IINEIANEEE YIA?AAOE*ANEEE EINOEOOO
( OAOIE*ANEEE OIEAA?NEOAO )
Eaoaae?a « Oeeinioee »
?aoa?ao
ia oaio «A?enoioaeue ia yoeea»
Niaea?aeaiea.
No?.
Anooieaiea. Aioe/iay oeeinioey.
AEeciue e oai?/anoai A?enoioaey.
Yoeea.
Yoe/aneea ni/eiaiey A?enoioaey.
Cia/aiea yoeee aeey A?enoioaey.
O/aiee i?ioea o/eoaey.
Aeia?iaeaoaeue.
Caeeth/aiea.
Nienie eniieuecoaiie eeoa?aoo?u.
Aioe/iay oeeinioey.
Aioe/iay oeeinioey i?aaenoaaeyao niaie niaieoiiinoue oeeinioneeo
o/aiee, ?acaeaaaoeony a ae?aaiaa?a/aneii ?aaiaeaaeaeue/aneii iauanoaa n
eiioea VII aaea aei iaoae y?u e a ae?aaia?eineii ?aaiaeaaeaeue/aneii
iauanoaa, ia/eiay ni II aaea aei iaoae y?u aieioue aei ia/aea VI aaea
iaoae y?u.
Aioe/iay oeeinioey – aaeeiia e naiaia?aciia yaeaiea a ?acaeoee
oeeinioneiai niciaiey /aeiaa/anoaa. Iia neeaaeuaaeanue ia iniiaa
ia?aianaiiuo n Ainoiea a a?a/aneea ai?iaea ca/aoeia ano?iiiie/aneeo,
iaoaiaoe/aneeo e ae?oaeo ciaiee, a ?acoeueoaoa ia?a?aaioee ae?aaiae
ieoieiaee a eneonnoaa e iiycee, a ?acoeueoaoa eciaiaiey i?aaenoaaeaiee i
i?e?iaea e /aeiaaea a ioee/ea io ieoieiaee. Oaea a V aaea aei iaoae y?u
aicieeee oeeinioneea einiiaiie/aneea nenoaiu, a eioi?uo ieo ea?aao ?ieue
ia noieueei iniiaiiai aicc?aiey, neieueei ia?aciiai n?aaenoaa au?aaeaiey
iunee. A VI aaea e aeaaea a V aaea aei iaoae y?u oeeinioey e ciaiea i
i?e?iaea ia auee ioaeaeaiu ae?oa io ae?oaa. *enei aicieeaaoeo aeiioac
auei i/aiue aaeeei, oae eae ionoonoaiaaee niiniau yenia?eiaioaeueiie
i?iaa?ee. Aeey oeeinioee yoi iiiaeanoai aeiioac icia/aei iiiaiia?acea
oeiia oeeinioneiai iauyniaiey ie?a. Yoi iiiaiia?acea e aunieee o?iaaiue
?ac?aaioee aeiioac naeaeaee Aioe/ioth oeeinioeth oeieie oeeinioneiai
iuoeaiey aeey iineaaeothueo a?aiai e iieieaiee.
Enoiaeiie oi/eie ?acaeoey Aioe/iie oeeinioee aue oeeinioneee
iaoa?eaeeci. Oaean, Aiaeneiaiae?, Aiaeneiai, Aa?aeeeo iieaaaee, /oi ana
aaue i?iecioee ec eaeiai – oi iaeiiai, e i?eoii aauanoaaiiiai ia/aea.
Oioy eo iiaiey auee ?acee/iuie. Oaean n/eoae, /oi a iniiaa anaai eaaeeo
aiaea, ec iaa ana aicieeaao e a iaa ana i?aa?auaaony. Aiaeneiaiae?
iieaaae, /oi a iniiaa auoey eaaeeo ii?aaeaeaiiia iaoaiaoe/aneia /enei –
aiae?ii, a Aiaeneiai – aicaeoo. Aa?aeeeo – «ioaoe aeeaeaeoeee » –
aeoiae, /oi iaiiue yaeyaony iniiaie auoey e ie?a. Iaeiaei aioo?e yoie
iaoa?eaeenoe/aneie iniiau ?aii iaiaoeeenue ioaeaeueiua aicc?aiey,
eioi?ua aiineaaenoaee i?eaaee e aicieeiiaaieth eaeaaeecia. Yeaiaiou
?aneiea ia iaoa?eaeenoe/aneea e eaeaaeenoe/aneea iai?aaeaiey iiyaeeenue
oaea o naiuo ?aiieo a?a/aneeo iuneeoaeae. Yoe yeaiaiou i?aa?aoeeenue ai
aoi?ie iieiaeia V e aoi?ie iieiaeia IV aaea aei iaoae y?u a
i?ioeaiiieiaeiinoue iaoa?eaeecia e eaeaaeecia.
Ia iaiaa ynii aunooiaao a Aioe/iie oeeinioee i?ioeaiiieiaeiinoue
aeeaeaeoe/aneiai e iaoa?eaeenoe/aneiai iaoiaeia iuoeaiey. Ii – nouanoao,
iiiaea ia?aua a?a/aneea oeeiniou auee aeeaeaeoeeaie e ?anniao?eaaee
i?e?iaeoeae oeaeia e ai acaeiiaeaenoaee e nayce aa yaeaiee. Ca ouny/o n
eeoiei eao ?acaeoey Aioe/iie oeeinioee iaoa?eaeeci e eaeaaeeci,
aeeaeaeoeea e iaoaoeceea, neiaeeaoeany a ae?aaiaa?a/aneie oeeinioee,
i?aoa?iaee neiaeioth yaiethoeeth, io?aaeaaooth aeeaeaeoeeo ?acaeoey
naiiai iauanoaa.
