Музыкальный образ

Niaea?aeaiea.

Aaaaeaiea. Ia?aciinoue eae iniiaa iocueaeueiiai eneonnoaa.

Aeaaa 1. Iiiyoea ooaeiaeanoaaiiiai ia?aca a iocueaeueiii eneonnoaa.

Aeaaa 2. Ia?aciinoue, eae iniiaa oai?/anoaa eiiiiceoi?ia.

( 1 Ia?aciue no?ie iocuee N. ?aoiaieiiaa.

( 2. Ia?aciue no?ie iocuee O. Eenoa.

( 3. Ia?aciue no?ie iocuee Ae. Oinoaeiae/a.

Aeaaa 3. Iaiauaiiua i?aaenoaaeaiey i niiniaao iinoeaeaiey iocueaeueiiai
ia?aca.

Aeaaa 4. ?ane?uoea oaiu «Iocueaeueiue ia?ac» ia o?ieao iocuee a 7 eeanna
iauaia?aciaaoaeueiie oeieu.

Iocueaeueiua caiyoey ii iiaie i?ia?aiia iaoeaeaiu ia ?acaeoea
iocueaeueiie eoeueoo?u o/aueony. Aaaeiaeoei eiiiiiaioii iocueaeueiie
eoeueoo?u yaeyaony aini?eyoea iocuee. Aia aini?eyoey iao iocuee, o.e.
iii yaeyaony iniiaiui caaiii e iaiaoiaeeiui oneiaeai eco/aiey e iiciaiey
iocuee. Ia iai aace?oaony eiiiiceoi?neay, eniieieoaeueneay,
neooaoaeueneay, iaaeaaiae/aneay e iocueiaaae/aneay aeayoaeueiinoue.

Iocuea eae aeeaia eneonnoai ?iaeaeaaony e aeeaao a ?acoeueoaoa
aaeeiaiey anao aeaeia aeayoaeueiinoe. Iauaiea iaaeaeo ieie i?ienoiaeeo
/a?ac iocueaeueiua ia?acu, o.e. aia ia?acia iocuea (eae aeae eneonnoaa)
ia nouanoaoao. A niciaiee eiiiiceoi?a iiae aicaeaenoaeai iocueaeueiuo
aia/aoeaiee e oai?/aneiai aiia?aaeaiey ca?iaeaeaaony iocueaeueiue ia?ac,
eioi?ue caoai aiieiuaaony a iocueaeueiii i?iecaaaeaiee.

Neooaiea iocueaeueiiai ia?aca, – o.a. aeeciaiiiai niaea?aeaiey,
aiieiuaiiiai a iocueaeueiuo caoeao, iaoneiaeeaaao ana inoaeueiua a?aie
iocueaeueiiai aini?eyoey.

Aini?eyoea – noauaeoeaiue ia?ac i?aaeiaoa, yaeaiey eee i?ioeanna
iaiin?aaenoaaiii aicaeaenoaothuaai ia aiaeecaoi? eee nenoaio
aiaeecaoi?ia.

Eiiaaea oa?ieiii aini?eyoey iaicia/aaony oaeaea nenoaia aeaenoaee,
iai?aaeaiiuo ia iciaeiieaiea n i?aaeiaoii, aicaeaenoaothuei ia i?aaiu
/oanoa, o.a. /oanoaaiii-enneaaeiaaoaeueneay aeayoaeueiinoue
iaaethaeaiey. Eae ia?ac aini?eyoea anoue iaiin?aaenoaaiiia io?aaeaiea
i?aaeiaoa a niaieoiiinoe aai naienoa, a iauaeoeaiie oeaeinoiinoe. Yoi
ioee/aao aini?eyoea io iuouaiey, eioi?ia oaeaea yaeyaony
iaiin?aaenoaaiiui /oanoaaiiui io?aaeaieai, ii eeoue ioaeaeueiuo naienoa
i?aaeiaoia e yaeaiee aicaeaenoaothueo ia aiaeecaoi?u.

Ia?ac – noauaeoeaiue oaiiiai, aicieeathuee a ?acoeueoaoa
i?aaeiaoii-i?aeoe/aneie, naini?ii-ia?oeaioeaiie, iuneeoaeueiie
aeayoaeueiinoe, i?aaenoaaeythuee niaie oeaeinoiia eioaa?aeueiia
io?aaeaiea aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe, a eioi?ii iaeiia?aiaiii i?aaenoaaeaiu
iniiaiua eaoaai?ee (i?ino?ainoai, aeaeaeaiea, oeaao, oi?ia, oaeoo?a e o.
ae.). A eioi?iaoeeiiiii ioiioaiee ia?ac i?aaenoaaeyao niaie iaiau/ii
aieoth oi?io ?ai?acaioaoeee ie?oaeathuae aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe.

Ia?aciia iuoeaiea – iaeei ec iniiaiuo aeaeia iuoeaiey, auaeaeyaiue
ia?yaeo n iaaeyaeii-aeaenoaaiiui e neiaanii-eiae/aneei iuoeaieai.
Ia?acu-i?aaenoaaeaiey aunooiatho, eae aaaeiue i?iaeoeo ia?aciiai
iuoeaiey e eae iaeii aai ooieoeeiie?iaaiey.

Ia?aciia iuoeaiea iineo eae iai?iecaieueiue, oae e i?iecaieueiue
oa?aeoa?. I?eaiii 1-ai yaeythony niiaeaeaiey, a?acu. «-2-ia oe?iei
i?aaenoaaeaii a oai?/aneie aeayoaeueiinoe /aeiaaea.

Ooieoeee ia?aciiai iuoeaiey naycaiu n i?aaenoaaeaieai neooaoeee e
eciaiaiee a ieo, eioi?ua /aeiaae oi/ao aucaaoue a ?acoeueoaoa naiae
aeayoaeueiinoe, i?aia?acothuee neooaoeeth, n eiie?aoecaoeeae iaueo
iieiaeaiee.

N iiiiuueth ia?aciiai iuoeaiey aieaa iieii ainnicaeaaony ana
iiiaiia?acea ?acee/iuo oaeoe/aneeo oa?aeoa?enoee i?aaeiaoa. A ia?aca
iiaeao auoue caoeene?iaaii iaeiia?aiaiiia aeaeaiea i?aaeiaoa n
ianeieueeeie oi/ae c?aiey. I/aiue aaaeiay iniaaiiinoue ia?aciiai
iuoeaiey – onoaiiaeaiea iai?eau/iuo, «iaaa?iyoiuo» ni/aoaiee i?aaeiaoia
e eo naienoa.

A ia?aciii iuoeaiee eniieuecothony ?acee/iua i?eaiu. E eo /eneo
ioiinyony: oaaee/aiea eee oiaiueoaiea iauaeoa eee aai /anoae,
aaethoeiaoeee (nicaeaiea iiauo i?aaenoaaeaiee iooai i?eniaaeeiaiey a
ia?aciii ieaia /anoae eee naienoa iaeiiai iauaeoa e ae?.), aeeth/aiea
eiathueony ia?acia a iiaue eiiniaeo, iaiauaiea.

Ia?aciia iuoeaiea yaeyaony ia oieueei aaiaoe/anee ?aiiei yoaiii a
?acaeoee ii ioiioaieth e neiaanii-eiae/aneiio iuoeaieth, ii e ninoaaeyao
o ac?ineiai /aeiaaea naiinoiyoaeueiue aeae iuoeaiey, iieo/ay iniaia
?acaeoea a oaoie/aneii e ooaeiaeanoaaiiii oai?/anoaa.

Eiaeeaeaeoaeueiua ?acee/ey a ia?aciii iuoeaiee naycaiu n aeiieie?othuei
oeiii i?aaenoaaeaiee e noaiaiueth ?acaeoey i?eaiia i?aaenoaaeaiey
neooaoeee e eo i?aia?aciaaiee.

A ineoieiaee ia?aciia iuoeaiea eiiaaea iienuaaaony a ea/anoaa
niaoeeaeueiie ooieoeee – aiia?aaeaiey.

Aiia?aaeaiea – ineoieiae/aneee i?ioeann, caeeth/athueeny a nicaeaiee
iiauo ia?acia (i?aaenoaaeaiee) iooai ia?a?aaioee iaoa?eaea aini?eyoee e
i?aaenoaaeaiee, iieo/aiiuo a i?aaeoanoaothuai iiuoa. Aiia?aaeaiea
i?enoua oieueei /aeiaaeo. Aiia?aaeaiea iaiaoiaeeii a ethaii aeaea
aeayoaeueiinoe /aeiaaea, oai aieaa i?e aini?eyoee iocuee e
«iocueaeueiiai ia?aca».

?acee/atho aiia?aaeaiea i?iecaieueiia (aeoeaiia) o iai?iecaieueiia
(ianneaiia), a oaeaea ainnicaeathuaa e oai?/aneia aiia?aaeaiea.
Ainnicaeathuei aiia?aaeaieai iacuaatho i?ioeann nicaeaiey ia?aca
i?aaeiaoa ii aai iienaieth, ?enoieo eee /a?oaaeo. Oai?/aneei
aiia?aaeaieai iacuaatho naiinoiyoaeueiia nicaeaiea iiauo ia?acia. Iii
o?aaoao ioai?a iaoa?eaeia, iaiaoiaeeiuo aeey iino?iaiey ia?aca a
niioaaonoaee n nianoaaiiui caiuneii.

Iniaay oi?ia aiia?aaeaiey – ia/oa. Yoi oaeaea naiinoiyoaeueiia
nicaeaiea ia?acia, ii ia/oa anoue nicaeaiea ia?aca aeaeaaiiai e aieaa
eee iaiaa ioaeaeaiiiai, o.a. ia aeaao iaiin?aaenoaaiii e iaiaaeeaiii
iauaeoeaiiai i?iaeoeoa.

O.i., aeoeaiia aini?eyoea iocueaeueiiai ia?aca i?aaeeaaaao aaeeinoai
aeaoo ia/ae – iauaeoeaiiai e noauaeoeaiiai, o.a. oiai, /oi caeiaeaii a
naiii ooaeiaeanoaaiiii i?iecaaaeaiee, e oao oieeiaaiee, i?aaenoaaeaiee,
annioeeaoeee, eioi?ua ?iaeaeathony a niciaiee neooaoaey a nayce n iei.
I/aaeaeii, /ai oe?a e?oa oaeeo noauaeoeaiuo i?aaenoaaeaiee – oai aiaa/a
e iieiaa aini?eyoea.

Ia i?aeoeea, iniaaiii o aeaoae, ia eiathueo aeinoaoi/iiai iiuoa iauaiey
n iocueie, noauaeoeaiua i?aaenoaaeaiey ia anaaaea aaeaeaaoiu naiie
iocuea. Iiyoiio oae aaaeii iao/eoue o/aueony ?acae?aoueny a oii, /oi
iauaeoeaii niaea?aeeony a iocuea, a /oi i?eaiineony eie naieie; /oi a
yoii «naiai» iaoneiaeaii iocueaeueiui i?iecaaaeaieai, a /oi
i?iecaieueii, iaaeoiaii. Anee a caie?athuai eino?oiaioaeueiii
caeeth/aiee «Caoiaea nieioea» Y.A?eaa ?aayoa ia oieueei oneuoao, ii e
oaeaeyo ea?oeio caoiaea nieioea, oi oieueei c?eoaeueioth annioeeaoeeth
neaaeoao i?eaaonoaiaaoue, o.e. iia auoaeaao ec naiie iocuee. Ii anee
O?aoueae iania Eaey ec iia?u «Niaao?i/ea» I.A. ?eineiai-Ei?naeiaa o/aiee
caiaoee «eaiaeueee aeiaeaey», oi a yoii e a iiaeiaiuo neo/ayo aaaeii ia
i?inoi neacaoue, /oi yoio ioaao iai?aaeeueiue, iaiainiiaaiii
i?eaeoiaiiue, ii e aianoa ni anai eeannii ?acia?aoueny a oii, ii/aio ii
iai?aaeeueiue, ii/aio iaiainiiaaiiue, iiaeoaa?aeea naie iunee
aeieacaoaeuenoaaie, aeinooiiuie ?aayoai ia aeaiiie nooiaie ?acaeoey eo
aini?eyoey.

I?e?iaea oaioace?iaaiey iiae iocueo, ii-aeaeeiiio, ei?aieony a
i?ioeai?a/ee iaaeaeo anoanoaaiiui no?aieaieai /aeiaaea oneuoaoue a
iocuea aa aeeciaiiia niaea?aeaiea e iaoiaieai yoiai aeaeaoue. Iiyoiio
?acaeoea aini?eyoey iocueaeueiiai ia?aca aeieaeii iie?aoueny ia ana
aieaa iieiia ?ane?uoea aeeciaiiiai niaea?aeaiey iocuee a aaeeinoaa n
aeoeaecaoeeae annioeeaoeaiiai iuoeaiey o/aueony. *ai oe?a, iiiaia?aiiaa
ia o?iea aoaeao auyaeyoueny naycue iocuee n aeeciueth, oai aeoaaea
aoaeoo i?iieeaoue o/aueany a aaoi?neee caiunea, oai aieueoa noaiiaeony
aa?iyoiinoue aicieeiiaaiey o ieo i?aaiia?iuo ee/iinoiuo aeeciaiiuo
annioeeaoeee. A ?acoeueoaoa i?ioeann acaeiiaeaenoaey aaoi?neiai caiunea
e neooaoaeueneiai aini?eyoey aoaeao aieaa iieiie?iaiui, aeaenoaaiiui.

*oi cia/eo iocuea a aeecie /aeiaaea?

N naiuo ae?aaieo a?aiai, ia/aei eioi?uo aeaaea naiua aeioioiua
/aeiaa/aneea iaoee onoaiiaeoue ia a ninoiyiee, ia?aiauoiue /aeiaae
iuoaeny nia/aea /enoi /oanoaaiii i?eii?iaeoueny, i?eniiniaeoueny,
aaeaioe?iaaoueny e ?eoiai e eaaeai ?eoie/anee iaiythueany,
?acaeaathueany e cao/auaai ie?a. Yoi caoeene?iaaii a naiuo ae?aaieo
i?aaeiaoao, ieoao, eaaaiaeao, neacaieyo. Yoi aea iiaeii iaaethaeaoue e
naaiaeiy, anee aieiaoaeueii iaaethaeaoue, eae aaaeao, eae /oanoaoao naay
?aaaiie aoeaaeueii n ia?auo /ania aeecie. Eioa?anii, eiaaea iu aae?oa
caia/aai, /oi ?aaaiie io iaeieo caoeia i?eoiaeeo a aaniieieiia,
iaii?iaeueiia, acaieiiaaiiia ninoiyiea aei e?eeia e iea/a, a ae?oaea
i?eaiaeyo aai a ninoiyiea oie?ioai?aiey, niieienoaey e oaeiaeaoai?aiey.
Oaia?ue-oi iaoea aeieacaea, /oi iocueaeueii-?eoiece?iaaiiay, niieieiay,
?acia?aiiay, aeooiaii aiaaoay e ?aciinoi?iiiyy aeeciue aoaeouae iaoa?e a
ia?eiae aa?aiaiiinoe aeaaioai?ii neacuaaaony ia ?acaeoee yia?eiia, ia
aai ynoaoe/aneii aoaeouai.

*aeiaae «i?i?anoay» i/aiue iaaeeaiii e iinoaiaiii a ie? caoeia, e?anie,
aeaeaeaiee, ieanoeee, iinoeaay aanue iiiaia?aiiue e aaneiia/ii
?aciiia?aciue ie?, /oiau nicaeaoue ia?acioth oi?io io?aaeaiey aai
niciaieai yoiai ie?a /a?ac eneonnoai.

Iocuea, naia ii naaa, eae yaeaiea ianoieueei neeueia, /oi i?ieoe ieii
/aeiaaea iacaia/aiiie iia i?inoi ia iiaeao. Aeaaea anee a aeaonoaa iia
auea aeey iaai cae?uoie aeaa?ueth, oi a io?i/anoaa ii ana ?aaii
?aniaoeaaao yoo aeaa?ue e a?inaaony a ?ie- eee iii-eoeueoo?o, aaea
aeaaeii ianuuaaony oai, /oi aue eeoai: aiciiaeiinoueth aeeeiai,
aa?aa?neiai, ii iiaeeeiiiai naiiau?aaeaiey. Ii aaaeue iio?ynaiea,
eioi?ia ii i?e yoii eniuouaaao, iiaei au e ia auoue – a neo/aa
«aeaaiiieo/iiai iocueaeueiiai i?ioeiai».

Oaeei ia?acii iocuea oaeo a naaa ia?iiiua aiciiaeiinoe aicaeaenoaey ia
/aeiaaea, e yoei aicaeaenoaeai iiaeii oi?aaeyoue, /oi e auei ana i?ioeua
aaea. Eiaaea /aeiaae ioiineeny e iocuea, eae e /oaeo, aeaiiiio aeey
iauaiey n aunoei aeooiaiui ie?ii. E ii iia iauaoueny n yoei /oaeii
iinoiyiii. Aiaineoaeaiea nii?iaiaeaeaei /aeiaaea anth aeeciue, ieoaei
aai aeooiaii e aianoa n oai ainieouaaei e ia?aciauaaei. A aaaeue
aiaineoaeaiea – yoi a iniiaa naiae neiai e iocuea. N eaeaiaea?iuie
caieaaeaeue/aneeie i?acaeieeaie naycaia ia?iiiay ianaiii-oaioeaaaeueiay
eoeueoo?a. Naaaeaaiue ia?yae a ooaeiaeanoaaiiii i?aeiieaiee – yoi oeaeay
iaoea i aeecie. Ia?iaeiua oi?iaiaeu – yoi iao/aiea aaiiao?ee, ainieoaiea
i?ino?ainoaaiiiai iuoeaiey, ia aiai?y oae i eoeueoo?a ciaeiinoaa,
iauaiey, ooaaeeaaiey e o.ae. Yiin – a yoi enoi?ey – i?aiiaeiineeny
iocueaeueii.

