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Министерство общего и профессионального образования
Российской Федерации
УРАЛЬСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ
Кафедра РЭИС
ПОЯСНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ЗАПИСКА
к курсовому проекту
ПРИЕМНИК АНАЛОГОВЫХ СИГНАЛОВ С АМПЛИТУДНОЙ МОДУЛЯЦИЕЙ
(ПРИЕМНИК ЛЮБИТЕЛЬСКОЙ РАДИОСВЯЗИ)
Екатеринбург 2005
Содержание
Выбор и обоснование структурной схемы радиоприемника
Предварительный расчет полосы пропускания
Выбор средств обеспечения избирательности приемника
Расчет входной цепи приемника
Выбор распределения усиления по линейному тракту приемника
Выбор схемного решения РПрУ и расчет УВЧ
Выбор фильтра сосредоточенной селекции
Выбор и расчет схемы демодулятора
Выбор и расчет схемы АРУ
Выбор схемы УНЧ
Список используемой литературы
Приложение
Выбор и обоснование структурной схемы приемника
Указанный в ТЗ частотный диапазон 1,9-1,95 МГц соответствует длине волны
160 м. В этом диапазоне применяют приемники прямого преобразования либо
супергетеродинные.
Приемники прямого преобразования имеют малую чувствительность и
селективность, которые ухудшаются с ростом частоты сигнала.
Селективность можно поднять, используя большее число перестраиваемых в
диапазоне контуров. Но эта возможность ограничена, так как в этом случае
резко возрастает трудность настройки из-за взаимного влияния контуров.
Повышение чувствительности ограничено шумами.
В нашем случае оптимальным является приемник, построенный по
супергетеродинной блок-схеме. Для супергетеродинных приемников нет
сильной связи между чувствительностью и частотой принимаемого сигнала,
так как основное усиление производится на промежуточной частоте. Обычно
промежуточная частота значительно ниже несущей, на ней легче
реализовывать усилительные каскады. Все это позволяет создать большой
запас по усилению и, применяя АРУ, увеличить динамический диапазон
принимаемых сигналов.
Структурная схема супергетеродинного приемника приведена на рис.1. в
таком приемнике может еще присутствовать схема автоматической подстройки
частоты, но она, как правило, не применяется в диапазоне средних волн.
Рис. 1 Блок-схема супергетеродинного приемника АМ-сигналов
ВЦ – входная цепь
УРЧ – усилитель радиочастоты
СМ – смеситель
Г – гетеродин
УПЧ – усилитель промежуточной частоты
Д – детектор
УНЧ – усилитель низкой частоты
ОАп – оконечный аппарат
Вару – выпрямитель АРУ
Фару – фильтр АРУ
Данная блок-схема является типовой и применяется в большинстве
используемых на практике приемников. Сейчас разработаны интегральные
микросхемы, которые выполняют роль целых узлов приемника и даже всего
устройства в целом. Применение таких интегральных схем позволяет
упростить проектирование приемников, повысить их надежность, снизить
стоимость, массу, габариты.
Предварительный расчет полосы пропускания
Полосу пропускания высокочастотного тракта супергетеродинного приемника
без системы автоматической подстройки частоты можно определить по
формуле: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 где:
?fсп – ширина спектра принимаемого сигнала, составляющие которого, с
учетом допустимых искажений, не должны выходить за пределы полосы
пропускания приемника;
?fд – изменение несущей частоты сигнала за счет доплеровского эффекта;
?fнест – величина на которую необходимо расширить полосу пропускания
приемника для учета нестабильности частот передатчика и гетеродина
приемника, а также погрешностей в настройке отдельных контуров и всего
приемника в целом.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где:
вс – относительная нестабильность частоты сигнала fc
вг – относительная нестабильность частоты гетеродина приемника fг;
вн – относительная погрешность установки частоты приемника при
безпоисковой настройке, отнесенной к частоте сигнала fс
впр – относительная погрешность и нестабильность настройки контуров
тракта промежуточной частоты, отнесенная к промежуточной частоте fпр.
Для двух полосного одноканального АМ сигнала: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, где
Fв – верхняя частота модуляции сигнала.
Выберем однокаскадный гетеродин без кварцевой стабилизации, для него
можно принять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. Согласно ТЗ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. Выбор Вг произведен
согласно табл. 1.1 [1]. Значение коэффициента Впр, как правило,
колеблется от 0,0003 до 0,003 и зависит, главным образом, от
температурного
picscalex100010009000003540000000000120000000000050000000902000000000400
000002010100050000000102ffffff00040000002e011800050000003102010000000500
00000b0200000000050000000c02200220011200000026060f001a00ffffffff00001000
0000c0ffffffa6ffffffe0000000c60100000b00000026060f000c004d61746854797065
000050000a00000026060f000a00ffffffff010000000000030000000000коэффициента
катушек контуров, настраиваемых на промежуточную частоту. Пусть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. Величина Вн обычно равна
0,003-0,01 и определяется в основном точностью настройки контура
гетеродина механизмом перестройки или погрешностью установки частоты
настройки приемника по его шкале. Если применяется перестройка приемника
оператором по принимаемым сигналам (как в нашем случае), то естественно
величину Вн следует брать равной нулю. Значение промежуточной частоты
выберем стандартное для данного диапазона волн. Пусть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.
Будем считать, что приемник и передатчик неподвижны относительно друг
друга, тогда доплеровское смещение частоты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.
Согласно формуле (2):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Согласно формуле (1):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Выбранная промежуточная частота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 удовлетворяет условиям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(для возможности применения контуров с
реализуемой добротностью) и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 (для фильтрации сигналов промежуточной
частоты при детектировании АМ сигналов).