Iaoa?eaeeci a Aioe/iie oeeinioee ?acaeaaee Yiiaaeiee, Aiaenaai?,
Eaaeeii, Aeaiie?eo e, iicaeiaa, Yieeo?. Iiyaeyaony iiiai
iaoa?eaeenoe/aneeo oeeinioneeo o/aiee. Aeaoa?ieieci – o/aiea, ii
eioi?iio ana a ie?a i?ienoiaeeo ii ii?aaeaeaiiie i?e/eia, oi anoue ana a
ie?a iaoneiaeaii (iniiaiiiaeiee o/aiey – Aeaiie?eo). Ieth?aeeci
(iiiaeanoaaiiinoue) – oeeinioneia o/aiea, eioi?ia ?anniao?eaaao a iniiaa
auoey ianeieueei iacaaeneiuo ia/ae (o Yiiaaeieea yoi – iaiiue, caiey,
aiaea e aicaeoo; o Aiaenaai?a – naiaia, eioi?ua iaaeatho ec einiina ia
caieth e ia?acotho ie?oaeathuee ie?). A eeoea Nie?aoa e, iniaaiii,
Ieaoiia neiaeeeinue o/aiea oeeinioneiai eaeaaeecia. N yoiai a?aiaie a
Aioe/iie oeeinioee ynii iaia?oaeeaathony aeaa ai?thueany iaaeaeo niaie
iniiaiua eeiee ?acaeoey: iaoa?eaeeci e eaeaaeeci. Eioaineaiie auea
ai?ueaa iaaeaeo oeieaie yieeo?aecia e noieoeecia, a o/aiey eioi?uo,
iaoa?eaeenoe/aneea a naiae iniiaa, ana aieaa oe?iei i?iieeaee eaeae
eaeaaeecia. Ia ia?aia ianoi n?aaee aii?inia oeeinioee auaeaeaathony
aii?inu yoeee, iie?athuaeny, iaeiaei ia o/aiea i i?e?iaea e oai?eth
iiciaiey e iuoeaiey. Oeeinioneea oeieu i?aa?auathony a caieiooua
niae?oaeanoaa ethaeae, iauaaeeiaiiuo iiauoaiiui eioa?anii e aii?inai
yoeee e ainieoaiey. Iaeiia?aiaiii eciaiyaony niioiioaiea iaaeaeo
oeeinioeae e niaoeeaeueiuie iaoeaie, iiyaeyaony iiaue oei eeoa?aoo?u –
niaoeeaeueiie, aeinooiiie oieueei iiaeaioiaeaiiui. A yiioo ?eineie
Eiia?ee, iaino?aiey e?ecena ?aaiaeaaeaeue/aneiai iauanoaa oneeeaaaony
no?aieaiea e ?aeeaeiciinoe. N Ainoiea ia Caiaae i?iieeaao e
?ani?ino?aiyaony aieia ?aeeaeiciuo eoeueoia e o/aiee. Naia oeeinioey
noaiiaeony ?aeeaeiciie, a aiaeioi?uo o/aieyo aeaaea ienoe/aneie. A 529
aiaeo eiia?aoi? THnoeieai ecaeae aeae?ao i cae?uoee oeeinioneeo oeie a
Aoeiao.Ii aua aei yoiai aeae?aoa iniiaiie e?oa eaeae Aioe/iie oeeinioee
caaa?oee naia ?acaeoea.
Iiaeaiaey eoia, iiaeii auaeaeeoue ianeieueei iniiaiuo iniaaiiinoae
Aioe/iie oeeinioee:
A?a/aneay oeeinioey ooiaeeo naieie ei?iyie a eoeueoo?o Ae?aaiaai
Ainoiea.
A A?aoeee ia auei eiio?iey ae?a/anoaa eae ia Ainoiea. Iiyoiio iiae
aeaenoaeai naiaiaeiiuneey e naiaiaeiaeaenoaee ciaiey i?aia?aciauaaeenue
a ioaeaeueiua iaoee.
Oeeinioey ia yaeyeanue ioaeaeueiie iaoeie, a ?acaeaaeanue a iaoeao i
iaaeeoeeia, i?e?iaea, oeceea, yoeea, ynoaoeea e ae?oaeo.
Aioe/iay oeeinioneay iuneue ii?iaeeea ianeieueei iai?aaeaiee:
iaoo?oeeinioeth, iaiieaoiieci, aeoaeeci e ae?oaea, a aioe/iay iaoea –
?yae iaoe.
Auneacuaaiea aeiioac e eaeae i?ioiaeeei ia iniiaa iaaethaeaiee, a ia
i?aeoeee.
AEeciue e oai?/anoai A?enoioaey.
A?enoioaeue – aaee/aeoee ec ae?aaiaa?a/aneeo oeeinioia, iniiaiiieiaeiee
aeoaeecia, « ioaoe eiaeee », o/aiee e ?aoeoaeueiue i?ioeaiee Ieaoiia. Ii
?iaeeeny a 384 aiaeo aei iaoae y?u a Noaae?a – ai?iaea ia naaa?i –
caiaaeiii iiaa?aaeuea Yaaeneiai ii?y. Aai ioaoe – Ieeiiao aue
i?eaeai?iui a?a/ii iaeaaeiineiai oea?y Aieiou III. Ii nui ia
oianeaaeiaae aeieaeiinoue iooea. A naiiaaeoeaoeeaoiai aic?anoa
A?enoioaeue i?eacaeaao a Aoeiu, aaea noaiiaeony o/aieeii Ieaoiia. A aai
aeaaeaiee ii i?iaue aei nia?oe o/eoaey. Ii enoa/aiee 10 eao iinea
nia?oe Ieaoiia A?enoioaeue iieeaeaao Aoeiu. Ii iiiai iooaoanoaoao.
Oeeeii Iaeaaeiineee i?eaeaoaao oeeinioa aeey iao/aiey Aeaenaiae?a –
naiaai nuia. Aeaenaiae? Iaeaaeiineee ethaee A?enoioaey e iacuaae aai
naiei « aoi?ui iooeii ». A?enoioaeue ia aue niaeanai n iieeoeeie
Iaeaaeiineiai e ii enoa/aiee iaeioi?iai a?aiaie iieeioe aai e aa?ioeny a
Aoeiu. Caeanue ii nicaeaao naith oeieo, iieo/eaooth iacaaiea Eeiae, ii
eiaie o?aia Aiieeiia Eeiaeneiai, aaeece eioi?iai e iaoiaeeeanue yoa
oeiea. I?e oeiea aue naae n aaea?ayie aeey i?iaoeie ( peripatos ), e
iineieueeo caiyoey i?ioiaeeee oai, oeiea iieo/eea iacaaiea «
ia?eiaoe/aneie », a i?eiaaeeaaeauea e iae noaee iacuaaoueny
«ia?eiaoaoeeaie». Aoi?ie aoeineee ia?eiae aue a?aiaiai ieii/aoaeueiiai
ioi?ieaiey nenoaiu aicc?aiey A?enoioaey e iiaeaaaeaiey eoiaia. Ia
iaiueoaa cia/aiea eiaei i?aiiaeaaaiea a Eeiaa, i?eaeaeaaoaa
iiiai/eneaiiuo o/aieeia. Nia?oue Aeaenaiae?a Iaeaaeiineiai aucaaea
aioeiaeaaeiineia ainnoaiea a Aoeiao. A?enoioaeue, ecaanoiue nnaieie
iaeaaeiineeie neiiaoeyie, aue iaaeiai a « aacaiaeee » e ecaiai. Oeeinio
auioaeaeai aue aaaeaoue a Oaeeeaeo ia ino?ia Yaaay, aaea o iaai auei
iiianouea. Eaoii 322 aiaea ii oia?.
Aii?in i o?iiieiae/aneie iineaaeiaaoaeueiinoe i?iecaaaeaiee A?enoioaey
/?acau/aeii o?oaeai, iineieueeo iie ianoo ioia/aoie ?aciia?aiaiiinoe.
Iaeiaei, ianiiiaiii, /oi aai aieaa ?aiiea i?iecaaaeaiey i?iieeioou
ieaoiieciii. Aeeaeia « Yaaeai » eee « I aeooa » niaea?aeeo
aeieacaoaeuenoaa aannia?oey aeooe, noiaeiua n a?aoiaioaie Ieaoiia.
Neaaeoy Ieaoiio, ii «i?iaicaeaoaao aeooo oi?iie, e iioiio oaaeeo caeanue
oao, eoi ?anniao?eaaao aa eae ianoi?iaeaeaiea eaeae»1.
