Ieienoa?noai iauaai e i?ioanneiiaeueiiai
ia?aciaaiey ?O
Ainoaea?noaaiiue Oieaa?neoao Oi?aaeaiey
EINOEOOO IAIAAeAEIAIOA A NO?IEOAEUeNOAA E OI?AAEAIEss I?IAEOII
AeENOeEIEEIA: I?IECAIAeNOAAIIUE IAIAAeAEIAIO
?AOA?AO IA OAIO:
“Eiioeaioeey i?eiyoey oi?aaeai/aneiai ?aoaiey a nia?aiaiiie eeoa?aoo?a”
?oeiaiaeeoaeue: O?eiei A.A.
Auiieiee: Nooaeaio 4-ai eo?na 2-ie a?oiiu
niaoeeaeueiinoe IIN ?inoiaoeaa A.E.
Iineaa 1998.
IEAI:
1. AAAAeAIEA.
2. ?AOAIEA – YOI AUAI? AEUeOA?IAOEAU.
3. IIAeOIAeU E I?EIssOETH ?AOAIEE.
4. Ae?OAEA OAEOI?U, AEEssTHUEA IA I?IOeANN I?EIssOEss OI?AAEAI*ANEEO
?AOAIEE.
5. NIENIE EEOA?AOO?U.
AAAAeAIEA:
A nia?aiaiiie eeoa?aoo?a iiaeii ano?aoeoue ianeieueei iiaeoiaeia e
eco/aieth i?ioeanna i?eiyoey ?aoaiey, ii iaeaieaa iieii e oi/ii iiaeii
ia yoii aiai?eoue, i?eaea?aeeaaynue acaeyaeu eieeaeoeaa aaoi?ia iiae
?oeiaiaenoaii I.O.Ianeiia, eioi?ue, iaiauea o?oaeu ?yaea aaoi?ia e naie
ee/iue iiuo, ?ac?aaioae naith oai?eth.
Aeey i?eiyoey ethaiai ?aoaiey iaiaoiaeeiu ianeieueei oneiaee: noauaeo
auai?a ni naieie eioa?anaie, i?eno?anoeyie, oeiainiauie aiciiaeiinoyie e
o. ae, iaai? aeueoa?iaoea. Aeueoa?iaoeau e noauaeo auai?a
acaeiiaeaenoaotho, yoio i?ioeann i?ioiaeeo aeaaeei, anee ia
i?ioeai?a/ao:
1. Aeaeea?aoeaiua ciaiey (iauaeoeaiua) – ciaiey i eaeeo – oi iauaeoao, n
eioi?uie iu oioei acaeiiaeaenoaiaaoue.
2. Ciaiey i i?aaeii/oaieyo (oeaiiinoe, i?eiyoua a iauanoaa, ?aeeaee,
iieeoeea).
3. Ciaiey i aeaenoaeyo (i?ioeaaeo?iua ciaiey).
A i?ioeanna acaeiiaeaenoaey iieo/aaony ?acoeueoao auai?a.
A nayce n yoei anoue ianeieueei i?eioeeiia iino?iaiey iiaeaee i?eiyoey
?aoaiee:
1. I?eioeei acaeiiie iieiiou.
2. I?eioeei iai?ioeai?a/eainoe ai acaeiiioiioaieyo e i?iaeaeaeaiee.
3. I?eioeei yeiiiiee.
4. I?eioeei iai?ioeai?a/eainoe i?eiyoui eoeueoo?iui ii?iai.
Iaiaaeaea?ii iiaeii iacaaoue /aeiaaea oieueei oiaaea, eiaaea ii
i?eieiaao i?aaiecaoeeiiiua ?aoaiey eee ?aaeecoao eo /a?ac ae?oaeo
ethaeae. I?eiyoea ?aoaiee – iaeia ec ninoaaiuo /anoae ethaie
oi?aaeai/aneie ooieoeee. Iaiaoiaeeiinoue i?eiyoey ?aoaiee i?iiecuaaao
ana, /oi aeaeaao oi?aaeythuee, oi?ioee?oy oeaee e aeiaeaaynue eo
aeinoeaeaiey. Iiyoiio iiieiaiea i?e?iaeu i?eiyoey ?aoaiee aaaeii aeey
anyeiai, eoi oi/ao i?aoniaoue a eneonnoaa oi?aaeaiey. Ieaea aoaeoo
?anniio?aiu oeiu ?aoaiee, i?eieiaaiuo oi?aaeythueie, eniieuecoaiua
niiniau, iao/iua iaoiaeu iiauoaiey yooaeoeaiinoe yoiai i?ioeanna e
iniiaiua oaeoi?u, eioi?ua iaiaoiaeeii o/eouaaoue i?e i?eiyoee
oi?aaeai/aneeo ?aoaiee.
?AOAIEA – YOI AUAI? AEUeOA?IAOEAU.
Neaaeoao iiiieoue, /oi ii/oe ana eaaeaeiaeiaaiua ?aoaiey iu i?eieiaai
aac nenoaiaoe/aneiai i?iaeoiuaaiey, ae?oaea ?aoaiey, iai?eia?, eoaea
ioi?aaeoueny aeeoue iinea ieii/aiey oieaa?neoaoa eee eaeie noeeue aeecie
oaeiaeaoai?ee au ian – iinea ?aciuoeaiee, aeeyueony aeie, ianyoeu,
aiaeu. Eiiaaea a neeo iainiciaaaaiuo ineoieiae/aneeo oaeoi?ia iu
oaeaeyai iai?iii?oeeiiaeueii iiiai aieiaiey ioaeaeueiui ?aoaieyi.
Iai?eia?, iaeioi?ua ethaee oa?cathony iaaeaeyie ii iiaiaeo iieoiee ia?u
oooaeue e aeaenoaotho eiioeueneaii, i?eia?aoay aaoiiiaeeue, noieiinoueth
15 oun. aeieea?ia.
Iaeiaei a oi?aaeaiee i?eiyoea ?aoaiee – aieaa nenoaiaoece?iaaiiue
i?ioeann, /ai a /anoiie aeecie. Noaaea ca/anooth iiiai auoa. *anoiue
auai? eiaeeaeaea neacuaaaony a iniiaiii ia aeecie aai nianoaaiiie e
iaiiiaeo naycaiiuo n iei ethaeae. Iaiaaeaea? auae?aao iai?aaeaiea
aeaenoaee ia oieueei aeey naay, ii e aeey i?aaiecaoeee e aeey ae?oaeo
?aaioieeia. Ethaee, iaoiaeyueany ia aa?oieo yoaaeao e?oiiie
i?aaiecaoeee, ii?ie i?eieiatho ?aoaiey, naycaiiua n ieeeeiiaie
aeieea?ia. *oi aua aaaeiaa, oi?aaeai/aneea ?aoaiey iiaoo aeeyoue ia
noaeueau iiiaeo ethaeae, ii iaiueoae ia?a, eaaeaeiai ec oao, eoi
?aaioaao n i?eiyaoei ?aoaiea ?oeiaiaeeoaeai, e, aiciiaeii eaaeaeiai a
i?aaiecaoeee. Iaeei iaiaaeaea? iiaeao oo?aoiaaoue ?aaioieea ca iaeaeooth
i?iaeiiinoue, oo?aoiaaoue oao, eoi caieiaaony ia ?aaioa iauanoaaiiie
aeayoaeueiinoueth. Ae?oaie ?oeiaiaeeoaeue iiaeao ?aoeoue, /oi eceeoiyy
no?iainoue a yoeo aii?inao a?iceo noaoue i?e/eiie ii?aeueiuo i?iaeai,
?acoeueoaoii eioi?uo aoaeao ?ino /enea i?iaoeia, oaeo/anoe eaae?ia e,
aiciiaeii, oooaeoaiea ianeoaeeaaiey iio?aaeoaeae, nieaeaiea
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe e ea/anoaa i?iaeoeoeee. Ioeacuaaynue io
aaeieieno?aoeaiuo iaeacaiee, ?oeiaiaeeoaeue ?aoaao /oi aoaeao aieueoa
i?ieo io i?yiiai, ii oaa?aeiai ?acaiai?a n ?aaioieeii. Iaeiaei ni
a?aiaiai iiaoi?ythueany neo/ae iiicaeaiey ia ?aaioo e nieaeaiey
aeoeaiinoe ii i?e/eia ao?iie iauanoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe iiaoo
canoaaeoue ?oeiaiaeeoaey ana aea i?eiyoue ?aoaiea ia oaieueiaiee
?aaioieea. Anee i?aaiecaoeey aaeeea e aeeyoaeueia, ?aoaiey aa aunoeo
?oeiaiaeeoaeae iiaoo ii?aaeaeythuei ia?acii eciaiyoue ianoiia
ie?oaeaiea. Iaeioi?ua oi?aaeai/aneea ?aoaiey aoeaaeueii iaiytho oiae
enoi?ee. Aaaeiua ainoaea?noaaiiua ?aoaiey, iai?eia?, i i?eiaiaiee
aoiiiie aiiau i?aceaeaioii O?oiyiii, iiiaaeatho a yoo eaoaai?eth.
Ioaaonoaaiiinoue ca i?eiyoea aaaeiuo i?aaiecaoeeiiiuo ?aoaiee –
oyaeaeia ii?aeueiia a?aiy, /oi iniaaiii y?ei i?iyaeyaony ia aunoeo
o?iaiyo oi?aaeaiey. Iaeiaei ?oeiaiaeeoaee ethaiai ?aiaa eiatho aeaei n
nianoaaiiinoueth, i?eiaaeeaaeauae ae?oaei ethaeyi, e /a?ac iaa aeeytho
ia eo aeeciue. Anee ?oeiaiaeeoaeue ?aoaao oaieeoue iiae/eiaiiiai,
iineaaeiee iiaeao neeueii iino?aaeaoue. Anee ieioiai ?aaioieea ia
inoaiiaeoue, iiaeao iino?aaeaoue i?aaiecaoeey, /oi io?eoeaoaeueii
neaaeaony ia aa aeaaeaeueoeao e anao nio?oaeieeao. Iiyoiio
?oeiaiaeeoaeue, eae i?aaeei, ia iiaeao i?eieiaoue iai?iaeoiaiiuo
?aoaiee. I?aaeaea /ai iiiyoue, eae ?oeiaiaeeoaeue iiaeao aeaenoaiaaoue
aieaa ?aoeeiiaeueii e nenoaiaoece?iaaiii, iaiaoiaeeii iiae?iaiaa
iciaeiieoueny ni anaiauiinoueth i?eiyoey ?aoaiee, aai i?aaie/aneie
naycueth n i?ioeannii oi?aaeaiey e iaeioi?uie oa?aeoa?enoeeaie
i?aaiecaoeeiiiuo ?aoaiee.
I?AAIECAOeEIIIUA ?AOAIEss.
I?eiyoea ?aoaiee io?aaeaaony ia anao aniaeoao oi?aaeaiey. I?eiyoea
?aoaiee – /anoue eaaeaeiaeiaaiie ?aaiou oi?aaeythueo. Eae aiai?eo
i?ioanni? O?yie Oa??enii: “I?eiyoea ?aoaiee – yoi eioaa?aeueiay /anoue
oi?aaeaiey i?aaiecaoeeae ethaiai ?iaea. Aieaa /ai /oi – eeai ae?oaia,
eiiiaoaioiinoue a aeaiiie iaeanoe ioee/aao iaiaaeaea?a io ia
iaiaaeaea?a, – yooaeoeaii ?aaioathuaai iaiaaeaea?a io aai iayooaeoeaii
?aaioathuaai eieeaae. “I?ioanni? Ieioeaa?a onoaiiaee, /oi eaaeaeue
?oeiaiaeeoaeue ea?aao naith ?ieue a iaaeee/iinoiii iauaiee,
eioi?iaoeeiiiii iaiaia e i?eiyoee ?aoaiee. A iaeanoe i?eiyoey ?aoaiee
Ieioeaa?a auaeaeee /aou?a ?iee ?oeiaiaeeoaey: i?aaei?eieiaoaeue,
niaoeeaeeno ii eni?aaeaieth ia?ooaiee a ?aaioa, ?ani?aaeaeeoaeue
?ano?nia e niaoeeaeeno ii aeinoeaeaieth niaeaoaiee. Iineieueeo oa?aeoa?
?aaiou iaiaaeaea?a caaeneo io o?iaiy oi?aaeaiey, ia eioi?ii ii
iaoiaeeony, nouanoaotho ?acee/ey e a oa?aeoa?a ?aoaiee, i?eieiaaiuo ia
?aciuo o?iaiyo. Oai ia iaiaa, ana yoe ?iee ia?eiaee/anee eniieiyao
eaaeaeue iaiaaeaea?.
?aoaiea – yoi auai? aeueoa?iaoea. A naaiaeiyoiai neiaeiii, auno?i
iaiythuainy ie?a i?aaiecaoeee iiiaea aeueoa?iaoeau iaoiaeyony a
?anii?yaeaiee iaiaaeaea?ia e, /oiau noi?ioee?iaaoue oeaeue ia?aae
a?oiiie ethaeae e aeiaeoueny aa aeinoeaeaiey, iaiaoiaeeii aeaoue ioaaou
ia iiiai/eneaiiua aii?inu. Eaaeaeay oi?aaeai/aneay ooieoeey naycaia n
ianeieueeeie iaueie, aeeciaiii aaaeiuie ?aoaieyie, o?aaothueie
i?aoai?aiey a aeeciue.
Ieaie?iaaiea
1. Eaeiaa iaoa naa?ocaaea/a eee i?e?iaea iaoaai aeciana?
2. Eaeeie aeieaeiu auoue iaoe oeaee?
3. Eaeea eciaiaiey i?ienoiaeyo ai aiaoiai ie?oaeaiee e eae iie
io?aaeathony e iiaoo io?aceoueny a aoaeouai ia i?aaiecaoeee?
4. Eaeea no?aoaaeth e oaeoeeo neaaeiaaei au iai aua?aoue aeey
aeinoeaeaiey iinoaaeaiiuo oeaeae?
