Aeaeii Iaeia?ae Eaein: oai?ey yooaeoeaiiai ni?ina.
1. Aaaaeaiea. Ia?aai?io a yeiiiie/aneie oai?ee.
Aeae. I. Eaein aue nuiii ecaanoiiai aiaeeeneiai yeiiiienoa. Ii iieo/ee
ia?aciaaiea a Eoiia e Eaia?eaeaea. Nia/aea aai eioa?aniaaee iaoaiaoeea e
oai?ey aa?iyoiinoae, ii a eiioea eiioeia ii ia?aeeth/eeny ia yeiiiieeo.
Eaein aue ia oieueei yeiiiienoii. Ii aue iaaa?iyoii aeoeaiui,
iiiainoi?iiiei /aeiaaeii, eioi?ue auiieiye ?aciiia?aciua ooieoeee. Ii
aue aeaaiui i?aaenoaaeoaeai A?eoaineiai eacia/aenoaa ia Ia?eaeneie
ie?iie eiioa?aioeee ai a?aiy ia?aie ie?iaie aieiu, caianoeoaeai
eaioeea?a eacia/aenoaa, /eaiii Niaaoa aee?aeoi?ia Aiaeeeneiai aaiea,
/eaiii iiia/eoaeueneiai niaaoa Iaoeeiiaeueiie aaea?ae, i?aaenaaeaoaeai
Niaaoa ii iiaeaea?aeea iocuee e eneonnoa, eacia/aai a Ei?ieaaneii
eieeaaeaea, ?aaeaeoi?ii Eaia?eaeaeneiai “Yeiiiie/aneiai aeo?iaea”,
aicaeaaeye aeo?iaeu “Iaeoi” e “”Iueth noaeoniai”, a oae aea
Iaoeeiiaeueiia iauanoai ii no?aoiaaieth aeecie, iino?iee
ooaeiaeanoaaiiue oaao? a Eaia?eaeaea.
E?iia oiai, Eaein iaoae a?aiy, /oiau iaaeeoue ee/iia aiaaonoai a
2 iei. aeieea?ia ea?ie ia oiiaeiaie e oiaa?iie ae?aea.
Ii naiia aaaeiia ninoieo a oii, /oi Eaein aue iiiainoi?iiiei o/aiui. A
naieo eieaao ii ?anniao?eaaao oaeie oe?ieee e?oa i?iaeai, eae i?iaeaiu
oai?ee aa?iyoiinoe, iiiaoa?iie yeiiiieee e iineaaenoaey ia?aie ie?iaie
aieiu. Iaeiaei aai “magnum opus” – yoi eieaa “Iauay oai?ey”, i eioi?ie
Aeaeii Eaiiao Ayea?aeo a naia a?aiy ienae, /oi “ iia aaniethoii ia
iiiyoia, ieioi iaienaia e i?aaeaeaa?aiaiii iioaeeeiaaia”. Oai ia iaiaa,
a “Iauae oai?ee” oaaaeeoaeueii e?eoeeoaony ooaa?aeaeaiea yeiiiienoia
eeanne/aneie oeieu i oii, /oi yeiiiie/aneee niaae iiaeao
naiienoeaeeoueny. Eaein ooaa?aeaeae, /oi a eaieoaeenoe/aneie nenoaia iao
aaoiiaoe/aneiai iaoaiecia, niiniaiiai i?eaanoe aa e iieiie caiyoinoe.
Yeiiiieea iiaeao aeieai inoaaaoueny a ninoiyiee aeai?annee e aaaeiinoe.
A naiii aeaea, ianniaay aac?aaioeoea ai a?aiy ioaaoeaoae aanue ie?
aeai?annee 30-o aiaeia yaeyaony aeinoaoi/iui yiie?e/aneei
aeieacaoaeuenoaii i?aaiou Eaeina. Aai iniiaiay ?aeiiaiaeaoeey
i?aaeoaeuenoao, ii?aceaoay anao a oi a?aiy, ninoiyea a oii, /oi iii
aeieaeii oaaee/eoue ?anoiaeu , /oiau noeioee?iaaoue i?iecaiaenoai e
aa?iooue aac?aaioiuo ia ?aai/ea ianoa.
A ianoiyuae ?aaioa iu iinoa?aainy inaaoeoue iniiaiua aii?inu
Eaeineaineie “oai?ee yooaeoeaiiai ni?ina”.
2. O?iaaiue caiyoinoe e niaieoiiue ni?in. Yooaeoeaiue ni?in.
Neeiiiinoue e iio?aaeaieth e naa?aaeaieth. Naa?aaeaiea e eiaanoeoeee.
Eaeineaineee “E?ano”.
Eeanne/aneay oai?ey caiyoinoe, n/eoaaoayny noieue i?inoie e yniie,
aace?iaaeanue ii ooaa?aeaeaieth Eaeina ia aeaoo iniiaiuo iinooeaoao,
i?aeoe/anee i?eieiaaoeony aac ianoaeaeaiey, a eiaiii:
1) Ca?aaioiay ieaoa ?aaia i?aaeaeueiiio i?iaeoeoo o?oaea.
Yoi icia/aao, /oi ca?aaioiay ieaoa caiyoiai eeoea ?aaia noieiinoe,
eioi?ay auea au iioa?yia, anee au caiyoinoue nieceeanue ia iaeio
aaeeieoeo (ca au/aoii ae?oaeo ecaea?aeae, eioi?ua ioiaee au aaeaeo yoiai
nie?auaiey i?iecaiaenoaa), n iaiai?eie, iaeiaei, /oi ?aaainoai yoi
iiaeao auoue ia?ooaii (a niioaaonoaee n iniauie i?eioeeiaie), anee
eiieo?aioeey e ?uiee yaeythony ianiaa?oaiiuie.
2) Iieaciinoue ca?aaioiie ieaou i?e aeaiiii eiee/anoaa caiyouo
?aaioieeia ?aaia i?aaeaeueiie oyainoe o?oaea i?e oie aea aaee/eia
caiyoinoe.
Ae?oaeie neiaaie, ?aaeueiay ca?aaioiay ieaoa eae ?ac aeinoaoi/ia (ii
ioeaiea naieo caiyouo) aeey oiai, /oiau aucaaoue i?aaeeiaeaiea
aeaenoaeoaeueii caiyoiai eiee/anoaa ?aai/ae neeu, n oie iaiai?eie, /oi
?aaainoai i?eiaieoaeueii e eaaeaeiio ioaeaeueiiio ?aaioieeo iiaeao auoue
ia?ooaii niaeaniaaiiuie aeaenoaeyie /eaiia niaieoiiie ?aai/ae neeu, /oi
aiaeiae/ii ianiaa?oaiiie eiieo?aioeee, eioi?ay ia?aie/eaaao aeaenoaea
ia?aiai iinooeaoa. Oyainoue caeanue neaaeoao iiieiaoue a oii niunea, /oi
iia aeeth/aao ethaoth i?e/eio, eioi?ay iiaeao iiaoaeeoue ioaeaeueiiai
/aeiaaea eee a?oiio ethaeae nei?aa aiana ia ?aaioaoue, /ai niaeaneoueny
ia ca?aaioioth ieaoo, iieaciinoue eioi?ie aeey ieo ieaea ecaanoiiai
ieieioia.