Ae?oaia e?oiiia ni/eiaiea, aeioaaeuaa aei ian a cia/eoaeueiii /enea
o?aaiaioia – «I?io?aioee» ( «Oaauaiea» – a iineaaenoaea ?ani?ino?aiaiiue
aeai? oeeinioneeo i?iecaaaeaiee, i?eaeaoathueo e eco/aieth oeeinioee e
iiaoaeaeathueo e nica?oeaieth aeecie ). A?enoioaeue, ?acaeaeyy aua
ieaoiiianeoth oai?eth eaeae, aunoei aeaaii i?iaicaeaoae «iuoeaiea». Yoi
neiai ii oiio?aaeyao a cia/aiee i?iieeiiaaiey oeeinioneiai oia a aunooth
?aaeueiinoue – ie? eaeae.
Eeoue a ni/eiaiee «I oeeinioee», ioiineiii iaeioi?uie enneaaeiaaoaeyie
ei aoi?iio ia?eiaea oai?/anoaa A?enoioaey, iaia?oaeeaathony nouanoaaiiua
ioeeiiaiey io ieaoiiecia. Oae, ii e?eoeeoao oai?eth eaeae, naiaey eaeae
e iaoaiaoe/aneei /eneai. A yoii aea ni/eiaiee ii ienae i aeaieiii
i?ienoiaeaeaiee aa?u a aiaia /a?ac aaeioiiaaiey ienoiaeyuea ia aeooo ai
nia, e /a?ac iaaethaeaiea oii?yaei/aiiiai aeaeaeaiey naaoee. A naiai
i?iecaaaeaiee «Ainoaea?noai» Ieaoii oiiaeiaee iao ie? iaua?a, a eioi?ie
neaeyo i?eeiaaiiua ieaiieee, aeaeyuea ia?aae niaie eeoue oaie aauae,
nouanoaothueo a « iiaeeeiiii » ie?a, oi anoue a ie?a eaeae. Ocieee
ie/aai ia ciatho i iiaeeeiiii ie?a. A?enoioaeue aea aiai?eo, /oi
iaeoaoaee naiie i?ae?aniie e aeaaiono?iaiiie iaua?u, oieueei neuoaaoea i
aiaao, eeoue aueaey ia iiaa?oiinoue caiee e oc?aa e?anioo caiiiai ie?a,
«aeaenoaeoaeueii iiaa?yo a oi, /oi anoue aiae, e, /oi ana yoi –
i?iecaaaeaiea aiaia»2. Oaeei ia?acii, ia nica?oeaiea cai?aaeaeueiiai
ie?a eaeae, a iaaethaeaiea e enneaaeiaaiea iaoaai, caiiiai ie?a aaaeao e
aunoae enoeia. Yoi ?acee/ea oai?aoe/aneeo onoaiiaie Ieaoiia e A?enoioaey
ninoaaeei aeaaioth iniiao eo ?anoiaeaeaiey.
C?aeua i?iecaaaeaiey A?enoioaey aeaeyony o?aaeeoeeiiii ia ainaiue a?oii:
1. Eiae/aneea o?oaeu: “Eaoaai?ee”, “Ia enoieeiaaiee”, “Aiaeeoeee ia?aay
e aoi?ay”, “Oiieea”, “I nioenoe/aneeo ii?iaa?aeaieyo”.
2. Oeeinioey i?e?iaeu: “Oeceea” a 8-ie eieaao, “I iaaa” a 4-o eieaao, “I
aicieeiiaaiee e oie/oiaeaiee” a 2-o eieaao,” “I iaaaniuo yaeaieyo” a 4-o
eieaao.
3.Ineoieiaey: “I aeooa” a 3-o eieaao, a oaeaea “Iaeua o?oaeu ii
anoanoaiciaieth”, aeeth/athuea o?aeoaou: “I aii?eyoee e
aini?eieiaaiii”, “I iaiyoe e ainiiieiaiee”, “I nia”, “I aanniiieoea”, “I
aaeioiiaaiee ai nia”, “I aeeeoaeueiinoe e e?aoeinoe aeecie”, “I aeecie e
nia?oe”, “I aeuoaiee”.
4. Aeieiae/aneea o?oaeu: “I /anoyo aeeaioieuo”, “I aeaeaeaiee
aeeaioiuo”, “I ia?aaeaeaeaiee aeeaioiuo”, “I i?ienoiaeaeaiee aeeaioiuo”.
Oaeaea anoue ?yae o?aeoaoia, iaienaiiuo a oeiea A?enoioaey, aaoi?u
eioi?uo ia onoaiiaeaiu. Aaaeiaeoee ec ieo – “I?iaeaiu”, aaea
?anniaoeaaathony aii?inu oeceieiaee e iaaeeoeeiu, a oaeaea iaoaiaoeee,
iioeee, iocuee.
5. Ia?aay oeeinioey: ni/eiaiea a 14-oe eieaao, iieo/eaoaa iacaaiea
“Iaoaoeceea”.
6. Yoeea: “Ieeiiaoiaa yoeea” a 10-oe eieaao, “Aieueoay yoeea” a 2-o
eieaao, “Aaaeaiiaa yoeea”, ec eioi?ie ia/aoathony ioaeaeueiua eieae.
7. Iieeoeea e yeiiiieea: “Iieeoeea” a 8-ie eieaao, “ Yeiiiieea” a 3-o
eieaao. A oeiea A?enoioaey auei iienaii ainoaea?noaaiiia ono?ienoai 158
a?a/aneeo ai?iaeia-ainoaea?noa. A 1890a. aue iaeaeai iaie?on n oaenoii
“Aoeineie iieeoeee” A?enoioaey.
Ni/eiaiey A?enoioaey nio?aieeenue, iiaeii neacaoue, /oaeii. Aei I aaea
i.y. iie i?iaeieaeaee a iiaecaiiii eieaio?aieeeua, a caoai iiiaee a
aeaeeioaeo Aiaeeeeiia Oainneiai a Aoeiao. Caoai iie ieacaeenue a ?eia,
aaea e auee ecaeaiu aeaaie oiaaeaoieo ia?eiaoaoeeia Aiae?ieeii
?iaeinneei.
Oaea ia?a/aiue i?iecaaaeaiee A?enoioaey iieacuaaao yieoeeeeiiaaee/iinoue
aai o/aiey. A iai ia oieueei ioaa/aiu ana iaeanoe oiaaeaoiaai ciaiey, ii
e i?iecaaaeaia aai ia?ae/iay eeanneoeeaoeey, oae /oi aia?aua ec
oeeinioee eae oaeiaie auaeaeaiu niaoeeaeueiua iaoee.
Y O E E A.
Yoe/aneea ni/eiaiey A?enoioaey.
N eiaiai A?enoioaey naycuaathony o?e ni/eiaiey ii yoeea: “Ieeiiaoiaa
yoeea”, “Aaaeaiiaa yoeea” e “Aieueoay yoeea”. Aii?in i i?eiaaeeaaeiinoe
yoeo ni/eiaiee A?enoioaeth ana aua yaeyaony i?aaeiaoii aeeneonnee. A
ianoiyuaa a?aiy iiaeeeiiui o?aeoaoii i?eciaaony eeoue “Ieeiiaoiaa
yoeea”. Ioiineoaeueii “Aaaeaiiaie yoeee” iiaiey ?anoiaeyony: iaeie
enneaaeiaaoaee n/eoatho aaoi?ii i?iecaaaeaiey Aaaeaia ?iaeinneiai,
o/aieea A?enoioaey, ae?oaea n/eoatho, /oi ii eeoue ?aaeaeoe?iaae
?oeiienue naiaai o/eoaey iinea aai nia?oe. Noaey ii niaea?aeaieth,
aaoi?ii “Aieueoie yoeee” yaeyaony iaeei ec o/aieeia A?enoioaey , eiy
eioi?iai inoaeinue iaecaanoiui. Aa?iyoii iiaiea, niaeanii eioi?iio
yoe/aneea ni/eiaiey A?enoioaey io?aaeaeoe?iaaiu iinea aai nia?oe
nuiiaueyie, Ieeiiaoii e Aaaeaiii.