I?aaiecaoeey aeayoaeueiinoe
1. Eaeei ia?acii neaaeoao no?oeoo?e?iaaoue ?aaioo i?aaiecaoeee? Eae
oeaeaniia?acii oe?oiieoue aeiee auiieiyaiuo ?aaio?
2. Eae neii?aeeie?iaaoue ooieoeeiie?iaaiea yoeo aeieia, /oiau iii
i?ioaeaei aa?iiie/ii e ia auei i?ioeai?a/eaui?
3. I?eiyoea eaeeo ?aoaiee ia eaaeaeii o?iaia i?aaiecaoeee neaaeoao
aeiaa?youe ethaeyi, a /anoiinoe ?oeiaiaeeoaeyi?
4. Neaaeoao ee iai eciaiyoue no?oeoo?o i?aaiecaoeee ec – ca eciaiaiee ai
aiaoiai ie?oaeaiee?
Iioeaaoeey
1. A /ai ioaeaeathony iie iiae/eiaiiua?
2. A eaeie ia?a yoe iio?aaiinoe oaeiaeaoai?ythony a oiaea
aeayoaeueiinoe, iai?aaeaiiie ia aeinoeaeaiea oeaeae i?aaiecaoeee?
3. Anee oaeiaeaoai?aiea ?aaioie e i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue iieo
iiae/eiaiiuo aic?inee, oi ii/aio yoi i?iecioei?
4. *oi iiaeai iu naeaeaoue, /oiau iiauneoue o?iaaiue oaeiaeaoai?aiiinoe
?aaioie e i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue iiae/eiaiiuo?
Eiio?ieue
1. Eae iai neaaeoao ecia?youe ?acoeueoaou ?aaiou?
2. Eae /anoi neaaeoao aeaaaoue ioeaieo ?acoeueoaoia?
3. Ianeieueei iu i?aoniaee a aeinoeaeaiee iaoeo oeaeae?
4. Anee iu iaaeinoaoi/ii i?iaeaeioeenue e iinoaaeaiiui oeaeyi, oi ii/aio
yoi neo/eeinue e eaeea ei??aeoeau neaaeiaaei au aianoe?
I?aaiecaoeeiiiia ?aoaiea – yoi auai?, eioi?ue aeieaeai naeaeaoue
?oeiaiaeeoaeue, /oiau auiieieoue iaycaiiinoe, iaoneiaeaiiua caieiaaiie
aeieaeiinoueth. Oeaeue i?aaiecaoeeiiiiai ?aoaiey – iaania/aiea
aeaeaeaiey e iinoaaeaiiui ia?aae i?aaiecaoeeae caaea/ai. Iineieueeo
iaeaieaa yooaeoeaiui i?aaiecaoeeiiiui ?aoaieai yaeyaony auai?, eioi?ue
aoaeao ia naiii aeaea ?aaeeciaai e aianao aieueoie aeeaae a aeinoeaeaiea
eiia/iie oeaee.
I?aaiecaoeeiiiua ?aoaiey iiaeii eaaeeoeoee?iaaoue, eae
cai?ia?aiie?iaaiiua e iacai?ia?aiie?iaaiiua.
CAI?IA?AIIE?IAAIIUA ?AOAIEss.
Iiaaeaaneee eao?aao Aa?aa?o Naeiii eniieueciaae oa?iei
“cai?ia?aiie?iaaiiua”, caeinoaiaaiiue ec ycuea eiiiuethoa?iie
oaoiieiaee, aeey iienaiey ?aoaiee a aunieie ia?a no?oeoo?e?iaaiiuo.
Cai?ia?aiie?iaaiiia ?aoaiea anoue ?acoeueoao ?aaeecaoeee ii?aaeaeaiiie
iineaaeiaaoaeueiinoe oaaia eee aeaenoaee, iiaeiaiuo oai, /oi
i?aaei?eieiathony i?e ?aoaiee iaoaiaoe/aneiai o?iaiaiey. Eae i?aaeei,
/enei aiciiaeiuo aeueoa?iaoea ia?aie/aii e auai? aeieaeai auoue naeaeai
a i?aaeaeao iai?aaeaiee, caaeaiiuo i?aaiecaoeeae.
I?ia?aiie?iaaiea iiaeii n/eoaoue aaaeiui aniiiiaaoaeueiui n?aaenoaii a
i?eiyoee yooaeoeaiuo i?aaiecaoeeiiiuo ?aoaiee. Ii?aaeaeea, eaeei
aeieaeii auoue ?aoaiea, ?oeiaiaeeoaeue nieaeaao aiciiaeiinoue ioeaee.
Yoei oaeaea yeiiiieony a?aiy, iineieueeo iiae/eiaiiui ia i?eoiaeeony
?ac?aaaouaaoue iiaoth i?aaeeueioth i?ioeaaeo?o anyeee ?ac, eiaaea
aicieeaao niioaaonoaothuay neooaoeey. Iaoaeeaeoaeueii, /oi ?oeiaiaenoai
/anoi i?ia?aiie?oao ?aoaiey iiae neooaoeee, iiaoi?ythueany n
ii?aaeaeaiiie ?aaoey?iinoueth.
?oeiaiaeeoaeth i/aiue aaaeii eiaoue oaa?aiiinoue a oii, /oi i?ioeaaeo?a
i?eiyoey ?aoaiee a naiii aeaea i?aaeeueia e aeaeaoaeueia. I/aaeaeii,
anee cai?ia?aiie?iaaiiay i?ioeaaeo?a noaiiaeony iaaa?iie e
iaaeaeaoaeueiie, ?aoaiey, i?eiyoua n aa iiiiuueth, aoaeoo
iayooaeoeaiuie, a ?oeiaiaenoai oo?aoeo oaaaeaiea naieo ?aaioieeia e oao
ethaeae aia i?aaiecaoeee, ia eioi?uo i?eieiaaiua ?aoaiey neacuaathony.
Aieaa oiai, a aunoae noaiaie aeaeaoaeueii niiaueoue ia iainiiaaieyo
iaoiaeieiaee i?eiyoey cai?ia?aiie?iaaiiuo ?aoaiee oai, eoi yoie
iaoiaeieiaeae iieuecoaony, iaaeaee i?inoi i?aaeeiaeeoue aa aeey
oiio?aaeaiey. Ianiiniaiinoue ioaaoeoue ia aii?inu, ia/eiathueany n
“ii/aio” a nayce n i?ioeaaeo?ie i?eiyoey ?aoaiee, ca/anooth ii?iaeaeaao
iai?yaeaiea e iaeaeaao ethaeae, eioi?ua aeieaeiu i?eiaiyoue yoo
i?ioeaaeo?o. Yooaeoeaiue iaiai eioi?iaoeeae ii?iaeaeaao yooaeoeaiinoue
i?eiyoey ?aoaiee.
IACAI?IA?AIIE?IAAIIUA ?AOAIEss.
?aoaiey yoiai oeia o?aaothony a neooaoeeyo, eioi?ua a ii?aaeaeaiiie
ia?a iiau, aioo?aiia ia no?oeoo?e?iaaiu eee nii?yaeaiu n iaecaanoiuie
oaeoi?aie. Iineieueeo ca?aiaa iaaiciiaeii ninoaaeoue eiie?aoioth
iineaaeiaaoaeueiinoue iaiaoiaeeiuo oaaia, ?oeiaiaeeoaeue aeieaeai
?ac?aaioaoue i?ioeaaeo?o i?eiyoey ?aoaiee. E /eneo iacai?ia?aiie?iaaiiuo
iiaeii ioianoe ?aoaiey oaeiai oeia: eaeeie aeieaeiu auoue oeaee
i?aaiecaoeee, eae oeo/oeoue i?iaeoeoeeth, eae oniaa?oainoaiaaoue
no?oeoo?o oi?aaeai/aneiai iiae?acaeaeaiey, eae oneeeoue iioeaaoeeth
iiae/eiaiiuo. A eaaeaeie ec iiaeiaiuo neooaoeee(eae /aua anaai auaaao n
iacai?ia?aiie?iaaiiuie ?aoaieyie)enoeiiie i?e/eiie i?iaeaiu iiaeao auoue
ethaie ec oaeoi?ia. A oi aea a?aiy, ?oeiaiaeeoaeue iaeaaeaao iiiaeanoaii
aa?eaioia auai?a.
Ia i?aeoeea iaiiiaea oi?aaeai/aneea ?aoaiey ieacuaathony
cai?ia?aiie?iaaiiuie eee iacai?ia?aiie?iaaiiuie a /enoii aeaea. Nei?aa
anaai, iie nooue e?aeiea ioia?aaeaiey iaeioi?iai niaeo?a a neo/aa e n
iianaaeiaaiuie, e n i?eioeeieaeueiuie ?aoaieyie. Ii/oe ana ?aoaiey
ieacuaathony aaea – ieaoaeue iaaeaeo e?aeieie aa?eaioaie. Iaiiiaea
cai?ia?aiie?iaaiiua ?aoaiey ianoieueei no?oeoo?e?iaaiu, /oi ee/iay
eieoeeaoeaa eeoea, i?eieiathuaai eo, oeaeeeii eneeth/aaony. E aeaaea a
neooaoeee naiiai neiaeiiai auai?a iaoiaeieiaey i?eiyoey
cai?ia?aiie?iaaiiuo ?aoaiee iiaeao auoue iieacia.
I?e eco/aiee i?ioeanna i?eiyoey i?aaiecaoeeiiiuo ?aoaiee neaaeoao
anaaaea iiiieoue, /oi ii oae oanii naycai n i?ioeannii oi?aaeaiey a
oeaeii, /oi i?e oneiaee ?aaeenoe/iinoe iiaeoiaea, eo iaeuecy
?anniao?eaaoue ioaeaeueii. Ana ooieoeee ieaie?iaaiey, i?aaiecaoeee
aeayoaeueiinoe, iioeaaoeee e eiio?iey o?aaotho io ?oeiaiaeeoaey i?eiyoey
?aoaiee. Iiyoiio iaiaoiaeeii i?aaenoaaeoue iaeioi?ua iniiau, eioi?ua
aeaaeoo aiciiaeiinoue i?eieiaoue yoe ?aoaiey n aieueoae
yooaeoeaiinoueth. Aaaeiaeoei nouiinoiui yeaiaioii yoie iniiau aeieaeiu
auoue ee/iua ?aoaiey eae ?oeiaiaeeoaeae, oae e ethaeae, eioi?uie iie
?oeiaiaeyo.
EIII?IIENNU
Aaaeii ioiaoeoue, /oi i?aeoe/anee ai anao neo/ayo aeey ?oeiaiaeeoaey
auei au cao?oaeieoaeueiui, anee aiiaua aiciiaeiui, i?eiyoea ?aoaiey, ia
eiathuaai io?eoeaoaeueiuo iineaaenoaee. Eae niaoeeaeeno ii eco/aieth
i?iaeai oi?aaeaiey ?iaa?o Eaoe oeacuaaao, /oi eaaeaeia ?aoaiea aeieaeii
“o?aaiiaaoeaaoue ianoieueei i?ioeai?a/eaua oeaiiinoe, oeaee e e?eoa?ee,
/oi n ethaie oi/ee c?aiey iie aoaeao ooaea iioeiaeueiiai. Eaaeaeia
?aoaiea eee auai?, cao?aaeaathuaa ana i?aaei?eyoea, aoaeao eiaoue
iaaaoeaiua iineaaenoaey aeey eaeeo – oi aai /anoae. “Aio ii/aio neaaeoao
?anniao?eaaoue i?aaiecaoeeth n iiceoeee nenoaiiiai iiaeoiaea e
o/eouaaoue aiciiaeiua iineaaenoaey oi?aaeai/aneiai ?aoaiey aeey anao aa
/anoae. E i?eia?o iaeioi?ua i?aaiecaoeee ?aoeee ioeacaoueny io i?aeoeee
oaieueiaiey ?aaioieeia. Aeaaea a neooaoeee yeiiiie/aneiai niaaea,
nieaeaiey iauaiia nauoa e i?eaueae aeey eiiiaiee a aeieain?i/iie
ia?niaeoeaa aoaeao, eae iie n/eoatho, eo/oa, anee oaeanony
iiaeaea?aeaoue ii?aeueiue aeoo e eiyeueiinoue ii ioiioaieth e eiiiaiee ,
aa?aioe?iaaa caiyoinoue anai ?aaioieeai. Oioy oaeia ?aoaiea nii?yaeaii n
aeiiieieoaeueiuie ?anoiaeaie ia ca?aaioioth ieaoo, yoe i?aaiecaoeee
oaa?aiu, /oi a aeeeoaeueiie ia?niaeoeaa iioa?ytho aieueoa, iiaei?aaa
oaieueiaieyie ii?aeue e eiyeueiinoue ?aaioieeia.
Yooaeoeaii ?aaioathuee ?oeiaiaeeoaeue iiieiaao e i?eieiaao eae oaeo oi,
/oi aua?aiiay ei aeueoa?iaoeaa iiaeao eiaoue iaaeinoaoee, aiciiaeii,
cia/eoaeueiua. Ii i?eieiaao aeaiiie ?aoaiea, iineieueeo, n o/aoii anao
oaeoi?ia, iii i?aaenoaaeyaony iaeaieaa aeaeaoaeueiui n oi/ee c?aiey
eiia/iiai yooaeoa. Eiioeaioeey eiii?iiennia i/aiue aaaeia a naaiaeiyoiae
neooaoeee. A aeaea ?oeiaiaenoaa i?aaiecaoeeyie ano?a/aaony i/aiue iaei
neooaoeee, ianoieueei iaeiicia/iuo, /oi ?acoeueoaoii iaeeo/oaai ?aoaiey
aoaeao oieueei iaeii aeaai.
