?aoa?ao
Ia oaio: «Iaeei?aoeey aieio a ?A e a? iineaaenoaey»
I?aaeiao: Yeieiaey
Auiieieea: ?ae THeey, a?oiia ?5
N ae?aaiaeoeo a?aiai aieioa aeey /aeiaaea auee /oaeaeie, iianiie n?aaeie
e ia?acaaaeaiiie oaeiie. Ethaee “ianaeyee” aieioa eaaaiaeaie e
i?aaeaieyie. Iioii iie iiiyee, /oi aieioa – enoi/iee ai?th/aai oiieeaa –
oi?oa. Ii ioiioaiea e aieioo inoaaaeinue nei?aa iaaaoeaiui.
Naiua ae?aaiea aieioa Aaea?one — iieanneea. Eo aic?ano — ieiei 11 ouny/
eao. A Aeoaaneie iaeanoe aieioa iieiaea — ei “anaai” 5—6 ouny/ eao. Caoi
ia Aeoaaueia oiie aeoaaea — aei 9 iao?ia, a ia iieanneeo aieioao oieueia
neiy oi?oa /aua anaai ia i?aauoaao iieooi?a iao?ia. Aeey n?aaiaiey: a
A?aoeee anoue aieioa 30-iao?iaie aeoaeiu, a aacaeiiiua eeoaeneea oiie a
iyoue ?ac noa?oa aaei?onneeo — ia?aciaaeenue aieaa 50 ouny/ eao iacaae.
Iaeei?aoeeth ia Iieanuea aua a XVI aaea ia/aea ei?ieaaa Aiia Noi?oea.
Iia auea eoaeueyieie e eia-/oi ciaea ia yoii aeaea. A XVIII aaea ii aa
noiiai iioee ei?ieue Noaieneaa Iiiyoianeee, iaaiao Ieoaee Eaceie?
Iaeineee e i?aaenoaaeoaee ?iaea Naiaaia e ?aaeceaeeeia. Iaeioi?ua ec
eaiaeia oiai a?aiaie neoaeao e nae/an. XIX aae oaeaea inoaaee naie neaae
a iaeei?e?iaaiee iieanneeo caiaeue.
Ii ianniaay iaeei?aoeey Iieanuey ia/aeanue n 1965 aiaea. A NNN? iiuo
i?iaaaeaiey ia?ii?eyoee ii iiauoaieth yooaeoeaiinoe eniieueciaaiey
caiaeueiuo e aiaeiuo ?ano?nia oaea aue. Iai?eia?, a Noieeineii ?aeiia
aieueooth iaeei?aoeeth ia/aee aua a na?aaeeia 50-o. Ca aieaa /ai
aeanyoue eao i?i?uee eaiae i?ioyaeaiiinoueth nauoa 33 eeeiiao?ia,
nicaeaee anth iaiaoiaeeioth eio?ano?oeoo?o. A eoiaa iieo/eee ieiei 7
ouny/ aaeoa?ia inaiaiaeaeaiiuo io aiaeu ieiaei?iaeiuo caiaeue.
Aeaaiaea?y yoiio iiiaea naeueoici?aaiecaoeee ?aeiia iieo/eee
aeiiieieoaeueiua ieiuaaee oeo/oaiiie caiee, aea e ia ee/iuo iiaeai?ueyo
ianoiuo aeeoaeae noaei i?inoi?iaa.
Iaeei?aoeeth ioaeii inouanoaeyoue a?aiioii, a ia oae, eae a niaaoneea
a?aiaia, eiaaea iaeei?e?iaaiiua caiee canaaaee i?iiaoiuie eoeueoo?aie e
oaeei ia?acii ?ac?ooaee ii/ao.
Ia oi?oyiuo ii/aao o?iaeae anaaaea auoa. Ia ian/aiie eee noaeeienoie
ii/aa o?iaeae a aieueoae noaiaie caaeneo io iiaiaeu. A ia oi?oyiuo
au?anoao ana, /oi iinaaoue, e a canooeeaia eaoi, e a aeiaeaeeeaia. A
iioiio oicyenoaa eaii?e?iaaee ?aeiiaiaeaoeee o/aiuo: ia inooaiiuo
oa??eoi?eyo iaaei nayoue iiiaieaoiea o?aau e eeoue 15—20 i?ioeaioia
ioaiaeeoue iiae ca?iiaua naaiiai?iou. Naaeaee ea?oioeo, eoeo?oco e
iieo/aee aa?aioe?iaaiiue o?iaeae. A ?acoeueoaoa oi?oyiie neie
aeaa?aaee?iaae, e ia ianoa ieiaei?iaeiie caiee inoaeenue ian/aiua
i?iieaoeiu.