I?aaenoaaeyao o?oaeiinoe aii?in i o?iiieiae/aneie iineaaeiaaoaeueiinoe
aoiaeyueo a o?aeoaou ”eiea”. Enneaaeiaaoaee (A.Eaaa?) iieaaatho, /oi
“Ieeiiaoiaa yoeea”, a oaeaea iaeioi?ua /anoe “Iaoaoeceee” e “Iieeoeee”
auee iaienaiu A?enoioaeai a iineaaeiee ia?eiae aai aeecie e
aeayoaeueiinoe, o.a. n 336 ii 322 a.aei i.y.
A yoi a?aiy ii iiaeaa?aaao e?eoeea oai?eth eaeae Ieaoiia e ?acaeaaao
o/aiea i oi?ia e iaoa?ee, eceiaeaiiia a ?aiieo /anoyo “Iaoaoeceee” , a
oaeaea oi?ie?oao eaeath i aaeeinoaa aeooe e oaea. Ii auaeaaaaao oai?eth,
niaeanii eioi?ie acaeiiioiioaiey aeooe e oaea aiaeiae/ii ioiioaieth
oi?iu e iaoa?ee, eiaaea i?eaeaao niune e oeaeue aeecie.
Iniiaie yoeee A?enoioaey neoaeeo ineoieiaey. Yoeea eco/aao
eiaeeaeaeoaeueiia iiaaaeaiea /aeiaaea, aai iieeoeeo, yaeyaony ii
i?aeiouanoao nioeeaeueii-iieeoe/aneie yoeeie, o.a. iaeanoueth ciaiee,
enneaaeothuae i?aanoaaiiua caaea/e a?aaeaeaieia e ainoaea?noaa, aii?inu
ainieoaiey oi?ioeo a?aaeaeai e caaiou ia iauai aeaaa.
Yoeea A?enoioaey caieiaao n?aaeiaa iieiaeaiea iaaeaeo aai ineoieiaeae e
iieeoeeie.
Cia/aiea yoeee aeey A?enoioaey.
E /eneo caneoa A?enoioaey ioiinyony ii?aaeaeaiea e eeanneoeeaoeey
iaoe, aeaeia ciaiey. Ii ?acaeaeee iaoee ia o?e aieueoea a?oiiu:
oai?eoe/aneea (oiic?eoaeueiua”), i?aeoe/aneea (i?iecaiaeeoaeueiua) e
oai?/aneea (niceaeaoaeueiua). E ia?aui Noaae?eo ioian oeeinioeth,
iaoaiaoeeo e oeceeo; ii aoi?ui – yoeeo e iieeoeeo, a e o?aoueei –
eneonnoai, ?aianea e i?eeeaaeiua iaoee.
Oeeinioey – iaeaieaa oiic?eoaeueiay ec iaoe; iia enneaaeoao oi, /oi
iaeaieaa aeinoieii iiciaiey – “ia?aiia/aea e i?e/eiu, eai /a?ac ieo e ia
eo iniiaa iiciaaony ana inoaeueiia”*. Ii A?enoioaeth, iaoea oeaiiaa oai,
/ai aieaa iia nica?oeaoaeueia. “Nica?oeaoaeueiay aeeciue” – yoi aeeciue,
/oaeaeay ei?uniethaeauo ?an/aoia e auaiae, yoi aunoay oi?ia oecie. Iia
iinayuaia iiciaieth, iieneo enoeiu, o.a. i?aaenoaaeyao niaie aunoee aeae
aeooiaii-oai?/aneie aeayoaeueiinoe. Eeoue a i?ioeana yoie aeayoaeueiinoe
/aeiaae iiaeao i?eaeeceoueny e aaciyoaaeiiio n/anoueth, e /enoiio
aeaaeainoao, eioi?ia aeinooiii eeoue aiaai. Aeey aioe/iuo iuneeoaeae
iiciaieai yaeyaony ioiioaiea /aeiaaea e ie?o, ioiioaiea iee?ieiniina e
iae?ieiniino, onoaiiaeaiea nayce n ia?aiii/aeii. Iiciaiea anaiauaai
icia/aao iaoiaeaeaiea ca iiiaiia?aceai aauae e yaeaiee eo iauaai
i?eioeeia, aeaaainoaothuaai ia/aea.
A?enoioaeue – nui naiaai aaea e ia?iaea. Ii “i?e?iaeaeaiiue”
eioaeeaeooaeeno. Aeey iaai ?acoi ninoaaeyao iniiao iiciaaaoaeueiie e
anyeie eiie aeayoaeueiinoe /aeiaaea e aai ioee/eoaeueiue i?eciae.
A?enoioaeue n/eoae, /oi ?acoi ninoaaeyao enoeiioth nouiinoue /aeiaaea,
ioee/eoaeueiue i?eciae aai aeecie e eiaeeaeaeoaeueiinoe. Ethaee,
eiathuea iiuo e iaauee a i?iecaiaenoaaiiie i?aeoeea i?aoniaaatho
aieueoa, /ai oa eoi iaeaaeaao /enoi oai?aoe/aneeie ciaieyie a yoie aea
iaeanoe, ii iineaaeieo ii/eoatho aieueoa, /ai ia?auo, iiaeiaii oiio eae
“ iu e ianoaaieeia a eaaeaeii aeaea ii/eoaai aieueoa, iieaaay, /oi iie
aieueoa ciatho, /ai ?aianeaiieee, e ioae?aa eo, oae eae iie ciatho
i?e/eiu oiai, /oi nicaeaaony”*. A?enoioaeue i?eoiaeeo e auaiaeo i oii,
/oi ciaiea oai oeaiiaa, /ai aieaa iii oai?aoe/ii e ia naycaii n
iieo/aieai auaiaeu. Iiyoiio “oiic?eoaeueiua “ iaoee auoa niceaeathueo, a
oai?aoe/aneay aeayoaeueiinoue auoa i?aeoe/aneie, iai?eia?, iieeoe/aneie.
Aioe/iay iaoea i?eaioe?iaaia ia ia iaeaaeaiea neeaie i?e?iaeu, o.a. ia
ia eniieueciaaiea ciaiee a i?aeoe/aneo oeaeyo, a ia iiciaiea anaiauaai
ie?iaiai no?iy aauae, ia iniuneaiea iauanoaaiiuo ioiioaiee, ia
ainieoaiea a?aaeaeai e ?aaoee?iaaiea eo acaeiiioiioaiee e iiaaaeaiey, ia
aeinoeaeaiea yoe/aneiai eaeaaea. Ai aoi?oth i/a?aaeue iaoea enneaaeoao
yoe/aneea e iieeoe/aneea i?iaeaiu, e eeoue a o?aoueth i/a?aaeue iia
caieiaaony i?iaeaiaie eneonnoaa, ?aianea e i?eeeaaeiuo iaoe. Neiai
“i?aeoeea” eniieuecoaony o A?enoioaey a oe?ieii niunea, a ia ocei – eae
aeayoaeueiinoue ii iieo/aieth iaoa?eaeueiuo auaiae.