Yooaeoeaii ?aaioathuea ?oeiaiaeeoaee e ethaee, iaeaieaa oaea/eeaua a
iianaaeiaaiie aeecie, – yoi eiaeeaeaeu, ia iicaieythuea aiciiaeiui
iaaeinoaoeai ?aoaiee ia?aeeciaaoue eo aieth. Yoi ethaee, iiieiathuea,
/oi iai?eiyoea ?aoaiey, “oethaa?iay” oaeoeea iau/ii a oaeie aea ia?a
iaoaeiaeaoai?eoaeueiue eee aeaaea ooaeoee oiae, /ai i?eiyoea ieioiai
?aoaiey. Oai ia iaiaa ano?a/athony neooaoeee, a eioi?uo n
i/aaeaeiinoueth ioeac io auai?a aoaeao oi?ioei ?aoaieai. Iai?eia?, anee
aeiiieieoaeueiay eioi?iaoeey aeieaeia anei?a iinooieoue, a a?aiy ia
yaeyaony e?eoe/aneei oaeoi?ii, iiaeao aoaeao eo/oa ia i?eieiaoue ?aoaiea
iaiaaeeaiii.
IIAeOIAeU E I?EIssOETH ?AOAIEE.
?anniao?eaay i?ioeannu i?eiyoey ?aoaiee, neaaeoao o/eouaaoue aeaa
iiiaioa. Ia?aue caeeth/aaony a oii, /oi i?eieiaoue ?aoaiey, eae i?aaeei,
n?aaieoaeueii eaaei. Ana, /oi i?e yoii aeaeaao /aeiaae, naiaeeony e
auai?o iai?aaeaiey aeaenoaee. O?oaeii i?eiyoue oi?ioaa ?aoaiea. Aoi?ie
iiiaio ninoieo a oii, /oi i?eiyoea ?aoaiee – yoi ineoieiae/aneee
i?ioeann. Ana iu ii iiuoo ciaai, /oi iiaaaeaiea /aeiaaea ia anaaaea
eiae/ii. Eiiaaea iaie aeaeaeao eiaeea, eiiaaea – /oanoaa. Iiyoiio
iaoaeeaeoaeueii, /oi niiniau, eniieuecoaiua ?oeiaiaeeoaeai aeey i?eiyoey
?aoaiee aa?uee?otho io niiioaiiuo aei aunieieiae/iuo. ?aoeeiiaeueiue
iiaeoiae e i?eiyoeth ?aoaiee iienai ieaea, ii caeanue aaaeii iiiieoue,
/oi ?oeiaiaeeoaeue iaoiaeeony iiae aicaeaenoaeai oaeeo ineoieiae/aneeo
oaeoi?ia, eae nioeeaeueiua onoaiiaee, iaeiieaiiue iiuo e ee/iinoiua
oeaiiinoe. Aeaeaa y ?anniio?th aeeyiea iaeioi?uo iiaaaeai/aneeo oaeoi?ia
ia i?ioeann i?eiyoey oi?aaeai/aneeo ?aoaiee.
Oioy ethaia eiie?aoiia ?aoaiea ?aaeei ioiineony e eaeie – oi iaeiie
a?oiia, iiaeii ooaa?aeaeaoue, /oi i?ioeann i?eiyoey ?aoaiee eiaao
eiooeoeaiue, iniiaaiiue ia noaeaeaieyo eee ?aoeeiiaeueiue oa?aeoa?.
EIOOEOEAIUA ?AOAIEss.
*enoi eiooeoeaiia ?aoaiea – yoi auai?, naeaeaiiue oieueei ia iniiaa
iuouaiey oiai, /oi ii i?aaeeai. Eeoei, i?eieiathuaa ?aoaiea ia
caieiaaony i?e yoii niciaoaeueiui acaaoeaaieai “ca” e “i?ioea” ii
eaaeaeie aeueoa?iaoeaa e ia ioaeaeaaony aeaaea a iiieiaiee neooaoeee.
I?inoi /aeiaae aeaeaao auai?. Niaoeeaeeno ii oi?aaeaieth Ieoa? Oiaea?aae
oeacuaaao, /oi “a oi a?aiy eae eco/aiea eiee/anoaa eioi?iaoeee i
i?iaeaia iiaeao ieacaoue caiaoioth iiiiuue i?e i?eiyoee ?aoaiee
?oeiaiaeeoaeyi n?aaeiaai caaia, i?aaenoaaeoaeyi aunoaai o?iaiy aeanoe ii
– i?aaeiaio i?eoiaeeony iie?aoueny ia eiooeoeaiua noaeaeaiey. Aieaa
oiai, YAI iicaieytho ?oeiaiaenoao oaeaeyoue aieueoa aieiaiey aeaiiui, ii
ia ioieiatho inayuaiiiai a?aiaiai oi?aaeai/aneiai eiooeoeaiiai iio –
oao. “Cia/eoaeueioth caaeneiinoue ?oeiaiaeeoaeae io eiooeoeee
iiaeoaa?aeee a naieo enneaaeiaaieyo e i?ioanni? Ieioeaa?a.
Niaeanii aua iaeiiio enneaaeiaaieth aeayoaeueiinoe iaiaaeaea?ia aunoaai
caaia, 80 % ii?ioaiiuo ?oeiaiaeeoaeae cayaeee, /oi iaia?oaeeee o naay
iaee/ea na?ueaciie i?iaeaiu eeoue aeaaiaea?y “iaoi?iaeueiiio iaiaio
eioi?iaoeeae e eiooeoeee”. Aeieoi? Eiian Nie, ioe?uaoee iieeaaeoeeio,
eiinoaoe?oao, /oi “eiooeoeey – yoi ia/oi, aeieiaeth /aai iu aei neo ii?
ia iiieiaai. Ii anaaaea, i?inuiaynue oo?ii a i?eyoiii aicaoaeaeaiee, y
aeoiath: a /oi iia i?eianea aeey iaiy ia naaiaeiy, neiaii aeaeo aea?ia
ii?y. ss ?aaioath n iath ?oea ia ?oeo e iieaaathnue ia iaa. Iia – iie
ia?oia?”. Iio Eoe, iniiaaoaeue e i?aceaeaio oe?iu “?ae/ai”,
caieiathuaeny iaoa?eaeiaaaeaieai, aiai?eo, /oi ii/oe ana aai ?aoaiey
eiooeoeaiu, a oa e?oiiua ?aoaiey, i eioi?uo aio i?eoeinue niaeaeaoue, ia
auee iniiaaiu ia eiooeoeee.
A neiaeiie i?aaiecaoeeiiiie neooaoeee aiciiaeiu ouny/e aa?eaioia
auai?a. I?aaei?eyoea n e?oiiui eiee/anoaii aeaiaa iiaeao, iai?eia?,
auioneaoue ethaoth i?iaeoeoeeth. Iaeiaei auioneaoue e i?iaeaaaoue n
i?eaueueth aio oaeanony eeoue iaeioi?ua aa aeaeu. Aieaa oiai, a ?yaea
neo/aaa ?oeiaiaeeoaeue aeaaea ia ciaao aiciiaeiuo aa?eaioia auai?a.
Iaiaoiaeeii ioiaoeoue, /oi n oi/ee c?aiey noaoenoeee oainu ia
i?aaeeueiue auai? aac eaeiai – eeai i?eeiaeaiey eiaeee iaauniee.
?AOAIEss, INIIAAIIUA IA NOAEAeAIEssO.
Oaeea ?aoaiey eiiaaea eaaeoony eiooeoeaiuie, iineieueeo eiaeea eo ia
i/aaeaeia. ?aoaiea, iniiaaiiia ia noaeaeaiee – yoi auai?, iaoneiaeaiiue
ciaieyie eee iaeiieaiiui iiuoii. *aeiaae eniieuecoao ciaiea i oii, /oi
neo/eeinue a noiaeiuo neooaoeeyo ?aiueoa, /oiau ni?iaiice?iaaoue
?acoeueoao aeueoa?iaoeaiuo aa?eaioia auai?a a nouanoaothuae neooaoeee.
Iie?aynue ia cae?aaue niune, ii auae?aao aeueoa?iaoeao, eioi?ay i?eianea
oniao a i?ioeii.
Noaeaeaiea eae iniiaa i?aaiecaoeeiiiiai ?aoaiey iieacii, iineieueeo
iiiaea neooaoeee a i?aaiecaoeeyo eiatho oaiaeaioeee e /anoiio
iiaoi?aieth. A yoii neo/aa ?aiaa i?eiyoia ?aoaiea iiaeao n?aaioaoue ia
ooaea, /ai i?aaeaea(yoi iniiaiia aeinoieinoai cai?ia?aiie?iaaiiuo
?aoaiee). I?inoie i?eia? eanaaony iaeia ethaeae , iieo/eaoeo ia?aciaaiea
a iaeanoe oi?aaeaiey, /oi a e?oiiie i?aaiecaoeee i?ienoiaeeo nioie ?ac a
aiaeo. Ianiio?y ia oniaoe ineoieiae/aneiai oanoe?iaaiey, ie/aai ia
i?eaeoiaii oaeiai, /oi aa?aioe?iaaei au oniao a iaiaaeaeiaioa ia 100%.
Iiyoiio iaeioi?ua i?aaiecaoeee iiaoo i?eiyoue iniiaaiiia ia noaeaeaiee
?aoaiea iaieiaoue oieueei iaeaaeaoaeae noaiaie M. B. A. (Master of
Business Administration), iieo/eaoeo aunieea ioeaiee ii i?ia?aiiai
iao/aiey iaiaaeaeiaioo, iineieueeo a i?ioeii eiaiii iie ?aaioaee eo/oa,
/ai iiaia?aioeu n aeeieiiaie B. B. A. (Bachelor of Business
Administration) eee B. A. (Bachelor of Arts). Ae?oaie i?eia?: ?aoaiea
i?aaeinoaaeoue eiiiaoaioiiio nae?aoa?th i?aai ioaa/aoue ia anth
?ooeiioth ei??aniiiaeaioeeth aac aiaoiaai eiio?iey. Iiaeii i?eaanoe
iiiaeanoai iiaeiaiuo i?eia?ia, eai noaeaeaiea yaeyaony iniiaie
iiiaeanoaa iianaaeiaaiuo oi?aaeai/aneeo ?aoaiee. Aio ii/aio iaieiaoaee,
eae i?aaeei i?eaeatho aieueoia cia/aiea iiuoo i?e iaeia ia ?aaioo.
Iineieueeo ?aoaiea ia iniiaa noaeaeaiey i?eieiaaony a aieiaa
oi?aaeythuaai, iii iaeaaeaao oaeei cia/eoaeueiui aeinoieinoaii, eae
auno?ioa e aeaoaaecia aai i?eiyoey. Iii iie?aaony ia cae?aaue niune, ii
enoeiiue cae?aaue niune ano?a/aaony i/aiue ?aaeei. Yoi oai aieaa aa?ii,
eiaaea i?eoiaeeony eiaoue aeaei n ethaeueie, o. e. ca/anooth neooaoeey
eneaaeaaony iio?aaiinoyie ethaeae e ae?oaeie oaeoi?aie. Aa?iyoii, aieaa
aaaeii, /oi iaeiiai eeoue noaeaeaiey iaaeinoaoi/ii aeey i?eiyoey
?aoaiey, eiaaea neooaoeey oieeaeueia eee i/aiue neiaeia. Aeoea –
i?aceaeaio iaaeaeoia?iaeiie eiinoeueoaoeaiie oe?iu “Aoc, Yeeai yiae
Oyieeoii” oeacuaaao: “Iiiaea iaiaaeaea?u ana /aua n/eoatho, /oi ana eo
i?iaeaiu ?ac?aoeiu n iiiiuueth cae?aaiai niunea. Iaeiaei oi, /oi
i?aaenoaaeyaony i?inoui, aiieia iiaeao ieacaoueny i?aaeaeueii neiaeiui.
I?iaeaia iiaeao eeoue eacaoueny i/aaeaeiie”.
Noaeaeaiea iaaiciiaeii niioianoe n neooaoeeae, eioi?ay a naiii aeaea
iiaa, iineieueeo o ?oeiaiaeeoaey ionoonoaoao iiuo, ia eioi?ii ii iia au
iniiaaoue eiae/aneee auai?. Nthaea neaaeoao ioianoe ethaoth neooaoeeth,
iiaoth aeey i?aaiecaoeee, iai?eia?, eciaiaiea anni?oeiaioa i?iecaiaeeiuo
ecaeaeee, ?ac?aaioeo iiaie oaoiieiaee eee ii?iae?iaaiea nenoaiu
aiciaa?aaeaeaiee, ioee/athuaeny io i?aaeuaeouae. A neiaeiie neooaoeee
noaeaeaiea iiaeao ieacaoueny ieioei, iineieueeo oaeoi?ia, eioi?ua
iaiaoiaeeii o/anoue, neeoeii iiiai aeey “iaaii?oaeaiiiai” /aeiaa/aneiai
?acoia e ii ia a ninoiyiee eo ioaaoeoue e niiinoaaeoue. Iai?eia?, anei?a
iinea aoi?ie ie?iaie aieiu ?oeiaiaeeoaee aia?eeaineeo aaoiiiaeeueiuo
caaiaeia iinaoeee oe?io “Oieueenaaaai” a Aa?iaiee. Y?iano A?e/,
oiaaeaoiee i?aceaeaio “Oi?aea”, i?eoae e auaiaeo, /oi yoio “aaoiiiaeeue
a?ioa eiiaiiai ia noieo” e ieeiaaea ia aeieaeai i?iaeaaaoueny a NOA.
Iaeiaei /a?ac 10 eao “Oi?ae” ?acaa?ioe i?iecaiaenoai iioiaeae ia
“Oieueenaaaai” iiaeaee “Yaenae”, /oi, i?aaaea, ieacaeinue iaeiie ec
naiuo a?iieeo iaoaea/ a enoi?ee aaoiiiaeeano?iaiey.
Iineieueeo noaeaeaiea anaaaea iie?aaony ia iiuo, /?acia?iay i?eaioaoeey
ia iineaaeiee niauaao ?aoaiea a iai?aaeaieyo, ciaeiiuo ?oeiaiaeeoaeyi ii
eo i?aaeiei aeaenoaeyi. Ec – ca oaeiai niauaiey ?oeiaiaeeoaeue iiaeao
oionoeoue iiaoth aeueoa?iaoeao, eioi?ay aeieaeia auea au noaoue aieaa
yooaeoeaiie, /ai ciaeiiua aa?eaiou auai?a. Aua aaaeiaa, /oi
?oeiaiaeeoaeue, /?acia?ii i?eaa?aeaiiue noaeaeaieth e iaeiieaiiiio
iiuoo, iiaeao niciaoaeueii eee aanniciaoaeueii ecaaaaoue eniieueciaaiey
aiciiaeiinoae aoi?aeaiey a iiaua iaeanoe. Anee aeiaanoe yoo iuneue aei
eiioea, oi aiyciue iiauo noa? aeayoaeueiinoe iiaeao eii/eoueny
eaoano?ioie.Ianiio?y ia yoi iu /anoi neuoei neiaa: “Iu anaaaea aeaeaee
yoi eiaiii oae”.