Aeaenoaeoaeueii, oaeea caiee ia iiaoo eniieueciaaoueny aeey i?iiaoiuo
eoeueoo?. A yoii neo/aa oi?o auno?i ?ac?ooaaony e auaao?eaaaony. A
ia?aoth i/a?aaeue, oaeea oa??eoi?ee iaiaoiaeeii eniieueciaaoue aeey
eoaiaiaenoaa. Oiaaea iaania/eaaaony iaeneiaeueiia nio?aiaiea oi?oyiiai
neiy, e ii ia enoiuaaony. E niaeaeaieth, a nia?aiaiiii aaei?onneii
naeueneii oicyenoaa eniieueciaaiea iaeei?e?iaaiiuo oi?oyiuo caiaeue aeey
au?aueaaiey i?iiaoiuo eoeueoo? ?ani?ino?aiaii i/aiue oe?iei.
A oi aea a?aiy oi?oyieee ea?atho ia?iiioth ?ieue a eeeiaoe/aneii
aaeaina, yaeythony naiuie yooaeoeaiuie anoanoaaiiuie yeinenoaiaie ia
ieaiaoa ii iaeiieaieth oaea?iaea. Eiaiii iiyoiio inooaiea e aeaeueiaeoaa
eniieueciaaiea oi?oyieeia i?eaiaeeo e eieinnaeueiui aua?inai oaeaeeneiai
aaca. Oaeea oi?oyieee eiatho ia?iiiue iaaaoeaiue yooaeo ia eeeiao.
Oae eee eia/a, ia Aiiaeueueia i?aaenoieo iaeei?e?iaaoue 116 ouny/ aa
caiaeue, niiauaao i?ann-neoaeaa i?aceaeaioa. Ii ioeaieai yenia?oia, yoi
iicaieeo iieo/eoue aei 300 ouny/ oiii aeiiieieoaeueiiai o?iaeay
ca?iiauo. A ianoiyuaa a?aiy ca aiae a iaeanoe i?iaiaeeony iaeei?aoeey a
n?aaeiai 4 ouny/ aa caiaeue. A ca?iiaua yaeythony eae ?ac i?iiaoiuie
eoeueoo?aie.
Aieioa — eaaeea Caiee. Iie iiaeiuatho oaeaeeneue aac e au?aaaouaatho
eenei?iae, oi?ie?otho eeeiao e iiaeaea?aeeaatho aeieiae/aneia
?aaiiaanea. O/aiua iiaen/eoaee, /oi iaeei aaeoa? anoanoaaiiuo aieioiuo
oaiaeee niiniaai iiaeioeoue ieiei oiiiu ia?ieeiauo aacia. A Aaea?one ia
eaaeaeiai aeeoaey aaeaaiaeii i?eoiaeeony 6 oiii ia?ieeiauo aacia. A
Aa?iaiee — 11 oiii, a NOA — 25.
Caiaoei, /oi iaeei?aoeey auea e a Aa?iia. I?e/ai cia/eoaeueii ?aiueoa. A
Aa?iaiee anoue aieioi, inooaiiia aieaa 250 eao iacaae, a Iieueoa –
ia?anoaaoaa nouanoaiaaoue oneeeyie /aeiaaea aieaa 140 eao iacaae. A
Aaeeeia?eoaiee aieaa 80 i?ioeaioia aieio en/acei iieiinoueth. E nae/an
aa?iiaeoeu ?aaeu eaaeaeiio ainnoaiiaeaiiiio eei/eo. Iai?eia?, iaioeu
nicaeaee aieueoie oo?enoe/aneee eiiieaen, eoaea ethaee aaeoo niio?aoue
ia ainnoaiiaeaiiia aieioi, ieiuaaeue eioi?iai 124 aaeoa?a. Aaei?onai
inoaaony oieueei oeuaiooueny. O ian — 9212 aieio. Aei inooaiey eo iauay
ieiuaaeue aeinoeaaea 2939 ouny/ aaeoa?ia. “Auaeeei” aieueoa iieiaeiu
aaei?onneeo aieio. 1,7 ieeeeiia aaeoa?ia inoaeinue a anoanoaaiiii
ninoiyiee.