Выбор средств обеспечения избирательности приемника
В супергетеродинных приемниках, наиболее опасными из побочных каналов
приема являются зеркальный и соседний. Поэтому частотная избирательность
РПрУ зависит в основном от необходимых ослаблений соответственно Sзк
Sск. В приемниках с одинарным преобразованием частоты ослабление
зеркального канала обеспечивает преселектор, ослабление соседнего – в
основном УПЧ и частично преселектор.
picscalex100010009000003540000000000120000000000050000000902000000000400
000002010100050000000102ffffff00040000002e011800050000003102010000000500
00000b0200000000050000000c02200220011200000026060f001a00ffffffff00001000
0000c0ffffffa6ffffffe0000000c60100000b00000026060f000c004d61746854797065
000050000a00000026060f000a00ffffffff010000000000030000000000Исходные
данные: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; выберем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- эквивалентные затухания контуров преселектора с учетом
потерь, вносимых источником сигналов и нагрузкой.
Определим обобщенную рассторйку зеркального канала при верхней настройке
гетеродина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 и нижней
настройке гетеродина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.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picscalex106010009000003990200000300150000000000050000000902000000000400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picscalex107010009000003870200000400150000000000050000000902000000000400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picscalex1050100090000039a0200000300150000000000050000000902000000000400
000002010100050000000102ffffff00040000002e011800050000003102010000000500
00000b0200000000050000000c02c00440231200000026060f001a00ffffffff00001000
0000c0ffffffaaffffff002300006a0400000b00000026060f000c004d61746854797065
0000000109000000fa02000010000000000000002200040000002d010000050000001402
6002b20505000000130260022a0b05000000140260021d0c0500000013026002f9190500
000014026002a31b05000000130260025f1e15000000fb0280fe00000000000090010000
00cc0402001054696d6573204e657720526f6d616e00cceb040000002d01010008000000
320ac002552201000000380008000000320ac0020122010000002c0009000000320ac002
c71f030000003134340008000000320aee03d11c02000000303208000000320aee03711c
010000002c0008000000320aee03b71b01000000300008000000320acd01a11c01000000
310008000000320afb03ab1702000000313009000000320afb03b1140300000034363500
08000000320afb03071301000000320008000000320afb033d0f02000000313008000000
320afb03030d02000000393508000000320afb03a90c010000002c0008000000320afb03
0d0c01000000310008000000320acd01d61602000000313009000000320acd01dc130300
00003436350008000000320acd01121002000000313008000000320acd01d80d02000000
393508000000320acd017e0d010000002c0008000000320acd01e20c0100000031000800
0000320afb03d20802000000313008000000320afb03980602000000393508000000320a
fb033e06010000002c0008000000320afb03a20501000000310008000000320acd01d108
02000000313009000000320acd01d705030000003436350008000000320ac00202040100
0000340015000000fb0220ff0000000000009001000000cc0402001054696d6573204e65
7720526f6d616e00cceb040000002d01020004000000f001010008000000320a4f034519
01000000330008000000320a4f03da1001000000360008000000320a2101701801000000
330008000000320a2101af1101000000360008000000320a4f036f0a0100000036000800
0000320a21016b0a01000000330009000000320a2003150103000000e7eae20010000000
fb0280fe0000000000009001000000020002001053796d626f6c0002040000002d010100
04000000f001020008000000320ac002c51e010000003d0008000000320ac002f51a0100
0000d70008000000320a2803111a01000000fa0008000000320a4c04111a01000000fb00
08000000320ab801111a01000000f90008000000320a28037b0b01000000ea0008000000
320a4c047b0b01000000eb0008000000320ab8017b0b01000000e90008000000320afb03
2d1701000000d70008000000320afb03091401000000d70008000000320afb03db110100
00002d0008000000320afb03bf0e01000000d70008000000320acd01581601000000d700
08000000320acd01b012010000002d0008000000320acd01940f01000000d70008000000
320afb03540801000000d70008000000320acd01530801000000d70008000000320ac002
040501000000d70008000000320ac002d602010000003d0008000000320ac00234000100
000078000a00000026060f000a00ffffffff01000000000010000000fb02100007000000
0000bc02000000cc0102022253797374656d00cc040000002d01020004000000f0010100
030000000000
Выберем верхнюю настройку гетеродина.
Пользуясь нормированными частотными характеристиками преселекторов при
больших расстройках рис. 1.7а [1], находим, что необходимое ослабление
по зеркальному каналу Sзк=32dB может обеспечить простая одноконтурная
входная цепь, поэтому применять более сложные схемы нецелесообразно.
Для выбранного преселектора вычисляем ослабление по соседнему каналу,
которое он создает.
Обобщенная рассторойка для краев полосы пропускания приемника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: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Из рис. 1.7б [1] находим, что такой расстройке соответствует ослабление
преселектора
picscalex107010009000003fa0000000200150000000000050000000902000000000400
000002010100050000000102ffffff00040000002e011800050000003102010000000500
00000b0200000000050000000c02a00260081200000026060f001a00ffffffff00001000
0000c0ffffffa6ffffff20080000460200000b00000026060f000c004d61746854797065
0000900015000000fb0280fe0000000000009001000000cc0402001054696d6573204e65
7720526f6d616e00cc83040000002d01000008000000320a80015a060200000064420800
0000320a8001940501000000370008000000320a80013405010000002c0008000000320a
80017a0401000000300008000000320a8001280001000000530015000000fb0220ff0000
000000009001000000cc0402001054696d6573204e657720526f6d616e00cc8304000000
2d01010004000000f001000008000000320a1302d80102000000eff008000000320a1302
110101000000650010000000fb0280fe0000000000009001000000020002001053796d62
6f6c0002040000002d01000004000000f001010008000000320a80015403010000003d00
0a00000026060f000a00ffffffff01000000000010000000fb021000070000000000bc02
000000cc0102022253797374656d00cc040000002d01010004000000f001000003000000
0000. Рассчитаем ослабление Sпп, которое можно допустить в ФСС, из
выражения: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.
