EINOEOOO YEIIIIEEE E OEIAINIA
Eo?niaie i?iaeo
ii Ia?eaoeiao
Auiieieea: Einoeia Aiia Eaiieaeiaia,
nooaeaioea a?. ?502-2A
?oeiaiaeeoaeue: e.y.i. Caiaeueei Eaai Aeaenaiae?iae/
ia oaio “Oi?ie?iaaiea ei?ii?aoeaiiai eieaeaea”
a. Naieo-Iaoa?ao?a
2000 aiae
Iaeaaeaiea
Aaaaeaiea
Iiniio?eoa ia ethaeae aie?oa aan. Eaaeaeue ec ieo nicaeaao naie
nianoaaiiue eieaeae. Ni aeonii ee iie iaeaou? A?aiioii ee aiai?yo? Eaeea
iunee i?eoiaeyo aai a aieiao i?e ?acaiai?a n ieie? Iiaeii ee ei, ii
aaoaio iiaieth, aeiaa?youe? Noieo ee ia ieo iieiaeeoueny? O aan a aieiaa
neeaaeuaaaony ia?ac eaaeaeiai /aeiaaea, n eioi?ui au iauaaoanue. Ii
iniiauaaaony ia oii, /oi au aeaeeoa, neuoeoa, a oaeaea ia aaoai iiuoa
iiaeaea?aeaiey ciaeiinoaa n iei. Oaeaea eae e /aeiaae, ethaie oiaa?,
eiiiaiey eiatho naie eieaeae iacaaeneii io oiai, i?aaeony ii ei eee iao.
Ii/aio iaeioi?ua i?iaeoeou, oaeea eae oieieaae eee eiioaou “?aoayeei”,
n/eoathony eoeeia?iuie ecuneaie, i?aaeiacia/aiiuie eneeth/eoaeueii aeey
ao?iaiia, a ae?oaea, oio-aeiae eee aaiao?aa?u, n/eoathony ieaaaeneie
aaeie? Ioaao caeanue i?ino: ?acieoea e?iaony a eieaeaea. Iieiaeeoaeueiue
eieaeae oae aea o?oaeii ii?aaeaeeoue, eae e?anioo eee aunieia ea/anoai,
ii, eiaaea ii anoue, au iaycaoaeueii yoi iuouaaoa.
Eae iieacuaaao i?aeoeea, ei?ii?aoeaiue eieaeae aiana ia iaycaoaeueii
naycai n i?iaeoeoeeae, ath auioneaaiie. I?e ioaaoa ia aii?in: “*oi aai
i?eoiaeeo a aieiao i?e iunee ia eieaeaea eiiiaiee IAI?”, ouny/e
ii?ioaiiuo aeaaea ia oiiiyioee i eiiiuethoa?ao. I?aaeaea anaai iie
ioia/aee noaiaea?ou iaeaaeaeu e i?ioanneiiaeueiue eieaeae
i?aaenoaaeoaeae eiiiaiee. Iiaeao auoue oaeie ia?ac ei?ii?aoeee neeoeii
eneonnoaaiai? Aea, iiaeao auoue, ii ana ?aniiiaeaiou aeaeaee auaiae i
oii, /oi eiiiaiey, ?aaioieee eioi?ie i?eaea?aeeaathony oaeeo aunieeo
noaiaea?oia iaeaaeaeu e aiaoiaai aeaea, i?inoi ia iiaeao ia auioneaoue
i?iaeoeoeeth aunoaai ea/anoaa. Iieiaeeoaeueiue eieaeae anaaaea
i?ieeaaeuaaao aei?iao iiceoeaiie ?aiooaoeee a aieaa oe?ieeo e
nouanoaaiiuo iaeanoyo, oaeeo eae ea/anoai i?iaeoeoeee. *oi noaei au n
eieaeaeai eiiiaiee IAI, anee au aa iaiaaeaea?u aiai?eee naiei
?aaioieeai: “Ia aeoiaeoa i noaiaea?oao iaeaaeaeu. Aeaea o ian eaeoo oae
oi?ioi, /oi iai aaniethoii ana ?aaii, a eaeii einothia au ioi?aaeyaoanue
ia ano?a/o n eeeaioii”? Aiciiaeii, /a?ac iaeioi?ia a?aiy iieoiaoaee
eiiiuethoa?iie oaoieee iiiyee au, /oi i?aaeieo aunieeo noaiaea?oia
na?aena e ea/anoaa i?iaeoeoeee eiiiaiee IAI aieaa ia nouanoaoao.
?aaioieee ei?ii?aoeee.
Eee aio ae?oaie i?eia?. Ia eaaeaeiai iinaoeaoaai Aeeniaeeaiae ?aaaiea
i?eoiaeeony 4 ac?ineuo. Eo i?eaeaeaao ooaea ioithaeue ia aeaeaiea
i?iaa?eoue, aeaenoaeoaeueii ee Aeeniaeeaiae – ?ae aeey aeaoae, a
/?acau/aeii yooaeoeaiue eieaeae ianoa, aaea aanaei, /enoi e aaea aeaoe
ii-ianoiyuaio n/anoeeau.
Oaeie eieaeae ia iia iiyaeoueny neo/aeii. Eiaaea Oieo Aeeniae ia/ae
no?ieoaeuenoai aeaoneiai eiiieaena, ii aue auioaeaeai caiyoue aeaiueae o
a?aoa, /oiau i?iaeieaeeoue aeaei. Ii iiiaei i?e/eiai ii e aai a?ao ?ie
ieacaeenue ia a?aie aaie?ionoaa. Eiaaea iie oieueei ia/eiaee, aac ee/iie
iiaeiene ?iy iaeuecy auei eoieoue aeaaea ei?iaee aaicaeae. Ii n naiiai
ia/aea, ianiio?y ia e?aeia noaniaiiua aeaiaaeiua ianoiyoaeuenoaa, Oieo
ieeiaaea ia aeaeae aeaiaa ia nicaeaiea eieaeaea. Ii ciae, /oi, aua aei
oiai eae Aeeniaeeaiae ioe?iaony, o ethaeae neiaeeony ii?aaeaeaiiia
iiaiea i aeaoneii ia?ea.
Iaeiei ec i?iyaeaiee oaeaioa Oieoa Aeeniay a nicaeaiee e i?iaeaeaeaiee
iieiaeeoaeueiiai eieaeaea auei ?aoaiea i nicaeaiee aaeaiaaeaeueiiai
oaeaaeceiiiiai oio “Aeeniaeeaiae”, eioi?ia iineoaeeei i?ae?aniie
?aeeaiie ia?eo, naycaei aai ia?ac n iiauie oaeaaeceiiiuie oaoiieiaeyie.
Eiiiaiey iieo/eea aiciiaeiinoue iieacaoue c?eoaeth Aeeniaeeaiae ai anai
aai aaeeeieaiee, /enoioa e iiaecia. Oieo Aeeniae n iniaui ouaieai
oi?ie?iaae a oiao ethaeae iieiaeeoaeueiue eieaeae naiaai ia?ea.
Ii?aaaeaei ee yoi naay? Aeaaea naaiaeiy eiaiii yoi aieiaiea e eaaeaeie
iaei/e a Aeeniaeeaiaea – aeaaiay i?e/eia iai?ae?auathuaainy iioiea ienai
ni anaai naaoa. E?iia anaai i?i/aai, ethaee ii?aaeathony /enoioa a
ia?ea: “Ia iiao iiiyoue, eae a ia?ea, /a?ac eioi?ue eaaeaeue aeaiue
i?ioiaeyo 64 ouny/e /aeiaae, y aei neo ii? ia ianooiee aeaaea ia aeaa/eo
ia o?iooa?a?”
Oeaeue i?ia?aiiu yooaeoeaiiai eieaeaea – ioithaeue ia nicaeaiea yeeoiiai
ia?aca. Aai iaiaoiaeeii ooaa?aeeoue naay e naie oiaa? ia ii?aaeaeaiiii
naaiaioa ?uiea. *anu “Iie?o” Ia?aiai iineianeiai /aniaiai caaiaea iaei
/ai ioee/athony io, iai?eia?, “Rolex”.
I?inoi /anu “Iie?o” iiceoeeiie?othony aeey n?aaeiaai eeanna e oii? a
?aeeaia aeaeaaony ia iaae?aeiinoue e nia?aiaiiue aeecaei. Anee aea au
aniiiieoa ?aeeaio “Rolex”, a eioi?ie anaaaea i?enoonoaotho ae?aaioeaiiua
eaiie, cieioi e aeaiueae, oi noaiiaeony yniui, /oi ?aeeaiiua eiiiaiee
yoeo oaeeo ?aciuo i?iecaiaeeoaeae ia?o/iuo /ania iaoeaeaia ia ?acee/iua
naaiaiou ?uiea. Eiinoeueoaio ii ?aeeaia iiaeao eniieueciaaoue i?eioeeiu
nicaeaiey yooaeoeaiiai eieaeaea aeey oiai, /oiau i?iaeoeo iiiae ia ?uiie
iieoiaoaeae ni n?aaeiei aeioiaeii (“Iie?o”) eee n aunieei aeioiaeii
(“Rolex”). A iaieo neo/ayo yeaiaiou iino?iaiey eieaeaea iaeeiaeiau,
iaeiaei naie nicaeaaaaiua ia?acu ea?aeeiaeueii ?acee/athony.
Au iiaeaoa iiaeoiaoue: “Iiy eiiiaiey ia ianoieueei aaeeea, /oiau
aeoiaoue ia aa eieaeaea. ss aua ia “Rolex” ia “IBM” aea e aeaaea ia
“Iie?o”. ss aio iiaeiaeaeo, iiea iu au?anoai, a iioii iiaeoiath e ia
eieaeaea”. Ana iu yoi oaea i?ioiaeeee e iiiai ?ac. Ii i?iaeaia eae ?ac a
oii e ninoieo, /oi iieiaeeoaeueiue eieaeae iaiaoiaeei i?aaeaea anaai
iaaieueoei eiiiaieyi e i?aaei?eieiaoaeyi, oieueei ioe?uaathuei
nianoaaiiia aeaei. Eae aeey e?oiiuo eiiiaiee, oae e aeey
eiaeeaeaeoaeueiuo i?aaei?eieiaoaeae aaaeii ia?aia aia/aoeaiea i ieo
iieoiaoaey. Eieaeae, eioi?ue ?ac?aaaouaaaony a ia?aua aeie nicaeaiey
iiaie eiiiaiee, a cia/eoaeueiie noaiaie ii?aaeaeyao aa ?aiooaoeeth ia
ia?niaeoeao. I?aaenoaaueoa, /oi Au neo/aeii noieeioeanue n iaeiciaeiiui
/aeiaaeii, e i?e ano?a/a ii ia?aui aeaeii naeaeae Aai eiiieeiaio. Eae au
aeoiaaoa, iiiiaei ee aio yoi i?e oi?ie?iaaiee aai eieaeaea a Aaoeo
aeacao? Eiia/ii. E a aeaeueiaeoai, i?e oneiaee, /oi ii ia eciaiee naiaai
ioiioaiey e Aai, iiaeii auoue oaa?aiiui, aai iieiaeeoaeueiue eieaeae
oieueei oe?aieyeny au.
Noieo iio/eoueny o i?iecaiaeeoaeae ei?ia aeey eioae “Aenean” oae oe?iei
?aeeaie?oaiiai ii iaoaio oaeaaeaeaieth. Aai (oai?aoe/anee) iiaeao
auioneaoue ethaay eiiiaiey. Nouanoaotho aeanyoee i?iecaiaeeoaeae
?acee/iuo ei?iia, e ana iie ai?thony ca eaaeaeoth eiiaeeo ec eioaeueea
ethaeoaeae aeiiaoieo aeeaioiuo. Ioee/ea i?iecaiaeeoaey “Aenean” io
inoaeueiuo eiiiaiee caeeth/aaony a oii, /oi yoa eiiiaiey naia
“auaeieaeea” iiaoth eiaeeaeaeoaeueioth ieoo ia ?uiea. Iia i?iecaiaeeo ia
i?inoi ei?i, a /oi-oi a?iaea aeaeeeaoania aeey eioae. Ioee/athony ee iie
/ai-oi io inoaeueiuo ei?iia? Eoi ciaao. Ni?ineoa ia yoii o naiae eioee
(ii eiaaea niio?eoue ?aeeaio, ee/ii o iaiy aicieeaao aeaeaiea noaoue
eioeie e iii?iaiaaoue /oi aea an?-oaee yoi ca aeaeeeaoanu oaeea).
Iaiaoiaeeii caiiiieoue eeoue oi, /oi nicaeaiea aa?iiai eieaeaea iiiiaaao
iieoiaoaeth aini?eieiaoue aao oiaa? eae ia/oi ioee/iia io ae?oaeo
aiaeiae/iuo i?iaeoeoia, ia/oi eo/oaa. A oaia?ue, eae auaiae, neaaeoao
iaeei ec niaaoia, eioi?ua i?iua aeaoue, /ai auiieieoue: “Ia caoyaeaaeoa
?aaioo iaae eieaeaeai. ?aaioa ii nicaeaieth eieaeaea ia ciaao ia?a?uaia.
Anee au ea?aaoa a eieaeae, iiiieoa, /oi aai ia oaeanony ioneaeaoueny ia
neaiaeea caianiuo”.
Aeaaa 1
Yoaiu nicaeaiey eieaeaea
N /aai ia/eiaaony nicaeaiea eieaeaea
Anee iaa?aaea ca iiaaaeo oae aaeeea, oi ii/aio auea?uaatho eeoue
iaiiiaea? A iioiio, /oi iiaaaeeoue o?oaeii. I?iua anaai ioianoe aeaiueae
a ?aeeaiiia aaaionoai e aeaeaoue iiaaaeu. Naiui o?oaeiui eae ?ac e
yaeyaony ii?aaeaeaiea noaiaea?oia niaa?oainoaa, ?ac?aaioea ananoi?iiiaai
ieaia ii nicaeaieth eieaeaea e auiieiaiea aai a ii?aaeaeaiiua n?iee.
Au ia ioeaeenue, eiaiii ieaia, eai, anee au aeoiaaoa, /oi
iieiaeeoaeueiue, i?eaueueiue e i?eaeaeathuee aieiaiea eieaeae a
o?aaeeoeeiiiii iiieiaiee (nicaeaaaaiue /a?ac ?aeeaio, n?aaenoaaie naycae
n iauanoaaiiinoueth e o.ae.) iiaeao nai ii naaa eciaieoue ea/anoai
aaoaai oiaa?a, oneoa, nei?aa anaai, au ioeaaaoanue. Aeaaea anee yoi e
neo/eony naii ii naaa, oi caeiao aiaeu. No?aoaaey ii iino?iaieth
eieaeaea iiaeao nie?aoeoue yoio n?ie iaiieiaeio.
Ca/ai iai ioaeai ieai?
