Aeieeaae ia oaio:
Aicaeaenoaea aea?aoeee ia i?aaieci /aeiaaea.
Auiieieea: nooaeaioea 1 eo?na a?oiiu INO-101
?yaiaa Iaoaeuey
Eieaaaiey – iiiaie?aoiia iiaoi?aiea iaeeiaeiauo eee ii/oe iaeeiaeiauo
i?ioeannia, – niioonoaotho iiiaei i?e?iaeiui yaeaieyi e yaeaieyi,
aucaaiiui /aeiaa/aneie aeayoaeueiinoueth, – io i?inoaeoeo eieaaaiee
iayoieea aei yeaeo?iiaaieoiuo eieaaaiee ?ani?ino?aiythuaeny naaoiaie
aieiu.
Iaoaie/aneea eieaaaiey – ia?eiaee/anee iiaoi?ythueany aeaeaeaiey,
a?auaoaeueiua eee aica?aoii-iinooiaoaeueiua.
Aea?aoeey – yoi iaeua iaoaie/aneea eieaaaiey, aicieeathuea a oi?oaeo
oaeao iiae aicaeaenoaeai ia?aiaiiuo nee.
Oae, yeaeo?iaeaeaaoaeue ia?aaeaao ia ooiaeaiaio aea?aoeeth, aucuaaaioth
iao?aaiiaaoaiiui ?ioi?ii. Eaeaaeueii o?aaiiaaneoue yeaiaiou iaoaieciia
i?aeoe/anee iaaiciiaeii, iiyoiio a iaoaieciao n a?auathueieny /anoyie
ii/oe anaaaea aicieeaao aea?aoeey. ?aciiainiay aea?aoeey aaaiia
aicieeaao a ?acoeueoaoa aeecinoe /anoiou neeu aicaeaenoaey ia noueao
?aeuenia e nianoaaiiie /anoioa aaaiia. Aea?aoeey ii caiea
?ani?ino?aiyaony a aeaea oi?oaeo aiei e aucuaaao eieaaaiey caeaiee e
nii?oaeaiee.
Aea?aoeey iaoei iiaeao i?eaiaeeoue e ia?ooaieth ooieoeeiie?iaaiey
oaoieee e aucuaaoue na?ueaciua aaa?ee. Onoaiiaeaii, /oi aea?aoeey
yaeyaony i?e/eiie 80% aaa?ee a iaoeiao. A /anoiinoe, iia i?eaiaeeo e
iaeiieaieth onoaeinoiuo yooaeoia a iaoaeeao, iiyaeaieth o?auei.
I?e aicaeaenoaee aea?aoeee ia /aeiaaea iaeaieaa nouanoaaiii oi, /oi oaei
/aeiaaea iiaeii i?aaenoaaeoue a aeaea neiaeiie aeeiaie/aneie nenoaiu.
Iiiai/eneaiiua enneaaeiaaiey iieacaee, /oi yoa aeeiaie/aneay nenoaia
iaiyaony a caaeneiinoe io iicu /aeiaaea, aai ninoiyiey – ?anneaaeaiiia
eee iai?yaeaiiia – e ae?oaeo oaeoi?ia. Aeey oaeie nenoaiu nouanoaotho
iianiua, ?aciiainiua /anoiou. E anee aiaoiea neeu aicaeaenoaotho ia
/aeiaaea n /anoioaie, aeeceeie eee ?aaiuie ?aciiainiui, oi ?acei
aic?anoaao aiieeooaea eieaaaiee eae anaai oaea, oae e ioaeaeueiuo aai
i?aaiia.
?aciiainiua /anoiou.
Aeey /aeiaaea ?aciiain ianooiaao:
– A iieiaeaiee neaey i?e /anoioa 4 – 6 Aoe
– Aeey aieiau – 20 – 30 Aoe
– Aeey aeaciuo yaeie – 60 – 90 Aoe
I?e yoeo /anoioao eioaineaiay aea?aoeey iiaeao i?eaanoe e o?aaiaoecaoeee
iicaiii/ieea e einoiie oeaie, ?anno?ienoao c?aiey, o aeaiuei – aucaaoue
i?aaeaeaa?aiaiiua ?iaeu.
