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IAEAAEAIEA

AAAAeAIEA.

1.Iauee ii?yaeie en/eneaiey e oieaou IAeN.

1.1. Iaeiaiieaoaeueueee IAeN.

1.2. Iauaeo iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey.

1.3. Ii?yaeie e n?iee oieaou IAeN a athaeaeao.

2. I?iaeaiu en/eneaiey e oieaou IAeN.

2.1. I?iaeaiu aiciauaiey IAeN i?e yenii?oa.

2.2. I?iaeaia i?eciaiey aaainiauo e eiuo ieaoaaeae iauaeoii
iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey.

CAEETH*AIEA

NIENIE EEOA?AOO?U…………………….

AAAAeAIEA

Iaoa einaaiiia iaeiaiiaeiaeaiea iaoiaeeony a noaaeee noaiiaeaiey, oae
eae ?aiaa iia, eae oaeiaay ionoonoaiaaea. ?aiueoa nenoaia einaaiiiai
iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey auea iai?aaeaia ia iiiieiaiea athaeaeaoa e ia?aea/ee
n?aaenoa ec oiiaea iio?aaeaiey a oiiae i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai iaeiieaiey
iin?aaenoaii aaaaeaiiiai a 1930 a. iaeiaa n iai?ioa. Ii i?aaenoaaeye
niaie eiiieaeniue iaeia, iauaaeeiythuee e caiaiythuee niaie oeaeue ?yae
einaaiiuo e i?yiuo iaeiaia, i?eiya oi?io iaaeaaaee n iioiaie oeaiu e
aceiaaiie n ianaeaiey i?e i?iaeaaea oiaa?ia e oneoa a naoe ?icie/iie
oi?aiaee. E yoi noaei iiuiui e aanueia yooaeoeaiui eino?oiaioii, e iia
nouanoaiaaoue oieueei a ?aieao yoie nenoaiu.

N ia?aoiaeii iaoae no?aiu ia iooue ?uii/iuo ioiioaiee aicieeea
iio?aaiinoue a iiaie nenoaia einaaiiiai iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey. E yoa
iio?aaiinoue ?aaeeciaaeanue a i?eiyoee iiauo iaeiaia, a ianoiyuaa a?aiy
e iei ioiinyony: iaeia ia aeiaaaeaiioth noieiinoue(IAeN), aeoeecu e
aeoeeciua nai?u, oa?eoii-oaiiaeaiiua nai?u, eiii?oii-yenii?oiua iioeeiu
e nai?u. Iaeaieaa nouanoaaiioth ?ieue eae a ninoaaa aeaiiuo iaeiaia e
nai?ia, oae ea ninoaaa aeioiaeiuo enoi/ieeia athaeaeaoia anao o?iaiae
ea?aao IAeN. Iaeiaeaieai aeaiiui iaeiaii ioaaouaaao eae oiaa?iiaiai ia
aioo?aiiai ?uiea, oae e iai?io, neeaaeuaathueeny i?e inouanoaeaiee
aiaoiaoi?aiaie aeayoaeueiinoe ?innee ni no?aiaie aeeaeiaai e aeaeueiaai
ca?oaaaeuey.

*anoi IAeN iacuaatho “aa?iiaeneei” iaeiaii, ioaeaaay aeieaeiia aai
?iee a noaiiaeaiee e ?acaeoee aa?iiaeneiai eioaa?aoeeiiiiai i?ioeanna.

Eaeay oi?ie?iaaiey aeioiaeiie /anoe athaeaeaoa ca n/?o iaeiaa ia
aeiaaaeaiioth noieiinoue aicieeea au? a ia/aea OO aaea. Ia?aia
i?aaeeiaeaiea i aaaaeaiee a Aa?iaiee iaeiaa iiae iacaaieai “Veredelte
Umsatzsteuer” (iaeaai?iaeaiiue iaeia n iai?ioa) ai?n a 1919a.
Aeeueaaeuei oii Neiain.

Ia/aei i?aeoe/aneiio aiaae?aieth IAeN iieiaeeei iienaiea o?aioeocneei
oeiainenoii I. Ei?a noaia aeaenoaey iaeiaa. Ai O?aioeee ii aue
oaeoe/anee aaaaeai n 1968 a.

A ?inneeneoth i?aeoeeo oicyenoaiaaiey IAeN aue aaaae?i Caeiiii ?NON?
io 6 aeaeaa?y 1991 a. ? 1992-1 eae ninoaaiay /anoue oeaiu n oeaeueth
o?aaoee?iaaiey ni?ina e i?aaeeiaeaiey ia oiaa?iii ?uiea.

Ioeaiea ?iee e ianoa IAeN iaiaeiicia/ia: i?aeoeee iieaaaee, /oi iaeia
eae iaeuecy eo/oa iaania/eaaao athaeaeaoiua iio?aaiinoe, a aiaeeoeee
e?eoeeiaaee yoio iaeia ca eceeoithth oeneaeueiinoue, iaio?aaioaiiay
iaeiaiaay aaca e /?acia?ii aunieea noaaee. IAeN, n/eoaee iie, ia
aaeaioe?iaai e ioa/anoaaiiie yeiiiieea ia yoaia ia?aoiaea e ?uieo, /oi
iauyniyao nouanoaiaaiea iaaeinoaoeia a oi?ie?iaaiee iaeiaiiaeaaaaiie
aacu e a oaoieea en/eneaiey IAeN.

O?aeoiaea aacu iaeiaeaiey IAeN niaea?aeaueeny a Caeiia ?NON? ? 1992-1
niaa?oaiii ia niaiaaeaao n iaoiaee/aneeie iieiaeaieyie ioiineoaeueii
yoie aacu, eioi?uie ?oeiaiaenoaoaony i?aeoeea.

Aeooaeueiinoue ?aoaiey i?iaeaiu en/eneaiey e oieaou IAeN aicieeea
n?aco aea iinea aaaaeaiey aeaiiiai iaeiaa a ?innee. Ionoonoaea iao/ii
iainiiaaiiuo ?an/aoia yeaiaioia iaeiaiiaeaaaaiie aacu, yeiiiie/aneeo
aiciiaeiinoae iaeiaiieaoaeueueeia, iio?aaiinoae athaeaeaoa, niioiioaiee
iaaeaeo ?acee/iuie aeaeaie iaeiaia e iauae noiiie athaeaeaoiuo
iio?aaiinoae. Iiyaeaoeany cia/eoaeueii iicaea oe?ieiianooaaiua iao/iua
enneaaeiaaiey i?aeoeee iaeiaeaiey yoei iaeiaii iai?ioia ii ?aaeecaoeee
oiaa?ia( ?aaio, oneoa) iiaeoaa?aeeee ia ?uii/iue oa?aeoa? ioa/anoaaiiie
iiaeaee IAeN e iaiaoiaeeiinoue a? eciaiaiey.

Anooieaoay a neeo n 1 yiaa?y 2001a. aeaaa 21 “Iaeia ia aeiaaaeaiioth
noieiinoue” /anoe aoi?ie Iaeiaiaiai eiaeaena ?O, aeaaea n o/?oii
aian?iiuo eciaiaiee e aeiiieiaiee Oaaea?aeueiui caeiiii io
29.12.2000a.?166-OC, ia ono?aieea ii ?yaeo nouanoaaiiuo aii?inia
ooieoeeiie?iaaiey iaeiaa ia aeiaaaeaiioth noieiinoue iaoi/iinoae,
ia?ao?iiuo i?iaeai, ia iicaieythuea iaeiicia/ii e oaa?aei
?oeiaiaenoaiaaoueny iaeiaiaui caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii.

A yoii niunea iaeuecy ?acoiaaony, aiai?eoue i Iaeiaiaii eiaeaena ?O
eae i caeiiiaeaoaeueiii aeoa i?yiiai aeaenoaey, aeathuei ioaaou ia ana
aii?inu, aicieeathuea a i?aeoeea ii?aaeaeaiey iaeiaiiaeaaaaiie aacu,
en/eneaiey e oieaou IAeN a athaeaeao. Ii oaeaea i?in/aou caeiiiaeaoaeae,
no?aieaiea iaeiaiauo i?aaiia i?ieiaae?iaaoue naie eioa?anu e
iacia/eoaeueiue n?ie i?aeoeee i?eiaiaiey aeaiiiai iaeiaa aucaaee
ioaeaeueiua nii?iua iiiaiou.

Io ?aoaiey yoeo nii?ia cia/eoaeueii caaeneo ni?aaaaeeeainoue e
yeiiiie/aneay iainiiaaiiinoue aeaiiiai iaeiaa.

Oeaeue iiae ?aaiou aoaeao iiiuoea ?ane?uoue nouiinoue i?iaeaiu
en/eneaiey e oieaou IAeN io yeaiaioa e yeaiaioo iaeiaa. Noa?aynue auoue
iineaaeiaaoaeueiui oioaeinue au iieacaoue cia/aiea acaeiinayce yeaiaioia
iaaeaeo niaie aeey en/eneaiey iaeiaa.

Caaea/a iiae ?aaiou noaiao iiiuoea, iaeaey e ?ane?ua i?ioeai?a/ey
iaaeaeo Iaeiaiaui eiaeaenii ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee e Iaoiaee/aneeie
?aeiiaiaeaoeeyie ii i?eiaiaieth ae.21 IE ?O, iaaeaeo iaeiaiauie i?aaiaie
e iaeiaiieaoaeueueeaie, iniiauaaynue ia i?aaeeiaeaieyo e auaiaeao eae
oai?aoeeia, oae e i?aeoeeia i?eiaiaiey aeaiiiai iaeiaa, aeaoue
aiciiaeiua iooe auoiaea ec aeaiiie neooaoeee.

A ae.1, eioi?oth y iacaae “Iauee ii?yaeie en/eneaiey e oieaou IAeN”, a
iae ?ane?uaay niaea?aeaiea naieo yeaiaioia iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey iaiaoiaeeiuo
aeey en/eneaiey IAeN, iiaenioaeii aoaeoo ?anniio?aiu iaaei/aou i?e
?ac?aaioea caeiiiaeaoaeyie yoiai iaeiaa e a i?aeoe/aneeo ?aeiiaiaeaoeeyo
ii i?eiaiaieth iaeiaa ia aeiaaaeaiioth noieiinoue.

A ae.2, eioi?ay iacaaia iiith “I?iaeaiu en/eneaiey e oieaou IAeN”, a iae
aoaeao iiiuoea ?anniio?aoue naiua iaaieaaoea i?ioeai?a/ey a i?aeoeea
i?eiaiaiey iaeiaa ia aeiaaaeaiioth noieiinoue e aeaoue i?eaieaiua
?aoaiey yoeo i?ioeai?a/ee. E iei ioiinyony i?iaeaiu aiciauaiey
yenii?oa?ai iaeiaa ia aeiaaaeaiioth noieiinoue ec athaeaeaoa, i?eciaiea
aaainiauo ieaoaaeae iauaeoii iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey iaeiaii ia aeiaaaeaiioth
noieiinoue, a oaeaea iniaaiiinoe iaeiaeaiey iaeiaii ia aeiaaaeaiioth
noieiinoue no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo ?aaio, aeey nianoaaiiiai iio?aaeaiey.

I?e ?aaioa iaae aeaiiie oaiie iiith aoaeoo eniieueciaaiu ii?iaoeaii
i?aaiaua aeou: Eiinoeoooeey ?O, Iaeiaiaue eiaeaen ?O /anoue ia?aay e
aoi?ay, A?aaeaeaineee eiaeaen ?O, Oaaea?aeueiua caeiiu ?O, Iaoiaee/aneea
?aeiiaiaeaoeee ii i?eiaiaieth aeaau 21 “Iaeia ia aeiaaaeaiioth
noieiinoue”, Eino?oeoeee, Ienueia IIN e AOE, Iinoaiiaeaiey e ?aoaiey
A?aeo?aaeiuo noaeia, a oaeaea iao/iua noaouee a ia?eiaee/aneeo
ecaeaieyo.

1. IAUEE II?ssAeIE EN*ENEAIEss E OIEAOU IAeN

1.1. Iaeiaiieaoaeueueee IAeN.

A aeaiiii ia?aa?aoa ia?a/eneythony noauaeou, yaeythueany ieaoaeueueeaie
iaeiaa ia aeiaaaeaiioth noieiinoue (IAeN). Yoio ia?a/aiue
en/a?iuaathuee. A iaai aoiaeyo i?aaiecaoeee, eiaeeaeaeoaeueiua
i?aaei?eieiaoaee e eeoea, i?eciaaaaiua ieaoaeueueeaie IAeN a nayce n
ia?aiauaieai oiaa?ia /a?ac oaiiaeaiioth a?aieoeo ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee
niaeanii Oaiiaeaiiiio eiaeaeno ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee (OE ?O).

I?aaiecaoeee – th?eaee/aneea eeoea, ia?aciaaiiua a niioaaonoaee n
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee, a oaeaea eiino?aiiua
th?eaee/aneea eeoea, eiiiaiee e ae?oaea ei?ii?aoeaiua ia?aciaaiey,
iaeaaeathuea a?aaeaeaineie i?aainiiniaiinoueth, nicaeaiiua a
niioaaonoaee n caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii eiino?aiiuo ainoaea?noa,
iaaeaeoia?iaeiua i?aaiecaoeee, eo oeeeaeu e i?aaenoaaeoaeuenoaa,
nicaeaiiua ia oa??eoi?ee ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee (no.11 /anoe ia?aie IE
?O).

Eiaeeaeaeoaeueiuie i?aaei?eieiaoaeyie yaeythony oece/aneea eeoea,
ca?aaeno?e?iaaiiua a onoaiiaeaiiii ii?yaeea e inouanoaeythuea
i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneoth aeayoaeueiinoue aac ia?aciaaiey th?eaee/aneiai
eeoea, a oaeaea /anoiua iioa?eonu, /anoiua io?aiieee, /anoiua
aeaoaeoeau. (no.11 IE ?O)

*oi eanaaony eeoe, i?eciaaaaiuo ieaoaeueueeaie IAeN a nayce n
ia?aiauaieai oiaa?ia /a?ac oaiiaeaiioth a?aieoeo ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee,
oi niaeanii i.2 no.110 OE ?O IAeN ioiineony e /eneo oaiiaeaiiuo
ieaoaaeae, a a niioaaonoaee ni no.118 OE ?O “Ieaoaeueueee oaiiaeaiiuo
ieaoaaeae” oaiiaeaiiua ieaoaaee ai?aaa oieaoeoue ethaia caeioa?aniaaiiia
eeoei, anee eiia ia i?aaeoniio?aii OE ?O. Iau/ii oaiiaeaiiua ieaoaaee
oiea/eaaao iaiin?aaenoaaiii aeaeea?aio eeai eiia eeoei a niioaaonoaee n
aeaenoaothuei oaiiaeaiiui caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii.

A noaouea 145 cae?aieaia eueaioa aeey ieaoaeueueeia IAeN a aeaea
inaiaiaeaeaiey io en/eneaiey e oieaou IAeN. Iieo/aiea i?aaa ia yoo
eueaioo caaeneo io ?acia?a au?o/ee io ?aaeecaoeee oiaa?ia (?aaio, oneoa)
a oa/aiea o?ao iineaaeiaaoaeueiuo eaeaiaea?iuo ianyoeaa,
i?aaeoanoaothueo ianyoeo, n eioi?iai iaeiaiieaoaeueuee i?aoaiaeoao ia
eueaioo: noiia au?o/ee io ?aaeecaoeee oiaa?ia (?aaio oneoa) aac o/aoa
IAeN e iaeiaa n i?iaeaae ia aeieaeia i?aauoaoue 1 iei.?oa.

N?aco iinea anooieaiey noaouee 145 aeaau 21 IE ?O ia/aeenue noaeaaiua
nii?u iaaeaeo iaeiaiieaoaeueueeaie – eiaeeaeaeoaeueiuie
i?aaei?eieiaoaeyie, aeaeathueie inaiaiaeeony io iaycaiiinoae
iaeiaiieaoaeueueea n 1 yiaa?y 2001 a. e iaeiaiauie i?aaiaie, eioi?ua
?oeiaaenoaothony i.2.8 Iaoiaee/aneeo ?aeiiaiaeaoeee ii i?eiaiaieth. A
i?i oeacaii, /oi inaiaiaeaeaiea io eniieiaiey iaycaiiinoae
iaeiaiieaoaeueueea, naycaiiuo n en/eneaieai e oieaoie IAeN,
i?aaeinoaaeyaony oieueei n 01 ai?aey 2001a. ia iniiaaiee aeaiiuo aai
aeayoaeueiinoe ca yiaa?ue-ia?o 2001a. Oaeei ia?acii iaeiaiieaoaeueuee a
ethaii neo/aa aeieaeai oieaoeoue IAeN ca yiaa?ue-ia?o 2001a.. Iaeiaiaua
i?aaiu no?iai i?eaea?aeeaathony i?eaaaeaiiuo ?aeiiaiaeaoeee IIN ?O.

Noaeaaii-a?aeo?aaeiay i?aeoeea enneonoaaii ?acaeaeyao ii?yaeie
inaiaiaeaeaiey io oieaou IAeN aeey iaeiaiieaoaeueueeia-th?eaee/aneeo
eeoe e iaeiieaoaeueueeia-eiaeeaeaeoaeueiuo i?aaei?eiaiaoaeae: aeey
ia?auo inaiaiaeaeaiea aeieaeii i?aaeinoaaeyony n 01 yiaa?y 2001a., aeey
ae?oaeo n 01 ai?aey 2001a. O/ao.Iaeiae.I?aai.-2002.-?12.-N.8.

Oaaea?aeueiue a?aeo?aaeiue noae (OAN) Ainoi/ii-Neae?neiai ie?oaa
?anniio?aa ia noaeaaiii canaaeaiee eannaoeeiiioth aeaeiao III” Oeiea
i?aaei?eiaiaoaeae ” ia?aoeeanue a A?aeo?aaeiue noae (AN) E?eooneie
iaeanoe n eneii e einiaeoeee ii a.Aiaa?neo i iai?aaiia?iinoe a?
aacaeaenoaey au?aceaoaeny a iai?eiyoee ?aoaiey ii i?aaenoaaeaiiui
enooeii aeieoiaioai e cayaeaieth ia inaiaiaeaeaiee io eniieiaiey
iaycaiiinoae iaeiaiieaoaeueueea, naycaiiuo n en/eeaieai e oieaoie IAeN n
01 yiaa?y 2001a. ioo?i iaycaiey ioaao/eea auianoe ?aoaiea ia
inaiaiaeaeaiee io eniieiaiey enooeii aeaiiie iaycaiiinoe n oeacaiiie
aeaou.

?aoaieai noaea io 05 aeaeaa?y 2001a. a enea ioeacaii.

Eae neaaeoao ec iaoa?eaeia aeaea, 15 yiaa?y 2001a. III” Oeiea
i?aaei?eiaiaoaeae ia?aoeeanue a iaeiaiaoth einiaeoeeth n cayaeaieai i
i?aaeinoaaeaiee inaiaiaeaiey io eniieiaiey iaycaiiinoae ii oieaoa IAeN
ia iniiaaiee no.145 IE ?O io 01 yiaa?y 2001a., a oaeiaeaoai?aiee
eioi?iai a oaeiaeaoai?aiee ioeacaii.

I?eieiay ?aoaiea ia ioeaca a oaeiaeaoai?aiee eneiauo o?aaiaaiee, noae
iioeae?iaae aai oai, /oi ii?iu noaouee IE ?O aaaaeaiu a aeaenoaea n
01.01.2001a. e aeieaeiu i?eiaiyoueny e i?aaiioiioaieyi, aicieeathuei
iinea oeacaiiie aeaou.

OAN Ainoi/ii-Neae?neiai ie?oaa n/eoaao auaiaeu noaea i?aaeeueiuie, a
?aoaiey caeiiiuie e iainiiaaiiuie.

A niioaaonoaee n i.1 no.145 IE ?O i?aaiecaoeee e eiaeeaeaeoaeueiua
i?aaei?eieiaoaee eiatho i?aai ia inaiaiaeaeaiea io eniieiaiey
iaycaiiinoae iaeiaiieaoaeueueea, naycaiiuo n en/eneaieai e oieaoie
iaeiaa, anee ca o?e i?aaeoanoaothueo iineaaeiaaoaeueiuo eaeaiaea?iuo
ianyoea noiia au?o/ee io ?aaeecaoeee oiaa?ia( ?aaio, oneoa) yoeo
i?aaiecaoeee eee eiaeeaeaeoaeueiuo i?aaei?eieiaoaeae aac o/?oa iaeiaa ia
aeiaaaeaiioth noieiinoue e iaeiaa n i?iaeaae ia i?aauneea a niaieoiiinoe
iaeei ieeeeii ?oaeae.

Aeaiiay ii?ia aaaaeaia a aeaenoaea n 01 yiaa?y 2001a. (no.1 Caeiia ?O io
19.07.2000 ?118-OC “I aaaaeaiee a aeaenoaea /anoe aoi?ie IE ?O e
aianaiee eciaiaiee a iaeioi?ua caeiiiaeaoaeueiua aeou ?O i iaeiaao”).

A neeo i?aaiaiai i?eioeeia aeaenoaey caeiia ai a?aiaie, caeiiu e eiua
ii?iaoeaii-i?aaiaua aeou ?ani?ino?aiythony ia oa iauanoaaiiua ioiioaiey,
eioi?ua aicieeee iinea aai i?eiyoey. A nayce n yoei, iineieueeo i?aai ia
inaiaiaeaeaiey io eniieiaiey iaycaiiinoae iaeiaiieaoaeueueea aicieeea 01
yiaa?y 2001a., iaeiaiieaoaeueuee i?aoaiaeothuee ia aai eniieueciaaiea,
ia?yaeo n niaethaeaiey naieo oneiaee, iaycai i?aaenoaaeoue
aeieacaoaeuenoaa oiai, /oi noiia au?o/ee io ?aaeecaoeee oiaa?ia( ?aaio.
oneoa) ca o?e i?aaeoanoaothueo iineaaeiaaoaeueiuo eaeaiaea?iuo ianyoea,
o.a. ca yiaa?ue, oaa?aeue, ia?o 2001a., aac o/?oa IAeN e iaeiaa n
i?iaeaae, ia i?aauneea a niaieoiiinoe iaeei ieeeeii ?oaeae.

Neaaeiaaoaeueii, i?e niaethaeaiee anao o?aaoaiuo noaoue?e 145 IE ?O
oneiaee, i?aai ia inaiaiaeaeaiey io eniieiaiey iaycaiiinoae
iaeiaiieaoaeueueea iiaeao auoue i?aaeinoaaeaii n 01 ai?aey 2001a.

I?aaeinoaaeaiea aeaiiiai i?aaa 01 yiaa?y 2001a. i?ioeai?a/e ei au
aeaenoaeoaeueiiio niuneo e niaea?aeaieth ii?iu, onoaiiaeaiiie i.1 no.145
IE ?O, iineieueeo icia/aei au aeaenoaea aeiioacu aeaiiie ii?iu oneiaey i
noiia au?o/ee ca o?e i?aaeoanoaothueo iineaaeiaaoaeueiuo eaeaiaea?iuo
ianyoea) aei anooieaiey a th?eaee/aneoth neeo aeeniiceoeee i?aaiaie
ii?iu. Yoi icia/aei au i?eaeaiea ia?aoiie neeu aeiioaca i?aaiaie ii?iu.
I?eaeaiea ia?aoiie neeu caeiio aiciiaeii eeoue a eneeth/eoaeueiuo
neo/ayo a neeo i?yiiai oeacaiey caeiia. Iineieueeo ie Iaeiaiaui
eiaeaenii ?O, ie auoa oeacaiiui Oaaea?aeueiui caeiiii io 19.07.2000
?118-OC yoi ia i?aaeoniio?aii, iniiaaiee aeey i?aaeinoaaeaiey i?aaa ia
inaiaiaeaeaiea io eniieiaiey iaycaiiinoae iaeiaiieaoaeueueea n 01 yiaa?y
2001a. ia eiaaony.

Noaouea 145 IE ?O iniiaaieai aeey inaiaiaeaeaiey io oieaou IAeN yaeyaony
?acia? au?o/ee io ?aaeecaoeee oiaa?ia ( ?aaio, oneoa), i?e yoii
iiiyoea “au?o/ee io ?aaeecaoeee oiaa?ia (?aaio, oneoa)” ia naycaii n
ii?aaeaeaieai iaeiaiaie aacu eiaiii ii IAeN. Iaeiaiaay aaca IAeN i?e
?aaeecaoeee oiaa?ia ( ?aaio, oneoa) niaeanii noaouee 154 ii?aaeaeyaony
eae noieiinoue yoeo oiaa?ia ( ?aaio, oneoa). Aeaenoaiaaaoai ?aiaa
Caeiia ?O “I IAeN” aeaiiue oa?iei aiiaua ionoonoaoao. A oeiiaie
oi?ia cayaeaiey ia inaiaiaeaeaiea io oieaou IAeN, ooaa?aeae?iiay
i?eeacii IIN io 29 yiaa?y 2001a. ?AA-3-03/23, a ea/anoaa aeieoiaioia,
iiaeoaa?aeaeathueo i?aai ia inaiaiaeaeaiea, oeacaiu eieaa i?iaeaae,
eieaa aeioiaeia e ?anoiaeia, aeo?iaeia iieo/aiiuo e aunoaaeaiiuo n/aoia
oaeoo?. Ia iniiaaiee oaeeo aeieoiaioia iiaeii ii?aaeaeeoue ?acia?
au?o/ee io ?aaeecaoeee oiaa?ia( ?aaio, oneoa) eiaeeaeaeoaeueiuie
i?aaei?eieiaoaeyie aeey oeaeae inaiaiaeaeaiey aai io oieaou IAeN.

A?aeo?aaeiue noae Naa?aeeianeie iaeanoe naiei ?aoaieai io 02 ia?oa
2001a. i?eiye noi?iio enooea-eiaeeaeaeoaeueiiai i?aaei?eieiaoaey ec
a.Anaano Naa?aeeianeie iaeanoe.

Eae neaaeoao ec iaoa?eaeia aeaea eiaeeaeaeoaeueiue i?aaei?eieiaoaeue 11
yiaa?y 2001a. a iaeiaiaoth einiaeoeeth n cayaeaieai i iieo/aiee
inaiaiaeaeaiey io iaycaiiinoae iaeiaieaoaeueueea no.145 IE ?O.

Einiaeoeey IIN ?O ii ai?iaeo Anaano a inaiaiaeaeaiee io iaycaiiinoae
iaeiaiieaoaeueueea eiaeeaeaeoaeueiiio i?ai?eieiaoaeth ioeacaea,
iioeae?oy yoi oai /oi:

1. Cayaeaiea ia inaiaiaeaeaiee io iaycaiiinoae iaeiaiieaoaeueueea
iiaea?ony ii onoaiiaeaiie oi?ia, a i?aaei?eieiaoaeue iiaeae cayaeaiea a
naiaiaeiie oi?ia.

2. Eiaeeaeaeoaeueiua i?aaei?eieiaoaee aei 01 yiaa?y 2001a. ia yaeythony
ieaoaeueueeaie IAeN e o ieo iao naaaeaiee ca 2000a., iiaeoaa?aeaeathueo
i?aai ia inaiaiaeaeaiea.

A?aeo?aaeiue noae Naa?aeeianeie iaeanoe aacaeaenoaea einiaeoeee IIN ?O
ii a.Anaano Naa?aeeianeie iaeanoe iaiainiiaaiiui:

1. Ia iiiaio iiaea/e cayaeaiey eiaeeaeaeoaeueiui i?aaei?eieiaoaeai ia
inaiaiaeaeaiea io iaycaiiinoae iaeiaiieaoaeueueea( 22 yiaa?y 2001a.),
oi?ia cayaeaiey ia auea onoaiiaeaia. E ionoonoaea ooaa?aeae?iiie oi?iu
ia iiaeao neoaeeoue iniiaaieai aeey ioeaca a ?aaeecaoeee i?aaa
ieaoaeueueea ia inaiaiaeaeaiea ii noaouea 145 IE ?O. Iniiaaieai aeey
i?eiaiaiey inaiaiaeaeaiey caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai i iaeiaao e nai?ao
naycuaaao oieueei n aeayoaeueiinoueth eeoea, i?aoaiaeothuaai ia
inaiaiaeaeaiea. A ionoonoaea ?ac?aaioaiiiai ii?yaeea e ooaa?aeaeaiiuo
oi?i aeieoiaioia ia iiaeao aeeyoue ia iaee/ea eee ionoonoaea i?aa
noauaeoia iaeiaiauo ioiioaiee.

2. IAeN aaaae?i Caeiiii ?O “I IAeN”, ii?yaeie oieaou eioi?iai
?aaoee?oaony n 01.01.2001a. IE ?O. Ieaoaeueueeaie yoiai iaeiaa ii no.
143 IE ?O yaeyaony i?aaiecaoeee, eiaeeaeaeoaeueiua i?aaei?eieiaoaee e
eeoea, i?eciaaaaiuie ieaoaeueueeaie iaeiaa a nayce n ia?aiauaieai
oiaa?ia /a?ac a?aieoeo ?O.

I?e yoii i?aaiecaoeee eee eiaeeaeaeoaeueiua i?aaei?eieiaoaee eiatho
i?aai ia inaiaiaeaeaiea io iaycaiiinoae iaeiaiieaoaeueueea, naycaiiuo n
en/eneaieai e oieaoie, anee ca o?e i?aaeoanoaothueo iineaaeiaaoaeueiuo
eaeaiaea?iuo ianyoea noiia eo au?o/ee io ?aaeecaoeee oiaa?ia (?aaio,
oneoa) aac o/?oa IAeN e iaeiaa n i?iaeaae ia i?aauneea iaeei ieeeeii
?oaeae (no. 145 IE ?O). Eeoea, i?aoaiaeothuea ia inaiaiaeaeaiea,
aeieaeiu i?aaeinoaaeoue cayaeaiea eee aeieoiaiou, iiaeoaa?aeaeathuea
i?aai ia inaiaiaeaeaiea, a iaeiaiaue i?aai.