Для выбранного преселектора определим обобщенные расстройки для
соседнего канала из выражения: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,
где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- расстройка
для соседнего канала.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По рис. 1.7б [1] находим, что данной расстройке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 соответствует
ослабление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 соседнего канала, создаваемого
преселектором.
Определяем ослабление соседнего канала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, требуемое от ФСС: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Где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– полное ослабление соседнего
канала, требуемое в приемнике.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.
Расчет входной цепи приемника
Поскольку частота принимаемого сигнала меняется в довольно узком
диапазоне, имеет смысл применить настроенную антенну. В этом случае
можно считать, что внутреннее сопротивление антенны в этом диапазоне
постоянно и является чисто активным (ZА=RА). При необходимости
сопротивление антенны можно согласовать с фидером при помощи
трансформатора, тогда мощность, отдаваемая приемнику, будет
максимальной.
При работе с настроенной антенной часто используется трансформаторная
или автотрансформаторная связь контура с антенной и УРЧ. Выберем
автотрансформаторную связь, т.к. при этом требуется меньшее число
намоточных элементов. Схема входной цепи изображена на рис. 3.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Рис. 3. Схема входной цепи
Исходя из табл. 4.4 [1] находим Ссх=190 пФ.
Находим индуктивность контура
picscalex115010009000003f20100000300150000000000050000000902000000000400
000002010100050000000102ffffff00040000002e011800050000003102010000000500
00000b0200000000050000000c02a004c0191200000026060f001a00ffffffff00001000
0000c0ffffffa6ffffff80190000460400000b00000026060f000c004d61746854797065
0000000109000000fa02000010000000000000002200040000002d010000050000001402
4002af02050000001302400230080500000014024002c8090500000013024002d1111500
0000fb0280fe0000000000009001010000cc0402001054696d6573204e657720526f6d61
6e00cc7e040000002d01010008000000320aa002d51702000000c3ed08000000320aa002
911502000000ecea08000000320ae003210601000000660008000000320ae00319030100
0000d10015000000fb0220ff0000000000009001010000cc0402001054696d6573204e65
7720526f6d616e00cc7e040000002d01020004000000f001010008000000320a4004a006
010000006f0008000000320a40041d0402000000f1f515000000fb0280fe000000000000
9001000000cc0402001054696d6573204e657720526f6d616e00cc7e040000002d010100
04000000f001020008000000320aa00257130200000033340b000000320ac903b70c0700
000028312c393235290009000000320ac903b809030000003139300008000000320ab101
4f0e02000000313008000000320ab1013f0c02000000353308000000320ab101e50b0100
00002c0008000000320ab1012c0b01000000320008000000320ab101f905020000003130
09000000320ab101c90204000000322c353308000000320aa0023a00010000004c001500
0000fb0220ff0000000000009001000000cc0402001054696d6573204e657720526f6d61
6e00cc7e040000002d01020004000000f001010008000000320a1d032811010000003200
08000000320a0501dd0f01000000340008000000320a18032a0701000000320008000000
320a0501870701000000340010000000fb0280fe00000000000090010000000200020010
53796d626f6c0002040000002d01010004000000f001020008000000320aa00237120100
00003d0008000000320ac903270c01000000d70008000000320ab101e30d01000000d700
08000000320aa0029608010000003d0008000000320ae003430501000000d70008000000
320ab1018d0501000000d70008000000320aa0027d01010000003d000a00000026060f00
0a00ffffffff01000000000010000000fb021000070000000000bc02000000cc01020222
53797374656d00cc040000002d01020004000000f0010100030000000000.
Теперь вычисляем коэффициенты включения фидера mА и входа УРЧ mвх для
согласования при заданном dэр контура входной цепи:
picscalex1150100090000038c0100000400170000000000050000000902000000000400
000002010100050000000102ffffff00040000002e011800050000003102010000000500
00000b0200000000050000000c02c002e0101200000026060f001a00ffffffff00001000
0000c0ffffffb6ffffffa0100000760200000b00000026060f000c004d61746854797065
0000800009000000fa02000010000000000000002200040000002d010000050000001402
bb01fd030500000013029f012e0409000000fa0200002000000000000000220004000000
2d010100050000001402a7012e0405000000130260027504040000002d01000005000000
140260027d040500000013025200db040500000014025200db0405000000130252009310
17000000fb0220ff0000000000009001000000cc0402001054696d6573204e657720526f
6d616e2043797200cc7e040000002d01020008000000320a2002bd0f01000000f4000800
0000320a2002810c02000000f1f508000000320a2002fe09010000006f0008000000320a
20029d0702000000fdf008000000320a2002840101000000c00017000000fb0280fe0000
000000009001000000cc0402001054696d6573204e657720526f6d616e2043797200cc7e
040000002d01030004000000f001020008000000320ac001620e01000000570008000000
320ac0016b0b01000000430008000000320ac001b90601000000640008000000320ac001
000601000000350008000000320ac001a605010000002c0008000000320ac001ed040100
0000300008000000320ac0013a00010000006d0010000000fb0280fe0000000000009001
000000020002001053796d626f6c0002040000002d01020004000000f001030008000000
320ac001c40d01000000d70008000000320ac001d90a01000000d70008000000320ac001
ed0801000000770008000000320ac001990801000000d70008000000320ac001bc020100
00003d000a00000026060f000a00ffffffff01000000000010000000fb02100007000000
0000bc02000000cc0102022253797374656d00cc040000002d01030004000000f0010200
030000000000
picscalex111010009000003b40100000400170000000000050000000902000000000400
000002010100050000000102ffffff00040000002e011800050000003102010000000500
00000b0200000000050000000c02c00220151200000026060f001a00ffffffff00001000
0000c0ffffffb6ffffffe0140000760200000b00000026060f000c004d61746854797065
0000800009000000fa02000010000000000000002200040000002d010000050000001402
bc011904050000001302a0014a0409000000fa0200002000000000000000220004000000
2d010100050000001402a8014a0405000000130261029104040000002d01000005000000
1402610299040500000013025200f7040500000014025200f7040500000013025200e014
17000000fb0220ff0000000000009001000000cc0402001054696d6573204e657720526f
6d616e2043797200cca8040000002d01020008000000320a2002bd1302000000e2f50800
0000320a2002ca1002000000f1f508000000320a20025e0e01000000ee0008000000320a
20023c0802000000fdf008000000320a20027d0102000000e2f517000000fb0280fe0000
000000009001000000cc0402001054696d6573204e657720526f6d616e2043797200cca8
040000002d01030004000000f001020008000000320ac001921201000000520008000000
320ac001b70f01000000d10008000000320ac0011a0c01000000290008000000320ac001
4e0b01000000640008000000320ac0018e0a01000000320008000000320ac0015b070100
0000640008000000320ac001d70601000000280008000000320ac0011d06010000003500
08000000320ac001c305010000002c0008000000320ac001090501000000300008000000
320ac0013a00010000006d0010000000fb0280fe00000000000090010000000200020010
53796d626f6c0002040000002d01020004000000f001030008000000320ac00102120100
0000d70008000000320ac0012d0f01000000d70008000000320ac001520d010000007700
08000000320ac001c80c01000000d70008000000320ac0017b09010000002d0008000000
320ac001e302010000003d000a00000026060f000a00ffffffff01000000000010000000
fb021000070000000000bc02000000cc0102022253797374656d00cc040000002d010300
04000000f0010200030000000000
Для нашего случая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, где:
Wф – волновое сопротивление фидера
Rвх – входное сопротивление УРЧ (1го каскада).
