Ieienoa?noai iauaai e i?ioanneiiaeueiiai ia?aciaaiey
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee
O?aeueneee Ainoaea?noaaiiue Oieaa?neoao ei A.I.Ai?ueeiai
Iaoaiaoeei-iaoaie/aneee oaeoeueoao
Eaoaae?a iaoaiaoe/aneiai aiaeeca e oai?ee ooieoeee
Auai? iioeiaeueiuo naoaauo ?aoaiee ia aaca iiiaicaaea/iuo iia?aoeeiiiuo
nenoai aeey iino?iaiey eiiiuethoa?iie naoe aoca.
Aeiioneaaony e caueoa,
caaaaeothuee eaoaae?ie
_______________________ Aeeieiiiay ?aaioa
nooaeaioa V eo?na
a?oiiu Io-502
E?aaaa
Naiaia Aeaaeeie?iae/a
Iao/iue ?oeiaiaeeoaeue:
eaiaeeaeao oec.-iao. iaoe,
aeioeaio eaoaae?u iaoaiaoe/aneie oeceee O?AO,
Onoeiia
Aeaaeeie? Aeaenaaae/.
Aeaoa?eiao?a,
1997 a.
?AOA?AO
E?aaa N.A. «Auai? iioeiaeueiuo naoaauo ?aoaiee ia aaca iiiaicaaea/iuo
iia?aoeeiiiuo nenoai aeey iino?iaiey eiiiuethoa?iie naoe aoca»,
aeeieiiiay ?aaioa, no?. 60, aeae.
Eeth/aaua neiaa: EIIIUeTHOA?IUA NAOE, EAN, NAOAAUA IIA?AOeEIIIUA
NENOAIU.
Iauaeo enneaaeiaaiey: naoaaua iia?aoeeiiiua nenoaiu Novell NetWare,
UNIX, OS/2 LAN Server, OS/2 LAN Manager e Windows NT Advanced Server.
Oeaeue ?aaiou: Ia iniiaa auoaia?a/eneaiiuo iia?aoeeiiiuo nenoai
iino?ieoue naoaaia ?aoaiea i?eiaieiia aeey iino?iaiey eiiiuethoa?iie
naoe aoca n o/aoii iaiaoiaeeiuo o?aaiaaiee e naoe, ia iniiaa eiathuaeny
aiia?aoiie aacu, a oaeaea n o/aoii yeiiiie/aneeo aiciiaeiinoae aoca.
A aeaiiie ?aaioa i?iecaaaeai iiae?iaiue aiaeec aiciiaeiinoae
iia?aoeeiiiuo nenoai NetWare, UNIX, OS/2 e Windows NT. Aeey eaaeaeie ec
ieo iiae?iaii ?anniio?aiu a?oeoaeoo?a IN, oaeeiaua nenoaiu, iiaenenoaiu
caueou eioi?iaoeee, a oaeaea aiciiaeiinoe i?aaeinoaaeyaiua IN
iieueciaaoaeth e aaeieieno?aoi?o. Oaeaea auei i?iecaaaeaii n?aaiaiea
?acee/iuo aa?nee naoaauo iia?aoeeiiiuo nenoai.
Iaeiieaiiua aeaiiua auee iiaeaa?aioou aiaeeco ii e?eoa?eyi, iaiaoiaeeiui
aeey iieiioeaiiie e onoie/eaie ?aaiou eieaeueiie au/eneeoaeueiie naoe
aoca. ?anniao?eaaeenue aiia?aoiua o?aaiaaiey eaaeaeie nenoaiu, eae oi
oei i?ioeanni?a na?aa?a, iaiaoiaeeiia eiee/anoai iia?aoeeiiiie iaiyoe
na?aa?a e ?aai/ae noaioeee, caieiaaiue iauai aeanoeiai aeenea; oaeianoai
?aaiou eeeaioa e oaeianoai aaeieieno?e?iaaiey; onoie/eainoue e
iaaeaaeiinoue; noieiinoue iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu.
Ia iniiaa iieo/aiiuo aeaiiuo auei iino?iaii iioeiaeueiia naoaaia ?aoaiea
aeey eieaeueiie naoe aoca, eioi?ia auei ?aaeeciaaii ia aaca O?aeueneie
Ainoaea?noaaiiie A?oeoaeoo?ii-Ooaeiaeanoaaiiie Aeaaeaiee.
Niaea?aeaiea
TOC \o “1-2” Aaaaeaiea GOTOBUTTON _Toc390631790 PAGEREF
_Toc390631790 4
Aeaaa 1. Aiaeec aiciiaeiinoae IN NetWare oe?iu Novell GOTOBUTTON
_Toc390631791 PAGEREF _Toc390631791 9
1.1 Iaci? a?oeoaeoo?u GOTOBUTTON _Toc390631792 PAGEREF
_Toc390631792 11
1.2 Oaeeiaay nenoaia NetWare GOTOBUTTON _Toc390631793 PAGEREF
_Toc390631793 12
1.3 Caueoa aeaiiuo a IN NetWare GOTOBUTTON _Toc390631794 PAGEREF
_Toc390631794 18
1.4 ?aaioa a naoyo Novell NetWare GOTOBUTTON _Toc390631795 PAGEREF
_Toc390631795 19
1.5 Iaci? ?acee/iuo aa?nee IN NetWare GOTOBUTTON _Toc390631796
PAGEREF _Toc390631796 25
Aeaaa 2. Aiaeec aiciiaeiinoae IN OS/2 GOTOBUTTON _Toc390631797
PAGEREF _Toc390631797 33
2.1 Iaci? a?oeoaeoo?u GOTOBUTTON _Toc390631798 PAGEREF
_Toc390631798 35
2.2 Oaeeiaay nenoaia OS/2 GOTOBUTTON _Toc390631799 PAGEREF
_Toc390631799 37
2.3 Caueoa aeaiiuo a IN OS/2 GOTOBUTTON _Toc390631800 PAGEREF
_Toc390631800 39
2.4 ?aaioa n LAN Manager e LAN Server GOTOBUTTON _Toc390631801
PAGEREF _Toc390631801 41
2.5 N?aaieoaeueiue aiaeec LAN Manager e LAN Server GOTOBUTTON
_Toc390631802 PAGEREF _Toc390631802 46
Aeaaa 3. Aiaeec aiciiaeiinoae IN Windows NT AS GOTOBUTTON
_Toc390631803 PAGEREF _Toc390631803 51
3.1 Iaci? a?oeoaeoo?u GOTOBUTTON _Toc390631804 PAGEREF
_Toc390631804 52
3.2 Oaeeiaay nenoaia NTFS GOTOBUTTON _Toc390631805 PAGEREF
_Toc390631805 61
3.3 Caueoa aeaiiuo a IN Windows NT AS GOTOBUTTON _Toc390631806
PAGEREF _Toc390631806 65
3.4 ?aaioa a naoyo Windows NT AS GOTOBUTTON _Toc390631807 PAGEREF
_Toc390631807 67
Aeaaa 4. Aiaeec aiciiaeiinoae IN UNIX GOTOBUTTON _Toc390631808
PAGEREF _Toc390631808 74
4.1 Iaci? a?oeoaeoo?u GOTOBUTTON _Toc390631809 PAGEREF
_Toc390631809 76
4.2 Oaeeiaay nenoaia GOTOBUTTON _Toc390631810 PAGEREF _Toc390631810
81
4.3 Caueoa aeaiiuo a IN UNIX GOTOBUTTON _Toc390631811 PAGEREF
_Toc390631811 83
4.4 ?aaioa a naoyo UNIX GOTOBUTTON _Toc390631812 PAGEREF
_Toc390631812 85
Caeeth/aiea GOTOBUTTON _Toc390631813 PAGEREF _Toc390631813 87
Aeaeeia?aoey GOTOBUTTON _Toc390631814 PAGEREF _Toc390631814 92
Aaaaeaiea
A iaoae no?aia ca iineaaeiea 5 eao i?iecioae ea/anoaaiiue nea/ie a
eioi?iaoeeiiiuo oaoiieiaeyo. Ia?aiia/aeueii ia?niiaeueiue eiiiuethoa?
i?aaeoniao?eaaeny eiaiii, eae ia?niiaeueiay iaoeia n nianoaaiiui
aaoiiiiiui o?aieeeuai eioi?iaoeee. Iiyoiio i?e ?aaioa iaae eaeei-eeai
eieeaeoeaiui i?iaeoii i?ia?aiiu e aeaiiua ia?aaeaaaeenue iaaeaeo
ioaeaeueiuie eiiiuethoa?aie n iiiiuueth aiaoieo iineoaeae (aeeneaou,
iaaieoiua eaiou e o.ae.).
Iaeiaei n ?acaeoeai eiiiuethoa?iie oaoieee iauaiu ?ac?aaaouaaaiuo e
eniieuecoaiuo a i?ioeanna ?aaiou i?ia?aiiiuo i?iaeoeoia aic?inee.
Niioaaonoaaiii oaaee/eeinue e eiee/anoai i?ia?aiienoia,
caaeaenoaiaaiiuo a eaaeaeii ioaeaeueiii i?iaeoa. Oaeaea yoe eieeaeoeau
iiaee auoue ?ani?aaeaeaiu aaia?aoe/anee ia aeinoaoi/ii aieueoii
?annoiyiee ae?oa io ae?oaa. Ana yoi a oeaeii i?eaaei iaiaoiaeeiinoe
nicaeaiey yooaeoeaiiai niiniaa acaeiiaeaenoaey iaaeaeo ioaeaeueiuie
eiiiuethoa?aie.
Eiino?oeoeey ia?niiaeueiiai eiiiuethoa?a i?aaeoniao?eaaao iaee/ea
iineaaeiaaoaeueiiai eiiioieeaoeeiiiiai ii?oa, eioi?ue aiciiaeii
eniieueciaaoue aeey nayce aeaoo YAI. Eae ?acaeoea yoie oaoiieiaee
aicieeea eaeay eieaeueii au/eneeoaeueiie naoe (EAN). A i?inoaeoai
aa?eaioa EAN – yoi i?iaiae, e eioi?iio ia?aeeaeueii iin?aaenoaii
niaoeeaeueiuo ?acuaiia iiaeeeth/athony ioaeaeueiua eiiiuethoa?u,
iacuaaaiua a yoii neo/aa ?aai/eie noaioeeyie. Ia?aua naoe n?ieeenue ia
iniiaa noaiaea?oiuo eiiioieeaoeeiiiuo ii?oia, iaeiaei nei?inoe iaiaia
aeaiiuo /a?ac yoi ono?ienoai auee neeoeii iaeu. Aeey ono?aiaiey yoie
i?iaeaiu auee nicaeaiu niaoeeaeueiua naoaaua ieaou ni naiei ?acuaiii,
eioi?ua iicaieyee aeiaanoe nei?inoue ia?aaea/e aeaiiuo aei nei?inoae
aioo?aiiae oeiu eiiiuethoa?a.
Iaeia eee ianeieueei iaoei iiaoo auoue auaeaeaiu aeey iaeioi?uo
niaoeeaeueiuo ooieoeee:
?acaeaeaiea iaueo oaeeia. Aeinooi e oaeeai aeey niaianoiiai
iaeiia?aiaiiiai eniieueciaaiey.
Ia?aaea/a oaeeia. Ia?aaea/a eioi?iaoeee aac eniieueciaaiey aiaoieo
iineoaeae.
Aeinooi e eioi?iaoeee e oaeeai. Caione i?eeeaaeiuo i?ia?aii n ethaie
?aai/ae noaioeee.
?acaeaeaiea i?eeeaaeiuo i?ia?aii. Caione iaeiia?aiaiii ia ianeieueeeo
?aai/eo noaioeeyo eiiee iaeiie e oie aea i?ia?aiiu.
Iaeiia?aiaiiue aaiae aeaiiuo a i?eeeaaeiua i?ia?aiiu.
Ana yoe ooieoeee auiieiyao niaoeeaeueii auaeaeaiiay iaoeia, iacuaaaiay
oaee-na?aa?ii.
?acaeaeaiea i?eioa?a. EAN iicaieyao ianeieueeei iieueciaaoaeyi niaianoii
eniieueciaaoue iaeei eee ianeieueei i?eioa?ia. Yoei caieiaaony
i?eio-na?aa?.
Yeaeo?iiiay ii/oa. Yoa neoaeaa eniieuecoaony aeey ?annueee ienai,
neoaeaaiuo caienie, aeieeaaeia e o.i. ae?oaei iieueciaaoaeyi. Iaoeia,
auaeaeaiiay aeey yoie neoaeau iacuaaaony iyee-na?aa?ii.
Iaeiaei a?oeoaeoo?a EAN iiaeao aieaa iiiai aieaa neiaeiie. Oae, a
/anoiinoe, aeiaieueii /anoi eniieuecoaony ia oeia, a oaeea no?oeoo?u eae
caacaea, eieueoei e ae?. I?e iino?iaiee aieaa neiaeiuo naoae aicieeaao
iaiaoiaeeiinoue a aeiiieieoaeueiuo ono?ienoaao. Oae, anee EAN ?acaeoa ia
ianeieueei naaiaioia, iai?eia? aeey aeaoo e aieaa aaia?aoe/anee
oaeaeaiiuo eeannia, oi aeey nayce iaaeaeo yoeie naaiaioaie
eniieuecothony oaau – eaaaeueiua oeaio?u. Oaau eniieuecothony aeey
oece/aneiai iiaeeeth/aiey ianeieueeeo naaiaioia, iaoiaeyueony ia
iaaieueoii oaeaeaiee. Aeey nayce iaaeaeo ?acee/iuie naoyie, iaoiaeyueony
ia cia/eoaeueiii oaeaeaiee, eniieuecotho ia?o?ooecaoi?u. Nouanoaoao
ia?iiiia eiee/anoai ae?oaeo aeaeia naoaaiai iai?oaeiaaiey, ii
ia?a/eneyoue aai iao iaiaoiaeeiinoe. Ia ?uiea nouanoaoao ianeieueei
aeanyoeia aaaeoueo oe?i-i?iecaiaeeoaeae iiaeiaiiai iai?oaeiaaiey.
Eaaeaeay ec ieo i?iecaiaeeo i?iaeoeoeeth nianoaaiiuie niaoeeoeeaoeeyie
e i?aaeiacia/aieai aeey auiieiaiey eiie?aoiuo caaea/ i?e ii?aaeaeaiiuo
oneiaeyo. Iiyoiio aicieeaao ia?aay i?iaeaia iino?iaiey naoaauo ?aoaiee –
aiia?aoiay i?iaeaia. Iaiaoiaeeii iiaeia?aoue iai?oaeiaaiea iioeiaeueiia
aeey ?aoaiey caaea/ai yoie naoe, e i?e yoii iaaei iiiieoue i
niaianoeiinoe onoaiaaeeaaaiie aiia?aoo?u.
Aoi?ie iniiaiie i?iaeaiie iino?iaiey naoaauo ?aoaiee yaeyaony i?iaeaia
i?ia?aiiiiai iaania/aiey. Aiaeiae/ii n ?uieii aiia?aoo?u, ia ?uiea
i?ia?aiiiiai iaania/aiey nouanoaoao ianeieueei eeaee?othueo
oe?i-i?iecaiaeeoaeae Naoaauo Iia?aoeeiiiuo Nenoai (Network Operating
System – NOS) e ae?oaeo i?eeiaeaiee aeey ?aaiou a naoe. Eaaeaeay ec ieo
eiaao naie i?aeiouanoaa e naie iaaeinoaoee, ii oieaa?naeueiie NOS,
eioi?ay oaeiaeaoai?eea au anao iieueciaaoaeae, iiea ia nouanoaoao.
Iiyoiio a e?oiiuo, iai?eia? ei?ii?aoeaiuo, naoyo eniieuecotho
eioaa?e?iaaiiua no?oeoo?u, aeeth/athuea a naay ianeieueei NOS.
Niooieeiaay naycue e naycue /a?ac auaeaeaiiua eeiee iicaieyao
nicaeaaaoue naoe iaaeaeoia?iaeiiai ianooaaa. I?eia?ii iiaeao yaeyoueny
naoue Intranet – ei?ii?aoeaiay naoue ia iniiaa anaie?iie naoe Internet.
Ia naaiaeiyoiee aeaiue a ie?a nouanoaoao aieaa 130 ieeeeiiia
eiiiuethoa?ia e aieaa 80 % ec ieo iauaaeeiaiu a ?acee/iua
eioi?iaoeeiiii-au/eneeoaeueiua naoe io iaeuo eieaeueiuo naoae a ioenao
aei aeiaaeueiuo naoae oeia Internet. Anaie?iay oaiaeaioeey e
iauaaeeiaieth eiiiuethoa?ia a naoe iaoneiaeaia ?yaeii aaaeiuo i?e/ei,
oaeeo eae onei?aiea ia?aaea/e eioi?iaoeeiiiuo niiauaiee, aiciiaeiinoue
auno?iai iaiaia eioi?iaoeeae iaaeaeo iieueciaaoaeyie, iieo/aiea e
ia?aaea/a niiauaiee ( oaenia, E-Mail ienai e i?i/aai ) ia iooiaey io
?aai/aai ianoa, aiciiaeiinoue iaiiaaiiiai iieo/aiey ethaie eioi?iaoeee
ec ethaie oi/ee caiiiai oa?a, a oae aea iaiai eioi?iaoeeae iaaeaeo
eiiiuethoa?aie ?aciuo oe?i i?iecaiaeeoaeae ?aaioathueo iiae ?aciui
i?ia?aiiiui iaania/aieai.
Oaeea ia?iiiua iioaioeeaeueiua aiciiaeiinoe eioi?ua ianao a naaa
au/eneeoaeueiay naoue e oio iiaue iioaioeeaeueiue iiaeuai eioi?ue i?e
yoii eniuouaaao eioi?iaoeeiiiue eiiieaen, a oae aea cia/eoaeueiia
onei?aiea i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai i?ioeanna ia aeatho iai i?aai ia
i?eieiaoue yoi e ?ac?aaioea e ia i?eiaiyoue eo ia i?aeoeea.
Iiyoiio iaiaoiaeeii ?ac?aaioaoue i?eioeeieaeueiia ?aoaiea aii?ina ii
i?aaiecaoeee EAN ( eioi?iaoeeiiii-au/eneeoaeueiie naoe ) ia aaca oaea
nouanoaothuaai eiiiuethoa?iiai ia?ea e i?ia?aiiiiai eiiieaena
ioaa/athuaai nia?aiaiiui iao/ii-oaoie/aneei o?aaiaaieyi n o/aoii
aic?anoathueo iio?aaiinoae e aiciiaeiinoueth aeaeueiaeoaai iinoaiaiiiai
?acaeoey naoe a nayce n iiyaeaieai iiauo oaoie/aneeo e i?ia?aiiiuo
?aoaiee.
A yoeo oneiaeyo i?iaeaia iienea iioeiaeueiiai naoaaiai ?aoaiey
noaiiaeony iniaaiii ino?ie: aicieeaao iaiaoiaeeiinoue eco/eoue
aiciiaeiinoe eaaeaeie NOS e nicaeaaaoue eioaa?e?iaaiiua ?aoaiey,
eniieuecothuea i?aeiouanoaa eaaeaeie ec eniieuecoaiuo NOS.
Iniiaiia iai?aaeaiea ?acaeoey nia?aiaiiuo NOS – ia?aiin au/eneeoaeueiuo
iia?aoeee ia ?aai/ea noaioeee, nicaeaiea nenoai n ?ani?aaeaeaiiie
ia?aaioeie aeaiiuo. Yoi a ia?aoth i/a?aaeue naycaii n ?inoii
au/eneeoaeueiuo aiciiaeiinoae ia?niiaeueiuo eiiiuethoa?ia e ana aieaa
aeoeaiui aiaae?aieai iiuiuo iiiaicaaea/iuo iia?aoeeiiiuo nenoai: OS/2,
Windows NO, Windows 95. E?iia yoiai aiaae?aiea iauaeoii-i?eaioe?iaaiiuo
oaoiieiaee (ILA, DNA, IDAPI) iicaieyao oi?inoeoue i?aaiecaoeeth
?ani?aaeaeaiiie ia?aaioee aeaiiuo. A oaeie neooaoeee iniiaiie caaea/ae
NOS noaiiaeony iauaaeeiaiea ia?aaiioeaiiuo iia?aoeeiiiuo nenoai ?aai/eo
noaioeee e iaania/aiea o?ainii?oiiai o?iaiy aeey oe?ieiai e?oaa caaea/:
ia?aaioea aac aeaiiuo, ia?aaea/a niiauaiee, oi?aaeaiea ?ani?aaeaeaiiuie
?ano?naie naoe (directoao/nama service).
A nia?aiaiiuo NOS i?eiaiytho o?e iniiaiuo iiaeoiaea e i?aaiecaoeee
oi?aaeaiey ?ano?naie naoe.
Ia?aue – yoi Oaaeeoeu Iauaeoia (Bindery). Eniieuecoaony a naoaauo
iia?aoeeiiiuo nenoaiao NetWare 28a e NetWare v3.1o. Oaeay oaaeeoea
iaoiaeeony ia eaaeaeii oaeeiaii na?aa?a naoe. Iia niaea?aeeo
eioi?iaoeeth i iieueciaaoaeyo, a?oiiao, eo i?aaao aeinooia e ?ano?nai
naoe (aeaiiui, na?aeniui oneoaai e o.i.). Oaeay i?aaiecaoeey ?aaiou
oaeiaia, anee a naoe oieueei iaeei na?aa?. A yoii neo/aa o?aaoaony
ii?aaeaeeoue e eiio?iee?iaaoue oieueei iaeio eioi?iaoeeiiioth aaco. I?e
?anoe?aiee naoe, aeiaaaeaiee iiauo na?aa?ia iauai caaea/ ii oi?aaeaieth
?ano?naie naoe ?acei aic?anoaao. Aaeieieno?aoi? nenoaiu auioaeaeai ia
eaaeaeii na?aa?a naoe ii?aaeaeyoue e eiio?iee?iaaoue ?aaioo
iieueciaaoaeae. Aaiiaiou naoe, a naith i/a?aaeue, aeieaeiu oi/ii ciaoue,
aaea ?aniieiaeaiu oa eee eiua ?ano?nu naoe, a aeey iieo/aiey aeinooia e
yoei ?ano?nai – ?aaeno?e?iaaoueny ia aua?aiiii na?aa?a. Eiia/ii, aeey
eioi?iaoeeiiiuo nenoai, ninoiyueo ec aieueoiai eiee/anoaa na?aa?ia,
oaeay i?aaiecaoeey ?aaiou ia iiaeoiaeeo.
Aoi?ie iiaeoiae eniieuecoaony a LAN Server e LAN Manager – No?oeoo?a
Aeiiaiia (Domain). Ana ?ano?nu naoe e iieueciaaoaee iauaaeeiaiu a
a?oiiu. Aeiiai iiaeii ?anniao?eaaoue eae aiaeia oaaeeoe iauaeoia
(bindery), oieueei caeanue oaeay oaaeeoea yaeyaony iauae aeey
ianeieueeeo na?aa?ia, i?e yoii ?ano?nu na?aa?ia yaeythony iaueie aeey
anaai aeiiaia. Iiyoiio iieueciaaoaeth aeey oiai /oiau iieo/eoue aeinooi
e naoe, aeinoaoi/ii iiaeeeth/eoueny e aeiiaio (ca?aaeno?e?iaaoueny),
iinea yoiai aio noaiiayony aeinooiiu ana ?ano?nu aeiiaia, ?ano?nu anao
na?aa?ia e ono?ienoa, aoiaeyueo a ninoaa aeiiaia. Iaeiaei e n
eniieueciaaieai yoiai iiaeoiaea oaeaea aicieeatho i?iaeaiu i?e
iino?iaiee eioi?iaoeeiiiie nenoaiu n aieueoei eiee/anoaii
iieueciaaoaeae, na?aa?ia e, niioaaonoaaiii, aeiiaiia. Iai?eia?, naoe
aeey i?aaei?eyoey eee aieueoie ?acaaoaeaiiie i?aaiecaoeee. Caeanue yoe
i?iaeaiu oaea naycaiu n i?aaiecaoeeae acaeiiaeaenoaey e oi?aaeaiey
ianeieueeeie aeiiaiaie, oioy ii niaea?aeaieth iie oaeea aea, eae e a
ia?aii neo/aa.
O?aoee iiaeoiae – Neoaeaa Iaeiaiiaaiee Aee?aeoi?ee eee Eaoaeiaia
(Directory Name Services – DNS) eeoai yoeo iaaeinoaoeia. Ana ?ano?nu
naoe: naoaaay ia/aoue, o?aiaiea aeaiiuo, iieueciaaoaee, na?aa?u e o.i.
?anniao?eaathony eae ioaeaeueiua aaoae eee aee?aeoi?ee eioi?iaoeeiiiie
nenoaiu. Oaaeeoeu, ii?aaeaeythuea DNS, iaoiaeyony ia eaaeaeii na?aa?a.
Yoi, ai-ia?auo, iiauoaao iaaeaaeiinoue e aeeao/anoue nenoaiu, a
ai-aoi?uo, oi?iuaao ia?auaiea iieueciaaoaey e ?ano?nai naoe.
Ca?aaeno?e?iaaaoenue ia iaeiii na?aa?a, iieueciaaoaeth noaiiayony
aeinooiiu ana ?ano?nu naoe. Oi?aaeaiea oaeie nenoaiie oaeaea i?iua, /ai
i?e eniieueciaaiee aeiiaiia, oae eae caeanue nouanoaoao iaeia oaaeeoea,
ii?aaeaeythuay ana ?ano?nu naoe, a oi a?aiy eae i?e aeiiaiiie
i?aaiecaoeee iaiaoiaeeii ii?aaeaeyoue ?ano?nu, iieueciaaoaeae, eo i?aaa
aeinooia aeey eaaeaeiai aeiiaia ioaeaeueii.
A ianoiyuaa a?aiy ii ioeaiea eiiiaiee IDC iaeaieaa ?ani?ino?aiaiiuie
yaeythony neaaeothuea naoaaua iia?aoeeiiiua nenoaiu:
NetWare v2.o e vC.o, Novell Inc. 65 %
LAN Server, IAI Nia?. 14 %
LAN Manager, Microsoft Corp. 3 %
UNIX 5 %
Windows NT Advanced Server 10 %
Oeaeueth aeaiiie ?aaiou yaeyaony ?anniio?aiea aiciiaeiinoae
auoaia?a/eneaiiuo NOS e iino?iaiea iioeiaeueiiai eioaa?e?iaaiiiai
naoaaiai ?aoaiey ia iniiaa yoeo nenoai aeey aoca.