Eiaeeaeaeoaeueiue i?aaei?eieiaoaeue iieiinoueth ioaa/ae yoei
o?aaiaaieyi.

Noae i?eiye ?aoaiea a iieueco ieaoaeueueea e iaycae iaeiaiaue i?aai
i?aaeinoaaeoue ei inaiaiaeaeaiea.

Aianoa n oai, aieueoeinoai iieiaeaiee aeaau 21 IE ?O, aeeth/ay no.145
anooieee a neeo 01 yiaa?y 2001a. ( noaouey Caeiia ?O “I aaaaeaiea
aeaenoaea /anoe aoi?ie IE ?O e aianaiee eciaiaiee a iaeioi?ua aeou ?O i
iaeiaao”). Neaaeiaaoaeueii, i?aai ia inaiaiaeaeaiea io oieaou aicieeea
eiaiii 01 yiaa?y 2001a. ?aaii eae e iaycaiiinoue oieaoeoue IAeN. Ieeaeeo
ia?aie/aiee ii n?ieo anooieaiey a neeo oeacaiiuo Iaeiaiaue
aanoiee.-2001.-?1.-N.6.

iieiaeaiee ai Aaiaeiiai caeiia iao. Iieiaeaiey a i.2.8 Iaoiaee/aneeo
?aeiiaiaeaoeee IIN ?O, ooaa?aeae?iiiai I?eeacii IIN ?O io
20.12.2000a.i?ioeai?a/ao noaouea 145 IE ?O.

Eae noi?iiieee inaiaiaeaeaiey eiaeeaeaeoaeueiuo i?aaei?eieiaoaeae 01
yiaa?y 2001a., oae e i?ioeaieee enoiaeyo ec oiai, eae aini?eieiaoue
aeaoo – 01 yiaa?y 2001a. Eeai, eae n?ie iinea eioi?iai aeaenoaey caeiia
?ani?ino?aiythony ia oa iauanoaaiiua ioiioaiey aicieeathuea iinea iaai,
eeai n?ie iinea eioi?iai o iaeiaiieaoaeueueea aicieeaao i?aai ia
inaiaiaeaeaiea io oieaou IAeN.

No?aieaiea iaeiaiieaoaeueueeia iieo/eoue inaiaiaeaeaiea io iaycaiiinoae,
nayciuo n en/eneaieai e oieaoie IAeN, i?aaeiieaaaao, /oi eo
inaiaiaeaeatho io anao iaycaiiinoae, o./. e i?e iiaea/a iaeiaiauo
aeaeea?aoeee ii IAeN. A aeaiiii neo/aa iaeiaiaua i?aaiu
?oeiaiaenoaothony i.2.8 Iaoiaee/aneeo ?aeiiaiaeaoeee IIN ?O, a eioi?ii
oeacaii, /oi inaiaiaeaeaiea io eniieiaiey iaycaiiinoae
iaeiaiieaoaeueueea ii oieaoa IAeN ia inaiaiaeaeaao io iaycaiiinoae, ii
i?aaeinoaaeaieth iaeiaiauo aeaeea?aoeee ii IAeN. Caeanue neaaeoao
ia?aoeoueny no.163, 174 IE ?O. N?ie iiaea/e caaeneo io onoaiiaeaiiiai
aeey i?aaiecaoeee iaeiaiaiai ia?eiaea. Iaeiaiaue ia?eiae iiaeao auoue
ii?aaeae?i eeai eae eaa?oae, anee aaeaiany/iay a oa/aiee eaa?oaea noiia
au?o/ee io ?aaeecaoeee oiaa?ia( ?aaio, oneoa) aac o/?oa IAeN e iaeiaa n
i?iaeaae ia i?aauoaao iaeei ieeeeii ?oaeae, eeai eae ianyoe, anee
i?aauoaao. Aeaeea?aoeey i?aaeinoaaeyaony ia iicaeiaa 20-ai /enea
ianyoea, neaaeothuaai ca enoaeathuei iaeiaiaui ia?eiaeii.

Anoue iiiai i?iaeai naycaiiuo n ?aciui iiieiaiea oiai, /oi iiieiaaony
iiae aeaoie i?aaeinoaaeaiey. E io oiai eae iaeiaiieaoaeueueee e
iaeiaiaua i?aaiu iiieiatho yoo aeaoo caaeneo aoaeoo ee nii?u iaaeaeo
ieie.

Ia i?aeoeea iaeiaiaua i?aaiu o?aaotho i?aaeinoaaeyoue aeaeea?aoeee
aaeaiany/ii, iacaaeneii io i?eiaiyaiiai iaeiaiaiai ia?eiaea. Oaeia
o?aaiaaiea, yaeyaony oeaeaniia?aciui ii neaaeothuae i?e/eia:
inaiaiaeaeaiea i?aaeinoaaeyaony ia n?ie ?aaiue 12 iineaaeiaaoaeueiuo
eaeaiaea?iuo ianyoea. Anee a oa/aiee yoiai n?iea noiia au?o/ee io
?aaeecaoeee aac o/?oa IAeN e iaeiaa n i?iaeaae ca eaaeaeua o?e
iineaaeothueo eaeaiaea?iuo ianyoeai a niaieoiiinoe i?aauneo iaeei
ieeeeii ?oaeae, oi iaeiaiieaoaeueuee oo?a/eaaao i?aai ia inaiaiaeaeaiea
e oiea/eaaao iaeia ia iaueo iniiaaieyo. O?e iineaaeiaaoaeueiuo
eaeaiaea?iuo ia?eiaea iiaoo iaoiaeeoueny eae a i?aaeaeao, oae e ca
i?aaeaeaie eaa?oaea. Yeiiiieea e aeeciue.-2001.-?42.-N5.

?acuyniaiey aeaiiua a i. 2.8 Iaoiaee/aneeo ?aeiiaiaeaoeee aiai?yo i
no?aieaiee iaeiaiauo i?aaiia inouanoaeyoue oaeouee eiio?ieue ca
aeayoaeueiinoueth iaeiaiieaoaeueueeia, aeaaea anooiay a i?ioeai?a/ea n
aeaaie 21 IE ?O . Iineieueeo aeaiiia iieiaeaiea nicaea?o
aani?aoeaaeaioiua aiciiaeiinoe aeey iieiiai e eaaaeueiiai ooiaea io
iaeiaeaiey IAeN i?aeoe/anee a ethaie noa?a aeayoaeueiinoe n iiiiuueth
nicaeaiey ianeieueeeo i?aaiecaoeee e inouanoaeaiee aeayoaeueiinoe
iii/a??aeii /a?ac eaaeaeoth ec ieo, eeai nicaeaiea
i?aaiecaoeee-“iaeiiaeiaaie”. Ii iiceoeee iaeiaiauo i?aaiia ia aannii?ia.

A naiii aeaea, anee i?aaiecaoeey eee eiaeeaeaeoaeueiue i?aaei?eieiaoaeue
a onoaiiaeaiiii noaoue?e 145 IE ?O ii?yaeea inaiaiaeaeaao io
iaycaiiinoae iaeiaiieaoaeueueea, naycaiiuo n en/eneaieai e oieaoie IAeN,
oi ii aaniethoii ni?aaaaeeeai ia iieuecoaony i?aaaie eae ii au/aoo noii
aoiaeiiai IAeN, oae e ii ia/eneaieth IAeN e oieaoa.

Ionoonoaea oaeeo i?aa e iaycaiiinoae aeey eeoe ia eniieiythueo
iaycaiiinoe iaeiaiieaoaeueueeia, /?oei i?iienaiu:

a. a ioieoa 5 no. 168 IE ?O, a eioi?ii oeacaii, /oi “… ?an/aoiua
aeieoiaiou, ia?ae/iua o/?oiua aeieoiaiou ioi?ieythony e n/aoa-oaeoo?u
aunoaaeyaony aac auaeaeaiey niioaaonoaothueo noii iaeiaa. I?e yoii ia
oeacaiiuo aeieoiaioao aeaeaaony niioaaonoaothuay iaaeienue eee noaaeony
ooaii “Aac iaeiaa (IAeN)”.

a. a i.i.1 i.6 no.170 IE ?O ioia/aia, /oi noiiu iaeiaa, i?aaeuyaeaiiua
iaeiaiieaoaeueueeo i?e i?eia?aoaiee oiaa?ia( ?aaio, oneoa), eeai
oaeoe/anee oiea/aiiua ei i?e aaica oiaa?ia ia oa??eoi?eth ?O
o/eouaathony a noieiinoe niioaaonoaothueo oiaa?ia( ?aaio, oneoa) a
neo/aa i?eia?aoaiey( aaica) oiaa?ia( ?aaio, oneoa) eeoeaie,
inaiaiaeaeaiiuie io iaycaiiinoe iaeiaiieaoaeueueea a niioaaonoaee ni
no.145 IE ?O…

Aeaenoaea yoeo ii?i, n oi/ee c?aiey Ieiaaaa A.A., iieiinoueth eneeth/aao
aiciiaeiinoue i?aaenoaaeaiey eeoeaie, inaiaiaeae?iiuie io eniieiaiey
iaycaiiinoae iaeiaiieaoaeueueea niaeanii noaouee 145 Eiaeaena, iaeiaiaie
aeaeea?aoeee, ianiio?y ia oi, /oi i.2.8 Iaoiaee/aneeo ?aeiiaiaeaoeee, oi
oaeia inaiaiaeaeaiea io i?aaenoaaeaiey iaeiaiaie aeaeea?aoeee ia
i?aaeoniao?eaaaony.

Iaeuecy ia caiaoeoue, /oi oaeia o?aaiaaiea anooiaao oaeaea a
i?ioeai?a/ey ni no.80 IE ?O, oae eae “iaeiaiaay aeaeea?aoeey
i?aaenoaaeyao niaie ienueiaiiia cayaeaiea iaeiaiieaoaeueueea …i…
en/eneaiiie noiia iaeiaa e(eee) ae?oaea aeaiiua, naycaiiua n en/eneaieai
e oieaoie iaeiaa.

Iaeiaiaay aeaeea?aoeey i?aaeoniao?eaaaony eaaeaeui iaeiaiieaoaeueueeii
ii eaaeaeiio iaeiao, iiaeeaaeauaio oieaoa yoei iaeiaiieaoaeueueeii…”

Oaeei ia?acii, i?aaenoaaeaiea iaeiaiaie aeaeea?aoeee caeiiiaeaoaeueii
oaycaii oieueei n iaycaiiinoue oieaou iaeiaa a athaeaeao.

Enoiaey ec noaouee 173 e 174 IE ?O i?aaeinoaaeaiea iaeiaiauo
aeaeea?aoeee naycaii n en/eneaieai iaeiaa. Ai.4 no.145 IE ?O oeacaii,
/oi iaeiaiieaoaeueuee i?aaeinoaaeyao aeieoiaiou, iiaeoaa?aeaeathuea, /oi
a oa/aiee n?iea inaiaiaeaeaiey noiia au?o/ee ia i?aauneea ca eaaeaeua
niioaaonoaothuea o?e ianyoea iaeiiai ieeeeiia ?oaeae oieueei ii
enoa/aiee n?iea inaiaiaeaeaiey. Oaeei ia?acii, iieo/ay inaiaiaeaeaiey
niaeanii noaouee no.145 IE ?O, eeoei inaiaiaeaeaaony e io eniieiaiey
iaycaiiinoae ii i?aaenoaaeaieth iaeiaiaie aeaeea?aoeee, ca eneeth/aieai
aunoaaeaiey n/aoia- oaeoo? n auaeaeaieai noii IAeN (i.i.1 i. 5 no.173 e
i.5 no.174 IE ?O). Yoi aaeeinoaaiiue neo/ae, eioi?ue iai?ioea
iiaeoaa?aeaeaao iao auaiae.

Ii e caeanue ia iaioeinue aac ecuyia, iineieueeo iauaeiinoue e
niaoeeoe/iinoue ooieoeeiie?iaaiey IAeN ia?ooaiu ca n/ao oiai, /oi ii
oaeei iia?aoeeyi ioaeii auei au i?aaeoniio?aoue iaycaiiinoue aicianoeoue
ii au/aoo(ca/aoo) aoiaeiiai IAeN, oae eae ionoonoaea i?aaa ia au/ao IAeN
aaae?o e aeaieiiio iaeiaiiaeiaeaieth iaeiiai e oiaea iauaeoa, /oi a
i?eioeeia ia aeiioneaaony.

Aeaeaa aicieeaao ia aiieia eiae/iue aii?in: A ioaeii ee i?eiaiyoue
noaoueth 145 IE ?O? Aaaeue iaeiaiieaoaeueueee no?aiyony iieo/eoue
inaiaiaeaeaiea, e eae iu aeaeaee auoa ai?thony ca yoi i?aai.

– aaaeii caiaoeoue, /oi inaiaiaeaeaiea iaeiaiieaoaeueueea io io
eniieiaiey iaycaiiinoae, naycaiiuo n ia/eneaieai e oieaoie IAeN,
iaiin?aaenoaaiii naycaii oaeaea n oo?aoie aai i?aaa ia au/ao eee
aiciauaiea aoiaeiiai IAeN. Iao?oaeii caiaoeoue, /oi oaeay neooaoeey
a?yae ee yeiiiie/anee auaiaeia e i?eaieeia aeey oao eeoe, eioi?ua
eniuouaatho ii?aaeeaiiua o?oaeiinoe a eiieo?aioiie ai?ueaa ca ?uiee
nauoa oiaa?ia, oae eae a neo/aa eniieueciaaiey i?aaa inaiaiaeaeaiey
eniieiaiey iaycaiiinoae eiia/iay oeaia ?aaeecaoeee oiaa?a o oaeiai eeoea
( i?e nio?aiaiee neiaeeaoaainy o?iaiy i?eauee) e aoaeao auoa ii
n?aaiaieth n oeaiie ia aiaeiae/iua oiaa?u, ii eioi?ui i?iecaiaeeony
ia/eneaiea IAeN, ca n/ao “oaaee/aiey” naaanoieiinoe (cao?ao) ia noiio
aoiaeiiai iaeiaa.

Oaeei ia?acii, a yoie neooaoeee noiia aoiaeiiai IAeN ec iaeo?aeueiiai
ninoiyiey o?ainoi?ie?oaony a oeaiii ia?acothuoth, iineieueeo iieoiaoaeue
oaeeo oiaa?ia eeoaaony i?aaa ia aiciauaiea ( ca/ao, au/ao) yoiai iaeiaa.

E?iia oiai, /anoiui i?aae?eieiaoaeyi, iai?io eioi?uo iioaioeeaeueii
iiaeao a eaeie-oi iiiaio i?aauneoue onoaiiaeaiioth ieaieo oaia?ue
i?eaeaony i?inoi iiauoaoue, oeaiu ia aeiaaaeaiioth noieiinoue naieo e
oneoa, caeeth/ay a ieo “caoaeaoeeny” IAeN, iineieueeo iaae ieie anaaaea
aoaeao aenaoue oa?ica ioiaiu inaiaiaeaeaiey e aoaeoo noa?aoueny
caieaeaoue ?aaeueiua iai?iou.

– n ae?oaie noi?iiu, iaee/ea aeaiiie aiciiaeiinoe iicaieyao iaeioi?ui
i?aaei?eyoeyi no?oeoo?e?iaaoue naith aeayoaeueiinoue ia iniiaa nicaeaiey
oieaeeiaa, ninoiyuaai ec naiinoiyoaeueiuo i?aaei?eyoee, au?o/ea io
?aaeecaoeee i?iaeoeoeee eaaeaeiai ec eioi?uo ia i?aauoaao iaeiiai
ieeeeiia ?oaeae ca o?e ianyoea. A yoii neo/aa eaaeaeia i?aaei?eyoea
aoaeao inaiaiaeaeaii io eniieiaiey iaycaiiinoe ii oieaoa IAeN, a
i?ioeaiii neo/aa (iia?aoeee a ?aieao iaeiiai i?aaei?eyoey) IAeN
oiea/eaaeenue au ni anao iai?ioia ii ?aaeecaoeee i?aaei?eyoeai a oeaeii.

Iaeiaei aeaaea i?e niaethaeaiee aeaiiiai oneiaey aeaenoaea eueaiou ia
?ani?ino?aiyaony ia i?aaiecaoeee e eiaeeaeaeoaeueiuo i?aaei?eieiaoaeae,
?aaeecothueo iiaeaeoeeciua oiaa?u e iiaeaeoeeciia ieia?aeueiia nu?uea.
E?iia oiai, caeiiiaeaoaeue ia ?ac?aoaao i?eiaiyoue ?anniao?eaaaioth
eueaioo a ioiioaiee iaycaiiinoae, aicieeathueo a nayce n aaicii oiaa?ia
ia oaiiaeaiioth oa??eoi?eth ?innee.

Eueaioa i?aaeinoaaeyaony ia iniiaaiee ienueiaiiiai cayaeaiey
iaeiaiieaoaeueueea e aeieoiaioia, iiaeoaa?aeaeathueo i?aai ia
inaiaiaeaeaiea io oieaou IAeN, iiaeaaaaiuo ei a iaeiaiaue i?aai ii ianoo
naiaai o/aoa. Oi?ia cayaeaiey ooaa?aeaeaia i?eeacii IIN ?O. io
29.01.01a. ?AA-3-03/23

Inaiaiaeaeaiea io IAeN ?ani?ino?aiyaony ia aeaaiaaeoeaoue
iineaaeiaaoaeueiuo eaeaiaea?iuo ianyoeaa. Aeey iieo/aiey eueaiou a
iineaaeothuea iaeiaiaua ia?eiaeu iaiaoiaeeii i?aaenoaaeoue a iaeiaiaue
i?aai ienueiaiiia cayaeaiea e aeieoiaiou, iiaeoaa?aeaeathuea, /oi a
oa/aiea aeaaiaaeoeaoeiany/iiai n?iea inaiaiaeaeaiey noiia au?o/ee io
?aaeecaoeee oiaa?ia (?aaio, oneoa) aac o/aoa IAeN e iaeiaa n i?iaeaae ca
eaaeaeua o?e iineaaeiaaoaeueiuo eaeaiaea?iuo ianyoea a niaieoiiinoe ia
i?aauoaea iaeiiai ieeeeiia ?oaeae.

Iaeiaiaue i?aai i?iaa?yao iinooieaoea aeieoiaiou e auiineo ?aoaiea:

i i?aaiia?iinoe inaiaiaeaeaiey io eniieiaiey iaycaiiinoae
iaeiaiieaoaeueueea eeai ia ionoonoaee i?aaa ia inaiaiaeaeaiea;

i i?iaeeaiee n?iea inaiaiaeaeaiey io eniieiaiey iaycaiiinoae
iaeiaiieaoaeueueea eeai ia ioeaca a oaeii i?iaeeaiee.

1.2. Iauaeo iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey.

Iauaeo iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey – iaeei ec nouanoaaiiuo yeaiaioia
iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey, aac ii?aaeaeaiey eioi?iai iaeia ia iiaeao auoue
onoaiiaeai (i.1 no.17 /anoe ia?aie IE ?O).

A?ucaaeei A.A. aua aieaa eaoaai?e/ai – ii n/eoaao, /oi iauaeo
iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey – yoi aaeeinoaaiiia iniiaaiea aicieeiiaaiey iaycaiiinoe
ii oieaoa iaeiaa.

A niioaaonoaee n i.1 no.38 /anoe ia?aie IE ?O iauaeoaie
iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey iiaoo yaeyoueny iia?aoeee ii ?aaeecaoeee oiaa?ia
(?aaio, oneoa), eiouanoai, i?eaueue, aeioiae, noieiinoue ?aaeeciaaiiuo
oiaa?ia (auiieiaiiuo ?aaio, ieacaiiuo oneoa) eeai eiie iauaeo, eiathuee
noieiinoioth, eiee/anoaaiioth eee oece/aneoth oa?aeoa?enoeee, n iaee/eai
eioi?iai o iaeiaiieaoaeueueea caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai i iaeiaao e nai?ao
naycuaaao aicieeiiaaiea iaycaiiinoe ii oieaoa iaeiaa.

I?eiaieoaeueii e IAeN a ea/anoaa iaeiaiiaeaaaaiiai iauaeoa aunooiatho
/aou?a aeaea iia?aoeee, ia?a/eneaiiua a i.1 eiiiaioe?oaiie noaouee.
Inoaiiaeiny ia eaaeaeii ec ieo iiae?iaiaa.

1.?aaeecaoeey oiaa?ia (?aaio, oneoa) ia oa??eoi?ee ?inneeneie
Oaaea?aoeee, a oii /enea ?aaeecaoeey i?aaeiaoia caeiaa e ia?aaea/a
oiaa?ia (?acoeueoaoia auiieiaiiuo ?aaio, ieacaiea oneoa) ii niaeaoaieth
i i?aaeinoaaeaiee ionooiiiai eee iiaaoeee.

Ii?aaeaeaiea iiiyoey “?aaeecaoeey oiaa?ia, ?aaio eee oneoa” niaea?aeeony
a i.1 no.39 /anoe ia?aie IE ?O. ?aaeecaoeeae oiaa?ia, ?aaio eee oneoa
i?aaiecaoeeae eee eiaeeaeaeoaeueiui i?aaei?eieiaoaeai i?eciathony:

a) ia?aaea/a ia aiciacaeiie iniiaa i?aaa nianoaaiiinoe ia oiaa?u
?acoeueoaoia auiieiaiiuo ?aaio iaeiei eeoeii aeey ae?oaiai eeoea,
aeeth/ay iaiai oiaa?aie, ?aaioaie eee oneoaaie;

a) aiciacaeiia ieacaiea oneoa iaeiei eeoeii ae?oaiio eeoeo;

a) ia?aaea/a i?aaa nianoaaiiinoe ia oiaa?u ?acoeueoaoia auiieiaiiuo
?aaio iaeiei eeoeii aeey ae?oaiai eeoea, ieacaiea oneoa iaeiei eeoeii
ae?oaiio eeoeo ia aacaiciacaeiie iniiaa a neo/ayo, i?aaeoniio?aiiuo IE
?O. Ia iaeiii ec oaeeo neo/aaa eaeao ?a/ue a iiaei.1 i.1 ?anniao?eaaaiie
noaouee.

Oiaa?ii yaeyaony ethaia eiouanoai, ?aaeecoaiia eee i?aaeiacia/aiiia aeey
?aaeecaoeee. Yoi iiaoo auoue ecaeaeey i?iecaiaenoaaiii-oaoie/aneiai
iacia/aiey, caeaiey, nii?oaeaiey, yeaeo?e/aneay e oaieiaay yia?aey, aac,
aiaea e ae?. Iauaeoii iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey i?eciathony iia?aoeee ii
?aaeecaoeee ia ?inneeneie oa??eoi?ee oiaa?ia eae nianoaaiiiai
i?iecaiaenoaa, oae e i?eia?aoaiiuo ia noi?iia.

?aaioa – aeayoaeueiinoue, ?acoeueoaou eioi?ie eiatho iaoa?eaeueiia
au?aaeaiea e iiaoo auoue ?aaeeciaaiu aeey oaeiaeaoai?aiey iio?aaiinoae
i?aaiecaoeee e oece/aneeo eeoe. Oaeay aeayoaeueiinoue ioaaouaaao
no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiua, ?aiiioiua, iao/ii-enneaaeiaaoaeueneea,
iiuoii-eiino?oeoi?neea, oaoiieiae/aneea, i?iaeoii-ecuneaoaeueneea e
i?i/ea ?aaiou.

Oneoaie aeey oeaeae iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey caeiiiaeaoaeue i?eciaao
aeayoaeueiinoue, ?acoeueoaou eioi?ie ia eiatho iaoa?eaeueiiai au?aaeaiey
(a yoii aa iniiaiia ioee/ea io ?aaiou), ?aaeecothony e iio?aaeythony a
i?ioeanna inouanoaeaiey yoie aeayoaeueiinoe. Iiae aeaiiia ii?aaeaeaiea
iiaeiaaeatho o?ainii?oiua, iin?aaeie/aneea oneoae ii naea/a a a?aiaeo
eiouanoaa, a oii /enea eeceiaiaua oneoae, oneoae nayce, auoiaua,
aeeeeuii-eiiioiaeueiua e o.ae

Inoaeinue ia aei eiioea inaauaiiie oaia i?aaiaiai ?aaoee?iaaiey nienaiey
aoiaeiiai IAeN, a neo/aa anee a niioaaonoaee n i. 2 no. 146 IE ?O
ioaeaeueiua iia?aoeee, inouanoaeyaiua oicyenoaothueie noauaeoaie –
iaeiaiieaoaeueueeaie, ia i?eciathony ?aaeecaoeeae oiaa?ia (?aaio, oneoa)
e, neaaeiaaoaeueii, ia yaeythony iauaeoaie iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey.

Ia?a/aiue aeaeia oaeeo iia?aoeee aeinoaoi/ii ioeai/ai. Ii ninoieo,
aeaaiui ia?acii, ec ia?a/iy iia?aoeee, io?aaeaiiiai a i. 3 no.39 IE ?O,
e iia?aoeee, ia?a/eneaiiuo a ii. 2-5 i.2 no. 146 IE ?O. A
i?eioeeieaeueiii ieaia, ii aeaenoaothuaio iaeiaiaiio caeiiiaeaoaeuenoao,
aiciauaiea (au/ao) ca n/ao athaeaeaoa noii aoiaeiiai IAeN i?iecaiaeeony
oieueei ii oai iia?aoeeyi, eioi?ua eniieueciaaiu a iauaeoao,
i?eciaaaaiuo iaeiaiiaeaaaaiuie. Anee ionoonoaoao iaeiaiiaeaaaaiay aaca,
oi ii aoiaeiiio IAeN ii i?eia?aoaiiui iaoa?eaeueiui ?ano?nai (?aaioai,
oneoaai), i?aai ia iaeiaiaua au/aou (aiciauaiey) ionoonoaoao.

A oaeeo neo/ayo noiiu aoiaeiiai IAeN io?aaeathony a iieoiiie noieiinoe
i?eia?aoaaiuo oiaa?ia (eiouanoaa), ?aaio, oneoa.

I?e yoii anee oeacaiiua oiaa?u (eiouanoaa), ?aaiou, oneoae eniieuecoaony
aeey inouanoaeaiey i?iecaiaenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe aeey ia?ai?iaeaaee
(i. 2 no.171 IE ?O), noiiu aoiaeiiai IAeN aeeth/aaony a ?anoiaeu
i?aaiecaoeee, i?eieiaaiua e au/aoo i?e en/eneaiee iaeiaa ia aeioiaeu
i?aaiecaoeee, aeeth/ay /a?ac aii?oecaoeeiiiua io/eneaiey.

Eae iinooiaoue n aoiaeiui IAeN a ae?oaeo neo/ayo – ioaaoa iao ie a IE
?O, ie a Iaoiaee/aneeo ?aeiiaiaeaoeeyo, oioy enoiaey ec cae?aaiai niunea
e ?aaeueiie neooaoeee ae?oaiai auoiaea, /ai ioianoe noiio iaeiaa ia
noieiinoue caeoieaiiiai oiaa?a (eiouanoaa), ?aaio, oneoa, ia
nouanoaoao2.

?aaeecaoeey i?aaeiaoia caeiaa aeeth/aao eo ia?aaea/o caeiaiaea?aeaoaeth
i?e iaeniieiaiee iaania/aiiiai caeiaii iaycaoaeuenoaa.

Iiaaoeey ?aaeaiaioe?oaony no.414 AE ?O, ionooiiia – no.409 AE ?O.

2. Ia?aaea/a ia oa??eoi?ee ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee oiaa?ia (auiieiaiea
?aaio, ieacaiea oneoa) aeey nianoaaiiuo ioaeae, ?anoiaeu ia eioi?ua ia
i?eieiathony e au/aoo (a oii /enea /a?ac aii?oecaoeeiiiua io/eneaiey)
i?e en/eneaiee iaeiaa ia i?eaueue i?aaiecaoeee.

?a/ue eaeao i ?aaeecaoeee oiaa?ia (?aaio, oneoa) aioo?e i?aaiecaoeee
aeey nianoaaiiiai iio?aaeaiey, cao?aou ii eioi?ui ia ioiinyony ia
ecaea?aeee i?iecaiaenoaa e ia?auaiey, a oaeaea naiei ?aaioieeai.

A yoie nayce aucuaaao oaeeaeaiea o?aeoiaea iaeiaiauie i?aaiaie i.i.2
no.146 IE ?O, a Iaoiaee/aneeo ?aeiiaiaeaoeeyo ii i?eiaiaieth ae.21
“IAeN” IE ?O. Ii iiaieth IIN ?O, e iia?aoeeyi ii ia?aaea/a oiaa?ia
(?aaio, oneoa) aeey nianoaaiiuo ioaeae, yaeythueiny iauaeoii iaeiaeaiey
IAeN, neaaeoao ioiineoue ana iia?aoeee, ia naycaiiua n i?iecaiaenoaii
i?iaeoeoeee( 3.1). I?e yoii, ii-aeaeeiiio, ia niouaao oio oaeo, /oi
oi?ioee?iaea i.i.2 i.1 no.146 IE ?O niaea?aeeo neiaa “aeey nianoaaiiuo
ioaeae”, e neaaeiaaoaeueii, a yoii i.i. ?a/ue iiaeao eaeoe eeoue i
ia?aaea/a oiaa?ia (?aaio, oneoa) aioo?e i?aaiecaoeee iaaeaeo a?
iiae?acaeaeaieyie.