Yoio iinooeao niaianoei n oai, /oi iiaeii iacaaoue “o?eeoeeiiiie
aac?aaioeoeae”. ?aaeenoe/aneia iauyniaiea oaeie aac?aaioeoeu i?aaeeueii
o/eouaaao ianiaa?oainoai i?ioeanna i?eniiniaeaiey, i?aiyonoaothuaa
iieiie caiyoinoe. ?a/ue eaeao, iai?eia?, i aac?aaioeoea, ii?iaeaeaaiie
a?aiaiiui ia?ooaieai ?aaiiaaney a ioiineoaeueiuo iauaiao
niaoeeaeece?iaaiiuo ?ano?nia ec-ca i?in/aoia eee iai?aaeaeaeaiiuo
eciaiaiee a o?iaia ni?ina eee oai oaeoii, /oi ia?aoiae io iaeiiai aeaea
aeayoaeueiinoe e ae?oaiio ia iiaeao auoue inouanoaeai aac iaeioi?iai
ia?a?uaa, oae /oi a ianoaoe/aneii iauanoaa anaaaea aoaeao nouanoaiaaoue
ecaanoiay aaee/eia o?oaeiauo ?ano?nia, ia eniieuecoaiuo “iaaeaeo aeaoiy
?aaioaie”. Yoio iinooeao aeiioneaao, iiieii “o?eeoeeiiiie” aac?aaioeoeu,
nouanoaiaaiea e “aeia?iaieueiie” aac?aaioeoeu, aucaaiiie ioeacii
ioaeaeueiiai ?aaioieea niaeaneoueny ia aiciaa?aaeaeaiea,
niioaaonoaothuaa noieiinoe i?iecaiaeeiiai ei i?iaeoeoa n i?aaeaeueiie
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoueth.
Iacaaiiua aeaa iinooeaoa ii?aaeaeytho, niaeanii eeanne/aneie oai?ee,
iauai eniieuecoaiuo ?ano?nia.
Ia?aue aeaao iai a?aoee e?eauo ni?ina, a aoi?ie- a?aoee e?eauo
i?aaeeiaeaiey. Aaee/eia caiyoinoe ii?aaeaeyaony, neaaeiaaoaeueii,
oi/eie, aaea iieaciinoue i?aaeaeueiiai i?iaeoeoa o?aaiiaaoeaaao oyainoue
o?oaea i?e i?aaeaeueiie caiyoinoe.
Ionthaea, ii anae aeaeeiinoe, neaaeoao, /oi nouanoaoao oieueei /aou?a
aiciiaeiuo niiniaa oaaee/eoue caiyoinoue:
a) oeo/oeoue i?aaiecaoeeth oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe eee iiauneoue
iaaeaaeiinoue i?aaeaeaeaiey aoaeouaai, eioi?ia oiaiueoaao
“o?eeoeeiiioth” aac?aaioeoeo;
a) iiieceoue i?aaeaeueioth oyainoue o?oaea, au?aaeaiioth oie ?aaeueiie
ca?aaioiie ieaoie, ca eioi?oth iiaeii ?aniieaaaoue aeiaaai/iui o?oaeii,
/oi nie?aoeo “aeia?iaieueioth” aac?aaioeoeo;
a) oaaee/eoue i?aaeaeueioth oece/aneoth i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue o?oaea a
io?aneyo i?iiuoeaiiinoe, auioneathuea oiaa?u, i?eia?aoaaiua ia
ca?aaioioth ieaoo,
eee
a) iiauneoue oeaiu oiaa?ia, i?eia?aoaaiuo ia ia ca?aaioioth ieaoo, ii
n?aaiaieth n oeaiie oiaa?ia, i?eia?aoaaiuo ia ca?aaioioth ieaoo, a nayce
ni naeaeaaie a ?anoiaeao eeoe, ia ioiinyueony e /eneo iaaiiuo
?aaioieeia, io oiaa?ia, i?eia?aoaaiuo ia ca?aaioioth ieaoo, e i?i/ei
oiaa?ai.
Aeae. I. Eaein ii?aaeaeyao o?aoueth eaoaai?eth aac?aaioeoeu, a eiaiii
“auioaeaeaiioth” aac?aaioeoeo a oceii niunea neiaa, aiciiaeiinoe eioi?ie
eeanne/aneay oai?ey aiiaua ia aeiioneaao. Iii oaeiai: ethaee noaiiayony
auioaeaeaii aac?aaioiuie, anee i?e iaaieueoii ?inoa oeai oiaa?ia,
i?eia?aoaaiuo ia ca?aaioioth ieaoo, ii ioiioaieth e aeaiaaeiie
ca?aaioiie ieaoa niaieoiiia i?aaeeiaeaiea o?oaea ?aaioieeia, aioiauo
?aaioaoue ca nouanoaothuoth aeaiaaeioth ca?aaioioth ieaoo, oae aea eae e
niaieoiiue ni?in ia o?oae i?e yoie ca?aaioiie ieaoa, i?aauoatho
nouanoaothuee iauai caiyoinoe.
Aeey ii?aaeaeaiey iiiyoee niaieoiiiai ni?ina e yooaeoeaiiai ni?ina,
Eaein aaiaeeo ianeieueei iiiyoee. I?aaeiieiaeei, /oi ?anniao?eaaaiue
i?iiaaeooie a?aiaie, ninoiyiea oaoieee, caiyoinoue iaee/iuo o?oaeiauo
?ano?nia e o?iaaiue ecaea?aeae iaeciaiiu. A yoeo oneiaeyo
i?aaei?eieiaoaeue, iaieiathuee ii?aaeaeaiiia /enei ?aaioieeia,
inouanoaeyao ?anoiaeu aeaiyeiai ?iaea. I?aaeaea anaai, yoi n?aaenoaa,
eioi?ua ii auiea/eaaao oaeoi?ai i?iecaiaenoaa (eneeth/ay ae?oaeo
i?aaei?eieiaoaeae) ca eo oaeouea oneoae, – oi, /oi aoaeao iacuaaoueny
oaeoi?eaeueiuie ecaea?aeeaie i?e aeaiiii o?iaia caiyoinoe. Ai-aoi?uo,
yoi n?aaenoaa, eioi?ua ii auiea/eaaao ae?oaei i?aaei?eieiaoaeyi ca
iieoiaaiua o ieo oiaa?u, a oaeaea oneeey, eioi?ua ii i?eeaaaao,
caa?oaeay iai?oaeiaaiea, a ia inoaaeyy aai a aacaeaenoaee, – oi, /oi
aoaeao iacuaaoueny ecaea?aeeaie eniieueciaaiey i?e aeaiiii o?iaia
caiyoinoe. I?aauoaiea noieiinoe i?iecaaaeaiiie i?iaeoeoeee iaae
oaeoi?eaeueiuie ecaea?aeeaie e ecaea?aeeaie eniieueciaaiey ninoaaeyao
i?eaueue, eee, eae iia aoaeao iacuaaoueny aeioiae i?aaei?eieiaoaey. Oi,
/oi aeey i?aaei?eieiaoaey yaeyaony oaeoi?eaeueiuie ecaea?aeeaie, n oi/ee
c?aiey oaeoi?ia i?iecaiaenoaa anoue, eiia/ii, eo nianoaaiiue aeioiae.