Aaeaioaoeey e iiaiio e neiaeiiio, i/aaeaeii, ieeiaaea ia aoaeao i?inoui
aeaeii. Iaeuecy eneeth/eoue iianiinoue iaoaea/e ec – ca i?eiyoey ieioiai
?aoaiey. Iaeiaei ai iiiaeo neo/ayo ?oeiaiaeeoaeue a ninoiyiee
nouanoaaiii iiauneoue aa?iyoiinoue i?aaeeueiiai auai?a, iiaeoiaey e
?aoaieth ?aoeeiiaeueii.
?AOeEIIAEUeIIA ?AOAIEA I?IAEAI.
?aoaiea i?iaeai, eae e oi?aaeaiea, – i?ioeann, eai ?a/ue eaeao i
ianeii/aaiie iineaaeiaaoaeueiinoe acaeiinaycaiiuo oaaia. ?oeiaiaeeoaeue
caaioeony ia noieueei i ?aoaiee eae oaeiaii, neieueei iai anai,
naycaiiui e i?ienoaeathuai ec iaai. Aeey ?aoaiey i?iaeaiu o?aaoaony ia
aaeeie/iia ?aoaiea, a niaieoiiinoue auai?ia. Iiyoiio, oioy i?ioeann
?aoaiey i?iaeaiu iiaeii i?aaenoaaeoue eae iyoeyoaiiue(iethn aiaae?aiea e
ia?aoiay naycue), oaeoe/aneia /enei yoaiia ii?aaeaeyaony naiie
i?iaeaiie.
1. AeEAAIINOEEA I?IAEAIU. Ia?aue oaa ia iooe ?aoaiey i?iaeaiu –
ii?aaeaeaiea eee aeeaaiic, iieiue e i?aaeeueiue. Nouanoaotho aeaa
niiniaa ?anniio?aiey i?iaeaiu. Niaeanii iaeiiio, i?iaeaiie n/eoaaony
neooaoeey, eiaaea iinoaaeaiiua oeaee ia aeinoeaioou. Ae?oaeie neiaaie,
au ociaaoa i i?iaeaia iioiio, /oi ia neo/aaony oi, /oi aeieaeii auei
neo/eoueny. Iinooiay oae, iiaeii naeaaeeoue ioeeiiaiey io ii?iu. E
i?eia?o, ianoa? iiaeao onoaiiaeoue, /oi i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue aai
o/anoea ieaea ii?iu. Yoi aoaeao ?aaeoeaiia oi?aaeaiea, aai
iaiaoiaeeiinoue i/aaeaeia. Iaeiaei neeoeii /anoi ?oeiaiaeeoaee
?anniao?eaatho a aeaea i?iaeai oieueei neooaoeee, a eioi?uo /oi – oi
aeieaeii i?iecieoe, ii ia i?iecioei. Eae i?iaeaio iiaeii ?anniao?eaaoue
oaeaea iioaioeeaeueioth aiciiaeiinoue. Iai?eia?, aeoeaiue iiene niiniaia
iiauoaiey yooaeoeaiinoe eaeiai – eeai iiae?acaeaeaiey, aeaaea anee aeaea
eaeoo oi?ioi, aoaeao oi?aaeaeathuei oi?aaeaieai. A yoii neo/aa au
iniciaaoa i?iaeaio, eiaaea iieiaoa – eia – /oi iiaeii naeaeaoue eeai
aeey oeo/oaiey oiaea aeaea, eeai aeey ecaea/aiey auaiaeu ec
i?aaenoaaeythuaeny aiciiaeiinoe. Niaoeeaeeno ii oi?aaeaieth Ieoa?
Ae?oea? iiae/a?eeaaao yoi, oeacuaay, /oi ?ac?aoaiea i?iaeaiu oieueei
ainnoaiaaeeaaao ii?io, ?acoeueoaou aea “aeieaeiu auoue neaaenoaeai
eniieueciaaiey aiciiaeiinoae”.
Iieiinoueth ii?aaeaeeoue i?iaeaio ca/anooth o?oaeii, iineieueeo ana
/anoe i?aaiecaoeee acaeiinaycaiu. ?aaioa oi?aaeythuaai ia?eaoeiaii,
iai?eia?, aeeyao ia ?aaioo oi?aaeythuaai ii nauoo, ianoa?ia ia
i?iecaiaenoaa, ioaeaea enneaaeiaaiee e ?ac?aaioie e ethaiai ae?oaiai
/aeiaaea a eiiiaiee. A e?oiiie i?aaiecaoeee iiaoo auoue nioie oaeeo
acaeiicaaeneiinoae. Iiyoiio, eae i?eiyoi aiai?eoue, i?aaeeueii
ii?aaeaeeoue i?iaeaio – cia/eo iaiieiaeio ?aoeoue aa, ii yoi o?oaeii
i?eiaieii e i?aaiecaoeeiiiui ?aoaieyi. A ?acoeueoaoa, aeeaaiic i?iaeaiu
nai ii naaa /anoi noaiiaeony i?ioeaaeo?ie a ianeieueei oaaia n i?eiyoeai
i?iiaaeooi/iuo ?aoaiee.
Ia?aay oaca a aeeaaiinoe?iaaiee neiaeiie i?iaeaiu – iniciaiea e
onoaiiaeaiea neiioiiia eee eiathueony aiciiaeiinoae. Iiiyoea “neiioii”
oiio?aaeyaony caeanue ai aiieia iaaeeoeeineii niunea. Iaeioi?ua iauea
neiioiiu aieacie i?aaiecaoeee – ieceay i?eaueue, nauo,
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue e ea/anoai, /?acia?iua ecaea?aeee, iiiai/eneaiiua
eiioeeeou a i?aaiecaoeee e aieueoay oaeo/anoue eaae?ia. Aiaeec
oeiainiauo io/aoia, eioa?auethe?iaaiea, i?eaeaoaiea eiinoeueoaioia ii
oi?aaeaieth eee ii?inu ?aaioieeia. Eioi?iaoeeth iiaeii nia?aoue e
iaoi?iaeueii, aaaey aanaaeo i neiaeeaoaeny neooaoeee e aeaeay ee/iua
iaaethaeaiey.
Oaaee/aiea eiee/anoaa eioi?iaoeee ia iaycaoaeueii iiauoaao ea/anoai
?aoaiey. *anoi ?oeiaiaeeoaee no?aaeatho io ecauoea ia ioiinyuaeny e
aeaeo eioi?iaoeee. Iiyoiio a oiaea iaaethaeaiee aaaeii aeaeaoue ?acee/ey
iaaeaeo ?aeaaaioiie e iaoianoiie eioi?iaoeeae e oiaoue ioee/aoue iaeio
io ae?oaie. ?aeaaaioiay eioi?iaoeey – yoi aeaiiua, eanathueany oieueei
eiie?aoiie i?iaeaiu, oeaee e ia?eiaea a?aiaie.
Iineieueeo ?aeaaaioiay eioi?iaoeey – iniiaa ?aoaiey, anoanoaaiii
aeiaeaaoueny, ii aiciiaeiinoe, aa iaeneiaeueiie oi/iinoe e niioaaonoaey
i?iaeaia. I?aaiecaoeee iiaeao auoue iai?inoi iieo/eoue en/a?iuaathuoth
oi/ioth eioi?iaoeeth ii i?iaeaia. Eco/aiea i?ioeanna eiiioieeaoeee,
ineoieiae/aneea oaeoi?u anaaaea ianeieueei eneaaeatho eioi?iaoeeth. Oaeo
nouanoaiaaiey i?iaeaiu iiaeao ii?iaeeoue no?ann e aaniieienoai,
cia/eoaeueii oneeeaathuea eneaaeaiea.
Anee ?aaioieee n/eoatho, iai?eia?, /oi ?oeiaiaenoai neeiiii aeaeaoue
i?e/eio iai?eyoiinoae a ieo, iie niciaoaeueii eee aanniciaoaeueii
i?aaenoaayo eioi?iaoeeth, aieaa aeaaii?eyoii inaauathuoth eo iiceoeee.
Anee ?oeiaiaenoai ia iiiu?yao /anoiinoue, ?aaioieee iiaoo i?inoi
niiauaoue oi, /oi aeaeaao oneuoaoue eo ia/aeueiee, e iieo/aiiay i?e yoii
eioi?iaoeey a oie aea ia?a iieacia aeey i?eiyoey ?aoaiee, eae i?inueaa
iaoeeaioa e a?a/o iiaei?aaeoue iieacaiey ?aioaaiianeiai aiia?aoa, iioiio
/oi ii ia iiaeao naaa iicaieeoue ea/ue ia iia?aoeeth. Yoi iiae/a?eeaaao
oaeaea iaiaoiaeeiinoue iiaeaea?aeaiey oi?ioeo acaeiiioiioaiee a
i?aaiecaoeee.
2. OI?IOEE?IAEA IA?AIE*AIEE E E?EOA?EAA I?EIssOEss ?AOAIEss. Eiaaea
?oeiaiaeeoaeue aeeaaiinoe?oao i?iaeaio n oeaeueth i?eiyoey ?aoaiey, ii
aeieaeai ioaeaaaoue naaa io/ao a oii, /oi eiaiii iiaeii n iath
naeaeaoue.Iiiaea aiciiaeiua ?aoaiey i?iaeai i?aaiecaoeee ia aoaeoo
?aaeenoe/iuie, iineieueeo eeai o ?oeiaiaeeoaey, eeai o i?aaiecaoeee
iaaeinoaoi/ii ?ano?nia aeey ?aaeecaoeee i?eiyouo ?aoaiee. E?iia oiai,
i?e/eiie i?iaeaiu iiaoo auoue iaoiaeyueany aia i?aaiecaoeee neeu –
oaeea, eae caeiiu, eioi?ua ?oeiaiaeeoaeue ia aeanoai eciaieoue.
Ia?aie/aiey ei??aeoe?othueo aeaenoaee noaeatho aiciiaeiinoe a i?eiyoee
?aoaiee. Ia?aae oai, eae ia?aoiaeeoue e neaaeothuaio yoaio i?ioeanna,
?oeiaiaeeoaeue aeieaeai aani?eno?anoii ii?aaeaeeoue nooue ia?aie/aiee e
oieueei iinea yoiai auyaeyoue aeueoa?iaoeau. Aua ooaea, anee aoaeao
aua?aii ia?aaeenoe/iia iai?aaeaiea aeaenoaee. Anoanoaaiii, yoi onoaoaeo,
a ia ?ac?aoeo nouanoaothuoth i?iaeaio.
Ia?aie/aiey aa?uee?othony e caaenyo io neooaoeee e eiie?aoiuo
?oeiaiaeeoaeae. Iaeioi?ua iauea ia?aie/aiey – yoi iaaaeaeaaoiinoue
n?aaenoa, iaaeinoaoi/iia /enei ?aaioieeia, eiathueo o?aaoaioth
eaaeeoeeaoeeth e iiuo, ianiiniaiinoue caeoieoue ?ano?nu ii i?eaieaiui
oeaiai, iio?aaiinoue a oaoiieiaee aua ia ?ac?aaioaiiie eee neeoeii
aei?iaie, eneeth/eoaeueii ino?ay eiieo?aioeey, caeiiu e yoe/aneea
niia?aaeaiey. Eae i?aaeei, aeey e?oiiie i?aaiecaoeee nouanoaoao iaiueoa
ia?aie/aiee, /ai aeey iaeeie eee iaeieaaaaiie iiiaeanoaii o?oaeiinoae.
Nouanoaaiiui ia?aie/eoaeai anao oi?aaeai/aneeo ?aoaiee, oioy eiiaaea
aiieia ono?aieiui, yaeyaony ii?aaeaeyaiia aunoei ?oeiaiaeyuei caaiii
noaeaiea iieiiii/ee anao /eaiia i?aaiecaoeee. Oi anoue iaiaaeaea? iiaeao
i?eieiaoue eee inouanoaeyoue ?aoaiea oieueei a oii neo/aa, anee aunoaa
?oeiaiaenoai iaaeaeeei aai yoei i?aaii.
A aeiiieiaiee e eaeaioeoeeaoeee ia?aie/aiee, ?oeiaiaeeoaeth iaiaoiaeeii
ii?aaeaeeoue noaiaea?ou ii eioi?ui i?aaenoieo ioeaieaaoue
aeueoa?iaoeaiua aa?eaiou auai?a. Yoe noaiaea?ou i?eiyoi iacuaaoue
e?eoa?eyie i?eiyoey ?aoaiee. Iie aunooiatho a ea/anoaa ?aeiiaiaeaoeee ii
ioeaiea ?aoaiee.
3. II?AAeAEAIEA AEUeOA?IAOEA. Neaaeothuee yoai – oi?ioee?iaaiea iaai?a
aeueoa?iaoeaiuo ?aoaiee i?iaeaiu. A eaeaaea aeaeaoaeueii auyaeoue ana
aiciiaeiua aeaenoaey, eioi?ua iiaee au ono?aieoue i?e/eiu i?iaeaiu e,
oai naiui, aeaoue aiciiaeiinoue i?aaiecaoeee aeinoe/ue naieo oeaeae. Oai
ia iaiaa, ia i?aeoeea ?oeiaiaeeoaeue ?aaeei ?aniieaaaao aeinoaoi/iuie
ciaieyie eee a?aiaiai, /oiau noi?ioee?iaaoue e ioeaieoue eaaeaeoth
aeueoa?iaoeao. Aieaa oiai, ?anniio?aiea aieueoiai /enea aeueoa?iaoea,
aeaaea anee ana iie ?aaeenoe/iu, /anoi aaaeao e iooaieoea. Iiyoiio
?oeiaiaeeoaeue, eae i?aaeei, ia?aie/eaaao /enei aa?eaioia auai?a aeey
na?ueaciiai ?anniio?aiey anaai ianeieueeeo aeueoa?iaoea, eioi?ua
i?aaenoaaeythony iaeaieaa aeaeaoaeueiuie.
