Einoeooo i?aaa, nioeeaeueiiai oi?aaeaiey e aaciianiinoe
TH?eaee/aneee oaeoeueoao
Eo?niaay ?aaioa
ii a?aaeaeaineiio i?aao
ia oaio:
Iauea oneiaey
aiciauaiey eiouanoaaiiiai a?aaea.
Auiieieea:
nooaeaioea AeI a?oiiu 12-36
Oo?iaeia N. N.
Eaeaane 1999 a.
Ieai.
TOC \o “1-3” Aaaaeaiea. GOTOBUTTON _Toc452046808 PAGEREF
_Toc452046808 4
Aeaaa 1. Iiiyoea e cia/aiea a?aaea eae oneiaey aicieeiiaaiey aeaeeeoiie
ioaaonoaaiiinoe. GOTOBUTTON _Toc452046809 PAGEREF _Toc452046809 7
Aeaaa 2. I?ioeaii?aaiia iiaaaeaiea eae oneiaea aeaeeeoiie
IOAAONOAAIIINOE. GOTOBUTTON _Toc452046810 PAGEREF _Toc452046810 11
Aeaaa 3. Iiiyoea e a?aieoeu th?eaee/anee cia/eiie i?e/eiiie nayce.
GOTOBUTTON _Toc452046811 PAGEREF _Toc452046811 15
Aeaaa 4. Aeia e neo/ae a aeaeeeoiuo iaycaoaeuenoaao. Iai?aiaeieeiay
neea eae i?aaeae ioaaonoaaiiinoe aeaaeaeueoea enoi/ieea iiauoaiiie
iianiinoe. GOTOBUTTON _Toc452046812 PAGEREF _Toc452046812 20
Caeeth/aiea. GOTOBUTTON _Toc452046813 PAGEREF _Toc452046813 31
Nienie eniieueciaaiiie eeoa?aoo?u: GOTOBUTTON _Toc452046814 PAGEREF
_Toc452046814 32
Ii?iaoeaiue iaoa?eae e noaeaaiay i?aeoeea: GOTOBUTTON _Toc452046815
PAGEREF _Toc452046815 32
Aaaaeaiea.
O?oaeii iacaaoue i?iaeaio, eioi?ay aucaaea au aieaa iaeeaeaiioth e
ao?ioth aeeneonneth a oeeaeeenoe/aneie iaoea, /ai aii?in ia iniiaaieyo e
oneiaeyo a?aaeaeainei-i?aaiaie ioaaonoaaiiinoe aiiaua, aeaeeeoiie
ioaaonoaaiiinoe a /anoiinoe.
Neaaeoao ioiaoeoue i?aaeaea anaai /oi a th?eaee/aneie eeoa?aoo?a,
iinayuaiiie aeaeeeoiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe, iiiyoey “iniiaaiea” e “oneiaea”
ia?aaeei niaoeaathony e oiio?aaeythony eae oiaeaeanoaaiiua. Iaaeaeo oai
yoe iiiyoey eiatho ?acee/ea ia oieueei niuneiaia, ii e th?eaee/aneia.
Iniiaaiea ( yoi oi, /oi ii?iaeaeaao eaeia-eeai yaeaiea, ooiaeaiaio, ia
eioi?ue iineaaeiaa iie?aaony e eioi?ue ii?aaeaeyao aai i?e?iaeo.
Oneiaey ( oa i?eciaee, eioi?ua oa?aeoa?ecotho iniiaaiea e aac iaee/ey
eioi?uo yaeaiea ia iiaeao aicieeiooue.
Oaeei ia?acii, iniiaaiea ( yoi th?eaee/aneee oaeo, ii?iaeaeathuee
aicieeiiaaiea, ii?aaeaeaiiuo i?aaiioiioaiee, eo eciaiaiea eee
i?ae?auaiea eee oi, ec /aai aicieeaao iaycaiiinoue i?e/eieoaey a?aaea.
Oneiaey ( oa i?eciaee, eioi?ua oa?aeoa?ecotho yoio oaeo a oeaeii eee
ioaeaeueiua aai noi?iiu.
A aeaeeeoiuo iaycaoaeuenoaao oaeei th?eaee/aneei oaeoii (iniiaaieai),
ii?iaeaeathuei iaycaiiinoue ii aiciauaieth a?aaea, yaeyaony aeayiea,
i?e/eiythuaa a?aae ( i?aaiia?ooaiea.
*oi aea eanaaony oneiaee eee ii?iaoeaiuo o?aaiaaiee, eioi?ui aeieaeai
ioaa/aoue yoio oaeo, oi caeii ii?aaeaeyao eo ?acee/ii. A iaeieo neo/ayo
aeey aicieeiiaaiey ioaaonoaaiiinoe iaiaoiaeeii iaee/ea aeiu, a ae?oaeo (
ioaaonoaaiiinoue ianooiaao iacaaeneii io aeiu e aeaaea aac aeiu. A
o?aoueeo ( o/eouaaaony niaoeeoeea aeayoaeueiinoe, i?e inouanoaeaiee
eioi?ie i?e/eiyaony a?aae. A /aoaa?ouo ( e?iia o/aoa oa?aeoa?a
aeayoaeueiinoe iaiaoiaeeii iaee/ea aua niaoeeaeueiiai caeiia,
i?aaeoniao?eaathuaai ioaaonoaaiiinoue ca i?e/eiaiea a?aaea e o.ae.
N o/aoii cia/aiey aeey aiceiaeaiey a?aaeaeainei-i?aaiaie ioaaonoaaiiinoe
ca i?e/eiaiea a?aaea ana yoe oneiaey iiaoo auoue ?acaeou ia aeaa
aieueoea a?oiiu ( iauea e niaoeeaeueiua.
Iauea oneiaey ioaaonoaaiiinoe ii?aaeaeaiu a no. 1064 AE ?O. E iei
ioiinyony:
ianooieaiea a?aaea;
i?ioeaii?aaiinoue iiaaaeaiey i?e/eieoaey a?aaea;
iaee/ea i?e/eiiie nayce iaaeaeo i?ioeaii?aaiui iiaaaeaieai e ianooieaoei
?acoeueoaoii (a?aaeii);
aeia i?aaiia?ooeoaey.
Ia?a/eneaiiua oneiaey i?eciathony iaueie iioiio, /oi aeey aicieeiiaaiey
aeaeeeoiiai iaycaoaeuenoaa eo iaee/ea iaiaoiaeeii ai anao neo/ayo, anee
eiia ia onoaiiaeaii caeiiii.
Anee aea caeii eciaiyao, ia?aie/eaaao eee ?anoe?yao e?oa oneiaee,
iaiaoiaeeiuo aeey aicieeiiaaiey ioaaonoaaiiinoe ca i?e/eiaiiue a?aae, oi
aiai?yo i niaoeeaeueiuo oneiaeyo ioaaonoaaiiinoe. Niaoeeaeueiua oneiaey
oa?aeoa?ecotho iniaaiiinoe oao eee eiuo i?aaiia?ooaiee. Yoe oneiaey
iiaoo ii?aaeaeyoueny oa?aeoa?ii aeayoaeueiinoe, i?e inouanoaeaiee
eioi?ie i?e/eiyaony a?aae. A iaeieo neo/ayo yoa aeayoaeueiinoue
i?aaenoaaeyao iiauoaiioth iianiinoue aeey ie?oaeathueo, a iioiio
aucuaaao iaiaoiaeeiinoue a iiauoaiiie io?aia eioa?ania oao, eoi iiaeao
iino?aaeaoue io iaa. A ae?oaeo neo/ayo naia niaoeeoeea aeayoaeueiinoe
eneeth/aao aiciiaeiinoue aiceiaeaiey ioaaonoaaiiinoe ca i?e/eiaiiue
a?aae ia iaueo iniiaaieyo e o?aaoao o/aoa oa?aeoa?a ooieoeee,
auiieiyaiuo i?e/eieoaeai a?aaea e iniaaiiinoe aai i?aaiaiai iieiaeaiey
(iai?eia?, ioaaonoaaiiinoue ca a?aae, i?e/eiaiiue a?aaeaeaieio
aeaenoaeyie i?aaiia aeiciaiey, neaaenoaey, i?ieo?aoo?u e noaea ( no.
1070 AE ?O).
Eiiaaea aeey aiceiaeaiey ioaaonoaaiiinoe ca i?e/eiaiiue a?aae ia iniiaa
iaueo eee niaoeeaeueiuo i?aaee, caeii o/eouaaao iaee/ea eee ionoonoaea
ii?aaeaeaiiuo i?aaiioiioaiee iaaeaeo iioa?iaaoei e ioaao/eeii, a oaeaea
oneiaey, i?e eioi?uo i?e/eiyaony a?aae (ioaaonoaaiiinoue no?aoiaaoaey ca
a?aae i?e/eiaiiue cano?aoiaaiiiio ei eeoeo).
Anee caeii ia i?aaeoniao?eaaao iaiaoiaeeiinoe o/aoa niaoeeaeueiuo
oneiaee aeey aiceiaeaiey ia i?aaiia?ooeoaey iaycaiiinoe ii aiciauaieth
a?aaea, oi ioaaonoaaiiinoue ianooiaao i?e iaee/ee iaueo oneiaeyo. A
aeaiiie eo?niaie ?aaioa y iiiuoathnue iiiiae?iaiaa (ianeieueei yoi
oaeanony), ?ane?uoue eaaeaeia ec iaueo oneiaee, oaeeo eae a?aae,
i?ioeaii?aaiinoue, i?e/eiiay naycue e aeia, a oaeaea iaiiiai einiooueny
aii?ina ia ioaaonoaaiiinoe ca neo/aeiia i?e/eiaiea a?aaea.
Aeaaa 1.
Iiiyoea e cia/aiea a?aaea
eae oneiaey aicieeiiaaiey aeaeeeoiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe.
N?aaee iaueo oneiaee aeaeeeoiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe ia ia?aia ianoi
auaeaeaaaony a?aae, iineieueeo i?e aai ionoonoaee, ianiio?y ia iaee/ea
i?ioeaii?aaiiai e aeiiaiiai iiaaaeaiey i?aaiia?ooeoaey, aeaeeeoiia
iaycaoaeuenoai ia aicieeaao. Iao a?aaea ( ia/aai e aiciauaoue.
A?aae n o/aoii eiie?aoiuo ianoiyoaeuenoa iiaeao au?aaeaoueny eae a
oie/oiaeaiee, iia?aaeaeaiee eiouanoaa, a i?e/eiaiee oaa/uey eee nia?oe a
aeooaaiuo, i?aanoaaiiuo no?aaeaieyo eeoea e o.ae.
iiiyoea a?aaea aiaeece?oaony iau/ii i?e ?anniio?aiee oaeeo i?aaiauo
eaoaai?ee, eae i?aaiia?ooaiea e ioaaonoaaiiinoue. Anyeia i?aaiia?ooaiea
a?aaeii, iineieueeo iauaeoii iinyaaoaeuenoaa aunooiatho iauanoaaiiua
ioiioaiey. Iii i?e/eiyao a?aae oae, eae aiineo aeaci?aaiecaoeeth
iauanoaaiiue ioiioaiee. A yoii niunea a?aae i?aaenoaaeyao niaie
nioeeaeueioth eaoaai?eth.