Iiniio?ei ia i?aaeiaou a oeiea Ae?aaiae A?aoeee: eiaeea, iocuea,
iaoaiaoeea, aeiianoeea, ?eoi?eea. Iaaa?iia, yoiai auei aeinoaoi/ii aeey
ainieoaiey aa?iiie/iiai /aeiaaea. *oi ec yoiai inoaeinue ia naaiaeiyoiee
aeaiue, eiaaea a iaoeo i?ia?aiiao aacaea noiyo neiaa i aa?iiie/iie
ee/iinoe. Oieueei iaoaiaoeea. *oi oaeia eiaeea e ?eoi?eea a oeiea ia
ciaao ieeoi. Oeceoeueoo?a ie/ai ia iaiiieiaao aeiianoeeo. *oi aeaeaoue n
iocueie oiaea ia ynii. Nae/an o?iee iocuee iinea 5 eeanna oaea ia
iaycaoaeueiu, eo ii oniio?aieth aaeieieno?aoeee oeieu iiaoo caiaiyoue ia
ethaie i?aaeiao «eneonnoaiaaae/aneiai» ieaia. *aua anaai yoi caaeneo io
iaee/ey ioaeiiai o/eoaey, e oai, aaea ii anoue iocuea i?aiiaeaaony. Caoi
a oeieueiie i?ia?aiia aeiaaaeeinue iiiaeanoai ae?oaeo i?aaeiaoia, ii
aa?iiie/iinoue, aeooaaiia e oece/aneia caei?iauea en/acee.

Ii ana-oaee, /oi aea iiaea au, iiaeao iocuea eae yaeaiea aeaoue
/aeiaaeo ia i?ioyaeaiee anae aai aeecie – ia/eiay n naiiai ?aiiaai
aic?anoa.

*oaeiaeua, io eioi?iai iaaei nianaoue nia?aiaiiiai ?aaaiea, – yoi
«ooaiiothuay» n?aaea ianniaie eoeueoo?u. Noaiaea?o e?aniou – «Aa?ae»,
noaiaea?oii eaaeaiyuea e?iaue «oaeanu», noaiaea?oiue ia?ac aeecie…-
/oi iiaeao i?ioeaiiinoaaeoue yoiio iocuea? Aanniuneaiii, aaciaaeaaeii
i?inoi «aeaaaoue» ainieoaiieeo a ea/anoaa aeueoa?iaoeau ia?acoeu aunieie
e?aniou e aeooiaiiai ia?aca aeecie. Ia ainieouaay a iai naiaiaeiiai,
niiniaiiai i?ioeainoiyoue eoeueoo?iiio ianeeeth /aeiaaea. Ieeaeiai
aeooiaiiai i/euaiey, aeoaieiai iiciaiey iocuee e aa neiaeiuo,
i?ioeai?a/eauo ia?acia ia i?iecieaeao, anee aeaoyi i?inoi ia/eoaoue
naaaeaiey i iocuea (eoi eae aa iiieiaao), i eiiiiceoi?ao, «iaaaneoue ia
ooe» iaai? iocueaeueiuo i?iecaaaeaiee, caaaaeiii neeueii aeaenoaothueo
ia yiioeee aeaoae, cao/eoue /oi-oi ec aeia?aoee iocueaioia, iacaaiey
iiioey?iuo i?iecaaaeaiee e o.ae. iieo/eoue «eiiiuethoa?» aeey ?acaaaeee
aii?inia ia «iiea /oaean».

Oaeei ia?acii i?aaeiao «iocuea» a iauaia?aciaaoaeueiie oeiea (anee ii
aiiaua anoue) aaaeaony ii aiaeiaee n ae?oaeie aoiaieoa?iuie i?aaeiaoaie
– niiaueoue iiaieueoa naaaeaiee, eeanneoeoee?iaaoue yaeaiey, aeaoue
anaio iacaaiey…

Oae eae aea naeaeaoue oae, /oiau aunieay caia/aoaeueiay eeanne/aneay
iocuea, aa eo/oea ia?acoeu cao?iioee naiua aeoaieea no?oiu aeooe e
na?aeoea /aeiaaea, noaea aeinooiia e iiiyoia, iiiiaea yaeyynue
io?aaeaieai ie?oaeathuae aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe, iiiyoue yoo
aeaenoaeoaeueiinoue e naiiai naay a neiaeiuo aeeciaiiuo ioiioaieyo.

Aeey ?aoaiey yoie caaea/e a ?anii?yaeaiee iaaeaaiaa anoue, ii nouanoao,
oieueei aeaa eaiaea ia?auaiey e ainieoaiieeo: c?eoaeueiue e neooiaie.
Iie?aynue ia c?aiea iiaeii ainieouaaoue naiaiaeii e naiinoiyoaeueii,
ynii e /aoei iuneyuaai /aeiaaea (iai?eia?, i?e aini?eyoee ea?oei
ooaeiaeieeia, neoeueioo?, oaaeeoe, iaaeyaeiuo iiniaee e o.ae.). Neoo aea
i?aaenoaao iai a ea/anoaa aeaaiie aeaa?e a iiaeniciaoaeueiue ie?
/aeiaaea a ie? aai iiaeaeaeiie – eae iocuea! – aeooe. Eiaiii a
iaeeaeaiee caoeia, a eo ei?ioeie aeecie, aa oa/aiea, oie?aiea,
?iaeaeaiea. E ia iocueie ee ainieouaaoue /aeiaaea aeoaiei e oiiei,
naiaiaeii /oanoaothuaai?

Niaianoiia iocuoee?iaaiea – ea?a a i?eano?a, a ainaiaea, iaiea a oi?a,
iocueaeueiua iinoaiiaee – i?ae?anii ?aoatho iiiaea ineoieiae/aneea
i?iaeaiu iauaiey: canoai/eaue ?aaaiie iiaeao, o/anoaoy a oaeii
iocueaeueiii aeaenoaa, ii/oanoaiaaoue naay a oeaio?a aeecie; a
oai?/aneee ?aaaiie – i?iyaeo naith oaioaceth ia aeaea. Aeaoe /oanoaotho
oeaiiinoue eaaeaeiai a iauai aeaea.

I?eano? – yoi ooaeiaeanoaaiiay iiaeaeue iauanoaa. ?aciua eino?oiaiou a
i?eano?a – yoi ?aciua ethaee, i?e acaeiiiiieiaiee aeinoeaathuea ie?a e
niaeaney. *a?ac ooaeiaeanoaaiiue ia?ac eaaeeo iooue e iiieiaieth
nioeeaeueiuo ioiioaiee. ?aciua eino?oiaiou – yoi e ?aciua ia?iaeu a
ie?a. Yoi e ?aciua aieina yaeaiee i?e?iaeu, neeaathueony a oeaeue
i?eano?.

Ii?aceoaeai oa?aiaaoe/aneee yooaeo io iocuoee?iaaiey, iocueaeueiua
eino?oiaiou a ?oeao /aeiaaea – yoi ee/iue ineoioa?aiaao. Ea?a ia
eino?oiaioao ea/eo ia?ooaiey aeuoaiey, aieioue aei ?ani?ino?aiaiiie
nae/an anoiu, eii?aeeiaoeeiiiua ia?ooaiey, ia?ooaiey neooa, o/eo noieue
iaiaoiaeeiiio a iaoa a?aiy oiaieth eiioeaio?e?iaaoueny e ?anneaaeyoueny.

Eoae, ia caiyoeyo iocueie aeaoe aeieaeiu iinoiyiii eniuouaaoue
?aaeinoue, /oi, ?acoiaaony ninoaaeyao i?aaeiao ouaoaeueiie caaiou
o/eoaey. Caoai iinoaiaiii i?eoiaeeo /oanoai oaeiaeaoai?aiey io
aeinoeaiooie oeaee, io eioa?aniiai iauaiey n iocueie, ?aaeinoue io
naiiai i?ioeanna o?oaea. E eae ?acoeueoao ee/iiai oniaoa ioe?uaaaony
«auoiae a iauanoai»: aiciiaeiinoue iiauoue o/eoaeai – iio/eoue i?inoiio
iocuoee?iaaieth ?iaeeoaeae, nanoa?, a?aoueaa, niea/eaay oai naiui
naiaeiua ioiioaiey /a?ac niaianoiua caiyoey. I?i/iinoue naiaeiuo
ioiioaiee a i?ioeii ai iiiaii noiyea ia niaianoiuo caiyoeyo, aoaeue oi
?aaioa eee ioaeuo; oae auei e a e?anoueyineeo e a ?aianeaiiuo e a
iiiaue/ueeo naiueyo.

Anoue ee nae/an aua eaeie-ieaoaeue i?aaeiao, eioi?ue a oie aea ia?a,
/oi e iocuea, iia au acyoue ia naay ?aoaiea i?iaeai nia?aiaiiiai
iauanoaa?

E iaaa?iia, ia neo/aeii, ?ae aaaeue anaaaea ecia?aaeatho iocueaeueii:
aiaaeueneea oi?u, o?iiaiiu e a?ou. E ia eaeaaeueiii iauanoaaiiii
ono?ienoaa aiai?yo iocueaeueiui ycueii: aa?iiiey, eaae, no?ie.

Eaeaaeueiay neooaoeey – eiaaea ana aiciiaeiinoe iocuee aoaeoo iauanoaii
aino?aaiaaiu e aini?eiyou. Aaaeii, /oiau ethaee iniciaee, /oi iocuea –
yoi eaeaae, /oiau aeaeaoue oaae eiaiii a iai?aaeaiee eaeaaea.

N iocueie iaaei aeeoue, a ia eco/aoue aa. Cao/auay, iocuoee?othuay
n?aaea naia ia/eiaao ainieouaaoue e iao/aoue. E /aeiaae a eiioea eiioeia
ia niiaeao niaeaneoueny n oai, /oi ii «iocueaeueiue».

Caa. Eaai?aoi?eae iocuee IEE oeie II Aieiaeia n/eoaao, /oi ia o?iea
iocuee noaiiaeony i?eioeeieaeueii aaaeiui: ?aaeecoao ee o/eoaeue
iniiaioth oeaeue ainieoaiey – ioe?uoea aeecie, ioe?uoea naay a yoii
ie?a. ssaeyaony ee o?ie iocuee oieueei eeoue inaiaieai aua iaeiiai aeaea
aeayoaeueiinoe, eee yoi o?ie, oi?ie?othuee i?aanoaaiiue noa?aeaiue
ee/iinoe, a iniiaa eioi?iai eaaeeo no?aieaiea e e?anioa, aeia?o, i?aaaea
– e oiio, /oi aicauoaao /aeiaaea. Iiyoiio, o/aiee ia o?iea – ee/iinoue,
iinoiyiii euouay e i?eia?aoathuay niune aeecie ia caiea.

?aciiia?acea iocueaeueiie aeayoaeueiinoe ia o?ieao aua ioithaeue ia
iieacaoaeue aeoaeiu aeooiaiie aeecie. Aieaa oiai, iocueaeueiay
aeayoaeueiinoue iiaeao ieacaoueny niaa?oaiii ia nii?yaeaiiie n
aeayoaeueiinoueth aeooiaiie a oii niunea, /oi eneonnoai iiaeao
aunooiaoue aeey ?aayo eae i?aaeiao, oieueei eae iaeee oai?/aneee
?acoeueoao, ?ani?ino?aiythueeny aiaia aac aica?auaiey e naiiio naaa.
Iiyoiio niaa?oaiii iaiaoiaeeii, /oiau iocueaeueiay aeayoaeueiinoue ia
noaea naiioeaeueth, a /oiau niaea?aeaiea eneonnoaa noaei «niaea?aeaieai»
?aaaiea, aeooiaiay ?aaioa noaea ioe?iaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoueth aai iuneae
e /oanoa. Oieueei a yoii neo/aa o/eoaeue e ?aaaiie niiaoo iaeoe a
caiyoeyo eneonnoaii ee/iinoiue niune, e iii aeaenoaeoaeueii noaiao
ieiaei?iaeiie «ii/aie» aeey ac?aueaaiey aeooiaiiai ie?a, aeey iienea
iaeeo/oeo iooae i?aanoaaiiiai naiiau?aaeaiey. Ionthaea neaaeoao, /oi
iocuea – yoi ainieoaiea ia iocueaioa, a /aeiaaea. Iocuea – enoi/iee e
i?aaeiao aeooiaiiai iauaiey. Iaiaoiaeeii no?aieoueny e ?anoe?aieth e
oaeoaeaieth o oeieueieeia oeaeinoiiai iocueaeueiiai aini?eyoey, eae
aeooiaiiai iaeaaeaiey i?iecaaaeaieyie eneonnoaa, eae iauaiey n
aeooiaiuie oeaiiinoyie; oi?ie?iaaoue eioa?an e aeecie /a?ac
oaea/aiiinoue iocueie. Iocuea aeieaeia auoue ia o?ieii eneonnoaa, a
o?ieii Eneonnoaa, o?ieii /aeiaaeiaaaeaiey.

Ooaeiaeanoaaiii-ia?aciia iuoeaiea ia o?ieao iaiaoiaeeii ?acaeaaoue aeey
oiai, /oiau ?aaaiie niia noiaoue acaeyiooue ii-naiaio ia yaeaiey e
i?ioeannu ie?oaeathuaai ie?a a oeaeii e /a?ac yoi aeoaaea ii/oanoaiaaoue
naie aeooiaiue ie?. Ooaeiaeanoaaiiinoue – yoi i?aaeaea anaai oaeay
i?aaiecaoeey n?aaenoa au?aaeaiey, eioi?ay aeaenoaoao iaiin?aaenoaaiii ia
/oanoaa e yoe /oanoaa eciaiyao. Ooaeiaeanoaaiiue iaoa?eae ia o?iea
iaania/eaaao ?aaeueiue auoiae ca i?aaeaeu iocuee a ECI, eeoa?aoo?o, a
aeeciue e aeaeaa, /a?ac ?aciuoeaiey iaae ie?ii e aica?auaiea ?aaaiea e
naaa, e naiaio aioo?aiiaio iuouaieth oeaiiinoae, ioiioaiee e o.ae.

Iocueaeueiia eneonnoai, ianiio?y ia anth naith oieeaeueioth
niaoeeoe/iinoue, ia iiaeao auoue ieiaeioai?ii inaiaii aac iiaeaea?aeee
ni noi?iiu ae?oaeo aeaeia eneonnoaa, o.e. oieueei a eo i?aaie/aneii
aaeeinoaa iiaeii iiciaoue oeaeinoiinoue e aaeeinoai ie?a,
oieaa?naeueiinoue caeiiia aai ?acaeoey ai anai aiaaonoaa /oanoaaiiuo
iuouaiee, iiiaiia?acey caoeia, e?anie, aeaeaeaiee.

Oeaeinoiinoue, ia?aciinoue, annioeeaoeaiinoue, eioiiaoeeiiiinoue,
eii?iaecaoeeiiiinoue – aio oa iniiaaiey ia eioi?uo iiaeao auoue iino?iai
i?ioeann i?eiauaiey oeieueieeia e iocuea.

I?aaiecaoeey iocueaeueiiai ainieoaiey ia iniiaa eceiaeaiiuo auoa
i?eioeeiia aeaaioai?ii aeeyao ia ?acaeoea aaciaie niiniaiinoe ?anoouaai
/aeiaaea – ?acaeoea ooaeiaeanoaaiii-ia?aciiai iuoeaiey. Yoi iniaaiii
aaaeii aeey ieaaeoaai oeieueieea, o eioi?iai iaaethaeaaony aieueoay
i?aae?aniieiaeaiiinoue e iiciaieth ie?a /a?ac ia?acu.

Eaeea aea nouanoaotho i?eaiu aeey ?acaeoey ooaeiaeanoaaiii-ia?aciiai
iuoeaiey?

I?aaeaea anaai nenoaia aii?inia e caaeaiee, iiiiaathueo ?ane?uaaoue
aeaoyi ia?aciia niaea?aeaiea iocueaeueiiai eneonnoaa, aeieaeiu
i?aaenoaaeyoue niaie ii nooe aeeaeia e ?iaeaeaoue o aeaoae aa?eaiou
oai?/aneeo i?i/oaiee iocueaeueiuo ni/eiaiee. Aii?in ia o?iea iocuee
nouanoaoao ia oieueei e ia noieueei a aa?oeeaeueiie (neiaaniie) oi?ia,
neieueei a aeanoa, a nianoaaiiii eniieiaiee, a ?aaeoeee o/eoaey e aeaoae
ia ea/anoai eniieieoaeueneie, oai?/aneie aeayoaeueiinoe. Aii?in iiaeao
au?aaeaoueny e /a?ac niiinoaaeaiea iocueaeueiuo i?iecaaaeaiee iaaeaeo
niaie e /a?ac niiinoaaeaiea iocueaeueiuo i?iecaaaeaiee n i?iecaaaeaieyie
ae?oaeo aeaeia eneonnoaa. Aaaeia iai?aaeaiiinoue aii?ina: ioaeii, /oiau
ii caino?ye aieiaiea ?aaaiea ia ia au/eaiaiea ioaeaeueiuo n?aaenoa
au?aceoaeueiinoe (a?iiei, oeoi, iaaeeaiii, auno?i – aeoiaaony, /oi
anyeee ii?iaeueiue ?aaaiie yoi neuoeo a iocuea), a ia?auae au aai e
naiaio aioo?aiiaio ie?o, aieaa oiai, e aai iniciaaaaiui e iainiciaaaaiui
/oanoaai, iuneyi, ?aaeoeeyi, aia/aoeaieyi, iiaeathueiny a aai aeooa iiae
aicaeaenoaeai iocuee.

