E?UINEEE AINOAeA?NOAAIIUE AA?A?IUE OIEAA?NEOAO
EAOAAe?A «AOOAAEOA?NEIAI O*?OA»
EO?NIAAss ?AAIOA
II «OEIAINIAIIO O*?OO»
IA OAIO:
«I?aaiecaoeey o/?oa aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa ia
naeueneioicyenoaaiiuo
i?aaei?eyoeyo»
IA I?EIA?A ENI «NO?AIA NIAAOIA»
IA?AIIAENEIAI ?AEIIA A? E?UI
Auiieieea nooaeaioea
4-ai eo?na oaeoeueoaoa
«O/?o e aoaeeo»
a?oiia 44-A
Caaaoeeay I.A
?aaioo i?iaa?eea
i?aiiaeaaaoaeue eaoaae?u
«Aooaaeoa?neiai o/?oa e oeiainia»
____________________
?aaioa naeaia ia eaoaae?o «___»_____________________1999 aiaea
I?iaa?aia e aeiiouaia e caueoa «___» _______________1999 aiaea
Ioeaiea ______________
Neioa?iiieue 1998 a.Niaea?aeaiea
Aaaaeaiea 3
1. Iaci? eeoa?aoo?u 4
2. Oa?aeoa?enoeea e ninoiyiea o/?oa aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa a ENI «No?aia
Niaaoia»
9
2.1 E?aoeay oeiainiai-yeiiiie/aneay oa?aeoa?enoeea ENI “No?aia Niaaoia”
9
2.2 Noo?eoo?a aooaaeoa?ee ENI «No?aia Niaaoia» 17
2.3 O/?o eanniauo iia?aoeee a aooaaeoa?ee ENI «No?aia Niaaoia»
19
2.4 O/?o iia?aoeee ii ?an/?oiiio n/?oo a aooaaeoa?ee ENI «No?aia
Niaaoia»
25
2.5 O/?o iia?aoeee ii i?i/ei n/aoai a aaiea a aooaaeoa?ee ENI «No?aia
Niaaoia»
30
3. Niaa?oainoaiaaiea o/?oa aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa a ENI «No?aia Niaaoia»
32
Caeeth/aiea 37
Nienie eniieueciaaiiuo enoi/ieeia 38
I?eeiaeaiey 40
Aaaaeaiea
Iaoa no?aia nae/an ia?aaeeaaao ia naiua eaaeea a?aiaia, eiaaea iiiaea
aiai?yo i a? iacaaeneiinoe, eiay aaeaeo iieeoe/aneee aniaeo yoie
eaoaai?ee, ii iiaeeeiiay iacaaeneiinoue iiaeao auoue aeinoeaiooa oieueei
oiaaea, eiaaea ainoaea?noai aoaeao eiaoue yeiiiie/aneoth iacaaeneiinoue,
oi anoue ei?ieoue naie ia?iae naieie i?iaeoeoaie, i?iaeaaaoue aio
ioa/anoaaiiua oiaa?u e ia caaenaoue io eieaaaiey oeai ia oa eee eiua
oiaa?u ia ie?iauo ?uieao. Oeiainiaue e?ecen a ?innee eaoa-inaie 1998
aiaea e aai aeeyiea ia yeiiiieeo e aeaaininoiyiea oe?aeineiai ia?iaea
aeieacaee, /oi i iacaaeneiinoe Oe?aeiu a yeiiiie/aneii ioiioaiee ia
iiaeao auoue e ?a/e.
Enoi/ieeii ethaiai aiaaonoaa eee aeaaininoiyiey yaeyaony i?iecaiaenoai,
iiyoiio /oiau eiaoue n?aaenoaa aeey ono?aiaiey iineaaenoaee ?acee/iuo
e?eceniuo yaeaiee iaiaoiaeeii ?acaeaaoue eiaiii i?iecaiaenoai, eioi?ia
ia oieueei iaania/eei au oiaa?aie iaoo no?aio, ii e iicaieeei au aueoe n
ieie ia ie?iaua ?uiee. Aunieee o?iaaiue iaaeaeoia?iaeiie niaoeeaeecaoeee
i?iecaiaenoaa ia iicaieyao ethaie i?iaeoeoeee oniaoii cae?aieoueny ia
ie?iauo ?uieao, iiyoiio aeey ?acaeoey i?iecaiaenoaa eiieo?aioiniiniaiie
i?iaeoeoeee aeieaeiu auoue ii?aaeaeaiiua i?aaeiinueee. I?e?iaeiua
oneiaey Oe?aeiu iicaieytho aiai?eoue i ?aaeueiie aiciiaeiinoe
i?iecaiaenoaa eiieo?aioiniiniaiie naeueneioicyenoaaiiie i?iaeoeoeee
caeanue ea/anoaaiiaa e aeaoaaea, /ai yoi aeaeaaony a ae?oaeo no?aiao.
Io?aneue naeueneiai oicyenoaa iiaea au noaoue iaeiei ec enoi/ieeia
yeiiiie/aneiai i?ioeaaoaiey Oe?aeiu, ii e niaeaeaieth a ianoiyuaa a?aiy
ioa/anoaaiiua oiaa?ii?iecaiaeeoaee i?iaeoeoeee naeueneiai oicyenoaa, ii
iiiaei i?e/eiai, i?inoi ia eiatho n?aaenoa, aeey ii?iaeueiiai aaaeaiey
i?ioeanna i?iecaiaenoaa. Ainoaea?noaaiiay iiaeaea?aeea naeueneiai
oicyenoaa, i?eiyoay a i?aeoeea auniei?acaeouo no?ai, o ian i?aeoe/anee
ia iuouaaony. Iiyoiio i?aaei?eyoeyi i?eoiaeeony naiinoiyoaeueii
ecuneeaaoue yoe n?aaenoaa. A nayce n yoei iniaoth aaaeiinoue i?eia?aoaao
nio?aiiinoue e i?aaeeueiia eniieueciaaiea eiathueony n?aaenoa, a eiaiii
aeaiaaeiuo ?ano?nia, ?aoeoue yoe aii?inu iiiiaeao no?iaee e a?aiioii
iino?iaiiue aooaaeoa?neee o/?o e iniiaaiiue ia i?i oeiainiaue aiaeec.
1. Iaci? eeoa?aoo?u.
?aoi?iu, eioi?ua ioaaoeee a iineaaeiaa a?aiy ana noa?u, aieioioth
iiaeioee e nenoaia aooaaeoa?neiai o/?oa e io/?oiinoe a Oe?aeia.
Iiaeeaaeeo ia?aniio?o i?aaiecaoeey aooaaeoa?neiai o/?oa, iaoiaeeea
io?aaeaiey oicyenoaaiiuo iia?aoeee, iau?i e niaea?aeaiea oeiainiaie
io/?oiinoe.
?ieue aooaaeoa?neiai o/?oa a ?uii/iie yeiiiieea ?acei aic?inea.
Iauai?eciaiia oeaeaniia?aciinoue e iaiaoiaeeiinoue oaeiaeaoai?aiey
iio?aaiinoae a eioi?iaoeee iiiai/eneaiiuo iieueciaaoaeae, iaania/eoue
eioi?oth iiaeao oieueei aooaaeoa?neee o/?o.
Yoa nenoaia, io?aaeay aanue i?ioeann i?iecaiaenoaa e aeaeaeaiey n?aaenoa
i?aaei?eyoey, aea?o aiciiaeiinoue i?ineaaeeoue ca eciaiaieyie, eioi?ua
i?aoa?iaaaao eiouanoai oicyenoaothuaai noauaeoa.
Eiouanoai i?aaei?eyoee ?acii?iaeii ii naiae yeiiiie/aneie nouiinoe e
?iee a i?ioeanna aini?iecaiaenoaa, iiyoiio e o/?oo , aiaeeco e
oi?aaeaieth n?aaenoa eaaeaeiai aeaea neaaeoao iiaeoiaeeoue
eiaeeaeaeoaeueii.
A i?ioeanna aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaei?eyoee aicieeatho neooaoeee, eioi?ua
iinoiyiii o?aaotho iaee/iuo aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa aeey i?iaaaeaiey
iaiaaeeaiiuo ?an/?oia n eeeaioaie, aeey iieaou iaeioi?uo ?anoiaeia, aeey
auieaou ca?aaioiie ieaou ia?niiaeo e o.ae.
I?aaiecaoeee o/?oa e o?aiaiey aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa a ianoiyuaa a?aiy
oaeaeyaony aieueoia aieiaiea ni noi?iiu ainoaea?noaaiiuo i?aaiia a nayce
n iaiaoiaeeiinoueth ?aaoee?iaaiey iaee/iie aeaiaaeiie iannu a yeiiiieea
n oeaeueth i?aaeioa?auaiey a? iaii?aaaeaiiiai ?inoa, /oi iiaeao aucaaoue
i/a?aaeiie anieane eioeyoeee. ?ac?aaioaia iaae?aeiay ii?iaoeaiay aaca,
?aaoee?othuay yoo noa?o iauanoaaiiiai aini?iecaiaenoaa.
Iaee/iinoue yaeyaony aaniethoii eeeaeaeiui aeoeaii, ea?aao aaaeioth
?ieue a i?ioeanna iia?aoeaiiai oi?aaeaiey i?aaei?eyoeai, ii?aaeaeyao aai
auno?oth ieao?aeaniiniaiinoue e aieueoa anaai iiaeaa?aeaia oeuaieyi,
/oi ii?aaeaeyao oeaee e caaea/e eo o/?oa.
Iniiaiuie caaea/aie o/?oa aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa, n/eoatho I.C.Iecaiaieueoe
e A.I.Aa?aaa yaeythony :
iaania/aiea eo nio?aiiinoe e i?aaeeueiiai eniieueciaaiey;
no?iaia niaethaeaiea onoaiiaeaiiuo i?aaee aaeaiey eanniauo e aaieianeeo
iia?aoeee;
i?aaeeueiia ioi?ieaiea aeaeaeaiey aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa a aeieoiaioao e
?aaeno?ao aooo/?oa.[13, n.54]
A.A.Aeaieeai a naith i/a?aaeue e caaea/ai o/?oa aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa
ioiineo:
eiio?ieue ca iaee/eai e aeaeaeaieai aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa ii ianoo
o?aiaiey;
eiio?ieue ca eniieueciaaieai aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa ii iacia/aieth;
naiaa?aiaiiia iieo/aiea naaaeaiee i iaee/ee aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa;
eiio?ieue ca niaethaeaieai niaoiie e oeiainiaie aeenoeeieeiu.[11 n. 86]
A nayce n oai, /oi a ianoiyuaa a?aiy aooaaeoa?neea neoaeau i?aaei?eyoee
auiieiytho aieueoie iau?i oeiainiauo aiaeeoe/aneeo iia?aoeee, eioi?ua
aeieaeiu eiaeeoueny ia iea/e niaoeeaeece?iaaiiuo iiae?acaeaeaiee
(niaoeeaeenoia), e auoaia?a/eneaiiui caaea/ai iiaeii auei au aeiaaaeoue
auiieiaiea aiaeeca aeaeaeaiey iioiea iaee/iuo n?aaenoa i?aaei?eyoey,
eniieueciaaiea eioi?iai aeaaii i?eiyoi a iaaeaeoia?iaeiie i?aeoeea o/?oa
e io/aoiinoe.
E aeaiaaeiui n?aaenoaai naeueneioicyenoaaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee iiaeii
ioianoe iaee/iua aeaiaaeiua n?aaenoaa, iaoiaeyueany ia o?aiaiee a eanna
oicyenoaa, aeaiueae, o?aiyueany ia n/aoao a aaieao (?an/?oiuo, oaeoueo,
nnoaeiuo, aeaiiceoiuo, aaethoiuo e i?i/eo
niaoeeaeece?iaaiiuo),aeaiaaeiua n?aaenoaa a iooe e aeaiaaeiua
aeieoiaiou.
I?aaiecaoeey i?e?ia, auaea/e e o?aiaiey iaee/iuo aeaiaa a eanna, a
oaeaea ioi?ieaiea eanniauo iia?aoeee ?aaeaiaioe?iaaiu «Ii?yaeeii
aaaeaiey eanniauo iia?aoeee a i/o Oe?aeiu», ooaa?aeae?iiii
iinoaiiaeaieai i?aaeaiey IAO io 2 oaa?aey 1995 aiaea ?21.
O/?o eanniauo iia?aoeee inouanoaeyaony ia iniiaaiee «Oeiiauo oi?i
ia?ae/iiai o/?oa eanniauo iia?aoeee», ooaa?aeae?iiuo i?eeacii
Ieienoa?noaa noaoenoeee Oe?aeiu io 15 oaa?aey 1996 aiaea ?51.
Yoe aeieoiaiou ?aaeaiaioe?otho ii?yaeie i?e?ia, o?aiaiey, ?anoiaeiaaiey
e onoaiiaeaiey eeieoa n?aaenoa a eanna, ioaaonoaaiiinoue i?aaei?eyoey ca
ianiaethaeaiea o?aaiaaiee, aeieoiaioaeueiia ioi?ieaiea aeaeaeaiey
n?aaenoa a eanna, e ioaaonoaaiiinoue eeoe ca ianiaethaeaiea eanniaie
aeenoeeieeiu [14 n.5-12].