Naaiaeiy aaei?onneea yeieiae aiai?yo i iaiaoiaeeiinoe ainnoaiiaeaiey
inooaiiuo aieio: aieaa 200 ouny/ aaeoa?ia au?aaioaiiuo oi?oyieeia e
i?eia?ii noieueei aea ae?oaeo ia?ooaiiuo aieio ethaee aeieaeiu
aica?aoeoue i?e?iaea.
Eciaiaiey yeieiaee ia Aaei?onneii Iieanuea oaea aeaeiu anai iai
iaaii?oae?iiui acaeyaeii. Aane?aeiea inooaiiua i?inoi?u ia inoaaeytho
iaaeaaeaeu aeeaioiiio ie?o nouanoaiaaoue caeanue.
Aaniie ia/eiaaony aieueoie ia?ae?o ouny/ e ouny/ ioeoe. Caeanue
i?ioiaeyo eo aeaaiua iooe, e a?onoii niio?aoue, eiaaea iie aeieai
e?oaeaony iaae eciai?iiuie oaiaeueyie. Eo aaiaoe/aneay iaiyoue
i?iaeieaeaao ec aiaea a aiae eneaoue ooa?yiiua aiaeii-aieioiua
i?ino?ainoaa.
Aieioa auiieiytho ia?iiiia eiee/anoai ooieoeee. Iai?eia?,
aaci?aaoeyoi?ioth, eeeiaoiia?acothuoth, aeieiae/aneoth,
?ano?ni-nu?ueaaoth e iiiaea ae?oaea. Iaeiaei iieiinoueth ni?aaeyoueny ni
naiae «?aaioie» iiaoo oieueei aieioa iaia?ooaiiua, «aeeaua».
A Aaea?one anoue iie ?aciuo oeiia – aa?oiaua, ia?aoiaeiua e ieceiiua.
Aaaea a ae?oaii – ieiei iieiaeiu eo ia?ooaii, naiie /anoie i?e/eiie
yoiai niaoeeaeenou iacuaatho ao?iia ?acaeoea naeueneiai oicyenoaa a
i?ioeii.
Iaeei?aoeey cia/eoaeueii nie?auaao aeieiae/aneia ?aciiia?acea. E
i?eia?o, ?aiueoa ia I?eiyoe ?inei ia?iiiia eiee/anoai ?acee/iuo inie,
ea, auee aeaaea i?oeaeae. Oaia?ue yoi – iaeei?e?iaaiiue eoa, ia eioi?ii
aeieaia a?aiy au?aueaaee naeueneioicyenoaaiiua eoeueoo?u, E?iia yoiai,
aieioa /enoyo aiaeo, iia enia?yaony. Yoi aeaeaao eeeiao i?ioeaaeiaa, /oi
nianai iaieioi.
Anoue o aieio aua iaeia aaaeiay caaea/a. Iie ?aaoee?otho niaea?aeaiea a
aoiinoa?a ia?ieeiauo aacia – aeaoieene oaea?iaea (NI2), iaoaia (NI4) e
caeene acioa (N2O).
A «aeeauo» aieioao ioia?oay aeiianna ia ?aceaaaaony iieiinoueth.
I?eia?ii iaeia aeanyoay aa /anoue ioeeaaeuaaaony a aeaea oi?oa. *anoue
oaea?iaea, eioi?oth ?anoaiey iieo/eee a aeaea oaeaeeneiai aaca e
eniieueciaaee aeey no?ieoaeuenoaa naiae oeaie, nio?aiyaony a aieioa
iaanaaaea. Iieo/aaony, /oi aieioi ecuiaao oaeaeeneue aac ec aoiinoa?u.
