.

Социология

Язык: русский
Формат: реферат
Тип документа: Word Doc
55 686
Скачать документ

“?acaiae. Ii/aio?”

“?aaiinoue e eciaiu eae oaiiiaiu noi?oaeaneie aeeciue.”

Ai iiiaeo no?aiao aeinoaoi/iui iniiaaieai e iaeiei ec naiuo /anouo
iioeaia i?e ?acaiaea neoaeeo eiaiii noi?oaeaneay iaaa?iinoue. A iaoae
no?aia i?eia?ii /aoaa?oue anao i?e/ei ?acaiaeia naycaiii n ia?ooaieai
noi?oaeaneie aa?iinoe.

Eciaia cao?aaeaaao iaeanoue noi?oaeaneeo /oanoa, yaeyynue aioeiiaeii
ethaae. Aeey nia?aiaiiie naiuee ethaiaue – aaaeiaeoee iioea aeey
anooieaiey a a?ae, ia?aaeei aaeeinoaaiiia iniiaaiea aeey nicaeaiey e
nouanoaiaaiea naiuee. Eciaia aea io?aaeaao ?aciua i?ioeai?a/ey,
eiioeeeou aeenaa?iiieth iaaeaeo noi?oaaie. Noi?oaeaneith iaaa?iinoue
iiaeii ano?aoeoue a naiueyo n aeaaiiieo/iuie e onoie/eauie ioiioaieyie ,
/aua – a eiioeeeoiuo i?iaeaiiuo naiueyo , a oaeaea a naiueyo n
e?eoe/aneeie , i?aeoe/anee ?ac?ooaiiuie ioiioaieyie noi?oaia.

Iioea “eciaiu” iaaethaeaaony /aua anaai i?e ?anoi?aeaiee iieiaeuo a?aeia
/oi naeaeaoaeuenoaoao nei?aa i iac?aeinoe , eaaeiiuneee noi?oaia, i
iaiiieiaiee naiaeiuo oeaiiinoae e oaeiai iiiyoey eae ”nayuaiiinoue
naiaeiuo oc”. Ia?iiioth ?ieue caeanue ea?aao yoe/aneia ainieoaiea e
iauay eoeueoo?a ethaeae. Ai ana a?aiaia eoeueoo?a ioae/eiu, aai /anoue e
aeinoieinoai ii?aaeaeyeenue eoeueoo?ie aai ioiioaiee e aeaiueia.
Enoeiiay eoeueoo?a caeeth/aaony a oii, /oiau aeaeaoue e oaaaeaoue a
aeaiueia i?aaeaea anao /aeiaaea , ae?oaa e ee/iinoue.

E?iia oiai noi?oaeaneay aa?iinoue ai iiiaii caaeneo io aeia?a/iiai
iiaaaeaiey: ioae/eiu e aeaiueiu, eiathuea aeia?a/iua iieiaua nayce,
eaa/a ia?ooatho iaao noi?oaeaneie aa?iinoe. Yoi naycaii n oai, /oi
?aiiee iieiaie iiuo, nei?aa anaai ia iniiaaiiue ia ianoiyuae ethaae,
nieaeaao ioeaieo naenoaeueiuo ioiioaiee e /oanoai aeieaa, iaycaoaeuenoaa
ii ioiioaieth e ae?oaiio ia?oia?o. *oanoai noi?oaeaneiai aeieaa – yoi
iniciaiea /aeiaaeii naieo iaycaoaeuenoa ia?aae a?a/iui ia?oia?ii,
ioiaeaeanoaeaiea naieo ee/iuo eioa?ania n eioa?anaie naiuee. Ii
i?eciaaaoue /oanoai aeieaa – yoi aua ia ana. Ii yoiio iiaiaeo i/aiue
oi/ii ienae I.A. Aeia?iethaia “ Ia oiai iiaeii iacaaoue /aeiaaeii
enoeiii i?aanoaaiiui, /oi oieueei oa?ieo iaae niaie aaeaiea aeieaa, eae
eaeia-oi oyaeaeia eai …, a eiaiii oiai , eoi caaioeony neeoue
o?aaiaaiea aeieaa n iio?aaiinoyie aioo?aiiaai nouanoaa naiaai, eoi
noa?aaony ia?a?aaioaoue eo a naith ieioue e e?iaue aioo?aiiei
i?ioeannii naiiai niciaiey e naii?acaeoey oae, /oiau iie ia oieueei
naeaeaeenue einoeieoeaii iaiaoiaeeiu, ii e aeinoaaeyee aioo?aiiaa
ianeaaeaeaiea“. Oaeei ia?acii , aa?iinoue, i?aaeaiiinoue – yoi
i?aanoaaiiue aeiea ia?aae ae?oaei ia?oia?ii.

Nouanoaoao iiaiea i oii, /oi eciaia, neo/aeiay naycue canoaaeyao
/aeiaaea iiiyoue , /oi a naiuea auea ethaiaue, eciaia aae?oa aunaa/eaaao
yoi. Ii iaeioi?ui enneaaeiaaieai, 75% ioae/ei ia iaoiaeyo a neo/aeiii
ia?oia?a oiai, /oi iaeeaeaee, e ia/eiatho aieueoa oeaieoue naith aeaio.
N?aaee iaaa?iuo aeai /enei oaeeo, eoi ia eniuoae ie/aai, e?iia
?aci/a?iaaiey e oa?ucaiey niaanoe, ieacaeinue aua aieueoa – 90%. Noi?oa
iniciaao, /oi niaa?oee no?aoioth ioeaeo, /oi i?aaeae aeeceiai /aeiaaea e
ai?aaeue aoaeao aei?iaeeoue naiei i/aaii.

E ana aea a aieueoeinoaa neo/aaa eciaia ia eaeao ia iieueco ethaae.
Eciaio iaaa?iia i?inoeoue o?oaeiaa anaai. E o?oaeii. aeaaea iaaiciiaeii
caauoue. Aeaaea noi?oae n nieeaeiui naiaeiui noaaeai i?eciathony, /oi
ainiiieiaiea ia eciaia iaeiiai ec ieo nio?aiyao ai?a/ue ia aeieaea
aiaeu. E ai?a/ue e iai?eyciue e oiio, eoi a eaeie-oi iiiaio i?aaeae
naiueth, ethaiaue.

Eciaia ?ac?ooaao naiueth, iaaaaeii, eoi eciaiee, ioae eee aeaia.
I?inoeoue aa eee ia i?inoeoue caaeneo io /aeiaaea, io oiai, neieueei
ethaae nio?aieeinue a aeooa, niiaeao ee, anee ia caauoue, oi aeoaiei
cai?yoaoue iaeaeo iaianaiioth eciaiie.

Eiaaea aeeaaoue n /aeiaaeii, aianoa n iei no?ieoue naiueth, naie aeii, a
eioi?ii aoaeoo ?anoe aeaoe, ioaeii auoue oaa?aiiui a yoii /aeiaaea.
Oaa?aiiui, /oi ii ia i?aaeano, ia eciaieo. Eciaia, eae iaiaeeaeaiiue
oaea? iaioiaoue, auaeaaao ii/ao ec-iiae iia. Ia eaaeaeue a ninoiyiee
iinea oaeiai oaea?a ii?aaeoueny.