Ia oaeouai yoaia ?acaeoey aoca neiaeeeanue neooaoeey eiaaea :
A aoca eiaaony aieueoia eiee/anoai eiiiuethoa?ia ?aaioathueo ioaeaeueii
io anao inoaeueiuo eiiiuethoa?ia e ia eiathueo aiciiaeiinoue aeaei
iaiaieaaoueny n ae?oaeie eiiiuethoa?aie eioi?iaoeeae.
Iaaiciiaeii nicaeaiea iauaaeinooiiie aacu aeaiiuo, iaeiieaiea
eioi?iaoeee i?e nouanoaothueo iauaiao e ?acee/iuo iaoiaeao ia?aaioee e
o?aiaiey eioi?iaoeee.
Nouanoaothuea EAN iauaaeeiytho a naaa iaaieueoia eiee/anoai
eiiiuethoa?ia e ?aaioatho oieueei iaae eiie?aoiuie e oceeie caaea/aie.
Iaeiieaiiia i?ia?aiiiia e eioi?iaoeeiiiia iaania/aiea ia eniieuecoaony a
iieiii iauaia e ia eiaao iauaai noaiaea?oa o?aiaiey.
I?e eiathuaeny aiciiaeiinoe iiaeeeth/aiey e aeiaaeueiui au/eneeoaeueiui
naoyi oeia Internet iaiaoiaeeii inouanoaeoue iiaeeeth/aiea e
eioi?iaoeeiiiiio eaiaeo ia iaeiie a?oiiu iieueciaaoaeae, a anao
iieueciaaoaeae n iiiiuueth iauaaeeiaiey a a?oiiu.
Aeey ?aoaiey aeaiiie i?iaeaiu i?aaeeiaeaii nicaeaoue aaeeioth
eioi?iaoeeiiioth naoue (AEN) aoca. AEN aoca aeieaeia auiieiyoue
neaaeothuea ooieoeee:
Nicaeaiea aaeeiiai eioi?iaoeeiiiiai i?ino?ainoaa eioi?ia niiniaii
ioaaoeoue e i?eiaiyoue aeey anao iieueciaaoaeae eioi?iaoeeth nicaeaiioth
a ?aciia a?aiy e iiae ?aciuie oeiaie o?aiaiey e ia?aaioee aeaiiuo,
?ania?aeeaeeaaiea e eiio?ieue auiieiaiey ?aaio e ia?aaioee aeaiiuo ii
iei.
Iiauoaiea aeinoiaa?iinoe eioi?iaoeee e iaaeaaeiinoe aa o?aiaiey iooai
nicaeaiey onoie/eaie e naiyi e iioa?e eioi?iaoeee au/eneeoaeueiie
nenoaiu, a oae aea nicaeaiea a?oeaia aeaiiuo eioi?ua iiaeii
eniieueciaaoue, ii ia oaeouee iiiaio iaiaoiaeeiinoe a ieo iao.
Iaania/aiey yooaeoeaiie nenoaiu iaeiieaiey, o?aiaiey e iienea
oaoiieiae/aneie, oaoieei-yeiiiie/aneie e oeiainiai-yeiiiie/aneie
eioi?iaoeee ii oaeouae ?aaioa e i?iaeaeaiiie iaeioi?ia a?aiy iacaae (
eioi?iaoeey a?oeaa) n iiiiuueth nicaeaiey aeiaaeueiie aacu aeaiiuo.
Ia?aaioea aeieoiaioia e iino?iaiey ia aaca yoiai aeaenoaothuae nenoaiu
aiaeeca, i?iaiice?iaaiey e ioeaiee ianoaiiaee n oeaeueth i?eiyoey
iioeiaeueiiai ?aoaiey e au?aaioee aeiaaeueiuo io/aoia.
Iaania/eaaoue i?ic?a/iue aeinooi e eioi?iaoeee aaoi?eciaaiiiio
iieueciaaoaeth a niioaaonoaee n aai i?aaaie e i?eaeeaaeyie.
A aeaiiie ?aaioa ia i?aeoeea ?anniio?aii ?aoaiea 1-ai ioieoa – Nicaeaiea
aaeeiiai eioi?iaoeeiiiiai i?ino?ainoaa – iooai ?anniio?aiey e auai?a
eo/oaai ec nouanoaothueo niiniaia eee eo eiiaeiaoeee.
Aeaaa 1.
Aiaeec aiciiaeiinoae IN NetWare oe?iu Novell
Naoaaay IN NetWare ia naaiaeiyoiee aeaiue yaeyaony iaeaieaa iiioey?iie
naoaaie IN. Aieaa iieiaeiu anao EAN a ie?a eniieuecotho ?acee/iua aa?nee
IN NetWare. Iieueciaaoaeyi iia i?aaeony aeaaiaea?y naiae oi?ioae
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe, niiniaiinoe ?aaioaoue n ?aciiia?aciuie aiia?aoiuie
n?aaenoaaie e i?aaeinoaaeaieth en/a?iuaathuaai iaai?a n?aaenoa caueou
aeaiiuo.
Oe?ia Novell i?aaeeaaaao ?acee/iua naoaaua i?ia?aiiiua i?iaeoeou.
Aeaaiuie n?aaee ieo yaeythony o?e naoaaua IN ia aaca oaeeiauo na?aa?ia,
iienuaaaiua a aeaiiie aeaaa – aa?ney 4.0 aeey i?aaei?eyoee, aa?ney 3.12
n oeo/oaiiuie oa?aeoa?enoeeaie e aa?ney 2.2 aeey iiae/eia. Oe?ia Novell
oaeaea i?iaeaao iaeii?aiaiaua naoaaua IN Personal NetWare e NetWare
Lite, i?aaeiacia/aiiua aeey i?aaiecaoeee EAN a iaaieueoeo ?aai/eo
a?oiiao.
E?iia naoaauo IN, oe?ia Novell oaeaea i?aaeeaaaao ae?oaea i?ia?aiiiua
i?iaeoeou, i?eaioe?iaaiiua ia i?eiaiaiea a eiiiuethoa?iuo naoyo. Oae,
eiiioieeaoeeiiiay i?ia?aiia 3270 oe?iu Novell iicaieyao i?aaieciaaoue
3270 naainia yioeyoeee oa?ieiaeia aieueoie YAI ?aai/eie noaioeeyie.
Eiiieaen Access Server yaeyaony iaai?ii eiiioieeaoeeiiiuo aiia?aoiuo e
i?ia?aiiiuo n?aaenoa, i?aaeinoaaeythueo aiciiaeiinoue ianeieueeei oaea
eaiiui ?aai/ei noaioeeyi iieo/aoue aeinooi e oaeeiaiio na?aa?o /a?ac
oaeaoiiioth naoue. Aiia?aoii-i?ia?aiiiue eiiieaen, iacuaaaiue
LANa-lyzer, yaeyaony eino?oiaioii aeey aeeaaiinoeee iaeioi?uo naoaauo
i?iaeai.
Oe?ia Novell noaea ia?aui i?iecaiaeeoaeai ?ani?aaeaeaiiuo nenoai
ia?aaioee aeaiiuo, aeiioneathueo niaianoiia eniieueciaaiea a EAN
?acii?iaeiuo eiiiuethoa?ia, Iia oaeaea auea ia?aie oe?iie, aeiioneathuae
?aaioo n eiiiuethoa?iuie naoyie, eiathueie ?acee/iua oiiieiaee, e
i?aaeinoaaeythuae n?aaenoaa aeey ia?o?ooecaoeee aeaiiuo iaaeaeo oaeeie
naoyie, Oe?ia Novell auea ia?aie, nicaeaaoae naoaaua IN aeey OS/2 e anao
aa?nee DOS, e i?aaeinoaaeythuae n?aaenoaa aeey niaaeeiaiey
eiiiuethoa?ia, niaianoeiuo n IBM, Apple, UNIX, DEC e iiiaeo ae?oaeo
oeiia.
NetWare aeiioneaao eniieueciaaiea aieaa, /ai 200 oeiia naoaauo
aaeaioa?ia, aieaa /ai 100 oeiia aeeneiauo iiaenenoai aeey o?aiaiey
aeaiiuo, ono?ienoa aeoaee?iaaiey aeaiiuo e oaeeiauo na?aa?ia. Iia
niaea?aeeo na?oeoeeaoeeiiioth eaai?aoi?eth aeey eniuoaiee naiae
i?iaeoeoeee i?e ?aaioa n aiia?aoiuie e i?ia?aiiiuie eiiiiiaioaie io
ae?oaeo i?iecaiaeeoaeae. A iaeiie ec naieo eaai?aoi?ee oe?ia Novell
eiaao 1368 ?aai/eo noaioeee ia aaca IE aeey oanoe?iaaiey nianoaaiiiai
i?ia?aiiiiai iaania/aiey.
Oe?ia Novell eiaao eiio?aeou i iiaeaea?aeea IN NetWare n iaeaieaa
e?oiiuie e iiuiuie ec iacaaeneiuo i?aaiecaoeee, caieiathueony
ianeoaeeaaieai EAN. A eo /enei aoiaeyo Bell Atlantic, DEC,
Hewlett-Packard, Intel, Prime, Unisys e Xerox. Iniiaiuie nenoaiiuie
eioaa?aoi?aie e ?ani?ino?aieoaeyie i?iaeoeoeee oe?iu Novell yaeythony:
Electronic Data Systems (EDS), Boeing Computer Services, NYNEX Business
Centers e Sears Business Centers. Aeaaea aeaaioneay oe?ia IBM n 1990
aiaea noaea ia?ai?iaeaaaoue naoaaua IN NetWare.
Oe?ia Novell i?ioea o?oaeiue iooue e aa?oeiai naoaaie oaoiieiaee.
Eiaaea-oi iia caieiaeanue i?iecaiaenoaii oaeeiauo na?aa?ia e naoaauo
aaeaioa?ia. Iaeiaei a ianoiyuaa a?aiy iia i?ae?aoeea i?iecaiaenoai
aiia?aoiuo n?aaenoa, nin?aaeioi/ea naie oneeey ia i?iecaiaenoaa
i?ia?aiiiiai iaania/aiey aeey eiiiuethoa?iuo naoae.
Ecia/aeueii Novell ?ac?aaioaea NetWare eae iia?aoeeiiioth nenoaio aeey
naoaaie ieaou Novel S-Net. Novel S-Net – yoi naoue n oiiieiaeae oeia
“caacaea” e auaeaeaiiui na?aa?ii ia MC68000. Ei a?aiaie nicaeaiey yoie
naoe aeey i?ioeanni?ia MC68000 ia auei iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu,
yaeythuaeny aeey ieo noaiaea?oii “aea-oaeoi”, iiyoiio Novell ?ac?aaioaea
iieiinoueth naith IN, i?eaioe?iaaiioth ia naoaaua i?eeiaeaiey.
N ia/aeii aoia eiiiuethoa?ia PC ?ac?aaio/eee NetWare ?aoeee, /oi
iaienaiioth ia N NetWare aoaeao ianeiaeii ia?aianoe ia iee?ii?ioeanni?u
naiaenoaa Intel e naeaeaoue oae, /oiau naoaaay IN iiaeaea?aeeaaea
i?aeoe/anee ethaia naoaaia iai?oaeiaaiea, i?aaenoaaeaiiia ia ?uiea. Aeey
iaiin?aaenoaaiiiai acaeiiaeaenoaey n IBM-iai?oaeiaaieai auee ?aaeeciaaiu
niioaaonoaothuea ae?aeaa?u. A nayce n oai, /oi ROM BIOS a naiaenoaa
iaoei IBM PC aue ?ac?aaioai aeey iaeiiiieueciaaoaeueneie DOS, iauay
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue nenoaiu iaaeaea i?e iiiuoea eniieueciaaoue aai a
iiiaiiieueciaaoaeueneeo i?eeiaeaieyo. NetWare – iiiaiiieueciaaoaeueneay
nenoaia, iiyoiio i?ia?aiienou a Novel ?aoeee iaieoe ROM BIOS e iauaoueny
iaiin?aaenoaaiii n iai?oaeiaaieai, oi iiauoaao i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue
(iicaieyao NetWare ia?aaaouaaoue cai?inu io ae?oaeo ?aai/eo noaioeee,
iaeeaeay caaa?oaiey cai?ina aaiaea/auaiaea ia aeene).
Aaeeinoaaiiui iaaeinoaoeii i?eiaiaiiiai a NetWare iiaeoiaea yaeyaony
iaaiciiaeiinoue eniieueciaaoue DOS-ae?aeaa?u aeey oi?aaeaiey
aeeneiaiaeaie. Aeey NetWare iaiaoiaeeiu nianoaaiiua ae?aeaa?u aeeneiauo
ono?ienoa. Aeey iiiaeo iinoaaeyaiuo aeeneiauo iaeiieoaeae, niaianoeiuo n
IBM PC, i?iecaiaeeoaee i?aaeinoaaeytho e ae?aeaa?u aeey NetWare. Oe?ia
Novell oaeaea iinoaaeyao ae?aeaa?u aeey oe?ieie aaiiu ono?ienoa oaeiai
oeia.
I?aeiouanoaa aeaiiie naoaaie IN – aunieay i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue e
i?iioneiay niiniaiinoue naoe – iiaeoaa?aeaeathony e ianoii ia ?uiea
aiaeiae/iuo i?iaeoeoia, caieiaaiui NetWare. Eioa?oaenu i?aaeinoaaeyaiua
iieueciaaoaeth NetWare ia eiatho ie/aai iauaai n DOS eee ROM BIOS, ii
iie iaania/eaatho i/aiue yooaeoeaiia eniieueciaaiea ?ano?nia IBM PC.
Yoio iiaeoiae iicaieee Novell iiauneoue noaiaiue caueou e eni?aaeaiey
ioeaie (fault tolerance), /oi auei iaaiciiaeii ?aaeeciaaoue a ?aieao
oaeeiaie nenoaiu DOS.
A ianoiyuaa a?aiy nauoa 300000 eiiiuethoa?ia ?aaioatho iiae oi?aaeaieai
NetWare. NetWare auea ?ac?aaioaia niaoeeaeueii aeey auiieiaiey ooieoeee
oaeeiaiai na?aa?a, iiyoiio no?oeoo?a oaeeia e oa?aeoa? ?aaiou ia
aace?othony ia iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaia ?aai/eo noaioeee, eae yoi eiaao
ianoi a MS-Net.
I?ia?aiiiia iaania/aiea NetWare iioeiece?iaaii aeey oi?aaeaiey,
niaianoiiai eniieueciaaiey, i?aia?aciaaiey e neio?iiecaoeee aeaiiuo a
naoaaie n?aaea. Ioe?uoay a?oeoaeoo?a naiaenoaa i?ia?aiiiuo i?iaeoeoia
Novell NetWare iaania/eaaao i?ic?a/iia) oi?aaeyaiia niaianoiia
eniieueciaaiea aeaiiuo eiiiuethoa?aie ?acee/iuo oeiia.
1.1 Iaci? a?oeoaeoo?u
Oe?ia Novel enoiaeeea ec oiai, /oi oeie/iia nia?aiaiiia i?aaei?eyoea
eniieuecoao oeaio?aeueiua YAI, iniiaaiiua ia iia?aoeeiiiuo nenoaiao VMS
oe?iu DEC, VM e MVS oe?iu IBM, UNIX-nenoaiu, a oaeaea na?aa?u, iiaeiaiua
NetWare. ?aai/ea noaioeee iiaoo eniieueciaaoue iia?aoeeiiiua nenoaiu
DOS, Windows, OS/2, Macintosh e UNIX. Naoaaua au/eneaiey iaania/eaatho
eioaa?aoeeth oeaio?aeueiuo e ia?niiaeueiuo nenoai a aaeeioth eiae/aneoth
naoue. Eioaa?aoeey nenoai ?aai/eo o?oii iieueciaaoaeae n nenoaiaie ia
iniiaa a?oeoaeoo? ieie e aieueoeo YAI iicaieyao nio?aieoue eaieoaeueiua
aeiaeaiey a yoe nenoaiu e naeaeaoue eo ?ano?nu aeiaiiuie anai
iieueciaaoaeyi naoe.
Eioaa?e?iaaiiay au/eneeoaeueiay a?oeoaeoo?a Novel – NICA (Novel
Integrated Computing Architecture) ii?aaeaeyao iino?iaiea anao
i?iaeoeoia Novell. NICA io?aaeaao iiaeoiae Novel e i?aaeinoaaeaieth
naoaauo ooieoeee aeey eioaa?aoeee i?eeeaaeiuo i?ia?aii a ?ani?aaeaeaiiie
iaiaeii?iaeiie n?aaea. A?oeoaeoo?a, eniieuecoaiay Novel aeey nicaeaiey
?ani?aaeaeaiiuo naoaauo ooieoeee, iicaieyao iauaaeeiyoue i?iaeoeou e
i?eeeaaeiua i?ia?aiiu ?acee/iuo iinoaaueeia a neiaeioth naoaaoth
au/eneeoaeueioth nenoaio. NICA i?eciaao nouanoaiaaiea e o/eouaaao
iniaaiiinoe ae?oaeo a?oeoaeoo?, ii?aaeaeaiiuo aeey ?ani?aaeaeaiey
i?eeeaaeiuo i?ia?aii ii naoyi, oaeeo eae SAA (System Application
Architecture) oe?iu IBM, NAS (Network Application System oe?iu) DEC,
NewWave Office oe?iu Hewlett-Packard. NICA yaeyaony iieaciui
aeiiieiaieai yoeo i?eeeaaeiuo i?ia?aii, ?aaecoy naoaaua ooieoeee,
iicaieythuea i?eeeaaeiui i?ia?aiiai oaeeo iinoaaueeia eae IBM, DEC e HP
aani?aiyonoaaiii auiieiyoueny a ?ani?aaeaeaiiie n?aaea.
NICA – yoi ioe?uoay a?oeoaeoo?a, niiniaiay iaeiia?aiaiii
iiaeaea?aeeaaoue ?acee/iua noaiaea?oiua i?ioieieu, Iiieii iiaeaea?aeee
?acee/iuo i?ioieieia, NICA iiaeaea?aeeaaao oaeaea niaeiua oaeeiaua
noaiaea?ou, /oi iicaieyao i?eeeaaeiui i?ia?aiiai eeeaioia iaeiia?aiaiii
eniieueciaaoue iaeei iauee oaee, a ia ?acaeaaoue aeene ia ianeieueei
iaaeeiuo ?acaeaeia.
Niaoeeaeece?iaaiiay naoaaay IN NetWare niaea?aeeo na?aeniua ooieoeee
(neoaeau) aeey auiieiaiey i?eeeaaeiuo i?ia?aii o eeeaioia, a oaeaea
ooieoeee (neoaeau) auiieiaiey i?eeeaaeiuo i?ia?aii ia na?aa?ao, Naoaaua
neoaeau, ii?aaeaeaiiua a a?oeoaeoo?a NICA, iiaoo auiieiyoueny eae
iaeiei i?ioeanni?ii naoe NetWare, oae e auoue ?ani?aaeaeaiiuie ii
eieaeueiie (?aaeiiaeueiie) naoe. Eaaeaeay ec yoeo neoaea iiaeao
eniieueciaaoueny ae?oaeie neoaeaaie eee i?eeeaaeiuie i?ia?aiiaie.
NICA iaania/eaaao ?ani?aaeaeaiiua i?eeeaaeiua i?ia?aiiu ooieoeeyie
iiaeaea?aeee oeaeinoiinoe aeaiiuo, iai?eia?, n?aaenoaaie ca?eaeueiiai
ioia?aaeaiey aeeneia (ie??i?eia).
1.2 Oaeeiaay nenoaia NetWare
A naoaaie n?aaea no?oeoo?a oaeeiaie nenoaiu IN na?aa?a aeieaeia auoue
iioeiece?iaaia, ianeieueei yoi aiciiaeii, aeey iiauoaiey nei?inoe
aeeneiaiai aaiaea/auaiaea. E?iia oiai, neiaeiinoue oaeeiaie nenoaiu
ii?aaeaeyao, eaeea aeiiieieoaeueiua ooieoeeiiaeueiua aiciiaeiinoe iiaoo
auoue aeiaaaeaiu a naoaaoth IN.
Novell NetWare eniieuecoao naith oaeeiaoth nenoaio, niaoeeaeueii
?ac?aaioaiioth oe?iie Novell aeey naoaaie IN. A ioee/ea io PC LAN
Program, iia ia aace?oaony ia iaeiiiieueciaaoaeueneie IN. A ioee/ea io
3+, iia ia eniieuecoao no?oeoo?o oaeeia DOS. E, iaeiiaoe, a ioee/ea io
VINES, iia ia eniieuecoao a?iiicaeeoth no?oeoo?o oaeeiaie nenoaiu UNIX.
Yoi iicaieeei Novell iineaaeiaaoaeueii iioeiece?iaaoue e oeo/oeoue
no?oeoo?o oaeeiaie nenoaiu NetWare aeey iiauoaiey i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe e
ooieoeeiiaeueiuo aiciiaeiinoae. N?aaenoaa ioeacionoie/eainoe NetWare
noaee aiciiaeiuie oieueei aeaaiaea?y iioeiece?iaaiiie no?oeoo?a
oaeeiaie nenoaiu NetWare.
Ia?aae nicaeaieai oaeeiaie no?oeoo?u aeey oaeeiaiai na?aa?a NetWare,
Novell i?iaiaeece?iaaea nouanoaiaaaoea no?oeoo?u oaeeiauo nenoai. I/aiue
aieiaoaeueii auee ?anniio?aiu “ieineea” no?oeoo?u eaoaeiaia a
iia?aoeeiiiuo nenoaiao N?/I- 80, N?/I-86 e MS-DOS 1.0, oae eae yoi auee
iioaioeeaeueiua IN aeey ?aai/eo noaioeee, eniieuecoaiuo aeey nayce n
oaee-na?aa?ii. Oaeaea auea i?iaiaeece?iaaia iioieiaay ea?a?oe/aneay
no?oeoo?a eaoaeiaia e oaeeia IN UNIX e MS-DOS 2.1. ?anniao?eaaeenue e
ae?oaea aa?eaiou.
I?inoua no?oeoo?u nenoai n “ieineeie” eaoaeiaaie auee nicaeaiu ia aeey
?aaiou n aieueoeie aeeneaie, e?iia oiai, i?e aieueoie iaa?ocea
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue caiaoii iaaeaao. Iiene ioaeiiai oaeea anaaaea
naiaeeony e iineaaeiaaoaeueiiio i?iniio?o anaai oece/aneiai i?ino?ainoaa
eaoaeiaa.
Ianiio?y ia oi, /oi ieineea no?oeoo?u iaania/eaatho iaaunieoth nei?inoue
iienea, iie eiatho i?aeiouanoaa a i?yiuo iaoiaeao oi?aaeaiey aeeneaie e
i?inouo n?aaenoaao ainnoaiiaeaiey eioi?iaoeee i?e naiyo ia aeenea.
No?oeoo?u eaoaeiaia UNIX e MS-DOS 2.0 eo/oa i?eniiniaeaiu aeey
ea?a?oe/aneie i?aaiecaoeee e iienea, ii iie aua iaiaa iioeiaeueiu, A
yoeo oaeeiauo nenoaiao iiaeeaoaeiae ?aaeecothony eae oaeeu
(niaoeeaeueiiai oeia) a eaoaeiaa. Oaeeiaie nenoaia aeey ea?a?oe/aneiai
iienea oaeea ii eaoaeiaai iaiaoiaeeii auiieieoue ianeieueei iia?aoeee
ioe?uoey oaeeia (oeia “iiaeeaoaeia”) e ianeieueei iia?aoeee /oaiey n
aeenea, /oi nieaeaao i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue. Ia eaaeaeii o?iaia a
eaoaeiaa iaiaoiaeeii auiieieoue iia?aoeeth iienea a iai eioi?iaoeee i
oaeea-iiaeeaoaeiaa.
Yoe ea?a?oe/aneea no?oeoo?u eaoaeiaia aieaa /oanoaeoaeueiu e naiyi ia
aeenea, /ai “ieineea”. Iaeia aeeneiaay ioeaea a oaee-eaoaeiaa iiaeao
naeaeaoue iaaeinooiiuie ana oaeeu e eaoaeiae a niioaaonoaothuai
iiaeaea?aaa. Ainnoaiiaeaiea eaoaeiaia oaeaea cia/eoaeueii oneiaeiyaony
ii n?aaiaieth n i?inoie “ieineie” no?oeoo?ie.
I?e ?ac?aaioea oaeeiaie nenoaiu NetWare Novell ?aoeea iauaaeeieoue
aeinoieinoaa iaieo iiaeoiaeia; “ieineiai” e ea?a?oe/aneiai. A NetWare
oece/aneay no?oeoo?a iaeaaeaiey oiia – ieineay. Eniieueciaaiea ieineie
no?oeoo?u aeaao ianeieueei aaaeiuo i?aeiouanoa. A nayce n oai, /oi
iaeaoaiea ieineia e eiaao ii?aaeaeaiiue ?acia?, oi aiciiaeii caa?oceoue
ana iaeaaeaiea naoaaiai oiia a iia?aoeaioth iaiyoue oaee-na?aa?a, e ana
iienee ii iaeaoaieth iiaoo auoue inouanoaeaiu aac ia?auaiee e aeeneo.
Yoi nouanoaaiii iiauoaao i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue nenoaiu i?e iieneao ii
iaeaaeaieth. Anee iaeei aeie iaeaaeaiey oa?yaony, oi oaee-na?aa? iiaeao
eniieueciaaoue aai aeoaeeeao aeey i?iaeieaeaiey ?aaiou. Yoei iiauoaaony
iaaeaaeiinoue. Aiciiaeiinoue yooaeoeaiiai i?aiaeieaiey naiaa ia aeenea
i/aiue aaaeia a ?ani?aaeaeaiiuo nenoaiao.
Oioy oece/anee iaeaaeaiea oiia a NetWare – ieineia, eiae/aneay no?oeoo?a
eaoaeiaia -ea?a?oe/aneay. Eiae/aneay ea?a?oey ia?acoaony ca n/ao
eniieueciaaiey niaoeeaeueiuo iauaeoia oeia “eaoaeia” aioo?e ieineie
no?oeoo?u iaeaaeaiey oaeeia.
No?oeoo?a eaoaeiaia eiaao ianeieueei oa?aeoa?iuo /a?o. Nicaeaiea iiaiai
oaeea eee iiaeeaoaeiaa i?ienoiaeeo i/aiue i?inoi, iioiio /oi aeey oaeiai
iauaeoa eniieuecoaony ia?aay naiaiaeiay iaeanoue iaeaaeaiey. Ia?o?ooiue
iiene ii oaeie no?oeoo?a eaoaeiaia oaeaea i?ino e ia o?aaoao iiiaeo
cai?inia ia ioe?uoea oaeeia, eae yoi eiaao ianoi a oaeeiaie nenoaia DOS.