Oaeei ia?acii, oaeoi?eaeueiua ecaea?aeee e i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneay
i?eaueue ia?acotho aianoa oi, /oi ii?aaeaeyaony eae niaieoiiue aeioiae,
iieo/aaiue i?e aeaiiii o?iaia caiyoinoe. I?aaei?eieiaoaeueneay i?eaueue
yaeyaony, anoanoaaiii, aaee/eiie, eioi?oth i?aaei?eieiaoaeue no?aieony
iaeneiece?iaaoue, eiaaea i?eieiaaony ?aoaiea i iaeia ?aaioieeia. A oao
neo/ayo, eiaaea aiaeec yeiiiie/aneie eiiuthieoo?u i?iaiaeeony n iiceoeee
i?aaei?eieiaoaey, niaieoiiue aeioiae (o.a. oaeoi?eaeueiua ecaea?aeee
iethn i?eaueue), iieo/aaiua i?e aeaiiii iauaia caiyoinoe, oeaeaniia?acii
iacuaaoue au?o/eie io yoie caiyoinoe.
N ae?oaie noi?iiu, niaieoiiay oeaia i?aaeeiaeaiey i?iaeoeoeee i?e
aeaiiii iauaia caiyoinoe anoue iaeeaeaaiay au?o/ea, eioi?ay eae ?ac e
iiaoaeaeaao i?aaei?eieiaoaey i?aaeuyaeoue ni?in ia o?oae, ?aaiue eiaiii
yoiio o?iaith caiyoinoe.
Neaaeiaaoaeueii, anee i?aaeiieiaeeoue, /oi ninoiyiea oaoieee, iauai
i?eiaiyaiuo ?ano?nia e oaeaeueiua (ia iaeiiai ?aaioieea) oaeoi?eaeueiua
ecaea?aeee iaeciaiiu, oi o?iaaiue caiyoinoe eae ia ioaeaeueiii
i?aaei?eyoee eee iaeiie io?anee, oae e a oeaeii ii oicyenoao caaeneo io
noiiu au?o/ee, eioi?oth i?aaei?eieiaoaee ?ann/eouaatho iieo/eoue ca
niioaaonoaothuoth i?iaeoeoeeth. I?aaei?eieiaoaee aoaeoo noa?aoueny
aeiaanoe iauai caiyoinoe aei o?iaiy, i?e eioi?ii iie iaaeathony eiaoue
iaeaieueoaa i?aauoaiea au?o/ee iaae oaeoi?eaeueiuie ecaea?aeeaie.
Anee iaicia/eoue niaieoiioth oeaio i?aaeeiaeaiey i?iaeoeoeee i?e
caiyoinoe N /aeiaae /a?ac Z ; acaeiinaycue iaaeaeo Z e N , eioi?oth
iiaeii caienaoue /a?ac Z= o(N), iaciaai ooieoeeae niaieoiiiai
i?aaeeiaeaiey. Au?o/eo, iaeeaeaaioth i?aaei?eieiaoaeyie i?e caiyoinoe N
/aeiaae, iaicia/ei /a?ac D ; acaeiinaycue iaaeaeo D e N , eioi?oth
iiaeii caienaoue a oi?ia D= f(N), iaciaai ooieoeeae niaieoiiiai ni?ina.
Anee aeey aeaiiie aaee/eiu N iaeeaeaaiay au?o/ea aieueoa, /ai
niaieoiiay oeaia i?aaeeiaeaiey, o.a. anee D aieueoa, /ai Zoi
i?aaei?eieiaoaee aoaeoo no?aieoueny oaaee/eoue caiyoinoue naa?o N (anee
aeaaea eiieo?aioeey eo ae?oa n ae?oaii ec-ca i?eaea/aiey oaeoi?ia
i?iecaiaenoaa i?eaaaeao e iiauoaieth ecaea?aeae) aei oaeie aaee/eiu N ,
i?e eioi?ie Z noaei au ?aaiie D . Oaeei ia?acii, o?iaaiue caiyoinoe
ii?aaeaeyaony oi/eie ia?ana/aiey ooieoeee niaieoiiiai ni?ina e
niaieoiiiai i?aaeeiaeaiey. Eiaiii a yoie oi/ea iaeeaeaaiay
i?aaei?eieiaoaeyie i?eaueue aoaeao iaeaieueoae. Aaee/eia D a yoie oi/ea
e?eaie ooieoeee niaieoiiiai ni?ina, aaea iia ia?anaeaaony n ooieoeeae
niaieoiiiai i?aaeeiaeaiey, iacuaaaony yooaeoeaiui ni?inii.
Eiaaea caiyoinoue aic?anoaao, oaaee/eaaaony niaieoiiue ?aaeueiue
aeioiae. Ineoieiaey iauanoaa oaeiaa, /oi n ?inoii niaieoiiiai ?aaeueiiai
aeioiaea oaaee/eaaaony e niaieoiiia iio?aaeaiea, iaeiaei ia oaeie aea
ia?a, a eaeie ?anoao aeioiae. Iiyoiio i?aaei?eieiaoaee iioa?iaee au
oauoee, anee any aic?inoay caiyoinoue auea iai?aaeaia ia oaeiaeaoai?aiea
aic?inoaai ni?ina ia i?aaeiaou oaeouaai iio?aaeaiey. Aeey iiaeaea?aeaiey
ethaiai aeaiiiai o?iaiy caiyoinoe iaiaoiaeeiu oaeouea eiaanoeoeee,
iiaeiuathuea i?aauoaiea niaieoiiie i?iaeoeoeee iaae oai, /oi iauanoai
aeaeaao iio?aaeyoue ia aeaiiii o?iaia caiyoinoe. Anee oaeea eiaanoeoeee
ia inouanoaeythony, au?o/ea i?aaei?eieiaoaeae aoaeao ieaea oie, eioi?ay
iaiaoiaeeia, /oiau aucaaoue o ieo no?aieaiea e aeinoeaeaieth yoiai
o?iaiy caiyoinoe. Ionthaea neaaeoao, /oi i?e aeaiiie aaee/eia
iieacaoaey, eioi?ue iacuaaaony neeiiiinoue iauanoaa e iio?aaeaieth,
?aaiiaaniue o?iaaiue caiyoinoe, o.a. oio o?iaaiue, i?e eioi?ii o
i?aaei?eieiaoaeae a oeaeii iao no?aieaiey ie ?anoe?youe, ie nie?auaoue
caiyoinoue, aoaeao caaenaoue io aaee/eiu oaeoueo eiaanoeoeee. A naith
i/a?aaeue aaee/eia oaeoueo eiaanoeoeee caaeneo io oiai, /oi aoaeao
iacuaaoueny iiaoaeaeaieai eiaanoe?iaaoue, a iiaoaeaeaiea eiaanoe?iaaoue
a naith i/a?aaeue caaeneo io ioiioaiey iaaeaeo a?aoeeii i?aaeaeueiie
yooaeoeaiinoe eaieoaea e eiiieaenii ii?i i?ioeaioa ii caeiai n ?aciuie
n?ieaie iiaaoaiey e ?aciie noaiaiueth ?enea.
Neaaeiaaoaeueii, i?e aeaiiie neeiiiinoe e iio?aaeaieth e aeaiiuo
?acia?ao iiauo eiaanoeoeee aoaeao nouanoaiaaoue oieueei iaeei o?iaaiue
caiyoinoe, niaianoeiue n ?aaiiaaneai, iineieueeo anyeee ae?oaie o?iaaiue
i?eaaaeao e ianiaiaaeaieth niaieoiiie oeaiu i?aaeeiaeaiey e niaieoiiie
oeaiu ni?ina. Yoio o?iaaiue ia iiaeao auoue aieueoei , /ai iieiay
caiyoinoue, o.a. ?aaeueiay ca?aaioiay ieaoa ia iiaeao auoue iaiueoa, /ai
i?aaeaeueiay oyainoue o?oaea. Ii, aiiaua aiai?y, iao iniiaaiey
iaeeaeaoue, /oi ii aoaeao ?aaai iieiie caiyoinoe. Yooaeoeaiue ni?in,
ni/aoathueeny n iieiie caiyoinoueth, – yoi niaoeeaeueiue neo/ae,
?aaeecothueeny oieueei i?e oneiaee, anee neeiiiinoue e iio?aaeaieth e
no?aieaiea eiaanoe?iaaoue iaoiaeyony a ii?aaeaeaiiii niioiioaiee.