A?yae ee iiaeii ooaa?aeaeaoue, /oi eciaio niaa?oaao oieueei
aaci?aanoaaiiue /aeiaae. Anee a naiuea iaii?iaeueiua ioiioaiey,
iiaeic?aiey, ?aaiinoue, neaiaeaeu, ionoonoaoao aeia?ioa, ni/oanoaea,
iiieiaiea, oi ?aii eee iicaeii yoi i?eaaaeao e oiio, /oi iaeei ec
noi?oaia iaaieueii ia/eiaao eneaoue /aeiaaea , eioi?ue aai iiieiaao e
oaaaeaao a iai ee/iinoue.

A eaaeaeii eiie?aoiii neo/aa iaiaoiaeeii eiaoue a aeaeo iioeau,
oieeathuea ioae/eio eee aeaiueio ia eciaio. N iaeiie noi?iiu, yoi iiaeao
auoue ouaneaaea, iuouaiea ee/iie “naiaiaeu”, ?aniouaiiinoue niauaiea
i?aanoaaiiuo oeaiiinoae, n ae?oaie noi?iiu – neaaioa?aeoa?iinoue,
neeiiiinoue e iiae/eiaieth, nioeeaeueiay iac?aeinoue, iaonoie/eaay
aeeciaiiay iiceoeey. A caaeneiinoe io yoiai e ia?a inoaeaeaiey
noi?oaeaneie iaaa?iinoe aeieaeia auoue ?aciie. Yoa ia?a aoaeao caaenaoue
e io oiai, ianeieueei aeoaiea i?e/eiaiiay eciaiie aieue e iaeaea; eae
i?aiiaeianaia auea – oeeie/ii, neo/aeii ee, inoi?iaeii, n ?aaiiaeooeai,
a i?enoonoaee ae?oaeo ethaeae e o.ae.; eae auea aini?eiyoa iino?aaeaaoei
io eciaiu noi?oaii – ao?iie ?aaeoeeae, neaiaeaeii, yiioeeiiaeueii eee
niieieii, ?aoeeiiaeueii.

A nia?aiaiiuo enneaaeiaaieyo aeaeathony iiiuoee i?iaiaeece?iaaoue
i?e/eiu noi?oaeaneie iaaa?iinoe. I?eaaaeai caeanue iaeio ec
eeanneoeeaoeee.

Iiaay ethaiaue. Yoa i?e/eia noi?oaeaneie iaaa?iinoe oa?aeoa?ia aeey
a?aeia, aaea ethaiaue auea iacia/eoaeueiie eee aiana ionoonoaiaaea
(?annoaei/iua, ?aoeeiiaeueiua eee auioaeaeaiiua a?aee, iniiaaiiua ia
auaiaea, no?aoa iaeeii/anoaa).

Aiciacaeea. I?e iiiiue eciaiu ?aaeecoaony aeaeaiea ioiinoeoue ca
iaaa?iinoue noi?oaa, /oiau ainnoaiiaeoue /oanoai nianoaaiiiai
aeinoieinoaa.

Ii?oaaiiay ethaiaue. A a?a/iuo ioiioaieyo ionoonoaoao acaeiiinoue.
Iaeei ec noi?oaia no?aaeaao io iai?eyoey aai ethaae, aacioaaonoaaiiinoe
/oanoaa. Yoi iiaoaeaeaao ooieeoue /oanoai a ae?oaii ia?oia?noaa, aaea
aiciiaeia acaeiiinoue. Eiiaaea eciaiythuee nai ia ethaeo iiaiai
ia?oia?a, ii ioeeeeaaony ia aai /oanoai, ni/oanoaoao aacioaaoii
ethayuaio aai /aeiaaeo.

Iiene iiauo ethaiaiuo ia?aaeeaaiee, eae i?aaeei , oa?aeoa?ai aeey
noi?oaia ni cia/eoaeueiui noaaeai , eiaaea /oanoaa iiaeaeee. Eeai a
naiueyo n oaeie ii?iaeueth, eiaaea io aeecie aa?aony ana aiciiaeiia.
Aa?eaioii iiaeao auoue iiae?aaeaiea “e?aneaie aeecie” ca?oaaaeiuo
ia?acoeia, naenoaeueiie naiaiaea.

Ainiiieiaiea. N iiiiuueth noi?oaeaneie iaaa?iinoe /aeiaae eiiiaine?oao
iaaeinoaoie ethaiaiuo ioiioaiee, eioi?ue aicieeaao ec-ca aeeyiey
aeeeoaeueiuo ?aceoe, aieacie noi?oaa e eiuo ia?aie/aiee ia iieiioo
ethaae a a?aea.

Oioaeueiue ?aniaae naiuee. eciaia caeanue oaeoe/anee ?acoeueoao
nicaeaiey iiaie naiuee, eiaaea ia?aay naiuey aini?eieiaaony
iaaeecianiiniaiie.

Neo/aeiay naycue, eiaaea eciaia ia oa?aeoa?ecoaony ?aaoey?iinoueth e
aeoaieeie ethaiaiuie ia?aaeeaaieyie. Iau/ii iia auaaao ni?iaioee?iaaia
ii?aaeaeaiiuie ianoiyoaeuenoaaie ( ianoie/eainoue “ia?oia?a”, “oaeiaiui
neo/aai” e o.ae.).

A a?aea uaeioeeaua iiiaiou eiiaaea eo/oa iaieoe iie/aieai. E a neo/aa
eciaiu aeaaea iai?aaaeeaia “Aea” eee “Iao” iiaeao nianoe naiueth e
naaiaeiy e a aoaeouai. *?acia?iay ene?aiiinoue, aeaeaiea ?anneacaoue
i?aaaeo i naiai ieiieaoiii oaea/aiee, i oece/aneie eciaia iiaeao
aucaaoue o noi?oaa oyaeaeoth aeai?anneth. Iaoiaeynue iiae aiaoii naiaai
iinooiea , “i?anooieaiey” no?aieony i/enoeoue niaanoue, eniiaaaeiaaoueny
?ane?uaaoue aeooo “iino?aaeaaoaio”. E aio ooo-oi ana e ia/eiaaony. Aeey
oiai, eoi neooaao eniiaaaeue, iia neiaii a?ii n?aaee yniiai iaaa. A
“a?aoiee” iinea eniiaaaee noaiiaeony naeaeaoaeai no?aaeaiee /aeiaaea,
eioi?iio eciaiee. I?eioeei “eo/oa ai?ueeay i?aaaea, /ai neaaeea eiaeue”
a oaeeo neo/ayo ia n?aaaouaaao. Ie/aai oi?ioaai caeanue aeaeaoue ia
i?eoiaeeony. Oio, eiio eciaieee, aei eiioea aeecie iiaeao iioa?youe
ineoe/aneia ?aaiiaanea e oieueei aieue, eae caiica aoaeao iuoue a
na?aeoea.

Iaaei neacaoue, /oi eciaia – no?iaia eniuoaiea aeey ethaiai /aeiaaea,
aeey ethaiai noi?oaeaneiai nithca. Oio, eoi e iae ioiineony eaaei, n
aac?acee/eai – nei?aa anaai ia ethaeo eee a?yae ee aiiaua niiniaai
ethaeoue. Eiaaea eciaia i?ienoiaeeo ia oiia eiioeeeoiuo ioiioaiee, iia
aini?eieiaaony eae anoanoaaiiia neaaenoaea. Ia?aaeeaaiea eciaiu caaeneo
io oiai. ianeieueei /anoi ano?a/aeny n iiaeiaiuie neooaoeeyie.

