Niaea?aeaiea:
Yiioe aeeciaiiiai iooe.
O?oae aeecie . Iniiaiua iiiyoey .
Cia/aiea oeeinioee Oiiaiaaoy?a .
Yiioe aeeciaiiiai iooe.
A?oo? Oiiaiaaoy? ?iaeeeny 22 oaa?aey 1860 aiaea . Aai ioaoe aue
aeiaieueii aiaaoue aeaioeeaneee eoiaoe. A aic?anoa aeaayoe eao A?oo?
aianoa n iooeii, aeaeaaoei aeaoue nuio oi?ioaa ia?aciaaiea, ioi?aaeyaony
ai O?aioeeth. I?iaeea aeaa aiaea a Aaa?a, ii ioee/ii eco/aao
o?aioeocneee ycue. Caoai ii /aou?a aiaea i?iaiaeeo a Aaiao?aa, aaea
i?iaeieaeaao nai? ia?aciaaiea a /anoiii eiiia?/aneii o/eeeua. No?anoue
nuia e iaoea o?aaiaeeo iooea , eioi?ue iaaeayeny oaeaeaoue a nuia
i?aaiieea ia eiiia?/aneii iii?eua , iiyoiio ia i?inueau nuia ioaeaoue
aai a aeiiaceth ioaoe i?eaaaioe e oeo?inoe. Ii i?aaeeiaeee nuio eee
ioeacaoueny io o/aiie ea?uea?u e oio/an n ?iaeeoaeyie ioi?aaeoueny a
iooaoanoaea ia ianeieueei eao , eeai iinooiaoue a aeiiaceth , eeoeaoenue
aiciiaeiinoe o/anoaiaaoue a noieue ethaeiuo ei iooaoanoaeyo. A?oo?
aua?ae ia?aia e a oa/aiea aeaoo eao ( io 15 aei 17 eao ) ii iauaoae n
?iaeeoaeyie Aa?iaieth, Aano?eth, Oaaeoea?eth, O?aioeeth e Aiaeeth. Ai
a?aiy iooaoanoaey ii aaaeao aeiaaiee , a eioi?ii oaea oiaaea
i?ineaaeeaathony i?iyaeaiey ianneienoe/aneiai acaeyaea ia aeeciue – aa
oaiiua noi?iiu iniai i?eaeaeatho aai aieiaiea. A Eeiia aanaeue aeae
ai?iaea ii eiio?anoo iaiiieiaao aio oaeanu ?aaiethoeee , eioi?ua ,
eacaeinue au , aeieaeiu auee auoue o anao ia iaiyoe. “Ia iiiyoii ,-
caia/aao ii ii yoiio iiaiaeo ,- eae neea a?aiaie iiaeao noe?aoue naiua
aeeaua e naiua oaeaniua aia/aoeaiey.” Oaea oiaaea i?ineaaeeaaaony aai
aioeiaoey ei ana?ac?ooathuaio a?aiaie , ii aeaaea ia?aaiaeeo
noeoioai?aiea Ieeueoiia , a eioi?ii auneacuaaaony aeaeaiea aaaeaoue io
a?aiaie. Ii aica?auaiee ec iooaoanoaey ( a ia/aea 1805 aiaea ) A?oo?
iinooiaao a o/aiea e iaeiiio e?oiiiio eiiia?naioo. *a?ac ianeieueei
ianyoeaa oia? aai ioaoe. Yoi aue oe?iei ia?aciaaiiue /aeiaae , o
eioi?iai yia?ae/iue oa?aeoa? i?aaenoaaeye auaeathuothny /a?oo ,
ia?aaeaiioth nuio a ianeaaenoai, ii aianoa n yoie /a?oie nui
oianeaaeiaae io iaai e iaeioi?ua ineoe/aneea iaii?iaeueiinoe, eioi?ua
auee ia /oaeaeu iooeo : ia iaai iaoiaeeee aieaciaiiua i?eiaaeee, a
iaeiii ec ieo ii e iiaea. E?iia iaeeiiiinoe e iaeaioieee , A?oo?
oianeaaeiaae io iooea i?aae?aniieiaeaiiinoue e a?aaeiaui eaeayi ; oae ,
iai?eia? , ii a?aiaiai ( n ?aiiaai aeaonoaa ) aai ioaaouaae ii ?aciui
iiaiaeai aanniuneaiiue no?ao e e?aeiaa iaaeiaa?ea e ethaeyi. Ii nia?oe
iooea , onooiay aeaeiaai nuia ia iai?eaeaeaoaeueiinoue eiiia?/aneie
aeayoaeueiinoe , iaoue ?ac?aoeea aio iinayoeoue naay iaoea, e ii
?aaiinoii i?eiyeny eco/aoue ae?aaiea ycuee , ia?aaoaa e iaoa?e a Aaeia?
, eoaea iia ia?anaeeeanue anei?a iinea nia?oe ioaea. Eiaaiia Oiiaiaaoa?
( O?iceia? ) auea aanaeay , aeecia?aaeinoiay ii iaaeoaieay iaoo?a. Oai
ia iaiaa ae iaeuecy auei ioeacaoue A aeeaii e iaaethaeaoaeueiii oia e
aeiaieueii cia/eoaeueiii eeoa?aoo?iii aea?iaaiee. Eiaaea nui ia?anaeeeny
a Aaeia? , iaaeaeo iei e iaoa?ueth ia i?iecioei ieeaeiai naeeaeaiey ;
iai?ioea , eo oa?aeoa?u auee neeoeii ?acee/iu. Nuio ia i?aaeeinue
eaaeiiuneea e ouaneaaea , iaoue aiciouaeanue a nuia aai caiin/eainoueth
, aeooii i?ioeai?a/ey , i?yiioith , ia?aoiaeyuath ca/anooth a a?oainoue
, e oyaioeeanue iia oaeaea aa/ii iaeaioiee/aneei iano?iaieai nuia ,
Acaeiiay oieiaeiinoue ioiioaiee aiineaaenoaee A ( 1814 aiaeo ) i?eaaea e
iieiiio ?ac?uao iaaeaeo iaoa?ueth e nuiii e , oioy iineaaeiyy i?iaeeea
iinea yoiai aua 24 aiaea , iie aieueoa ieeiaaea ia aeaeaeenue ; a
eiioea aa aeecie , ai?i/ai , iaaeaeo A?oo?ii e iaoa?ueth
aiciaiiaeeanue ae?oaeaneay ia?aienea. A 1809 aiaeo A?oo? iinooiaao a
Aaooeiaaineee oieaa?neoao nooaeaioii iaaeeoeeiu , /oiau iniiaaoaeueii
eco/eoue anoanoaaiiua iaoee. Iinea caiyoee anoanoaaiiuie iaoeaie A?oo?
i?enooiaao e eco/aieth oeeinioee. N ineoieiaeae e eiaeeie ii aia?aua
iiciaeiieeny ia eaeoeeyo Aiooeiaa-Y?inoa Ooeueoea , eioi?ue iiniaaoiaae
i?aaeaea ae?oaeo oeeinioia i?ioooaee?iaaoue Ieaoiia e Eaioa , a iicaeiaa
oaea i?eiyoueny ca A?enoioaey e Nieiico . N inaie 1811 aei inaie 1813
aiaeia Oiiaiaaoa? i?i?aaioae a Aa?eeia , aaea i?iaeieaeae iaeiia?aiaiii
?aaioaoue ii anoanoaiciaieth e oeeinioee. Eaeoeee Oeooa e Oeaea?iaoa?a
iaei oaeiaeaoai?yee aai; o ia?aiai ii neooae i “oaeoao niciaiey” , o
aoi?iai – enoi?eth n?aaeiaaaeiaie oeeinioee ; io ia?aiai aai iooieeioee
iioeieci e ia a ia?o aeeneo?neaiay oi?ia eceiaeaiey , io aoi?iai –
iuneue i i?eie?eiinoe oeeinioee e ?aeeaee.
