaaieyi a iaeanoe aeciana a oieaa?neoaoa ooaoa Iaaei, i?iaiaeeea
eiiieaeniia enneaaeiaaiea e auyaeea na?ueacioth ioeaeo a eiioeaioeee
?acaeaeaiey ?oeiaiaeeoaeae ia oao, eoi nin?aaeioi/ai eee oieueei ia
?aaioa, eee oieueei ia /aeiaaea. Eo aeaaiie iaoiaeeie noaei: ethaee
iiaoo aanoe naay oae, /oi yoi aoaeao iaeiia?aiaiii i?eaioaoeeae e ia
?aaioo, e ia /aeiaaea. Iie ?ac?aaioaee nenoaio, niaeanii eioi?ie
iiaaaeaiea ?oeiaiaeeoaey eeanneoeoee?iaaeinue ii aeaoi ia?aiao?ai:
no?oeoo?a e aieiaieth e iiae/eiaiiui. No?oeoo?a iiae?acoiaaaao oaeia
iiaaaeaiea, eiaaea ?oeiaiaeeoaeue ieaie?oao e i?aaiecoao aeayoaeueiinoue
a?oiiu e naie acaeiiioiioaiey n iae. Aieiaiea e iiae/eiaiiui
iiae?acoiaaaao iiaaaeaiea, eioi?ia aeeyao ia ethaeae, aiaeee?oy e
iio?aaiinoyi aieaa aunieiai o?iaiy, no?iy acaeiiioiioaiey ia iniiaa
acaeiiiai aeiaa?ey, oaaaeaiey, oaiea e eiioaeoa iaaeaeo ?oeiaiaeeoaeai e
iiae/eiaiiuie. I/aiue aaaeii ioiaoeoue, /oi oaaaeaiea – yoi ia aiaoiaa
i?iyaeaiea oeia “iioeiiuaaiey ii nieia”. Ianeieueei naiuo
?ani?ino?aiaiiuo oeiia iiaaaeaiey, iiae?acoiaaathueo aieiaiea e
iiae/eiaiiui, i?eaaaeaiu ia Eee.4.
No?oeoo?a
?ani?aaeaeyao i?iecaiaenoaaiiua ?iee iaaeaeo iiae/eiaiiuie
?anienuaaao caaeaiey e iauyniyao o?aaiaaiey e eo auiieiaieth
Ieaie?oao e ninoaaeyao a?aoeee ?aaio
?ac?aaaouaaao iiaeoiaeu e auiieiaieth ?aaio
Ia?aaeaao naia aaniieienoai i auiieiaiee caaeaiey
Aieiaiea e iiae/eiaiiui
O/anoaoao a aeaonoi?iiiai iauaiee
Aeiioneaao o/anoea iiae/eiaiiuo a i?eiyoee ?aoaiee
Iauaaony a iaeia?eoaeueiie e iaoa?iaeathuae iaia?a
Aeaao aiciiaeiinoue ethaeyi oaeiaeaoai?eoue naie iio?aaiinoe, naycaiiua
n ?aaioie
Eee. 4
Auei auyaeaii, /oi ethaee iiaoo aanoe naay n ?aciie noaiaiueth aieiaiey
e iiae/eiaiiui e no?oeoo?e?iaaieth i?iaeai; /aou?a aiciiaeiuo
eiiaeiaoeee yoeo yeaiaioia a ?oeiaiaenoaa i?aaenoaaeaiu ia Eee. 5.
Aunieay Ieceay noaiaiue
no?oeoo?e?iaaiey
Aunieay noaiaiue aieiaiey
e iiae/eiaiiui
Aunieay noaiaiue
no?oeoo?e?iaaiey
Aunieay noaiaiue
aieiaiey
e iiae/eiaiiui
Ieceay
Ieceay noaiaiue
no?oeoo?e?iaaiey
Ieceay noaiaiue
aieiaiey
e iiae/eiaiiui
Aunieay noaiaiue
no?oeoo?e?iaaiey
Ieceay noaiaiue
aieiaiey
e iiae/eiaiiui
Ieceay Aunieay
Ianiio?y ia oi, /oi naiay aunieay i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue
annioeee?iaaeanue n ?oeiaiaeeoaeai, eioi?ue aeaaeaao e oai e ae?oaei
noeeai iiaaaeaiey, aieaa iicaeiea enneaaeiaaiey iieacaee, /oi yoa
eeanneoeeaoeey i?eiaieia ia ei anai neooaoeeyi.
1.1.6 Oi?aaeai/aneay ?aoaoea.
Eiioeaioeey, ?ac?aaioaiiay a oieaa?neoaoa ooaoa Iaaei, auea
iiaeeoeoee?iaaia e iiioey?eciaaia Aeyeeii e Iooiiii, eioi?ua iino?ieee
?aoaoeo (noaio), aeeth/aaooth 5 iniiaiuo noeeae ?oeiaiaenoaa.
caaioa i /aeiaaea
1,9
9,9
5,5
1,1
9,1
caaioa
i i?iecaiaenoaa
Aa?oeeaeueiay inue yoie noaiu ?aiaee?oao “caaioo i /aeiaaea” ii oeaea io
1 aei 9. Ai?eciioaeueiay inue ?aiaee?oao “caaioo i i?iecaiaenoaa” oaeaea
ii oeaea io 1 aei 9. Noeeue ?oeiaiaenoaa ii?aaeaeyaony iaieie yoeie
e?eoa?eyie. Aeaee e Iooii iienuaatho n?aaeithth e /aou?a e?aeieo
iiceoeee ?aoaoee, eae :
1. 1. no?ao ia?aae aaaeiinoueth. Ni noi?iiu ?oeiaiaeeoaey o?aaoaony
eeoue ieieiaeueiia oneeea, /oiau aeiaeoueny oaeiai ea/anoaa ?aaiou,
eioi?ia iicaieeo ecaaaeaoue oaieueiaiey.
1. 9. aeii ioaeuoa. ?oeiaiaeeoaeue nin?aaeioi/eaaaony ia oi?ioeo,
oaieuo /aeiaa/aneeo acaeiiioiioaieyo, ii iaei caaioeony ia yooaeoeaiinoe
auiieiaiey caaeaiee.
9. 1. aaoi?eoao – iiae/eiaiea. ?oeiaiaeeoaeue i/aiue caaioeony ia
yooaeoeaiinoe auiieiyaiie ?aaiou, ii ia?auaao iaei aieiaiey ia
ii?aeueiue iano?ie iiae/eiaiiuo.
5. 5. i?aaiecaoeey. ?oeiaiaeeoaeue aeinoeaaao i?eaieaiiai ea/anoaa
auiieiaiey caaeaiee, iaoiaey aaeain yooaeoeaiinoe e oi?ioaai ii?aeueiiai
iano?iy.
9. 9. eiiaiaea. Aeaaiaea?y oneeaiiiio aieiaieth e iiae/eiaiiui e
yooaeoeaiinoe, ?oeiaiaeeoaeue aeiaeaaaony oiai, /oi iiae/eiaiiua
niciaoaeueii i?eiauathony e oeaeyi i?aaiecaoeee. Yoi iaania/eaaao e
aunieee ii?aeueiue iano?ie, e aunieoth yooaeoeaiinoue.
Aeyee e Iooii enoiaeeee ec oiai, /oi naiui yooaeoeaiui noeeai
?oeiaiaenoaa – iioeiaeueiui noeeai – auei iiaaaeaiea ?oeiaiaeeoaey a
iiceoeee 9. 9. Ii eo iiaieth, oaeie ?oeiaiaeeoaeue ni/aoaao a naaa
aunieoth noaiaiue aieiaiey e naiei iiae/eiaiiui e oaeia aea aieiaiea e
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe. Iie oaeaea iiiyee, /oi anoue iiiaeanoai aeaeia
aeayoaeueiinoe, aaea o?oaeii /aoei e iaeiicia/ii auyaeoue noeeue
?oeiaiaenoaa, ii n/eoaee, /oi i?ioanneiiaeueiay iiaeaioiaea e
niciaoaeueiia ioiioaiea e oeaeyi iicaieyao anai ?oeiaiaeeoaeyi
i?eaeeaeaoueny e noeeth 9. 9, oai naiui iiauoay yooaeoeaiinoue naiae
?aaiou.
1.1.7 Noeeue, oaeiaeaoai?aiea e i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue.
Iiaeii iiiyoue, ii/aio e aaoie?aoe/iue iiaeoiae, e iiaeoiae n iiceoeee
/aeiaa/aneeo ioiioaiee caaiaaaee iiiai noi?iiieeia. Ii nae/an oaea ynii,
/oi e oa, e ae?oaea noi?iiieee a?aoeee i?aoaaee/aieyie, aeaeay auaiaeu,
ia aiieia iiaeoaa?aeaeathueany oaeoaie. Eiaaony iiiaeanoai oi?ioi
aeieoiaioe?iaaiiuo neooaoeee, aaea aeaaineeiiii-aaoie?aoe/iue noeeue
ca?aeiiaiaeiaae naay eae aanueia yooaeoeaiue.