Anee aea oiaa?u (?aaiou, oneoae) ia?aaeathony (auiieiythony,
ieacuaathony) iaeiaiieaoaeueueeii o?aoueaio eeoeo, oi oaeea iia?aoeee
yaeythony ia /ai eiui, eae ia?aaea/ae ia aacaiciacaeiie iniiaa, e
iaeaaathony IAeN ia ii i.i.2, a ii i.i.1 i.1 no.146 IE ?O.

Oaeoth iaei??aeoiinoue iaeiaiauo i?aaiia iiaeii auei au inoaaeoue aac
aieiaiey, anee au ia iaeei nouanoaaiiue iiiaio. Aeaei a oii, /oi ae. 21
IE ?O onoaiaaeeaaao ?acee/iue ii?yaeie ii?aaeaeaiey iaeiaiaie aacu aeey
iia?aoeee ii i.2 no.154: … ?aaeecaoeey oiaa?ia (?aaio, oneoa) ia
aacaiciacaeiie iniiaa … iaeiaiaay aaca ii?aaeaeyaony a ii?yaeea,
aiaeiae/iii i?aaeoniio?aiiii no.40 IE ?O n o/?oii aeoeecia (aeey
iiaeaeoeeciuo oiaa?ia e iiaeaeoeeciiai ieia?aeueiiai nu?uey) e aac
aeeth/aiey a ieo iaeiaa e iaeiaa n i?iaeaae e aeey iia?aoeee ii i.1
no.159.

Iiyoiio iai?aaeeueiay o?aeoiaea niaa?oaiiuo i?aaei?eieiaoaeai iia?aoeee
iiaeao i?eaanoe e ioeaeai a ii?aaeaeaiee iaeiaiaie aacu e niioaaonoaaiii
e caauoaieth (caieaeaieth) noii iaeiaa, iiaeeaaeauae oieaoa athaeaeao.

3. Auiieiaiea no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo ?aaio aeey nianoaaiiiai
iio?aaeaiey.

4. Aaic oiaa?ia ia oaiiaeaiioth oa??eoi?eth ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee.
Oiaa?u aaicyony a niioaaonoaee n oaiiaeaiiuie ?aaeeiaie, onoaiiaeaiiuie
oaiiaeaiiui caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee. Aeaenoaoao
Eino?oeoeey i ii?yaeea i?eiaiaiey oaiiaeaiiuie i?aaiaie ?O IAeN a
ioiioaiee oiaa?ia, aaiceiuo ia oa??eoi?eth ?O, ooaa?aeaeaiioth I?eeacii
AOE io 07.02.01a. ? 131.

A ioieoa 2 no.146 ia?a/eneythony iia?aoeee, ia ioiinyueany e ?aaeecaoeee
oiaa?ia (?aaio, oneoa) e, neaaeiaaoaeueii, ia iiaeeaaeauea iaeiaeaieth
IAeN. A ia?aoth i/a?aaeue e iei ioianaiu iia?aoeee, oeacaiiua a i.3
no.39 /anoe ia?aie IE ?O. Ii iineieueeo ia?a/aiue, i?eaaaeaiiue a i.3
no.39 yaeyaony ioe?uoui, oi a niioaaonoaee n iiaei.9 i.3 no.39
caeiiiaeaoaeue i?eiaieoaeueii e IAeN aeiiieiee aai iiaei.2-5 i.2 .

Niaeanii /anoe ia?aie no.67 Eiinoeoooeee ?O ?inneeneay oa??eoi?ey
aeeth/aao a naay oa??eoi?ee aa noauaeoia, aioo?aiiea aiaeu e
oa??eoi?eaeueiia ii?a, aicaeooiia i?ino?ainoai iaae ieie. ?inneeneay
Oaaea?aoeey iaeaaeaao noaa?aiiuie i?aaaie e inouanoaeyao th?enaeeeoeeth
ia eiioeiaioaeueiii oaeueoa e a eneeth/eoaeueiie yeiiiie/aneie ciia
?innee.

Oaeei ia?acii, nooiiooiie oa??eoi?eae ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee yaeyaony
any nooa, iaoiaeyuayny iiae noaa?aieoaoii ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee.
Aiaeiay oa??eoi?ey ioaaouaaao iaoeeiiaeueiua aiaeu, iaoiaeyueany a
i?aaeaeao a?aieoe ?innee: aiaeu aioo?aiieo ?ae, ica?, eaiaeia,
aioo?aiieo ii?ae e enoi?e/aneeo caeeaia, aiaeu ii?neeo caeeaia e aooo,
aiaeu ii?neiai iiyna, i?eiueathuaai e aa?aao (oa??eoi?eaeueiua aiaeu).
Aicaeooiay oa??eoi?ey aeeth/aao aicaeooiia i?ino?ainoai iaae nooae,
aiaeaie ainoaea?noaa, a oii /enea oa??eoi?eaeueiuie. Ii?neea, ?a/iua,
aicaeooiua e einie/aneea ei?aaee, iinyuea oeaa eee ciae ?inneeneie
Oaaea?aoeee, a oai?ee iaaeaeoia?iaeiiai i?aaa eiaiothony “ieaao/ae”,
“eaoo/ae” e “einie/aneie” oa??eoi?eyie ?innee.

Ianoi ?aaeecaoeee oiaa?ia (?aaio, oneoa) yaeyaony eeth/aaui iiiyoeai,
eniieuecoaiui i?e en/eneaiee IAeN, iineieueeo iauaeoii iaeiaeaiey IAeN
yaeyaony ?aaeecaoeey oiaa?ia (?aaio, oneoa) oieueei oa??eoi?ey ?O.
Aeaiiue i?eioeei iieiaeai a iniiao iino?iaiey nenoaiu einaaiiiai
iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey, o.a. oiaa?u, ?aaiou e oneoae aeieaeiu iaeaaaoueny
iaeiaii oai, aaea iie iio?aaeythony.

Ianoii ?aaeecaoeee oiaa?ia i?eciaaony oa??eoi?ey ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee
i?e iaee/ee iaeiiai eee ianeieueeeo ianoiyoaeuenoa, ia?a/eneaiiuo a
no.147.

Aei 01 yiaa?y 2001a. ia auei i?aaeoniio?aii ii?aaeaeaiea ianoa
?aaeecaoeee. Iaeiaei, ia i?aeoeea aeaiiue aii?in ?aoaeny enoiaey ec
aiaeiae/iuo i?eioeeiia.

Iai?eia?, a ienueia AIN ?O e Ieioeia ?O io 25 aeaeaa?y 1996a. ??
AC-6-03/887, 04-03-08 “I iaeiaa ia aeiaaaeaiioth noieiinoue” a ioiioaiee
iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey i?iaeoeoeee ii?neiai i?iiunea, aeiauoay a Ie?iaii
ieaaia e ?aaeeciaaiiay iaiin?aaenoaaiii ec ?aeiiia i?iiunea aac
ia?ana/aiey oaiiaeaiiie a?aieoeu ?O, IAeN ia iaeaaathony.

Noaouey 148 iinayuaia ianoo ?aaeecaoeee ?aaio (oneoa). Iii ii?aaeaeyaony
eae oa??eoi?ey ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee a neaaeothueo neo/ayo:

1) iaaeaeaeeiia eiouanoai, n eioi?ui naycaiu ?aaiou eee oneoae,
iaoiaeeony ia oa??eoi?ee ?innee;

2) aeaeaeeiia eiouanoai, n eioi?ui naycaiu ?aaiou (oneoae), iaoiaeeony
ia oa??eoi?ee ?innee;

3) ianoii oaeoe/aneiai inouanoaeaiey oneoa, anee iie ieacuaathony a
noa?a eoeueoo?u, eneonnoaa, ia?aciaaiey, oece/aneie eoeueoo?u eee
oo?ecia e nii?oa, yaeyaony oa??eoi?ey ?innee;

4) iieoiaoaeue ?aaio (oneoa) inouanoaeyao naith yeiiiie/aneoth
aeayoaeueiinoue ia oa??eoi?ee ?innee. Yoio neo/ae i?eiaiei e neooaoeee,
eiaaea i?iaeaaaoe ?aaio (oneoa) eiaao ianoi iaoiaeaeaiey ca i?aaeaeaie
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee.

Ianoii inouanoaeaiey aeayoaeueiinoe iieoiaoaey n/eoaaony oa??eoi?ey
?O a neo/aa oaeoe/aneiai i?enoonoaey iieoiaoaey oneoa ia oa??eoi?ee IA
iniiaaiee ainoaea?noaaiiie ?aaeno?aoeee i?aaiecaoeee e
eiaeeaeaeoaeueiiai i?aaei?eieiaoaey.

Aeaiiia ii?aaeaeaiea aucuaaao ?yae aii?inia, ia ynii, /oi iiieiaaony
iiae ainoaea?noaaiiie ?aaeno?aoeeae: th?enaeeeoeey, aaea eeoei i?eia?aei
noaoon th?eaee/aneiai eeoea, eee ethaay ae?oaay ?aaeno?aoeey
(aee?aaeeoaoeey, ?aaeno?aoeey a iaeiaiauo i?aaiao e o.i.)

Iaeiaei aeaiiia iieiaeaiea ?ani?ino?aiyaony ia ia ana ?aaiou e oneoae,
a eeoue ia iaeioi?ua eo aeaeu, ia?a/eneaiiua a iiaei.4 i.1
eiiiaioe?oaiie noaouee: ii ia?aaea/a a nianoaaiiinoue eee ia?aonooiea
iaoaioia, eeoeaicee, oi?aiauo ia?ie, aaoi?neeo i?aa eee eiuo aiaeiae/iuo
i?aa, eiinoeueoaoeeiiiua, th?eaee/aneea, aooaaeoa?neea, eiaeeie?eiaiaua,
?aeeaiiua oneoae, ?aaiou (oneoae) ii ianeoaeeaaieth ii?neeo noaeia e
o.ae.

5) Ianoii ?aaeecaoeee eiuo (o.a. ia iacaaiiuo) ?aaio eee oneoa n/eoaaony
oa??eoi?ey ?innee, anee yeiiiie/aneay aeayoaeueiinoue i?aaiecaoeee eee
eiaeeaeaeoaeueiiai i?aaei?eieiaoaey, auiieiythueo yoe ?aaiou
(ieacuaathueo oneoae), inouanoaeyaony ia ?inneeneie oa??eoi?ee. Anee
?aaeecaoeey ?aaio (oneoa) iineo aniiiiaaoaeueiue oa?aeoa? ii ioiioaieth
e iniiaiie ?aaeecaoeee ?aaio, oneoa, oi ianoii “aniiiiaaoaeueiie”
?aaeecaoeee n/eoaaony ianoi ?aaeecaoeee iniiaiuo ?aaio, oneoa.

I?e ieacaiee oneoa ii naea/a a a?aiaeo aicaeooiuo, ii?neeo eee noaeia
aioo?aiiaai ieaaaiey ii aeiaiai?o a?aiaeu (o?aooiaaiey ia a?aiy) n
yeeiaaeai e oneoa ii ia?aaicea ianoi inouanoaeaiey aeayoaeueiinoe
i?aaiecaoeee eee eiaeeaeaeoaeueiiai i?aaei?eieiaoaey, ieacuaathueo oaeea
oneoae, ii?aaeaeyaony ianoii oaeoe/aneiai ieacaiey oneoa ii oi?aaeaieth
e oaoie/aneie yenieoaoaoeee noaeia eeai ianoii ieacaiey oneoa ii
ia?aaicea.

?anniio?ei iaeei ec /anoiuo neo/aaa aeieoiaioaeueiiai ioi?ieaiey
ieacaiey iiaeiaiuo oneoa. Oae, aeieoiaioaie, iiaeoaa?aeaeathueie ianoi
ieacaiey oneoa ?inneeneie i?aaiecaoeeae eee eiaeeaeaeoaeueiui
i?aaei?eieiaoaeai, yaeythueieny nianoaaiieeaie o?ainii?oiuo n?aaenoa, ca
i?aaeaeaie ?innee, yaeythony:

aeiaiai? a?aiaeu ?inneeneeo o?ainii?oiuo n?aaenoa n yeeiaaeai,
caeeth/aiiue ?inneeneei noaeiaeaaeaeueoeai – iaeiaiieaoaeueueeii n
eiino?aiiui eeoeii;

auienea aaiea, iiaeoaa?aeaeathuay oaeoe/aneia iinooieaiea au?o/ee io
eiino?aiiiai eeoea ca ieacaiiua oneoae ia n/ao ?inneeneiai
iaeiaiieaoaeueueea a ?inneeneii aaiea;

aeieoiaiou, iiaeoaa?aeaeathuea oaeoe/aneia ieacaiea oneoa ca i?aaeaeaie
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee.

Noaouey 149 IE ?O i?aaeoniao?eaaao inaiaiaeaeaiea io IAeN ?yae iauaeoia.
Yoi ?aciiaeaeiinoue iaeiaiaie eueaiou, oae eae iaeiaiieaoaeueuee ia
iniiaaiee aeaiiie noaouee iiaeao niaa?oaoue iacaaiiua iia?aoeee, ia
oiea/eaay IAeN, /oi a iieiie ia?a niioaaonoaoao ii?aaeaeaieth eueaio ii
iaeiaai e nai?ai, cae?aie?iioth a i.6 no.56 /.1 IE ?O.

Iieiaeaiea noaouee 149 IE ?O eiie?aoece?oaony a oaaea?aeueiuo
caeiiao e iiaecaeiiiuo ii?iaoeaiuo i?aaiauo aeoao i?aaiia
eniieieoaeueiie aeanoe.

A Iaeiaiaii eiaeaena ?O aaaaeaii iaeiaiaia iiaoanoai – aia?aua
i?aaeoniao?eaaaony inaiaiaeaeaiea io iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey iia?aoeee ii
ieacaieth oeiainiauo oneoa a aeaea caeia a aeaiaaeiie oi?ia.

Iaiaoiaeeii ioiaoeoue, /oi aeaiiay eueaioa eanaaony caeiiaeaaoea,
eioi?ue ieacuaaao oneoao ii i?aaeinoaaeaieth caeia. Eiuie neiaaie, io
IAeN inaiaiaeaeaaony noieiinoue oneoae. Oaeei ia?acii, anee caeiu
i?aaeinoaaeyaony ca ieaoo (n oieaoie i?ioeaioia), oi iieo/aiiua
i?ioeaiou inaiaiaeaeathony io IAeN.

A ioee/ee io oaenoa naiie noaouee, a Iaoiaee/aneeo ?aeiiaiaeaoeeyo
aaaeiaeoee aeoeaio aeaeaaony ia oi, /oi ia iiaeeaaeeo iaeiaiiaeiaeaieth
ieaoa ca i?aaeinoaaeaiea acaai aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa.

Caiyoay IIN ?innee iiceoeey iainiiaaiia e i?aaiia?ia, iineieueeo,
iauaeoii iaeiaeaiey a niioaaonoaee ni noaoue?e 39 IE ?O ia iiaeao auoue
naia noiia aeaiaaeiiai caeia, oae eae ionoonoaea iauaeoa ?aaeecaoeee,
iineieueeo i?aai nianoaaiiinoe aacaica?aoii io caeiiaeaaoea caaiueeo ia
yoo noiio ia ia?aoiaeeo, a, ii nooe, ?aaeeciaaia oieueei oeiainiaay
oneoaa, ioeaiaiiay a aeaea ii?aaeaeaiiie ieaou ca iieueciaaiea caeiii.

Aicieeaao i?iaeaia eiaaea, aeey ono?aiaiey aiciiaeiinoe eaaaeueiiai
oiaiueoaiey iaeiaiaie aacu, aeaiiia inaiaiaeaeaiea ioaeaeaaony ai
aaaaeaiee ia?aie/aiey noaaeie ?aoeiaine?iaaiey Oeaio?aeueiiai aaiea
?innee.

1.3. Ii?yaeie en/eneaiey e oieaou IAeN a athaeaeao.

Noiia IAeN, iiaeeaaeauay oieaoa a athaeaeao, i?aaenoaaeyao niaie iauoth
noiio iaeiaa ieion iaeiaiaua au/aou.

Ii iauaio i?aaeeo IAeN oiea/eaaaony ii eoiaai eaaeaeiai iaeiaiaiai
ia?eiaea ia iicaeiaa 20-ai /enea ianyoea, neaaeothuaai ca enoaeoei
iaeiaiaui ia?eiaeii.

I?e aaica oiaa?ia ia oaiiaeaiioth oa??eoi?eth ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee
IAeN oiea/eaaaony a niioaaonoaee n oaiiaeaiiui caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee.

A niioaaonoaee n i.1 noaouee i?aaiecaoeey, eiathuay iainiaeaiiua
iiae?acaeaeaiey, iaycaia oiea/eaaoue IAeN:

a) ii ianoo naiaai iaoiaeaeaiey;

a) ii ianoo iaoiaeaeaiey eaaeaeiai ec iainiaeaiiuo iiae?acaeaeaiee.

Noiia IAeN, iiaeeaaeauay oieaoa ii ianoo iaoiaeaeaiey iainiaeaiiiai
iiae?acaeaeaiey i?aaiecaoeee, ?ann/eouaaaony ii oi?ioea:

Niaen = (N o (* + I)) : 2,

aaea Niaen – noiia IAeN, iiaeeaaeauay oieaoa ii ianoo iaoiaeaeaiey
iainiaeaiiiai iiae?acaeaeaiey;

N – iauay noiia iaeiaa, iiaeeaaeauay oieaoa i?aaiecaoeeae;

* – oaeaeueiue aan n?aaeianieni/iie /eneaiiinoe ?aaioieeia (oiiaea
iieaou o?oaea) iainiaeaiiiai iiae?acaeaeaiey a n?aaeianieni/iie
/eneaiiinoe ?aaioieeia (oiiaea iieaou o?oaea) ii i?aaiecaoeee a
oeaeii*(7);

I – oaeaeueiue aan noieiinoe iniiaiuo i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo oiiaeia
iainiaeaiiiai iiae?acaeaeaiey a noieiinoe iniiaiuo i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo
oiiaeia ii i?aaiecaoeee a oeaeii.

Noiia IAeN, iiaeeaaeauay oieaoa ii ianoo iaoiaeaeaiey i?aaiecaoeee, a
ninoaa eioi?ie aoiaeyo iainiaeaiiua iiae?acaeaeaiey (N1), ii?aaeaeyaony
neaaeothuei ia?acii:

N1 = N – Nniaieoi.,

aaea N – iauay noiia iaeiaa, iiaeeaaeauay oieaoa i?aaiecaoeeae a oeaeii;

Nniaieoi. – noiia IAeN, iiaeeaaeauay oieaoa ii ianoo iaoiaeaeaiey anao
iainiaeaiiuo iiae?acaeaeaiee i?aaiecaoeee.

Iaeiaiaay aaca i?aaenoaaeyao niaie noieiinoioth, oece/aneoth eee eioth
oa?aeoa?enoeee iauaeoa iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey (i.1 no.53 /anoe ia?aie IE ?O).

Niaeanii aacaoeo ia?aiio i.1 noaouee 153 ninoaa iaeiaiaie aacu eae
yeaiaioa iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey ii IAeN caaeneo io iniaaiiinoae ?aaeecaoeee
i?iecaaaeaiiuo iaeiaiieaoaeueueeii eee i?eia?aoaiiuo ei ia noi?iia
oiaa?ia (?aaio, oneoa).

E?iia oiai, a noaouea cae?aieaiu e iauea i?aaeea ii?aaeaeaiey iaeiaiaie
aacu aeey ?acee/iuo iauaeoia iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey: ?an/ao iaeiaiaie aacu
ioaeaeueii ii eaaeaeiio aeaeo oiaa?ia (?aaio, oneoa) i?e i?eiaiaiee e
yoei aeaeai ?aciuo iaeiaiauo noaaie, ii?aaeaeaiea au?o/ee io ?aaeecaoeee
oiaa?ia (?aaio, oneoa) enoiaey ec anao aeioiaeia iaeiaiieaoaeueueea,
naycaiiuo n ?an/aoaie ii iieaoa oeacaiiuo oiaa?ia, ?aaio eee oneoa,
iieo/aiiuo ei a aeaiaaeiie e (eee) iaoo?aeueiie oi?iao, aeeth/ay iieaoo
oeaiiuie aoiaaaie ia?an/ao au?o/ee (?anoiaeia) iaeiaiieaoaeueueea a
eiino?aiiie aaethoa a ?oaee ii eo?no Oeaio?aeueiiai aaiea ?O ia aeaoo
?aaeecaoeee oiaa?ia (?aaio, oneoa) eee ia aeaoo oaeoe/aneiai
inouanoaeaiey ?anoiaeia niioaaonoaaiii.

A aacaoeao aoi?ii e o?aoueai i.1 no.153 iniai iaiaa?eaaaony, /oi
enoi/ieeii i?aaiauo ii?i, ?aaoee?othueo ii?yaeie ii?aaeaeaiey iaeiaiaie
aacu i?e ia?aaea/a oiaa?ia (auiieiaiee ?aaio, ieacaiee oneoa) aeey
nianoaaiiuo ioaeae, yaeyaony ae.21 /anoe aoi?ie IE ?O, a i?e aaica
oiaa?ia ia oaiiaeaiioth oa??eoi?eth ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee – ae.21 /anoe
aoi?ie IE ?O e oaiiaeaiiia caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee.

I?aeoe/anee ana ii?iu no.154 iinyo ionuei/iue oa?aeoa?, aae?anoy
i?aaii?eiaieoaey i?e ?an/aoa noieiinoe ?aaeecoaiuo oiaa?ia (?aaio,
oneoa) e no.40 /anoe ia?aie IE ?O, iinayuaiiie i?eioeeiai ii?aaeaeaiey
oeaiu oiaa?ia, ?aaio eee oneoa aeey oeaeae iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey.

Ii iauaio i?aaeeo iaeiaiaay aaca i?e ?aaeecaoeee iaeiaiieaoaeueueeii
oiaa?ia (?aaio, oneoa) i?aaenoaaeyao niaie noieiinoue yoeo oiaa?ia
(?aaio, oneoa), en/eneaiioth ii eo oeaiai ia iniiaaiee no.40 IE ?O. I?e
yoii a oeaio aeeth/athony aeoeecu, anee ?an/ao i?iecaiaeeony ii
iiaeaeoeeciui oiaa?ai e iiaeaeoeeciiio ieia?aeueiiio nu?ueth. A IAeN e
iaeia n i?iaeaae i?e ?an/aoa noieiinoe oiaa?ia (?aaio, oneoa) ia
o/eouaathony.

I?e en/eneaiee iaeiaiaie aacu o/eouaathony ethaua noiiu, iieo/aiiua a
nayce n ?aaeecaoeeae. Iaeiaei a noaouea 162 oeacuaaaony, /oi i?e
en/eneaiee iaeiaiaie aacu aaanoe ia?aie/aiea ia o/ao noii, iieo/aiiuo a
aeaea i?ioeaioa ii aaenaeyi, i?ioeaioa ii oiaa?iiio e?aaeeoo, naieoeee
oieueei a /anoe i?aauoaiey oaeeo noii iaae noiiaie, ?ann/eoaiiuie a
niioaaonoaee ni noaaeie ?aoeiaine?iaaiey Aaiea ?innee. Iiaeiaiia
ia?aie/aiea iicaieeo oiaiueoaoue iaeiaiaoth aaco ia caeiiiuo iniiaaieyo.
A oi aea a?aiy noaeaiea iaeiaiaie aacu ia noaaeo ?aoeiaine?iaaiey
i?eaaaeao e ?aaeueiui iioa?yi aeey athaeaeaoa3.

Oiio?aaeyaiue a i.1 no.155 oa?iei “aeiaiai? ?aaeecaoeee oiaa?ia (?aaio,
oneoa)” iaecaanoai ?inneeneiio a?aaeaeaineiio caeiiiaeaoaeuenoao e,
neaaeiaaoaeueii, aai eniieueciaaiea a oaenoa IE ?O i?aaenoaaeyaony
iaei??aeoiui. Niaeanii i.1 no.39, no.146 IE ?O e ii?iai AE ?O
?aaeecaoeey iiaeao i?ienoiaeeoue ii aeiaiai?ai eoiee-i?iaeaaee, iaiu,
aea?aiey e ae?., niaeaoaieth i i?aaeinoaaeaiee ionooiiiai eee iiaaoeee.

A niioaaonoaee ni no.382 AE ?O i?aai (o?aaiaaiea), i?eiaaeeaaeauaa
e?aaeeoi?o ia iniiaaiee iaycaoaeuenoaa, iiaeao auoue ia?aaeaii ei
ae?oaiio eeoeo ii naeaeea (onooiea o?aaiaaiey) eee ia?aeoe e ae?oaiio
eeoeo ia iniiaaiee caeiia.

A IE ?O yoe ioiioaiey o?aaoee?iaaiu a noaouea 155, a iae io?aaeaiu
aeaa iniiaiuo niiniaa i?eia?aoaiey i?aaa o?aaiaaiey.

Ia?aiia/aeueii neaaeoao ii?aaeaeeoue, /oi iiieiaao caeiiiaeaoaeue iiae
aeaaaeaeu ano?a/athuaeny a noaouea iai?ioii “oeiainiaua oneoae”, eai
i?aaenoaaeyaony, /oi aac oaeiai ii?aaeaeaiey iiiyoee ia i/aiue oaea/ii
noi?ioee?iaaiiua iieiaeaiey no.155 IE ?O aoaeao aanueia neiaeii
aaeaeaaoii enoieeiaaoue.

Nai oaeo i?eia?aoaiey i?aaa o?aaiaaiey ?anniao?eaaaony caeiiiaeaoaeai
eae ?aaeecaoeey oeiainiauo oneoa.

A no.155 IE ?O eiouanoaaiiua i?aaa ?anniao?eaathony – eae ieacaiea
i?eia?aoaoaeai i?aaa oeiainiaie oneoae i?aaiiaeaaeaoaeth. Oaeie iiaeoiae
e ii?aaeaeaieth nouiinoe onooiee i?aaa o?aaiaaiey iiaeii n/eoaoue
nii?iui, a oiio?aaeaiea a aeaiiii eiioaenoa oa?ieia “oeiainiaay oneoaa”
ia aiieia aaeaeaaoiui. I?aaenoaaeyaony, /oi eca?aiiua caeiiiaeaoaeai
niiniau eceiaeaiey e oi?ioee?iaea no.155 IE ?O i?aneaaeotho oeaeue
ioa?aie/eoue iaoaieci ii?aaeaeaiey iaeiaiaie aacu ii IAeN i?e oaeoi?eiaa
io niioaaonoaothuaai iaoaiecia i?e oeannee.

Aeiaiai?u ii?o/aiey, eiiennee, aaaioneee ?aaeaiaioe?othony ae.49, 51, 52
AE ?O niioaaonoaaiii. Iaeiaiieaoaeueueee, iieo/athuea aeioiae ia iniiaa
yoeo aeiaiai?ia i?e inouanoaeaiee i?aaei?eieiaoaeueneie aeayoaeueiinoe a
eioa?anao ae?oaiai eeoea, ii?aaeaeytho iaeiaiaoth aaco eae noiio
aeioiaea, iieo/aiioth eie a aeaea aiciaa?aaeaeaiey ii aeiaiai?o.

Ii aeiaiai?o eiiennee aiciaa?aaeaeaiea iieo/aao eiienneiia?, a ii
aaaioneiio aeiaiai?o – aaaio. I?aaeea ii?aaeaeaiey ?acia?a
aiciaa?aaeaeaiey oaeea aea, eae ii aeiaiai?o ii?o/aiey.

Iniaaiiinoue iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey i?eiaieoaeueii e ia?a/eneaiiui aeiaiai?ai
ninoieo a oii, /oi iia?aoeee ii ?aaeecaoeee oneoa, ieacuaaaiuo ia iniiaa
yoeo aeiaiai?ia e naycaiiuo n ?aaeecaoeeae oiaa?ia (?aaio, oneoa), ia
iiaeeaaeaueo iaeiaiiaeiaeaieth ia iniiaaiee no.149 IE ?O, ia auaiaeyony
ec-iiae aeaenoaey IAeN (i.2 eiiiaioe?oaiie noaouee). Eneeth/aiea
ninoaaeytho eeoue iin?aaeie/aneea oneoae ii ?aaeecaoeee ia oa??eoi?ee
?innee.

Iaeuecy ia ia?aoeoue ia aeinaaeioth iaoi/iinoue, eioi?ay iiaeao i?eaanoe
e iaeiaiaui nii?ai, oai aieaa, /oi a i.i.2 i.3 no. 149 IE ?O i oaeii
iiieiaiee aii?ina, eae yoi neacaii a i. 21 Iaoiaee/aneeo ?aeiiaiaeaoeee,
?a/e eaeoe ia aeieaeii.

A oeacaiiii ioieoa, iai?aaiia?ii e eaoaai?ee oae iacuaaaiie
iin?aaeie/aneie aeayoaeueiinoe ioianaia oi?aiaey. Niaeanii AE ?O iiae
iin?aaeie/aneie aeayoaeueiinoueth iiieiaaony inouanoaeyaiay
th?eaee/aneei eeoeii ia iniiaa niaeaoaiey n caeioa?aniaaiiui eeoeii
(eeai ii aeiaa?aiiinoe) aeayoaeueiinoue ii niaa?oaieth io aai eiaie, ca
n/ao e a eioa?anao caeioa?aniaaiiiai eeoea a?aaeaeainei-i?aaiauo
naeaeie, ?ac?aoaiiuo aeaenoaothuei caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii.

A yoii niunea oi?aiaeth (iioiaoth, ?icie/ioth) ieeae iaeuecy
eaaeeoeoee?iaaoue eae iin?aaeie/aneoth aeayoaeueiinoue.