Iinea oii?iie ?aaiou , eco/ea Ieaoiia e Eaioa , ia?a/eoaa Aa?aea?a ,
Iaeiiia , Aaea , Ooeueoea , O?eca e iiiaeo ae?oaeo , ii i?aaenoaaee a
Eaia oaeoeueoaoo aeenna?oaoeeth : “I /aoaa?e/iii caeiia ei?iy
aeinoaoi/iiai iniiaaiey” e oniaoii caueoee aa . Yoi ni/eiaiea ,
caeeth/athuaa a naaa oai?eth ciaiey Oiiaiaaoy?a , i?aaenoaaeyao oaea
aiieia c?aeia i?iecaaaeaiea , ii iiaieth nia?aiaiiuo e?eoeeia. Eae
aeieoi?neay aeenna?oaoeey , iii auei ano?a/aii ni/oanoaaiiuie
?aoeaiceyie , ii eeoa?aoo?iiai oniaoa a aieueoie ioaeeea , ia eioi?ue
?ann/eouaae Oiiaiaaoy? , eieae ia eiaee , /oi aeoaiei iai?/eei aai. A
neaaeothuai aiaeo caaeoiaia ?aaioa “I c?aiee e oeaaoao” , iaienaiiay
iiae neeueiui aeeyieai A?oa . Iineaaeothuea /aou?a aiaea Oiiaiaaoy?
iinayuaao iaaeoiuaaieth e nicaeaieth naiaai aeaaiiai o?oaea : “Ie? eae
aiey e i?aaenoaaeaiea” . A 1914 aiaeo Oiiaiaaoy? ieii/aoaeueii ii?uaaao
n iaoa?ueth e nano?ie Aaeaeueth , iaanaaaea iieeaeaao Aaeia? e
iinaeyaony a Ae?acaeaia.
Ii ieii/aiee naiaai aeaaiiai o?oaea ( a 1818 aiaeo ) ii ii oacaeaao a
Eoaeeth. *a?ac aiae , ii iaia/aoaiee aai aeaaiiai o?oaea Oiiaiaaoy?
aunooiaao aeioeaioii a Aa?eeineii oieaa?neoaoa . Ii /eoae naie eo?n :
“O/aiea i nouiinoe ie?a e i /aeiaa/aneii aeooa” . Ia iaaeinoaoie
i?aiiaeaaaoaeueneiai aea?iaaiey , ia oa?aeoa? eo?na , ii anaiauaa
oaea/aiea aaaaeaaneie oeeinioeae , aa?iyoii , auei i?e/eiie oiai , /oi
eaeoeee Oiiaiaaoy?a ia ia?aoeee ia naay aieiaiey nooaeaioia , e oioy a
neaaeothuea naiano?u ii aua ianeieueei ?ac iauyaeye i naiai eo?na “ Ia
iniiaaiee oeeinioee eee i oai?ee iiciaiey , aeeth/ay eiaeeo” , ii ii
ieeiaaea ia /eoae yoiai eo?na. Aianoa n iaoniaoii i?aiiaeaaaoaeueneie
aeayoaeueiinoe oyaeaeui oaea?ii aeey Oiiaiaaoy?a yaeeny iaoniao aai
aeaaiiai i?iecaaaeaiey “ Ie? eae aiey e i?aaenoaaeaiea” . Ca iyoue eao
iinea aai auoiaea a naao i iai iiyaeeenue oieueei o?e ?aoeaicee Aa?aa?oa
, Aaiaea e ?aooea ; ana o?e caeeth/aee a naaa ia?yaeo n aic?aaeaieyie e
iioaaeu, ii i?ioee iacaia/aiiuie ioaeeeie , eae e ?acia?aiiay a ieo
eieaa . Ia Aaiaea Oiiaiaaoy? ia?ooeeny a?aiiie noaoueae ,
iani?aaaaeeeai e e?aa=eia a?oai oi?aeay aai a ceinoiii eneaaeaiee naieo
iuneae . N yoie ii?u iaiaaenoue e i?ioanni?ai Oeeinioee a Oiiaiaaoy?a
i?eieiaao oa?aeoa? iaoieiae/aneee . Aaeeinoaaiiui ooaoaieai aeey
inei?aeaiiiai naiiethaey oeeinioa auei ni/oanoaaiiia ioiioaiea e iaio
ni noi?iiu A?oa e AE.-I. ?eooa?a , eioi?ue ienae , /oi ie?iaicc?aiea
Oiiaiaaoy?a “iaia?oaeeaaao /anoi aacooaoioth e aaciaaeaaeioth aeoaeio
, iiaeiaii iaeaioiee/aneiio ica?o a Ii?aaaee , ie?oaeaiiiio ni anao
noi?ii i?a/iuie noaiaie ec e?oouo neae , a eioi?uo ieeiaaea ia aeaeii
nieioea , a aeaeii eeoue a aeoaeia caacaeiia iaai , ieeiaaea iaae yoei
ica?ii ia i?ieaoaee ioeoeu , ia i?iaaaeeo e aieia”. Yoio iaoniao oyaeaei
io?aceeny ia i?a/iii e aac oiai iano?iaiee oeeinioa , ii ii i?iaeieaeae
?aaioaoue. I?aainoiaeiia ciaiea ycueia aeaei aio aiciiaeiinoue
ia?aaanoe iaeio eniaineoth eieao – nai?iee i?aaee naaoneie e aeeoaeneie
ioae?inoe Aaeoaca?a A?aoeeaia – ia iaiaoeeee , a naith ?aaioo “ I c?aiee
e oeaaoao” – ia eaoeineee . A aaaonoa 1831 aiaea , i?e ianooieaiee
oiea?u a Aa?eeia , ii ia?aa?aeny ai O?aieoo?o-ia-Iaeia , aaea e
i?iaeee anth naith inoaeueioth aeeciue . Aai o?oaeu o?eaeoeaouo aiaeia
, ca eneeth/aieai iaeiiai “I naiaiaea aiee” , iaienaiiia ia eiieo?n ii
i?aaeeiaeaieth ii?aaaeneiai ei?ieaaneiai iauanoaa a Ae?iioaaeia e
oaai/aiiia i?aieae , oaeaea iaei auee ioeaiaiu , eae e i?aaeuaeouea
?aaiou .