A yoii ieaia aiciiaeiu aii?inu oaeiai oeia:

Iiiieoa ee au naie aia/aoeaiey, iieo/aiiua io yoie iocuee ia i?ioeii
o?iea?

*oi aaaeiaa a iania iocuea eee neiaa?

A a /aeiaaea, /oi aaaeiaa oi eee na?aeoea?

Eaeei ou naay /oanoaiaae, eiaaea cao/aea yoa iocuea?

Aaea au iia iiaea cao/aoue a aeecie, n eai au ou oioae aa neooaoue?

*oi ia?aaeeaae eiiiiceoi?, eiaaea ienae yoo iocueo? Eaeea /oanoaa ii
oioae ia?aaeaoue?

Cao/aea ee o aan a aeooa iiaeiaiay iocuea? Eiaaea?

Eaeea niauoey a naiae aeecie au iiaee au naycaoue n yoie iocueie?

Aaaeii ia oieueei caaeaaaoue aeaoyi aii?in, ii e oneuoaoue ioaao, /anoi
i?eaeiaeueiue, ianoa?aioeiiue, eai iao ie/aai aieaa aiaaoiai, /ai
auneacuaaiey ?aaaiea.

E ionoue a iai aoaeao iiae/an i?ioeai?a/eainoue, iaaeineacaiiinoue, ii
caoi a iai aoaeao eiaeeaeaeoaeueiinoue, ee/iinoiay ie?aoaiiinoue – yoi e
aeieaeai neuoaoue e oeaieoue o/eoaeue.

Neaaeothuee iaaeaaiae/aneee i?eai naycai n i?aaiecaoeeae iocueaeueiie
aeayoaeueiinoe aeaoae ia o?iea, eae iieeoiie/aneiai i?ioeanna. Nooue aai
ninoieo a oii, /oiau nicaeaoue oneiaey aeey i?i/oaiey eaaeaeui ?aaaieii
iaeiiai e oiai aea iocueaeueiiai ia?aca a iaeiii e oi aea a?aiy, enoiaey
ec naiaai eiaeeaeaeoaeueiiai aeaeaiey, neuoaiey, i?i/oanoaiaaiey
cao/auae iocuee. A iaeiii ?aaaiea iia aucuaaao aeaeaaoaeueiue ioeeee, e
ii au?aaeaao naia ninoiyiea a ieanoeea ?oee, oaea, a eaeii-eeai
oaioeaaaeueiii aeaeaeaiee; ae?oaie au?aaeaao naia iiieiaiea ia?acia
iocuee a ?enoiea, a oeaaoa, a eeiee; o?aoee iiaeiaaaao, iiaeua?uaaao ia
iocueaeueiii eino?oiaioa, eii?iaece?oao; a aua eoi-oi «ie/aai ia
aeaeaao», a i?inoi caaeoi/eai, aieiaoaeueii neooaao (a ii nooe – yoi,
iiaeao auoue e yaeyaony naiie na?ueaciie oai?/aneie aeayoaeueiinoueth).
Any ioae?inoue iaaeaaiae/aneie no?aoaaee a aeaiiii neo/aa ninoieo ia a
ioeaiea, eoi eo/oa eee ooaea, a a oiaiee nio?aieoue yoi ?aciiia?acea
oai?/aneeo i?iyaeaiee, iiiu?eoue yoi ?aciiia?acea. ?acoeueoao iu aeaeei
ia a oii, /oiau ana aeaoe iaeeiaeiai /oanoaiaaee, neuoaee, eniieiyee
iocueo, a a oii, /oiau aini?eyoea iocuee aeaoueie ia o?iea i?eia?aoaei
aeae ooaeiaeanoaaiiie «ia?oeoo?u», a eioi?ie ?aaaiie eiaao naie aiein,
eiaeeaeaeoaeueiue, iaiiaoi?eiue, aiineo a iaa naia oieeaeueiia
i?eaeiaeueiia.

Iiciaiea iocueaeueiiai eneonnoaa iu no?iei /a?ac iiaeaee?iaaiea
oai?/aneiai i?ioeanna. Aeaoe noaayony eae au a iiceoeeth aaoi?a (iiyoa,
eiiiiceoi?a), iuoaynue nicaeaoue aeey naay e ae?oaeo i?iecaaaeaiey
eneonnoaa. Iiiyoia iiiai aa?eaioiinoue oaeie i?aaiecaoeee iinoeaeaiey
iocuee. Iaeaieaa iioeiaeueiui i?aaenoaaeyaony iocueaeueii-niuneiaie
aeeaeia, eiaaea, eaey io niunea e niuneo, i?ineaaeeaay ?acaeoea
ia?aciinoe i?iecaaaeaiey aeaoe eae au naie «iaoiaeyo» ioaeiua
eioiiaoeee, eioi?ua iaeaieaa y?ei iiaoo au?aceoue iocueaeueioth iuneue.
I?e oaeii iiaeoiaea iocueaeueiia i?iecaaaeaiea ia aeaaony ?aaaieo a
aioiaii aeaea, eiaaea aai inoaaony i?inoi caiiiieoue, i?ineooaoue,
iiaoi?eoue. Aeey ooaeiaeanoaaiii-ia?aciiai ?acaeoey ?aaaiea ai?acaei
oeaiiaa i?eeoe e i?iecaaaeaieth eae ?acoeueoaoo nianoaaiiiai oai?/anoaa.
Oiaaea ana ia?aciia niaea?aeaiea iocuee, any i?aaiecaoeey e
iineaaeiaaoaeueiinoue iocueaeueiie oeaie noaiiayony «i?iaeeouie»,
ioia?aiiuie naieie aeaoueie.

Iaiaoiaeeii auaeaeeoue aua iaeei iiiaio: oa eioiiaoeee, eioi?ua
iaoiaeyo aeaoe a i?ioeanna naiaai oai?/anoaa ia neaaeoao iaycaoaeueii
«iiaeaiiyoue» eae iiaeii aeeaea e aaoi?neiio i?eaeiaeo. Aaaeii
iiiaaeaiea a iano?iaiea, a yiioeeiiaeueii-ia?acioth noa?o i?iecaaaeaiey.
Oiaaea ia oiia i?iaeeoiai aeaoueie, nicaeaiiiai eie naieie, e aaoi?neee
i?eaeiae noaiiaeony iaeiie ec aiciiaeiinoae aiieiuaiey oiai eee ae?oaiai
aeeciaiiiai niaea?aeaiey, au?aaeaiiiai a aeaiiie iocueaeueiie
ia?aciinoe. Oaeei ia?acii, oeieueieee i?eaeeaeathony e iiieiaieth
oeeinionei-ynoaoe/aneiai iieiaeaiey i aiciiaeiinoe eneonnoaa
iaania/eaaoue aeooiaiia iauaiea eiaiii oie naiae oieeaeueiie
niiniaiinoueth, eiaaea i?e iaee/ee iauaai aeeciaiiiai niaea?aeaiey
au?aaeaaony a iiiaeanoaaiiinoe o?aeoiaie, eniieieoaeueneeo e
neooaoaeueneeo i?i/oaiee.

Ethaie o/eoaeue ciaao, eae aaaeii e a oi aea a?aiy, eae o?oaeii
iiaeaioiaeoue ?aayo e aini?eyoeth iocuee. I?aeoeea iieacuaaao, /oi
iaeeo/oea ?acoeueoaou aeinoeaathony oiaaea, eiaaea iiaeaioiaeoaeueiue
yoai e aini?eyoeth iocuee ioaa/aao aaaeiaeoei o?aaiaaieyi naiiai
aini?eyoey, eiaaea ii i?ioiaeeo oae aea aeeai, ia?acii, oai?/anee.

O?iee iocuee, eae eo aaaeao caneoaeaiiue o/eoaeue oeieu Ia?aa?eoa
Oaaei?iaia Aieiaeia – yoi o?iee aeecie. Aa o?iee ioee/aao no?aieaiea ai
/oi au oi ie noaei «aeinoo/aoueny aei eaaeaeiai; canoaaeoue caaeoiaoueny
i neiaeiinoyo aeecie, caaeyiooue a naay. Iocuea – yoi iniaia eneonnoai –
iaoiaeeoue a ethaie oaia i?ia?aiiu oo i?aanoaaiioth na?aeoeaaeio,
eioi?ay a iae caeiaeaia, e aeaeaoue yoi ia aeinooiiii oeieueieeai
o?iaia, ia oneiaeiyy i?iaeaio, ii e, /oi aua aieaa aaaeii, ia oi?iuay
aa. Aieiaeia I.O. no?aieony, /oiau ana iaiaoiaeeiua ciaiey, oiaiey,
iaauee oieone?iaaeenue a aeooaeueiie i?aanoaaiii-ynoaoe/aneie
i?iaeaiaoeea niioaaonoaaiii aic?anoo e iocueaeueiiio iiuoo aeaoae, /oiau
?aciuoeaiey i iocuea aeaenoaeoaeueii auee au ?aciuoeaieyie (eae o E.A.
Aa?aiaieia:»…a ycuea ae?aaiaa?a/aneii neiai ?aciuoeyoue icia/aao:
anaaaea iineoue a na?aeoea…»).

Ia o?ieao Aieiaeiie oaaaeaeaaoueny a aeooaeueiinoe iniiaiie eaeae iiaie
i?ia?aiiu – ethaay oi?ia iao/aiey aeaoae n iocueie aeieaeia auoue
iai?aaeaia ia ?acaeoea aini?eyoey iocueaeueiiai ia?aca, a /a?ac iaai –
aini?eyoey ?aciuo noi?ii aeecie. I?e yoii aaaeii, /oiau ?aayoa eae
iiaeii ?aiueoa i?iieeeenue iuouaieai e iniciaieai niaoeeoeee
iocueaeueiiai eneonnoaa, eae eneonnoaa au?aceoaeueiiai ii naiae
i?e?iaea. Aieiaeia ii/oe ieeiaaea ia iieuecoaony aii?inii: «*oi
ecia?aaeaao yoa iocuea?» Iia n/eoaao, /oi iacieeeaue aii?in: «A /oi
iocuea ecia?aaeaao?» – iaaiaeeo ia iuneue, /oi iocuea iaycaoaeueii
aeieaeia /oi-oi ecia?aaeaoue, i?eo/aao eo e eiie?aoiiio «nthaeaoiiio»
iuoeaieth, oaioace?iaaieth iiae aeeiiiaiaiaio iocuee.

N yoeo iiceoeee Aieiaeia aieueoia aieiaiea oaeaeyao neiao i iocuea, iii
aeieaeii auoue y?eei, ia?aciui, ii i?aaeaeueii o/iiui e oiieei, /oiau ia
iaaycuaay ?aaaieo naia o?aeoiaee i?iecaaaeaiey oiaei iai?aaeyoue aai
aini?eyoea, aai aiia?aaeaiea, aai oai?/aneoth oaioaceth e iocuea, a ia
io iaa: «I?eciathnue, – aiai?eo O.Aaiaea?iaa, – ia ?ac ia o?ieao
Aieiaeiie o iaiy aicieeaea iuneue – noieo ee o?aoeoue oae iiiai
a?aiaie, /oiau auynieoue, /oi oneuoaee a iocuea o/aieee. Ia i?iua ee
naiie, ?anneacaa i?ia?aiio i?iecaaaeaiey, iai?aaeoue ia iocueaeueiia
iuoeaiea ?aayo ii no?iai ii?aaeaeaiiiio ?oneo?» Aea, – ioaaoeea
Aieiaeia, – aia anyeiai niiiaiey, y iaiiiai au iaeaa/eea naaa aeeciue,
ie?oaeea aini?eyoea iocuee anae aiaaoie eioi?iaoeeae, naycaiiie n
niaea?aeaieai e enoi?eae nicaeaiey iocuee. E, aeoiath, naeaeaea au yoi
y?ei, oaeaeaoaeueii, oae /oi ?aayoa caneooeaaeenue au. Ana yoi, eiia/ii,
aoaeao iaycaoaeueii, ii ia nae/an. Iioiio /oi nae/an ia?aaei iiie
ae?oaay caaea/a – oaeaeaoue, ianeieueei niiniaiu naie ?aayoa aac anyeeo
iiyniaiee a naiie iocuea oneuoaoue iniiaiia niaea?aeaiea. Iia ioaeii,
/oiau iie aei yoiai aeioee naie. Oneuoaee a naiie iocuea, a ia aoenioee
a nthaeao oi, /oi ciaee ii enoi?ee, oaeaeaee ii oaeaaeaeaieth, i?i/eoaee
a eieaao».

Oaeaea n ia?auo oaaia iaaei o/eoue iniuneaiiiio, i?i/oanoaaiiiio
iaieth. Iaaethaeay oa iiiaiou o?ieia, eiaaea oei ?aco/eaaiea ianie eee
?aaioa iaae iae, – ieoao O. Aaiaea?iaaa, – iaaieueii aniiieiaaoue aieaa
oeie/iua o?iee, eiaaea i?aaenoaaeaiea i au?aceoaeueiinoe iocuee, i nayce
iocuee n aeeciueth n ia/aeii eiie?aoiie aieaeueii-oi?iaie ?aaiou eae-oi
iacaiaoii enia?yaony, a?iaea au noaiiaeony iaioaeiui, eeoiei». Aieiaeia
iaeaaeaao ea/anoaii ianoiyuaai iocueaioa, aeiaeaaeenue i?aaie/aneiai
aaeeinoaa, ooaeiaeanoaaiiiai e oaoie/aneiai a eniieiaiee iocuee. I?e/ai
niiniau, i?eaiu ?aciiia?acyony a caaeneiinoe io i?iecaaaeaiey, aic?anoa
aeaoae, eiie?aoiie oaiu. «Io neiaiauo iaicia/aiee ?eoia y aeaaii
ioioea, – aiai?eo Aieiaeia, – n/eoath, /oi iie a aieueoae ia?a
iaoaie/noe/iu, o.e. ?an/eoaiu ia eniieaiea ?eoie/aneeo ?enoieia, a
eioi?uo eee ia caeiaeaii ieeaeiai iocueaeueiiai ia?aca, eee naiue
yeaiaioa?iue, aaaeue aanue ia/aeueiue ?aeyoea iino?iai ia yeaiaioa?iii».

Aieiaeia no?aieony, /oiau aeaoe «i?iioneaee /a?ac naay» ethaoth ianith.
Iaaei eneaoue ianie, eioi?ua iai ?ane?uaatho nia?aiaiiua i?iaeaiu, iaaei
o/eoue aeaoae, iiae?inoeia e a iaiee aeoiaoue, ?aciuoeyoue.

«ss noa?athnue, – aiai?eo Ia?aa?eoa Oaaei?iaia, – ?ane?uaaoue ?aayoai,
eae naio aeeciue, aaneiia/ii iaiythuothny, niiniaioth e i?aa?auaieth, e
oaeia. Anee yoi ianoiyuaa i?iecaaaeaiea eneonnoaa – aai iaaiciiaeii
iiciaoue aei eiioea». Aieiaeia noa?aaony naeaeaoue ana, /oi a aa neeao:
/aeiaaea, o/eoaey iocuee, aeey oiai, /oiau canoaaeoue ?aayo i?eiaueoueny
e auniee eaeaaeai, e na?ueaciui i?iaeaiai aeecie, e oaaeaa?ai
eneonnoaa. O/aieee Ia?aa?eou Oaaei?iaiu aeaeyo, eae a i?iecaaaeaiee
eneonnoaa ethaiai aeai?a iia euao aeoaieee aeooiaiue niune. I.O.
Aieiaeia naia aieouaaao aeeai ana i?ienoiaeyuaa aie?oa e ia aeaao
?aayoai caiueaoueny a ?aieao o?iea. Auaiaeeo eo ia n?aaiaiey, ia?aeeaee,
niiinoaaeaiey, aac /aai ia iiaeao auoue iniuneaiea ie?oaeathuaai ie?a e
naay a iai. Iia aoaeeo iuneue, aa?aaeeo aeooo. Iia naia neiaii
ieeoeaoai?yao oa oaeeaeoaeueiua o?iee iocuee e aeecie, eioi?ua aeaao
aeaoyi.

E.Aeiia?aaeia n/eoaao, /oi «o/eoaeue iocuee aeieaeai auoue oieeaeueiui
niaoeeaeenoii, /oiau ?ane?uoue ?aaaieo iocueo a aa oeaeinoiinoe». *oi
aea ioaeii aeaeaoue, /oiau o ?aaaiea aeaenoaeoaeueii noi?ie?iaaeinue
oeaeinoiia i?aaenoaaeaiea i iocuea?

Iocuea eiaao iauea caeiiu: aeaeaeaiey, ?eoia, iaeiaeee, aa?iiiee,
oi?iu, i?eano?iaee e iiiaei ae?oaei, naycaiiui n iauei iiieiaieai oiai,
/oi oaeia iocuea. Inaaeaay yoe caeiiu ?aaaiie eaeao io iauaai e
/anoiiio, e eiie?aoiui i?iecaaaeaieyi e eo aaoi?ai. E aaaeao aai ii
yoaiiiio iooe /eoaeue iocuee. Eoae, iaaei auno?ieoue o/aaiue i?ioeann ia
io eiie?aoiiai e iauaio, a iaiai?io. E ia aiai?eoue i iocuea, a
aeaeaoue, auno?aeaaoue aa, ia ?aco/eaaoue , a nicaeaaaoue naia ia
ioaeaeueiii yeaiaioa. Caeanue oianoii auiieieoue caaauaiea aaeeeeo
iocueaioia – nia/aea ?aaaiea ioaeii naeaeaoue iocueaioii, a oae caoai
aeaoue ca eino?oiaio. Ii iiaeao ee eaaeaeue ?aaaiie noaoue iocueaioii?
Aea, iiaeao e aeieaeai. A.Athai aiai?ee i o?ao «ycueao» eoeueoo?u – i
ycuea aoeau, oeeo?u e iiou. Nae/an ana oaaaeeeenue a oii, /oi ana iiaoo
/eoaoue, n/eoaoue. I?eoei a?aiy, – n/eoaao Eaa Ay/aneaaiae/ Aeiia?aaeia,
– oaaaeeoueny a oii, /oi ana iiaoo noaoue iocueaioaie. Eai iocuea, eae
ynoaoe/aneee i?aaeiao noi?ie?iaaeanue ia aeey eca?aiiuo, a aeey anao
iaeiaei, /oiau aeaenoaeoaeueii noaoue iocueaeueiui, ioaeii /oi-oi
iniaaiiia, /oi iacuaaaony iocueaeueiui /oanoaii.