Nooue, ?ac?aaioaiiie auoa oai?ee naiaeeony e neaaeothuaio:
1. I?e aeaiiii ninoiyiee oaoieee, iauaia i?eiaiyaiuo ?ano?nia e o?iaia
ecaea?aeae i?iecaiaenoaa aeioiae (eae aeaiaaeiue, oae e ?aaeueiue)
caaeneo io iauaia caiyoinoe N .
2. Niioiioaiea iaaeaeo niaieoiiui aeioiaeii e aaee/eiie iaeeaeaaiuo
?anoiaeia ia iio?aaeaiea, iaicia/aaiie D1 , aoaeao caaenaoue io
ineoieiae/aneie oa?aeoa?enoeee iauanoaa, eioi?oth iacuaatho
neeiiiinoueth e iio?aaeaieth. Yoi cia/eo, /oi iio?aaeaiea aoaeao
caaenaoue io o?iaiy niaieoiiiai aeioiaea e, neaaeiaaoaeueii, io o?iaiy
caiyoinoe, anee oieueei ia i?iecieaeao eciaiaiee a neeiiiinoe e
iio?aaeaieth.
3. ?aaiiaaniue o?iaaiue caiyoinoe caaeneo: a) io ooieoeee niaieoiiiai
i?aaeeiaeaiey, a) io neeiiiinoe e iio?aaeaieth, a) io iauaia
eiaanoeoeee. Yoi e anoue nooue iauae oai?ee caiyoinoe.
?acia? caiyoinoe ia ii?aaeaeyaony i?aaeaeueiie oyainoueth o?oaea,
ecia?yaiie aaee/eiie ?aaeueiie ca?aaioiie ieaou, n oie, iaeiaei,
iaiai?eie, /oi iauai i?aaeeiaeaiey o?oaea i?e aeaiiie ?aaeueiie
ca?aaioiie ieaoa niioaaonoaoao aa?oiae a?aieoea iioaioeeaeueii
aiciiaeiiai o?iaiy caiyoinoe. Neeiiiinoue e iio?aaeaieth e iauai iiauo
eiaanoeoeee niaianoii ii?aaeaeytho iauai caiyoinoe, eioi?ue a naith
i/a?aaeue niaa?oaiii ii?aaeaeaiiui ia?acii naycai n aaee/eiie ca?aaioiie
ieaou. Anee neeiiiinoue e iio?aaeaieth e iauai iiauo eiaanoeoeee
i?eaiaeyo e iaaeinoaoi/iinoe yooaeoeaiiai ni?ina, oiaaea
aeaenoaeoaeueiue o?iaaiue caiyoinoe aoaeao iaiueoa, /ai iioaioeeaeueiia
i?aaeeiaeaiea o?oaea i?e nouanoaothuae ?aaeueiie ca?aaioiie ieaoa, a
?aaeueiay ca?aaioiay ieaoa, niioaaonoaothuay ninoiyieth ?aaiiaaney,
aoaeao aieueoa, /ai i?aaeaeueiay oyainoue o?oaea i?e yoii aea ninoiyiee
?aaiiaaney.
I?eaaaeaiiue aiaeec aeaao iai eeth/ e iauyniaieth ia?aaeiena aaaeiinoe
n?aaee eciaeeey. Iaeia eeoue iaaeinoaoi/iinoue yooaeoeaiiai ni?ina
iiaeao i?eaanoe e /anoi i?eaiaeeo e i?ae?auaieth ?inoa caiyoinoe aua aei
oiai ,eae aoaeao aeinoeaioo o?iaaiue iieiie caiyoinoe. Iaaeinoaoi/iinoue
yooaeoeaiiai ni?ina aoaeao iaoaoue ?inoo i?iecaiaenoaa, ianiio?y ia oi,
/oi i?aaeaeueiue i?iaeoeo o?oaea ana aua i?aauoaao aaee/eio i?aaeaeueiie
oyainoe o?oaea i?e aeaiiii o?iaia caiyoinoe.
Aieaa oiai, /ai aiaa/a iauanoai, oai neeueiaa oaiaeaioeee e oaaee/aieth
?ac?uaa oaeoe/aneei e iioaioeeaeueiui iauaiii i?iecaiaeeiie i?iaeoeoeee,
neaaeiaaoaeueii, oai aieaa i/aaeaeiu e aiciooeoaeueiu iaaeinoaoee
yeiiiie/aneie nenoaiu. Aeaei a oii, /oi aaaeiia iauanoai i?aaeii/eoaao
iio?aaeyoue cia/eoaeueii aieueooth /anoue naiae i?iaeoeoeee, oae /oi
aeaaea aanueia ne?iiiue o?iaaiue eiaanoeoeee aoaeao aeinoaoi/iui aeey
iaania/aiey iieiie caiyoinoe, a oi a?aiy, eae aiaaoia iauanoai aeieaeii
iouneaoue cia/eoaeueii aieaa oe?ieea aiciiaeiinoe aeey eiaanoe?iaaiey n
oai, /oiau neeiiiinoue e naa?aaeaieyi aai aieaa aiaaouo i?aaenoaaeoaeae
auea niaianoeia n caiyoinoueth aai aieaa aaaeiuo /eaiia. Anee a
iioaioeeaeueii aiaaoii iauanoaa iiaoaeaeaiea eiaanoe?iaaoue neaai,
oiaaea, ianiio?y ia aai iioaioeeaeueiia aiaaonoai, aeaenoaea i?eioeeia
yooaeoeaiiai ni?ina canoaaeo yoi iauanoai nie?auaoue iauai i?iecaiaeeiie
i?iaeoeoeee, iiea iii, ianiio?y ia naia iioaioeeaeueiia aiaaonoai, ia
noaiao ianoieueei aaaeiui, /oi cia/eoaeueii nie?aoeaoeeny eceeoae
aeioiaea iaae iio?aaeaieai i?eaeao a niioaaonoaea n aai neaaui
iiaoaeaeaieai e eiaanoe?iaaieth.
Eaein aeaao ii?aaeaeaiea naa?aaeaieth , eae i?aauoaiea aeioiaea iaae
iio?aaeoaeueneeie ?anoiaeaie, a iiiyoea eiaanoeoeee – eae i?e?ino
oeaiiinoe eaieoaeueiiai eiouanoaa a ?acoeueoaoa i?iecaiaenoaaiiie
aeayoaeueiinoe.
Oioy iauay noiia naa?aaeaiee i?aaenoaaeyao niaie niaieoiiue ?acoeueoao
aeaenoaey iiiaeanoaa ioaeaeueiuo iio?aaeoaeae, a aaee/eia eiaanoeoeee –
niaieoiiue ?acoeueoao aeaenoaey eiaeeaeaeoaeueiuo i?aaei?eieiaoaeae, yoe
aeaa aaee/eiu aeieaeiu auoue ?aaiu iaaeaeo niaie, iineieueeo eaaeaeay ec
ieo ?aaia i?aauoaieth aeioiaea iaae iio?aaeaieai.