I.Aeia?ioa aea?o oaeia ii?aaeaeaiea eannu– niaoeeaeueii iai?oaeiaaiiia e
eciee?iaaiiia iiiauaiea, i?aaeiacia/aiiia aeey i?eiyoey, auaea/e e
a?aiaiiiai o?aiaiey aeaiaa. Aeaiaaeiua n?aaenoaa, oeaiiinoe o?aiyony a
naeoa eee iaoaeee/aneii oeaoo, iiiauaiea eannu iai?oaeiaaii ?ao?oeaie e
io?aiii-iiaea?iie neaiaeecaoeeae. ?oeiaiaeeoaee i?aaei?eyoee iaycaiu
iaania/eoue nio?aiiinoue aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa a eanna, a oaeaea i?e
aeinoaaea e naea/a eo a aaie. Iinea ecaeaiey i?eeaca i iacia/aiee
eanne?a ii aeieaeai auoue iciaeiieai n ii?yaeeii aaaeaiey eanniauo
iia?aoeee e iiaeienaoue cayaeaiea i i?eiyoee ia naay iieiie
iaoa?eaeueiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe.[ 6 c. 19-23]
Ana i?aaei?eyoey, iacaaeneii io oi?i nianoaaiiinoe e aeaea
aeayoaeueiinoe iaycaiu o?aieoue naie aeaiaaeiua n?aaenoaa a
o/?aaeaeaieyo aaieia. A naieo eannao iie iiaoo eiaoue iaee/iua a
i?aaeaeao eeieoia ,onoaiiaeaiiuo ii niaeaniaaieth n ianeoaeeaathuei
aaieii. A. Aanaeianeee i?aaenoaaeyao ia ?anniio?aiea «A?aiaiiia
iieiaeaiea ii onoaiiaeaieth eeieoa inoaoea aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa a eanna,
ii?i ?anoiaeiaaiey aeaiaa ec au?o/ee, n?ieia e ii?yaeea naea/e au?o/ee
i?aaei?eyoeyie e i?aaiecaoeeyie». Iieiaeaiea i?aaeoniao?eaaao
naiinoiyoaeueiia ii?aaeaeaiea oicyenoaii, ioo?i ?an/?oa, eeieoa
n?aaenoa, n o/?oii eo i?iecaiaenoaaiiie iaiaoiaeeiinoe,
oa??eoi?eaeueiiai ?aciauaiey , e i?aaeinoaaeaiea a niioaaonoaothuea
o/?aaeaeaiey aaiea. ?ac?aoaaony caaea?aeeaaoue iaee/iua aeaiueae ec
au?o/ee a eanna naa?o eeieoa aeey iieaou o?oaea, noeiaiaeee, iiiiue ii
nioeeaeueiiio no?aoiaaieth ia 5 ?aai/eo aeiae aei ianooieaiey n?iea
auieaou.[2 c. 31-34]
Eiio?ieue ca niaethaeaieai i?aaee aaaeaiey eanniauo iia?aoeee
inouanoaeytho eiiia?/aneea aaiee, niaianoii n iaeiaiauie
aaeieieno?aoeeyie, E?O. Ii?yaeeii i?aaeoniio?aii i?iaa?eo niaethaeaiey
eanniaie aeenoeeieeiu ia i?aaei?eyoeyo ia ?aaea iaeiiai ?aca a 2 aiaea
ii ?aoaieth ?oeiaiaeeoaey aaiea. Aaiee ianeoaeeaathuea i?aaei?eyoey
iacaaeneii io oi?iu nianoaaiiinoe eiatho i?aai iieo/eoue io ieo ethaua
aeaiiua ia eo eanniauo iai?ioao ii enoi/ieeai iinooieaiey e oeaeaaiio
eniieueciaaieth. ?acoeueoaou i?iaa?ie ?oeiaiaeeoaee aaieia
?anniao?eaatho a oa/aiea 3-5 aeiae e i?e auyaeaiee ia?ooaiee aeieaeiu
i?eiyoue iaiaoiaeeiua ia?u.[ 3 c. 34-36]
Ieaiii n/aoia aooaaeoa?neiai o/?oa eniieuecoaiui a Oe?aeia
i?aaeoniio?aii aaaeaiea o/?oa iia?aoeee ii aeaeaeaieth aeaiaaeiuo
n?aaenoa a eanna ia aeoeaiii eiaaioa?iii n/?oa ?50 «Eanna».
A neiaeeaoaeny yeiiiie/aneie neooaoeee a Oe?aeia aeaiaaeiay ianna aia
aaieia (iaee/iinoue o i?aaei?eyoee e ianaeaiey) ?ano?o aunieeie oaiiaie,
iiyoiio iacaaeneii io oi?iu nianoaaiiinoe, niaeanii iaoaio
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoao, i?aaei?eyoeyi o/?aaeaeaieyie aaieia ioe?uaathony
?acee/iua n/aoa aeey i?iaaaeaiey ?an/?oiuo e ae?oaeo iia?aoeee a
aaciaee/iie oi?ia. I?aaiioiioaiey, aicieeathuea i?e ioe?uoee aaieii
eeeaioai ?an/?oiuo, oaeoueo e ae?oaeo n/aoia a iaoeeiiaeueiie e
eiino?aiiie aaethoa ?aaoee?othony eino?oeoeeae ?3 «Ia ioe?uoee aaieaie
n/aoia a iaoeeiiaeueiie e eiino?aiiie aaethoa». Niaeanii aeaiiie
eino?oeoeee eaaeaeia i?aaei?eyoea iiaeao eiaoue oieueei iaeei ?an/?oiue
n/?o a iaoeeiiaeueiie aaethoa, iniiaaieai aeey ioe?uoey n/?oa yaeyaony
naeaeaoaeuenoai i ?aaeno?aoeee noauaeoa i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie
aeayoaeueiinoe e aeieoiaio i acyoee aai ia o/?o iaeiaiauie i?aaiaie.[7
c. 9-15]
Ii iiaieth I.A.Iaca?iaa ia?auaiea iaee/iuo aeaiaa ia?yaeo n aaciaee/iuie
eiaao iiiai io?eoeaoaeueiuo noi?ii, aaaeue ia?auaiea iaee/iuo yaeyaony
aieaa aei?iaei, yoi naycaii n aieueoeie ?anoiaeaie ii eo ia/aoaieth,
o?aiaieth e o?ainii?oe?iaea. Oaeaea iaee/iinoue, eioi?ay iaeaieeaaaony o
noauaeoia oicyenoaiaaiey ia i?eiineo aeioiae. A n oi/ee c?aiey
ainoaea?noaaiiuo eioa?ania cia/eoaeueiay a? ianna a ia?auaiee
cao?oaeiyao inouanoaeaiea eiio?iey ca aeaiaaeiui ia?auaieai, aea?o
aiciiaeiinoue th?eaee/aneei e oece/aneei eeoeai ne?uaaoue io iaeiaiauo
neoaea ?aaeueiua aeioiaeu e oaeei ia?acii oeeiiyoueny io iaeiaia.[11, n.
23-24]
Noaaeeecaoeey aeaiaaeiiai ia?auaiey, ?uii/iua i?aia?aciaaiey a
yeiiiieea, aaaaeaiea aunieiyooaeoeaiuo aaieianeeo oaoiieiaee a iaeanoe
?an/?oia aeieaeiu i?eaanoe e nie?auaieth iaee/iinoe a Oe?aeia.
Ieaiii n/aoia aooaaeoa?neiai o/?oa a Oe?aeia i?aaeoniio?aiu neaaeothuea
aeoeaiua n/aoa aeey o/?oa aaciaee/iuo aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa i?aaei?eyoee:
?51 «?an/?oiue n/?o» – aeey i?iaaaeaiey ?an/?oia iaaeaeo i?aaei?eyoeai e
aai ia?oi??aie, aaieii, athaeaeaoii, i?aaiaie nioeno?aoa e oece/aneeie
eeoeaie a iaoeeiiaeueiie aaethoa;
?52 «Aaethoiue n/?o» – aeey ?an/?oia a i?aaeaeao aeaenoaothuaai
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa a aaciaee/iie e iaee/iie eiino?aiiie aaethoa,
ii?aaeae?iiuo caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii Oe?aeiu i aaethoiii ?aaoee?iaaiee;
?54 «N/aoa a aaiea ii n?aaenoaai ia eaieoaeueiua aeiaeaiey» – iaee/ea e
aeaeaeaiea n?aaenoa iaoeaio?aeeciaaiiuo enoi/ieeia oeiaine?iaaiey
eaieoaeueiuo aeiaeaiee;
?55 «I?i/ea n/aoa a aaieao» – iaee/ea e aeaeaeaiea n?aaenoa
i?aaei?eyoey, iaoiaeyueony a aaiea ia iniauo n/aoao, aee?aaeeoeaao e
o.i.
?56 «I?i/ea aeaiaaeiua n?aaenoaa» – o/ao iaee/ey e aeaeaeaiey n?aaenoa
i?aaei?eyoey a iooe e aeaiaaeiuo aeieoiaioia.
Oaeay aeeooa?aioeeaoeey n/aoia iaoneiaeaia iaiaoiaeeiinoueth o/?oa
aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa ii aeaeai e oeaeaaiio iacia/aieth, e niaeaeaieth a
nayce n oyae?eui yeiiiie/aneei iieiaeaieai, neiaeeaoeiny a naeueneii
oicyenoaa Oe?aeiu a iineaaeiea aiaeu ioa/anoaaiiua i?aaei?eyoey
eniuouaatho ino?oth iaoaaoeo aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa, /oi nouanoaaiii
nieaeaao eo aeaeiaoth aeoeaiinoue e iiyoiio i?e aaaeaiee o/?oa yoeo
n?aaenoa o ieo iao iaiaoiaeeiinoe eniieueciaaoue ana auoaia?a/eneaiiua
n/aoa. /aua ae?oaeo naeueneioicyenoaaiiua i?aaei?eyoey eniieuecotho n/ao
50, 51 e 55.
2. Oa?aeoa?enoeea e ninoiyiea o/?oa aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa a ENI «No?aia
Niaaoia».
2.1 E?aoeay oeiainiai-yeiiiie/aneay oa?aeoa?enoeea ENI «No?aia niaaoia»
Ia?aiiaeneiai ?aeiia A? E?ui.
ENI «No?aia niaaoia» auei nicaeaii a 1996 aiaeo ia iniiaa eieoica
«No?aia niaaoia» e yaeyaony aai i?aaii?aaiieeii.
Oicyenoai iaoiaeeony a naaa?iie /anoe Ia?aiiaeneiai ?aeiia A? E?ui.
Ianoiiieiaeaiea oicyenoaa auaiaeiia, iineieueeo iii ?aniieiaeaii a
iaiin?aaenoaaiiie aeecinoe io ?aeiiiiai oeaio?a i.a.o. Ia?aiiaeneia (10
ei), a oaeaea aeecei io e?oiiiai i?iiuoeaiiiai oeaio?a ai?iaea
E?aniiia?aeiinea (30 ei), e?iia oiai aei aeeaeaeoae aeaeaciiaei?iaeiie
noaioeee Aieiea– 20 ei, ii oa??eoi?ee oicyenoaa i?ioiaeeo e?oiiay
aaoiiiaeeueiay iaaeno?aeue Neioa?iiieue-A?iyine , yoe oneiaey iiaee au
niinianoaiaaoue oniaoiie i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie aeayoaeueiinoe
i?aaei?eyoey. Caiee i?aaei?eyoey ?aniieiaeaiu a Noaiiii
aa?ieeeiaoe/aneii ?aeiia, oneiaey eioi?iai naiaia?aciua (canooe,
nooiaae, aieueoea eieaaaiey oaiia?aoo?, o?iii-eaooaiiaua ii/au) e aeey
aaaeaiey n.o. i?iecaiaenoaa o?aaotho aunieie eaaeeoeeaoeee ?oeiaiaenoaa.
ENI ninoieo ec o??o ioaeaeaiee, ?aniieiaeaiiuo eiiiaeoii ia ?annoiyiee
5-7 ei ae?oa io ae?oaa a ianaeaiiuo ioieoao : n. I?aaaea , n. Iaoaaaaea
, n. A?aociai , naycaiiuo oi?ioeie a?oioiauie e anoaeueoe?iaaiiuie
aei?iaaie, oaeei ia?acii ia i?aaei?eyoee i?eiaiyaony ioaeaeai/aneay
nenoaia aaaeaiey i?iecaiaenoaa. Aaaeiui oaeoi?ii, aeeythuei ia anth
oicyenoaaiioth aeayoaeueiinoue yaeyaony iaee/ea i?ioaiey ia aieueoae
/anoe caiaeue oicyenoaa, i?aaaea neaaeoao ioiaoeoue, /oi nenoaia iiaea/e
aiaeu (eioeiaay) cia/eoaeueii eciineeanue e o?aaoao aieueoeo aeiaeaiee a
?aiiio, ii an? au? ooieoeeiie?oao e iaania/eaaao aunieea i?eaaaee
o?iaeaaa n.o. eoeueoo?. Oicyenoai oaeaea eiaao niaie ca?iioie,
oieiaeeeueiee, aeicaaiae, ianioeao , aeayoaeueiinoue iineaaeieo, e
niaeaeaieth, ii i?e/eia ionoonoaey n?aaenoa i?einoaiiaeaia, ii
iai?oaeiaaiea eni?aaii e iiaei au ?aaioaoue, oaaee/eaay aeioiaeu
i?aaei?eyoey.
?anniio?ei ?acia?u i?aaei?eyoey e i?iecaiaenoaa a oaaeeoea 2.1.
Oaaeeoea 2.1
Aeeiaieea ?acia?ia i?iecaiaenoaa ENI « No?aia niaaoia» Ia?aiiaeneiai
?aeiia A? E?ui.
AIAeU
IIEACAOAEE 1995 1996 1997 1998 1998 a % e 1995
Iauay caiaeueiay ieiuaaeue, aa
a o./. n.o. oaiaeee, aa, ec ieo
iaoiy
naaeu
aeiia?aaeieee
i?ioaaiua caiee 5476
5015
4337
541
–
3653 4816
4347
3768
550
–
3265 4816
4347
3774
371
–
3265 4623
4194
3714
371
–
3265 84,4
83,6
85,6
68,6
–
89,4
N?aaeiaaiaeiaay /eneaiiinoue ?aai/eo, /ae 564 420 374 443 78,5
Noieiinoue aaeiaie i?iaeoeoeee a niiinoaaeiuo oeaiao, oun aeai. aae.
