A ianoiyuaa a?aiy a ?innee yenieoaoe?othony 30 e?oiiuo aa?aaaoia
aiieaea, ec eioi?uo 14 caeoieaiu ii eiii?oo e 15 aa?aaaoia iino?iaiu ia
aaca iao/iuo e i?iaeoiuo ?aaio, auiieiaiiuo AEAI e oeiiieaeoiaaiiuo a
iniiaiii ioa/anoaaiiui iai?oaeiaaieai. I?iecaiaenoai neaaie acioiie
eeneiou ia 85% oeiiieaeoiaaii e?oiiuie aa?aaaoaie iiuiinoueth 120—360
oun. o/aiae, cai?iaeoe?iaaiiuo ii ioa/anoaaiiie oaoiieiaee,
?ac?aaioaiiie AEAI, e oeiiieaeoiaaiiuo ioa/anoaaiiui iai?oaeiaaieaii.
I?iecaiaenoaa aiiea/iie naeeo?u ia 71 % oeiiieaeoiaaiu
ioa/anoaaiiuie aa?aaaoaie aaeeie/iie iiuiinoueth 450 oun. o/aiae,
cai?iaeoe?iaaiiuie oe?iie AEAI. I?iecaiaenoai ea?aaieaea a
iniiaiii ?acaeaaeinue ia aaca iinoaaie eiii?oiiai iai?oaeiaaiey (Eoaeey,
ssiiiey, auaoay *aoineiaaeey). ?acaeoea i?iecaiaenoaa acioiuo
oaeia?aiee a ?innee nii?iaiaeaeaaony iinoiyiiui ?anoe?aieai eo
anni?oeiaioa. Aei 1960 a. iniiaiui aeaeii acioiuo oaeia?aiee,
iieo/aaiuo ia aaca ia?a?aaioee neioaoe/aneiai aiieaea, yaeyeanue
aiiea/iay naeeo?a. Oaeaeueiue aan aa a no?oeoo?a anni?oeiaioa acioiuo
oaeia?aiee ninoaaeye ieiei 80%. Aoi?ia ianoi caieiae noeueoao aiiiiey,
ii ii i?aeoe/anee iieiinoueth iieo/aeny a ea/anoaa iiai/iiai i?iaeoeoa
ia i?aaei?eyoeyo eienioeie/aneie i?iiuoeaiiinoe. Oaeaeueiue aan ae?oaeo
aeaeia acioiuo oaeia?aiee (iao?eaaay naeeo?a, ea?aaieae, aiiea/iay
aiaea) aue iacia/eoaeai e ia i?aauoae 3—5%. Aeaeueiaeoaa ?acaeoea
i?iecaiaenoaa acioiuo oaeia?aiee nouanoaaiii eciaieei no?oeoo?o eo
anni?oeiaioa a noi?iio oaaee/aiey oaeaeueiiai aana aieaa i?ia?anneaiuo
oi?i iaeeia?iuo acioiuo oaeia?aiee (ea?aaieae, aeeaeeee aiieae) e
neiaeiuo acioniaea?aeaueo oaeia?aiee. A 1990-1992 a. no?oeoo?a
anni?oeiaioa acioiuo oaeia?aiee, auioneaaiuo ?inneeneeie
i?aaei?eyoeyie, oa?aeoa?ecoaony neaaeothueie aeaiiuie (oun. o acioa):
^—CAe^e^:^:^^:^:^^^?^:-;^?^???^^
oun.o%OUN.O%oun.o7.iAatKebw^i’ric^iMHii’Bcsra^^^Oei^.COe-!lliqeslllfi^ll
.lll^00^O82!^!lieill:a oii
/enea^awMSMKiffiaaiiceaHnp»!^^111111OeIIIlillieiii111111UOO.oueoea?aaiea
e2088,728,91985,329,51982,434,0icyflb^^^iaMtffiHjHM^siwilillll.1111m^iti
^iii^-^U8>Oiliiiiaiiea/iay
aiaea249,03,4147,92,2111,21,9^aeaaei^^aiEEae?^:!;^;:^;;?;:;^
se^BenrBilwaafic^lll;!;^?^^Iaillllllllljlllll,:o^&iijii?anoai?u
EAN125,11,7146,72,195,91,6;nae^ua|;oyye1oee.o aeaiiuie: (oun. o PiOs)
I?inoua oaeia?aiey, anaai 1409 a oii /enea:
i?inoie noia?oinoao 370 aeaieiie/o?ieiie