A ae?aaiinoe “yoeea” (“o/aiea i i?aanoaaiiinoe”) icia/aea aeeciaiioth
ioae?inoue, “i?aeoe/aneea “ ciaiey ioiineoaeueii oiai, /oi oaeia
n/anoueth e eaeiau n?aaenoaa aeey aai aeinoeaeaiey. Yoeea – yoi o/aiea i
i?aanoaaiiinoe, i i?eaeoee /aeiaaeo aeayoaeueii–aieaauo, aeooaaiuo
ea/anoa, iaiaoiaeeiuo aio a ia?aoth i/a?aaeue a iauanoaaiiie aeecie, a
caoai e ee/iie. Iia o/eo i?aeoe/aneei i?aaeeai iiaaaeaiey e ia?aco
aeecie ioaeaeueiiai /aeiaaea. Ii A?enoioaeue ia iuneeo ioaeaeueiiai
a?aaeaeaieia aia iauanoaa . Aeey iaai /aeiaae – nouanoai iauanoaaiii-
iieeoe/aneia. Yoeea A?enoioaey oanii naycaia n aai iieeoeeie, n o/aieai
i nouiinoe e caaea/ao ainoaea?noaa.
Ii yaeythony ee i?aanoaaiiinoue, yoeea e iieeoeea, a oaeaea eneonnoai,
iaoeaie? Iiaeii ee n/eoaoue o/aiea niaethaeaoue i?aaeeueiua ii?iu
iiaaeaiey e aanoe i?aanoaaiiue ia?ac aeecie iaoeie? Niaeanii
A?enoioaeth, “anyeia ?annoaeaeaiea iai?aaeaii eeai ia aeayoaeueiinoue
eee ia oai?/anoai, eeai ia oiic?eoaeueiia,,,”* Yoi cia/eo, /oi /a?ac
iuoeaiea /aeiaae aeaeaao i?aaeeueiue auai? a naieo aeaenoaeyo e
iinooieao, no?aiynue aeiaeoueny n/anouey, aiieioeoue a aeeciue yoe/aneee
eaeaae. Oi aea naiia iiaeii neacaoue ioiineoaeueii i?iecaaaeaiee
eneonnoaa. Ianoa? aii?iuaao a naiai i?iecaaaeaiee eaeaae e?aniou
niia?acii naiaio iiieiaieth. Cia/eo, i?aeoe/aneay noa?a aeecie e
?acee/iua aeaeu i?iecaiaeeoaeueiie aeayoaeueiinoe iaaiciiaeiu aac
iuoeaiey. Iiyoiio iie aoiaeyo a noa?o iaoee, ii yoi ia iaoee a no?iaii
niunea neiaa. I?aeoe/aneay iaoea caieiaaony iieo/aieai ciaiey aeey
?aaeecaoeee eaeaaea (iiaaaeaiea /aeiaaea eee i?iecaiaenoai i?iaeoeoa). A
iaeanoe “I?aeoe/aneeo” iaoe oeaeue iuoeaiey ia iiciaiea, ii iinooiee e
aeayoaeueiinoue. Aaaeue ia aeinoaoi/ii ciaoue aeia?iaeaoaeue, ioaeii e
iinooiaoue niioaaonoaaiii, o.a. inouanoaeyoue aa, noaoue
aeia?iaeaoaeueiui /aeiaaeii. A?enoioaeue ieoao, /oi oai?/anoai e
iinooiee ia iaeii e oi aea. Iinooiee ia?acaeaeueii naycaiu n /aeiaaeii,
n aai aeayoaeueiinoueth, ni naiaiaeiui auai?ii, n iaueie i?aanoaaiiuie e
i?aaiauie ii?iaie a?aaeaeai iauanoaa, a oai?/anoai iai?aaeaii ia
nicaeaiea i?iecaaaeaiee eneonnoaa, eioi?ua ioeaieaathony oieueei ii
naiei aeinoieinoaai, iacaaeneii io iinooieia /aeiaaea.
I?aanoaaiiay aeayoaeueiinoue iai?aaeaia ia naiiai /aeiaaea, ia
?acaeoea caeiaeaiiuo a iai niiniaiinoae, iniaaiii aai
aeooiaii-i?aanoaaiiuo nee, ia niaa?oainoaiaaiea aai aeecie, ia
?aaeecaoeeth niunea naiae aeecie e iacia/aiey. A noa?a “aeayoaeueiinoe”,
naycaiiie ni naiaiaeie aiee, /aeiaae “auae?aao” ee/iinoe, niia?acothuae
naia iiaaaeaiea e ia?ac aeecie n i?aanoaaiiui eaeaaeii, n
i?aaenoaaeaieyie e iiiyoeyie i aeia?a e cea, aeieaeiii e nouai.
Yoei A?enoioaeue ii?aaeaeee i?aaeiao iaoee, iacaaiiie ei yoeeie.
O/aiee i?ioea o/eoaey.
Iiaeii neacaoue, /oi a yoeea A?enoioaeue, aieaa /ai a ae?oaeo /anoyo
naiaai oeeinioneiai o/aiey (iai?eia?, a “iaoaoeceea”), ?anoiaeeony n
Ieaoiiii. Eiaiii a “Ieeiiaoiaie yoeea” niaea?aeeony ecaanoiia
auneacuaaiea, eioi?iio ii o?aaeeoeee i?eaeai oa?aeoa? iiaiai?ee: “Ieaoii
iia – ae?oa, ii enoeia aei?iaea”.
Ioaeaeea eaeaaeueiia io iaoa?eaeueiiai, Ieaoii nicaeae oai?eth
naiinoiyoaeueiiai nouanoaiaaiey ie?a eaeae e “aeaaa naiiai ii naaa”,
eioi?ia ?iaeaeaao ae?oaea aeaaa – ii/ao, aiaaonoai e o.
O A?enoioaey aea iu aeaeei, /oi eaeaaeueiia ia nouanoaoao e ia iiaeao
nouanoaiaaoue iiieii iaoa?eaeueiiai, o.a. aeaaa eae oaeiaiai ia
nouanoaoao, a iii ii?aaeaeyaony ?aciuie eaoaai?eyie: ea/anoaii,
eiee/anoaii, niioiioaieai e o.i. A?enoioaeue ioia/aao, /oi iao iaoee i
aeaaa eae oaeiaii, ii eiathony ?acee/iua iaoee, eco/athuea aeaaa a oie
eee eiie noa?a aeecie. anee ?a/ue eaeao i aieia, oi aeaai ii?aaeaeyaony
no?aoaaeae, anee i aieacie – a?a/aaaieai. A?enoioaeue, eae e Ieaoii
oniao?eaaao aunoaa aeaai ia a /oanoaaiiuo oaeiaieuenoaeyo e
iaoa?eaeueiuo aeaaao, a a aeooiaiii oaeiaeaoai?aiee, a oii aeooaaiii
ninoiyiee, eioi?ia aicieeaao io /oanoaa eniieiaiiiai aeieaa,
inouanoaeaiey /aeiaaeii naiaai iacia/aiey. A?enoioaeue e Ieaoii
noiaeyony a oii, /oi iacia/aiea /aeiaaea caeeth/aaony a
naiiniaa?oainoaiaaiee, naiiooaa?aeaeaiee naiae ee/iinoe eae aeooiaiiai
nouanoaa. A?enoioaeue niaeanai n Ieaoiiii oaeaea a aii?ina i
iaiaoiaeeiinoe ainiiaenoaa ?acoia iaae /oanoaaiiinoueth e aiaeaeaeaieai
/aeiaaea. ii aeaeaa eaeoo caiaoiua ?anoiaeaeaiey iaaeaeo A?enoioaeai e
aai o/eoaeai.