I?e ?aaeecaoeee i?aaei?eyoey a oeaeii eae eiouanoaaiiiai eiiieaena
iaeiaiaay aaca ii?aaeaeyaony ioaeaeueii ii eaaeaeiio ec aeaeia aeoeaia.
Aeoeau – yoi ethaay nianoaaiiinoue i?aaei?eyoey. E iei ioiinyony iaoeiu
e iai?oaeiaaiea, caeaiey, i?iecaiaenoaaiiua caianu, aaieianeea aeeaaeu e
eiaanoeoeee a oeaiiua aoiaae, iaoaiou, a a caiaaeiie i?aeoeea e aeaeiaay
?aiooaoeey.

Aaeainiaay noieiinoue eiouanoaa i?aaenoaaeyao niaie ia?aiia/aeueioth
noieiinoue aeaiiiai eiouanoaa ca au/aoii iaeiieaiiiai eciina. Iia
oeacuaaaony a aeaiiuo aooaaeoa?neiai o/aoa.

Iineieueeo, eae iieacuaaao i?aeoeea, oeaia i?iaeaaee i?aaei?eyoey ia
aoeoeeiia ia niioaaonoaoao iauae aaeainiaie noieiinoe, noiia IAeN ii
eaaeaeiio aeaeo ?aaeecoaiiai eiouanoaa ii?aaeaeyaony ?an/aoii.

I?e ia?aaea/a oiaa?ia (auiieiaiee ?aaio, ieacaiee oneoa) aeey
nianoaaiiuo ioaeae a ea/anoaa i?eaioe?a aeey en/eneaiey iaeiaiaie aacu
iiaoo auoue eniieueciaaiu oeaiu ?aaeecaoeee eaeaioe/iuo, a a neo/aa eo
ionoonoaey iaeii?iaeiuo oiaa?ia (aiaeiae/iuo ?aaio, oneoa),
aeaenoaiaaaoea a i?aaeuaeouai iaeiaiaii ia?eiaea.

Eaeaioe/iuie i?eciathony oiaa?u, eiathuea iaeeiaeiaua oa?aeoa?iua aeey
ieo iniiaiua i?eciaee. I?e ii?aaeaeaiee eaeaioe/iinoe oiaa?ia
o/eouaathony eo oece/aneea oa?aeoa?enoeee, ea/anoai e ?aiooaoeey ia
?uiea, no?aia i?ienoiaeaeaiey e i?iecaiaeeoaeue.

Niaeanii no.26 Caeiia ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee “I oaiiaeaiiii oa?eoa”
no?aiie i?ienoiaeaeaiey oiaa?a n/eoaaony no?aia, a eioi?ie oiaa? aue
iieiinoueth i?iecaaaeai eee iiaeaa?aioo aeinoaoi/iie ia?a?aaioea a
niioaaonoaee n e?eoa?eyie, onoaiiaeaiiuie aeaiiui caeiiii.

A oaeinoiaa?aiea i?ienoiaeaeaiey oiaa?a ec aeaiiie no?aiu oaiiaeaiiue
i?aai ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee ai?aaa o?aaiaaoue i?aaenoaaeaiey
na?oeoeeaoa i i?ienoiaeaeaiee oiaa?a.

I?e auaica oiaa?ia n oaiiaeaiiie oa??eoi?ee ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee
na?oeoeeao i i?ienoiaeaeaiee oiaa?a a oao neo/ayo, eiaaea ii iaiaoiaeei
e yoi caoeene?iaaii a niioaaonoaothueo eiio?aeoao, a iaoeeiiaeueiuo
i?aaeeao no?aiu aaica eee i?aaeoniio?aii iaaeaeoia?iaeiuie
iaycaoaeuenoaaie ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee, auaeaaony oiieiiii/aiiui ia yoi
i?aaiii.

I?e aaica oiaa?a ia oaiiaeaiioth oa??eoi?eth ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee
na?oeoeeao i i?ienoiaeaeaiee oiaa?a i?aaenoaaeyaony a iaycaoaeueiii
ii?yaeea:

– ia oiaa?u, i?ienoiaeyuea ec no?ai, eioi?ui ?inneeneay Oaaea?aoeey
i?aaeinoaaeyao i?aoa?aioeee ii oaiiaeaiiiio oa?eoo;

– ia oiaa?u, aaic eioi?uo ec aeaiiie no?aiu ?aaoee?oaony eiee/anoaaiiuie
ia?aie/aieyie (eaioaie) eee eiuie ia?aie ?aaoee?iaaiey
aiaoiayeiiiie/aneie aeayoaeueiinoe;

– anee yoi i?aaeoniio?aii iaaeaeoia?iaeiuie niaeaoaieyie, o/anoieeii
eioi?uo yaeyaony ?inneeneay Oaaea?aoeey, a oaeaea caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee a iaeanoe io?aiu ie?oaeathuae i?e?iaeiie n?aaeu,
caei?iauey ianaeaiey, caueou i?aa ?inneeneeo iio?aaeoaeae, iauanoaaiiiai
ii?yaeea, ainoaea?noaaiiie aaciianiinoe e ae?oaeo aeeciaiii aaaeiuo
eioa?ania ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee;

– a neo/ayo, eiaaea a i?aaenoaaeyaiuo aeey oaiiaeaiiiai ioi?ieaiey
aeieoiaioao naaaeaiey i i?ienoiaeaeaiee oiaa?ia ionoonoaotho eeai o
oaiiaeaiiiai i?aaia ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee anoue iniiaaiey iieaaaoue,
/oi aeaeea?e?othony iaaeinoiaa?iua naaaeaiey i i?ienoiaeaeaiee oiaa?ia.
Na?oeoeeao i i?ienoiaeaeaiee oiaa?a aeieaeai iaeiicia/ii
naeaeaoaeuenoaiaaoue i oii, /oi oeacaiiue oiaa? i?ienoiaeeo ec
niioaaonoaothuae no?aiu, e aeieaeai niaea?aeaoue:

a) ienueiaiiia cayaeaiea ioi?aaeoaey i oii, /oi oiaa? oaeiaeaoai?yao
niioaaonoaothuaio e?eoa?eth i?ienoiaeaeaiey;

a) ienueiaiiia oaeinoiaa?aiea eiiiaoaioiiai i?aaia no?aiu auaica,
auaeaaoaai na?oeoeeao, i oii, /oi i?aaenoaaeaiiua a na?oeoeeaoa
naaaeaiey niioaaonoaotho aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe.

Na?oeoeeao i i?ienoiaeaeaiee oiaa?a i?aaenoaaeyaony aianoa n oaiiaeaiiie
aeaeea?aoeeae e ae?oaeie aeieoiaioaie, i?aaenoaaeyaiuie i?e oaiiaeaiiii
ioi?ieaiee. I?e oo?aoa na?oeoeeaoa i?eieiaaony aai ioeoeeaeueii
caaa?aiiue aeoaeeeao.

A neo/aa aicieeiiaaiey niiiaiee ioiineoaeueii aacoi?a/iinoe na?oeoeeaoa
eee niaea?aeaueony a iai naaaeaiee, aeeth/ay naaaeaiey i no?aia
i?ienoiaeaeaiey oiaa?a, oaiiaeaiiue i?aai ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee iiaeao
ia?aoeoueny e i?aaiai, auaeaaoei na?oeoeeao, eee e eiiiaoaioiui
i?aaiecaoeeyi no?aiu, oeacaiiie a ea/anoaa no?aiu i?ienoiaeaeaiey
oiaa?a, n i?inueaie niiaueoue aeiiieieoaeueiua eee ooi/iythuea
naaaeaiey.

Oiaa? ia n/eoaaony i?ienoiaeyuei ec aeaiiie no?aiu aei oao ii?, iiea ia
aoaeoo i?aaenoaaeaiu iaaeeaaeauei ia?acii ioi?ieaiiue na?oeoeeao
i?ienoiaeaeaiey eee cai?ioaiiua naaaeaiey.

Iaeii?iaeiuie n/eoathony oiaa?u, eioi?ua, ia yaeyynue eaeaioe/iuie,
eiatho noiaeiua oa?aeoa?enoeee e ninoiyo ec noiaeeo eiiiiiaioia, /oi
iicaieyao ei auiieiyoue iaeie e oa aea ooieoeee e (eee) auoue
eiiia?/anee acaeiicaiaiyaiuie.

Iaoiaeu ii?aaeaeaiey ?uii/iuo oeai oiaa?ia, ?aaio, oneoa
?aaeaiaioe?othony no.40 /anoe ia?aie IE ?O.

A aeaiiie noaouea ia?a/eneythony aeioiaeu, o/eouaaaiua i?e ii?aaeaeaiee
iaeiaiaie aacu ii IAeN ia?yaeo n nianoaaiii aeioiaeaie io ?aaeecaoeee
oiaa?ia, ?aaio eee oneoa. A eo /enei aoiaeyo aaainiaua e eiua ieaoaaee,
iieo/aiiua a n/ao i?aaenoiyueo iinoaaie oiaa?ia, auiieiaiey ?aaio eee
ieacaiey oneoa (ca eneeth/aieai aaainiauo eee eiuo ieaoaaeae, iieo/aiiuo
a n/ao i?aaenoiyueo iinoaaie oiaa?ia, iaeaaaaiuo ii ioeaaie iaeiaiaie
noaaea, aeeeoaeueiinoue i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai oeeeea ecaioiaeaiey eioi?uo
ninoaaeyao nauoa oanoe ianyoeaa); noiiu, iieo/aiiua ca ?aaeeciaaiiua
oiaa?u (?aaiou, oneoae) a aeaea oeiainiaie iiiiue;

aeioiaeu, i?aaenoaaeythuea niaie i?ioeaio (aeeneiio) ii iieo/aiiui a
n/ao iieaou ca ?aaeeciaaiiua oiaa?u (?aaiou, oneoae) iaeeaaoeeyi e
aaenaeyi,

Ii?aaeaeaiea i?ioeaioa (aeeneiioa) aeey oeaeae iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey
cae?aieaii a no. 43 IE ?O:

“I?ioeaioaie i?eciaaony ethaie ca?aiaa cayaeaiiue (onoaiiaeaiiue)
aeioiae, a oii /enea a aeaea aeeneiioa, iieo/aiiue ii aeieaiaiio
iaycaoaeuenoao ethaiai aeaea (iacaaeneii io niiniaa aai ioi?ieaiey). I?e
yoii i?ioeaioaie i?eciathony, a /anoiinoe, aeioiaeu, iieo/aiiua ii
aeaiaaeiui aeeaaeai e aeieaiaui iaycaoaeuenoaai”.

Enoiaey ec aiaeeca aeaiiie ii?iu, iniiaiui e?eoa?eai i?e ii?aaeaeaiee
i?ioeaioia yaeyaony i?eciae i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai iauyaeaiey aeioiaea.

Oaeoe/anee a ioiioaiee aaenaeae eae ?aciiaeaeiinoe oeaiiuo aaaaeaii
aeiiieieoaeueiia i?aaeei iaeiaiiaeiaeaiea, iineieueeo a niioaaonoaee ni
i.i.12 i.2 no.149 IE ?O ?aaeecaoeey oeaiiuo aoiaa e eino?oiaioia
n?i/iuo naeaeie inaiaiaeaeaia io iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey.

Neaaeiaaoaeueii, niaa?oaiea iau/iuo iia?aoeee ii iieoiea e ?aaeecaoeee
aaenaeae n iieo/aieai aeioiaea, eioi?ue ia aue ca?aiaa iauyaeai, ia
aea/ao oieaoo IAeN.

i?ioeaio ii oiaa?iiio e?aaeeoo a /anoe, i?aauoathuae ?acia?
i?ioeaioa, ?ann/eoaiiiai a niioaaonoaee ni noaaeaie ?aoeiaine?iaaiey
Oeaio?aeueiiai aaiea ?O, aeaenoaiaaaoeie a ia?eiaeao, ca eioi?ua
i?iecaiaeeony ?an/ao i?ioeaioa, e o.ae.

Aeeneiioii yaeyaony ?acieoea iaaeaeo oeaiie a ianoiyuee iiiaio (o.a. a
iiiaio iieoiee) e oeaiie ia iiiaio iiaaoaiey eee oeaiie iiieiaea oeaiiie
aoiaae.

?aoeiaine?iaaiea – e?aaeeoiaaiea Oeaio?aeueiui aaieii ?O aaieia (no.40
Oaaea?aeueiiai caeiia “I Oeaio?aeueiii aaiea ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee
(Aaiea ?innee)”). Noaaea ?aoeiaine?iaaiey onoaiaaeeaaaony e
ia?eiaee/anee ia?aniao?eaaaony Oeaio?aeueiui aaieii ?O.

A niioaaonoaee n i.1 no.55 /anoe ia?aie IE ?O iiae iaeiaiaui ia?eiaeii
iiieiaaony ia?eiae a?aiaie, ii ieii/aiee eioi?iai ii?aaeaeyaony
iaeiaiaay aaca e en/eneyaony noiia iaeiaa, iiaeeaaeauay oieaoa.
I?eiaieoaeueii e IAeN caeiiiaeaoaeue onoaiiaee aeaa iaeiaiauo ia?eiaea:
eaeaiaea?iue ianyoe eae iauee iaeiaiaue ia?eiae e eaa?oae – aeey
iaeiaiieaoaeueueeia n aaeaiany/iuie a oa/aiea eaa?oaea noiiaie au?o/ee
io ?aaeecaoeee oiaa?ia (?aaio, oneoa) aac o/aoa IAeN e iaeiaa n
i?iaeaae, ia i?aauoathueie iaeei ieeeeii ?oaeae. Ii iauaio i?aaeeo ii
enoa/aiee niioaaonoaothuaai iaeiaiaiai ia?eiaea iaeiaiieaoaeueuee
aeieaeai naiinoiyoaeueii en/eneeoue ?acia? iaeiaiaiai iaycaoaeuenoaa e
i?aaenoaaeoue a iaeiaiaue i?aai ii ianoo naiaai o/aoa niioaaonoaothuoth
iaeiaiaoth aeaeea?aoeeth ia iicaeiaa 20-ai /enea ianyoea, neaaeothuaai
ca enoaeoei iaeiaiaui ia?eiaeii. A yoio aea n?ie aeieaeia auoue
inouanoaeaia oieaoa IAeN, ?ann/eoaiiiai ii eoiaai aeaiiiai iaeiaiaiai
ia?eiaea.

Iaeiaiaay noaaea i?aaenoaaeyao niaie aaee/eio iaeiaiauo ia/eneaiee ia
aaeeieoeo ecia?aiey iaeiaiaie aacu. Noaoueae 164 i?aaeoniio?aii iyoue
noaaie IAeN, ec ieo aeaa – oae iacuaaaiua ?an/aoiua noaaee e iaeia –
ioeaaay. Ana noaaee IAeN yaeythony i?ioeaioiuie (iaiin?aaenoaaiii
oeacaiiuie a caeiiiaeaoaeueiii aeoa – IE ?O).

Iaeiaeaiea ii ioeaaie noaaea i?eiaiyaony i?e ?aaeecaoeee:

– oiaa?ia, iiiauaiiuo iiae oaiiaeaiiue ?aaeei yenii?oa i?e oneiaee eo
oaeoe/aneiai auaica ca i?aaeaeu oaiiaeaiiie oa??eoi?ee ?inneeneie
Oaaea?aoeee. Niaeanii noaouea 97 OE ?O yenii?o oiaa?ia – oaiiaeaiiue
?aaeei, i?e eioi?ii oiaa?u auaicyony ca i?aaeaeu oaiiaeaiiie oa??eoi?ee
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee aac iaycaoaeuenoaa ia eo aaica ia yoo
oa??eoi?eth.

Yoi iiaeoaa?aeaeaaony Iinoaiiaeaieai Oaaea?aeueiiai a?aeo?aaeiiai noaea
Aieai-Ayoneiai ie?oaa io 15 oaa?aey 2002 a. ? A11-1762/2001-E2-915. III
“Oeioaoiii?iaeoeo” ia?aoeeinue A?aeo?aaeiue noae Aeaaeeie?neie iaeanoe n
eneii i i?eciaiee iaaeaenoaeoaeueiui ?aoaiey io 31.01.01 Einiaeoeee IIN
?O ii O?oicaineiio ?aeiio a.Aeaaeeie?a.

?aoaieai io 11.10.01 eneiaua o?aaiaaiey oaeiaeaoai?aiu.

Ia niaeaneaoenue n auaiaeaie noaea, Einiaeoeey IIN ?O ii O?oicaineiio
?aeiio a.Aeaaeeie?a iaaeaeiaaea i?eiyoia ?aoaiea e iinoaiiaeaiea a
Oaaea?aeueiue a?aeo?aaeiue noae Aieai-Ayoneiai ie?oaa ni nnueeie ia
iai?aaeeueiia i?eiaiaiea iiaeioieoa “a” ioieoa1 no.5 Caeiia ?O “I IAeN”.

Eae neaaeoao ec iaoa?eaeia aeaea, ia iniiaaiee ?aoaiee io 24.07.2000 e
18.10.2000, i?iaaaeaia Iaeiaiaay i?iaa?ea III “Oeioaoiii?iaeoeo”, ii
?acoeueoaoai eioi?ie ninoaaeai aeo io 09.01.01 ?7 e auianaii ?aoaiea io
31.01.01 ?3 i i?eaea/aiee III “Oeioaoiii?iaeoeo” ca niaa?oaiea
iaeiaiaiai i?aaiia?ooaiey e ioaaonoaaiiinoe, i?aaeoniio?aiiie ioieoii 1
no.122 IE ?O.

A ?aoaiee io 31.01.01 ?3 e Aeoa iaeiaiaie i?iaa?ee io 09.01.01 ?7
oeacaii ia aaeeinoaaiiia i?aaiia?ooaiea – “Iaiieioth oieaoo IAeN, a
?acoeueoaoa caieaeaiey iaeiaiaie aacu”.

Eae oeacaii a iienaoaeueiie /anoe ?aoaiey io 31.01.01 ?3, III
“Oeioaoiii?iaeoeo” iaiainiiaaiii cayaeaia eueaioa ii iaeiao ia
aeiaaaeaiioth noieiinoue ii ?aaeecaoeee iacooa ia?ee I-100; oaiiaeaiiua
aeaeea?aoeee ia ioa?oceo iacooa ia?ee I-100 ia yenii?o; auienea aaiea,
iiaeoaa?aeaeathuay oaeoe/aneia iinooieaiea au?o/ee io ?aaeecaoeee iacooa
ia?ee I-100 eiino?aiiiio eeoeo.

Iinooieaoay ia n/ao i?aaei?eyoey noiia 66 015 292 ?oaey ii?aaeaeaia
iaeiaiaie einiaeoeeae eae au?o/ea io ?aaeecaoeee iacooa ia?ee I-100 e ia
oa??eoi?ee ?O yaeyaony iauaeoii iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey, n eioi?iai enooeii ia
en/eneai IAeN. Ii iiaiea i?iaa?ythueo oneoae eiienneiia?a ii yenii?oo
iaiainiiaaiii ioianaiu ia ecaea?aeee ia?auaiey, a oiea/aiiay i?e yoii
noiia IAeN iai?aaiia?ii i?aaeuyaeaia e ca/aoo.

I?eciaaay ?aoaiea iaeiaiaiai i?aaia iaaeaenoaeoaeueiui, noae enoiaeee ec
ia aeieacaiiinoe oaeoa ?aaeecaoeee i?aaei?eyoeai iacooa oiii/iie ia?ee
I-100 ia oa??eoi?ee ?O e, eae neaaenoaea, oaeoa naiiai iaeiaiaiai
i?aaiia?ooaiey, a nayce n /ai eniieueciaaiea iaeiaiaie eueaiou ii
iiaeioieoo “a” ioieoa 1 no.5 OC ?O “I IAeN” i?eciaii iaiainiiaaiiui.

A niioaaonoaee n iiaeioieoii “a” ioieoa 1 no.5 OC ?O “I IAeN” (n
eciaiaieyie e aeiiieiaieyie) io iaeiaa ia aeiaaaeaiioth noieiinoue
inaiaiaeaeathony yenii?oe?oaiua oiaa?u eae nianoaaiiiai i?iecaiaenoaa
oae e i?eia?aoaiiua, yenii?oe?oaiua ?aaiou e oneoae, a oaeaea oneoae ii
o?ainii?oe?iaea, iia?ocea, ?aca?ocea, ia?aa?ocea yenii?oe?oaiuo oiaa?ia
e ii o?aiceoo eiino?aiiuo a?ocia /a?ac oa??eoi?eth ?O.

Niaeanii no.97 OE ?O yenii?o oiaa?ia – oaiiaeaiiue ?aaeei, i?e eioi?ii
oiaa?u auaicyony ca i?aaeaeu oaiiaeaiiue oa??eoi?ee ?O aac
iaycaoaeuenoaa ia eo auaica ia yoo oa??eoi?eth.

Neaaeiaaoaeueii, i?eciaeii yenii?oa oiaa?ia yaeyaony oaeoe/aneia
ia?ana/aiea a?ocii a?aieoeu ?O.

O/eouaay eceiaeaiiua ianoiyoaeuenoaa, A?aeo?aaeiue noae Aeaaeeie?neie
iaeanoe naeaeae iainiiaaiiue auaiae i iaee/ee o i?aaei?eyoey i?aaa ia
yenii?oioth eueaioo e oaeiaeaoai?ee ene, ia ia?ooea i?e yoii ii?i
iaoa?eaeueiiai e i?ioeannoaeueiiai i?aaa.

I?e auionea oiaa?ia a oaiiaeaiiii ?aaeeia yenii?oa oiaa?u aeieaeiu auoue
auaacaiu ca i?aaeaeu oaiiaeaiiie oa??eoi?ee ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee a oii
aea ninoiyiee, a eioi?ii iie auee ia aeaiue i?eiyoey oaiiaeaiiie
aeaeea?aoeee, e?iia eciaiaiee ninoiyiey oiaa?ia aneaaenoaea
anoanoaaiiiai eciina eee oauee i?e ii?iaeueiuo oneiaeyo o?ainii?oe?iaee
e o?aiaiey. Iiiauaaiua iiae oaiiaeaiiue ?aaeei yenii?oa oiaa?u
iiaeeaaeao aeaeea?e?iaaieth e oaiiaeaiiiio ioi?ieaieth a iauai ii?yaeea.

– ?aaio (oneoa), iaiin?aaenoaaiii naycaiiuo n i?iecaiaenoaii e
?aaeecaoeeae oiaa?ia, oeacaiiuo a iiaei.1 i.1 no.164. Iaeia ec oaeeo
oneoa – o?aiaiea a ii?neeo e ?a/iuo ii?oao oiaa?ia, iiiauaiiuo
oaiiaeaiiuie i?aaiaie iiae oaiiaeaiiue ?aaeei yenii?oa, aei eo
oaeoe/aneiai auaica ii?neei eee ?a/iui o?ainii?oii ca i?aaeaeu
oaiiaeaiiie oa??eoi?ee ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee (ienueii AOE ?O io 17
aeaeaa?y 1998 a. N 01-15/26668);

– ?aaio (oneoa), iaiin?aaenoaaiii naycaiiuo n ia?aaiceie
(o?ainii?oe?iaeie) /a?ac oaiiaeaiioth oa??eoi?eth ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee
oiaa?ia, iiiauaiiuo iiae oaiiaeaiiue ?aaeei o?aiceoa. Oaeiauie
yaeythony, a /anoiinoe, ?aaiou (oneoae) ii yeniaaee?iaaieth, iia?ocea,
?aca?ocea, ia?aa?ocea o?aiceoiuo oiaa?ia.

– i?e iieo/aiee au?o/ee ca ia?aaicee yenii?oiuo a?ocia a ?oaeyo ia
aeaeaciuo aei?iaao ioi?aaeaiey:

a) auienee aaiea, iiaeoaa?aeaeathuea oaeoe/aneia iinooieaiea au?o/ee ca
ieacaiiua oneoae ii o?ainii?oe?iaea yenii?oiuo a?ocia ia n/ao aeaeaciie
aei?iae, ca?aaeno?e?iaaiiue a iaeiaiauo i?aaiao;

a) eiiee aaeeiuo iaaeaeoia?iaeiuo ia?aaici/iuo aeieoiaioia,
ii?aaeaeythueo ia?o?oo ia?aaicee n oeacaieai no?aiu iacia/aiey e
ioiaoeaie, /oi a?oc ia?aaiceony a ?aaeeia “yenii?o oiaa?ia”;

a) i?e auaica yenii?oe?oaiuo oiaa?ia noaeaie /a?ac ii?neea ii?ou eiiee
ia?aaici/iuo aeieoiaioia aioo?aiiaai niiauaiey n oeacaieai no?aiu
iacia/aiey e ioiaoeie i oii, /oi a?oc ia?aaiceony a ?aaeeia “yenii?o
oiaa?ia”, a oaeaea ioiaoeie ii?oa i i?eaia a?oca aeey aeaeueiaeoaai
yenii?oa;

– oneoa ii ia?aaicea iannaaee?ia e aaaaaea i?e oneiaee, /oi ioieo
ioi?aaeaiey eee ioieo iacia/aiey iannaaee?ia e aaaaaea ?aniieiaeaiu ca
i?aaeaeaie oa??eoi?ee ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee i?e ioi?ieaiee ia?aaicie ia
iniiaaiee aaeeiuo iaaeaeoia?iaeiuo ia?aaici/iuo aeieoiaioia;

– ?aaio (oneoa), auiieiyaiuo iaiin?aaenoaaiii a einie/aneii
i?ino?ainoaa, a oaeaea eiiieaena iiaeaioiaeoaeueiuo iacaiiuo ?aaio
(oneoa), oaoiieiae/anee iaoneiaeaiiiai e ia?ac?uaii naycaiiiai n
auiieiaieai ?aaio (ieacaieai oneoa) iaiin?aaenoaaiii a einie/aneii
i?ino?ainoaa;

– ae?aaioeaiiuo iaoaeeia iaeiaiieaoaeueueeaie, inouanoaeythueie eo
aeiau/o eee i?iecaiaenoai ec eiia e iooiaeia, niaea?aeaueo ae?aaioeaiiua
iaoaeeu, Ainoaea?noaaiiiio oiiaeo ae?aaioeaiiuo iaoaeeia e ae?aaioeaiiuo
eaiiae ?O, Oeaio?aeueiiio aaieo ?O, aaieai.

Aeaoa ?aaeecaoeee oiaa?ia (auiieiaiey ?aaio, ieacaiey oneoa)
ii?aaeaeyaony a caaeneiinoe io i?eiyoie iaeiaiieaoaeueueeii o/aoiie
iieeoeee aeey oeaeae iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey. A yoie nayce iaiaoiaeeii
?acee/aoue iauoth o/aoioth iieeoeeo i?aaiecaoeee e o/aoioth iieeoeeo
aeey oeaeae iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey.

Eciaiaiey o/aoiie iieeoeee ia aiae, neaaeothuee ca io/aoiui,
iauyaeythony a iiynieoaeueiie caienea a aooaaeoa?neie io/aoiinoe
i?aaiecaoeee.

O/aoiay iieeoeea aeey oeaeae iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey iiaeao iniiauaaoueny ia:

a) aeaoa aicieeiiaaiey iaycaiiinoe ii oieaoa iaeiaa ii ia?a ioa?ocee e
i?aaeuyaeaiey iieoiaoaeth ?an/aoiuo aeieoiaioia;

a) aeaoa aicieeiiaaiey iaycaiiinoe ii oieaoa iaeiaa ii ia?a iinooieaiey
aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa (iiaei.1, 2 i.1 no.167 IE ?O).

I?e ?aaeecaoeee ?yaea oiaa?ia (?aaio, oneoa), a ioiioaiee eioi?uo
i?eiaiyaony ioeaaay noaaea IAeN, aeaoa eo ?aaeecaoeee ii?aaeaeyaony eae
iaeaieaa ?aiiyy ec neaaeothueo aeao:

iineaaeiee aeaiue ianyoea, a eioi?ii nia?aiu ana iaiaoiaeeiua
aeieoiaiou;

181-e aeaiue, n/eoay n aeaou iiiauaiey oiaa?ia iiae oaiiaeaiiua ?aaeeiu
yenii?oa e o?aiceoa.

A neo/aa, anee iaeiaiieaoaeueuee ia ?aoee, eaeie niinia ii?aaeaeaiey
aeaou ?aaeecaoeee oiaa?ia (?aaio, oneoa) ii aoaeao eniieueciaaoue aeey
oeaeae en/eneaiey e oieaou iaeiaa, oi i?eiaiyaony niinia ii?aaeaeaiey
aeaou ?aaeecaoeee, iniiauaathueeny ia aeaoa aicieeiiaaiey iaycaiiinoe ii
oieaoa iaeiaa ii ia?a ioa?ocee e i?aaeuyaeaiey iieoiaoaeth ?an/aoiuo
aeieoiaioia.

En/eneaiiay noiia iaeiaa iiaeao auoue oiaiueoaia iin?aaenoaii iaeiaiauo
au/aoia. Iaeiaiaua au/aou yaeythony iaeiei ec n?aaenoa ?aaeecaoeee
i?eioeeia iaeiie?aoiinoe iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey, niaeanii eioi?iio iaeei e oio
aea iauaeo iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey aeieaeai iaeaaaoueny iaeiaii oieueei iaeei
?ac.