O aeaiie?aoe/aneiai noeey anoue naie i?eaeaeaoaeueiua noi?iiu, oniaoe e
iaaeinoaoee. Aaconeiaii, iiaeii auei au ?aoeoue iiiaea i?aaiecaoeeiiiua
i?iaeaiu, anee au niaa?oainoaiaaiea /aeiaa/aneeo ioiioaiee e o/anoea
o?oaeyueony a i?eiyoee ?aoaiee anaaaea aaee au e aieueoae
oaeiaeaoai?aiiinoe e aieaa aunieie i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe. E niaeaeaieth,
yoiai ia i?ienoiaeeo. O/aiua ano?a/aee neooaoeee, aaea o?oaeyueany
o/anoaiaaee a i?eiyoee ?aoaiee, ii, oai ia iaiaa, noaiaiue
oaeiaeaoai?aiiinoe auea ieceie, a oaeaea neooaoeee, aaea
oaeiaeaoai?aiiinoue auea aunieie, a i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue ieceie.
Niaa?oaiii i/aaeaeii, /oi niioiioaiea iaaeaeo noeeai ?oeiaiaenoaa,
oaeiaeaoai?aiiinoueth e i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoueth iiaeii ii?aaeaeeoue
oieueei n iiiiuueth aeeeoaeueiuo e oe?ieeo yiie?e/aneeo enneaaeiaaiee.
1.2 NEOOAOeEIIIUA IIAeOIAeU E YOOAEOEAIIIO EEAeA?NOAO
Ie iiaeoiae n iiceoeee ee/iuo ea/anoa, ie iiaaaeai/aneee iiaeoiae ia
niiaee auyaeoue eiae/aneiai niioiioaiey iaaeaeo ee/iuie ea/anoaaie eee
iiaaaeaieai ?oeiaiaeeoaey, n iaeiie noi?iiu, e yooaeoeaiinoueth, n
ae?oaie. Yoi ia icia/aao, /oi ee/iua ea/anoaa e iiaaaeaiea ia eiatho
cia/aiey aeey ?oeiaiaenoaa. Iaiai?io, iie yaeythony nouanoaaiiuie
eiiiiiaioaie oniaoa. Iaeiaei aieaa iicaeiea enneaaeiaaiey iieacaee, /oi
a yooaeoeaiinoe ?oeiaiaenoaa ?aoathuoth ?ieue iiaoo nua?aoue
aeiiieieoaeueiua oaeoi?u. Yoe neooaoeeiiiua oaeoi?u aeeth/atho
iio?aaiinoe e ee/iua ea/anoaa iiae/eiaiiuo, oa?aeoa? caaeaiey,
o?aaiaaiey e aicaeaenoaey n?aaeu, a oaeaea eiathuothny o ?oeiaiaeeoaey
eioi?iaoeeth.
*oiau iaeoe aeiiieieoaeueiua oaeoi?u, oai?aoeee noaee ia?auaoue aieiaiea
ia oieueei ia ?oeiaiaeeoaey e eniieieoaey, a ia anth neooaoeeth a
oeaeii. Auee ?ac?aaioaiu /aou?a neooaoeeiiiuo iiaeaee :
Neooaoeeiiiay iiaeaeue ?oeiaiaenoaa Oeaeea?a;
Iiaeoiae Ieo/aea e Oaona “iooue – oeaeue”;
Oai?ey aeeciaiiiai oeeeea Oa?ne e Aeaioa?a;
Iiaeaeue i?eiyoey ?aoaiee ?oeiaiaeeoaeai A?oia-Eaooiia.
1.2.1 Neooaoeeiiiay iiaeaeue ?oeiaiaenoaa Oeaeea?a.
Iiaeaeue Oeaeea?a yaeeanue aaaeiui aeeaaeii a aeaeueiaeoaa ?acaeoea
oai?ee, oae eae iia nin?aaeioi/eea aieiaiea ia neooaoeee e auyaeea o?e
oaeoi?a, aeeythuea ia iiaaaeaiea ?oeiaiaeeoaey. Yoeie oaeoi?aie
yaeythony:
1. Ioiioaiey iaaeaeo ?oeiaiaeeoaeai e /eaiaie eieeaeoeaa.
Iiae?acoiaaatho eiyeueiinoue, i?iyaeyaioth iiae/eiaiiuie, eo aeiaa?ea e
naiaio ?oeiaiaeeoaeth e i?eaeaeaoaeueiinoue ee/iinoe ?oeiaiaeeoaey aeey
eniieieoaeae.
2. No?oeoo?a caaea/e. Iiae?acoiaaaao i?eau/iinoue caaea/e,
/aoeinoue aa oi?ioee?iaee e aa no?oeoo?ecaoeee, a ia ?anieua/aoinoue e
aanno?oeoo?iinoue.
3. Aeieaeiinoiua iieiiii/ey. Yoi – iauai caeiiiie aeanoe,
naycaiiie n aeieaeiinoueth ?oeiaiaeeoaey, eioi?ay iicaieyao aio
eniieueciaaoue aiciaa?aaeaeaiea, a oaeaea o?iaaiue iiaeaea?aeee, eioi?ue
ieacuaaao ?oeiaiaeeoaeth oi?iaeueiay i?aaiecaoeey.
ioiioaiey iaaeaeo ?oeiaiaeeoaeai e /eaiaie eieeaeoeaa iiaoo auoue
oi?ioeie e ieioeie, caaea/a iiaeao auoue no?oeoo?e?iaaia e ia
no?oeoo?e?iaaia, a aeieaeiinoiua iieiiii/ey ?oeiaiaeeoaey iiaoo auoue
aieueoeie eee iaeuie. ?acee/iua ni/aoaiey yoeo o?ao ?acia?iinoae iiaoo
aeaoue ainaiue iioaioeeaeueiuo noeeae ?oeiaiaenoaa.
Ec ainueie iioaioeeaeueiuo neooaoeee ia?aay yaeyaony iaeaieaa
aeaaii?eyoiie aeey ?oeiaiaeeoaey. A iae caaea/a oi?ioi no?oeoo?e?iaaia,
aeieaeiinoiua iieiiii/ey aieueoea, a ioiioaiey iaaeaeo ?oeiaiaeeoaeai e
iiae/eiaiiuie oaeaea oi?ioea, /oi nicaeaao iaeneiaeueioth aiciiaeiinoue
aeey ieacaiey aeeyiey. A i?ioeaiiieiaeiinoue yoiio, neooaoeey 8 –
iaeiaiaa aeaaii?eyoiay, iioiio oi aeieaeiinoiua iieiiii/ey iaaaeeee,
ioiioaiey n iiae/eiaiiuie ieioea e caaea/a ia no?oeoo?e?iaaia.
Ethaiiuoii, ?acoeueoaou enneaaeiaaiey Oeaeea?a iieacuaatho, /oi naiui
yooaeoeaiui noeeai ?oeiaiaenoaa a iaieo yoeo e?aeieo neo/ayo aoaeao
i?eaioaoeey ia caaea/o. Yoo eaaeouothny iaiineaaeiaaoaeueiinoue iiaeii
iauynieoue n iiiiuueth eiaeee.
Iioaioeeaeueiua i?aeiouanoaa i?eaioe?iaaiiiai ia caaea/o noeey
?oeiaiaenoaa – yoi auno?ioa aeaenoaey e i?eiyoey ?aoaiey, aaeeinoai
oeaee e no?iaee eiio?ieue ca ?aaioie iiae/eiaiiuo. Oaeei ia?acii, aeey
oniaoiinoe i?iecaiaenoaa aaoie?aoe/iue noeeue ecia/aeueii yaeyaony
yooaeoeaiui eino?oiaioii aeinoeaeaiey oeaeae i?aaiecaoeee i?e oneiaee,
/oi eniieieoaee ioioii nio?oaeie/atho n ?oeiaiaeeoaeai. A yoie neooaoeee
naiui iiaeoiaeyuei aoaeao noeeue ?oeiaiaenoaa, i?eaioe?iaaiiue ia
caaea/o, iioiio /oi ioiioaiey iaaeaeo ?oeiaiaeeoaeai e iiae/eiaiiuie
oaea oi?ioea. Iiyoiio ?oeiaiaeeoaeth ia ioaeii o?aoeoue iiiai a?aiaie ia
iiaeaea?aeaiea yoeo ioiioaiee. E?iia oiai, iineieueeo ?oeiaiaeeoaeue
eiaao cia/eoaeueioth aeanoue, a caaea/a eiaao ?ooeiiue oa?aeoa?,
iiae/eiaiiua iiaeiothony oeacaieyi ?oeiaiaeeoaey e ii/oe ia ioaeaeathony
a iiiiue. Iiyoiio ?ieue ?oeiaiaeeoaey a yoie neooaoeee ninoieo a oii,
/oiau aiai?eoue, /oi ioaeii naeaeaoue.