Au iiaeaoa caaeaoue naaa aii?in: “A aeaenoaeoaeueii ee iaiaoiaeei ieai
ii nicaeaieth eieaeaea?” Iiiaea eiiiaiee nicaeaee naie eieaeae,
i?eaeoiaa oaea/iia iacaaiea e aeaaec, i?iaaaey niioaaonoaothuoth
?aeeaiioth eaiiaieth eee au? /oi-ieaoaeue iiaeiaiia. Iaeioi?ua
ei?ii?aoeee ?acaeaatho eieaeae a 4-5 iaeanoyo (iai?eia?, “Aeyo”, y ee/ii
aei neo ii? ieeae ia iiao iiiyoue, /oi aea an?-oaee auioneaao eiiiaiey:
neiai?iaeee, aeiiaoithth oaoieeo, yeaeo?iieeo eee aaoiiiaeee). Iiyoiio,
iiaeii, eae iia eaaeaony, niaei ooaa?aeaeaoue, /oi neeoeii iiiai
yeaiaioia eieaeaea iiaoo i?eianoe aieueoa a?aaea, /ai iieiia eo
ionoonoaea. Oaioe/iay eaiiaiey ii oi?ie?iaaieth eieaeaea nicaeaao o
ioaeeee i?ioeai?a/eaia i?aaenoaaeaiea i oe?ia, eiaaea iaiaaeaea?u
ooaa?aeaeatho iaeii, a ethaee aeaeyo niaa?oaiii ae?oaia. A ?acoeueoaoa
Au ?eneoaoa iaaeieai iioa?youe aeiaa?ea iieoiaoaeae. Ioiineoaeueii iaoae
eiiiaiee (au ia caauee i iae?) – yoi au?aceeinue a neaaeothuai. A
ia/aeueiua yoaiu noaiiaeaiey aeciana auee ouny/e iiiaioia, eneooaaoeo
nio?oaeieeia oe?iu a iiaiia ca auno?ie i?eaueueth ioeeiieoueny io iauae
iennee eiiiaiee e “e?ooaiooue” ia?o aaaiiia iaoaeea, eana eee
/aai-ieaoaeue oai au?, eniieuecoy i?e yoii nayce ni noa?uie eeeaioaie.
Ii an? aea /ue?-oi cae?aaia iuoeaiea i?aiaeaaeaei, iioiio /oi auei
?aoaii, /oi oaeie iiaeoiae oioy iiaeao e i?eianoe nethiiiaioioth
auaiaeo, ii ia?a/ao eiiiaieth inoaoueny aac aoaeouaai, eai ii aiieia
iiiyoiui i?e/eiai iiaei?a?o aeiaa?ea e iae iinoiyiiuo eeeaioia. A
?acoeueoaoa eiiiaiey i?eia?aea ?aiooaoeeth oi?ioaai ia?oi??a, oae eae
oi, /oi ooaa?aeaeaee ?oeiaiaeeoaee eiiiaiee ia ?anoiaeeeinue n eo
aeaenoaeoaeueiuie iinooieaie e iinooieaie eo iiae/ei?iiuo.
Eee aio, i?aaeiieiaeei, /oi aeiioaoe/aneay aaeaeiiiaiey oieueei /oi
aeiaeeea ia?iiioth noiio aeaiaa a ?aeeaiioth eaiiaieth, iniiaaiioth ia
aeaaeca: “Iu – aaoe ae?ocuey a iaaa”. Ii ieeoi ec ?oeiaiaenoaa ia
icaaioeeny iciaeiieaieai nio?oaeieeia n iiaie ei?ii?aoeaiie oeeinioeae,
iaaeaeo ?aeeaiiui eicoiaii e oai, eae ia naiii aeaea ianeoaeeaathony
iannaaee?u, ia?aciauaaaony ?ac?ua. A eiioea eiioeia, eeeaiou
aaeaeiiiaiee i?eoiaeyo e auaiaeo, /oi eo iii?inoo iaaeoee e ioaa?ioony
io yoie eiiiaiee.
?acoeueoaoii ?aaeecaoeee iaaei?aaioaiiiai ieaia ii nicaeaieth eieaeaea
iiaeao noaoue iaaaoeaiia ioiioaiea iieoiaoaeae e aaoae eiiiaiee. Aeey
oiai /oiau cano?aoiaaoue naay io iiaeiaiiai ?acaeoey niauoee, au
aeieaeiu aeeth/eoue a i?ioeann iino?iaiey eieaeaea ana eiiiiiaiou ieaia
ii eieaeaeo, a ia i?inoi 2-3 aai yeaiaioa, eioi?ua Aai aieueoa anao
iii?aaeeenue eee ia eioi?ua o Aan anoue aeaiueae.
Yeaiaiou ieaia ii nicaeaieth eieaeaea
Ieai ii nicaeaieth eieaeaea ninoieo ec 4 iniiaiuo /anoae:
•nicaeaiey ooiaeaiaioa,
•aiaoiaai eieaeaea,
•aioo?aiiaai eieaeaea,
•iainycaaiiai eieaeaea.
Aio eae i?eaeeceoaeueii iiaeii ii?aaeaeeoue yoe iiiyoey
Inycaaiue eieaeae. Oi, /oi iieoiaoaeue iiaeao oaeaeaoue, iiithoaoue,
oneuoaoue, iio?iaaoue e iii?iaiaaoue, oi anoue, ii nooe aeaea oiaa? eee
i?iaeoeoeey eiiiaiee. Iainycaaiue eieaeae. Ioaaoiay ?aaeoeey iieoiaoaey
ia inycaaiia, ia ianeoaeeaaiea e ioiioaiea e iaio nio?oaeieeia eiiiaiee,
na?aen.
Aioo?aiiee eieaeae. Aoiinoa?a aioo?e eiiiaiee, iiceoeaiia e iaaaoeaiia
ioiioaiea nio?oaeieeia e ?oeiaiaeeoaeyi e iieeoeea eiiiaiee, eioi?ay
au?aaeaaony i?aaeaea anaai a noaiaie i?aaeaiiinoe nio?oaeieeia naiae
oe?ia.
Aiaoiee eieaeae. Aicaeaenoaea ia?auo o?ao oaeoi?ia iethn iauanoaaiiia
iiaiea i eaiiaiee, oi?ie?oaiia ?aeeaiiie eaiiaieae, ea/anoaii
i?iaeoeoeee, naycyie ni n?aaenoaaie ianniaie eioi?iaoeee e iauanoaaiiie
?aaioie. Eae aeaeii eieaeae a o?aaeeoeeiiiii iiieiaiee anoue oieueei
iaeia /aoa??oay aai /anoue, iacuaaaiay aiaoiei eieaeaeai.
Eaaeaeay ec /anoae iai?aaeaia ia aeinoeaeaiea 3 aeaaiuo caaea/:
1. Aeinoeaeaiea aunieiai o?iaiy eiiiaoaioeee e yooaeoeaiay ?aaioa n
iieoiaoaeai.
2. Iiaeaea?aeaiea eieaeaea oniaoiie eiiiaiee, eioi?ue canoaaeyao
iieoiaoaey iiaa?eoue a aan.
3. Onoaiiaeaiea yiioeeiiaeueiie nayce n iieoiaoaeai e iauanoaii.
Aeey eaaeaeiai yeaiaioa ieaia ii nicaeaieth eieaeaea iiaeii auaeaeeoue
naie eeth/aaua iiiaiou. Aio eae iai?eia?, aeaeaao yoi Aiaae Aeaee [1]:
1. Caeeaaeea ooiaeaiaioa
2. Aiaoiee eieaeae
•Ea/anoai i?iaeoeoa
•Inycaaiue eieaeae – aicaeaenoaea ia iyoue /oanoa
•?aeeaia
•Iauanoaaiiay aeayoaeueiinoue
•Nayce ni n?aaenoaaie ianniaie eioi?iaoeee
•Nayce n eiaanoi?aie
•Ioiioaiea ia?niiaea e ?aaioa e aai aiaoiee aeae
3. Aioo?aiiee eieaeae
•Oeiainiaia ieaie?iaaiea
•Eaae?iaay iieeoeea eiiiaiee
•I?eaioaoeey e o?aieiaa nio?oaeieeia
•I?ia?aiia iiiu?aiey nio?oaeieeia
4. Iainycaaiue eieaeae
•Aicaeaenoaea ia “ss” iieoiaoaey
•Naiieieaeae iieoiaoaey
Iaeioi?ua ec yeaiaioia ieaia aeinoaoi/ii i/aaeaeiu – iai?eia?, inycaaiue
eieaeae eiiiaiee eee oiaa?a: iacaaiea, aeaaec e ciae. Iaeiaei ia iaiaa
aaaeiu ae?oaea oaeoi?u, eioi?ua /anoi oioneathony ec aeaeo. E i?eia?o,
?ac?aaioea oeeinioee eiiiaiee. Auooao iiaiea, /oi oeeinioey e iieeoeea
eiiiaiee i?eaeoo eae au naie niaie a oa/aiea a?aiaie. Ii aeaiiia
ooaa?aeaeaiea a?yae ee ?aaioaao a nia?aiaiiuo oneiaeyo. Yoi eoioeu
No?iaaiiau iiaee naaa iicaieeoue ia ia?auaoue aieiaiey ia nicaeaiea
eaeie-eeai yooaeoeaiie oeeinioee ooieoeeiie?iaaiey naiaai aeciana. A
nia?aiaiiuo aea oneiaeyo, ii iiaio iiaieth, ia?aui aeaeii
i?aaei?eieiaoaeue aeieaeai oaeaeyoue aieiaiea ?ac?aaioea iieeoeee
iiaaaeaiey eiiiaiee ia ?uiea, nicaeaaaoue e iiaeaea?aeeaaoue ienneth
naiaai i?aaei?eyoey. Aieaa oiai, yoi iaiaoiaeeii aeaeaoue ia oieueei
iioiio, /oi eieaeae auoaeaao ec i?eioeeiia aioo?ei?aaiecaoeeiiiie
eoeueoo?u e oeeinioee, ii e iioiio /oi io iineaaeiae caaenyo oaeea
aeeciaiii aaaeiua i?ioeannu ?acaeoey eiiiaiee eae no?aoaaey, iai?aaeaiey
?acaeoey e niaa?oainoaiaaiey. Eoae, oeeinioey e aeaaec, eioi?ue
?iaeaeaaony ec iaa, neoaeao iniiaie iino?iaiey ieaia oi?ie?iaaiey
eieaeaea.
Aeaaec “Iaaeeii” – “A?aiy – aeaiueae” iineoaeee iniiaie aeey ?ac?aaioee
oaeeo iieiaeaiee ei?ii?aoeaiie iieeoeee, eae iaiaoiaeeiinoe
ianeoaeeaaiey eeeaioia a e?ao/aeoea n?iee, iinoiyiiia no?aieaiea
iioeiecaoeee ?aai/aai a?aiaie, oiaiueoaiea i?iaeieaeeoaeueiinoe
?ac?aaioee i?iaeoia e o.ae. Ec anao yoeo yeaiaioia, eaiooae ca eaiooeii
a aeaeueiaeoai e neeaaeuaaeny eieaeae eiiiaiee.
E ae?oaei aaaeiui /anoyi ieaia ii eieaeaeo, eioi?uie /anoi
i?aiaa?aaatho, ioiinyony yeaiaiou aioo?aiiaai eieaeaea, e i?aaeaea anaai
iiaaaeaiea ia?niiaea e aai ioiioaiea e ?aaioa. Oa?aeoa?iui i?eia?ii
caeanue yaeyaony ianeoaeeaaiea eeeaioia a iinoniaaoneeo i?aaiecaoeeyo
(iai?eia?, iaaaceiao), eioi?ua au? ia iieiinoueth ia?aoee ia ?uii/iua
?aeuenu. ?oeiaiaeeoaee oaeeo i?aaiecaoeee ia niiaee iiiyoue, /oi iie
aeieaeiu iiiaiyoue ia oieueei iacaaiea, ii e anth nenoaio ?aaiou, eiaaea
eiaiii eeeaio e aai aeaeaiey aeieaeiu aueoe ia ia?aue ?yae. Auiieiaiea
yoie /anoe ieaia ii nicaeaieth eieaeaea aeieaeii i?aaeoniao?eaaoue
iiauoaiea ii?aeueiiai iano?iy nio?oaeieeia. I?e nicaeaiee aioo?aiiaai
eieaeaea eiiiaiee iao iaei/ae, nouanoaaiii aaaeii ana, ia/eiay io
aiciiaeiinoae ea?uea?iiai ?inoa nio?oaeieeia e caeai/eaay i?ia?aiiaie eo
iiiu?aiey.
A oaia?ue aeaaaeoa e?aoei iiciaeiieiny n eaaeaeie ec /aou?ao iniiaiuo
/anoae ieaia – ooiaeaiaioii, aiaoiei eieaeaeai, aioo?aiiei eieaeaeai e
iainycaaiui eieaeaeai.
Ooiaeaiaio eieaeaea
Ia?aue oaa a auiieiaiee ieaia ii nicaeaieth eieaeaea – caeeaaeea aai
ooiaeaiaioa: ii?aaeaeaiea oeaiiinoae, oeaeae, i?eioeeiia e oeeinioee, ia
eioi?uo aoaeao iieieoueny ana caeaiea ieaia. Aac iiaeaea?aeee i?i/iuie
aaeeaie, cae?aieaiiuie a iaaeaaeiii ooiaeaiaioa, ieai ia?a/ai ia
iaoaea/o. Aac ooiaeaiaioa ana inoaeueiia ia eiaao niunea. *oiau caeaiea
auaea?aeaei neeueiia caieao?ynaiea, iii aeieaeii ninoaaeyoue ia?ac?uaiia
oeaeia n i?i/iui ooiaeaiaioii. *oiau auaeeoue a naiuo o?oaeiuo
neooaoeeyo, aecian, ei?ii?aoeey, no?aia aeieaeiu iieieoueny ia
iaaeaaeiii iniiaaiee. Oae /oi aea oaeia “ninoaaeyoue ia?ac?uaiia oeaeia
n i?i/iui ooiaeaiaioii”? Yoi cia/eo, /oi, eiaaea a aaoai aeciana
ianoaiao /a?iay iieina eee au iieo/eoa iaaaoeaiua iocuau i naaa a
i?anna, o aan inoaioony oainu ia auaeeaaiea. Ec /aai aeieaeai ninoiyoue
ooiaeaiaio oniaoiiai aeciana? Oae aea eae aeey ooiaeaiaioa caeaiey
nouanoaotho naie niaoeeoe/aneea o?aaiaaiey, oae e aeey iino?iaiey
ooiaeaiaioa oniaoiiai aeciana o?aaothony iniaua eia?aaeeaiou. Aio iie:
1. I?eioeeiu.
2. Iieiaeaiea i oeaee nicaeaiey eiiiaiee.
3. Ei?ii?aoeaiay oeeinioey.
4. Aeieain?i/iua oeaee eiiiaiee.
5. Noaiaea?ou.
I?aiaa?aaeaiea yoeie iyoueth ninoaaeythueie icia/aao oieueei iaeii –
iaecaaaeiia e?ooaiea. Anee au aeaenoaeoaeueii oioeoa iino?ieoue
iieiaeeoaeueiue eieaeae aaoaai aeciana, au aeieaeiu iniciaoue naienoaa
no?ie oaeueiuo iaoa?eaeia, eniieuecoaiuo i?e caeeaaeea ooiaeaiaioa,
?acaeoue eo, eniieueciaaoue e o?aieoue ei aa?iinoue, oioy iiaeii ni
a?aiaiai eo ianeieueei iiaeeoeoee?iaaoue
Oaa ia?aue. Ii?aeueiua i?eioeeiu
Aaoe i?eioeeiu – e?aaoaieueiue eaiaiue ooiaeaiaioa, iaeiaei eiaiii eo
iaeaieaa /anoi oioneatho ec aeaeo. Anee i?iaiaeece?iaaoue i?e/eiu
e?ooaiee e?oiiaeoeo eiiiaiee, iu iaia?oaeei, /oi iie e?ithony a
yoe/aneeo e ii?aeueiuo ioeaeao. Ii?aaeaeeoanue, /aio au aa?eoa e ai /oi
au aa?eoa. Iiaeoiaeoa, ca /oi aioiau iinoiyoue. *oiau iiii/ue naaa a
ii?aaeaeaiee i?eioeeiia, iaieoeoa ia eenoa aoiaae iaeneio, io eioi?ie au
ia ionooieoanue ieeiaaea a aeecie. A iioii /aoei eceiaeeoa ia aoiaaa
naia ii?aaeaeaiea /aeiaaea n i?eioeeiaie. *aeiaae, oaa?aei iie?athueeny
ia ii?aeueiua onoie, ioae?. Ia iaiaa ioae?a e eiiiaiey, eioi?ay a
ninoiyiee ii?aaeaeeoue eo aeey naay. Eiaaea aaoe i?eioeeiu /aoei
noi?ioee?iaaiu, au /oanoaoaoa iaeoth caaa?oaiiinoue. Iaiyaony aeeciue,
ii i?eioeeiu inoathony oaie aea. Ii?aaeaeaiea i?eioeeiia ia aoiaaa
iiiiaeao aai e aaoei nio?oaeieeai iiiyoue, /oi iaiaoiaeeii aeaeaoue,
noaeeeaaynue n eaaeaeiaeiaaiuie i?iaeaiaie eee iaiaeeaeaiiui e?ecenii.