В качестве фидера выбран коаксиальный кабель РК-103 длиной 4м со
следующими параметрами: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– затухание; волновое сопротивление Wф = 74 Ом.
Из таблицы 4.5 [1] выбираем собственное затухание контура d = 0,0095.
Ранее выбрано dэр = 0,02.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Рассчитываем коэффициент передачи напряжения входной цепи: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, где:
Lф – коэффициент передачи фидера, определяемый из рис.4.16 по
произведению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(lф – длина фидера, м). В нашем случае
picscalex111010009000003660100000200170000000000050000000902000000000400
000002010100050000000102ffffff00040000002e011800050000003102010000000500
00000b0200000000050000000c022003c0151200000026060f001a00ffffffff00001000
0000c0ffffffc0ffffff80150000e00200000b00000026060f000c004d61746854797065
0000900017000000fb0280fe0000000000009001000000cc0402001054696d6573204e65
7720526f6d616e2043797200cc7e040000002d01000008000000320a0002001402000000
393808000000320a0002a613010000002c0008000000320a0002ec120100000030000800
0000320a0002980f010000004c0008000000320a0002700c01000000320008000000320a
00020a0c010000002c0008000000320a0002500b01000000300008000000320a00021609
01000000340008000000320a0002b20602000000303508000000320a0002520601000000
2c0008000000320a0002980501000000300008000000320a0002c802010000006c001700
0000fb0220ff0000000000009001000000cc0402001054696d6573204e657720526f6d61
6e2043797200cc7e040000002d01010004000000f001000008000000320a6002a2100100
0000f40008000000320a60024e0301000000f40008000000320a6002140101000000f400
10000000fb0280fe0000000000009001000000020002001053796d626f6c000204000000
2d01000004000000f001010008000000320a0002c611010000003d0008000000320a0002
2a0a010000003d0008000000320a00026e0801000000d70008000000320a000272040100
00003d0008000000320a0002260201000000d70008000000320a00022800010000006200
0a00000026060f000a00ffffffff01000000000010000000fb021000070000000000bc02
000000cc0102022253797374656d00cc040000002d01010004000000f001000003000000
0000
Кос – коэффициент передачи собственно входной цепи при согласовании,
равный: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Коэффициент передачи входной цепи можно считать практически неизменным в
заданном диапазоне, т.к. этот диапазон относительно узкий (коэффициент
перекрытия диапазона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, т.е. близок к 1).
Рассчитываем емкость контура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,
где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- паразитная емкость катушки контура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 – емкость монтажа схемы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По ГОСТу выбираем элементы схемы конденсатор С1 емкостью 200 пФ и
конденсатор С2 переменной емкости 4/25пФ
По методике, аналогичной для входной цепи, рассчитываем контур
гетеродина.
Выбор распределения усиления по линейному тракту приемника
Необходимое усиление сигналов в линейном тракте следует обеспечить при
достаточной устойчивости каскадов (возможно в меньшем их числе),
используя экономичные электронные приборы. Если чувствительность
приемника задана в виде Э.Д.С. сигнала в антенне Еа, то коэффициент
усиления линейного тракта приемника Кол должен быть равен: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, где:
uп – амплитуда сигнала на выходе УПЧ приемника.
Учитывая это используем микросхему К174ХА2, примем uп = 60 мВ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.
Выбор средств обеспечения усиления линейного тракта можно начать с
определения коэффициента усиления преселектора (ВЦ и УРЧ). В
транзисторных приемниках коэффициент усиления преселектора Копс можно
найти из выражения: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, где:
Ковц – коэффициент передачи входной цепи
Курч – коэффициент усиления УРЧ.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В супергетеродинном приемнике основное усиление сигнала производится на
промежуточной частоте, поэтому выберем К0урч = 20dB, т.е. Курч = 10.