A neooaoeee 8 aeanoue ?oeiaiaeeoaey ianoieueei iaea, /oi eniieieoaee
ii/oe iaaa?iyea aoaeoo nii?ioeaeyoueny anyeiio aeeyieth, eae oieueei
i?aaenoaaeony aiciiaeiinoue. Caeanue naiui yooaeoeaiui ieaaeaony
aaoi?eoa?iue noeeue, iioiio /oi ii iaeneiece?oao i?yiie eiio?ieue
?oeiaiaeeoaey, /oi aaniethoii iaiaoiaeeii aeey i?aaeeueiiai iai?aaeaiey
oneeee iiae/eiaiiuo.
Noeee ?oeiaiaenoaa, i?eaioe?iaaiiua ia /aeiaa/aneea ioiioaiey, ii
iiaieth Oeaeea?a, iaeaieaa yooaeoeaiu a oia?aiii aeaaii?eyoiuo aeey
?oeiaiaeeoaey neooaoeeyo. A oaeeo neooaoeeyo o ?oeiaiaeeoaey iao
aeinoaoi/iie aeanoe, /oiau iaania/eoue iieiia nio?oaeie/anoai
iiae/eiaiiuo. Ii, a i?ioeaiiieiaeiinoue iaaeaaii?eyoiie neooaoeee 8,
caeanue iiae/eiaiiua aeoeaii ia euoo ethaiai iiaiaea aeey aiciouaiey. A
aieueoeinoaa neo/aaa eniieieoaee a oeaeii neeiiiu aeaeaoue oi, /aai
oi/ao io ieo ?oeiaiaeeoaeue, anee ei iauynieoue, aeey /aai yoi aeaeaaony
e i?aaeinoaaeoue aiciiaeiinoue auiieieoue aai aeaeaiea. Anee
?oeiaiaeeoaeue oae neeoeii nin?aaeioi/ai ia caaea/a, ii ?eneoao aucaaoue
aioaaiieci eniieieoaeae e oai naiui niinianoaiaaoue i?iyaeaieth
iioaioeeaeueiuo iaaeinoaoeia yoiai noeey. Oaeay nin?aaeioi/aiiinoue ia
caaea/a nieaeaao aeeyiea ?oeiaiaeeoaey.
Noeeue ?oeiaiaenoaa, i?eaioe?iaaiiue ia /aeiaa/aneea ioiioaiey, nei?ae
anaai, ?anoe?eo aiciiaeiinoe ?oeiaiaeeoaey ieacuaaoue aeeyiea.
I?iyaeaiea caaiou i aeaaiiieo/ee iiae/eiaiiuo ia aeaea oeo/oeei au
ioiioaiey iaaeaeo ?oeiaiaeeoaeai e iiae/eiaiiuie. I?e oneiaee, /oi
iiae/eiaiiua iioeae?iaaiu iio?aaiinoyie aieaa aunieiai o?iaiy,
eniieueciaaiea oaeiai noeey ?oeiaiaenoaa iiaeao aeaoue aiciiaeiinoue
?oeiaiaeeoaeth noeioee?iaaoue ee/ioth caeioa?aniaaiiinoue eniieieoaeae a
eiie?aoiie ?aaioa. Yoi auei au eaeaaeueii, iioiio /oi naiioi?aaeyaiay
?aai/ay neea oiaiueoaao iaiaoiaeeiinoue a ieioiii, no?iaii iaaeci?a, e
e oiio aea ieieiece?oao ?ene iioa?e eiio?iey.
Ii?aaeaeea, /oi i?eaioe?iaaiiue ia caaea/o noeeue ?oeiaiaenoaa aoaeao
aieueoa anaai niioaaonoaiaaoue a iaeaieaa eee a iaeiaiaa aeaaii?eyoiuo
neooaoeee e /oi i?eaioe?iaaiiue ia /aeiaaea noeeue eo/oa anaai i?iyaeo
naay a oia?aiii aeaaii?eyoiuo neooaoeeyo, Oeaeea? caeiaeee iniiao aeey
aoaeouaai neooaoeeiiiiai iiaeoiaea e oi?aaeaieth.
1.2.2 Iiaeoiae Ieo/aea e Oaona “iooue – oeaeue”.
Aua iaeia neooaoeeiiiay iiaeaeue eeaea?noaa “iooue – oeaeue” auea
?ac?aaioaia Oa?ainii Ieo/aeii e ?iaa?oii Oaonii. Niaeanii yoiio
iiaeoiaeo, ?oeiaiaeeoaeue iiaeao iiaoaeaeaoue iiae/eiaiiuo e
aeinoeaeaieth oeaeae i?aaiecaoeee, aicaeaenoaoy ia iooe aeinoeaeaiey
yoeo oeaeae. Ianoaeaeay yoio iiaeoiae, i?ioanni? Oaon ioia/aao, /oi
?oeiaiaeeoaeue iiaeao iiaeeyoue ia iiae/eiaiiuo, “oaaee/eaay ee/ioth
auaiaeo aeinoeaeaiey iiae/eiaiiuie oeaee aeaiiie ?aaiou. Ii oaeaea
iiaeao naeaeaoue iooue e yoie auaiaea aieaa eaaeei, iauyniyy n?aaenoaa
aa aeinoeaeaiey, oae?ay iiiaoe e eiaooee e oaaee/eaay aiciiaeiinoe aeey
ee/iie oaeiaeaoai?aiiinoe ia iooe e auaiaea”. Ieaea i?eaaaeaiu iaeioi?ua
i?eaiu, n iiiiuueth eioi?uo ?oeiaiaeeoaeue iiaeao aeeyoue ia iooe eee
n?aaenoaa aeinoeaeaiey oeaeae:
1. ?acuyniaiea oiai, /oi iaeeaeaaony io iiae/eiaiiiai.
2. Ieacaiea iiaeaea?aeee, ianoaaie/anoai e ono?aiaiea neiauaathueo
iiiao.
3. Iai?aaeaiea oneeee iiae/eiaiiuo ia aeinoeaeaiea oeaee.
4. Nicaeaiea o iiae/eiaiiuo oaeeo iio?aaiinoae, iaoiaeyueony a
eiiiaoaioeee ?oeiaiaeeoaey, eioi?ua ii iiaeao oaeiaeaoai?eoue.
5. Oaeiaeaoai?aiea iio?aaiinoae iiae/eiaiiuo, eiaaea oeaeue
aeinoeaiooa.
Iiia/aeo Oaon a naiae iiaeaee ?anniao?eaae aeaa noeey ?oeiaiaenoaa:
noeeue iiaeaea?aeee e eino?oiaioaeueiue noeeue. Noeeue iiaeaea?aeee
aiaeiae/ai noeeth, i?eaioe?iaaiiiio ia /aeiaaea eee ia /aeiaa/aneea
ioiioaiey. Eino?oiaioaeueiue noeeue aiaeiae/ai noeeth, i?eaioe?iaaiiiio
ia ?aaioo eee ia caaea/o.
Iicaea i?ioanni? Oaon aeeth/ee aua aeaa noeey: noeeue, iiiu?ythuee
o/anoea iiae/eiaiiuo a i?eiyoee ?aoaiee e noeeue, i?eaioe?iaaiiue ia
aeinoeaeaiea. Aieueoay /anoue enneaaeiaaiee nin?aaeioi/aia ia
eino?oiaioaeueiii noeea e noeea iiaeaea?aeee.
1.2.3 Oai?ey aeeciaiiiai oeeeea Oa?ne e Aeaioa?a.
Iieue Oa?ne e Eai Aeaioa? ?ac?aaioaee neooaoeeiiioth oai?eth eeaea?noaa,
eioi?oth iie iacaaee oai?eae aeeciaiiiai oeeeea, niaeanii eioi?ie naiua
yooaeoeaiua noeee eeaea?noaa caaenyo io “c?aeinoe” eniieieoaeae.