Iiionoeoaeuenoai, aaciaaeaaeiinoue eee iai?eie?eiinoue – yoi e?aeiinoe a
aini?eyoee noi?oaeaneie iaaa?iinoe. I?aaeaea /ai aeaeaoue auaiaeu,
iaiaoiaeeii aieiaoaeueii e ii aiciiaeiinoe iauaeoeaii acaeyiooue ia
neooaoeeth eciaiu. Anee yoi ioeaea /aeiaaea, ionoue aeanoieay, aa iaaei
oiaoue i?inoeoue (enoaoe, aeaiu i?iuatho /aua; ioaeuey aicaoaeaeath
aeaea i ?acaiaea ii i?e/eia iaaa?iinoe aeaiu). Anee eciaia aucaaia
eneaaeaiiuie acaeiiioiioaieyie a naiuea, a ieo iaaei ?acia?aoueny. O.a.
a ethaii neo/aa iaaei eneaoue i?e/eiu, a ia iaaeiyoue ae?oaeo.

Ia?aue ?aaaiie

AEeciue iieiaeie naiuee n iiyaeaieai ia?aiai ?aaaiea oneiaeiyaony
iaeiiaa?ii. Aua iao iiuoa ia?auaiey n aeaoueie, ?iaeeoaee ioaathony
anyeiai ionoyea, aieiothony ii naiui iacia/eoaeueiui iiaiaeai, ii?ie
aiaaeatho a ianoiyuoth iaieeo.

Iaeeaeaiea ?aaaiea – ianoiyuaa eniuoaiea aeey ethaae, a aai ?iaeaeaiea –
eniuoaiea ia i?i/iinoue naiaeiuo oc. Iaiaei a?aeia ?aniaaeaaony a ia?aue
aea aiae iinea iiyaeaiey ?aaaiea, ?aniaaeaaony ii eieoeeaoeaa ioae/ei.
ia auaea?aeeaathueo eniuoaiea iooeianoaii. Oi/iaa ioae/ei, yaieci
eioi?uo ieacaeny neeueiaa anao ae?oaeo /oanoa.

Iieiaeie ioae iinea ?iaeaeaiey iaeuoa ia ai?aaa ono?aiyoueny io ooiaea
ca iei, aeieaeai iiiiaaoue aeaia a aa aaneiia/iuo caaioao i ?aaaiea,
eia/a nai eeoeo naay iiiaeo ?aaeinoae. Aiceaaay aanue ooiae ca
iaeaiueeei ia iaeio eeoue aeaio, ioae nai ia aeaao ae aiciiaeiinoe aeey
caiyoee /ai-eeai ae?oaei, a oii /enea e aeiiii e ei naiei. I?e oaeii
iieiaeaiee, i?e oaeeo ianoiyoaeuenoaao a naiuea iaecaaaeii aicieeaao
aeeneiioi?o. Ioae ia/eiaao /oanoaiaaoue naay eeoiei, iaioaeiui,
iaethaeiui, ia iiaeic?aaay, /oi nai a yoii iieiinoueth aeiiaai. E eae
neaaenoaea ia?a/eneaiiiai , o ioaea ana /aua ia/eiaao iaeueeaoue
iuneue, /oi ii iiaeao ana eciaieoue ii naiaio aeaeaieth. Eae? Aea
?acaanoenue! E oiaaea – iiyoue naiaiaea, ieeaeeo caaio, ieeaeiai e?eea ,
iiyoue ii – ethaeiue, aaeeinoaaiiue, ooiaeaiiue…

N i?eoiaeii ?aaaiea e aeaiueia i?eoiaeeo anaiiaeiuathuaa /oanoai, /oi
/anoi aeaaea naiue ethaeiue ioae ia eaeia-oi a?aiy iooiaeeo o iaa ia
aoi?ie ieai. A anee aua yoio ?aaaiie ia ec oao, eioi?ua oieueei aaeyo,
niyo e ieeaeeo iniauo aaniieienoa ?iaeeoaeyi ia aeinoaaeytho, a oaeie
,/oi o?aaoao aanniiiuo ii/ae, e iaonoaiiiai ooiaea, e ia?aia, oi e?iia
yiioeee aio i?eiaaeeaaeeo e ana a?aiy iaoa?e, ana /anu nooie.

Iiiyoii, /oi ioae, au?aaeathuee iaaeiaieuenoai ii iiaiaeo iai?eoeoie
aaoaeee eee iaaeaaeaiiie ?oaaoee a oi a?aiy, eae ?aaaiie iaae?uaaaony io
e?eea eee o iaiu ia eaaeeony n ei?ieaieai, aucuaaaony, iyaei aiai?y, ia
naiua aeia?ua /oanoaa. E iieiaeay iaia, iaauniaaoayny, onoaaoay, aiieia
aiciiaeii, io?aaae?oao ia i?aoaicee ioaea aiana ia oae, eae aio naiiio
yoiai oioaeinue au. Eiia/ii, aeaia iiaea iaeoe e ae?oaea neiaa e eiie
oii … ii iieieoa e aa.

Iiyoiio i?e naiie-naiie iauaeoeaiinoe iaeuecy oi?aeaoue aeaiuei. E
auoiae oieueei iaeei: noi?oae aeieaeiu aianoa ianoe a?oc caaio i
iiai?iaeaeaiiii e i?e yoii i?iyaeyoue iniaoth aeaeeeaoiinoue e /ooeinoue
ae?oa e ae?oao.

No?ao ca ?aaaiea, iniaaiii a ia?aue aiae aai aeecie, /anoi noaiiaeoueny
i?e/eiie nni? e ?aciiaeanee iieiaeuo ?iaeeoaeae.

Aea/aiea, aa?iiiey

Noi?oaeanoai aac iaithaeiiai aea/aiey, aac aa?iiie/iie oece/aneie
aeecinoe, aac ?aaeinoe, eioi?oth aeinoaaeyao oaeay aeecinoue iaiei
noi?oaai – iino?ieea /anoi cuaeay, /?aaaoay iaiaeeaeaiiuie
ineiaeiaieyie.

E iaii?aaeaeaiiie e ?anieua/aoie oi?ioee?iaea “Ia nioeenue oa?aeoa?aie”
i?eaaaatho iieiaeua noi?oae, ?aoeaoea ?anoi?aiooue naie a?ae ec-ca
iaiieaaeie a eioeiiie aeecie.

Ii aeaiiui nioeeieiaia eiaiii ec-ca iaaeioaeiaeaoai?aiiinoe a eioeiiie
aeecie ?anoiaeyony aeiaieueii /anoi.

Eiiaaea aeenaa?iiiey a eioeiiuo ioiioaieyo ia iineo yaii au?aaeaiiiai
oa?aeoa?a, ii e iia iaaeaeaoaeueia, iioiio /oi niooiay
iaoaeiaeaoai?aiiinoue ii?iaeaeaao ?acae?aaeaiea, iiaeaaeaiiinoue, aoaeo
?aaeinoue.