Требуемый коэффициент усиления по напряжению УПЧ и преобразователя
частоты с транзисторным смесителем, равен: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, где:
Кз = 2…3 – коэффициент запаса усиления, учитывающий старение электронных
приборов, расстройку контуров и уменьшения напряжений питания в процессе
эксплуатации. Выберем Кз = 2.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Тогда усиления УПЧ будет равно: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Выбор схемного решения РПрУ и расчет усилителя высокой частоты
В заданном частотном диапазоне появляется возможность применить
интегральную микросхему. Используем ИС К174ХА2. Базовым элементом в этой
микросхеме является дифференциальный усилитель, что объясняется рядом
его свойств:
– способность подавлять синфазную составляющую входного сигнала,
выделять и усиливать разностную. Это позволяет снизить влияние на
параметры усилителя нестабильности температуры окружающей среды и
напряжения питания. Не применяя обычных мер по термостабилизации, можно
отказаться от использования конденсаторов большой емкости, которые
неудобно использовать в интегральной технологии;
– универсальность. Дифференциальный усилитель может выполнять функции
усиления, ограничения, преобразования частоты, регулирования. Такая
схема может иметь симметричный или несимметричный вход и выход;
– малая паразитная обратная связь между входом и выходом. Такой факт
позволяет использовать дифференциальную схему на высоких частотах, не
применяя схему нейтрализации этой паразитной связи.
Данная микросхема предназначена для использования в приемниках
амплитудно-модулированных сигналов. Она может работать в диапазоне
частот до 30 МГц, имея при этом усиление, позволяющие принимать сигналы
с отношением сигнал–шум на выходе 20 dВ, при э.д.с. в антенне менее 20
мкВ, а при сигнале 3 мВ отношение сигнал-шум равно 54 dВ.
При напряжении на входе, равном 20 мкВ выходное напряжение НЧ составляет
60 мВ, коэффициент гармоник при этом обеспечивается менее 4%. Напряжение
питания может выбираться в пределах 4,8/15В. Ток потребления 5/16 mА.
Входное сопротивление усилителя РЧ по входам 1, 2 составляет более 3
кОм, а входное сопротивление УПЧ по выводу 12 также составляет более 3
кОм. Выходное сопротивление усилителя промежуточной частоты по выводу 7
равно 60 кОм.
Структурный состав микросхемы приведен в приложении 1. Она состоит из
стабилизатора питающего напряжения (1), усилителя радиочастоты (2),
смесителя (3), гетеродина (4), четырехкаскадного усилителя промежуточной
частоты (6-9), усилителя сигнала АРУ (10).
Сигнал после прохождения входной цепи и предварительной частотной
селекции в ней подается на усилитель радиочастоты, реализованный в виде
однокаскадного апериодического дифференциального усилителя на
транзисторах VТ3 и VТ4. В нашем случае от усилителя высокой частоты не
требуется большого усиления. Он должен иметь малый коэффициент шума,
т.к. стоит в начале линейного тракта приемника и от него в наибольшей
степени зависит коэффициент шума всего тракта. Регулировка усиления
осуществляется комбинированным методом, за счет управляемой обратной
связи через диоды VD4 и VD5 в цепях эмиттеров транзисторов и в
коллекторных цепях – путем управляемого шунтирования нагрузки через
диоды VD1-VD3. Ток диодов изменяется усилителем постоянного тока,
собранного на транзисторах VT1-VT3. Стабилизация входного каскада по
постоянному току осуществляется через эмиттерный повторитель VT6.
Смеситель в данной микросхеме выполнен по двойной балансной схеме на
транзисторах VT11-VT12 и VT7-VT10. Один из его выходов (15 или 16) может
использоваться для включения контура детектора АРУ усилителя
радиочастоты, а с другой – для подачи сигнала ПЧ на фильтр
сосредоточенной селекции. Режим этого каскада по постоянному току
устанавливается с помощью напряжения на диоды VD6-VD8.
Гетеродин в микросхеме строится на транзисторе VT13. Контур гетеродина
подключается как внешний, по отношению к микросхеме, элемент. Усилитель
промежуточной частоты состоит из четырех дифференциальных каскадов:
первый каскад – транзисторы VT18 и VТ19, второй – VT22-VT23, третий –
VT26, VT27; четвертый – VT29 и VT30. Первые три каскада имеют
регулируемое усиление. Регулировка осуществляется через диоды VD15-VD20.
Управляющий усилением сигнал снимается с транзистора VT31. Этот
транзистор совместно с транзисторами VT32-VT34 образует усилитель
постоянного тока. Такая схема дает возможность получить глубину
регулировки усиления УПЧ более 60 dВ.
Воспользуемся регулировочной характеристикой усилителя высокой частоты,
представленной на рис.4. Из нее видно, что для обеспечения выбранного
коэффициента усиления усилителя радиочастоты КУРЧ = 20 dВ, необходимо
подать на вывод 3 используемой микросхемы управляющее напряжение U3 =
0,31 В.
Выбор фильтра сосредоточенной селекции
Вместо многозвенных LС-фильтров в схемах усилителей промежуточной
частоты с сосредоточенной избирательностью с успехом можно применять
пьезоэлектрические, электромеханические и пьезомеханические фильтры.
Указанные фильтры, имея малые габариты и массу, обладают близкой к
идеальной кривой избирательности.
Наш фильтр, исходя из требований ТЗ и расчетов входной цепи должен
обеспечить затухание по соседнему каналу Sскп = 18,5 dВ и вносить
затухание в полосе пропускания не более 2,3 dВ.
Выбираем по таблице 6.6 [1] пьезомеханический фильтр ПФ1П-4-1, т.к. он
имеет малое затухание Lф в полосе пропускания и достаточное ослабление
при расстройке ±10 кГЦ от номинальной промежуточной частоты fп = 465
кГц. Малая критичность пьезомеханических фильтров к изменению
нагрузочных сопротивлений позволяет подключать их к следующему каскаду
непосредственно (без согласующего трансформатора). Вообще, номинальные
значения характеристических сопротивлений пьезомеханических фильтров,
как правило, значительно отличаются от входных и выходных сопротивлений
транзисторных каскадов. Поэтому эти фильтры включают в усилитель через
согласующие звенья. Наибольшее распространение получила схема
межкаскадной связи, в которой фильтр подключен к коллекторной цепи через
широкополосный контур. Такая схема представлена на рис. 5. Расчет
сводится к определению элементов связи.