A ieineie no?oeoo?a iaeaaeaiey NetWare iioa?y /anoe eioi?iaoeee i
no?oeoo?a eaoaeiaia ia i?eaaaeao e iioa?a aeinooia e iiaeeaoaeiaai e
oaeeai a niioaaonoaothuai iiaeaea?aaa. A NetWare eniieuecoaony i?inoie
aeai?eoi ca?eaeueiiai eiie?iaaiey n i?iaa?eie ii i?eioeeio iiaoi?iiai
/oaiey eioi?iaoeee iinea caiene aeey iiaeaea?aeee aeaoo eiiee iaeaaeaiey
oiia. A neo/aa iioa?e eioi?iaoeee i eaoaeiaa aa?aony niioaaonoaothuay
eioi?iaoeey ec ae?oaie eiiee.
I?e iia?aaeaeaiee eioi?iaoeee i eaoaeiaa a iaaeo eiieyo iaeaaeaiey, aeey
eaaeaeiai oaeea iiaeii i?iaa?eoue iaee/ea ia?o?ooiiai iooe io ei?iaaiai
eaoaeiaa aei oaeea. Anee oaeiai iooe iao, oi ioia/aaony oa oi/ea, aaea
iaia?oaeaia ioeaea, e aea?aai oaeeia “?aiiioe?oaony” onoaiiaeaieai
aianoi ?ac?ooaiiie nayce – nayce n ei?iaaui eaoaeiaii.
Oyoe?iaaiea iaeaaeaiey
Aeey aunieii?iecaiaeeoaeueiie oaeeiaie nenoaiu iaiaoiaeeii, /oiau
iaoaieci iienea o?aaoaiiai eaoaeiaa aue au iaeneiaeueii yooaeoeaai.
Nouanoaoao aeaa iniiaiuo niiniaa iienea o?aaoaiiai eaoaeiaa. A ia?aii
neo/aa iiene inouanoaeyaony ia iniiaa iieiinoueth e iaeiicia/ii
caaeaiiiai ia?o?ooiiai eiaie. Ai aoi?ii neo/aa iiene inouanoaeyaony aeey
iauaeoa a ecaanoiii iiaeeaoaeiaa n iiiiuueth oeacaiey oieueei /anoe
eneiiiai eiaie, oi/iaa oaaeiia eneiiiai eiaie. Oaeie iiaeoiae iacuaatho
“wildcard” – iiene.
I?e ethaii oeia iienea iaiaoiaeeii i?iaa?youe oieueei iaaieueoia
eiee/anoai yeaiaioia iaeaaeaiey oiia) /oiau eeai iaeoe o?aaoaiue
yeaiaio, eeai niiaueoue ia ionoonoaee oaeiai yeaiaioa. Aeey yoie oeaee
NetWare no?ieo e iiaeaea?aeeaaao a iia?aoeaiie iaiyoe 2 oaaeeoeu aeey
eaaeaeiai iaeaaeaiey oiia.
Ia?aay oaaeeoea – yoi oyo-oaaeeoea, a eioi?ie iaoaiaoe/anee
na?oiie?iaaiu eiaia oaeeia e eaoaeiaia. Aeaaiaea?y yoie oaaeeoea iiene
iaiaoiaeeiiai yeaiaioa inouanoaeyaony cia/eoaeueii auno?aa, /ai i?e
iau/iii iineaaeiaaoaeueiii iiaeoiaea.
Ai aoi?ie oaaeeoea, iiaeaea?aeeaaaiie NetWare, ana yeaiaiou iaeaaeaiey,
eiathuea iaeei e oio aea iiaeeaoaeia, naycaiu iaaeaeo niaie aeey
iaania/aiey aiciiaeiinoe “wildcard” – iienea. Iaee/ea yoie oaaeeoeu
aeaao nouanoaaiiue auea?uo a?aiaie i?e iienea iaiaoiaeeiiai yeaiaioa
eaoaeiaa ii caaeaiiiio oaaeiio.
Aeai?eoi eeooa (Elevator Seeking)
Cai?inu ia /oaiea eee caienue eioi?iaoeee ia aeene – yoi iaeaieaa /anoua
cai?inu io ?aai/eo noaioeee e oaciaiio na?aa?o a EAN. Yoi anoanoaaiii,
oae eae ca/anooth e oaeeu i?ia?aii, e oaeeu aeaiiuo ?aciauathony ia
naoaaii aeenea e aeieaeiu auoue ia?aaeaiu ia ?aai/oth noaioeeth ii eo
o?aaiaaieth. Iauay i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue oaee-na?aa?a nouanoaaiii
caaeneo io oiai, ianeieueei oi?ioi na?aa? ?aaae?oao ia cai?inu ia /oaiea
oaeeia.
A NetWare nouanoaoao ioaeaeueiue i?ioeann /oaiey n aeenea) eioi?ue
ioaa/aao ca /oaiea aeaiiuo n aeanoeiai aeenea na?aa?a e iiiauaiea eo a
eyo-aooa?a. Yoio i?ioeann ni?oe?oao iinooiathuea cai?inu ia /oaiea a
ii?yaeea, iniiauaathuainy ia oaeouai iieiaeaiee aieiaie aeenea. Yoio
iiaeoiae, iacuaaaiue aeai?eoiii eeooa (“elevator seeking”), iioeiece?oao
aeaeaeaiea aieiaie aeenea e, eae ?acoeueoao, cia/eoaeueii oaaee/eaaao
yooaeoeaiinoue ?aaiou aeenea i?e cia/eoaeueiie caa?ocea.
Eyoe?iaaiea aeenea
Nouanoaothuee a NetWare ioaeaeueiue i?ioeann /oaiey eioi?iaoeee n aeenea
n/eouaaao aa aieueoeie ii?oeeyie, aianoi oiai) /oiau n/eouaaoue noieueei
eioi?iaoeee, neieueei cao?aaiaaii. Yoi eyoe?iaaiea aeenea, iii
eniieuecoaony aeey ieieiecaoeee /enea ia?auaiee e oece/aneiio aeeneo.
A nayce n oai) /oi a?aiy ia?aiauaiey aieiaie aeenea cia/eoaeueii aieueoa
a?aiaie iaiaia eioi?iaoeee aeene-iaiyoue, iiaeii aeiiieieoaeueii
iiaeiyoue i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue aeeneiaiai aaiaea/auaiaea, n/eouaay
aeaiiua, ?aniieiaeaiiua aneaae ca cao?aaiaaiiuie a i?aaeiieiaeaiee
aiciiaeiuo aoaeoueo cai?inia ia /oaiea io ?aai/ae noaioeee.
Eae eyoe?iaaiea aeenea, oae e aeai?eoi eeooa (“elevator seeking”),
cia/eoaeueii oaaee/eaatho i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue ?aaiou n aeeneii a
nenoaia NetWare.
Aeeneiaue aaiae/auaiae
A aeiiieiaiea e eyoe?iaaieth aeenea e aeai?eoio eeooa (“elevator
seeking”) oaeeiaay nenoaia NetWare eniieuecoao aaea oieueei aiciiaeii
ia?ae?uaathueeny iiaeaiae aieiaie (overlapped seeks) a i?ioeanna /oaiey
aeenea. Anee eiiiuethoa? oaee-na?aa?a NetWare eiaao ianeieueei aeeneiauo
iaeiieoaeae) oi ia?ae?uaathueeny iiaeaiae aieiaie iicaieyao
iaeiia?aiaiii ia?auaoueny e ianeieueeei aeeneai, a ia ii i/a?aaee (oi e
iaeiiio, oi e ae?oaiio). Aeaaiaea?y iacaaeneiiio oi?aaeaieth
ianeieueeeie aeeneaie, aeene ia i?inoaeaaao, iiea na?aa? /eoaao
eioi?iaoeeth n ae?oaiai aeenea.
Ioeacionoie/eainoue (Fault Tolerance)
Aeaaiaea?y iioeiece?iaaiiie aeey ?aaiou a naoe oaeeiaie no?oeoo?a,
Novell ?aaeeciaaea oeaeue ?aae i?aaeoi?aaeeoaeueiuo ia? aeey
aeinoeaeaiey iaaeaaeiinoe nenoaiu e oeaeinoiinoe aeaiiuo. A ethaie
aa?nee Novell NetWare i?eiyou neaaeothuea ia?u aeey iaania/aiey
iaaeaaeiinoe:
/oaiea eioi?iaoeee iinea eaaeaeie caiene ia aeene. Aac eneeth/aiey,
iinea eaaeaeie caiene eioi?iaoeey iiaoi?ii n/eouaaaony e naa?yaony;
aeoaee?iaaiea eaoaeiaia. Anee iaeia eiiey iia?aaeaeaaony, oi
eniieuecoaony ae?oaay;
aeoaee?iaaiea FAT. Yoi a neo/aa ii?/e FAT-a i?aaeioa?auaao iieioth
iioa?th eioi?iaoeee ia aeenea.
SFT NetWare
Novell ?acaeaaao eiioeaioeeth n?aaenoa caueou, eioi?ua iaania/eaatho
aeiiieieoaeueiua o?iaie caueou aeaiiuo a naoe. Yoe n?aaenoaa ecaanoiu,
eae SFT NetWare (System Fault Tolerant NetWare).
O?iaaiue I
O?iaaiue I SFT NetWare eiaao n?aaenoaa, eiaioaiua Hot Fix (ai?y/aa
oeene?iaaiea). Hot Fix iaania/eaaao aeeiaie/aneia iaia?oaeaiea aeaoaeoia
iiaa?oiinoe aeenea a i?ioeanna ?aaiou. Anee a i?ioeanna iia?aoeee caiene
ia aeene iaia?oaeeaaaony iia?aaeaeaiiue aeie (bad block), oi aeaiiua
caienuaathony a ae?oaia “aaciianiia” ianoi ia aeenea. Iia?aaeaeaiiue
aeie ioia/aaony eae iaeniieuecoaiue, aai ianoiiieiaeaiea ioia/aaony a
oaaeeoea iia?aaeaeaiiuo aeieia (Bad Block Table), ioia/aaony oaeaea
ianoiiieiaeaiea aeiea, caiauathuaai iia?aaeaeaiiue. Yoa i?ioeaaeo?a
inouanoaeyaony iieiinoueth aaoiiaoe/anee aac aiaoaoaeuenoaa
iieueciaaoaey,
O?iaaiue II
O?iaaiue II SFT NetWare a aeiiieiaiea e “ai?y/aio oeene?iaaieth” (Hot
Fix) aeeth/aao a naay n?aaenoaa ca?eaeueiiai aeenea (Disk Mirroring),
n?aaenoaa aeoaee?iaaiey aeenea (Disk Duplexing) e i?ioieiee?iaaiey
o?aicaeoeee (Transaction Tracking).
N?aaenoaa ca?eaeueiiai aeenea (Disk Mirroring) iicaieytho nenoaia
aeoaee?iaaoue oeaeue oece/aneee oii ia aoi?ii aeenea. Aeey ?aaiou
n?aaenoa ca?eaeueiiai aeenea ioaeii aeaa eaeaioe/iuo aeeneiaiaea. Aoi?ie
aeene yaeyaony ca?eaeueiui io?aaeaieai ia?aiai) ia iaai caienuaaaony
eioi?iaoeey iaeiia?aiaiii n ia?aui. Anee enoiaeiue aeene iia?aaeaeaaony)
oi aaoiiaoe/anee aeeth/aaony a ?aaioo aoi?ie (ca?eaeueiue) aeene, aac
aiaoaoaeuenoaa iieueciaaoaey e aac iioa?e aeaiiuo. Iia?aaeaeaiiue aeene
iiaeao auoue ioniaaeeiai e caoai io?aiiioe?iaai aac aueeth/aiey naoe.
N?aaenoaa aeoaee?iaaiey aeenea (Disk Duplexing) eniieuecotho aeaa
aeeneiaua iiaenenoaiu, aeeth/ay aeaa eiio?ieea?a, Iiyoue aoi?ie aeene
yaeyaony aeoaeeeaoii ia?aiai, ii aeoaee?oaony ia oieueei aeene, ii e
enoi/iee ieoaiey ono?ienoaa, e niaaeeieoaeueiue eaaaeue, e eiio?ieea?
ono?ienoaa oaeaea iiaoo auoue i?iaeoaee?iaaiu. Oi anoue iia?aaeaeaiea
ethaiai eiiiiiaioa a iaeiie eee ae?oaie iiaenenoaia ia i?eaaaeao e e?aoo
a ?aaioa a naoe. Aieueoaa eiee/anoai oeiia ioeacia noaiiayony
ainnoaiiaeiuie.
Oae eae nenoaia iaiaoiaeeii ienaoue ia aeaa aeenea, oi caienue caieiaao
aieueoa a?aiaie. A Novell aeiionoeii eniieueciaaiea ieaou aeeneiaiai
nii?ioeanni?a, eioi?ue oi?aaeyao caienueth ia aeenee e iicaieyao
i?iecaiaeeoue iaeiia?aiaiiia /oaiea eioi?iaoeee n aeenea, /oi aica?auaao
iauoth i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue ia oio aea o?iaaiue, /oi e aac aoi?iai
aeenea. Ii eae n ieaoie, oae e aac iaa, /oaiea a 2 ?aca auno?aa: anee
ia?aue aeene caiyo, oi cai?in ia /oaiea iai?aaeyaony ei aoi?iio aeeneo
aianoi oiai, /oiau aeiaeeaeaoueny inaiaiaeaeaiey ia?aiai.
O?iaaiue III
Ia o?aoueai o?iaia io aiciiaeiinoe naiy caueuaaony nai oaeeiaue na?aa?.
Oaeeiaue na?aa? aeoaee?oaony i?eniaaeeiaieai e iaio aoi?iai oaeeiaiai
na?aa?a n iiiiuueth niaoeeaeueiie aiia?aoo?u – aunieinei?inoiie oeiu
ia?aaea/e aeaiiuo. Aeey caueou io aiciiaeiuo ioeaie i?e ia?aaea/a
eniieuecoaony eiio?ieue ii /aoiinoe. Anee iia?aaeaeaaony ia?aue
oaee-na?aa?, iiaeeeth/aaony aoi?ie e oi?aaeyao ?aaioie naoe. Iiyoue
oaee, ia?aeeth/aiea i?ienoiaeeo aaoiiaoe/anee e iacaiaoii aeey
iieueciaaoaey naoe e i?eeeaaeiiai i?ia?aiiiiai iaania/aiey ia ?aai/eo
noaioeeyo. Iia?aaeaeaiiue na?aa? iiaeao auoue ioniaaeeiai, ii/eiai e
aiiaue iiaeniaaeeiai aac aueeth/aiey naoe. Ana aiciiaeiinoe o?iaiae I e
II aeeth/aiu a o?iaaiue III.
Nenoaia i?ioieiee?iaaiey o?aicaeoeee (Transaction Tracking System)
A SFT NetWare ia o?iaiyo II e III eniieuecoaony nenoaia i?ioieiee?iaaiey
o?aicaeoeee OI (Transaction Tracking System). Yoi n?aaenoai auei
?ac?aaioaii aeey iaania/aiey oeaeinoiinoe eioi?iaoeee a oaeeao aac
aeaiiuo a naoe. O?aicaeoeey ii?aaeaeyaony eae iaai? ec ianeieueeeo
caienae (io 1 e auoa) a oaee, eioi?ua aeieaeiu auoue auiieiaiu
iaeiia?aiaiii aeey iiaea?aeaiey oeaeinoiinoe eioi?iaoeee a aaca aeaiiuo.
Ia?niiaeueiue eiiiuethoa? iiaeao ioeeth/eoueny a ethaie iiiaio a?aiaie.
Aiciiaeai i?iaae ii ieoaieth, iieueciaaoaeue iiaeao ia aia?aiy
ia?acaa?oceoueny eee aueeth/eoue ieoaiea e o.ae. Anee iiaeiaiay ioeaea
eiaao ianoi a iiiaio iaiiaeaiey aacu aeaiiuo, oi iaiiaeaiea iiaeao auoue
i?iaaaeaii ia yoio iiiaio eeoue /anoe/ii. Anee yoi i?ienoiaeeo, oi aaca
aeaiiuo ?ac?ooaaony.
TTS i?aaeioa?auaao oaeiai ?iaea iioa?e aeaiiuo. Anee o?aicaeoeey ia
caaa?oaia, TTS aaoiiaoe/anee i?iecaaaeao ioeaoeo iacaae aei ia/aea
o?aicaeoeee, i?eaaaey aaco aeaiiuo a oi ninoiyiea) a eioi?ii iia auea
aei ia/aea o?aicaeoeee. Aaca aeaiiuo inoaaony a ei??aeoiii ninoiyiee.
Oaeea aeaenoaey inouanoaeythony oieueei anee oaee aue iauyaeai nenoaiiui
aaeieieno?aoi?ii eae o?aicaeoeeiiiue. TTS eniieuecoao aeaa iaoiaea
ii?aaeaeaiey o?aicaeoeee. Ia?aue iaoiae – “neiaeiue”. Ii o?aaoao, /oiau
II NOAAe niiauaei NetWare, eiaaea o?aicaeoeey ia/eiaaony e eiaaea
caaa?oaaony. Iaeioi?ua i?iecaiaeeoaee II NOAAe cayaeee i iiaeaea?aeea
yoiai iaoiaea.
Aoi?ie iaoiae – “i?inoie”. A yoii neo/aa n/eoaaony, /oi o?aicaeoeey
ia/eiaaony, eiaaea caienue aeiee?oaony e caaa?oaaony i?e ?acaeiee?iaea
caiene. I?inoie iaoiae aue ?ac?aaioai aeey i?ic?a/iie ?aaiou n
nouanoaothuei iiiaiiieueciaaoaeueneei II) eniieuecothuai aeiee?iaee
caienae (oece/aneea eee eiae/aneea; NetWare e/eee DOS 3.1). Yoi i/aiue
aaaeiay /a?oa, oae eae iicaieyao iiiaiiieueciaaoaeueneiio II
eniieueciaaoue n?aaenoaa TTS aac iiaeeoeeaoeee naiiai II.
Eiia/ii, aeaaea i?e eniieueciaaiee TTS aaca aeaiiuo iiaeao auoue
?ac?ooaia i?e iai?aaeeueiii ooieoeeiie?iaaiee i?eeeaaeiiai II. TTS
nicaeaia aeey caueou oeaeinoiinoe aeaiiuo i?e nenoaiiuo naiyo.
?aiaa n?aaenoaa i?ioieiee?iaaiey o?aicaeoeee auee aeinooiiu e a ae?oaeo
nenoaiao, ii iie auee aeinooiiu oieueei aeey ii?aaeaeaiiiai II aeey aac
aeaiiuo e aeey ii?aaeaeaiiiai oeia aiia?aoo?u. TTS oe?iu Novell yaeyaony
oieaa?naeueiui e ?aaioaao n ?acee/iui i?ia?aiiiui iaania/aieai e
iai?oaeiaaieai ?aai/eo noaioeee.
I?ioieiee?iaaiea a NetWare (Audit Trail)
Iiieii TTS NetWare iiaeaea?aeeaaao n?aaenoaa i?ioieiee?iaaiey Audit
Trail. Yoi n?aaenoai iiaeao auoue aeeth/aii e aueeth/aii ec i?eeeaaeiie
i?ia?aiiu, 8 i?ioieie caiinyony:
eiy iieueciaaoaey,
eiy oaeea,
a?aiy, aeaoa,
niauaiea a oaeea e aai aeeeia,
oa?aeoa? i?iaiaeeiie iia?aoeee (/oaiea/caienue),
nianoaaiii aeaiiua.
Iaee/ea oaeiai i?ioieiea iicaieyao ioeaoeoueny iacaae aei ethaiai
ninoiyiey oaeea, i?iaeaeaaoueny aia?aae ii ninoiyieyi. Nouanoaotho
ooeeeou nenoaiiiai aaeieieno?aoi?a aeey iiaeaea?aeee Audit Trail.
1.3 Caueoa aeaiiuo a IN NetWare
Any eioi?iaoeey ioena (eiiiaiee), aeeth/athuay i?ia?aiiu e aeaiiua,
o?aieony ia iaeiieoaea oaeeiaiai na?aa?a. Ia ana neoaeauea a ioena eee
eiiiaiee, iaeiaei, aeieaeiu eiaoue aeinooi ei anae yoie eioi?iaoeee.
Ii?aaeaeaiiua oaeeu, niaea?aeauea eiioeaeaioeeaeueiua aeaiiua, aeieaeiu
auoue aeinooiiu oieueei iaeioi?ui nio?oaeieeai. E?iia oiai, anee naoaaua
i?eeeaaeiua i?ia?aiiu aoaeoo ?aaioaoue n oaeeaie aeaiiuo, eioi?ua
aeieaeiu iiaeeoeoee?iaaoueny ianeieueeeie iieueciaaoaeyie, e aeaa
iieueciaaoaey iaeii a?aiaiii iieo/ao aeinooi e oaeei oaeeai aeaiiuo, oi
iaeei ec ieo ioiaieo ana eciaiaiey, aianaiiua ae?oaei, oae /oi iie
aoaeoo iaoaoue ?aaioa ae?oa ae?oaa.
Aeey i?aaeioa?auaiey iiaeiaiuo neooaoeee a IN NetWare i?aaeoniio?aia
?acaeoay nenoaia caueou aeaiiuo, eioi?ay aeeth/aao neaaeothuea ia?u:
caueoa io ianaieoeeiie?iaaiiiai i?eniaaeeiaiey e EAN iooai i?enaiaiey
eiai e ia?ieae iieueciaaoaeyi, a oaeaea ia?aie/aieyie ia aeinooi e EAN
iieueciaaoaeae n ii?aaeaeaiiuie eiaiaie a ii?aaeaeaiiia a?aiy aeiy
nenoaia aeiaa?yaiuo i?aa (trustee rights), iicaieythuay eiio?iee?iaaoue,
e eaeei oaeeai e aee?aeoi?eyi iiaeao eiaoue aeinooi iieueciaaoaeue, a
oaeaea eaeea iia?aoeee ii iiaeao i?iecaiaeeoue n ieie
nenoaia ao?eaooia aeey aee?aeoi?ee eee oaeeia, eioi?ua ii?aaeaeytho
aiciiaeiinoue eiie?iaaiey, oie/oiaeaiey, i?iniio?a, caiene e ?acaeaeaiey
eo a EAN
Aeey eaaeaeie aee?aeoi?ee nouanoaoao ianea iaeneiaeueiuo i?aa, o?aiyuay
iaeneiaeueiua i?eaeeaaee, eioi?ua iiaeao a iae eiaoue iieueciaaoaeue.
Ieaea ia?a/eneaiu ainaiue i?aa, eioi?ua iiaoo auoue oeacaiu a yoie
ianea:
i?aai /oaiey ec ioe?uouo oaeeia
i?aai caiene a ioe?uoua oaeeu
i?aai ioe?uaaoue oaeeu
i?aai nicaeaaaoue iiaua oaeeu
i?aai oie/oiaeaoue oaeeu
i?aai nicaeaaaoue, ia?aeiaiiauaaoue eee noe?aoue iiaeaee?aeoi?ee, e
onoaiaaeeaaoue aeiaa?yaiua i?aaa e i?aaa iaae aee?aeoi?eyie aioo?e
aee?aeoi?ee e aa iiaeaee?aeoi?eyo
i?aai i?iecaiaeeoue iiene oaeeia a aee?aeoi?ee
i?aai iiaeeoeeaoeee ao?eaooia oaeeia
1.4 ?aaioa a naoyo Novell NetWare
Eiaaony /aou?a o?iaiy ioaaonoaaiiinoe, eioi?ua iiaoo auoue i?enaiaiu
iieueciaaoaeyi a EAN NetWare:
?yaeiaie iieueciaaoaee EAN
iia?aoi?u (iia?aoi?u eiiniee oaeeiaiai na?aa?a, iia?aoi?u i/a?aaee
ia/aoe, iia?aoi?u na?aa?a ia/aoe)
iaiaaeaea?u (?oeiaiaeeoaee a?oii)
noia?aeci?u EAN
?yaeiauie iieueciaaoaeyie iacuaathony iau/iua iieueciaaoaee, ?aaioathuea
a EAN. Iie iiaoo caioneaoue i?eeeaaeiua i?ia?aiiu e ?aaioaoue n oaeeaie
a niioaaonoaee n oaie i?aaaie, eioi?uie iie iaaeaeaiu,
Iia?aoi?aie iacuaathony ?yaeiaua iieueciaaoaee, iaaeaeaiiua
aeiiieieoaeueiuie i?eaeeaaeyie. Iai?eia?, iia?aoi? eiiniee oaeeiaiai
na?aa?a, yoi iieueciaaoaeue, iaaeaeaiiue i?aaii eniieueciaaiey i?ia?aiiu
FCONSOLE eee n?aaenoaa RMF (Remote Management Facility – N?aaenoaa
aeenoaioeeiiiiai oi?aaeaiey).
Iaiaaeaea?aie iacuaathony iieueciaaoaee, eiathuea i?aai aaiaea iiauo
iieueciaaoaeae e oi?aaeaiey eie. Iaiaaeaea?u ?aai/eo a?oii iiaoo
auiieiyoue iaa yoe ooieoeee, a iaiaaeaea?u eiio?iey iieueciaaoaeae iiaoo
oieueei oi?aaeyoue iieueciaaoaeyie. Iaiaaeaea?u ?aaioatho eae
noia?aeci?u, ii oieueei a i?aaeaeao aeaiiie a?oiiu.
Noia?aeci?u naoe ioaaonoaaiiu ca ii?iaeueiia ooieoeeiie?iaaiea anae EAN.
Iie auiieiytho ooieoeee ianeoaeeaaiey EAN, i?e iaiaoiaeeiinoe i?iecaiaey
?aeiioeao?e?iaaiea e eciaiaiey a naoe.
I?ia?aiiiia iaania/aiea aeey acaeiiaeaenoaey n oaeeiaui na?aa?ii:
ninoieo ec aeaoo eiiiiiaio: Iaiei/ee (Shell) e i?ioieiea. Aeey oiai,
/oiau ?aai/ay noaioeey iiaea ooieoeeiie?iaaoue a naoe, iaiei/ea ia iae
aeieaeia auoue caa?oaeaia a eaaeaeoth ?aai/oth noaioeeth.
Oaeei ia?acii, aeaa i?ia?aiiiua eiiiiiaiou, i?aaenoaaeythuea niaie
?aceaeaioiua i?ia?aiiu, ?aaioatho ia eaaeaeie ?aai/ae noaioeee.