C?aeinoue ia neaaeoao ii?aaeaeyoue a eaoaai?ee aic?anoa. C?aeinoue
ioaeaeueiuo eeoe e a?oii, iiae?acoiaaaao niiniaiinoue ianoe
ioaaonoaaiiinoue ca naia iiaaaeaiea, aeaeaiea aeinoeaiooue iinoaaeaiiie
oeaee, a oaeaea ia?aciaaiea e iiuo a ioiioaiee eiie?aoiie caaea/e,
eioi?oth iaiaoiaeeii auiieieoue. Niaeanii Oa?ne e Aeaioa?o, iiiyoea
c?aeinoe ia yaeyaony iinoiyiiui ea/anoaii eeoea eee a?oiiu, a nei?ae
oa?aeoa?enoeeie eiie?aoiie neooaoeee. Niioaaonoaaiii, ?oeiaiaeeoaeue
iiaeao iaiyoue e naia iiaaaeaiea a caaeneiinoe io ioiineoaeueiie
c?aeinoe eeoea eee a?oiiu. ?oeiaiaeeoaeue ii?aaeaeyao yoo c?aeinoue,
ioeaieaay no?aieaiea e aeinoeaeaieth, niiniaiinoue ianoe
ioaaonoaaiiinoue ca iiaaaeaiea, a oaeaea o?iaaiue ia?aciaaiey e iiuo
i?ioeie ?aaiou iaae ii?o/aiiuie caaeaieyie.
Eiathony /aou?a noeey eeaea?noaa, eioi?ua niioaaonoaotho eiie?aoiiio
o?iaith c?aeinoe eniieieoaeae:
– Aeaaaoue oeacaiey.
– “I?iaeaaaoue”.
– O/anoaiaaoue.
– Aeaeaae?iaaoue.
Ia?aue noeeue o?aaoao, /oiau ?oeiaiaeeoaeue ni/aoae aieueooth noaiaiue
i?eaioe?iaaiiinoe ia caaea/o e iaeoth – ia /aeiaa/aneea ioiioaiey. Yoio
noeeue iacuaaaony “aeaaaoue oeacaiey”. Ii aiaeeony aeey iiae/eiaiiuo n
ieceei o?iaiai c?aeinoe. Caeanue yoio noeeue aiieia oianoai iioiio, /oi
iiae/eiaiiua eeai ia oioyo, eeai ia niiniaiu ioaa/aoue ca eiie?aoioth
caaea/o, e ei o?aaothony niioaaonoaothuea eino?oeoeee, ?oeiaiaenoai e
no?iaee eiio?ieue.
Aoi?ie noeeue – “i?iaeaaaoue” – iiae?acoiaaaao, /oi noeeue ?oeiaiaeeoaey
a ?aaiie e a aunieie noaiaie i?eaioe?iaai e ia caaea/o, e ia ioiioaiey.
A yoie neooaoeee iiae/eiaiiua oioyo i?eiyoue ioaaonoaaiiinoue, ii ia
iiaoo, oae eae iaeaaeatho n?aaeiei o?iaiai c?aeinoe. Oaeei ia?acii,
?oeiaiaeeoaeue auae?aao iiaaaeaiea, i?eaioe?iaaiiia ia caaea/o, /oiau
aeaaaoue eiie?aoiua eino?oeoeee iiae/eiaiiui ioiineoaeueii oiai, /oi e
eae iaaei aeaeaoue. A oi aea a?aiy ?oeiaiaeeoaeue iiaeaea?aeeaaao eo
aeaeaiea e yiooceaci auiieiyoue caaeaiea iiae naith ioaaonoaaiiinoue.
O?aoee noeeue oa?aeoa?ecoaony oia?aiii aunieie noaiaiueth c?aeinoe. A
yoie neooaoeee iiae/eiaiiua iiaoo, ii ia oioyo ioaa/aoue ca auiieiaiea
caaeaiey. Aeey ?oeiaiaeeoaey, ni/aoathuaai ieceoth noaiaiue
i?eaioe?iaaiiinoe ia caaea/o e aunieoth noaiaiue – ia /aeiaa/aneea
ioiioaiey, naiui iiaeoiaeyuei aoaeao noeeue, iniiaaiiue ia o/anoee
iiae/eiaiiuo a i?eiyoee ?aoaiee, iioiio /oi iiae/eiaiiua ciatho, /oi e
eae iaaei auiieiyoue, e ei ia o?aaoaony eiie?aoiuo oeacaiee. Iaeiaei iie
oaeaea aeieaeiu oioaoue e niciaaaoue naith i?e/anoiinoue e auiieiaieth
aeaiiie caaea/e. ?oeiaiaeeoaee iiaoo iiauneoue iioeaaoeeth e
i?e/anoiinoue naieo iiae/eiaiiuo, i?aaeinoaaeyy ei aiciiaeiinoue
o/anoaiaaoue a i?eiyoee ?aoaiee, a oaeaea ieacuaay ei iiiiuue e ia
iaaycuaay ieeaeeo oeacaiee.
*aoaa?oue noeeue oa?aeoa?ecoaony aunieie noaiaiueth c?aeinoe. A yoie
neooaoeee iiae/eiaiiua e iiaoo, e oioyo ianoe ioaaonoaaiiinoue. Caeanue
aieaa anaai iiaeoiaeeo noeeue aeaeaae?iaaiey, a iiaaaeaiea ?oeiaiaeeoaey
iiaeao ni/aoaoue ieceoth noaiaiue i?eaioe?iaaiiinoe ia caaea/o e ia
/aeiaa/aneea ioiioaiey. Yoio noeeue oianoai a neooaoeeyo ni c?aeuie
eniieieoaeyie, oae eae iiae/eiaiiua ciatho, /oi e eae aeaeaoue, e
niciatho aunieoth noaiaiue naiae i?e/anoiinoe e caaea/a. A ?acoeueoaoa
?oeiaiaeeoaeue iicaieyao iiae/eiaiiui aeaenoaiaaoue naiei: ei ia ioaeiu
ie iiaeaea?aeea, ie oeacaiey, oae eae iie niiniaiu aeaeaoue ana yoi naie
ii ioiioaieth ae?oa e ae?oao.
Iiaeaeue aeeciaiiiai oeeeea Oa?ne e Aeaioa?a ?aeiiaiaeoao aeaeee,
aaeaioeaiue noeeue ?oeiaiaenoaa. Ii eae e ae?oaea iiaeaee eeaea?noaa,
iia ia iieo/eea anaiauaai i?eciaiey. E?eoeea iiae/a?eeaaea ionoonoaea
iineaaeiaaoaeueiiai iaoiaea ecia?aiey o?iaiy c?aeinoe; oi?iuaiiia
aeaeaiea noeeae e iayniinoue a ioiioaiee oiai, niiaoo ee ?oeiaiaeeoaee
ia i?aeoeea aanoe naay n oaeie noaiaiueth aeaeinoe, eae o?aaoao
iiaeaeue.
1.2.4 Iiaeaeue i?eiyoey ?aoaiee ?oeiaiaeeoaeai A?oia-Eaooiia.
Aua iaeiie neooaoeaiie iiaeaeueth ?oeiaiaenoaa noaea iiaeaeue,
?ac?aaioaiiay Aeeoi?ii A?oiii e Oeeeiiii Eaooiiii. Iiaeaeue i?eiyoey
?aoaiee ?oeiaiaeeoaeai A?oia-Eaooiia eiioeaio?e?oao aieiaiea ia
i?ioeanna i?eiyoey ?aoaiee. Niaeanii oi/ea c?aiey aaoi?ia iiaeaee,
eiaaony iyoue noeeae ?oeiaiaenoaa, eioi?ua iiaeao eniieueciaaoue
?oeiaiaeeoaeue a caaeneiinoe io oiai, a eaeie noaiaie iiae/eiaiiui
?ac?aoaaony o/anoaiaaoue a i?eiyoee ?aoaiee:
1. Au naie ?aoaaoa i?iaeaio eee i?eieiaaoa ?aoaiea, eniieuecoy
eiathuothny o aan ia aeaiiue iiiaio eioi?iaoeeth.
2. Au iieo/aaoa iaiaoiaeeioth eioi?iaoeeth io naieo iiae/eiaiiuo, e
caoai naie ?aoaaoa i?iaeaio. Iieo/ay eioi?iaoeeth, au iiaeaoa neacaoue
eee ia neacaoue naiei iiae/eiaiiui, a /ai ninoieo i?iaeaia. ?ieue aaoeo
iiae/eiaiiuo a i?eiyoee ?aoaiee – i?aaenoaaeaiea iaiaoiaeeiie
eioi?iaoeee, a ia iiene e ioeaiea aeueoa?iaoeaiuo ?aoaiee.
3. Au eceaaaaoa i?iaeaio eiaeeaeaeoaeueii oai iiae/eiaiiui, eiai yoi
eanaaony, e auneooeaaaoa eo eaeae e i?aaeeiaeaiey, ii ia niae?aaoa eo
aianoa a iaeio a?oiio. Caoai au i?eieiaaoa ?aoaiea, eioi?ia io?aaeaao
eee ia io?aaeaao aeeyiea aaoeo iiae/eiaiiuo.