Iauanoaaiiua ioiioaiey o?aaoee?iaaiiua ii?iaie i?aaa i?eia?aoatho
oa?aeoa? i?aaiioiioaiee. A iineieueeo i?aaiia?ooaiea iinyaaao ia yoe
i?aaiioiioaiey, ii?iu i?aaa eo o?aaoee?iaaaoea noauaeoeaiua i?aaa e
i?aaiii?yaeie a oeaeii, oi n yoie oi/ee c?aiey a?aae oa?aeoa?ecoaony eae
th?eaee/aneay eaoaai?ey.
Iinyaaoaeuenoai ia noauaeoeaiua i?aaa aea/ao oiaeaiea oaeoe/aneiai
iauaeoa i?aaiia?ooaiey – eiouanoaaiiuo e iaeiouanoaaiiuo aeaa. Iiyoiio
oaeoe/aneee a?aae ii?aaeaeyaony eae oiaeaiea oiai eee eiiai ee/iiai eee
eiouanoaaiiiai aeaaa.
Aicieeiiaaiea a?aaea aiciiaeii oieueei a nioeeaeueii-th?eaee/aneii
niunea. A yoii neo/aa a?aaeaeainei-i?aaiaay ioaaonoaaiiinoue ia
ianooiaao. E?iia oiai, oiaeaiea aeaa iiaeao auoue aucaaii ia oieueei a
?acoeueoaoa aeaenoaee i?aaiia?ooeoaey, ii e ae?oaeo oaeoi?ia, a oii
/enea i?aaiia?iuo aeaenoaee, aeaenoaey naiiai i?aaiiaeaaeaoaey eee
iai?aiaeieeiie neeu. A oaeeo neooaoeeyo aii?in i aiciauaiee
eiouanoaaiiiai a?aaea ?aoaaony n o/aoii eiie?aoiuo ianoiyoaeuenoa e
o?aaiaaiee caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa. Oae i?e i?e/eiaiee a?aaea aeaenoaeai
iai?aiaeieeiie neeu, ?ene neo/aeiie aeaaee ianao nianoaaiiee (no. 211 AE
?O).
Oaeei ia?acii, a ea/anoaa oneiaey aicieeiiaaiey ?anniao?eaaaiiai
iaycaoaeuenoaa a?aae ( yoi ia naii ia?ooaiea i?aaa eee aeaaa, a
iineaaenoaey oaeiai ia?ooaiey. Anee aiai?eoue i aiciauaiee
eiouanoaaiiiai a?aaea, oi yoi eiouanoaaiiua iineaaenoaey, eioi?ua aia
yeiiiie/aneiai niaea?aeaiey ia eiatho th?eaee/aneiai cia/aiey. Eoae,
eiouanoaaiiue a?aae ( yoi yeiiiie/aneea iineaaenoaey i?aaiia?ooaiey,
eiathuea noieiinoioth oi?io. A ii?iaoeaiuo aeoao e a eeoa?aoo?a ia?yaeo
n oa?ieiii “a?aae” oiio?aaeyaony oaeaea oa?iei “oua?a” e “oauoee”.
Oa?ieiu “a?aae” e “oua?a” oiio?aaeythony eae i?aaeei a ea/anoaa
neiiieiia a niunea oiaeaiey io?aiyaiuo caeiiii aeaa. Nouanoaoao oaeaea
oaeay oi/ea c?aiey, /oi oua?a – yoi iaoo?aeueii-aauanoaaiiay oi?ia
au?aaeaiey a?aaea, eioi?ie niioaaonoaoao e iaeei ec onoaiiaeaiiuo a
caeiia niiniaia aai aiciauaiey – aiciauaiea a iaoo?a (i?aaenoaaeaiea
aaue oiai aea ?iaea e ea/anoaa eee eni?aaeaiea iia?aaeaeaiiie aaue e
o.i.).
Iiae oauoeaie aea iiieiaaony aeaiaaeiay ioeaiea oiai a?aaea, eioi?ue
i?e/eiai aeaeeeaaioii.
I?e i?e/eiaiee a?aaea eiouanoao niiiaiee eae i?aaeei ia aicieeaao. A
eaaeaeii neo/aa a caaeneiinoe io oiai, eaeia eiouanoai e a eaeie oi?ia
iino?aaeaei, aoaeao iaiyoueny e oa?aeoa? a?aaea.
A iaueo /a?oao, aeey anao neo/aaa i?e/eiaiey a?aaea a aai ninoaa aoiaeyo
?anoiaeu, eioi?ua eeoei, /uea i?aai ia?ooaii , i?iecaaei eee aeieaeii
aoaeao i?iecaanoe aeey aai ainnoaiiaeaiey, oo?aoa eee iia?aaeaeaiea
eiouanoaa (?aaeueiue oua?a), a oaeaea iaiieo/aiiua aeioiaeu, eioi?ua yoi
eeoei iieo/eei au i?e iau/iuo oneiaeyo a?aaeaeaineiai iai?ioa, anee au
aai i?aai ia auei ia?ooaii (oiouaiiay auaiaea).
?anoiaeu iiaoo ninoaaeyoue, iai?eia?, noieiinoue ainnoaiiaeoaeueiiai
?aiiioa, caiaia cai/anoae, eiiieaeoothueo e o.ae. I?e yoii ?a/ue eaeao
oieueei i iaiaoiaeeiuo ?anoiaeao.
E oo?aoa eiouanoaa ioiineony ia oieueei oece/aneia oie/oiaeaiea aaue, ii
e auauoea eo ec oicyenoaaiiiai iai?ioa. A yoii neo/aa eiouanoai
i?iaeieaeaao nouanoaiaaoue, ii ia iiaeao eniieueciaaoueny a
iineaaeothuai ii iacia/aieth.
I?e iia?aaeaeaiee eiouanoai iiaeao i?eeoe a iieioth iai?eaiaeiinoue, /oi
i?e?aaieaaaony e aai oo?aoa eeai iieo/eoue aeaoaeou, naycaiiua n
oooaeoaieai aai iio?aaeoaeueneeo ea/anoa, aiaoiaai aeaea e nieaeaieai
noieiinoe.
I?e ii?aaeaeaiee oiouaiiie auaiaeu neaaeoao iiiieoue, /oi a yoii neo/aa
eiouanoai ia oaaee/eeinue, oioy e iiaei oaaee/eoueny, anee au ia
i?aaiia?ooaiea, oi anoue e oiouaiiie auaiaea iiaeii ioianoe ana
aeioiaeu, eioi?ua iieo/eei au eeoei, anee au i?e/eieoaeue a?aaea ia
niaa?oee au i?ioeaii?aaiie aeoeee a ioiioaiee iioa?iaaoaai.
Iaeiaei eiouanoaaiiue a?aae iiaeao auoue neaaenoaeai ouaieaiey
(ia?ooaiey) iaeiouanoaaiiuo aeaa, iai?eia?, i?e/eiaiea a?aaea aeecie e
caei?iaueth a?aaeaeaieia. Aicieeaao aii?in: a /ai aea eiie?aoii a
aeaiiii neo/aa iiaeao au?aaeaoueny eiouanoaaiiue a?aae. I/aaeaeii, /oi
aeeciue eee caei?iauea /aeiaaea ia iiaeeaaeao aeaiaaeiie eee eiie
eiouanoaaiiie ioeaiea. Iaeuecy iaeiaei ia o/eouaaoue, /oi ninoiyieai
caei?iauey /aeiaaea iaoneiaeaia aai niiniaiinoue e o?oaeo
(o?oaeiniiniaiinoue), a, neaaeiaaoaeueii, e aiciiaeiinoue iaoa?eaeueiiai
(eiouanoaaiiiai) iaania/aiey, oaeiaeaoai?aiea naieo iio?aaiinoae.
Nieaeaiea yoie niiniaiinoe iau/ii aea/ao e oooaeoaiea eiouanoaaiiiai
iieiaeaiey a?aaeaeaieia a neeo oiai, /oi ii a?aiaiii, eeai aeaaea
iinoiyiii ia iiaeao ?aaioaoue eae ?aiueoa: n oie aea iaa?oceie, a oie
aea aeieaeiinoe e o.i.
E?iia oiai ii?aaeaeaiiua iaoa?eaeueiua cao?aou a?aaeaeaiei iiaeao
iiianoe aeey ainnoaiiaeaiey naiaai caei?iauey.
Aeaaa 2.
I?ioeaii?aaiia iiaaaeaiea
eae oneiaea aeaeeeoiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe.
Aiceiaeaiea iaycaiiinoe aicianoeoue a?aae iiaeao eiaoue ianoi eeoue i?e
oii iai?aiaiiii oneiaee, anee a?aae aucaai i?ioeaii?aaiui iiaaaeaieai.
A?aae, i?e/eiaiiue i?aaiia?iuie aeaenoaeyie iiaeeaaeeo aiciauaieth eeoue
a neo/ayo, oeacaiiuo a caeiia (/. 3 no. 1064 AE ?O).
A?aaeaeaineia caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai ia aeaao iiiyoey i?ioeaii?aaiiai
iiaaaeaiey, eae ia niaea?aeeo e ia?a/iy aeaenoaey, eioi?ua i?eciathony
oaeiauie.
I?ioeaii?aaiinoue iiaaaeaiey au?aaeaaony i?aaeaea anaai a oaeoe/aneii
i?ioeai?a/ee iiaaaeaiey eeoea aeaenoaothuaio caeiiiaeaoaeuenoao (nthaea
aeeth/athony e iiaecaeiiiua aeou) eee iauei ia/aeai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa,
oi anoue aai i?eioeeiai.
Iaycaoaeuenoaa ec i?e/eiaiey a?aaea iie?athony ia i?eioeei aaia?aeueiiai
aeaeeeoa, /oi icia/aao iauee cai?ao i?e/eiyoue a?aae eiouanoao e
ee/iinoe eiai-eeai. A niioaaonoaee n iei anyeia i?e/eiaiea a?aaea
ae?oaiio i?ioeaii?aaii. Iiyoiio aeey inaiaiaeaeaiey io iaycaiiinoe
aicianoeoue a?aae i?e/eieoaeue a eaaeaeii eiie?aoiii neo/aa aeieaeai
aeieacaoue i?aaiia?iinoue naiaai iiaaaeaiey.
Iineieueeo ii?iu i?aaa cae?aieytho e ?aaoee?otho ii?aaeaeaiiua
iauanoaaiiua ioiioaiey e noauaeoeaiua i?aaa eo o/anoieeia, ia?ooaiea
ii?iu i?aaa anaaaea icia/aao ia?ooaiea ?aaoee?oaiiai ath iauanoaaiiiai
ioiioaiey. Aianoa n oai i?e a?aaeaeaineii i?aaiia?ooaiee ia?ooaiea
anaaaea naycaii n ia?ooaieai noauaeoeaiiai (a ?anniao?eaaaiii neo/aa (
aaniethoiiai) i?aaa a?aaeaeai eee i?aaiecaoeee. Neaaeiaaoaeueii, anyeia
ia?ooaiea /oaeiai noauaeoeaiiai i?aaa, iiaeaeoaa i?e/eiaiea a?aaea,
i?eciaaony i?ioeaii?aaiui, anee caeiiii ia i?aaeoniio?aii eiia.
E /eneo oaeeo neo/aaa ioiineony i?e/eiaiea a?aaea a oneiaeyo
iaiaoiaeeiie iai?iiu, e?aeiae iaiaoiaeeiinoe, i?e iaee/ee i?inueau eee
niaeaney iioa?iaaoaai e o.ae.
