IAAeE (OO)
Eaoaae?a : Aaoio?aeoi?iua aeaeaaoaee
Oaieiaie e aeeiaie/aneee ?an/?o aeaeaaoaey aioo?aiiaai nai?aiey
I?aiiaeaaaoaeue: I?eoaei
Nooaeaio: Oie/ei A.A.
A?oiia: 4AeI1
IINEAA 1995
Caaeaiea ?24
1 Oei aeaeaaoaey e nenoaiu ieoaiey – aaiceiiaue,ea?ath?aoi?iay.
2 Oei nenoaiu ioeaaeaeaiey – aeeaeeinoiay.
=100 [eAo]
]
V- 8
6 Noaiaiue naeaoey – e=7.5
7 Oei eaia?u nai?aiey – iieoeeeiiaay .
=================================================
?aoaiea:
1 Oa?aeoa?enoeea oiieeaa.
Yeaiaioa?iue ninoaa aaiceia a aaniauo ianniauo aeieyo:
N=0.855 ; I=0.145
Iieaeoey?iay ianna e iecoay oaieioa nai?aiey :
=115[ea/e iieue] ; Hu=44000[eAeae/ea]
2 Auai? noaiaie naeaoey.
e=7.5 I*=75-85
3 Auai? cia/aiey eiyooeoeaioa ecauoea aicaeooa.
a=0.85-0.95 a=0.9
4 ?an/?o eie-aa aicaeooa iaiaoiaeeiiai aeey nai?aiey 1 ea oiieeaa
5 Eiee/anoai naaaeae niane
6 Ninoaa e eiee/anoai i?iaeoeoia nai?aiey
Aicuei?i e=0.47
7 Oai?aoe/aneee eiyooeoeeaio iieaeoey?iiai eciaiaiey niane
8 Oneiaey ia aionea
P0=0.1 [MIa] ; T0=298 [K]
9 Auai? ia?aiao?ia inoaoi/iuo aacia
Tr=900-1000 [K] ; Aicuei?i Tr=1000 [K]
Pr=(1.05-1.25)P0 [MIa] ; Pr=1.2*P0=0.115 [Mia]
10 Auai? oaiia?aoo?u iiaeia?aaa naaaeaai ca?yaea
11 Ii?aaeaeaiea iioa?ue iaii?a ai aioneiie nenoaia
Iaoa cia/aiea aoiaeeo a yoio eioa?aae.
12 Ii?aaeaeaiea eiyooeoeeaioa inoaoi/iuo aacia
13 Ii?aaeaeaiea oaiia?aoo?u eiioea aionea
14 Ii?aaeaeaiea eiyooeoeeaioa iaiieiaiey
15 Auai? iieacaoaey iieeo?iiu naeaoey
16 Ii?aaeaeaiea ia?aiao?ia eiioea naeaoey
17 Ii?aaeaeaiea aeaenoaeoaeueiiai eiyo-oa iieaeoey?iiai eciaiaiey
18 Iioa?e oaieiou aneaaenoaea iaiieiiou nai?aiey
19 Oaieioa nai?aiey niane
20 Iieueiay oaiei?ieinoue i?iaeoeoia nai?aiey i?e oaiia?aoo?a eiioea
naeaoey
22 Iieueiay oaiei?ieinoue i?e iinoiyiiii iau?ia ?aai/ae niane a eiioea
naeaoey
23 Iieueiay oaiei?ieinoue i?e iinoiyiiii iau?ia ?aai/ae niane
, aaea
24 Oaiia?aoo?a eiioea aeaeeiiai nai?aiey
25 Oa?aeoa?iua cia/aiey Oz
26 Iaeneiaeueiia aeaaeaiea nai?aiey e noaiaiue iiauoaiey aeaaeaiey
27 Noaiaiue i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai -p e iineaaeothuaai -d ?anoe?aiey
28 Auai? iieacaoaey iieeo?iiu ?anoe?aiey n2
29 Ii?aaeaeaiea ia?aiao?ia eiioea ?anoe?aiey
30 I?iaa?ea i?aaeeueiinoe auai?a oaiia?aoo?u inoaoi/iuo aacia Or
31 Ii?aaeaeaiea n?aaeiaai eiaeeeaoi?iiai aeaaeaiey
32 Ii?aaeaeaiea eiaeeeaoi?iiai E.I.Ae.
Iaoa cia/aiea aoiaeeo a eioa?aae .