4. Au eceaaaaoa i?iaeaio a?oiia aaoeo iiae/eiaiiuo, e aanue eieeaeoea
auneooeaaao ana eaeae e i?aaeeiaeaiey. Caoai au i?eieiaaoa ?aoaiea,
eioi?ia io?aaeaao eee ia io?aaeaao aeeyiea aaoeo iiae/eiaiiuo.
5. Au eceaaaaoa i?iaeaio a?oiia aaoeo iiae/eiaiiuo. Ana aianoa au
iaoiaeeoa e ioeaieaaaoa aeueoa?iaoeau e iuoaaoanue aeinoe/ue niaeaney
eanaoaeueii auai?a aeueoa?iaoeau. Aaoa ?ieue noiaea n
i?aaenaaeaoaeueneie. Au ia iuoaaoanue aeeyoue ia a?oiio, /oiau iia
i?eiyea “aaoa” ?aoaiea, a oioeoa i?eiyoue e auiieieoue ethaia ?aoaiea,
eioi?ia any a?oiia ni/oao iaeaieaa i?eaieaiui.
*oiau iiii/ue ?oeiaiaeeoaeyi ioeaieoue neooaoeeth, A?oi e Eaooii
?ac?aaioaee naiue e?eoa?eaa, ii eioi?ui ioeaieaaaony neooaoeey
“iiae/eiaiiua – ?oeiaiaeeoaeue”, a oaeaea iiaeaeue aea?aaa ?aoaiee. Yoe
e?eoa?ee aeaiu ieaea:
1.Cia/aiea ea/anoaa ?aoaiey.
2.Iaee/ea aeinoaoi/iie eioi?iaoeee eee iiuoa o ?oeiaiaeeoaey aeey
i?eiyoey ea/anoaaiiiai ?aoaiey.
3.Noaiaiue no?oeoo?e?iaaiiinoe i?iaeaiu.
4.Cia/aiea niaeaney iiae/eiaiiuo n oeaeyie i?aaiecaoeee e eo
i?e/anoiinoe aeey yooaeoeaiiai auiieiaiey ?aoaiey.
5.Ii?aaeaeaiiay ia iniiaaiee i?ioeiai iiuoa aa?iyoiinoue oiai, /oi
aaoie?aoe/aneia ?aoaiea ?oeiaiaeeoaey iieo/eo iiaeaea?aeeo o
iiae/eiaiiuo.
6.Noaiaiue iioeaaoeee iiae/eiaiiuo aeinoeaiooue oeaeae i?aaiecaoeee,
anee iie auiieiyo caaea/e, noi?ioee?iaaiiua i?e eceiaeaiee i?iaeaiu.
7.Noaiaiue aa?iyoiinoe eiioeeeoa iaaeaeo iiae/eiaiiuie i?e auai?a
aeueoa?iaoeau.
*oiau ii?aaeaeeoue. eioi?ue eo yoeo iyoe noeeae iiaeoiaeeo e eiie?aoiie
neooaoeee, ?oeiaiaeeoaeue eniieuecoao aea?aai ?aoaiee:
A) Eiathony ee o?aaiaaiey, i?aaeuyaeyaiua e ea/anoao ?aoaiey e
iicaieythuea ii?aaeaeeoue noaiaiue i?aaeii/oeoaeueiinoe iaeiiai ?aoaiey
ii n?aaiaieth n ae?oaei?
A) ?aniieaaath ee y aeinoaoi/iie eioi?iaoeeae, /oiau i?eiyoue ?aoaiea?
A) No?oeoo?e?iaaia ee i?iaeaia?
A) ssaeyaony ee niaeanea iiae/eiaiiuo n aua?aiiui ?aoaieai nouanoaaiiui
aeey aai yooaeoeaiiai auiieiaiey?
Ae) Anee au aai ioaeii auei i?eiyoue ?aoaiea naiinoiyoaeueii, anoue ee o
aan aeinoaoi/iay oaa?aiiinoue a oii, /oi iii aoaeao iiaeaea?aeaii
aaoeie iiae/eiaiiuie?
A) Niaeaniu ee iiae/eiaiiua n oeaeyie i?aaiecaoeee, aeinoeaeaieth
eioi?uo iie aoaeoo niinianoaiaaoue, ?aoea yoo i?iaeaio?
AE) Ia /?aaaoi ee aua?aiiia ?aoaiea eiioeeeoii iaaeaeo iiae/eiaiiuie?
?oeiaiaeeoaeue ioaa/aao ia eaaeaeue aii?in, iaoiaeeo, oaeei ia?acii,
e?eoa?ee i?iaeaiu e, a eiia/iii n/aoa, iiaeae?aao niioaaonoaothuee
noeeue ?oeiaiaenoaa.
?acee/iua neooaoeeiiiua iiaeaee iiiiaatho iniciaoue iaiaoiaeeiinoue
aeaeiai iiaeoiaea e ?oeiaiaenoao. *oiau oi/ii ioeaieoue neooaoeeth,
?oeiaiaeeoaeue aeieaeai oi?ioi i?aaenoaaeyoue niiniaiinoe iiae/eiaiiuo e
naie nianoaaiiua, i?e?iaeo caaea/e, iio?aaiinoe, iieiiii/ey e ea/anoai
eioi?iaoeee.
?oeiaiaeeoaeue, eioi?ue oi/ao ?aaioaoue eae iiaeii aieaa yooaeoeaii,
iieo/eoue ana, /oi iiaeii io iiae/eiaiiuo, ia iiaeao iicaieeoue naaa
i?eiaiyoue eaeie-oi iaeei noeeue ?oeiaiaenoaa ia i?ioyaeaiee anae naiae
ea?uea?u. Nei?aa ?oeiaiaeeoaeue aeieaeai iao/eoueny iieueciaaoueny anaie
noeeyie, iaoiaeaie e oeiaie aeeyiey, iaeaieaa iiaeoiaeyueie aeey
eiie?aoiie neooaoeee.
Nae/an noaei ynii, /oi naiui yooaeoeaiui noeeai a naaiaeiyoiai auno?i
iaiythuainy ie?a yaeyaony noeeue aaeaioeaiue, eee oi, /oi A?aeaee?en
iacaae noeeai, i?eaioe?iaaiiui ia ?aaeueiinoue.
Aeaaa 2. Ii?aaeaeaiea iiaaaeai/aneiai oeia ee/iinoe.
Auaeaeyaony 3 iniiaiuo oeia iiaaaeaiey: oei A, oei A, oei N,
niioaaonoaothuea ?acee/iui oaiia?aiaioai. I?aiaeaaeaiea /a?o oiai eee
eiiai oeia iiaaaeaiey ii?aaeaeyao iaee/ea o ee/iinoe caaeaoeia
?oeiaiaeeoaey eee oeie/iiai eniieieoaey.
Iiaaaeai/aneee oei A niioaaonoaoao oeio aaoi?eoa?iiai ?oeiaiaeeoaey eee
iaoi?iaeueiiai eeaea?a; iiaaaeai/aneee oei A – oeio aeaiie?aoe/iiai
?oeiaiaeeoaey eee iaoi?iaeueiiai eeaea?a; iiaaaeai/aneee oei N –
eniieieoaeth.
Oano iiaeii eniieueciaaoue aeey aiaeeca oeia ee/iinoe e aa niioaaonoaey
aeieaeiinoe i?e i?eaia ia ?aaioo e i?e ?anniio?aiee aii?ina iiauoaiey ii
neoaeaa eee ia?aaiaea ia ae?oaoth aeieaeiinoue.
Eae au iinooieoa, anee aao eieeaaa ii ?aaioa iaiaeeaeaiii aa?ao ioaoe, e
aai iaycaiiinoe aaoiiaoe/anee ia?aeeaaeuaathony ia aan:
a) noa?aaoanue ec anao nee auiieieoue aanue iauai ?aaiou e ca naay, e ca
eieeaao;
a) iieiinoueth auiieiyaoa naith ?aaioo, a ?aaioo eieeaae – ii ia?a
aiciiaeiinoe, ia cao?a/eaay aieueoeo oneeee;
n) i?ineoa ?oeiaiaenoai ?ani?aaeaeeoue ?aaioo eieeaae iaaeaeo
nio?oaeieeaie;
d) naie i?ineoa iiiiue o eieeaa.
Eieeaaa ii ?aaioa a ?aceie oi?ia iaiainiiaaiii iaaeiyao aan a
iaauiieiaiee ?aaiou e a iaaeia?iniaanoiii ioiioaiee e naiei
iaycaiiinoyi. Aaoa ?aaeoeey:
a) noa?aaoanue ia?aaanoe ana a oooeo
a) iaaeiyaoa eieeaao a ioaao a noiaeeo iaaeinoaoeao;
n) ia ia?auaaoa aieiaiey e nienuaaaoa ia aeo?iia iano?iaiea eee
iaoaea/iue aeaiue eieeaae;
d) i?ineoa iiynieoue i?e/eiu aeey iiaeiaiuo cayaeaiee.