2000 830.3 2498.8 1583,1 79,2
N?aaeiaaiaeiaay noieiinoue iniiaiuo n?aaenoa, oun. a?i 55562 40572 36942
36914 66,4
N?aaeiee inoaoie iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa, oun. a?i 602 1213.6 1475.3 1325,4
220,2
Onoaaiue oiiae, oun. a?i 10553 19871,1 19095,6 18892,7 179,0
Au?o/ea io ?aaeecaoeee(aac IAeN), oun. a?i 1008 760,.4 1429,8 1603,9
128,0
Aaeainiaay i?eaueue, oun. a?i -1089 -1572.7 -690,5 -338,9 –
Cao?aou ia i?iecaiaenoai, oun. a?i 3487,2 2997,4 2838,6 2601,6 74,6
Aaeiaie aeioiae, oun. a?i -1680 -365.4 -107.7 -210,2 –
Iiaieiauea aeeaioiuo, one. aie. 1490 1490 534 510 34,2
Cao?aou o?oaea, oun /ae-/an 565 679 459 370 65,5
Aeeiaieea ?acia?ia i?iecaiaenoaa ENI « No?aia niaaoia» naeaeaoaeuenoaoao
i nie?auaiee ianooaaia aaaeaiey oicyenoaa, e nie?auaiea iauae caiaeueiie
ieiuaaee–ia naiay aeaaiay i?e/eia. Yoi nie?auaiea i?iecioei a nayce n
i?iaaaeaieai iaaaaiey a oicyenoaa e auoiaeii eo ENI ioaeaeueiuo
iaeueeia, ?aoeaoeo ia yoie iniiaa nicaeaoue naie oa?ia?neea
oicyenoaa–i?iecioei nie?auaiea ieiuaaeae n.o. oaiaeee e iaoie ia15-16%.
Oaeaea a oicyenoaa auea i?iecaaaeaia ?anei?/?aea noa?uo
iaeii?iaeoeoeaiuo naaeia, a ?acoeueoaoa ieiuaaee naaeia nie?aoeeenue ia
31,4%.
Iniiaiie i?e/eiie nieaeaiey iau?iia i?iecaiaenoaa noaea iioa?y
i?aaei?eyoeai aieueoae /anoe iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa a ?acoeueoaoa eioeyoeee
e e?ecena, ioaaoeaoaai anth yeiiiieeo Oe?aeiu. A oicyenoaa ia oaaoaao
n?aaenoa aeey ii?iaeueiiai niaethaeaiey oaoiieiaee i?iecaiaenoaa, ia
auiieiythony ?aaiou, aac eioi?uo i iieo/aiee aunieeo o?iaeaaa ia iiaeao
auoue e ?a/e. ?aaioieee i?aaei?eyoey oaea aieaa 2-oo eao ia iieo/atho
ca?ieaoo a a? aeaiaaeiii yeaeaaeaioa, eeoue a eiioea aiaea oicyenoai
?ann/eouaaaony n ieie iaoo?iieaoie–nie?auaiea /eneaiiinoe ?aaioieeia
i?iecioei ia 31,5%.
I?aeoe/anee ia aeaa o?aoe auei nie?auaii iiaieiauea aeeaioiuo,
aeeaioiiaiaenoai au? iaaeaaii auei iaeiie ec iniiaiuo io?aneae oaia?ue
aaeaeo naiae iayooaeoeaiinoe nie?auaaony.
Ca iineaaeiea o?e aiaea oicyenoai iaeciaiii caeai/eaaei
i?iecaiaenoaaiiue ia?eiae n oauoeaie, aaeeinoaaiiie i?eaueueiie
io?aneueth auei i?iecaiaenoai ca?iiauo, yoiio niinianoaiaaee
ioiineoaeueii aunieea o?iaeae yoeo eoeueoo? ia i?ioaiee, noaaeeueiue
ni?in ia yoo i?iaeoeoeeth ia ?uiea e aeaaii?eyoiua oneiaey aeey a?
o?aiaiey e ia?a?aaioee.
Noaaeeecaoeey yeiiiie/aneie neooaoeee a iineaaeiea aiaeu iicaieeee
oicyenoao ianeieueei oaaee/eoue i?iecaiaenoai eiaiii ca?iiauo e
ieiaeiauo eoeueoo? , /oi neacaeinue ia au?o/ea io ?aaeecaoeee
i?iaeoeoeee, ii oai ia iaiaa oeiainiaue ?acoeueoao inoaeny
io?eoeaoaeueiui, aeaaiie i?e/eiie yoiai yaeyaony iaiaeaaeaiiinoue
nenoaiu nauoa i?iaeoeoeee.
?anniio?ei no?oeoo?o au?o/ee io ?aaeecaoeee a oicyenoaa ca iineaaeiea
aiaeu a neaaeothuae oaaeeoea.
Oaaeeoea 2.2
Aeeiaieea e no?oeoo?a ?aaeecaoeee i?iaeoeoeee ENI « No?aia niaaoia»
Ia?aiiaeneiai ?aeiia A? E?ui.
No?oeoo?a aeaiaaeiie au?o/ee yaeyaony iieacaoaeai niaoeeaeecaoeee
i?aaei?eyoey, iaeiaei a iuiaoieo oneiaeyo i?aeoe/anee ethaia oicyenoai
aeieaeii ia?aniao?eaaoue iaai? oiaa?ia, i?iecaiaeeiuo ei e iaoeaeeaaoue
aai ia iio?aaiinoe ?uiea, yoa aea neooaoeey iaaethaeaaony a ianoiyuaa
a?aiy e a ENI «No?aia niaaoia»
Aeeiaieea eciaiaiey no?oeoo?u au?o/ee io ?aaeecaoeee naeaeaoaeuenoaoao i
nie?auaiee aeiee a iae au?o/ee io ?aaeecaoeee i?iaeoeoeee
aeeaioiiaiaenoaa, iniiaiay ianna aeaiaaeiuo iinooieaiee i?ienoiaeeo io
?aaeecaoeee ?anoaieaaiae/aneie i?iaeoeoeee, ia a? aeieth a 1998 aiaeo
i?eoiaeeeinue aieaa 73 % au?o/ee.
Iaeaieueoee oaeaeueiue aan a 1998 aiaeo caieiatho io?anee ca?iiaiai
iieaaiaenoaa e ieiaeiaiaenoaa, yoe io?anee eiatho iaeaieueooth
ia?niaeoeao naiaai ?acaeoey a aoaeouai, iiyoiio ?oeiaiaenoai
i?aaei?eyoey ?aoeei aeeaaeuaaoue n?aaenoaa eiaiii a ieo.
Oaeei ia?acii ia iniiaaiee aeaiiuo i au?o/ea a 1998 aiaeo
niaoeeaeecaoeeth i?aaei?eyoey iiaeii ii?aaeaeeoue eae ca?ii-ieiaeiaoth,
iaeiaei iaeuecy aeaoue aa?aioee, /oi iia ia eciaieony a aoaeouai.
Aunieee o?iaaiue niaoeeaeecaoeee i?iecaiaenoaa oa?aeoa?ai aeey no?ai n
?acaeoie ?uii/iie yeiiiieeie, oaeay oceay iai?aaeaiiinoue iicaieyao
i?aaei?eyoeth oaaee/eoue eioaineaiinoue e yooaeoeaiinoue aeiaeaiey
n?aaenoa, cae?aieoueny ia ii?aaeae?iiie ?uii/iie ieoa e oaa?aiii
/oanoaiaaoue naay a eiieo?aioiie ai?ueaa. Iiaeii neacaoue, /oi nae/an
?oeiaiaenoai iaoiaeeony ia noaaeee iienea iaeaieaa iioeiaeueiie
niaoeeaeecaoeee.
A neaaeothuae oaaeeoea ?anniio?ei eioaineaiinoue e yooaeoeaiinoue
aaaeaiey i?iecaiaenoaa ca iineaaeiea aiaeu, iineieueeo eo o?iaaiue ai
iiiaii iaoneaaeeaatho ?acoeueoaoeaiinoue oicyenoaiaaiey aiiaua.
Oaaeeoea 2.3
O?iaaiue e aeeiaieea eioaineaiinoe e yooaeoeaiinoe aaaeaiey oicyenoaa
ENI « No?aia niaaoia» Ia?aiiaeneiai ?aeiia A? E?ui.
AIAeU
IIEACAOAEE 1995 1996 1997 1998 1998 e 1995 ,%
Ia 100 aa n.o. oaiaeee:
Iaoie
Iniiaiuo e iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa, oun a?i
Iiiaieaoieo ianaaeaeaiee, aa
Iiaieiauea neioa, one. aie.
Cao?aou o?oaea, oun /ae-/
Aaeiaie i?iaeoeoeee (a nii. oeaiao), oun. aeai. aae.
Aaeiaiai aeioiaea, oun. a?i
I?eauee, oun. a?i
86,5
1138,9
10,8
29,7
11,3
39,8
–
–
86,6
961,3
12,7
34,2
15,6
19,1
–
–
86,8
883,8
8,5
12,3
18,7
57,5
–
–
88,6
911.8
8.8
12.1
8.8
37.7
–
–
102,4
80,1
81,5
40,7
77,9
84,7
–
–
Ia iaeiiai n?aaeiaaiaeiaiai ?aaioieea:
Iniiaiuo n?aaenoa, oun a?i
Yia?ai?ano?nia, e.n.
I?iecaaaeaii AI (a nii. oeaiao), oun. a?i.
100,3
51,6
3,6
96,6
47,4
2,0
98,8
53,2
6,7
83.3
48.6
3.57
83,1
94,2
99,2
I?iecaaaeaii AI ia 1 /ae-/an, (a nii. Oeaiao), a?i.
3,5
2,0
3,1
4.3
122,9
O?iaeaeiinoue iceiuo ca?iiauo, oe/aa
21,4
10,5
31,2
27.2
127,1
O?iaeaeiinoue:
einoi/eiauo, oe/aa
naia/eiauo, oe/aa
–
–
3,3
3,7
3,3
242
0.7
28.8
–
–
Oaeie iieiea ia 1 ei?iao, e
N?aaeianooi/iue i?e?ino E?N ,a
N?aaeianooi/iue i?e?ino naeiae, a 1642
327
127 889
370
120 912
165
120 1398
132
276 85,1
40,4
217,3
Cao?aou ei?iia:
ia 1oe iieiea, e.a.
ia 1 oe i?eaana E?N, e.a.
ia 1 oe i?eaana naeiae, e.a.
4,1
18,9
25,7
3,0
33,7
26,2
3,4
36,4
27,4
3.1
63.6
15.4
75,6
336,5
59,9
O?iaaiue niaieoiiie ?aioaaaeueiinoe, %
Ii?ia i?eauee, %
OAUOIE
OAUOIE
OAUOIE
OAUOIE
Eae aeaeii ec oaaeeoeu eioaineaiinoue i?iecaiaenoaa, ?aaii eae e aai
yooaeoeaiinoue iaaeatho, oaaee/aiea ?yaea iieacaoaeae yooaeoeaiinoe
naycaii n nie?auaieai eiee/anoaa ?aaioieeia, caiyouo a i?iecaiaenoaa, e
oaaee/aieai i?iecaiaenoaa iaeioi?uo aeaeia i?iaeoeoeee, a neeo
i?e?iaeiuo oaeoi?ia.
Eaa/a anaai i?eaioe?iaaoueny a iaoo?aeueiuo iieacaoaeyo,
oa?aeoa?ecothueo oicyenoaaiiue i?ioeann, a iie naeaeaoaeuenoaotho i
iieiaeeoaeueiuo oaiaeaioeeyo a ?anoaieaaiaenoaa( o?iaeaeiinoue ca?iiauo
oaaee/eeanue ia 27,1%, oaaee/eeanue oaeaea o?iaeaeiinoue ieiaeiauo) e
io?eoeaoaeueiie a aeeaioiiaiaenoaa(oaeie iieiea ca ?anniio?aiiue ia?eiae
oiaee aaeaia, cia/eoaeueii nie?aoeeenue n?aaeianooi/iua i?e?inou E?N e
naeiae, oaaee/eeny ?anoiae ei?iia ia i?iecaiaenoai aaeeieoeu
i?iaeoeoeee).
A oeaeii iiaeii neacaoue, /oi o?iaaiue eioaineaiinoe e yooaeoeaiinoe
i?iecaiaenoaa e?aeia ieceee, a aeey aai oaaee/aiey i?aaei?eyoeth
iaiaoiaeeiu cia/eoaeueiua aeaiaaeiua «aeeaaiey», enoi/ieeii eioi?uo iia
au noaoue e?aoein?i/iue e?aaeeo.
E?ecen ia iia ia neacaoueny ia oeiainiaii ninoiyiee i?aaei?eyoey,
aaaeue aaeaaiaeii oicyenoai oa?yei ieiei ieeeeiia a?eaai oauoeia, e?iia
oiai ia?iiiua noiiu i?iaaeaea eioeyoeey, aeeiaieea eciaiaiey oeiainiaiai
ninoiyiey i?eaaaeaia a oaaeeoea 2.4.
Aiaeec iieacaoaeae oaaeeoeu iicaieyao naeaeaoue auaiae i oii, /oi
i?aaei?eyoea iiea au? yaeyaony oeiainiai iacaaeneiui noauaeoii,
iineieueeo aeiey ca?iiuo enoi/ieeia n?aaenoa iacia/eoaeueia, ii
oaaee/eaaaony.
Iieacaoaee ieao?aeaniiniaiinoe oaeaea eiatho iaaaoeaioth oaiaeaioeeth, e
a aieueoae naiae /anoe ieaea ii?iu, yoi naycaii n iaaeinoaoeii iai?ioiuo
n?aaenoa, eioi?ua yaeythony aa?aioii ieao?aeaniiniaiinoe i?aaei?eyoey.