Eae ia aaaeia aa?iiiey a eioeiiie aeecie, naiaeiia n/anouea ia naiaeeony
eeoue e iae iaeiie. *oiau iieiinoueth oaeiaeaoai?eoue /aeiaa/aneoth
iio?aaiinoue a iauaiee, ioaeii iiiaia: iiieiaiea, iuouaiea nianoaaiiie
iieiioeaiiinoe, i?eaycaiiinoue, oaaaeaiea. oaa?aiiinoue a oii, eoi
?yaeii. Aac anaai yoiai ni a?aiaiai iaeia aa?iiiey a eioeiiuo ioiioaieyo
ia?anoaao oaeiaeaoai?youe noi?oaia. Aeieacaoaeuenoa neieueei oaiaeii.
Aio, e i?eia?o: ?acaiaeyueany – iaaeaaii iueei aethaeaiiua, ia
?aciueaaoea iauyoee. Eoaea ana iiaeaaaeinue? Ooei aacaica?aoii. Aio aai
e “ethaiaue- eeoue ?yae i?eeiniiaaiee…”

Eioeiiay naycue aac ene?aiiaai /oanoaa – iau/iue oeceieiae/aneee aeo, ia
eiathuee ieeaeie i?eaeaeaoaeueiinoe.

Iieiaeua noi?oae iau/ii aeoiatho, /oi ana oa?ioiaaoinoe eo eioeiiie
aeecie naeaaeyony naie niaie. Iaeiaei a?iaeaeaiiiai einoeieoa
i?iaeieaeaiey ?iaea e aeeciaiiiai iiuoa /anoi auaaao iaaeinoaoi/ii,
/oiau aeinoe/ue aa?iiiee a eioeiiie noi?iia aeecie. I eaeeo-oi aauao
iiaeii aeiaaaeaoueny, eiia/ii, naiei. Io, iai?eia?, /oi noi?oae aeieaeiu
noa?aoueny auaeyaeaoue i?eaeaeaoaeueiuie a aeacao ae?oa ae?oaa.
I?eaeaeaoaeueiuie ai anao ioiioaiey. Niaeaneoanue, /oi nni?u,
ia?yoanoai, a?oainoue ia niinianoaoao oece/aneiio aea/aieth. A oi?ioai
a?aea noi?oae anaaaea, a ethaii aic?anoa inoathony /ooue-/ooue
ethaiaieeaie.

Iiaiea, /oi oece/aneay i?eaeaeaoaeueiinoue ia iaycaoaeueia, /oi eeoue ia
iniiaa iieiaiai aea/aiey anaaaea iiaeii ?aaeeciaaoue oeceieiae/aneoth
iio?aaiinoue, ioeai/ii. Noi?oae aeieaeiu auoue oaa?aiu, /oi i?aayony
ae?oa ae?oao, a oii /oi iie iaa no?aiyony e aeecinoe, eioi?ay i?eianao
ei iieiia oaeiaeaoai?aiea.

Eiaeanue a iinoaeue n iae?o/aiiuie ia aaao aieinaie, n iaiacaiiui
ii/iui e?aiii eeoeii, aeaia niaa?oaao a?oaaeooth ioeaeo.

Ioae/eia, eioi?iai ia neeoeii-oi eioa?anoao iano?iaiea aeaiu, eioi?ue
o/eouaaao oieueei naia nianoaaiiia aeaeaiea, oiaea neeueii ?eneoao. Ii,
iaaa?iia ia ciaao, /oi oieueei iaithaeiia aeaeaiea aeinoaaeyao
?aaeinoue. A anee aeaiueia iai?/aia , /ai-oi ?anno?iaia, iacaei?iaa,
ia?aooiieaia e ioae ana yoe ianoiyoaeuenoaa eaii?e?oao, e ia ?ac, ia
aeaa, a ?aaoey?ii, oi i?iecieaeao iaiii?aaeiia: aeaia noaiao
einoeieoeaii ecaaaaoue aeecinoe n ioaeai, ioaeaeeony io iaai.

Iieiaeua noi?oae aeieaeiu iiiieoue, /oi aeinoaoi/ii aa?iiiee a eioeiiie
aeecie oaeaaony eiiaaea ia n?aco. Ioaeii ii?aaeaeaiiia, a?aiy /oiau
ociaoue iniaaiiinoe oa?aeoa?a, oaiia?aiao?a, i?eau/ae ae?oa ae?oaa,
/oiau /oanoaiaaoue iaaaeeia oaa?aiii e niieieii, /oiau ionoonoaiaaee
anyeea niiiaiey a i?aaeeueiinoe iinooieia e aeaenoaee.

Iieiaeua noi?oae ?aciieioee iauyoey – ia oi?iieoanue ioai?a/eaaoueny
ae?oa io ae?oaa. Ia oaaoaeoanue n?aco aea ca aacaoo , ca eieao, ia noieo
n?aco iia?oaeaoueny a nii eee caaiaeeoue ?acaiai? i oii, /oi
i?eaioiaeoue caao?a ia iaaae. Ionoue aieia iaaeiinoe i?iaeeeoueny a
neiaao, a oeuaeao, ai acaeyaeao. Oaeea ieioou aeiiieiytho e ne?aieytho
aeecinoue.

Naaeaeueieeia N.N.

‘’Nioeeaeueiua iineaaenoaey ?acaiaea”

Nouanoaaiiia iaaaoeaiia aeeyiea ?acaiaea ia o?iaaiue ?iaeaeaaiinoe. A
?yaea neo/aaa aeaiueia iinea ?acaiaea oae e inoaaony iaeeiieie, a a
“i?aaeaeaa?ea” ?acaiaea aicaea?aeeaaaony io ?iaeaeaiey aeaoae. N ?inoii
eiee/anoaa ?acaiaeia aic?inei /enei ethaeae, ia aeaeathueo iinea
?acaiaea anooiaoue a iiaoi?iue a?ae. Ii ?acoeueoaoai iaeiiai ec ii?inia
45% ioae/ei e 35% aeaiuei niaeaeaee iinea ?acaiaea i ?aniaaea naiaai
ia?aiai a?aea, 9,5% ii?ioaiiuo ioae/ei e 8,5% aeaiuei aiiaua oioaee
ainnoaiiaeoue i?aaeithth naiueth. A ae?oaii enneaaeiaaiee ia aii?in “
Iiaeii ee auei i?aaeioa?aoeoue ii Aaoaio iiaieth Aao ?acaiae ? ”
ooaa?aeeoaeueii ioaaoeee 67,6% ioae/ei e 43,6% aeaiuei, /oi n
aeinoaoi/iie noaiaiueth naeaeaoaeuenoaoao ia aiaeaaeaioiinoe /oanoa e
auaoaio ia?oia?o. Ia yoii aea naeaeaoaeuenoaotho aeaiiua, iieo/aiiua a
?aaioa A.A Nieiaeieeiaa, eioi?ue, enneaaeoy oa?aeoa? i?ioaeaiey e
iineaaenoaey i?aae?acaiaeiie neooaoeee a iieiaeie naiuea, iaia?oaeee /oi
46% ec /enea anao ianeaaeiaaiiuo naiae ii e?aeiae ia?a iaeei ec noi?oaia
(/aua ioae) ia iiiaio iiaea/e cayaeaiey i ?anoi?aeaiee a?aea eniuouaaao
nei?aa iiceoeaiua /oanoaa e ia?oia?o, a a eaaeaeie iyoie noi?oaeaneie
ia?a (21%) iaa noi?oaa nio?aieee yiioeeiiaeueioth i?eaycaiiinoue ae?oa e
ae?oao.