Anee aieioi ia?ooaii, oi ia?aciaaiea oi?oa inoaiaaeeaaaony. A «nooii»
aieioa ia/eiaaony i?ioeann ieia?aeecaoeee oi?oa. Yoi cia/eo, /oi i?e
aieueoai aeinooia eenei?iaea e ii?iaea iaaethaeaaony aai eioaineaiia
?aceiaeaiea e auaeaeaiea NI2 a ie?oaeathuoth n?aaeo. Neaaeiaaoaeueii,
inooaiiia aieioi ia nieaeaao aua?inu ia?ieeia aacia, a, iaiai?io,
yaeyaony eo enoi/ieeii.
Iieiiaiaeiia aieioi aua?anuaaao a aoiinoa?o iaoai. Iaeiaei yoe iauaiu
cia/eoaeueii ieaea iauaiia iiaeiuaiey aeaoieene oaea?iaea, iioiio
aicaeaenoaea ia eciaiaiea eeeiaoa ia nouanoaaiii. Inooaiiua aieioa iaoai
ia auaeaeytho, ii /anoi yaeythony neeueiui enoi/ieeii caeene acioa,
ia?acothuaainy a ?acoeueoaoa ieo?eoeeaoeee – i?ioeanna
iee?iaeieiae/aneiai i?aa?auaiey aiiiieeiuo nieae a ieo?aou.
Anai ecaanoii, /?acia?iia auaeaeaiea ia?ieeiauo aacia i?eaiaeeo e
aeiaaeueiiio eciaiaieth eeeiaoa. – Ii ioeaieai o/aiuo, inooaiea aieio
i?eaaei e eieaeueiiio eciaiaieth eeeiaoa ia iaeioi?ie oa??eoi?ee
Aaea?one. E i?eia?o, a n?aaeiai oaiia?aoo?a ioeeiieeanue ia 1 a?aaeon.
*enei caii?iceia a naaa?iuo e thaeiuo ?aeiiao Aaea?one i?aeoe/anee
n?aaiyeinue.
Aaea?onue n/eoaaony «ai?y/ae» oi/eie ii aua?ino ia?ieeiauo aacia ec
aieio ia?yaeo ni no?aiaie Oeaio?aeueiie Aa?iiu, thai-ainoi/iie
Eiaeiiacee e naaa?ii Aia?eee. I?iaeaia ia auea au i?iaeaiie, anee au
nouanoaiaaea oieueei a iaoae no?aia. Ii oaea naaiaeiy inooaiiua aieioa
ai anai ie?a yaeythony enoi/ieeii 10 % oaeaeeneiai aaca.
Yeieiae/aneia oiaa?euanoai «Caeaiay naoue» iiaeaea?aeeaaao oneeey
I?aaeoaeuenoaa ?anioaeeee Aaea?onue e n/eoaao, /oi aeey aieaa
aaeaeaaoiie ioeaiee aua?inia ia?ieeiauo aacia e i?iaaaeaiey
niioaaonoaothueo i?iaeoia ii nieaeaieth aua?inia iaiaoiaeeii aeeth/eoue
a o?aaiaaiey aeey naeoi?a caieaiieueciaaiea, eciaiaiea caieaiieueciaaiey
e eaniia oicyenoai yiennee e noiee io aeaa?aaee?iaaiiuo aieio, eo
ainnoaiiaeaiey e caueou. E neiao, aeeth/aiea aieio a LULUCF iiaea/ao ca
niaie ia oieueei yeieiae/aneea, ii e yeiiiie/aneea auaiaeu. E i?eia?o,
aoaeoo auaeaeyoueny n?aaenoaa aeey «ainnoaiiaeoaeueiuo» i?iaeoia.
Enoi/ieee eioi?iaoeee
1) http://www.ng.by/ru/issues?art_id=39717
2) http://www.belaruspartisan.org/bp-forte/?page=100&news=47480
3) http://bp21.org.by/ru/books/bolota.html
4) http://news.tut.by/111543.html
5) http://nash-dom.info/view2461.html
6) http://un.by/ru/undp/focus-areas/energy/
7) http://region.grodno.by/ru/news/society?id=6859
8)
http://greenbelarus.info/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=755&I
temid=121&mosmsg=%CA%EE%EC%EC%E5%ED%F2%E0%F0%E8%E9+%F3%F1%EF%E5%F8%ED%EE
+%E4%EE%E1%E0%E2%EB%E5%ED.
9) http://www.brest-region.by/topic.php?tid=5714
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