A ni?ieiauo aiaeao o Oiiaiaaoy?a iiyaeythony i?eaa?aeaioeu . Nia/aea
ianeieueei th?enoia caeioa?aniaaeenue aai i?iecaaaeaieyie ( Aaeea? ,
oii Aeinn e ae?. ) e ia/aee aai i?iiaaaiaee?iaaoue . Caoai ii iaoae
ianoiyuaai “aiinoiea e oaioeona” a eeoea O?aoyiooaaeoa . Yoio
eiaeee , oneoaeeeaue , naaaeouee e o?oaeiethaeaue iieeiiiee ieacae
iaiaeoth oneoao Oiiaiaaoy?o ?aaiinoiie iiioey?ecaoeeae o?oaeia naiaai
iao?iia . A aeaeueiaeoai eo iooe ec-ca aeaniioecia Oiiaiaaoy?a
?acioeenue . A 1844 aiaeo Oiiaiaaoy? auionoee a naao aeiiieieoaeueiue
oii e naiaio aeaaiiio i?iecaaaeaieth e i?eiyeny ca iineaaeiee o?oae
“Ia?a?ae e Ia?aeeiiiaiu” – aeaa oiia noaoae , aeiiieiythueo e
?acuyniythueo aai nenoaio , eioi?ua iiyaeeenue a 1851 aiaeo .
?aaiethoeee 1848 e 1849 aiaeia aucaaee a iai oieueei iaaiaeiaaiea e
ioa?auaiea . Iineaaeiyy eieaa Oiiaiaaoy?a iiaeioea e iano?iaieth
ia/aea iyoeaeanyouo aiaeia . Iniaaiiue oniao eiaee noaouee ia
oieaa?neoaoao e aeooiaeaeaiee , eioi?ia eae ?ac a yoi a?aiy aoiaeeei a
iiaeo . N yoiai a?aiaie e aei nia?oe Oiiaiaaoy?a aai neaa eaeao ii
ia?anoathuae – aai ia?aaiaeyo , i iai /eoatho ioaee/iua eaeoeee ,
ia/eiatho eceaaaoue aai o/aiea a oieaa?neoaoneeo eo?nao . O iaai
iiyaeythony iiaua i?eaa?aeaioeu Aoa? e Eeiaeia? , ai O?aieoo?o
i?aaei?eieiathony e iaio iieiiie/anoaa , eae e ae?aoeo iiaie ?aeeaee
, ciaiaieoua ienaoaee iinauatho aai , aio oeaeotho ?oee , ieooo
ainoi?aeaiiua ienueia e o.ae. A “Senilia” ii aiai?eo : “ Aa/a?iyy
ca?y iiae aeecie aoaeao oo?aiiae ca?ae iiae neaau , e y aiai?th
neiaaie Oaenie?a : “ aeia?iai oo?a , ainiiaea , oooeoa oaeaeu , oeuiue
iaaaa aieeia ieii/eeny , acaeyieoa ia e?ioeee aeaiue . Ii
i?aaeoanoaoao eieanieoea Oaaa e eniau?yao aua na?ue ainoie oaiiuie
iaeaeaie”.
A?oo? Oiiaiaaoy? oia? a ?annaaoa a?iieie neaau 21 naioya?y 1861
aiaea .
O?oae aeecie . Iniiaiua iiiyoey .
I?enooiay e eco/aieth oeeinioneie nenoaiu Oiiaiaaoy?a , iaiaoiaeeii
i?eiyoue ai aieiaiea oa oneiaey , eioi?ua iaeiaeeee iniaue ioia/aoie
ia oiae aai iuneae . Aeaaiuie iniaaiiinoyie yoie nenoaiu yaeythony
ianneieci , eaeaaeeci , ynoaoe/aneee ienoeoeeci e yoeea nino?aaeaiey
, aneacu nieaaeaiiua a iiienoe/aneee aiethioa?eci .
Ianneieci : iiiai nii?ia n?aaee eiiiaioaoi?ia Oiiaiaaoy?a aucuaaei
ianiioaaonoaea iaaeaeo aacauoiaeiui ianneieciii e i?iiiaaaeueth
aneacu e nino?aaeaiey a oai?ee oeeinioa e oaeeaeoaeueiie
aeaaeiinoueth e ianeaaeaeaieyi aeecie , ooii/aiiui yieeo?aeciii ,
oai oiaieai eiaei ono?aeaaoue aeaea , eioi?ia a?inaaony a aeaca
i?e ciaeiinoaa n aai aeia?aoeae . Iaeie , eae O?aoyiooaaeo ,
oniao?eaatho a ee/iinoe oeeinioa enoeiiue o?aaeci , ae?oaea , eae
Eoii Oeoa? , iieaaatho , /oi Oiiaiaaoy? “?anniao?eaae o?aaaaeeth
ie?iaiai ian/anoey a aeiieeue ec aanueia oaeiaiiai e?anea , a
caoai ooiaeee aeiiie n neeueiui aia/aoeaieai , ii a oi aea a?aiy
aiieia oaeiaeaoai?aiiue”. Naiith iniiaiith i?e/eiith ianneiecia
Oiiaiaaoy?a yaeyaony ia aieaciaiiay iaeaioieey , ia aiaoiea
oaea?u noaeueau , a a?iaeaeaiiay aaaeiinoue aeueo?oenoe/aneeo
/oanoa . Ec ieo aiineaaenoaee ii i?eoiaeeo e yoeea nino?aaeaiey .