I?ioeaii?aaiinoue iiaaaeaiey i?e/eieoaey a?aaea a oneiaeyo iaiaoiaeeiie
iai?iiu eneeth/aaony, iineieueeo aai aeaenoaey iai?aaeaiu ia caueoo
io?aiyaiuo caeiiii eioa?ania io iinyaaoaeuenoaa ia ieo. I?e/eiaiea
a?aaea a yoii neo/aa iaoneiaeaiii oai, /oi iioa?iaaoee naieie
iai?aaiia?iuie aeaenoaeyie nai nicaeaao aiciiaeiinoue i?e/eiaiey aio
a?aaea, a i?e/eiaiea a?aaea yaeyaony a oaeii neo/aa aeicaieaiiui
n?aaenoaii caueou io?aiyaiiai i?aaii aeaaa.
Noaouey 1066 AE ?O, onoaiaaeeaathuay inaiaiaeaeaiea io iaycaiiinoe
aicianoeoue a?aae, i?e/eiaiiue a ninoiyiee iaiaoiaeeiie iai?iiu anee i?e
yoii ia i?aauoaiu aa i?aaeaeu, ia niaea?aeeo iiiyoey naiie iaiaoiaeeiie
iai?iiu, eae yoi aeaeaao OE ?O. Iiyoiio a aeaiiii neo/aa neaaeoao
?oeiaiaenoaiaaoueny no. 37 OE ?O, eioi?ay ii?aaeaeyao iaiaoiaeeioth
iai?iio eae caueoo ee/iinoe e i?aa iai?iiythuaainy eee ae?oaeo eeoe,
io?aiyaiuo caeiiii eioa?ania iauanoaa eee ainoaea?noaa io
iauanoaaiii-iianiiai iinyaaoaeuenoaa.
I?aai ia iaiaoiaeeioth iai?iio e, neaaeiaaoaeueii, ia aiciiaeiinoue
i?e/eiaiey a?aaea a yoeo oneiaeyo aicieeaao eeoue oiaaea, eiaaea
iinyaaoaeuenoai ia caueuaaiua i?aaa yaeyaony iaee/iui. Anee aea
iianiinoue iinyaaoaeuenoaa oieueei i?aaeiieaaaaony eee oaea i?ioea,
i?e/eiaiea a?aaea aoaeao iai?aaiia?iui. Ii a?aae i?e/eiaiiue a ninoiyiee
iaiaoiaeeiie iai?iiu, ia iiaeeaaeeo aiciauaieth eeoue i?e oneiaee, /oi
ii i?e/eiai naiiio iinyaaaoaio ia caueuaaiua eioa?anu. Anee a nayce n
iaiaoiaeeiie iai?iiie a?aae i?e/eiai o?aoueei eeoeai, ii iiaeeaaeeo
aiciauaieth ia iaueo iniiaaieyo.
I?e i?aauoaiee aea i?aaeaeia iaiaoiaeeiie iai?iiu i?e/eieoaeue
iaycuaaaony e aiciauaieth a?aaea a iieiii iauaia eee /anoe/ii n o/aoii
aeiu iioa?iaaoaai.
I?e/eiaiea a?aaea a ninoiyiee e?aeiae iaiaoiaeeiinoe oaeaea yaeyaony
i?aaiia?iui, oioy e ia anaaaea eneeth/aao aiceiaeaiea iaycaiiinoe
aicianoeoue aai ia eeoei, aeaenoaiaaaoaa a ninoiyiee e?aeiae
iaiaoiaeeiinoe. Iiae e?aeiae iaiaoiaeeiinoueth iiieiaaony, niaeanii no.
1067 AE ?O, ono?aiaiea iianiinoe, oa?iaeathuae naiiio i?e/eieoaeth
a?aaea eee ae?oaei eeoeai, anee yoa iianiinoue i?e aeaiiuo
ianoiyoaeuenoaao ia iiaea auoue ono?aiaia eiuie n?aaenoaaie. Iiiyoea
e?aeiae iaiaoiaeeiinoe eniieuecoaony a i?aaa aeey iaicia/aiey neooaoeee,
ieacaaoenue a eioi?ie eeoei auioaeaeaii aeey nianaiey iaeiiai aeaaa
iiaea?oaiaaoue ae?oaei.
Aeey i?eciaiey iianiie neooaoeee e?aeiae iaiaoiaeeiinoueth a i?aaiaii
niunea yoiai iiiyoey iaiaoiaeeii /oiau i?eiineiia a aea?oao aeaai auei
iaiaa oeaiiui, /ai nianaaiia aeaai e /oiau ionoonoaiaaea aiciiaeiinoue
ono?aiaiey iianiinoe eaeeie au oi ia auei ae?oaeie n?aaenoaaie, oi anoue
ia auei ae?oaiai auoiaea a neiaeeaoeony ianoiyoaeuenoaao.
Noaouey 1067 AE ?O i?aaeoniao?eaaao, /oi a?aae, i?e/eiaiiue a ninoiyiee
e?aeiae iaiaoiaeeiinoe, aeieaeai auoue aiciauai eeoeii, i?e/eieaoei
a?aae. Naycaii yoi n oai, /oi iioa?iaaoee ia niaa?oaao i?ioeaii?aaiuo
aeaenoaee, ii ieacuaaaony aea?oaie noa/aiey ianoiyoaeuenoa, iinyueo
neo/aeiue oa?aeoa?. Iaeiaei noae, o/eouaay eiie?aoiua ianoiyoaeuenoaa,
i?e eioi?uo aue i?e/eiai oaeie a?aae, iiaeao aiceiaeeoue iaycaiiinoue
aai aiciauaiey ia o?aouea eeoei, a eioa?anao eioi?iai aeaenoaiaae
i?e/eieoaeue a?aaea eee inaiaiaeeoue io aiciauaiey a?aaea iieiinoueth
eee /anoe/ii eae yoi o?aouea eeoei, oae e eeoei, i?e/eieaoaa a?aae (no.
1067 AE ?O).
Iaycaiiinoue iieiiai eee /anoe/iiai aiciauaiey, aiceaaaaiay ia
i?e/eieoaey a?aaea e o?aouea eeoei iaeiia?aiaiii, aeieaeia auoue
ii?aaeaeaia noaeii ii i?eioeeio aeieaaie ioaaonoaaiiinoe, enoiaey ec
oaeoe/aneeo ianoiyoaeuenoa aeaea.
I?aaiia?iui n/eoaaony e i?e/eiaiea a?aaea i?e inouanoaeaiee i?aaa eee
eniieiaiee iaycaiiinoe (iai?eia?, oie/oiaeaiea caaieaaoeo aeeaioiuo n
oeaeueth i?aaeioa?auaiey yieciioee eee i?e/eiaiea a?aaea oie/oiaeaieai
ianaaeaeaieai e iinaaia i?e ecuyoee caiaeueiiai o/anoea aeey
ainoaea?noaaiiuo ioaeae e o.ae.). Anee, iaeiaei, inouanoaeaiea i?aaa
naycaii ni niaoeeaeueiui iaia?aieai i?e/eieoue eiio-oi a?aae, oi oaeia
iiaaaeaiea aoaeao i?ioeaii?aaiui (no. 10 AE ?O).
E?iia oiai, iiaeii iacaaoue i?e/eiaiea a?aaea a oneiaeyo i?aaiia?iiai
?enea, eiaaea iioa?iaaoee aeaao niaeanea ia niaa?oaiea aeaenoaee, a
?acoeueoaoa eioi?uo aio iiaeao auoue i?e/eiai a?aae. Iai?eia?, niaeanea
?aaioieea ia auiieiaiea iianiuo ?aaio a ?aieao o?oaeiauo i?aaiioiioaiee
(eniuoaoaee naiieaoia, aaoiiaoei, iioioeeeeia e o.i.). Ii anee a
oeacaiiuo oneiaeyo i?e/eiaiea a?aaea i?iecieaeao aneaaenoaea ia?ooaiey
ii?i e i?aaee, oi ioaaonoaaiiinoue aoaeao ii?aaeaeyoueny iaueie
iieiaeaieyie.
Aiaeiae/iue oa?aeoa? iineo niaeanea aieueiiai eee aai ?iaenoaaiieeia ia
i?iaaaeaiea iia?aoeee ee i?eiaiaiey iiauo i?aia?aoia e iaoiaeia ea/aiey,
eioi?ua ia eneeth/atho aiciiaeiinoe iaaeaaii?eyoiiai enoiaea.
I?ioeaii?aaiui iiaeao auoue eae aeaenoaea, oae e aacaeaenoaea
(oiouaiea). I?ioeaii?aaiue oa?aeoa? aeaenoaey, eioi?ui i?e/eiai a?aae,
iau/ii niiiaiee ia aucuaaao, yoi, eae i?aaeei, oa neo/ae, eiaaea
niioaaonoaothuaa aeaenoaea ia?acoao ninoaa oaieiaiiai eee
aaeieieno?aoeaiiai i?aaiia?ooaiey eee i?inooiea e cai?auaiea iiaeiaiuo
aeaenoaee i?yii i?aaeoniio?aii caeiiii. Ii aeaaea anee oaeiai oeacaiey a
caeiia iao, ethaia aeaenoaea, ia?ooathuaa iauea i?aaeienaiey caeiia ia
i?e/eiyoue ae?oaiio a?aae, aeieaeii auoue i?eciaii i?ioeaii?aaiui.
I?ioeaii?aaiinoue aacaeaenoaee ia?aaeei aucuaaao niiiaiea i?e ?ac?aoaiee
eiie?aoiuo aeae. Aeey i?aaeeueiiai eo ?ac?aoaiey neaaeoao eiaoue a
aeaeo, /oi ioaaonoaaiiinoue ca aacaeaenoaea iiaeao auoue aiceiaeaia
eeoue oiaaea, eiaaea eeoei auei iaycaii niaa?oeoue ii?aaeaeaiiia
aeaenoaea, ii ia niaa?oeei aai. A yoii neo/aa i?ioeaii?aaiue oa?aeoa?
aacaeaenoaey ii?aaeaeyaony iaeniieiaieai aiceiaeaiiie ia yoi eeoei
iaycaiiinoe.
Iaycaiiinoue niaa?oaiey ii?aaeaeaiiuo aeaenoaee, ia?ooaieai eioi?ie
i?e/eiyaony a?aae, aeieaeia auoue iniiaaia ia caeiia. E oiio aea
ianiaa?oaiea aeaenoaee oieueei oiaaea yaeyaony i?aaiia?ooaieai, eiaaea
naii eo niaa?oaiea iaoiaeeeinue a naiaiaeiie aiea eeoea. Iiyoiio, anee
eeoei iauaeoeaii auei eeoaii aiciiaeiinoe niaa?oeoue oaeea aeaenoaey, ii
ia aeieaeii ianoe ioaaonoaaiiinoe ca oaeie a?aaeiiiniie ?acoeueoao, eai
eeoei ia iiaeao ioaa/aoue ca iineaaenoaey, ono?aiaiea eioi?uo auei aia
i?aaeaeia aai aiciiaeiinoae.
Aeaaa 3.
Iiiyoea e a?aieoeu
th?eaee/anee cia/eiie i?e/eiiie nayce.