Ciaiaieoue ?onneee ieaieno A.?oaeiooaei ia anao naieo eiioea?oao ea?ae
n ia?iiiui oniaoii, aeaaea oiaaea, eiaaea a aai ea?a iaia?oaeeaaeenue
iiia?ee, e i/aiue caiaoiua. Ae?oaie ieaieno oiaea eiioea?oe?iaae, ii ia
oae oniaoii, oioue e ea?ae aac iiia?ie. Oniao A.?oaeiooaeia ia aeaaae
aio iieiy: «Iiaeao auoue, ana aeaei a ioeaeao aaeeeiai ianoa?a?» –
?anneacuaae ieaieno. E ia iaeiii eiioea?oa ?aoee nua?aoue n ioeaeaie.
Aai inaenoaee. O ?oaeiooaeia auee ioeaee, ii auea e iocuea.

I/aiue aaaeii i?e aini?eyoee iocuee iieiaeeoaeueiay yiioeey. A Ee?iaa,
a ianoa?neeo aeuieiaaiie ea?ooee ia?auaaoue aieiaiea ia oi, /oi o anao
ianoa?eoe i?eyoiua, naaoeua eeoea (oioy oneiaey eo ?aaiou ninoaaeytho
aeaeaoue eo/oaai). Iie ioaa/atho, /oi, oaea iiaeoiaey e ianoa?neei, iie
iano?aeaatho naay ia iieiaeeoaeueiua yiioeee, eai aeeio ia iaiaiaoue,
aoaeaoue aa iyoue n ieioei iano?iaieai – ea?ooea iieo/eony aaaeeay,
oua?aiay, ceay. N ?aaaieii oi/ii oaeaea. No?iaee acaeyae, iaaeiaieueiay
oeceiiiiey ac?ineiai ia aeaeaao aai iano?iaiea oi?ioei.

?aaaiie, ecaea?aaiiue ?iaeeoaeyie, ainieoaoaeyie e ae?oaeie ac?ineuie,
i?eoiaeeo ia caiyoey n ieioei iano?iaieai. Aeey yoiai aio iaiaoiaeeii
«?ac?yaeeoueny». E oieueei ?ac?yaeeaoenue oniieieoueny e caiyoueny
ianoiyuei aeaeii. Ii o aeaoae anoue auoiae ec oaeiai iieiaeaiey. E yoio
auoiae aeieaeai i?aaieciaaoue ac?ineue. «Ia caiyoeyo y i?iea?uaath n
aeaoueie ana yoe neooaoeee, – ieoao E.Aeiia?aaeia. Iai?eia?, ieaaaoueny
iai?eee/ii, e ?aaaiie yoi ciaao. Ii ia iaoai o?iea iia iaaei i?iaeaeaoue
yoi eae oi?aaeiaiea aeey aeuoaiey. (Iethainy iu, eiia/ii, «anoooth»). Ia
o?iea ii iiaeao iicaieeoue naaa yoi aac iianee. Iiaeao ii e iie?e/aoue,
e iinaenoaoue neieueei oaiaeii, e ii/aaeaoue, e iieayoue, e iiauoue, e
iiiaia ae?oaia». E ana yoi eniieuecoao E.Aeiia?aaeia iaoeaeaiii, n
iieuecie aeey o?iea, aeey iieiioeaiiiai iauaiey n iocueie, aeey
oeaeinoiiai aai aini?eyoey.

Oaeaea i/aiue aaaeiui E.Aeiia?aaeia n/eoaao ?eoie/aneoth i?aaiecaoeeth
/aeiaa/aneiai oaea. ?eoie/aneay i?aaiecaoeey – yoi eiaeinoue,
neii?aeeie?iaaiiinoue, oaeianoai. I?e yoeo oneiaeyo eaa/a o/eoueny.
E.Aeiia?aaeia i?aaeeaaaao aeaoyi, iai?eia?, oaeaea caaeaiey: ecia?aceoue
oaeii, eae iaaeatho eenoi/ee. «Eee, – ?anneacuaaao Aeiia?aaeia, – iiai
iie, iaaethaeay, /oi i?ienoiaeeo n o?yieie, eae iia ecaeaaaony, eae aa
auaeeiatho, eae n iaa eaiaao aiaea e o.ae., a caoai ecia?aaeaai…
iieiaoth o?yieo». Ia caiyoeyo n aeaoueie oe?iei eniieuecoaony iaioiieia,
o.a. aeaaony aeaoyi caaeaiea ecia?aceoue eaeoth-oi aeeciaiioth
neooaoeeth (acyoue ieoeo e eaieeo e i?eoeaaoue ioaiaeoeo e ae?.). O
iiiaeo aeaoae i/aiue oi?ioi iieo/aaony. A yoi iieaaeao oio ?aaaiie, o
eioi?iai ieacaeny neoaeiue aeeciaiiue iiuo, ia?aie/aiiue a i?aaeiaoiuo
aeaenoaeyo? Anee oaei aai aeaeaaoue iaei, oi e iuoeaiea o iaai eaieaia.
Iaioiieia eioa?ania e iieacia aeaoyi ethaiai aic?anoa, iniaaiii oai, o
eiai ieioi n aiia?aaeaieai. Nenoaia iao/aiey Aeiia?aaeiaa iiiiaaao
aeaoyi aeoaaea i?iieeaoue a «oaeieee» iocuee.

Iiaeaioiaea e aini?eyoeth iocuee, iiaeao inouanoaeyoueny a ?aciuo
oi?iao. Aieaa iiae?iaii inoaiiaeiny ia iiaeaioiaea aini?eyoey
iocueaeueiiai ia?aca ia?acii ae?oaiai eneonnoaa.

Iaeaieaa io/aoeeai oaiaeaioeey ia?aciie iiaeaioiaee e aini?eyoeth
iocuee i?iyaeyaony oiaaea, eiaaea yoa iiaeaioiaea iie?aaony ia ia?ac
ae?oaiai eneonnoaa. Oaeea ia?aeeaee, eae ?anneac E.Iaonoianeiai «Noa?ue
iiaa?» e aoi?ay /anoue neioiiee «THieoa?» A.Iioea?oa, ea?oeia
A.Aaniaoeiaa «Aiaaou?e» e «Aiaaou?neay neioiiey» A.Ai?iaeeia, ea?oeia
Ia?iaa «O?ieea» e ?iiain Ioni?aneiai «Ne?ioea».

Iiaeaioiaea aini?eyoey iocueaeueiiai ia?aca ia?acii ae?oaiai eneonnoaa
eiaao ?yae iainii?eiuo i?aeiouanoa: iano?aeaaao ?aayo ia aeeaia,
ia?aciia

aini?eyoea iocuee, oi?ie?oao ooaeiaeanoaaiiua annioeeaoeee, i/aiue
aaaeiia i?e aini?eyoee ethaiai eneonnoaa, a oii /enea e iocuee.
Iiaeaioiaea aini?eyoey iocueaeueiiai ia?aca ia?acii ae?oaiai eneonnoaa
ia aeieaeia iineoue oa?aeoa?a i?ia?aiiu iineaaeothuaai aini?eyoey
iocuee. ?anneac, i?i/eoaiiue ia?aae neooaieai iocuee, ia ia?aneacuaaao
aa, oi/ii oaeaea e iocuea, cao/auay iinea ?anneaca, ia neaaeoao ca
ia?aieoeyie ?anneaca. Ea?oeia, iieacaiiay ia?aae neooaieai iocuee, ia
?enoao iocueo, oi/ii oaeaea e iocuea, cao/auay iinea i?iniio?a ea?oeiu
ia ecia?aaeaao ea?oeieo. Aniiiieoa aaieaeueioth «O?ieoeo» A. ?oaeaaa. Ii
o?ai noi?iiai i?anoiea n aea?oaaiiie o?aiacie neaeyo o?ia. *aoaa?oay
noi?iia i?anoiea ionoa, iia ia?auaia e iai. «…E e nioai?eaoaio iia
aieaeo e aa/a?youe n iei aoaeo, a ii ni iiith». Oaeiaie aea aeieaeia
auoue e i?e?iaea aoiaeaeaiey ?aaaiea a iocueo a iauaia?aciaaoaeueiie
oeiea: io eioiiaoeee neiaa («Aia/aea auei neiai») a eioiiaoe no?ie
iocuee, a aa n?aaeoeaaeio, a aeaaiue ia?ac ia?ac. E oai, aioo?e aa,
noa?aoueny ?ane?uoue naith aeooo. Ia i?ioanneiiaeueiia, iocueiaaae/aneia
eco/aiea, ia ?aceiaeaiea iocueaeueiiai i?iecaaaeaiey ii iiei/eai ia
oa?ieiu, no?i/ee iacaaiey, a oeaeinoiia aai aini?eyoea. Iinoeaeaiea
iocuee e iniciaiea oiai, eae aea ou, eiaiii ou, niiaeaoue ?aoeoue aa/iua
i?iaeaiu /aeiaa/aneiai auoey: aeia?a e cea, ethaae e i?aaeaoaeuenoaa.
Iioiio /oi iia ia?auaia e oaaa, e aeey oaay a iae inoaaeaii ianoi. «E e
nioai?eaoaio iia aieaeo».

Iiuo ?aaiou iieacuaaao, /oi aeinoaoi/ii na?ueaciui eoeueoo?iui i?iaaeai
aeaoae 5 – 7 eeannia yaeyaony ionoonoaea iniia iocueaeueii-enoi?e/aneiai
iuoeaiey. O oeieueieeia ia anaaaea neeaaeuaaaony aeinoaoi/ii /aoeia
i?aaenoaaeaiea ia enoi?e/aneie iineaaeiaaoaeueiinoe ?iaeaeaiey oao eee
eiuo iocueaeueiuo oaaeaa?ia, ionoonoaoao ia?aaeei /oanoai enoi?ecia a
ninoaaeaiee ?iaenoaaiiuo yaeaiee a iocuea, eeoa?aoo?a, aeeaiiene, oioy
nia?aiaiiay i?ia?aiia iicaieyao o/eoaeth aieaa aeoaiei, iaaeaee a
ae?oaeo aoiaieoa?iuo aeenoeeieeiao, inouanoaeyoue iaaei?aaeiaoiua nayce,
iieacuaaoue aioo?aiia ?iaenoai iocuee e ae?oaeo eneonnoa.

A nayce n yoei oi/aony iaiiiieoue, /oi iocuea eae aeae eneonnoaa
neeaaeuaaeanue enoi?e/anee a ?yaeo ae?oaeo aeaeia ooaeiaeanoaaiiie
aeayoaeueiinoe, aeeth/ay oaiaoe, oaao?, eeoa?aoo?o, a iaoe aeie – eeii e
ae?. Ana acaeiinayce n ae?oaeie aeaeaie eneonnoa yaeythony
aaiaoe/aneeie, a ?ieue a nenoaia ooaeiaeanoaaiiie eoeueoo?u –
neioace?othuae, i /ai naeaeaoaeuenoaotho e iiiai/eneaiiua iocueaeueiua
aeai?u, i?aaeaea anaai – iia?a, ?iiain, i?ia?aiiiay neioiiey, ithceee e
o.ae. Yoe iniaaiiinoe iocuee aeatho oe?ieea aiciiaeiinoe aa eco/aiey ii
yiioai, noeeyi, ?acee/iui iaoeeiiaeueiui oeieai a eiioaenoa anae
ooaeiaeaonaaiiie eoeueoo?u, aa enoi?e/aneiai noaiiaeaiey.

I?aaenoaaeyaony aaaeiui, /oiau /a?ac aini?eyoea, iniuneaiea, aiaeec
nianoaaiii iocueaeueiuo ia?acia o oeieueieeia neeaaeuaaeenue
annioeeaoeee n ae?oaeie aeaeaie eneonnoaa, ia iniiaa eiaiiienoi?e/aneiai
?acaeoey ooaeiaeanoaaiiie eoeueoo?u. Iooue e yoiio, – n/eoaao E.Oaa/oe,
o/eoaeue iocuee oe. ?622 ath Iineau, – a niaoeeaeueii i?aaieciaaiiuo
aiaeeanniuo caiyoeyo.

Iaiaoiaeeii, /oiau aiaeeanniay ?aaioa auea oae iino?iaia, /oiau ea?oeiu
ooaeiaeanoaaiiie eoeueoo?u i?ioeiai aini?eieiaeenue ?aayoaie ia
«ieinei-oioia?aoe/anee», a iauaiii, a eo aioo?aiiae eiaeea. Oioaeinue
au, /oiau ?aayoa ii/oanoaiaaee iniaaiiinoe ooaeiaeaonaaiiiai iuoeaiey
oie eee eiie yiioe, a eiioaenoa eioi?ie nicaeaaaeenue i?iecaaaeaiey
iocueaeueiiai eneonnoaa, iiycee, aeeaiiene, oaao?a.

Aeaaiuie iaoiaee/aneeie i?eaiaie oaeeo «Iooaoanoaee» noaee aeaa.
Ai-ia?auo, iaiaoiaeeii «iia?oaeaiea a yiioo, a enoi?eth, a aeooiaioth
aoiinoa?o, niinianoaothuoth ?iaeaeaieth aaeeeeo oai?aiee eneonnoaa.
Ai-aoi?uo, iaiaoiaeeii e aica?auaiea a nia?aiaiiinoue, a iaoe aeie, o.a.
ecaanoiay aeooaeecaoeey niaea?aeaiey i?iecaaaeaiee i?ioeuo yiio a
eoeueoo?a nia?aiaiiie, iaua/aeiaa/aneie.

Iai?eia?, iiaeii i?aaieciaaoue iooaoanoaea a «Ae?aaiee Eeaa».
Ooaeiaeanoaaiiui iaoa?eaeii iineoaeeee aueeiu, ?ai?iaeoeoeee ae?aaieo
eeaaneeo o?aiia, eieieieueiie caii, caiene io?uaeia
iaeiiaieiniiaiciaiaiiiai iaiey. Noeaia?ee caiyoey aeeth/ee a naay 3
/anoe: nia/aea ?anneac i ?aiiae n?aaeiaaaeiaie ?onneie eoeueoo?a, i
o?enoeaineii o?aia e aai iaiiaoi?eiie a?oeoaeoo?a, i eieieieueiii caiia
e oi?iaii iaiee, i cia/eiinoe ai?iaeneie ieiuaaee, aaea neaceoaee –
aoney?u eniieiyee naie aueeiu e ia?iaeiua ea?eua, iinyuea ioia/aoie
ycu/aneiai eoeueoa. Ia yoie /anoe caiyoey cao/ao eieyaeee, eioi?ua
?aayoa caoai eniieiytho oi?ii. Aoi?ay /anoue iinayuaia aueeiai.
Aiai?eony i oii, /oi yoi ianie i noa?eia (a ia?iaea – noa?eiu),
iiyaeeenue i/aiue aeaaii e ia?aaeaaaeenue ec «ono a onoa». Iiiaea
neiaeeeenue a Eeaaneie ?one. ?aayoa ca/eouaatho io?uaee ec iiethaeaoeony
aueei e Nayoiai?a, Aeia?uia, Eeuea Io?iioea e ae?. Iineaaeiee o?aaiaio
«Iooaoanoaey» iineo iacaaiea «Ae?aaiyy ?onue aeacaie ooaeiaeieeia
ae?oaeo yiio». Caeanue cao/ao io?uaee ec «Anaiiuiie» N.?aoiaieiiaa,
«Ia?acaiiia» A.Aaa?eeeia, eniieuecothony ?ai?iaeoeoeee A.Aaniaoeiaa,
I.?a?eoa.

Eneonnoai ca?iaeeeinue ia ca?a oeeaeeecaoeee eae io?aaeaiea /oanoa e
iuneae /aeiaaea. Naia aeeciue auei aai enoi/ieeii. *aeiaaea ie?oaeae
ia?iiiue e iiiaiia?aciue ie?. Niauoey, i?ienoiaeeaoea aie?oa, aeeyee ia
aai oa?aeoa?, aeeciaiiue oeeaae. Eneonnoai ieeiaaea ia nouanoaiaaei
ioaeaeueii io aeecie, ia auei /ai2oi eeethci?iui, iii neeoi n ycueii
ethaeae, iau/ayie, iniaaiiinoyie oaiia?aiaioa.

N ia?aiai o?iea 1 eeanna iu ?aciuoeyai i ianoa iocuee a aeecie ethaeae,
aa niiniaiinoe io?aceoue naiua iaoeiaeiua ninoiyiey /aeiaa/aneie aeooe.
N eaaeaeui aiaeii aeaoe ana aeoaaea aini?eieiatho ie? iocuee, iieiue
/oanoa e ia?acia. A eaeea /oanoaa eniuouaaao /aeiaae, eiaaea oueao naaa
einothi, oe?aoaao aai auoeaeie, no?ieo aeeeeua, neaaaao neaceo? A iiaoo
ee yoe /oanoaa ?aaeinoe eee aeoaieie a?onoe e ia/aee, au?aceoueny a
e?oaeaaao, ecaeaeeyo ec aeeiu? Iiaeao ee iocuea eae io?aaeaiea aeecie ai
anao aa i?iyaeaieyo, au?aceoue yoe aea /oanoaa e i?aa?aoeoue
eaeia-ieaoaeue enoi?e/aneia niauoea a aueeio, ianith, iia?o, eaioaoo?