Ii yoie aea i?e/eia ieceei yaeyaony eiyooeoeeaio iaiaa?aiiinoe, /oi
ia?aie/eaaao iiaeeueiinoue oicyenoaa a i?eiyoee ?aoaiee a iaeanoe
oi?aaeaiey i?iecaiaenoaii.
Iiaeii naeaeaoue auaiae, /oi i?e nio?aiaiee oaeie oaiaeaioeee eciaiaiey
oeiainiaiai ninoiyiey i?aaei?eyoea iaecaaaeii noaiao aaie?ioii.
Oaaeeoea 2.4
Oeiainiaia ninoiyiea ENI « No?aia niaaoia» Ia?aiiaeneiai ?aeiia A? E?ui
e aai aeeiaieea.
Iioeiaeueiue AIAeU
IIEACAOAEE o?iaaiue
iieacaoaey 1995 1996 1997 1998
Aaethoa aaeaina, oun a?i
Nianoaaiiua enoi/ieee n?aaenoa, oun a?i
?an/?ou e i?i/ea e?aoein?i/iua ianneau, oun a?i
Aeieain?i/iua ianneau, oun a?i
Iai?ioiua n?aaenoaa, oun. a?i,
ec ieo nianoaaiiua
Aeaaeoi?neay caaeieaeaiiinoue, oun. a?i
E?aaeeoi?neay caaeieaeaiiinoue, oun. a?i SYMBOL 120 \f “Times New
Roman” \s 14 x
SYMBOL 120 \f “Times New Roman” \s 14 x
SYMBOL 120 \f “Times New Roman” \s 14 x
SYMBOL 120 \f “Times New Roman” \s 14 x
SYMBOL 120 \f “Times New Roman” \s 14 x
SYMBOL 120 \f “Times New Roman” \s 14 x
SYMBOL 120 \f “Times New Roman” \s 14 x
SYMBOL 120 \f “Times New Roman” \s 14 x 4272
4133
139,3
–
602
463
14
37 22402
21783
619,1
–
1213,6
594,5
67,1
348,5 20897
19801,6
1096,2
92,2
1475,3
645,2
135,7
1096,2 20507,2
19013,7
1020,5
473
1561,4
67,9
159
1020,5
Aeaiaaeiua iaee/iua n?aaenoaa, oun. a?i SYMBOL 120 \f “Times New Roman”
\s 14 x 11 2,0 – –
Eiyooeoeeaio niioiioaiey ca?iiuo e nianoaaiiuo n?aaenoa aei 0,5 0,03
0,03 0,06 0,08
Eiyooeoeeaio iaiaa?aiiinoe 0,4-0,6 0,11 0,03 0,03 0,003
Iauee eiyooeoeeaio iie?uoey
I?iiaaeooi/iue eiyooeoeeaio iie?uoey
Eiyooeoeeaio aaniethoiie eeeaeaeiinoe >2.0
0,5
0.25 4,32
0,18
0,08 1,96
0,11
0,03 1,35
0,12
– 1,05
0,11
–
Eiyooeoeeaio niioiioaiey aeaaeoi?neie e e?aaeeoi?neie caaeieaeaiiinoe
1,0
0,37
0,19
0,12
0,16
Eiyooeoeeaio iai?a/eaaaiinoe iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa –
1,67
1,28
0,97
102,7
A oeaeii , ?anniao?eaay i?e?iaeii-yeiiiie/aneia e oeiainiaia ninoiyiea
i?aaei?eyoey, iiaeii naeaeaoue auaiae, /oi oicyenoai ?aniieaaaao
aieueoei iioaioeeaeii, ?aaeeciaaoue eioi?ue iaoaao iaaeinoaoie n?aaenoa.
Ecuneaiea eioi?uo aeieaeii auoue iaeiie ec iniiaiuo caaea/ ?oeiaiaenoaa
oicyenoaa ia aeaiiii yoaia, a i?ioeaiii neo/aa aio a?iceo aaie?ionoai.
2.2 No?oeoo?a aooaaeoa?ee ENI «No?aia Niaaoia».
Aooaaeoa?ey ENI «No?aia Niaaoia» yaeyaony oeaio?aeeciaaiiie, o.a. ana
o/?oiua caiene i?iecaiaeyony a aooaaeoa?ee oeaio?aeueiie onaaeueau
eieoica. A i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo iiae?acaeaeaieyo anoue o/?o/eee. O/?o
aaae?ony eniieuecoy ?aaeno?u aeo?iaeueii-i?aea?iie oi?iu. O/?oiue
aiia?ao aooaaeoa?ee ian/eouaaao 14 /aeiaae.
?en.2.1 No?oeoo?a aooaaeoa?ee ENI «No?aia Niaaoia».
Ai aeaaa aooaaeoa?ee noieo aeaaiue aooaaeoa?. A aai iiae/eiaiee
caianoeoaeue aeaaiiai aooaaeoa?a e aooaaeoa?a ioaeaeia. Anaai a
aooaaeoa?ee /aou?a ioaeaea :
i?iecaiaenoaaiiue ioaeae
iaoa?eaeueiue ioaeae
?an/?oiue ioaeae
eanna
A i?iecaiaenoaaiiii ioaeaea aaaeoo o/?o oanoue /aeiaae: aooaaeoa? ii
?anoaieaaiaenoao, aooaaeoa? ii aeeaioiiaiaenoao, aooaaeoa? ii
i?iiuoeaiiiio i?iecaiaenoao, aooaaeoa? ii iaoaiecaoeee, aooaaeoa?
ianeoaeeaathuaai i?iecaiaenoaa , aooaaeoa? ii ?aaeecaoeee. A noa?o eo
aeayoaeueiinoe aoiaeeo o/?o cao?ao i?iecaaae?iiuo i?aaei?eyoeai ia
aaaeaiea iniiaiiai, aniiiiaaoaeueiiai e ianeoaeeaathuaai i?iecaiaenoaa,
a oaeaea auoiae i?iaeoeoeee yoeo i?iecaiaenoa e eaeueeoeyoeey a?
naaanoieiinoe.
Iaoa?eaeueiue ioaeae ninoaaeytho o?e /aeiaaea : aooaaeoa? ii i?iaeoeoai,
aooaaeoa? ii oiaa?ai, aooaaeoa? ii iaoa?eaeueiui n/aoai, yoe ?aaioieee
ioaa/atho ca aaaeaiea o/?oa ii n/aoai i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo caiania e
aioiaie i?iaeoeoeee, iieo/aiiie io ?anoaieaaiaenoaa, aeeaioiiaiaenoaa e
i?iiuoeaiiiai i?iecaiaenoaa.
A ?an/?oiii ioaeaea aeaa /aeiaaea : aooaaeoa? ii ?an/?oai e aooaaeoa? ii
iieaoa o?oaea– a eo iaycaiiinoe aoiaeeo aaaeaiea o/?oa iia?aoeee ii
aicieeiiaaieth e iiaaoaieth ?acee/iuo caaeieaeaiiinoae ia?aae
i?aaei?eyoeai ni noi?iiu iieoiaoaeae e caeac/eeia, iiaeio/?oiuo eeoe,
i?i/eo aeaaeoi?ia, a oaeaea caaeieaeaiiinoe i?aaei?eyoey ia?aae
iinoaaueeaie e iiae?yae/eeaie, athaeaeaoii, i?aaiaie nioeeaeueiiai
no?aoiaaiey, ia?niiaeii ii iieaoa o?oaea e i?i/eie e?aaeeoi?aie.
A eanna iaeei /aeiaae – eanne?, ia iaai aiceiaeaiu iaycaiiinoe ii
aaaeaieth e o/?oo eanniauo iia?aoeee.
A oeaeii aiaeece?oy no?oeoo?o, ninoaa e ?aaioo aooaaeoa?neie neoaeau ENI
«No?aia Niaaoia» iiaeii naeaeaoue auaiae, /oi i?e iuiaoiai iieiaeaiee
oicyenoai ia ioaeaeaaony a noieue ?anoe?aiiii ooaoa o/?oiuo ?aaioieeia,
eiee/anoaaiiua iieacaoaee ia ia?a?anoatho a ea/anoaaiiua, n?aaee
?aaioieeia oieueei 1 eiaao aunoaa niaoeeaeueiia ia?aciaaiea, i?e
caiieiaiee aieueoeinoaa aooaaeoa?neeo aeieoiaioia ia niaethaeaaony
nouanoaothuea o?aaiaaiey. Aeaaea i?e oneiaee iieoiee iaeiiai
eiiiuethoa?a i?aaei?eyoea iiaei au cia/eoaeueii iiauneoue ea/anoai o/?oa
e nie?aoeoue eiee/anoai eniieuecoaiuo ?aaioieeia aei 8-10, /oi aeaaea
i?e naaiaeiyoiai oyae?eii oeiainiaii iieiaeaiee aiieia ?aaeueii.
2.3 O/?o eanniauo iia?aoeee a aooaaeoa?ee ENI «No?aia Niaaoia».
Niaeanii caeiiiaeaoaeuenoao Oe?aeiu i?aaei?eyoey aeieaeiu i?iecaiaeeoue
?an/?ou ii naiei iaycaoaeuenoaai ia?aae ae?oaeie i?aaei?eyoeyie,
i?aaiecaoeeyie e o/?aaeaeaieyie a aaciaee/iii ii?yaeea– /a?ac
o/?aaeaeaiey aaieia eeai aaenaeyie. Iai?io iaee/iuo aeaiaa i?aaei?eyoee
naycai a iniiaiii n iieaoie o?oaea, auieaoie iiniaee ii nioeeaeueiiio
no?aoiaaieth, iieaoie ?anoiaeia ia neoaeaaiua eiiaiaee?iaee
iia?aoeeiiiuo, oicyenoaaiiuo ?anoiaeia.
Aeey i?e?ia ,o?aiaiey e ?anoiaeiaaiey iaee/iuo aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa ENI
«No?aia Niaaoia» eiaao eanno, iai?oaeiaaiioth a niioaaonoaee n
aeaenoaothuei caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii.
Ca nio?aiiinoue aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa a eanna ioaa/aao eanne?, eioi?ue
ian?o iieioth iaoa?eaeueioth ioaaonoaaiiinoue.
Naea/a aeaiaa a aaie ioi?ieyaony Iauyaeaieai ia aciin iaee/iuie, a
eioi?ii oeacuaaaony iaeiaiiaaiea i?aaei?eyoey, ca /oi naeathony
aeaiueae, iiaeienue aiineoaey.
Oaaeeoea 2.5
Ii?yaeie aianaiey iaee/iuo aeaiaa a aaie
1 Caiieiaiea aeaiea iauyaeaiey ia aciin o
2 Aianaiea aeaiaa o o
3 Ioi?ieaiea eaeoaioeee e i?aea?a a eanno
o
4 Iieo/aiea eaeoaioeee o
5 I?eeiaeaiea i?aea?a a eanno e auienea aaiea o o
Ia i?eiyooth io i?aaei?eyoey noiio aaie auaea?o eaeoaioeeth, a eioi?ie
oeacuaaaony ,io eiai i?eiyou aeaiueae, ca/eneaiu ia n/?o?…, ca /oi,
noiia, iiaeienue aooaaeoa?a aaiea, oeacaiioth noiio a eaeoaioeee i?eiye
eanne?. Eaeoaioeey iaycaoaeueii caaa?yaony ia/aoueth aaiea. Ia iniiaaiee
eaeoaioeee eanne? nienuaaao aeaiueae ii eanna.
Oaaeeoea 2.6
Ii?yaeie iieo/aiey iaee/iuo aeaiaa a aaiea
1 Caiieiaiea anao ?aeaeceoia /aea e ei?aoea o
2 Iiaeienue /aea
o
3 ?anienea iieo/aoaey /aea a ei?aoea /aea
o
4 I?iaa?ea i?aaeeueiinoe caiieiaiey /aea e aai iieaoa
o
5 Iieo/aiea aeaiaa
o
Eino?oeoeeae ?4 i?aaeoniio?aii, /oi eieeaeoeaiua naeueoici?aaei?eyoey,
eiathuea aeaiaaeioth au?o/eo io ?aaeecaoeee naeueoici?iaeoeoeee
nianoaaiiiai i?iecaiaenoaa e i?iaeoeoeee a? ia?a?aaioee, aeeth/ay
ecaioiaeaiea ia aeaaaeue/aneeo oneiaeyo e iieo/aiey a ii?yaeea ano?a/iie
i?iaeaaee, iiaoo eniieueciaaoue iaee/iinoue ec au?o/ee ia iieaoo o?oaea,
noeiaiaeee, iiniaee ii nioeeaeueiiio no?aoiaaieth naiei ?aaioieeai.
Iniiaiay noiia aeaiaa iinooiaao ec o/?aaeaeaiee aaiea. Iieo/aiea aeaiaa
eanne? inouanoaeyao ii /aeo, i?aaeaa?eoaeueii caeacaa eo a aaiea ii
cayaeaieth i a?iie?iaaiee n?aaenoa. A /aea oeacuaatho aai iiia?, noiio
iieo/aaiuo n?aaenoa, ai?iae, aaea i?iecaiaeeony auieaoa ,/enei,
iaeiaiiaaiea ioaeaeaiey aaiea, eiio auaeaoue aeaiueae, iiaeiene
?oeiaiaeeoaey e aeaaiiai aooaaeoa?a i?aaei?eyoey.
Ii?eoiaeiaaiea iaee/iuo aeaiaa a eanno i?iecaiaeeony eanne?ii ii
i?eoiaeiui eanniaui i?aea?ai (IEI), iiaeienaiiui aeaaiui aooaaeoa?ii eee
oiieiiii/aiiuie ia yoi eeoeaie. I?e yoii auaea?ony eaeoaioeey
iiaeienaiiay aeaaiui aooaaeoa?ii e eanne?ii. I?e ninoaaeaiee IEI
aeieaeii auoue th?eaee/aneia iainiiaaiea aeey i?eiyoey aeaiaaeiuo
n?aaenoa a eanno. Iaeiia?aiaiii n caiieiaieai i?eoiaeiiai eanniaiai
i?aea?a ioi?ieyaony eaeoaioeey e iaio, eioi?ay auaea?ony eeoeo
,naeaaoaio aeaiueae, oieueei iinea iieo/aiey eo eanne?ii.