Aianoi iienea iaeeo/oaai aiciiaeiiai ?aoaiey, ethaee i?iaeieaeatho
ia?aae?aoue aeueoa?iaoeau oieueei aei oao ii?, iiea ia auyaeony oaeay,
eioi?ay oaeiaeaoai?eo ii?aaeaeaiiiio i?eaieaiiio ieieiaeueiiio
noaiaea?oo. ?oeiaiaeeoaee iiieiatho, /oi iiene iioeiaeueiiai ?aoaiey
caieiaao neeoeii iiiai a?aiaie, aei?iai noieo eee o?oaeai. Aianoi iaai
iie auae?atho ?aoaiea, eioi?ia iicaieeo niyoue i?iaeaio.
Neaaeoao, iaeiaei, iicaaioeony i oii, /oiau aue o/oai aeinoaoi/ii
oe?ieee niaeo? aiciiaeiuo ?aoaiee. Oaeoaeaiiue aiaeec o?oaeiuo i?iaeai
iaiaoiaeei aeey ?ac?aaioee ianeieueeeo aeaenoaeoaeueii ?acee/athueony
aeueoa?iaoea, aeeth/ay aiciiaeiinoue aacaeaenoaey. Eiaaea ?oeiaiaeeoaeue
ia a ninoiyiee ioeaieoue, /oi i?iecieaeao, anee ie/aai ia
i?aaei?eieiaoue, nouanoaoao iianiinoue ia onoiyoue ia?aae o?aaiaaieai
iaiaaeeaiiuo aeaenoaee. Aeaenoaea ?aaee naiiai aeaenoaey iiauoaao
aa?iyoiinoue ?aaae?iaaiey ia aiaoiee neiioii i?iaeaiu, a ia ia aa
aeaaioth i?e/eio.
4. IOeAIEA AEUeOA?IAOEA. Neaaeothuee yoai – ioeaiea aiciiaeiuo
aeueoa?iaoea. I?e eo auyaeaiee iaiaoiaeeia ii?aaeaeaiiay
i?aaeaa?eoaeueiay ioeaiea. Enneaaeiaaiey, iaeiaei, iieacaee, /oi eae
eiee/anoai, oae e ea/anoai aeueoa?iaoeaiuo eaeae ?anoao, eiaaea
ia/aeueiay aaia?aoeey eaeae(eaeaioeoeeaoeey aeueoa?iaoea)ioaeaeaia io
ioeaiee ieii/aoaeueiie eaeae.
Yoi icia/aao, /oi oieueei iinea ninoaaeaiey nienea anao eaeae, neaaeoao
ia?aoiaeeoue e ioeaieai eaaeaeie aeueoa?iaoeau. I?e ioeaiea ?aoaiee
?oeiaiaeeoaeue ii?aaeaeyao aeinoieinoaa e iaaeinoaoee eaaeaeiai ec ieo e
aiciiaeiua iauea iineaaenoaey. ssnii, /oi ethaay aeueoa?iaoeaa
nii?yaeaia n iaeioi?uie io?eoeaoaeueiuie aniaeoaie. Iiyoiio ii/oe ana
aaaeiua oi?aaeai/aneea ?aoaiey niaea?aeao eiii?iienn.
Aeey niiinoaaeaiey ?aoaiee iaiaoiaeeii ?aniieaaaoue noaiaea?oii,
ioiineoaeueii eioi?iai iiaeii ecia?youe aa?iyoiua ?acoeueoaou
?aaeecaoeee eaaeaeie aiciiaeiie aeueoa?iaoeau. Iiaeiaiua noaiaea?ou
iacuaathony e?eoa?eyie i?eiyoey ?aoaiee. Anee eaeay – eeai iiaeaeue ia
iiaeao oaeiaeaoai?eoue iaeiiio eee ianeieueeei onoaiiaeaiiui aaie
e?eoa?eyi, aa aeaeueoa iaeuecy ?anniao?eaaoue eae ?aaeenoe/ioth
aeueoa?iaoeao.
Iaeiaei, iai?eia?, i?e iieoiea aaoiiiaeey iaeioi?ua ec e?eoa?eaa auai?a
iiaoo eiaoue eiee/anoaaiiia au?aaeaiea(aai noieiinoue). A oaeianoai a
ianeoaeeaaiee e aiaoiyy i?eaeaeaoaeueiinoue o?aaotho nai?a eioi?iaoeee
ea/anoaaiiiai oa?aeoa?a. *oiau ioeaieoue e n?aaieoue aeaiiua ii
oaoie/aneiio ianeoaeeaaieth, neaaeoao i?iniio?aoue niioaaonoaothuea
ioeaiee a ioaeeeaoeeyo iauanoaa iio?aaeoaeae. *oiau naeaeaoue oi aea
naiia a ioiioaiee aiaoiae i?eaeaeaoaeueiinoe, iiaeii ninoaaeoue
nianoaaiioth oeaeo ioeaiie, auaeaeea a iae eeannu i/aiue eee oia?aiii
i?eaeaeaoaeueiuo, iaeaaeathueo n?aaeiae e ieaea n?aaeiae
i?eaeaeaoaeueiinoueth e iai?eaeaeaoaeueiuo iiaeaeae.
Ia yoie noaaeee iiaoo aicieeiooue cao?oaeiaiey, iineieueeo iaaiciiaeii
n?aaieaaoue aaue, anee iie ia iaeiioeiiu – yaeiee aanniuneaiii iai?yioth
n?aaieaaoue n aiaeueneiaie. Ana ?aoaiey neaaeoao au?aaeaoue a
ii?aaeaeaiiuo oi?iao. AEaeaoaeueii, /oiau yoi auea oi?ia, a eioi?ie
au?aaeaia oeaeue. A aeciana i?eaueue – iaeciaiiay iio?aaiinoue e aunoee
i?ei?eoao, iiyoiio ?aoaiey iiaeii i?aaenoaaeoue a aeaiaaeiii au?aaeaiee
e a aeaea ioeaiee eo aicaeaenoaey ia i?eaueue. A iaeiiia?/aneie
i?aaiecaoeee aeaaiie oeaeueth, eae i?aaeei, yaeyaony i?aaeinoaaeaiea
iaeeo/oeo oneoa n iaeiaiueoeie cao?aoaie. Iiyoiio aeaiaaeiia au?aaeaiea
iiaeii eniieueciaaoue aeey n?aaiaiey iineaaenoaee ?aoaiee a noiaeiuo
i?aaiecaoeeyo.
i?eia?a n aaoiiiaeeai iiaeii au?aceoue ana e?eoa?ee a aaeeao ii oeaea
io 1 aei 5 i?eiaieoaeueii e oaeoi?ai eae eiee/anoaaiiiai oae e
ea/anoaaiiiai oa?aeoa?a. Iaeiaiaa aei?iaie aaoiiiaeeue iieo/eo i?e yoii
ioeaieo 5, a iaeaieaa aei?iaie – 1 aaee e o. ae. , aeeth/ay
yeiiiie/iinoue e ae?oaea o?aaiaaiey. Aa?iyoii, iaeioi?ua ec yoeo
e?eoa?eaa aaaeiaa ae?oaeo. E i?eia?o aiaoiyy i?eaeaeaoaeueiinoue iiaeao
auoue a 2 ?aca aaaeiaa oeaiu, oiaaea neaaeoao “acaaneoue” naie auai?,
oiiiaeea ia 2 aaee ii aiaoiae i?eaeaeaoaeueiinoe. I?iionoea /a?ac yoo
i?ioeaaeo?o eaaeaeue e?eoa?ee, neaaeoao neiaeeoue ?acoeueoaou ii
eaaeaeie iiaeaee. Aeueoa?iaoeaa, ii eioi?ie iauay ioeaiea a aaeeao
ieaaeaony iaeaunoae e aoaeao i/aaeaeiui auai?ii.
Caiaoei, /oi i?e ioeaiea aiciiaeiuo ?aoaiee ?oeiaiaeeoaeue iuoaaony
ni?iaiice?iaaoue oi, /oi i?iecieaeao a aoaeouai. Aoaeouaa anaaaea
iaii?aaeaeaiii. Iiiaeanoai oaeoi?ia, aeeth/ay eciaiaiea aiaoiaai
ie?oaeaiey e iaaiciiaeiinoue ?aaeecaoeee ?aoaiey, iiaeao iiiaoaoue
aiieiuaieth iaia/aiiiai. Iiyoiio aaaeiui iiiaioii a ioeaiea yaeyaony
ii?aaeaeaiea aa?iyoiinoe inouanoaeaiey eaaeaeiai aiciiaeiiai ?aoaiey a
niioaaonoaee n iaia?aieyie. Anee iineaaenoaey eaeiai – oi ?aoaiey
aeaaii?eyoiu, ii oain aai ?aaeecaoeee iaaaeee, iii iiaeao ieacaoueny
iaiaa aeaeaoaeueiui aa?eaioii auai?a. ?oeiaiaeeoaeue aeeth/aao
aa?iyoiinoue a ioeaieo, i?eieiay ai aieiaiea noaiaiue iaii?aaeaeaiiinoe
eee ?enea.
5. AUAI? AEUeOA?IAOEAU. Anee i?iaeaia auea i?aaeeueii ii?aaeaeaia, a
aeueoa?iaoeaiua ?aoaiey ouaoaeueii acaaoaiu e ioeaiaiu, naeaeaoue auai?,
o. a. i?eiyoue ?aoaiea n?aaieoaeueii i?inoi. ?oeiaiaeeoaeue i?inoi
auae?aao aeueoa?iaoeao n iaeaieaa aeaaii?eyoiuie iaueie iineaaenoaeyie.
Iaeiaei anee i?iaeaia neiaeia e i?eoiaeeony i?eieiaoue ai aieiaiea
iiiaeanoai eiii?iiennia, eee anee eioi?iaoeey e aiaeec noauaeoeaiu,
iiaeao neo/eoueny, /oi ie iaeia aeueoa?iaoeaa ia aoaeao iaeeo/oei
auai?ii. A aeaiiii neo/aa aeaaiay ?ieue i?eiaaeeaaeeo oi?ioaio
noaeaeaieth e iiuoo.
Oioy aeey iaiaaeaea?a eaeaaeueii aeinoeaeaiea iioeiaeueiiai ?aoaiey,
?oeiaiaeeoaeue, eae i?aaeei, ia i?aeoeea ia ia/oaao i oaeiaii.
?oeiaiaeeoaeue neeiiyaony e ?aoaieth, eioi?ia ii iacuaaao
“oaeiaeaoai?ythuei”, a ia “iaeneiece?othuei”. Iau/ii iioeiaeueiia
?aoaiea ia iaia?oaeeaaaony ec – ca iaoaaoee a?aiaie e iaaiciiaeiinoe
o/anoue anth eiathuothny eioi?iaoeeth e aeueoa?iaoeau. A neeo yoeo
ia?aie/aiee ?oeiaiaeeoaeue, eae i?aaeei, auae?aao iai?aaeaiea aeaenoaey,
eioi?ia, i/aaeaeii, yaeyaony i?eaieaiui, ii iaiaycaoaeueii iaeeo/oei ec
aiciiaeiuo.
?AAEECAOeEss. Eae iiae/a?eeaaao Oa??enii: “?aaeueiay oeaiiinoue ?aoaiee
noaiiaeony i/aaeaeiie oieueei iinea aai inouanoaeaiey. “I?ioeann ?aoaiey
i?iaeaiu ia caeai/eaaaony auai?ii aeueoa?iaoeau. I?inoie auai?
iai?aaeaiey aeaenoaee eiaao iaeoth oeaiiinoue aeey i?aaiecaoeee. Aeey
?ac?aoaiey i?iaeaiu eee aeey ecaea/aiey auaiaeu ec eiathuaeny
aiciiaeiinoe ?aoaiey aeieaeii auoue ?aaeeciaaii. O?iaaiue yooaeoeaiinoe
inouanoaeaiey ?aoaiey iiauneony, anee iii aoaeao i?eciaii oaie, eiai iii
cao?aaeaaao. I?eciaiea ?aoaiey ?aaeei iaeiaei auaaao aaoiiaoe/aneei,
aeaaea anee iii yaii oi?ioaa.
Eiiaaea ?oeiaiaeeoaeue iiaeao aiceiaeeoue i?eiyoea ?aoaiey ia oao, eoi
aeieaeai aoaeao aai eniieieoue. *aua aea ii auioaeaeai oaaaeaeaoue a
i?aaeeueiinoe naiae oi/ee c?aiey ae?oaeo ethaeae a i?aaiecaoeee,
aeieacuaay, /oi aai auai? ianao aeaai e i?aaiecaoeee, e eaaeaeiio a
ioaeaeueiinoe. Iaeioi?ua ?oeiaiaeeoaee n/eoatho iiiuoee oaaaeaeaiey
iai?aniie o?aoie a?aiaie, iaeiaei, iiaeoiae oeia “i?aa y eee ia i?aa, ii
ia/aeueiee y” naaiaeiy a ie?a ia?aciaaiiuo ethaeae, eae i?aaeei, ia
n?aaaouaaao.
Oainu ia yooaeoeaioth ?aaeecaoeeth ?aoaiey cia/eoaeueii aic?anoatho,
eiaaea i?e/anoiua e yoiio ethaee aianee a ?aoaiea naith eaioo e ene?aiia
aa?yo a oi, /oi aeaeatho. Iiyoiio oi?ioee niinia caaiaaaoue i?eciaiea
?aoaiey ninoieo a i?eaea/aiee ae?oaeo ethaeae e i?ioeanno aai i?eiyoey.