I?e/eiiay naycue iaaeaeo i?ioeaii?aaiui iiaaaeaieai e ianooieaoei
a?aaeii yaeyaony iaycaoaeueiui oneiaeai ianooieaiey aeaeeeoiie
ioaaonoaaiiinoe. Eae iaeii ec iauaeoeaiuo oneiaee ioaaonoaaiiinoe
i?e/eiiay naycue auiieiyao ooieoeeth ii?aaeaeeoaey iauaeoeaii iuneeiie
a?aieoeu ioaaonoaaiiinoe ca a?aaeiua iineaaenoaey i?ioeaii?aaiiai
iiaaaeaiey. E?iia oiai, a niaoeeaeueiuo neo/ayo aeaeeeoiie
ioaaonoaaiiinoe aicieeaao iaiaoiaeeiinoue onoaiiaeaiey ia iaeiiai, a
aeaoo eee aieaa ?yaeia (caaiueaa) i?e/eiiie nayce. Oae, i?e i?e/eiaiee
oaa/uey iaiaoiaeeii onoaiiaeoue iaee/ea i?e/eiiie nayce:
iaaeaeo i?ioeaii?aaiui iiaaaeaieai;
iaaeaeo oaa/ueai e oo?aoie iioa?iaaoei o?oaeiniiniaiinoe.
Aeey aiceiaeaiey ioaaonoaaiiinoe ca i?e/eiaiea a?aaea enoi/ieeii
iiauoaiiie iianiinoe iaiaoiaeeii onoaiiaeoue iaee/ea i?e/eiiie nayce:
iaaeaeo inouanoaeyaiie aeaaeaeueoeai enoi/ieea iiauoaiiie
ioaaonoaaiiinoe aeayoaeueiinoueth, i?aaenoaaeythuae iiauoaiioth
iianiinoue aeey ie?oaeathueo e ianooieaoei a?aaeii;
iaaeaeo iiaaaeaieai eeoea iaiin?aaenoaaiii ianeoaeeaathuei enoi/iee
iiauoaiiie iianiinoe e ianooieaoei a?aaeii;
iaaeaeo aicaeaenoaeai a?aaeiiinii-iiauoaiiuo naienoa enoi/ieea
iiauoaiiie iianiinoe e a?aaeii, oi anoue a?aae aeieaeai auoue aucaai
eiaiii oaie naienoaaie iaoa?eaeueiiai iauaeoa, eioi?ua iicaieytho
ioianoe aai e /eneo enoi/ieeia iiauoaiiie iianiinoe.
I?e/eieoaeue a?aaea ioaa/aao ia ca ethaie, a oieueei ca i?e/eiaiiue ei
a?aae, ionoonoaea i?e/eiiie nayce eneeth/aao ioaaonoaaiiinoue
i?e/eieoaey, oae eae icia/aao, /oi a?aae yaeeny neaaenoaeai ia aai
i?ioeaii?aaiiai iiaaaeaiey, a aucaai aeaenoaeai eiuo i?e/ei.
I?e/eiiay naycue ( yoi iauaeoeaii nouanoaothuay naycue iaaeaeo
yaeaieyie. Caaea/a eaaeaeie io?aneaaie iaoee ninoieo a au?aaioea n
o/aoii niaoeeoeee eco/aaiuo yaeaiee i?eaiia (niiniaia) auaeaeaiey
i?e/eiii-neaaenoaaiiuo naycae, iaiaoiaeeiuo e aeinoaoi/iuo aeey
i?eaea/aiey ia?ooeoaey e ioaaonoaaiiinoe.
Iaeiaei i?aaeeueiua auaiaeu ia iniaaiiinoyo i?iyaeaiey i?e/eiiie ayce a
i?aaiauo ioiioaieyo iiaeii naeaeaoue oieueei iie?aynue ia neaaeothuea
ioi?aaiua iieiaeaiey o/aiey i i?e/eiiinoe:
I?e/eiiay naycue eiaaony oai, aaea nouanoaoao a?aiaiiay
iineaaeiaaoaeueiinoue yaeaiee. I?e/eia anaaaea i?aaeoanoaoao
?acoeueoaoo, a ?acoeueoao anoue eeoue oi eciaiaiea ai aiaoiai ie?a,
eioi?ia i?iecaiaeeony aeaenoaeai i?e/eiu. Io i?e/eiu e neaaenoaeth (
oaeia iai?a?uaiue iooue ?acaeoey ethaie i?e/eiiie nayce. Io ?acoeueoaoa
e i?e/eia ( oaeia iooue auyaeaiey i?e/ei oaea ianooieaoaai ?acoeueoaoa.
I?e/eia n iaiaoiaeeiinoueth ii?iaeaeaao naia neaaenoaea. Naycue iaaeaeo
i?e/eiie e neaaenoaeai yaeyaony anaaaea iaiaoiaeeiie. I?e/eiiay naycue
iaaeaeo oaeoaie aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe ioee/aaony io ae?oaeo oi?i naycae
naienoaaie eiie?aoiinoe, iinoiyiiinoe e iaeiicia/iinoe. Eiie?aoiinoue
i?e/eiiie nayce o?aaoao onoaiiaeaiey iiaeeeiiiai i?e/eiythuaai
aicaeaenoaey eaaeaeiai ianoiyoaeuenoaa a ?aaeueiuo oneiaeyo niaa?oaiiiai
i?aaiia?ooaiey.
“… i?e/eia e neaaenoaea nooue i?aaenoaaeaiey, eioi?ua eiatho cia/aiea,
eae oaeiaua, oieueei a i?eiaiaiee e aeaiiiio ioaeaeueiiio neo/ath”.
Iiyoiio iaiaoiaeeii auaeaeeoue ioaeaeueiua yaeaiey ec iauae nenoaiu
acaeiiaeaenoaey (acaeiinaycae): iaeii eae i?e/eio, a ae?oaia eae
neaaenoaea.
I?e auaeaeaiee i?e/eiiuo naycae a iauanoaaiiuo (a oii /enea e i?aaiauo)
ioiioaieyo iaiaoiaeeii i?iaiaeeoue ?acee/ea iaaeaeo iauanoaaiiuie e
anoanoaaiiuie ?yaeaie i?e/eiiinoe, oi anoue ?acee/aoue th?eaee/anee
cia/eioth i?e/eio, eioi?ie anaaaea yaeyaony iiaaaeaiea /aeiaaea, e
anoanoaaiioth naycue niauoee, eiie?aoii naycaiioth n ?acoeueoaoii. Oae,
ii?/a ea?oioaey a i?ioeanna ia?aaicee anoue ?acoeueoao ia oieueei
ia?ooaiey i?aaee aai iia?ocee e oaieiaiai ?aaeeia a i?ioeanna ia?aaicee,
ii oaeaea anoanoaaiiuo i?ioeannia ?aceiaeaiey i?aaie/aneeo aauanoa.
I?e iinoaiiaea ia ioaaonoaaiiinoe anoanoaaiiay oeaiue ianoiyoaeuenoa a
eaaeaeii eiie?aoiii neo/aa aeieaeia eco/aoueny n oi/ee c?aiey oiai,
eaeia ianoi caieiaao a iae iiaaaeaiea /aeiaaea.
A th?eaee/aneie iaoea ?ac?aaioaii ianeieueei oai?ee i?e/eiiie nayce:
iaiaoiaeeiiai oneiaey ?aaeueiie aiciiaeiinoe aiaoaoaeuenoaa,
iaiin?aaenoaaiiiai i?e/eieoaey, iaiaoiaeeiie e neo/aeiie i?e/eiiie
nayce, aiciiaeiiai e aeaenoaeoaeueiiai i?e/eiaiey e ae?. ?anniio?ei
iaeioi?ua ec ieo.
A niioaaonoaee n oai?eae iaiaoiaeeiiai oneiaey i?e/eiie a?aaeiiiniiai
?acoeueoaoa iiaeao neoaeeoue ethaia ianoiyoaeuenoai, i?e ionoonoaee
eioi?iai ?acoeueoao ia ianooiee au. Yoi aaaeao e ioaaonoaaiiinoe ca
naiua ioaeaeaiiua io enneaaeoaiiai neo/ay niauoey, oae eae oeaiue
i?e/eiii-neaaenoaaiiuo naycae, ?oeiaiaenoaoynue aeaiiie oai?eae iiaeii
i?iaeieaeaoue aei aaneiia/iinoe.
A niioaaonoaee n oai?eae aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe e aiciiaeiinoe iaeie oaeou
nicaeatho eeoue aiciiaeiinoue ianooieaiey a?aaeiiiniiai ?acoeueoaoa, a
ae?oaea ( i?aa?auatho yoo aiciiaeiinoue a aeaenoaeoaeueiinoue. Oa oaeou,
eioi?ua i?aa?auatho aiciiaeiinoue a aeaenoaeoaeueiinoue, anaaaea
iaoiaeyony a i?e/eiiie nayce n ?acoeueoaoii i?ioeaii?aaiiai aeayiey. Oa
aea oaeou, eioi?ua nicaeatho eeoue aiciiaeiinoue ianooieaiey
?acoeueoaoa, iiaoo eae iaoiaeeoueny, oae e ia iaoiaeeoueny a
th?eaee/anee cia/eiie i?e/eiiie nayce n oeacaiiui ?acoeueoaoii. Anee
iiaaaeaieai eeoea nicaeaaony eiie?aoiay aiciiaeiinoue, oi iaeeoei
i?e/eiiay naycue, aeinoaoi/iay aeey aiceiaeaiey ioaaonoaaiiinoe. Eiaaea
aea iiaaaeaieai eeoea nicaeaaony eeoue aano?aeoiay aiciiaeiinoue
ianooieaiey i?ioeaii?aaiiai ?acoeueoaoa, ioaaonoaaiiinoue eneeth/aaony
aaeaeo ionoonoaey th?eaee/anee cia/eiie i?e/eiiie nayce. Iiae eiie?aoiie
iiieiaaony oaeay aiciiaeiinoue, eioi?ay i?aa?auaaony a
aeaenoaeoaeueiinoue iauaeoeaii iiaoi?ythueiny a aeaiiie ianoaiiaea
ianoiyoaeuenoaaie. Aano?aeoiay aea aiciiaeiinoue i?aa?auaaony a
aeaenoaeoaeueiinoue iauaeoeaii, ia iiaoi?ythueieny a aeaiiie ianoaiiaea
ianoiyoaeuenoaaie. Iaaeaeo oai, anee aiciiaeiinoue i?aa?auaaony a
aeaenoaeoaeueiinoue iauaeoeaii iiaoi?ythueieny a aeaiiuo oneiaeyo
ianoiyoaeuenoaaie, oi oio, eoi nicaeae oaeoth aiciiaeiinoue, iia e
aeieaeai aue i?aaeaeaeaoue ianooieaiea i?ioeaii?aaiiai ?acoeueoaoa, e
iaiai?io. Iiyoiio a aeaiiie oai?ee e?eoa?ee, iin?aaenoaii eioi?iai
auyaeyaony th?eaee/anee cia/eiay naycue, oaeoe/anee caaeneo io oaeiai
noauaeoeaiiai oneiaey, eae aeia.