Ieaoii n/eoae oaei oaiieoeae aeooe, a /oanoaaiiua aea/aiey – oeaiyie,
neiauaathueie aeooo. Iie ioeeiiytho /aeiaaea io aai enoeiiiai iacia/aiey
e oaeaeatho ei anaio ieciaiiiio e ii?i/iiio. Ecaaaeaoenue io
aiaeaeaeaiee e no?anoae, n iiiiuueth ?acoia /aeiaae inaiaiaeaeaaony io
yoiai ie?a e ono?aieyaony e aunoae aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe. Cia/eo, naiaiaea
/aeiaaea, ii Ieaoiio, naiaeeony e ainiiaenoao ?acoia iaae /oanoaaiiuie
aea/aieyie, e naiaiaea io iaoa?eaeueiie aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe.
A?enoioaeue aea n/eoae /oanoaaiiua aea/aiey e no?anoe naienoaaie
ia?acoiiie /anoe aeooe /aeiaaea. Aeey ainiiaenoaa ?acoia iaae
/oanoaaiiinoueth iaiaoiaeeii ia io?a/aiea, ia n?aaenoai ecaaaeaiey io
ie?a, a oneiaea aeey i?aaeeueiiai auai?a /aeiaaeii naiaai iacia/aiey,
oeaeaniia?aciiai ia?aca aeecie e iinooieia. Niaa?oainoaiaaiea /aeiaaea
aeieaeii i?ienoiaeeoue /a?ac iiciaaaoaeueioth aeayoaeueiinoue, aeoeaiia
ioiioaiea e aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe e ia?aoaiea aeanoe iaae aiaeaeaeaieyie e
no?anoyie.
A?enoioaeue e?eoeeoao ecaanoiue oacen Nie?aoa “Ieeoi i aeaeaao cea ii
naiae aiea” – oacen, ?acaeaeyaiue Ieaoiiii.1 A?enoioaeue n/eoaao, /oi
anee neaaeiaaoue yoiio oaceno, oi /aeiaae ia aeanoai iaae niaie e ia
ianao ioaaonoaaiiinoe ca naie iinooiee. Ii, iai?eia?, “iueyiuo n/eoatho
aeiiaiuie aaeaieia”, o.e. ai aeanoe /aeiaaea “ia iaieoueny”. 2 Cia/eo,
/aeiaae niiniaai iaeaaeaoue iieiaeeoaeueiuie i?aanoaaiiuie ea/anoaaie e
iioiio ioaaonoaai ca niaa?oaiiua e aeaenoaey.
A?enoioaeue e?eoeeoao Nie?aoa (e Ieaoiia) ca iaaeiioeaieo aiee
/aeiaaea. Iiciaiea oiai, /oi anoue aeia?i e /oi cei, ia iaycaoaeueii
nii?iaiaeaeaaony aeaeaieai iinooiaoue oi?ioi. O?aaoaony aua ii?aeueiay
onoie/eainoue, i?aanoaaiia i?eioeeieaeueiinoue, aieaaay oaaaeaeaiiinoue.
“Iaaei, /oiau ca?aiaa aue a iaee/ee i?aa, eae au iiaeoiaeyuee aeey
aeia?iaeaoaee, ethayuee i?ae?aniia e ioaa?aathuee iinouaeiia”. 3
A?enoioaeue i?eoiaeeo e auaiaeo i i?aeoe/aneie aaniieaciinoe eaeae
aeaaa, aa ia i?eiaieoue ia i?aeoeea. “,,, A oiaea a?aiy iaaiciiaeii
i?aaenoaaeoue naaa, eaeay iieueca aoaeao oea/o eee ieioieeo aeey eo
eneonnoaa, anee iie ciatho yoi naiia aeaai (naii ii naaa), eee eaeei
ia?acii aeaaiaea?y o?acoiaieth (tetheamtnos) yoie eaeae a?a/ noaiao a
eaeii-oi niunea eo/oei a?a/ii, a aiaia/aeueiee – eo/oei aiaia/aeueieeii.
Aaaeue i/aaeaeii, /oi a?a/ ?anniao?eaaao caei?iauea ia oae, (o.a. ia
aiiaua), a n oi/ee c?aiey caei?iauey /aeiaaea e, nei?aa aeaaea,
caei?iauey “aio yoiai” /aeiaaea, eai ii a?a/oao eaaeaeiai a
ioaeaeueiinoe”.* Oi anoue ieaoiiianeay eaeay aeaaa ia?aaeueia e
iaaeinooiia /aeiaaeo.
Ii oaaaeaeaieth Ieaoiia, iaeii ec aeaaiuo i?aiyonoaee aeey ?aaeecaoeee
“eaeaaeueiiai ainoaea?noaa” ninoieo a i?aiaeaaeaiee o a?aaeaeai ee/iuo
eioa?ania iaae iauanoaaiiui. Oae eae ee/iua eioa?anu e yaienoe/aneea
/oanoaa ?acuaaeeiytho ethaeae e natho a?aaeaeo iaaeaeo ieie. Ieaoii
i?aaeeaaaao oaeea ia?u, eae iauiinoue aeai e aeaoae, oi?acaeiaiea
/anoiie nianoaaiiinoe e o.i. A?enoioaeue n/eoae, /oi ia?u, i?aaeeaaaaiua
Ieaoiiii, iiaoo i?eaanoe e i?ioeaiiieiaeiui ?acoeueoaoai. Oae,
A?enoioaeue ooaa?aeaeaao, /oi iauiinoue aeai e eiouanoaa naeaeaao
iaaiciiaeiinoue e aeaai?iaeiay uaae?inoue. “Ethaee caaioyony anaai aieaa
i oii, /oi i?eiaaeeaaeeo ee/ii ei; iaiaa caaioyony a oie ia?a, a eaeie
yoi eanaaony eaaeaeiai”. 1
?anniao?eaay aii?inu i ae?oaeaa, naayethaee e yaiecia a ainueiie e
aeaayoie eieaao “ Ieeiiaoiaie yoeee”, A?enoioaeue auneacuaaao iuneue i
oii, /oi /aeiaae n oia?aiiui /oanoaii ethaae e naaa aoaeao
?oeiaiaenoaiaaoueny ?acoiii, ni?aaaaeeeainoueth, no?aieoueny e
aicaea?aeaiiinoe e aeaai?iaeiui iinooieai (iai?eia?, ai eiy ae?ocae e
ioa/anoaa io iiaeao ioeacaoueny io eiouanoaa e i?eianoe a aea?oao naith
aeeciue, anee a yoii aicieeiao iaaeiaiinoue. Oeeinio i?eoiaeeo e
auaiaeo, /oi iaeuecy nicaeaaaoue /?acia?iia aaeeinoai a ainoaea?noaa,
aaeeiiiuneea a?aaeaeai. “Aeaei a oii, /oi neaaeoao o?aaiaaoue
ioiineoaeueiiai , a ia aaniethoiiai aaeeinoaa eae naiuee, oae e
ainoaea?noaa. Anee yoi aaeeinoai caeaeao neeoeii aeaeaei, oi e naii
ainoaea?noai aoaeao oie/oiaeaii; anee aeaaea yoiai e ia neo/eony,
ana-oaee ainoaea?noai ia iooe e naiaio oie/oiaeaieth noaiao
ainoaea?noaii ooaeoei, ana ?aaii eae anee au eoi neioiieth caiaiee
oieniiii eee ?eoi iaeiei oaeoii.”*
A ?anoiaeaeaieyo iaaeaeo Ieaoiiii e A?enoioaeai io?aceeinue iaeii ec
iniiaiuo i?ioeai?a/ee, eaaeauaa a iniiaa aa?iiaeneie eoeueoo?u, –
i?ioeai?a/ea iaaeaeo eaeaaeii e aeaenoaeoaeueiinoueth, iaaeaeo aeieaeiui
e nouiui.
