БЕЛОРУССКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ ИНФОРМАТИКИ И РАДИОЭЛЕКТРОНИКИ
кафедра ЭТТ
РЕФЕРАТ
на тему:
«ЛЮМИНИСЦЕНЦИЯ»
МИНСК, 2008
1. Люминисценция
Явление, при котором вещество, либо поглощая энергию света ионизирующего
или другого излучения, либо под действием различных химических реакций
переходит в возбужденное состояние, а затем, возвращаясь в исходное
состояние, излучает полученную энергию в виде света, называют
люминесценцией. Кратковременное люминесцентное излучение, прекращающееся
почти сразу с окончанием возбуждения, это флюоресценция, а длительное,
продолжающееся и после окончания возбуждения, – фосфоресценция. Явления
люминесценции делятся на несколько видов, в зависимости от способа
возбуждения (табл. 1).
Фотолюминесценция – свечение вещества при облучении светом.
Фотолюминесцентные материалы это возбуждаемые ультрафиолетовым
излучением соединения Y2O3:Eu3+ (красное свечение) и CaWO4:Pb
(сине-зеленое свечение), рабочие тела лазеров, такие, как рубин (Al2O3:
Сг3+), неодимовое стекло, органические красители, подобные родамину 6Ж,
и многие другие.
Катодная люминесценция – свечение вещества при облучении пучком
электронов. Пример материалов для катодной люминесценции – ZnS:Cu, Al
(зеленое свечение), Y2O3S:Eu4 и модификации ZnO (красное свечение).
Существуют также материалы, светящиеся при бомбардировке
низкоскоростными электронами: ZnO:Zn (зеленое свечение), ZnS:Ag + In2O3
(сине-зеленое свечение) и им подобные.
Электролюминесценция – свечение вещества под действием электрического
поля. При этом свечение под действием сильного поля, увеличивающего
кинетическую энергию носителей заряда в веществе, называют предпробной
электролюминесценцией, а излучение света, возбуждаемое инжектированными
носителями за счет разности их потенциальных энергий, созданной в
твердом теле, называют инжекционной люминесценцией. Пример материалов
для предпробойной электролюминесценции – ZnS:Cu, XnS:Mn, а для
инжекционной – GaP:N, GAP:Zn, GaAs1-xPx, Alx Ga1-xAs
Свечение, сопровождающее химические реакции, проходящие в веществах,
называют хемолюминесценцией. Пример такого явления – свечение синего
цвета, возникающее при окислении желтого фосфора. Возбуждение
химического лазера производится с помощью, например, реакции между
фтором и водородом.
Чаще всего энергия (частота) возбуждающего излучения выше энергии
(частоты) свечения, и тогда люминесценцию называют стоксовой. В
противоположном случае говорят об антистоксовой люминесценции.
Таблица 1. Виды, механизмы, материалы и применение люминесценции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.Вынужденное излучение и усиление света
Все атомы и молекулы, все твердые тела и жидкости могут излучать свет с
характерным для каждого из них набором длин волн. Причина в том, что
энергия электронов в атоме, колебательная и вращательная энергия
молекул, энергия электронных уровней в твердом теле может принимать
только определенные дискретные наборы значений, характерные для каждого
конкретного вида атомов, молекул и твердых тел. И когда электрон с
энергией E2 переходит на уровень с энергией Е1 испускается квант света с
длиной волны л, обратно пропорциональной разности этих энергий (E2 – Е1
= hv, где h – постоянная Планка, v = 1/ л).