Oaeie aea iaaeinoaoie i?enou e oai?ee iaiaoiaeeiie e neo/aeiie i?e/eiiie
nayce. Aaoi?u yoie oai?ee iieaaatho, /oi aeey ianooieaiey
ioaaonoaaiiinoe o?aaoaony iaiaoiaeeiay i?e/eiiay naycue iaaeaeo
i?ioeaii?aaiui iiaaaeaieai e ianooieaoei ?acoeueoaoii. Neo/aeiay aea
i?e/eiiay naycue ia aeaao iniiaaiee aeey i?eaea/aiey e ioaaonoaaiiinoe
ca ianooieaoee ?acoeueoao. Ioaeii ioiaoeoue, /oi iaiaoiaeeiinoue e
neo/aeiinoue ia anaaaea ia?acotho oaeoth oi?io acaeiinayce eae
i?e/eiiinoue. Aieaa oiai, a no?iai oeeinioneii cia/aiee i?e/eiiinoe
aiiaua iaeuecy aiai?eoue i neo/aeiuo i?e/eiiuo naycyo.
A oeeaeeenoe/aneie iaoea ?ani?ino?aiaiiie yaeyaony oai?ey, iino?iaiiay
ia ioa?aie/aiee i?yiie e einaaiiie i?e/eiiie nayce. TH?eaee/anee
cia/eiie i?eciaaony oieueei i?yiay i?e/eiiay naycue, eioi?ay
oa?aeoa?ecoaony oai, /oi ?acoeueoao (neaaenoaea) aicieeaao
iaiin?aaenoaaiii, i?yii ec iiaaaeaiey i?e/eieoaey a ni/aoaiee n
iauaeoeaiuie caeiiiia?iinoyie e oneiaeyie, neiaeeaoeony aei niaa?oaiey
aeaenoaey. Einaaiiay i?e/eia iiaeao i?eia?aoaoue th?eaee/aneia cia/aiea
eeoue a neo/aa, eiaaea i?e/eieoaeai auee nicaeaiu niaoeeoe/aneea
iniaaiiinoe ianoaiiaee, au?aaeathueany a ii?aaeaeaiiuo ioeeiiaieyo io
ii?iaeueiuo oneiaee, niinianoaothueo ianooieaieth io?eoeaoaeueiiai
?acoeueoaoa.
Iiaeii ioiaoeoue, /oi ie iaeia ec yoeo oai?ee ia aeaao “oi/iie oi?ioeu”
aeey onoaiiaeaiey noaeii th?eaee/anee cia/eiie i?e/eiiie nayce a
iiiaiia?aciuo eiie?aoiuo aeaeao. Eiiaaea i?e/eiiay naycue noieue
i/aaeaeia, /oi aa onoaiiaeaiea ia i?aaenoaaeyao ieeaeie o?oaeiinoe.
Iai?eia?, eiaaea a?aae caei?iaueth i?e/eiai a ?acoeueoaoa
aei?iaeii-o?ainii?oiiai i?ienoanoaey. O?oaeiaa ii?aaeaeeoue iaee/ea
i?e/eiiie nayce a neo/ayo, eiaaea ?acoeueoao ia neaaeoao
iaiin?aaenoaaiiiai ca i?ioeaii?aaiui aeaenoaeai eee eiaaea a?aae aucaai
aeaenoaeai ia iaeiiai eaeiai-eeai eeoea, a oeaeiai ?yaea oaeoi?ia e
ianoiyoaeuenoa, eioi?ua oneiaeiytho neooaoeeth.
N o/aoii neiaeiinoe auaeaeaiey i?e/eiiie nayce ii ?yaeo aeae
iacia/athony yenia?oeco (noaeaaii-iaaeeoeeineay, noaeaaii-oaoie/aneay,
noaeaaii-oiaa?iaaae/aneay e ae?.). Eae i?aaeei, yenia?oiia caeeth/aiea
iineo eaoaai?e/aneee oa?aeoa?. Iaeiaei a ioaeaeueiuo neo/ayo yenia?ou
iiaoo eiinoaoe?iaaoue oieueei ii?aaeaeaiioth noaiaiue aa?iyoiinoe
iaee/ey eee ionoonoaey i?e/eiiie nayce.
Aa?iyoiinoiua yenia?oiua caeeth/aiey ia iiaoo eiaoue aeinoaoi/iie
aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiie neeu. Noae ioeaieaaao eo a niaieoiiinoe n ae?oaeie
aeieacaoaeuenoaaie ii aeaeo. I?e iaiaoiaeeiinoe ii aeieaeai iacia/eoue
iiaoi?ioth yenia?oeco.
Aeaaa 4.
Aeia e neo/ae a aeaeeeoiuo iaycaoaeuenoaao. Iai?aiaeieeiay neea eae
i?aaeae ioaaonoaaiiinoe aeaaeaeueoea enoi/ieea iiauoaiiie iianiinoe.
Ii iauaio i?aaeeo, aeaeeeoiay ioaaonoaaiiinoue ianooiaao ca aeiiaiia
i?e/eiaiea a?aaea. *. 2 no. 1064 AE ?O onoaiaaeeaaao, /oi eeoei,
i?e/eieaoaa a?aae, inaiaiaeaeaaony io aiciauaiey a?aaea, anee aeieaaeao,
/oi a?aae i?e/eiai ia ii aai aeia. Ioaaonoaaiiinoue ca neo/ae,
ianooiathuay iacaaeneii io aeiu i?e/eieoaey, aeiioneaaony caeiiii eeoue
a aeaea eneeth/aiey. Yoi iauyniyaony oai, /oi eiaiii a aeia i?iyaeyaony
ee/iay iiceoeey i?aaiia?ooeoaey, aai noauaeoeaiia ioiioaiea e naiaio
iiaaaeaieth e aai iineaaenoaeyi. Eae noauaeoeaiia oneiaea
a?aaeaeainei-i?aaiaie ioaaonoaaiiinoe i?aaenoaaeyao niaie ineoe/aneia
ioiioaiea eeoea e naiaio i?ioeaii?aaiiio iiaaaeaieth e aai ?acoeueoaoai.
Aeey i?eciaiey eeoea aeiiaiui iaiaoiaeeii iniciaiea ei oiai, /oi aai
iiaaaeaiea ia?ooaao io?aiyaiua caeiiii eioa?anu ae?oaeo eeoe, oi anoue
iniciaiea iauanoaaiii a?aaeiiai naiaai iiaaaeaiey e iiaoueo ianooieoue a
nayce n iei ?acoeueoaoia. A aeia, oaeei ia?acii aiieiuaaony iiceoeey
i?aaiia?ooeoaey, naeaeaoaeuenoaothuay i aai iaaaoeaiii, io?eoeaoaeueiii
ioiioaiee e ouaieyaiui i?aaiia?ooaieai ee/iui eee iauanoaaiiui
eioa?anai.
Aeia au?aaeaaony a oi?ia oiunea eee iainoi?iaeiinoe.
Aaaeiay iniaaiiinoue aeiu, eae oneiaey aeaeeeoiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe
ninoieo a oii, /oi ie oi?ia aeiu, ie aa oyaeanoue (noaiaiue) ii iauaio
i?aaeeo, ia ?acia? ioaaonoaaiiinoe e eaaeeoeeaoeeth ia aeeytho, e?iia
neo/aaa niaoeeaeueii oeacaiiuo a caeiia, iai?eia?, i?e o/aoa aeiu
iioa?iaaoaai. Iiyoiio aeia a a?aaeaeaineii i?aaa ia yaeyaony ia?ie
ioaaonoaaiiinoe. A ethaii neo/aa, aue ee i?e/eiai a?aae oiuoeaiii eee ii
iainoi?iaeiinoe, i?e/eieoaeue iaycai iieiinoueth aai aicianoeoue. Yoei
iauyniyaony ioeac a a?aaeaeaineii caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa (a ioee/ea,
iai?eia?, io oaieiaiiai) io /aou?aocaaiiiai aeaeaiey aeiu n
?aciaaeaaaieai oiunea i?yiiai (ciae e aeaeae) e einaaiiiai (ciae, ia
aeaeae, ii aeiioneae eee ioiineeny aac?acee/ii), iainoi?iaeiinoe a oi?ia
i?anooiiiai eaaeiiuneey (ciae, ia aeaeae, ii iaaeayeny i?aaeioa?aoeoue)
e iaa?aaeiinoe (ia ciae, ia aeaeae, ii iia e aeieaeai aue ciaoue).
A?aaeaeaineee caeii ?acee/aao oiunae a oeaeii e iainoi?iaeiinoue
a?oaoth e i?inooth. Oiunae au?aaeaaony a i?aaeaeaeaiee a?aaeiiai
?acoeueoaoa i?ioeaii?aaiiai iiaaaeaiey e aeaeaiey eee iniciaiiii
aeiiouaiee aai ianooieaiey. Aeey oiuoeaiiie aeiu eae oneiaey aeaeeeoiie
ioaaonoaaiiinoe iniiaiia cia/aiea eiaao yeaiaio iaia?aiiinoe niaa?oaiey
i?ioeaii?aaiiai aeaenoaey eee aacaeaenoaey.
Iainoi?iaeiinoue au?aaeaaony a oaeii ioiioaiee eeoea e naiei iinooieai,
eioi?ia oa?aeoa?ecoaony ia?ooaieai aeieaeiie aieiaoaeueiinoe.
Caaioeeainoe, i?aaeoniio?eoaeueiinoe, ii?aaeaeyaiiai oa?aeoa?ii
niioaaonoaothuaai aeaea aeayoaeueiinoe e iniaaiiinoyie inouanoaeythuaai
aa noauaeoa. Ai aia iainoi?iaeiinoue i?iyaeyaony eae ia?ooaiea
i?e/eieoaeai a?aaea o?aaiaaiee, niaethaeaiea eioi?uo auei iaiaoiaeeii a
aeaiiie neooaoeee. Iai?eia?, ia?ooaiea i?aaee aei?iaeiiai aeaeaeaiey,
iiaeaeoaa ca niaie noieeiiaaiea o?ainii?oiuo n?aaenoa.
Iainoi?iaeiinoue ( iiiyoea, i?ioeaiiieiaeiia inoi?iaeiinoe, icia/athuaa
ionoonoaea o?aaoaiuo a aeaiiuo oneiaeyo aieiaoaeueiinoe,
i?aaeoniio?eoaeueiinoe, caaioeeainoe e o.ae. Aianoa n oai iaeuecy
iainoi?iaeioth aeio i?aa?auaoue a oaeoe/aneoth ioeaeo, eaeie iia
i?aaenoaaeyao, anee ioaea/ueny io aioo?aiiaai (ineoe/aneiai) ioiioaiey
eeoea e niaa?oaaiui ei aeaenoaeyi e eo iineaaenoaeyi e eo iineaaenoaeyi.
Noauaeoeaiay oa?aeoa?enoeea iainoi?iaeii aeiu au?aaeaaony a
iaaeinoaoi/iie eioaeeaeooaeueiie e aieaaie aeoeaiinoe noauaeoa,
i?eaaaeoeo e ian/anoiiio neo/ath, oioy ii iia e aeieaeai aue i?iyaeoue
iaiaoiaeeiua oneeey aeey aai i?aaeioa?auaiey eee iaaeiiouaiey
oaeoe/aneiai i?e/eiaiey a?aaea ae?oaiio eeoeo.
I?e oa?aeoa?enoeea iainoi?iaeiie aeiu, a oaeaea ?aca?aie/aiee i?inoie e
a?oaie iainoi?iaeiinoe aiciiaeai aeaiyeee iiaeoiae: eeai aeey yoiai
eniieuecothony iauaeoeaiua, oi anoue ii?aaeaeyaiua ianoaiiaeie e
iacaaenyuea io noauaeoeaiuo ea/anoa i?e/eieoaey a?aaea e?eoa?ee ioeaiee,
i?aaeuyaeyaiuo e iaio o?aaiaaiee, eeai o/eouaathony ana (eae
iauaeoeaiua, oae e noauaeoeaiua ianoiyoaeuenoaa aeaea).