A i?eoiaeiii eanniaii i?aea?a oeacuaatho ,io eiai i?eiyou aeaiueae ,ca
/oi e noiia, iiaeienue aeaaiiai aooaaeoa?a e eanne?a. Iaee/iinoue,
iieo/aiiay a o/?aaeaeaieyo aaieia, aeieaeia ?anoiaeiaaoueny ia oa oeaee,
ia eioi?ua iia auea iieo/aia.
Auaea/o iaee/iuo aeaiaa eanne? ioi?ieyao ?anoiaeiui eanniaui i?aea?ii
(?EI) ,ieao?aeiuie aaaeiiinoyie ia auaea/o aaaina, ca?aaioiie ieaou
?aaioieeai. ?EI ninoaaeyaony i?e iaee/ee iniiaaiey, o.a. oeacuaaaony,
eiio auaeaiu aeaiueae e ia eaeea oeaee. Aeieoiaiou ia auaea/o aeaiaa
iiaeienuaathony ?oeiaiaeeoaeai e aeaaiui aooaaeoa?ii eee eeoeaie eie
oiieiiii/aiiuie. Iiaeienue ?oeiaiaeeoaey ia iaycaoaeueia ,anee eiaaony
aai ?ac?aoathuay iiaeienue ia i?eeaaaaiuo e ?anoiaeiui i?aea?ai
aeieoiaioao.
IEI e eaeoaioeey e iei, a oaeaea ?EI aeieaeiu auoue caiieiaiu /?oei
,aac eni?aaeaiee, aeaaea iaiai?aiiuo. Auaea/a IEI e ?EI eeoeai ,aiinyuei
eee iieo/athuei aeaiueae, cai?auaaony. I?e?i e auaea/a aeaiaa iiaeao
inouanoaeyoueny oieueei a aeaiue ninoaaeaiey eanniauo i?aea?ia.
IEI e ?EI ,a oaeaea caiaiythuea eo aeieoiaiou aei ia?aaea/e eo a eanno
?aaeno?e?othony aooaaeoa?eae a aeo?iaea ?aaeno?aoeee IEI e ?EI, e
aeieoiaioo i?enaaeaaaony ii?yaeeiaue iiia?. Ioia?aoeey IEI e ?EI
auiieiyaony ia?anoathuei eoiaii n ia/aea aei eiioea aiaea.
AEo?iae ?aaeno?aoeee IEI e ?EI iino?iai oaeei ia?acii ,/oi ii aai
aeaiiui eiio?iee?oaony oeaeaaia iacia/aiea iieo/aiiuo e ec?anoiaeiaaiiuo
iaee/iuo aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa i?aaei?eyoeai, i?iaa?yaony iieiioa
i?iecaaaeaiiuo eanne?ii iia?aoeee.
Ana oaeou iinooieaiey e auaea/e iaee/iuo aeaiaa aeieaeiu o/eouaaoueny a
Eanniaie eieaa, eioi?ay aeieaeia auoue i?iioia?iaaia ,i?ioio?iaaia e
iia/aoaia no?ao/iie eee ianoe/iie ia/aoueth. Ia iineaaeiae no?aieoea
aeaeaaony caienue «A ianoiyuae eieaa i?iioia?iaaii … no?aieoe»,
eioi?ay caaa?yaony iiaeienyie ?oeiaiaeeoaey e aeaaiiai aooaaeoa?a
i?aaei?eyoey.
Caiene a eanniaie eieaa aaaeoony a aeaoo yecaiiey?ao, eiathueo
iaeeiaeiaua iiia?a no?aieoe ,/a?ac eiie?iaaeueioth aoiaao. Aoi?ie
yecaiiey? eenoa yaeyaony io?uaiui e neoaeeo io/?oii eanne?a.. Iiae/enoee
e iaaeiaiai?aiiua eni?aaeaiey a eanniaie eieaa cai?auathony.
Eni?aaeaiey, naeaeaiiua ei??aeoo?iui niiniaii , caaa?ythony iiaeienyie
eanne?a e aeaaiiai aooaaeoa?a.
Caiene a eanniaoth eieao i?iecaiaeyony eanne?ii n?aco iinea iieo/aiey
eee auaea/e aeaiaa. Eanne? iaycai iiaen/eoaoue eoiae iia?aoeee ca aeaiue
,auaanoe inoaoie aeaiaa a eanna e ia?aaeaoue a aooaaeoa?eth io/?o aianoa
n i?eoiaeiuie e ?anoiaeiuie aeieoiaioaie iiae ?anieneo a eanniaie eieaa.
Aeey o/?oa iaee/ey e aeaeaeaiey aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa a eanna i?aaei?eyoey
eniieuecoaony aeoeaiue n/?o 50 «EANNA». Naeueaei n/?oa oeacuaaao ia
iaee/ea noiiu aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa a eanna i?aaei?eyoey ia ia/aei ianyoea
eee ia eiiaoe ianyoea. Iai?io ii aeaaaoo – yoi noiiu ,iinooieaoea
iaee/iuie a eanno ,iai?io ii e?aaeeoo – noiiu, auaeaiiua iaee/iuie ec
eannu.
Io/?o eanne?a, a eioi?ii aooaaeoa? i?inoaaeyao ei??aniiiaeaioeeth n/aoia
,neoaeeo iniiaaieai aeey caiieiaiey o/?oiuo ?aaeno?ia. Oae eae ia
i?aaei?eyoee i?eiaiyaony aeo?iaeueii-i?aea?iay oi?ia o/?oa, oi
i?iecaiaeeony caiieiaiea AEo?iaea-i?aea?a ?1-AIE n io?aaeaieai a i?i
iia?aoeee ii auaea/a iaee/iuo aeaiaa ii n/?oo 50 «EANNA» n
aaaeiiinoueth e iaio ?1a, n io?aaeaieai a iae iia?aoeee ii iinooieaieth
iaee/iuo aeaiaa a eanno.
Caiene a AEo?iae-i?aea? e aaaeiiinoue i?iecaiaeyony eoiaaie ca aeaiue.
Eoiae ca aeaiue a ?ac?aca ei??aniiiaee?othueo n/aoia onoaiaaeeaathony
ioo?i iiaen/?oa noii iaeii?iaeiuo iia?aoeee, io?aae?iiuo a eanniaii
io/?oa eee i?eeiaeaiiuo e iaio aeieoiaioao. Eaaeaeiio io/?oo eanne?a a
o/?oiuo ?aaeno?ao ioaiaeeony iaeia no?iea iacaaeneii io ia?eiaea, ca
eioi?ue ninoaaeai io/?o.
Ii ieii/aiee ianyoea aooaaeoa? ia?aiineo aeaiiua ec AEo?iaea-i?aea?a
?1-AIE e aaaeiiinoe ?1a a Aeaaioth eieao.
Aeey iia?aoeaiiai e iianaaeiaaiiai eiio?iey ca nio?aiiinoueth iaee/iuo
aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa e oeaiiuo aoiaa a eanna i?iaiaeyony ieaiiaua e
aiaieaiiaua i?iaa?ee eannu. ?anoiaeaeaiea oaeoe/aneiai iaee/ey
aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa n aeaiiuie aooaaeoa?neiai o/?oa ,auyaeaiiia a
?acoeueoaoa ?aaecee, ioi?ieyaony a aeoa neaaeothuei ii?yaeeii :
onoaiiaeaiiua eceeoee aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa a eanna i?eoiaeothony a
aeioiae i?aaei?eyoey, a auyaeaiiua iaaeinoa/e ioiinyony ia
iaoa?eaeueii-ioaaonoaaiiuo eeoe.
Iinooieaiea aeaiaa a eanno ioi?ieyaony I?eoiaeiuie eanniauie i?aea?aie e
niioaaonoaaiii oaaee/eaatho aeaaaoiaue iai?io ii n/?oo 50 “Eanna”.
Oaaeeoea 2.7
Eanniaua iia?aoeee ioi?ieyaiua IEI
Oicyenoaaiiay iia?aoeey Iniiaaiea Aeo Eo
1 2 3 4
Iaee/iay au?o/ea Ni?aaea-cayaeaiea i i?eiyoee au?o/ee eee aaainiaue
io/?o 50 46
Iieo/aii ec aaiea a eanno *ae ec /aeiaie eieaeee 50 51
Aica?ao iaeniieueciaaiiuo iiaeio/?oiuo noii Aaainiaue io/?o 50 71
Aianaiea n?aaenoa a iiaaoaiea iaaeinoa/ ii ?acoeueoaoai eiaaioa?ecaoeee
Aeo ?acoeueoaoia eiaaioa?ecaoeee e auienea ec i?ioieiea nia?aiey
eiiennee 50 72
Aica?ao nnoaeu ,iieo/aiiie ?aaioieeii ia no?ieoaeuenoai Aeiaiai? n
?aaioieeii ia nnoaeo 50 73
Aciin iaee/iuie a iiaao aiea caaeieaeaiiinoe ca oiaa?u, i?iaeaiiua a
e?aaeeo E?aaeeoiue aeiaiai? n ?aaioieeii 50 73
Aciin a onoaaiie oiiae Auienea ec Onoaaa eee i?ioieiea nia?aiey 50 75
Ieaoa ?iaeeoaeae ca niaea?aeaiea aeaoae a aeaoneeo o/?aaeaeaieyo
Aeiaiai? n ?aaioieeii ia niaea?aeaiea aeaoae 50 76
Ioianaiea eceeoea aeaiaa ii ?acoeueoaoai eiaaioa?ecaoeee eannu Aeo
?acoeueoaoia eiaaioa?ecaoeee e auienea ec i?ioieiea eiiennee 50 80
?anoiaeiuie eanniauie i?aea?aie ioi?ieyaony auaea/a aeaiaa ec eannu e ia
niioaaonoaothuoth noiio oaaee/eaaaony e?aaeeoiaue iai?io ii n/?oo 50
“Eanna”
Oaaeeoea 2.8
Eanniaua iia?aoeee ioi?ieyaiua ?EI
Oicyenoaaiiay iia?aoeey Iniiaaiea Aeo Eo
Iaee/iay au?o/ea a aaie Eaeoaioeey aaiea 51 50
A iiaeio/?o ia oicioaeaeu e eiiaiaee?iaee Cayaeaiea n aecie
?oeiaiaeeoaey eee i?eeac 71 50
Auieaoa ca?ieaou, iiniaee ec oiiaea iieaou o?oaea ?an/?oii-ieao?aeiay
eee ieao?aeiay aaaeiiinoue 70 50
Auieaoa iiniaee ca n/?o io/eneaiee ia nioeno?ao ?an/?oii-ieao?aeiay eee
ieao?aeiay aaaeiiinoue 69 50
Auaeaia nnoaea ?aaioieeai Aeaonoi?iiiee aeiaiai? 73 50
Aianaiea n?aaenoa a iiaaoaiea iaaeinoa/ ii ?acoeueoaoai eiaaioa?ecaoeee
Aeo ?acoeueoaoia eiaaioa?ecaoeee e auienea ec i?ioieiea nia?aiey
eiiennee 51 50
Aica?ao noaeu iieo/aiiie ?aaioieeii ia no?ieoaeuenoai Aeiaiai? n
?aaioieeii ia nnoaeo 51 50
Aianaiea ia ?/n aciina ?aaioieeia a iiaaoaiea caaeieaeaiiinoe ca oiaa?u
,i?iaeaiiua a e?aaeeo E?aaeeoiue aeiaiai? n ?aaioieeii 51 50
Aianaiea ia ?/n aciina a onoaaiue oiiae Auienea ec onoaaa eee i?ioieiea
nia?aiey 51 50
Aianaiea ia ?/n ieaou ?iaeeoaeae ca niaea?aeaiea aeaoae a aeaoneeo
o/?aaeaeaieyo Aeiaiai? n ?aaioieeii ia niaea?aeaiea aeaoae a aeaoneeo
o/?aaeaeaieyo 51 50
Ioianaiea eceeoea aeaiaa ii ?acoeueoaoai eiaaio-oeee eannu ia ?/n Aeo
?ac-oia eiaaioa?ecaoeee e auienea ec i?ioieiea nia?aiey 51 50
Oaaeeoea 2.9
Ei??aniiiaeaioeey n/aoia ii ?acoeueoaoai aeoa eiaaioa?ecaoeee a eanna
Niaea?aeaiea oicyenoaaiiie iia?aoeee Aeo Eo
Ii?eoiaeiaaiea eceeoeia aeaiaa 50 80
Io?aaeaiea oaeoa iaaeinoa/e aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa e aeaiaaeiuo aeieoiaioia
a eanna i?aaei?eyoey 84 50,56
Ioianaiea iaaeinoa/e ca n/?o iaoa?eaeueii-ioaaonoaaiiiai eeoea 72 84
O/?o iia?aoeee ii ?an/aoiiio n/aoo a aooaaeoa?ee
ENI «No?aia Niaaoia».
Aieueoay /anoue ?an/aoia iaaeaeo i?aaei?eyoeyie inouanoaeyaony
aaciaee/iui iooai – ia?a/eneaieai aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa ni n/aoa
ieaoaeueueea ia n/ao iieo/aoaey . Iin?aaeieeii i?e inouanoaeaiee yoeo
?an/aoia yaeyaony aaie .
A aaiea i?aaei?eyoeth aeey o?aiaiey aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa e iia?aoeee ii
?an/aoai ioe?uaatho ?an/aoiue n/ao . ?an/aoiua n/aoa ioe?uaathony
i?aaei?eyoeyi , yaeythueiny th?eaee/aneeie eeoeaie .