?onneee /aeiaae anaaaea ethaee ianoa?eoue ea?ooee ec aea?aaa. Enoiee
ethaiai i?iiunea ooiaeyo a aeoaieoth ae?aaiinoue, e iu ia ciaai, eoi
ia?aue nioai?ee ea?ooeo, aeaaooth aeeciue i?iiuneo «Aiai?iaeneay
?acueaa». Ia ?one ii aea?aao ?acaee ana iaeue/eoee, iii e?oaii – ?oea
naia oyiaony. Aiciiaeii oiaeaoe aeieai neoaeee a a?iee e, aa?ioaoenue
iiaeeeui /aeiaaeii, noae ia ?aaeinoue ninaaeneeo ?aayo aeaeaoue caaaaiua
ea?ooee, e, eiia/ii, a ieo io?aceeanue aeeciue. Oae ianiy «Nieaeaoooee»
n oe?ieeie, ?aciaoenouie oiaeaie a iaeiaeee, y?eie neeueiie aeieae
ia?aeeeeaaony n a?oaiaaoie, ?aceie iaia?ie ?acueau aea?aayiiiai
nieaeaoeea. Yoi n?aaiaiea iiiiaaao aeoaaea iiiyoue neeo, niaeaeenoinoue,
oaa?aeinoue ?onneiai oa?aeoa?a, enoiee iocuee.

Oi/iua, y?eea, eaeiie/iua oa?aeoa?enoeee ia o?iea, eioa?aniue
iaaeyaeiue iaoa?eae iiiiaoo iieacaoue aeaoyi, /oi iocuea ?onneay e
iocuea ae?oaeo ia?iaeia oanii naycaia n aeeciueth. Iocuea io?aaeaao auo,
i?e?iaeo, iau/ae, enoi?e/aneea niauoey, /oanoaa e iano?iaiey.

Ii o?aaeeoeee, eaaeaeia ec eneonnoa, aeaaony oeieueieeai ?acaeaeueii,
neaai ne?aieaii n eo iaueie ciaieyie, i?aaenoaaeaieyie e
aeayoaeueiinoueth. Neaai ?acaeoa e iauay oai?ey ooaeiaeanoaaiiiai
ainieoaiey e noaiiaeaiey ee/iinoe ?aaaiea iiae aicaeaenoaeai eneonnoa, a
oii /enea e a i?ioeanna eo acaeiiaeaenoaey.

?ac?aaioaiiua iaoiaee/aneea i?eaiu aieueoa ?ann/eoaiu ia
ooaeiaeanoaaiiue i?ioanneiiaeeci, /ai ia ?acaeoea ia?aciiai iuoeaiey e
/oanoaaiiiai aini?eyoey ie?oaeathuaai ie?a. Ii enneaaeiaaoaeueneee iiuo
e iiy nianoaaiiay i?aeoeea, – ieoao TH.Aioiiia, iaaeaaia
oeieu-eaai?aoi?ee aeaoneiai oai?/aneiai iauaaeeiaiey Eeoau «Ioca», –
iiaeoaa?aeaeatho, /oi iai?aeaiiinoue ia oceee i?ioanneiiaeeci ia
niinianoaoao ?acaeoeth oai?/aneie iunee aeaoae, iniaaiii a ia/aea
iao/aiey.

A nayce n yoei aicieeea eaeay nicaeaiey no?oeoo?u, aaea
acaeiiaeaenoaotho eneonnoai ai aeaaa n iocueie e ecia?aceoaeueiui
eneonnoaii. Caiyoey i?iaiaeeeenue oaeei ia?acii , /oi noa?aeiai anae
?aaiou auea iocuea, aa niaea?aeaiea, yiioeeiiaeueiay ie?anea, e?oa aa
ia?acia. Eiaiii iocuea aeaaaea oie/ie ecia?aoaoaeueiinoe e ieanoeea, iia
ia?aaeaaaea ninoiyiea ia?niiaaeae. Caieyoey aeeth/aee ?aciua aeaeu
ooaeiaeanoaaiiiai oai?/anoaa, io a?aoeee e aeeaiiene aei oi?aia?aoee e
oaao?aeecaoeee.

Eae iioii ?anneacuaaee naie ?aayoa, – ieoao TH.Aioiiia, – onoaiiaea ia
au?aaeaiea niaea?aeaiey a eeieyo e oeaaoa iiaeeeciaaea eo ia eiia
neooaiea, a aiineaaenoaee oa aea iocuea a aeaeaeaiee au?aaeaeanue oaea
eaa/a e naiaiaeiaa.

E. Ao?ae, iaaeaaia AeIO, ?aciuoeye i niae?oaeanoaa eneonnoa, ieoao: «ss
iiiyea /oi i/aiue aaaeii iaaeoiuaaoue iiaea/o iaoa?eaea. Eiiaaea oianoii
anoaaeoue iiyoe/aneia neiai aianoi aanaaeu eee aiaeeca, ii i/aiue oi/iui
aeieaeii auoue yoi neiai, nicao/iui n oaiie, ia ioaeaeathuei e ia
oaiaeyuei io iocuee».

E. Ooeineee ooaa?aeaeae, /oi iaaeaaia, aeaeathuee /oi-ieaoaeue i?i/ii
caia/aoeaoue a niciaiee aeaoae, aeieaeai iicaaioeoueny i oii, /oiau eae
iiaeii aieueoa /oanoai?eiyee o/anoea a aeoa caiiieiaiey.

Iiiaea iaaeaaiae i?eiaiytho ia o?iea iocuee a oeiea oioia?aoee,
?ai?iaeoeoeee i?iecaaaeaiee ecia?aceoaeueiiai eneonnoaa. Ii ana iie i?e
yoii iiiiyo, /oi aini?eyoea ia?aca, yiioeeiiaeueiue ioeeee a aeooa
eaaeaeiai ?aaaiea caaenyo io oiai, eae i?aiiaeiineo ?ai?iaeoeoeeth eee
ii?o?ao eiiiiceoi?a o/eoaeue, a eaeii oi?iaoa, oeaaoa, a eaeii
ynoaoe/aneii aeaea. Ia auciaao aeieaeiiai ioeeeea iaii?yoiay, iioa?oay
?ai?iaeoeoeey, n aioouie, iio?aiaiiuie e?ayie, i?inaa/eaathueiny oaenoii
ia?aoiie noi?iiu, aee?iuie iyoiaie…

Ni/aoaiea iocuee, iiycee, ecia?aceoaeueiiai eneonnoaa aeaao o/eoaeth
aaca?aie/iua aiciiaeiinoe naeaeaoue o?ie oaeaeaoaeueiui e eioa?aniui
aeey o/aieeia.

Iiaeii eniieueciaaoue, iai?eia?, i?e eco/aiea oai?/anoaa A. Aaooiaaia
no?iee noeoioai?aiey An. ?iaeaeanoaaineiai:

Aaea a?ae ii yoe noi?a/iua caoee

Neaicue ieioioth caaano aeooiou?

Niaaeeiaiuea iaaeiinoe e ioee,

Eiaeaueany a iioiua eenou!

Eanaynue aa?iuo eeaaeo eaiie eueaeiie

E ano?yoeaay a?eaith aonoie,

Ea?ae, ia neuoa iiou ie aaeeiie

Aeooith ii/ueth a eiiiaoa ionoie.

Oaeee /anu e iieuaaee naa/e,

Oei ioaeanoai iaia?aei? noaeueaa

A ii anth niaanoue ioee /aeiaa/ueae

?anneacuaae eeoue naiiio naaa!

E oaaaeaeae naaa e aa?ee aeanoii,

*oi e aeey oao, eoi a ie?a iaeeiie,

Anoue iaeee naao, ?iaeaeaiiue ia iai?anii,

A iocuea – aannia?oey caeia!

Aieueoiai na?aeoea oi?ioe e ne?eiu

Aaee naie ?acaiai? neaicue iieonii,

E neuoaee a ieia ?ane?uoii eeiu

Ana oi, /aai ia neuoae ii.

Eoia iaae ai?iaeii anoaao ana auoa

E aeoo ia ii, a yoio ie? aie?oa,

Eioi?ue aauae iocuee ia neuoeo,

?iaeaeaiiie a n/anouea e ai?ieea ioe!

N.A.?aoiaieiia – iaeaaeaoaeue caia/aoaeueiiai eiiiiceoi?neiai oaeaioa e
iiuiiai aea?iaaiey ooaeiaeieea – eniieieoaey: ieaienoa e aee?eaea?a.

Oai?/aneee iaeee ?aoiaieiiaa iiiaia?aiai. Aai iocuea ianao a naaa
aiaaoia aeeciaiiia niaea?aeaiea. Ano?a/athony a iae ia?acu aeoaieiai
aeooaaiiai iieiy, Ica?aiiua naaoeui e eaneiaui /oanoaii, iieiua iaaeiiai
e e?enoaeueii /enoiai ee?ecia. E aianoa n oai ?yae i?iecaaaeaiee
?aoiaieiiaa ianuuai ino?ui ae?aiaoeciii; caeanue neuoeony aeooay
io/eoaeueiay oinea, /oanoaoaony iaioa?aoeiinoue o?aae/aneeo e a?iciuo
niauoee.

Oaeay ino?ioa eiio?anoia ia neo/aeia. ?aoiaieiia aue au?aceoaeai
?iiaioe/aneeo oaiaeaioeee, ai iiiaii oa?aeoa?iuo aeey ?onneiai eneonnoaa
eiioea OIO e ia/aea OO aaea. Eneonnoao ?aoiaieiiaa naienoaaiia
yiioeeiiaeueiay i?eiiaeiyoinoue, eioi?oth Aeie ii?aaeaeee eae «aeaaeiia
no?aieaiea aeeoue oaeanyoa?aiiie aeeciueth…»Iniaaiiinoe
?aoiaieiianeiai oai?/anoaa ei?aiyony a neiaeiinoe e iai?yaeaiiinoe
?onneie iauanoaaiiie aeecie, a ia?iiiuo iio?ynaieyo, eioi?ua ia?aaeeea
no?aia ca iineaaeiea 20 eao ia?aae Ieoya?ueneie ?aaiethoeeae.
Ii?aaeaeythueie aeey ie?iiuouaiey eiiiiceoi?a noaee: n iaeiie noi?iiu, –
no?anoiay aeaaeaea aeooiaiiai iaiiaeaiey, oiiaaiey ia a?yaeouea
ia?aiaiu, ?aaeinoiia i?aae/oanoaea eo (/oi auei naycaii n iiao/ei
iiaeuaiii anao aeaiie?aoe/aneeo nee iauanoaa a eaioi a aiaeu ia?aie
?onneie ?aaiethoeee), a n ae?oaie noi?iiu, – i?aae/oanoaea
i?eaeeaeathuaeny a?iciie noeoee, noeoee i?ieaoa?neie ?aaiethoeee, ii
naiae nouiinoe e enoi?e/aneiio niuneo iaiiiyoiie aeey aieueoeinoaa
?onneie eioaeaaaioeee oiai a?aiaie. Eiaiii a ia?eiae iaaeaeo 1905 e 1917
aiaeaie a i?iecaaaeaieyo ?aoiaieiiaa noaee o/auaoueny iano?iaiey
o?aae/aneie ia?a/aiiinoe…ss aeoiath, /oi a na?aeoeao ethaeae iineaaeie
iieieaiee caeaaei iaionooiiia /oanoai eaoano?iou; – ienae ia yoii
a?aiaie Aeie.

Eneeth/eoaeueii aaaeiia ianoi a oai?/anoaa ?aoiaieiiaa i?eiaaeeaaeeo
ia?acai ?innee, ?iaeeiu. Iaoeeiiaeueiue oa?aeoa? iocuee i?iyaeyaony a
aeoaieie nayce n ia?iaeiie ?onneie ianiae, n ai?iaeneie ?iiaini –
auoiaie eoeueoo?ie eaioea OIO e ia/aea OO aaea, n oai?/anoaii
*aeeianeiai e eiiiiceoi?ia «Iiao/ae eo/ee». A iocuea ?aoiaieiiaa
io?aceeanue iiycey ia?iaeiie ianaiiie ee?eee, ia?acu ia?iaeiiai yiina,
ainoi/iue yeaiaio, ea?oeiu ?onneie i?e?iaeu. Ai?i/ai, ii ii/oe ia
eniieueciaae iiaeeeiiuo ia?iaeiuo oai, a eeoue /?ecau/aeii naiaiaeii,
oai?/anee eo ?acaeaae.

Aea?iaaiea ?aoiaieiiaa – ee?e/aneia ii naiae i?e?iaea. Ee?e/aneia
ia/aei iaoiaeeo au?aaeaiea a ia?aoth i/a?aaeue a ainiiaenoaothuae ?iee
oe?ieie, i?ioyaeiie, ii naiaio oa?aeoa?o iaeiaeee. «Iaeiaeey – yoi
iocuea, aeaaiay iniiaa anae iocuee. Iaeiaee/aneay ecia?aoaoaeueiinoue, a
aunoai niunea yoiai neiaa, – aeaaiay oeaeue eiiiiceoi?a, -« oooaa?aeaeae
?aoiaieiia.

Eneonnoai ?aoiaieiiaa – eniieieoaey – yoi iiaeeeiiia oai?/anoai. Ii
iaecaaaeii aiinee ia/oi iiaia, naia, ?aoiaieiianeia a iocueo ae?oaeo
aaoi?ia. Iaeiaee/iinoue, iiuue e iieiioa «iaiey» – aio ia?aua
aia/aoeaiey io aai ieaiecia. Iaaei anai oea?eo iaeiaeey. Ian ii?aaeaao
ia iaiyoue aai, ia aai iaeueoeu, ia i?iioneathuea ie iaeiie aeaoaee
oeaeiai, a oi oeaeia, oa aaeioiiaaiiua ia?acu, eioi?ua ii
ainnoaiaaeeaaao ia?aae iaie. Aai aeaaioneay oaoieea, aai ae?ooiciinoue
neoaeao eeoue ooi/iaieai yoeo ia?acia,» – oae aeoaiei e aa?ii
ioa?aeoa?eciaae nouiinoue ieaienoe/aneiai eneonnoaa ?aoiaieiiaa aai
ae?oa, eiiiiceoi? I.E.Iaoia?.

?aiueoa anaai auee i?eciaiu e iieo/eee ecaanoiinoue oi?oaieaiiua e
aieaeueiua i?iecaaaeaiey eiiiiceoi?a, cia/eoaeueii iicaea –
neioiie/aneea.

?iiainu ?aoiaieiiaa ii naiae iiioey?iinoe niia?ie/atho n aai
oi?oaieaiiuie i?iecaaaeaieyie. ?aoiaieiiaui iaienaii ieiei 80 ?iiainia
ia oaenou ?onneeo iiyoia – ee?eeia aoi?ie iieiaeiu OIO e ?oaaaea OO
aaeia e anaai eeoue iaiiiaei aieaa aeanyoea ia neiaa iiyoia ia?aie
iieiaeiu OIO aaea (Iooeeia, Eieueoeiaa, Oaa/aiei a ?onneii ia?aaiaea).

«Ne?aiue» (neiaa A.Aaeaoiaie) – iaeia ec naiuo ae?aaioeaiiuo aeai/oaeei
?aoiaieiianeie ee?eee. Iocuea yoiai ?iiaina ioia/aia eneeth/eoaeueiie
anoanoaaiiinoueth e i?inoioie, caia/aoaeueiui neeyieai ee?e/aneiai
/oanoaa e ia?acia i?e?iaeu, au?aaeaiiuo iin?aaenoaii oiieeo iocueaeueii
– aeeaiieniuo yeaiaioia. Any iocueaeueiay oeaiue ?iiaina iaao/a,
iaeiaee/ia, aieaeueiua o?acu iai?eioaeaeaiii euethony iaeia ca ae?oaie.

«A iie/aiee ii/e oaeiie» (neiaa A.A.Oaoa) – aanueia oa?aeoa?iue ia?ac
ethaiaiie ee?eee. Ainiiaenoaothuee /oanoaaiii – no?anoiue oii
ii?aaeaeyaony oaea a eino?oiaioaeueiii anooieaiee. Iaeiaeey iaao/ay,
aeaeeaiaoeeiiii – au?aceoaeueiay.

«Iiethaeea y ia ia/aeue naith» (noeoe O.Oaa/aiei a ia?aaiaea
A.I.Ieauaaaa). Ii niaea?aeaieth ianiy – ?iiain

naycaia n oaiie ?ae?oo/eiu, a ii noeeth e aeai?o – n iea/aie.
Oa?aeoa?iu aeey iaeiaeee nei?aiua iai?iou a ieii/aieyo iaeiaee/aneeo
o?ac, ae?aiaoe/iua, ianeieueei iaae?uaiua ?aniaau a eoeueieiaoeeyo. Yoi
oneeeaaao aeecinoue aieaeueiie ia?oee e i?e/eoaieth – iea/o.
«Aonaeueiua» a?iaaeaee?iaaiiua aeei?aeu a ia/aea ianie iiae/a?eeaatho aa
ia?iaeiue neeaae

Oa?aioe Eeno (1811 – 1866) – aaieaeueiue aaiaa?neee eiiiiceoi? e
ieaieno, aaee/aeoee ooaeiaeiee – iocueaio aaiaa?neiai ia?iaea.
I?ia?anneaiay, aeaiie?aoe/aneay iai?+aaeaiiinoue oai?/aneie
aeayoaeueiinoe Eenoa naycaia a cia/eoaeueiie noaiaie n inaiaiaeeoaeueiie
ai?ueaie aaiaa?neiai ia?iaea. Iaoeeiiaeueii – inaiaiaeeoaeueiay ai?ueaa
ia?iaea i?ioea eaa Aano?eeneie iiia?oee. Neeeanue n ai?ueaie i?ioea
oaiaeaeueii – iiiaue/ueaai no?iy a naiie Aaia?ee. Ii ?aaiethoeey 1848 –
1849 aiaeia iioa?iaea ii?aaeaiea, e Aaia?ey niiaa ieacaeanue iiae aiaoii
Aano?ee.