Iai?eia?, n?aaee i?eioeeiia eiiiaiee “Iaaeeii” oaeea eae:
•i?eaioaoeey i?aaeaea anaai ia ioa/anoaaiiiai i?iecaiaeeoaey;
•iieiay /anoiinoue a ioiioaieyo n eeeaioii;
•i?ic?a/iinoue oeiainia aeey ainoaea?noaaiiuo iaeiaiauo i?aaiia;
•caaioa i?aaeaea anaai i ea/anoaa i?iaeoeoeee e ae?.
Oaa aoi?ie. Iieiaeaiea i oeaee nicaeaiey eiiiaiee
Iieiaeaiea i oeaee ii?aaeaeyao aaoe iaycaiiinoe. Iii i?eaioe?oao aan ia
auiieiaiea iaauaiiuo oneoa, ia auiieiaiea ii?aaeaeaiiie caaea/e eee
ii?o/aiey. Iieiaeaiea i oeaee – aaoa aioo?aiiyy aeaeaeouay neea. Iii –
eae iaye, eioi?ue iai?aaeyao aan e inaauaao aao iooue.
1. Ia aoaeueoa iioiaee ia ae?oaeo. Ouny/e e ouny/e eiiiaiee iiaoo
?ac?aaioaoue aiaeiae/iia iieiaeaiea. Iinoa?aeoanue auoue iaiioiaeeie ia
ae?oaeo. Aaoa iieiaeaiea aeieaeii io?aaeaoue iai?aaeaiea, oeaeue e
eiia/iue ?acoeueoao.
2. Ionoue oeaee aaeioiiaeytho. Iieiaeaiea i oeaee aeieaeii aaeioiiaeyoue
aaoeo nio?oaeieeia. Iaiaoiaeeii, /oiau iii io?aaeaei aaoe eaeaaeu a
noa?a aeciana e noaiaea?ou ioee/iiai ianeoaeeaaiey. Eiaaea au
?ac?aaioaaoa eiioeaioeeth eiiiaiee e aa oeaee, no?aieoanue aeinoe/ue
niaa?oainoaa. Oieueei oaeie aeaaec iiaeao aaeioiiaeoue ae?oaeo ethaeae.
3. Iieiaeaiea aeieaeii auoue oi/iui e /anoiui. Ia aeeth/aeoa a
iieiaeaiea oiai, /aai ia iiaeaoa i?aaeinoaaeoue naiei eeeaioai. Anee au
aioiaeoa iieiaeaiea ia ianeoaeeaaiee iieoiaoaeae, iaaeaynue aaeioiiaeoue
naieo nio?oaeieeia, ii i?e yoii ?oeiaiaeeoaeae eiiiaiee eioa?anotho
oieueei aeaiiua i i?eauee e oauoeao, aaoa iieiaeaiea i oeaeyo eiiiaiee
aoaeao anaai-iaanaai eeoeaia?iie iiaeaeaeeie.
4. Eceiaeeoa a iai eiioeaioeeth eiiiaiee. Ciaiea nio?oaeieeaie
eiioeaioeee aaoae eiiiaiee aeano ei iieiia i?aaenoaaeaiea i aaoeo
oeaeyo. Eae y, nio?oaeiee eiiiaiee, iiao iiii/ue aai aeia?aoueny aei
ioieoa iacia/aiey, anee y aeaaea ia ciath, eoaea iu ana aeaeaeainy?
5. Nin?aaeioi/ueoanue ia ioaeaeao ethaeae. Eaeaaeueiia iieiaeaiea
anaaaea aeieaeii /aoei e i?yii io?aaeaoue oi, /oi i?iaeoeoeey e oneoae
eiiiaiee i?aaeiacia/aiu i?aaeaea anaai aeey /aeiaa/aneeo ioaeae. Oa
eiiiaiee, eioi?ua no?aiyony oieueei aeaeaoue aeaiueae eee noaoue
e?oiiaeoeie a naiae io?anee, a eiioea eiioeia oa?ytho eieaeae e
?acaaeeaathony. A iieiaeaiee i oeaeyo eiiiaiee aeieaeiu auoue /aoei
ii?aaeaeaiu iio?aaiinoe aaoeo iieoiaoaeae, eioi?ua au i?ecaaiu
oaeiaeaoai?eoue.
Oaa o?aoee. Ee/iay e aeaeiaay oeeinioey
O?aoee eaiaiue aaoaai ooiaeaiaioa – oeeinioey eiiiaiee. ?ac?aaioaeoa
ei?ii?aoeaioth oeeinioeth, enoiaey ec ia?auo aeaoo yeaiaioia ooiaeaiaioa
– i?eioeeiia e iieiaeaiey i oeaeyo nicaeaiey eiiiaiee. Noieo iiieiaoue,
/ai oeeinioey eiiiaiee ioee/aaony io ieo. Iaiauaiey a?iaea “Iu caaioeiny
i aan” eee “Iieoiaoaeue i?aaeaea anaai” ?aaeei aaeioiiaeytho
nio?oaeieeia eiiiaiee. Iie oioyo, e ei iaiaoiaeeii ciaoue, /oi ioee/aao
eo eiiiaieth io inoaeueiuo. E i?eia?o, o?aca “I?ia?ann – iaoa
o?aaeeoeey” iiaeao noaoue iaieioei ?aeeaiiui eicoiaii, ii ieeae ia
ei?ii?aoeaiie oeeinioeae. N?aaieoa aa n aeaaecii Oieoa Aeeniay “Iu
aeaeaai ethaeae n/anoeeauie”. Ii /aoei iauyniyao nio?oaeieeai eiiiaiee,
a /ai caeeth/aaony eo ?aaioa n oi/ee c?aiey ei?ii?aoeaiiai eieaeaea.
Aeaeaeoa ethaeae n/anoeeauie e au.
E niaeaeaieth, nei?aa ia eneeth/aiea, a i?aaeei oi, /oi aeaaea aunoea
?oeiaiaeeoaee ei?ii?aoeee ia eiatho i?aaenoaaeaiea i oii, eaeiaa
oeeinioey eiiiaiee. Eiaiii aeey oiai, /oiau iniciaoue, eaeeie
oeaiiinoyie ?oeiaiaenoaoaony eiiiaiey e /aai iia oi/ao aeinoe/ue,
iaiaoiaeeia ?ac?aaioea oeeinioee oe?iu.
Anee au i?eaea?aeeaaaoanue oeeinioee “Iu no?iei oieueei eo/oaa”, au
iaycaiu iieoiaoue oieueei eo/oea no?ieoaeueiua iaoa?eaeu, a i?ioeaiii
neo/aa aao eieaeae ?ac?ooaaony ecioo?e. “Iu no?iei oieueei eo/oaa” ia
oieueei aaeeeieaiiay iioeae?iaea aeey nio?oaeieeia eiiiaiee, ii ioee/iue
?aeeaiiue eicoia. Iai?eia?, ai a?aiy ?aaiou n Ice Capads a?oiiu
eiinoeueoaioia ii ?ac?aaioea eieaeaea auei iaia?oaeaii, /oi o eiiiaiee
aicieeee i?iaeaiu a i?aaiecaoeee caiyoee n aeaoueie, eioi?ua o/aony
eaoaieth ia eiiueeao. O?aia?u noa?aeenue, /oiau eaaeaeue ?aaaiie,
eioi?ue oai caieiaeny, ia?aaeaeaaeny ii eueaeo i?aaeeueii e oaoie/ii. A
eiioea eiioeia i?e iiiiue ei?ii?aoeaiie oeeinioee aue nicaeaee aeaaec,
ia eioi?ii aeieaeai aue no?ieoueny aanue eieaeae eiiiaiee – “Iu
?acaeaeaai aan”. I?aiiaeaaaoaeae niaoeeaeueii iao/aee oiio, /oiau ai
a?aiy caiyoee iie iiiiaaee aeaoyi ioaeuoaoue e caaaaeyoueny. Oiaaoea
auei aeioiaeu eiiiaiee niiaa ia/aee ?anoe. Aeaaec “Aaeeinoaaiiay
?acieoea iaaeaeo iaie e ninaaeiei iaaaceiii – a oii, eae iu ianeoaeeaaai
iieoiaoaey” iiaeiye naoue iaaaceiia ?icie/iie oi?aiaee Nordstrom ia
iiaue o?iaaiue ianeoaeeaaiey iieoiaoaey.
Oaa /aoaa?oue. Oeaee
Au aeieaeiu, oi/ii ciaoue, eoaea au aeaeaeaoanue a naiai aeciana e /aai
oioeoa aeinoeaiooue. Anee au ciaaoa eiia/ioth oeaeue, iaiaa aaaeiua
aii?inu aoaeoo ?aoaoueny aaoiiaoe/anee. I?aaeiieiaeei, au iaoiaeeoanue
ia na?aaeeia iooe ec Iineau a Naieo-Iaoa?ao?a e aiacaiii ?aoaaoa
caaoaoue a ss?ineaaeue. Anee aai iaiaoiaeeii iiianoue eiaiii a Ieoa?, oi
iiacaeeo a ss?ineaaeue i?eaeaony ioeiaeeoue, eai yoio ai?iae iaoiaeeony
neeoeii aeaeaei io aaoae eiia/iie oeaee.
Ia?aae oai eae ia?aeoe ia auione iiaie i?iaeoeoeee eee oneoae, au
aeieaeiu caaeaoue naaa aii?in: “A iiiiaoo ee iie iia i?iaeaeiooueny e
iiae oeaee?” Anee au iieo/eee io?eoeaoaeueiue ioaao, iiiieoa, /oi au
?eneoaoa caaeoaeeoueny. Onoaiiaea /aoeea oeaee, au aoaeaoa ciaoue, /oi
aeaeaeaoanue a i?aaeeueiii iai?aaeaiee, e auno?aa auiieieoa iinoaaeaiiua
caaea/e.
N?aaee oeaeae “iaoae” eiiiaiee iiaeii auaeaeeoue:
•aeaeaiea i?i/ii cae?aieoueny ia nai?i naaiaioa ?uiea,
•oi?i/eoue nayce n iinoiyiiuie eeeaioaie;
•no?aieaiea e niaa?oainoaiaaieth anni?oeiaioa e ?aciiia?acey
i?aaeinoaaeyaiuo oneoa;
•eco/aoue aeonu iio?aaeoaeae e neaaeiaaoue ei.
Oaa iyoue. Noaiaea?ou iiaaaeaiey e aiaoiaai aeaea
Ienueiaiiia eceiaeaiea i?eiyouo a eiiiaiee noaiaea?oia – iineaaeiee
ee?ie/ a ooiaeaiaioa eieaeaea. Noaiaea?ou ii?aaeaeytho aeaenoaey,
ioaa/athuea aaoae oeeinioee, oeaeyi e i?eioeeiai. Noaiaea?ou –
eino?oiaiou a ?oeao aaoeo nio?oaeieeia, eioi?uie iie iiaeaea?aeeaatho
eieaeae eiiiaiee a aeacao iauanoaa.
Ii?aaeaeyy noaiaea?ou, ?anniio?eoa ana aii?inu iiaaaeaiey nio?oaeieeia e
eo aiaoiaai aeaea, eioi?ua iiaoo iiaeeyoue ia eieaeae. Iiiieoa, /oi
cae?aaue niune – eneeth/aiea ec i?aaeea. Ianeieueei eao iacaae iinea
i?iaaaeaiey nia?aiey aeey ?eyeoa?ia ioaeaeaiey e?oiiiai aaaionoaa ii
iaaeaeaeeiinoe aee?aeoi? i?eaeanee iaeiiai ec eiinoeueoaioia iiiaaaeaoue
aianoa n nio?oaeieeaie ?aaeiiaeueiiai ioena. Iie ioi?aaeeenue a ?anoi?ai
n?aco aea iinea nia?aiey, e iiyoiio ana auee a aeaeiauo einothiao. Iinea
nia?aiey, eioi?ia auei iinayuaii iioeaaoeee nio?oaeieeia, o aai
o/anoieeia auei i?eiiaeiyoia iano?iaiea, e iie caeacaee oaiiaineia.
Iaeiaei eaaeeie iaieoeaie aeaei ia ia?aie/eeinue, ?acaiai?u, oooee
noaiiaeeenue ana a?ii/a, e anei?a aanue i?ioanneiiaeeci aue caauo.
Iaaeiaieuenoai oicyaa ?anoi?aia an? ?inei e a eiioea eiioeia aeaei
caeii/eeinue oai, /oi eieaeae i?aoniaaathuae ?eyeoa?neie eiiiaiee aue
caiyoiai ca iaeei aa/a?.
?ac?aaaouaay noaiaea?ou, o/eouaaeoa ana aniaeou, eioi?ua iiaoo oioue
eae-oi iiaeeyoue ia eieaeae eiiiaiee. Anee nio?oaeieee a ia?aai/aa a?aiy
iinyo oieoi?io eiiiaiee, yiaeaiu eee cia/ee n aa iacaaieai eee aeaaecii,
eo iiaaaeaiea aeieaeii niioaaonoaiaaoue onoaiiaeaiiui noaiaea?oai.