Ii?yaeie ioe?uoey ?an/aoiiai n/aoa ?aaeaiaioe?iaai eino?oeoeeae, a
niioaaonoaee n eioi?ie eaaeaeiio i?aaei?eyoeth iiaeao auoue ioe?uo
oieueei iaeei ?an/aoiue n/ao a iaeiii ec aaieia ii aai auai?o.
Ia ?an/aoiii n/aoa nin?aaeioa/eaathony naiaiaeiua aeaiaaeiua n?aaenoaa e
iinooieaiey ca ?aaeeciaaiioth i?iaeoeoeeth, auiieiaiiua ?aaiou e oneoae,
e?aoein?i/iua e aeieain?i/iua nnoaeu, iieo/aaiua io aaiea, e i?i/ea
ca/eneaiey.
N ?an/aoiiai n/aoa i?iecaiaeyony ii/oe ana ieaoaaee i?aaei?eyoey :
iieaoa iinoaaueeai ca iaoa?eaeu, iiaaoaiea caaeieaeaiiinoe athaeaeaoo,
nioeno?aoo, iieo/aiea aeaiaa a eanno aeey auaea/e ca?aaioiie ieaou,
iaoa?eaeueiie iiiiue, i?aiee e o.i.
I?e ?an/aoao iaaeaeo i?aaei?eyoeyie, aaieaie e ainoaea?noaii i?eiaiyaony
eaeaiaea?iay nenoaia ?an/aoia, oi anoue ana ieaoaaee n ?an/aoiiai n/aoa,
aeeth/ay io/eneaiey a athaeaeao e auieaoo ca?aaioiie ieaou,
i?iecaiaeyony a ii?yaeea eaeaiaea?iie io/aoiinoe (a ii?yaeea eo
iinooieaiey a aaie).
Ieaoaaee ii aaciaee/iui ?an/aoai aaie i?iecaiaeeo n niaeaney
aeaaeaeueoea ?an/aoiiai n/aoa . Eeoue i?e ieaoaaeao oeiainiaui i?aaiai
ii i?in?i/aiiui iaeiaai , ii i?eeacai a?aeo?aaea , i?e iiaaoaiee
i?in?i/aiiuo nnoae , nienaiea aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa n ?an/aoiiai n/aoa
i?iecaiaeeony aac aai niaeaney , oi anoue i?eioaeeoaeueii ii eieanniaiio
ii?o/aieth .
Aeey oiai, /oiau aaie i?eiye, auaeae eee inouanoaee iia?aoeeth n
aaciaee/iuie aeaiaaeiuie n?aaenoaaie, aooaaeoa? aeieaeai i?aaenoaaeoue a
aaie niaoeeaeueii ioi?ieaiiua aeieoiaiou, iiaeienaiiua ?oeiaiaeeoaeai e
aeaaiui aooaaeoa?ii i?aaei?eyoey ,o.a. eeoeaie, /uee ia?acoeu iiaeienae
i?aaenoaaeaiu a aaie.
Oaeeie ia?ae/iuie aeieoiaioaie, ia iniiaaiee eioi?uo inouanoaeythony
iia?aoeee ia ?an/aoiii n/?oa, yaeythony :
i?e iaee/iuo ?an/?oao– yoi aeaiaaeiua /aee e iauyaeaiea ia aciin
iaee/iuie;
a neo/aa aaciaee/iuo ia?a/eneaiee– ieao?aeiua ii?o/aiey, ieao?aeiua
o?aaiaaiey-ii?o/aiey, ?an/?oiua /aee, aee?aaeeoeau, aaenaey;
I?e aianaiee aeaiaa ia n/ao aaieo i?aaenoaaeyaony iauyaeaiea ia aciin
iaee/iuie (IAI) .ii?aaaeaoaeueiui aeieoiaioii i?e yoii yaeyaony
eaeoaioeey, caiieiyaiay aianoa n IAI, ioia/aiiay aaieii.
Aeaiaaeiua /aee i?aaenoaaeythony a aaie i?e niyoee n?aaenoa ni n/?oa ia
auieaoo ca?aaioiie ieaou, iainee ,iiniaey, eiiaiaee?iai/iua e
oicyenoaaiiua ioaeaeu. Ii?aaaeaoaeueiui aeieoiaioii i?e yoii yaeyaony
ei?aoie, eioi?ue inoa?ony a /aeiaie eieaeea i?aaei?eyoey.
Ieao?aeiia ii?o/aiea yaeyaony ?anii?yaeaieai eeeaioa ia ia?a/eneaiea
n?aaenoa ae?oaiio i?aaei?eyoeth eee i?aaiecaoeee. Iii auienuaaaony ia
iniiaaiee n/aoia-oaeoo? ,aeiaiai?ia, aeoia auiieiaiiuo ?aaio, iaeeaaeiuo
,?anii?yaeaiee aooaaeoa?ee ia ia?a/eneaiea iaeiaia e nai?ia e ae?.
Ieao?aeiia o?aaiaaiea-ii?o/aiea caiieiyaony iinoaaueeii e ia?aaea?ony
iieoiaoaeth aianoa n ioa?oaeaiiie i?iaeoeoeeae, a oaeaea iiaeao
ia?anueaoueny a aaie iieoiaoaey aeey aeoeaioa e acuneaiey ieaoaaea.
Iiea/eaaaony oieueei i?e iaee/ee n?aaenoa ia ?an/?oiii n/?oa iieoiaoaey
e aai ienueiaiiiai niaeaney ia iieioth eee /anoe/ioth iieaoo.
Ieao?aeiua aeieoiaiou auienuaathony, iiae eiie?iaaeueioth aoiaao a
eiee/anoaa yecaiiey?ia, iaiaoiaeeiuo aaieo e anai noi?iiai, eioi?ua
i?eieiatho o/anoea a ?an/?oao.
I?aaei?eyoea ia?eiaee/anee iieo/aao io aaiea auieneo ec ?an/aoiiai
n/aoa, o.a. ia?a/aiue i?iecaaaeaiiuo ei ca io/aoiue ia?eiae iia?aoeee. E
auienea aaiea i?eeaaathony aeieoiaiou, iieo/aiiua io ae?oaeo
i?aaei?eyoee e i?aaiecaoeee, ia iniiaaiee eioi?uo ca/eneaiu eee nienaiu
n?aaenoaa, a oaeaea aeieoiaiou, auienaiiua i?aaei?eyoeai.
Auienea ec ?an/aoiiai n/aoa yaeyaony aoi?ui yecaiiey?ii eeoeaaiai n/aoa
i?aaei?eyoey, ioe?uoiai aio aaieii e ,oaeei ia?acii, anoue iniiaiui
aeieoiaioii, niaeanii eioi?iio aooaaeoa? ninoaaeyao ei??aniiiaeaioeeth
n/aoia i aeaeaeaiee aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa . Auienea aaiea caiaiyao niaie
?aaeno? aiaeeoe/aneiai o/aoa ii ?an/aoiiio n/aoo e iaeiia?aiaiii neoaeeo
iniiaaieai aeey aooaaeoa?neeo caienae. Ana i?eeiaeaiiua e auienea
aeieoiaiou aanyony ooaiiii ”iiaaoaii”. Ioeai/ii ca/eneaiiua eee
nienaiiua n ?an/aoiiai n/aoa noiiu i?eieiathony ia n/ao 63 ”?an/aou ii
i?aoaiceyi”, a aaieo iaiaaeeaiii niiauaaony i oaeeo noiiao aeey aianaiey
eni?aaeaiee. A iineaaeothueo auieneao aaie aiineo eni?aaeaiey, a a
aooaaeoa?neii o/aoa i?aaei?eyoey caaeieaeaiiinoue nienuaaaony. I?iaa?ea
e ia?aaioea auienie aeieaeiu i?iecaiaeeoueny a aeaiue eo iinooieaiey.
Neioaoe/aneee o/ao iia?aoeee ii ?an/aoiiio n/aoo aooaaeoa?ey
i?aaei?eyoey aaaeao ia n/aoa 51 ”?an/aoiue n/ao”. Yoi aeoeaiue n/ao, ii
aeaaaoo eioi?iai caienuaathony inoaoie naiaiaeiuo aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa
i?aaei?eyoey ia ia/aei ianyoea, iinooieaiey iaee/iuo aeaiaa ec eannu
i?aaei?eyoey, aeaiaaeiua n?aaenoaa, ca/eneaiiua io iieoiaoaeae
i?iaeoeoeee, caeac/eeia, aeaaeoi?ia, iieo/aiiua nnoaeu. Ii e?aaeeoo
yoiai n/aoa io?aaeathony aeaiaaeiua n?aaenoaa a iiaaoaiea
caaeieaeaiiinoe i?aaei?eyoey iinoaaueeai iaoa?eaeueiuo oeaiiinoae
(oneoa), iiae?yae/eeai ca auiieiaiiua ?aaiou, athaeaeaoo, aaieo ca
iieo/aiiua nnoaeu, i?aaiai nioeeaeueiiai no?aoiaaiey e i?i/ei
e?aaeeoi?ai, a oaeaea noiiu, auaeaiiua i?aaei?eyoeth iaee/iuie a eanno.
Aeey io?aaeaiey iai?ioia ii e?aaeeoo n/aoa 51 neoaeeo
AEo?iae-i?aea? ?2-AIE. Iai?iou ii aeaaaoo yoiai n/aoa caienuaathony a
?aciuo aeo?iaeao-i?aea?ao e, e?iia oiai, eiio?iee?othony aaaeiiinoueth
?2a. Iniiaaieai aeey caiieiaiey yoeo ?aaeno?ia yaeythony i?iaa?aiiua e
ia?aaioaiiua auienee ec ?an/aoiiai n/aoa.
Noiiu n iaeeiaeiauie ei??aniiiaee?othueie n/aoaie eaaeaeie auienee
neeaaeuaathony e caienuaathony a AEo?iae-i?aea? e a aaaeiiinoue eoiaaie.
Iaycaoaeueiia oneiaea aeey caiieiaiey ?aaeno?ia – eniieueciaaiea iaeiie
no?iee aeey eaaeaeie auienee iacaaeneii io oiai, ca eaeie ia?eiae iia
ninoaaeaia. Eiee/anoai caiyouo no?ie AEo?iaea-i?aea?a ?2-AIE e
aaaeiiinoe ?2a ca eaaeaeue ianyoe aeieaeii auoue iaeeiaeiaui e ?aaii
eiee/anoao iieo/aiiuo ca yoio ia?eiae auienie ec aaiea. Eae a AEo?iaea
i?aea?a ?2-AIE, oae e a aaaeiiinoe ?2 noiiu caienuaathony a ?ac?aca
ei??aniiiaee?othueo n/aoia n aeaaaoii e e?aaeeoii n/aoa 51.
Iaee/ea yoeo iieacaoaeae ca eaaeaeue io/aoiue ia?eiae iicaieyao n/aoiui
?aaioieeai aiaeece?iaaoue enoi/ieee iinooieaiey aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa ia
?an/aoiue n/ao i?aaei?eyoey, eiio?iee?iaaoue oeaeaaia eniieueciaaiea
n?aaenoa, eniieiaiea iaycaoaeuenoa ia?aae athaeaeaoii e i?i/eie
oicyenoaaiiuie i?aaiaie.
Oaaeeoea2.10
Ei??aniiiaeaioeey n/aoia ii n/?oo 51 “?AN*?OIUE N*?O”