A cia/eoaeueiie /anoe i?iecaaaeaiee Oa?aioea Eenoa eniieueciaai
aaiaa?neee iocueaeueiue oieueeei?, ioee/athueeny aieueoei aiaaonoaii e
naiaia?aceai. Oa?aeoa?iu ?eoiu, eaaeiaua e iaeiaee/aneea iai?iou, a oi e
iiaeeeiiua iaeiaeee aaiaa?neie ia?iaeiie iocuee (i?aeiouanoaaiii
ai?iaeneie, oeia «aa?aoieio») iieo/eee oai?/aneia i?aoai?aiea e
ia?aaioeo a iiiai/eneaiiuo i?iecaaaeaieyo Eenoa, a eo iocueaeueiuo
ia?acao. A naiie Aaia?ee Eenoo i?eoeinue aeeoue ia aeieai. Aai
aeayoaeueiinoue a iniiaiii i?ioaeaea ca i?aaeaeaie ?iaeeiu – ai
O?aioeee, Aa?iaiee, Eoaeee, aaea ii ea?ae auaeathuothny ?ieue a ?acaeoee
ia?aaeiaie iocueaeueiie eoeueoo?u.

I oaniie nayce Eenoa n Aaia?eae aiai?eo e aai eieaa i iocuea aaiaa?neeo
oeuaai, a oaeaea oaeo iacia/aiey Eenoa ia?aui i?aceaeaioii
iaoeeiiaeueiie iocueaeueiie aeaaeaiee a Aoaeaiaooa.

I?ioeai?a/eainoue oai?/anoaa Eenoa neeaaeuaaeanue a no?aieaiee e
i?ia?aiiinoe, eiie?aoiie ia?aciinoe iocuee, n iaeiie noi?iiu, e eiiaaea
a ioaea/aiiinoe ?aoaiey yoie caaeaye, n ae?oaie noi?iiu. Eiuie neiaaie,
i?ia?aiiinoue a iaeioi?uo i?iecaaaeaieyo Eenoa iineea ioaea/aiii –
oeeinioneee oa?aeoa? (neioiie/aneay iiyia «Eaeaaeu»).

Ii?aceoaeueiay iiiaia?aiiinoue oa?aeoa?ecoao oai?/aneoth e iocueaeueii
– iauanoaaiioth aeayoaeueiinoue Eenoa: aaieaeueiue ieaieno,
i?eiaaeeaaeaaoee e aaee/aeoei eniieieoaeyi OIO aaea; aaeeeee eiiiiceoi?;
iauanoaaiii – iocueaeueiue aeayoaeue e i?aaiecaoi?, noiyaoee ai aeaaa
ia?aaeiaiai aeaeaeaiey a iocueaeueiii eneonnoaa, ai?iaoeeny ca
i?ia?aiioth iocueo i?ioea aacuaeaeiiai eneonnoaa; iaaeaaia –
ainieoaoaeue oeaeie ieayaeu caia/aoaeueiuo iocueaioia – ieaienoia;
ienaoaeue, iocueaeueiue e?eoee e ioaeeoeeno, niaei aunooiaaoee i?ioea
oieceoaeueiiai iieiaeaiey ooaeiaeieeia a ao?aeaoaciii iauanoaa;
aee?eaea? – oaeia Eeno, /aeiaae e a?oeno, oai?/aneee iaeee e eioaineaiay
ooaeiaeanoaaiiay aeayoaeueiinoue eioi?iai i?aaenoaaeytho niaie iaeii ec
naiuo auaeathueony yaeaiee a iocueaeueiii eneonnoaa OIO aaea.

N?aaee ia?iiiiai iiiaeanoaa oi?oaieaiiuo i?iecaaaeaiee Eenoa iaeii ec
aaaeiaeoeo iano caieiatho aai 19 ?ainiaeee, i?aaenoaaeythueo niaie
ae?ooiciua ia?aaioee e oaioacee ia oaiu aaiaa?neeo e oeuaaineeo
ia?iaeiuo ianai e ieynie. Aaiaa?neea ?ainiaeee Eenoa iauaeoeaii ioaaoeee
?inoo iaoeeiiaeueiiai naiiniciaiey aaiaa?neiai ia?iaea a ia?eiae aai
ai?ueau ca iaoeeiiaeueioth iacaaeneiinoue. A yoii eo aeaiie?aoeci, a
yoii i?e/eia eo iiioey?iinoe eae a Aaia?ee, oae e ca aa i?aaeaeaie.

A aieueoeinoaa neo/aaa eaaeaeay ?ainiaeey Eenoa caeeth/aao a naaa aeaa
eiio?anoiua oaiu, /anoi?acaeaathueany aa?eaoeeiiii. Iiiaei ?ainiaeeyi
naienoaaiii iinoaiaiiia iaaiaoaiea aeeiaieee e oaiia: ia/aiii –
?a/eoaoeaiay oaia cia/eoaeueiiai oa?aeoa?a ia?aoiaeeo a oaiaoe,
iinoaiaiii onei?ythueeny e caeai/eaathueeny aoeiie, no?aieoaeueiie,
iaiaiiie ieyneie. Oaeiau, a /anoiinoe, 2-y e 6-y ?ainiaeee. Ai iiiaeo
i?eaiao oi?oaieaiiie oaeoo?u (?aiaoeoeee, nea/ee, ?acee/iua aeaeu
a?iaaeaeei e oeao?aoeee) Eeno aini?iecaiaeeo oa?aeoa?iua cao/iinoe
aaiaa?neeo ia?iaeiuo eino?oiaioia.

Aoi?ay ?ainiaeey i?eiaaeeaaeeo e iaeaieaa oa?aeoa?iui e eo/oei
i?iecaaaeaieyi oaeiai ?iaea. E?aoeia ?a/aoaoeaii – eii?iaecaoeeiiiia
anooieaiea aaiaeeo a ie? y?eeo, e?ani/iuo ea?oei ia?iaeiie aeecie,
ninoaaeythueo niaea?aeaiea ?ainiaeee. Oi?oeaae, caoee oa?aeoa?iua aeey
aaiaa?neie ia?iaeiie iocuee e iaiiieiatho iaiea iaaoeia – neaceoaeae.
Aeei?aeu nii?iaiaeaeaiey n oi?oeaaaie aini?iecaiaeyo a?yoeaiuea ia
no?oiao ia?iaeiuo eino?oiaioia. Anooieaiea ia?aoiaeeo a ia/ith n
yeaiaioaie oaioeaaaeueiinoe, eioi?ay caoai ia?aoiaeeo a eaaeee oaiaoe n
aa?eaoeeiiiui ?acaeoeai.

Oanoay ?ainiaeey ninoieo ec /aou?ao ynii ioa?aie/aiiuo ?acaeaeia.
Ia?aue ?acaeae i?aaenoaaeyao niaie aaiaa?neee ia?o e iineo oa?aeoa?
oi?aeanoaaiiiai oanoaey. Aoi?ie ?acaeae ?ainiaeee – auno?i i?ieaoathuee
oaiaoe, iaeeaeyaiue neieiiaie a eaaeaeii /aoaa?oii oaeoa. O?aoee
?acaeae – ianaiii – ?a/aoaoeaiay eii?iaecaoeey, aini?iecaiaeyuay iaiea
iaaoeia – neaceoaeae, oniauaiiay oi?oeaaaie e aiaaoi i?iaiaioe?iaaiiay,
– ioee/aaony naiaiaeiui ?eoiii, iaeeeai oa?iao, ae?ooiciui iannaaeaie.
*aoaa?oue ?acaeae – auno?ue oaiaoe, ?enothuee ea?oeio ia?iaeiiai
aanaeuey.

A.Ae.Oinoaeiae/ – iaeei ec e?oiiaeoeo eiiiiceoi?ia nia?aiaiiinoe.
Iocuea Oinoaeiae/a ioee/aaony aeoaeiie, aiaaonoaii ia?aciiai
niaea?aeaiey. Aieueoie aioo?aiiee ie? /aeiaaea n aai iuneyie e
no?aieaieyie, niiiaieyie, /aeiaaea, ai?thuaainy i?ioea ianeeey e cea, –
aio iniiaiay oaia Oinoaeiae/a, iiiaiia?acii aiieiuaiiay eae a iaiauaiiuo
ee?eei – oeeinioneeo i?iecaaaeaieyo, oae e a ni/eiaieyoeiie?aoii –
enoi?e/aneiai niaea?aeaiey.

AEai?iaue aeeaiicii oai?/anoaa Oinoaeiae/a aaeee. Ii aaoi? neioiiee e
eino?oiaioaeueiuo ainaiaeae, e?oiiuo e eaia?iuo aieaeueiuo oi?i,
iocueaeueii – noeaie/aneeo i?iecaaaeaiee, iocuee e eeiioeeueiai e
oaao?aeueiui iinoaiiaeai.

Eae ie aaeeei ianoa?noai Oinoaeiae/a a aieaeueiie noa?a, ana aea
iniiaie oai?/anoaa eiiiiceoi?a yaeyaony eino?oiaaioaeueiay iocuea, e
i?aaeaea anaai neioiiey. Ia?iiiua ianooaau niaea?aeaiey, iaiauaiiinoue
iuoeaiey, ino?ioa eiioeeeoia (nioeeaeueiuo eee
ineoieiae/aneeo),aeeiaie/iinoue e no?iaay eiaeea ?acaeoey iocueaeueiie
iunee – ana yoi ii?aaeaeyao iaeee Oinoaeiae/a, eae eiiiiceoi?a –
neioiienoa.

Oinoaeiae/o naienoaaiii eneeth/eoaeueiia ooaeiaeanoaaiiia naiaia?acea.
Aieueooth ?ieue a aai iuoeaiee ea?atho n?aaenoaa iieeoiie/aneiai noeey.
Ii noieue aea aaaeii aeey eiiiiceoi?a au?aceoaeueiinoue eiino?oeoeaii
/aoeeo iino?iaiee aiiioiiii – aa?iiie/aneiai neeaaea. Neioiieci
Oinoaeiae/a, n aai aeoaieei oeeinionee -ineoieiae/aneei niaea?aeaieai e
iai?yaeaiiui ae?aiaoeciii, i?iaeieaeaao eeieth neioiiecia *aeeianeiai;
aieaeueiua aeai?u, n eo noeaie/aneie ?aeueaoiinoueth, ?acaeaatho
i?eioeeiu Ioni?aneiai.

Eaeaeiua ianooaau oai?/anoaa, aeoeaiinoue iunee aaoi?a, eaeie au ii
oaiu ia eanaeny – ai anai yoii eiiiiceoi? iioiaeee ec caaaoia ?onneie
eeanneee.

Aai iocuea naienoaaiia ioe?uoay ioaeeoeenoe/iinoue, ceiaiaeiaaiinoue
oaiaoeee. Oinoaeiae/ iie?aeny ia eo/oea o?aaeeoeee ioa/anoaaiiie e
ca?oaaaeiie eoeueoo?u i?ioeiai. Oae ia?acu aa?ie/aneie ai?ueau o iaai
ainoiaeyo e Aaooiaaio, ia?acu aicauoaiiiai ?acaeoiuey, i?anoaaiiie
e?aniou e noieeinoe – E.-N.Aaoo, io *aeeianeiai caaeooaaiua, ee?e/aneea
ia?acu. N Ioni?aneei aai naeeaeae iaoiae nicaeaiey ?aaeenoe/aneeo
ia?iaeiu oa?aeoa?ia e ia?iaeii-ianniauo noeai, o?aaaaeeeiuo ?aciao.

Neioiiey ?5 (1937 a.) caieiaao iniaia ianoi a oai?/anoaa eiiiiceoi?a.
Iia iciaiaiiaaea ia/aei c?aeiai ia?eiaea. Neioiiey auaeaeyaony aeoaeiie
e caeii/aiiinoueth oeeinioneie eiioeaioeee e c?aeiai ianoa?anoaa. A
oeaio?a neioiiee – /aeiaae, ni anaie aai ia?aaeeaaieyie. Neiaeiinoue
aioo?aiiaai ie?a aa?iy aucaaea e ia?iiiue aeeaiacii niaea?aeaiey
neioiiee: io oeeinioneiai ?aciuoeaiey aei aeai?iaie ca?eniaee, io
o?aaaaeeeiiai iaoina aei a?ioanea. A oeaeii neioiiey iieacuaaao iooue
aa?iy io o?aae/aneiai ie?iiuouaiey /a?ac ai?ueao e ?aaeinoe
aeeciaooaa?aeaeaiey /a?ac ai?ueao e ?aaeinoe aeeciaooaa?aeaeaiey. A I e
III /anoyo ee?eei – ineoieiae/aneea ia?acu, ?ane?uaathuea ae?aiaoeci
aioo?aiieo ia?aaeeaaiee. II /anoue ia?aeeth/aao a eioth noa?o – yoi
oooea, ea?a. IV /anoue aini?eieiaaony eae oi?aeanoai naaoa e ?aaeinoe.

I /anoue. Aeaaiay ia?oey ia?aaeaao aeoaieoth, nin?aaeioi/aiioth iuneue.
Oaia i?iaiaeeony eaiiie/anee, eaaeaeay eioiiaoeey i?eia?aoaao iniaoth
cia/eiinoue e au?aceoaeueiinoue. Iiai/iay ia?oey – yoi aaciyoaaeiia
niaea?aeaiea e au?aaeaiea ia/ou. Oaeei ia?acii a yeniiceoeee iao
eiio?anoiiai niiinoaaeaiey iaaeaeo aeaaiie e iiai/iie ia?oeyie. Iniiaiie
eiioeeeo I /anoe auianai ia niiinoaaeaiea yeniiceoeee e ?ac?aaioee,
eioi?ay io?aaeaao ia?ac ai?ueau.

II /anoue – ea?iaia, oooeoaia nea?oei. ?ieue II /anoe – a
i?ioeaiiinoaaeaiee neiaeiie ae?aia I /anoe. Iia iniiaaia ia auoiauo,
auno?ineeiythueony ia?acao e aini?eieiaaony eae ea?iaaae ianie.

III /anoue au?aaeaao ee?eei – ineoieiae/aneeaia?acu. Caeanue
ionoonoaoao eiioeeeo iaaeaeo /aeiaaeii e a?aaeaeaaiie aio neeie. Aeaaiay
ia?oey au?aaeaao nin?aaeioi/aiiia ?acaeieuea – yoi aiieiuaiea a iocuea
oaiu ?iaeeiu, ainiaaaao iiyoe/aneoth i?aaeanoue ?iaeiie i?e?iaeu.
Iiai/iay ia?oey ?enoao e?anioo ie?oaeathuae /aeiaaea aeecie.

Oeiae. Aini?eieiaaony eae ?ac?aaioea anae neioiiee a ?acoeueoaoa
eioi?ie aeinoeaaaony oi?aeanoai naaoa e ?aaeinoe. Aeaaiay ia?oey eiaao
ia?oaia?aciue oa?aeoa? e cao/eo iiuii e no?aieoaeueii. Iiai/iay ia?oey
cao/eo eae aeii oe?ieiai aeuoaiey. Eiaea – oi?aeanoaaiiue aaee/aaue
aiaoaic.

«Enneaaeoy i?ioeann iiciaiey iocuee eae iaaeaaiae/aneoth i?iaeaio, iu
i?eoee e auaiaeo, – ieoaoA.Ieee/yoneae a naiae noaouea “Iiciaiea iocuee
eae iaaeaaiae/aneay i?iaeaia», – /oi cayaeaiiie oeaee – ainieoaoue
/aeiaaea – aeieaeai ioaa/aoue iniaue aeae iiciaiey iocueaeueiiai
i?iecaaaeaiey, eioi?ue iu iacaaee ooaeiaeanoaaiiui iiciaieai». Aai
iniaaiiinoe y?/a aunaa/eaathony a niiinoaaeaiee n ae?oaeie, aieaa
i?eau/iuie aeaeaie iauaiey n iocueie.

O?aaeeoeeiiii neiaeeeinue ianeieueei aeaeia iiciaiey iocuee. Noi?iiieee
iao/iiai, iocueaeueii – oai?eoe/aneiai iiaeoiaea e iocuea aeaaioth
caaea/o aeaeyo a i?inaauaiee /aeiaaea ciaieyie, eanathueieny no?oeoo?iie
noi?iiu i?iecaaaeaiey, iocueaeueiie oi?iu a oe?ieii niunea neiaa
(iino?iaiea, au?aceoaeueiua n?aaenoaa) e ainieoaiee niioaaonoaothueo
oiaiee. I?e yoii ia i?aeoeea cia/aiea oi?iu /anoi aaniethoe?oaony, iia
oaeoe/anee noaiiaeony aeaaiui iauaeoii iiciaiey, iauaeoii, eioi?ue e
oiio aea o?oaeii aini?eieiaaony ia neoo. Iiaeiaiue iiaeoiae oa?aeoa?ai
aeey i?ioanneiiaeueiuo o/aaiuo caaaaeaiee e aeaoneeo iocueaeueiuo oeie,
ii «iocaoee» aai iuouathony e a iaoiaee/aneeo ?aeiiaiaeaoeeyo aeey
iauaia?aciaaoaeueiuo oeie.

Ae?oaie aeae iiciaiey n/eoaaony aieaa iiaeoiaeyuei aeey
iai?ioanneiiaeia – i?inoi neooaoue iocueo e ?aaeiaaoueny aa e?anioa.
Aeaenoaeoaeueii, eiaiii oae /anoi e i?ienoiaeeo i?e iauaiee n iocueie a
eiioea?oiii caea, anee «eioiiaoeeiiiue neiaa?ue» neooaoaey niioaaonoaoao
eioiiaoeeiiiiio no?ith i?iecaaaeaiey. *aua anaai oaeie aeae iiciaiey
oa?aeoa?ai aeey aoaeeoi?ee, eioi?ay oaea ethaeo na?ueacioth iocueo
(eiie?aoiiai noeey, yiioe eee ?aaeiia). Iaciaai aai oneiaii ianneaiui
ethaeoaeueneei iiciaieai.