Aeey noaeaaii-a?aeo?aaeiie i?aeoeee oa?aeoa?ai eiie?aoiue iiaeoiae a
ii?aaeaeaiee iainoi?iaeiie aeiu, au?aaeathueeny a o/aoa eae oa?aeoa?a
aeayoaeueiinoe, eiie?aoiie ianoaiiaee i?e/eiaiey a?aaea, oae e
eiaeeaeaeoaeueiuo iniaaiiinoyo naiiai i?e/eieoaey.
?aca?aie/aiea iaaeaeo i?inoie e a?oaie iainoi?iaeiinoueth iiaeao auoue
i?iaaaeaii n o/aoii eae iauaeoeaiuo, oae e noauaeoeaiuo oaeoi?ia. I?e
a?oaie iainoi?iaeiinoe ia?ooathony iau/iua (i/aaeaeiua aeey anao)
yeaiaioa?iua o?aaiaaiey, i?aaeuyaeyaiua e eeoeo, inouanoaeythuaio
ii?aaeaeaiioth aeayoaeueiinoue. Aeiionoeaoee a?oaoth iainoi?iaeiinoue
ia?ooeoaeue eeai i?aaeaeaeeo a?aaeiue aiciiaeiue ?acoeueoao, ii
?ann/eouaaao aai i?aaeioa?aoeoue, eeai, oioy e ia i?aaeaeaeeo, ii a
iauai-oi iniciaao, /oi niaa?oaaiua aeaenoaey iiaoo aucaaoue iiaeiaiue
?acoeueoao.
Eeoei, aeiionoeaoaa i?inooth iainoi?iaeiinoue, niaethaeaao yeaiaioa?iua
o?aaiaaiey i?aaeoniio?eoaeueiinoe. Iaeiaei yoi ieacuaaaony
iaaeinoaoi/iui, oae eae oa?aeoa? aeayoaeueiinoe e eiie?aoiay ianoaiiaea
o?aaotho io iaai i?iyaeaiey aieueoae aieiaoaeueiinoe e
iniio?eoaeueiinoe. Iai?eia?, aiaeeoaeue aaoiiaoeiu aeiioneaao i?inooth
iainoi?iaeiinoue, aeaeaaynue ni nei?inoueth, ia i?aauoathuoth
aeiionoeiuo i?aaeaeia, ii a aeaiiuo eiie?aoiuo oneiaeyo ia
iaania/eaathuae aaciianiinoe aeaeaeaiey.
Oaeei ia?acii, e?eoa?eai ?aca?aie/aiey i?inoie e a?oaie iainoi?iaeiinoe
yaeyaony ?acee/iay noaiaiue i?aaeaeaeaiey a?aaeiuo iineaaenoaee a
ni/aoaiee n ?acee/iie noaiaiueth iaycaiiinoae oaeiai i?aaeaeaeaiey. Anee
eeoei ia niaethaeaao o?aaiaaiey, eioi?ua e iaio i?aaeuyaeythony, eae e
ii?aaeaeaiiie eiaeeaeaeoaeueiinoe, oi iii aeiioneaao i?inooth
iainoi?iaeiinoue. I?e ianiaethaeaiee ia oieueei yoeo o?aaiaaiee, ii e
ieieiaeueiuo yeaiaioa?iuo, iiiyoiuo eaaeaeiio o?aaiaaiee,
iainoi?iaeiinoue n/eoaaony a?oaie.
Aeiiaiia i?e/eiaiea a?aaea oaeaea iiaeao eiaoue ianoi e a aeayoaeueiinoe
th?eaee/aneeo eeoe. Aeia iineaaeieo ia iiaeao i?iyaeyoueny eia/a, eae
oieueei /a?ac aeiiaiia iiaaaeaiea ?aaioieeia niioaaonoaothuae
i?aaiecaoeee i?e eniieiaiee eee o?oaeiauo (neoaeaaiuo) iaycaiiinoae. Yoi
iauyniyaony oai, /oi aeayoaeueiinoue i?aaiecaoeee anaaaea i?iyaeyaony a
oi?ia eiaeeaeaeoaeueiuo eee eieeaeoeaiuo aeaenoaee aa ?aaioieeia
(/eaiia). Auiieiyy naie neoaeaaiua iaycaiiinoe, ?aaioieee oai naiui
auiieiytho ooieoeee aeaiiie i?aaiecaoeee. Neaaeiaaoaeueii, ia?aae
o?aoueeie eeoeaie aeayoaeueiinoue i?aaiecaoeee aunooiaao eae
iaacee/aiiay aeayoaeueiinoue aa ?aaioieeia. E, iaiai?io, neoaeaaiay
aeayoaeueiinoue aa ?aaioieeia aunooiaao eae aeayoaeueiinoue naiie
i?aaiecaoeee, ?aai/eie, neoaeaueie eee /eaiaie eioi?ie iie yaeythony. A
nayce n yoei AE ?O onoaiaaeeaaao a noaouea 1068, /oi th?eaee/aneia
eeoei, eeai a?aaeaeaiei aiciauaao a?aae, i?e/eiaiiue aai ?aaioieeii i?e
eniieiaiee o?oaeiauo (neoaeaaiuo, aeieaeiinoiuo) iaycaiiinoae. I?e yoii
ii?aaeaeyaony, /oi ?aaioieeii i?eciathony a?aaeaeaia, auiieiythuea
?aaioo ia iniiaaiee o?oaeiaiai aeiaiai?a (eiio?aeoa), a oaeaea
a?aaeaeaia, auiieiythuea ?aaioo ii a?aaeaeainei-i?aaiaiio aeiaiai?o,
anee i?e yoii iie aeaenoaiaaee eee aeieaeiu auee aeaenoaiaaoue ii
caaeaieth niioaaonoaothuaai th?eaee/aneiai eeoea eee a?aaeaeaieia e iiae
aai eiio?ieai ca aaciianiui aaaeaieai ?aaio. Oicyenoaaiiua oiaa?euanoaa
e i?iecaiaenoaaiiua eiiia?aoeau, aiciauatho a?aae, i?e/eiaiiue eo
o/anoieeaie (/eaiaie) i?e inouanoaeaiee iineaaeieie
i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie, i?iecaiaenoaaiiie eee eiie aeayoaeueiinoe
oiaa?euanoaa eee eiiia?aoeaa. A oao aea neo/ayo, eiaaea aeaenoaey
?aaioieea ia iinyo neoaeaaiiai oa?aeoa?a e, neaaeiaaoaeueii, ia iiaoo
?anniao?eaaoueny eae aeaenoaey naiie i?aaiecaoeee, ii iaiin?aaenoaaiii e
ioaa/aao ia?aae iioa?iaaoei ia iaueo iniiaaieyo.
Aii?in i niaea?aeaiee aeiu th?eaee/aneiai eeoea, eae iaiaoiaeeiiai
oneiaey ioaaonoaaiiinoe ca a?aae, i?e/eiaiiue neoaeaaiuie aeaenoaeyie
aai ?aaioieeia, aucuaaao a th?eaee/aneie eeoa?aoo?a nii?u. Aieueoeinoai
aaoi?ia, eanaaoeony yoie i?iaeaiu, enoiaeyo ec oiai, /oi aeaenoaey
ethaiai ?aaioieea, naycaiiua n inouanoaeaieai neoaeaaiuo i?aa e
iaycaiiinoae ( yoi aeaenoaey naiie i?aaiecaoeee, a aeia eiie?aoiiai
?aaioieea anoue aeia naiie i?aaiecaoeee, e, neaaeiaaoaeueii,
ioaaonoaaiiinoue i?aaiecaoeee a yoii neo/aa yaeyaony ioaaonoaaiiinoueth
ca naie aeaenoaey e ca naith aeio.
Eiia iiaiea auei auneacaii A. E. Iaoaaaaui, eioi?ue n/eoaao, /oi aeia
i?aaei?eyoee, o/?aaeaeaiee, i?aaiecaoeee ea/anoaaiii ioee/ia io
eiaeeaeaeoaeueiuo i?iaeiiinoae ?aaioieeia (/eaiia), ia?acothueo aeaiiia
th?eaee/aneia eeoei. Yoa iniaay aeia eieeaeoeaa, ineoieiae/aneei
niaea?aeaieai eioi?ie neoaeeo ii?i/iay aiey (e iniciaiea) o/anoieeia
yoiai eieeaeoeaa eee aeaaea anaai eieeaeoeaa. Iainiiauaay yoi
iieiaeaiea, A. E. Iaoaaaa oeacuaaao ia ?acee/ey, nouanoaothuea iaaeaeo
eiaeeaeaeoaeueiie e eieeaeoeaiie aieae. “Iiaeiaii oiio, eae eieeaeoeaiay
aiey e aeayoaeueiinoue eieeaeoeaa ia naiaeeiu e niaieoiiinoe
eiaeeaeaeoaeueiuo oneeee, a yaeytho niaie iiaia ea/anoai, oae e aeia
th?eaee/aneiai eeoea ioee/ia io naieo neaaaaiuo. I?iaeiiinoe ioaeaeueiuo
?aaioieeia o?ainoi?ie?othony caeanue a iiaii aeaea – a aeia eieeaeoeaa
eae oaeiaiai”, ( aio iniiaiie oacen, ia eioi?ue iie?aaony aaoi? i?e
iainiiaaiee ea/anoaaiiiai ioee/ey aeiu i?aaiecaoeee io aeiu eiie?aoiuo
aa ?aaioieeia.
Iaeuecy ia niaeaneoueny n oai, /oi aiey eieeaeoeaa ioee/athony io aiee
ia?acothueo aai eiaeeaeaeooiia, iiaeiaii oiio, eae ethaia aauanoai
ioee/ii io yeaiaioia, aai ninoaaeythueo. Ana aeaei, iaeiaei, a oii, i
eaeie eieeaeoeaiie aiea e eaeii i?iyaeaiee eaeao ?a/ue. Iaeii aeaei,
eiaaea ia?aae iaie i?aaiia?iay oeaeaiai?aaeaiiay aeayoaeueiinoue
i?aaiecaoeee, inouanoaeaiea eioi?ie iaiuneeii i?e ionoonoaee
eieeaeoeaiie aiee, ae?oaia – i?ioeaii?aaiue iinooiie, eioi?ue anaaaea
yaeyaony ioeeiiaieai io ii?iu iiaaaeaiey.
Aiey eieeaeoeaa ethaeae, /oiau noaoue eo eieeaeoeaiie aieae, aeieaeia
auoue niaeaniaaia a naiai aaeeinoaa eeai iooai au?aaeaiey naiae aiee
anaie (eee, ii e?aeiae ia?a, aieueoeinoaii) o/anoieeaie yoiai
eieeaeoeaa, eeai ia iniiaa aeaenoaee eo i?aaenoaaeoaeae. Eiaiii iioiio,
/oi i?aaiia?ooaiey e i?e/eiaiiue eie a?aae yaeythony ?acoeueoaoii
iaiaaeeaaeauaai inouanoaeaiey naiae aeayoaeueiinoe (aiieiuaiiua a
neoaeaaiuo aeaenoaeyo aai ?aaioieeia) iineaaeiaa ca ieo e ioaa/aao.