I?ia?aiia IPX oi?aaeyao naycueth IE ae?oa n ae?oaii e n oaeeiaui
na?aa?ii n iiiiuueth eiiioieeaoeeiiiiai i?ioieiea IPX/SPX. I?ia?aiia
NETX (eee, aiciiaeii, NET2, NET3, NET4 eee NET5, anee au eniieuecoaoa
noa?ua, caaenyuea io aa?nee DOS, i?ia?aiiu) yaeyaony iaiei/eie, eioi?ay
aini?eieiaao oaeeiaua cai?inu DOS e aae?anoao eo oaeeiaiio na?aa?o /a?ac
eiiaiaeu aeey IPX. Oaeei ia?acii, aeaa yoe eiiiiiaiou iicaieytho
i?eeeaaeiui i?ia?aiiai ?aaioaoue n naoaauie aeeneaie e i?eioa?aie oae
aea, eae a DOS. I?e yoii i?ia?aiia IPX caieiaao 19E iaiyoe, a NETX – 38E
Iaiei/ea (NETX.COM) auiieiyao ?ieue no?aei/ieea, ia?aeeth/ay cai?inu
i?eeeaaeiuo i?ia?aii n iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu DOS e NetWare. Iai?e ia?,
anee i?eeeaaeiay i?ia?aiia ia ?aai/ae noaioeee iuoaaony caa?oceoue eee
caienaoue oaee, iaiei/ea NetWare ii?aaeaeyao, ioiineony ee yoio cai?in e
oaeeo ia eieaeueiii aeenea eee ia naoaaii, a caaeneiinoe io yoiai cai?in
ioi?aaeyaony e DOS eee e NetWare.
I?ia?aiia-iaiei/ea eniieuecoao ae?oaie iiaeoeue I?O.NII aeey ia?aaea/e
naoaauo cai?inia e oaeeiaiio na?aa?o, a a iaeioi?uo neo/ayo e i?yiuo
niiauaiee iaaeaeo ?aai/eie noaioeeyie. Ae?oaeie neiaaie, i?ioieie IPX
-yoi ycue iauaiey ?aai/eo noaioeee n oaeeiaui na?aa?ii.
I?e ?aaioa a IN NetWare iao iaaeiaiinoe a eniieueciaaiee NetBIOS
(eiia/ii, anee ia eniieuecoaony i?eeeaaeiay i?ia?aiia, i?eiaiythuay yoio
i?ioieie), oae eae a NetWare i?eiaiyaony i?ioieie IPX. Oai ia iaiaa
oe?ia Novell iinoaaeyao yioeyoi? NetBIOS, eioi?ue i?aia?aciauaaao
eiiaiaeu NetBIOS a eiiaiaeu IPX. Yioeyoi? o?aaoao aeiiieieoaeueii 20E
ICO.
Ooeeeou NetWare
Eiiaiaeiua no?iee a NetWare i?aaeiacia/aiu aeey auiieiaiey i?inouo
ooieoeee, ia o?aaothueo iaith, iooai auciaa niioaaonoaothueo i?ia?aii.
Oeaeue iaai? oaeeo i?ia?aii ?aniieiaeai a aee?aeoi?ee n iacaaieai
PUBLIC.
Eiiaiaea LOGIN
Aeey i?eniaaeeiaiey e na?aa?o ioaeii aaanoe eiiaiaeo IN NetWare:
LOGIN eiy_na?aa?a/eiy_iieueciaaoaey
A iiea eiy_na?aa?a ioaeii oeacaoue na?aa?, e eioi?iio au oioaee au
i?eniaaeeieoueny, a a iiea eiy_iieueciaaoaey naia iieueciaaoaeueneia
eiy. Eiiaiaea LOGIN aaoiiaoe/anee cai?ineo aao ia?ieue. Aeey
ioniaaeeiaiey io na?aa?a ioaeii aaanoe LOGOUT.
Anee a EAN eiaaony aieaa iaeiiai na?aa?a, oi aeey eiae/aneiai
i?eniaaeeiaiey e eaaeaeiio ec ieo iinea ia?aiai eniieuecoaony eiiaiaea
ATTACH. Iinea yoiai iiaeii aieoe a na?aa?, e eioi?iio au
i?eniaaeeieeenue.
I?eniaaeeiaiea e ae?oaiio na?aa?o iiaeao iiiaaeiaeoueny aeey auiieiaiey
iaeiie ec neaaeothueo caaea/:
ia?aaea/e niiauaiey iieueciaaoaeth yoiai na?aa?a
eniieueciaaiey iaeiieoaey yoiai na?aa?a
eiie?iaaiey oaeeia eee aee?aeoi?ee ia yoio oaeeiaue na?aa? eee n iaai
Aeey eciaiaiey ia?iey a IN NetWare i?aaeoniio?aia eiiaiaea SETPASS. I?e
aaiaea yoie eiiaiaeu cai?aoeaaaony noa?ue ia?ieue, e iinea i?aaeeueiiai
aaiaea au iieo/aaoa aiciiaeiinoue aaanoe iiaue.
Anee iaiaoiaeeia eaeaioeoeeaoeey iieueciaaoaeae, i?eniaaeeiaiiuo e EAN,
oi iiaeii ainiieueciaaoueny eiiaiaeie WHOAMI. A ioaao ia ye?aia iiyaeony
neaaeothuaa niiauaiea:
You are user SIMON attached to server SERVER_1, connection 12.
Server SERVER_1 is running NetWare v3.11. Login time: Wednesday April
23, 1997 11:05 am.
Aeey iieo/aiey nienea na?aa?ia a EAN iiaeii ainiieueciaaoueny eiiaiaeie
SLIST. Aeey ii?aaeaeaiey eiai iieueciaaoaeae, i?eniaaeeiaiiuo e EAN
i?aaeoniio?aia eiiaiaea USERLIST. Niiauaiea yoie eiiaiaeu ia ye?aia
auaeyaeeo oae:
Connection User Name Login tine
1 NVASUKOV 4-23-1997 11:26
2 AOZHIGOV 4-23-1997 12:05
4 *SIMON 4-23-1997 12:44
Neiaie (*) aunaa/eaaaony ia?aae aaoei iieueciaaoaeueneei eiaiai,
Aeey eaaeaeiai iieueciaaoaey iiaeii nicaeaoue oae iacuaaaiue
LOGIN-noeaia?ee. LOGIN-noeaia?ee – yoi i?ia?aiia, eioi?ay onoaiaaeeaaao
iia?aoeeiiiua ia?aiao?u aeey aaoae ?aai/ae noaioeee i?e eaaeaeie
i?ioeaaeo?a i?eniaaeeiaiey e EAN. Noeaia?ee auiieiyao oaeea ?ooeiiua
caaea/e, eae ia?aiacia/aiea naoaauo iaeiieoaeae, auiieiaiea i?ia?aii e
caione i?eeiaeaiee, a oaeaea i?eniaaeeiaiea e ?acee/iui oaeeiaui
na?aa?ai. Iaeiaei LOGIN-noeaia?ee ia iiaeao caioneaoue ?aceaeaioiua
i?ia?aiiu. A yoii ?acaeaea au iiciaeiieoanue n iniiaiuie eiiaiaeaie
LOGIN-noeaia?ey.
Aeey ?aaeaeoe?iaaiey oaeea LOGIN-noeaia?ey iaiaoiaeeii ainiieueciaaoueny
ooeeeoie NetWare SYSCON. Iinea auai?a ec iaith no?iee Eioi?iaoeey i
Iieueciaaoaea (User Information), aaoaai inaaaeiieia (ID) e oaeea LOGIN-
noeaia?ey au aioiau e eiioeao?e?iaaieth noeaia?ey. Aeey oiai, /oiau
aaaaeaiiua eciaiaiey noaee aeaenoaiaaoue, ioaeii ioniaaeeieoueny io EAN
e aiiaue i?eniaaeeieoueny.
Iau/ii a LOGIN-noeaia?ee eniieuecothony eiiaiaeu IN NetWare ATTACH, MAP
e SET. Eiaaony oaeaea aiciiaeiinoue eniieueciaaiey a noeaia?ee
eiiaeiaoeee IF….THEN. A aieueoeo EAN i?aaeii/oeoaeueiaa eiiaiaeu
aaoaai LOGIN-noeaia?ey aeeth/aoue a nenoaiiue LOGIN-noeaia?ee.
Eiiaiaea MAP iiaeao onoaiiaeoue aoeaaiiua iaicia/aiey aeey naoaauo
iaeiieoaeae e oaeeeieoue nienie PATH a DOS aeey iienea i?eeeaaeiuo
i?ia?aii e ooeeeo. N iiiiuueth iaeiie aoeau iiaeii iaicia/eoue aanue
aeanoeee aeene oaeeiaiai na?aa?a eee oieueei aai /anoue (aee?aeoi?eth n
iiaeaee?aeoi?eyie, iai?eia?), Oaeea ia?aiacia/aiey i?aaeiacia/aiu aeey
eaeaioeoeeaoeee ii?aaeaeaiiuo iaeanoae a no?oeoo?a aee?aeoi?ee. A
NetWare ?acee/atho o?e oeia iaeiieoaeae: eieaeueiua iaeiieoaee, naoaaua
iaeiieoaee e iieneiaua iaeiieoa ee. Eieaeueiua iaeiieoaee oece/anee
iiaeeeth/aiu e ?aai/ei noaioeeyi. Naoaaua iaeiieoaee – yoi iaeiieoaee ia
aeanoeeo aeeneao oaeeiaiai na?aa?a (eo /anoi iacuaatho oiiaie).
Aiaeiae/ii oiio, eae a DOS, i?eiaiyaony n?aaenoai PATH aeey caaeaiey
nienea iaeiieoaeae e aee?aeoi?ee, a eioi?uo ii oiie/aieth ?acuneeaathony
i?eeeaaeiua i?ia?aiiu, a IN Net Ware eniieuecoaony iiiyoea iieneiaua
iaeiieoaee. Aeey i?iniio?a oaeouaai noaoona ia?aiacia/aiey naoaauo
iaeiieoaeae iiaeii aaanoe eiiaiaeo MAP aac ia?aiao?ia.
Neiaie # eniieuecoaony aeey caionea i?ia?aii (oaeeia n ?anoe?aieyie NII
eee AOA) a i?ioeanna LOGIN-noeaia?ey.
Eiiaiaea ATTACH iicaieyao i?iecaiaeeoue eiae/aneia i?eniaaeeiaiea e
ae?oaei oaeeiaui na?aa?ai, ia ioniaaeeiyynue io oaeouaai.
Eiiaiaea noeaia?ey SET iicaieyao onoaiaaeeaaoue cia/aiey ia?aiaiiuo DOS.
Au iiaeaoa eniieueciaaoue eiiaiaeo SET oae, eae a i?eaaaeaiiii ieaea
i?eia?a:
A LOGIN-noeaia?ee aeiioneaaony eniieueciaaiea eiae/aneeo eiino?oeoeee
IF…THEN, eioi?ua ?ac?aoatho auiieiaiea ii?aaeaeaiiuo eiiaiae i?e
auiieiaiee caaeaiiuo oneiaee:
IF DAY_OF_WEEK= “Iiiaaeaeueiee” THEN WRITE “AARGH”.
WRITE – yoi eiiaiaea LOGIN-noeaia?ey aeey auaea/e niiauaiee ia ye?ai.
Au iiaeaoa naycuaaoueny n ae?oaeie iieueciaaoaeyie a EAN, iinueay
niiauaiey n aaoae ?aai/ae noaioeee i?e iiiiue eiiaiaeiie no?iee.
I?aaeiieiaeei, /oi au oioeoa iineaoue iieueciaaoaeyi n eiaiaie DEN e
VICTOR niiauaiea neaaeothuaai niaea?aeaiey:
Ano?a/a naaiaeiy a 1:30
I?aaeiieiaeei oaeaea, /oi iieueciaaoaee DEN e VICTOR i?eniaaeeiaiu e
oiio aea oaeeiaiio na?aa?o. Oiaaea aeey ia?aaea/e niiauaiey aeinoaoi/ii
aaanoe n eeaaeaoo?u:
SEND “Ano?a/a a 1:30 naaiaeiy” DEN,VICTOR
IN NetWare auaeano niiauaiea, iiaeoaa?aeaeathuaa, /oi aaoa iineaiea
ia?aaeaii aae?anaoo.
Anee iaeei ec iieueciaaoaeae (VICTOR) i?eniaaeeiai e ae?oaiio oaeeiaiio
na?aa?o (SERVER2), oi aai i?eaeaony i?eniaaeeieony e yoiio na?aa?o e
ia?aaeaoue neaaeothuaa niiauaiea:
SEND “Ano?a/a a 1:30 naaiaeiy” SERVER2/HOLLY
?anniio?ei aua iaeei i?eia? eniieueciaaiey eiiaiaeiie no?iee aeey
ia?aaea/e niiauaiee. I?aaeiieiaeei, /oi aai iaiaoiaeeii ia?aaeaoue
niiauaiea anai nio?oaeieeai. Oiaaea au iiaeaoa ainiieueciaaoueny a?oiiie
EVERYONE, eioi?ay aeeth/aao anao iieueciaaoaeae, e ia?aaeaoue:
SEND “Iieo/eoa ca?ieaoo” EVERYONE
Anee au ia oioeoa iieo/aoue niiauaiey n ae?oaeo ?aai/eo noaioeee, oi au
iiaeaoa ainiieueciaaoueny eiiaiaeie CASTOFF aeey cai?auaiey i?eaia yoeo
niiauaiee. Iinea aaiaea yoie eiiaiaeu ia ye?aia iiyaeony neaaeothuaa
niiauaiea:
Oe?ieiaauaoaeueiua niiauaiey io ae?oaeo noaioeee oaia?ue aoaeoo
eaii?e?iaaoueny
Aeey ?ac?aoaiey i?eaia niiauaiee io ae?oaeo ?aai/eo noaioeee iaiaoiaeeii
ainiieueciaaoueny eiiaiaeie CASTON.
Oaeeu, aee?aeoi?ee e ao?eaoou
Au iiaeaoa iaieioee?iaaoue oaeeaie e aee?aeoi?eyie ?acee/iuie niiniaaie.
Au iiaeaoa eiie?iaaoue, oie/oiaeaoue, ia?aeiaiiauaaoue, caienuaaoue,
?ania/aouaaoue e ?acaeaeyoue oaeeu a EAN. Nenoaia i?aa aeinooia e oaeeai
e aee?aeoi?eyi, i?eiyoay a IN NetWare, aa?aioe?oao, /oi oieueei
ii?aaeaeaiiua iieueciaaoaee niiaoo eiaoue aeinooi e oaeeai EAN.
Eae oaeeu, oae e aee?aeoi?ee ia na?aa?a a EAN iiae oi?aaeaieai IN
NetWare eiatho ao?eaoou. Yoe ao?eaoou iiaoo ioiaiyoue i?aaa,
i?aaeinoaaeaiiua iieueciaaoaeyi a EAN. I?aaeiieiaeei, /oi au eiaaoa
i?aai ia?aeiaiiauaaoue oaeeu, a oaee, eioi?ue au oioeoa ia?aeiaiiaaoue
eiaao ao?eaoo cai?auaiey aai ia?aeiaiiaaiey. A yoii neo/aa aai
ia?aeiaiiaaoue aai ia oaeanony.
Eae ii?aaeaeeoue i?aaeinoaaeaiiua aai i?aaa
Aeey oiai, /oiau ociaoue, eaeeie i?aaaie au ?aniieaaaaoa, iiaeii
ainiieueciaaoueny eiiaiaeie RIGHTS. Anee, e i?eia?o, au eiaaoa ana i?aaa
a aeaiiie aee?aeoi?ee, oi ia aaoai ye?aia a ioaao ia eiiaiaeo RIGHTS
aoaeao auaeaii neaaeothuaa niiauaiea:
SERVER_1\SYS:SIMON
Your Effective Rights for this directory are [SRWCEMFA]
You have Supervisor Rights to Directory. (S)
* May Read from File (R)
* May Write to File (W)
May Create Subdirectories and Files (C)
May Erase Directory (E)
May Modify Directory (M)
May Scan for files (S)
May Change Access Control (A)
* Has no effect on directory.
Entries in Directory May Inherit [SRWCEHEA] rights.
You have ALL RIGHTS to Directory Entry.
Eiiaiaea NCOPY
I?eiaiaiea. eiiaiaeu DOS COPY iayooaeoeaii i?e eiie?iaaiee oaeeia ec
iaeiie aee?aeoi?ee oaeeiaiai na?aa?a a ae?oaoth. Yoi naycaii n oai, /oi
eiiaiaea COPY auiieiyaony ia ?aai/ae noaioeee, a yoi i?eaiaeeo e oiio,
/oi oaee aeey eiie?iaaiey aia/aea ia?aaeaaony ec iaeiie aee?aeoi?ee ia
?aai/oth noaioeeth /a?ac. EAN, a caoai ia?aoii ia ae?oaoth aee?aeoi?eth
na?aa?a.
Eiiaiaea NCOPY ?aoaao oo aea caaea/o, /oi e eiiaiaea COPY. I?e yoii,
anee iia iaia?oaeeaaao, /oi oaeeiaue na?aa? yaeyaony e enoi/ieeii e
iieo/aoaeai oaeea, oi yoa eiiaiaea auiieiyaony iaiin?aaenoaaiii ia
na?aa?a aac o/anoey EAN. A inoaeueiuo neo/ayo iia auiieiyaony oi/ii
oaeaea, eae iau/iay eiiaiaea COPY.
I?aaeiieiaeei, /oi aai ioaeii neiie?iaaoue oaee REPORT.DOC n oaeouae
aee?aeoi?ee a aee?aeoi?eth MANAGERS. Iaa aee?aeoi?ee ?aniieiaeaiu a oiia
SYS ia oaeeiaii na?aa?a SERVER1. Oiaaea aai iaiaoiaeeii aaanoe
neaaeothuoth eiiaiaeo:
NCOPY REPORT.DOC F:\MANAGERS\REPORT.DOC
Caiaoei, enoaoe, /oi aeey oeaeae eiie?iaaiey, noe?aiey, ia?aeiaiiaaiey
oaeeia iiaeii ainiieueciaaoueny ooeeeoie NetWare FILER.
Ainnoaiiaeaiea oie/oiaeaiiuo oaeeia
I?e iiiiue ooeeeou SALVAGE IN NetWare iiaeii ainnoaiaaeeaaoue
oie/oiaeaiiua oaeeu. Ec iaith yoie ooeeeou auae?aaony iioeey View/Re
cover Deleted Files e oeacuaaaony, /oi au aoaeaoa ainnoaiaaeeaaoue:
oaee, a?oiio oaeeia, auae?aaiuo ec nienea, eee a?oiio oaeeia n
ii?aaeaeaiiuie i?eciaeaie. Ii aeaeaieth, iiaeii i?enaaeaaoue iiaua eiaia
a i?ioeanna ainnoaiiaeaiey oaeeia.
Eiiaiaea NDIR
Aiaeiae/ii eiiaiaea DOS DIR, eiiaiaea NDIR a IN NetWare auaiaeeo nienie
oaeeia, i?eiaaeeaaeaueo aeaiiie aee?aeoi?ee. Ioee/ea ninoieo a oii, /oi
eiiaiaea NDIR i?eaioe?iaaia ia i?eiaiaiea a EAN e iioiio i?aaeinoaaeyao
aeiiieieoaeueioth eioi?iaoeeth, o?aiyuothny a IN NetWare aeey eaaeaeiai
oaeea e aee?aeoi?ee. Eiiaiaea NDIR oaeaea eiaao aiciiaeiinoue iienea
oaeeia a iiaeaee?aeoi?eyo. Oeie/iue i?eia? eniieueciaaiey eiiaiaeu NDIR
i?eaaaeai ieaea:
Ia/aoue aeieoiaioia a IN NetWare
Ia/aoue i?e ?aaioa ia ?aai/ae noaioeee, oi?aaeyaiie IN NetWare, aiaoia
aiaeiae/ia ia/aoe i?e ?aaioa ia aaoiiiiiii IE, Iaeiaei i?e ia?aaea/a
oaeea aeey ?ania/aouaaiey ia naoaaie i?eioa? i?ienoiaeeo neaaeothuaa.
Aia/aea inouanoaeyaony ia?o?ooecaoeey caaeaiey ia/aoe oaeea ia oaeeiaue
na?aa?, ioeoaea iii ia?aaeaaony ia na?aa? ia/aoe e, iaeiiaoe, ia
i?eioa?. Oaeeiaue na?aa? iiaeao iaeiia?aiaiii auiieiyoue oaeaea e
ooieoeee na?aa?a ia/aoe.
Eiiaiaea CAPTURE
Iinea aaiaea eiiaiaeu CAPTURE aeey ia?aiai?aaeaiey caaeaiey ia/aoe ia
?acaeaeyaiue naoaaie i?eioa? EAN i?ioeann ia/aoe oaeeia i?ienoiaeeo oae
aea, eae ia eieaeueiii i?eioa?a. Eiaaony aeaaea aiciiaeiinoue
eniieueciaaiey eeaaeoe PrtScr aeey auaiaea niaea?aeeiiai ye?aia aeenieay
ia i?eioa? EAN.
ENDCAP yaeyaony eiiaiaeie IN NetWare, i?aaeiacia/aiiie aeey ioiaiu
ia?o?ooecaoeee i?eioa?a, caaeaiiie eiiaiaeie CAPTURE. Ana caaeaiey,
iaoiaeyueany a i/a?aaee ia/aoe iinea iinooieaiey yoie eiiaiaeu aoaeoo
iai?aaeyoueny a eieaeueiue ii?o LPT ?aai/ae noaioeee. Aeey aiciaiiaeaiey
i?ioeanna ia/aoe ia naoaaii i?eioa?a iaiaoiaeeii iiaoi?aiea eiiaiaeu
CAPTURE.
Oi?aaeaiea caaeaieyie ia/aoe
I/a?aaeueth ia/aoe iacuaaaony niaoeeaeueiay aee?aeoi?ey, a eioi?ie
o?aiyony oaeeu, iaeeaeathuea naiae i/a?aaee ia/aoe. Aeey i?iniio?a
i/a?aaee ia/aoe iiaeii ainiieueciaaoueny niioaaonoaothuei iaith ooeeeou
PCONSOLE IN NetWare, Iinea auai?a iioeee iaith Print Queue Information e
eiaie i/a?aaee ia/aoe ioaeii aua?aoue aa?eaio iaith Current Print Job
Entries, eioi?ue auaaaeao nienie oaeeia a i/a?aaee ia/aoe.
Au iiaeaoa ioiaieoue caaeaiea ia ia/aoue oaeea, oaeaeea aai ec i/a?aaee,
ii oieueei a oii neo/aa, anee au yaeyaoanue aeaaeaeueoeai yoiai
caaeaiey. Ioiaia caaeaiey ia/aoe oaeea yaeyaony ooieoeeae ooeeeou
PCONSOLE IN NetWare.
1.5 Iaci? ?acee/iuo aa?nee IN NetWare
IN NetWare yaeythony iaeaieaa iiioey?iuie naoaauie IN ec-ca aunieie
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe, iaaeaaeiinoe e oi?ioae nenoaiu caueou aeaiiuo.
Iaiaoiaeeii, iaeiaei, eiaoue a aeaeo, /oi yoe i?iaeoeou a oi aea a?aiy
yaeythony iaeaieaa aei?iainoiyueie aeey iaaieueoeo EAN. Eiiaaea eo
onoaiiaea e aaeieieno?e?iaaiea aeinoaoi/ii neiaeiu, E?iia yoiai,
?aceaeaioiua eiiiiiaiou i?ia?aiiiiai iaania/aiey ?aai/eo noaioeee
caieiatho ieiei 60E ec 640E iauaia ICO, oai naiui inoaaeyy iaiiiai
iaiyoe aeey i?eeeaaeiuo i?ia?aii. Anee ?aai/ea noaioeee auiieiaiu ia
i?ioeanni?ao 80386 eee aieaa iicaeieo iiaeaeyo n iauaiii ICO aieaa 1I,oi
eiaaony aiciiaeiinoue caa?ocee ?aceaeaioiuo eiiiiiaio naoaauo IN a
aa?oiea iaeanoe iaiyoe n iiiiuueth iaiaaeaea?a iaiyoe.
Oaeeiaue na?aa? a NetWare yaeyaony iau/iui IE, naoaaay IN eioi?iai
inouanoaeyao oi?aaeaiea ?aaioie EAN. Ooieoeee oi?aaeaiey aeeth/atho
eii?aeeiaoeeth ?aai/eo noaioeee e ?aaoee?iaaiea i?ioeanna ?acaeaeaiey
oae eia e i?eioa?a a EAN. Naoaaua oaeeu anao ?aai/eo noaioeee o?aiyony
ia aeanoeii aeenea oaeeiaiai na?aa?a, a ia ia aeeneao ?aai/eo noaioeee.
Eiathony o?e aa?nee IN NetWare. Aa?ney 2.2 iiaeao ?aaioaoue ia
eiiiuethoa?a 80286 (eee aieaa iicaeieo iiaeaeyo), eniieuecoaiii a
ea/anoaa oaeeiaiai na?aa?a. I?e iieoiea IN iaiaoiaeeii i?eia?aoaoue
eeoeaiceth ia /enei iieueciaaoaeae 5,10,50 eee 100. Ia eaeia /enei
iieueciaaoaeae iaiaoiaeeii i?eia?aoaoue eeoeaiceth caaeneo io /enea
nio?oaeieeia iaeiia?aiaiii ?aaioathueo a EAN. Oae, anee i?aaeiieaaaaony
iaeiia?aiaiiay ?aaioa 7 iieueciaaoaeae, oi au aeieaeiu iieoiaoue
eeoeaiceth ia 10 iieueciaaoaeae, a i?e iaeiia?aiaiiie ?aaioa 67
nio?oaeieeia iaiaoiaeeia eeoeaicey ia 100 iieueciaaoaeae. Aa?nee IN
NetWare 3.12 e aieaa iiaay 4.0 aeey oaaee/aiey i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe
i?eaioe?iaaiu ia 32 ?ac?yaeiua oeiiua a?oeoaeoo?u eiiiuethoa?ia n
i?ioeanni?aie 80386, 80486 eee Pentium. Oe?ia Novell oaeaea iiaeaioiaeea
aa?eaiou naoaaie IN NetWare, i?aaeiacia/aiiua aeey ?aaiou iiae
oi?aaeaieai iiiaicaaea/iuo, iiiaiiieueciaaoaeueneeo iia?aoeeiiiuo nenoai
OS/2 e UNIX. Aa?neth 3.12 IN NetWare iiaeii i?eia?anoe aeey 20, 100 eee
250 iieueciaaoaeae, a aa?ney 4.0 eiaao aiciiaeiinoue iiaeaea?aeee aei
1000 iieueciaaoaeae.
Ana aa?nee IN NetWare oi?ioi niaianoeiu iaaeaeo niaie, iiyoiio a iaeiie
e oie aea eiiiuethoa?iie naoe iiaeii eiaoue oaeeiaua na?aa?u n ?aciuie
aa?neyie IN NetWare. Aieueoeinoai ooeeeo IN NetWare iaeaaeatho
aeinoaoi/iui eioaeeaeoii aeey oiai) /oiau aaoiiaoe/anee ii?aaeaeyoue i?e
caionea iiia? aa?nee IN e no?ieoue ?aaioo n o/aoii yoiai.