Ianneieci Oiiaiaaoy?a ioiineony e aai eaeaaeecio , eae i?e/eia e
neaaenoaeth . Iu neeiiu n/eoaoue /oi oeaiii aeey ian e , iaiai?io , /oi
ia eiaao aeey ian ieeaeie iieiaeeoaeueiie oeaiu , ii yaeyaony
enoi/ieeii aaee/aeoeo no?aaeaiee ( a oaeia /oanoaaiiue ie? ii
Oiiaiaaoy?o ) , oi iu aeaeaee au n/eoaoue eeethceae , ia ianoiyuae
, ii eeoue eaaeouaeny aeaenoaeoaeueiinoueth .Anee Oiiaiaaoy?, eae
ianneieno , ia inoaeny /oaeae aeeyiey eiaeeeneie oeeinioee , a eae
eaeaaeeno — aeeyiey “aiaeanoaaiiiai Ieaoiia e ecoieoaeueiiai
Eaioa” , oi yoe aeeyiey auee eeoue aicaeaenoaeyie ia
aeaaiaeaoioth ii/ao , Yoi yanoaoao ec thiioaneeo ?aciuoeaiee
Oiiaiaaoy?a i ana?ac?ooathuai oa?aeoa?a a?aiaie . O/aiea ia
eaeaaeueiinoe a?aiaie oanii naycaii n o/aieai ia eaeaaeueiinoe anaai
a?aiaiiiai anaai ie?a . Iiyoiio anaai anoanoaaiiaa i?aaeiieiaeeoue
oaeoth oeaiue iioeaia a oai?/anoaa Oiiaiaaoy?a : aeaoaeo
aeueo?oenoe/aneeo /oanoa e a?iaeaeaiiay iaeaioieey – ianneieci – iuneue
ia eaeaaeueiinoe a?aiaiiiai – aeiaiaoe/aneee eaeaaeeci . *oi
Oiiaiaaoy? aeieaeai aue i?eeoe e naiiio ?aaeeeaeueiiio aeiaiaoe/aneiio
eaeaaeecio , io?eoeathuaio ia oieueei o?ainoeaiaeaioioth ?aaeueiinoue
iaoa?ee , ii e Aiaa , e aeooia , e o.i. , yoi yanoaoao ec oiai , /oi
a i?ioeaiii neo/aa aeey aai ianneiecia aue au auoiae , ii ii ia
aeaeae yoiai auoiaea . Iiyoiio e?eoe/aneee eaeaaeeci ia
oaeiaeaoai?yao aai ie naiae oai?aoe/aneie , ie i?aeoe/aneie
noi?iiaie .
Ynoaoe/aneee ienoeoeeci . Anee ie? anoue “a?aia , onayiiay
iueathueie oaieueyie” , eioi?oth iai iaaeeaaeeo i?ieoe , anee
i?aaaeeaaeoei aai ecia?aaeaieai neoaeeo aeaioianeee aae , oi
i?e/eiith yoiio neoaeeo , eae iu oaeaeei , oi , /oi “aiey e
aeecie” iai?anoaiii ii?iaeaeaao a ian iainouanoaeiua aeaeaiey ;
yaeyynue aeoeaiuie o/anoieeaie aeecie , iu noaiiaeiny io/aieeaie ;
aaeeinoaaiiui iacenii a ionouia aeecie neoaeeo ynoaoe/aneia
nica?oeaiea : iii aianoace?oao , i?eooieyao ia a?aiy aiaoouea ian
aieaaua eiioeuenu , iu , iia?oaeaynue a iaai , eae au
inaiaiaeaeaainy io y?ia aiaooueo ian no?anoae e i?ic?aaaai a
nie?iaaiioth nouiinoue yaeaiee . I?ic?aiea yoi eiooeoeaiia
e??aoeeiiaeueiia ( naa?o?acoiiia ) , o.a. ienoe/aneia , ii iii
iaoiaeeo naaa au?aaeaiea e niiauaaony ae?oaei ethaeyi a oi?ia
a?oenoe/aneie ooaeiaeanoaaiiie eiioeaioeee ie?a , eioi?oth aeaao
aaiee . A yoii niunea Oiiaiaaoy? , i?eciaaay oeaiiinoue ca
iao/iie aeieacaiiinoueth a noa?a oai?ee iiciaiey , a oi aea a?aiy
aeaeeo a ynoaoe/aneie eiooeoeee aaiey aunooth oi?io oeeinioneiai
oai?/anoaa : “Oeeinioey – yoi ooaeiaeanoaaiiia i?iecaaaeaiea ec
iiiyoee”. Oeeinioeth oae aeieai iai?anii eneaee iioiio , /oi “aa eneaee
ia aei?iaa iaoee , aianoi oiai , /oiau eneaoue aa ia aei?iaa
eneonnoaa”. Oaeia cia/aiea , i?eaeaaaaiia Oiiaiaaoy?ii ynoaoe/aneie
eiooeoeee e oai?/anoao aaiey , iauyniyaony : ai-ia?auo , aunieei
ooaeiaeanoaaiiui aea?iaaieai Oiiaiaaoy?a au?aaeaoue naie iunee n
ooaeiaeanoaaiiie y?einoueth , iaaeyaeiinoueth e ecyuanoaii ,
ai-aoi?uo , oai ,/oi Oiiaiaaoy? a oio ia?eiae e a oie n?aaea ,
eiaaea oea?ee “eoeueo aaiey” e eneonnoao i?eaeaaaee cia/aiea eeth/a e
oaeiai iaoaoeceee . Ia neaaeoao ie i?aoaaee/eaaoue ie i?aoiaiueoaoue
?ieue ynoaoe/aneiai e??aoeeiiaeecia a nenoaia Oiiaiaaoy?a .
*oi yoeea Oiiaiaaoy?a anoue yoeea nino?aaeaiey , a ia yoeea aeieaa ,
ia yoeea n/anoey , ia yoeea iieuecu , ia yaiethoeeiiiay
i?ia?anneaiay yoeea e o.ae. – yoi , i/aaeaeii , iiyoue-oaee
?acoeueoao aai ianneiecia , Yoeea aeieaa o?aaoao aa?u a niune
aeecie . Yoeea n/anoey , oioy au a oi?ia yoeee yaiecia ,
aanniuneaiia , eai naii n/anoea – eeethcey ; iii naiaeeony e
i?inoiio ionoonoaeth no?aaeaiey ; yoeea iieuecu e yoeea
i?ia?anneaiay i?aaeiieaaatho yoeeo n/anoey , a oae eae n/anoea
aaniethoii iaaeinoeaeeii , oi e yoe oi?iu ii?aee ia iiaoo eiaoue
ianoa . AEeay a yiioo iieeoe/aneie ?aaeoeee e ia aa?y a
iieeoe/aneee e aiiaua nioeeaeueiue i?ia?ann ii ?aciui iniiaaieyi
, Oiiaiaaoy? aeieaeai aue inoaiiaeoueny ia aaeeinoaaiiie oi?ia
yoeee – yoeea nino?aaeaiey , eai iia naiaeeony ia e oaaee/aieth
ia?aaeueiiai aeaaa , a e iaithaeiiio ineaaeaieth aiieia ?aaeueiuo
no?aaeaiee e , neaaeiaaoaeueii , eae e ynoaoe/aneia nica?oeaiea ,
niaianoeia n ianneieciii .