Iaeiaei iaeuecy ioaa?aaoue i?eciaiea aeiu eiie?aoiiai ?aaioieea
aeiionoeaoaai i?aaiia?ooaiea i?e eniieiaiee neoaeaaiuo iaycaiiinoae. E
oioy ca aeaenoaey naieo ?aaioieeia ioaa/aao th?eaee/aneia eeoei,
iineaaeiaa a naith i/a?aaeue eiaao i?aai ?aa?anna.
Oioy, eae oaea auei neacaii ?aiueoa, ioaaonoaaiiinoue a a?aaeaeaineii
i?aaa ianooiaao iacaaeneii io oi?iu aeiu, iaeiaei, a iaeioi?uo neo/ayo
i?yii i?aaeoniio?aiiuo caeiiii eee aeiaiai?ii, oi?ia aeiu iiaeao
iiaeeyoue ia ?acia? a?aaeaeainei-i?aaiaie ioaaonoaaiiinoe. Iaeei ec
oaeeo neo/aaa ninoaaeyao oae iacuaaaiay niaoaiiay aeia.
Niaoaiiay aeia oa?aeoa?ecoaony neaaeothueie iiiaioaie:
a?aae ianooiaao a ?acoeueoaoa aeiiaiiai iiaaaeaiey ia oieueei
i?e/eieoaey, ii e iioa?iaaoaai;
a?aae nin?aaeioa/eaaaony a eiouanoaaiiie noa?a oieueei iioa?iaaoaai;
a?aae i?aaenoaaeyao niaie aaeeiia oeaeia, eiaaea iaaiciiaeii
ii?aaeaeeoue, a eaeie /anoe.
Iineieueeo i?e niaoaiiie aeia iaaiciiaeii ii?aaeaeeoue, eaeay /anoue
oauoeia aucaaia iiaaaeaieai i?e/eieoaey a?aaea, a eaeay – iiaaaeaieai
iioa?iaaoaai, aaeeinoaaiiui e?eoa?eai, eioi?ui iiaeii
?oeiaiaenoaiaaoueny a oaeeo neo/ayo i?e ?ani?aaeaeaiee iaaeaeo ieie
oauoeia, iiaeao neoaeeoue noaiaiue aeiu yoeo eeoe.
No. 1083 AE ?O onoaiaaeeaaao, /oi a?aae, aicieeoee aneaaenoaea oiunea
iioa?iaaoaai aiciauaieth ia iiaeeaaeeo. Anee a?oaay iainoi?iaeiinoue
naiiai iioa?iaaoaai niaeaenoaiaaea aicieeiiaaieth eee oaaee/aieth
a?aaea, a caaeneiinoe io noaiaie aeiu iioa?iaaoaai e i?e/eieoaey a?aaea
?acia? aiciauaiey a?aaea aeieaeai auoue oiaiueoai. I?e a?oaie
iainoi?iaeiinoe iioa?iaaoaai e ionoonoaee aeiu i?e/eieoaey a?aaea a
neo/ayo, eiaaea aai ioaaonoaaiiinoue ianooiaao iacaaeneii io aeiu,
?acia? aiciauaiey aeieaeai auoue oiaiueoai eee a aiciauaiee a?aaea
iiaeao auoue ioeacaii. Iaeiaei a yoii neo/aa ioaeii o/eouaaoue oa?aeoa?
a?aaea, oae, i?e i?e/eiaiee a?aaea aeecie eee caei?iaueth a?aaeaeaieia
ioeac a aiciauaiee a?aaea ia aeiioneaaony. I?e yoii aeia iioa?iaaoaai ia
o/eouaaaony i?e aiciauaiee aeiiieieoaeueiuo ?anoiaeia, i?e aiciauaiee
a?aaea a nayce ni nia?oueth ei?ieeueoea, a oaeaea i?e aiciauaiee
?anoiaeia ia iia?aaaiea.
Niaoaiioth aeio iaiaoiaeeii ioee/aoue io niaianoiiai i?e/eiaiey a?aaea.
Niaianoiia i?e/eiaiea a?aaea oa?aeoa?ecoaony neaaeothueie i?eciaeaie:
a?aae i?e/eiai i?ioeaii?aaiuie aeaenoaeyie aeaoo eee aieaa eeoe;
a?aae i?aaenoaaeyao aaeeiia oeaeia, e iaaiciiaeii onoaiiaeoue, eaeay
/anoue yoeo oauoeia i?e/eiaia eaaeaeui ec yoeo aeaoo eee aieaa eeoe;
niaianoiua i?e/eieoaee ianoo nieeaea?ioth ioaaonoaaiiinoue ia?aae
iioa?iaaoei;
ionoonoaoao aeia iioa?iaaoaai.
A niioaaonoaee n /. 2 no. 1064 AE ?O ionoonoaea aeiu aeieacuaaaony
eeoeii, i?e/eieaoei a?aae. Yoi icia/aao, /oi a a?aaeaeaineii i?aaa, a
ioee/ea io oaieiaiiai, aeaenoaoao i?acoiioeey aeiiaiinoe
i?aaiia?ooeoaey. Iineaaeiee n/eoaaony aeiiaiui aei oao ii?, iiea ia
aeieaaeao naith iaaeiiaiinoue.
A a?aaeaeaineii i?aaa iniaui ia?acii ?aoaaony aii?in i aeia ?iaeeoaeae
ca aeaenoaey eo iaeieaoieo aeaoae. Ii iauaio i?aaeeo noauaeoii
ioaaonoaaiiinoe yaeyaony eeoei, i?e/eieaoaa a?aae. Iaeiei ec eneeth/aiee
ec yoiai i?aaeea, eiaaea iaiin?aaenoaaiiue i?e/eieoaeue a?aaea e noauaeo
ioaaonoaaiiinoe ia niaiaaeaao a iaeiii eeoea, yaeyaony iieiaeaiea,
i?aaeoniio?aiiia no. 1073 AE ?O, a niioaaonoaee n eioi?ui ca a?aae,
i?e/eiaiiue ianiaa?oaiiieaoiei, ia aeinoeaoei 14 eao, ioaa/atho aai
?iaeeoaee (onuiiaeoaee) eee iiaeoiu, anee ia aeieaaeoo, /oi a?aae aiciee
ia ii eo aeia. Iiae aeiie ?iaeeoaeae (onuiiaeoaeae) eee iiaeoiia a
aeaiiii neo/aa iiieiaaony eae iainouanoaeaiea aeieaeiiai iaaeci?a ca
ianiaa?oaiiieaoieie, oae e aacioaaonoaaiiia ioiioaiea e eo ainieoaieth
eee iai?aaiia?iia eniieueciaaiea naieo i?aa ii ioiioaieth e aeaoyi,
?acoeueoaoii eioi?iai yaeeinue iai?aaeeueiia iiaaaeaiea aeaoae,
iiaeaeoaa a?aae (iiionoeoaeuenoai eee iiiu?aiea ici?noaa, ooeeaaineeo
aeaenoaee, aaciaaeci?iinoue aeaoae, ionoonoaea e iei aieiaiey e o.i.)
(i. 15 Iinoaiiaeaiey Ieaioia Aa?oiaiiai Noaea ?O “I noaeaaiie i?aeoeea
ii aeaeai i aiciauaiee a?aaea, i?e/eiaiiiai iia?aaeaeaieai caei?iauey”,
? 3 io 28 ai?aey 1994 a.).
Aeaenoaothuaio caeiiiaeaoaeuenoao ecaanoiu e ionooieaiey io i?eioeeia
aeiu (i. 4 no. 1073; i. 3 no. 1076; i. 1 no. 1078 e no. 1079 AE ?O; no.
54 Caeiia ?O “Ia aoiiiie yia?aee”;
no. 88 Caeiia ?NON? io 19 aeaeaa?y 1991 a. “Ia io?aia ie?oaeathuae
i?e?iaeiie n?aaeu” e ?yae ae?oaeo), eiaaea ioaaonoaaiiinoue aiceaaaaony
e ca neo/aeiia i?e/eiaiea a?aaea, oi anoue iacaaeneii io aeiu
i?e/eieoaey.
Neo/ae, eae i?ioeaiiieiaeiinoue aeiu oa?aeoa?ecoao oaeia ineoe/aneia
ioiioaiea noauaeoa e naiei aeaenoaeyi, i?e eioi?ii ii ia ciae e ia
aeieaeai aue ciaoue i aiciiaeiinoe ianooieaiey a?aaeiuo iineaaenoaee.
Aieueoeinoai oeeaeeenoia eaaeeoeoee?otho a?aaeaeainei-i?aaiaie neo/ae
eae iiiyoea, oa?aeoa?ecothuaa noauaeoeaioth noi?iio i?aaiia?ooaiey.
Iaeiaei ioaeaeueiua aaoi?u niaoeaatho neo/ae (eacon) n aeeaeaeoe/aneie
neo/aeiinoueth. Iai?eia?, I. Oa?ai?iaeneee iiae i?aaiaui neo/aai
iiieiaao ionoonoaea i?e/eiiie iaoneiaeaiiinoe iaaeaeo aeayieai eeoea e
a?aaeii. Iaeiaei neaaeoao o/anoue, /oi caaea/ae a?aaeaeainei-i?aaiaie
iaoee – auyaeoue ia iniiaa iauaai oeeinioneiai iiiyoey niaoeeoeeo
a?aaeaeainei-i?aaiaiai neo/ay e aeeooa?aioee?iaaoue aai i?iyaeaiey,
?acee/ay neo/ae i?inoie e eaaeeoeoee?iaaiiue, oi anoue oa?aeoa?ecoaiue
/?acau/aeiuie iiiaioaie (iai?eia?, noeoeeiua aaaenoaey).
Oaeei ia?acii, nouanoaothuea a oeeinioneii iiieiaiee neo/aeiinoe iiaeii
?acaeaeeoue ia aiaoiea e aioo?aiiea, eai aioo?aiiei oeeinioneei
neo/aeiinoyi niioaaonoaoao i?aaiaie neo/ae, a aiaoiei ( iai?aiaeieeiay
neea.
Iaeaieaa oa?aeoa?iui i?eia?ii ioaaonoaaiiinoe yaeyaony ioaaonoaaiiinoue
aeaaeaeueoea enoi/ieea iiauoaiiie iianiinoe (no. 1079 AE ?O), eioi?ue
inaiaiaeaeaaony io iaycaiiinoe aicianoeoue a?aae oieueei anee aeieaaeao,
/oi a?aae yaeeny neaaenoaeai iai?aiaeieeiie neeu eee oiunea
iioa?iaaoaai.
A oeeaeeenoe/aneie eeoa?aoo?a iiiai aieiaiey oaeaeyeinue enneaaeiaaieth
i?e/ei ?anoe?aieth ioaaonoaaiiinoe aeaaeaeueoea enoi/ieea iiauoaiiie
iianiinoe aei i?aaeaeia iai?aiaeieeiie neeu.