Aeaei ?oeiaiaeeoaey auae?aoue, eoi aeieaeai ?aoaoue. Oai ia iaiaa
auaatho neooaoeee, eiaaea ?oeiaiaeeoaeue auioaeaeai i?eieiaoue ?aoaiea
ia eiinoeueoe?oynue n ae?oaeie. O/anoea ?aaioieeia a i?eiyoee ?aoaiee,
iiaeiaii ethaiio ae?oaiio iaoiaeo oi?aaeaiey, aoaeao yooaeoeaiui aeaeaei
ia a eaaeaeie neooaoeee.
Aieaa oiai, oaa?aeay iiaeaea?aeea naia ii naaa aua ia aa?aioe?oao
iaaeeaaeauaai eniieiaiey ?aoaiey. Iieiia inouanoaeaiea ?aoaiee o?aaoao
i?eaaaeaiey a aeaenoaea anaai i?ioeanna oi?aaeaiey, a iniaaiiinoe aai
i?aaiecothuae e iioeaaoeeiiiie ooieoeee.
IA?AOIAss NAssCUe. Aua iaeiie oacie, aoiaeyuae a i?ioeann i?eiyoey
oi?aaeai/aneiai ?aoaiey e ia/eiathuaeny iinea oiai, eae ?aoaiea ia/aei
aeaenoaiaaoue, yaeyaony onoaiiaeaiea ia?aoiie nayce. Ii Oa??eniio:
“Nenoaia ioneaaeeaaiey e eiio?iey iaiaoiaeeia aeey iaania/aiey
niaeaniaaiey oaeoe/aneeo ?acoeueoaoia n oaie, eioi?ua ?oeiaiaeeoaeue
iaaeayeny iieo/eoue. Ia?aoiay naycue – o. a. iinooieaiea aeaiiuo i oii,
/oi i?ienoiaeeei aei e iinea ?aaeecaoeee ?aoaiey – iicaieyao
?oeiaiaeeoaeth nei??aeoe?iaaoue aai, iiea i?aaiecaoeee ia iaianaii
cia/eoaeueiiai oua?aa. Ioeaiea ?aoaiey ?oeiaiaenoaii auiieiyaony
i?aaeaea anaai n iiiiuueth ooieoeee eiio?iey.
Ae?OAEA OAEOI?U, AEEssTHUEA IA I?IOeANN I?EIssOEss OI?AAEAI*ANEEO
?AOAIEE.
?anniio?aiea yoaiia ?aoeeiiaeueiiai ?aoaiey i?iaeai aeieaeii neoaeeoue
aeey i?eiyoey aieaa yooaeoeaiuo ?aoaiee a neiaeiie neooaoeee. Iaeiaei
yoio iaoiae oi?aaeaiey, eae e ana ae?oaea, i?eiaiyaony ia a aaeooia.
I?aaiecaoeee yaeythony neiaeiuie iauaeoaie, a iie, a naith i/a?aaeue
/anoyie aua aieaa neiaeiie oeaeinoiinoe. Iineieueeo i?aaiecaoeeiiiui
aeaenoaeyi i?enoue neiaeiinoe, a oi?aaeai/aneea ?aoaiey i?eieiathony
ethaeueie e aeeytho ia ieo, i?e i?eiyoee ?aoaiee neaaeoao o/eouaaoue
oeaeue ?yae ?aciiia?aciuo oaeoi?ia: ee/iinoiua ioeaiee ?oeiaiaeeoaey,
o?iaaiue ?enea, a?aiy e eciaiythuaany ie?oaeaiea, eioi?iaoeeiiiua e
iiaaaeai/aneea ia?aie/aiey, io?eoeaoaeueiua iineaaenoaey e
acaeiinaycaiiinoue ?aoaiee.
Ee/iinoiua ioeaiee ?oeiaiaeeoaey.
Ee/iinoiua ioeaiee niaea?aeao noauaeoeaiia ?aiaee?iaaiea aaaeiinoe
ea/anoaa eee aeaaa. A ioiioaiee i?eiyoey ?aoaiee ioeaiee aunooiatho a
ea/anoaa eiiiana, oeacuaathuaa /aeiaaeo aeaeaoaeueiia iai?aaeaiea,
eiaaea i?eoiaeeony auae?aoue iaaeaeo aeueoa?iaoeaiuo aeaenoaee. Iiiaea
?aoaiey, i?eiyoua ?oeiaiaeeoaeai io?aaeatho oeaiiinoe yoeo ethaeae, a
oii /enea /oi eanaaony aeia?a e cea, ii?yaei/iinoe. Ana oi?aaeai/aneea
?aoaiey, a ia oieueei naycaiiua n aii?inaie nioeeaeueiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe
e yoeee iino?iaiu ia ooiaeaiaioa /ueae – oi nenoaiu oeaiiinoae.
Eaaeaeue /aeiaae iaeaaeaao naiae nenoaiie oeaiiinoae, eioi?ay
ii?aaeaeyao aai aeaenoaey e aeeyao ia i?eieiaaiua ?aoaiey. Iai?eia?,
iiaeii n/eoaoue iai?aaeeueiui i?eaea?aeeaaoue eioi?iaoeeth n iiiiuueth
eioi?ie eieeaaa iia au oeo/oeoue i?iaeo, iaae eioi?ui ii o?oaeeony.
Ianiio?y aeaaea ia oi, /oi yoio ?aaioiee iiaeao auoue aeaaiui
eiieo?aioii ia iooe aeieaeiinoiiai i?iaeaeaeaiey. Oeaiiinoue, eioi?ay
i?eaeaaony eiyeueiinoe e ioe?uoinoe, canoaaeyao i?eiyoue ?aoaiea i
ia?aaea/a eioi?iaoeee eieeaaa. N ae?oaie noi?iiu, iiaeii i?eiyoue
?aoaiea oaieeoue ?aaioieea, eioi?ue ana a?aiy ieioi ?aaioaao. Ianiio?y
ia eiyeueiinoue, i?aaenoaaeaiea i i?aanoaaiiinoe iiaeneacuaaao, /oi
ioaeii oaieeoue ieioiai ?aaioieea, oae eae ii ia aeaao i?aaiecaoeee
noieueei, neieueei ae?oaea.
Enneaaeiaaiey ooaa?aeaeatho, /oi oeaiiinoiua i?eaioaoeee aeeytho ia
niinia, eioi?ui i?eieiathony ?aoaiey. Iaeii ec ia?auo enneaaeiaaiee,
iinayuaiiuo oeaiiinoyi aia?eeaineeo oi?aaeythueo, iieacaei – a eo
nenoaia oeaiiinoae caiaoai yaiue ia?aein a noi?iio yeiiiieee, iieeoeee e
iaoee a i?ioeaiaan nioeeaeueiui, ?aeeaeiciui e ynoaoe/aneei aniaeoai.
Niaeanii enneaaeiaaiey Aeaei?aeaea Eiaeaiaea, ?oeiaiaeeoaeue, noaayuee
ia ia?aia ianoi iaeneiecaoeeth i?eauee, nei?aa anaai ia aeiaeeo
n?aaenoaa a ?aeiino?oeoeeth eaoaoa?ey e eiiiao ioaeuoa aeey ?aaioieeia.
?oeiaiaeeoaeue, aeey eioi?iai aeaaiia – nino?aaeaiea e ethaeyi, nei?aa
iieaeao ia ni?aaaaeeeaia iiauoaiea ca?aaioiie ieaou, /ai ia aa
nie?auaiea ?aaee aunaiaiaeaeaiey n?aaenoa ia oeiaine?iaaiea iao/ii –
enneaaeiaaoaeueneeo i?iaeoia.
Iaiaeiaaaeiia cia/aiea eiatho eoeueoo?iua ?acee/ey, oioy, eae iiaeii
iaeeaeaoue, nouanoaoao noiaenoai oeaiiinoiuo i?eaioaoeee oi?aaeythueo ec
?aciuo no?ai. Iai?eia?, aano?aeeeneea ?oeiaiaeeoaee i?aaeii/eoatho
“iyaeee” iiaeoiae e oi?aaeaieth e oaeaeytho cia/eoaeueiia aieiaiea naiei
iiae/eiaiiui. THaeiiei?aeneea aieueoaa cia/aiea i?eaeatho neea e ieioi
aini?eieiatho i?iaeaiu ae?oaeo. ssiiineea aeaiiino?e?otho oaaaeaiea e
auoanoiyuei e ioee/athony aunieie i?aaeaiiinoueth eiiiaiee.
Iaeioi?ua i?aaiecaoeee eniieuecotho oi?iaeueiua aeaeea?aoeee i
ei?ii?aoeaiuo oeaiiinoyo, /oiau ?aoaiey, i?eieiaaiua ?oeiaiaeeoaeai, e
aeaenoaey anao ?aaioieeia i?aaiecaoeee io?aaeaee iauoth nenoaio
oeaiiinoae. I?aaiecaoeee, i?iaicaeaneaoea aeaeea?aoeee i oeaiiinoyo,
aeiaiaeyo aei naaaeaiey ethaeae iaeeaeaiey, iie?athueany ia i?eciaiea
oaeeo oeaiiinoae, iin?aaenoaii ?aciiia?aciuo oi?i iao/aiey.
Iiieii ?acee/ee ee/iinoiuo ioeaiie oeie/iui cao?oaeiaieai i?e
ii?aaeaeaiee iioeiaeueiuo aeueoa?iaoea yaeyaony n?aaea, a eioi?ie
i?eieiathony ?aoaiey.
N?aaea i?eiyoey ?aoaiee.
I?e i?eiyoee oi?aaeai/aneeo ?aoaiee anaaaea aaaeii o/eouaaoue ?ene.
Iiiyoea “?ene” eniieuecoaony caeanue ia a niunea iianiinoe. ?ene nei?aa
ioiineony e o?iaith ii?aaeaeaiiinoe, n eioi?ie iiaeii i?iaiice?iaaoue
?acoeueoao. A oiaea ioeaiee aeueoa?iaoea e i?eiyoey ?aoaiee
?oeiaiaeeoaeue aeieaeai i?iaiice?iaaoue aiciiaeiua ?acoeueoaou a ?aciuo
ianoiyoaeuenoaao eee ninoiyieyo i?e?iaeu. Ii nooe aeaea, ?aoaiey
i?eieiathony a ?aciuo ianoiyoaeuenoaao ii ioiioaieth e ?eneo. Yoe
ianoiyoaeuenoaa o?aaeeoeeiiii eeanneoeoee?othony eae oneiaey
ii?aaeaeaiiinoe ?enea eee iaii?aaeaeaiiinoe.
II?AAeAEAIIINOUe. ?aoaiea i?eieiaaony a oneiaeyo ii?aaeaeaiiinoe, eiaaea
?oeiaiaeeoaeue a oi/iinoe ciaao ?acoeueoao eaaeaeiai ec aeueoa?iaoeaiuo
aa?eaioia auai?a. I?eia?ii ii?aaeaeaiiiai ?aoaiey iiaeao auoue aeiaeaiea
ecauoi/iie iaee/iinoe a 10% – a aeaiiceoiua na?oeoeeaou. ?oeiaiaeeoaeue
ciaao, /oi ca eneeth/aieai aicieeiiaaiey e?aeia iaeiaa?iyoiuo
/?acau/aeiuo ianoiyoaeuenoa, aneaaenoaea /aai oaaea?aeueiia
i?aaeoaeuenoai ia niiaeao auiieieoue naie iaycaoaeuenoaa, i?aaiecaoeey
iieo/eo ?iaii 10% ia aeiaeaiiua n?aaenoaa. Iiaeiaiui ia?acii
?oeiaiaeeoaeue iiaeao, ii iaiueoae ia?a ia aeeaeaeooth ia?niaeoeao,
oi/ii onoaiiaeoue eaeeie aoaeoo cao?aou ia i?iecaiaenoai ii?aaeaeaiiiai
ecaeaeey, iineieueeo a?aiaeiay ieaoa, noieiinoue iaoa?eaeia e ?aai/ae
neeu ecaanoiu eee iiaoo auoue ?ann/eoaiu n aunieie oi/iinoueth.
N?aaieoaeueii iaiiiaea i?aaiecaoeeiiiua eee ia?niiaeueiua ?aoaiey
i?eieiathony a oneiaeyo ii?aaeaeaiiinoe. Iaeiaei iie eiatho ianoi e
ca/anooth yeaiaiou yeaiaiou aieaa e?oiiuo ?aoaiee iiaeii ?anniao?eaaoue
eae ii?aaeaeaiiua. Aaoi?u e enneaaeiaaoaee yeiiiieei – iaoaiaoe/aneeo
iaoiaeia iacuaatho neooaoeee n iaee/eai ii?aaeaeaiiinoe
aeaoa?ieienoneeie.
?ENE. E ?aoaieyi, i?eieiaaiuo a oneiaeyo ?enea, ioiinyony oaeea,
?acoeueoaou eioi?uo ia yaeythony ii?aaeaeaiiuie, ii aa?iyoiinoue
eaaeaeiai ?acoeueoaoa ecaanoia. Aa?iyoiinoue ii?aaeaeyaony eae noaiaiue
aiciiaeiinoe naa?oaiey aeaiiiai niauoey e eciaiyaony io 0 aei 1. Noiia
aa?iyoiinoae anao aeueoa?iaoea aeieaeia auoue ?aaia 1. A oneiaeyo
ii?aaeaeaiiinoe nouanoaoao oieueei iaeia aeueoa?iaoeaa.
Iaeaieaa aeaeaoaeueiue niinia ii?aaeaeaiey aa?iyoiinoe –
iauaeoeaiinoue. Aa?iyoiinoue iauaeoeaia, eiaaea aa iiaeii ii?aaeaeeoue
iaoaiaoe/aneeie iaoiaeaie eee iooai noaoenoe/aneiai aiaeeca iaeiieaiiiai
iiuoa. I?eia? iauaeoeaiie aa?iyoiinoe caeeth/aaony a oii, iai?eia?, /oi
iiiaoa eiaeeony aaa?o “?aoeie” a 50% neo/aaa. Ae?oaie i?eia? –
i?iaiice?iaaiea o?iaiy nia?oiinoe ianaeaiey eiiiaieyie, caieiathueieny
no?aoiaaieai aeecie. Iineieueeo ana ianaeaiea neoaeeo aacie
yenia?eiaioa, no?aoiaua aeooa?ee iiaoo n aunieie oi/iinoueth
i?aaeneacaoue, eaeie i?ioeaio ethaeae ii?aaeaeaiiiai iiuoa oi?ao a yoii,
neaaeothuai e o. ae. aiaeao. Ii yoei aeaiiui iie ii?aaeaeytho, neieueei
no?aoiauo aciinia iie aeieaeiu iieo/eoue, /oiau iieaoeoue cayaeaiey i
auieaoa no?aoiaiai aiciaa?aaeaeaiey e oai ia iaiaa eiaoue i?eaueue.