Ii/aio iaoaoeceea Oiiaiaaoy?a i?eiyea oi?io iiienoe/aneiai
aiethioa?ecia ? Oi anoue ii/aio Oiiaiaaoy? i?eciae eiaiii aieth
nie?iaaiiie nouiinoueth aauae e ii/aio anyeay iiiaeanoaaiiinoue
eiaeeaeaeoaeueiinoae ( iiiaeanoaaiiinoue aauae e niciaiee )
i?aaenoaaeyaony aio eeoue aeaeeiui ioia?aaeaieai aaeeiie ie?iaie
aiee ? ioaao ia ia?aue aii?in iiaeii iieo/eoue ec niiinoaaeaiey
ee/iinoe Oiiaiaaoy?a n aai iaoaoece/aneei i?eioeeiii . Aeenaa?iiiey
a aieaaie aeayoaeueiinoe , io/eoaeueiue ?aceaae iaaeaeo aeaaeaeie
aeecie e a oi aea a?aiy iieiith iaoaeiaeaoai?aiiinoueth aa
niaea?aeaieai , – aio /oi auei enoi/ieeii ee/iie o?aaaaeee
Oiiaiaaoy?a . *oi aea eanaaony aoi?iai aii?ina i iiiecia
Oiiaiaaoy?a , oi yoa /a?oa aai nenoaiu i?aaenoaaeyao eiae/anee
iaiaoiaeeiia neaaenoaea aai ?aaeeeaeueiiai eaeaaeecia . Ai?i/ai
Oiiaiaaoy? aaiaeeo a iiiyoea aaeeiie aiee iiiaeanoaaiiinoue
iioaioeee eee Eaeae , a /anoiinoe iiiaeanoaaiiinoue “oiiiinoeaaaiuo
oa?aeoa?ia” , ?aaiuo ii /eneo iiiaeanoaaiiinoe /aeiaa/aneeo
niciaiee .
Oai?ey iiciaiey Oiiaiaaoy?a . Oiiaiaaoy? aiaeece?oao “ caeii
aeinoaoi/iiai iniiaaiey ” , aaea iiyaeyaony iayniinoue a niaoaiee
eiae/aneiai iniiaaiey e oaeoe/aneie i?e/eiu . *oiau ono?aieoue yoe
iayniinoe , iaaei i?aaeaea anaai oeacaoue ia oo ei?aiioth
iniaaiiinoue iaoaai niciaiey , eioi?ith ii?aaeaeythony aeaaiua
?aciiaeaeiinoe caeiia aeinoaoi/iiai iniiaaiey . Yoi naienoai
niciaiey , ia?acothuaa “ei?aiue caeiia aeinoaoi/iiai iniiaaiey ” ,
anoue iaioaeaeeiinoue noauaeoa io iauaeoa e iauaeoa io noauaeoa
: “Ana iaoe i?aaenoaaeaiey nooue iauaeou noauaeoa e ana iauaeou
noauaeoa nooue iaoe i?aaenoaaeaiey . Ionthaea auoaeaao /oi ana
iaoe i?aaenoaaeaiey iaoiaeyony iaaeaeo niaith a caeiiiia?iie nayce
, eioi?oth iiaeii ii?aaeaeeoue a priori a oii , /oi eanaaony oi?iu
; a neeo yoie nayce ie/oi eciee?iaaiiia e iacaaeneiia , iaeeiiei
, iniaiyeii noiyuaa ia iiaeao noaoue iaoei iauaeoii” . Ec ei?iy
?acaaoaeythony /aou?a aeaea caeiia aeinoaoi/iiai iniiaaiey .
Caeii aeinoaoi/iiai iniiaaiey “auaaiey”.
Caeii aeinoaoi/iiai iniiaaiey iiciaiey .
Caeii aeinoaoi/iiai iniiaaiey auoey .
*aoaa?oue aeae caeiia aeinoaoi/iiai iniiaaiey anoue caeii iioeaaoeee
.
Iaoaoeceea Oiiaiaaoy?a . E oieueei /oi eceiaeaiiiio o/aieth Oiiaiaaoy?a
i?eiueaao aai iaoaoece/aneia aicc?aiea ia aieth eae nouiinoue
auoey . A 1813 aiaeo , eiaaea Oiiaiaaoy? caeai/eaae naith ia?aoth
?aaioo , aai ioiioaiea e “ aaue a naaa” aiiaua auei naea?aeaiiui :
ii aiai?eo i “ iiaeic?eoaeueiii” iiiyoee “aaue a naaa” e oeacuaaao
ia aai i?ioeai?a/eaue oa?aeoa? . A eieaa “Ie? eae aiey e
i?aaenoaaeaiea” ieacuaaaony , /oi yoiio iiiyoeth niioaaonoaoao
iaeioi?ia iieiaeeoaeueiia niaea?aeaiea , Ii , i?eciaaoe i?e/eiiinoue
noauaeoeaiie ooieoeeae eioaeeaeoa , iaaiciiaeii aac i?ioeai?a/ey
naiiio naaa i?eciaoue iiciaaaaiinoue aaue a naaa , eai a oaeii
neo/aa i?eoeinue au aeiionoeoue i?e/eiiia aicaeaenoaea aa ia
iiciathuee noauaeo , o.a. ia?aianoe caeii i?e/eiiinoe ca i?aaeaeu
niciaiey . Oiiaiaaoy? , iaeiaei , iieaaaao , /oi ii ecaaa oi?aea a
naie aae?an , eai , ii aai iiaieth , iu iinoeaaai nouanoaiaaiea e
i?e?iaeo aaue a naaa aeiaenoe/aneei , eiooeoeaiui , iaiin?aaenoaaiiui ,
ienoe/aneei iooai . Aeey iaoaai eioaeeaeoa aeai eeoue
ie?-i?aaenoaaeaiea , ii iaiin?aaenoaaiiia /oanoai , nii?iaiaeaeathuaa
“iayniia ?aca?aie/aiea noauaeoa e iauaeoa” , aioo?aiiei iooai
aaiaeeo ian a nouiinoue anyeiai auoey , a aieth . Iaoa oaei ciaeiieo
ian e n oece/aneeie , e n ineoe/aneeie ia?aiaiaie : a aeaeaeaieyo
aai iai ia?aaeei aeaia i?e/eiiinoue a oi?ia e auaaiey , e
iioeaaoeee . Aio ooo-oi a aeoao , niaa?oaaiuo iaie iaeiia?aiaiii ii
iaoaie/aneie i?e/eiiinoe e ii iioeaai aii iaiin?aaenoaaiii
noaiiaeony i/aaeaeiui , /oi iauei ei?iai e oece/aneiai , e
ineoe/aneiai yaeyaony ie?iaay aiey . I/aaeaeiinoue yoa anoue
naiii/aaeaeiinoue – iia ia ioaeaeaaony a eiae/aneii iainiiaaiee , oai
ia iaiaa aan/eneaiiia iiiaeanoai oaeoia , any no?oeoo?a
ie?a-i?aaenoaaeaiey oaaaeeoaeueii aiai?eo iaoaio /oanoao , /oi yoi oae
. Eaeeie aea /a?oaie oa?aeoa?ecoaony ie?iaay aiey ?
Iia aeiaenoe/ia : ae /oaeaeu iaoe caeiiu aeinoaoi/iiai iniiaaiey :
i?ino?ainoai , a?aiy , i?e/eiiinoue e iiae/eiaiiinoue caeiiai iunee . Aa
iacaaeneiinoue io caeiiia iunee aeaeaao iiiyoiui , ii/aio
i?ioeai?a/eainoue yoiai iiiyoey ( aiee –aaue a naaa )ia aeieaeia ian
niouaoue .