Eieaaaiey aucuaatho a oeaiyo i?aaiia ia?aiaiiua iaoaie/aneea
iai?yaeaiey. Eioi?iaoeey i aeaenoaothuae aea?aoeee aini?eieiaaony
aanoeaoey?iui aiia?aoii.
Aanoeaoey?iue aiia?ao ?aniieaaaaony a aeni/iie /anoe /a?aia e ninoieo ec
i?aaeaeaa?ey e iieoe?oaeiuo eaiaeia, ?aniieiaeaiiuo ai acaeiii
ia?iaiaeeeoey?iuo ieineinoyo. Aanoeaoey?iue aiia?ao iaania/eaaao aiaeec
iieiaeaiee e ia?aiauaiee aieiau a i?ino?ainoaa, aeoeaecaoeeth oiiona
iuooe e iiaeaea?aeaiea ?aaiiaaney oaea.
I?e oe?ieii niaeo?a aicaeaenoaothueo ia /aeiaaea aea?aoeee aanoeaoey?iue
aiia?ao iiaeao ia?aaeaaaoue eiaeioth eioi?iaoeeth. Yoi naycaii n
iniaaiiinoyie aeae?iaeeiaie/aneiai ono?ienoaa aanoeaoey?iiai aiia?aoa,
ia i?eniiniaeaoaainy a oiaea yaiethoeee e ooieoeeiie?iaaieth a oneiaeyo
auniei/anoioiuo eieaaaiee. Oaeay eiaeiay eioi?iaoeey aucuaaao ninoiyiea
oea/eaaiey, aeaci?aaiecoao ?aaioo iiiaeo nenoai i?aaiecia.
Aicaeaenoaea aea?aoeee ia i?aaieci /aeiaaea ii?aaeaeyaony o?iaiai
aea?inei?inoe e aea?ionei?aiey, aeeaiaciiii aeaenoaothueo /anoio,
eiaeeaeaeoaeueiuie iniaaiiinoyie /aeiaaea. Ca ioeaaie o?iaaiue
aea?inei?inoe i?eiyoa aaee/eia 5 * 10-8 i/n, aea?ionei?aiey – 3 * 10-4
i/n?, ?ann/eoaiiua ii ii?iao /oanoaeoaeueiinoe i?aaiecia /aeiaaea.
Ii niiniao ia?aaea/e ia /aeiaaea aea?aoeey iiae?acaeaeyaony ia:
1. Iauay – ia?aaeaaony /a?ac iii?iua iiaa?oiinoe ia oaei /aeiaaea a
iieiaeaiee neaey eee noiy.
2. Eieaeueiay – ia?aaeaaony /a?ac ?oee.
Aeeeoaeueiia aicaeaenoaea ia /aeiaaea aea?aoeee aaaeao e aea?aoeeiiiie
aieacie. Yoi caaieaaaiea yaeyaony i?ioanneiiaeueiui. Aea?aoeeiiiay
iaoieiaey caieiaao 2-a ianoi iinea iueaauo, n?aaee i?ioanneiiaeueiuo
caaieaaaiee. Aeaeaie/aneia ii?ie?iaaiea aea?aoeee ?aaeaiaioe?otho
aeieoiaiou AINO 12.1.012 – 90 «NNAO. Aea?aoeeiiiay aaciianiinoue», NI –
2.2. 4/2.1.8. 556 – 96 «I?iecaiaenoaaiiua aea?aoeee»
I?e ioeaiea aicaeaenoaey aea?aoeee ii?ie?oaony aea?inei?inoue e
aea?ionei?aiea
V6 = V480Oe 480/O,
V480 – aeiionoeiia cia/aiea aea?inei?inoe i?e aeeeoaeueiinoe aic-
aeaenoaey 480 ii, i/n
A caaeneiinoe io noaiaie aicaeaenoaey ia i?aaieci /aeiaaea auaeaeytho 4
noaaeee ?acaeoey aea?aoeeiiiie aieacie:
1. Ia ia?aie noaaeee neiioiiu iacia/eoaeueiua: aieue a ?oeao, niaciu
eaieeey?ia, aiee a iuooeao iea/aaiai iiyna.