Излучение света может происходить двумя способами. Первый способ показан
на рис. 2а. Когда электроны в атоме, находившиеся на энергетическом
уровне E2, без постороннего влияния переходят на более низкий
энергетический уровень E1, испустив световой квант, это спонтанное
излучение. Если рядом находится атом, способный излучать свет с длиной
волны, равной л, или очень близкой к ней, то при поглощении этим атомом
света с указанной длиной волны электрон переходит с уровня E1 на уровень
E2. Такое явление называют резонансным поглощением (рис. 2б). Второй
способ: электроны находятся на уровне E2 и атом подвергается воздействию
света с длиной волны, соответствующей резонансному поглощению. В этом
случае атом испускает свет, по длине волны и фазе полностью
соответствующий воздействию (рис. 2в). Такое явление называют
вынужденным (индуцированным) излучением.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Рис. 2. Спонтанное излучение (а), резонансное поглощение (б)
и вынужденное излучение (в) света
Считают, что причины вынужденного излучения таковы. При отсутствии света
волновая функция электрона (квадрат ее амплитуды выражает вероятность
пребывания электрона на данном энергетическом уровне) может быть либо
функцией состояния E1 либо функцией состояния E2 (рис. 3а), причем обе
эти волновые функции взаимно независимы. Под действием электромагнитного
поля света распределение вероятности изменяется. Возникает суперпозиция
состояний, описываемая линейной комбинацией указанных выше волновых
функций. Иначе говоря, возникает смещение зарядов вдоль вектора
напряженности электрического поля падающего света, причем заряды
колеблются около положения равновесия с той же фазой и частотой, что и
световая волна. Атом становится диполем, излучающим свет с частотой и
фазой падающего света.
Если собрать N свободных атомов, то получим N электронов и 2N
энергетических уровней. Когда эта система находится в тепловом
равновесии, то число электронов n1 на уровнях с энергией E1 больше, чем
число электронов n2 на уровнях с энергией E2. И хотя такая система в
состоянии излучать свет с длиной волны л, однако резонансное поглощение
преобладает и спонтанное излучение прекратится. Но если каким-либо
способом сделать n2 больше, чем n1 (такое распределение электронов
называют инверсным, и так как, по определению абсолютной температуры,
это состояние возможно только при температуре ниже абсолютного нуля, его
называют состоянием с отрицательной температурой), то вынужденное
излучение будет преобладать над резонансным поглощением (рис. 4). Таким
образом, падающий свет может сопровождаться вынужденным излучением с той
же фазой и длиной волны, но интенсивностью во много раз выше. Это и есть
усиление света. Повышение интенсивности на единицу длины рабочего тела,
выраженное в процентах, называют коэффициентом усиления. Свет можно
усиливать с помощью неодимового стекла и подобных ему материалов.
Лазерная генерация – это усиление вынужденного излучения с
использованием оптического резонатора.
3. Синхронное орбитальное излучение
При искривлении траектории в магнитном поле ускорителей кольцевого типа,
например синхротрона, электроны излучают электромагнитные волны,
называемые синхротронным орбитальным излучением В настоящее время часто
используют термины синхротронное излучение и синхротронное свечение.
На рис. 7 приведена схема возникновения синхронного излучения в
устройстве кольцевого типа. Электроны, уже набравшие необходимую
скорость в линейном ускорителе, влетают в кольцо с поворотными
электромагнитами и движутся в нем. В тех местах, где магнитное поле
искривляет траекторию электронов, ставятся выходные окна для излучения.
Полученное излучение используют для различных целей. Такие сооружения
есть в Японии: в Институте деления атомного ядра Токийского университета
(0,4 ГэВ), в Институте деления и синтеза атомных ядер (0,6 ГэВ) и в
институте физики высоких энергий (2,5 ГэВ).
Синхротронное излучение может занимать любую область в широком спектре
длин волн – от инфракрасного, видимого и ультрафиолетового до рентгенов.
4. Хромизм
Хромизмом называют обратимые изменения цвета вещества под действием
электрического поля, при облучении светом или пучком электронов. Если
цвет изменяется под действием ультрафиолетовых лучей и становится
прежним под действием видимого света – это фотохромизм. Если цвет
изменяется при облучении пучком электронов – это катодный хромизм, а под
действием электрического поля – электрохромизм.