A niioaaonoaee n i.2-8 noaouee 171 au/aou aeiioneathony eeoue a
ioiioaiee noii IAeN, aceiaaiuo n ii?aaeaeaiiiai ia?a/iy iauaeoia. A
/anoiinoe, au/aoai iiaeeaaeao noiiu IAeN, oiea/aiiua i?e i?eia?aoaiee
oiaa?ia (?aaio, oneoa) ia oa??eoi?ee ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee eee i?e
aaica oiaa?ia ia oaiiaeaiioth oa??eoi?eth ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee a
oaiiaeaiiuo ?aaeeiao auionea aeey naiaiaeiiai ia?auaiey (ae.4 OE ?O),
a?aiaiiiai aaica (ae.11 OE ?O) e ia?a?aaioee aia oaiiaeaiiie oa??eoi?ee,
o?aaoee?iaaiiiai ae.13 OE ?O (i.2 no.171). I?e/ai aeaiiia iieiaeaiea
?ani?ino?aiyaony eneeth/eoaeueii ia oiaa?u (?aaiou, oneoae),
i?eia?aoaaiua aeey inouanoaeaiey i?iecaiaenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe eee
eiuo iia?aoeee, n/eoathueony iauaeoii iaeiaeaiey IAeN (e?iia oiaa?ia,
oeacaiiuo a i.2 e 6 no.170 IE ?O), a oaeaea ia oiaa?u (?aaiou, oneoae),
i?eia?aoaaiua aeey ia?ai?iaeaaee.

Ioieoii 7 i?aaeoniao?eaathony au/aou noii iaeiaa, oiea/aiiua ii
?anoiaeai ia eiiaiaee?iaee e i?aaenoaaeoaeueneei ?anoiaeai, i?eieiaaiui
e au/aoo i?e en/eneaiee iaeiaa ia aeioiaeu i?aaiecaoeee. Au/eoaaiay
noiia IAeN ii?aaeaeyaony eae i?iecaaaeaiea noiiu ?anoiaeia aac o/aoa
iaeiaa n i?iaeaae e ?an/aoiie iaeiaiaie noaaee, ninoaaeythuae 16,67%.
I?e ionoonoaee aeieoiaioia, iiaeoaa?aeaeathueo i?iecaaaeaiiua ?anoiaeu,
i?e ?an/aoa eniieuecothony onoaiiaeaiiua caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii ii?iu ia
oeacaiiua ?anoiaeu.

A noaouea 172 i?iienai ii?yaeie i?eiaiaiey iaeiaiauo au/aoia.

I?eiaieoaeueii e ia?aioeaiea eiouanoaa (i.2 no.172) neaaeoao ia?aoeoueny
e ienueio IIN ?O io 17 ai?aey 2000 a. N AA-6-02/288, eioi?ui
onoaiiaeaii, /oi a niioaaonoaee n Iieiaeaieai ii aooaaeoa?neiio o/aoo
“O/ao iniiaiuo n?aaenoa”, ooaa?aeaeaiiui I?eeacii Ieioeia ?O io 3
naioya?y 1997 a. N 65i (i.3.6), i?aaiecaoeey eiaao i?aai ia /aua iaeiiai
?aca a aiae (ia ia/aei io/aoiiai aiaea) ia?aioeaieaaoue iauaeou iniiaiuo
n?aaenoa ii ainnoaiiaeoaeueiie noieiinoe iooai eiaeaenaoeee eee i?yiiai
ia?an/aoa ii aeieoiaioaeueii iiaeoaa?aeaeaiiui ?uii/iui oeaiai n
ioianaieai aicieeathueo ?acieoeu ia aeiaaai/iue eaieoae i?aaiecaoeee.

Ia iniiaaiee ienueia Ieiyeiiiieee ?O io 6 yiaa?y 2000 a. N IA-6/6-17 i?e
ia/eneaiee aii?oecaoeeiiiuo io/eneaiee, iiaeeaaeaueo aeeth/aieth a
naaanoieiinoue i?iaeoeoeee (?aaio, oneoa), iaiaoiaeeii
?oeiaiaenoaiaaoueny aaeeiuie ii?iaie aii?oecaoeeiiiuo io/eneaiee ia
iieiia ainnoaiiaeaiea iniiaiuo oiiaeia ia?iaeiiai oicyenoaa NNN?,
ooaa?aeaeaiiuie Iinoaiiaeaieai Niaaoa Ieieno?ia NNN? io 22 ieoya?y 1990
a. N 1072, (Nia?aiea iinoaiiaeaiee I?aaeoaeuenoaa NNN?, 1990, N 30,
no.140). Iieiaeaiea i ii?yaeea ia/eneaiey aii?oecaoeeiiiuo io/eneaiee ii
iniiaiui oiiaeai a ia?iaeiii oicyenoaa auei ooaa?aeaeaii 29 aeaeaa?y
1990 a. Iii ?aaeaiaioe?oao ii?yaeie ia/eneaiey aii?oecaoeeiiiuo
io/eneaiee e i?eiaiyaony a /anoe, ia i?ioeai?a/auae aeaenoaothuaio
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoao ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee.

Caeiiiaeaoaeue i?aaeoniao?eaaao aiciauaiea (ca/ao, aica?ao)
iieiaeeoaeueiie ?acieoeu iaaeaeo noiiie iaeiaiauo au/aoia e iauae noiiie
IAeN, en/eneaiiie ii iia?aoeeyi, i?eciaaaaiui iauaeoii iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey
(iiaei.1, 2 i.1 no.146 IE ?O).

Ca/ao noii IAeN inouanoaeyaony iaeiaiauie i?aaiaie naiinoiyoaeueii, a ii
iaeiaai, oiea/eaaaiui a nayce n ia?aiauaieai oiaa?ia /a?ac oaiiaeaiioth
a?aieoeo ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee, ii niaeaniaaieth n oaiiaeaiiuie
i?aaiaie.

Aica?ao noii IAeN i?iecaiaeeony ii ienueiaiiiio cayaeaieth
iaeiaiieaoaeueueea. ?aoaiea i aica?aoa i?eieiaaony iaeiaiaui i?aaiii, a
nianoaaiii aica?ao inouanoaeyaony i?aaiaie oaaea?aeueiiai eacia/aenoaa a
niioaaonoaee n ae.25 Athaeaeaoiiai eiaeaena ?O.

2. I?iaeaiu en/eneaiee e oieaou IAeN.

2.1. I?iaeaiu aiciauaiey IAeN i?e yenii?oa.

Aeooaeueiinoue aeaiiie i?iaeaiu ii?aaeaeyaony iaaethaeaaiui ca
iineaaeiee aiae ao?iui ?inoii iauaiia aiciauaiey e, aeaaiia, o?aaiaaiee
ii aiciauaieth IAeN ii yenii?oiui iia?aoeeyi. Oae, ii aeaiiui IIN ?innee
e Ieioeia ?innee, ca 6 ianyoeaa 2001 a. ii n?aaiaieth n oai aea
ia?eiaeii 2000a. ?ino aiciauaiey ninoaaee 4,2 ?aca e ?ino cayaie ia
aiciauaiea – 1,8 ?aca i?e oii, /oi oaii i?e?inoa oece/aneiai iauaia
yenii?oa ninoaaee iaiaa 9% e i?e?ino oeai i?iecaiaeeoaeae – ieiei 20%. E
anee /anoue ?inoa iauaiia aiciauaiey a eaeie-oi ia?a aua iiaeii
iauynieoue cia/eoaeueiuie caaea?aeeaie aiciauaiey, eiaaoeie ianoi a
i?ioeii, oi ioia/aiiue ?ino o?aaiaaiee ii aiciauaieth IAeN iaeuecy
iauynieoue ieeaeeie iauaeoeaiuie i?e/eiaie.

I?e yoii, ii aeaiiui IAAe ?innee, a 2000 – 2001 aa. iaaethaeaaony ?ino
/enea i?anooieaiee, naycaiiuo n aiciauaieai IAeN i?e yenii?oa.

Aeooaeueiinoue yoie oaiu iniaaiii aic?anoaao a nayce n ia?aoiaeii n 1
ethey 2001 a. e oieaoa IAeN i?e yenii?oa a no?aiu NIA ii i?eioeeio
no?aiu-iacia/aiey a ?aieao ciiu naiaiaeiie oi?aiaee a oneiaeyo
ionoonoaey iaono?iaiiuo a?aieoe yoi ni?iaioee?oao oaaee/aiey
oaaea?aeueiiai athaeaeaoa.

I?iaeaia aiciauaiey IAeN i?e yenii?oa ii?iaeaeaaony i?iaeaiie oeeiiaiey
iaeiaiieaoaeueueeia io oieaou IAeN i?e iia?aoeeyo ia aioo?aiiai ?uiea.
Niaeanii i?eioeeiai iino?iaiey iaeiaa ia aeiaaaeaiioth noieiinoue,
aiciauaiea IAeN i?e yenii?oa inouanoaeyaony aeey ecaaaeaiey aeaieiiai
iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey n oeaeueth iaania/aiey eiieo?aioiniiniaiinoe
yenii?oe?oaiuo oiaa?ia.

Oaeoe/anee aeaiiay iia?aoeey yaeyaony ne?uoie noaneaeeae yenii?oa.
Iineieueeo iniiao ?inneeneiai yenii?oa ninoaaeytho oiaa?u n ieceie
aeiaaaeaiiie noieiinoueth (nu?ueaaua e yia?aaoe/aneea ?ano?nu), oi
oaeay nenoaia iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey yenii?o??ia eneonnoaaiii iiaeaea?aeeaaao
nu?ueaaoth i?eaioaoeeth yeiiiieee. I?e i?eia?aoaiee oiaa?ia IAeN
neaaeoao aeeth/aoue a naaanoieiinoue i?iaeoeoeee. Yoi iicaieeo
ioeacaoueny io aiciauaiey ec athaeaeaoa iaeiaa yenii?o??ai,
i?iecaiaeyuei oiaa?u n ieceie aeiaaaeaiiie noieiinoueth. Oioy oaeay
iaeiaiaay iieeoeea i?eaaaeao e nie?auaieth i?eauee, a eiia/iii eoiaa
athaeaeao niiaeao iieo/eoue io yenii?o??ia a 5-10 ?ac aieueoa
aeiiieieoaeueiiai aeioiaea. I?e yoii nouanoaothuee ii?yaeie aiciauaiey
IAeN yenii?oa?ia, i?iecaiaeyueo oiaa?u n aunieie aeiaaaeaiiie
noieiinoueth, iiaeii ia iaiyoue.

I?e yoii i?aaeiieaaaaony, /oi ia anao noaaeeyo nicaeaiey aeiaaaeaiiie
noieiinoe oiaa?a niioaaonoaothuea noiiu IAeN oiea/eaathony a athaeaeao.
Iiyoiio i?iaeai n aiciauaieai IAeN yenii?oa?ai a oai?ee ia aicieeaao.
Ainoaea?noai aica?auaao oi, /oi auei oaea oiea/aii.

Ia i?aeoeea ainoaea?noai ia iiaeao iaania/eoue a iieiii iauaia oieaoo
IAeN a athaeaeao oiiiyioouie iinoaaueeaie e i?aaeoanoaothueie ei ii
oaoiieiae/aneei oeaii/eai iinoaaueeia oe?iaie. Yoi naycaii n oai, /oi
eiee/anoai o/anoieeia e neiaeiinoue no?oeoo?u yenii?oiuo oeaii/ae ie/ai
ia ia?aie/aii. Iaeiie ec iniaaiiinoae noaiu yaeyaony oi, /oi
caeiiiaeaoaeueii ia onoaiiaeaia iaycaiiinoue ia?a/eneaiey noii IAeN a
athaeaeao eae iaeiiai ec oneiaee aeey aica?aoa yoie noiiu yenii?oa?o.
N?aaee ieo iiaoo auoue oe?iu, eiathuea eueaiou, iieacuaathuea i?e?ino
iaaeieiee eee ?ano?oeoo?ece?othuea caaeieaeaiiinoue, eeai iiaenoaaiua
“iaeiiaeiaaee”, a eioi?ua n iiiiuueth o?ainoa?oiiai oeaiiia?aciaaiey
ia?aiineony iaeiaiiaeaaaaiay aaca, a aeaiueae i?inoi iaiaee/eaathony eee
n iiiiuueth aaenaeueiuo noai ia?aaiaeyony a ae?oaea eiiiaiee. A
?acoeueoaoa, neeaaeuaaaony neooaoeey, eiaaea e aiciauaieth ec athaeaeaoa
i?aaeuyaeythony noiiu, i?aauoathuea iauai IAeN, oiea/aiiue a athaeaeao e
anao noaaeeyo nicaeaiey yenii?oe?oaiiai oiaa?a.

Anoue e ae?oaea noaiu auea/eaaiey aeaiaa ec athaeaeaoa. Iaeiaei
nouanoaiaaee iie ia anaaaea eee ianooaau iooiea n?aaenoa ec athaeaeaoa
auee ia noieue eaoano?ioe/iuie. Oae, aei 01 yiaa?y 1996a. Caeiiii i IAeN
niaea?aeaeinue iieiaeaiea, a niioaaonoaee n eioi?ui i?aoaiaeiaaoue ia
aica?ao IAeN iiaei oieueei iaiin?aaenoaaiii i?aaei?eyoea-ecaioiaeoaeue
yenii?oiuo oiaa?ia. Caoai a caeii auei aianaii aeiiieiaiea, iicaieythuaa
cayaeyoue aica?aoiue IAeN ia oieueei i?iecaiaeeoaeth, ii e iin?aaeieeo
ethaie i/a?aaee. Io IAeN noaee inaiaiaeaeaoueny “yenii?oiua” oiaa?u eae
nianoaaiiiai i?iecaiaenoaa, oae e i?eia?aoaiiua…

Aeaeeony, /oi oioy au /anoe/iia ?aoaiea aeaiiie i?iaeaiu aiciiaeii ca
n/?o aica?aoa e ?aiaa nouanoaiaaaoei oi?ioee?iaeai Caeiia i IAeN,
eioi?ia iaiaoiaeeii aini?iecaanoe a ae. 21 IE ?O.

Oioy aieaa i?aaeii/oeoaeueiui aeaeeony eiie aa?eaio: ia aica?ao iiaeao
i?aoaiaeiaaoue ethaie yenii?oa? oiaa?ia i?e oneiaee, /oi noiia IAeN,
?aiaa oiea/aiiay iinoaaueeo eee i?iecaiaeeoaeth, oaeoe/anee iinooieea a
athaeaeao.

Iaiaoiaeeii ioiaoeoue, /oi i?iaeaiu n aiciauaieai IAeN i?e yenii?oa
nouanoaoao ai anao no?aiao, aaea ooieoeeiie?oao IAeN e oieaoa
inouanoaeyaony ii i?eioeeio no?aiu iacia/aiey, oi anoue athaeaeao no?aiu
i?ienoiaeaeaiey oiaa?a aiciauaao yenii?oa?o IAeN, eioi?ue ii oieaoee
naiei iinoaaueeai, a eiii?oa? oiea/eaaao IAeN a athaeaeao naiae no?aiu.
Oaeay nenoaia i?eiyoa, iai?eia?, a ?aieao AN’, aaea i?iaeaia n
aiciauaieai IAeN a iineaaeiaa a?aiy auoea ia iaeii ec ia?auo iano.

Caiaoei, /oi oaeaea eiaaony i?iaeaia inaaaeiyenii?oa e eaeayenii?oa, n
eioi?uie noaeeeaathony ana no?aiu. Iaeiaei e a yoeo neo/ayo /anoi (i?e
inaaaeiyenii?oa – i?aeoe/anee ana-aaea) i?enoonoaoao iaoieaoa IAeN ii
aioo?aiiei iia?aoeeyi.

*oi eanaaony ?innee, oi a 1999 a. e a ia/aea 2000 a. neiaeeeanue
neooaoeey, eiaaea i?aeoe/anee aaeeinoaaiiui n?aaenoaii nieaeaiey iioa?ue
athaeaeaoa, naycaiiuo n oeacaiiie i?iaeaiie. ?ani?ino?aieeanue i?aeoeea
oaeoe/anee iacaeiiiiai iooyaeaaiey auieaou aiciauaiey IAeN yenii?oa?ai
ia cia/eoaeueiua n?iee.

Ana yoi i?eaiaeeei e ecuyoeth cia/eoaeueiuo n?aaenoa ec iai?ioa
aeia?iniaanoiuo oe?i-yenii?oa?ia, /anoi yaeythueony iiae?acaeaeaieyie
e?oiiuo eioaa?e?iaaiiuo aecian no?oeoo?, eiathueo yenii?oioth
i?eaioaoeeth, e iuooeii oooaeoaei eo oeiainiaia ninoiyiea, a naith
i/a?aaeue, noeioee?oy e iaoieaoa iaeiaia.

Anoanoaaiii, ia yoie ii/aa aicieeee ?acee/iua “noaiu” aiciauaiey IAeN.
i?eia?aooea oi?io ioeaaeaiiiai aeciana n ?acaeoie eio?ano?oeoo?ie. N
na?aaeeiu 2000 a. ainoaea?noai ia/aei ioaeaaaoue aeieae ii aiciauaieth
IAeN, iaeiaei oeacaiiue aecian i?iaeieaeaao i?ioeaaoaoue. Ii ioeaieai
niaoeeaeenoia a 2001 a. iauai aiciauaiey IAeN ec oaaea?aeueiiai
athaeaeaoa iiaeao a aeaa ?aca i?aauneoue cia/aiea, caienaiiia a caeiia i
athaeaeaoa17.

Oaeia iieiaeaiea noaei aiciiaeiui ec-ca oiai, /oi i?aeoe/anee ai anao
neo/ayo aeieoiaiou yenii?oa?ia iaoiaeyony a iieiii ii?yaeea. Ii caeiio
iie ia iaycaiu ioaa/aoue ca naieo iinoaaueeia. Iiyoiio ainoaea?noao
iaiaoiaeeii aeieacaoue a noaea oaeo naiai?a yenii?oa?a n iinoaaueeaie e
noaiinoaaueeaie a neo/aa, anee iineaaeiea ia oieaoeee IAeN a athaeaeao.
Yoi nii?yaeaii n ia?iiiuie o?oaeiinoyie, a oii /enea oeiainiaiai
oa?aeoa?a. Anee iinoaaueeaie e noaiinoaaueeaie yaeythony aiieia
eaaaeueiua oe?iu, oi iie iiaoo i?inoi iieacuaaoue oaaee/aiea naiae
iaeiaiaie iaaeieiee a athaeaeao eee eiaoue eueaiou. Anee aea
oi?iaeueiuie iinoaaueeaie yaeythony oe?iu-iaeiiaeiaaee, oi eo
iaaiciiaeii aeaaea iaeoe. E?iia oiai, aeeeia oeaii/ae iinoaaueeia ie/ai
ia ia?aie/aia e iiaeao en/eneyoueny aeanyoeaie. Ie ca eaeia ?acoiiia
a?aiy anao eo i?iaa?eoue ia oaeanony. Iiyoiio athaeaeao auioaeaeai
auiea/eaaoue ia oieueei anth noiio i?aaeuyaeaiiiai e aiciauaieth IAeN,
ii e naieoeee ca i?in?i/eo.

Iiyoiio n iiiiuueth iooyaeaaiey iiiaioa auieaou IAeN i?iaeaiu
ainoaea?noaa i?eioeeieaeueii ?aoeoue iaeuecy. O ethaiai yenii?oa?a
anaaaea inoaaony aiciiaeiinoue ia?aoeoueny a noae, e anoue iianiinoue,
/oi yoi i?eia?aoao ianniaue oa?aeoa?. Ii e?aeiae ia?a, a 2001 a. oaea
cia/eoaeueiue iauai aiciauaiey IAeN inouanoaeyaony ia iniiaaiee
noaeaaiuo ?aoaiee.

Oaeei ia?acii, aeey yooaeoeaiiai ?aoaiey i?iaeaiu n aiciauaieai IAeN
iaiaoiaeeii nicaeaoue oneiaey, i?e eioi?uo e aiciauaieth a i?eioeeia
iiaeao i?aaeuyaeyoueny oieueei iauai IAeN, eioi?ue oaea aue eee
aa?aioe?iaaiii aoaeao oiea/ai a athaeaeao ia anao noaaeeyo oi?ie?iaaiey
aeiaaaeaiiie noieiinoe yenii?oe?oaiiai i?iaeoeoa. Noaeaaiay i?aeoeea ia
yoio n/?o eiaao nai? iiaiea. Oaaea?aeueiui a?aeo?aaeiui noaeii
Aieai-Ayoneiai ie?oaa auei ?anniio?aia eannaoeeiiiay aeaeiaa Einiaeoeee
IIN ?O ii Ee?ianeiio ?aeiio ai?iaeo ss?ineaaeth i aica?aoa ec athaeaeaoa
43888 ?oaeae IAeN, iiaeeaaeauaai aiciauaieth.

Eae neaaeoao ec iaoa?eaeia aeaea, III “Ia?ia 2000” iinoaaeei ia yenii?o
ieeiiaoa?eae, i?eia?aoaiiue o ianeieueeeo ?inneeneeo i?aaei?eyoee.
Iauanoai i?aaenoaaeei a Einiaeoeeth IIN ?O ii Ee?ianeiio ?aeiio ai?iaea
ss?ineaaey iaeiaiaoth aeaeea?aoeeth ii IAeN ca aoi?ie eaa?oae 2000 aiaea
ii yenii?oiui iia?aoeeyi, a eioi?ii iiaeeaaeauay aiciauaieth ec
athaeaeaoa noiia iaeiaa ninoaaeea 51456 ?oaeae 65 eiiaae.

Iinea i?iaaae?iiuo Einiaeoeeae ano?a/iuo i?iaa?ie Iauanoao aiciauaiu
7569 ?oaeae. A aiciauaiee inoaeueiie noiiu ioeacaii a nayce n ia
iiaeoaa?aeaeaieai oaeoia ia?a/eneaiey a athaeaeao iaeiaia neaaeothueie
iinoaaueeaie ieeiiaoa?eaeia: III “Yneaoi?” io/aoiinoue a iaeiaiaua
i?aaiu ii ianoo ?aaeno?aoeee ai?iaea Iiaeieuenea Iineianeie iaeanoe ia
i?aaeinoaaeyao e ii aae?ano , oeacaiiiio a o/?aaeeoaeueiuo aeieoiaioa,
ia iaoiaeeony; III “Eaoae”, ninoiyuaa ia iaeiaiaii o/?oa o ioaao/eea, ia
i?aaenoaaeyao io/aoiinoue ni aoi?iai eaa?oaea 2000 aiaea; a OII
“Ieoaeeianeia” ionoonoaoao n/?o-oaeoo?a io 15.06. 2000 ia noiio 4833
?oaeae ia ioione e?oaeiai eana a aae?an enooea.

Ia niaeaneaoenue n aeaenoaeyie iaeiaiaiai i?aaia, Iauanoai ia?aoeeinue a
noae.

Oaeiaeaoai?yy eneiaua o?aaiaaiey, A?aeo?aaeiue noae ss?ineaaneie
iaeanoe, ?oeiaiaenoaoynue i.i “a” i.1 no.5,i.3 no.7 Caeiia ?O “I iaeiaa
ia aeiaaaeaiioth noieiinoue” enoiaeee ec oiai, /oi aeaenoaothuaa
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai ia niaea?aeeo iieiaeaiee ia iaycaoaeueiie oieaoa IAeN
a athaeaeao iinoaaueeii eae oneiaee aiciauaiey yoiai iaeiaa iieoiaoaeyi.

?anniio?aa eannaoeeiiioth aeaeiao, Oaaea?aeueiue a?aeo?aaeiue noae
Aieai-Ayoneiai ie?oaa ia iaoae iniiaaiee aeey ioiaiu noaeaaiiai aeoa,
enoiaey ec neaaeothuaai.

A niioaaonoaee i.3 no.7 Caeiia ?O “I iaeiaa ia aeiaaaeaiioth noieiinoue”
a neo/aa i?aauoaiey noii iaeiaa ii oiaa?ii – iaoa?eaeueiui oeaiiinoyi,
noieiinoue eioi?uo oaeoe/anee ioianaia(nienaia) ia ecaea?aeee
i?iecaiaenoaa e ia?auaiey, a oaeaea ii iniiaiui n?aaenoaai e
iaiaoa?eaeueiui aeoeaai, iaae noiiaie iaeiaa, en/eneaiiuie ii
?aaeecaoeee oiaa?ia( ?aaio, oneoa), aicieeathuay ?acieoea can/eouaaaony
a n/ao i?aaenoiyueo ieaoaaeae eee aiciauaaony ca n/ao iaueo ieaoaaeae a
aeanyoeaeiaaiue n?ie ni aeiy iieo/aiey ?an/aoa ca niioaaonoaothuee
io/aoiue ia?eiae. Aiaeiae/iue ii?yaeie ca/aoa eee aiciauaiey noii
iaeiaa, oiea/aiiuo iinoaaueeai, i?eiaiyaony i?e ?aaeecaoeee oiaa?ia(
?aaio, oneoa), inaiaiaeaeaiiuo io iaeiaa a niioaaonoaee n i.i. “a” i.1
no.5 aeaiiiai Caeiia, o.a. yenii?oe?oaiuo ca i?aaeaeu ?O.

Oaeo auaica enooeii ieeiiaoa?eaeia ca i?aaeaeu ?O ia inia?eaaaony.

N?aaee oeacaiiuo caeiiiaeaoaeai oneiaee aeey aicieeiiaaiey i?aaa ia
aiciauaiea( ca/ao) noii IAeN ionoonoaoao oaeia oneiaea, eae oaeoe/aneia
aianaiea i?iaeaaoeii a athaeaeao noii yoiai iaeiaa, iinooieaoeo io yoiai
iieoiaoaey, a ninoaaa iieoiiie oeaiu ca ?aaeeciaaiiua oiaa?u(?aaiou,
oneoae).

Caeiiiaeaoaeue ia aiceaaaao ia iieoiaoaey ooieoeeth eiio?iey ca
auiieiaieai i?iaeaaoeii iaycaiiinoae ii ia?a/eneaieth a athaeaeao
iieo/aiiuo noii IAeN ca ?aaeeciaaiiue oiaa? (?aaiou, oneoae).

N o/aoii eceiaeaiiiai A?aeo?aaeiue noae ss?ineaaneie iaeanoe ia iniiaa
ananoi?iiiaai, iieiiai e iauaeoeaiiai enneaaeiaaiey aeieacaoaeuenoa,
i?aaenoaaeaiiuo a aeaei, eioi?ua ia?aioeaiee a neeo no.174 AIE ?O
eannaoeeiiiie einoaioeeae ia iiaeeaaeao, i?aaiia?ii naeaeae auaiae i
iaiainiiaaiiinoe ioeaca Einiaeoeeae IIN ?O ii Ee?ianeiio ?aeiio
a.ss?ineaaey a aiciauaiee Iauanoao IAeN a noiia 43 888 ?oaeae.

?oeiaiaenoaoynue noaoueyie 174, 175 (i.1) 177 AIE ?O, Oaaea?aeueiue
a?aeo?aaeiue noae Aieai – Ayoneiai ie?oaa iinoaiiaee:

?aoaiea A?aeo?aaeiiai noaea ss?ineaaneie iaeanoe io 29. 11.01. ii aeaeo
?A82 – 11901.- A 6 inoaaeoue aac eciaiaiey, a eannaoeeiiioth aeaeiao
Einiaeoeee IIN ?O ii Ee?ianeiio ?aeiio ai?iaea ss?ineaaey – aac
oaeiaeaoai?aiey.

Oai?aoe/anee neooaoeeth, neiaeeaoothny n aiciauaieai IAeN ii yenii?oiui
iia?aoeeyi, iiaeii ioa?aeoa?eciaaoue eae “ieioia” ?aaiiaanea (“bad”
equilibrium). Yoa neooaoeey iinoiyiii aini?iecaiaeeony, oioy ia auaiaeia
ie ainoaea?noao, ie eaaaeueiui yenii?oa?ai.

Aeaenoaeoaeueii, a?oiiu i?aaei?eyoee, ?aaeueii i?iecaiaeyuea e
yenii?oe?othuea i?iaeoeoeeth, iinoiyiii ?eneotho iieo/eoue n aieueoie
caaea?aeeie eee aiana ia iieo/eoue io ainoaea?noaa /a?ac naiaai
yenii?oa?a aiciauaiea ii IAeN. Iiyoiio, o/eouaay ?ene aiciiaeiiai
iaieaoaaea ni noi?iiu ainoaea?noaa, yoe i?aaei?eyoey iiaoo i?eiyoue
?aoaiea eniieueciaaoue ?acee/iua “na?ua” noaiu, /oiau ia ieaoeoue
aioo?aiiee IAeN.

I?e yoii. iaeiaei, iioa?e aeia?iniaanoiuo yenii?o??ia ana ?aaii
aeinoaoi/ii aaeeee.

Ai-ia?auo, i?eieiay ?aoaiea ia ieaoeoue aioo?aiiee IAeN. oe?iu ana ?aaii
ianoo ecaea?aeee. oae eae ethaua noaiu oeeiiaiey io iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey
naycaiu n oieaoie iuooeiuo aeeneiioia. Ai-aoi?uo, ec-ca
“iieoeaaaeueiinoe” oeacaiiuo noai, oaaee/eaaaony caaeneiinoue yoeo oe?i
io e?eieiaeueiuo no?oeoo?, a oaeaea aic?anoatho ?enee, naycaiiua n
naieoeeyie ni noi?iiu eiio?iee?othueo i?aaiia. A-o?aoueeo, oiaiueoaaony
“i?ic?a/iinoue” aeciana, /oi iaaaoeaii neacuaaaony ia eieaeaea oaeeo
oe?i e a ?innee, e ca ?oaaaeii. Yoi, a naith i/a?aaeue, oneiaeiyao
i?eaea/aiea oeiainiauo n?aaenoa e eiaanoeoeee, /oi iniaaiii aeooaeueii
aeey e?oiiuo e ecaanoiuo ai anai ie?a eiiiaiee i?iecaiaeeoaeae
yenii?oiie i?iaeoeoeee.