?aoeaiou iae?i?aaoee?iaaiey. Eiaanoeoeeiiiue ioeueoeieeeaoi?.
Ioee/ea eaeineaineie oai?ee io eeanne/aneie caeeth/aaony a oii, /oi
yeiiiienou-eeanneee n/eoatho niaieoiiue ni?in yaeaieai noaaeeueiui, iiea
ia i?ienoiaeeo ieeaeeo cia/eoaeueiuo eciaiaiee a i?aaeeiaeaiee aeaiaa.
Aeaaea anee niaieoiiue ni?in iiieceeny, yeanoe/iinoue oeai e ca?aaioiie
ieaou iaania/eo ?aaioo aaoiiaoe/aneiai ano?iaiiiai iaoaiecia, n
iiiiuueth eioi?iai iiaeaea?aeeaaaony ooieoeeiie?iaaiea eaieoaeenoe/aneie
yeiiiieee ia o?iaia aa iioaioeeaeueiiai iauaia i?iecaiaenoaa e
anoanoaaiiie ii?iu aac?aaioeoeu. Iiyoiio iae?iyeiiiie/aneay iieeoeea
ainoaea?noaa i?aaenoaaeyaony eceeoiae e iai?iaeoeoeaiie. Aeey
eaeineaioeaa eciai/eainoue niaieoiiiai ni?ina e iayeanoe/iinoue oeai a
iai?aaeaiee iiieaeaiey icia/atho, /oi aac?aaioeoea iiaeao oaaee/eaaoueny
e nio?aiyoueny a ?uii/iie yeiiiieea a oa/aiea aeeeoaeueiiai ia?eiaea.
*oiau ecaaaeaoue aeaaioneeo iioa?ue io niaaeia e e?ecenia, iaiaoiaeeia
yooaeoeaiay iae?iyeiiiie/aneay iieeoeea ?aaoee?iaaiey ni noi?iiu
ainoaea?noaa. Iiyoiio eaeineaioeu oaeaeytho iniaia aieiaiea niaieoiiiio
ni?ino.
Niaeanii eaeineaineie yeiiiie/aneie oai?ee o?iaaiue i?iecaiaenoaa e
caiyoinoe a nia?aiaiiii eaieoaeenoe/aneii iauanoaa ii?aaeaeyaony
neaaeothuei iieiaeaieai: eiee/anoai i?iecaaaeaiiuo oiaa?ia e oneoa e
niioaaonoaaiii o?iaaiue caiyoinoe iaoiaeyony a i?yiie caaeneiinoe io
o?iaiy iaueo, eee niaieoiiuo, ?anoiaeia.
Aeey eo/oaai iiieiaiey niaieoiiiai ni?ina e aai aeeyiey ia
iae?iyeiiiie/aneia ninoiyiea yeiiiieee iaiaoiaeeii ?anniio?aoue e
i?iaiaeece?iaaoue /aou?a eiiiiiaioa AII: iio?aaeaiea, eiaanoeoeee,
ainoaea?noaaiiua caeoiee e /enoue yenii?o.
Nouanoaoao iiiai oaeoi?ia, aeeythueo ia o?iaaiue iio?aaeoaeueneeo
?anoiaeia. Ii cae?aaue niune e noaoenoe/aneea aeaiiua iieacuaatho, /oi
naiui aaaeiui oaeoi?ii yaeyaony aeioiae, a /anoiinoe aeioiae iinea
oieaou iaeiaia. A iineieueeo naa?aaeaiey yaeythony, ianiiiaiii, oie
/anoueth aeioiaea, eioi?ay ia iio?aaeyaony, oi aeioiae iinea oieaou
iaeiaia i?aaenoaaeyao niaie iniiaiie oaeoi?, ii?aaeaeythuee e ee/iua
naa?aaeaiey.
E?iia oiai aua anoue oaeoi?u iio?aaeaiey e naa?aaeaiee, ia naycaiiua n
aeioiaeii.
Aiaaonoai. *ai aieueoa iaeiieaiiiai aiaaonoaa aeiiioicyenoaa, oai
aieueoa aaee/eia iio?aaeaiey e iaiueoa aaee/eia naa?aaeaiee i?e ethaii
o?iaia oaeouaai aeioiaea.
O?iaaiue oeai. Aic?anoaiea o?iaiy oeai aaaeao e niauaieth a?aoeea
iio?aaeaiey aiec, a niauaiea o?iaiy oeai – aaa?o. Yoio auaiae eiaao
i?yiia ioiioaiea e aiaeeco aiaaonoaa eae oaeoi?a iio?aaeaiey, iineieueeo
eciaiaiea o?iaiy oeai eciaiytho ?aaeueioth noieiinoue, eee
iieoiaoaeueioth niiniaiinoue iaeioi?uo aeaeia aiaaonoa.
Iaeeaeaiey. Iaeeaeaiey aeiiioicyenoaa, naycaiiua n aoaeoueie oeaiaie,
aeaiaaeiuie aeioiaeaie e iaee/eai oiaa?ia, iiao ieacaoue cia/eoaeueiia
aicaeaenoaea ia oaeouea ?anoiaeu e naa?aaeaiey. Iaeeaeaiea iiauoaiey
oeai e aeaoeoeeoa oiaa?ia aaaeao e iiauoaieth oaeoueo ?anoiaeia e
nieaeaieth naa?aaeaiee. Iaeeaeaaiay eioeyoeey e iaeeaeaaiua aeaoeoeeou
iiaoaeaeatho ethaeae “iieoiaoue ai?ie” ai ecaaaeaiea aieaa aunieeo
aoaeoueo oeai e ionouo iieie. Iaeeaeaiea i?e?inoa aeaiaaeiuo aeioiaeia a
aoaeouai, a nith i/a?aaeue, aaaeao e oiio, /oi iio?aaeoaee iinooiatho
aieaa aieueii ni naieie oaeoueie ?anoiaeaie. Iaiai?io, iaeeaeaaiia
iaaeaiea oeai, i?aae/oanoaea nieaeaiey aeioiaeia, iuouaiey oiai, /oi
oiaa?u aoaeoo a eciaeeee, iiaeao iiaoaeeoue iio?aaeoaeae nie?auaoue
iio?aaeaiea e oaaee/eaaoue naa?aaeaiey.
Iio?aaeoaeueneay caaeieaeaiiinoue. Iiaeii iaeeaeaoue, /oi e o?iaaiue
iio?aaeoaeueneie caaeieaeaiiinoe iiaeao aucaaoue o aeiiioicyenoa
aeaeaiea iai?aaeyoue oaeouee aeioiae eeai ia iio?aaeaiea eeai ia
naa?aaeaiea. Anee caaeieaeaiiinoue aeiiioicyenoa aeinoeaea oaeie
aaee/eiu, /oi, neaaeai 20 eee 25 % eo oaeoueo aeioiaeia io/eneyaony aeey
oieaou i/a?aaeiuo aciinia ii i?aaeuaeouei caeoieai, oi iio?aaeoaee
aoaeoo nie?auaoue oaeouaa iio?aaeaiea, /oiau nieceoue caaeieaeaiiinoue.
Iaeiaiiaeiaeaiea. Iaeiae auiea/eaathony /anoe/ii ca n/ao iio?aaeaiey e
/anoe/ii ca n/ao naa?aaeaiee. Iiyoiio ?ino iaeiaia nianoeo eae a?aoee
iio?aaeaiey oae e a?aoee naa?aaeaiey aiec. Iaiai?io, aeiey aeioiaeia,
iieo/aiiay io nieaeaiey iaeiaia aoaeao /anoe/ii iio?aaeyoueny e
/anoe/ii eaeoe ia naa?aaeaiea aeiiioicyenoa. Oaeei ia?acii, nieaeaiea
iaeiaia auciaao naeaea a?aoeeia iio?aaeaiey e naa?aaeaiey aaa?o.