Iia aanniciaoaeueia : ?ac niciaiea anoue oneiaea nouanoaiaaiey
ie?a-i?aaenoaaeaiey , aiey , eae iioonoi?iiiyy nouiinoue ie?a ,
aeieaeia auoue /ai-oi eaaeauei aia oneiaee niciaiey , /ai-oi
aanniciaoaeueiui .
Iia aaeeia : ?ac i?eioeeiu eiaeeaeaeoaeueiinoe ( i?ino?ainoai e a?aiy )
iai?eeiaeeiu e nouiinoe yaeaiee , iineaaeiyy aeieaeia auoue aaeeiie .
E iae , no?iai aiai?y , iai?eeiaeeiu e iiiyoey e aeooiaiiai , e
iaoa?eaeueiiai – iia i?aaenoaaeyao ia/oi aicauoathuaany iaae yoeie
i?ioeaiiieiaeiinoyie , ia iiaeaeathueeny eiae/anee oi/iiio
ii?aaeaeaieth a iaeanoe iiiyoee : neaiie noeoeeiue iiaoae , aeaeaeaiea
e a oi aea a?aiy no?aieaiea e aeecie , e auoeth a eiaeeaeaeoaeueiuo
/oanoaaiiuo oi?iao .
Oeoaie/aneay ai?ueaa nee a iai?aaie/aneie i?e?iaea , aa/iia
ca?iaeaeaiea iiaie aeecie , aeaaeiia , iai?a?uaiia ,
aacia?ii-eciaeeueiia a i?e?iaea ( aeaaeue aan/eneaiiiai iiiaeanoaa
ca?iaeuoae ) – ana yoi naeaeaoaeuenoaoao i iai?anoaiiii ?aniaaeaiee ee
aiieiuaiee aaeeiie aiee a iiiaeanoaa eiaeeaeaeoaeueiinoae . Oioy
ie?iaay aiey aaeeia , ii ie?a-i?aaenoaaeaiee aa aiieiuaiey ia?acotho
?aae nooiaiae iauaeoeaaoeee . Iecoae nooiaiueth iauaeoeaaoeee yaeyaony
einoiay iaoa?ey : oyaeanoue , oie/ie , aeaeaeaiea e o.ae.
i?aaenoaaeytho aiaeia aea/aieyi – a iniiaa eo , eae aioo?aiiaa yae?i
oae iacuaaaiuo iaoa?eaeueiuo yaeaiee , eaaeeo aiey , aaeeiay nouiinoue
ie?a . I?aaie/aneea oi?iu ?anoeoaeueiua e aeeaioiua aicieeee ec iecoeo
aeaeia iaoa?ee , ii eo i?ienoiaeaeaiea ia naiaeeii e oeceei-oeie/aneei
i?ioeannai : any i?e?iaea ia?acoao onoie/eaoth ea?a?oeth nouiinoae ;
yoei nooiaiyi aiieiuaiey aiee niioaaonoaoao ie? iaiiaeaeaeiuo ia?acoeia
aeey aiieiuaiey aiee , ie? Eaeae a ieaoiiianeii niunea neiaa . Yoio
ie? Eaeae yaeyaony eae au o?aoueath i?iiaaeooi/iie iaeanoueth iaaeaeo
aaeeiith ie?iaith aieath e ie?ii-i?aaenoaaeaieai . Oiiaiaaoy? aue
o?ainoi?ienoii , o.a. i?aaeiieaaae i?ienoiaeaeaiea aunoeo aeeaioiuo oi?i
ec iecoeo , a iineaaeieo ec einoiie iaoa?ee . Niciaiea iiyaeeinue a ie?a
oieueei n iiyaeaieai aeeaioiuo , Aai iao o ieia?aeia , o ?anoaiee anoue
eeoue eaace-niciaiea , eeoaiiia iiciaiey. Eae iauynieoue nouanoaiaaiea
aeiniciaoaeueiiai auoey ? Oiiaiaaoy? aeaao neaaeothuee ioaao :
“I?aaeoanoaiaaaoea anyeie aeecie ia caiea aaieiae/aneea ia?aai?iou ia
nouanoaiaaee ie a /ueai niciaiee , ie a nianoaaiiii , eioi?iai o ieo iao
, ie a /oaeii , eai aai oiaaea ia auei”. Oae aea ii ai?eo : “Iii (
iauaeoeaiia nouanoaiaaiea ) a nouiinoe aeiioaoe/ii, o.a. anee au a oi
ia?aieneiiiia a?aiy nouanoaiaaei niciaiea , oi a iai ecia?aaeaeenue au
oaeea i?ioeannu. E yoiio i?eaiaeeo eacoaeueiue ?aa?ann yaeaiee ,
neaaeiaaoaeueii a aaue a naaa caeeth/aeanue iaiaoiaeeiinoue
ecia?aaeaoueny a oaeeo i?ioeannao”.Cia/eo , any yaiethoeey
aeiniciaoaeueiiai ie?a iaeaaeaao yiie?e/aneie ?aaeueiinoue. A
/aeiaa/aneeo eiaeeaeaeooiao aiey iaoiaeeo naaa ieii/aoaeueiia e iieiia
aiieiuaiea :ia /aeiaa/anoao , eae ?iaeo , ii eaaeaeiio /aeiaaeo
niioaaonoaoao iniaay eaeay eee iioaioeey a ie?iaie aiea ;
neaaeiaaoaeueii a /aeiaaea aiey eiaeeaeaeoaeece?oaony ai
iiiaeanoaaiiinoe aaeeie/iuo “oiiiinoeaaaiuo oa?aeoa?ia”. Naiia ia?ae/iia
, eneiiiia , ei?aiiia a /aeiaaea – oi , /ai oa?aeoa?ecoaony aai
nouiinoue, yoi – aiey ( /oanoaiaaiey e no?anoe Oiiaiaaoy? aeeth/aao a
iiiyoea aiee , a i?ioeaiiieiaeiinoue iiciaaaoaeueiui i?ioeannai ).