? ii Niaea?aeaiea oicyenoaaiiie iia?aoeee Aeaaao E?aaeeo
1 2 3 4
1 Iinooieaiea au?o/ee ca ?aaeecaoeeth i?iaeoeoeee 51 46
2 Naea/a au?o/ee ec eannu 51 50
3 Ca/eneaiea i?iaeaiiuo aaethoiuo n?aaenoa 51 52
4 Aica?ao iaeeniieueciaaiiuo n?aaenoa iinoaaueeai 51 60
5 Aica?ao aaaina io caeac/eea 51 61
6 Iinooieaiea au?o/ee io iieoiaoaeae e caeac/eeia 51 62
7 Iinooieaiey ii i?aaeuyaeaiiui ?aiaa i?aoaiceyi 51 63
8 Ca/eneaiea n?aaenoa ec aiaathaeaeaoiuo oiiaeia 51 65
9 Ca/eneaiea n?aaenoa io i?aaiia nioeeaeueiiai no?aoiaaiey 51 69
10 Aica?ao iiaeio/?oiuie eeoeaie iaec?anoiaeiaaiiuo noii 51 71
11 Noiia aian?iiuo ia?niiaeii ieaoaaeae ii i?i/ei iia?aoeeyi 51 73
12 Iinooieaiea n?aaenoa io o/?aaeeoaeae 51 75
13 Iinooieaiea ?acee/iuo caaeieaeaiiinoae 51 76
14 Iinooieaiea noii io aei/a?ieo i?aaei?eyoee 51 78
15 Iinooieaiea noii io iiae?acaeaeaiee, eiathueo ioaeaeueiua aaeainu 51
79
16 Iinooieaiea a iiaaoaiea aeaaeoi?neie caaeieaeaiiinoe, nienaiiie
a i?ioeua aiaeu a oauoie, a oaeaea ?acee/iuo naieoeee, i?enoaeae?iiuo
eee i?eciaiiuo aeieaeieeaie,iieiaeeoaeueiua eo?niaua ?acieoeu ii
aaethoiui iia?aoeeyi 51 80
17 Iinooieaiea ieaoaaeae a n/?o aeioiaeia aoaeoueo ia?eiaeia 51 83
18 Iinooieaiea aacaiciacaeiuo noii io i?aaei?eyoee e eeoe 51 88
19 Ca/eneaiea e?aoein?i/iuo nnoae aaiea 51 90
1 2 3 4
20 Ca/eneaiea n?aaeian?i/iiai e?aaeeoa aaiea 51 91
21 Ca/eneaiea aeieain?i/iiai e?aaeeoa aaiea 51 92
22 Iinooieaiea ii i?aaeinoaaeaiiui caeiai io ae?oaeo i?aaei?eyoee 51 95
23 Iinooieaiea n?aaenoa oeaeaaiai oeiaine?iaaiey e oeaeaaua iinooieaiey
51 96
24 Iieo/aiea ?aaeeoa aaiea aeey auaea/e nnoae ?aaioieeai 51 97
25 Oieaoa noaeaaiuo ecaea?aeae e a?aeo?aaeiuo nai?ia, iauai?iecaiaenoa.
20,25
?anoiaeia,?anoiaeia ia ianeoaeeaaiea e oi?aaeaiea 26,44 51
26 ?anoiaeu ianeoaeeaathueo i?iecaiaenoa e oicyenoa 29 51
27 Iieaoa ?anoiaeia aoaeoueo ia?eiaeia 31 51
28 ?anoiaeu ii ioa?ocea e ?aaeecaoeee i?aeoeoeee 43 51
29 Auaea/a iaee/iuo aeaiaa a eanno 50 51
30 I?eia?aoaiea aaethoiuo n?aaeoa 52 51
31 Ca/eneaiea n?aaenoa ia aee?aaeeoeau e iniaua n/aoa, aeaiiie?iaaiea
n?aaenoa i?e auaea/a /aeiao eieaeae 55 51
32 Aueoi aeoeee o aeoeeiia?ia ,i?eia?aoaiea aeaiaaeiuo aeieoiaioia,
aeaiaaeiua n?aaenoaa a iooe 56 51
33 Oeiainiaua aeiaeaiey 58 51
34 Iieaoa n/aoia iinoaaueeia e iiae?yae/eeia 60 51
35 Auaeaiiua aaainu 61 51
36 Ioeai/ii nienaiiua aaieii n?aaenoaa 63 51
37 Ieaoaaee ai aiaathaeaeaoiua oiiaeu 65 51
38 Ieaoaaee a athaeaeao (iaeiae ,nai?u) 68 51
39 Ieaoaaee a i?aaiu nioeeaeueiiai no?aoiaaiey 69 51
40 Iiaaoaiea e?aaeeoa ?aaioieeia 73 51
41 Iieaoa aeeaeaeaiaeia aeoeeiia?ai 75 51
42 Iiaaoaiea e?aaeeoi?neie caaeieaeaiinoe 76 51
43 Ia?a/eneaiea n?aaenoa naiei aei/a?iei i?aaei?eyoeyi 78 51
44 Ia?a/eneaiea n?aaenoa naiei no?oeoo?iui iiae?acaeaeaieyi 79 51
45 Oiea/aiiua oo?aou e iaie, iioa?e io noeoeeiuo aaaenoaee 80 51
46 ?anoiaeu, inouanoaeyaiua ca n/?o i?eauee, inoathuaeny a
?anii?yaeaiee i?aaei?eyoey 81 51
47 ?anoiaeu ca n/?o oiiaeia niaoeeaeueiiai iacia/aiey 88 51
48 Iiaaoaiea e?aoein?i/iuo nnoae aaiea 90 51
49 Iiaaoaiea n?aaeian?i/iuo e?aaeeoia aiea 91 51
50 Iiaaoaiea aeieain?i/iuo e?aaeeoia aaiea 92 51
51 Iiaaoaiea iieo/aiiuo ca?iiuo n?aaenoa 95 51
52 Ia?a/eneaiea noii oeaeaaiai oeiaine?iaaiey 96 51
53 Iiaaoaiea nnoae , auaeaiiuo ?aaioieeai 97 51
Aooaaeoa?neee o/ao aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa eiaao aaaeiia cia/aiea aeey
i?aaeeueiie i?aaiecaoeee aeaiaaeiiai ia?auaiey , a yooaeoeaiii
eniieueciaaiee oeiainiauo ?ano?nia . Oiaeia ?ani?aaeaeaiea aeaiaaeiuo
n?aaenoa naii ii naaa iiaeao i?eiineoue i?aaiecaoeee aeiiieieoaeueiue
aeioiae . Iiyoiio ioaeii iinoiyiii aeoiaoue i ?aoeeiiaeueiii aeiaeaiee
a?aiaiii naiaiaeiuo aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa aeey iieo/aiey i?eauee .
2.5 O/?o iia?aoeee ii i?i/ei n/aoai a aaiea a aooaaeoa?ee ENI «No?aia
Niaaoia»
O/?o aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa, i?aaeiacia/aiiuo ia oeaeaaia eniieueciaaiea,
inouanoaeyaony ia n/?oa 55 « I?i/ea n/aoa a aaiea» . Ia n/?oa 55
io?aaeathony iaee/ea e aeaeaeaiea aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa i?aaei?eyoey,
iaoiaeyueony a aaiea ia iniauo n/aoao. Ia oeacaiiii n/?oa o/eouaaaony
oaeaea aeaeaeaiea n?aaenoa oeaeaaiai oeiaine?iaaiey e oeaeaauo
iinooieaiee, iai?eia?, iieo/aiiua ec athaeaeaoa n?aaenoaa ia
oeiaine?iaaiea aeaoneeo naaeia e o.ae..
Caienue iia?aoeee a AEo?iae-i?aea? ii e?aaeeoo n/?oa 55 oaeaea
i?iecaiaeeony ia iniiaaiee auienie aaiea a ?ac?aca ei??aniiiaee?othueo
n/aoia eoiaaie ii iaeii?iaeiui iia?aoeeyi. A yoii aeo?iaea
inouanoaeyaony oaeaea aiaeeoe/aneee o/?o ii n/?oo 55, eioi?ue aaae?ony
ii noan/aoai. Aeaaaoiaua iai?iou ii n/?oo 55 io?aaeathony a Aaaeiiinoe ?
25-AIE.
E n/?oo 55 ioe?uaatho neaaeothuea noan/aoa :
55-1 «Iniaue n/?o ii eaieoaeueiiio ?aiiioo» .
55-2 «Aee?aaeeoeau e iniaua n/aoa ii a?ociiai?ioo» .
55-3 «N/?o a aaiea ii aeioiaeai».
55-4 «N/?o a aaiea ii ?acieoeai oeai».
55-5 «I?i/ea n/aoa a aaieao».
55-6 «Naa?aaaoaeueiua na?oeoeeaou».
55-7 «I?eaaoecaoeeiiiua aoiaae».
55-8 «Eiii?oiue aeaiiceo»
55-9 «I?eaaoecaoeeiiiua n?aaenoaa a?aaeaeai».
A ENI «No?aia Niaaoia» eniieuecothony ia ana noan/aoa, a eeoue
iaeioi?ua.
Ia noan/?oa 55-1 o/eouaathony n?aaenoaa aii?oecaoeeiiiiai oiiaea,
i?aaeiacia/aiiua ia eaieoaeueiue ?aiiio iniiaiuo n?aaenoa, e ae?oaea
n?aaenoaa, i?aaeoniio?aiiua oeiainiaui ieaiii ia oa aea oeaee,
ia?a/eneaiiua n ?an/?oiiai eee aiaeiae/iiai aio n/?oa i?aaei?eyoey ia
iniaue n/?o a aaiea ii eaieoaeueiiio ?aiiioo.
Ia noan/?oa 55-2 o/eouaaaony aeaeaeaiea n?aaenoa, iaoiaeyueony a
aee?aaeeoeaao, ia iniayo n/aoao ii a?ociiai?ioo e a /aeiauo eieaeeao.
Aee?aaeeoea – ii?o/aiea aaiea iieoiaoaey aaieo iinoaaueea i?iecaanoe
iieaoo ca ioa?oaeaiioth i?iaeoeoeeth, oiaa?, ieacaiiua oneoae, ia
oneiaeyo, iaiai?aiiuo a yoii ii?o/aiee.
Ia noiio aunoaaeaiiiai aee?aaeeoeaa aeaeatho caienue ii aeaaaoo n/?oa
55-2 a ei??aniiiaeaioeee n ?an/?oiui n/?oii eee n/aoaie nnoae aaiea. Ii
e?aaeeoo noan/?oa 55-2 io?aaeaaony eniieueciaaiea noiiu aee?aaeeoeaia a
ei??aniiiaeaioeee ni n/?oii 60 «?an/?ou n iinoaaueeaie e iiae?yae/eeaie»
a noiia iiea/aiiuo oiaa?ii-o?ainii?oiuo iaeeaaeiuo e ae?oaeo
aeieoiaioia.
I?e cae?uoee aee?aaeeoeaa noiia aai inoaoea ia?a/eneyaony ia oio n/?o ,
n eioi?iai aee?aaeeoea eee iniaue n/?o aue ioe?uo. A o/?oa cae?uoea
aee?aaeeoeaa io?aaeatho ii aeaaaoo n/aoia 51 «?an/?oiue n/?o», 90
«E?aoein?i/iua e?aaeeou aaieia» e e?aaeeoo noan/?oa 55-2 «Aee?aaeeoeau e
iniaua n/aoa ii a?ociiai?ioo».
Niaa?oainoaiaaiea o/?oa aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa a ENI «No?aia Niaaoia»
Aiaeece?oy iinoaiiaeo o/?oa aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa a aooaaeoa?ee ENI
«No?aia Niaaoia», neaaeoao ioiaoeoue, /oi ia iauai oiia i?aiaa?aaeaiey
aieueoeinoaii o?aaiaaiee, i?aaeuyaeyaiuo e caiieiaieth ia?ae/iuo
aeieoiaioia e aooaaeoa?neeo ?aaeno?ia i?e aeo?iaeueii-i?aea?iie oi?ia
o/?oa, o/?o iia?aoeee ii aeaiaaeiui n/aoai a oicyenoaa aaae?ony ia
aeieaeiii o?iaia. Iniiaiay i?e/eia yoiai aeaeeony iai a no?iaie
?aaeaiaioaoeee yoiai o/anoea o/?oa ni noi?iiu ainoaea?noaa, i?e /?i
oicyenoai iinoiyiii iuouaao eiio?ieue iaae niaie a yoie iaeanoe ni
noi?iiu ianeoaeeaathueo aaieianeeo o/?aaeaeaiee, iaeiaiauo
aaeieieno?aoeee e ae?oaeo i?aaiia.
Iaeiaei i?e anae no?iainoe e ?aaeaiaioe?iaaiiinoe iaeuecy ia ioiaoeoue
aiciiaeiinoue oeo/oaiey ea/anoaa ?aaiou aooaaeoa?ee oicyenoaa ia yoii
o/anoea.
Ia?aia, /oi a?inaaony a aeaca–yoi oi, /oi ?aaioa ii aaaeaieth iia?aoeee
ia n/aoao aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa aiceiaeaia ia aeaoo ?aaioieeia, /oi i?e
naaiaeiyoieo iau?iao aooaaeoa?neeo ?aaio ia yoii o/anoea
iaiicaieeoaeueiay ?ineioue. A ?acoeueoaoa oicyenoai aaeaaiaeii
?anoiaeoao ieiei 1500 a?eaai ia niaea?aeaiea «eeoiaai» ?aaioieea.
Aeaaiue aooaaeoa?, caieiathueeny aaaeaieai iia?aoeee ii ?an/?oiiio e
i?i/ei n/aoai a aaiea, ia a ninoiyiee auiieiyoue naie iaiin?aaenoaaiiua
iaycaiiinoe ii eiio?ieth i?aaiecaoeee e aaaeaiey o/?oa ia ae?oaeo
o/anoeao. Anth ?aaioo ii o/?oo aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa neaaeiaaei au
aiceiaeeoue ia eanne?a i?aaei?eyoey, niaoeeaeecaoeey yoiai ?aaioieea ia
yoie noa?a aooaaeoa?neiai o/?oa i/aaeaeia, yoi iicaieeei au oeo/oeoue
ea/anoai i?iecaiaeeiuo ?aaio e iieo/aaiie io o/?oa eioi?iaoeee ia
oieueei ia yoii o/anoea, ii e anae aooaaeoa?ee a oeaeii ca n/?o
aunaiaiaeaeaiey a?aiaie o aeaaiiai aooaaeoa?a e ia?aa?inee aai ia
i?aaiecaoeeth e iinoaiiaeo o/?oa ia ae?oaeo o/anoeao.
Neaaeothuaa i?aaeeiaeaiea oaeaea auoaeaao ec iau?ia ?aaio, auiieiyaiuo a
ianoiyuaa a?aiy a aooaaeoa?ee i?aaei?eyoey ii o/?oo aeaiaaeiuo
n?aaenoa–iaaeinoaoie n?aaenoa neacuaaaony ia eiee/anoaa e iau?iao eo
aeaeaeaiey e niioaaonoaaiii iau?iao o/?oiuo ?aaio. Aiaeece?oy no?oeoo?o
?aaeno?ia aeo?iaeueii-i?aea?iie oi?iu o/?oa, i?aaeiacia/aiiuo aeey
?aaeno?aoeee iia?aoeee ii aeaiaaeiui n/aoai (AE-I ?1,2,3; Aaaeiiinoe
?1a,2a,25-AIE), iiaeii naeaeaoue auaiae i oii, /oi iie eaeaioe/iu. Oaeei
ia?acii, aianoi caiieiaiey o??o aeo?iaeia-i?aea?ia e o??o aaaeiiinoae
noaiiaeony aiciiaeiui eniieueciaaiea iaeiiai, niaea?aeauaai anth
eioi?iaoeeth ii iaee/eth e aeaeaeaieth aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa ii
i?aaei?eyoeth ia aaca 1-ai aeo?iaea-i?aea?a e aaaeiiinoe e iaio. I?e
yoii aeey ?aaeno?aoeee iia?aoeee ii eaaeaeiio ec n/aoia ioaiaeeony 10-12
no?ie (anaai a AE-I ?1 30 no?ie), /oi aiieia aeinoaoi/ii i?e
ia?eiaee/iinoe aianaiey o/?oiuo aeaiiuo a yoio ?aaeno? 3-4 aeiy aeey
io?aaeaiey aeaeaeaiey a oeaeii ca ianyoe. AEo?iae-i?aea? e aaaeiiinoue
ii aeaaaoiaui iai?ioai e iaio aoaeoo auaeyaeaoue neaaeothuei ia?acii (ni
?en.3.1).