noia?oinoao 885 Ae?oaea 154
Neiaeiua oaeia?aiey, anaai 3688 iiiiaiiiieeoinoao
1728 iieeoinoaou aiiiiey 558
(aeeaeeea eiiieaeniua oaeia?aiey) NP ” ‘
1107 NPK 294 Anaai
5097 a oii /enea ei?iiaua 154
Anaai oaeia?aiee 4943
I?iecaiaenoai aeaieiiai noia?oinoaoa nin?aaeioi/aii ia 5 caaiaeao:
Oaa?ianeiai OC, Aaeaeianeiai OC, Aieoianeiai aethieieaaiai eiiaeiaoa,
N?aaeiao?aeueneii iaaeaieaaeeueiii caaiaea e E?aniio?aeueneii
iaaeaieaaeeueiii eiiaeiaoa. I?iecaiaenoai iiiiaiiiieeoinoaoa, eioi?ue
yaeyaony iaeaieaa ?ani?ino?aiaiiui aeaeii oinoi?iuo oaeia?aiee,
inouanoaeyaony ia 8 i?aaei?ey-
97
oeyo: *a?aiiaaoeeii II “Aiiioin”, Eeiaenaiineii II “Oinoi?eo”, Aine
?anaineii II “Ieioaeia?aiey”, Oaa?ianeii OC, Aaei?a/aineii II “Oeii-
?ii”, Iaaeiiiiunneii II “Acio”, Aaeaeianeii OC, Iaeaocianeii OC. A
?innee aeaenoaotho a onoaiiaie ii i?iecaiaenoao aeeaeeeo eiiieaeniuo
oaeia?aiee (iieeoinoaoia aiiiiey) a ninoaaa Ao?aiianeiai OC, Iaaei-
iiiunneiai II “Acio”, Aaei?a/aineiai II “Ieeoaeia?aiey”, Iaeaocianeiai
OC, II “Eoeauoaaoinoi?” e Aaeaeianeiai OC. Ia?aiia/aeueii yoe onoa
iiaee auee ni?eaioe?iaaiu ia eniieueciaaiea eiii?oiie noia?oinoi?iie
eeneiou. A ianoiyuaa a?aiy iinoaaee aa i?ae?auaiu, e i?aaei?eyoey
?aaioatho ia noia?oinoi?iie eeneioa ioa/anoaaiiiai i?iecaiaenoaa.
I?iecaiaenoai neiaeiuo oaeia?aiee inouanoaeyaony ii ianeieueeei oao
iieiae/aneei noaiai. Ia Iiaiiineianeii II “Acio” ?aaioaao oeao ii
na?iieeneioiie noaia n iieo/aieai aioiaiai i?iaeoeoa, eiathuaai niaea?
aeaiea ieoaoaeueiuo aauanoa NPK = 11:11:11. Ia Iiaai?iaeneii II “Acio”,
?innioaineii II “Ieioaeia?aiey”, Aei?iaiaoaeneii CAO e Ee?iai-*aiaoe-
eii caaiaea ?aaeeciaaia noaia iieo/aiey neiaeiuo oaeia?aiee n eniieueci
aaieai aeey ?aceiaeaiey aiaoeoa neaaie acioiie eeneiou e iieo/aieai a
ea/anoaa iiai/iiai i?iaeoeoa aiiea/iie naeeo?u. A ?innee aeaenoaoao
oaeaea i?iecaiaenoai neiaeiuo oaeia?aiee, i?aaieci aaiiia ia aaca
eniieueciaaiey yeno?aeoeeiiiie oinoi?iie eeneiou.
EAEEEIUA OAeIA?AIEss (OEI?ENOUE EAEEE)
I?iecaiaenoai eaeeeiuo oaeia?aiee a ?innee i?aaieciaaii ia O?aea ia
aaca Aa?oia-Eaineiai ianoi?iaeaeaiey, ia aeieth eioi?iai i?eoiaeeony 84%
?acaaaeaiiuo caiania eaeeeiuo nieae a ?uaoai NNN?. A ianoiyuaa a?aiy
ia aaca yoiai ianoi?iaeaeaiey ?aaioatho i?iecaiaenoaaiiia iauaaeeiaiea
“Neeueaeieo”, ?aniieiaeaiiia a a.Nieeeainea, e i?iecaiaenoaaiiia
iauaaeeiaiea “O?aeeaeee”, ?aniieiaeaiiia a ?aeiia a.Aa?acie-ee.