Eioaeeaeo – ae?oaay iniiaiay ineoe/aneay niiniaiinoue – ea?aao ii
ioiioaieth e aiea neoaeaaioth ?ieue . Iaie iinoiyiii ?oeiaiaeeo aiey –
iia any/anee aeeyao ia eioaeeaeo , eiaaea ii ?anoiaeeony n aa
no?aieaieyie . Ainiiaenoai aiee iaae eioaeeaeoii e aa aa/iay
iaoaeiaeaoai?aiiinoue yaeythony enoi/ieeii oiai , /oi aeeciue /aeiaaea
anoue iai?a?uaiue ?yae no?aaeaiee . Aaaeiaeoea aai aeiaiaeu naiaeyony e
oeacaieth ia iai?i/iinoue , ieiieaoiinoue ianeaaeaeaiee e ia eo
eeethci?iue oa?aeoa? .Eae oieueei aeaeaiea aeinoeaiooi iaie , niiaa
aicieeaao iaoaeiaeaoai?aiiinoue , e iu aa/ii ia?aoiaeei io no?aaeaiey e
neoea e ia?aoii /a?ac e?aoeia?aiaiiua i?iiaaeooee iaiieiiai
oaeiaeaoai?aiey . E yoiio neaaeoao aeiaaaeoue anth oo ianno cea ,
eioi?oth aiineo a ie? ian/anoiue neo/ae , /aeiaa/aneea yaieci ,
aeoiinoue e ceiaa . Aaeeinoaaiiuie iacenaie a caiiii nouanoaiaaiee
neoaeao oeeinioey iaoea e eneonnoai a oae aea nino?aaeaiea ae?oaei
aeeaui nouanoaai . Oiiaiaaoy? a cia/eoaeueiie noaiaie niya/aao naie
ianneieci oeacaieai ia ii?aeueiia cia/aiea ie?a . Ii Oiiaiaaoy?o ,
?aniaaeaiea aiee ia iiiaeanoaaiiinoue eiaeeaeaeoaeueiuo nouanoaiaaiee –
ooaa?aeaeaiea aiee e aeecie anoue aeia , e eneoieaiea aa aeieaeii
caeeth/aoueny a ia?aoiii i?ioeanna – a io?eoeaiee aiee e aeecie . A
nayce n yoei o Oiiaiaaoy?a naiaia?aciia aicc?aiea ia iieiaoth ethaiaue .
A yoii yaeaiee i?ineaaeeaaaony iaoaoece/aneay iniiaa aeecie Ethaiaue
anoue iaoaea?aeeiue einoeieo , iiao/aa noeoeeiia aea/aiea e
i?iaeieaeaieth ?iaea . Aethaeaiiue ia eiaao naaa ?aaiiai ii aacoieth a
eaeaaeecaoeee ethaeiiai nouanoaa , a iaaeaeo oai ana yoi “aiaiiay
oeo?inoue” aaiey ?iaea , a ?oeao eioi?iai ethayuee yaeyaony neaiui
i?oaeeai , ea?ooeith . Oaeie acaeyae ia ethaiaue iaaeaeo iieaie aeaeaao
aeaiueio aeaaiie aeiiaieoeae cea a ie?a , eai /a?ac iaa i?ienoiaeeo
iinoiyiiia iiaia e iiaia ooaa?aeaeaiea aiee e aeecie . “ Oceiiea/ee ,
oe?ieiaaae?ue , iecei?ineue iie” eeoai anyeie enoeiiie i?eaeiaeueiinoe
aeooa , aeaiueiu ia nicaeaee ie/aai enoeiii aaeeeiai , iie eaaeiiuneaiiu
e aaci?aanoaaiiu . Aeaaiaea?y eo iioianoao e no?aieaieth e ?ineioe ,
i?ienoiaeeo 9/10 yeiiiie/aneeo aaaenoaee /aeiaa/anoaa. A eiioea
eiioeia Oiiaiaaoy? niia neacaoue aianoa n Ioeauoaaneei , /oi aeaiueia –
yoi oa aa?aaea , ia eioi?ie /a?oe oauao aeooe a?aoieeia a aae . Eoae ,
iiaeoaa?aeaeaiea aiee e aeecie aaaeao /aeiaa/anoai eeoue e aaaenoaeyi ,
e oieueei ia?aoiue i?ioeann io?eoeaiey aiee e aeecie aaaeao e
iaeaa/aieth . E?iia oeeinioneiai iiciaiey , anoue o?e noi?iiu a aeecie
/aeiaaea , niya/athuea oyainoiinoue nouanoaiaaiey e niaeaenoaothuea
iaeaa/aieth aeaaiaeaoiiai i?ioeanna eneoieaiey ,- yoi ynoaoe/aneia
nica?oeaiea , ii?aeue nino?aaeaiey e aneaoe/aneee “eaeaoea aiee”.
Ynoaoeea Oiiaiaaoy?a . N ?aiiaai aeaonoaa Oiiaiaaoy? , eiay
aiciiaeiinoue iooaoanoaiaaoue , iia ?acaeaaoue naie ynoaoe/aneee aeon ,
a /oanoai e?aniou i?iaoaeeeinue a iai n iniaaiiie neeie i?e ciaeiinoaa
n eeanne/aneei ie?ii .Nouiinoue eneonnoaa naiaeeony e ianeaaeaeaieth
aacaieueiui nica?oeaieai aa/ii niaa?oaiiuo A?oaoeiia-Eaeae e ie?iaie
aiee – eaeae , iineieueeo iineaaeiea iaoiaeyo naaa au?aaeaiea a ia?acao
/oanoaaiiie e?aniou. Naiua eaeae aiaa?aiaiiu e aiai?ino?ainoaaiiu , ii
eneonnoai , i?iaoaeaeay a ian /oanoai e?aniou a i?ae?aniuo ia?acao ,
aeaao iai aiciiaeiinoue i?ic?aaaoue naa?o?acoiiui ienoe/aneei iooai
nie?iaaiioth nouiinoue ie?a . Ioaeaeueiua eneonnoaa e eo ?iaeu
niioaaonoaotho i?aeiouanoaaiii ioia?aaeaieth ii?aaeaeaiiie nooiaie
iauaeoeaaoeee ie?iaie aiee . Auniei oeaiy o?aae/aneia a eneonnoaa ,
Oiiaiaaoy? ioaiaeeo iaaeeaaeauaa ianoi e eiie/aneiio , i?aaeeaaay
iniaoth oai?eth niaoiiai . A naiae ynoaoeea Oiiaiaaoy? ia?aie/eaaaony
i?aeiouanoaaiii oeacaieai iaoaoece/aneiai niaea?aeaiey eneonnoaa ,
n?aaieoaeueii iaiueoa ii inoaiaaeeaaaony ia oi?iaeueiuo oneiaeyo e?aniou
.
Yoeea Oiiaiaaoy?a . E?iia ooaeiaeanoaaiiiai i?ic?aiey a nouiinoue ie?a
, anoue aua ae?oaie iooue e inaiaiaeaeaieth naay io no?aaeaiee , yoi –
oaeoaeaiea a ii?aeueiue niune auoey . Ii?aeueioth i?iaeaio Oiiaiaaoy?
oanii naycuaaao n aii?inii i naiaiaea aiee . Aiey aaeeia , ii , eae
neacaii , iia aeeth/aao a naay ienoe/aneei ia?acii iiiaeanoaaiiinoue
iioaioeee iauaeoeaaoeee a aeaea Eaeae e iaeioi?oth iiiaeanoaaiiinoue
“oiiiinoeaaaiuo oa?aeoa?ia” , /eneaiii ?aaioth /eneo /aeiaa/aneeo
eiaeeaeaeooiia a iiuoa . Oa?aeoa? eaaeaeiai /aeiaaea a iiuoa no?iai
iiae/eiai caeiiai aeinoaoi/iiai iniiaaiey , no?iai aeaoa?ieie?iaai .