?en 3.1 Iaeao AEo?iaea-i?aea?a e aaaeiiinoe ii o/?oo aeaiaaeiuo
n?aaenoa.Anoanoaaiii, /oi aeey eniieueciaaiey aiciiaeiinoae yoie
i?ia?aiiu oicyenoao iaiaoiaeeii i?eia?anoe ia?niiaeueiue eiiiuethoa?,
eioi?ue iiaeii eniieueciaaoue ia oieueei aeey o/?oa aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa,
ii ae?oaeo o/anoeia aooaaeoa?ee.
Eanne? oi?ie?oao oaee, niaea?aeauee yeaeo?iiioth oaaeeoeo, oi?ia eioi?ie
aiaeiae/ia oi?ia Eanniaie eieae e aiineo a ia? n eeaaeaoo?u eioi?iaoeeth
i ca?aaeno?e?iaaiiuo a AEo?iaea EI-3 aeieoiaioao, oaaeeoea aoaeao eiaoue
aeae, aeiionoei, /oi aoiaeiie inoaoie ii eanna 500 a?i :
Iia?aoeee ?aaeno?e?othony eanne?ii a oa/aiea anaai ianyoea, aaaeaiea
eanniaie eieae ia eneeth/aaony, ai ecaaaeaiea ianaieoeeiie?iaaiiiai
aeinooia e yoie oaaeeoea iinoi?iiieo eeoe ioe?uoea oaeea eiaee?oaony
ia?ieai, eioi?ue iiaoo ciaoue oieueei eanne? e aeaaiue aooaaeoa?.
Ii ieii/aiee ianyoea aeey iieo/aiey eoiaiauo iai?ioia ii n/?oo 50
«Eanna» eanne? aeieaeai i?iecaanoe n oaaeeoeae neaaeothuea iia?aoeee:
1.i?e iiiiue n?aaenoa oeeueo?aoeee Excel ioae?athony nia/aea ana caiene
ii e?aaeeoo n/?oa 50, a caoai ii aeaaaoo;
Iia?aoeee ii aeaaaoo:
? aeie Aeaoa Niaea?aeaiea iia?aoeee Noiia Aeaaao E?aaeeo
1 01.yia Iinooieei n ?an/?oiiai n/aoa 5000 50 51
2 02.yia Iinooieea au?o/ea 1200 50 46
5 04.yia Naeaii a eanno io Neaei?iaa iiaeio/?oiay noiia 500 50 71
6 04.yia Naeaia iiaeio/?oiay noiia io Iao?iaa 150 50 71
9 05.yia Iinooieea caaeieae-oue io iieoiaoaey “Aeno” 500 50 62
10 05.yia Ieaoa ca aeaonaae io Eaaiiaa 100 50 76
Iia?aoeee ii e?aaeeoo:
? aeie Aeaoa Niaea?aeaiea iia?aoeee Noiia Aeaaao E?aaeeo
3 03.yia Iiea/aiu ec eannu i?eia?ao?iiua iaoa?eaeu 155 5 50
4 03.yia Naeaii a aaie 4900 51 50
7 04.yia Auaeaia ec eannu iiiiuue ii ooiaeo ca ?aa?ieii 200 69 50
8 04.yia Auaeaia aeaiiie?iaaiiay c/i Eeaiaiueaao 120 70 50
2.ioia?aiiua caiene iii/a??aeii eiie?othony ia iiaue eeno oaeea Excel;
3.ii eaaeaeiio ec ioia?aiiuo nieneia ninoaaeyaony Naiaeiay oaaeeoea,
no?oeoo?a eioi?ie eaeaioe/ia ni no?oeoo?ie AE-I ?1 e aaaeiiinoueth e
iaio.
Iai?iou ii e?aaeeoo:
Noiia ii iieth Noiia Aeaaao
E?aaeeo 5 51 69 70 Iauee eoia
50 155 4900 200 120 5375
Iauee eoia 155 4900 200 120 5375
Iai?iou ii aeaaaoo:
Noiia ii iieth Noiia E?aaeeo
Aeaaao 46 51 62 71 76 Iauee eoia
50 1200 5000 500 650 100 7450
Iauee eoia 1200 5000 500 650 100 7450
Eiay eioi?iaoeeth i ia/aeueiii inoaoea aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa a eanna
i?iecaiaeei ianeiaeiua au/eneaiey e iieo/aai auoiaeiia naeueaei ii n/?oo
50 «Eanna» : 500 a?i + 7450a?i – 5375a?i =2575 a?i ,/oi iiaeii naeaeaoue
eeai a?o/ioth, eeai i?e iiiiue Excel.
Oa?aeoa?enoeee naiaeiuo oaaeeoe iicaieytho iieo/aoue eioi?iaoeeth a
oaeii aeaea eae ca ianeieueei aeiae, oae e ca aanue ianyoe, i?e yoii
naiaeiay oaaeeoea ninoaaeaiiay ca 5-6 aeiae aaoiiaoe/anee iaiiaeyaony
i?e aianaiee iiauo caienae a nienie iia?aoeee.
Oaeay iinoaiiaea ?aaiou a eanna cia/eoaeueii oi?inoeo ?aaioo eanne?a
naycaiioth n aaaeaieai o/?oiie aeieoiaioaoeee, iiaen/?oii iai?ioia e
auaiaeii inoaoeia.
Caeeth/aiea
ENI “No?aia Niaaoia” Ia?aiiaeneiai ?aeiia A? E?ui yaeyaony oicyenoaii
n?aaeieo ?acia?ia, ca?ii-ieiaeiaiai iai?aaeaiey. E niaeaeaieth, a nayce
n oyae?eui yeiiiie/aneei iieiaeaieai i?aaei?eyoea eniuouaaao aeoaieee
e?ecen niaaea i?iecaiaenoaa. Iniiaiay i?e/eia yoiai–iaaeinoaoie
n?aaenoa, eioi?ue ia iicaieyao iiaeaea?aeeaaoue oicyenoaaiioth
aeayoaeueiinoue ia aeieaeiii o?iaia. Oaeei ia?acii, aii?inu i?aaeeueiie
iinoaiiaee o/?oa e oeaeaaiai eniieueciaaiey aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa ia
i?aaei?eyoee yaeythony aeooaeueiuie e naiaa?aiaiiuie.
A nayce n aaaeiie ?ieueth, eioi?oth ea?atho aeaiueae a yeiiiieea no?aiu
aii?inu o/?oa e eniieueciaaiey aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa a Oe?aeia no?iai
?aaeaiaioe?othony ainoaea?noaaiiuie i?aaiaie. Iiyoiio ia oiia ia nianai
niioaaonoaothuaai ii?iai aaaeaiey aooaaeoa?neiai o/?oa a oicyenoaa, o/?o
aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa iinoaaeai ia aeieaeiii o?iaia e aaae?ony n
niaethaeaieai anao ii?i e o?aaiaaiee aeo?iaeueii-i?aea?iie oi?iu o/?oa.
A oiaea auiieiaiey eo?niaiai i?iaeoa iaie auee auyaeaiu neaaeothuea iooe
niaa?oainoaiaaiey iinoaiiaee o/?oa a aooaaeoa?ee oicyenoaa:
ana iaycaiiinoe ii aaaeaieth o/?oa iia?aoeee ia aeaiaaeiuo n/aoao
aiceiaeeoue ia eanne?a, yoi iicaieeo aeaaiiio aooaaeoa?o aieueoa a?aiaie
oaeaeyoue niaa?oainoaiaaieth iinoaiiaee o/?oa ia ae?oaeo o/anoeao;
a nayce n iaaieueoei iau?iii o/?oiuo ?aaio, naycaiiuo n aeaiaaeiuie
n?aaenoaaie i?aaeeaaaaony aanoe ana o/?oiua caiene ii n/aoai 50. 51, 55
a iaeiii aeo?iaea-i?aea?a, ?acaeoii ia 3 iaeanoe, i?e ia?eiaee/iinoe
aianaiey caienae 3-5 aeiae;
i?aaeeaaaaony i?eia?anoe ia?niiaeueiue eiiiuethoa? aeey aaaeaiey o/?oa
ia oieueei ii aeaiaaeiui n/aoai, ii e ii ae?oaei, eniieuecoaiui
oicyenoaii, i?e iiiiue i?eeiaeaiey Microsoft Office- Excel, iaoiaeeea
iienaia.
Aiaae?aiea a o/?o auoaia?a/eneaiiuo i?aaeeiaeaiee iicaieeo cia/eoaeueii
onei?eoue caiieiaiea o/?oiuo ?aaeno?ia, iicaieeo iia?aoeaii iieo/aoue
eioi?iaoeeth, iaiaoiaeeioth aeey io/?oiinoe, oeo/oeo ea/anoai iieo/aaiie
eioi?iaoeee e i?aaeioa?aoeo aiciiaeiua ioeaee.
Nienie eniieueciaaiiie eeoa?aoo?u
Aaae/ A. O/?o aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa. // Aooaaeoa?neee o/?o e aoaeeo. – ?
2.– 1994a.– n. 28-31.
Aanaeianeee A. A?aiaiiia iieiaeaiea ii onoaiiaeaieth eeieoia inoaoea
iaee/iuo aeaiaa a eanna ,ii?i ?anoiaeiaaiey aeaiaa ec au?o/ee, n?ieia e
ii?yaeea naea/e au?o/ee i?aaei?eyoeyie, i?aaiecaoeeyie ,o/?aaeaeaieyie e
ENI. Ooaa?aeaeaii Iinoaiiaeaieai I?aaeaiey IAO ? 21 io 2.02.95a.
//Aooaaeoa?neee o/?o e aoaeeo.– ? 3.– 1995a.– n. 31-34.
Aanaeianeee A. A?aiaiiue ii?yaeie i?aaiecaoeee eiio?iey ca niaethaeaieai
eanniaie aeenoeeieeiu. Ooaa?aeaeaii Iinoaiiaeaieai I?aaeaiey IAO ? 21 io
2.02.95a. // Aooaaeoa?neee o/?o e aoaeeo.– ? 7.– 1995a.– n. 25-29.
Aiioa A. Iiaue ii?yaeie ?an/?oia a aaethoa // Aecian.– ? 27.– 1996a.– n.
15
Aeaieeai A.A. Aooaaeoa?neee o/?o ia naeueoic i?aaei?eyoeyo. Iineaa.–
«Aa?ii?iiecaeao».– 1990a.– n. 86.
Aeia?ioa I. Aeaiaaeiia ia?auaiea. Ii?yaeie aaaeaiey eanniauo iia?aoeee.
// Aaeain.– ? 20.– 1996a.– n. 19-23.
Eino?oeoeey ? 3 ia ioe?uoee aaieaie n/aoia a iaoeeiiaeueiie e
eiino?aiiie aaethoa. Ooaa?aeaeaii Iinoaiiaeaieai I?aaeaiey IAO io
27.05.96. // E?ui-aecian.– ? 25.– 1996a.– n. 9-15.
Ee?eaiei N. O/?o e aoaeeo eanniauo iia?aoeee. // Aooaaeoa?neee o/?o e
aoaeeo.– ? 6.– 1998a.– n. 6-8.
Iaea?ueaaa A.E. Aooaaeoa?neee o/?o aeey iaeiaiaie io/?oiinoe. 2-a ecae.,
ia?a?aa. e aeii.– I.: Iaaeaeoia?iaeiue oeaio? oeiainiai-yeiiiie/aneiai
?acaeoey, 1997.– 256 n.
Ieaeaeeoii Ae. Aooaaeoa?neee o/?o e i?eiyoea oeiainiauo ?aoaiee // Ia? n
aiae.; Iiae ?aae. E.E. Aeenaaaie. – I.: Aoaeeo, THIEOE, 1997.– 408 n.
Iaca?iaa I.A. I?aaiecaoeey ?aaiou ii ia?auaieth iaee/iuo n?aaenoa a
o/?aaeaeaieyo aaieia. // Iaeiae e aooaaeoa?neee o/?o.– ? 7.– 1996a.– n.
23-24.
I aianaiee a iaeioi?ua caeiiu Oe?aeiu eciaiaiee ioiineoaeueii ioe?uoey
aaieianeeo n/aoia : Caeii Oe?aeiu io 16.12.97a. ? 725. //Aaeain ? 4.–
26.01.98a. –n. 2-3.
Iecaiaieueoe I.C. e Aa?aaa A.I. Aooaaeoa?neee o/?o a naeueneii
oicyenoaa. Iineaa.– «Aa?ii?iiecaeao».– 1987a.– n. 54.
Ii?yaeie aaaeaiey eanniauo iia?aoeee a ia?iaeiii oicyenoaa Oe?aeiu :
Iinoaiiaeaiea I?aaeaiey IAO io 2.02.95 a. ? 21 //An? i aooaaeoa?neii
o/?oa . –? 10. – 1995 a. – n. 5-12.
Naiae?eeiaa O.N. O/?o aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa e ?an/?oiuo iia?aoeee //
Yeiiiieea naeueneioicyenoaaiiuo e ia?a?aaaouaathueo i?aaei?eyoee.– ? 6.–
1991a.– n. 51-52.
Oea/aiei I.I. Aooaaeoa?neee o/?o ia i?aaei?eyoeyo n ?acee/iuie oi?iaie
nianoaaiiinoe.– Eeaa.– «A.N.E.»– 1997a.– n. 39-54.
*aaaiiaa I.A., AEeoa?aaa A.O.. O/?o iia?aoeee ii aeaiaaeiui n/aoai.–
Oa?ueeia.– «Oaeoi?».– 1997a.– n. 106.
*aaaiiaa I.A., Eioaiei E.I. Aooaaeoa?neee o/?o.– Eeaa.– 1997a.– n. 5-46.
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