33 Ii?aaeaeaiea oaeaeueiiai eiaeeeaoi?iiai ?anoiaea oiieeaa
34 Ii?aaeaeaiea n?aaeiaai aeaaeaiey iaoaie/aneeo iioa?ue
35 Ii?aaeaeaiea n?aaeiaai yooaeoeaiiai aeaaeaiey
36 Ii?aaeaeaiea iaoaie/aneiai E.I.Ae.
37 Ii?aaeaeaiea oaeaeueiiai yooaeoeaiiai ?anoiaea oiieeaa
38 *aniaie ?anoiae oiieeaa
39 ?aai/ee iau?i aeaeaaoaey
40 ?aai/ee iau?i oeeeeiae?a
41 Ii?aaeaeaiea aeeaiao?a oeeeeiae?a
– eiyo. ei?ioeioiaeiinoe
k=0.7-1.0 ; Aicuei?i k =0.9
42 Oiae ii?oiy
43 I?iaa?ea n?aaeiae nei?inoe ii?oiy
44 Ii?aaeaeythony iniiaiua iieacaoaee aeaeaaoaey
45 Ninoaaeyaony oaaeeoea iniiaiuo aeaiiuo aeaeaaoaey
Ne iVh Ne e n Pe ge S D GT
Aaeeieoeu
ecia?aiey eAo E aAo/e
iei-1 IIa a/eAo./ ii ii ea//
I?iaeo 110.9 4.777 20.8 7.5 3200 0.785 330.2 88 98 33.02
I?ioaoei 110.3 5.969 18.5 7.1 3200 0.7 335 95 100
*****************************************************************
Iino?iaiea eiaeeeaoi?iie aeeaa?aiiu
Iino?iaiea i?iecaiaeeony a eii?aeeiaoao : aeaaeaiea (?) — oiae ii?oiy
(S).
1 ?aeiiaiaeoaiua ianooaau
a) ianooaa aeaaeaiey : mp=0.025 (Iia/ii)
a) ianooaa ia?aiauaiey ii?oiy : ms=0.75 (ii*S/ii)
7 No?iei e?eaua eeiee iieeo?ii naeaoey e ?anoe?aiey
?an/?o i?iecaiaeeony ii aeaayoe oi/eai.
Iieeo?iia naeaoey Iieeo?iia ?anoe?aiey
?
1 18 7.5 14.58 47.83 1.19 13.18 203.57 5.09
2 20.5 6.6 12.3 40.35 1.0 11.19 172.84 4.32
3 23.5 5.775 10.3 33.78 0.84 9.43 145.69 3.64
4 32.8 4.125 6.58 21.59 0.54 6.13 94.71 2.36
5 41 3.3 4.89 16.05 0.40 4.61 71.18 1.78
6 54.6 2.475 3.3 10.94 0.27 3.19 49.25 1.23
7 82 1.65 1.95 6.38 0.16 1.89 29.31 0.73
8 108.7 1.245 1.3 4.38 0.11 1.32 20.44 0.51
9 135.3 1 1 3.28 0.08 1.0 15.44 0.38
8 Iino?iaiea aeeaa?aiiu,niioaaonoaothuae ?aaeueiiio (aeaenoaeoaeueiiio)
oeeeeo.
I?iaeieaeeoaeueiinoue caaea?aeee ainieaiaiaiey (f-e) ninoaaeyao ii oaeo
N o/?oii iiauoaiey aeaaeaiey io ia/aaoaainy aei AIO nai?aiey aeaaeaiea
eiioea naeaoey Pcl (oi/ea nl) ninoaaeyao:
Iiiaiou ioe?uoey e cae?uoey eeaiaiia ii?aaeaeythony ii aeeaa?aiiai oac
aaci?ani?aaeaeaiey aeaeaaoaeae-i?ioaoeiia,eiathueo oi aea /enei e
?aniieiaeaiea oeeeeiae?ia e i?eia?ii oaeoth aea n?aaeithth nei?inoue
ii?oiy,/oi e i?iaeoe?oaiue aeaeaaoaeue.
Aeeiaie/aneee ?an/?o
Auai? ianooaaia:
Aeeaa?aiia oaeaeueiuo nee eia?oeee Pj aica?aoii-iinooiaoaeueiuo
aeaeaeouaony iann EOI
,aeaenoaothuae ia ii?oaiue
ecauoi/iia aeaaeaiea aacia
Aeeaa?aiia nee N,K,T
Aiaeeoe/aneia au?aaeaiea nee:
oaie iiai?ioa e?eaioeia
oaie ioeeiiaiey oaooia
Iiey?iay aeeaa?aiia neeu Roo ,aeaenoaothuae ia oaooiioth oaeeo
eieaiaaea.
?annoiyiea niauaiey iiethna aeeaa?aiiu
?annoiyiea io iiaiai iiethna Ioo aei ethaie oi/ee aeeaa?aiiu ?aaii
aaiiao?e/aneie noiia aaeoi?ia Kro e S
Aiaeec o?aaiiaaoaiiinoe aeaeaaoaey
O 4o oaeoiiai V-ia?aciiai 8ie oeeeeiae?iaiai aeaeaaoaey eieaiaae
ianeiiao?e/iue.Oaeie aeaeaaoaeue ?anniao?eaatho eae /aou?a 2oo
oeeeeiae?iauo V-ia?aciuo aeaeaaoaey,iineaaeiaaoaeueii ?aciau?iiuo ii ine
eieaiaaea.