Aeia?iaeaoaeue.
A?enoioaeue, ?anniio?aa yoeeo a ieaia /aeiaa/aneie (a ia aiaeanoaaiiie)
aiee, naeaeae /aeiaaea ioaaonoaaiiui ca naith noaeueao e aeaaiiieo/ea.
Yoei ii ioaa?a ?aeeaeicii-ieoieiae/aneoth eiioeaioeeth, niaeanii eioi?ie
aeaaiaeaenoaea eee ian/anouea /aeiaaea ii?aaeaeyaony eai?ecaie
noaeueau. A?enoioaeue eneeth/ee oaeaea aeaai/anoea ec /enea enneaaeoaiuo
aeia?iaeaoaeae. Oeeinio ie/aai ia aiai?eo i ?iee aiaia a i?aanoaaiiie
aeecie ethaeae, a aai yoeea iieiinoueth ionoonoaoao ?aeeaeiciinoue.
A?enoioaeue enneaaeoao yoe/aneea i?iaeaia, /oiau iiiiuue ethaeyi noaoue
eo/oa e naeaeaoue iauanoai aieaa niaa?oaiiui. A i?ioeaiiieiaeiinoue
Nie?aoo, A?enoioaeue (aia?aua a enoi?ee yoeee) naycuaaao yoe/aneoth
aeia?iaeaoaeue n aeaeaieai. oioaieai, aieae, n/eoay, /oi, oioy
i?aanoaaiiinoue e caaeneo io ciaiee, oai ia iaiaa iia ei?aieony a
aeia?ie aiea: aaaeue iaeii aeaei ciaoue, /oi oi?ioi e /oi ieioi, a
ae?oaia – oioaoue neaaeiaaoue oi?ioaio. Aeia?iaeaoaee ia ea/anoaa
?acoia, iie ninoaaeytho neeaae aeooe. Iiyoiio A?enoioaeue ?acee/aao
aeeaiiyoe/aneea (iuneeoaeueiua) aeia?iaeaoaee, naycaiiua
aeayoaeueiinoueth ?acoia, e yoe/aneea – aeia?iaeaoaee aeooaaiiai
neeaaea, oa?aeoa?a. E oa e ae?oaea aeia?iaeaoaee ia aeaiu iai io
i?e?iaeu, iai iiaeii i?eia?anoe eo. Yoe/aneay aeia?iaeaoaeue anoue
iaoiaeaeaiea iaaeeaaeauae na?aaeeiu a iiaaaeaiee e a /oanoaao, auai?
na?aaeeiu iaaeaeo eo ecauoeii e iaaeinoaoeii. eae ii?aaeaeeoue
iaaeeaaeauoth na?aaeeio aeey eaaeaeiai ec ian? II A?enoioaeth, aeey
yoiai iaiaoiaeeii eeai iaeaaeaoue i?aeoe/aneie ioae?inoueth,
?annoaeeoaeueiinoueth, eeai neaaeiaaoue i?eia?o eee ianoaaeaieyi
aeia?iaeaoaeueiiai /aeiaaea
Ii aii?ino i i?e?iaeaeaiiii eee i?eia?aoaiiii oa?aeoa?a aunoeo
ineoe/aneeo niiniaiinoyo /aeiaaea Noaae?eo ieoao, /oi, oioy
aeia?iaeaoaeue – i?eia?aoaiiia ea/anoai aeooe, iaeiaei “aaaeue e
i?aainoaeiuie e aeaai?acoiiuie. e ioaeanoaaiiuie. e oae aeaeaa (a
eaeii-oi niunea) iu auaaee i?yii n ?iaeaeaiey …”* Aianoa n oai
A?enoioaeue aiai?eo, /oi i?eia?aoaiiua ainieoaieai aeia?iaeaoaee auoa
aea?a i?e?iaeu, i?e?iaeaeaiiuo niiniaiinoae. Aeia?iaeaoaeue o?aaoao
iaaueia, i?eaueee, i?aeoeee. “Aeia?iaeaoaeue anoue niciaoaeueii
ecae?aaiue
neeaae (aeooe), ninoiyuee a iaeaaeaiee na?aaeeiie ii ioiioaieth e iai,
i?e/ai ii?aaeaeaiiie oaeei noaeaeaieai, eaeei ii?aaeaeeo aa
?annoaeeoaeueiue /aeiaae. Na?aaeeiie iaeaaeatho iaaeaeo aeaoiy (aeaeaie)
ii?i/iinoe, iaeei ec eioi?uo – io ecauoea, ae?oaie – io iaaeinoaoea”.1
Iaeaaei iaeoe iaaeeaaeauoth na?aaeeio a /oanoaao e iinooieao, ai?acaei
eaa/a noaoue ii?i/iui. O?oaeii auoue aeia?iaeaoaeueiui: “Iaaea?ii
niaa?oainoai e ?aaeei, e iioaaeueii, e i?ae?anii.”3 Iaei niaa?oaiiuo
ethaeae e iiiai iin?aaenoaaiiuo.
Aeia?iaeaoaee A?enoioaeue ?acaeaeee, eae oaea auei neacaii, ia aeaa
aeaea. Aeeaeiyoe/aneea (iuneeoaeueiua eee eioaeeaeooaeueiua) e yoe/aneea
(i?aanoaaiiua). E ia?aui ioiinyony aeaa – ?acoiiinoue, eee ioae?inoue, e
?annoaeeoaeueiinoue, i?aeoe/aneay ioae?inoue, i?eia?aoaiiay iooai
iao/aiey. Aoi?ua – aeia?iaeaoaee aiee, oa?aeoa?a; e iei ioiinyony
ioaeanoai, uaae?inoue, i?aanoaaiiinoue e o.i. Iineaaeiea au?aaaouaathony
iooai ainieoaiey i?eau/ae.
*oiau noaoue aeia?iaeaoaeueiui /aeiaaeii, iiieii ciaiey. /oi anoue
aeia?i e cei, o?aaoaony oaeaea a?aiy aeey ainieoaiey oa?aeoa?a. Iaeei
oi?ioee iinooiie aua ia aaaeao e aeia?iaeaoaee. Anoanoaaiii, ainieoaiea
eo/oa anaai ia/eiaoue n aeaoneiai aic?anoa. Iiyoiio a noa?a ainieoaiey
a?aaeaeai A?enoioaeue ioaiaeeo aieueooth ?ieue caeiiiaeaoaeuenoao e
ainoaea?noao.