Фотохромные материалы – это, например, хлориды щелочей (КС1 и др.),
фториды типа СаF2 с присадками редкоземельных элементов или такие
вещества, как SrTiO3, CaTiO3, TiO2, с присадками металлов переходных
групп, а также некоторые органические вещества. Электрохромные материалы
среди неорганики – хлориды щелочей, оксиды переходных металлов типа WO3
и MoO3, а среди органики – биологические материалы и их производные, а
также имидазол, дифталоцианины редкоземельных элементов.
Рассмотрим для примера механизм фотохромного изменения окраски в
кристалле СаF2:Sm, Eu. Как показано на рис. 5, атомы Sm и Eu имеют
уровни возбуждения, различные по энергии ионизации. Когда кристалл
находится в состоянии теплового равновесия, уровни Sm2+ и Eu3++
поглощают свет и в белом свете образец приобретает зеленую окраску. Если
кристалл подвергнуть ультрафиолетовому облучению, имеющему энергию hw1
электроны с уровней Sm2+ переходят в зону проводимости и ион Sm2+
превращается в Sm3+. Перешедший в зону проводимости электрон посредством
тепловой релаксации опускается до уровня Eu3+, и получается ион Eu2+. В
результате пропадает окраска кристалла – он становится бесцветным. Но
если теперь осветить этот же кристалл видимым светом с энергией hw2,
соответствующей разности между энергиями уровня Eu2+ и зоны
проводимости, переход электронов произойдет в обратном направлении и
кристалл снова приобретет зеленую окраску.
Применение электрохромизма на примере ячейки с рабочим веществом WO3.
Если приложить минус поля к электроду подложки, ячейка приобретет
внутреннюю окраску с интенсивностью, пропорциональной прошедшему заряду.
При пропускании тока в обратном направлении окраска пропадает. Механизм
изменения окраски следующий. Под действием электрического поля
разлагается материал катода.
Электроны инжектируются полем в слой WO3, примыкающий к электролиту, и
восстанавливают ионы Н+, образующие на этом слое соединение HxWO3. На
рис. 7 показана электрохромная ячейка на основе биологического вещества.
Изменение цвета происходит из-за резонанса радикалов органических
соединений (неспаренных электронов), возникающих в результате обратимых
электрохимических реакций.
Явление фотохромизма используют для изготовления солнечных очков,
меняющих густоту окраски в зависимости от силы солнечного света, при
лазерной записи в оптическую память, в указателях на фотохромных пленках
и в цветных дисплеях.
5. Фотопроводимость
Увеличение электропроводности полупроводника или изолятора под действием
света называют фотопроводимостью или внутренним фотоэффектом. Причина
увеличения электропроводности – возбуждение светом носителей в
валентной зоне и зоне проводимости. По механизму возбуждения носителей
различают собственную фотопроводимость и несобственную фотопроводимость.
6. Классификация процессов люминесценции и их протекание
1 Люминесценцией называется излучение света телами, избыточное над
тепловым при той же температуре и имеющее длительность, значительно
превышающую периоды излучений в оптическом диапазоне спектра. Это
излучение может быть вызвано бомбардировкой вещества электронами и
другими заряженными частицами, пропусканием через вещество
электрического тока (не-тепловое действие), освещением вещества видимым
светом, рентгеновскими и гамма лучами, а также некоторыми химическими
реакциями в веществе.
2 В отличие от равновесного теплового излучения, люминесцентное
излучение не имеет равновесного характера. Оно вызывается сравнительно
небольшим числом атомов, молекул или ионов. Под действием источника
люминесценции они переходят в возбужденное состояние, и их последующее
возвращение в нормальное или менее возбужденное состояние сопровождается
испусканием люминесцентного излучения. Длительность свечения обусловлена
длительностью возбужденного состояния, которое, помимо свойств
люминесцирующего вещества, зависит от окружающей среды. Если
возбужденное состояние метастабильно, то время пребывания в нем частицы
может достигать 10″4 сек, что соответственно увеличивает и длительность
люминесценции.