Au caa?oaeaiu ?aaioie. Aao nineoaeeaaoe, eioi?ue, eae au ciaaoa, aaeaa
ni?aaeyaony ni naieie iaycaiiinoyie, i?aaeeaaaao aai naith iiiiuue. Au:
a) n ?aaeinoueth i?eieiaaoa iiiiuue;
a) aeaaiaea?eoa e ooi/iyaoa, /oiau a neo/aa aicieeiiaaiey cao?oaeiaiee
ii iaiaaeeaiii ia?aoeeny e aai;
n) i?eieiaaoa iiiiuue, ii neaaeeoa ca eaaeaeui aeaenoaeai;
d) ioeacuaaaoanue io iiiiue.
Ia aa/a?eiea ii neo/ath thaeeay iaeiiai ec nio?oaeieeia aao ia/aeueiee
neeoeii ethaacai n aaoei eiieo?aioii. Au:
a) ia ia?aoeoa aieiaiey – au oaa?aiu a naaa e ia aieoanue eio?ea;
a) iinoa?aaoanue i?eniaaeeieoueny e eo aanaaea;
n) ainiieuecoaoanue ieiooeie, eiaaea ia/aeueiee inoaiaony iaeei, e
iiiuoaaoanue auynieoue, ia aiai?eee ee iie ieioi i aan;
d) iiaeeiaeoa iaiiaaiea, eiaaea ia/aeueiee aoaeao iaeei, e iaaeieoa
niia?ieea ai anao “nia?oiuo a?aoao”
Ioiaoueoa, eaeea ec ia?a/eneaiiuo ea/anoa aai naienoaaiiu (N), io/anoe
i?enoue (I), ianaienoaaiiu aiiaua (I):
a) aeoo niia?ie/anoaa
a) oa?ieiinoue
n) iaoa?iaeeainoue
d) aeeieiiaoe/iinoue e oaeoe/iinoue
a) /anoiethaea
f) oaiaeeeainoue
Eaeea neooaoeee iiaoo auaanoe aan ec naay (iinoaaa ciae + iai?ioea anao
aua?aiiuo aaie neooaoeee):
a) a aaoai eiiiuethoa?a caaaeny ae?on, e au iioa?yee ioaeioth
eioi?iaoeeth;
a) n aaie a?oai ?acaiaa?eaaea aooao/eoea a noieiaie;
n) “i?iaea” ia aei?iaa, eiaaea au oi?iieoanue;
d) ia/aeueiee iaaeiaieai aaoae ?aaioie, iaae eioi?ie au ei?iaee nooeaie,
i?ineaeeaay ia ?aai/ai ianoa, e a eioi?oth au aeiaeeee anth aeooo;
a) eieeaaa ii ?aaioa i?enaaeaaao aaoo eaeath;
f) aaoe eieeaae ii ?aaioa i?aiaa?aaeeoaeueii auneacuaathony i aaoae
i?e/anea, iaoeia eee einothia;
g) au caa?oaeaiu ?aaioie, a oi a?aiy eae aao nineoaeeaaoe i?iaiaeeo
a?aiy a eo?eeea eee aooaoa;
h) a aaoai i?enoonoaee ?anneacuaatho a?oaue aiaeaeio ia iaoeeiiaeueiua
eee ?aeeaeiciua oaiu;
i) ia aaoeo aeacao a?oai iaoiaeyony n ?aaaieii;
j) aao eieeaaa ?anneacuaaao a iauanoaa eiioeaeaioeeaeueioth
eioi?iaoeeth, eioi?oth au aio niiaueee;
k) au ociaaoa, /oi iaeei ec aaoeo nineoaeeaoeaa ieaoao eio?eae i?ioea
aan.
Aieiaoaeueii i?i/eoaeoa neaaeothuea auneacuaaiey, ioiaoea ciaeii Ae
(aea) oa ec ieo, n eioi?uie au niaeaniu, ciaeii I (iao) – oa, n eioi?uie
ia niaeaniu, e ciaeii N – oa, a eioi?uo niiiaaaaoanue.
a) au iieiinoueth ?aaeecoaoa naay ia ?aaioa;
a) au iicaieyaoa naiei no?aoai e o?aaiaai au?aaoueny ia?oaeo;
n) a ?aaioa au iieaaaaoanue ia eieeaa;
d) aai i?enoua no?aieaiea e eiiaiaeiaaieth;
a) au ia naea?aeeaaaoa iaaeiaieuenoaa;
f) au ia aa?eoa iaauaieyi ia/aeuenoaa ia neiai;
g) aai naienoaaiiu ?aceea ia?aiaaeu iano?iaiey;
h) a iauaiee au – eioa?aniue niaanaaeiee;
i) au – o?oaeiaieee;
j) au n/eoaaoa naay anaaaea i?aaui;
k) au o?aoeoa aeiaieueii iiiai a?aiaie ia iiaeaea?aeaiea naiae
oece/aneie oi?iu e caei?iauey;
l) au ia ethaeoa aeaeaoue;
m) au niiniaiu ?acei eciaieoue naith aeeciue.
Au i?i?aaioaee a i?aaiecaoeee aieueooth /anoue naiae o?oaeiaie aeecie.
Aao ia/aeueiee niiauaao aai i aaoai aiciiaeiii oaieueiaiee. Au:
a) /oanoaoaoa oineo e aacunoiaeiinoue;
a) eniuouaaaoa /oanoai o?aaiae ca aaoo aeaeueiaeooth aeeciue e aeeciue
aaoae naiuee;
n) au ceeoanue ia iani?aaaaeeeainoue e aeanoieinoue noaeueau;
d) o aan au?anoao iai?aeeiiiia aeaeaiea ai?ioueny e nio?aieoue naia
ianoi.
Eeth/e e ioaaoai:
1 a – 0 a – 1 n – 2 d – 3
2 a – 2 a – 3 n – 0 d – 1
3 a – 1 a – 0 n – 2 d – 3
4 a – 0 a – 1 n – 2 d – 3
5
n i i
a 2 1 0
a 0 1 3
n 2 1 0
d 1 3 0
e 2 1 0
f 0 1 3
6 a, a, n, d – 3 a, f, g, h – 2 i, j, k – 1
7
ae i n
a 1 0 2
a 0 2 1
n 1 0 2
d 3 1 0
e 1 0 2
f 3 0 1
g 2 0 1
h 1 0 2
i 2 1 0
j 3 1 0
k 2 0 1
l 3 1 0
m 0 1 2
8 a – 1 a – 0 n – 3 d – 2
Ioeaiea ?acoeueoaoia:
48 aaeeia e auoa – iiaaaeai/aneee oei A.
Aeey yoiai oeia iiaaaeaiey oa?aeoa?iu /anoiethaea, no?aieaiea auoue
ia?aui, aeoeaiinoue, ninoiyiea iinoiyiiie aeayoaeueiinoe, ?aaiou “ia
eciin”. Ethaee n oeiii iiaaaeaiey A – yoi y?eea e yiioeeiiaeueiua
eeaea?u, ?oeiaiaeeoaee, i?aaiecaoi?u. No?aieaiea e aeanoe – iaeia ec
y?eeo /a?o yoiai oeia, e iiyoiio, aeaaea ia caieiay ?oeiaiaeyuoth
aeieaeiinoue, oaeay ee/iinoue aoaeao no?aieoueny e eeaee?othuaio
iieiaeaieth a eieeaeoeaa, e nei?aa anaai, aeinoeaiao aai. Iiae/eiaiiue
oeia A aeaeaao ana nai, ia aoaeao iaeeaeaoue ?anii?yaeaiey ia/aeueieea a
iai?aaeaeaeaiiie neooaoeee, o iaai ionoonoaoao no?ao acyoue
ioaaonoaaiiinoue ia naay. ?oeiaiaeeoaeue oeia A iuoaaony ana
eiio?iee?iaaoue ee/ii, eae i?aaeei, ana ?aoaiey i?eieiaao nai – auno?i,
no?aieoaeueii, oi?ioee?oao iunee /aoei e e?aoei. ?oeiaiaeeoaeue oeia A
aeeaao a iinoiyiiii oeaeoiioa. ?oeiaiaeeoaeyi n oeiii iiaaaeaiey A,
nei?aa anaai, naienoaaiai aaoi?eoa?iue aeanoeee noeeue ?oeiaiaenoaa; iie
ia aoaeoo niiiaaaoueny, oaieueiyoue ee ?aaioieea eee iao n oi/ee c?aiey
ynoaoe/aneeo ii?i. Aeaei – i?aauoa anaai. Iiae/eiaiiui oi oaeeo
?oeiaiaeeoaeae neaaeoao iaeeaeaoue eae auniei yiioeeiiaeueiua iioaaeu,
oae e ?aceiai, e aeaaea a?oaiai ii?eoeaiey. Anee eiee/anoai aaeeia
i?aauoaao 62, yoi naeaeaoaeuenoaoao i iiaeoiaea ca e?eoe/aneoth oi/eo
a?aaeaeaaiinoe e aiaaa, naienoaaiiie ee/iinoe ii ioiioaieth e
ie?oaeathuei ethaeyi, nineoaeeaoeai eee iiae/eiaiiui, i iiauoaiiie
?acae?aaeeiinoe. Ee/iinoue n oeiii iiaaaeaiey A ?aeiiaiaeoaony
iacia/aoue ?oeiaiaeeoaeai a e?eoe/aneeo oneiaeyo: e?aeiyy
ianoaaeeueiinoue aiaoiae n?aaeu, oyaeaeue ineoieiae/aneee eeeiao a
eieeaeoeaa, ninoiyiea iinoiyiiuo eiioeeeoiuo neooaoeee aioo?e
eieeaeoeaa, a neo/aa iaiaoiaeeiinoe i?eiyoey aeanoeeo e iaiiioey?iuo
?aoaiee, iaiaoiaeeiuo aeey auaeeaaiey e ?acaeoey i?aaiecaoeee. Eae
iiae/eiaiiue, /aeiaae n iiaaaeai/aneei oeiii A, nei?aa anaai aoaeao
iaoi?iaeueiui eeaea?ii a eieeaeoeaa. A oaeii neo/aa ,caaea/a
?oeiaiaeeoaey – iaeoe n iei iauee ycue e naeaeaoue naiei ni?aoieeii.