Enoiaey ec i?eaaaeaiiuo aeaiiuo, i?aaiia?ii aicieeaao aii?in, ia
yaeyaony ee iaaeaeaiea anooiaoue a iiaoi?iue a?ae iinea ?acaiaea
neaaenoaeai aieaa aeoaieeo i?e/ei? Iaeiie ec ieo, iai?eia?, iiaeao
auoue nio?aiythuayny eaeia-oi a?aiy iinea ?acaiaea yiioeeiiaeueiay
i?eaycaiiinoue e auaoaio a?a/iiio ia?oia?o. Ai anyeii neo/aa aaeaa ee
oaeia yaeaiea, eae ?ino /enea ethaeae, ia aeaeathueo iinea ?acaiaea
anooiaoue a iiaoi?iue a?ae, iiaeii iauynieoue oieueei i?eia?aoaiiui eee
iaaaoeaiui iiuoii e iaoaea/ae ia?aiai a?aea.

Aeaoe

Ioae/eiu, auneacuaay noaeaeaiey i aeaeaoaeueiii oeia naiaeiiai
ainieoaiey aeey aeaoae ?aciiai aic?anoa, neeiiiu ioaeaaaoue
i?aaeii/oaiea ainieoaiey ?aaaiea a iieiie naiuea, aeaaea i?e oneiaee,
/oi ioiioaiey iaaeaeo ?iaeeoaeyie nouanoaaiii aeaceioaa?e?iaaiu. O
aeaiuei, iaiai?io, i?aaaee?oao iiaiea i oii, /oi ?aaaieo eo/oa aeeoue n
iaeiei ec ?iaeeoaeae, /ai a iaaeaaiiieo/iie naiuea. Aianoa n oai, a
iauanoaaiiii niciaiea aanueia ?ani?ino?aiaii iaaaoeaiia ioiioaiea e
ainieoaieth aeaoae a iaiieiie naiuea.

Ia i?aaeii/oeoaeueiue auai? iaoa?ueth oie eee eiie i?eaioaoeee,
eanathuaeny aeaeaoaeueiiai oa?aeoa?a acaeiiioiioaiee iooea e ?aaaiea
iinea ?acaiaea, ieacuaatho nouanoaaiiia aeeyiea oaeea oaeoi?u, eae : a)
iie ?aaaiea; a) aic?ano aeaoae; a) ioiioaiea e auaoaio noi?oao; a)
?aaoey?iinoue aai iauaiey n ?aaaieii. Iaoa?e iaeue/eeia a aieueoae ia?a
i?eaioe?iaaiiu ia oi, /oiau ?ieue iooea a ainieoaiee ?aaaiea auiieiye
aai aeaenoaeoaeueiue ioaoe. 45% aeaiuei yoie a?oiiu ii?ioaiiuo n/eoatho,
/oi ioaoe aeieaeai i?eieiaoue aeoeaiia o/anoea a ainieoaiee naieo aeaoae
iinea ?acaiaea. N?aaee aea iaoa?ae aeaai/ae oaeiai ?iaea iiaiea
i?eaea?aeeaathony oieueei 29%. Ioia/aiiay ???? aeaiuei nei?aa neeiiia
aiana ioeacaoueny io aeeyiey aeaenoaeoaeueiiai iooea ia ?aaaiea, eeai
aeiioneaoue eeoue eo ia/anoua ano?a/e. Iaoa?e aeaoae – oeieueieeia a
aieueoae ia?a , /ai iaoa?e aeaoae – aeioeieueieeia i?eaioe?iaaiu ia oi,
/oiau a ainieoaiee ?aaaiea o/anoaiaae aai aeaenoaeoaeueiue ?iaeeoaeue.

Ec Niaeca?a

Eiiaaea, iinea oiai, eae iocaaiaee naaaeaaiua eieieiea, ieo i
?iiaioe/aneie ethaae iiaeao ?ac?ooeoueny…

Aaconeiaii aeaiaaeiua i?iaeaiu yaeythony eeoue aeieae ec i?e/ei
eiioeeeoia iaaeaeo noi?oaaie. Nii?u ii iiaiaeo ainieoaiey aeaoae, naena,
ioiioaiee n ?iaenoaaiieeaie, a oaeaea ?aeeaeiciua e iieeoe/aneea
?acee/ay iiaoo iineoaeeoue ae?oaeie aiciiaeiuie i?e/eiaie iaoaea/ a
noi?oaeaneie aeecie.

Ii iiaieth Aeaaea e Aieueoa, a?aee ieacuaathony iaonoie/eauie, anee
ioiioaiey noi?oaia n ?iaenoaaiieeaie noaiiayony aeaaiie i?iaeaiie,
?ac?ooathuae eo aeeciue. Naiua na?ueaciua eiioeeeou aicieeatho iaaeaeo
noi?oaaie ii iiaiaeo ainieoaiey aeaoae. Iiiaeanoai ?aciiaeanee iiaeao
auoue naycaii n ?ieaauie eiioeeeoaie, ii iie a iaiueoae ia?a
niinianoaotho iaonoie/eainoe a?aea, /ai ae?oaea i?iaeaiu. ( ?ieaaua
eiioeeeou aicieeatho ii iiaiaeo ?aaiou aeaiu e ?acaeaeaiey aeiiaoiaai
o?oaea. AEaiu /anoi aeaeothony, /oi eo ioaeuey iaei iieo/atho a oi a?aiy
eae ioaeuey oi?aeatho aeai ca iaoiaeia aaaeaiea aeiiaoiaai oicyenoaa).

Ii-aeaeeiiio, iaeaieaa iianiu eiioeeeou, iaoneiaeaiiua ee/iinoiuie
?acee/eyie iaaeaeo noi?oaaie. I?eau/ee, eioi?ua inoaeaeaao iaeei ec
ia?oia?ia, iai?eia? iueyinoai eee eo?aiea, /anoi i?eaiaeeo e
noieeiiaaieyi. Iie iiaoo noaoue i?e/eiie oyaeaeiai no?anna a
noi?oaeaneie aeecie.

Iacaaeneii io i?e/ei o?iaaiue ?acaiaeia a NOA naiue aunieee a ie?a ( A
1981 ii aeinoeaae 5.5 ia eaaeaeoth 1000 a?aeia).

Ia o?iaaiue ?acaiaeia ieacuaatho aeeyiea iiiaea oaeoi?u. Naiuie aaaeiuie
n?aaee ieo yaeythony yeiiiie/aneea oneiaey. Eiaaea eaaei iaeoe ?aaioo,
iieiaeua ethaee iano?iaiu iioeienoe/anee a ioiioaiee naiae niiniaiinoe
iaania/eaaoue naiueth. Ii /ai ?aiueoa ethaee anooiatho a a?ae, oai auoa
aa?iyoiinoue eo ?acaiaea. Iiae?inoee ?acaiaeyony a aeaa ?aca /aua, /ai
ethaee anooiathuea a a?ae a aic?anoa 20 n eeoiei eao. Iaeiaei iaeioi?ua
nioeeieiae n/eoatho, /oi oaiaeaioeey e aic?anoaieth /enea ?acaiaeia ia
iaoneiaeaia iaonoie/eainoueth a?aeia, a nei?aa naycaia n aiciiaeiinoueth
eaaei iieo/eoue ?acaiae. Iie ioia/atho , /oi /enei ?acaaaeaiiuo ia?
oaaee/eeinue aieueoa, /ai eiee/anoai noi?oaia aeeaoueo ioaeaeueii. Oaeei
ia?acii, ?acaiae, ii aeaeeiiio, noae ?ani?ino?aiaiiui niiniaii
oeaaeeaaiey na?ueaciuo eiioeeeoia iaaeaeo noi?oaaie, eioi?ua
nouanoaiaaee anaaaea.