Noiia?iay iiuiinoue yoeo iauaaeeiaiee ninoaaeyao 5,8 iei. o KzO. Ii
“Neeueaeieo” yaeyaony noa?aeoei i?aaei?eyoeai, aaiae ia?aie oaoou
eioi?iai aue i?iecaaaeai a ia/aea 30-o aiaeia. A ianoiyuaa a?aiy a
ninoaaa yoiai iauaaeeiaiey aeaenoaotho 3 oaoou, noiia?iie
iiuiinoueth 2,42 iei. o E.20. Aaiae aoi?ie e o?aoueae oaoo aue
inouanoaeai niioaaonoaaiii a 1974 e 1984 aiaeao. No?ieoaeuenoai II
“O?aeeaeee” auei ia/aoi a na?aaeeia 50-o aiaeia. Ia?aay oaooa auea
aaaaeaia a 1954 a., aoi?ay—a 1970—71 aa., o?aouey—a 1974—75 aa. e
/aoaa?oay—a 1989 aiaeo. Noiia?iay i?iaeoiay iiuiinoue yoiai iauaaeeiaiey
ninoaaeyao 3,4 iei. o KzO. A iineaaeiea aiaeu iaiaoeeny niaae
i?iecaiaenoaa oei?enoiai eaeey ia yoeo iauaaeeiaieyo, /oi a
cia/eoaeueiie noaiaie iauyniyaony nie?auaieai cayaie ia aai i?eia?aoaiea
ni noi?iiu naeueneioicyenoaaiiuo iio?aaeoaeae aioo?e no?aiu ec-ca
cia/eoaeueiiai ?inoa oeai. Oaeoi?ii, naea?aeeaathuei
i?iecaiaenoai, yaeyaony ?aoaiea aii?inia ia?a?aaioee aaeeoiauo iooiaeia.
Iaeiaei, ii n?aaiaieth n i?aaei?eyoeyie ii i?iecaiaenoao oei?enoiai
eaeey a Aaea?one, yoe aii?inu ia O?aea ?aoathony aieaa oniaoii, oae
eae cia/eoaeueiay /anoue aaeeoiauo iooiaeia eniieuecoaony aeey iieo/aiey
oaoie/aneie niee, a aeaeueiaeoai iai?aaeyaiie a aeaea ?anniea ia
iieo/aiea niaeu, a oaeaea aeey caeeaaeee au?aaioie a oaooao,
98
AEOeEIIA?IIA IAUANOAI “AE?II” (AUAOAA IIAAI?IAeNEIA
II “ACIO”
Aae?an: ?INNEss, 173012. a. Iiaai?iae Oaeaen: 237116 Oaeaoaei: 237159
IAOAI oaen: (81600) 78115
A ianoiyuaa a?aiy ?aoaaony aii?in ia aeoeeiie?iaaiee i?aaei?eyoey.
Aaieianeea ?aeaeceou: ?an/aoiue n/ao N 000246901 OEA Iiaiaaiea a.
Iiaai?iaea, IOI 223434
?oeiaiaenoai i?aaei?eyoey e eiioaeoiua ie. aoiiu:
I?aceaeaio—Eaaiia Aaea?ee Aiaoieueaae/, oae. 96666 Aeaaiue
eiaeaia?—Aaaei TH?ee Aeaenaaae/, oae. 96555’ Cai. ii
eiiia?/aneei aii?inai—?o/eei Aaaaiee Aaneeueaae/, oae. 96300
Cai. ii yeiiiieea—Na?aaaa Na?aae Aeaenaiae?iae/, oae. 96297
?aniieiaeaiea i?aaei?eyoey:
I?aaei?eyoea ?aniieiaeaii a a. Iiaai?iaea, a 170 ei e
thai-ainoieo io a. Naieo-Iaoa?ao?aa. ?aeii aie?oa a. Iiaai?iaea
iauyaeai naiaiae iie yeiiiie/aneie ciiie ?acaeoey.
E?aoeay enoi?e/aneay ni?aaea:
1969 a.—aaaaeaia ia?aay i/a?aaeue ii i?iecaiaenoao aiieaea iiuiinoueth
202 oun. o/aiae; 1975 a.—aaaaeaia 2-y i/a?aaeue aiieaea iiuiinoueth 450
oun. o/aiae; 1979 a.—aaaaeaia 3-y i/a?aaeue aiieaea iiuiinoueth 450 oun.
o/aiae; 1969-1970 aa.—aaaaeaii a yenieoaoaoeeth i?iecaiaenoai ea?aaieaea
iiuiinoueth 360 oun. o/aiae; 1976 e 1979 aa.—aaaaeaiu a no?ie
i?iecaiaenoaa aiiea/iie naeeo?u iiuiinoueth 900 oun. o/aiae; 1976
a.—aaaaeaii a no?ie i?iecaiaenoai ieo?ioinee iiuiinoueth 1000 oun.