Aa?ney 3.12 NetWare iiuiaa e i?iecaiaeeoaeueiaa e i?aaeeaaaao aieue oea
aiciiaeiinoe aeey nayce, /ai aa?ney 2.2. Aa?ney 4.0 ?anoe?yao
aiciiaeiinoe ii /eneo ?aai/eo noaioeee e oaeeiauo na?aa?ia a EAN, a
oaeaea eiaao oi?iuaiioth i?ioeaaeo?o ?ani?aaeaeaiey iieueciaaoaeae
iaaeaeo ?acee/iuie oaeeiauie na?aa?aie. NetWare 2.2 ooieoeeiiaeueii
n?aaieia n SFT Advanced NetWare 286, eiaao aiciiaeiinoe ?aaiou n
iaauaeaeaiiuie oaeeiauie na?aa?aie e aieaa i?inoa a onoaiiaea, /ai
i?aaeuaeouea aa?nee NetWare 286.
Ia?aiia/aeueii ?ac?aaioaiiay eae naoaaay IN aeey oaia?ue oaea onoa?aaoae
EAN S-Net oe?iu Novell, NetWare auno?i inaieea i?ioeanni?u 80o86. A 1985
aiaeo oe?ia Novell auionoeea naoaaoth IN, iacaaiioth Advanced NetWare
1.0 (aa?ney 1.2 iiyaeeanue /ooue iicaea a oii aea aiaeo), eioi?ay
yaeyeanue ia?aie IN, eniieuecothuae i?aeiouanoaa caueuaiiiai ?aaeeia
i?ioeanni?a 80286.
OC Advanced NetWare 2.0
Aa?ney 2.0 IN Advanced NetWare auea auiouaia a 1986 aiaeo e
i?aaeinoaaeyea EAN oeo/oaiiua ooieoeeiiaeueiua oa?aeoa?enoeee, eo/ooth
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue e aiciiaeiinoe aeey i?aaiecaoeee iaaenaoaaiai
iaiaia. Iaeiie ec auaeathueony iniaaiiinoae IN NetWare 2.0 auea
niiniaiinoue niaaeeiyoue aei /aou?ao ?acee/iuo naoae n iaeiei oaeeiaui
na?aa?ii.
Iia?aoeeiiiua nenoaiu NetWare 2.1x, SFT NetWare e NetWare 386
A 1987 aiaeo oe?ia Novell ia?a?aaioaea NetWare aua ?ac aeey iiauoaiey
ioeacionoie/eainoe e nio?aiiinoe aeaiiuo a iiaii naiai i?iaeoeoa SFT
NetWare. Oaeea n?aaenoaa, eae FCONSOLE, iicaieythuea aaeieieno?aoi?o
aeenoaioeeiiii oi?aaeyoue oaeeiaui na?aa?ii n ?aai/ae noaioeee,
oeo/oaiiay nenoaia caueou aeaiiuo e iiaay nenoaia o/aoa ?ano?nia,
i?aaeinoaaeee iaiaaeaea?ai naoe eo/oea aiciiaeiinoe aeey oi?aaeaiey EAN.
Aeey auoiaea ia ?uiie iaeuo EAN, aaea oeaia yaeyaony ii?aaeaeythuae,
oe?ia Novell nicaeaea aa?nee IN NetWare ia 5 e 10 iieueciaaoaeae,
eioi?ua iacuaaeenue NetWare ELS I e ELS II.
Aa?ney 2.15 NetWare e NetWare aeey Macintosh aeaathoe?iaaee a 1988
aiaeo. Nicaeaiea n?aaenoa aeey iiaeeeth/aiey eiiiuethoa?ia Iac naoe auei
aaaeiui oaaii aeey NetWare, ii iieoiaoaee aeaeiaaeenue ia neiaeiinoue
NetWare, aeinoeaoae e yoiio a?aiaie “iiauo aunio”. Aieueoa anaai aeaeia
auei naycaii n ooeeeoie COMPSURF, aaoiiaoe/anee caioneaaiie a i?ioeanna
einoaeeyoeee. COMPSURF- yoi i?ia?aiia, i?aaeiacia/aiiay aeey
aeeaaiinoeee iiaa?oiinoe aeanoeiai aeenea n oeaeueth iaia?oaeaiey
oece/aneeo aeaoaeoia. Iieueciaaoaee aeaeiaaeenue, /oi aeey oanoe?iaaiey
iaeiiai iaeiieoaey ia aeanoeii aeenea ae o?aaiaaeny oeaeue aeaiue eee
aeaaea aeaa. A aeiiieiaiea e oiio, /oi i?ioeann einoaeeyoeee caieiae
iiiai a?aiaie, ii aua o?aaiaae nouanoaaiiiai iiuoa aeey i?aaeeueiiai aai
auiieiaiey.
32-?ac?yaeiay naoaaay IN NetWare 386 auea auiouaia a naioya?a 1989
aiaea. Neiioeaio?e?iaaaoenue ia oeaeinoiinoe e nio?aiiinoe aeaiiuo,
oe?ia Novell oaeaea cia/eoaeueii oeo/oeea nenoaio caueou aeaiiuo,
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue e aeaeinoue IN NetWare a i?iaeoeoa, iieo/eaoai
iacaaiea NetWare 386.
A 1991 aiaeo oe?ia Novell auionoeea aa?nee IN NetWare 2.2 e 3.11. A 1993
aiaeo oeo/oaiiay aa?ney 3.11 auea iacaaia aa?neae 3.12. A oii aea 1993
aiaeo oe?ia Novell auionoeea aa?neth 4.0 IN NetWare. A ianoiyuaa a?aiy
yoe naoaaua IN ia aaca na?aa?a yaeythony aeaaiuie n?aaee i?iaeoeoeee
oe?iu Novell.
OC NetWare 2.2
A aa?nee 2.2 NetWare oe?ia Novell nia?aea ana eo/oaa ec ?aiieo aa?nee
NetWare aeey i?ioeanni?a 80286 (aa?ney 2.15, SFT Advanced NetWare, ELS I
ELS II). Oeaia IN NetWare 2.2 oae aea, eae e aa?nee 3.12, caaeneo io
/enea iieueciaaoaeae. Aa?ney 2.2 i/aiue iioiaea ia IN SFT Advanced
NetWare. Ana aa?eaiou aa?nee 2.2 eiatho iaeeiaeiaua aiciiaeiinoe,
iai?eia?, EAN ia 5 ?aai/eo noaioeee eiaao oaeie aea o?iaaiue
ioeacionoie/eainoe (SFT), eae e EAN ia 100 ?aai/eo noaioeee. Aa?ney 2,2
auioneaaony ia 5,10,50 eee 100 iieueciaaoaeae. Oeaia iaiyaony io 895
aeieea?ia aeey 5 iieueciaaoaeae aei 5495 aeieea?ia aeey 100
iieueciaaoaeae. N?aaiaiea oa?aeoa?enoee IN NetWare aa?nee 2.2 e 3.12
i?iaiaeeony a oaaeeoea 7.1. I?ioeann einoaeeyoeee aeey NetWare 2.2 ii/oe
noieue aea i?ino, eae e aeey 3.12. Oe?ia Novell o/ea aeaeiau iieoiaoaeae
e oi?inoeea aai ianoieueei, /oi a noaiaea?oiii ?aaeeia ioaeii ioaaoeoue
oieueei ia 3 aii?ina i oaeeiaii na?aa?a e aaoae EAN, iiaeiaeaeaoue
iai?iaeieaeeoaeueiia a?aiy, iiea io?aaioaao i?ia?aiia ZTEST e anoaaeoue
a aeeneiaiae ianeieueei aeeneao. “Aeieaiea?athuay” i?ia?aiia COMPSURF
oaeaea inoaeanue, ii oaia?ue oaea a ea/anoaa aa?eaioa ii aeaeaieth
iieueciaaoaey.
IN NetWare aa?nee 2.2 eiaao iiaeaea?aeeo VAP (Value Added Processes)
-ioaeaeueiuo i?ia?aiiiuo iiaeoeae, noueoaiuo n IN NetWare e iicaieythueo
oaeeiaiio na?aa?o auiieiyoue iaeioi?ua aeiiieieoaeueiua ooieoeee,
Oi?ioei i?eia?ii eniieueciaaiey VAP yaeyaony oe?iaiiue iaoiae aeinooia e
oaeeai BTRIEVE. Aianoi ia?aiai?aaeaiey ia oaee-na?aa? cai?ina e DOS aeey
n/eouaaiey i/a?aaeiie ii?oeee oaeea i?eeeaaeiay i?ia?aiia ia ?aai/ae
noaioeee ia?aaeaao i?ia?aiia BTRIEVE ia na?aa?a eeth/ ioaeiie ae caiene.
A BTRIEVE inouanoaeyao iiene caiene ia oaeeiaii na?aa?a e iinueaao aa
i?eeeaaeiie i?ia?aiia.
OC NetWare 3.12
IN NetWare 3.12 eniieuecoao i?aeiouanoaa i?ioeanni?ia 80386, 80486 eee
Pentium. Iia i?aaeinoaaeyao ?anoe?aiiua aiciiaeiinoe: aeinooi e iaiyoe
aei 4A aeey eyoe?iaaiey, i?eniaaeeiaiea e iaeiiio na?aa?o aei 250
iieueciaaoaeae, iauai aeeneiaie iaiyoe aei 32 oa?aaaeo, iaeneiaeueiue
?acia? oaeea aei 4A, iaeei oaee iiaeao ?aniieaaaoueny ia ianeieueeeo
iaeiieoaeyo. Aei 100000 oaeeia iiaoo auoue ioe?uou iaeiia?aiaiii. IN
NetWare 3.12 aeeth/aao aiciiaeiinoe ii ioeacionoie/eainoe SFT NetWare e
eiaao oeo/oaiioth nenoaio caueou aeaiiuo. Oaeaea iiaie yaeyaony
eiioeaioeey NLM (NetWare Loadable Module – Caa?oaeaaiua iiaeoee NetWare)
i?ia?aiiiuo iiaeoeae, caa?oaeaaiuo (aua?oaeaaiuo) a oaeeiaue na?aa? a
i?ioeanna ?aaiou. I?e yoii NLM ai?acaei eaa/a eniieueciaaoue, /ai VAP.
NetWare 3.12 ia yaeyaony oaeie oi?ioae iniiaie aeey i?eeiaeaiee oeia
eeeaio/na?aa?, eae iia?aoeeiiiua nenoaiu LAN Manager e LAN Server.
Iaeiaei oe?ia Novell i?aaeinoaaeyao ?yae n?aaenoa aeey i?ia?aiienoia,
?ac?aaaouaathueo oaeea i?eeiaeaiey. Oe?ia Novell oaeaea i?aaeeaaaao
?ac?aaio/eeai n?aaenoaa aeey nicaeaiey i?eeeaaeiuo i?ia?aii,
i?aaeiacia/aiiuo aeey ?aciauaiey eae ia oaeeiaii na?aa?a, oae e ia
?aai/ae noaioeee-eeeaioa, aeeth/ay NLM n caueoie iaiyoe e ?acee/iua
o?ainii?oiua i?ioieieu, aeiaieueii eaaei i?ia?aiie?oaiua.
Aeey iiiiue i?ia?aiienoai a oi?aaeaiee iiaie n?aaeie oe?ia Novell
i?aaeeaaaao iaai? i?ia?aii aeey i?ioanneiiaeueiuo ?ac?aaio/eeia
Professional Developer’s Program. Yoe i?ia?aiiiua n?aaenoaa aeeth/atho:
eiiieeyoi? Ne, eiiiiiiauee i?ia?aii, neiaiee/aneee ioeaae/ee, aeaeeioaee
naoaauo i?ia?aii e i?iaeoeo NetWare RPC. RPC – yoi nie?auaiiia
iaicia/aiea aeey Mote Procedure Code (Eiioeaioeey ?ani?aaeaeaiiie
ia?aaioee eioi?iaoeee), aaea ?acee/iua /anoe eaeie-ieaoaeue i?ia?aiiu
eee i?ioeanna iiaoo auiieiyoueny ia ?acee/iuo oeiao eiiiuethoa?ia a
naoe.
Aa?ney 3.12 IN NetWare aiieioeea iaauaiea oe?iu Novell iiaeaea?aeeaaoue
?aai/ea noaioeee iiae oi?aaeaieai ?acee/iuo IN. A na?aa?a iiaoo
o?aieoueny oaeeu aeey ?aai/eo noaioeee n iia?aoeeiiiuie nenoaiaie DOS,
Macintosh, OS/2 e UNIX. Aeey yoiai ia na?aa?a, oi?aaeyaiii .IN Net Ware
3.12 i?aaeoniio?aiu niaoeeaeueiua ao?eaoou aeey eiai oaeeia. Aeey
eaaeaeiai o?aiyuaainy ia na?aa?a oaeea, e?iia eiaie a DOS-noeea, a
iaeanoe ao?eaooia eiaie niaea?aeeony eioi?iaoeey (aeaa iaeanoe ii 128
aaeo) i oii, eaeie IN yoio oaee i?eiaaeeaaeeo. Iai?eia?, oaee,
nicaeaiiue ia ?aai/ae noaioeee iiae oi?aaeaieai OS/2, nio?aiyao caeanue
naie ?anoe?aiiua ao?eaoou (aeeeiiia eiy, aeaoo nicaeaiey e o. i.). Oaee
Macintosh niaea?aeeo a yoeo iaeanoyo naia aeeeiiia eiy e eioi?iaoeeth
aeey Mac Finder. ?aaioa n yoeie ao?eaooaie eiai inouanoaeyaony
aeiiieieoaeueiuie na?aa?iuie iiaeoeyie (NLM). Oaeei ia?acii, oaeeu,
nicaeaiiua iieueciaaoaeyie Ian, iiaoo auoue aeinooiiu iieueciaaoaeyi DOS
e iaiai?io.
Aieaa oiai, caa?ocea NetWare for Macintosh NLM, iiaeii nicaeaoue oaee n
iiiiuueth Microsoft Word aeey Macintosh, caoai ?aaeaeoe?iaaoue aai n
iiiiuueth Microsoft Word aeey Windows ia eiiiuethoa?a iiae oi?aaeaieai
DOS e, iaeiiaoe, ieii/aoaeueiua i?aaee aianoe n iiiiuueth Word/PM ia
eiiiuethoa?a iiae oi?aaeaieai OS/2.
Ioe?uoinoue a?oeoaeoo?u IN NetWare ?ani?ino?aiyaony ia oieueei ia
o?iaaiue aa oaeeiaie nenoaiu, ii e aeeth/aao iiaue eioa?oaen
o?ainii?oiiai o?iaiy (TLI – Transport Layer Interface), iniiaaiiue ia
ODI. Yoio eioa?oaen i?aaeinoaaeyao oe?ieee aeeaiacii aiciiaeiinoae aeey
i?aaiecaoeee naycae, aeeth/ay IPX/SPX, NetBIOS, LU 6.2 (A??N),
eiaiiaaiiua eaiaeu nayce aeey ?aai/eo noaioeee, oi?aaeyaiuo DOS e OS/2,
TCP/IP, eioa?oaen Berkley 4.3 Sockets e UNIX System V Streams/TLL.
Ooeeeoa SBACKUP a IN NetWare 3.12 iicaieyao auiieiyoue ?aca?aiua eiiee
ia aioo?aiiee iaeiieoaeue ia iaaieoiie eaioa e ainnoaiaaeeaaoue oaeeu
iacaaeneii io IN, a eioi?ie iie auee nicaeaiu. Eioi?iaoeey ec ao?eaooia
eiai oaeaea caienuaaaony ia iaaieoioth eaioo. Oaeei ia?acii,
iaeiia?aiaiii iiaeao auoue i?iecaaaeaii ?aca?ae?iaaiea eee
ainnoaiiaeaiea ?aca?aiuo eiiee oaeeia DOS, Macintosh e OS/2 (HPFS).
N NLM iiaeoeai iiaeaea?aeee i?ioieiea TCP/IP, aoiaeyuei a ninoaa IN
NetWare 3.12, iiaeii, iai?eia?, aeeth/eoue UNIX-iaoeio, oaeoth eae
RS/6000, a iaeei ec naaiaioia naoe Token Ring e eniieueciaaoue na?aa?
NetWare 3.12 aeey ia?aaea/e iaeaoia IP io ?aai/ae noaioeee DOS e
naaiaioo n eiiiuethoa?ii RS/6000, Iniaaiiinoe ia?aaea/e IP iaeaoa
iiaeoeai TCP/IP NetWare iicaieytho EAN, oi?aaeyaiui IN NetWare 3.12,
inouanoaeyoue naycue n naoyie, eniieuecothueie i?ioieie TCP/IP. Aeey
ia?aaea/e iaeaoa IPX io iaeiiai NetWare na?aa?a ae?oaiio /a?ac eaiae
nayce TCP/IP IN NetWare caeeth/aao iaeao IPX a iaiei/eo IP e ia?aaeaao
aai iaaeaeo na?aa?aie. A nouiinoe, /anoue EAN TCP/IP noaiiaeony
anoanoaaiiui i?iaeieaeaieai EAN IPX.
Aeey oiai, /oiau iicaieeoue. UNIX-noaioeee eniieueciaaoue oaeeiaue
na?aa?, oi?aaeyaiue IN NetWare, iaiaoiaeeii caa?oceoue nenoaio NFS ia
UNIX-iaoeia e NLI-iiaeoeue NFS NetWare ia oaeeiaii na?aa?a, oi?aaeyaiii
IN NetWare. Iinea oiai, eae naeaeaiu iaiaoiaeeiua onoaiiaee a oaeea
/ETC/HOSTS e ae?oaeo onoaiiai/iuo oaeeao ia UNIX-eiiiuethoa?a, au
nicaeaaoa ionooth aee?aeoi?eth e eniieuecoaoa noaiaea?oioth eiiaiaeo
UNIX MOUNT, /oiau i?aa?aoeoue ionooth aee?aeoi?eth a ieii oaeeiaiai
na?aa?a NetWare 3.12. Oaia?ue au iieo/aaoa aeinooi e oaeeiaiio na?aa?o
NetWare n ?aai/ae noaioeee UNIX, eniieuecoy iau/iua UNIX-eiiaiaeu,
ooeeeou e i?eeeaaeiua i?ia?aiiu.
N?aaenoai ia?aaea/e oaeeia FOAI NLM nenoaiu NetWare iicaieyao
i?eniaaeeiyoue na?aa?u NetWare 3.12 e eiiiuethoa?iui naoyi iiaeaee OSI
Yoi n?aaenoai yaeyaony iieiinoueth niaianoeiui ni noaiaea?oii GOSIP 1.0,
iicaieyy ?aai/ei noaioeeyi ?acaeaeyoue i?eioa?u e oaeeu ia na?aa?a
NetWare.
Ooeeeoa FCONSOLE a NetWare 2.15 i?aaeiacia/aeanue aeey eiio?iey
aeoeaiinoe na?aa?a. Ia?aua ianeieueei aa?nee NetWare 386 auioneaeenue
aac FCONSOLE. Oaia?ue yoa aiciiaeiinoue iiyaeeanue aiiaue, aeaaiaea?y
ooeeeoa RMF (Remote Management Facility – N?aaenoai aeenoaioeeiiiiai
oi?aaeaiey). RMF iiaeii eniieueciaaoue aeey eiio?iey na?aa?a eee aeey
onoaiiaee a NetWare aeiiieieoaeueiiai na?aa?a. I?ioeaaeo?a
aeenoaioeeiiiie onoaiiaee ?aaioaao oi?ioi, ii ioaeii no?iai neaaeiaaoue
oeacaieyi eino?oeoeee.
IN NetWare 3.12 aeeth/aao ana iniiaiua aiciiaeiinoe naieo
i?aaeoanoaaiieeia NetWare 386 a ioiioaiee iaaeaaeiinoe, nenoai caueou
aeaiiuo, eniieueciaaiey iaiyoe, aeeneiaiai i?ino?ainoaa e ?acia?ia
oaeeia. Einoaeeyoeey NetWare 3.12 aeiaieueii i?inoa.
Nenoaia iiaeneacie a NetWare 3.12 ioaeaeaaony a oeo/oaiee. Iauai yoie
nenoaiu 1.7I, ii aa iieueciaaoaeueneee eioa?oaen NFOLIO iaoaeiaai, e
iioiio o?oaeii iaoiaeeoue ioaeioth eioi?iaoeeth.
NetWare 3.12 eiaao oi?iooth i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue a cia/eoaeueiie noaia
ie, aeaaiaea?y i?eiaiaieth iiaie oaaeeoeu ?aciauaiey oaeeia (Turbo FAT
-Turbo File Allocation Table). Eaaeaeue oii niaea?aeeo oaaeeoeo
?aciauaiey oaeeia (FAT) – oeacaoaee e aeieai oaeeia, ?aniieiaeaiiuo ia
aeenea. NetWare o?aieo anth FAT a iaiyoe na?aa?a e nicaeaao Turbo FAT
aeey oaeeia, eiathueo aieaa 64 oaeeo aeieia, /oi iaania/eaaao onei?aiea
aeinooia e aieueoei oaeeai.
Aua iaeiie iniaaiiinoueth NetWare 3.12 yaeyaony aeeiaie/aneia
?ani?aaeaeaiea iaiyoe, auaeaeythuaa iaeanoe iaiyoe aeey aooa?e?iaaiey
oaeeia, cai?inia iaiyoe io NLM, aooa?e?iaaiey FAT e oaaeeoe aee?aeoi?ee.
IN NetWare 3.12 iiaeao eiaoue aieueoa FSP (File Service Process –
I?ioeannia ia?aaioee oaeeia), ?aaioathueo iaeiia?aiaiii, /ai NetWare
2.2, oai naiui iaania/eaay aieaa auno?oth ?aaeoeeth aeey ?aai/eo
noaioeee.
A oaaeeoea i?iaaaeaii n?aaiaiea oa?aeoa?enoee NetWare 2.2 e Net Ware
3.12.
N?aaiaiea oa?aeoa?enoee NetWare 2.2 e NetWare 3.12
Oa?aeoa?enoeea
NetWare 2.2 NetWare 3.12
Oei IN
16 aeo 32 aeoa
Ieieiaeueiue OeI na?aa?a
80286 80386
Ieieiaeueiue iauai ICO ia 50 iieueciaaoaeae 2.5I 6I
Iaeneiaeueiue iiaeaea?aeeaaaiue iauai ICO 12I 4A
Caieiaaiue iauai ia aeanoeii aeenea 5I 9I
Iaeneiaeueiue iauai aeanoeiai aeenea 2A 32O
Aiciiaeiinoue ?aaiou aac auaeaeaiiiai na?aa?a AeA IAO
I?eeiaeaiey na?aa?a
VAP NML
Aeeiaie/aneia ?ani?aaeaeaiea ?ano?nia IAO AeA
Iiaeaea?aeea eeeaioia OS/2 AeA (Ia iiaeaea?aeeaaao aeeeiiua eiaia
nenoaiu HPFS) AeA
Iiaeaea?aeea eeeaioia Mac
AeA ( Yioeyoeey ) Ii aeaeaieth
Iiaeaea?aeea eeeaioia NFS
IAO Ii aeaeaieth
Iiaeaea?aeea eeeaioia OSI
IAO Ii aeaeaieth
Naoaaua ea?ou
8, 16 aeo 8, 16, 32 aeo
OC NetWare 4.0
Aa?ney NetWare 4.0 iieiinoueth niaianoeia n aa?neyie NetWare 2.2 e
NetWare 3.12, oae /oi iieueciaaoaeue ia caiaoeo ?acieoeu, e yoi auei
iaeiie ia oeaeae i?e aa nicaeaiee. Iaeiaei naoaaie aaeieieno?aoi?
caiaoeo oeaeue ?yae iiaoanoa,
Oe?ia Novell ia/aea aa i?iaeaaeo a ia?oa 1993 aiaea, iinea
aeaiiino?aoeee ia i?iiuoeaiiie aunoaaea a Aaoeiaoiia. Oaeaea a 1993
aiaeo oe?ia Novell auionoeea NetWare SFT III (System Fault Tolerance –
Aacioeaciay nenoaia) – aa?neth NetWare 4.0, eioi?ay eiaao ano?iaiiua
i?ia?aiiiua n?aaenoaa, aa?aioe?othuea aacioeacioth ?aaioo EAN. Oe?ia
Novell oaeaea i?aaeeaaaao ?aaeaeoeee IN NetWare 4.0 aeey ?aaiou iiae
oi?aaeaieai iia?aoeeiiiuo nenoai UNIX e 0S/2 aa?nee 2.o. Yoe ?aaeaeoeee
IN NetWare yaeythony caiiai iaienaiiuie naoaauie IN, iniiaaiiuie nei?aa
ia yae?a IN NetWare 4.0, /ai ia noa?ie Portable NetWare. IN NetWare,
i?aaeiacia/aiiay aeey ?aai/ae noaioeee iiae oi?aaeaieai UNIX, iniiaaia
ia ?ac?aaioaiiie eaai?aoi?eae USL (UNIX System Laboratories- Eaai?aoi?ey
aeey nenoai UNIX) oaoiieiaee, eioi?oth oe?ia Novell i?eia?aea o oe?iu
AT&T a eiioea 1992 aiaea. A eiioea 1993 aiaea auiouaia aa?ney IN NetWare
aeey ?aaiou n ?aai/ae noaioeeae iiae oi?aaeaieai iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu
OS/2. Iacaaeneii io oiai, eaeoth iia?aoeeiiioth ieaooi?io au
i?aaeii/eoaaoa, oe?ia Novell no?aieony noaoue iinoaaueeii naoaaie IN
aeey aan.
Einoaeeyoeee NetWare 4.0 i?iecaiaeeony i?eia?ii n 25 aeeneao (/anoue ec
ieo – yoi aeeneaou aeey ?aai/ae noaioeee) eee n iaeiieoaey oeia-CD-ROM,
Aoi?ie niinia einoaeeyoeee yaeyaony aieaa auno?ui e aacaieaciaiiui. Aeey
eo/oae i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe IN NetWare ?aeiiaiaeoaony aeiaaaeoue
ianeieueei iaaaaaeo ICO ia na?aa?a, ii ieieiaeueiue iauai iaiyoe
ninoaaeyao 1. Iauai caieiaaiiai i?ino?ainoaa ia aeenea eieaaeaony io 12
aei 60I a caaeneiinoe io aua?aiiuo i?e einoaeeyoeee oa?aeoa?enoee.