3 Люминесценция, сразу прекращающаяся после окончания действия
возбудителя свечения, называется флуоресценцией. Люминесценция,
сохраняющаяся длительное время после прекращения действия возбудителя
свечения, называется фосфоресценцией.
Флуоресценция обусловлена переходами атомов, молекул или ионов из
возбужденного состояния в нормальное. Фосфоресценция обусловлена
наличием метастабильных возбужденных состояний атомов и молекул, переход
из которых в нормальное состояние затруднен по тем или иным причинам.
Переход из метастабильного состояния в нормальное возможен лишь в
результате дополнительного возбуждения, например теплового.
Разграничение на флуоресценцию и фосфоресценцию является достаточно
условным. Люминесценция под действием света называется
фотолюминесценцией, под действием бомбардировки электронами –
катодолюминесценцией, под действием электрического поля –
электролюминесценцией, под действием химических превращений –
хемилюминесценцией. Люминесцирующие вещества называются люминофорами.
4 В зависимости от характера элементарных процессов, приводящих к
люминесцентному излучению, различают спонтанные, вынужденные и
рекомбинационные процессы люминесценции, а также резонансную
флуоресценцию. Резонансная флуоресценция наблюдается в парах атомов и
состоит в спонтанном высвечивании с того же энергетического уровня, на
котором оказался излучающий атом при поглощении энергии от источника
люминесценции. При возбуждении резонансной флуоресценции светом имеет
место резонансное излучение, переходящее в резонансное рассеяние при
увеличении плотности паров. Спонтанная люминесценция состоит в том, что
под действием источника люминесценции вначале происходит возбуждение
атомов (молекул или ионов) на промежуточные возбужденные энергетические
уровни. Далее с этих уровней происходят излучательные, а чаще
безизлучательные переходы на уровни, с которых излучается люминесцентное
свечение. Такой вид люминесценции наблюдается у сложных молекул в парах
и растворах, у примесных центров в твердых телах. Наблюдается также при
переходах из экситонных состояний.
Вынужденная (метастабилъная) люминесценция характерна тем, что под
действием источника люминесценции происходит переход на метастабильный
уровень, а затем следует переход на уровень люминесцентного излучения.
Примером является фосфоресценция органических веществ. Рекомбинационная
люминесценция представляет собой рекомбинационное излучение, которое
возникает при воссоединении тех частиц, которые были разделены при
поглощении энергии от источника люминесценции (в газах – радикалы или
ионы, в кристаллах – электроны и дырки).
Рекомбинационная люминесценция может происходить на дефектных или
примесных центрах (центры люминесценции), когда дырки захватываются на
основной уровень центра, а электроны – на его возбужденный уровень.
5 При электронном возбуждении люминесценции энергия бомбардирующих
электронов передается электронам атомов (или молекул, ионов) и переводит
их в возбужденное состояние. Передача энергии возможна лишь при условии,
что кинетическая энергия бомбардирующего электрона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где Ея и Еъ – полная энергия
атома (молекулы, иона) соответственно в нормальном и ближайшем к нему
возбужденном состояниях. Атом (молекула, ион) возвращается из
возбужденного состояния в нормальное, испустив квант света (фотон)
частоты v: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При достаточных энергиях возбуждения возвращение атома (молекулы, иона)
из возбужденного в нормальное состояние может происходить в несколько
этапов через всё менее возбужденные состояния. Этому соответствует
испускание нескольких фотонов различных частот, причем суммарная их
энергия равна энергии начального возбуждения.
6 Фотолюминесценция возбуждается светом видимой или ультрафиолетовой
области спектра. Для сложных люминесцирующих веществ (сложные молекулы,
конденсированные среды) спектральный состав фотолюминесценции не зависит
от длины волны света, вызывающего люминесценцию, и подчиняется правилу
Стокса.