Oaiae; 1982, 1983 aa.—aaaaeaii a no?ie i?iecaiaenoai ieo?iaiiioinee
iiuiinoueth 1100 oun. o/aiae.
I?iaeoeoeey i?aaei?eyoey: • aiieae, • iaoaiie,
• ea?aaieae, • aiiea/iay naeeo?a, •
ieo?iaiiioinea, • acioiay eeneioa, •
ea?aaieaeiua niieu, oenoniay eeneioa, iieeaeieeaoeaoao-
iay yioeueney e ae?.
.•^^^Svl-.^:.- ,
99
•:v-^Q^^
‘ ^-c-^^AOaEa&.eEa
oaeia?aiee aoaeao oaaee/eaaoueny, a iniiaiii, aeaaiaea?y
oaaee/aieth iio?aaeaiey a ?acaeaathueony no?aiao. Iaeei ec enoi/ieeia
ioeaieaaao ?ino ie?iauo i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo iiuiinoae a 1,5% a aiae aei
eiioea oaeouaai aeanyoeeaoey, ii n?aaiaieth n 1—1,5% — aeey
iai?aaie/aneeo i?iaeoeoia 4—4,5% — aeey iaooaoeie/aneeo i?iaeoeoia,
2—2.5% — aeey eneonnoaaiiuo aieieii, 6—7% — aeey oa?iaoeaaoe/aneeo
i?aia?aoia e 4,5—5,57 — aeey ae?oaeo oeie/aneeo i?iaeoeoia
e?eaaic!’:!»^^?^!»^’:^^pK^’^i^Ni^^’^^^r”^^?aaeii199). a.1993 a.1995
a.2000 a.Oaaee/aiea ca aiae a ia?eiae n 1989/90 ii 1995/96 aa.Ainoi/iay
Aa?iia20119198361945918982-1,8%Caiaaeiay Aa?iia4594654079S79-00-1 / E .’
•)NNN?20500217002300025600-1,1% ?Naaa?iay
Aia?eea20812211082143921960+0.4%Eaoeineay Aia?eea79838619958110629+
2,4%Ieaaiey1752198821572415+2.8%Ao?eea2781309033303836+ 4,2%Aeeaeiee
Ainoie5481640470598044+ 4,9%THaeiay Acey16139174881872721535+
4,2%Aeaeueiee Ainoie8193867791059933+2,1%Nioeeaeenoe/aneay
Acey27645292703090033210+ 2,8%Eoiai aeey anaai
ie?a135999144720152744165844+1,1%
Enoi/iee: Aa?iiaeneay yeiiiie/aneay eiienney, Aaeaaiaeiue iaci? ii
oeie/aneie i?iiuoeaiiinoe. I?aaiecaoeey Iauaaeeiaiiuo iaoeee, 1992 a.,
no?.19 (aeaiiua i?aaeinoaaeaiu Iaaeaeoia?iaeiie annioeeaoeeae
i?iiuoeaiiinoe ii i?iecaiaenoao ieia?aeueiuo oaeia?aiee; aeaiiua aeey
iaeioi?uo ?aaeiiia—n na?aaeeiu iaeiiai aiaea aei na?aaeeiu
neaaeothuaai).
Iaeeaeaaony, /oi iniaaiii auno?i aoaeao ?anoe ni?in ia acioiua
oaeia?aiey, eioi?ue oaaee/eony aei aieaa /ai 90 iei. oiii (a ia?an/aoa
ia ieoaoaeueiua aauanoaa) e 2000 aiaeo. Yoi oaaee/aiea oaeaea
i?iecieaeao a cia/eoaeueiie noaiaie ca n/ao ?acaeaathueony no?ai, a
eioi?uo iio?aaeaiea acioiuo oaeia?aiee a ia?eiae n 1980 ii 1990 a.
oaaee/eeinue aieaa /ai ia 60%. Auno?i ?anoouee ni?in a Acee, ia eioi?ue
aoaeao i?eoiaeeoueny aieaa 70% anaai oaaee/aiey ni?ina a neaaeothuai
aeanyoeeaoee, aoaeao ieacuaaoue nouanoaaiiia aeeyiea eae ia oi?aiaeth
ea?aaieaeii, oae e ia no?oeoo?o eaieoaeiaeiaeaiee a iiuiinoe ii
i?iecaiaenoao ea?aaieaea. Yoio ?aaeii, aa?iyoii, inoaiaony e?oiiaeoei
258
IIO?AAEAIEA OAeIA?AIEE A IE?A AeI 200G A. Eeee. o ieoaoaeueiuo
aauanoa)
1N
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