Enoeiiue i?ioanneiiae ociaaony ii, oiio, eae ii aaaeao naay aia noai
eiiiaiee, aeoiay, /oi aai ieeoi aai ia aeaeeo.
I?ioeui eaoii y ?aaioae ii i?ia?aiia nooaeai/aneiai iaiaia ia
auno?ioiaeiii iannaaee?neii eaoaia?aia iaeiie ec o?ainii?oiuo eiiiaiee
Aaeeeeo ic?? a NOA. Eae e anai /eaiai yeeiaaea iia auea auaeaia
oieoi?ia, iaiiieiaaoay oi?io ii?neeo eaaeaoia NOA, a aianoa n iae
aieueoay ia/ea aoiaae, caaieiaie eioi?ie aeanee “Iieeoeea eiiiaiee”.
Iaeii ec a? iieiaeaiee no?iai iano?iai cai?auaei ?aaioieeai eiiiaiee,
iineaoei oieoi?io eo?eoue, iinauaoue aa?u e iieoiaoue a noia?ia?eaoao
aeeiaieue. Oaeei ia?acii eiiiaiey caaioeeanue i oii, /oiau e aia
?aai/aai a?aiaie nio?oaeieee iiaeaea?aeeaaee eieaeae eiiiaiee a aeacao
ie?oaeathueo – iioaioeeaeueiuo a? eeeaioia. E oaeie iiaeoiae ia
eneeth/aiea, a i?aaeei.
Iaeiaaeaeu aaoi?o eieae “Eieaeae oe?iu. Ieaie?iaaiea. Oi?ie?iaaiea.
I?iaeaeaeaiea” Aiaae Aeaee iicaiieee ec ei?ii?aoeee A. L.Williams
Corporation. Aio eae iia iienuaaao aeaiioth neooaoeeth. “Caiieaoee
i?aaenoaaeeny iaiaaeaea?ii e neacae, /oi oioae au i?aaeeiaeeoue iia
i?iaanoe o ieo eaeoeee. Ii ?acaiai?o y iiiyea, /oi ii aeaenoaeoaeueii
aue caeioa?aniaai a oii, /oiau y o?e ?aca a iaaeaeth i?iaiaeeea
o?aieiae. ss ioaaoeea, /oi, aia caaeneiinoe io n?iea, iio?aaoth iieaoo
ca iieiue eo?n eaeoeee, iaeiaei niaanaaeiee i?iaeieaeae ianoaeaaoue e
i?aaeeiaeee ano?aoeoueny a iiai ioena. A iacia/aiiia a?aiy a ioena
iiyaeeenue aeaa /aeiaaea, a ia iaeei, eae iu aeiaiaa?eaaeenue. *a?ac
aeaa ieioou y iiiyea, /oi iie iuoathony iaiyoue iaiy ia ?aaioo aeey
i?iaeaaee no?aoiaie. Ei ioaeai aue iiaue nio?oaeiee, a ia eaeoi? eee
niaoeeaeeno ii o?aieiaai, eae ooaa?aeaeaeinue ca aeaiue aei ano?a/e.
Nia/aea y aaaeeeai ioeacaeanue, ii caoai, eiaaea eo ianoie/eainoue
i?aauneea ?acoiiua i?aaeaeu, i?aaeeiaeeea ei iieeiooue iie ioen.
Iaeiiaoe, iie ooee, oniaa ii?yaeeii ?aciceeoue iaiy. Ca/ai yoei ethaeyi
iiiaaeiaeeinue aeene?aaeeoe?iaaoue naay e eiiiaieth, a eioi?ie iie
?aaioaee? Ii/aio ei oae oioaeinue iaiyoue iaiy ia ?aaioo? Eiaaea y
caaeoiaeanue ia yoie ano?a/a, y i?eoea e auaiaeo, /oi ei?ii?aoeey A.
L.Williams Corporation ia au?aaioaea noaiaea?oia iiaaaeaiey aeey naieo
i?aaenoaaeoaeae eee nio?oaeieee eo i?inoi ia ciatho.”
Niaa?oaiii i/aaeaeii, /oi eiiiaiey a?iaea A. L.Williams Corporation,
nio?oaeieee eioi?ie ia eiatho ie iaeaeoaai i?aaenoaaeaiey i oii, /oi
nouanoaotho oaeea iiiyoey eae eieaeae eiiiaiee, a? oeeinioey naieie
aeaenoaeyie iaiinyo ?aiooaoeee eiiiaiee iaiii?aaeiue a?aae. N ae?oaie
noi?iiu aeieoue eo a yoii – cia/eo eneaoue e?aeiaai, eai eo aeaenoaey
anoue i?yiia neaaenoaea oiai, /oi ?oeiaiaenoai aia?aiy ia icaaioeeinue
?ac?aaioaoue oeeinioeth eiiiaiee, eioi?ay au iiaeneacaea nio?oaeieeai,
eaeea iaoiaeu ei “iiaeii” eca?aoue i?e aicaeaenoaee ia eeeaioa.
?aaioieee anao o?iaiae ei?ii?aoeaiie no?oeoo?u oioyo ciaoue, /aai io ieo
aeaeoo. A eae ei ia yoii ociaoue? Ec noaiaea?oia. Anee au /aoei io?aceoa
a noaiaea?oao oi, /aai au oioeoa io naieo nio?oaeieeia, au ecaaaeeoa
iiiaeo iaaei?acoiaiee e i?iaeai. Ii ia iooaeoa iieiaeaiea i noaiaea?oao
n aeieaeiinoiuie eino?oeoeeyie. A ei?ii?aoeaiuo noaiaea?oao aeieaeiu
auoue oiiiyioou aeaaea iaeue/aeoea aeaoaee. Yoi iiiiaeao aai iieo/eoue
iauoth ea?oeio iaycaoaeueiuo e aeaeaoaeueiuo noaiaea?oia aeey ethaiai
aniaeoa aaoaai aeciana: io ieo?eia a eo?eeea aei iiaaaeaiey aunoaai
?oeiaiaenoaa. Iaeioi?ua noaiaea?ou ioiinyony e aeaeaaiui.
Iinea oiai eae Au caeiaeeee ooiaeaiaio aeey ieaia Aaoaai eieaeaea,
aioiaueoanue e aicaaaeaieth ia?auo yoaaeae – aiaoiaai eieaeaea.
Aiaoiee eieaeae
Ea?a n aunieeie noaaeaie
Enneaaeiaaiey iieacuaatho, /oi 83% ?aoaiee iu i?eieiaai, iniiauaaynue ia
aecoaeueiie eioi?iaoeee. Iu aieiaoaeueii iniao?eaaai /aeiaaea, ioen eee
aauue e ?aoaai, oioei ee iu eiaoue aeaei n oaeei ia?oia?ii eee iao. Aio
e iieo/aaony, /oi ieeiaaea aiaoiinoue aeaeiaiai /aeiaaea ia eiaea oaeiai
cia/aiey, eae nae/an. Ieeiaaea aecianiaiu oae ia caaioeeenue i naiai
aiaoiai eieaeaea, eae a iaoa a?aiy. Oae eee eia/a, yoiai o?aaoao io ian
no?aieoaeueii ?acaeaathuaany iauanoai.
Ninoaaeaiea ieaia ii aiaoiaio eieaeaeo icia/aao ouaoaeueiue aiaeec anaai
oiai, /oi a ia?aoth i/a?aaeue a?inaaony a aeaca iauanoao e eiie?aoiiio
iieoiaoaeth. Ii?ie o naiuo eiiiaoaioiuo aecianiaiia eiiaaea auaaao oaeie
caiouaiiue aiaoiee aeae, /oi iiaeii ano?aoeoue oaeea ni/aoaiey: a?a/,
eioi?ue iueao e eo?eo aac anyeie ia?u; ioen oe?iu ii i?iaeaaea
eiiiuethoa?iuo eiiieaeoothueo n 486 iaoeiaie e aeiiioiiiuie iiieoi?aie;
oeoiann-eeoa n a?yciuie iieaie e ?anoienoaaoae nae?aoa?oae a i?eaiiie.
O iaeioi?uo eiiiaiee aeaea n aiaoiei eieaeaeai ianoiyo iieo/oa, ii e iie
/anoaiueei caauaatho i iaei/ao, eioi?ua naiaeyo ia iao ana oneeey.
Ianeieueei eao iacaae iia aeiaaeinue iiauaaoue a ioena iaeiie
th?eaee/aneie oe?iu. Naii caeaiea auei nia?aiaiiui e i?iecaiaeeei
aeaaii?eyoiia aia/aoeaiea. Eioa?uea? i?eaiiie auaeyaeae ecyuii e
i?eaeaeaoaeueii. Ii iin?aaee anaai yoiai aaeeeieaiey neaeaea iaii?yoii
iaeaoue, aeothuee aeaa/eo io?aiiee, eioi?ue e oiio aea iaa?oaee iia. Ii
auaeyaeaea oae, eae aoaeoi iee iaaeaeth, e oeaeue ianyoe ia iia auiuoue
aieiao.
Oi, /oi iaaeaeo iaoei iaeeeii e oniaoii nouanoaoao i?yiay naycue,
aeieacuaatho e iao/iua enneaaeiaaiey. Iie ynii iieacuaatho, /oi aeey
i?ioanneiiaea iaiaoiaeeia iaeaaeaea, niioaaonoaothuay noaiaea?oai
aiaoiaai aeaea, e ana aea ieeeeiiu eioaeeeaaioiuo ethaeae ioeacuaathony
i?eieiaoue yoe enneaaeiaaiey ana?ueac. *aua anaai i ?oeiaiaeeoaea
eiiiaiee, noaeyo ii noaiaea?oai aiaoiaai aeaea aa nio?oaeieeia.
Naiay aeaaiay i?e/eia i?iaeai n aiaoiei aeaeii nio?oaeieeia – ionoonoaea
iiieiaiey. Ae?oaeie neiaaie, ethaee ia iiieiatho, eae eo aiaoiee aeae
aeeyao ia eieaeae anae eiiiaiee. Eia/a ieeoi ec ieo ia iiyaeyeny au ia
?aaioa a oii aeaea, eioi?ue iie n/eoatho ii?iaeueiui. *anoi naia
iaaaoeaiia aicaeaenoaea ieacuaatho ia?aciaaiea e aeiiaoiaa ie?oaeaiea
iieiaeuo nio?oaeieeia. Aaaeue, ianeieueei iia ecaanoii, n oao ii? eae
caeii/eeenue niaaoneea a?aiaia, a oeieao ia i?iaiaeyo caiyoee ii
yoeeaoo. Iiyoiio ?oeiaiaeeoaeue auioaeaeai naiinoiyoaeueii ii?aaeaeyoue
noaiaea?ou aiaoiaai aeaea nio?oaeieeia. A yoii niunea ?oeiaiaenoai
aeieaeii yaeyoue niaie i?eia? eo niaethaeaiey, iaeiaei iaeiiai
“oiaey/aai” ia?acoea yaii iaaeinoaoi/ii.
Eaeiai aea ?aoaiea yoie i?iaeaiu? Iiae?iaii eceiaeeoa i?eiyoua a aaoae
eiiiaiee o?aaiaaiey e aiaoiaio aeaeo nio?oaeieeia. Iiiaea nio?oaeieee
niaeanyony n aaie, anee i?e/eiu aaaaeaiey yoeo i?aaee aoaeoo ei iiiyoiu.
Iaiaoiaeeii n?aco aea ciaeiieoue n ieie aiiaue i?eiyouo ia ?aaioo
nio?oaeieeia, eia/a ?acaiai? n eai-ieaoaeue ec ieo i aiaoiai aeaea
oiaaea, eiaaea a eieeaeoeaa oaea oniaee noi?ie?iaaoueny ii?aaeaeaiiua
ioiioaiey, noaiao aeey iaiaaeaea?a ii ia?niiaeo naiie neiaeiie a aai
?aaioa caaea/ae. Oe?iei ecaanoai oio oaeo, /oi, anee nio?oaeieee
iieo/atho aiciiaeiinoue naiinoiyoaeueii auae?aoue naaa aeaeiaoth
iaeaaeaeo, a?aieoeu noaiaea?oia aiaoiaai aeaea ia?ooatho iaeaieaa
i?ioanneiiaeueiua ?aaioieee.
Iaeei ec nio?oaeieeia eiiiaiee “Iaaeeii” iinoiyiii aeaeiaaeny
?oeiaiaenoao, /oi ia iiaeao auiieiyoue naie iaycaiiinoe a
eiiaiaee?iaeao, oae eae yooaeoeaiinoue aai iiacaeie auea ?aaia ii/oe /oi
ioeth. I?e aieiaoaeueiii ?anniio?aiee ieacaeinue, /oi a ioee/ea io
?aaiou a iineianeii ioena, eiaaea aeaia auoaoiiiyiooiai nio?oaeieea
iinoiyiii neaaeeea ca aai aiaoiei aeaeii, a naieo iiacaeeao, eioi?ua
ca/anooth i?ioiaeeee ca ouny/e eeeiiao?ia io Iineau ii oaeaeye iaei
aieiaiey naiaio iaeeeo e iia yaeoueny ia ia?aaiai?u e aaaeiua ano?a/e a
aeaeeinao e naeoa?a, oieueei eeoue iioiio /oi ia oiae ia?auaoueny n
oothaii. Anoanoaaiii, /oi ia?aaiaa?eaathuayny noi?iia, iaeeaeaaoay
oaeaeaoue nieeaeiiai ?aaioieea, i?aaenoaaeythuaai nieeaeioth eiiiaieth
ca/anooth auea ?aci/a?iaaia e aeaei ?aaeei aeioiaeeei aei caeeth/aiey
niaeaoaiey.
E?iia oiai oeie/iie ioeaeie yaeyaony oi, /oi ?oeiaiaeeoaee iiiaeo
e?oiiuo eiiiaiee n/eoatho i?ioanneiiaeeci a iaeaaeaea e aiaoiai aeaea
aeaeii naii niaie ?acoiathueiny, iiyoiio iie oaeaeytho oae iaei a?aiaie
e aieiaiey yoiio aii?ino. Yoi iiaiea ioeai/ii, e oaeei ?oeiaiaeeoaeyi
iiaeii iiniaaoiaaoue iaycaoaeueii iaeoe a?aiy, /oiau iauynieoue
ioiioaiea eiiiaiee e oi?ia iaeaaeaeu naieo nio?oaeieeia e aeaoue
iaiaoiaeeiua ?acuyniaiey. E?iia oiai, oioaeinue au ioiaoeoue, /oi
i?ioanneiiaeueiay iaeaaeaea ii?iaeaeaao i?ioanneiiaeueiia iiaaaeaiea,
ae?oaeie neiaaie, iaeaaeaea e iiaaaeaiea acaeiinaycaiu.
Ea/anoai
Aaeeinoaaiiue i?iecaiaenoaaiiue oaeoi?, aeeythuee ia ?aiooaoeeth aaoaai
aeciana, – ea/anoai i?iaeoeoeee. Iaeioi?ua ooaa?aeaeatho, /oi aeaaiia
oneiaea ea/anoaa – oiaiea neooaoue iieoiaoaey. Eiaaea a 1984 aiaeo
eiiiaiey General Motors oiaiueoeea aeeeio ei?iona Cadillac ia 60 ni,
aaoiiiaeeenoai yoi ia iii?aaeeinue e iauaiu i?iaeaae nie?aoeeenue.