Oae I. I. Aaa?eia auaeaeioe “oai?eth aaeeoaeueiinoe”, oeacuaay, /oi
iiauoaiiay ioaaonoaaiiinoue yaeyaony noeioeyoi?ii aeey iiauoaiiie
aaeeoaeueiinoe aeaaeaeueoea enoi/ieea iiauoaiiie iianiinoe. N yoie
oai?eae ia?aeeeeaaony “oai?ey noeioee?iaaiey”, niaeanii eioi?ie
aiceiaeaiea ia aeaaeaeueoea enoi/ieea iiauoaiiie iianiinoe iaycaiiinoe
aicianoeoue neo/aeii i?e/eiaiiue ei oua?a iniiaaii ia noeioee?iaaiee aai
e ecuneaieth iiauo n?aaenoa oaoieee aaciianiinoe a oeaeyo iieiiai
eneeth/aiey anyeie aiciiaeiinoe ian/anoiuo neo/aaa. Auaeaeaaaony oaeaea
“oai?ey ?enea”, a niioaaonoaee n eioi?ie iniiaaieai th?eaee/aneie
iaycaiiinoe aeaaeaeueoea enoi/ieea iiauoaiiie iianiinoe aicianoeoue
a?aae yaeyaony ?ene i?eiyoey ia naay io?eoeaoaeueiuo neo/aeiuo
iineaaenoaee, aa?iyoiinoue ianooieaiey eioi?uo i?e yenieoaoaoeee
enoi/ieea aeaaeaeaoe iniciaao e aeiioneaao.
Iineieueeo i?aaeaeii ioaaonoaaiiinoe aeaaeaeueoea enoi/ieea iiauoaiiie
iianiinoe yaeyaony iai?aiaeieeiay neea, aicieeaao iaiaoiaeeiinoue
?aca?aie/aiey aa e i?aaiaiai neo/ay, ca eioi?ue ioaaonoaaiiinoue
ianooiaao.
Iai?aiaeieeiay neea ( oaeia /?acau/aeiia, aiaoiaa ii ioiioaieth e
aeayoaeueiinoe i?e/eieoaey a?aaea, i?e?iaeiia eee iauanoaaiiia niauoea,
eioi?ia aicaeaenoaoy ia aeayoaeueiinoue iaaeiiaiiai i?aaiia?ooeoaey,
aucuaaao a?aaeiua iineaaenoaey, iai?aaeioa?aoeiua ia oieueei aeey
aeaiiiai i?e/eieoaey a?aaea, ii e aeey ae?oaeo eeoe, iaeiioeiiuo ii
?iaeo e oneiaeyi aeayoaeueiinoe.
A th?eaee/aneie eeoa?aoo?a i?aaeeiaeaiu ?acee/iua e?eoa?ee ioa?aie/aiey
iai?aiaeieeiie neeu io i?inoiai neo/ay. Anee noiie?iaaoue i?eciaee
iai?aiaeieeiie neeu, i?aaeeiaeaiiua a eeoa?aoo?a e iieo/eaoea io?aaeaiea
a caeiiiaeaoaeueiii ii?aaeaeaiee yoiai iiiyoey (no. 202 AE ?O), oi aa
oa?aeoa?enoeea au?aaeaaony a iniiaiii a o?ao iiiaioao: /?acau/aeiinoe,
ioiineoaeueiinoe e iauaeoeaiie iai?aaeioa?aoeiinoe.
Iai?aiaeieeiay neea ( iiiyoea niaoeeoe/anee i?aaiaia. Oi eee eiia
?ac?ooeoaeueiia (a?aaeiiiniia) niauoea anoanoaaiiiai (o?aaai,
iaaiaeiaiea, iiiecaiue e o.ae.) eee iauanoaaiiiai (yieaeaiee, aiaiiua
aeaenoaey) oa?aeoa?a i?eia?aoatho ea/anoai iai?aiaeieeiie neeu eeoue a
nayce n oaeei aicaeaenoaeai ia aeayoaeueiinoue ethaeae, eioi?ia iie ia
iiaoo i?aaeaeaeaoue, eeai oioy e i?aaeaeaeyo, ii ia iiaoo
i?aaeioa?aoeoue ianooieaiey aucuaaaiuo ei a?aaeiuo iineaaenoaee. A oi
aea a?aiy ia eaaeaeia niauoea naii ii naaa iiaeao auoue ioianaii e
?ac?yaeo yaeaiee iai?aiaeieeiie neeu.
N iai?aiaeieeiie neeie naycuaaaony i?aaenoaaeaiea ia ia i?aeeia?iii,
iau/iii niauoee (iai?eia?, eciaiaiea iiaiaeu a nayce ni niaiie a?aiaie
aiaea), a ia ianoiyoaeuenoaa /?acau/aeiiio eae ii enoi/ieeo
aicieeiiaaiee, oae e ii neea naiaai aicaeaenoaey. Iai?eia?, ii iaeiiio
ec aeae Aa?oiaiue Noae NNN? oeacuaae ia iaiaoiaeeiinoue ?acee/aoue
iau/iua, e aiieia anoanoaaiiua o?oaeiinoe, aucaaiiua aieiie, iai?eia?,
iiaeeecaoeeth, io oaeeo ianoiyoaeuenoa aiaiiiai a?aiaie eae aiaiiua
aeaenoaey ia oa??eoi?ee eiaa ?uau, aeaaeue i?oaeee eiaa a ?acoeueoaoa
aiaiiuo aeaenoaee e ae?oaea, eioi?ua eae iai?aiaeieeiay neea aeieaeiu
neoaeeoue iniiaaieai aeey inaiaiaeaeaiey io ioaaonoaaiiinoe ca
iaauiieiaiea aeiaiai?a iinoaaee ?uau.
Ae?oaei iauaeoeaiui i?eciaeii, oa?aeoa?ecothuei naie yaeaiey
iai?aiaeieeiie neeu e iaueie aeey anao ieo neoaeeo aiaoiee oa?aeoa?
aicaeaenoaey iai?aiaeieeiie neeu ia aeayoaeueiinoue ii yenieoaoaoeee
enoi/ieeia iiauoaiiie iianiinoe. Iiyoiio anee a?aae aucuaaaony
aioo?aiieie a?aaeiiiniuie naienoaaie enoi/ieea iiauoaiiie iianiinoe. Oi
ii ?anniao?eaaaony eae i?iyaeaiea oie iiauoaiiie iianiinoe aeey
ie?oaeathueo, ca eioi?oth e onoaiiaeaia iiauoaiiay ioaaonoaaiiinoue
aeaaeaeueoea enoi/ieea.
Ioiineiinoue iai?aiaeieeiie neeu i?aaeiieaaaao ioeaieo ?aaeueii
neiaeeaoaeny eiie?aoiie ianoaiiaee. Oi, /oi a iaeiii ianoa yaeyaony
i?aiaeieeiui, a ae?oaii iiaeao noaoue iai?aiaeieeiui.
Iai?aiaeieeiay neea neoaeeo ianoiyoaeuenoaii inaiaiaeaeaiey io
ioaaonoaaiiinoe a neeo /?acau/aeiiai oa?aeoa?a niauoey, eioi?ia iaeuecy
i?aaeaeaeaoue eee iaaiciiaeii i?aaeioa?aoeoue ianooieaiea aai
a?aaeiiiniuo iineaaenoaey. Iiyoiio iia yaeyaony i?aaeaeii,
ia?aie/eaathuei ioaaonoaaiiinoue aeaaeaeueoea enoi/ieea iiauoaiiie
iianiinoe.
Caeeth/aiea.
Oaia “ioaaonoaaiiinoue, aicieeathuay ec aeaeeeoiuo iaycaoaeuenoa”
yaeyaony iaeiie ec iaeaieaa neiaeiuo e aaaeiuo a a?aaeaeaineii i?aaa.
Yoe neiaeiinoe iaoneiaeaiu oai, /oi:
iia ioaaouaaao aieueoie e?oa aii?inia, ?ac?aoaiea eioi?uo ioee/aaony
nouanoaaiiuie iniaaiiinoyie ii n?aaiaieth n oai, eae iie ?aoathony a
iaeanoe ioaaonoaaiiinoe a neaaenoaea iaeniieiaiey eee iaiaaeeaaeauaai
eniieiaiey aeiaiai?iuo iaycaoaeuenoa;
a iae eiioeaio?e?othony iaeaieaa neiaeiua i?iaeaiu ia oieueei
oeeaeeenoe/aneie, ii e ae?oaeo io?aneaauo th?eaee/aneeo aeenoeeieei
(iai?eia?, ninoaa i?aaiia?ooaiey, iniiaaiea e oneiaey ioaaonoaaiiinoe,
iaiaoiaeeiay iai?iia e e?aeiyy iaiaoiaeeiinoue);
eco/aiea ?yaea aii?inia (eae, iai?eia?, aeiu e i?e/eiiie nayce), o?aaoao
ii?aaeaeaiiie iiaeaioiaee a iaeanoe oai?ee iiciaiey e iciaeiieaiey n
?yaeii oeeinioneeo eaoaai?ee e iiiyoee.
Aianoa n oai aeaeeeoiay ioaaonoaaiiinoue i?eiaaeeaaeeo e /eneo oao
i?aaiauo einoeoooia, a eioi?uo neiaeiua oai?aoe/aneea i?iaeaiu eiatho
i?yiie auoiae a i?aeoeeo: io eo ?aoaiey iaiin?aaenoaaiii caaeneo io?aia
aeeciaiiuo eioa?ania iiiaeo a?aaeaeai e i?aaiecaoeee.
E?iia oiai, a nayce n i?eiyoeai iiaiai A?aaeaeaineiai eiaeaena, aeaiiay
oaia i?aoa?iaea iaeioi?ua eciaiaiey, oaaee/eeinue /enei ii?i,
?aaoee?othueo aeaeeeoioth ioaaonoaaiiinoue, oioy e nio?aieeenue
iaeioi?ua i?ioeai?a/ey iaaeaeo ?yaeii ii?iaoeaii-i?aaiauo aeoia.
Ana yoi iaoneaaeeaaao iaiaoiaeeiinoue oaeaeaiey aieiaiey yoie oaia,
aeaeueiaeoae aa ?ac?aaioee e enneaaeiaaiee.
Nienie eniieueciaaiiie eeoa?aoo?u:
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A?aaeaeaineia i?aai, /anoue 1 / Iiae ?aaeaeoeeae Eaeieia A. A., Ianeyaaa
A. E. Iineaa, 1997 a.
A?aaeaeaineia i?aai, /anoue 1 / Iiae ?aaeaeoeeae Na?aaaaa A. I.,
Oienoiai TH. E. Iineaa, 1996 a.
A?aaeaeaineia i?aai, /anoue 2 / Iiae ?aaeaeoeeae Na?aaaaa A. I.,
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Iaaeiaeneee A. E. “Neo/ae e iai?aiaeieeiay neea a a?aaeaeaineie i?aaa”.
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Ii?iaoeaiue iaoa?eae e noaeaaiay i?aeoeea:
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Oaieiaiue eiaeaen ?O.
Caeii io 19 aeaeaa?y 1991 a. “Ia io?aia ie?oaeathuae i?e?iaeiie N?aaeu”.
Caeii “Ia aoiiiie yia?aee”.
I?aaeea aiciauaiey ?aaioiaeaoaeyie a?aaea, i?e/eiaiiiai ?aaioieeai
oaa/ueai, i?ioanneiiaeueiui caaieaaaiea eee eiui iia?aaeaeaieai
caei?iauey, naycaiiuo n eniieiaieai eie o?oaeiauo iaycaiiinoae,
ooaa?aeaeaiiua Iinoaiiaeaieai Aa?oiaiiai Niaaoa ?O io 24 aeaeaa?y 1992
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Iinoaiiaeaiea Ieaioia Aa?oiaiiai Noaea ?O io 28 ai?aey 1994 a. ? 3 “I
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iia?aaeaeaieai caei?iauey”.
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