Eciaiaiea ioiioaiee e ?acaiaeai e oeo/oaiea yeiiiie/aneiai iieiaeaiey
aeaiueiu, iaaa?iia, oiaea niinianoaiaaee ?acaiaeo iaeioi?uo noi?oaeaneeo
ia?. Anee aeaiueia eiaao iinoiyiioth ?aaioo, ae eaa/aiaania/eoue naay e
naieo aeaoae, /ai a oii neo/aa, eiaaea iiaaeieaeia ?ann/eouaaoue oieueei
ia aeaiaiou, iiniaey ia niaea?aeaiea ?aaaiea e ae?oaea ainoaea?noaaiiua
aeioaoeee. Iaee/ea iiniaee, aa?iyoii, auaiaeii aeey aeaiuei n ieceei
o?iaiai ia?aciaaiey e iano?aiyueony naeaeaoue ea?uea?o, ii yoi oaeaea
niinianoaoao ?ani?ino?aiaieth ?acaiaeia.

Iineaaenoaey ?acaiaeia.

Oaaee/aiiea /enea ?acaiaeia i?eaiaeeo e oiio ,/oi iiiaea noi?oaeaneea
ia?u e eo aeaoe aeoaiei ia?aaeeaatho iaaeaaiiieo/ea a naiuea, iau/ii
niioonoaothuaa ?acaiaeo. Iaiauea ?acoeueoaou iiiaeo enneaaeiaaiee,
*a?iee ioia/aao, /oi ?acaaaeaiiua ioae/eiu e aeaiueiu a?aiaiaie neo/atho
ii naiei auaoei ioaeueyi eee aeaiai , eniuouaatho o?aaiao , aeaaea anee
auee naie eieoeeaoi?aie ?acaiaea e n/eoaee naie a?ae ian/anoeeaui.
?acaiae iaiaaeeaiii oyaeaei neacuaaaony e ia ii?aeueiii ninoiyiee
aeaoae. Aeioeieueieee iau/ii /oanoaotho no?ao, iaoaa?aiiinoue a naaa e
n/eoatho naay aeiiaaouie a ?acaiaea naieo ?iaeeoaeae. Aeaoe aieaa
noa?oaai aic?anoa au?iaeatho naia ?acae?aaeaiea aieaa iaiin?aaenoaaiii.
Aieueoeinoai aeaoae oniieaeaathony a oa/aiee aiaea eee aeaoo eao iinea
?acaiaea, oioy iaeioi?ua ec ieo /oanoaotho naay ian/anoiuie e iaeeiieeie
a oa/aiee 5 eao iinea ?acaiaea eee aua aeieueoa, aeaaea anee ?iaeeoaeue,
n eioi?ui iie aeeaoo, niiaa anooiaao a a?ae.

Ec Oa?/aaa: “Nia?aiaiiay naiuey e aa i?iaeaiu”

?acaiae auiieiyaoii ioiioaieth e a?aeo aeaiyeoth ?ieue. Ii iiaeao
aunooiaoue n?aaenoaii i?aanoaaiiiai aicauoaiey noi?oaeanoaa,
ooaa?aeaeaieai ?aaiii?aaey ieaaeaeo ioae/eiie e aeaiueiie, anee
iai?aaeai i?ioea ia?aaeeoeia i?ioeiai a a?a/iuo ioiioaieyo,
yenieoaoaoeee e ii?aeueiiai oieaeaiey iaeiia ec noi?oaia, ii ii
iiaeao noaoue e naiaai ?iaea aioeiiaeii a?aea, anee yaeyaony neaaenoaeai
yoeo ia?aaeeoeia, i?aanoaaiiie iac?aeinoe noi?oaia…

?acaiae ia?anoae auoue eneeth/eoaeueiui e noae iau/iui, i?aeeia?ia?iui
yaeaieai. Niioaaonoaaiii nieaeaaony o?aaiaaoaeueiinoue i?e auai?a
ia?oia?a.

Aaconeiaii aii?in i oii, eaeia aeeyiea ia yoio auai? eiaao onoaiiaea
oeia,” a e?aeiai neo/aa iiaeii ?acaanoenue”, o?aaoao yiia?e/aneeo
aeieacaoaeuenoa. Iaeiaei oio oaeo, /oi o?aoue ?acaiaeia iaaeaao ia
naiuee, nouanoaiaaaoea iaiaa aiaea, aua o?aoue – io aiaea aei iyoe, /oi
?acaiae noae i?iaeaiie iieiaeuo naiae, a eaeie-oi ia?a oaea
iiaeoaa?aeaeaao naeaeaiiue auaiae.

Neaaeothuaa iai?aaeaiea aeeyiey ?acaiaeia ia yooaeoeaiinoue
ooieoeeiie?iaaiey einoeiooa a?aea ninoieo a oii, /oi ia?niaeoeaa
?acaiaea, aa?iaa iianaiea, /oi ioae(aeaia) ainiieuecoaony i?aaii ia
?acaiae i?e ia?aii aea aieaa eee iaiaa na?ueaciii eiioeeeoa, oae eee
eia/a io?aaeaaony ia iiaaaeaiee eaaeaeiai ec noi?oaia e eo ioiioaiee e
naiei naiaeiui ?ieyi, ia acaeiiuo ioeaieao e naiiioeaieao, ia
ieaie?iaaiiee naiuee, ii iaiueoae ia?a aei oao ii?, iiea e o ioaea, e o
aeaiu ia iiyaeyaony /oanoai noaaeeueiinoe eo naiae, a, neaaeiaaoaeueii,e
i?eaioaoeee ia oieueei ia naaiaeiyoiee e ia caao?aoiee aeaiue, ii e ia
ioiineoaeueii aeaeaeia aoaeouaa.

Niaeanii aa?iie aeiioaca, ?acaiaeu oaaee/eaatho /enei ethaeae,ia
anooiathueo a iiaoi?ue a?ae, e, /oi naiia aeaaiia, eioi?ua ia oioyo
yoiai aeaeaoue, oioy au a aeeaeaeoea ianeieueei eao.

Iineaaenoaey:

?acaiaeu oaaee/eaatho eiee/anoai iaiieiuo naiae.A ieo nicaeaaony
niaoeeoe/aneay nenoaia ioiioaiee iaaeaeo iaoa?ueth e
?aaaieii,oi?ie?othony ia?acoeu iiaaaeaiey, i?aaenoaaeythuea niaie a
iaeioi?uo ioiioaieyo aeueoa?iaoeao ii?iai e oeaiiinoyi, ia eioi?uo
iniiauaaaony einoeooo a?aea.