Параметры фильтра:
– затухание на частоте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– номинальное значение характеристических сопротивлений: выходного Wб =
1 кОм
входного Wк = 2 кОм.
Определяем показатель связи фильтра с усилителем: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, где: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d – конструктивное затухание контура (обычно d?0,01)
picscalex970100090000031402000003001700000000000500000009020000000004000
00002010100050000000102ffffff00040000002e0118000500000031020100000005000
0000b0200000000050000000c028008c0111200000026060f001a00ffffffff000010000
000c0ffffffaeffffff801100002e0800000b00000026060f000c004d617468547970650
000f00109000000fa02000010000000000000002200040000002d0100000500000014023
c0280020500000013023c02ec0c0500000014024d0609040500000013024d067f0a17000
000fb0280fe0000000000009001000000cc0402001054696d6573204e657720526f6d616
e2043797200cc83040000002d01010008000000320aad06dd0c020000003535080000003
20aad06830c010000002c0008000000320aad06e70b01000000310008000000320adb07e
a0901000000290009000000320adb07aa07030000003038360008000000320adb074a070
10000002c0008000000320adb07ae0601000000310008000000320adb079e04010000003
50008000000320adb07200401000000280008000000320ab605ed0901000000290009000
000320ab605ad07030000003038360008000000320ab6054d07010000002c00080000003
20ab605b10601000000310008000000320ab6059b0401000000350008000000320ab6051
d0401000000280008000000320aad063a0001000000c00009000000320a9c02500f03000
0003038360008000000320a9c02f00e010000002c0008000000320a9c02540e010000003
10009000000320aca033306040000003835363408000000320aa9017c0b0200000030310
8000000320aa9011c0b010000002c0008000000320aa901620a010000003000080000003
20aa9013e0702000000313009000000320aa9014404030000003436350008000000320aa
9019a0201000000320017000000fb0220ff0000000000009001000000cc0402001054696
d6573204e657720526f6d616e2043797200cc83040000002d01020004000000f00101000
8000000320a0d07770102000000f1e208000000320afd00d80801000000330010000000f
b0280fe0000000000009001000000020002001053796d626f6c0002040000002d0101000
4000000f001020008000000320aad06e50a010000003d0008000000320adb07ac0501000
0002d0008000000320ab605a905010000002b0008000000320aad06d702010000003d000
8000000320a9c02520d010000003d0008000000320aa901c00901000000d700080000003
20aa901c00601000000d70008000000320aa9019c0301000000d70008000000320a9c024
e01010000003d0008000000320a9c0228000100000062000a00000026060f000a00fffff
fff01000000000010000000fb021000070000000000bc02000000cc01020222537973746
56d00cc040000002d01020004000000f0010100030000000000
picscalex1130100090000037c0900000e00100000000000050000000b02000000000500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Рис. 5 Упрощенная схема согласования фильтра с коллекторной и базовой
цепями
Индуктивность контурной катушки: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picscalex104010009000003110200000300170000000000050000000902000000000400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Коэффициент включения: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Индуктивность катушки связи фильтра с контуром:
picscalex112010009000003350100000300170000000000050000000902000000000400
000002010100050000000102ffffff00040000002e011800050000003102010000000500
00000b0200000000050000000c02600400091200000026060f001a00ffffffff00001000
0000c0ffffffa4ffffffc0080000040400000b00000026060f000c004d61746854797065
0000f00009000000fa02000010000000000000002200040000002d010000050000001402
2002ae050500000013022002a40717000000fb0220ff0000000000009001000000cc0402
001054696d6573204e657720526f6d616e2043797200cc7e040000002d01010008000000
320ad401570801000000320008000000320a0d04f80601000000310008000000320ae201
fe0601000000310008000000320ae002710401000000ea0008000000320ae0022e010100
0000310017000000fb0280fe0000000000009001000000cc0402001054696d6573204e65
7720526f6d616e2043797200cc7e040000002d01020004000000f001010008000000320a
8002b60701000000290008000000320aad03ce05010000004b0008000000320a8201c805
010000006d0008000000320a80021e0501000000280008000000320a8002680301000000
4c0008000000320a80023a00010000004c0010000000fb0280fe00000000000090010000
00020002001053796d626f6c0002040000002d01010004000000f001020008000000320a
80022b02010000003d000a00000026060f000a00ffffffff01000000000010000000fb02
1000070000000000bc02000000cc0102022253797374656d00cc040000002d0102000400
0000f0010100030000000000, где:
К1 – коэффициент связи, обычно равен 0,7…0,9. Выберем К1 = 0,8.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Емкость контура: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Выбор и расчет схемы демодулятора
Возможно применить для детектирования непрерывных
амплитудно-модулированных сигналов диодные или транзисторные детекторы.
Главный недостаток транзисторных коллекторных детекторов – большой
уровень нелинейных искажений. Правда, для них Кд>1, но усиление сигнала
до нужного уровня можно произвести потом в УПЧ, при этом суммарные
искажения сигнала будут меньше.
Диодные детекторы могут быть параллельного и последовательного типа.
Предпочтительнее последовательные детекторы, имеющие относительно
большое входное сопротивление. Параллельные детекторы применяют лишь
тогда, когда контур последнего каскада УПЧ находится под напряжением
питания и сигнал на детектор подается через разделительный конденсатор.
Итак, выбираем последовательный диодный детектор, изображенный на рис.6.
Входное напряжение на детектор подается с контура последнего каскада УПЧ
(Lк Ск).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Рис. 6 Схема последовательного детектора
Конденсатор С1 способствует повышению коэффициента передачи детектора,
звено С2 R1 является фильтром промежуточной частоты. Вообще, схема
последовательного детектора обеспечивает лучшую фильтрацию напряжения
промежуточной частоты, чем параллельная.