Aio naienoaaiiu neaaeothuea /a?ou :
ii i?e?iaeaeai , iu iiyaeyainy ia naao , ianeaaeoy no?iai ii?aaeaeaiiue
oa?aeoa? io iooea e oinoaaiiua niiniaiinoe io iaoa?e .
ii yiie?e/ai , o.a. ii ia?a iaoaai ?acaeoey iu iinoaiaiii ociaai aai e
eiiaaea i?ioea nianoaaiiiai iaeeaeaiey ioe?uaaai a naaa ecaanoiua
i?enouea iai /a?ou oa?aeoa?a .
ii iinoiyiai . A naieo nouanoaaiiuo /a?oao oa?aeoa? iaeciaiii
nii?iaiaeaeaao /aeiaaea io eieuaaee aei iiaeeu .
Iiyoiio i?aanoaaiiia ainieoaiea , n oi/ee c?aiey Oiiaiaaoy?a ,
iaaiciiaeii. Aiey /aeiaaea , eae yiie?e/aneie ee/iinoe , no?iai
aeaoa?ieie?iaaia . Ii oa noi?iia aiee , eioi?ay e?iaony a
“oiiiinoeaaaiii oa?aeoa?a” /aeiaaea e i?aiaaeeaaeeo aiea eae aaue a naaa
, aiai?e/eiia e naiaiaeia . Oiiaiaaoy? ieoao : “Naiaiaea – yoi oaeay
iuneue , eioi?ay , oioy , iu aa e auneacuaaai e ioaiaeei ae ecaanoiia
ianoi , ia naiii aeaea ia iiaeao auoue iaie io/aoeeai iuneeia .
Neaaeiaaoaeueii , o/aiea i naiaiaea ienoe/ii”.
*aeiaa/aneie aeayoaeueiinoueth ?oeiaiaeyo o?e aeaaiuo iioeaa : ceiaa,
yaieci e nino?aaeaiea , Ec ieo oieueei iineaaeiee anoue iioea
ii?aeueiue. I?eciaiea nino?aaeaiey aaeeinoaaiiui iioeaii ii?aeueiie
aeayoaeueiinoe Oiiaiaaoy? iainiiauaaao ineoieiae/anee e iaoaoece/anee .
?ac n/anouea – oeia?a , oi e yaieci , eae no?aieaiea e i?ec?a/iiio aeaao
ia iiaeao auoue ii?aeueiui aeaeaaoaeai. ?ac ie? eaaeeo ai cea e
/aeiaa/aneay aeeciue i?aeniieiaia no?aaeaiee , inoaaony eeoue
no?aieoueny e iaeaa/aieth yoeo no?aaeaiee iooai nino?aaeaiey . Ii e n
iaoaoece/aneie oi/ee c?aiey nino?aaeaiea anoue aaeeinoaaiiue ii?aeueiue
iioea iiaaaeaiey . A aeoa nino?aaeaiey iu ienoe/aneei ia?acii i?ic?aaaai
a aaeeioth nouiinoue ie?a , a iaeio aieth , eaaeauoth a iniiaa
i?ec?a/iie iiiaeanoaaiiinoe niciaiee . N oeacaieai ia nino?aaeaiea , eae
ia iooue e io?eoeaieth aiee e aeecie , Oiiaiaaoy? niaaeeiyao i?iiiaaaeue
aneacu. Aneaca , o.a. i?aiaa?aaeaiea anai , i?eaycuaathuei ian e
ieioneiio , caiiiio , i?eaiaeeo /aeiaaea e nayoinoe .
Cia/aiea oeeinioee Oiiaiaaoy?a .
Iii caeeth/aaony ia a oii aeeyiee , eioi?ia Oiiaiaaoy? ieacae ia
aeeaeaeoeo o/aieeia e iineaaeiaaoaeae naiaai o/aiey , eae
O?aoyiooaaeo , Aeaennai , Iaeieaiaea? , Aeeueaa?oe e ae?oaea . yoe
o/aieee auee eeoue iieaciuie eiiiaioaoi?aie o/aiey naiaai o/eoaey .
Ia?iiiia cia/aiea oeeinioee Oiiaiaaoy?a caeeth/aaony a aa aeeyiee
ia iauee oiae oeeinioneie iunee , ia ia?aciaaiea iiauo nenoai e
iai?aaeaiee . Iiaieaioeaionoai a ecaanoiie noaiaie iaycaii naiei
oniaoii oeeinioee Oiiaiaaoy?a : Eeaiai iaoiaeeony iiae aeeyieai
Eaioa a oiiaiaaoy?ianeii inaauaiee ( iniaaiii a aii?ina ia
ioiioaiee eiooeoeee e iiiyoeth ) . Aaeueiaieueoe oaeaea yaeyaony
eaioeaioeai a aeooa Oiiaiaaoy?a ( o/aiea i a?iaeaeaiiinoe caeiia
i?e/eiiinoe , oai?ee c?aiey ) , A. Eaiaa iiaeiaii Oiiaiaaoy?o ,
ni/aoaao a e iai?eie?aiiie oi?ia iaoa?eaeeci e eaeaaeeci . Ec
neeyiey oiiaiaaoy?ianeeo eaeae n ae?oaeie iuneyie ca?iaeeeenue
iiaua nenoaiu ; oae , aaaaeueyinoai , neiiaeie?iaaiiia n
oiiaiaaoy?ianeei o/aieai e ae?oaeie yeaiaioaie , ii?iaeeei
“Oeeinioeth aanniciaoaeueiiai” Aa?oiaia , aea?aeieci e
oiiaiaaoy?ianeea eaeae aioee a ninoaa oeeinioee Ieoeoa , o/aiea
i”oeaiiinoe aeecie” Aeth?eiaa au?inei ii eiio?anoo ec
oiiaiaaoy?ianeiai ianneiecia . Einaaiiui ia?acii iaaayiu
Oiiaiaaoy?ianeei o/aieai i ianeaaenoaaiiinoe enneaaeiaaiey ii
yoiio aii?ino ?eai , o/aiea Eiia?ici i “ i?e?iaeaeaiiii
i?anooiieea” e nainaoeeiiiue iaioeao i “ au?iaeaeaiee ” Ii?aeao .
Aeeyiea Oiiaiaaoy?a ia Aeaaeeie?a Nieiaueaaa ( ii?aeue a “ E?eoeea
ioaea/aiiuo ia/ae ” ) e Eueaa Oienoiai oaeaea ianiiiaiii.
Nienie eeoa?aoo?u.
A?oo? Oiiaiaaoy?, Ie? eae aiey e i?aaenoaaeaiea.
A?oo? Oiiaiaaoy?, Aoi?eciu aeeoaeneie ioae?inoe.
Oeeinioneee neiaa?ue.
E. Eaioei Oiiaiaaoy? .
PAGE 17
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