Yeiiiienou – i?aaenoaaeoaee anao oeie – aaeeiu ai iiaiee, /oi a?aoeee
iio?aaeaiey n naa?aaeaiey yaeythony iaeciaiiuie, anee ainoaea?noai ia
i?aaei?eieiaao i?aaeiaia?aiiuo ia? aeey eo eciaiaiee. Aiciiaeii, yoi
i?ienoiaeeo iioiio, /oi ia ?aoaiea iio?aaeyoue eee naa?aaaoue
cia/eoaeueiia aeeyiea ieacuaaao niioaaonoaothuay i?eau/ea.
Aeaeaa ia?aoeiny ei aoi?iio eiiiiiaioo /enouo ?anoiaeia – eiaanoeoeeyi,
eioi?ua iu ii?aaeaeeee eae ?anoiaeu ia no?ieoaeuenoai iiauo caaiaeia, ia
noaiee e iai?oaeiaaiea n aeeeoaeueiui n?ieii neoaeau e o.i. *oi
ii?aaeaeyao o?iaaiue /enouo ?anoiaeia ia eiaanoeoeee? Aeaa iniiaiuo
oaeoi?a: 1) iaeeaeaaiay ii?ia /enoie i?eauee, eioi?oth i?aaei?eieiaoaee
?ann/eouaatho iieo/aoue io ?anoiaeia ia eiaanoeoeee, e 2) noaaea
i?ioeaioa.
Iiaoaeeoaeueiui iioeaii inouanoaeaiey ?anoiaeia ia eiaanoeoeee yaeyaony
i?eaueue. I?aaei?eieiaoaee i?eia?aoatho n?aaenoaa i?iecaiaenoaa oieueei
oiaaea, eiaaea iaeeaeaaony, /oi iiaeiaiua iieoiee aoaeoo i?eaueueiuie.
?anniio?ei oaeie i?eia?. I?aaeiieiaeei, /oi aeaaeaeaoe iaaieueoie
ianoa?neie i?eieiaao ?aoaiea ia eiaanoeoeeyo ia iiaue oeeoiaaeueiue
noaiie noieiinoueth $1000 e n?ieii neoaeau a iaeei aiae. Iiaay iaoeia,
aa?iyoii, oaaee/eo i?iecaiaenoai i?iaeoeoeee e au?o/eo oe?iu. Oae,
i?aaeiieiaeei, /oi /enoue iaeeaeaaiue aeioiae (oi anoue aeioiae aac
yenieoaoaoeeiiiuo ?anoiaeia, oaeeo, eae ?anoiaeu ia yia?aeth,
ae?aaaneio, ?aai/oth neeo, iaeiae e o.i.) ninoaaeyao $1100. Ae?oaeie
neiaaie, iinea o/aoa yenieoaoaoeeiiiuo ?anoiaeia inoaaoeeny iaeeaeaaiue
/enoue aeioiae iie?iao noieiinoue iaoeiu a $ 1000 e i?eianao aeioiae a
$100. N?aaieaay yoio aeioiae a $100 e noieiinoue iaoeiu a $1000 ,
iaoiaeei, /oi ii?ia /enoie i?eauee io i?eiaiaiey iiaie iaoeiu ?aaia 10%
($100/$1000).
Ii anoue aua iaeei eiiiiiaio ?anoiaeia, naycaiiue n eiaanoe?iaaieai,
eioi?ue ia o/oai a iaoai i?eia?a. Yoi noaaea i?ioeaioa – oeaia, eioi?oth
oe?ia aeieaeia caieaoeoue, /oiau caiyoue aeaiaaeiue eaieoae,
iaiaoiaeeiue aeey i?eia?aoaiey ?aaeueiiai eaieoaea (oeeoiaaeueiiai
noaiea). Anee iaeeaeaaiay ii?ia /enoie i?eauee (10 %) i?aauoaao noaaeo
i?ioeaioa (neaaeai 7 %), oi eiaanoe?iaaiea aoaeao i?eaueueiui. Ii anee
noaaea i?ioeaioa (neaaeai 12%) i?aauoaao ii?io /enoie i?eauee (10%), oi
eiaanoe?iaaoue aoaeao iaauaiaeii.
?ieue noaaee i?ioeaioa eae ecaea?aeae ia eiaanoe?iaaiea ia ?aaeueiue
eaieoae nio?aiyaony e oiaaea, eiaaea oe?ia ia caieiaao, a iaiai?io,
oeiaine?oao eiaanoeoeee ec n?aaenoa, iaeiieaiiuo ec i?ioeie i?eauee.
Eniieuecoy yoe n?aaenoaa aeey eiaanoeoeee ia oeeoiaaeueiue noaiie, oe?ia
ianao ecaea?aeee oo?a/aiiuo aiciiaeiinoae a oii niunea, /oi ioeacuaaaony
io aeioiaea a aeaea i?ioeaioa, eioi?ue iia iiaea au iieo/eoue, nnoaeay
n?aaenoaa eiio-ieaoaeue aua.
Neaaeoao iiae/a?eiooue, /oi eiaiii ?aaeueiay noaaea i?ioeaioa, a ia
iiieiaeueiay ea?aao nouanoaaiioth ?ieue a i?eiyoee eiaanoeoeeiiiuo
?aoaiee.
Ioiaoei, /oi i?e oeene?iaaiiii i?aaeeiaeaiee aeaiaa eciaiaiey a o?iaia
oeai aeeytho ia aaee/eio eiaanoeoeee aneaaenoaea aeaenoaey yooaeoa
i?ioeaioiie noaaee (eiaaea o?iaaiue oeai iiauoaaony, iiauoathony e
i?ioeaioiua noaaee, a aic?inoea i?ioeaioiua noaaee, a nith i/a?aaeue,
i?eaiaeyo e nie?auaieth iio?aaeoaeueneeo ?anoiaeia e eiaanoeoeee).
E?iia oiai, ia aaee/eio eiaanoeoeee aeeytho e oaeea oaeoi?u, eae iaeiae
n i?aaei?eyoee, oaoiieiaee e ecauoi/iua iiuiinoe.
Oaaee/aiea iaeiaia n i?aaei?eyoee i?eaaaeao e oiaiueoaieth i?eaueae
(iinea au/aoa iaeiaia) ei?ii?aoeee io eaieoaeiaeiaeaiee, a
neaaeiaaoaeueii, e e oiaiueoaieth niaieoiiiai ni?ina. E iaiai?io,
nie?auaiea iaeiaia oaaee/eo i?eauee (iinea au/aoa iaeiaia) io
eaieoaeiaeiaeaiee e, aiciiaeii, oaaee/eo eiaanoeoeeiiiua ?anoiaeu, a
oaeaea iiaeoieeiao e?eaoth niaieoiiiai ni?ina aaa?o.
Iiaua e oniaa?oainoaiaaiiua oaoiieiaee eiatho oaiaeaioeeth e
noeioee?iaaieth eiaanoeoeeiiiuo ?anoiaeia e oai naiui e oaaee/aieth
niaieoiiiai ni?ina.
Oaaee/aiea ecauoi/iuo iiuiinoae , oi anoue iaee/iiai iaeniieuecoaiiai
eaieoaea, naea?aeeaaao ni?in ia iiaua eiaanoeoeeiiiua oiaa?u e iiyoiio
oiaiueoaao niaieoiiue ni?in.