Aianoi oiai /oiau oaaee/eoue cao?aou ia ?aeeaio aeey i?eaea/aiey
aieiaiey iieoiaoaeae, eiiiaiey ia?aoeeanue e iei ca niaaoii, n oai /oiau
auynieoue, eaeea eciaiaiey oa oioaee au aeaeaoue a iiauo iiaeaeyo,
ieaie?othueony e auoiaeo a oa/aiea aeeaeaeoeo 3 eao. Auee ii?ioaiu
iieoi?u ouny/e aeaaeaeueoeaa Cadillac. Iieoiaoaee iniao?eaaee i?ioioeiu
iiauo iiaeaeae, ioeaieaaee eo e aeaeaee caia/aiey, a eiaeaia?u General
Motors o/eouaaee eo iiaiey.
A ?acoeueoaoa, eiaaea ia aaoiiiaeeueiuo aunoaaeao iiyaeeny “aaicaeue
naciia” – aeeeiiua, naa?eathuea iiaeaee DeVille e Fleetwood, – iauaiu
i?iaeaae iiaenei/eee ia 36%. Eiiiaiey Flowers, ooao Aeaaaia, eioi?ay
auioneaao ii?aaeaeeoaeue aeoaeiu aeey ?uaaeia, noieeioeanue n oie aea
i?iaeaiie. Ii?aaeaeeoaeue – yoi yeaeo?iiiue i?eai? aeey ii?aaeaeaiey
aeoaeiu aeia e ianoiiaoiaeaeaiey ?uau. Eeanne/aneei i?eia?ii
aeinoeaeaiey oniaoa iiaoo iineoaeeoue aeaenoaey eiiiaiee iinea i?iaaea 9
aa iiauo iiaeaeae ii?aaeaeeoaey aeoaeiu e 1985 aiaeo. Aee?aeoi? eiiiaiee
Aeaeaein Ayeeii ?aoee auneooaoue iiaiea 25 a?oii nii?oniaiia ii anae
no?aia e ii?aaeaeeoue, /oi iie aeaeoo io i?eai?a. *a?ac aiae, eiaaea ia
?uiea iiyaeeanue iiaay iiaeaeue ii?aaeaeeoaey aeoaeiu, iauai i?iaeaae
oo?ieeny e ninoaaee 80 ieeeeiiia aeieea?ia. Nai Aeae. Ayeeii oae
auneacaeny ii yoiio iiaiaeo: “Ii i?aaaea aiai?y, iieoiaoaee
naiinoiyoaeueii ?ac?aaioaee aeey ian iiaoth iiaeaeue i?eai?a”.
Aeey aieueoeinoaa ec aan aaaeiinoue ea/anoaa i?iaeoeoeee i/aaeaeia. I?e
ieioeo iio?aaeoaeueneeo naienoaao oiaa?a aan ia nianoo ie i?ae?aniua
nayce n iauanoaaiiinoueth, ie aacoei?eciaiiia ianeoaeeaaiea iieoiaoaey.
?aeeaia iiaeao i?eaea/ue e aai iieoiaoaey, ii anee ii aoaeao iaaeiaieai
aaoei oiaa?ii eee ea/anoaii oneoa, oi aeieai ee i?inouanoaoao aao
eieaeae? Iiaeaoa ee au ana?ueac iiiaauaoue, /oi aa?iaoa aeaiueae ca
oiaa? eaaeaeiio, eoi aoaeao iaaeiaieai aai ea/anoaii? Ieeaeea na?ueaciua
cao?aou ia eieaeae ia iiiiaoo, anee aaoa i?iaeoeoeey ia ii?aaaeuaaao
iaeeaeaiee iieoiaoaey.
Aea, iaiaoiaeeii neaaeeoue ca ea/anoaii i?iaeoeoa e iiiai e oii?ii
?aaioaoue. Oai ia iaiaa, anee au oionoeoa ec aeaeo aiaoiee eieaeae, au
ia?a/aiu ia iaoaea/o. Aieueoeinoai aeiiioicyae i?e ia?aie iieoiea
iaciaeiiiai oiaa?a ioeaieaaao aai ii oiio, eae ii auaeyaeeo e eae
oiaeiaai, a anee Au ia canoaaeoa iieoiaoaey eoieoue Aao oiaa? ia?aue
?ac, oi aoi?iai iiaeaoa e ia aeiaeaeaoueny. Aeey aeinoeaeaiey
aeieain?i/iiai oniaoa iaiaoiaeeii eae ea/anoai i?iaeoeoa, oae e aiaoiee
eieaeae.
Naini?iia aini?eyoea eieaeaea
E iaeanoe inycaaiiai eieaeaea, eioi?ue iu aini?eieiaai anaie iyoueth
/oanoaaie, ioiineony ana, ia/eiay io eicoiaa eiiiaiee aei aa
ianoi?aniieiaeaiey. Iacaaiea oe?iu e aa eicoia – naiua caiaoiua yeaiaiou
a nenoaia eieaeaea. Ia nicaeaiea iaeaieaa yooaeoeaiiai aa?eaioa yoeo
aeaoo yeaiaioia noieo iio?aoeoue a?aiy e aeaiueae. Iniaaiii yoi aaaeii
aeey iaaeaaii nicaeaiiuo eiiiaiee.
Iacaaiea e eicoia aaoae eiiiaiee niiauatho ethaeyi i oii, eoi au oaeea,
iie aeieaeiu /aoei io?aaeaoue i?ioeeue aaoae aeayoaeueiinoe. Iacaaiea
oe?iu eiaao i/aaeaeiia aicaeaenoaea ia ethaeae. *ai ei?i/a iacaaiea, oai
neeueiaa aai yooaeo. Iii oaeaea aeieaeii eaaei caiiieiaoueny. A aeciana
ai an?i ie?a (ia oaa?ai ca ?inneth, aaaeue eiaiii caeanue y ii?ie
ano?a/ae oaeea iacaaiey, eae “Oa?ii”, “Iaaeaaeaea-66” eee
“Aeaeeiaa?aeuaa e Ei”) iacaaiea ei?ii?aoeee n/eoaaony ianoieueei
aaaeiui, /oi aaeaaiaeii, iinea eiinoeueoaoeee n i?ioanneiiaeaie, aai
eciaiytho ouny/e eiiiaiee. Oi?ioee niaao: iinoa?aeoanue, /oiau iacaaiea
oe?iu io?aaeaei aaoo niaoeeaeecaoeeth. Eiiiaiey “Iaaeeii” i/aiue /anoi,
iniaaiii a ia/aea naiaai ?acaeoey noaeeeaaeanue n oai, /oi eeeaiou
n/eoaee a? i?ioeeai iaaeeoeeineia iai?oaeiaaiea (ec-ca nicao/ey a
iacaaiee).
Aao aiaoiee eieaeae aeieaeai auoue yniui e i?eaeaeaoaeueiui aeey
eeeaioia. Au oaeaea aeieaeiu ia?eiaee/anee ia?ano?aeaaoue naie eieaeae,
iinoiyiii oe?aieyy aai. Ia iaaei eaaeaeue ?ac ana ea?aeeiaeueii
eciaiyoue. Iacaaiea aaoae eiiiaiee aeieaeii i?enoonoaiaaoue ia aaoai
ciaea, oe?iaiiii aeaiea, aeceoeao, oiaeiaea aaoaai i?iaeoeoa – ia anai,
/oi i?aaenoaaeyao aan ethaeyi. *oiau oneeeoue aicaeaenoaea eieaeaea,
iaiaoiaeeii oieoeoee?iaaoue ana aai ninoaaeythuea.
Aeeyiea ia eieaeae ianoi?aniieiaeaiey eiiiaiee
Ianoi?aniieiaeaiea aeciana naii ii naaa yaeyaony aaaeiie ninoaaeythuae
aaoaai eieaeaea. Anee aan ia ono?aeaaao eieaeae iaeaiueeiai oee/iiai
iaaacei/eea, au n/eoaaoa, /oi aaoa i?aaei?eyoea aieaa aunieiai eeanna,
au anaaaea iiaeaoa a?aiaeiaaoue ii/oiaue yuee n aieaa i?anoeaeiui
aae?anii a ae?oaii ?aeiia eee ai?iaea. Aeeth/aiea iiia?a aaoaai oaena,
no?aie/ee a Eioa?iao e aae?ana yeaeo?iiiie ii/ou a aeceoioth ea?oi/eo
eee oe?iaiiue aeaie oiaea noaiiaeony ninoaaeythuae eieaeaea, aieaa oiai,
iia eaaeaony, /oi naaiaeiy yoi i?inoi i?aaeei oi?ioaai oiia aeey ethaie
eiiiaiee. Anee aai iiea ia oaeaeinue iacaaanoenue naiei oaenii eee
naeoii, aeiaiai?eoanue n eiiiaieyie, eioi?ua i?aaeeaaatho oneoae oaeiai
ieaia.
*?acau/aeii aaaeiu ianoi?aniieiaeaiea ioena aaoae eiiiaiee e aai
ninoiyiea.
Iiaeoiaeoa, eaeie ia?ac aicieeiao a niciaiee aaoeo eeeaioia, anee aao
iaaacei ?aniieiaeai ia oceie ie?aeiiie oei/ea, ia eioi?ie iieiaeia
oi?aiauo iiiauaiee oae e inoaeanue ia naeaiiie a a?aiaeo. Aaaeue au
oioeoa, /oiau aan n/eoaee oniaoiie eiiiaieae, ia oae ee? Aeaaea anee
aeaa oe?iu ie/ai ae?oa io ae?oaa ia ioee/athony, ethaee ana ?aaii
caoioyo eiaoue aeaei eiaiii n i?aoniaaathuae. Nai ii naaa aao aecian
iiaeao eaeoe oi?ioi, ii anee ?yaeii n iaie iacaiyoua iiiauaiey eee
iaii?yoiua iaaaceiu eee i?inoi aeii ?aniieiaeai a niaeueiii ?aeiia,
oaiue io eo eieaeaea “iaoaea/ieeia” oiaaeao e ia aan. Oe?ia “Iaaeeii” a
ia/aeueiie noaaeee naiaai ?acaeoey oaeaea no?aaeaea io oiai, /oi ioena
eiiiaiee iii?inoo ia nouanoaiaaei, i?eoiaeeeinue ianee?iaaoue eaa?oe?o
aee?aeoi?a e aai oaeaoii iiae ?aai/ea. Ii aiineaaenoaee, eiaiii aeey
iieiaeeoaeueiiai aeeyiey ia eieaeae auee cao?a/aiiua ia?iiiua ii oai
a?aiaiai, a n?aaiaiee n aeioiaeii eiiiaiee, aeaiueae aeey i?eia?aoaiey
iiiauaiey ia Eaieineii i?iniaeoa Iineau. E ?acoeueoaou ia caiaaeeeee
neacaoueny. Eiaiii n yoiai iiiaioa aiciiaeii noaei i?eaeaoaiea eeeaioia
aeey ia?aaiai?ia a ioen, e eiaaea oa aeaeaee ecyuii ioaeaeaiiua
eaaeiaou, iniau?iiua naiie nia?aiaiiie oaoieeie, i?eaaoeeauo
nio?oaeieeia e aeaeiaoth ianoaiiaeo, oi caeacu oae e nuiaeenue, eae ec
?iaa eciaeeey.
Eiaaea ienaeny aeaiiue ?acaeae, oi a aieiao iia n?aco aea i?eo?e i?eia?
“Naa?aaiea”, eioi?ue i?inoi ii?aaeaao oai, eae /?oei ii neaaeoao a nai?i
aiaoiai eieaeaea ii?aaeae?iiui noaiaea?oai. Aniiiieoa, aaaeue i?e aeaea
aieueoie cae?iie auaanea a ethaii ?aeiia Iineau (a, iaaa?iia, e anae
?innee) au iaeeaeaaoa oaeaeaoue ia iae aoeau, aeanyuea, /oi yoi
ioaeaeaiea eiaiii “Naa?aaiea”
Neea oeaaoa
Oeaaoa ?iaeaeatho yiioeee. Aio ii/aio iaiaoiaeeii ouaoaeueii i?iaeoiaoue
oeaaoiaoth aaiio eioa?uea?a a aaoai ioena. Au ia niae?aaoanue
eiaanoe?iaaoue ieeeeii aeieea?ia a no?ieoaeuenoai ?anoi?aia, a iioii
aue?aneoue aai nia?oaee e aioo?e a nieioiie /a?iue oeaao? “Iao, eiia/ii,
y aea ia eaeeio”, – neaaeaoa au. Anyeee, eoi ciaeii n ineoieiaeae
oeaaoa, ciaao, /oi /??iue aaiiyao /aeiaaea a ninoiyiea aeai?annee,
e?aniue aicaoaeaeaao /aeiaaea, onei?yao ioeuen e iiauoaao aeaaeaiea, a
oi a?aiy, eae, iai?eia?, cae?iue, iaiai?io oniieaeaaao e aea?o /oanoai
oaa?aiiinoe. Ni/aoaiea neeoeii y?eeo oeaaoia ieeae ia iiaeao nicaeaoue
oniieaeaathuae aoiinoa?u, eioi?ay oae iaiaoiaeeia oai, eoi, iai?eia?,
aioiaeony aieoe a eaaeiao coaiiai a?a/a eee no?aoiaiai aaaioa.
Anee au ia iiaeaoa ainiieueciaaoueny oneoaaie i?ioanneiiaeueiiai
aeecaeia?a, ia?aoeoanue ca iiiiuueth e ae?oao, naaaeouaio a yoii
aii?ina. A ethaii neo/aa au ia aeieaeiu iaaeiioeaieaaoue iiuiia aeeyiea
aiaoiaai eieaeaea aaoaai caeaiey, i?eeaaathuae oa??eoi?ee e eioa?uea?a
ia iieiaeaiea aeae a aaoai aeciana.
Iyoue /oanoa
Oieo Aeeniae aicaae eniieueciaaiea anao iyoe /oanoa e ?aia eneonnoaa.
Aai ia?ee ioaeuoa iaiaauatho iinaoeoaeae naini?iui iiuoii oaea n oiai
iiiaioa, eae iie iiiaaeatho ia ia?eiai/ioth ieiuaaeeo, i?ae?anii
aienaiioth e ie?oaeathuee eaiaeoaoo. O ia?aaeiuo ai?io ioeoaea-oi
eueaony i?eyoiay iocuea, e au /oanoaoaoa, /oi aaoa iano?iaiea iaiyaony,
oioy au aua aeaaea ia eoieee aeeaoia. Eiaaea au i?ioiaeeoa /a?ac ai?ioa,
aao iin eiaeo a?iiao aicaeooiie eoeo?ocu, eioi?ue i?iaeaaony ia
oeaio?aeueiie ieiuaaee. Iioii au iai?aaeyaoanue ia aeaaioth ieiuaaeue, a
oai ea?atho iocueaiou, e aaoa iano?iaiea iiaeieiaaony ana auoa e auoa.