Как правило, постоянная составляющая выпрямленного напряжения детектора
в последующих каскадах приемника не используется и является
нежелательной. Для ее устранения в схему вводится разделительный
конденсатор Ср, реактивное сопротивление которого на низкой частоте
мало. Введение разделительного конденсатора уменьшает нагрузку детектора
на частоте модуляции и может привести к большим нелинейным искажениям
принимаемого сигнала. Для уменьшения нелинейных искажений в детекторе по
указанной причине прибегают к разделению нагрузки детектора.
Выбираем диод D95, т.к. он обладает малым внутренним сопротивлением Ri =
10 Ом, большим обратным сопротивлением Rобр = 0,4·106 Ом и сравнительно
небольшой емкостью СD = 1·10-12 Ф. Примем коэффициент частотных
искажений МВ = МН = 1,06.
Требуемое входное сопротивление детектора: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, где:
dэ – затухание последнего контура УПЧ с учетом Rвх д;
d – затухание того же контура без учета действия детектора: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.
В узкополосных УПЧ можно принять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picscalex108010009000003bf0100000300170000000000050000000902000000000400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.
Сопротивление нагрузки последовательного детектора: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,
т.к. Rн>200 кОм, применяем полное подключение диода к контуру.
Рассчитаем эквивалентную емкость нагрузки детектора из условий
отсутствия нелинейных искажений.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Исходя из соотношения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 по рис.9.2 [1] находим, что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 – динамическое внутреннее сопротивление детектора.
Рассчитаем эквивалентную емкость нагрузки детектора, исходя из
допустимых частотных искажений МВ.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Из значений СН, найденных по формулам (1’) и (2’)выбираем наименьшую,
т.е. СН = 137 пФ.
picscalex105010009000003500200000400170000000000050000000902000000000400
000002010100050000000102ffffff00040000002e011800050000003102010000000500
00000b0200000000050000000c02000380291200000026060f001a00ffffffff00001000
0000c0ffffffa3ffffff40290000a30200000b00000026060f000c004d61746854797065
0000700009000000fa02000010000000000000002200040000002d010000050000001402
e201050f050000001302c601360f09000000fa0200002000000000000000220004000000
2d010100050000001402ce01360f05000000130293027d0f040000002d01000005000000
14029302850f0500000013026500e30f0500000014026500e30f05000000130265003f29
17000000fb0220ff0000000000009001000000cc0402001054696d6573204e657720526f
6d616e2043797200ccae040000002d01020009000000320a80027227030000006d617800
08000000320a8002052702000000202008000000320a80028f2601000000c10008000000
320a8002932401000000480009000000320a80021521030000006d61780008000000320a
5801501b01000000320008000000320a8002861a01000000480008000000320a7401a418
01000000320009000000320a80024616030000006d61780008000000320a8002ab0c0100
0000480009000000320a80022d09030000006d61780008000000320a80026f0101000000
320017000000fb0280fe0000000000009001000000cc0402001054696d6573204e657720
526f6d616e2043797200ccae040000002d01030004000000f001020008000000320a2002
5a2501000000520008000000320a20025e2301000000520008000000320a2002d4220100
0000290008000000320a2002c81f010000006d0008000000320a2002be1d010000003100
08000000320a20025e1d01000000280008000000320a2002511901000000520008000000
320a2002051801000000290008000000320a2002f914010000006d0008000000320a2002
ef1201000000310008000000320a20028f1201000000280008000000320a200215110200
0000323508000000320a2002af10010000002c0008000000320a2002f50f010000003000
08000000320a2002760b01000000520008000000320a2002ec0a01000000290008000000
320a2002e007010000006d0008000000320a2002d60501000000310008000000320a2002
760501000000280008000000320a2002bc0401000000350008000000320a200262040100
00002c0008000000320a2002a80301000000300008000000320a20023a00010000005200
10000000fb0280fe0000000000009001000000020002001053796d626f6c000204000000
2d01020004000000f001030008000000320a2002a81e010000002d0008000000320a2002
3f1c010000002b0008000000320a2002d913010000002d0008000000320a2002d20d0100
00002b0008000000320a2002c006010000002d0008000000320a20027602010000003d00
0a00000026060f000a00ffffffff01000000000010000000fb021000070000000000bc02
000000cc0102022253797374656d00cc040000002d01030004000000f001020003000000
0000, где:
RБ max – максимально допустимое сопротивление в цепи базы следующего
транзистора.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picscalex107010009000003a00100000200170000000000050000000902000000000400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Емкости конденсаторов: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, где:
См2 = 15…20 пФ – емкость монтажа входной цепи УНЧ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Коэффициент фильтрации напряжения промежуточной частоты для
последовательного детектора: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При рассчитанном КФ обеспечится заданное в ТЗ ослабление на
промежуточной частоте Sпч = 40 dВ.
Из соотношения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 по рис. 9.2 [1] находим Кд = 0,798 ?
0,8.
Выбор и расчет схемы АРУ
АРУ обеспечивает требуемое относительное постоянство выходного
напряжения приемника в условиях изменения мощности принимаемых сигналов.
Инерционные системы АРУ с обратной связью представляют собой замкнутую
нелинейную систему автоматического регулирования, содержащую
усилительный тракт приемника с регулируемым коэффициентом усиления и
цепь регулирования. Последняя состоит из детектора АРУ, фильтра и
усилителя. В общем случае, может быть еще схема задержки.
Характеристики такой системы и ее динамические свойства определяются
видом регулировочной характеристики регулируемого усилительного тракта и
свойствами цепи регулирования, обеспечивающей формирование регулирующего
напряжения Uр. Регулировочная характеристика УПЧ, реализованного в
микросхеме К174ХА2.
Имеющаяся в нашем распоряжении регулировочная характеристика является
нелинейной. Наиболее часто при анализе и расчете систем АРУ пользуется
ее кусочно-линейной аппроксимацией. В подавляющем большинстве случаев
для инженерного расчета оказывается вполне допустима аппроксимация тремя
отрезками прямой (рис.8). Основным параметром регулировочной
характеристики является ее крутизна Sр. Требования к эффективности
системы АРУ определяются заданием коэффициентов: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;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.