O?aoueei eiiiiiaioii niaieoiiuo ?anoiaeia yaeyaony ainoaea?noaaiiua
?anoiaeu. Oaaee/aiea ainoaea?noaaiiuo caeoiie iaoeeiiaeueiiai i?iaeoeoa
i?e aeaiiii o?iaia oeai aoaeao i?eaiaeeoue e oaaee/aieth niaieoiiiai
ni?ina aei oao ii?, iiea iaeiaiaua nai?u e i?ioeaioiua noaaee aoaeoo
inoaaaoueny iaeciaiiuie.
Iineaaeiei iaoeaiiaui oaeoi?ii niaieoiiiai ni?ina yaeythony ?anoiaeu ia
/enoue yenii?o. E?eaay niaieoiiiai ni?ina niauaaony e oiaaea, eiaaea
i?ienoiaeyo eciaiaiey a caeoieao ioa/anoaaiiuo oiaa?ia ca?oaaaeiuie
iio?aaeoaeyie, iacaaeneii io o?iaiy oeai a iaoae no?aia. Ia iauai
/enoiai yenii?oa aeeytho oaeea oaeoi?u, eae iaoeeiiaeueiue aeioiae
ca?oaaaeiuo no?ai e aaethoiua eo?nu.
Aic?anoaiea iaoeeiiaeueiiai aeioiaea ca ?oaaaeii oaaee/eaaao ni?in ia
yenii?oe?oaiua oiaa?u, /oi naeaeaaao e?eaoth niaieoiiiai ni?ina aaa?o e
iaiai?io – oiaiueoaiea iaoeeiiaeueiiai aiaaonoaa ca ?oaaaeii eiaao
i?ioeaiiieiaeiue ?acoeueoao; /enoue iauai iaoaai yenii?oa oiaiueoaaony,
naeaeaay e?eaoth niaieoiiiai ni?ina aiec.
Eciaiaiey eo?na iaoeeiiaeueiie aaethou oaeaea aeeyao ia iauai /enoiai
yenii?oa. Nieaeaiea eo?na i?eaaaeao e oiaiueoaieth /enoiai yenii?oa ii
ioiioaieth e eiii?oo e iaiai?io.
Anee i?ineaaeeaaoue caeiiiia?iinoue a eciaiaieyo eiaanoeoeeiiiuo
?anoiaeao e ?inoa o?iaiy iauaia i?iecaiaenoaa, oi iiaeii ioiaoeoue
ethaiiuoioth iniaaiiinoue: eciaiaiea eiaanoeoeeiiiuo ?anoiaeia e i?eia?o
ia $5 ie?ae., aea/ao ca niaie ?ino o?iaiy iauaia i?iecaiaenoaa e
aeioiaea ia $20 ie?ae. Yoio oaeeaeoaeueiue ?acoeueoao iacuaaaony
yooaeoii ioeueoeieeeaoi?a, eee i?inoi ioeueoeieeeaoi?ii. Oa?aeoa?enoeea
ioeueoeieeeaoi?a eiaanoeoeee a iauyniaiee Eaeina cao/eo neaaeothuei
ia?acii: eiaaea i?ienoiaeeo i?e?ino iauae noiiu eiaanoeoeee, oi aeioiae
oaaee/eaaaony ia noiio, eioi?ay a k ?ac i?aainoiaeeo i?e?ino
eiaanoeoeee.
eciaiaiey ia?aiia/aeueiia eciaiaiea
a *II = ioeueoeieeeaoi? O a eiaanoeoeeyo
Neaaeoao naeaeaoue o?e caia/aiey:
1. “Ia?aiia/aeueiia eciaiaiea a ?anoiaeao” iau/ii aucuaaaony naeaeaaie
a eiaanoeoeeiiiuo ?anoiaeao ii oie i?inoie i?e/eia, /oi eiaanoeoeee
i?aaenoaaeytho niaie iaeaieaa eciai/eaue eiiiiiaio niaieoiiuo ?anoiaeia.
Ii neaaeoao iiae/a?eiooue, /oi eciaiaiey a iio?aaeaiee, ainoaea?noaaiiuo
caeoieao eee yenii?oa oaeaea iiaeaa?aathony aeaenoaeth yooaeoa
ioeueoeieeeaoi?a.
2. “Ia?aiia/aeueiia eciaiaiea a ?anoiaeao” icia/aao ia?aiauaiea aaa?o
eee aiec a?aoeea niaieoiiuo ?anoiaeia a nayce ni naeaeaii aiec eee aaa?o
iaeiiai ec eiiiiiaioia a?aoeea. Niauaiea aaa?o eee aiec a?aoeea
iio?aaeaiey ec-ca eciaiaiey iaeiiai ec ia naycaiiuo n aeioiaeii oaeoi?a
iio?aaeaiey- aiaaonoaa, o?iaiy oeai, iaeeaeaiee, iio?aaeoaeueneie
caaeieaeaiiinoe e o.ae. – iiaeao aucaaoue iiiaie?aoiia eciaiaiea
?aaeueiiai *II.
3. Ec aoi?iai neaaeoao, /oi ioeueoeieeeaoi? – yoi iaithaeiino?ue ia/,
eioi?ue aeaenoaoao a iaieo iai?aaeaieyo. Oi anoue iacia/eoaeueiia
oaaee/aiea ?anoiaeia iiaeao aeaoue iiiaie?aoiue i?e?ino *II; n ae?oaie
noi?iiu, iaaieueoia nie?auaiea ?anoiaeia iiaeao i?eaanoe e oiaiueoaieth
*II.
Cia/aiea ioeueoeieeeaoi?a ninoieo a oii, /oi ioiineoaeueii iaaieueoia
eciaiaiea a eiaanoeoeeiiiuo ieaiao i?aaei?eieiaoaeae eee ieaiia
naa?aaeaiee aeiiioicyenoa iiaeao aucaaoue ai?acaei aieueoea eciaiaiey a
?aaiiaaniii o?iaia *II. Ioeueoeieeeaoi? oneeeaaao eieaaaiey
i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie aeayoaeueiinoe, aucaaiiua eciaiaieyie a ?anoiaeao.
Iniiaiie oeaeueth iieeoeee ainoaea?noaa yaeyaony nicaeaiea oaeie
nenoaiu iaeiaia e o?ainoa?iuo ieaoaaeae, eioi?ay au nieaeaea
i?aaeaeueioth neeiiiinoue e iio?aaeaieth e aaee/eiu ioeueoeieeeaoi?a e
oai naiui iiieaeaea au aeanoaaeeece?othuee yooaeo io eciaiaiey a
eiaanoeoeeyo, iio?aaeaiee, ainoaea?noaaiiuo ?anoiaeao eee yenii?oa.
Aeinoieinoaa e neaainoe eaeineaineiai iiaeoiaea.
Eaeineaineay iiaeaeue, ?ac?aaioaiiay a ia?eiae ianniaie aac?aaioeoeu
30-o aiaeia i?aaeiieaaaao, /oi ?ino niaieoiiuo ?anoiaeia i?eaiaeeo e
?inoo iauaia i?iecaiaenoaa i?e nouanoaothuai, eee oaeouai o?iaia oeai.