2. Ia aoi?ie noaaeee oneeeaathony aiee a ?oeao, i?ienoiaeeo ?anno?ienoai
/oanoaeoaeueiinoe, iiieaeaaony oaiia?aoo?a, neiaao eiaea eenoae ?oe.
I?e oneiaee eneeth/aiey aeeyiey aea?aoeee ia /aeiaaea ia ia?aie e aoi?ie
noaaeee ea/aiea yooaeoeaii e eciaiaiey ia?aoeiu.
O?aouey /aoaa?oay noaaeee oa?aeoa?ecothony eioaineaiuie aieyie a ?oeao,
?aceei nieaeaieai oaiia?aoo?u eenoae ?oe. I?ienoiaeyo eciaiaiey a
ia?aiie e yiaeie?eiiie nenoaiao, a oaeaea ninoaeenoua eciaiaiey. Ia yoeo
noaaeeyo ia?ooaiey i?eia?aoatho aaia?aeeciaaiiue oa?aeoa?.
Aieueiua no?aaeatho aieiaie?oaeaieai, aieiaiuie e caa?oaeiuie aieyie.
Eciaiaiey eiatho noieeee oa?aeoa?, iaia?aoeiu.
Aea?icaueoa /aeiaaea i?aaenoaaeyao niaie neiaeioth i?iaeaio aeiiaoaieee.
I?e ?ac?aaioea iaoiaeia aea?icaueou iaiaoiaeeii o/eouaaoue
yiioeeiiaeueiia ninoiyiea /aeiaaea, iai?yaeaiiinoue ?aaiou e noaiaiue
aai ooiieaiey.
Iniiaiua ia?u caueou:
Aea?iecieyoeey enoi/ieea
Aea?iecieyoeey – caueoa nii?oaeaiee e iaoei io ?ani?ino?aiaiey
iaoaie/aneeo eieaaaiee (aea?aoeee), aicieeathueo aneaaenoaea ?aaiou
iaoaieciia, aeaeaeaiey o?ainii?oa e o. ae. Aeey inouanoaeaiey
aea?iecieyoeee i?eiaiythony aii?oecaoi?u ec oi?oaeo iaoa?eaeia.
Iai?eia?, aaoiiiaeeueiua e aaaiiiua ?anni?u.
Aea?iaeoeaiua aa?aaaou onoaiaaeeaathony ia aea?iecieyoi?ao – i?oaeeiao,
oi?oaeo i?ieeaaeeao, iiaaiaoe/aneeo eee aeae?aaee/aneeo ono?ienoaao,
caueuathueo ooiaeaiaio io aicaeaenoaey aea?aoeee.
Naieoa?iua ii?iu ?aaeaiaioe?otho i?aaeaeueii aeiionoeiua o?iaie
aea?aoeee e ea/aaii-i?ioeeaeoe/aneea ia?ii?eyoey.
Iaeiaei, neaaeoao ioiaoeoue, /oi aea?aoeey a ii?aaeaeaiiuo eiee/anoaao
ieacuaaao iieiaeeoaeueiia aeeyiea ia i?aaieci /aeiaaea. Aea?aoeey
niiniaia oaaee/eaaoue aeoeaiinoue aeeciaiiuo i?ioeannia a i?aaiecia.
Eeoa?aoo?a:
1. Yioeeeeiiaaee/aneee neiaa?ue
2. ?ano?nu naoe Eioa?iao
3. Aaciianiinoue aeeciaaeayoaeueiinoe: Oaenou eaeoeee / Nino.: A.E.
Iaaeia. – I.: IEYII, 2003. – 20 n.
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