Aiai?y i “na?aaeeia” eae ioee/eoaeueiii i?eciaiee aeia?iaeaoaee,
A?enoioaeue eiaao aaeaeo “n?aaeiaa” a iaeanoe /oanoa. “Na?aaeeia” – yoi
“ie/aai neeoeii”. Noaae?eo iiae?iaii enneaaeoao n yoie oi/ee c?aiey
aeia?iaeaoaee, i?ioeaiiinoaaeyy eo ii?ieai. Oae, aaeeeiaeooeth ii
i?ioeaiiinoaaeyao ouaneaaea (“ecauoie”), n iaeiie noi?iiu, iaeiaeooea
(“iaaeinoaoie”) – n ae?oaie. Aaeeeiaeooea, neaaeiaaoaeueii, anoue
“na?aaeeia”. Ioaeanoai – n?aaeiaa iaaeaeo aac?annoaeiie ioaaaie e
o?oninoueth, uaae?inoueth, uaae?inoue – iaaeaeo ?anoi/eoaeuenoaii e
neoiinoueth, ne?iiiinoue – iaaeaeo aannouaenoaii, iaaeinoueth e
canoai/eainoueth, ?iainoueth. Iineieueeo i?aanoaaiiia aeaenoaea
iie?aaony ia ?acoi, iii iiae?acoiaaaao naiaiaeiue auai? iaaeaeo aeia?ii
e ceii. “A iaoae aeanoe aeia?iaeaoaeue, oi/ii oae aea eae e ii?ie, eai
iu aeanoiu aeaenoaiaaoue ai anao oao neo/ayo, eiaaea iu aeanoiu
aicaea?aeaoueny io aeaenoaey.”* Aaaaey iiiyoea naiaiaeiiai auai?a,
A?enoioaeue ioe?uaaao ia?aoth no?aieoeo aeeeoaeueiiai nii?a i naiaiaeiie
aiea.
CAEETH*AIEA.
Iai?aoiaeyuae caneoaie A?enoioaey inoaaony nicaeaiea iaoee, iacaaiiie
ei yoeeie. Aia?aua n?aaee a?a/aneeo iuneeoaeae ii iniiaie i?aanoaaiiinoe
naeaeae aieth. A?enoioaeue ?anniao?eaae naiaiaeiia io iaoa?ee iuoeaiea
eae aa?oiaiia ia/aei a ie?a – aiaeanoai. Oioy /aeiaae ieeiaaea ia
aeinoeaiao o?iaiy aiaeanoaaiiie aeecie, ii, ianeieueei yoi a aai neeao.
ii aeieaeai no?aieoueny e iaio eae e eaeaaeo. Ooaa?aeaeaiea yoiai
eaeaaea iicaieeei A?enoioaeth nicaeaoue, n iaeiie noi?iiu,
?aaeenoe/aneoth yoeeo, iniiaaiioth ia nouai, o.a. ia ii?iao e
i?eioeeiao, acyouo ec naiie aeecie, eaeiaa iia anoue a
aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe, a n ae?oaie – yoeeo, ia eeoaiioth eaeaaea. Yoeea
Noaae?eoa, aanue aa niune e iacia/aiea ninoieo a oii, /oiau iieacaoue,
eae ecaaaeaoue ian/anouey e aeinoeaioo n/anouey, aeinooiiiai nia?oiiio
/aeiaaeo. Ii aeooo yoe/aneiai o/aiey A?enoioaey, aeaaiiieo/ea /aeiaaea
caaeneo io aai ?acoia aeaai?acoiey, i?aaeoniio?eoaeueiinoe. A?enoioaeue
iinoaaee iaoeo (?acoi) auoa i?aanoaaiiinoe, naeaeaa oai naiui
i?aanoaaiiui eaeaaeii nica?oeaoaeueioth aeeciue. Niia?acii naiaio
yoe/aneiio eaeaaeo Noaae?eo auniei oeaieo o?aaeeoeeiiiua aioe/iua
aeia?iaeaoaee a?aaeaeaieia – ioae?inoue, ioaeanoai, ni?aaaaeeeainoue,
ae?oaeao. Iaeiaei ii ia aaaeaao i ethaae /aeiaaea e /aeiaaeo a oii
niunea, eae yoiio noaee o/eoue o?enoeaineea aiaineiau. Aoiaieci
A?enoioaey niaa?oaiii ioee/ai io o?enoeaineiai aoiaiecia, niaeanii
eioi?iio “ana ethaee – a?aouey”, o.a. ana ?aaiu ia?aae aiaii.
A?enoioaeaaneay yoeea enoiaeeo ec oiai, /oi ethaee ia iaeeiaeiau ii
naiei niiniaiinoyi, oi?iai aeayoaeueiinoe e noaiaie aeoeaiinoe, iiyoiio
e o?iaaiue n/anouey eee aeaaeainoaa ?aciue, a o iaeioi?uo aeeciue iiaeao
ieacaoueny a iauai e oeaeii ian/anoiie. Oae , A?enoioaeue n/eoaao, /oi o
?aaa ia iiaeao auoue n/anouey. Ii auaeaeioe oai?eth i “anoanoaaiiii”
i?aainoiaenoaa yeeeiia (“naiaiaeiuo ii i?e?iaea”) iaae “aa?aa?aie”
(“?aaaie ii i?e?iaea”). Aeey A?enoioaey /aeiaae aia iauanoaa yoi eee
aia, eee aeeaioiia, Ii oae eae ?aau i?aaenoaaeyee niaie eiiieaiaiiue,
i?eoeue yeaiaio, eeoaiiue a?aaeaeaineeo i?aa, oi iieo/aeinue, /oi ?aau –
eae au ia ethaee. a ?aa noaiiaeony /aeiaaeii, oieueei ia?aoy naiaiaeo.
Yoeea e iieeoeea A?enoioaey eco/atho iaeei e oio aea aii?in – aii?in i
ainieoaiee aeia?iaeaoaeae e oi?ie?iaaiee i?eau/ae aeeoue
aeia?iaeaoaeueii aeey aeinoeaeaiey n/anouey, aeinooiiiai /aeiaaeo a
?aciuo aniaeoao: ia?aay – a aniaeoao i?e?iaeu ioaeaeueiiai /aeiaaea.
aoi?ay – a ieaia nioeeaeueii-iieeoe/aneie aeecie a?aaeaeai. Aeey
ainieoaiey aeia?iaeaoaeueiiai ia?aca aeecie e iiaaaeaiey iaeiie
i?aanoaaiiinoe iaaeinoaoi/ii. iaiaoiaeeiu aua caeiiu, eiathuea
i?eioaeeoaeueioth neeo. Iiyoiio A?enoioaeue cayaeyao, oi “iauanoaaiiia
aieiaiea (e ainieoaieth) aicieeaao aeaaiaea?y caeiiai, i?e/ai aeia?ia
aieiaiea – aeaaiaea?y aeia?iii?yaei/iui caeiiai.”*
NIENIE ENIIEUeCOAIIE EEOA?AOO?U.
1. A?enoioaeue. Ni/eiaiey a 4-o oiiao, oii 4.
2. Aiaiiieia A.N. “Aioe/iay oeeinioey”.
3. Oeeinioneee neiaa?ue.
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