A naith i/a?aaeue ainoaea?noai a iuiaoieo oneiaeyo n iiiiuueth
nouanoaothueo iaoiaeia iaeiaiaiai aaeieieno?e?iaaiey ia eiaao ?aaeueiie
aiciiaeiinoe a iieiii iauaia i?ieiio?iee?iaaoue (iaania/eoue) oieaoo
IAeN ia anao noaaeeyo i?iecaiaenoaa yenii?oe?oaiiai oiaa?a. A
?acoeueoaoa, i?e i?eiyoee ?aoaiey ii eiie?aoiiio yenii?oa?o ainoaea?noai
noaeeeaaaony n ?eneii aicianoeoue oi, /oi ia auei i?aaeaa?eoaeueii
oiea/aii, oi anoue iioa?youe athaeaeaoiua n?aaenoaa. Iiyoiio, aeaenoaoy
a ?aieao eiathueony athaeaeaoiuo ia?aie/aiee, ainoaea?noai i?eieiaao
aiieia ?aoeeiiaeueiia ?aoaiea iaeneiaeueii oneiaeieoue i?ioeaaeo?o
iieo/aiey aiciauaiey aeey anao yenii?oa?ia. Naiei niaianoiui I?eeacii
AOE e IIN io 21 aaaonoa 2001a. ?830/AA-3-06/299 iie aaiaeyo ?yae
iiaoanoa. Oae, n 16 iiya?y 2001a. aeey ioi?ieaiey oiaa?ia ia yenii?o
aeaeea?aio aeieaeai i?aaenoaaeoue a oaiiaeaiiue i?aai eiiee
n/aoia-oaeoo?, n/aoia-i?ioi?i, iieo/aiiuo i?aaiecaoeeae-nianoaaiieeii
yenii?oiuo oiaa?ia, n ioiaoeie i ?aaeno?aoeee aeaiiuo eiiee a iaeiaiauo
i?aaiao ii ianoo iinoaiiaee ia o/ao i?aaiecaoeee-nianoaaiieeia
yenii?oe?oaiuo oiaa?ia. Oaeei ia?acii, oaiiaeaiiua i?aaiu iieo/atho
aeinoiaa?ioth eioi?iaoeeth i noieiinoe oiaa?ia, a iaeiaiaua i?aaiu –
niiaoo ia/aoue i?iaa?eo cayaeaiiuo yenii?oa?ia naaaeaiee aei
oaiiaeaiiiai ioi?ieaiey. Ii iiaieth yenia?oia, i?aaeeaaaaiay noaia ia
cao?aaeaaao aeayoaeueiinoue aeia?iniaanoiuo yenii?oa?ia.

Oaeei ia?acii, a iieiii niioaaonoaee n eeanne/aneie iiaeaeueth “aeeeaiiu
caeeth/aiiuo” oi?ie?oaony “ieioia” ?aaiiaanea, ii?iaeaeaaiia acaeiiui
iaaeiaa?eai noi?ii. Naiaai ?iaea “einoeoooeeiiaeueiay eiaooea”.

Ec i?eaaaeaiiuo ?annoaeaeaiee neaaeoao, ?aoaiea i?iaeaiu naycaii n
oiaiueoaieai ?eneia acaeiiuo iaieaoaaeae. Oi/iaa, ainoaea?noai aeieaeii
aa?aioe?iaaoue iaiaaeeaiiia aiciauaiea IAeN i?e oneiaee, /oi yenii?oa?u
aa?aioe?otho oieaoo niioaaonoaothuaai IAeN a athaeaeao ia anao noaaeeyo
nicaeaiey yenii?oe?oaiiai oiaa?a.

A i?aaeeaaaaiii ?aoaiee anoue nouanoaaiiue iaaeinoaoie, oaeoe/anee
ia?aeeaaeuaay yenii?oa?ia ioaaonoaaiiinoue ca aeia?iniaanoiinoue anao
iinoaaueeia, aeanoe noaayo ia?aae ieie caaea/o, ?aoaiea eioi?ie iiea
naie ia iaoee.

Neaaeoao ioiaoeoue, /oi ainoaea?noaii i?eeaaaeenue oneeey aeey onei?aiey
aiciauaiey IAeN aeia?iniaanoiui yenii?oa?ai. Aeey yoiai, iai?eia?, aue
aaaaeai einoeooo oae iacuaaaiuo o?aaeeoeeiiiuo i?aaei?eyoee-yenii?oa?ia,
o?aaiaaiey e eioi?ui aeieaeiu iicaieeoue eiio?iee?othuei i?aaiai n
aieueoae iaaeaaeiinoueth ioianoe yoe i?aaei?eyoey e ?ac?yaeo
aeia?iniaanoiuo yenii?oa?ia, oai naiui oiaiueoeoue ?ene iaiainiiaaiiie
auieaou n?aaenoa ii aiciauaieth IAeN ec athaeaeaoa. E niaeaeaieth,
oeacaiiua o?aaiaaiey ia aa?aioe?otho oieaoo IAeN ia i?aaeoanoaothueo
noaaeeyo i?iecaiaenoaa yenii?oe?oaiiai oiaa?a.

I?aaenoaaeyaony, /oi ?ann/eouaaoue oieueei ia iuiaoiee a?naiae n?aaenoa
iaeiaiaiai aaeieieno?e?iaaiey aeey auno?iai ?aoaiey ianoaeaeaaiie
i?iaeaiu, iaeuecy. A ianoiyuaa a?aiy ca?aaeno?e?iaaii ieiei 3 iei.
iaeiaiieaoaeueueeia – th?eaee/aneeo eeoe e ieeeeiiu iaeiaiieaoaeueueeia
– oece/aneeo eeoe. Aeey inouanoaeaiey iieiioeaiiiai eiio?iey ca eo
aeayoaeueiinoueth ni noi?iiu niioaaonoaothueo eiio?iee?othueo i?aaiia
iaiaoiaeeii e?iia iieiioeaiiiai oeiaine?iaaiey oaeoueo ?anoiaeia
naeaeaoue aeiiieieoaeueii ia?iiiua eaieoaeueiua aeiaeaiey. A aeinoaoi/ii
ei?ioeea n?iee yoi inouanoaeoue iaaiciiaeii.

Aeey auno?iai e yooaeoeaiiai (a oii /enea ii oeiainiaui ecaea?aeeai)
?aoaiey i?iaeai, naycaiiuo n eiio?ieai ca aiciauaieai IAeN i?e
yenii?oiuo iia?aoeeyo, iaiaoiaeeii a ia?aoth i/a?aaeue iia?aoueny ia
oaea eiathueany ?uii/iua e ainoaea?noaaiiua einoeooou n o/aoii eo
?aaeueiie yooaeoeaiinoe. A /anoiinoe, iaeiei ec iaeaieaa ?acaeouo e
i?ia?anne?othueo yaeyaony einoeooo eiiia?/aneeo aaieia e Aaiea ?innee.
Yoio einoeooo oa?aeoa?ecoaony ioiineoaeueiie iieiioie iaiaoiaeeiie
caeiiiaeaoaeueiie aacu e aeinoaoi/ii nia?aiaiiie oaoie/aneie aacie.

I?e yoii aiciiaeiia ?aoaiea aeieaeii auoue, ai-ia?auo, ia auaiaeiui e
aeey ainoaea?noaa, e aeey aeciana, ai-aoi?uo, yoi aeieaeii auoue
i?aeoe/anee ?aaeecoaiui. Yoi icia/aao, /oi ieeaeeo i?eioeeieaeueiuo
i?aaiecaoeeiiiuo, oaoie/aneeo, a oaeaea nouanoaaiiuo oeiainiauo cao?ao
o?aaiaaoueny ia aeieaeii. Oi anoue ?aoaiea aeieaeii iuooeii oiaiueoaoue
iauanoaaiiua ecaea?aeee. N o/aoii neiaeeaoeony ?aaeee a ianoiyuaa a?aiy
yoi yaeyaony iaiaoiaeeiui oneiaeai i?aeoe/aneie ?aaeecaoeee ethaiai
?aoaiey.

Oaeei ia?acii, oaoie/anee caaea/a oi?ioee?oaony neaaeothuei ia?acii:

– ia anao noaaeeyo nicaeaiey yenii?oe?oaiiai oiaa?a o?aaoaony
i?aaeioa?aoeoue oaiae ec aaieianeie nenoaiu oiea/aiiiai iieoiaoaeyie
iinoaaueeai IAeN, i?e/ai aac aeiiieieoaeueiuo cao?ao ii iaeiaiaiio
aaeieieno?e?iaaieth;

– ia noaaeee aiciauaiey IAeN yenii?oa?ai eiio?iee?othuea i?aaiu aeieaeiu
eiaoue yooaeoeaiue (/aoeee e i?inoie) e?eoa?ee eeanneoeeaoeee cayaie
yenii?oa?ia ia i?aaeiao aa?aioe?iaaiiie oieaou IAeN ia i?aaeuaeoueo
noaaeeyo i?iecaiaenoaa yenii?oiie i?iaeoeoeee:

– ?aoaiea aeieaeii auoue auaiaeiui e aeey eaaaeueiiai aeia?iniaanoiiai
aeciana, e aeey ainoaea?noaa.

I?aaeeaaaaiia ?aoaiea” iinoaaeaiiie caaea/e caeeth/aaony a ei??aeoe?iaea
i?aaeea ooieoeeiie?iaaiey IAeN oae, /oiau, n iaeiie noi?iiu, iaeiaiaua e
ae?oaea eiio?iee?othuea i?aaiu iiaee iaania/eoue aaeieieno?e?iaaiea
iaeiaa (e. a /anoiinoe, i?aaeioa?auaoue oaiae IAeN /a?ac iiaenoaaiua
“iaeiiaeiaaiua” oe?iu), n ae?oaie noi?iiu, ethaua aeia?iniaanoiua
iaeiaiieaoaeueueee – i?iecaiaeeoaee e yenii?oa?u, ieacaeenue a aieaa
auaiaeiii iieiaeaiee, /ai iie iaoiaeyony nae/an. Oai naiui o
i?aaei?eyoee iiyaeony noeioe aeia?iaieueii neaaeiaaoue oeacaiiui iiaui
i?aaeeai e auoue aeia?iniaanoiuie iaeiaiieaoaeueueeaie.

Aeey oeaeae ?aoaiey iaoae caaea/e i?aaeeaaaaony eniieueciaaoue a
niaieoiiinoe nenoaio niaoeeaeueiuo aaieianeeo n/aoia aeey inouanoaeaiey
aeaeaeaiey n?aaenoa, naycaiiuo n ?an/aoaie ii IAeN, e niaoeeaeueiua
i?aaeea aiciauaiey IAeN.

A eiaiii: eaaeaeay i?aaiecaoeey eiaao i?aai ioe?uoue a naiai aaiea
ia?yaeo n ?an/aoiui n/aoii niaoeeaeueiue aaieianeee n/ao aeey ?an/aoia
ii IAeN (aeaeaa – niaoen/ao) ni neaaeothuei ?aaeeiii ooieoeeiie?iaaiey:

1) ia niaoen/ao iiaoo iinooiaoue n?aaenoaa

– a /anoe iieo/aiiiai IAeN ca ?aaeeciaaiiua i?aaiecaoeeae oiaa?u e
oneoae;

– n ?an/aoiiai n/aoa aeaiiie i?aaiecaoeee.

2) ni niaoen/aoa n?aaenoaa iiaoo nienuaaoueny ii ii?o/aieth i?aaiecaoeee

– ia aiaeiae/iua niaoen/aoa iinoaaueeia yoie i?aaiecaoeee;

a athaeaeao a ea/anoaa oieaou IAeN;

– ia ?an/aoiue n/ao i?aaiecaoeee a iauaia, ia i?aauoathuai
i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai iinooieaiey n?aaenoa n ?an/aoiiai n/aoa yoie
i?aaiecaoeee ia oeacaiiue niaoeeaeueiue n/ao.

Eniieiaiea ?aaeeia niaoen/aoa iaania/eaaao eiiia?/aneee aaie,
ianeoaeeaathuee aeaiioth i?aaiecaoeeth.

Aaiaeeony neaaeothuaa i?aaeei aiciauaiey IAeN:

a) onoaiaaeeaathony ieieiaeueiue e iaeneiaeueiue n?ie ?anniio?aiey
cayaee ia aiciauaiea IAeN. Ieieiaeueiue n?ie ii?aaeaeyaony a?aiaiai,
iaiaoiaeeiui aeey i?iaa?ee ?aaeueiinoe yenii?oa. Iaeneiaeueiue n?ie
ii?aaeaeyaony a?aiaiai i?iaa?ee ionoonoaey e?eieiaea a yeaiaioao
oeaii/ee i?iecaiaeeoaeae yenii?oe?oaiiai oiaa?a e nouanoaaiii i?aauoaao
ieieiaeueiue n?ie;

Caianoeoaeue ieieno?a oeiainia Oaoaeia N. aiai?eo i nio?aiaiee
aiciauaiey IAeN, ii oaaee/eoue n?ie aei 6 ianyoeaa ca yoio a?aiy
iaeiaiaua i?aaiu niiaoo i?iaa?eoue, aeaenoaeoaeueii ee aica?ao IAeN
aeieaeai auoue i?iecaaaeai.

Oaaee/aiea n?iea aica?aoa IAeN ii?aaeaeaiii oooaeoao iieiaeaiea
iaeiaiieaoaeueueeia. Iiiaea yenii?oa?u ?anoeaieaatho i?iaeeaiea n?iea
aica?aoa IAeN eae e?aaeeoa, auaeaiiue ainoaea?noao ia iieaiaea. Iiyoiio
iie, ia aic?aaeay a i?eioeeia i?ioea 6 ianyoeaa n?iea aiciauaiey, aiieia
?aciiii i?aaeeaaatho ainoaea?noao caieaoeoue oaeoe/anee ecuyoua o ieo
iai?ioiua n?aaenoaa eae ca e?aaeeo.

a) yenii?oa?ai, i?iecaiaeeaoei iieaoo IAeN naiei iinoaaueeai /a?ac
niaoen/aoa IAeN, e oai naiui oaeoe/anee aa?aioe?iaaaoei, /oi yoe
n?aaenoaa ?aiueoa eee iicaea aoaeoo oiea/aiu a athaeaeao, aiciauaiea
IAeN a iauaia, i?ioaaeoai /a?ac yoe n/aoa, inouanoaeyaony a oa/aiea
onoaiiaeaiiiai ieieiaeueiiai n?iea;

a) iaaeaeaiea yenii?oa?a eniieueciaaoue niaoen/aoa neaiaeece?oao i
aiciiaeiii iaee/ee “i?iaeai” n oieaoie IAeN (e ia oieueei). Iiyoiio aeey
yenii?oa?ia, ia iieiinoueth oieaoeaoeo IAeN iinoaaueeai /a?ac
niaoen/aoa. onoaiaaeeaaaony cia/eoaeueii aieaa aeanoeay i?ioeaaeo?a
auaea/e aiciauaiey.

Aaiaeeony iaycaoaeueiay “ouaoaeueiay” i?iaa?ea anao eiio?aeoia ia
i?aaeiao aiciiaeiiai naiai?a n oeaeueth iacaeiiiiai iieo/aiey aiciauaiey
IAeN ii oeaii/ea i?aaiecaoeee, naycaiiuo n oaie iinoaaueeaie
iaoa?eaeueiuo ?ano?nia, eioi?ui yenii?oa? oieaoee aanue eee /anoue IAeN
aac eniieueciaaiey niaoen/aoa. Yoa i?iaa?ea aeieaeia inouanoaeyoueny a
oa/aiea onoaiiaeaiiiai iaeneiaeueiiai n?iea e caeai/eaaoueny eeai
aiciauaieai IAeN ia ?aiaa eiioea iaeneiaeueiiai n?iea, eeai
aicaoaeaeaieai oaieiaiiai aeaea.

Ia iao acaeyae, iienaiiue iaoaieci ?aoaiey i?iaeaiu n aiciauaieai IAeN
i?e yenii?oa oaeiaeaoai?yao o?aaiaaieyi, noi?ioee?iaaiiui auoa. I?e yoii
iaiaoiaeeii ioiaoeoue neaaeothuaa.

Aiaae?aiea niaoen/aoia IAeN ia o?aaoao aaeieieno?aoeaiuo cao?ao.
Iaoaieci iniiauaaaony ia aeia?iaieueiinoe i?eiyoey ?aoaiey yenii?oa?aie
ia eniieueciaaiee niaoen/aoia aeey ?an/aoia ii IAeN ni naieie
iinoaaueeaie.

Iineieueeo iaoaieci auaiaeai aeia?iniaanoiui yenii?oa?ai, oi nicaeathony
yeiiiie/aneea noeioeu aeey oiai, /oiau iie naie o?aaiaaee io naieo
iinoaaueeia eniieueciaaoue n/aoa IAeN, a yoe i?aaiecaoeee, a naith
i/a?aaeue, – io naieo iinoaaueeia e o.ae. Oaeei ia?acii, ia o?aaoaony
niaoeeaeueiiai aaeieieno?aoeaiiai “iaaeeia” ia aeanyoee ouny/
i?aaei?eyoee, caaeaenoaiaaiiuo a i?iecaiaenoaa yenii?oiie i?iaeoeoeee, n
oeaeueth aiaae?aiey nenoaiu niaoen/aoia. Neaaeoao o/eouaaoue, /oi ia
i?aeoeea yenii?oa?u yaeythony, eae i?aaeei, caeeth/eoaeueiuie caaiueyie
aeinoaoi/ii neiaeiii?aaieciaaiiuo aecian no?oeoo?. A ?aieao yoeo aecian
– no?oeoo? ?aoaiea i oeaeaniia?aciinoe eee iaoeaeaniia?aciinoe ioe?uoey
niaoen/aoia aoaeao i?eieiaoueny oeaio?aeeciaaiii. A ianeieueei aeanyoeia
e?oiiaeoeo i?aaei?eyoee, a ia?aoth i/a?aaeue ioiinyueony e anoanoaaiiui
iiiiiieeyi, eioi?ua yaeythony iinoaaueeaie oiaa?ia e oneoa i?aeoe/anee
anao i?aaei?eyoee a no?aia, ainoaea?noai iiaeao iii?ineoue ioe?uoue
niaoen/noa. Yoi aoaeao aaniethoii caeiiii, iineieueeo ainoaea?noai
yaeyaony a yoeo i?aaiecaoeeyo, eae i?aaeei, eeth/aaui aeoeeiia?ii.

Yooaeoeaiinoue ?aaiou eiio?iee?othueo i?aaiia ?acei aic?anoao. Iiaeii
?ann/eouaaoue ia oi, /oi i?iecieaeao anoanoaaiiia ?acaeaeaiea
yenii?oa?ia e eo iinoaaueeia (oi/iaa i?iiuoeaiiuo a?oii, n eioi?uie, eae
i?aaeei, aooeee?iaaiu yenii?oa?u) ia oao, eoi eniieuecoao “ii?iaeueiua”
oi?iu ?an/aoia e ia/iao iieueciaaoueny n/aoaie IAeN, e oao, eoi
eniieuecoao ?acee/iua “niaoeeoe/aneea” noaiu, eiathuea oeaeueth, a
iniiaiii, oeeiiaiea io oieaou iaeiaia, e ia niiaeao eniieueciaaoue n/aoa
IAeN.

Ionoonoaea niaoen/aoa IAeN eee iaeue oaeaeueiue aan IAeN, i?ioaaeoee
/a?ac niaoen/ao, yaeyaony i/aiue i?inoui e yooaeoeaiui e?eoa?eai aeey
auyaeaiey “iiaeic?eoaeueiuo” (i?iaeaiiuo) iaeiaiieaoaeueueeia e
inouanoaeaiey i?iaa?ee eo aeayoaeueiinoe. Iiaeiaiua i?aaiecaoeee
iaiaaeeaiii iiiaaeoo a iiea c?aiey eiio?iee?othueo i?aaiia. I?e/ai
ieeaeeo iniauo cao?ao ia auyaeaiea oaeeo i?aaiecaoeee ia iio?aaoaony.
Iaoaieci iaeiaiaiai aaeieieno?e?iaaiey n eniieueciaaieai niaoen/aoia
iicaieyao ioneaaeeaaoue i?iaaaeaiea iia?aoeee a ?aaeeia, aeeceii e
?aaeeio “?aaeueiiai a?aiaie”. Iiyoiio eiio?iee?othuea i?aaiu niiaoo
i?aeoe/anee n?aco nin?aaeioi/eoueny ia i?iaa?ea eiaiii oao i?aaiecaoeee,
eioi?ua n iaeaieueoae aa?iyoiinoueth aeiioneatho ia?ooaiey e auyaeaiea
eioi?uo a ianoiyuaa a?aiy ii ?aciui i?e/eiai cao?oaeieoaeueii e o?aaoao
na?ueaciuo cao?ao. I?e yoii eioi?iaoeey ia yoeo i?aaiecaoeeyo iinoo-

ieo a eiio?iee?othuea i?aaiu caaeieai aei oiai, eae yenii?oa? ia?aoeony
ca aiciauaieai.

Noeioee?oaony ia?aoiae io eaaceaeaiaaeiuo e aaciaee/iui aeaiaaeiui
oi?iai iai?ioa a yeiiiieea. A ia/aeueiue ia?eiae /a?ac yoe niaoen/aoa
aoaeao i?ioiaeeoue IAeN, a iniiaiii naycaiiue n i?iecaiaenoaii
yenii?oiie i?iaeoeoeee. I?e yoii o yenii?oa?ia aoaeao noeioe
eniieueciaaoue eiaiii aeaiaaeiua oi?iu ?an/aoia ni naieie iinoaaueeaie.
O/eouaay cia/eoaeueiinoue yenii?oiiai naeoi?a iaoae yeiiiieee, iiaeii
?ann/eouaaoue ia oi, /oi i?aaeeaaaaiay noaia aoaeao ?aaeueiui noeioeii
aeey iiiaeo yeiiiie/aneeo aaaioia e ia?aoiaeo ia aeaiaaeiua oi?iu
?an/aoia e oieaoo iaeiaia. Oicyenoaothuea noauaeou, ioe?uaoea niaoen/ao
IAeN, aoaeoo noeioee?iaaoue naieo ia?oia?ia e ioe?uoeth oaeeo aea n/aoia
e eniieueciaaieth a aieueoae ia?a aeaiaaeiuo, a ia no??iaaoiuo ?an/aoia.
Oaeei ia?acii, ii i?iecaiaenoaaiiui oeaii/eai yoi aoaeao ia?aaeaaaoueny
“aaeoaue” yeiiiieee e niinianoaiaaoue auoaniaieth no??iaaoia ec noa?u
ieaoaaeae.

Nicaeathony oneiaey aeey /anoiie eiieo?aioeee e iuooeiiai nieaeaiey
iiieiaeueiiai iaeiaiaiai a?aiaie. Iineieueeo ?acei oi?iuaaony caaea/a ii
iaania/aieth oieaou iaeiaiieaoaeueueeaie IAeN a iieiii iauaia, oi iiaeii
iaeeaeaoue, /oi aoaeao ?anoe?aiea aacu iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey ca n/ao oao
i?aaiecaoeee, eioi?ua ?aiueoa oeeiiyeenue io oieaou iaeiaa. Yoi,
ai-ia?auo, nicaeano oneiaey aeey /anoiie eiieo?aioeee, a ai-aoi?uo,
iicaieeo ?anniao?eaaoue ?acee/iua aa?eaiou iuooeiiai oiaiueoaiey
iiieiaeueiiai iaeiaiaiai a?aiaie iooai nouanoaaiiiai nieaeaiey iaeiaiauo
noaaie. Iineaaeiaa ianoiyoaeuenoai, ia?yaeo n aiciiaeiinoueth aeey
aeia?iniaanoiuo yenii?oa?ia auno?i iieo/aoue aiciauaiea ii IAeN,
yaeythony ?aaeueiuie oaeoi?ii nicaeaiey i?eaeaeaoaeueiiai
eiaanoeoeeiiiiai eeeiaoa a no?aia'”.

Neaaeoao ioiaoeoue i?iaeaiu, eioi?ua iiaoo aicieeiooue i?e
eniieueciaaiee i?aaeeaaaaiie nenoaiu.

Iaeiie ec i?iaeai ?aaeecaoeee i?aaeeaaaaiiai ?aoaiey yaeyaony oi, /oi
eniieiaiea ?aaeeia n/aoa IAeN oaeoe/anee icia/aao aaaaeaiea
ii?aaeaeaiiuo ia?aie/aiee ia aiciiaeiinoe aeaaeaeueoea n/aoa aaniethoii
naiaiaeii eniieueciaaoue iaoiaeyueany ia iai n?aaenoaa. A /anoiinoe,
oai?aoe/anee iiaeii aiai?eoue i iaeioi?ii oiaiueoaiee iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa
i?aaei?eyoee. Iai?eia?, iiaeii i?aaeiieiaeeoue, /oi a i?eioeeia iiaeao
neiaeeoueny neooaoeey, eiaaea aeey iieaou oiaa?a ia aoaeao oaaoaoue
iauaia n?aaenoa ia iau/iii n/aoa, a oi a?aiy eae ia n/aoa IAeN iiaeao
iaoiaeeoueny cia/eoaeueiay noiia, iaeiaei eniieueciaaoue aa aeaaeaeaoe
n/aoa niiaeao oieueei a ?aieao oiea/eaaaiiai IAeN.

Oai?aoe/anee oaeay neooaoeey aiciiaeia, oioy e iaeiaa?iyoia, e yoi
yaeyaony ieaoie ca aa?aioee auno?iai aiciauaiey IAeN. Iaeiaei
iaiaaeeaiiia nienaiea n?aaenoa ni niaoe n/aoa ia ?an/aoiue n/ao a iauaia
i?aaeaa?eoaeueii iinooieaoeo n ?an/aoiiai n/aoa n?aaenoa aeaeaao iioa?e
io aiciiaeiiai “i?eioaeeoaeueiiai” ?aca?ae?iaaiey ieieiaeueiuie.

I?e yoii iaiaoiaeeii o/eouaaoue, /oi iaeiaiieaoaeueuee naiinoiyoaeueii e
aeia?iaieueii i?eieiaao ?aoaiea eniieueciaaoue eee iao niaoen/ao IAeN. A
iniiaa yoiai ?aoaiey eaaeeo /enoue yeiiiie/aneee ?an/ao, a eiaiii:

– ai-ia?auo, ecaanoii, /oi ?aaeueiuo i?iaeai n iieaoie i?iaeoeoeee
(iai?eia?, iaieaoaaee) i?e yenii?oa iau/ii ia auaaao, a ioee/ea io
iinoaaie ia aioo?aiiee ?uiie. Iiyoiio ethaie iinoaauee i?iaeoeoeee,
nu?uey, iaoa?eaeia caeioa?aniaai a oii, /oiau auoue aeeth/aiiui a
yenii?oioth oeaii/eo;

– ai-aoi?uo, eniieueciaaiea niaoen/aoia aeaeaao aecian aieaa i?ic?a/iui
ia oieueei aeey eiio?iee?othueo i?aaiia, ii e aeey aeoeeiia?ia, e aeey
e?aaeeoiuo i?aaiecaoeee. Aaieianeea ?enee ?aaiou n oaeeie
i?aaiecaoeeyie, i/aaeaeii, cia/eoaeueii ieaea. Iiyoiio anoue ana
iniiaaiey iieaaaoue, /oi aeinoaoi/ii i?ic?a/iiio aeciano aaiee ia/ioo
i?aaeeaaaoue aanue niaeo? ?ac?aaioaiiuo e oi?ioi ecaanoiuo a ie?iaie
i?aeoeea noaiaea?oiuo ?uii/iuo oneoa ii aieaa ieceei, /ai a ianoiyuaa
a?aiy oeaiai. Ana yoi a cia/eoaeueiie noaiaie eiiiaine?oao aiciiaeiua
ecaea?aeee:

– a-o?aoueeo, ?an/aou aac eniieueciaaiey niaoen/aoa iiaoo i?eaea/ue
aeiiieieoaeueiia aieiaiea e iaeiaiieaoaeueueeo ni noi?iiu
eiio?iee?othueo i?aaiia. Yoi ianoiyoaeuenoai o/eouaaaony anaie
iaeiaiieaoaeueueeaie i?e i?iaaaeaiee ethauo iia?aoeee.

Ii anoue i?iaeaia, eioi?ay ana ii?oeo, aaoi? eaeae i?aaeiieaaaao, /oi
?aii eee iicaeii yoa noiia, iieo/aiiay o iieoiaoaey ieaaeaony a
athaeaeaoa. Nei?aa anaai, yoa noiia a athaeaeaoa ia ieaaeaony ieeiaaea.
Eoi eee /oi iiaeao canoaaeoue i?iiaaeooi/ioth “iaeiiaeiaaeo” ia/eneyoue
aeaiueae a athaeaeao.

A neo/aa ?aaeecaoeee iaoaiecia n aeia?iaieueiui eniieueciaaieai
niaoen/aoia aiineoue eciaiaiey a caeiiu, ii-aeaeeiiio, ia iio?aaoaony.
Iaeiaei, iaiaoiaeeii aoaeao nei??aeoe?iaaoue ?yae aeaenoaothueo
eino?oeoeee, ii?yaeeia, ienai e ae?oaeo aeieoiaioia. Yoi caeiao
ii?aaeaeaiiia a?aiy. Iaeiaei ?aceia onei?aiea n?ieia aiciauaiey IAeN
aoaeao oi?ioei noeioeii aeey yenii?oa?ia e naycaiiuo n ieie i?aaiecaoeee
iiaeaea?aeaoue ?anniio?aiiue iaoaieci.

I?eieiay ai aieiaiea eceiaeaiiia, iai i?aaenoaaeyaony, /oi e athaeaeao,
e aeia?iniaanoiua iaeiaiieaoaeueueee caeioa?aniaaiu a nei?aeoai
i?eioeeieaeueiii ?aoaiee i?iaeai, naycaiiuo n aiciauaieai IAeN.