Наблюдаются линейчатые, полосатые и сплошные спектры фотолюминесценции.
Ее характер существенно зависит от агрегатного состояния вещества. У
ряда кристаллофосфоров с увеличением частоты возбуждающего света
квантовый выход растет при условии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, где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 – ширина запрещенной зоны (размножение фотонов
при фотолюминесценции).
7 Электролюминесценция в газах вызывается электрическим разрядом, в
котором энергия возбуждения сообщается молекулам газа механизмом
электронного или ионного удара. Возбужденное состояние при
электролюминесценции всегда вызывается прохождением какого-либо тока и,
таким образом, связано с наличием электрического поля.
Электролюминесценция в твердых телах наблюдается, в частности, на p-n
переходе в полупроводниках.
8° Хемилюминесценция сопровождает некоторые экзотермические химические
реакции. Химические превращения в веществе сопровождаются перестройкой
внешних электронных оболочек атомов. Излучение света приводит к
образованию химического соединения с более устойчивой в данном окружении
и при данных условиях электронной конфигурацией. Хемилюминесценция часто
сопровождает процессы окисления с образованием более устойчивых
продуктов сгорания.
Свечение при хемилюминесценции вызывается молекулами (атомами, ионами)
продуктов реакции в возбужденных электронных, колебательных и
вращательных состояниях. Примерами хемилюминесценции являются свечение
высокотемпературных и низкотемпературных пламен, свечение при
рекомбинации перекисных радикалов в цепном окислении жидких
углеводородов.
7. Закономерности люминесценции
1 ° Правило Стокса: длина волны фотолюминесценции, как правило, больше,
чем длина волны возбуждающего света. В более общей формулировке:
максимум спектра люминесценции смещен в длинноволновую сторону от
максимума спектра поглощения. С квантовой точки зрения правило Стокса
означает, что энергия Ну кванта возбуждающего света частично расходуется
на неоптические процессы: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 т.е.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 или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где W – энергия, затраченная на различные процессы, кроме
фотолюминесценции.
2° В некоторых случаях фотолюминесцентное излучение имеет в своем
спектре длины волн, меньшие длины волны возбуждающего света
(антистоксово излучение). Это явление объясняется тем, что к энергии
возбуждающего фотона добавляется энергия теплового движения атомов,
молекул или ионов люминофора: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где а – коэффициент, зависящий от природы люминофора, к – постоянная
Больцмана, Т – абсолютная температура люминофора. Антистоксово излучение
проявляется все отчетливее по мере повышения температуры люминофора.
3° Отношение энергии люминесценции к энергии, поглощенной в стационарных
условиях люминофором от источника, возбуждающего люминесценцию,
называется энергетическим выходом люминесценции.
Квантовым выходом фотолюминесценции называется отношение числа фотонов
люминесцентного излучения к числу поглощенных фотонов возбуждающего
света при фиксированной энергии последнего. Энергетический выход
фотолюминесценции возрастает прямо пропорционально длине волны л
поглощаемого излучения, а затем, достигая в некотором интервале при л ~
лмакс максимального значения, быстро спадает до нуля при дальнейшем
увеличении л (закон Вавилова). С увеличением длины волны возбуждающего
света растет число фотонов с энергией hv, содержащихся в данной энергии
первичного излучения. Поскольку каждый фотон может вызывать появление
кванта hvлюм, то с увеличением длины волны происходит возрастание
энергетического выхода фотолюминесценции. Резкое уменьшение
энергетического выхода при л > лмакс объясняется тем, что энергия
поглощаемых фотонов становится недостаточной для возбуждения частиц
люминофора.
Согласно закону Вавилова квантовый выход фотолюминесценции не зависит от
длины волны возбуждающего света в стоксовой области (vвозб > vлюм) и
Резко падает в области антистоксова излучения (vвозб
Нашли опечатку? Выделите и нажмите CTRL+Enter