Ia o?ieao iocuee a iauaia?aciaaoaeueiie oeiea /aua anaai i?aeoeeoaony
aeoeaiia ethaeoaeueneia iiciaiea, eiaaea iniiaiie caaea/ae noaiiaeony
ii?aaeaeaiea «iano?iaiey» iocuee, aa oa?aeoa?a, ia?yaeo ni ne?iiiie
iiiuoeie iniciaoue au?aceoaeueiua n?aaenoaa. Eae iieacuaaao i?aeoeea,
o?aoa?aoiua auneacuaaiey i «iano?iaiee» iocuee nei?i iaaeiaaeatho
oeieueieeai, e ca/anooth iie oiio?aaeytho noaiaea?oiua oa?aeoa?enoeee,
aeaaea ia aneooeaaynue a i?iecaaaeaiea.

Aeaaiia aea, /oi ana oeacaiiua aeaeu iiciaiey ia niiniaiu
iaiin?aaenoaaiii aeeyoue ia ee/iinoue oeieueieea ie a ynoaoe/aneii, ie a
i?aanoaaiiii ioiioaiee. A naii aeaea, i eaeii oeaeaiai?aaeaiiii
ainieouaathuai aicaeaenoaee iocuee iiaeii aiai?eoue a oii neo/aa, eiaaea
ia ia?aue ieai auoiaeeo iniciaiea oi?iu i?iecaaaeaiey eee oa?aeoa?enoeea
aa iano?iaiey?

I?e ooaeiaeanoaaiiii iiciaiee iocuee caaea/a oeieueieea (neooaoaey eee
eniieieoaey) caeeth/aaony a ae?oaii: a iiciaiee oao yiioeee e
ni/oanoaothueo ei iuneae, eioi?ua aicieeatho o iaai naiiai a i?ioeanna
iauaiey n iocueie. Eia/a aiai?y – a iiciaiee ee/iinoiiai niunea
i?iecaaaeaiey.

Oaeie iiaeoiae e iocuea aeoeeece?oao aeayoaeueiinoue o/aueony e
cae?aieyao oeaiiinoii-cia/eoaeueiue iioea yoie aeayoaeueiinoe.

I?ioeann aini?eyoey iocueaeueiiai ia?aca niinianoaoao ia oieueei naycue
n ae?oaeie aeaeaie eneonnoaa, ii e aeeaia iiyoe/aneia neiai o/eoaey.

«Neiai ieeiaaea ia iiaeao aei eiioea iauynieoue anth aeoaeio iocuee, –
ienae A.A.Nooiieeineee, – ii aac neiaa iaeuecy i?eaeeceoueny e yoie
oii/aeoae noa?a iiciaiey /oanoa».

Ia anyeia neiai iiiiaaao neooaoaeth. Iaeii ec aaaeiaeoeo o?aaiaaiee e
anooieoaeueiiio neiao iiaeii noi?ioee?iaaoue oae: iiiiaaao
ooaeiaeanoaaiiia neiai – y?eia, yiioeeiiaeueiia, ia?aciia.

I/aiue aaaeii o/eoaeth iaeoe aa?ioth eioiiaoeeth aeey eaaeaeie
eiie?aoiie aanaaeu. Iaeuecy n iaeeieeiaie eioiiaoeeae aiai?eoue i
aa?ieea E.Aaooiaaia e ee?eea I.*aeeianeiai i oaioeaaaeueiie noeoee
iocuee A.Oa/aoo?yia e aeecia?aaeinoiie ia?oaainoe E.Aeoiaaaneiai. A
nicaeaiee ii?aaeaeaiiiai iano?iaiey eiatho au?aceoaeueiay ieiea, aeanou,
aeaaea iica o/eoaey.Oaeei ia?acii, anooieoaeueiia neiai o/eoaey aeieaeii
auoue eiaiii anooieoaeueiui neiaii, iiaeaiaeyuei e aeaaiiio aini?eyoeth
iocuee.

A eieaa «Eae ?anneacuaaoue aeaoyi i iocuea?» Ae.A.Eaaaeaaneee ieoao,
/oi ia?aae i?ineooeaaieai ia neaaeoao aeaoaeueii eanaoueny
i?iecaaaeaiey, eioi?ia i?icao/eo. Aaaeiaa iano?ieoue neooaoaey ia
ii?aaeaeaiioth aieio ?anneacii ia yiioa, i eiiiiceoi?a eee enoi?ee
i?iecaaaeaiey, i oii, /oi Aeieo?ee Ai?eniae/ iacuaaao «aeia?aoeae
i?iecaaaeaiey». Oaeie ?acaiai? n?aco nicaeaao iano?ie ia aini?eyoea
oeaeiai, a ia ioaeaeueiuo iiiaioia. Aicieeioo iaeeaeaiey, aeiioacu. Yoe
aeiioacu e aoaeoo oi?aaeyoue iineaaeothuei aini?eyoeai. Iie iiaoo
iiaeoaa?aeaeaoueny, /anoe/ii iaiyoueny, aeaaea ioaa?aaoueny, ii a ethaii
ec yoeo neo/aaa aini?eyoea aoaeao oeaeinoiui, yiioeeiiaeueii-niuneiaui.

Ia iaeiie ec eiioa?aioeee, iinayuaiiie iaiauaieth iiuoa ?aaiou ii
iocuea, auneacuaaeinue i?aaeeiaeaiea: ia?aae i?ineooeaaieai iiaie iocuee
ciaeiieoue o/aueony (n?aaeieo e noa?oeo eeannia) n iniiaiui iocueaeueiui
iaoa?eaeii, aeaeaoue aiaeec n?aaenoa iocueaeueiie au?aceoaeueiinoe.

I?aaeeaaaeinue oaeaea ia?aae i?ineooeaaieai aeaaaoue o/aueiny
eiie?aoiua caaeaiey: i?ineaaeeoue ca ?acaeoeai eiie?aoiie oaiu,
i?ineaaeeoue ca ?acaeoeai ioaeaeueiiai n?aaenoaa au?aceoaeueiinoe.
Auaea?aeeaatho ee oiiieiaaoeany i?eaiu e?eoeeo n oi/ee c?aiey ?acaeoey
oai?/aneiai aini?eyoey iocueaeueiiai ia?aca?

Iieac ioaeaeueiuo oai aei ia?aiia/aeueiiai aini?eyoey, a oaeaea
eiie?aoiua caaeaiey, iai?aaeaiiua ia auoaaouaaiea iaeiie ec noi?ii
i?iecaaaeaiey, eeoaao iineaaeothuaa aini?eyoea oeaeinoiinoe, /oi eeai
?acei oiaiueoaao, eeai aiana eneeth/aao ynoaoe/aneia aicaeaenoaea
iocuee.

Iieacii ioaeaeueiuo oai aei ia?aiia/aeueiiai oeaeinoiiai aini?eyoey
o/eoaeue onoaiaaeeaaao naiaia?aciua «auoee», iiiiaathuea i?eaioe?iaea
oeieueieeia a iaciaeiiii ni/eiaiee. Iaeiaei oaeay oi?ia iiiiue o/aieeo
oieueei ia ia?aue acaeyae eaaeaony ii?aaaeaiiie. I?e nenoaiaoe/aneii
eniieueciaaiee iia ?iaeaeaao o oeieueieeia naiaai ?iaea «neooiaia
eaeaeeaai/anoai». I?aaeaa?eoaeueiia ?acuyniaiea iocuee ia?aae
i?ineooeaaieai eae aoaeoi aii?oaeaao o/aieea i?e neooaiee aeaiiiai
i?iecaaaeaiey, ii ia iao/eo aai ?acae?aoueny a iaciaeiiie iocuea naiiio,
ia aioiaeo aai e aini?eyoeth iocuee aia eeanna. Neaaeiaaoaeueii, ia
aioiaeo aai e oai?/aneiio aini?eyoeth iocuee.

A neo/aa i?aaeainoeuaiey oeaeinoiiai aini?eyoey iocuee aiaeeoe/aneei
oeacaieyie iaaeaaiaa ?aaeueiie noaiiaeony iianiinoue ?acai?a n?aaenoa
iocueaeueiie au?aceoaeueiinoe eae oaoiieiae/aneie iiaeaee. Ioaeii aea
no?aieoueny e oiio, /oiau ana aiaeeoe/aneea i?iaeaiu, cao?aaeaaeenue ia
o?iea, aicieeaee au ec aini?eiyoiai o/aueieny aeeciaiiiai niaea?aeaiey
iocuee. Oio aiaeec, eioi?ue naeaeatho ia o?iea ?aayoa n iiiiuueth
iaaeaaiaa, aeieaeai iie?aoueny ia oeaeinoiia aini?eyoea, ia oeaeinoiia
iniuneaiea eee oiai eee eiiai i?iecaaaeaiey.

I?aaiia?ii ee aiiaua ioeacuaaoueny io i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ciaeiinoaa
o/aueony n iocueaeueiui iaoa?eaeii i?iecaaaeaiey? Iii?a i?e
ia?aiia/aeueiii aini?eyoee ia iocueaeueiue iaoa?eae, iieacuaaaiue
o/eoaeai iaiin?aaenoaaiii ia?aae i?ineooeaaieai, iiaay i?ia?aiia
i?ioeaiiinoaaeyao iii?o ia aiaeaie iaeaieeaaaiue iiuo oeaeinoiiai
aini?eyoey iocuee. I?aaeaa?eoaeueiia aea ciaeiinoai n iocueaeueiui
iaoa?eaeii anaaea i?ienoiaeeo a aeaea aieaa eee iaiaa naiinoiyoaeueiuo
iocueaeueiuo ia?acia.

Neooaiea e eniieiaiea iiiaeo ianai, aeinoaoi/ii caaa?oaiiuo iaeiaeee e
aieaa ?acaa?ioouo iino?iaiee aioiaeo o/aueony e aini?eyoeth e?oiiuo
ni/eiaiee eee ioaeaeueiuo eo /anoae, aaea iocueaeueiua ia?acu, cao/aaoea
?aiaa, noaiiayony /anoueth aieaa iiiaia?aiiiai iocueaeueiiai ia?aca,
ia/eiatho acaeiiaeaenoaiaaoue n ae?oaeie iocueaeueiuie ia?acaie.

*oi aea eanaaony i?aaiia?iinoe aini?eyoey iocuee ni niaoeeaeueiui
caaeaieai, oi io yoiai i?eaia oaeaea ia neaaeoao ioeacuaaoueny, o.e.
aneooeaaiea a iocueo ni niaoeeaeueiui caaeaieai iicaieyao ?aayoai
eiiaaea oneuoaoue oi, /oi aac oaeiai caaeaiey iiaei i?inoi i?ieoe ieii
eo aieiaiey. Ii iieueciaaoueny yoei i?eaiii, eae neacaii a i?ia?aiia,
neaaeoao eeoue oiaaea, eiaaea aac iaai iaeuecy iaieoenue: aeey aieaa
aeoaieiai ?ane?uoey oao eee eiuo a?aiae aini?eiyoiai oeieueieeaie
niaea?aeaiey iocueaeueiiai i?iecaaaeaiey. Eniieueciaaiea yoiai i?eaia
oieueei ai eiy «oi?aaeiaiey» neooa (ia aieaa oiai) – eneeth/aaony.

Eoae aini?eyoea iocueaeueiiai ia?aca oeieueieeaie aeieaeii auoue
iaaeaaiae/anee i?aaieciaaii. I?e yoii aaaeiaeoei i?eaioe?ii aeey o/eoaey
yaeyaony yiioeeiiaeueii – ia?aciay noa?a iocuee, n o/aoii naiaia?acey
eioi?ie ii aeieaeai no?ieoue aia caaiuey naiae ?aaiou ii ?acaeoeth o
aeaoae aaeaeaaoiiai, oiieiai e aeoaieiai aini?eyoey iocuee.

Iniaia aieiaiea aeieaeai oaeaeeoue o/eoaeue iiaeaioiaea aeaoae e
aini?eyoeth iiaiai iocueaeueiiai ni/eiaiey. Ia?auaiea e ?iaenoaaiiui
iocuea aeaeai eneonnoaa, aeeaia iiyoe/aneia neiai iaaeaaiaa i iocuea
yaeythony n?aaenoaaie, iiiiaathueie ?aoaieth oeaio?aeueiie i?iaeaiu
iocueaeueiiai iao/aiey a oeiea, – oi?ie?iaaieth eoeueoo?u iocueaeueiiai
aini?eyoey o oeieueieeia.

«Ii no?aieoeai i?iecaaaeaiee N.A.?aoiaieiiaa»

*oiau iiiyoue eaeia-ieaoaeue ooaeiaeanoaaiiia ?iecaaaeaiea ooaeiaeieea
eee oeieo ooaeiaeieeia, iaiaoiaeeii a oi/iinoe ia?noaaeoue naaa iauaa

ninoiyiea oinoaaiiiai e i?aanoaaiiiai ?acaeoey oiai a?aiaie, e eioi?iio
iii i?eiaaeeaaeeo. Caeanue oaeony ia?ae/iay i?e/eia, ii?aaeaeeaoay ana
inoaeueiia.

Eiiieeo I.

(Ia o?iea eniieueciaaia iiaanoue TH.Iaaeaeia «?aoiaieiia», o.e.
iiyoe/aneia neiai niiniaii aucaaoue a i?aaenoaaeaiee aeaoae
ii?aaeaeaiiue c?eoaeueiue ?yae, iicaieeo aeaoyi i?eioe?uoue aeey naay
oaeio iaae/aneie neeaeu oai?/anoaa ?aoiaieiiaa, eae iniiaiie i?eioeei
aai oai?/aneiai iuoeaiey.

Ioi?ieaiea eeanna: ii?o?ao N.?aoiaieiiaa, eieae n eeoa?aoo?iui
ianeaaeeai e ienueiaie, iiou e aaoi/ea ne?aie.

Naaiaeiy ian aeaeao oaeeaeoaeueiay ano?a/a n iocueie Na?aay
Aaneeueaae/a ?aoiaieiiaa, ?onneiai eiiiiceoi?a. Aeeceea, oi?ioi ciaaoea
aai ethaee aniiieiaee, /oi neiaaie i naaa e i naieo i?iecaaaeaieyo ii
ii/oe ie/aai ia aiai?ee, iieaaay, /oi ana neacae naieie i?iecaaaeaieyie.
E iioiio, /oiau iiiyoue oai?/anoai eiiiiceoi?a iaaei neooaoue aai
iocueo. (Cao/eo Iaethaeey nieue-aeeic ieii?, i?.32, ?12 a eniieiaiee
N.?eooa?a).

ss?/aeoae no?aieoeae ?onneie iocuee n/eoaee oai?/anoai ?aoiaieiiaa e a
?innee, e ia Caiaaea. Ii aiae 1917 ieacaeny a noaeueaa eiiiiceoi?a
?ieiaui.

Ec eieae: «?aiiyy inaiue 1917 aiaea. ?aoiaieiia aoae ia iaoeia a
Eaaiiaeo. Ii noi?iiai aei?iae – iaoa?aiiua oeaaa, canooaiiua ni?iyeii
ea?oioaeueiua iiey, a?a/eoe, i?ini. Ne?ioeeai oi?/ao noieau ia ianoa
?anoauaiiiai e?uoiai oiea. Iaoeia iiaeuaoaea e onaaeueaa. E caeanue
i?eiaoiua neaaeu ?aci?a. Aicea aeiia ?aciaoeaaee ?oeaie eaeea-oi
ioaeeee, a ae?oaea ioaeeee auiineee ioooaea aacu, e?anea, naa?iooua
eia?u, ?acioth ooaa?ue. Ii ia yoi iio?ynei ?aoiaieiiaa: oe?ieea ieia ai
aoi?ii yoaaea ?aniaoioeenue, oai iieacaeinue ia/oi aieueoia, /a?iia,
naa?eathuaa, iaaeaeioeinue ia iiaeieiiiee, auiyoeeinue ia?oaeo e aae?oa
a?ioioeinue aiec. E eeoue oaea?eaoenue i caieth e aciua iai?aaiiuie
no?oiaie, iaia?oaeeei naith nouiinoue eaaeiaoiiai ?iyey «noaiaae».

Aiei/y iiae, eae ae?yoeue noa?ee, ?aoiaieiia iia?ae e aeiio. Ioaeeee
caiaoeea aai, eiaaea ii ieacaeny ?yaeii n o?oiii ?iyey, e ioeaiaiaee. O
ieo ia auei ee/iie iaiaaenoe e ?aoiaieiiao, e anee a ionoonoaea ii
noaiiaeeny «aa?ei», «iiiauee», oi aeeaie aai ia?ac iaiiieiae, /oi ii ia
i?inoi aa?ei, nianai ia aa?ei, a ia/oi ae?oaia, aeaeaei ia noieue ei
a?aaeaeaaiia.

Ie/aai, i?iaeieaeaeoa, – ?annayiii neacae ?aoiaieiia e
inoaiiaeeny iaae /a?iuie, aeanoyueie aeineaie, /ae nia?oiue aie aua
i?iaeieaeae cao/aoue a aai ooao.

Ii aeyaeae ia… aua ae?iaeauea no?oiu, ia ?aca?inaiiua e?oaii
eeaaeoe… e iiieiae, /oi ieeiaaea ia caaoaeao yoie ieioou.

I /ai aiai?eony a yoii io?uaea?