Au i?iaoeeaaaoanue ii oeaio?aeueiiio i?iniaeoo, a iaano?a/o aai ianoony
niaeacieoaeueiua caiaoe ec iaaacei/eeia oieieaaeiuo eiioao, iioiio /oi
eo aaioeeyoeeiiiua ioaa?noey ia?i/ii auoiaeyo i?yii ia oeeoeo, a ia ia
e?uoo.
Aiaeiae/iue iaoiae iiaeii oaeaea n yooaeoeaiinoueth eniieueciaaoue e a
i?ioanneiiaeueiuo oeaeyo. Aio i?eia? ?iy Aaioaia, iaeiiai ec naiuo
i?aoniaaathueo coaiuo a?a/ae, aeaei eioi?iai i?ioeaaoaao ia oieueei
iioiio, /oi ii i?ae?aniue niaoeeaeeno, ii aua e iioiio, /oi ii,
oai?/anee eniieuecoy iyoue /aeiaa/aneeo /oanoa, noiae nicaeaoue
yooaeoeaiue eieaeae naiae i?aeoeea.
*oi naaiaeiy yaeyaony i?iaeaiie ? 1 aeey aeaioenoia? No?ao iaoeeaioia,
eioi?ua aiyony iieoe e coaiiio a?a/o, aiyony aiee. Ioen aeieoi?a Aaioaia
ioaeaeai oae, /oi ethaeyi i?eyoii caeoe a iaai, eo i?eaeaeaao oea?yuay a
iai aoiinoa?a, nieiathuay eceeoiaa aaniieienoai. Ai-ia?auo, naii caeaiea
ioena iioiaea ia i?aeanoiue naeueneee aeii, ie?oaeaiiue i?ae?aniui
ia?eii. Aioo?e ioena iao oie noa?eeueiinoe, eioi?oth iu i?eaueee
aeaeaoue a i?eaiiuo o coaiuo a?a/ae. I?e ioaeaeea ioena Aaioai
eniieueciaae i?eioeeiu a?oeoaeoo?iie ineoieiaee. Enoiaey ec ieo, naiia
niieieiia ianoi a aeiia, aaea ethayo niae?aoueny ainoe, – eooiy. Iiyoiio
ia?aay eiiiaoa aai ioena, a eioi?ie ieacuaaaony aoiaeyuee iaoeeaio,
i?aaenoaaeyao niaie ia/oi n?aaeiaa iaaeaeo eooiae e i?eaiiie. Aa
iaiieiyao caiao naaaeaenia/aiiiai oeaaa. Eaaeaeiio ainoth iennen Aaioai,
eioi?ay anaaaea ai a?aiy i?eaiiuo /ania aeaeaao auia/eo, i?aaeeaaaao
aoei/eo e /aoa/eo eioa. Anee iaoeeaio caoi/ao, ii iiaeao iiaeiaeaeaoue
naiae i/a?aaee a i?eiueathuae e eooia ainoeiie. Oai iao e?anae, eioi?ua
iau/ii iiaeii oaeaeaoue a i?eaiiuo, oieueei eooaoee, auaea?aeaiiua a
caai?iaeiii noeea.
Ia?aeonea, iaoeeaio iieo/aao coaioth uaoeo e ianoo, /oiau i?eaioiaeoueny
e iniio?o o coaiiai a?a/a. Aeoeaio a eioa?uea?a a?a/aaiiai eaaeiaoa
naeaeai ia aunieea ieia n aaeeeieaiiui aeaeii ia i?e?iaeo, /oi ioaeaeaao
aieiaiea iaoeeaioa io ono?aoathuaai aeaea coaia?a/aaiie oaoieee.
E?iia oiai, iaaeeoeeineee ia?niiae iaycai aiai?eoue ii iaiueoae ia?a
aeaa i?eyoiua aaue eaaeaeiio iaoeeaioo, /oiau oio oniieieeny e
ii/oanoaiaae naay eiioi?oii. Noieo ee oaeeaeyoueny oiio, /oi ec-ca
aieueoiai eiee/anoaa iaoeeaioia e aeieoi?o ioaeii caienuaaoueny ca?aiaa,
/oi aai iieacuaaee a i?ia?aiia iiainoae ii oaeaaeaeaieth e /oi aeieoi?
Aaioai – iaeei ec oao iaiiiaeo aeaioenoia ie?a, ia i?eai e eioi?ui
iaoeeaiou noa?athony i?eoiaeeoue ii?aiueoa. Ii niia iiiyoue e
eniieueciaaoue neeo naini?iiai aini?eyoey eieaeaea.
Naini?iue iiaeoiae i?e nicaeaiee eieaeaea aeieaeai eniieueciaaoueny a
ethaii aeaea aeciana, aeaaea a aaoina?aena. Iaeei aeaaeaeaoe
aaoi?aiiioiie ianoa?neie, ?ac?aaioaa i?e iiiiue ieaia ii nicaeaieth
eieaeaea naie, oaia?ue niaea?aeeo anth oa??eoi?eth a aacoi?a/iie
/enoioa, a eaaeaeue io?aiiioe?iaaiiue aaoiiiaeeue /enoeo nia?oaee e
aioo?e, i?eaycuaay e ?oeth eaaeaiaoe n aeaaiaea?noaaiiie caieneie. Eaeei
aue yoio ioieo aaoina?aena ?aiueoa? Ii ie/ai ia ioee/aeny io nioai
ae?oaeo, a eioi?uo oea?yo a?ycue e aanii?yaeie, iaoaieee iinyo
caia/eaiiua niaceie e ianeii eiiaeiaciiu, a ia eaaeaeie iaoeia iinea
?aiiioa iaycaoaeueii inoathony ioia/aoee a?yciuo ?oe.
Oioy au ec auoaoiiiyiooiai i?eia?a iiaeii iiiyoue, /oi nicaeaiea
naini?iie noi?iiu eieaeaea ia o?aaoao aieueoeo cao?ao. Oaia?ue au
iiieiaaoa, /oi eieaeae iiaeao ?aaioaoue ia eiai oaiaeii? A aaaeue yoi e
a naiii aeaea oae! Iacaaeneii io oiai, /ai au aeaaeaaoa –
iaaeaeoia?iaeiie ei?ii?aoeeae eee iaaacei/eeii ia oaeo oeeoeu, nicaeaiea
iiceoeaiiai eieaeaea eciaieo aaoe aeioiaeu. Oeo/oaiea eieaeaea – iaeei
ec iniiaiuo niiniaia oaaee/aiey i?eauee. Yoi aaaeue oae ynii e i?inoi.
Iaeaiueeei eiiiaieyi yoi naeaeaoue e i?iua e aeaoaaea, /ai aieueoei
ei?ii?aoeeyi, aaea oi?ioi ?acaeoay ath?ie?aoey iiaeao eca?aoeoue
eieaeae, eioi?ue au oioeoa nicaeaoue.
?aeeaia
Ethaee ociatho i iiaii i?iaeoeoa eee oneoaa a iniiaiii n iiiiuueth
?aeeaiu. Iaeioi?ua aeaeu ?aeeaiu eniieuecotho iiuiue eieaeae, ae?oaea –
iao. Oaeaaeaeaiea ia?aaa?ioei iao acaeyae ia aeeciue a XX aaea. Ca
iineaaeiea ni?ie eao iu i?aa?aoeeenue ec iauanoaa /eoaoaeae a iauanoai
oaeac?eoaeae. Naaiaeiy iiaiea i ethaeyo e oiaa?ao iu ninoaaeyai ia
iniiaa aecoaeueiuo ia?acia, neiaieia e e?aoeiai, ouaoaeueii
ninoaaeaiiiai oaenoa. A yoii niunea ?aeeaia, ia/aoiay e yeaeo?iiiay,
iiaeiyeanue aei o?iaiy iaoee. Naiay aeaaiay i?iaeaia o oao, eoi aeaeaao
naaiaeiy ?aeeaio, – eiieo?aioeey. Ii?aaeaao oio iauai eioi?iaoeee i
oiaa?a, eioi?ue ia?ooeaaaony ia iieoiaoaey.
E?iia ?aeeaiu a aacaoao, ii ?aaeei, ia ?aeeaiiuo ueoao aaeieue aei?iae,
a aa/a?ieo oaeaia?aaea/ao e aeo?iaeao, ia aeieth iaueiiaaiiiai
?inneeneiai iio?aaeoaey aaeaaeiaaii i?eoiaeeony noieueei eiiia?/aneeo
?aeeaiiuo niiauaiee, /oi aieueoay eo /anoue i?inoi ia aini?eieiaaony ei.
Oieueei naiay yooaeoeaiay ?aeeaia aeioiaeeo aei /aeiaaea e aeeyao ia
iaai.
Naaiaeiy, a naiue ?acaa? eiieo?aioiie ai?ueau, nicaeaiea ?aeeaiu
iaiaoiaeeii ii?o/aoue oieueei i?ioanneiiaeai. Aeaaea anee ?a/ue eaeao i
iaienaiee ?aeeaiiiai iauyaeaiey a ianoioth aacaoo eee ?annueea ?aeeaiu
ii ii/oa, ana ?aaii yoi ethaeoaeueneia ia/eiaiea a?yae ee i?eaea/ao
aieiaiea iio?aaeoaey, eai aio i?eaeaony eiieo?e?iaaoue n nioiyie ae?oaeo
eiiia?/aneeo iauyaeaiee, ninoaaeaiiuo i?ioanneiiaeaie. E caeanue,
iiaeaeoe, aeaaiay i?iaeaia ninoieo a oii, Eae auaeaeeoueny ec iauae
iannu
Aeaaea anee nicaeaiea ?aeeaiu ii?o/aii i?ioanneiiaeai, au ana-oaee
iaycaiu a?aiioii iauynieoue aeecaeia?o, /oi au io iaai oioeoa. I?aaeaea
anaai oaaaeeoanue a oii, /oi ?aeeaia ia?aaeano aaoo oieeaeueiinoue – oio
aniaeo aaoaai aeciana eee i?iaeoeoeee, eioi?ue ioee/aao aan io
eiieo?aioia, a eioi?ii au i?aainoiaeeoa aieueoeinoai ec ieo. I/aiue
aaaeii, /oiau aaoa ?aeeaiiay eaiiaiey ninoaaeyea aaeeiia oeaeia n
i?ia?aiiie nicaeaiey eieaeaea. *a?ac aanue ieai ii nicaeaieth eieaeaea
aeieaeiu i?ioiaeeoue iaeia oaia e iaeei aeaaec. Yoi cia/eo, /oi aai
iaiaoiaeeii ii?aaeaeeoue oeaee nicaeaiey aaoae oe?iu, ei?ii?aoeaioth
oeeinioeth, eceiaeeoue ia aoiaaa aaoe aeieain?i/iua caaea/e e i?iaanoe
aiaeec iniiaiuo i?iaeai, naycaiiuo n aaoei eieaeaeai. Oaeay eioi?iaoeey
iicaieeo i?ioanneiiaeai, caieiathueiny ?aeeaiie, aua?aoue i?aaeeueiia
iai?aaeaiea ?aaiou e iicaieeo ananoi?iiia, a naiii auaiaeiii naaoa
i?aaenoaaeoue a ?aeeaia aaoo eiiiaieth e i?iaeoeoeeth. Naaiaeiy
yooaeoeaiay ?aeeaia i?eaeaeaao aieiaiea iio?aaeoaey ia oieueei naiei
i?ioanneiiaeueiui o?iaiai, ii e yiioeeiiaeueiui aicaeaenoaeai ia
ethaeae. A?yae ee ana ?aeeaiiua aaaionoaa iiieiatho yoi, iiyoiio,
i?aaeaea /ai ii?o/eoue eaeiio-eeai ec ieo nicaeaiea naiae ?aeeaiu,
eco/eoa aai i?aaeuaeouea ?aaiou.
Aicueiai, e i?eia?o, ?aeeaiioth no?aoaaeth aeaoo ia?ie – “DrPepper” e
“Coca-Cola”. “DrPepper” aua?aea oaiie naiae ?aeeaiiie eaiiaiee aeaaec
“Yoi oaaa ia i?inoi eiea” e i?iea?aea. Aianoi oiai /oiau i?eaea/ue
aieiaiea iio?aaeoaeae e i?iaeoeoeee “DrPepper”, aa ?aeeaia aeaeaea oii?
ia oaeou e ia eiieo?aioeeth n “Coca-Cola” e ae?oaeie eiiiaieyie,
auioneathueie eieo. “DrPepper” ia oaeaeinue (?a/ue eae?o eiaiii i yoie
?aeeaiiie eiiiaiee) nicaeaoue oaeoth ?aeeaio, eioi?ay yiioeeiiaeueii
aicaeaenoaiaaea au ia iioaioeeaeueiuo iinaoeoaeae.
“Coca-Cola” ia iiaeaeaeanue eneooaieth i?eiyoue ioaaoiua neiiao?e/iua
ia?u e i?iaeieaeaea aicaeaenoaiaaoue ia /oanoaeoaeueiua aeooaaiua
no?oiee ethaeae, eniieuecoy a ?aeeaia aoiinoa?o aanaeuey, ia?acu aeaoae
e Naioa Eeaona, aea?yuaai yoei aeaoeoeai aoouei/eo “Coca-Cola”.
Aioo?aiiee eieaeae eiiiaiee
Aioo?aiiee eieaeae, eieaeae eiiiaiee a aeacao aa nio?oaeieeia, –
iaeaieaa iaaeiioeaieaaaiay /anoue oi?ioeu aeaeiaiai eieaeaea. A oi a?aiy
eae iiceoeaiue aiaoiee eieaeae a aeacao iauanoaa aeaao aai i?aai auoue
oneuoaiiui, eiaiii aioo?aiiee eieaeae ii?aaeaeyao, anoue ee o aan, /oi
neacaoue iieoiaoaeth. Aeaa yoe iieiaeiee o?aaiaiey eieaeaea ioiinyony e
aeaoi ?aciui “aaaeiui niauoeyi” a aaoae eiiiaiee.
Aai, iaaa?iia, ia?aaeei neo/aeinue auaaoue a iaaaceiao eee ioenao,
eniau?aiiuo ?aeeaiiuie eicoiaaie “Iieoiaoaeue – iao ei?ieue”? I?e yoii
Au, nei?aa anaai, aeoiaee: “Iaaa?iia, caeanue ii e?aeiae ia?a oeaiyo
naieo iieoiaoaeae e aei?iaeao eie”. Au caoiaeeoa a iaaacei e aeaeeoa,
/oi aioo?e ii ioaeaeai i/aiue e?aneai. “Iaaa?iyea iie iio?aoeee
aeaiueae, /oiau aia/aoeeoue iaiy naiei eioa?uea?ii. E ei yoi oaeaeinue”,
– caeeth/aaoa Au. Iaeiiaoe Au iaoiaeeoa iaiaoiaeeiue oiaa?, aeinoaee
aeaiueae e oaea aioiau naeaeaoue iieoieo. Au iiaeoiaeeoa e eanna, o
eioi?ie noiyo aeaa eee o?e ?aaioieea e ?acaiaa?eaatho i naieo aeiiaoieo
i?iaeaiao, i a/a?aoiae aa/a?eiea – i /ai oaiaeii, oieueei ia i aeaea.