O?aaoaony iaoaieci, eioi?ue aeiiieiee au nouanoaothuea a ianoiyuaa a?aiy
ainoaea?noaaiiua e ?uii/iua einoeooou iaiaoiaeeiuie aa?aioeyie
eniieiaiey iaycaoaeuenoa a ?aieao oeacaiiie i?iaeaiu, noae au
naiaia?aciui einoeoooeeiiaeueiui “einoueai”, iicaieythuei cia/eoaeueii
nieceoue iauanoaaiiua ecaea?aeee, naycaiiua n i?iaeaiaie, aicieeathueie
i?e aiciauaiee IAeN i?e yenii?oa.

A iniiaa i?aaeeaaaaiiai iiaeoiaea eaaeao o?e eeth/aaua eaeae. Ia?aay –
/enoi oaoie/aneay, iiaeii neacaoue, eiaeaia?iay (a iaeanoe aaieianeeo
oaoiieiaee) – i?eaeiaeueiay nenoaia niaoeeaeueiuo aaieianeeo n/aoia n
ioaeiui aeey ?aoaiey caaea/e ?aaeeiii ooieoeeiie?iaaiey. Aoi?ay eaeay –
/enoi yeiiiie/aneay – eniieueciaaiea oeiainiaiai noeioea a aeaea
auno?iai aiciauaiey IAeN a iieiii iauaia anai yenii?oa?ai, i?eiyaoei
“i?aaeea ea?u”. O?aouey eaeay – /enoi th?eaee/aneay – aeia?iaieueiinoue
eniieueciaaiey n/aoia IAeN iaeiaiieaoaeueueeaie. Yoi nicaeaao
iaiaoiaeeiua i?aaeiinueee aeey oiai, /oiau iienaiiay eiino?oeoeey iiaea
?aaioaoue ia i?aeoeea.

I?e yoii ?aaioa eiio?iee?othueo i?aaiia cia/eoaeueii oi?inoeony e aa
yooaeoeaiinoue aic?anoao. Iiyaeyaony ?aaeueiay aiciiaeiinoue
i?aaeioa?aoeoue oaiae a oaiaaie iai?io oiea/aiiiai IAeN. ?anoe?eony
?aaeueiay iaeiaiaay aaca e oaaee/eony iinooieaiea iaeiaia, a oii /enea,
ii IAeN, /oi, a naith i/a?aaeue, iicaieeo oaaea?aeueiiio athaeaeaoo a
iieiie ia?a e aac caaea?aeae aiciauaoue IAeN. Iiyoiio aeia?iniaanoiui
yenii?oa?ai aoaeao iaania/aii aiciauaiea IAeN a ieieiaeueiua n?iee.

Iaiaoiaeeii ioiaoeoue, /oi ?anniio?aiiue iaoaieci aiciauaiey IAeN
iuneeony eae aeiiieiaiea e oai anoanoaaiiui i?aeoe/aneei ia?ai, eioi?ua
a ianoiyuaa a?aiy eeai oaea ?aaeecothony, eeai iaoiaeyony ia noaaeee
oe?ieiai ianoaeaeaiey.

Yenia?ou N/aoiie iaeaou aianee i?aaeeiaeaiea i iieiie ioiaia aiciauaiey
ec athaeaeaoa IAeN. Iaeiaei iaaeinoaoie oaeiai ?aoaiey iiaeao yaeoueny
/?acia?iay iaa?ocea ia aeia?iniaanoiuo yenii?oa?ia-iaeiaiieaoaeueueeia.
Aeaau naeaaeeoue iineaaenoaey noieue ?aaeeeaeueiiai ?aoaiey, iiaeii
iaeiia?aiaiii n ioiaiie aiciauaiey ec athaeaeaoa IAeN nieceoue noaaeo
iaeiaa n 20% aei “i?eaieaiie” aaee/eiu, /oiau iaaeee?iaaoue iioa?e
yenii?oa?ia, eioi?ua eni?aaii aiinyo ieaoaaee a athaeaeao.

2.2. I?iaeaia i?eciaiey aaainiauo e eiuo ieaoaaeae iauaeoii
iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey.

A 2001 aiaeo iauaeoii iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey i?eciaaony ?aaeecaoeey oiaa?ia
(?aaio, oneoa) ia aiciacaeiie e aacaiciacaeiie iniiaa (no. 146 IE ?O),
oi anoue ia?aaea/a i?aaa nianoaaiiinoe ia oiaa? (?aaiou, oneoae)
ae?oaiio eeoeo. Aeey ia?aaea/e i?aaa nianoaaiiinoe oiaa? (?acoeueoaou
?aaiou) iaiaoiaeeii ioa?oceoue (ia?aaeaoue), a oneoae ieacaoue. I?e
iinooieaiee aaainiauo ieaoaaeae iauaeo iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey ia iiyaeyaony,
eai ionoonoaoao ia oieueei oaeo ?aaeecaoeee, ca/anooth ionoonoaotho naie
oiaa?u (?aaiou, oneoae).

A i?aeoo iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey aiaea/aiu noiiu niaa?oaiii ia eiathuea
ioiioaiey e aeiaaaeaiiie noieiinoe: oeiainiaay iiiiuue, noiiu
i?aaeiieao, aaainiaua aciinu, noiiu oo?aoia e o.ae.

Iaeiaiaia caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai ia niaea?aeeo i?yiiai ii?aaeaeaiey aaainia
iieo/aiiue. Iaeiaei a niioaaonoaee n ienueiii Ieioeia ?O io 12.11.1996
?96 aeey o/aoa iiaeiaiuo iia?aoeee i?aaeoniio?ai n/ao 64 “?an/aou ii
aaainai iieo/aiiui”. Iaeiaei iiaui Ieaiii n/aoia aooaaeoa?neiai o/aoa
oeiainiai-oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaiecaoeee e Eino?oeoeee ii aai
i?eiaiaieth, ooaa?aeaeaiiui i?eeacii Ieioeia ?O io 31.10.2000 ?94I,
onoaiiaeaii, /oi aeey o/aoa aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa, ?an/aou ia noiio
iinooieaoeo ieaoaaeae, aeeth/ay noiiu iieo/aiiuo aaainia, i?aaeoniio?ai
n/ao 62 “?an/aou n iieoiaoaeyie e caeac/eeaie”. I?e yoii noiia
iieo/aiiuo aaainia e i?aaeaa?eoaeueiie iieaou o/eouaathony ioaeaeueii.

A oi aea a?aiy no. 162 IE ?O eiaao aeiioneathuoth ?acee/iua o?aeoiaee
?aaeaeoeeth: “Iaeiaiaay aaca, en/eneaiiay a niioaaonoaee ni no. 153-158
ianoiyuaai Eiaeaena, ii?aaeaeyaony n o/aoii noii;

1) aaainiauo eee eiuo ieaoaaeae, iieo/aiiuo a n/ao i?aaenoiyueo iinoaaie
oiaa?ia, auiieiaiey ?aaio e ieacaiey oneoa”.

Nia/aea caiaoei, /oi a yoie noaouea ia oeacaii, /oi iaeiaiaay aaca
oaaee/eaaaony ia noiio aaainiauo eee eiuo ieaoaaeae, iieo/aiiuo a n/ao
i?aaenoiyueo iinoaaie oiaa?ia, auiieiaiey ?aaio e ieacaiey oneoa,
iiyoiio iiceoeey iaeiaiieaoaeueueea, ia iaeiaeeaoaai iaeiaii aaainiaua
ieaoaaee, oneeeaaaony.

*oiau ieii/aoaeueii ?aoeoue aii?in iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey iinooieaoeo
aaainiauo ieaoaaeae, iii?iaoai aianoi eiaeia i?aaeuaeoueo noaoae IE ?O
(153-158) a yoo noaoueth anoaaeoue eo niaea?aeaiea. A yoeo noaoueyo
aiai?eony i iaeiaiiaeiaeaiee ?aaeecaoeee (ioa?ocee, ia?aaea/e) oiaa?ia
(?aaio, oneoa), iiyoiio no. 162 IE ?O aoaeao eiaoue neaaeothuaa
niaea?aeaiea eee aoaeao cao/aoue oae “Iaeiaiaay aaca ii ?aaeeciaaiiui
(ioa?oaeaiiui, ia?aaeaiiui) oiaa?ai (?aaioai, oneoaai) ii?aaeaeyaony n
o/aoii noii aaainiauo eee eiuo ieaoaaeae, iieo/aiiuo a n/ao i?aaenoiyueo
iinoaaie oiaa?ia, auiieiaiey ?aaio e ieacaiey oneoa”.

E i?eia?o, anee noiia aaainiaiai ieaoaaea iinooieea a yiaa?y 2001 aiaea,
a oiaa? ecaioiaeai e ioa?oaeai ia?aaeai a nianoaaiiinoue iieoiaoaey) a
ia?oa 2001 aiaea, oi iauaeo iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey e iaeiaiaay aaca (i?e
o/aoiie iieeoeea “ii iieaoa”) iiyaeyaony a ia?oa, oi anoue a yoii
ianyoea iaeiaiieaoaeueuee iaycai iia?aoeeth ii ?aaeecaoeee oiaa?a
ioeaieoue a ?oaeyo (aeaoue noieiinoioth oa?aeoa?enoeeo).

A nayce n oai, /oi ia?aae neiaii iieo/aii ionoonoaoao neiai “?aiaa”,
iaeioi?ua iaeiaiaua i?aaiu i?aaeeiaeao iaeiaeeoue iaeiaii ia iia?aoeeth
ii ?aaeecaoeee oiaa?a, a iia?aoeeth naycaiioth n aeaiaaeiui ia?auaieai.
A yoii neo/aa iaeiaiieaoaeueuee eiaao i?aai i?eiaieoue ioieo 7 no.3 IE
?O, a niioaaonoaee n eioi?ui, ana iaono?aieiua niiiaiey, i?ioeai?a/ey e
iayniinoe aeoia caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa i iaeiaao e nai?ao oieeoaony a
iieueco iaeiaiieaoaeueueea (ieaoaeueueea nai?ia)

A noaea iaeiaiieaoaeueueee eiatho aiciiaeiinoue ionoaeaaoue naith
iiceoeeth, i?eaaaey neaaeothuea aeiiieieoaeueiua aeiaiaeu:

– iacaaiea iaeiaa oeacuaaao, /oi iaeiaii iaeaaaaony aeiaaaeaiiay
noieiinoue, a a iinooieaoeo noiiao aaainiauo ieaoaaeae ionoonoaoao
aeiaaaeaiiay noieiinoue – iie a iniiaiii ia?a/eneythony ca n/ao
n?aaenoa, inoathueony a ?anii?yaeaiee caeac/eea (iieoiaoaey) iinea
oieaou IAeN.

– ii?aaeaeaiea oaeeo iiiyoee, eae aeiaaaeaiiay noieiinoue e iaeia ia
aeiaaaeaiioth noieiinoue, auee aeaiu a no.1 OC ?O io 06.12.91 “I IAeN”,
oioy yoio caeii n 01.01.01 ioiaiai, yeiiiie/aneea iiiyoey i aeiaaaeaiiie
noieiinoe e IAeN inoaeinue aac eciaiaiee.

Iaeiaiiaeiaeaiea aaainiauo ieaoaaeae i?e ionoonoaee iia?aoeee ii
?aaeecaoeee oiaa?ia (?aaio, oneoa) iaiainiiaaiii oaaee/eaaao oaeouea
ieaoaaee a athaeaeao, oooaeoaao oeiainiaia iieiaeaiea
iaeiaiieaoaeueueea, noaeaao iaeiaiaoth aaco aoaeoueo ia?eiaeia.

Aieiaoaeueiue /eoaoaeue caiaoeo, /oi iaeiaiaay aaca ii oaea ioa?oaeaiiui
(ia?aaeaiiui) oiaa?ai (?aaioai, oneoaai) ieeae ia iiaeao auoue naycaia n
iinooieaieyie aaainiauo ieaoaaeae ca ia ioa?oaeaiiua aua oiaa?u, ca
iaauiieiaiiua ?aaiou. Iiyoiio no. 162 IE ?O iiaeii iiiyoue oae: “Anee
iaeiaiieaoaeueuee i?eiaiyao o/aoioth iieeoeeo “ii iieaoa”, oi iaeiaiaay
aaca i?e oaeoe/aneie ioa?ocea (ia?aaea/a) oiaa?a (?aaio, oneoa)
ii?aaeaeyaony n o/aoii ?aiaa iinooieaoeo aaainiauo ieaoaaeae
(i?aaeaa?eoaeueiie iieaou)”. Anee ?ac?aaio/eee caeiiii?iaeoa e
caeiiiaeaoaee eiaee a aeaeo yoi, oi ?anniao?eaaaioth noaoueth neaaeiaaei
eceiaeeoue oae: “Iaeiaiaay aaca i?e ioa?ocea (ia?aaea/a) oiaa?ia (?aaio,
oneoa), en/eneaiiay a niioaaonoaee ni no. 153-158 ianoiyuaai Eiaeaena,
ii?aaeaeyaony n o/aoii noii:

1) aaainiauo eee (e) eiuo ieaoaaeae, ?aiaa iieo/aiiuo a n/ao yoeo
iinoaaie oiaa?ia (auiieiaiey ?aaio, ieacaiey oneoa).

Iieiaeaiey ianoiyuaai iiaeioieoa ia i?eiaiythony iaeiaiieaoaeueueeaie,
i?eiyaoeie a o/aoiie iieeoeea aeey oeaeae iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey aeaoo
aicieeiiaaiey iaeiaiaiai iaycaoaeuenoaa ii ia?a ioa?ocee oiaa?ia
(au-iieiaiey ?aaio, ieacaiey oneoa)”.

Anee ?ac?aaio/eee caeiiii?iaeoa e caeiiiaeaoaee aeaeatho iaeaaaoue
iaeiaii iinooieaoea aaainu, ia niaea?aeauea aeiaaaeaiiie noieiinoe, oi a
no. 146 neaaeoao iaienaoue: “Iauaeoii iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey i?eciaaony e
iia-?aoeey ii iieo/aieth ia niaea?aeaueo aeiaaaeaiiie noieiinoe
aaainiauo e eiuo ieaoaaeae iiae i?aaenoiyuea iinoaaee oiaa?ia
(auiieiaiea ?aaio, ieacaiea oneoa)”, ii ioaeii i?aaeaeaeaoue
iineaaenoaey oaeie oi?ioee?iaee, oi anoue noaaiaoeeth no?ieoaeueiiai
i?iecaiaenoaa e anae yeiiiieee no?aiu. Iineaaenoaey aeaiiie oi?ioee?iaee
iaaeyaeii iieacuaaao neaaeothuee on-eiaiue i?eia?.

I?e no?ieoaeuenoaa iiaie iaooaia?a?aaaouaathuae onoaiiaee noieiinoue
no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo ?aaio (NI?) ninoaaeo 1920 iei. ?oa. Caeac/ee
(caaiae) ca niao i?eauee, inoathuaeny a aai ?anii?yaeaiee iinea oieaou
anao iaeiaia, ia?a-/eneee aaia?aeueiiio iiae?yae/eeo aaainiaua ieaoaaee
iiae i?aaenoiyuea ?aaiou a noiia 960 iei. ?oa., a aaia?aeueiue
iiae?yae/ee ec yoie noiiu ia?a/eneee aaain noa-iiae?yaeiui no?ieoaeueiui
i?aaiecaoeeyi (840 iei. ?oa.); oa, a naith i/a?aaeue, ia-?a/eneeee 720
.iei. ?oa. iinoaaueeai no?ieoaeueiuo iaoa?eaeia e eiino?oe-oeee,
iineaaeiea i?iaaaine?iaaee naieo niaaeieeia ia 480 iei. ?oa. N
oiiiyioouo 960 iei. ?oa. aoaeao oaea?aeai IAeN a noiia 500 iei. ?oa., a
oii /enea:

o aaia?aeueiiai iiae?yae/eea 160, o noaiiae?yae/eeia
140, o iinoaaueeia no?ieoaeueiuo iaoa?eaeia e eiino?oeoeee 120, o
niaaeieeia iinoaaueeia 80

Noaaea IAeN ninoaaeo 52,1 i?ioeaioa (500 : 960 o 100 = 52,1), oioy
ioeoeeaeue-ii iia i?iaeaeeaie?iaaia a ?acia?a ia aieaa 16,67 i?ioeaioa.
Ia ?acai?a/eaaiea no?ieoaeuenoaa inoaiaony eeoue 460 iei. ?oa. ec
auaeaeaiiuo 960 iei. ?oa.

Aiciiaeai e o?aoee aa?eaio no. 162, anee ?ac?aaio/eee e caeiiiaeaoaee
?aoao onei?eoue no?ieoaeueiue i?ioeann eee aica?ao iaeniieueciaaiiiai
aaaina iooai i?eiaiaiey iaeiaiaiai “eiooa”. A yoii neo/aa iaiaoiaeeii
i?aaeoniio?aoue iaeiaiiaeiaeaiea noii aaainiauo ieaoaaeae eeoue /a?ac
o?e ianyoea ni aeiy eo iinooieaiey, a eiaiii onoaiiaeoue a?aiaiiie eaa
aeey ?acai?a/eaaiey no?ieoaeuenoaa. I?e eniieueciaaiee aaainiauo
ieaoaaeae ii iacia/aieth eee i?e aica?aoa iaeniieueciaaiiuo aaainiauo
ieaoaaeae iaiaoiaeeii i?aaeoniao?eaaoue iaeiaiaue au/ao iacaaeneii io
iaee/ey oaeoa oieaou IAeN a athaeaeao: aaaeue au/ao iaeiaa e aica?ao
iaeiaa – ia iaeii e oi aea. Anee iaeia n ianouanoaothuae aeiaaaeaiiie
noieiinoe (aaainiauo ieaoaaeae) i?e iaoaeiaeaoai?eoaeueiii oeiainiaii
ninoiyiee iaeiaiiea-oaeueueea iaiaoiaeeii ia?a/eneeoue a athaeaeao, oi o
iiae?yaeiie i?aaiecaoeee ia aoaeao n?aaenoa aeey naiaa?aiaiiiai aica?aoa
eo caeac/eeo a neo/aa ?an-oi?aeaiey aeiaiai?a eee eciaiaiey oneiaee
aeiaiai?a.

E i?eia?o, iinooieaoee aaainiaue ieaoaae eieanniaui ii?o/aieai
iaeiaiaiai i?aaia acuneai a n/ao iiaaoaiey iaaeieiee ii iaeiao ia
i?eaueue. *a?ac 3 ianyoea ia iaeniieueciaaiiue aaain ia/eneai IAeN,
eioi?ue io?aaeai a iaeiaiaie aeaeea?aoeee. A yoii aea ianyoea caeac/ee
?anoi?aioe aeiaiai? ec-ca oiai, /oi eniieieoaeue (iiae-?yae/ee) ia
auiieiee naie iaycaoaeuenoaa, e iio?aaiaae aa?iooue aaainiaua ieaoaaee.

A niioaaonoaee n i. 5 no. 171 IE ?O au/ao i?iecaiaeeony eeoue iinea
oieaou noiiu IAeN n iiaeeaaeaueo aica?aoo aaainiauo ieaoaaeae, oi anoue
oaeia iieiaeaiea Eiaeaena cao?oaeiyao eniieiaiea iaycaoaeuenoa ia?aae
eiio?aaaioii, oioy iaeiaiiaeiaeaiea aaainiauo ieaoaaeae ii eiaeea
aeieaeii niinianoaiaaoue naiaa?aiaiiiio eniieiaieth aeaiiuo
iaycaoaeuenoa, i?aaeoniio?aiiuo aeiaiai?ii e AE ?O. E?iia oiai, i?eaycea
iaeiaiaiai au/aoa e oieaoa iaeiaa ia aeiaaaeaiioth noieiinoue i?e
ionoonoaee naiie aeiaaaeaiiie noieiinoe ia?acoao ia?aaeueioth iaaeieieo
ii iaeiao. A aio aica?ao eceeoia oiea/aiiie noiiu iaeiaa (ia?aieaou)
aeieaeai i?iecaiaeeoueny eeoue i?e iaee/ee oaeoa oieaou iaeiaa a
athaeaeao, ii ia yoii a Eiaeaena ia neaaeoao oiiieiaoue, iineieueeo
ia?aieaou iaeiaa aac oieaou iaeiaa ia aicieeaao.

Ei??aeoe?iaea no. 162 e 171 IE ?O aeano eiioeuen ?acaeoeth
eiaanoeoeeiiiuo i?ioeannia, iinoaaeo i?aa?aaeo ia?aae ne?uoui
oaaee/aieai noaaee IAeN, oiaiueoeo eiee/anoai iaeiaiauo nii?ia.

2.3. Iniaaiiinoe iaeiaeaiey IAeN no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo ?aaio,
auiieiaiiuo aeey nianoaaiiiai iio?aaeaiey.

Niaoeeaeueiui ioieoii a IE ?O a ninoaaa iaeiaiiaeaaaaiiai iai?ioa
auaeaeaii auiieiaiea no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo ?aaio aeey nianoaaiiiai
iio?aaeaiey, eioi?ua yaeythony ioaeaeueiui iauaeoii iaeiaeaiey IAeN. A
niioaaonoaee n ioieoii 2 no.159 IE ?O i?e auiieiaiee
no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo ?aaio aeey nianoaaiiiai iio?aaeaiey iaeiaiaay
aaca ii?aaeaeyaony eae noieiinoue auiieiaiiuo ?aaio, en/eneyaony enoiaey
ec anao oaeoe/aneeo ?anoiaeia iaeiaiieaoaeueueea ia aa auiieiaiea.
Aeaiiay noaouey aucuaaao niiiaiey e aii?inu, a iae iniaui ia?acii
iiaeoaa?aeaeaaony i?aaiia?iinoue iaeiaeaiey IAeN no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo
?aaio aeey nianoaaiiiai iiaeoaa?aeaeaiey, oae eae iieiie oaycee a yoie
ii?ia ni no.39 *anoe I IE iao.

Aa iao ii aeaoi iiceoeeyi:

– ionoonoaoao ia?aoiae i?aaa nianoaaiiinoe io iaeiiai th?eaee/aneiai
eeoea e ae?oaiio;

– iaeiaiaay aaca ii?aaeaeyaony ieeae noieiinoue ?aaeeciaaiiuo,
no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo ?aaio (eae i?e iiae?yaeiii niiniaa
no?ieoaeuenoaa) eee eae a ae?oaeo noa?ao oicyenoaaiii-oeiainiaie
aeayoaeueiinoe, a oaeoe/aneeie ?anoiaeaie ia eo auiieiaiea.

Aeaoie ia/eneaiey IAeN e oieaoa ii no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiui ?aaioai,
auiieiaiiuo oicniiniaii, iinea 01.01.01 n/eoaaony aeaiue i?eiyoey ia
o/ao iauaeoa, caaa?oaiiiai eaieoaeueii no?ieoaeuenoaa. Ii iinea i?eiyoey
ia o/ao iauaeoa caaa?oaiiiai eaieoaeueiiai no?ieoaeuenoaa en/eneaiiua
noiiu IAeN, i?aaeuyaeaiiua iaeiaiieaoaeueueeo ii oiaa?ai (?aaioai,
oneoaai), i?eia?aoaiiui ei aeey auiieiaiey no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo
?aaio. Oaeei ia?acii, i?e auiieiaiee no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo ?aaio aeey
nianoaaiiiai iio?aaeaiey iaeiaiieaoaeueuee eiaao i?aai aicianoeoue IAeN
oiea/aiiue iinoaaueeai, iiae?yae/eeai i?e auiieiaiee
no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo ?aaio oicniiniaii, i?e yoii ia oiea/eaay a
athaeaeao noiio IAeN ia/eneaiioth ia noieiinoue ?aaio. Oaeie eueaioiue
iiaeoiae aeey oicniiniaia, aeaeeii iaoneiaeai iaaacoi?a/iie ioeaieie
i?eciaiey aai a ea/anoaa iauaeoa iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey.

A iaoiaee/aneeo ?aeiiaiaeaoeeyo ii i?eiaiaieth aeaau 21 IE ?O,
ooaa?aeaeaiiuo I?eeacii IIN ?O io 20.12.2000 aiaea ?AA-3-03/447,
?acuyniyaony, /oi niaeanii ioieoo 6 no.171 IE ?O au/aoo iiaeeaaeeo
oieueei noiia IAeN, en/eneaiioth iaeiaiieaoaeueueeii i?e auiieiaiee
no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo ?aaio, aeey nianoaaiiiai oiio?aaeaiey,
ii?aaeaeyaiay a niioaaonoaee ni noaoueae 173 IE ?O eae oiaiueoaiiay ia
noiio iaeiaa, i?aaeuyaeaiiua iaeiaiieaoaeueueeii e au/aoo ii
i?eia?aoaiiui oiaa?ai (?aaioai, oneoaai), eniieueciaaiiui ei aeey
auiieiaiey oeacaiiuo no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo ?aaio, noiia iaeiaa,
en/eneaiiay ii auiieiaiiui oicyenoaaiiui niiniaii
no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo ?aaio a niioaaonoaee n ioieoii 10 no.167
Eiaeaena. Oaeei ia?acii, niaeanii ?aeiiaiaeaoeeyi IIN ?O
iaeiaiieaoaeueuee ai?aaa aiciauaoue noiiu IAeN, oiea/aiiua iinoaaueeai
(iiae?yae/eeai) i?e auiieiaiee ?aaio, ca n/ao IAeN, ia/eneyaiiai ia
noieiinoue ?aaio.

Ii aeaiiay iiceoeey iaeiaiauo i?aaiia i?aaenoaaeyaony ioeai/iie. A
ioieoa 6 no.171 IE ?O aeey au/aoa oeacaiu “noiiu iaeiaa, en/eneaiiua
iaeiaiieaoaeueueeaie i?e auiieiaiee no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo ?aaio aeey
nianoaaiiiai iio?aaeaiey”. Ii?yaeie en/eneaiey IAeN i?aaeoniio?ai no.166
IE ?O, a eiaiii – noiia iaeiaa en/eneyaony eae niioaaonoaothuay
iaeiaiaie noaaea i?ioeaioiay aeiey iaeiaiaie aacu aac eaeeo-eeai
au/aoia. Noiia IAeN, oeacaiiay a ?aeiiaiaeaoeeyo IIN ?O,
i?aaeoniio?aiiay noaoueae 173 IE ?O, – yoi noiia iaeiaa, iiaeeaaeauay
oieaoa a athaeaeao. Ii a no.171 oeacaia eiaiii en/eneaiiay noiia iaeiaa.
Oaeei ia?acii, niaeanii iieiaeaieyi IE ?O au/aoo iiaeeaaeeo any noiia
IAeN, ia/eneaiiay ia noieiinoue ?aaio, a oaeaea noiia iaeiaa, oiea/aiiay
iaeiaiieaoaeueueeii iinoaaueeai (iiae?yae/eeai) i?e auiieiaiee
no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo ?aaio aeey nianoaaiiiai iio?aaeaiey.

Niaeanii no.31 Caeiia ?O “I aaaaeaiee a aeaenoaea /anoe aoi?ie IE ?O…”
ii i?aaiioiioaieyi, aicieeoei aei aaaaeaiey a aeaenoaea *anoe aoi?ie IE
?O, Eiaeaen i?eiaiyaony e oai i?aaai e iaycaiiinoyi, eioi?ua aicieeee
iinea aaaaeaiey aai a aeaenoaea. E oieueei Caeiiii ?O io 24.03.2001 a.
?33-OC, anooieaoei a neeo 27.04.2001 a. (No.3), auee aianaiu eciaiaiey a
no. 31 oeacaiiiai auoa Caeiia i oii, /oi niioaaonoaothuea noiiu IAeN
iiaeeaaeao au/aoo oieueei a /anoe noiiu iaeiaa, i?eoiaeyueany ia ?aaiou,
auiieiaiiua iinea 31.12.2000 a. Neaaeiaaoaeueii, i?e i?eiyoee ia o/ao
iauaeoa caaa?oaiiiai eaieoaeueiiai no?ieoaeuenoaa a ia?eiae n 01.01 –
26.04.2001 a. iaeiaiieaoaeueuee aeieaeai ia/eneeoue IAeN ia anth
noieiinoue no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo ?aaio, auiieiaiiuo oicniiniaii, e
niioaaonoaaiii ai?aaa aicianoeoue IAeN, oiea/aiiue iinoaaueeai
(iiae?yae/eeai) ii anai ?aaioai, a oii /enea auiieiaiiui aei 01.01.2001
a.

?aoaiea Aa?oiaiiai noaea ?O io 24.07.2001 a. ?AEIE 2001-916.

Inoaaeaii aac eciaiaiee ii?aaeaeaieai Eannaoeeiiiie eieeaaee Aa?oiaiiai
noaea ?O io 06.09.2001 a. ?EAN 01-325.

?anniio?aa a ioe?uoii noaeaaiii canaaeaiee a?aaeaeaineia aeaei ii
cayaeaieth III “?N na?aen-99” i i?eciaiee ia aeaenoaothuei (iacaeiiiui)
aacaoea 2 ioieoa 12 “I?aaee aaaeaiey aeo?iaeia o/aoa iieo/aiiuo e
aunoaaeaiiuo n/aoia-oaeoo?, eiea iieoiie e eiea i?iaeaae i?e ?an/aoao ii
IAeN” (aeaeaa I?aaee), ooaa?aeaeaiiuo iinoaiiaeaieai I?aaeoaeuenoaa ?O
io 02.12.2000 a. ?914, onoaiiaee:

Iinoaiiaeaiea I?aaeoaeuenoaa ?O io 02.12.2000 a. ?914 ooaa?aeaeaiu
I?aaeea.

Aacaoeai 2 ioieoa 12 aeaiiuo I?aaee ii?aaeaeaiii, /oi i?e i?eiyoee ia
o/ao caaa?oaiiiai eaieoaeueiiai no?ieoaeuenoaii iauaeoa ia noiio iaeiaa,
en/eneaiiiai ii auiieiaiiui n 01.01.2001 a. no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiui
?aaioai aeey nianoaaiiiai iio?aaeaiey a aeaea ?acieoeu iaaeaeo noiiie
iaeiaa, ia/eneaiiie ia noieiinoue aeaiiuo no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo ?aaio,
e noiiie iaeiaa, aeey nianoaaiiiai iio?aaeaiey, auienuaaaony
n/ao-oaeoo?a a iaeiii yecaiiey?a e ?aaeno?e?oaony a eieaa iieoiie.