?acaiae ieacuaaao \ aeeyiea e ia naieo ?acaiaeyueony noi?oaia.
A.E?enoeainai e E.Aeaeiinii a ?acoeueoaoa aiaeeca ?yaea yiie?e/aneeo
?aaio onoaiiaeee neaaeothuea oeiu ?aaeoeee ia ?acaiae. Aeinoaoi/ii /anoi
iaaethaeaaony naiaia?aciue oie ni nouaeii e aeaeinoueth e naaa.
?acaaaeaiiua iuoathony ?aoeeiiaeece?iaaoue neooaoeeth e aeieacaoue, /oi
ei aac?acee/iu aicieeoea i?iaeaiu. Aanueia ?ani?ino?aiaiiui yaeyaony
/oanoai aaniieienoaa, iaoa?iaeeainoe, eaeouaa io ia?ooaiiuo i?eau/ae e
oo?aou i?eau/iuo ?ieae. ?acaaaeaiiue noi?oa /anoi iuoaaony oaaee/eoue
naith nioeeaeueioth aeoeaiinoue. Ae?ocuey e ?iaenoaaiieee iau/ii
iiiiaatho aio a onoaiiaeaiee iiauo eiioaeoia. Ia?aaeei iinea ?acaiaea
/aeiaae ia/eiaao aanoe naay a i?ioeai?a/ee n iauai?eiyouie ii?iaie,
iuoaynue ooieeoue naia ai?a a iueyinoaa eee eiiiaine?iaaoue iioa?th
naiuee oaaee/aieai /anoiou naenoaeueiuo eiioaeoia. Ioia/aiu oaeou
acaeiieneeth/athueo onoaiiaie ii ioiioaieth e naiaio auaoaio noi?oao,
/a?aaeiaaiea i?iyaeaiee iaiaaenoe e ethaae. Iiyoiio eiiaaea naenoaeueiay
aeecinoue iaaeaeo auaoeie ioaeai e aeaiie nio?aiythony a oa/aiee
iaeioi?iai a?aiaie e iinea ?acaiaea. A iaeioi?uo neo/ayo iie aeaaea
anooiatho a iiaoi?ue a?ae ae?oa n ae?oaii.

I?iaaaeaiiua a NOA yiie?e//aneea enneaaeiaaiey iieacaee, /oi i?i/aio
iiaoi?iuo a?aeia o ?acaaaeaiiuo ia?oia?ia auoa, /ai o iaaeiaaaoeo. Iaeia
ec i?e/ei yoiai ninoieo a oii, /oi ethaee eiiaaea eaeoo ia ?acaiae aeey
oiai, /oiau th?eaee/anee ioi?ieoueoaea neiaeeaoaany iiaia noi?oaeanoai.
E?iia oiai, ?aaeaaaeaiiua iau/ii aieaa iaaniieiaiu oai, /oiau ii?aaoue n
i?ioeui e i?iaeaiiino?e?iaaoue iin?aaenoaii iiaoi?iiai a?aea, /oi n ieie
ia neo/eeinue ie/aai na?ueaciiai. Iaeiiaoe, ?acaiaeiau/ii i?ienoiaeeo a
aieaa ?aiiai aic?anoa, /ai aaeianoai, e yoi i?aaeinoaaeyao /aeiaaeo
aieueoa aiciiaeiinoae anooieoue a neaaeothuee a?ae.

?acoeueoao yiie?e/aneeo enneaaeiaaiee ca?oaaaeiuo nioeeieiaia ii aii?ino
i iineaaenoaeyo ?acaiaeia aeey aeaoae. A iaeiii eo yoeo enneaaeiaaiee
n?aaieaaeenue o?e a?oiiu aeaoae: ec n/anoeeauo, ian/anoeeauo e ec
?acaaaeaiiuo naiae. Ii anai e?eoa?eyi aeaoe ec n/anoeeauo naiae
ieacaeenue a eo/oai iieiaeaiee. Iaeiaei i?e n?aaiaiee aeaoae ec aeaoo
ae?oaeo a?oii auynieeinue, /oi o iiae?inoeia ec ?acaaaeaiiuo naiae auei
iaiueoa ineoe/aneeo caaieaaaiee, iie ?aaea niaa?oaee i?aaiia?ooaiey, ueo
ieo auee eo/oa ioiioaiey oioy au n iaeiei ec ?iaeeoaeae.

Ii ?yaeo ae?oaeo iieacaoaeae (ioiioaiey a oeiea,?aniieiaeaiea e aeo?iui
eiiiaieyi) aeaoe yoeo aeaoo a?oii nouanoaaiii ia ?acee/aeenue, ii
neeueii ioee/aeenue io aeaoae, aeeaoueo a n/anoeeauo naiueyo.
I?iaiaeeeinue oaeaea n?aaiaiea ?yaea nioeeaeueii-ineoieiae/aneeo
/a?aeoa?enoee aeaoae, aeeaooeo a naiueyo, aaea iaoue iinea ?acaiaea
anooieea a iiaoi?iue a?ae, e a naiueyo, aaea ?aaaiie aeee oieueei n
iaoa?ueth. I?e yoii iaia?oaeaii, /oi ioiioaiey “iaoue – ?aaaiie”eo/oa a
naiueyo, aaea ?aaaiie ainieouaaeny oieueei iaoa?ueth.

Aeaoe ?acaaaeaiiuo noi?oaia aieaa /anoi iiaeaa?aeaiu ineoe/aneei
caaieaaaieyi.

Ii aeaiiui iaaeaaii?eyoiua iineaaenoaey ?acaiaea aieaa cia/eiu aeey
aeaoae ec oao nioeeaeueiuo a?oii, eioi?ua i?eaeatho aieueoaa cia/aiea
nioeeaeueiui ii?iai e naieoeeyi, iai?aaeaiiui i?ioea ?acaiaea.
Naiiioeaiea ?aaaiea nouanoaaiii caaeneo io aic?anoa iaoa?e a ia?eiae
?acaiaea. O aeaiuei, eio?ui i?e ?anoi?aeaiee a?aea auei iaiueoa 24 eao,
oieueei 22% aeaoae ii aeinoeaeaieth 12 – 14 eao eiaee aunieoth
naiiioeaieo, oiaaea eae aeaoyi iaoa?ae, ?acaa?oeony a aieaa noa?oai
aic?anoa, oaeay naiiioeaiea o 45%.A ?yaea enneaaeiaaiee ioia/aaony
oaeaea, /oi /ai aeieueoa iaoue e ?aaaiie aeeee aianoa iaaeaeo ?acaiaeii
e iiaoi?iui a?aeii, oai aieaa ?ac?ooeoaeueiui aeey ?aaaiea aeieaeai
auoue niauaiea aieiaiey iaoa?e e iiaiio noi?oao eee iiaiio ?aaaieo.

Ii aeaiiui Eyiaeena ( 60a.) aicaeaenoaea ?acaiaea ia ineoeeo ?aaaiea
caaeneo io oeaeiai ?yaea oaeoi?ia:

– noauaeoeaiiai i?aaenoaaeaiey ?aaaiea i n/anouea naiuee
iaiin?aaenoaaiii aei ?acaiaea;

– aic?anoa ?aaaiea e iaoa?e;

– noaiaie au?aaeaiiinoe iaaaoeaiuo ii?i ii ioiioaieth e ?acaiaeo a oie
nioeeaeueiie a?oiia, e eioi?ie i?eiaaeeaaeeo naiuey;

– niiniaiinoe inoaaoaainy noi?oaa ni?aaeoueny ni naiei aaniieienoaii e
iaania/eoue aio aaciianiia ie?oaeaiea.

A aic?anoa aei 3-o eao ?acaiae ieacuaaao ia ?aaaiea iaiueoa aeeyiey, /ai
a aieaa noa?oeo aic?anoao. Aa?iyoiinoue iiaoi?iiai a?aea ?acaaaeaiiiai
noi?oaa ia?aoii i?iii?oeeiiaeueia eiee/anoao inoaaoeony o iaai aeaoae.