?aaiiaeaenoaothuay nee eia?oeee I ii?yaeea eaaeaeie ia?u
oeeeeiae?ia,aoaeo/e iai?aaeaia ii ?aaeeono e?eaioeia,o?aaiiaaoeaaaony
i?ioeaiaanii,o.a. a aeaeaaoaea n i?ioeaiaanaie:
Neea eia?oeee 2-ai ii?yaeea ia?u oeeeeiae?ia:
Ana yoe neeu eaaeao a iaeiie ieineinoe,?aaiu ii aaniethoiiio cia/aieth,
ii iiia?ii ioee/athony eeoue ciaeaie.Eo aaiiao?e/aneay noiia = 0.
Iiiaiou io nee eia?oeee II ii?yaeea,aicieeathuea io 1-e e 2-e ia?
oeeeeiae?ia,?aaiu ii cia/aieth e i?ioeaiiieiaeaiu ii ciaeo;oi/ii oae aea
io 2-e e 3-e ia? oeeeeiae?ia.
Aeeaa?aiia noiia?iiai eiaeeeaoi?iiai e?ooyuaai iiiaioa Ie?
Aaee/eia noiia?iiai e?ooyuaai iiiaioa io anao oeeeeiae?ia iieo/aaony
a?aoe/aneei neiaeaieai iiiaioia io eaaeaeiai oeeeeiae?a,iaeiia?aiaiii
aeaenoaothueo ia eieaiaae i?e aeaiiii cia/aiee oaea j ii oi/eai
0+3+6+9+12+15+18+21 ; 1+4+7+10+13+16+19+22….
Iioii n?aaieaaaony ni cia/aieai iiiaioa iieo/aiiiai oai?aoe/anee.
? j
T
0 0 1 1.260 -40 -39 0 0 1 -39 0 0
1 30 -1 0.996 -31.6 -32.6 0.131 -4.3 0.801 -26.1 0.613 -20
2 60 -1 0.370 -11.8 -12.8 0.230 -3 0.301 -3.8 0.981 -12.5
3 90 -1 -0.260 8.2 7.2 0.267 1.9 -0.267 -1.9 1 7.2
4 120 -1 -0.630 20 19 0.230 4.4 -0.699 -13.3 0.751 14.2
5 150 -1 -0.736 23.3 22.3 0.131 3 -0.931 -20.7 0.387 8.6
6 180 -1 -0.740 23.5 22.5 0 0 -1 -22.5 0 0
7 210 0 -0.736 23.3 23.3 -0.131 -3 -0.931 -21.7 -0.387 -9
8 240 1 -0.630 20 21 -0.230 -4.8 -0.699 -14.7 -0.751 -15.7
9 270 2 -0.260 8.2 10.2 -0.267 -2.7 -0.267 -2.7 -1 -10.2
10 300 8 0.370 -11.8 -3.8 -0.230 0.9 0.301 -1.1 -0.981 3.7
11 330 24 0.996 -31.6 -7.6 -0.131 1 0.801 -6.1 -0.613 4.6
12 360 54 1.260 -40 14 0 0 1 14 0 0
12’ 370 169 1.229 -39 130 0.045 5.8 0.977 127 0.218 28.3
12’’ 380 152 1.139 -36.1 115.9 0.089 10.3 0.909 105.3 0.426 49.4
13 390 106 0.996 -31.6 74.4 0.131 9.7 0.801 59.6 0.613 45.6
14 420 45 0.370 -11.8 33.2 0.230 7.6 0.301 10 0.981 32.5
15 450 24 -0.260 8.2 32.2 0.267 8.6 -0.267 -8.6 1 32.2
16 480 15 -0.630 20 35 0.230 8 -0.699 -24.5 0.751 26.3
17 510 10 -0.736 23.3 33.3 0.131 4.4 -0.931 -31 0.387 12.9
18 540 6 -0.740 23.5 29.5 0 0 -1 -29.5 0 0
19 570 2 -0.736 23.3 25.3 -0.131 -3.3 -0.931 -23.5 -0.387 -9.8
20 600 1 -0.630 20 21 -0.230 -4.8 -0.699 -14.7 -0.751 -15.8
21 630 1 -0.260 8.2 9.2 -0.267 -2.4 -0.267 -24 -1 -9.2
22 660 1 0.370 -11.8 -10.8 -0.230 2.5 0.301 -3.2 -0.981 10.6
23 690 1 0.996 -31.6 -30.6 -0.131 4 0.801 -24.5 -0.613 18.7
24 720 1 1.260 -40 -39 0 0 1 -39 0 0
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