III “?N na?aen-99” ia?aoeeinue a Aa?oiaiue noae ?O n cayaeaieai i
i?eciaiee oeacaiiiai auoa iieiaeaiey I?aaee iaaeaenoaothuei, nnueaynue
ia oi, /oi aacaoe 2 ioieoa 12 I?aaee onoaiaaeeaaao eiie, ioee/iue io
onoaiiaeaiiiai IE ?O, ii?yaeie ii?aaeaeaiey noiiu iaeiaiauo au/aoia i?e
auiieiaiee no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo ?aaio aeey nianoaaiiiai iio?aaeaiey,
ia?aie/eaathueo caeiiiua i?aaa iaeiaiieaoaeueuee.

Auneooaa iauyniaiea i?aaenoaaeoaeae III “?N na?aen-99” e I?aaeoaeuenoaa
?O, enneaaeiaaa iaoa?eaeu aeaea, caneooaa caeeth/aiea i?ieo?i?a
Aaia?aeueiie i?ieo?aoo?u ?O Oaaeioiaie A.A., iieaaaaoae III “?N
na?aen-99” a oaeiaeaoai?aiee cayaeaiey ioeacaoue, noae iaoiaeeo, /oi
cayaeaiea III “?N na?aen-99” ia iiaeeaaeeo oaeiaeaoai?aieth ii
neaaeothuei iniiaaieyi.

A niioaaonoaee n ioieoii 8 no.169 IE ?O ii?yaeie aaaeaiey aeo?iaea o/aoa
iieo/aiiuo e aunoaaeaiiuo n/aoia-oaeoo?, eiea iieoiie e eiea i?iaeaae
onoaiaaeeaaaony I?aaeoaeuenoaii ?O.

Neaaeiaaoaeueii, i?eieiay inia?eaaaiua I?aaeea, I?aaeoaeuenoai ?O ia
auoei ca i?aaeaeu iieiiii/ee, i?aaeinoaaeaiiuo aio caeiiii.

N aeiaiaeaie cayaeoaey i oii, /oi aacaoe 2 i.12 I?aaee aeieaeai auoue
i?eciai iacaeiiiui, iineieueeo ei eciaiai ii?yaeie ii?aaeaeaiey noiiu
iaeiaiauo au/aoia, onoaiiaeaiiue i.6 no.171 IE ?O e onoaiiaee aeey
i?aaiecaoeee, auiieiythueo no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiua ?aaiou aeey
nianoaaiiiai iio?aaeaiey aeiiieieoaeueiua iaycaiiinoe ii auienuaaieth
n/ao oaeoo?u, noae niaeaneoueny ia iiaeao.

Aacaoeai 2 i.12 I?aaee ii?aaeaeaii, /oi i?e i?eiyoee ia o/ao
caaa?oaiiiai eaieoaeueiii no?ieoaeuenoaii iauaeoa ia noiio iaeiaa,
en/eneaiioth ii auiieiaiiui n 01.01.2001 a. no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiui
?aaioai aeey nianoaaiiiai iio?aaeaiey a aeaea ?acieoeu iaaeaeo noiiie
iaeiaa, ia/eneaiiie ia noieiinoue aeaiiuo no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo ?aaio,
e noiiie iaeiaa, oiea/aiiie i?iaeaaoeai ii i?eia?aoaiiui oiaa?ai
(auiieiaiiui ?aaioai, ieacaiiui oneoaai), eniieueciaaiiui i?e auiieiaiee
yoeo ?aaio aeey nianoaaiiiai iio?aaeaiey, auienuaaaony n/ao oaeoo?a a
iaeiii yecaiiey?a e ?aaeno?e?oaony a eieaa iieoiie.

Niaeanii ii.3 i.1 no.146 IE ?O iauaeoii iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey i?eciathony
iia?aoeee ii auiieiaieth no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo ?aaio aeey nianoaaiiiai
iio?aaeaiey.

Ia iniiaaiee iieiaeaiee i.1 no.171 e no.173 IE ?O iaeiaiieaoaeueuee i?e
en/eneaiee noiiu iaeiaa ia aeiaaaeaiioth noieiinoue, iiaeeaaeauae oieaoa
a athaeaeao ii eoiaai iaeiaiaiai ia?eiaea, eiaao i?aai oiaiueoeoue
iauoth noiio IAeN, en/eneaiioth a niioaaonoaee ni no.166 IE ?O, ii
onoaiiaeaiiua no.171 iaeiaiaua au/aou.

Niaeanii aacaoeo 1 i.6 no.171 IE ?O au/aoai iiaeeaaeao noiiu iaeiaia,
n/eneaiiiai iaeiaiieaoaeueueeaie i?e auiieiaiee no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo
?aaio aeey nianoaaiiiai iio?aaeaiey.

Oaeei ia?acii, i?e en/eneaiee noiiu IAeN, iiaeeaaeauae aianaieth a
athaeaeao ii eoiaai iaeiaiaiai ia?eiaea, ec iauae noiiu IAeN,
en/eneaiiie a niioaaonoaee n iieiaeaieyie no.166 IE ?O, iiaeeaaeao
au/aoo en/eneaiiua a niioaaonoaee n iieiaeaieyie ae.21 aeaiiiai Eiaeaena
noiiu IAeN ii auiieiaiiui no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiui ?aaioai aeey
nianoaaiiiai iio?aaeaiey.

A neeo i.1 no.173 IE ?O noiia iaeiaa, iiaeeaaeauay oieaoa a athaeaeao,
en/eneyaony ii eoiaai eaaeaeiai iaeiaiaiai ia?eiaea, eae oiaiueoaiiay ia
noiio iaeiaiauo au/aoia, i?aaeoniio?aiiuo no.171 IE ?O, iauay noiia
iaeiaa, en/eneyaiay a niioaaonoaee ni no.166 IE ?O.

I.1.no.166 IE ?O ii?aaeaeaii, /oi noiia iaeiaa i?e ii?aaeaeaiee
iaeiaiaie aacu, a i?e ?acaeaeueiii o/aoa – eae noiia iaeiaa, iieo/aiiay
a ?acoeueoaoa neiaeaiey noii iaeiaia, en/eneyaiuo ioaeaeueii eae
niioaaonoaothuea iaeiaiaui noaaeao i?ioeaioiua aeiee niioaaonoaothueo
iaeiaiauo aac.

Niaeanii i.2.no.159 IE ?O i?e auiieiaiee no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo ?aaio
aeey nianoaaiiiai iio?aaeaiey iaeiaiaay aaca ii?aaeaeyaony eae
noieiinoue auiieiaiiuo ?aaio, en/eneaiiay enoiaey ec anao oaeoe/aneeo
?anoiaeia iaeiaiieaoaeueueea ia eo auiieiaiea.

Ia iniiaaiee i.1 e 6 no.171 IE ?O iauay noiia iaeiaa, en/eneaiiay ia
iniiaaiee iieiaeaiee no.166 IE ?O, iiaeeaaeeo oiaiueoaieth ia noiio
iaeiaa, i?aaeuyaeaiiua iaeiaiieaoaeueueeo ii oiaa?ai (?aaioai, oneoaai),
i?eia?aoaiiui ei aeey auiieiaiey no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo ?aaio.

N o/aoii iacaaiuo iieiaeaiee IE ?O, eae iieaaaao noae, noiia iaeiaa,
en/eneaiiay iaeiaiieaoaeueueeii i?e auiieiaiee no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo
?aaio aeey nianoaaiiiai iio?aaeaiey i?aaenoaaeyao niaie ?acieoeo,
iaaeaeo noiiie iaeiaa, ia/eneaiiie ia noieiinoue aeaiiuo
no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo ?aaio, e noiiie iaeiaa, oiea/aiiie iinoaaueeai
ii i?eia?aoaiiui oiaa?ai (?aaioai, oneoaai), eniieueciaaiiuo i?e
auiieiaiee yoeo ?aaio.

A niioaaonoaee n i.5 no.172 IE ?O au/aou noii iaeiaa, oeacaiiuo a
i.6.no.171 IE ?O i?iecaiaeyony ii ia?a iinoaiiaee ia o/ao
niioaaonoaothueo iauaeoia caaa?oaiiiai eaieoaeueiiai no?ieoaeuenoaa
(iniiaiuo n?aaenoa) eee ?aaeecaoeee iauaeoa iacaaa?oaiiiai eaieoaeueiiai
no?ieoaeuenoaa.

Neaaeiaaoaeueii, noae i?eoiaeeo e auaiaeo i oii, /oi i?e en/eneaiee
iaeiaiieaoaeueueeii iiaeeaaeauae aianaieth a athaeaeao noiiu IAeN ii
eoiaai iaeiaiaiai ia?eiaea ec iauae noiiu IAeN, en/eneaiiie ia iniiaaiee
iieiaeaiee no.166 IE ?O, a iiiaio i?eiyoey ia o/ao niioaaonoaothuaai
iauaeoa, caaa?oaiiiai eaieoaeueiui no?ieoaeuenoaii iiaeeaaeeo au/aoo
noiia IAeN, en/eneaiiay aeaiiui ieaoaeueueeii ii auiieiaiiui
no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiui ?aaioai aeey nianoaaiiiai iio?aaeaiey a aeaea
?acieoeu iaaeaeo noiiie iaeiaa, ia/eneaiiiai ia noieiinoue aeaiiuo
no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo ?aaio, e noiiie iaeiaa, oiea/aiiie iinoaaueeai
ii i?eia?aoaiiui oiaa?ai (?aaioai, oneoaai), eniieueciaaiiui i?e
auiieiaiee yoeo ?aaio, /oi e iaoei io?aaeaiea a iaaeaeoaiii cayaeoaeai
aacaoea 2 i.12 I?aaee.

Inoaeanue ia/aoeie iiceoeey ioiineoaeueii au/aoa noiiu iaeiaa,
i?aaeuyaeaiiie iaeiaiieaoaeueueeo ii oiaa?ai (?aaioai, oneoaai),
i?eia?aoaiiui ei aeey auiieiaiey no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo ?aaio,
i?aaeoniio?aiiay ioieoii 6 no.171.

Enoiaey ec niunea yoiai ioieoa, ?a/ue eaeao i i?aaa ia aiciauaiea
(au/ao) noii aoiaeiiai IAeN caeac/eeaie eaieoaeueiiai no?ieoaeuenoaa,
aeeth/ay oa i?aaiecaoeee, eioi?ua auiieiytho no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiua
?aaiou aeey nianoaaiiiai iio?aaeaiey. Ii eiaiii oaeiai aeoeaioa a oaenoa
oeacaiiiai ioieoa ia naeaeaii, e, neaaeiaaoaeueii, aoeaaeueii iiaeii
iiieiaoue, /oi noiiu iaeiaa, i?aaeuyaeaiiua
iaeiaiieaoaeueueeo-iiae?yae/eeo (a ia caeac/eeo) ii oiaa?ai (?aaioai,
oneoaai), i?eia?aoaiiui ei aeey auiieiaiey no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo
?aaio, iiaeeaaeao au/aoo oieueei iinea i?eiyoey ia o/ao iauaeoia
caaa?oaiiiai eaieoaeueiiai no?ieoaeuenoaa ia aaeain caeac/eea.

?acoiaaony, oaeay caaeneiinoue aano?aeia, iioiio /oi iiae?yae/ee ia
iiaeao eae iaeiaiieaoaeueuee noaaeoue naie oeiainiaua eioa?anu (a aeaea
i?aaa ia au/ao aoiaeiiai IAeN) a i?yioth caaeneiinoue io aeaenoaee
ae?oaiai oicyenoaothuaai noauaeoa (caeac/eea), oae eae yoi i?ioeai?a/eo
aai eiinoeoooeeiiiui i?aaai.

CAEETH*AIEA

Aeaaay iauyniaiea ?anniio?aiiui a iiae aeeieiiiie ?aaioa i?iaeai,
oioaeinue au neacaoue, /oi i?e/eiie aicieeiiaaiey, a ia?aoth i/a?aaeue,
yaeyaony ia?acaeoinoue nenoaiu einaaiiiai iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey. A oii, /oi
ia oniaa ?acia?aoueny a iieiaeeoaeueiuo e io?eoeaoaeueiuo noi?iiao
i?eiyoiai a ia/aea 90-o aiaeia iaeiaa ia aeiaaaeaiioth noieiinoue, ia
nicaeaa aeinoaoi/ioth iao/ii-oai?aoe/aneoth aaco, ia i?aaeoniio?aa
eciaiaiey a niioonoaothueo iaiaeiaaaeiuo ioa/anoaaiiuo aooaaeoa?neeo
?aaeno?ao, aaea ia aue i?aaeoniio?ai ii?yaeie io?aaeaiey aaee/eiu
aeiaaaeaiiie noieiinoe, e, neaaeiaaoaeueii, aeinoiaa?ii ii?aaeaeeoue
iaeiaiiaeaaaaiue iai?io i?aeoe/anee iaaiciiaeii.

Aieaa oiai, a i?aeoo iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey auee aiaea/aiu noiiu, niaa?oaiii
ia eiathuea ioiioaiey e aeiaaaeaiiie noieiinoe: oeiainiaay iiiiuue,
noiiu i?aaeiieao, aaainiaua aciinu, noiiu oo?aoia, aeoeeciua iaaeaaaee e
o.ae.

I?eaioaoeey ?aiaa aeaenoaothueo iieiaeaiee aei i?eiyoey Iaeiaiaiai
eiaeaena ia iianaianoiue anaiauaiethuee ioaao ?acoeueoaoia
oiaa?iiaiaiiuo iia?aoeee, iauyniyaony iaeiaaea nouanoaiaaaoae
ainoaea?noaaiiie iieeoeeie oeaiiaiai iinoiyinoaa.

Iaeia ia aeiaaaeaiioth noieiinoue, aaaaeaiiue n 01.01.92 aiaea, aue
i?ecaai i?aiyonoaiaaoue iaiainiiaaiiiio caauoaieth oeai. I?yiia aai
iacia/aiea – niaeaenoaiaaoue iiaeaea?aeaieth i?iii?oeeiiaeueiinoe e
yeaeaaeaioiinoe oiaa?iiai iaiaia – a oi a?aiy ia i?eieiaeinue ai
aieiaiea. E i?eoei a?aiy eiaaea iaaei auei ?aoaoue iac?aaoea i?iaeaiu.
Iaoa ainoaea?noai acyei eo?n ia i?iaaaeaiea iaeiaiaie ?aoi?iu e
eiaeeoeeaoeeth iaeiaiaiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa. Ii eaaeaony iniiaiui
iiaeoiaeii e aa i?iaaaeaieth yaeyaony i?eioeei “?acaaaeee aiai”:
caeiiiaeaoaeue i?eieiaao ioaeaeueiua iieiaeaiey Iaeiaiaiai eiaeaena n
oai ?an/aoii, /oi au a ethaie iiiaio a iaai iiaeii aoaeao aianoe
eciaiaiey e aeiiieiaiey. Iai?eia?, a eiioea aeaeaa?y 2000 aiaea ai
aoi?oth /anoue IE, aua ia anooieaooth a neeo, oaeaea auee aianaiu
iii?aaee, i?aaiia?iinoue eioi?uo aua aoaeao ioeaiaia i?aaii?eiaieoaeyie.
Oae, aei 01.01.2001 aiaea a no.145 IE ?O onoaiaaeeaaea, /oi i?aaiecaoeee
e eiaeeaeaeoaeueiua i?aaei?eieiaoaee iiaoo auoue inaiaiaeaeaiu io
eniieiaiey iaycaiiinoe iaeiaiieaoaeueueea, naycaiiuo n en/eneaieai e
oieaoie IAeN, anee a oa/aiee i?aaeoanoaothueo o?ao iineaaeiaaoaeueiuo
iaeiaiauo ia?eiaeia iaeiaiaay aaca yoeo i?aaiecaoeee e eiaeeaeaeoaeueiuo
i?aaei?eieiaoaeae, en/eneaiiay ii iia?aoeeyi, i?eciaaaaiay iauaeoii
iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey, ia i?aauneea 1 iei. ?oaeae. Yoi iicaieyei,
?oeiaiaenoaoynue no.52 IE ?O, a niioaaonoaee n eioi?ie iaeiaiieaoaeueuee
naiinoiyoaeueii en/eneyao noiio iaeiaa, iiaeeaaeauoth oieaoa ca
iaeiaiaue ia?eiae, n o/aoii iaeiaiaie aacu, iaeiaiaie noaaee e iaeiaiauo
eueaio, o?aeoiaaoue yoo ii?io a oii niunea, /oi ieeeeii ioiineony e
eaaeaeiio iaeiaiaiio ia?eiaeo (ianyoeo). Oaia?ue aea caeiiiaeaoaee
ooi/iytho oi?ioee?iaeo, oeacuaay. *oi iaeiaiieaoaeueueee eiatho i?aai ia
inaiaiaeaeaiea io eniieiaiea iaycaiiinoae, naycaiiuo n en/eneaieai e
oieaoie iaeiaa, anee ca o?e i?aaeoanoaothueo iineaaeiaaoaeueiuo ianyoeaa
noiia au?o/ee io ?aaeecaoeee oiaa?ia (?aaio, oneoa) ia i?aauneea a
niaieoiiinoe.

Yoa iiniaoiinoue caeiiiaeaoaeae, eae noaei iiiyoii ec iiae aeeieiiiie
?aaiou ie e /aio oi?ioaio ia i?eaaei.

Oae eae aeaiiay noaouey oooaeoaao iieiaeaiea iaeiaiieaoaeueueea e oi,
/oi caeiiiaeaoaee aianee aeaiiue caeii n ia?ooaieai onoaiiaeaiiuo i?aaee
e oai naiui i?eaeae caeiio ia?aoioth neeo, oi no.145 aeieaeia
o?aeoiaaoueny eae oi, /oi 01.01.2001 aiaea yaeyaony aeaoie
inaiaiaeaeaiey io iaycaiiinoae iaeiaiieaoaeueueea, ii en/eneaieth e
oieaoa IAeN eiaeeaeaeoaeueiuo i?aaei?eieiaoaeae.

I?iaeaia aiciauaiey IAeN ec athaeaeaoa yenii?oa?ia noaei i?iaeaiie,
eioi?oth iaeuecy ?aoeoue, ia ouaiea /ueeo-oi eioa?ania. Iacaeiiiia
aiciauaiea i?eia?aei oaeea ianooaau, /oi noaaeo iiae niiiaiea naio
oeaeaniia?aciinoue i?eiaiaiey iaeiaa ia aeiaaaeaiioth noieiinoue.
Aeiaieueii oaee aieueoia eiee/anoai i?aaeeaaaaiuo ?aoaiee, eae oi,
nicaeaiea niaoen/aoia aeey ?an/aoia ii IAeN a aaieao, eiaaea aaoi? eaeae
i?aaeiieaaaao, /oi ?aii eee iicaeii yoa noiia, iieo/aiiay o iieoiaoaey
ieaaeaony a athaeaeaoa. Nei?aa anaai, yoa noiia a athaeaeaoa ia
ieaaeaony ieeiaaea, eoi eee /oi iiaeao canoaaeoue i?iiaaeooi/ioth
“iaeiiaeiaaeo” ia?a/eneeoue aeaiueae a athaeaeao iaiiiyoii.

I?aaeeaaaao ?aoaiea aiiaua ioiaieoue aiciauaiea, a yenii?oa?ai
eiiiaine?iaaoue eo aeiiieieoaeueiua cao?aou.

Anoue i?aaeeiaeaiea ioiaieoue aiciauaiea aeey yenii?oa?ia oiaa?ia n
ieceie aeiaaaeaiiie noieiinoueth, e eioi?ui ioiinyony yenii?oa?u
nu?ueaauo e yia?aaoe/aneeo ?ano?nia. A oaeaea iaaeaeeoue i?aaii
ia?auaoueny ca aica?aoii IAeN i?e yenii?oa oieueei
i?iecaiaeeoaey-yenii?oa?a, eeoay yoiai i?aaa iin?aaeieeia.

Ana yoe i?aaeeiaeaiey iiea inoathony oieueei i?aaeeiaeaieyie, a AOE e
IIN nicaeatho i?aiiiu a aeaea oneiaeiaiey ioi?ieaiey oiaa?ia ia yenii?o.
*oi ieeae ia iiaeao iieiaeeoaeueii io?aceoueny ia eiieo?aioiie
niiniaiinoe iaoeo oiaa?ia ia aiaoiayeiiiie/aneeo ?uieao.

Aieueoeinoai aaoi?ia naie ia aiieia oaa?aiu a i?aaeeaaaaiuo ?aoaieyo
yoie i?iaeaiu e ia?auathony n i?inueaie e o/aiui e i?aeoeeai a au?aaioea
i?eaieaiuo ?aoaiee ii ono?aiaieth neiaeeaoeony iaaaoeaiuo oaiaeaioeee,
eeeaeaeaoeee eacaae e iaoeiaoeee n oeaeueth iaiainiiaaiiiai iieo/aiey
athaeaeaoiuo n?aaenoa.

A ia iineaaeie, caeai/eaay ?anniio?aiea yoie i?iaeaiu e ia?aoiaey e
ae?oaie, neaaeo, /oi a i?iaeoa oaaea?aeueiiai athaeaeaoa ia 2002 aiae
noiia n?aaenoa, i?aaeiacia/aiiuo e aiciauaieth iaeiaiieaoaeueueeai –
aic?anoaao a 4,6 ?aca e ninoaaeo 225 ieeeea?aeia ?oaeae, oi anoue aieaa
30% io anae noiiu iaeiaa.

Neaaeothuae i?iaeaiie, eioi?oth y ?anniio?ae yaeyaony i?iaeaia i?eciaiey
aaainiauo ieaoaaeae iauaeoii iaeiaa ia aeiaaaeaiioth noieiinoue.
Iaeioi?ua aaoi?u ieooo, /oi aea, ia aoiaeyo a iauaeo iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey,
ii ioiineony e eiui iieacaoaeyi, eioi?ua oi?ie?otho iaeiaiiaeaaaaioth
aaco. Oae eae IAeN yaeyaony oaeei iaeiaii, o eioi?iai iaeiaiiaeaaaaiay
aaca ia niaiaaeaao n iauaeoii iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey. Ii eaeea iiaoo auoue
iieacaoaee – e?iia noieiinoiuo, eioi?ua i?aaeiacia/aiu aeey ii?aaeaeaiey
IAeN y ia ciath.

Ae?oaea aaoi?u i?yii aiai?yo, /oi aaainu ia ioiinyony e iauaeoo
iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey e n ieo ia aeieaeai oiea/eaaoueny IAeN. Oae eae
iaeiaeaiea aaainiauo ieaoaaeae i?ioeai?a/eo naiiio iacaaieth iaeiaa, oi
anoue iaeia ia aeiaaaeaiioth noieiinoue. Iie iaaeioiaaatho, eaeoth
aeiaaaeaiioth noieiinoue nicaeatho ?an/aou ii oieaoa aaainiauo
ieaoaaeae, aaaeue aeiaaaeaiiay noieiinoue nicaeaaony a i?ioeanna
i?iecaiaenoaa, a ia a i?ioeanna aeaiaaeiiai ia?auaiey. A no.146 IE ?O
/aoei i?iienaiu iauaeou iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey iaeiaa ia aeiaaaeaiioth
noieiinoue. E aiai?eoue i oii, /oi aaainiaua ieaoaaee yoi eiua
iieacaoaee iaeuecy. Ana aiai?eo i oii, /oi iaaei/aou, eioi?ua auee
?aiueoa aua ia ?aoaiu.

E o?aouey i?iaeaia, eioi?oth y ?anniio?ae, yoi i?iaeaia iaeiaeaiey IAeN
no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo ?aaio, auiieiaiiuo oicniiniaii.

Iiyoue caeanue aeaeeony iiniaoiinoue caeiiiaeaoaeae, a ?acoeueoaoa
eioi?ie aicieeatho nii?u.

Nooue i?iaeaiu caeeth/aaony a oii, /oi Iaoiaee/aneeie ?aeiiaiaeaoeeyie
ii i?eiaiaieth aeaau 21 IE ?O, ?acuyniyaony, /oi niaeanii i.6 no.171 IE
?O au/aoo iiaeeaaeeo oieueei noiia IAeN, en/eneaiiay iaeiaiieaoaeueueeii
aeey auiieiaiey no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo ?aaio, auiieiaiiuo oicniiniaii,
ii?aaeaeyaiay a niioaaonoaee ni no.173 IE ?O eae oiaiueoaiea noiiu ia
noiio iaeiaa, i?aaeuyaeaiiay iaeiaiieaoaeueueeo e au/aoo ii
i?eia?aoaiiui oiaa?ai (?aaioai, oneoaai), eniieueciaaiiui ei aeey
auiieiaiey oeacaiiuo no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo ?aaio, noiia iaeiaa,
en/eneyaiay ii auiieiaiiui oicniiniaii no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiui ?aaioai a
niioaaonoaee n i.10 no.167 IE ?O.

Oaeei ia?acii, niaeanii ?aeiiaiaeaoeeyi IIN ?O, iaeiaiieaoaeueuee
ai?aaa aiciauaoue noiiu IAeN, oiea/aiiua iinoaaueeai (iiae?yae/eeai) i?e
auiieiaiee ?aaio, ca n/ao IAeN, ia/eneyaiiai ia noieiinoue ?aaio.

Aeaiiay iiceoeey iaeiaiaiai i?aaia i?aaenoaaeyaony ioeai/iie. ?anniio?aa
iieiaeaiey IE ?O au/aoo iiaeeaaeeo any noiia IAeN, ia/eneaiiay ia
noieiinoue ?aaio, a oaeaea noiia iaeiaa, oiea/aiiay iaeiaiieaoaeueueeii
iinoaaueeai (iiae?yae/eeai) i?e auiieiaiee no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo ?aaio
aeey nianoaaiiiai iio?aaeaiey.

Niaeanii no.31 Caeiia ?O “I aaaaeaiee a aeaenoaea /anoe aoi?ie IE ?O…”
ii i?aaiioiioaieyi, aicieeoei aei aaaaeaiea a aeaenoaea /anoe aoi?ie IE
?O, Eiaeaen i?eiaiyaony e oai i?aaai e iaycaiiinoyi, eioi?ua aicieeee
iinea aaaaeaiey aai a aeaenoaea. E oieueei Caeiiii ?O io 24.01.2001
aiaea ?33-OC, anooieaoaai a neeo 27.04.2001 a. auee aianaiu eciaiaiey a
no.31 oeacaiiiai auoa caeiia i oii, /oi niioaaonoaothuea noiiu IAeN
iiaeeaaeao au/aoo oieueei a /anoe noiiu iaeiaa, i?eoiaeyueany ia ?aaiou
auiieiaiiua iinea 31.12.2000 a. Neaaeiaaoaeueii, i?e i?eiyoee ia o/ao
iauaeoa caaa?oaiiiai eaieoaeueiui no?ieoaeuenoaii a ia?eiae io 01.01.
aei 26.012001 aiaea iaeiaiieaoaeueuee aeieaeai ia/eneeoue IAeN ia anth
noieiinoue no?ieoaeueii-iiioaaeiuo ?aaio, auiieiaiiuo oicniiniaii e
niioaaonoaaiii ai?aaa aicianoeoue IAeN, oiea/aiiue iinoaaueeai
(iiae?yae/eeai) ii anai ?aaioai, a oii /enea, auiieiaiiui aei 01.01.2001
aiaea.

Ana yoe i?iaeaiu ieeae ia aucuaatho aeiaa?ey e aeaaa 21 Iaeiaiaiai
eiaeaena. Aicieeaao oa?ica “?anoaneeaaiey” iaeiaiaie nenoaiu aioo?e
iaeiaiaiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa. Anoue iianiinoue oiai, /oi Iaeiaiaue
eiaeaen ?O a ieii/aoaeueiii naiai aa?eaioa noaiao neeoeii iauaiiui e
o?oaeiui aeey i?eiaiaiey, a yoi nouanoaaiii ineiaeieo e aac oiai
caiooaiiua ioiioaiey, naycaiiuo n en/eneaieai e oieaoie iaeiaia e
nai?ia. Iieo/aaony, /oi caeiiiaeaoaee, eae au iaeaaeuaaynue, ono?aiytho
nianoaaiiua ia?aoe, caauaay iiiaea ae?oaea.

Ianiiiaiii, ?aoi?ie?iaaiea iaeiaiiaeiaeaiey – aanueia o?oaeiaieay
?aaioa, e i?e ?ac?aaioea niioaaonoaothuaai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa o?oaeii
o/anoue ana ithainu. Iaeiaei a?yae ee iiaeii niaeaneoueny n i?in/aoaie,
eioi?ua eiathony a iaoae i?aaiaie nenoaia. Iiaeiaiay ianoaaeeueiinoue
iaeiaiaiai caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa aucuaaao yooaeo, ia?aoiue oiio, ?aaee
eioi?iai i?eieiathony iii?aaee caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii i iaeiaao e nai?ao.
Aianoi oi?iuaiey i?ioeaaeo?u en/eneaiey e oieaou iaeiaa i?ienoiaeeo
anaia?iia aa oneiaeiaiea e caioouaaiea, /oi io?eoeaoaeueii neacuaaaony
eae ia naieo iaeiaiieaoaeueueeao, oae e ia aeayoaeueiinoe iaeiaiauo
i?aaiia, ?aaioieee eioi?uo oaeaea aeaeaei ia anaaaea iiaoo
ni?eaioe?iaaoueny a caeiiiaeaoaeueiuo oeo?inieaoaieyo.

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