В процессе работы системы АРУ усиление каскадов приемника, охваченных
цепью регулирования, изменяется от максимального значения Ко до
некоторого минимального значения Кmin, определяемого наибольшим уровнем
входного сигнала. Относительное изменение усиления представляет собой
глубину регулирования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Она определяется только регулируемыми каскадами. Коэффициенты D и В
определяют необходимые требования к глубине регулирования, а тем самым и
к виду регулировочной характеристики.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В нашем случае: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picscalex116010009000003470100000300170000000000050000000902000000000400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, т.к.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, то работа системы АРУ будет проходить на «хвосте»
регулировочной характеристики с меньшим значением ее крутизны и большим
регулирующим напряжением. При таком режиме работы необходимую
эффективность системы АРУ можно реализовать с помощью дополнительного
усиления в цепи регулирования. Требования к усилению в цепи
регулирования, т.е. к произведению коэффициента передачи детектора АРУ
Кд и коэффициента усиления усилителя АРУ Ку можно найти: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, где:
В = 1,995 – из ТЗ
Um вых min – напряжение на выходе последнего каскада, охваченного цепью
регулирования, при входном сигнале приемника, соответствующем его
чувствительности. Из [5] находим, что Um вых min ? 63 мВ.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Такое усиление (Ку) должен обеспечить усилитель АРУ, реализованный в
микросхеме К174ХА2. Очевидно, что такое усиление достижимо, т.е.
обеспечена заданная глубина регулировки.
В используемой микросхеме охвачены регулировкой n=3 каскада УПЧ.
Динамические свойства системы АРУ с ОС определяются, с одной стороны,
постоянными времени фильтров и других инерционных элементов цепи
регулирования, а с другой некоторым обобщенным параметром системы М =
КдКуSрumвх. Максимальное быстродействие системы АРУ будет иметь место
при наибольшем значении указанного параметра, которое приближенно для n
? 6 можно считать равным: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Т.к. нам не заданы требования к длительности переходного процесса tАРУ,
а имеются требования к уровню нелинейных искажений в виде коэффициента
гармоник Кг=0,12, то при выборе постоянной времени фильтра АРУ будем
исходить из обеспечения Кг. В приемниках АМ сигналов АРУ является
причиной связи (ОС) по огибающей входного сигнала, особенно на ее НЧ
составляющих и их гармониках. Такая ОС вызывает изменение коэффициента
модуляции принимаемого сигнала, вносит дополнительные фазовые и
нелинейные искажения. Степень этих искажений зависит от постоянной
времени фильтра и Мmax. Поэтому для АРУ 1го порядка постоянную времени
выбирают по формуле: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;
Пусть СФ = 5?10-6 Ф, тогда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.
Выбор схемы УНЧ
Для обеспечения малых массогабаритных показателей приемника, повышения
его надежности, обеспечения требуемых в ТЗ параметров и получения
дополнительных возможностей в регулировках используем в качестве УНЧ
микросхему К174УН7. Это распространенная ИС, ее применение обосновано
как технически, так и экономически.
Данный усилитель состоит из трех каскадов. Входным каскадом усилителя
является составной эмиттерный повторитель (VT1 и VT2). Входное
сопротивление этого каскада более 50 кОм. В коллектор транзистора VT2
включена динамическая нагрузка, построенная на транзисторе VT3. Этот
транзистор является генератором постоянного тока. Стабилизация тока
обеспечивается транзисторами VT4 и VT5. Входной каскад дает большое
усиление. Сигнал с коллектора транзистора VT2 проходит через составной
эмиттерный повторитель VT6, VT7, VT8, VT10. Далее сигнал поступает на
оконечный двухтактный каскад, транзисторы VT14, VT16 которого образуют
одно плечо, а транзисторы VT15 и VT17 – другое. Этот каскад обеспечивает
выходной ток усилителя. Для стабилизации рабочей точки служит составной
каскад на VT11 и VT12.
Основные параметры усилителя: напряжение питания 15В; ток потребления
без входного сигнала 20 мА; коэффициент гармоник для выходной мощности
4,5 Вт; выходная мощность 4,5 Вт; полоса частот 40 – 20000 Гц; входное
сопротивление 50 кОм; коэффициент усиления 40 dВ.
Практически схема усилителя приведена на рис. 9.
Выходная мощность усилителя на нагрузке 8 Ом составляет 1,5 Вт;
коэффициент гармоник не более 1%; диапазон частот от 50 до 12000 Гц;
чувствительность усилителя 20 мВ. Тембр регулируется потенциометром R4:
при уменьшении R4 снижается уровень высокочастотных составляющих; при
увеличении R4 снижаются низкочастотные составляющие.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Рис. 9 Схема включения микросхемы К174УН7
Список используемых источников
1. Проектирование радиоприемных устройств: Учебное пособие для ВУЗов /
Под ред. А.П. Сиверса. М: Сов. радио, 1976. 488 с.
2. Лузин В.И., Никитин Н.П. Проектирование радиоприемных устройств:
Методические указания. Свердловск: УПИ, 1990. 20 с.
3. Бобров Н.В., Максимов Г.В., Мичурин В.Н. Расчет радиоприемников. М:
воениздат, 1971, 180с.
4. Гершелев В.Д., Красноцветова З.Г., Федорцев Б.Ф. Основы
проектирования радиоприемников. М: Энергия, 1977. 384 с.
5. Горшков Б.И. Элементы радиоэлектронных устройств. Справочник. М:
”Радио и связь”, 1988 – 316 с.
Приложение
Структурная схема интегральной микросхемы К174ХА2
picscalex127010009000003a41100000500130000000000050000000b02000000000500
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02000400000002010100040000002d01000005000000140291006d010500000013029100
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