Oaeie iiae/eiaiiue ia o?aaoao iaaeci?a e eiio?iey ca aai ?aaioie, oae e
eiio?iee?oao naay nai. I?yiie eiio?ieue e i?eeacu aac ianoaeaeaiey
nei?aa anaai i?eaaaeao e eiioeeeoo.
23-23 aaeeia – iiaaaeai/aneee oei A
Ethaeae n iiaaaeai/aneei oeiii A ioee/aao ionoonoaea ao?iuo yiioeee,
oia?aiiinoue, aeeieiiaoe/iinoue, oaeoe/iinoue a ioiioaieyo n ethaeueie,
ia eiioeeeoiinoue. Iie eaaei aaeaioe?othony e ianoiyoaeuenoaai,
i?eniinaaeeaathony e iiaui oneiaeyi. I?e ii? iie ouaoaeueii acaaoeaatho
ana aiciiaeiua aeueoa?iaoeaiua aa?eaiou, e iuoathony iaeoe iioeiaeueiue.
Ethaee oeia A iiaoo noaoue e oi?ioeie ?oeiaiaeeoaeyie e oi?ioeie
iiae/eiaiiuie. Eae ?oeiaiaeeoaee, ethaee iiaaaeai/aneiai oeia A iiaoo
no?aieoueny iiaeaea?aeeaaoue aeaaii?eyoiue ineoieiae/aneee eeeiao a
eieeaeoeaa, ecaaaaoue eiioeeeoia, iie i?ae?aniua i?aaiecaoi?u.
?oeiaiaeeoaeth oeia A naienoaaiai aeaiie?aoe/iue noeeue ?oeiaiaenoaa, ii
iicaieyao iiae/eiaiiui naiei i?eieiaoue ?aoaiey a iaeanoe eo
eiiiaoaioeee. Iiae/eiaiiua oeia A eniieieoaeueiu, iaycaoaeueiu.
Ionoonoaea e?aeiaai /anoiethaey e no?aieaiey e aeanoe i?eaiaeeo e oiio,
/oi oaeea ethaee noaiiayony eeaea?aie a eieeaeoeaa oieueei i?e oneiaee
iaee/ey o ieo auaeathueony ea/anoa (aunieiai eioaeeaeoa,
i?ioanneiiaeecia).
?oeiaiaeeoaee iiaaaeai/aneiai oeia A iaeaieaa ia?niaeoeaiu a aai/o?iii
aeciana, eiaanoeoeeiiiuo eiiiaieyo, aaieao e ae?oaeo oeiainiauo
einoeoooao e noa?ao aeciana, aaea o?aaoaony ea/anoaaiiia acaaoeaaiea e
o/ao oaeoi?ia i?e i?eiyoee ?aoaiey. Oeaeaniia?acii oaeaea iacia/aoue
?oeiaiaeeoaeai /aeiaaea n oeiii iiaaaeaiey A a eiioeeeoiua eieeaeoeau,
o.e. ii oiaao naeaaeeaaoue oaeu e i?aaeioa?auaoue e?oiiua eiioeeeou.
Oaeeo ?oeiaiaeeoaeae ?aeiiaiaeoaony iinueaoue a eiiaiaee?iaee a ae?oaea
no?aiu eee ?aaeiiu, ii n ae?oaie eoeueoo?ie o.e. ii iaeaaeaao aunieie
aaeaioe?oaiinoueth e iiaui oneiaeyi. ?oeiaiaeeoaee oeia A oiatho
?aaioaoue n ethaeueie, iiyoiio ei iiaeii ii?o/eoue iiae?acaeaeaiea ii
?aaioa n ia?niiaeii. Oaeea ?oeiaiaeeoaee iacaiaieiu i?e aaaeaiee
ia?aaiai?ia. Iiae/eiaiiua iiaaaeai/aneiai oeia A – iaycaoaeueiu,
ioaaonoaaiiu. Ei iiaeii ii?o/aoue neiaeioth ?aaioo e iia aoaeao
auiieiaia a n?ie. Eae i?aaeei, oaeea iiae/eiaiiua niiniaiu ?aaioaoue
iiae ?oeiaiaenoaii ethaiai ia/aeueieea – eae aaoi?eoa?iiai oae e
aeaiie?aoe/iiai. Ee/iinoe n oeiii iiaaaeaiey A iiaoo noaoue
iaoi?iaeueiuie eeaea?aie a eieeaeoeaa. A neo/aa aicieeiiaaiey eiioeeeoia
oaeea eeaea?u i?eeiaeao ana oneeey aeey aai iiaaoaiey.
22 aaeea e iaiueoa iiaaaeai/aneee oei N
Ethaeae n oeiii iiaaaeaiey N oa?aeoa?ecoao ninoiyiea iinoiyiiiai
aiaoiaai niieienoaey, iaaiciooeiinoe. Iaeiaei ca aiaoiae iannie
niieienoaey iiaoo ne?uaaoueny neeueiua yiioeee: ?aaeinoue, aiaa,
?aci/a?iaaiey. Eae i?aaeei ethaee n oeiii N eniieieoaee, oae eae eo
aeaeaiey, no?aieaiey ni?yoaiu aioo?e. Iie ia ethayo eiioeeeoiuo
neooaoeee e iiyoiio ia auneacuaatho naieo iiaiee e ia ionoaeaatho naith
oi/eo c?aiey, o.e. i?iua auiieieoue i?eeac ia/aeueiee. Oaeea ethaee
ieioea i?aaiecaoi?u, o.e. ia oiatho e ia aeaeatho aicaeaenoaiaaoue ia
ethaeae. Ninoiyiea iinoiyiiiai naea?aeeaaiey yiioeee i?eaiaeeo e
no?annai e ?aaioiniiniaiinoe. Ia ?aeiiaiaeoaony iacia/aoue ethaeae n
oeiii iiaaaeaiey N ia ?oeiaiaeyuea aeieaeiinoe. ?oeiaiaeeoaeyi ,o
eioi?uo a iiae/eiaiee iaoiaeyony ethaee n iiaaaeai/aneei oeiii N,
?aeiiaiaeoaony i?aaeinoaaeyoue ei niieieioth, ?ooeiioth, ia o?aaothuoth
oai?/aneiai i?eiyoey ?aoaiey, e i?eiyoey ioaaonoaaiiinoe ia naay. Ia
?aeiiaiaeoaony eniieueciaaoue oaeeo ?aaioieeia a iiae?acaeaeaieyo,
naycaiiuo n caeeth/aieai eiio?aeoia, naeaeie, n ?aaioie n eeeaioaie e
aeaeiauie ia?oia?aie. Oaeea iiae/eiaiiua ioaeaeathony a iinoiyiiii
iaeia?aiee e eiio?iea ni noi?iiu ?oeiaiaeeoaey.
Ioaaou oanoe?oaiiai:
1.d (3) 2.d (1) 3.a (0) 4.a (0) 5.a-c (2) a-o (0) c-c (2) d-c (1) e-o
(1) f-i (3)
6. a (3) d (3) e (2) j (1) 7. a-i (0) a-c (1) c-c (2) d-c (0) e-ae (1)
f-i (0) g-ae (2) h-ae (1) i-i (1) j-c(0) k-i (0) l-c (0) m-c (2)
Aeaiiue iaiaaeaea? ioaaoee ia ana aii?inu e i?e iiaen/aoa iieo/ee 32
aaeea, /oi aiai?eo i oii, /oi aai iiaaaeai/aneee oei ioiineony e oeio A.