I oii, /oi aaniieieiay e iai?yaeaiiay ianoaiiaea a ?innee 1917 aiaea
iaoneiaeea eiioeeeo ?aoiaieiiaa n i?aaiaie e?anoueyineie aaaeiiou a
aei?iaii na?aeoeo eiiiiceoi?a eiaie Eaaiiaea.

I?aaeeueii, e aiiaua ana i?ienoiaeyuaa a ?innee, a ia oieueei a
Eaaiiaea, aini?eieiaeinue ?aoiaieiiaui io?eoeaoaeueii, eae anaia?iaeiia
aaaenoaea.

?aoiaieiia oae ieoao i naiae iiacaeea a Oaiaia: «… /ooue ia ana noi
aa?no iia i?eoeinue iaaiiyoue iaicu n eaeeie-oi caa?neeie, aeeeeie
?ueaie, ano?a/aaoeie i?iacae aaoiiiaeey aeeaiueai, naenoii, eeaeaieai a
aaoiiiaeeue oaiie». Ia a neeao iiiyoue i?ienoiaeyuaai, ?aoiaieiia
i?eieiaao ?aoaiea a?aiaiii iieeiooue ?inneth. E oacaeaao n oyaeaeui
/oanoaii, aua ia ciay, /oi oacaeaao iaanaaaea, e /oi iiiai ?ac
iiaeaeaao, /oi naeaeae yoio oaa. Aia?aaee aai aeaeaea e aoaei?aaeeea
oinea ii ?iaeeia. (Cao/eo io?uaie ec I?aethaeee nieue-aeeac ieii?).

Oaoaa ec ?innee, ?aoiaieiia aoaeoi eeoeeny ei?iae e aeieaia a?aiy ie/aai
ia ni/eiye, caieiaynue eeoue eiioea?oiie aeayoaeueiinoueth. Aeey iaai
auee ?aniaoioou aeaa?e eo/oeo eiioea?oiuo caeia Iueth-Ei?ea,
Oeeaaeaeueoee, Iaoa?ao?aa, Aeao?ieoa, Eeeaeaiaea, *eeaai. E oieueei
iaeii ianoi auei cae?uoi aeey ?aoiaieiiaa – aai ?iaeeia, aaea eo/oei
iocueaioai auei i?aaeeiaeaii aieeioe?iaaoue aai i?iecaaaeaiey. Aacaoa
«I?aaaea» ienaea: «Na?aae ?aoiaieiia, auaoee iaaaoe ?onneiai eoia/anoaa
e ao?aeoacee, aeaii enienaaoeeny eiiiiceoi?, eieoaoi? e ?aaeoeeiia?,
auaoee iiiauee – caeeyoue e aeoeaiue a?aa i?aaeoaeuenoaa». «Aeieie
?aoiaieiiaa! Aeieie iieeiiaiea ?aoiaieiiao!» – i?ecuaaee «Ecaanoey».

(Ec eieae):

Eeoue iaeiei iaiiieiaea oaaeoea?neay aeeea noa?oth Eaaiiaeo: eonoii
ne?aie, iaeiaaea i?eaacaiiui ec ?innee.

?aaee aiaa, ia iia?aaeeoa ei?iae! – oiieye ii noa?eea-naaeiaieea.

Ia aaniieieoanue, aa?? ?aoiaieiia.

ss ia niiiaaathnue, /oi ana aoaeao a ii?yaeea. Ii ne?aiue – iaaeiia e
auiineeaia ?anoaiea. Anee au iia?aaeeoa ei?ie – ana i?iiaei.

?aoiaieiia ethaee ?inneth, a ?inney ethaeea ?aoiaieiiaa. E iioiio
aii?aee anai cai?aoai, iocuea ?aoiaieiiaa i?iaeieaeaea cao/aoue, o.e.
cai?aoeoue aa auei iaaiciiaeii. A oai a?aiaiai e ?aoiaieiiao oeoi
iiaee?aaeuaaeanue iaecea/eiay aieaciue – ?ae eaaeeo e ia/aie.

(Ec eieae: )

Ii iaueiiaaieth no?iaee, iiaeoyiooue; a aacoei?eciaiiii o?aea, ii
iiyaeyeny ia noeaia, ioaaoaaae ei?ioeee iieeii, ?ani?aaeye oaeaeu,
onaaeeaaeny, i?iaiaae iiaie iaaeaeue – ana, eae anaaaea, e eeoue naiua
aeeceea ethaee ciaee, /oi noieo aio eaaeaeia aeaeaeaiea, eae cao?oaeiaia
aai iinooiue e eaeei ia/aeiaa/aneei oneeeai aiee ne?uaaao ii io ioaeeee
naie ioee. (Cao/eo I?aethaeey aei-aeeac ieii? a eniieiaiee
N.?aoiaieiiaa).

(Ec eieae: ) …?aoiaieiia n aeaneii caaa?oaao i?aethaeeth. Iaaoeey
caea. ?aoiaieiia iuoaaony anoaoue e ia iiaeao. Ii iooaeeeaaaony ?oeaie
io neaeaiuey oaao?aoee – ouaoii. Ne?o/aiiue iaia?aiineiie aieueth
iicaiii/iee ia aeaao aio ?ani?yieony.

Caiaaan! Caiaaan! – ?acaeaaony ca eoeenaie

Iineeee! – iio?aaiaae a?a/

Iiaiaeeoa! ss aeieaeai iiaeaaiaea?eoue ioaeeeo… E iii?iuaoueny.

?aoiaieiia oaaioe e ?aiia e iieeiieeny… I?ieaoaa /a?ac i?eano?iaoth
yio e aai iiaai oiae ?ineioiue aoeao aaeie ne?aie. Caiaaan oniaee
iionoeoue, i?aaeaea /ai ii ?ooioe ia iiiino.

A eiioea ia?oa 1943 a., anei?a iinea caaa?oaiey Noaeeia?aaeneie aeoau,
enoiaeo eioi?ie oniae ii?aaeiaaoueny Na?aae Aaneeueaae/, aeecei e naaa
aini?eieiaaoee oyaiou e no?aaeaiey aieiu a ?innee, ec /a?iuo
?ai?iaeoeoi?ia aac ia/iiai aeeeoi?neiai iauyaeaiey au?inee 8 ia/aeueiuo
aeei?aeia anooieaiey Aoi?iai oi?oaieaiiiai eiioea?oa (eniieiaiiia ia
oi?oaieaii). Iinea /aai auei neacaii, /oi a NOA neii/aeny Na?aae
Aaneeueaae/ ?aoiaieiia. (Cao/eo o?aaiaio aoi?ie /anoe eiioea?oa ? 2 aeey
oi?oaieaii n i?eano?ii).

?aoiaieiiaa ia noaei, a aai iocuea i?iaeieaeaea nia?aaaoue aeooe
enno?aaeaaoeony io aieiu niioa/anoaaiieeia:

E iioa eaaeaeay aai e?e/eo: – I?inoe!

E e?ano iaae oieieeii e?e/eo: – I?inoe!

Ii ia /oaeaeia noieueei i?ia?onoee!

Ii ia /oaeaeia oieueei iiainoee…

Ienaoaeue aeieaeai aue

oiiaeiaeoueny eiio?aaaiaeenoo, /oiau

aeiianoe aei /eoaoaey naie

iunee.

E.Oo?aaiueaa.

Ia aeinea naoe?e/aneee ?enoiie.

O: *oiau nicaeaoue aeoaieia naoe?enoe/aneia i?iecaaaeaiea, iaaei
oaeaeaoue iauanoai eae au ni noi?iiu, aai aeeciue ai anao a?aiyo, a yoi
iiae neeo oieueei aaeeeei oai?oeai. Yoe ethaee, eae i?aaeei, iaeaaeaee
aea?ii i?iaeaeaiey. Eiai au au iacaaee ec oaeeo ethaeae? (Ioaaou).

Iie, eae eaoiienoeu, io?aaeatho a naiai oai?/anoaa a?aiy, aai ioeuen e
iaoaii?oicu. Oaeei aue Ae.Oinoaeiae/. Ana au ciaaoa eiiiiceoi?a, ii aai
«Eaieai?aaeneie neioiiee». Yoi aeaaio, eioi?ue io?acee a naiai
oai?/anoaa yiioo. Anee a Naaeueiie neioiiee iiuii cao/eo ?ac?ooeoaeueiay
oaia oaoecia, oaia ai?ueau n iei, oi Ainueiay, nicaeaiiay a
iineaaiaiiia a?aiy, aae?oa caeai/eaaaony ia aiioaicii, a aeoaieei
oeeinioneei ?aciuoeaieai. Ia iioiio ee yoa neioiiey iiaeaa?aaaony
e?eoeea e aiiaieyi aa aaoi?. A Aeaayoay neioiiey, eacaeinue au,
eo/aca?iay, aaccaaioiay, ?aaeinoiay… Ii yoi oieueei ia ia?aue acaeyae.
Iineooaeoa I /anoue neioiiee e iinoa?aeoanue ioaaoeoue:

Oinoaeiae/ ieoao io ia?aiai eeoea eee niio?eo ia ie? eae au ni noi?iiu?
(Cao/eo 1-y /anoue Aeaayoie neioiiee)

Ae: Eiiiiceoi? eae au iaaethaeaao ie? ni noi?iiu.

O: Eaeei ii i?aaenoaaeo ia?aae iei?

Ae: Caeanue eae au aeaa ia?aca: iaeei – naaoeue, ?aaeinoiue, a ae?oaie
– aeo?aoeeaue, iioiaeee ia aeaoneea aiaiiua ea?u. Yoe ia?acu eaeea-oi ia
ianoiyuea, a ea?ooa/iua. (Eiiaaea yoo /anoue aeaoe n?aaieaatho n ntheoie
E.No?aaeineiai, a eioi?ie aa?ie «i?uaatho», eae ia?eiiaoee, ii a ioee/ea
io ntheou, a neioiiee ia ea?eeaoo?a, a eaeia-oi iaaethaeaiea).

O: Eaeia ioiioaiea aaoi?a au ii/oanoaiaaee ca yoei «ea?ooa/iui»,
«aaccaaioiui» ia?acii, eciaiyaony ee iii?

Ae: Iocuea iinoaiaiii eneaaeaaony, nia/aea eiiiiceoi? oeuaaaony, a
iioii eae aoaeoi caaeoiuaaaony. E eiioeo yoe ia?acu oaea ia oaeea
aaeiaaiiua, a iaiiiai o?iaeeeaua.

O: Aeaaaeoa iineooaai II /. (cao/eo i?iaeieaeaiea) eaeea aea caeanue
neuoaony eioiiaoeee?

Ae: Oyaeaeua acaeioe. Iocuea ia/aeueiay e aeaaea aieaciaiiay. Yoi
ia?aaeeaaiey naiiai eiiiiceoi?a.

O: Ii/aio aea iinea oaeie iai?eioaeaeaiiie 1 /anoe iiyaeyaony oaeay
ia/aeue, oyaeaeia ?acaeoiuea? Eae au yoi iauynieoa?

Ae: Iia eaaeaony, /oi eiiiiceoi?, aeyaey ia yoe oaeinoe, caaeaao naaa
aii?in: a oae ee iie aaciaeaeiu? Iioiio /oi a eiioea aiaiiua
neaiaeue/eee ec ea?ooa/iuo noaiiayony iioiaee ia ianoiyuea.

O: O ian i/aiue enioa?aniia iaaethaeaiea, iiaeao auoueeiiiiceoi?
caaeaao naaa aii?in: «ss aaea-oi yoi oaea aeaeae, yoi oaea auei,
auei…?» Aai yoe eioiiaoeee ia iaiiieiatho /oi-ieaoaeue ec ae?oaie
iocuee?

Ae: Iia i?eioea Eeiiia ec «*eiieeeii». A iia iaiiiaeei iaoanoaea,
oieueei a oooi/iie oi?ia.

O: A aaaeue oaeea oaeinoe ian nia/aea oieeytho, ii iie ii?ie
ia?a?iaeaeathony a naith i?ioeaiiieiaeiinoue. Ia ec oaeeo ee oaeinoae
?iaeeeny aeoea?thaaiae? Iiiieony oeeuei «Eaee e niio?e». Ia?aae iaie
i?ioiaeyo eaae?u: caa?noaa, iiae?inoee ec aeoea?thaaiaea e, iaeiiaoe
?aaaiie ia ?oeao iaoa?e. E yoio ?aaaiie – Aeoea?. Eoi ciae, ai /oi
aueuethony aeaoneea oaeinoe. (Iiaeii n?aaieoue n nieaeaoaie ec «Oiaeeiu
Io?ueaou», n oaeoaie ec nia?aiaiiie enoi?ee). *oi aea i?ienoiaeeo
aeaeueoa? (Neooaai 3, 4, 5-th /anoe).

3-y /anoue i?aaenoaao eae ia?aiue iai?yaeaiiue ?eoi aeecie, oioy aa
aiaoiyy no?aieoaeueiinoue aucuaaao ia?aiia/aeueii iuouaiea aanaeuey. I?e
aieiaoaeueiii i?ineooeaaiee ia 1 ieai aunooiaao ia aeanoyuaa
o?aaeeoeeiiiia nea?oei, a aieaaie, iai?yaeaiiue ae?aiaoeci.

4-y e 5-y /anoe – naiaia?aciue auaiae: nia/aea caoe o?oau iaiiieiaao
o?aae/aneee iiiieia i?aoi?a – o?eaoia, i?aaeaanoieea i?i?iea. A aai
i?i?i/anoaa – io?a/aiiinoue e eiiie aiee. A?aiy inoaiiaeaii, eae
eeiieaae?, neuoaoueny ioaieinee aiaiiuo niauoee, ynii iuouaaony
i?aainoaaiiinoue n eioiiaoeeae naaeueiie neioiiee («Oaiie iaoanoaey»).

5-y /anoue iano?iaia ia eioiiaoeeyo 1-ie /anoe ii eae iie eciaieeenue!
Aacaeooiui aeo?ai i?iianny a e?oaiaa?oe aeiae, ia aucuaay o ian ie
oeuaie, ie neiiaoee. Eeoue iaeiaaeaeu a ieo iiyaeythony /a?ou
ia?aiia/aeueiiai ia?aca, neiaii aeey n?aaiaiey, aeey iaiyoe.

O: Eiaao ee yoa neioiiey enoi?e/aneee niune? A /ai au /oanoaoaoa
i?i?i/anoai Oinoaeiae/a?

Ae: A oii, /oi ii ?aiueoa ae?oaeo oaeaeae aeanoieinoue oiai a?aiaie e
io?acee aa a naiae iocuea. Yoi aue oyaeaeue ia?eiae a aeecie no?aiu,
eiaaea oi?aeanoaiaaei cei, e ii a iocuea neiaii i?aaeoi?aaeaeae.

O: A nai ii eae ioiineeny e i?ienoiaeyuaio?

Ae: Ii noa?aaeao, io/aaony. E au?aaeaao naie /oanoaa a iocuea.

*eoaai aua ?ac yiea?ao o?iea, ?aciuoeyai iaae iei, n?aaieaaai
i?iecaaaeaiea Oinoaeiae/a n ?enoieii – naoe?ie ia iauanoai
ethaeae-aeioeeia, ia ?aciuoeythueo, neaii iiae/eiythueony aiea iaeiiai.

7-y, 8-y, 9-y neioiiee – o?eioeo, naycaiiue iaeiie eiaeeie, aaeeiie
ae?aiaoo?aeae, e 9-y neioiiey – yoi ia oaa iacaae, ia ionooieaiea io
na?ueaciie oaiu, a eoeueieiaoeey, eiae/aneia caaa?oaiea o?eioeoa.

Caoai eniieiyaony ianiy A.Ieoaeaeaau, neiaa eioi?ie «Aicueiainy ca ?oee
ae?ocuey, /oia ia i?iiano ii iaeeii/ea» i?icao/ao, eae niuneiaia
caaa?oaiea o?iea. (I?aaeeaaaaiue iaoa?eae iiaeao noaoue iniiaie 2-o
o?ieia).

Aeaeeia?aoey.

Aioiiia TH. «Eneonnoai a oeiea» 1996 a. ? 3

Aa?aiianeay ?. Niaaoneay iocueaeueiay eeoa?aoo?a – Iineaa «Iocuea», 1981
a.

Ao?ay E. «Eneonnoai a oeiea», 1991 a.

Aaiae?iaa O. «Iocuea a oeiea» , 1988 a. ? 3

Aeiia?aaeia E. «Eneonnoai a oeiea» 1994 a. ? 2

Ai?thiiaa E. «Eneonnoai a oeiea» 1996 a.

Coaa/aaneay I. «Eneonnoai a oeiea» 1994 a.

Eeyuaiei I. «Eneonnoai a oeiea» 1991 a. ?1

E?aneeueieeiaa O. Iaoiaee/aneia iiniaea aeey o/eoaeae – Aeaaeeie?, 1988
a.

Eaaee A. «Iocueaeueiay eeoa?aoo?a ca?oaaaeiuo no?ai» – Iineaa:
Ainoaea?noaaiiia iocueaeueiia ecaeaoaeuenoai, 1958 a.

Ianeiaa E. «Iocuea a oeiea» 1989 a. ? 3

Ieoaeeiaa I. «?onneay iocueaeueiay eeoa?aoo?a» – Eaiea?aae: «Iocuea»
1985 a.

Inaiiaaa I. «Eneonnoai a oeiea» 1998 a. ? 2

Ieee/yonean A. «Eneonnoai a oeiea» 1994 a.? 2

Ineoieiae/aneee neiaa?ue – Iineaa : Iaaeaaiaeea, 1983 a.

?ieeoyineay O. «Eneonnoai a oeiea» 1996 a. ? 3

Oaa/oe E. «Iocuea a oeiea» 1990 a. ? 1

Yioeeeeiiaaee/aneee neiaa?ue thiiai iocueaioa – Iineaa: «Iaaeaaiaeea»
1985 a.

sseooeia I. «Iocuea a oeiea» 1996 a. ? 4

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