?oeiaiaenoai aeieaeii o/eouaaoue o?iaaiue ?enea a ea/anoaa aaaeiaeoaai
oaeoi?a. Iai?eia?, oe?ia “?yaeei Ei?ii?aeoi io Aia?eea” iioa?yea 500
iei. aeiee. aneaaenoaea iaoaea/iie iiiuoee nicaeaiey aeeneiaiai
aeaeaii?iea?uaaoaey. Oe?ia “caieo Ei?ii?aeoi”, ciay ia ia?iiiuo oauoeao
eiieo?aioa, ?aoeea ioeacaoueny io i?iaeieaeaiey enneaaeiaaiee a yoie
iaeanoe, iin/eoaa yoo oaoiieiaeth neeoeii ?eneiaaiiie. Iaeiaei oe?ia
“niie” iinea ianeieueeeo eao iaoaea/iuo iiiuoie iiaaaeeea aia?eeaineeo e
aa?iiaeneeo eiieo?aioia, auionoea ioee/iue i?iea?uaaoaeue, caaiaaaaoee
?uiee NOA.
Nouanoaoao ianeieueei niiniaia iieo/aiey i?aaiecaoeeae ?aeaaaioiie
eioi?iaoeee, iicaieythuae iauaeoeaii ?ann/eoaoue ?ene. Aeieeaaeu
oaaea?aeueiiai i?aaeoaeuenoaa ii aii?inai o?oaea, yeiiiieee, ?acoeueoaou
ia?aienae niaea?aeao ia?iiiue iannea aeaiiuo ii no?oeoo?a
ia?iaeiianaeaiey, ?inoo oeai, ?ani?aaeaeaieth aeioiaeia, eioeyoeee,
ca?aaioiie ieaoa e o. ae. E?oiiua oi?aiaua i?aaiecaoeee i?aaeinoaaeytho
eioi?iaoeeth, eiathuoth iniaue eioa?an aeey eiie?aoiuo io?aneae,
iai?eia?, i oii, neieueei aeaiuei a aic?anoa io 19 aei 25 eao /eoatho
aaeaiany/ii aeo?iae “Einiiiieeoai” a i?ioeaiaan “oaei”.
Eiaaea aiaoiyy eioi?iaoeey iaaeinooiia, i?aaiecaoeey iiaeao aeiauoue aa
naieie neeaie, i?iaaaey enneaaeiaaiea. Aiaeec ?uiea ianoieueei oe?iei
eniieuecoaony aeey i?iaiice?iaaiey aini?eyoey iiaiai i?iaeoeoa,
oaeaaeceiiiuo oio, eeiioeeueiia e iieeoeeia, /oi ii nai ii naaa
i?aa?aoeeny a aaaeioth noa?o aeayoaeueiinoe ii/oe anao e?oiiuo
i?aaiecaoeee, eiathueo aeaei n oe?ieie ioaeeeie. Iaeiaei aiaeec ?uiea ia
eiaao noaoona no?iai iao/iiai enneaaeiaaiey. Iai?eia?, eiaiii ii
?acoeueoaoai iiaeiaiiai aiaeeca oe?ia “Eieaiaea Iee/a?c” ?aoeea ia
o/anoaiaaoue a i?iecaiaenoaa oeeueia “A. O. “. Yoi ?aoaiea iineaaeiaaei
eae ?aaeoeey ia auaiae, ieacaaoeeny iaaa?iui, /oi oeeuei ?ann/eoai ia 8
– eaoieo aeaoae, a ia i?aeoeea ii noae naiui eanniaui ca ana a?aiy
nouanoaiaaiey eeiaiaoia?aoa.
Aa?iyoiinoue aoaeao ii?aaeaeaia iauaeoeaii, anee iinooieo aeinoaoi/ii
eioi?iaoeee aeey oiai, /oiau i?iaiic ieacaeny noaoenoe/anee
aeinoiaa?iui. Iaeuecy auei, iai?eia?, i?aaeneacaoue, eoiyo eee ia eoiyo
ieeeeiiu aia?eeaioeaa ia?niiaeueiua eiiiuethoa?u, ii?iaiaaa eaeath anaai
ia ianeieueeeo aeanyoeia naiae. Ioaeia auea ?aaeoeey ianeieueeeo nioai
?aniiiaeaioia. E?iia oiai, aa?iyoiinoue aeinoiaa?ia oieueei eae n?aaeiyy
aaee/eia e a aeieain?i/iie ia?niaeoeaa. Oae, anee no?aoiaay eiiiaiey,
eiathuay iieenu ia 50 oun. aaoiiiaeeae, a ninoiyiee i?aaeneacaoue oauoee
io aaa?ee n aunieie noaiaiueth oi/iinoe, iie?aynue ia noaoenoe/aneea
n?aaeiea aeey anae iiioeyoeee aeaiiua, ?oeiaiaeeoaeue iaeeie eiiiaiee ia
niiaeao yoiai naeaeaoue. Iaeia ec 15 iaoei eiiiaiee iiaeao iiianoue a
iaiau/ioth aaa?eth e i?e/eieoue ae iiiaiieeeeiiiue oua?a.
Ai iiiaeo neo/ayo i?aaiecaoeey ia ?aniieaaaao aeinoaoi/iie eioi?iaoeeae
aeey iauaeoeaiie ioeaiee aa?iyoiinoe, iaeiaei, iiuo ?oeiaiaenoaa
iiaeneacuaaao, /oi eiaiii iiaeao nei?aa anaai neo/eoueny n aunieie
aeinoiaa?iinoueth. A oaeie neooaoeee ?oeiaiaeeoaeue iiaeao
eniieueciaaoue noaeaeaiea i aiciiaeiinoe naa?oaiey aeueoa?iaoea n oie
eee eiie noauaeoeaiie eee i?aaeiieaaaaiie aa?iyoiinoueth.
IAII?AAeAEAIIINOUe. ?aoaiea i?eieiaaony a oneiaeyo iaii?aaeaeaiiinoe,
eiaaea iaaiciiaeii ioeaieoue aa?iyoiinoue iioaioeeaeueiuo ?acoeueoaoia.
Yoi aeieaeii eiaoue ianoi, eiaaea o?aaothuea o/aoa oaeoi?u ianoieueei
iiau e neiaeiu, /oi ian/ao ieo iaaiciiaeii iieo/eoue aeinoaoi/ii
?aeaaaioiie eioi?iaoeee. A eoiaa aa?iyoiinoue ii?aaeaeaiiiai
iineaaenoaey iaaiciiaeii i?aaeneacaoue n aeinoaoi/iie noaiaiueth
aeinoiaa?iinoe. Iaii?aaeaeaiiinoue oa?aeoa?ia aeey iaeioi?uo ?aoaiee,
eioi?ua i?eoiaeeony iaiyoue a auno?i iaiythueony ianoiyoaeuenoaao.
Iaeaieueoei iioaioeeaeii iaii?aaeaeaiiinoe iaeaaeaao nioeeieoeueoo?iay,
iieeoe/aneay e iaoeiaieay n?aaea. ?aoaiey ieienoa?noaa iai?iiu i
?ac?aaioea eneeth/eoaeueii neiaeiiai iiaiai i?oaeey ca/anooth
ecia/aeueii iaii?aaeaeaiiu. I?e/eia a oii, /oi ieeoi ia ciaao – eae
aoaeao eniieueciaaii i?oaeea e i?iecieaeao ee yoi aiiaua, a oaeaea eaeia
i?oaeea iiaeao i?eiaieoue i?ioeaiee. Iiyoiio ieienoa?noai /anoi ia a
ninoiyiee ii?aaeaeeoue, aoaeao ee iiaia i?oaeea aeaenoaeoaeueii
yooaeoeaii e oiio a?aiaie, eiaaea iii iinooieo a a?ieth, a yoi iiaeao
i?iecieoe, iai?eia?, /a?ac 5 eao. Iaeiaei ia i?aeoeea i/aiue iaiiiaea
oi?aaeai/aneea ?aoaiey i?eoiaeeony i?eieiaoue a oneiaeyo iieiie
iaii?aaeaeaiiinoe.
Noaeeeaaynue n iaii?aaeaeaiiinoueth, ?oeiaiaeeoaeue iiaeao
eniieueciaaoue aeaa iniiaiua aiciiaeiinoe. Ai – ia?auo, iiiuoaoueny
iieo/eoue aeiiieieoaeueioth ?aeaaaioioth eioi?iaoeeth e aua ?ac
i?iaiaeece?iaaoue i?iaeaio. Yoei /anoi oaeaaony oiaiueoeoue iiaecio e
neiaeiinoue i?iaeaiu. ?oeiaiaeeoaeue ni/aoaao yoo aeiiieieoaeueioth
eioi?iaoeeth e aiaeec n iaeiieaiiui iiuoii, niiniaiinoueth e noaeaeaieth
eee eiooeoeeae, /oiau i?eaeaoue ?yaeo ?acoeueoaoia noauaeoeaioth eee
i?aaeiieaaaaioth aa?iyoiinoue.
Aoi?ay aiciiaeiinoue – aeaenoaiaaoue a oi/iii niioaaonoaee n i?ioeui
iiuoii, noaeaeaieyie eee eiooeoeeae e naeaeaoue i?aaeiieiaeaiea i
aa?iyoiinoe niauoee. Yoi iaiaoiaeeii, eiaaea ia oaaoaao a?aiaie ia nai?
aeiiieieoaeueiie eioi?iaoeee eee cao?aou ia iaa /a?an/o? auniee.
A?aiaiiua e eioi?iaoeeiiiua ia?aie/aiey eiatho aaaeiaeoaa cia/aiea i?e
i?eiyoee oi?aaeai/aneeo ?aoaiee.
A?AIss E ECIAIssTHUAssNss N?AAeA. Oiae a?aiaie iau/ii iaoneiaeeaaao
eciaiaiea neooaoeee. Anee iie cia/eoaeueiu, neooaoeey iiaeao
i?aia?aceoueny ianoieueei, /oi e?eoa?ee aeey i?eiyoey ?aoaiey noaioo
iaaeaenoaeoaeueiuie. Iiyoiio ?aoaiey neaaeoao i?eieiaoue e aiieiuaoue a
aeeciue, iiea eioi?iaoeey e aeiiouaiey, ia eioi?uo iniiaaii ?aoaiea,
inoathony ?aeaaaioiuie e oi/iuie. *anoi yoi cao?oaeieoaeueii, iineieueeo
a?aiy iaaeaeo i?eiyoeai ?aoaiey e ia/aeii aeaenoaey aaeeei. Iai?eia?,
oe?ia “Aethiii” aeey nicaeaiey iaeeiia eae i?iiuoeaiiiai i?iaeoeoa
iio?aaiaaeinue 25 eao. E?iia oiai, cae?aaue niune iiaeneacuaaao, /oi
?aoaiea neaaeoao i?eieiaoue aeinoaoi/ii auno?i aeey oiai, /oiau
aeaeaoaeueiia aeaenoaea nio?aieei naia cia/aiea. Iaei i?ieo eneaoue
iaeeo/oee niinia aeiauaaiey aeaiaa ia aoaeouea ianyoeu, anee iao aeaiaa
ia aeeaeaeooth iaaeaeth. Iiyoiio o/ao oaeoi?a a?aiaie eiiaaea canoaaeyao
?oeiaiaeeoaeae iie?aoueny ia noaeaeaiea eee aeaaea eiooeoeeth, oiaaea
eae a ii?iaeueiuo ianoiyoaeuenoaao iie i?aaeii/ee au ?aoeeiiaeueiue
aiaeec.
Iiaeiaiui ia?acii neaaeoao o/eouaaoue aa?iyoiinoue iia?aaeaiey ?aoaieai
naiaai a?aiaie. Iiiaea eiiiaiee aeeaaeuaaee ieeeeiiu aeieea?ia a iiaua
i?iaeou, iaaeaynue iia?aaeeoue eiieo?aioia ia ?uiea, e iaia?oaeeaaee,
/oi i?eiicaeieaoeany e ?aoeaoea iiaeiaeaeaoue ieacuaaeenue a auea?uoa.
Oe?ia “Ieiianioa Iaeieia yiae Iyithoye/o?eia” ?ac?aaioaea i?ioeann
oeaaoiiai eiie?iaaiey a 1961 a. , a oe?ia “Ena?ien” ia?aue oaea/iue
ia?acaoe oeaaoiiai eiie?iaaeueiiai aiia?aoa aua?ineea ia ?uiie eeoue a
1975 a. Oe?ia “Aa?eee Oioi” e ?yae ae?oaeo eiiiaiee caoayee
i?iecaiaenoai ea?iaiiuo eaeueeoeyoi?ia e iiianee ia?iiiua oauoee, a oi
a?aiy eae oniaa?oainoaiaaiiay oaoiieiaey iicaieeea iiae/eai ia ?uiea
iaeaaeeoue auione eaeueeoeyoi?ia n iaiueoeie, /ai ca aiae aei oiai,
ecaea?aeeaie.
Eioi?iaoeeiiiua ia?aie/aiey.