Iaiai?io, iiaeaeue niaieoiiiai ni?ina e i?aaeeiaeaiey iieacuaaao, /oi
o?iaaiue oeai aic?anoaao n ?inoii niaieoiiiai ni?ina ia i?iiaaeooi/iii e
eeanne/aneii io?aceao e?eaie niaieoiiiai i?aaeeiaeaiey. Eaeineaineee
aiaeec acaeiicaaeneiinoe ?anoiaeia e iauaiia i?iecaiaenoaa- yoi iiaeaeue
i?e iinoiyiiii o?iaia oeai; aiaeec niioiioaiey niaieoiiiai ni?ina e
i?aaeeiaeaiey – yoi iiaeaeue n ia?aiaiiui o?iaiai oeai.
Eae iu oaea aeaeaee ?aiaa, iaaeaeo e?eaie iio?aaeaiey e o?iaiai oeai
nouanoaoao ia?aoiay caaeneiinoue. Iiauoaiea o?iaiy oeai neoaeeo i?e/eiie
naeaeaa aiec a?aoeea iio?aaeaiey, a niioaaonoaaiii e a?aoeea ?anoiaeia,
e iaiai?io. Enoiaeiie aea i?e/eiie yaeyaony yooaeo ?aaeueiuo eanniauo
inoaoeia, eee yooaeo aiaaonoaa. Iiauoaiea o?iaiy oeai i?eaiaeeo e
nieaeaieth ?aaeueiie noieiinoe aiaaonoaa, eee iieoiaoaeueiie niiniaiinoe
ianaeaiey. Aeey ainnoaiiaeaiey noieiinoe naiaai aiaaonoaa ethaee
aeieaeiu aieueoa naa?aaaoue e niioaaonoaaiii iaiueoa iio?aaeyoue. I?e
iiauoaiee o?iaiy oeai a?aoee iio?aaeaiey e niioaaonoaaiii a?aoee
niaieoiiuo ?anoiaeia niauathony aiec, a ?aaeueiue *II iaaeaao. E
iaiai?io, nieaeaiea o?iaiy oeai iiauoaao ?aaeueioth noieiinoue aiaaonoaa
ianaeaiey. Eiaaea eiaeeaeaeooiu aiaaou, iie aieaa neeiiiu e iio?aaeaieth
e iaiueoa e naa?aaeaieth. I?e aieaa ieceii o?iaia oeai e?eaua
iio?aaeaiey e niaieoiiuo ?anoiaeia niauathony aaa?o e ?aaeueiue *II
iiauoaaony.
Ai-aoi?uo, nouanoaoao ia?aoiay naycue iaaeaeo o?iaiai oeai e a?aoeeii
eiaanoeoeee. N ?inoii o?iaiy oeai, i?e i?i/eo ?aaiuo oneiaeyo,
iiauoaaony i?ioeaioiay noaaea, /oi a naith i/a?aaeue aaaeao e niauaieth
aiec a?aoeeia eiaanoeoeee e niaieoiiuo ?anoiaeia. Oae iacuaaaiue yooaeo
i?ioeaioiie noaaee aeaenoaoao neaaeothuei ia?acii: i?e aieaa aunieii
o?iaia oeai o?aaoaony aieueoaa eiee/anoai aeaiaa ia iieoiee, a i?e
oeene?iaaiiii i?aaeeiaeaiee aeaiaa ?anoe?aiea ni?ina ia aeaiueae ?acei
iiauoaao i?ioeaioioth noaaeo e oiaiueoaao ?anoiaeu ia eiaanoeoeee.
Iaiai?io, ?aaeaiea o?iaiy oeai aucuaaao nie?auaiea ni?ina ia aeaiueae,
nieaeaiea i?ioeaioiie noaaee e ia?aiauaiea aaa?o a?aoeeia eiaanoeoeee e
niaieoiiuo ?anoiaeia.
Iaeiiaoe, neaaeoao ioiaoeoue /oi nouanoaoao ia?aoiay naycue iaaeaeo
o?iaiai oeai e a?aoeeii /enoiai yenii?oa.
Aiaeiae/iia aeeyiea eioeyoeey ieacuaaao ia ioeueoeieeeaoi?, aeaenoaea
eioi?iai naiaeeony ia iao a neaaenoaea eioeyoeee.
Ec anaai auoaneacaiiiai neaaeoao aeaa auaiaea:
Aeey eaaeaeiai aeaiiiai enoiaeiiai i?e?inoa niaieoiiiai ni?ina
naycaiiia n yoei oaaee/aiea ?aaeueiiai *II aoaeao oai iaiueoa, /ai
aieueoa ?ino o?iaiy oeai.
Iiaeaeue “niaieoiiua ?anoiaeu- iauai i?iecaiaenoaa” iaaeinoaoi/ia aeey
iauyniaiey neooaoeee, eiaaea eciaiaiey a niaieoiiuo ?anoiaeao (a
ionthaea e niaieoiiiai ni?ina) aucuaaao eciaiaiea o?iaiy oeai.
Aeaoeoeeoiia oeiaine?iaaiea.
I?e ii?aaeaeaiiie aaee/eia aeaoeoeeoa ainoaea?noaaiiiai athaeaeaoa aai
noeioee?othuaa aicaeaenoaea ia yeiiiieeo aoaeao caaenaoue io iaoiaeia
oeiaine?iaaiey aeaoeoeeoa.
Caeiu eee auione iiauo aeaiaa. Nouanoaotho aeaa ?acee/iuo niiniaa,
eioi?uie i?aaeoaeuenoai iiaeao oeiaine?iaaoue aeaoeoeeo: ca n/ao caeiia
o ianaeaiey (iin?aaenoaii i?iaeaaee i?ioeaioiuo aoiaa) eee ca n/ao
auionea iiauo aeaiaa aai e?aaeeoi?ai. Aicaeaenoaea ia niaieoiiua
?anoiaeu aoaeao a eaaeaeii neo/aa ?acee/iui.
I?e caeinoaiaaiee aoaeao eiaoue ianoi oaiaeaioeey e iiauoaieth o?iaiy
i?ioeaioiie noaaee e, oaeei ia?acii, aoaeao “auoaeeeaaoue” iaeioi?ua
?anoiaeu /anoiuo eiaanoi?ia e /oanoaeoaeueiua e aaee/eia i?ioeaioa
iio?aaeoaeueneea ?anoiaeu.
Anee ainoaea?noaaiiua ?anoiaeu aeaoeoeeoiiai athaeaeaoa oeiaine?othony
ca n/ao auionea iiauo aeaiaa, auoaeeeaaiey /anoiuo eiaanoeoeee iiaeii
ecaaaeaoue. Oaaea?aeueiua ?anoiaeu aoaeoo oaaee/eaaoueny, ia ieacuaay
iaaoaiiai aeeyiey ia eiaanoeoeee e iio?aaeaiea. Oaeei ia?acii, nicaeaiea
iiauo aeaiaa yaeyaony ii naiaio oa?aeoa?o aieaa noeioee?othuei niiniaii
oeiaine?iaaiey aeaoeoeeoiuo ?anoiaeia, ii n?aaiaieth n ?anoe?aieai
caeiia.
AEAEEIA?AOEss
1. Aioieiaey yeiiiie/aneie iunee. Iiae ?aaeaeoeeae
Noiey?iaa E.A. – I.”YEIIIA”, 1993 a.
2. Eaein Aeae. I. “Iauay oai?ey caiyoinoe, i?ioeaioa e aeaiaa”. I.
Yeiiiieea, 1993 a.
3. Iaeeiiae E.?., A?th N.E. “Yeiiiieen”. O.1 ae. 11, 12, 13,14,
Iineaa, 1992 a.
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