Aio naienoaaiai aeaiie?aoe/iue noeeue ?oeiaiaenoaa. Ii eaaei
aaeaioe?othony e ianoiyoaeuenoaai, i?eniinaaeeaaaony e iiaui oneiaeyi,
ii iiaeao noaoue e oi?ioei ?oeiaiaeeoaeai e oi?ioei iiae/eiaiiui.
Caeeth/aiea.
Eoae, oaia?ue iiaeii iiaeaanoe eoiae. Iaiiieiath, /oi oeaeue aeaiiie
?aaiou naiaeeeanue e oiio, /oiau iieacaoue eaeea noeee, iaoiaeu
?oeiaiaenoaa eiathony a ?anii?yaeaiee ?oeiaiaeeoaey, eo aeinoieinoaa e
iaaeinoaoee, a oae aea /oi i?aaenoaaeyao niaie oai?ey eeaea?noaa.
Eeaea?noai – yoi acaeiiioiioaiey iaaeaeo ?oeiaiaeeoaeai e iiae/eiaiiuie.
Iiaeoiaeu e eco/aieth eeaea?noaa ?acee/athony eiiaeiaoeeae o?ao iniiaiuo
ia?aiaiiuo: eeaea?neea ea/anoaa, eeaea?neia iiaaaeaiea e neooaoeey, a
eioi?ie aeaenoaoao eeaea?. Oaeei ia?acii, auaeaeyaony iiaaaeai/aneee e
neooaoeeiiiue iiaeoiaeu e eeaea?noao. Aaaeiue aeeaae iiaaaeai/aneiai
iiaeoiaea a oai?eth eeaea?noaa caeeth/aaony a oii, /oi ii iiiia i?iaanoe
aiaeec e ninoaaeoue eeanneoeeaoeeth noeeae ?oeiaiaenoaa. NOEEUe
?OEIAIAeNOAA a eiioaenoa oi?aaeaiey – yoi i?eau/iay iaia?a iiaaaeaiey
?oeiaiaeeoaey ii ioiioaieth e iiae/eiaiiui. Noaiaiue, aei eioi?ie
oi?aaeythuee aeaeaae?oao naie iieiiii/ey, oeiu aeanoe, eniieuecoaiua ei,
e aai caaioa, i?aaeaea anaai, i /aeiaa/aneeo ioiioaieyo eee, i?aaeaea
anaai, i auiieiaiee caaea/e – ana io?aaeaao noeeue ?oeiaiaenoaa,
oa?aeoa?ecothuee aeaiiiai eeaea?a.
A aunoae noaiaie aaoi?eoa?iue eee aaoie?aoe/iue ?oeiaiaeeoaeue
iaaycuaaao naith aieth iooai i?eioaeaeaiey, aiciaa?aaeaeaiey e o.ae.
?oeiaiaeeoaeue aeaiie?aoe/iue, i?aaeii/eoaao ieacuaaoue aeeyiea n
iiiiuueth oaaaeaeaiey, ?acoiiie aa?u eee oa?eciu. Ii ecaaaaao
iaaycuaaoue naith aieth iiae/eiaiiui.
Niaa?oaiii i/aaeaeii, /oi ie aaoi?eoa?iue ie aeaiie?aoe/aneee noeee
oi?aaeaiey ia?niiaeii a e?aeieo naieo i?iyaeaieyo iaeoe aanueia o?oaeii.
Noeee ?oeiaiaenoaa iiaoo auoue niaoaiiuie e caaenaoue io neooaoeee, o.a.
aaeaioeaiuie. Yoi i?eiineo aieueoee ?acoeueoao, iaaeaee i?eaa?aeaiiinoue
oieueei iaeiiio noeeth. Oai ia iaiaa a oeaeii iiaeii neacaoue, /oi
iniiaiie oii? a ?oeiaiaenoaa aeieaeai aeaeaoueny ia
nioeeaeueii-ineoieiae/aneea, yeiiiie/aneea iaoiaeu ?oeiaiaenoaa e ia
aeaiie?aoe/iue noeeue oi?aaeaiey. Eiiaiaeiue iaoiae ia iiaeoiaeeo, o.e.
ii iiaio iiaieth, iaeuecy canoaaeoue, /oiau iiaua eaeae, ianoaiaea?oiua
iiaeoiaeu e ?aoaieth i?iaeai ?iaeaeaeenue ii oeacea, oieueei iioiio, /oi
oae oi/ao ia/aeueiee.
Iie?aynue ia aeaiie?aoe/aneee noeeue, iaiaoiaeeii iaeneiaeueii
i?aaeinoaaeoue naiaiaeo nio?oaeieeai a auiieiaiee iinoaaeaiiuo ia?aae
ieie caaea/. Iaeiia?aiaiii iaiaoiaeeii ii?aaeaeeoue eiio?ieueiua oi/ee
aeey i?iaa?ee, a aiciiaeii e ei??aeoe?iaee oiaea auiieiaiey caaeaiey,
o.e. iieuecoynue /?acia?iie naiaiaeie iiae/eiaiiua, ia iiieiay
eiia/iie oeaee, iiaoo ?aoaoue iinoaaeaiiua caaea/e ia a oii iai?aaeaiee.
Oaeei ia?acii, naiue yooaeoeaiui noeeai a naaiaeiyoiai auno?i
iaiythuainy ie?a yaeyaony noeeue aaeaioeaiue, o.a. noeeue,
i?eaioe?iaaiiue ia ?aaeueiinoue.
Oae aea a ?aaioa i?aaenoaaeaia iaoiaeeea ii ii?aaeaeaieth
iiaaaeai/aneiai oeia ee/iinoe. Aeaiiay iaoiaeeea i?eaioe?iaaia ia
naiiioeaieo iiaaaeai/aneiai oeia /aeiaaea, /oi iiiiaeao aio yooaeoeaii
?ani?aaeaeeoue naie oiaiey e niiniaiinoe, i?e auiieiaiee ?aaiou. Oae aea
aeaiiue oano oi?ioi i?eiaiyoue i?e iaeia ia ?aaioo niaoeeaeenoa. Ii
iiiiaeao ca?aiaa ii?aaeaeeoue iiaaaeaiea /aeiaaea a ?acee/iuo
neooaoeeyo, iiiiaeao ?oeiaiaeeoaeth eo/oa ioa?aeoa?eciaaoue
aiciiaeiinoe nio?oaeieea i?e auiieiaiee ii?o/aiee, ?ac?aoaiee
eiioeeeoia, e iiaeao ee oanoe?oaiue noaoue iaoi?iaeueiui eeaea?ii a
eieeaeoeaa, a oae aea eaeoth ?aaioo eo/oa aeaaaoue e ia aeaaaoue
aeaiiiio eiaeeaeaeo, ia neieueei oi?ioi ii aoaeao ni?aaeyoueny n
iai?aaeaeaeaiiuie neooaoeeyie.
Nienie eniieuecoaiie eeoa?aoo?u:
1. Aa/oe A.A. Aee?aeoi?neee oeaa: caieiaoaeueii ia oi?aaeaiee. E., 1991.
2. Aiae?aaa A. E. Naii?acaeoea iaiaaeaea?a. I., 1995.
3. Aaniei A.?. Iniiau iaiaaeaeiaioa. I., 1996.
4. Aa?/eeiaa E. I. Iaiaaeaeiaio. I., 1995.
5. Aii/a?ia A. A. A iieneao niaa?oaionaa oi?aaeaiey. ?oeiaiaenoai aeey
aunoaai oi?aaeai/aneiai ia?niiaea. I., 1996.
6. Aei?ioaaaa I.A. Iiaeai? ?oeiaiaeeoaey aeey eiie?aoiiai eieeaeoeaa.
//Oi?aaeaiea ia?niiaeii. –1997.-?8.
7. Ae?oea? I. Yooaeoeaiue oi?aaeythuee. I., 1994.
8. Ceaa?o A., Eaia E. ?oeiaiaeeoue aac eiioeeeoia. I., 1998.
9. Oeuieeia TH.A. Iaiaaeaeiaio. I., 2002
10. Oiea? A. Eae aeaeaoue aecian a Aa?iia. I., 1990
PAGE 2
Noeee ?oeiaiaenoaa
Aeaiie?aoe/iue
Aaoie?aoe/iue
Eeaa?aeueiue
Noeee eeaea?noaa
Nin?aaeioi/aiiue
ia ?aaioa
Nin?aaeioi/aiiue
ia /aeiaaea
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