Eioi?iaoeey – yoi aeaiiua, i?inayiiua aeey eiie?aoiuo ethaeae, i?iaeai,
oeaeae e neooaoeee. Eioi?iaoeey iaiaoiaeeia aeey ?aoeeiiaeueiiai ?aoaiey
i?iaeai. Ii?ie, iaeiaei, iaiaoiaeeiay aeey i?eiyoey oi?ioaai ?aoaiey
eioi?iaoeey iaaeinooiia eee noieo neeoeii aei?iai. A noieiinoue
eioi?iaoeee neaaeoao aeeth/eoue a?aiy ?oeiaiaeeoaeae e iiae/eiaiiuo,
cao?a/aiiua ia aa nai?, a oaeaea oaeoe/aneea ecaea?aeee, iai?eia?,
naycaiiua n aiaeecii ?uiea, iieaoie iaoeiiiai a?aiaie, eniieueciaaieai
oneoa aiaoieo eiinoeueoaioia e o. ae. Iiyoiio ?oeiaiaeeoaeue aeieaeai
?aoeoue, nouanoaaiia ee auaiaea io aeiiieieoaeueiie eioi?iaoeee,
ianeieueei naii ii naaa aaaeii ?aoaiea, naycaii ee iii ni cia/eoaeueiie
aeieae ?ano?nia i?aaiecaoeee eee n iacia/eoaeueiie aeaiaaeiie noiiie.
Anee eioi?iaoeeth iieo/eoue ii i?eaieaiie oeaia iai?inoi, ii oaeay
aiciiaeiinoue nei?i iiyaeony, naiia i?aaeeueiia aeey ?oeiaiaeeoaey –
ioeiaeeoue i?eiyoea ?aoaiey. Caeanue, i?aaaea, naeaeaii aeiiouaiea, /oi
a?aiy ia yaeyaony e?eoe/aneei oaeoi?ii e iioa?e io caaea?aeee aoaeoo
aieaa /ai ia?ae?uou auaiaeie io i?eiyoey aieaa ea/anoaaiiiai ?aoaiey ia
iniiaa aeiiieieoaeueiie eioi?iaoeee Auaiaea e ecaea?aeee ii aieueoae
/anoe noauaeoeaii ioeaieaathony ?oeiaiaeeoaeai, /oi, a iniaaiiinoe,
ioiineony e ioeaiea ?oeiaiaeeoaeai noieiinoe nianoaaiiiai a?aiaie e
iaeeaeaaiuo a ?acoeueoaoa i?eiyoey ?aoaiey oeo/oaiee.
Ia ?en. 3 i?ieeethno?e?iaaiu 3 aa?eaioa ianoiyoaeuenoa, n eioi?uie
iiaeao noieeiooueny ?oeiaiaeeoaeue, ioeaieaay cao?aou e auaiaeo io
aeiiieieoaeueiie eioi?iaoeee. Ii aa?eaioo “a” auaiaea io eaaeaeie
aeiiieieoaeueiie aaeeieoeu eioi?iaoeee ?aaia cao?aoai ia aa iieo/aiea. A
oie ia?a, a eaeie ?oeiaiaenoai aioiai ieaoeoue ca iieo/aiea
aeiiieieoaeueiie eioi?iaoeee, iii aoaeao eiaoue aeiiieieoaeueioth
auaiaeo. Iaeiaei ia?aie/aiea a?aiaiiuo e eioaeeaeooaeueiuo aiciiaeiinoae
iaiaaeaea?a a ieaia inaiaiey e eniieueciaaiey ana aieueoaai eiee/anoaa
eioi?iaoeee aeieaeiu, a eiia/iii n/aoa, naeaeaoue iieoieo
aeiiieieoaeueiie eioi?iaoeee yeiiiie/anee iaoeaeaniia?aciie.
Ii aa?eaioo “A” ?anoiaeu ia iieo/aiea aeiiieieoaeueiie eioi?iaoeee
ia?ae?uaathony auaiaeie aei ii?aaeaeaiiie oi/ee. Ca iath ?oeiaiaenoao ia
neaaeoao no?aieoueny e iieo/aieth aeiiieieoaeueiie eioi?iaoeee,
iineieueeo aeaaea i?e oeo/oaiee ?aoaiey n aa iiiiuueth ?anoiaeu i?aaunyo
auaiaeo.
Ii aa?eaioo “N” auaiaeu io iieo/aiey aeiiieieoaeueiie eioi?iaoeee,
i/aaeaeii, i?aainoiaeyo cao?aou ia iaa. A oaeie neooaoeee iieo/aiea
aeiiieieoaeueiie eioi?iaoeee yaii aeaeaoaeueii. Oai ia iaiaa, e a yoii
neo/aa a?aiaiiua e eioaeeaeooaeueiua ia?aie/aiey aeieaeiu, a eiia/iii
n/aoa, ?acei nieceoue iieueco io i?eia?aoaiey eioi?iaoeee. Eae iieacae
?annae Aeioo, ?oeiaiaeeoaee /anoi iaei??aeoii iieaaatho, /oi aieueoa
eioi?iaoeee – iaycaoaeueii eo/oa.
Iiaaaeai/aneea ia?aie/aiey. Iiiaea ec oaeoi?ia, cao?oaeiythueo
iaaeee/iinoiua e aioo?ei?aaiecaoeeiiiua eiiioieeaoeee, aeeytho ia
i?eiyoea ?aoaiee. Iai?eia?, ?oeiaiaeeoaee /anoi ii – ?aciiio
aini?eieiatho nouanoaiaaiea e na?ueaciinoue i?iaeaiu. Iie iiaoo oaeaea
ii ?aciiio aini?eieiaoue ia?aie/aiey e aeueoa?iaoeau. Yoi aaaeao e
ianiaeaneth e eiioeeeoai a i?ioeanna i?eiyoey ?aoaiey.
?oeiaiaeeoaee iiaoo auoue ianoieueei ia?aa?oaeaiu eioi?iaoeeae e
oaeouae ?aaioie, /oi aoaeoo ia a ninoiyiee aini?eiyoue ioe?uaathueany
aiciiaeiinoe. Iineoaeiie nienie eaaeaeiai iiaeao iieacaoue, eae iie
aini?eieiatho e ?aaae?otho ia i?iaeaiu. Niaeanii iaeiiio enneaaeiaaieth,
?oeiaiaeeoaee aeatho ?aciia ii?aaeaeaiea iaeiie e oie aea i?iaeaiu a
caaeneiinoe io ioaeaeia, eioi?ua aicaeaaeytho. ?oeiaiaeeoaeue iiaeao
/oanoaiaaoue, /oi auoanoiyuee ia/aeueiee aoaeao ?acae?aaeai, anee aio
niiaueoue i ?aaeueiie eee iioaioeeaeueiie i?iaeaia. Io niiniaa iaiaia
?oeiaiaeeoaey n iiae/eiaiiuie eioi?iaoeeae a cia/eoaeueiie ia?a caaeneo
iiaaaeaiea iineaaeieo. Iiaeiaiui ia?acii iiaeao eiaoue ianoi oi/ea
c?aiey, ii eioi?ie “i?iaeaiu – yoi ieioi”, eai ai?acaei aaaeiaa “oi?ioi
auaeyaeaoue”. Ethaee iiaoo onaaeaaoue oaeoth iiceoeeth io naieo eieeaa.
?oeiaiaeeoaeue iiaeao ioaa?aiooue oio eee eiie eo?n aeaenoaee a neeo
ee/iuo i?eno?anoee eee eiyeueiinoue ii ioiioaieth e eiio – oi. Ii iiaeao
?aoeoue ia i?ee?uaaoue niiieoaeueiua eiaanoeoeee eee i?iaeo, iineieueeo
iiaeaea?aeeaae eo ia i?ioyaeaiee aeieaiai a?aiaie. A ?acoeueoaoa aio
aoaeao o?oaeii iauaeoeaii ioeaieoue oaeouaa ninoiyiea inaiaiey
eaieoaeiaeiaeaiee eee i?iaeoa. Iiaeiaiui ia?acii iaiaaeaea? iiaeao
?aoeoue iiaeaea?aeaoue eee ia iiaeaea?aeaoue ii?aaeaeaiiue i?iaeo,
iineieueeo ?oeiaiaeeoaeue yoiai i?iaeoa ?aiaa ia iiaeaea?aeae
auaeaeiooue iaiaaeaea?ii i?iaeo. Ei?i/a aiai?y, onoaiiaeaii, /oi
iiiai/eneaiiua ineoieiae/aneea oaeoi?u e ee/iinoiua iniaaiiinoe
neacuaathony ia i?ioeanna i?eiyoey ?aoaiee.
Iaaaoeaiua iineaaenoaey. I?eiyoea oi?aaeai/aneeo ?aoaiee ai iiiaeo
ioiioaieyo yaeyaony eneonnoaii iaoiaeaeaiey yooaeoeaiiai eiii?iienna.
Auea?uo a iaeiii ii/oe anaaaea aeinoeaaaony a oua?a ae?oaiio. ?aoaiea a
iieueco i?iaeoeoeee aieaa aunieiai ea/anoaa aea/ao ca niaie ?ino
ecaea?aeae. Iaeioi?ua iio?aaeoaee aoaeoo aeiaieueiu, ae?oaea ia?aeaeoo
ia iaiaa aei?iainoiyuee aiaeia. Onoaiiaea aaoiiaoe/aneie
i?iecaiaenoaaiiie eeiee iiaeao nieceoue iauea ecaea?aeee, ii
iaeiia?aiaiii i?eaanoe e oaieueiaieth eiyeueiuo ?aai/eo. Oi?iuaiea
oaoiieiaee iiaeao iicaieeoue oe?ia eniieueciaaoue iaeaaeeoeoee?iaaiiuo
?aai/eo. A oi aea a?aiy oi?iuaiiay ?aaioa iiaeao ieacaoueny ianoieueei
ooiieoaeueiie, /oi ?aai/ea ?aci/a?othony, aneaaenoaea /aai, eae iiaeii
iaeeaeaoue, aic?anooo i?iaoeu e oaeo/anoue eaae?ia e, aiciiaeii,
nieceony i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue.
Iiaeiaiua iaaaoeaiua iineaaenoaey neaaeoao o/eouaaoue, i?eieiay ?aoaiey.
Iaiaoiaeeii o/eouaaoue acaeiicaaeneiinoue aioo?ei?aaiecaoeeiiiuo
ia?aiai, o. e. aiciiaeiu iaaaoeaiua iineaaenoaey i?e ionoonoaee
nenoaiiiai iiaeoiaea. I?iaeaia i?ioeanna i?eiyoey ?aoaiee ninoieo a
niiinoaaeaiee ieionia n iethnaie a oeaeyo iieo/aiey iaeaieueoaai iauaai
auea?uoa. *anoi ?oeiaiaeeoaeth i?eoiaeeony auiineoue noauaeoeaiia
noaeaeaiea i oii, eaeea iaaaoeaiua iiai/iua yooaeou aeiionoeiu i?e
oneiaee aeinoeaeaiey aeaeaaiiai eiia/iiai ?acoeueoaoa. Iaeiaei iaeioi?ua
iaaaoeaiua iineaaenoaey ieeiei ia?acii ia iiaoo auoue i?eaieaiuie aeey
?oeiaiaeeoaeae i?aaiecaoeee. I?eia?: ia?ooaiea caeiia eee yoe/aneeo
ii?i. A iiaeiaiuo neo/ayo, eiaaea auae?athony e?eoa?ee aeey i?eiyoey
?aoaiey, iaaaoeaiua iineaaenoaey neaaeoao o?aeoiaaoue eae ia?aie/aiey.
Acaeiicaaeneiinoue ?aoaiee. A i?aaiecaoeee ana ?aoaiey iaeioi?ui ia?acii
acaeiinaycaiu. Aaeeie/iia aaaeiia ?aoaiea ii/oe anaaaea iaaa?iyea iiaeao
iio?aaiaaoue nioai ?aoaiee iaiaa cia/eoaeueiuo. Anee, e i?eia?o,
i?aaiecaoeey ?aoaao ia?aaanoe ooaa – eaa?oe?o a ae?oaie ooao, iia
aeieaeia oaeaea i?eiyoue ?aoaiea i oii, eae eiiiaine?iaaoue ia?aiauaiea
?aaioieeai, eoi ii?aaeaeeo – iieoiaoue eee ia iieoiaoue iiaoth iaaaeue,
eiai iaieiaoue ia iiaua aeieaeiinoe e aaeainee a ?acoeueoaoa
ia?aaace?iaaiey, canoaayo ee caeiiu i iaeiaiiaeiaeaiee a ae?oaii ooaoa
iaiyoue i?ioeaaeo?o aooaaeoa?neiai o/aoa e o. i.
E?oiiua ?aoaiey eiatho iineaaenoaey aeey i?aaiecaoeee a oeaeii, a ia
oieueei aeey naaiaioa, iaiin?aaenoaaiii cao?aaeaaaiiai oai eee eiui
?aoaieai. Anee i?iecaiaenoaaiiay oe?ia ?aoaao i?eia?anoe iiaia e aieaa
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiia iai?oaeiaaiea aeey caaiaea, iia oaeaea aeieaeia iaeoe
niinia oaaee/aiey nauoa i?iaeoeoeee. Oaeei ia?acii caeoiea iiaiai
iai?oaeiaaiey aeieaeia io?aceoueny ia oieueei ia i?iecaiaenoaaiiii
ioaeaea, ii oaeaea ?aoathuei ia?acii ia ioaeaeao nauoa e ia?eaoeiaa
Niiniaiinoue aeaeaoue, eae ano?aeaathony e acaeiiaeaenoaotho ?aoaiey a
nenoaia oi?aaeaiey, noaiiaeony ana aieaa aaaeiie ii ia?a i?iaeaeaeaiey
ia aunoea yoaaee aeanoe. Iaiaaeaea?u, iaoiaeyueany ia ieaeieo o?iaiyo
ea?a?oee, ii i?iyaeythuea niiniaiinoue ?acaeyaeaoue acaeiinaycaiiinoue
?aoaiee, o. a. aeaeaoue “anth ea?oeio”, ca/anooth e noaiiayony
eaiaeeaeaoaie ia iiauoaiea.
NIENIE EEOA?AOO?U :
1. Iniiau iaiaaeaeiaioa. I.O.Ianeii, I.Aeueaa?o, O.Oaaeio?e. Iineaa.
2. ?acaeoea e niaapoainoaiaaiea neoaea oipaaeaiey. Eiiaey A.I. Iineaa.
2. Haoea e eneonnoai ipeiyoey paoaiee. Eape/aa I.E. Iineaa.
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