Aniiiieoa, /oi ieeoi aai ia iiiia, eiaaea au oiaeeee iaaeaeo i?eeaaeia,
auae?ay ioaeiue oiaa?. Ieeoi e ia aeoiae ia?auaoueny n aaie eae n
ei?ieai eee aeaaea i?eioeai. Yoa eiiiaiey ia i?ioea eniuoaiea “iiiaioii
enoeiu”.
Ii n?aaiaieth n aioo?aiiei, aiaoiee eieaeae eciaieoue eoaea i?iua, a
e?iia oiai, ii i?eioe?uaaao aai aeaa?ue, ca eioi?ie oayony iiaua
aiciiaeiinoe. Aioo?aiiee eieaeae, iai?ioea, o?oaeiaa iiaeaeaaony
ei??aeoe?iaea, ii ii cia/eoaeueii aieaa aaaeai aeey ?aiooaoeee eiiiaiee
e aa oniaoiie aeayoaeueiinoe. I?aaeaiiinoue nio?oaeieeia naiae eiiiaiee
e yiooceaci ii ioiioaieth e ianeoaeeaaieth iieoiaoaeae – na?aeoeaaeia
aioo?aiiaai eieaeaea.
I?aaeaiiinoue nio?oaeieeia eiiiaiee
Iiuo iieacuaaao, /oi aieueoeinoai nio?oaeieeia aeaaea ia iiaeic?aaatho i
oii, eaeia aeeyiea iie ieacuaatho ia aini?eyoea iieoiaoaeai eiiiaiee, a
eioi?ie iie ?aaioatho. Niaao, eioi?ue iiaeii aeaoue ?aaioieeai ethaie
eiiiaiee, i?ino: eee au anaaaea iocuaaaoanue i naiai ia/aeuenoaa e naiae
?aaioa oieueei iieiaeeoaeueii, eee a?inaeoa yoo aeieaeiinoue e iaoiaeeoa
oo eiiiaieth, ?aaioie a eioi?ie au aoaeaoa ai?aeeoueny. Yoio niaao
ioiineony e nio?oaeieeai anao o?iaiae, aia caaeneiinoe io oiai, /ai au
caieiaaoanue – ?aaioaaoa ia ii/oa eee aiaeeoa a?ociaee.
Enoiaey ec neacaiiiai: aioo?aiiee eieaeae – yoi eieaeae eiiiaiee aeacaie
aa nio?oaeieeia, eieaeae, eioi?ue aicieeaao o iieoiaoaeae i?e iauaiee n
aa nio?oaeieeaie. I?iua aiai?y, iaaaoeaiue aioo?aiiee eieaeae icia/aao
iaecaaaeioth iioa?th eiiiaieae iieoiaoaeae e oo?aoo ?aiooaoeee. Ianiio?y
ia oi /oi enii?/aiiue aioo?aiiee eieaeae i/aiue o?oaeii ainnoaiiaeoue,
aai ?aiiio ana aea iaieaeaony aai aeaoaaea, /ai iiene iiauo iieoiaoaeae.
Enneaaeiaaiey, i?iaaaeaiiua ainoiineie eiinaeoeiaiaie eiiiaieae Forum
Corporation, iieacuaatho, /oi nio?aiaiea iinoiyiiiai iieoiaoaey noieo a
iyoue ?ac iaiueoa i?eia?aoaiey iiaiai.
Aeaaea naiua ecaanoiua eiiiaiee aa?aaoo naie aioo?aiiee eieaeae e
noa?athony iiaeaea?aeeaaoue ii?aeueiue iano?ie ?aaioieeia. Ecaanoia
enoi?ey i oii, eae a ia?eiae noaiiaeaiey eiiiuethoa?iie eiaeono?ee
eiiiaiey Xerox nia?aea eiiaiaeo ecaanoiuo o/aiuo-eiiiuethoa?ueeia e
aeaea ei caaeaiea ?ac?aaioaoue ia?aue ia?niiaeueiue eiiiuethoa?.
Aeayoaeueiinoue yoie eiiaiaeu, ?aaioaaoae iaae nicaeaieai eiiiuethoa?iuo
y?eueia, “iuoee” e eiiiuethoa?iuo naoae, auea /?acau/aeii oniaoiie. Ii
aioo?aiiea eiioeeeou e eiieo?aioeey iaaeaeo aa /eaiaie i?eaaee e oiio,
/oi a eiioea eiioeia eiiaiaea Iaei Aeueoi ?aniaeanue. Eeaee?othuea
iiceoeee a iaeanoe ?ac?aaioee ia?niiaeueiuo eiiiuethoa?ia caoaaoeea
eiiiaiey Apple Computers.
Eiiaiaeiue aeoo e ii?aeueiue iano?ie ?aaioieeia ii?aaeaeytho, noaiao ee
eiiiaiey, eiathuay aieueoea ieaiu e oaeaioeeauo nio?oaeieeia, ecaanoiie
ia aanue ie? eee iia inoaaeo a enoi?ee eeoue eaaeee neaae.
I?aaenoaaeaiea i eiiiaiee
Iiaeaeoe, ie iaeia iio?aaiinoue nio?oaeieea ia eiaao oaeiai cia/aiey
aeey iiaeiyoey ii?aeueiiai iano?iy e oe?aieaiey i?aaeaiiinoe eiiiaiee,
eae aeaeaiea ?aaioieeia auoue a eo?na aeayoaeueiinoe naiae eiiiaiee.
Iaeiie ec iniiaiuo iaycaiiinoae ?oeiaiaenoaa aeieaeii noaoue iinoiyiiia
iciaeiieaiea nio?oaeieeia n eiioeaioeeae ?acaeoey eiiiaiee.
Aeaeaein Oiooii, aeaaa Corning Glass Works, – ia?acoeiaue
?oeiaiaeeoaeue, i?ae?anii aiieiuathuee aeaiiue oacen a i?aeoeeo naiae
oe?iu. Oiooii niaa?oaao io 40 aei 50 iiacaeie a aiae a ioaeaeaiiua
oeeeaeu eiiiaiee n “i?iiiaaaeyie”, iinayuaiiuie ea/anoao i?iaeoeoeee. Ii
oaeaea o?aaoao io anao iiauo nio?oaeieeia iinauaiey eo?nia, ia eioi?uo
aeaeaaony oii? ia aunieea noaiaea?ou eiiiaiee e aa oeaee. O iiiaeo
eiiiaiee n i?i/iui aioo?aiiei eieaeaeai anoue iioiaeea i?ia?aiiu aeey
iiae/eia.
Anee au aeaaeaeaoe iaeiai aeciana, iiaeii ii?aeiiaiaeiaaoue aai ii
e?aeiae ia?a ono?ieoue aa/a? aeey iiauo nio?oaeieeia e ?anneacaoue ia
enoi?ee nicaeaiey eiiiaiee, aa oeaeyo e noaiaea?oao. Yoi iaiaoiaeeii
aeey oiai, /oiau o nio?oaeieea iiyaeeinue /oanoai ai?aeinoe ca naith
iiaoth ?aaioo.
I?eiaaeeaaeiinoue e eiiiaiee n aunieeie noaiaea?oaie aiaoiaai aeaea e
iiaaaeaiey iiaeieiaao ii?aeueiue iano?ie iiaiai nio?oaeieea. Ii
iaeioi?ua ?oeiaiaeeoaee iianathony, /oi iiaeaea?aeaiea aunieeo
noaiaea?oia aiaoiaai aeaea e iiaaaeaiey iiaeao io?eoeaoaeueii neacaoueny
ia ea/anoaa o?oaea nio?oaeieeia. Ie/aai iiaeiaiiai – eae ?ac iaiai?io.
Nai oaeo oiai, /oi eiiiaiey iaieiaao ia ?aaioo oieueei oi?ioeo
?aaioieeia e oai naiui iiaeaea?aeeaaao aunieea noaiaea?ou, oaaee/eaaao
aa i?eaeaeaoaeueiinoue a aeacao eaiaeeaeaoia ia aaeaioiua ianoa. E
eiia/ii, oe?aieyao eiiaiaeiue aeoo oao, eoi oaea oai ?aaioaao.
Eceiaeaiea /aoeeo noaiaea?oia iiaaaeaiey e aiaoiaai aeaea a ienueiaiiii
aeaea cia/eoaeueii iaeaa/aao ?aoaiea i?iaeai. Eino?oeoeey n eceiaeaiiuie
a iae noaiaea?oaie iiiiaeao aai ia/aoue ethaie ?acaiai? oaeiai ?iaea.
I?ae?anii, anee ?ac?aaioea noaiaea?oia, aeieaeiinoiuo eino?oeoeee
aaaeaony iaeiia?aiaiii n nicaeaieai eiiiaiee, aua aei i?eaia ia ?aaioo
ia?aiai nio?oaeieea. I?aaeaa?eoaeueiay ?aaioa oe?aieyao eieaeae eiiiaiee
e a aoaeouai yeiiiieo a?aiy i?e ?aoaiee i?iaeai, naycaiiuo n
nio?oaeieeaie. Iiiaea ec ian ciatho, ianeieueei neo/iu auaatho
eino?oeoeee, iiyoiio naiae i?aaee aaoae eiiiaiee aeieaeai auoue iaienai
a iiceoeaiii noeea e oiia. Eiaaea ethaeae caaaeeaatho oneiaeyie e
o?aaiaaieyie, eioi?ua iie ia a neeao auiieieoue, ei inoaaony oieueei
ono?ieoue ainnoaiea.
Iai?eia?, a i?aaeeao iiaeao aiai?eoueny, /oi nio?oaeieee aeieaeiu a?aoue
ioione a ii?aaeaeaiiue ia?eiae a?aiaie. Iaiaoiaeeii eciaieoue noeeue
oaeiai auneacuaaiey ia aieaa iiceoeaiue e iaienaoue, /oi eiiiaiey
i?aaeeaaaao naiei nio?oaeieeai a?aoue ioionea eaoii, /oiau iie iiaee
iieo/oa ioaeioiooue. Iii?iaoeoa aeeth/eoue a oaeoth a?ioth?o ianeieueei
ioiinyueony e aeaeo ea?eeaoo?, e oiaaea iia aoaeao auaeyaeaoue
cia/eoaeueii i?eaeaeaoaeueiaa, aa i?i/ooo eoaea ioioiaa. Eiaaea iiaua
nio?oaeieee iciaeiiyony n aeieaeiinoiuie eino?oeoeeyie, noaiao ynii, eoi
oi/ao ?aaioaoue a eiiiaiee n ii?aaeaeaiiuie noaiaea?oaie e oeaeyie, a
eoi ia aeaeaao i?aiaeieaaaoue iinoaaeaiioth ieaieo. Iaania/aiea
eaaeaeiai nio?oaeieea oaeeie a?ioth?aie ioiineony e oai “iaei/ai”,
eioi?ua ?aaioatho ia nicaeaiea iiceoeaiiai eieaeaea, oioy n aaoae oi/ee
c?aiey eo iiaeaioiaea iiaeao ioieiaoue neeoeii iiiai a?aiaie a neiaeiue
ia?eiae ia/aea aeayoaeueiinoe eiiiaiee.
Iio?aaiinoue a oaaaeaiee
Nia?aiaiiua eiiiaiee, a eioi?uo ?aaioatho eo/oea iaiaaeaea?u, noa?athony
oaeiaeaoai?eoue e ae?oaia no?aieaiea naieo nio?oaeieeia: iio?aaiinoue a
oaaaeaiee.
Aia?eeaineee oeeeae yiiineie eiiiaiee Honda, iai?eia?, aeey oiai /oiau
nicaeaoue a eiiiaiee aoiinoa?o ?aaainoaa, oi?acaeiee o?aaeeoeeiiiua
i?eaeeaaee ?oeiaiaenoaa. Iao aieueoa ioaeaeueiuo aaoinoiyiie. Ana
ieoathony a iaeiii eaoaoa?ee. ?oeiaiaeeoaee e ?aai/ea iinyo iaeeiaeiaoth
oieoi?io. E?iia yoeo neiaiee/aneeo aeanoia Honda iiiu?yao o/anoea naieo
?aai/eo a i?eiyoee ?aoaiee, ?ac?aaioea ?anienaiey naa?oo?i/iie ?aaiou e
niai, /oi anaaaea auei i?a?iaaoeaie iaiaaeaeiaioa. Oe?aieytho ee ?aaiua
ioiioaiey nio?oaeieeia ia ?aaioa eo i?aaeaiiinoue naiae eiiiaiee?
Ianiiiaiii. Aio eae ia yoii neacae iaeei ec nio?oaeieeia: “Iaeiiaoe-oi o
iaiy a aeecie anoue oi, ai /oi y iiao aa?eoue”.
Eaeea au oi?iu ie i?eieiae iauee ciaiaiaoaeue oniaoa eiiiaiee, nooue aai
anaaaea inoaaony iaeiie e oie aea – acaeiiia oaaaeaiea nio?oaeieeia.
Iai?eia?, nio?oaeieee ieoeoea?ee Domino’s Pizza ia?auathony ae?oa n
ae?oaii, eae n iieoiaoaeyie. Aeey oe?aieaiey yoiai noaiaea?oa
oanoiaaeoeaoue ?aaeiiaeueiuo ioaeaeaiee eiiiaiee ?aaoey?ii i?iaiaeyo
ii?in ia?niiaea ia o?iaia ianeoaeeaaiey ioaeaeaiee ?aaioieeaie aieiaiiai
ioena. Aaeaiany/iua i?aiee ?oeiaiaeeoaeae ooaa-eaa?oe?u eiiiaiee caaenyo
io eiee/anoaa i/eia, eioi?ua iie ca?aaaouaatho a yoii ?aeoeiaa.
?oeiaiaeeoaee aeieaeiu ii iaiueoae ia?a ecaaaaoue noieeiiaaiee n
nio?oaeieeaie. A oneiaeyo eiio?iioaoeee i/aiue auno?i en/acatho eae
oaaaeaiea, oae e ii?aeueiue iano?ie eieeaeoeaa.
Iio?aaiinoue a aeaonoi?iiiae nayce
Iaeia ec naiuo neeueiuo iio?aaiinoae nio?oaeieeia eiiiaiee –
iaiaoiaeeiinoue a oniaa?oainoaiaaiiie nenoaia aioo?aiiae ei?ii?aoeaiie
nayce. Enneaaeiaaiea n?aaee ?aaioieeia e?oiiuo oeiainiauo ei?ii?aoeee
iieacuaatho, /oi ia ia?aii ianoa a nienea eo aeaeia ieacaeanue ieioay
naycue iaaeaeo iiae/eiaiiuie e ?oeiaiaenoaii e /oanoai oiai, /oi
ia/aeuenoai ia oaaaeaao naieo nio?oaeieeia. Eiaaea iiae/eiaiiua
aiaea/aiu a aeaonoi?iiithth naycue, eiaaea eo iinoiyiii noaayo a
ecaanoiinoue i i?ienoiaeyuai a eiiiaiee, iie /oanoaotho, /oi eo oeaiyo e
ei aeiaa?ytho. A yoi, a naith i/a?aaeue, ?iaeaeaao iiceoeaiia ioiioaiea
nio?oaeieeia e eiiiaiee.