?IAEAeAAIINOUe

Eae ianniaia yaeaiea ?acaiaeu ea?atho i?aeiouanoaaiii iaaaoeaioth ?ieue
e a eciaiaiee ?iaeaeaaiinoe , e a ainieoaiee aeaoae. Ai-ia?auo,
aneaaenoaea ?acaiaeia oiaiueoaaony i?iaeoeoeaiue ia?eiae a aeecie
oaiueiu. Ai-aoi?uo , a neo/aa iaoaea/iiai ia?aiai a?aea iiaeao iaiiiai
ioiaeaeiooueny a?aiy ia?aiai aeaoi?iaeaeaiey (/oi iaaeaeaoaeueii e n
iaaeaoeeineie oi/ee c?aiey). A-o?aoueeo, iaaeaaii?eyoiua ioiioaiey a
naiuea, i?aaeoanoaothuea ?acaiaeo, iiaoo ieacaoue io?eoeaoaeueiia
aeeyiea ia ?ai?iaeoeoeaiua onoaiiaee aeaiueiu, oioy a inoaeueiuo neo/ayo
yoi aeeyaea iiaeaoauoue iao?aeeciaaii aeaeaieai aeaiueiu nicaeaoue e
oe?aieoue iiaoth naiueth.

?acaiae ioeaieaaaony eae aeaai eeoue a oii neo/aa, anee ii eciaiyao e
eo/oaio oneiaey oi?ie?iaaiey ee/iinoe ?aaaiea eeaaeao eiiaoe
io?eoeaoaeueiiio aicaeaenoaeth ia ineoeeo ?aaaiea noi?oaeaneeo
eiioeeeoia. Naiuey iiaeao aeeoue , anee iia ieioi auiieiyao eee aiiaua
ia auiieiyao ethaoth ec naieo ooieoeee, e?iia ?iaeeoaeueneie. Naiuey
oia?aao, anee iia ia?anoaao aeaeaoue oi, ai eiy /aai iia nicaeaaony –
ainieoaiea aeaoae.

I?E*EIU:

I?e enneaaeiaaiee i?e/ei ?acaiaeia aai iiaeii ?anniao?eaaoue eae
eciaiaiea aaeaina nee, iiaeaea?aeeaathueo e ?acaeaathueo a?ae. E ia?aui
ioiinyony ii?aeueii-ineoieiae/aneea e io/anoe yeiiiie/aneay
caeioa?anniaaiiinoue noi?oaia ae?oa a ae?oaa, a oaeaea nioeeaeueiua
ii?iu, oeaiiinoe, naieoeee ; ei aoi?ui – i?iyaeaiea acaeiiiai
iaaeiaieuenoaa e iai?eycie noi?oaia, /oanoaa aioeiaoee, ?acae?aaeaiey,
iaiaaenoe, a oaeaea aiaoiea oaeoi?u, noeioee?othuea ?acaeoea e
iaino?aiea aioo?aiieo eiioeeeoia ( iai?eyoiinoe ia ?aaioa , i?ioeai?a/ey
n ?iaenoaaiieeaie e ninaaeyie).

Ioia/aaony oaaee/aiea i?ioeaioa ?acaiaeia ec-ca a?oainoe noi?oaa,
aeeiaieecia ineoieiae/aneie ianiaianoeiinoe. Ii-aeaeeiiio , yoi
i?ienoiaeeo ia iioiio, /oi n ?inoii eoeueoo?iiai o?iaiy nia?aiaiiiai
/aeiaaea, iiauoaieai eoeueoo?u iaaeee/iinoiiai iauaiey, oaaaeaiey e
ee/iinoe e o.ae. neo/ae a?oainoe , ineoieiae/aneie ianiaianoeiinoe, a
oai aieaa iueyinoaa noaee aieueoa inuouaoueny e noaiiayony aeinoaoi/ii
aaneie i?e/eiie ?acaiaeia.

Neaaeoao ioiaoeoue, /oi ia oaeiaeaoai?aiiinoue a?aeii aeeyao ia noieueei
?aaeaeueiia iiaaaeaiea noi?oaia a ?acee/iuo noa?ao a?a/ii-naiaeiuo
ioiioaiee, neieueei ioeaiea iiaaaeaiey iaeiiai noi?oaa ae?oaei.
Iineieueeo aea o ?aciuo ethaeae iiaeao auoue ?aciia i?aaenoaaeaiea i
oii, /oi oaeia oi?ioi iaeaaeaiiue auo, aeieaeiia ainieoaiea aeaoae,
oaaaeaiea, aieiaiea, ethaiaue iinoieueeo ?acoeueoaou enneaaeiaaiey
oaeiaeaoai?aiiinoe a?yaeee iiaoo neoaeeoue iieacaoaeai ?aaeueiuo
a?a/ii-naiaeiuo ioiioaiee.

A oi aea a?aiy enneaaeiaaiea oaeiaeaoai?aiiinoe iiaeao i/aiue iiiai
aeaoue aeey auyaeaiey iaeeaeaiee eaaeaeiai ec noi?oaia, naycaiiuo n
?ani?aaeaeaieai ?ieae e ?ieaaui iiaaaeaieai /eaiia naiuee. Iiaeii
auaeaeeoue 2 iiaeoiaea e ?aoaieth yoie i?iaeaiu. I?e ia?aii iiaeoiaea
?anniao?eaathony ?ieaaua iaeeaeaiey e ?ieaaia iiaaaeaiea a eaeeie-oi
iaeiie n?aaieoaeueii oceie noa?a aeayoaeueiinoe. Iai?eia?, eiioeeeou
iaaeaeo ioaeai e aeaiie iiaoo aicieeaoue ec-ca oiai , /oi aeaia oi/ao ,
/oiau ioae i?iaiaeee ana naia naiaiaeiia a?aiy aeiia, a oi a?aiy eae ii
i?aaeii/eoaao iauaiea n ae?ocueyie eee oaea/aiea ethaeoaeueneeie
caiyoeyie. Ioae iiaeao iaeeaeaoue io aeaiu aieueoaai aieiaiey e
auiieiaieth ii?aaeaeaiiuo oicyenoaaiiuo ooieoeee, /ai iia yoi aeaeaao ia
naiii aeaea e o.ae. Oaeea neooaoeee aeinoaoi/ii ?ani?ino?aiaiu a
?acee/iuo naiueyo e iiaoo yaeoueny i?e/eiie na?ueaciuo naiaeiuo
eiioeeeoia.

Aoi?ie iiaeoiae naycai n iiiuoeie iino?iaiey eiiieaeniuo iiaeaeae ?ieae,
?ieaauo iaeeaeaiee e ?ieaaiai iiaaaeaiey. Iaeia ec iaeaieaa eioa?aniuo
iiiuoie a yoii iai?aaeaiee auea i?aaei?eiyoa ecaanoiui aia?eeaineei
nioeeieiaii ii eco/aieth naiuee E. Ee?eiao?eeii, eioi?ue auaeaeee
o?aaeeoeeiiiua ?iee ioaea e aeaiu, oiaa?euaneea ?iee (?iee eiiiaiueiiia)
e ?iee ia?oia?ia e ia?a/eneee iniiaiua iaeeaeaiey , eioi?ua
niioaaonoaotho yoei ?ieyi. Oaeie ia?a/aiue eiae a aai iaeeaeaiee
neaaeouee aeae:

Iaycaiiinoe aeaiu

Нашли опечатку? Выделите и нажмите CTRL+Enter

Похожие документы
Обсуждение

Ответить

Курсовые, Дипломы, Рефераты на заказ в кратчайшие сроки
Заказать реферат!
UkrReferat.com. Всі права захищені. 2000-2020