I?ia?aiiiia iaania/aiea iaiei/ee IN NetWare 4.0 ia ?aai/ae noaioeee DOS,
iicaieythuaa iieueciaaoaeth DOS eiaoue aeinooi e na?aa?o, ii iauaio
iaiueoa, /ai a aa?nee 3.12 (53E aianoi 59E a aa?nee 3.12), ii
i?aaeinoaaeyao oa aea naiua ooieoeee ia?aiai?aaeaiey iia?aoeee
aaiaea/auaiaea. ?aai/ea noaioeee iiaoo i?iaeieaeaoue eniieueciaaoue
noa?oth aa?neth i?ia?aiiu, oaeei ia?acii, ia iaycaoaeueii iaeiia?aiaiii
iaiyoue iaiei/ee ia anao ?aai/eo noaioeeyo. Oe?ia Novell inoaaeyao
i?ia?aiiiia iaania/aiea aeey ?aai/eo noaioeee DOS a iiaeoeueiie oi?ia a
aeaea iiaeoeae VLM (Virtual Loadable Module – Ae?ooaeueiua caa?oaeaaiua
iiaeoee). E EAN iiaeii i?eniaaeeieoueny n ?aai/ae noaioeee, ?aaioathuae
iiae oi?aaeaieai Windows eee Presentation Manager (?I) iia?aoeeiiiie
nenoaiu OS/2. I?e yoii nio?oaeieee, eniieuecothuea eioa?oaen Windows eee
?I, iieo/atho iiaua n?aaenoaa aeey oi?aaeaiey naoaaui naainii. IN
NetWare 4.0 eiaao ano?iaiioth iiaeaea?aeeo ?ac?uaa iaeaoia niiauaiee e
iicaieyao inouanoaeyoue ?aca?ae?iaaiea aeaiiuo ?aai/eo noaioeee,
oi?aaeyaiuo DOS e OS/2. Iia eniieuecoao iaiueoee iauai ICO ia iaoeiao,
i?aaeiacia/aiiuo aeey aeenoaioeeiiiie ia/aoe. ?ac?ua iaeaoia yoi iaoiae
iiauoaiey i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe EAN, iicaieythuee iieo/aoue aieaa
auno?oth ?aaeoeeth na?aa?a ia cai?inu ?aai/eo noaioeee.
Iaeaieaa cia/eoaeueiie iniaaiiinoueth IN NetWare 4.0 yaeyaony nenoaia
NDS (NetWare Directory Service – Nenoai ianeoaeeaaiey aee?aeoi?ee a IN
NetWare), i?aaenoaaeythuay niaie ea?a?oe/anee i?aaieciaaiioth aaco
aeaiiuo, eioi?ay caiaieea noa?oth nenoaio (Bindery). Iaeiaei, oae eae
cia/eoaeueiay /anoue naoaauo ooeeeo a aa?nee 3.12 eniieueciaaea nenoaio
API aeey aeinooia e Bindery, oi a aa?neth 4.0 ii oiie/aieth aeeth/aia aa
yioeyoeey, oae /oi ia iaycaoaeueii ioeacuaaoueny io yoeo ooeeeo. A
aa?nee 4.0 eniieueciaaia oaeaea iiaay nenoaia eiaiiaaiiuo aee?aeoi?ee,
eioi?ay, ii ooaa?aeaeaieth oe?iu Novell, aoaeao ?aaioaoue n i?ia?aiiiui
iaania/aieai, iaienaiiui a niioaaonoaee ni niaoeeoeeaoeeyie noaiaea?oa
O.500. Yoa nenoaia yaeyaony iniiaie, aeathuae aiciiaeiinoue
iieueciaaoaeyi i?eniaaeeiyoueny e eieaeueiui na?aa?ai ca iaeio
iia?aoeeth. E i?e yoii iieueciaaoaee oae aea eaaei niiaoo iieo/aoue
aeinooi e na?aa?ai, iaoiaeyueiny a oa??eoi?eaeueii ?acianaiiuo EAN.
NetWare 4.0 iicaieyao iaeiia?aiaiioth ?aaioo aei 1000 iieueciaaoaeae
(aa? ney 3.12 – ia aieaa 250 iieueciaaoaeae), e oe?ia Novell i?iaeaao
eeoeaicee ia 9,10,20,50,100,250,500 e 1000 iieueciaaoaeae. I?e
eniieueciaaiee iiaie iaiei/ee a aa?nee 4.0 aiciiaeai aeinooi e 54000
oaeeiaui na?aa?ai (a aa?nee 3.12 eaaeaeay ?aai/ay noaioeey iiaeao eiaoue
aeinooi oieueei e 8 oaeeiaui na?aa?ai). Aa?nee NetWare 4.0 aeey UNIX e
OS/2 i?aaeinoaaeytho aiciiaeiinoue ?aaiou a ?aaeeia aac auaeaeaiiiai
na?aa?a, iaeiaei yae?i aa?nee 4.0 i?eaioe?iaaii ia i?eiaiaiea
auaeaeaiiiai oaeeiaiai na?aa?a.
Iiea IN NetWare 4,0 ia iiaeaea?aeeaaao ioeueoei?ioeanni?iua
eiiiuethoa?u. A ioaao ia e?eoe/aneea caia/aiey ii ioiioaieth e aa?nee
3.12, iia ?aaioaao n /aou?ueiy eieueoeaie caueou iaiyoe. Yoe eieueoea
ninoaaeytho iaoaieci caueou, i?aaeinoaaeyaiue i?ioeanni?ii i?ia?aiiiiio
iaania/aieth IN. I?ia?aiiiia iaania/aiea, ?aaioathuaa a eaaeaeii
eieueoea, eiaao ii?aaeaeaiiua i?eaeeaaee, e oeaio?aeueiue i?ioeanni? ia
iicaieyao i?ia?aiiai ec ?aciuo eieaoe iaoaoue ae?oa ae?oao.
Iiaeieaie a aa?nee 4.0 yaeythony: nenoaia eyoe?iaaiey i?aaeiieaaaaiiai
/oaiey, oaaee/eaathuay i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue nenoaiu, eiii?anney aeaiiuo
e eiiiiiiaea aeieia aeaiiuo, iicaieythuea yeiiiieoue i?ino?ainoai ia
aeanoeii aeenea oaeeiaiai na?aa?a. Eiaaony aiciiaeiinoue
neiioeao?e?iaaoue nenoaio oaeei ia?acii, /oiau eiii?anney aeaiiuo
inouanoaeyeanue a /anu, eiaaea aieueoeinoai nio?oaeieeia iieeiao
i?aaiecaoeeth, anee ii eaeei-ieaoaeue i?e/eiai iaaeaeaoaeueii
i?iecaiaeeoue yoi a i?ioeanna ?aaiou.
IN NetWare 4.0 eiaao oa aea ia?aie/aiey ia /enei oiiia e iauaa aeeneiaia
i?ino?ainoai, /oi e aa?ney 3.12. A aa?nee 4.0 oaeaea oeo/oaia nenoaia
caueou aeaiiuo e ?ano?nia EAN io ianaieoeeiie?iaaiiiai aeinooia ca n/ao
i?eiaiaiey iiauo aeinoeaeaiee a yoie iaeanoe. ?anoe?aiea aiciiaeiinoae
EAN aa?nee 4.0 aeeth/aao Image Enabled NetWare – nenoaio aeey ?aaiou n
ecia?aaeaieyie ii oaoiieiaee oe?iu Kodak, a oaeaea n?aaenoaa aeey ?aaiou
n aeieoiaioaie, iniiaaiiua ia a?oeoaeoo?a, naycaiiie n niaea?aeaieai
aeieoiaioia.
IN NetWare 4.0 yaeyaony eiae/aneei ?acaeoeai i?aaeuaeoueo aa?nee. Anee
aaoa EAN auoea ca i?aaeaeu 250 iieueciaaoaeae eee 8 na?aa?ia, eee anee
iia noaea /anoueth aeiaaeueiie au/eneeoaeueiie naoe, oi a yoii neo/aa
NetWare 4.0 aaeioiao a iaa iiaoth aeeciue. Iaeiaei, anee aaoa
i?aaiecaoeey ia ioaeaeaaony ai anai yoii, oi au aoaeaoa ia?aaeiaaiu oai,
/oi oe?ia Novell i?iaeieaeaao iiaeaea?aeeo iiioey?iie aa?nee 3.12.
Aeaaa 2.
Aiaeec aiciiaeiinoae IN OS/2
?ac?aaio/eee e iieueciaaoaee aeaeothony ia D0S /ooue ee ia n iiiaioa
iiyaeaiey ia?aie aa aa?nee. N eiioea 80-o DOS ia ioaa/aao ioaeaeai
iieueciaaoaeae IE, eioi?ua auiieiytho aieueoee iauai ?aaiou e noaee
aieaa iiuiuie. A /anoiinoe, iieueciaaoaee aeaeothony ia
iaaeinoaoi/iinoue iauaia iaiyoe aeey i?eeeaaeiiai i?ia?aiiiiai
iaania/aiey (i?aneiaooue i?aaeae 640E). DOS ia iicaieyao iaeiia?aiaiii
?aaioaoue n ianeieueeeie i?eeeaaeiuie i?ia?aiiaie, iia yaeyaony neaai
caueuaiiie, neeoeii i?inoie e ?oaeeiaioa?iie, iaeiiaoe, DOS ieacuaaaony
i/aiue iaaeeaiiie i?e ?aaioa n aieueoeie oaeeaie. Ei?i/a aiai?y, DOS ia
eiaao naienoa i?ioanneiiaeueiie nenoaiu. Ii naiia aieueoia eiee/anoai
aeaeia ioiineony e oiio, /oi eaaeaeay ec i?eeeaaeiuo i?ia?aii a yoie IN
eiaao naie nianoaaiiue iieueciaaoaeueneee eioa?oaen, e o?aaoaony
aieueoay i?aeoeea aeey eo inaiaiey e i?iaeoeoeaiiai eniieueciaaiey a
n?aaea DOS.
Aa?ney 1.0 OS/2 auea auiouaia a 1987 aiaeo. Ia?aia ecaeaiea OS/2 eiaei
aaeeinoaaiiue, iaeaiueeee naain niaianoeiinoe n DOS – niaoeeaeueioth
aa?neth DOS aioo?e OS/2 – aeey caionea i?eeiaeaiee DOS ia?yaeo n
i?eeeaaeiuie i?ia?aiiaie OS/2. Yoa aa?ney OS/2 ia niaea?aeaea n?aaenoa
iiaeaea?aeee a?aoe/aneiai iieueciaaoaeueneiai eioa?oaena. Iaeiaei iia
i?aaeinoaaeyea aei 16I ICO aeey i?ia?aiiiiai iaania/aiey, iaienaiiiai
niaoeeaeueii aeey eniieueciaaiey a nenoaia OS/2.
Aa?ney 1.1 OS/2 a cia/eoaeueiie noaiaie iaiiieiaao aa?neth 1.0, e
eioi?ie aeiaaaeaii iiaia n?aaenoai, iacuaaaiia Presentation Manager e
iiyaeaoaany a iineaaeiai eaa?oaea 1988 aiaea. Ana aua iniauaiiay eeoue
iaaieueoei naainii niaianoeiinoe n DOS iia?aoeeiiiay nenoaia OS/2 1.1
auea oai ia iaiaa “oaoie/aneei /oaeii” e iicaieyea ?ac?aaio/eeai
i?ia?aiiiiai iaania/aiey aueoe ca i?aaeaeu ia?aie/aiee, iaeeaaeuaaaiuo
DOS, anee iie ia?aieooo naie i?ia?aiiu aeey iiaie IN. E niaeaeaieth,
aeey yoiai iaoiaeeeinue i/aiue iaei aeaeathueo.
A oi a?aiy, eiaaea oe?iu IBM e Microsoft auionoeee aa?neth OS/2 n
Presentation Manager, oe?ia IBM iioaeeeiaaea iaai? ?oeiaiaenoa e
noaiaea?oia, iacuaaaiuo A?oeoaeoo?ie i?eeeaaeiuo nenoai (SAA – System
Application Architecture), a ea/anoaa iiniaey aeey aeinoeaeaiey a
eiiiuethoa? iie i?iiuoeaiiinoe iaeioi?ie ia?u niaeaniaaiiinoe. A yoeo
?oeiaiaenoaao oe?ia IBM a ea/anoaa i?eia?a i?eaiaeeea nianoaaiiua
i?ia?aiiiua i?iaeoeou, a aeey oao, eiai yoe i?eia?u ia ono?aeaaee,
i?aaeeaaaea aeaiiua ?oeiaiaenoaa eae iaai? ?aeiiaiaeoaiuo ?ac?aaio/eeai
iaoiaeia, eioa?oaenia, ycueia i?ia?aiie?iaaiey e oaoieee i?iaeoe?iaaiey.
Oe?ia IBM ?ann/eouaaea, /oi niaeaniaaiiinoue i?ia?aiiiuo i?iaeoeoia
aoaeao iiiu?youe aieueoaa /enei iieueciaaoaeae e aieaa i?iaeoeoeaiiio e
?aciinoi?iiiaio eniieueciaaieth eiiiuethoa?ia e oai naiui einaaiii
niinianoaiaaoue aieaa oe?ieie i?iaeaaea aa i?ia?aiiiuo e aiia?aoiuo
n?aaenoa.
Oe?iu Microsoft e IBM i?enooieee oaeaea e ?aaioa ii ?anoe?aiiie
?aaeaeoeee OS/2. Iacaaiiay OS/2 AA 1.1, yoa niaoeeaeueiay aa?ney,
niaea?aeaea i?ia?aiio oi?aaeaiey iaiaiii aeaiiuo iaaeaeo aeaoiy
eiiiuethoa?aie, nenoaio oi?aaeaiey aacaie aeaiiuo ia iniiaa ycuea
no?oeoo?e?iaaiiuo cai?inia (SQL – Structured Query Language) –
noaiaea?oa aeey, o?aiaiey caienae – e niaoeeaeueiua n?aaenoaa aeey EAN.
Iau/iay aa?ney OS/2 noaea iacuaaoueny OS/2 Standard Edition (SE)-
noaiaea?oiie aa?neae.
A aeaeaa?a 1990 aiaea oe?iu Microsoft e IBM auionoeee aa?neth 1.3 OS/2 a
aieaa eiiiaeoiii eniieiaiee ii n?aaiaieth n ?aiieie aa?neyie. Iia
iieo/eea nie?auaiiia eiy OS/2 Lite. Aeey ii?iaeueiie ?aaiou OS/2 1.3
aeinoaoi/ii iauaia ICO 2I eee CI (oioy aeey iaoeiu, eniieuecoaiie a
ea/anoaa oaeeiaiai na?aa?a, iio?aaoaony iaiyoue aieueoaai iauaia). A
aa?nee 1.3 i?aaeeaaaeinue i/aiue iiiai aiciiaeiinoae aeey i?ia?aii, ia?a
aeaeaiiuo aeey OS/2, ii yoa aa?ney ana aua eiaea oieueei iaeei
iaaieueoie naain niaianoeiinoe n DOS. Yoa aa?ney OS/2 auea ?ac?aaioaia a
iniiaiii oneeeyie i?ia?aiienoia oe?iu IBM, /aai iaeuecy neacaoue i
i?aaeuaeoueo aa?neyo, aaea aeeaae oe?iu Microsoft aue cia/eoaeueiui.
OS/21.3 auea iaeaiueeie, auno?iaeaenoaothuae e iaaeaaeiie nenoaiie,
eiathuae ?acaeoua aiciiaeiinoe ia/aoe. Aaeeinoaaiiui’ aa iaaeinoaoeii
aue iaeaiueeee naain niaianoeiinoe n DOS.
Oe?ia IBM auionoeea aa?neth 2.0 OS/2 a ia?oa 1992 aiaea, a aa?neth 2.1
-a eiioea aaniu 1993 aiaea. Aa?ney 2.1 eiaao neaaeothuea iniiaiua
iniaaiiinoe:
i?inoay einoaeeyoeey n eniieueciaaieai a?aoe/aneiai iieueciaaoaeueneiai
eioa?oaena;
caueoa oeaeinoiinoe nenoaiu;
ae?ooaeueiay iaiyoue;
iiiaicaaea/iinoue e ieaie?iaaiea caaeaiee;
auno?ay 32 ?ac?yaeiay a?oeoaeoo?a;
auno?ue aeinooi e aeeneo;
niaianoeiinoue n DOS;
aieueoie iauai ICO, aeinooiiiai i?eeeaaeiui i?ia?aiiai a naainao DOS
(iau/ii 620E);
aiciiaeiinoue iaeiia?aiaiiiai eniieueciaaiey i?ia?aiiiiai iaania/aiey
OS/2, DOS, Windows 2.1,3.0 e 3.1;
ia?aeeaeueiua iiiaeanoaaiiua naainu DOS;
aunieii?iecaiaeeoaeueiay oaeeiaay nenoaia (HPFS – High Performance File
System);
a?aoe/aneee iieueciaaoaeueneee eioa?oaen nenoaiu Presentation Manager
(?I)
iauaeoii-i?eaioe?iaaiiay Iaiei/ea ?aai/aai ianoa (WPS – Work Place
Shell);
iiaeaea?aeea iaoeeiiaeueiuo ycueia (NLS – National Language Support);
eioa?aeoeaiay aeieoiaioe?iaaiiinoue e ye?aiu iiaeneacie;
aiciiaeiinoue ?aaiou OS/2 ia IBM-niaianoeiuo eiiiuethoa?ao 1
iiaeaea?aeea iiioey?iuo aeaeaiaaeaioa?ia oeia SVGA;
iiaeaea?aeea aeiiieieoaeueiuo i?eioa?ia;
iiaeaea?aeea iaeiieoaeae CD-ROM n eioa?oaenii SCSI;
iiaeaea?aeea oniaa?oainoaiaaiiiai iaoaiecia oi?aaeaiey nenoaiie ieoaiey
(A?I- Advanced Power Management);
iiaeaea?aeea ea?o ?anoe?aiey iaiyoe IE ii noaiaea?oo iaaeaeoia?iaeiie
i?aaiecaoeee PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card International
Association);
2.1 Iaci? a?oeoaeoo?u
Eiioeaioeey OS/2 LAN Manager auea ?ac?aaioaia oe?iie Microsoft. Ieiei 30
i?iecaiaeeoaeae ieiia/iiai iai?oaeiaaiey i?eia?aee eeoeaiceth: oaeea eae
Torus) 3Com, IBM DEC. Yoe oe?iu ?aaeeciaaee naie aa?nee yoiai i?iaeoeoa
e i?iaeatho eo iiae naiae oi?aiaie ia?eie: 3Com C+I?an, IBM OS/2 LAN
Server DEC PATHWORKS (aeey na?aa?ia ia iniiaa OS/2). Oe?ia Microsoft
?aaeeciaaea naith eiioeaioeeth a iaeiieiaiiii i?iaeoeoa OS/2 LAN
Manager.
A ea/anoaa aaciaie a LAN Manager eniieuecoaony iia?aoeeiiiay nenoaia
OS/2. N aa iiiiuueth ?aaecoaony iiiaicaaea/iue ?aaeei e ?aaioa n II aei
16 Iaaeo. A LAN Manager aeoeaii eniieuecoaony eyoe?iaaiea aeenea aeey
iiauoaiey i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe nenoaiu.
Na?aa?u iaauaeaeaiiua. Na?aa? ia/aoe iiaeao ?aaioaoue a oiiiaii ?aaeeia
ia ?aai/ae noaioeee. A oaeeo i?iaeoeoao, eae IBM PC LAN Program auee
aiaeiae/iua aiciiaeiinoe) ii oeaiie auee aieueoea cao?aou II e iaaunieay
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue. A LAN Manager neooaoeey eiay.
A OS/2 LAN Manager ?acaeoua n?aaenoaa neoaeau ia/aoe, Iiaeaea?aeeaathony
oae iacuaaaiua “eeannu” i?eioa?ia (caaeaiea ia ia/aoue iai?aaeyaony a
eeann e ia?aue inaiaiaeeaoeeny i?eioa? ec eeanna ianeoaeeaaao caaeaiea).
?acee/iui caaeaieyi iiaoo auoue i?enaiaiu ?acee/iua i?ei?eoaou ia/aoe,
iiaeii caieaie?iaaoue auiieiaiea caaeaiee a ii?aaeaeaiiia a?aiy nooie.
Aaeieieno?e?iaaiea i/a?aaeae ia/aoe aeeth/aao a naay i?iniio?,
oaeaeaiea; caaea?aeeo, aiciaiiaeaiea e eciaiaiea i?ei?eoaoa caaeaiee.
A OS/2 LAN Manager iicaieyao ?acaeaeyoue neiaieueiua ono?ienoaa
aaiaea/auaiaea, oaeea eae iiaeaiu, neaia?u e postscript-ono?ienoaa. E
yoei ono?ienoaai iiaeao auoue i?aaieciaai oaeaeaiiue aeinooi. Aeey
iiaeaea?aeee cia/eoaeueiiai /enea ?acaeaeyaiuo ono?ienoa a naoe auei
?anoe?aii iiiaeanoai eiai ono?ienoa: NII0-9, LPT0-9. Aeinooi e yoei
?acaeaeyaiui ono?ienoaai ?aaeaiaioe?oaony i?aaaie aeinooia.
Eioa?oaen NetBIOS caueuaiiiai ?aaeeia onoaiaaeeaaaony eae ae?aeaa?
ono?ienoaa a OS/2 e iiaeaea?aeeaaao iaeiia?aiaiioth ia?aaioeo iiiaeo
naoaauo cai?inia. E?iia oiai, iiaeii caa?oceoue ianeieueei NetBIOS
ae?aeaa?ia iaeiia?aiaiii aeey iiaeaea?aeee ianeieueeeo naoae aiciiaeii n
?acee/iui naoaaui iai?oaeiaaieai. Oaeei ia?acii ?aaeecothony iinoiaua
ooieoeee.
Iiiaeanoai noaeia i?ioieieia
Aaaeiui naienoaii ioe?uoie a?oeoaeoo?u OS/2 LAN Manager yaeyaony
aiciiaeiinoue iiaeaea?aeee ianeieueeeo noaeia i?ioieieia iaeiia?aiaiii.
?aaee?aeoi? iiaeao iai?aaeyoue iioie aeaiiuo a ethaie iiaeoeue
i?ioieiea, ?aaecothuaai ieaeiea o?iaie naoaaiai iaania/aiey. Yoe iiaeoee
ooieoeeiie?otho eae caueuaiiua caaea/e OS/2. Oaeia ooieoeeiie?iaaiea
iieiinoueth i?ic?a/ii aeey i?eeeaaeiiai naoaaiai o?iaiy e o?iaiy
i?aaenoaaeaiey.
Oaeei niiniaii a OS/2 LAN Manager yooaeoeaii ?aaeecothony iinoiaua e
oethciaua niaaeeiaiey.
Microsoft iinoaaeyao ni naiei i?iaeoeoii 3 naoaauo/o?ainii?oiuo o?iaiy:
NetBEUI, ISO/TP4 e TCP/IP. NetBEUI – yoi iacaaiea i?ioieiea
o?ainii?oiiai o?iaiy eniieuecoaiiai IBM a naoe Token Ring. O?/4 – yoi
iaai? i?ioieieia, aiiine?iaaiiuo ISO, e aeathueony i?eaeaeaoaeueiuie
aeey aa?iiaeneeo i?iecaiaeeoaeae, aaea ISO ea?aao aieaa cia/eoaeueioth
?ieue. TCP/IP – yoi Ethernet/UNIX i?ioieieu, noaiaea?oeciaaiiua
aia?eeaineei ieienoa?noaii iai?iiu.
Eiaaony ?acaeoay iiaeaea?aeea aeey i?ia?aiie?iaaiey ae?aeaa?ia naoaauo
ieao. Microsoft iaania/eaaao API (i?eeeaaeiie eioa?oaen iieueciaaoaey),
n iiiiuueth eioi?iai iiaeao auoue ?ac?aaioai iiaue o?iaaiue MAC, /oi
oi?iuaao caaea/o iiaeeeth/aiey iiaiai naoaaiai iai?oaeiaaiey.
A 3Com C+Open aue ?aaeeciaai oieueei noae i?ioieieia XNS (SPP e IDP
i?ioieieu). A na?aa?ao OS/2 naoe DEC PATHWORKS ?aaeeciaaiu noaee
i?ioieieia TCP/IP e DECnet.
A IBM OS/2 LAN Server iiaeaea?aeeaaaony 3 noaea i?ioieieia NetBEUI, APPC
LU6.2 e 3270 HLL API. Iineaaeiea 2 iaai?a i?ioieieia annioeee?othony n
aieueoeie iaoeiaie oe?iu IBM. APPC LU6.2 (Advanced program to program
communication) – yoi i?ioieieu acaeiiaeaenoaey i?ia?aiia-i?ia?aiia
naoaaie a?oeoaeoo?u SNA, aai aiciiaeiinoe aiaa/a 3270 HLL API, eioi?ue
iaania/eaaao ia?aaea/o oaeeia e yioeyoeeth oa?ieiaeia.
Eioa?oaenu i?eeeaaeiuo i?ia?aii (API) a OS/2 LAN Manager
Eiiaeiaoeey aiciiaeiinoae OS/2 e ?anoe?yaiuo i?ia?aiiiuo eioa?oaenia LAN
Manager i?aaenoaaeytho ?ac?aaio/eeai yooaeoeaiue e auno?ue niinia
nicaeaiey naoaauo i?eeiaeaiee. I?ia?aiienou iiaoo iieo/eoue aeinooi e
naoaaui ?ano?nai aac iaiaoiaeeiinoe eco/aiey aeaoaeae nanneiiiiai,
o?ainii?oiiai e naoaaiai o?iaiae.
Aeinooiiu aeaa iaai?a eioa?oaenia i?eeeaaeiuo i?ia?aii. Ai-ia?auo,
eioa?oaen aeey ioiineoaeueii ieceio?iaiaaiai ia?aiai?aaeaiey oaeeia e
neoaeau ia/aoe, eioi?ue niaianoei n aieaa ?aiieie SMB (Server Message
Block) MS-Net naoyie, Ai-aoi?uo, OS/2 iaania/eaaao ?acaeoue API aeey
oi?aaeaiey e ?aaiou n naoaauie ?ano?naie e oaeaeaiiiai
aaeieieno?e?iaaiey na?aa?ia.
OS/2 LAN Manager iicaieyao iieo/eoue aeinooi e naoe n ?aai/eo noaioeee,
?aaioathueo iiae oi?aaeaieai OS/2 e DOS. Nouanoaothuea naoe, iniiaaiiua
ia MS-Net, aianoa n eiathueieny a ieo noaiaea?oaie (oaeeie eae SMB,
NetBIOS e MS-Redirector) niaianoeiu n LAN Manager, oioy, eiia/ii,
iieo/atho aeinooi oieueei e iiaeiiiaeanoao aiciiaeiinoae LAN Manager.