Ioeaaeaiiay ei?ii?aoeaiay naycue cia/eo aieueoa, /ai i?inoi
?ani?aaeaeaiea iinoiyiiiai iioiea eioi?iaoeee. Iia oaeaea aeeth/aao a
naay eco/aiea iaiaaeaea?aie iiaiee nio?oaeieeia e ee/iue eiioaeo n ieie.
?oeiaiaeeoaee Honda, e i?eia?o, eaaeaeua aeaa ianyoea a oa/aiea /ana
oiaeyo ii caaiaeneei ei?ionai e aanaaeotho n nio?oaeieeaie eiiiaiee,
i?aaeeiaeeaoeie eo/oea eaeae ii oniaa?oainoaiaaieth i?iecaiaenoaa. Aio
neiaa eniieieoaeueiiai aeoea-i?aceaeaioa Honda Oioe Aieii: “Anee au
aeaenoaeoaeueii oioeoa, /oiau ca?aaioaea onoie/eaay aeaonoi?iiiyy naycue
e ?aaioieee iuooeee naay aaeeiie eiiaiaeie, aai iio?aaoaony iaiaei
a?aiaie”.
Iio?aaiinoue a oai?/aneie ?aaioa
Iio?aaiinoue nio?oaeieeia a oai?/anoaa e aiciiae-iinoue aianoe ee/iue
aeeaae a aeaei eiiiaiee, oanii naycaiu ni no?aieaieai e onoie/eaie
aeaonoi?iiiae nayce. Iai anai eaaeaony, /oi iu iaeaaeaai oieeaeueiuie
oaeaioaie, /oi iu iniaaiiu e ia iioiaee ia ae?oaeo. Eiaaea iu iieo/aai
oain i?iyaeoue naie oai?/aneea niiniaiinoe a ?aaioa, iu /oanoaoai naith
cia/eiinoue aeey eiiiaiee. Ieeiio ia oaeanony nio?aieoue aunieee
ii?aeueiue iano?ie, anee ii iuouaao naay iaeaiueeei aeioeeii
ei?ii?aoeaiie iaoeiu. Anee au aeaaeeoa aiciiaeiinoue aaoei nio?oaeieeai
naeaeaoue oioy au iaaieueoie aeeaae a iauaa aeaei, eo ii?aeueiue iano?ie
cia/eoaeueii iiauneony. E iaiai?io, anee ?oeiaiaeeoaee ioaeaeia
n/eoatho, /oi oi?ioea eaeae ?iaeaeathony oieueei a eo aieiaao,
iioeaaoeey e ?aaioa e iano?iaiea neoaeaueo iioneathony ieaea ioeaaie
ioiaoee.
Aia?eeaineay eiiiaiey CI oaeaeyao na?ueaciia aieiaiea iiiu?aieth
oai?/aneeo niiniaiinoae ?aaioieeia. A ?acoeueoao, iieioa?anoaoanue au?
Eiiiaiey i?iaeaao oiaa?u aieaa 50 ouny/ iaeiaiiaaiee – ia/eiay n
iiioey?iuo i?eeeaeaathueony eenoeia aeey caiaoie e caeai/eaay
aeiyeaeo?iiiuie neooiauie aiia?aoaie aeey aeooeo. Eiaaea Oa?aco Aoniai,
aiaeeoeea eiiiaiee Salomon Brothers, iii?ineee iauynieoue i?e/eiu
oniaoiie aeayoaeueiinoe yoie eiiiaiee, iia ioaaoeea: “CI nicaeaao aeey
naieo ?aaioieeia oaeea oneiaey, a eioi?uo iie iiaoo oai?eoue, e oiaaea
iaeia ca ae?oaie ?iaeaeathony aeanoyuea eaeae”. Oai?/aneee aeeaae
nio?oaeieeia a aeaei eiiiaiee i?eiineo ae oniao.
Iio?aaiinoue a aunieie ioeaiea ie?oaeathueie
Iio?aaiinoue a oii, /oiau iaoo ?aaioo oeaieee, cao?aaeaaao naiua
aeoaeiiua no?oiu /aeiaa/aneie aeooe. Iu iiaeai naa?iooue ai?u, anee
/oanoaoai, /oi ian oeaiyo, e ia oioei e iaeueoeai iioaaaeeoue, anee
/oanoaoai naay iaaeiioeaiaiiuie.
Aeey oiai /oiau au?aceoue naia iaeia?aiea iiae/eiaiiui e eieeaaai, ia
noieo i?eaeoiuaaoue a?aiaeeiciua ia?ii?eyoey, ?aaeecaoeey eioi?uo
ioieiao o aan ianno a?aiaie. Naiia i?inoia e naiia oeaiiia, /oi au
iiaeaoa naeaeaoue, – iineaoue eieeaaa caieneo ni neiaaie iioaaeu e
aunieie ioeaiee. Anee au oioeoa iiaeiyoue ii?aeueiue iano?ie
nio?oaeieeia e aeiaeoueny oniaoa a naiae aeayoaeueiinoe, iii?iaoeoa
eaaeaeue aeaiue oaeaeyoue aeanyoue ieioo oiio, /oiau iaienaoue
ianeieueei neia iiaeaea?aeee iaeiiio ec iiae/eiaiiuo. Eiaaea ae?oaea
aie?oa aan ia/ioo aeaeaoue oi aea naiia, aaoo eiiiaieth ioaaoeo
ianoiyuay “yieaeaiey” eiiieeiaioia.
Aiaae Aeaee a auoaoiiiyiooie eieaa iienuaaao oaeie neo/ae. “?aaioay iaae
iiaeaioiaeie Ieeiieeneeo ea? a Eaeaa?e, y iiaeaeeeanue eaeaae caienie n
a?oiiie iaiaaeaea?ia Eiia?ann oeaio?a e iii?ineea eo iineaoue ii aeaa
caienee naiei iiae/eiaiiui. Ye ?e/a?aea, aee?aeoi? Eiia?ann oeaio?a,
aua?ae iiaeeeoth oai?ueoeo. Iia ?aaioaea a oeaio?a iiiai eao, ieeiaaea
ia iiacaeuaaea, anaaaea auaeyaeaea i/aiue aeeo?aoii e auea i/aiue ieeui
/aeiaaeii. Eiaiii iioiio, /oi iia iaeaaeaea noieueeeie ea/anoaaie
eaeaaeueiiai ?aaioieea, n iae ieeiaaea ia aicieeaei ieeaeeo i?iaeai e
aeaiueia auiaaeaea ec iiey c?aiey ?oeiaiaeeoaeae. Ia iaienaiea caienee,
a eioi?ie aee?aeoi? Oeaio?a aeaaiaea?ee oai?ueoeo ca aa iniaua ea/anoaa,
ooei anaai aeaa ieioou. Ia neaaeothuaa oo?i a ioen aee?aeoi?a aioea
oai?ueoea. A aa aeacao noiyee neacu, a ?oeao iia naeeiaea caieneo.
“Ieeiaaea a aeecie, – i?iaiai?eea iia, – ieeoi iaiy ia oeaiee oae, eae
au”. AEaiueia ?annuiaeanue a aeaaiaea?iinoyo ca oi, /oi iaiaaeaea? iaoae
a?aiy ia iaienaiea caienee. Iicaea Ye neacae iia, /oi, ia aai acaeyae,
ii iieo/aao io yoeo caienie noieueei aea, neieueei e oa, eiio iie
i?aaeiacia/athony. Eiaaea a eiiiaiee ia/eiaaony “yieaeaiey iioaae”,
ethaie aa ?aaioiee /oanoaoao naay eo/oa…”
Io a eaeiaa aea eiia/iay auaiaea? ?aaioieee, eioi?uo oeaieo
?oeiaiaenoai, aoaeoo oeaieoue naiaai iieoiaoaey. E eeeaio iaycaoaeueii
yoi ii/oanoaoao. I?inoia, ii i/aiue iieaciia caeeth/aiea.
Iio?aaiinoue a i?eciaiee e iaa?aaea
Iio?aaiinoue a i?eciaiee e iaa?aaea ?iaenoaaiia no?aieaieth ?aaioieeia e
aunieie ioeaiea ni noi?iiu ie?oaeathueo. I?eciaiea caneoa ?aaioieea –
yoi aunieay ioeaiea aai aeeaaea a iauaa aeaei a i?enoonoaee eieeaa.
Iioaaea nio?oaeieea ia aeacao aai nineoaeeaoeaa i?eiineo aeaieioth
iieueco, eai yooaeo aa aicaeaenoaey oaeaaeaaaony. Iiiu?aiea neoaeeo
iaiaaeeaiiie iaa?aaeie ca oi?iooth ?aaioo aeoa?o, iocueaioo, naoe?eeo,
i?ioanneiiaeueiiio i?aoi?o eee nayuaiieeo. Iie iieo/atho aai a aeaea
niaoa, aieiaeeniaioia e iaaoeee. Eaaeaeue ec ian ioaeaeaaony a oaeii aea
i?eciaiee, e ethaiio ec ian oi/aony aai iieo/eoue. Ii eoi aoaeao
aieiaee?iaaoue eanne?o, nae?aoa?oa eee oai?ueoea? Ia /oi iiaoo
?ann/eouaaoue iie? ?acaa /oi ia iaaieueoia iiauoaiea ieeaaea a ia/aea
neaaeothuaai aiaea?
I/aiue oiii iinooiaao oa eiiiaiey, eioi?ay iiieiaao iio?aaiinoue naieo
?aaioieeia a iiiu?aiee. Nianai ia iaycaoaeueii, /oiau iaa?aaea auea
aei?iaie e caoiiie. Yoi iiaeao auoue aiaieaiiaue auoiaeiie, iiaea?ie,
aoeao oeaaoia, aeeaou ia nii?oeaiia ni?aaiiaaiea eee aeaaea i?eaeaoaiea
ia aa/a?eieo a ioena.
Aieiaiea e nio?oaeieeai aica?auaaony noi?eoeae i?aaeaiiinoueth
?aaioieeia eiiiaiee, oaeiaeaoai?aieth io naiae ?aaiou, a noaei auoue, e
iiauoaieth a eo aeacao eieaeaea e i?anoeaea eiiiaiee. Ieeoi ia iiaeao
i?eianoe aieueooth iieueco ei?ii?aoeaiiio eieaeaeo eiiiaiee, /ai
nio?oaeieee, eioi?ua ai?aeyony naiae ?aaioie.
Iio?aaiinoue a ?inoa e i?iaeaeaeaiee
I. Ianeii ieoao, /oi a 1987 aiaeo a aacaoa USA Today auei iioaeeeiaaii
iaeii i/aiue eioa?aniia enneaaeiaaiea iiae iacaaieai “I?e/eiu
oaieueiaiey ?aaioieeia”. Iniiao aai ninoaaeee iaoa?eaeu ii?ina, eioi?ue
i?iaaea eiinaeoeiaiaay eiiiaiey Robert Half International. E naiaio
oaeeaeaieth, enneaaeiaaoaee iaia?oaeeee, /oi a nienea aeaaiuo i?e/ei
oaieueiaiey aeaiueae caieiatho iineaaeiaa ianoi. Aeaaiay i?e/eia
iaaeiaieuenoaa ?aaioieeia ninoiyea a ia?aie/aiiuo aiciiaeiinoyo aeey
?inoa. Ia yoii oiiiyioee 47% anao ?aniiiaeaioia. Aua 26% iniiaiie
i?e/eiie naiaai ooiaea iacaaee oi, /oi ieeoi ec ?oeiaiaenoaa ia ioeaiee
eo oniaoioth ?aaioo.
Nieceoue oaeo/anoue eaae?ia eee iiauneoue iioeaaoeeth e ?aaioa
nio?oaeieeia iiiiaaao ioithaeue ia aunieee o?iaaiue ca?ieaou. Ana aeaei
caeeth/aaony a oaeiaeaoai?aiee yiioeeiiaeueiuo iio?aaiinoae ?aaioieeia.
Eiaaea naie nio?oaeieee n/eoatho, /oi eo iaoiaeyo, i?eaeaoay
iaiaaeaea?ia ni noi?iiu, ii?aeueiue iano?ie eieeaeoeaa iaecaaaeii
iaaeaao. ?aaioieee /oanoaotho, /oi eae au oi?ioi iie ie ?aaioaee, iie
ieeiaaea ia niiaoo i?iaeaeiooueny ii neoaeaa. Yoi ia cia/eo, /oi ia
ioaeii ii?aaeaeyoue, niioaaonoaoao ee iaeee nio?oaeiee auoanoiyuae
aeieaeiinoe. Aiciiaeiinoe ea?uea?iiai ?inoa ?aaioieeia eiatho ioiioaiea
nei?aa e iauae ei?ii?aoeaiie oeeinioee eiiiaiee, a ia e eaeie-oi
ioaeaeueiie neooaoeee. Aeaei a oii, /oi eiiiaiey, eioi?ay eniieuecoao
iieeoeeo i?iaeaeaeaiey naieo nio?oaeieeia (eae, iai?eia?, eiiiaiey IBM n
a? nenoaiie iiaeeciaiiiai iaeia) e oeaieo eo caneoae, iieo/aao acaiai
i?aaeaiiiai, auniei iioeae?iaaiiiai, i?iaeoeoeaiiai ?aaioieea e ieceoth
oaeo/anoue eaae?ia, /oi i?aaeii?aaeaeyao aa oeiainiaua oniaoe.
Caeeth/aiea
Eoae, iu n aaie ?anniio?aee, iiaeaeoe, ana iaeaieaa aaaeiua yeaiaiou
eieaeaea eiiiaiee, a oaeaea i?ioeannu, iaiaoiaeeiua aeey nicaeaiey
aeaiiuo yeaiaioia. Noieo eeoue aeiaaaeoue, /oi i?ioeann nicaeaiey
eieaeaea, i?ioo i?inoeoue ca oaaoieiaeth, yoi iinoiyiiue i?ioeann
niaa?oainoaiaaiey noeey e oeeinioee eiiiaiee, ?ac?aaioee iiauo ao?eaooia
e niaa?oainoaiaaiey noa?uo, ia?aniio? eaeae e iiene iiauo iiaeoiaeia.
Eeoa?aoo?a:
1. O, Eioea? “Iniiau ia?eaoeiaa”, 1998 a.
2. I. Aeieeue “Iaiaaeaeiaio: no?aoaaey e oaeoeea” 1999a.
3. O. Aiaea? “I?aeoe/aneee ia?eaoeia” 1999a.
4. A. Aeaee “Eieaeae oe?iu: ieaie?iaaiea, oi?ie?iaaiea, i?iaeaeaeaiea”
1999a.
5. I. Ianeii, I. Aeueaa?o, O. Oaaeio?e “Iniiau iaiaaeaeiaioa” 1996a.
6. I.N. Aeoaineee, A.E. Iaoiia “Iaiaaeaeiaio” 1996a.
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