N iiiiuueth ano?iaiiiai API oe?iu Microsoft iiaoo auoue nicaeaiu
neiaeiua ?ani?aaeaeaiiua i?eeiaeaiey “eeeaio-na?aa?”. N?aaenoaa IPC
(Interprocess communication – iaaei?ioeanniay naycue) n iiiiuueth
i?ia?aiiiuo eaiaeia (pipes), n?aaenoaa aaeieieno?e?iaaiey e
oi?aaeaiey aeinooia aeinooiiu eaaeaeiio n iiiiuueth iaeiiai naiaai
API-auciaa. Eniieueciaaiea noaiaea?oiuo API iicaieyao iiaui nicaeaaaaiui
naoaaui i?eeiaeaieyi aaoiiaoe/anee ?aniiciaaaoue e eniieueciaaoue
aeinooiiua naoaaua ?ano?nu e ii?aaeaeyoue ana aeeiaie/aneea eciaiaiey
ninoaaa ?ano?nia.
OS/2 SDK (Software Developer Kit) oe?iu Microsoft niaea?aeeo aeaoaeueiia
iienaiea i?ia?aiiiuo eioa?oaenia LAN Manager.
2.2 Oaeeiaay nenoaia OS/2
A i?ioeanna einoaeeyoeee OS/2 ia eiiiuethoa?a, i?aaeiacia/aiiii aeey
eniieueciaaiey a ea/anoaa oaeeiaiai na?aa?a, aai aoaeao caaeai aii?in:
i?aaeiieaaaaony ee eniieueciaaiea aunieii?iecaiaeeoaeueiie oaeeiaie
nenoaiu (HPFS – High Performance File System)? Aeey iaania/aiey
iaeneiaeueiie yooaeoeaiinoe au, aa?iyoiaa anaai, caoioeoa ioaaoeoue ia
yoio aii?in ooaa?aeeoaeueii. Anee au ioaaoeoa io?eoeaoaeueii, oi ia
oaeeiaii na?aa?a aoaeao i?eiaiyoueny oaeeiaay nenoaia DOS, ecaanoiay eae
FAT (File Allocation Table – Oaaeeoea ?aciauaiey oaeeia).
A nenoaia OS/2 i?aaeeaaaaony HPFS, niaoeeaeueii i?aaeiacia/aiiay aeey
?aaiou n iaeiieoaeyie ia aeanoeeo aeeneao. A ?acoeueoaoa nenoaia OS/2
iicaieyao iieo/eoue aieaa auno?ue aeinooi e oaeeai ?acaeaea HPFS, /ai
aeey oaeeia ?acaeaea FAT. Aeey aieueoeo oaeeia ?acieoea a
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe ia?iiia.
Aia OS/2 nenoaia DOS ia iiaeao ?aniiciaaaoue oaeeu ?acaeaea HPFS. Anee
nicaeaoue oaee n iiiiuueth oaenoiaiai ?aaeaeoi?a OS/2 ia iaeiieoaea n
?acaeaeii HPFS, a caoai ia?acaa?oceoue eiiiuethoa? aeey ia?aoiaea iiae
oi?aaeaiea DOS (n eniieueciaaieai nenoaiiie aeeneaou eee, aiciiaeii, n
eniieueciaaieai aiciiaeiinoe Dual Boot – aeaieiie caa?ocee, aeey
ia?aeeth/aiey io OS/2 e DOS), oi .nicaeaiiiai aaie oaeea ia aeanoeii
aeenea ia iaia?oaeeony. Nenoaia DOS eciaieo aoeaaiiua iaicia/aiey
aeeneia eiiiuethoa?a, a aeene HPFS noaiao iaaeaeeiui. Iaeiaei, anee
eniieueciaaoue DOS, ano?iaiioth a 08/2, oi i?eeeaaeiua i?ia?aiiu aeey
DOS niiaoo ?aaioaoue n oaeeaie a ?acaeaea HPFS.
Nenoaia HPFS i?aaeinoaaeyao aiciiaeiinoue eniieueciaaiey aeeeiiuo eiai
oaeeia (aei 254 neiaieia) e iicaieyao aeeth/aiea a eiaia i?iaaeia e
oi/ae, Eiiiuethoa?u iiae oi?aaeaieai OS/2 iiaoo aeaeaoue e
eniieueciaaoue yoe oaeeu, a eiiiuethoa?u iiae oi?aaeaieai DOS-
anoanoaaiii, iao.
A?oeoaeoo?a Eeeaio/Na?aa?
A nenoaiao LAN Manager e LAN Server eiathony i?ae?aniua aiciiaeiinoe
aeey i?eeiaeaiee oeia eeeaio/na?aa?. A aeaaa 4 auei i?iaaaeaii
?anniio?aiea a?oeoaeoo?u eeeaio/na?aa? e enneaaeiaaiu i?aeiouanoaa yoie
eiioeaioeee i?e nicaeaiee i?ia?aiiiiai iaania/aiey aeey i?eiaiaiee a
EAN.
I?inoay i?ia?aiie?oaiinoue yaeyaony aeaaiui naienoaii a?oeoaeoo?u
eeeaio/na?aa?, ia eioi?ia nnueathony a aeeneonneyo, naycaiiuo n naoaauie
IN ia aaca OS/2 LAN Manager e LAN Server. A ioee/ea io DOS nenoaia OS/2
eaaei i?ia?aiie?oaia. Eae LAN Manager, oae e LAN Server iiaoo
?acaeaeyoue naoaaua aaeaioa?u n ae?oaeie i?eeeaaeiuie i?ia?aiiaie
nenoaiu OS/2, ?aaioathueie ia oaeeiaii na?aa?a. Iia?aoeeiiiay nenoaia
OS/2 yaeyaony iiiaicaaea/iie nenoaiie, /oi icia/aao niiniaiinoue
iaeiia?aiaiiiai auiieiaiey ianeieueeeo eiiiuethoa?iuo i?ia?aii. Iaeiie
ec yoeo eiiiuethoa?iuo i?ia?aii, eiia/ii, yaeyaony naoaaay IN. Ae?oaie
i?ia?aiiie iiaeao auoue na?aa? aac aeaiiuo. A ?acoeueoaoa ?aai/ea
noaioeee iiaoo eniieueciaaoue aeiiieieoaeueiua iaeiieoaee,
i?aaeinoaaeyaiua naoaaie iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiie, a i?ia?aiienou eiatho
aiciiaeiinoue i?ia?aiie?iaaiey ?aai/eo noaioeee aeey iaiaia
niaoeeaeueiuie cai?inaie/ioaaoaie n oaeeiaui na?aa?ii (eee ae?oaei
eiiiuethoa?ii). Oeacai iuie cai?inaie eee ioaaoaie iiaoo auoue,
iai?eia?, eiiaiaeu SQL e naycaiiua n ieie caiene aacu aeaiiuo,
Nenoaia OS/2 i?aaeinoaaeyao a ?anii?yaeaiea i?ia?aiienoia eiaiiaaiiua
eaiaeu (named pipes). I?ia?aiienou iiaoo eioa?i?aoe?iaaoue yoe eaiaeu
eae oaeeu, ii a aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe eiaiiaaiiua eaiaeu niaea?aeao
niiauaiey. Yoe niiauaiey aeaeaeoony io ?aai/eo noaioeee e oaeeiaiio
na?aa?o. Ia oaeeiaii na?aa?a niaoeeaeueii iaienaiiay i?eeeaaeiay i?ia?ai
ia iiaeao auiieiyoue eaeoth-ieaoaeue eo ia?aaioeo e ioaa/aoue iineaaoei
eo ?aai/ei noaioeeyi oaeaea n iiiiuueth niiauaiee /a?ac eiaiiaaiiua
eaiaeu.
SQL-na?aa? yaeyaony i?iaeoeoii oe?iu Microsoft, iicaieythuei
i?ia?aiienoai nicaeaaae i?eeeaaeiua i?ia?aiiu n i?eiaiaieai a?oeoaeoo?u
eeeaio/na?aa?. SQL-na?aa? i?aaenoaaeyao “iaoeio” ?aeyoeeiiiie aacu
aeaiiuo, onoaiiaeaiioth a naoe ia eiiiuethoa?a iiae oi?aaeaieai OS/2.
I?ia?aiienou nicaeatho i?ia?aiiiia iaania/aiea, ia?aaeathuaa eiiaiaeu
SQL io ?aaie/o noaioeee na?aa?ai SQL. Na?aa?u SQL ioaa/atho ia yoe
cai?inu ia?aaea/ae o?aaoaiuo caienae ec aacu aeaiiuo, Iaeioi?ua nenoaiu
oi?aaeaiey aacaie aeaiiuo, oaeea eae FoxPro e Access oe?iu Microsoft,
Paradox oe?iu Borland, iiaoo ?aaioaoue n SQL-na?aa?ii, i?aaeinoaaeyy
aiciiaeiinoue n/eouaaoue eioi?iaoeeth e aiineoue eciaiaiey a aacao
aeaiiuo aac neiaeiiai i?ia?aiie?iaaiey e eco/aiey neioaenena eee eiiaiae
SQL,
Aua iaeiei i?iaeoeoii oeia eeeaio/na?aa? yaeyaony i?ia?aiia FileShare
oe?iu Saros. Yoio i?iaeoeo i?eiaiyaony aeey o?aiaiey eioi?iaoeee i
nicaeaiee e eniieueciaaiee oaeeia. (Anee a ioena eiathony ouny/e oaeeia
n aeieoiaioaie, oi iaiaoiaeeii eiaoue eioi?iaoeeth i oii, eoi nicaeae
yoe oaeeu, eiaaea iie auee nicaeaiu, e eoi yaeyaony ioaaonoaaiiui ca ieo
a ianoiyuaa a?aiy). I?iaeoeo FileShare i?aaeinoaaeyao oeaio?aeeciaaiiia
oi?aaeaiea aeinooiii e oaeeai, eiio?ieue aa?nee e ?aca?ae?iaaiea oaeeia,
Eioa?aniui i?eeiaeaieai a?oeoaeoo?u oeia eeeaio/na?aa? yaeyaony oaeaea
i?ia?aiia Notes oe?iu Lotus, i?aaeeaaathuay eioaeeaeooaeueioth. neoaeao
yeaeo?iiiie ii/ou i?eaioe?iaaiioth ia ?aai/oth a?oiio. Iia ?aaeecoao
yooaeoeaiia o?aiaiea e ecaea/aiea niiauaiee, a aa eiaeaeniua oaeeu
niaea?aeao eioi?iaoeeth ia aaoi?ao niiauaiee, eo oaiao, iieo/aoaeyo, e
o.i. I?ia?aiiiue i?iaeoeo Notes iniaaiii iieacai aeey oa??eoi?eaeueii
?acianai iuo i?aaiecaoeee, a eioi?uo ethaee ioaeaeathony a /anoii iaiaia
eioi?iaoeeae, ii ?aaioatho a ?acee/iuo /aniauo iiynao e eiatho
ianiaeaniaaiiua ?anienaiey eee noeeue ?aaiou. Aeey o?aiaiey aeaiiuo a
nenoaia Notes eniieuecoaony oeaio?aeueiue ia?niiaeueiue eiiiuethoa?.
I?e yoii ?aai/ea noaioeee a eieaeue iie naoe eee i?eniaaeeiaiiua /a?ac
aeiaaeueioth au/eneeoaeueioth naoue iiaoo acaeiiaeaenoaiaaoue n
oeaio?aeueiui eiiiuethoa?ii nenoaiu Notes.
2.3 Caueoa aeaiiuo a IN OS/2
Oaeeiaua na?aa?u e ?aai/ea noaioeee i?aaieciaaiu a iaeanoyo. Iaeanoueth
yaeyaony a?oiia oaeeiauo na?aa?ia e ?aai/eo noaioeee n aiaeiae/iuie
o?aaiaaieyie e caueoa aeaiiuo. A aieueoeo naoyo iiae oi?aaeaieai LAN
Manager eee LAN Server eiaaony aiciiaeiinoue onoaiiaee ianeieueeeo
iaeanoae. Iaeanoe i?aaeinoaaeytho i?inoie niinia aeey eiio?iey aeinooia
iieueciaaoaeae e naoe e naoaaui ?ano?nai. Iieueciaaoaeue naoe iiaeao
ca?aaeno?e?iaaoueny a ianeieueeeo iaeanoyo, ii i?eniaaeeiyoueny e naoe
ii iiaeao oieueei a eaeie-oi iaeiie ec yoeo iaeanoae.
A naoe iiae oi?aaeaieai LAN Manager eee LAN Server caueoa aeaiiuo ia
o?iaia iieueciaaoaey ninoieo ec eiio?iey i?e i?eniaaeeiaiee e naoe e
nenoaiu ?ac?aoaiee. Eaaeaeue ca?aaeno?e?iaaiiue iieueciaaoaeue eiaao
ia?ieue. Aeey aeinooia e naoe a ii?aaeaeaiiie iaeanoe iieueciaaoaeue
oeacuaaao naia eiy e ia?ieue. Naoaaie aaeieieno?aoi? iiaeao ia?aie/eoue
aeinooi iaeioi?ui iieueciaaoaeyi a ii?aaeaeaiiia a?aiy, a ii?aaeaeaiiua
aeie eee n ii?aaeaeaiiuo ?aai/eo noaioeee. Yoe ia?aie/aiey
onoaiaaeeaatho i?aaeaeu, a eioi?uo iieueciaaoaee eiatho i?aai aeinooia e
?acaeaeyaiui ?ano?nai. Naoaaie aaeieieno?aoi?, iai?eia?, iiaeao
nicaeaoue aee?aeoi?eth COMMON aeey iauaai aeinooia eee aee?aeoi?eth
UPDATE, niaea?aeauoth oaeeu, eioi?ua iiaoo iiaeeoeoee?iaaoue oieueei
ii?aaeaeaiiua iieueciaaoaee, a i?aaii /oaiey yoeo oaeeia iaeaaeatho ana
iieueciaaoaee. Au iiaeaoa i?enaieoue oaeeai e aee?aeoi?eyi neaaeothuea
?ac?aoaiey.
?ac?aoaiea Iienaiea
Niaia ao?eaooia Ioia/aao oaeeu eae oieueei aeey /oaiey eee aeey
/oaiey/caiene
Niaia ?ac?aoaiee I?aaeinoaaeyao eee ioiaiyao aeinooi ae?oaei
nio?oaeieeai
Nicaeaoue Nicaeaao oaeeu e aee?aeoi?ee
Oaeaeeoue Oaeaeyao oaeeu e aee?aeoi?ee (i?e iaee/ee niioaaonoaothuaai
?ac?aoaiey o iieueciaaoaey)
Auiieieoue Caioneaao auiieiaiea oaeeia n ?anoe?aieyie AOA, AAO eee NII,
ii ia i?iecaiaeeo /oaiey eee eiie?iaaiey yoeo oaeeia. Oieueei ?aai/ea
noaioeee iiae oi?aaeaieai DOS 5.0 (e auoa) eee OS/2 iiaoo ?aniiciaaaoue
yoi ?ac?aoaiea, eioi?ia yaeyaony ia?aie/aiiie aa?neae ?ac?aoaiey /oaiey.
I?i/eoaoue Iicaieyao /oaiea eee eiie?iaaiea oaeeia, caione i?ia?aii,
niaio iaeiie aee?aeoi?ee ia ae?oaoth e i?eiaiaiea ?anoe?aiiuo ao?eaooia
nenoaiu OS/2 aeey oaeeia.
Caienaoue Iicaieyao caienaoue oaee
?anniao?eaaaiua naoaaua iia?aoeeiiiua nenoaiu ia aaca OS/2 aeatho
aiciiaeiinoue eiio?iee?iaaoue aeinooi e eeaaeaoo?a e ye?aio oaeeiaiai
na?aa?a. A niaoeeaeueiii iaauaeaeaiiii ?aaeeia ?aaiou oaeeiaue na?aa?
iicaieyao iieueciaaoaeyi i?iniao?eaaoue e oi?aaeyoue i/a?aaeyie ia/aoe,
ii ia ?ac?aoaao eciaiyoue inaaaeiieiu ca?aaeno?e?iaaiiuo iieueciaaoaeae
eee ae?oaea aaeieieno?aoeaiua aeaiiua. Aeey aeinooia e ye?aiai n
aaeieieno?aoeaiuie aeaiiuie au aeieaeiu caaeaoue niaoeeaeueiue ia?ieue,
2.4 ?aaioa n LAN Manager e LAN Server
Eniieueciaaiea nenoaiu iaith
Nenoaia iaith naoaauo IN LAN Manager eee LAN Server iiyaeyaony i?e
eniieueciaaiee eiiaiaeu NET aac a?aoiaioia. Aaiae aeiiieieoaeueiuo
neiaieia iinea eiiiaeu NET yaeyeny aeey iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu i?eciaeii
eniieueciaaiey eioa?oaena eiiaiaeiie no?iee.
Nenoaia iaith LM/LS ?aaioaao a oaenoiaii, a ia a a?aoe/aneii ?aaeeia.
Oai ia iaiaa iia niioaaonoaoao ?aeiiaiaeaoeeyi CUA. Yoi cia/eo, /oi
eniieuecothony noaiaea?oiua eiiaeiaoeee eeaaeo eee ii?aaeaeaiiuo
aeaenoaee n iuoueth aeey acaeiiaeaenoaey n iaith naoaaie IN. CUA – yoi
nie?auaiiia iacaaiea noaiaea?oa Common User Access (Iauee
iieueciaaoaeueneee aeinooi), iaicia/athuaai /anoue ?aeiiaiaeoaiuo
noaiaea?oia oe?iu IBM aeey ia?aaioee eioi?iaoeee, iacuaaaiuo SAA (System
Application Architecture – A?oeoaeoo?a i?eeeaaeiuo nenoai).
Eaeiai i?ienoiaeaeaiea noaiaea?oa oe?iu IBM? ?aai/ay a?oiia yoie oe?iu
iio?aoeea aiaeu ia enneaaeiaaiea iieueciaaoaeueneeo eioa?oaenia. Aa
iaoiaeee a yoie iaeanoe ieacaeenue noiaeiuie n ?aoaieyie oe?iu Xerox a
Enneaaeiaaoaeueneii Oeaio?a Iaei Aeueoi (PARC) e oe?iu Apple, nicaeaaoae
eiiiuethoa? Macintosh. Oe?ia IBM iioaeeeiaaea yoe ?acoeueoaou a aeaea
i?aaeeaaaaiuo noaiaea?oia e iacaaea eo CUA. Iieiue iaai? noaiaea?oia
A?oeoaeoo?u i?eeeaaeiuo nenoai ioaaouaaao eiiioieeaoeee,
i?ia?aiie?iaaiea, eiino?oe?iaaiea aac aeaiiuo e iieueciaaoaeueneee
eioa?oaen.
Iaoiaeynue a nenoaia iaith naoaauo IN LAN Manager e LAN Server, iiaeii
auiieiyoue oa aea iia?aoeee, /oi e ec eiiaiaeiie no?iee DOS.
I?aaeinoaaeythony aiciiaeiinoe i?eniaaeeieoueny e nenoaia,
ioniaaeeieoueny io iaa, i?iecaanoe ia?aiacia/aiea naoaaiai i?eioa?a e
naoaauo aeeneia. Au iiaeaoa eciaieoue naie ia?ieue, ia?aaeaoue ei?ioeia
niiauaiea ae?oaiio i?eniaaeeieaoaiony e naoe iieueciaaoaeth,
i?iniio?aoue nienie oaeeiauo na?aa?ia, aeeneiauo iaeiieoaeae e i?eioa?ia
a EAN. ?oeiaiaenoaa, iinoaaeyaiua aianoa n naoaauie IN LAN Manager e LAN
Server, i?aaeinoaaeytho iieiua iooaaiaeeoaee ii nenoaiai iaith e
eiiaiaeiui no?ieai. Eioa?oaen eiiaiaeiie no?iee Iinea i?eia?aoaiey
iaeioi?iai iiuoa ?aaiou n naoaauie IN LAN Manager eee LAN Server,
aiciiaeii, iieaaeaony aieaa oaeiaiui eniieueciaaoue eiiaiaeiua no?iee
DOS i?e ?aaioa n ?aai/ae noaioeee eee eiiaiaeu OS/2 i?e ?aaioa ia
oaeeiaii na?aa?a. Aeey aaiaea naoaauo eiiaiae iaiaoiaeeii caionoeoue
i?ia?aiio NET n iaeioi?uie ia?aiao?aie. A oaaeeoea i?eaaaeaii iienaiea
iaeaieaa aaaeiuo e iaeaieaa /anoi eniieuecoaiuo aa?eaioia eiiaiaeu NET n
ia?aiao?aie, eioi?ua iiaeii eniieueciaaoue ia iau/iie eee oeo/oaiiie
?aai/ae noaioeee. .
Eiiaiaea aeey iau/iie ?aai/ae noaioeee Ooieoeey
LOAD Caa?oaeaao ?acee/iua naoaaua i?ioieieu
NET CONTINUE I?iaeieaeaao i?einoaiiaeaiiia ianeoaeeaaiea
NET HELP Auaiaeeo iiaeneaceo aeey eiiaiaeu
NET NAME I?enaaeaaao eiy eiiiuethoa?o
NET PAUSE I?einoaiaaeeaaao naycue n naoueth
NET PRINT Auaiaeeo i/a?aaeue caaeaiee ia/aoe eee ioi?aaeyao oaee ia
ia/aoue
NET START WORKSTATION Caioneaao naoue
NET USE Auaiaeeo ia ye?ai ?acaeaeyaiua ?ano?nu eee i?enaaeaaao aoeaaiiua
iaicia/aiey aeeneai eee eiaia iiaui ?acaeaeyaiui ?ano?nai
UNLOAD Aua?oaeaao naoaaie i?ioieie
Eiiaiaea aeey oeo/oaiiie ?aai/ae noaioeee Ooieoeey
LOAD Caa?oaeaao ?acee/iua naoaaua i?ioieieu
NET ACCESS I?iniao?eaaao ?ac?aoaiey aeiionea
NETCOPY Eiie?oao naoaaua oaeeu
NET HELP I?aaeinoaaeyao iiaeneaceo
NET LOGON I?eniaaeeiyao e naoe
NET LOGOFF Ioniaaeeiyao io naoe
NETPASWORD Eciaiyao ia?ieue
NET PRINT Eiio?iee?oao caaeaiey ia/aoe e inouanoaeyao ia/aoue oaeeia
NET START Caioneaao ?aai/oth noaioeeth e ii?aaeaeyao, n eaeeie ?aai/eie
noaioeeyie nouanoaotho niaaeeiaiey
NET TIME I?iecaiaeeo neio?iiecaoeeth /ania ?aai/eo noaioeee n /anaie
oaeeiaiai na?aa?a
NET USE Auaiaeeo ia ye?ai ?acaeaeyaiua ?ano?nu eee i?enaaeaaao aoeaaiiua
iaicia/aiey aeeneai eee eiaia iiaui ?acaeaeyaiui ?ano?nai
NET VIEW Auaiaeeo ia ye?ai nienie na?aa?ia e eo ?ano?nia
NET WHO Iieacuaaao nienie iieueciaaoaeae, i?eniaaeeiaiiuo e naoe
UNLOAD Aua?oaeaao naoaaie i?ioieie
Eniieueciaaiea naoaauo ooeeeo
A naoyo, ?aaioathueo iiae oi?aaeaieai IN LAN Manager e LAN Server, NET
auiieiyao aieueoeinoai aaeieieno?aoeaiuo ooieoeee, Oai ia iaiaa naoaaua
IN iaeaaeatho aeiiieieoaeueiui iaai?ii ooeeeo, eioi?ua iiaoo ieacaoueny
iieaciuie a ii?aaeaeaiiuo neooaoeeyo. Oeacaiiua i?ia?aiiiua n?aaenoaa
iicaieytho cai?ia?aiie?iaaoue aaoiiaoe/aneee caione a ii?aaeaeai iia
a?aiy nooie caaeaiiuo i?ia?aii eee eiiaiae, a oii /enea ?aca?aiia
eiie?iaaiea aaeieieno?aoeaiuo oaeeia a naoe (oaeeia, niaea?aeaueo ia?iee
e ?ac?aoaiey), ainnoaiiaeaiea yoeo oaeeia, i?iaa?eo oece/aneiai niaaee
iaiey n oaeaeaiiui eiiiuethoa?ii e auiieiaiea i?i/eo iia?aoeee a EAN.
I?eniaaeeiaiea e naoe
Aeey i?eniaaeeiaiey e naoe iaiaoiaeeii eniieueciaaoue eiiaiaeo NET
LOGON. Yoa eiiaiaea onoaiaaeeaaao inaaaeiiei iieueciaaoaey (ID), ia?ieue
e aeinooiioth ?aai/ae noaioeee iaeanoue (domain). Iinea i?eniaaeeiaiey
iiaeii eniieueciaaoue ?acaeaeyaiua ?ano?nu e a ae?oaeo iaeanoyo.
I?ioeaaeo?a i?eni aaeeiaiey e naoe iaiaoiaeeia oieueei i?e ?aaioa ia
oeo/oaiiie ?aai/ae noaioeee, a ia iau/iie ?aai/ae noaioeee aeinoaoi/ii
eiaoue ia?ieue aeey aeinooia e ?acaeaeyaiui ?ano?nai e iao
iaiaoiaeeiinoe a eniieueciaaiee inaaaeiieia.
Nenoaia oeene?oao neo/ae ianiioaaonoaey inaaaeiieia ia?ieth, oae /oi
anee i?e iiaoi?iie iiiuoea au aaaaeaoa iai?aaeeueiue ia?ieue, oi nenoaia
nianai cai?aoeo aeinooi a EAN iiae yoei inaaaeiieiii. A ?acoeueoaoa
i?eaeaony i?ineoue naoaaiai aaeieieno?aoi?a aiciaiiaeoue aao inaaaeiiei.
Oaeay ia?a i?aaeinoi?iaeiinoe i?ecaaia cao?oaeieoue aeinooi e EAN
iinoi?iiieo eeoe.
Ia?aiacia/aiea iaeiieoaeae a EAN
Aeey nicaeaiey noaiu aeinooia e naoaaui iaeiieoaeyi (ia?aiacia/aiey
naoaauo iaeiieoaeae iiauie neiaieaie) iaiaoiaeeii eniieueciaaoue
eiiaiaeo NET USE eee iaith i?ia?aiiu NET. A caaeneiinoe io oiai, eae
neiioeao ?e?iaai nenoaiiui aaeieieno?aoi?ii aeeneiaue iaeiieoaeue
oaeeiaiai na? aa?a, au, iiaeaoa eiaoue aeinooi ei anaio i?ino?ainoao
iaeiieoaey eee e ioaeaeueiie aee?aeoi?ee. Aaeieieno?aoi? naiinoiyoaeueii
ii?aaeaeyao, eaeea ?ano?nu oaeeiaiai na?aa?a iiaoo auoue ?acaeaeyaiuie.
I?e coii iaaiciiaeii n ?aai/ae noaioeee iaia?oaeeoue, /oi ?acaeaeyaiui
yaeyaony aanue aeene eee oieueei aai aee?aeoi?ey.
Ieaea i?eaaaeai i?eia? eiiaiaeu NET USE aeey onoaiiaeaiey a naoe
iaeiieoaey F. ?aiaa aaeieieno?aoi? naoe naeaeae ioaee/iui ?acaeaeyaiue
?ano?n, aaaaey aeey iaai eiy NORTHEAST ia na?aa?a n eiaiai \\SALES.
NET USE F: \\SALES\NORTEAST
Anee au eniieuecoaoa iau/ioth ?aai/oth noaioeeth, oi au iiaeaoa
aeiaaaeoue ia?ieue iinea eiaie ?ano?na eee eniieueciaaoue neiaie
caacaei/ee aianoi ia?iey. A iineaaeiai neo/aa nenoaia naia iio?aaoao
aaaaeaiey ia?iey. Eiia/ii, i?e aaiaea ia?ieue ia ioia?aaeaaony ia
ye?aia.
Aeey ioiaiu iacia/aiey iaeiieoaey iaiaoiaeeii oaeaea i?eiaieoue eiiaiaeo
NET USE. E oa aea eiiaiaea NET USE, ia?aiacia/athuay naoaaua aeenee,
i?aaeiacia/aia oaeaea aeey ia?aiai?aaeaiey i?eioa?a.
Oaia?ue, iinea i?ioeaaeo?u ia?aiacia/aiey naoaauo iaeiieoaeae aeey aaoae
?aai/ae noaioeee, iiaeii i?eiaiyoue, eae iau/ii, i?eeeaaeiua i?i a?aiiu.
I?e yoii aeey aaoeo i?eeeaaeiuo i?ia?aii noaiiayony aeinooiiu ie oaeeu
EAN, aeey eioi?uo au eiaaoa ?ac?aoaiea ia eniieueciaaiea. Anee au ia
iaeaaeaaoa aeaaea i?aaii /oaiey ii?aaeaeaiiiai oaeea, oi ii aoaeao
aiiaua iaaeinooiiui aeey aan. Eee iiaeii eiaoue i?aai /oaiey oaeea, ii
ia iaeaaeaoue i?aaii caiene a iaai. Yoi cia/eo, /oi o aan iao
aiciiaeiinoe caienaoue a iaai iiaua aeaiiua. A neo/aa iieo/aiey
no?aiiiai, n aaoae oi/ee c?aiey, niiauaiey i?e iiiuoea eniieueciaaiey
i?eeeaaeiie i?ia?aiiu, aai ioaeii ia?aoeoueny e nenoaiiiio
aaeieieno?aoi?o aeey auyniaiey, iaeaaeaaoa ee au anaie iaiaoiaeeiuie
i?aaaie e ?ac?aoaieyie aeey ?aaiou n yoie i?ia?aiiie.
Eniieueciaaiea ?aai/eo noaioeee
Iaeiie ec iaeaieaa nouanoaaiiuo i?e/ei, a neeo eioi?uo LAN Manager e LAN
Server ieacaeenue iaiaa iiioey?iuie, /ai naoaaay IN NetWare, yaeyaony
aieueoie iauai aeeneiaiai i?ino?ainoaa, o?aaoaiue aeey o?aiaiey
i?ia?aiiiuo e eiioeao?aoeeiiiuo oaeeia LM e LS. Iau/ii i?e ?aaioa n
NetWare, /oiau eiaoue aeinooi e oaeeiaiio na?aa?o, ioaeii o?aieoue ia
?aai/ae noaioeee io aeaoo aei oanoe iaaieueoeo oaeeia. I?e ?aaioa n LAN,
Manager eee LAN Server aeey oao aea oeaeae iaiaoiaeeii io 1I aei CI
aeeneiaiai i?ino?ainoaa ia ?aai/ae noaioeee. I?e ?aaioa a EAN iiae
oi?aaeaieai NetWare eaaei nicaeaoue caa?oaeaaioth aeeneaoo aeey
i?eniaaeeiaiey ?aai/ae noaioeee e naoe. A neo/aa LM eee LS yoi naeaeaoue
i?aeoe/anee iaaiciiaeii, oae eae o?aaoaony i/aiue aieueoia eiee/anoai
oaeeia ia aeeneaoa.
O?aaiaaiey e iauaio iaiyoe aeey i?ia?aiiiiai iaania/aiey ?aai/eo’
noaioeee iiae oi?aaeaieai LAN Manager e LAN Server oaeaea ai?acaei auoa,
/ai aeey ?aai/eo noaioeee, oi?aaeyaiuo IN NetWare. Yoe o?aaiaaiey
eciaiythony a caaeneiinoe io oeia naoaauo aaeaioa?ia e niioaaonoaothueo
i?ia?aiiiuo ae?aeaa?ia, ii iau/ii aeey LM eee LS iauai caieiaaiie iaiyoe
ninoaaeyao ieiei 90E. ?aai/ea noaioeee iiae oi?aaeaieai NetWare o?aaotho
oieueei io 50E aei 60E iaiyoe aeey naoaauo ae?aeaa?ia. I?e
eniieueciaaiee ?aai/eo noaioeee n iiaeaeyie i?ioeanni?ia 80386,80486 eee
Pentium au eiaaoa aiciiaeiinoue ainiieueciaaoueny iaiaaeaea?aie iaiyoe
aeey caa?ocee naoaaiai i?ia?aiiiiai iaania/aiey a aa?oithth iaeanoue
iaiyoe.
Naoaaay einoaeeyoeeiiiay i?ia?aiia eiie?oe ana iaiaoiaeeiua oaeeu ia
aeene aaoae ?aai/ae noaioeee e inouanoaeyao iaiaoiaeeiua iiaeeoeeaoeee
oaeeia CONFIG.SYS e AUTOEXEC.BAT aeey i?eniaaeeiaiey e EAN a i?i-
oeanna ia/aeueiie caa?ocee. Au oaeaea iiaeaoa aeeth/eoue no?iee n
eiiaiaeaie NET USE a niaoeeaeueiue eiiaiaeiue oaee aeey oiai, /oiau ia
aaiaeeoue eo caiiai eaaeaeue ?ac i?e ia/aeueiie caa?ocea.
Ia/aoue iiae oi?aaeaieai LAN Manager e LAN Server
Aeey ia?aiai?aaeaiey ?acaeaeyaiiai naoaaiai i?eioa?a oaeaea
eniieuecoaony eiiaiaea NET USE. Naoaaie aaeieieno?aoi? i?enaaeaaao eiy
naoaaiio i?eioa?o oi/ii oaeei aea niiniaii, eae ii yoi aeaeaao n
ae?oaeie naoaauie ?ano?naie. Iai?eia?, aaeieieno?aoi? iiaeao onoaiiaeoue
i?eioa? n eiaiai HP_LASER ia na?aa?a SALES. A yoii neo/aa eiiaiaeiay
no?iea NET USE aeey auaiaea ia ia/aoue aoaeao auaeyaeaoue neaaeothuei
ia?acii:
NET USE LPT1: \\SALES\HP_LASER
Iinea yoiai i?e eiie?iaaiee oaeea ia ono?ienoai LPT1 eee i?e ia/aoe ec
iaeiie ec i?eeeaaeiuo i?ia?aii naoaaay IN nicaeaao caaeaiea aeey ia/aoe,
Caaeaiea aeey ia/aoe iiiauaaony a i/a?aaeue ia/aoe ia na?aa?a e
?ania/aou aaaony, eiaaea aeey iaai inaiaiaeeony i?eioa?,
2.5 N?aaieoaeueiue aiaeec LAN Manager e LAN Server
I?e nicaeaiee LAN Manager e LAN Server i?ia?aiienou oe?iu IBM a Inoeia e
i?ia?aiienou Microsoft a ?aaeiiiaea ?aaioaee a ieioiii eiioaeoa. Yoe
naoaaua IN eniieuecotho i?aeoe/anee eaeaioe/iia i?ia?aiiiia iaania/aiea.
N ianeieueeeie ia?aie/aieyie e iaeioi?uie iaiai?eaie, i eioi?uo aoaeao
neacaii a neaaeothuai ?acaeaea, au iiaeaoa onoaiiaeoue LAN Manager e LAN
Server a iaeiie EAN oae, /oi ?aai/ea noaioeee aoaeoo naycaiu n iaaeie
oeiaie oaeeiauo na?aa?ia.
Iaa naoaaua IN eiatho a naiae iniiaa i?aeoe/anee iaeeiaeiaue
iieueciaaoaeueneee eioa?oaen, ii/oe iaeeiaeiai ?aaioatho ia aiaeiae/iuo
aiia?aoiuo n?aaenoaao i?e iaeeiaeiaie caa?ocea e i?aaeinoaaeytho
noiaeiua aiciiaeiinoe. Yoe aiciiaeiinoe aeeth/atho HPFS, i?inoioo
i?ia?aiie?iaaiey e iaeanoe iieueciaaoaeae.
Naoaaua IN LAN Manager e LAN Server iiaeaea?aeeaatho ia?yaeo n ?aai/eie
noaioeeyie iiae oi?aaeaieai DOS e OS/2 oaeaea e ?aai/ea noaioeee
Macintosh.
OS/2 LAN Manager v.2.0
Ia?aua aa?nee iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu LAN Manager ?ac?aaioaea eiiiaiey
Microsoft, iaeiaei eo aei?aaioeaie e i?iaeaaeae caieiaeenue oe?iu 3Com,
IBM e NCR Aa?ney 2.0 -yoi ia?aay aa?ney nenoaiu LAN Manager, eioi?oth
eiiiaiey Microsoft i?iaeaao naia, i?e/ai eiiiaiey n/eoaao, oi yoa
nenoaia, nicaeaiiay ia aaca OS/2, aeieaeia nua?aoue caiaoioth ?ieue a
?acaeoee EAN. Anee o/eouaaoue a?iiaaeiue aaoi?eoao eiiiaiee Microsoft,
oi aiieia aiciiaeii, /oi ni a?aiaiai yoe iaaeaaeaeu eiiiaiee
ii?aaaeathony, iaeiaei a ianoiyuaa a?aiy aieueoeo oniaoia ia aeaeii.
LAN Manager 2.0 o?aaoao ai?acaei aieueoa aieinoe iaiyoe ?aai/ae noaioeee
e ?aaioaao iaaeinoaoi/ii auno?i a n?aaiaiee ni iiiaeie ae?oaeie naoaauie
IN. A eaaeaeie ?aai/ae noaioeee nenoaia caieiaao 158 Eaaeo, oae /oi au
iiaeaoa ieacaoueny ia a ninoiyiee auiieiyoue iaeioi?ua ?aceaeaioiua
i?ia?aiiu. E?iia oiai, eaaeaeue IE aeieaeai onooieoue nenoaia 4Iaaeo
aeeneiaiai i?ino?ainoaa, oae /oi au ia niiaeaoa aoiaeeoue a nenoaio n
IE, iniauaiiiai oieueei iaeiieoaeyie ia aeaeeo iaaieoiuo aeeneao.
Nenoaia ia i?aaeoniao?eaaao iiaeaea?aeeo eiiiuethoa?ia Macintosh;
?aai/ea noaioeee, ia eiathuea aeeneiaie iaiyoe, iiaeii iiaeeeth/aoue
oieueei i?e iiiiue aiia?aoiuo n?aaenoa naoe n ia?ea?iui aeinooiii (TRN),
a oi a?aiy eae aeey aieueoeinoaa EAN noaiaea?oii yaeyaony oeia Ethernet.
Nenoaia i?aaeinoaaeyao eeoue ia?aie/aiiua aiciiaeiinoe ?acaeaeaiey oaeeo
?ano?nia, eae i?eioa?u, iiaeaiu e aiaoiyy iaiyoue. Oieueei ?aai/ea
noaioeee, aeaenoaothuea iiae oi?aaeaieai OS/2 iiaoo eieeaeoeaii
eniieueciaaoue naie iaeiieoaee, i?eioa?u, eiiioieeaoeeiiiua ono?ienoaa.
Ea/anoai aaeieieno?aoeaiuo n?aaenoa ieaea n?aaeiaai. Au iiaeaoa
eniieueciaaoue aaeieieno?aoeaiia iaith oieueei ia ?aai/ae noaioeee,
iniauaiiie OS/2, a i?ioeaiii neo/aa aai i?aaeinoaaeyaony oieueei
eiiaiaeiay no?iea.
OS/2 LAN SERVER
Iaeaieaa oniaoii eiioeaioeey OS/2 LAN Manager ?acaeaaaony ia oe?ia IBM.
Ae?oaea oe?iu ia i?inoi eniieuecotho ?ac?aaioaiiua oe?iie Microsoft
n?aaenoaa, a ?acaeaatho eo. aeino?aeaay iaiaoiaeeiuie aiciiaeiinoyie.
*aua anaai i?aaeiaoii ia?aniio?a yaeyaony o?ainii?oiay iiaenenoaia. A
i?iaeoeo onoaiaaeeaathony ae?oaea noaee i?ioieieia, iaania/eaay eo
niioaaonoaea ?acaeaaaiui ia oe?ia naoaaui a?oeoaeoo?ai.
Oae, IBM naeaeaea aiciiaeiui ?aaioo OS/2 LAN Server 2.0 ia oieueei n
i?ioieieaie NetBEUI, ii e n LU 6.2 A??N e 3270 HLLAPI, eioi?ua
annioeee?othony n aieueoeie eiiiuethoa?aie oe?iu IBM (IBM 370) ES 9370,
ES 9000 e ae?.). Iiaeaea?aeea a OS/2 LAN Server oe?iaiiie naoaaie
a?oeoaeoo?u IBM – SNA (System Network Architecture) naeaeaea aiciiaeiui
eaaeia eioaa?e?iaaiea naoae ia?niiaeueiuo eiiiuethoa?ia n SNA-naoyie.
Oaeei ia?acii, oe?ieea aiciiaeiinoe aiia?aoiiai iiaeeeth/aiey
(i?aeoe/anee ana eiiiuethoa?u oe?iu IBM eiatho aiciiaeiinoue
iiaeeeth/aiey e naoe Token Ring) auee aeiiieiaiu niioaaonoaothuae
i?ia?aiiiie iiaeaea?aeeie e IBM a i/a?aaeiie ?ac iiaeoaa?aeeea naith
?aiooaoeeth oe?iu, i?aaeeaaathuae eiiieaeniua ?aoaiey aeey iino?iaiey
eioaa?e?iaaiiuo nenoai.
E?iia oiai, aaoi?aie auea ia i?aeoeea i?iaa?aia aiciiaeiinoue niaianoiie
?aaiou OS/2 LAN Server 2,0 n ae?oaeie naoaauie i?iaeoeoaie, a ia?aoth
i/a?aaeue n IBM PC LAN Program. Ianeiaeiui ieacaeinue eae i?aaieciaaoue
aeinooi ?aai/ae noaioeee IBM PC LAN Program e ?ano?nai IBM OS/2 LAN
Server (oaeeiaui, ia/aoe), oae e aeinooi ?aai/ae noaioeee OS/2 LAN
Requester e ?ano?nai na?aa?a IBM PC LAN Program (iai?eia?, ia/aoe). Aac
cao?oaeiaiee auea ?aoaia e caaea/a niaianoiie ?aaiou II naoaauo
i?iaeoeoia oe?iu IBM e Novell NetWare 3.11, oae /oi n iaeiie ?aai/ae
noaioeee) ooieoeeiie?othuae iiae oi?aaeaieai DOS, auee aeaeiu oaeeiaua
?ano?nu (naoaaua ono?ienoaa) eae na?aa?a IBM PC LAN Program e OS/2 LAN
Server, oae e Novell NetWare v.3.11.
A ea/anoaa ioaeaeueiuo i?iaeoeoia IBM i?aaeeaaaao TCP/IP for DOS v.1.2 e
TCP/IP for OS/2 v.1.0, Iineaaeiee ?aaeeciaai eae aeiiieieoaeueiue noae
i?ioieieia e iiaeao ?aaioaoue niaianoii n II IBM OS/2 LAN Server. Oae,
aaoi?aie auea i?iaa?aia aiciiaeiinoue oaeie niaianoiie ?aaiou e n
?aai/ae noaioeee PS/2, ia eioi?ie ooieoeeiie?iaae TCP/IP for DOS
?aaeinue oniaoii iaiaieaaoueny oaeeaie n PS/2 n einoaeee?iaaiiui ia iai
TCP/IP for OS/2, eniieuecoy n?aaenoaa FTP (File Transfer Protocol), i?e
yoii ia oii aea eiiiuethoa?a auei onoaiiaeaii II OS/2 LAN Requester,
o.a. ii yaeyeny ?aai/ae noaioeeae a naoe OS/2 LAN Server.
A iaiaeie noaiaie oaeie aeaeinoe OS/2 LAN Server niinianoaiaaea
eiioeaioeey IBM, ninoiyuay a eciee?iaaiee naoaaiai II iaiin?aaenoaaiii
io naoaaie aiia?aoo?u n iiiiuueth o.i, LAN Support Program (aoiaeeo a
iinoaaeo OS/2 LAN Server. Yoi n?aaenoai iicaieyao ?acaeaeyoue iaeei
naoaaie aaeaioa? ianeieueeeie naoaauie i?ioieieaie. Iiaeaea?aeeaathony
ana oe?iaiiua aaeaioa?u IBM (Token Ring, Etherand (Ethernet),
Baseband,…). Yoio iiaeoiae aee i?eiaiai oaea a IBM PC LAN Program.
Ae?oaea oe?iu iioee ii noiaeaio iooe, oae iicaeiaa oe?ia Novell noaea
eniieueciaaoue aeey oie aea oeaee ODI-ae?aeaa?u.
E iaaeinoaoeai OS/2 LAN Server V.2.0, eae e ei anai i?iaeoeoai,
iino?iaiiui ia iniiaa LAN Manager, neaaeoao ioianoe /?acia?ioth
“ethaiaue” na?aa?a e iia?aoeaiie iaiyoe (ia iaiaa 5 Iaaeo,
?aeiiaiaeoaony 9 Iaaeo).
E iieiaeeoaeueiui iiiaioai, aia anyeiai niiiaiee, neaaeoao ioianoe
aiciiaeiinoue oaeaeaiiiai caionea i?ia?aii (eae e a LAN Manager) e
eniieueciaaiea a 1 naoe SQL-na?aa?a ia oieueei ia iniiaa
OS/2-eiiiuethoa?a, ii e aieaa iiuiuo n?aaenoa, iai?eia?, nenoaiu IBM
AS/400.
A ianoiyuaa a?aiy iiyaeeny iiaue i?iaeoeo IBM OS/2 LAN Server 3.0, a
eioi?ii oeo/oaiu oa?aeoa?enoeee aai i?aaeoanoaaiieea. Oae, naoaaie
ye?aiiue eioa?oaen ia OS/2-eiiiuethoa?ao auiieiai a ?aieao Presentation
Manager. E iniiaiui aeinoieinoaai iiaiai i?iaeoeoa, aeey ?aaiou eioi?iai
o?aaoaony 386 eee 486 i?ioeanni?, ianiiiaiii ioiinyony:
Aiciiaeiinoue OS/2 ?aai/ei noaioeeyi acaeiiaeaenoaiaaoue iaaeaeo niaie
eae eiiiuethoa?u a iaeii?aiaiaie naoe – ?acaeaeyy e eniieuecoy oaeeu,
i?eioa?u e iineaaeiaaoaeueiua ono?ienoaa ae?oa-ae?oaa aac ?aaioathuaai
na?aa?a !
Iaauaeaeaiiue na?aa? n aiciiaeiinoueth caionea ia iai DOS, Windows e
OS/2 i?eeiaeaiee iaeiia?aiaiii.
Iiaeaea?aeea aieaa 16 IA iia?aoeaiie iaiyoe ia i?ioeanni?ao 80386,80486.
Iiaeaea?aeea aeiiaiia a naoe.
Eniieueciaaiea aunieii?iecaiaeeoaeueiie oaeeiaie nenoaiu HPFS.
Iaee/ea n?aaenoa ca?eaeueiiai ioia?aaeaiey (mirroring) e
aeoieaene?iaaiey (duplexing) aeeneia.
Aiciiaeiinoue oaeaeaiiie caa?ocee DOS, Windows e OS/2 ?aai/eo noaioeee.
Eiiiiiaioa DOS LAN Requester Virtual Device Driver iicaieyao
DOS-ipeeoaeeieyi, caioneaaiui ec-iiae OS/2, acaeiiaeaenoaiaaoue n
naoueth, ia caa?oaeay naoaaiai i?ia?aiiiiai iaania/aiey aeey ?aai/ae
noaioeee – DOS LAN Requester.
Ninouanoaiaaiea a iaeiie naoe n NetWare, OS/2 e DOS ?aai/ea noaioeee
iiaoo iaeiia?aiaiii acaeiiaeaenoaiaaoue n na?aa?aie NetWare e OS/2 LAN
Server.
Ninouanoaiaaiea a iaeiie naoe aeiiaiia OS/2 LAN Server v.l.3, V.2.0 e
V.3.0; a oaeaea niaianoiay ?aaioa n Microsoft OS/2 LAN Manager 2.1.
?anoe?aiiay iiaeaea?aeea iaaenaoaauo acaeiiaeaenoaee, a /anoiinoe)
aeey niaianoeiinoe n TCP/IP naoyie, iaeaou NetBIOS iiaoo
ia?o?ooece?iaaoueny aei TCP/IP niaaeeiaieth.
Iiaeaea?aeea eiiiuethoa?ia Macintosh.
Aiciiaeiinoue eniieueciaaiey a ea/anoaa na?aa?a iiiaii?ioeanni?iiai
eiiiuethoa?a PS/2 Server 295.
Aiaeec ?acee/ee iaaeaeo LM e LS
Iano?ieoue nenoaio LAN Server aeey aieaa yooaeoeaiie i?aaiecaoeee aa
?aaiou a niioaaonoaee n ia?aaaouaaaiie eioi?iaoeeae iiaeii n iiiiuueth
iaueiiaaiiiai oaenoiaiai ?aaeaeoi?a, iiaeeoeoee?oy oaeeu CONFIG.SYS e
IBMLAN.INI A nenoaia LAN Manager eiaaony n?aaenoai aaoiiiaeno?ieee,
eioi?ia eiio?iee?oao aeaenoaey oaeeiaiai na?aa?a e aaoiiaoe/anee ino
uanoaeyao iiaeeoeeaoeee a eieoeeaeece?othueo oaeeao. *oiau yoe eciaia
iey anooieee a neeo iaiaoiaeeii a?aiy io a?aiaie aueeth/aoue e niiaa
caioneaoue oaee-na?aa?.
Ae?oaie ioee/eoaeueiie /a?oie nenoaiu LAN Manager yaeyaony caiiieiaiea
naoaauo naycae. Iieueciaaoaee i?e i/a?aaeiii i?eniaaeeiaiee e EAN
aaoiiaoe/anee aoaeoo eiaoue oa aea nayce, /oi a iineaaeiai naaina. Yoo
naienoai iiaeii ?ac?aoeoue eee ioiaieoue n iiiiuueth iioeee /PERSISTENT=
eiiaiaeu NET USE. Oaeaea eiaaony aiciiaeiinoue caiiieiaiey naoaauo
naycae iooai aeiaaaeaiey eiiaiaeiuo no?ie a oaee LANMAN.INI.
A?oeoaeoo?a i?ioieieia ii o?aaiaaieth (DPA – Demand Protocol
Architecture) yaeyaony oa?aeoa?enoeeie, eioi?oth oe?ia Microsoft
caeinoaiaaea o oe?iu 3Com. Yoa eiiiaiey eoieea o oe?iu Microsoft
eeoeaiceth ia nenoaio LAN Manager e ianeieueei oeo/oeea yoo nenoaio, ii
oe?ia 3Com ia niiaea i?iaeaoue cia/eoaeueiiai /enea eiiee yoie
oeo/oaiiie aa?nee LM. Eiaaea iia ?aoeea inoaaeoue iiiuoee ia?ai?iaeaaee
oeo/oaiiie aa?nee i?ia?aiiiiai iaania/aiey, oe?ia Microsoft aueoieea
ia?aoii eeoeaiceth o oe?iu 3Com. A iaueo /a?oao, nenoaia DPA iicaieyao
aeeiaie/anee caa?oaeaoue e aua?oaeaoue iaai? i?ioieieia. DPA iiaeii
eniieueciaaoue aeey yieciaee/aneiai aeinooia e oaeeiaiio na?aa?o iiae
oi?aaeaieai NetWare. A yoii neo/aa nenoaia DPA a?aiaiii caa?oceo ia
?aai/ae noaioeee i?ia?aiiiia iaania/aiea IPX e NETX naoaaie IN NetWare.
Ii ieii/aiee naaina nayce n oaeeiaui na?aa?ii iiae oi?aaeaieai NetWare
nenoaia DPA inaiaiaeeo iaeanoe iaiyoe, eniieueciaaiiua aeey ?aciauaiey
IPX e NETX. Iaeiaei a iianaaeiaaiie aeayoaeueiinoe iieueciaaoaeyi naoe n
oaeeiauie na?aa?aie, oi?aaeyaiuie LAN Manager eee NetWare, o?aaoaony ia
oieueei a?aiaiiue aeinooi e iaaei oeiai na?aa?ia. Iiyoiio oioy nenoaia
DPA i?aaenoaaeyao oaoie/aneia ?aoaiea, aai a?yae ee iiaeii n/eoaoue
aiieia iieaciui e i?aeoe/iui. A nenoaia LAN Manager eiaaony
niaoeeaeueiia n?aaenoai, iacuaaaiia NetWare Connectivity, iicaieythuaa
eaaei iieo/aoue iaeiia?aiaiiue aeinooi eae e oaeeiaiio na?aa?o iiae
oi?aaeaieai LAN Manager, oae e e oaeeiaiio na?aa?o iiae oi?aaeaieai
NetWare.
Nenoaia LAN Manager oaeaea i?aaeinoaaeyao n?aaenoai aeey
aeenoaioeeiiiiai aaeieieno?e?iaaiey. Anee au iaeaaeaaoa i?eaeeaaeyie
aaeieieno?aoi?a, au iiaeaoa i?eieiaoue eee eneeth/aoue iieueciaaoaeae e
auiieiyoue ae?oaea aaeieieno?aoeaiua caaea/e n ethaie ?aai/ae noaioeee,
oi?aaeyaiie OS/2, eee oeo/oaiiie ?aai/ae noaioeee iiae oi?aaeaieai LAN
Manager. Oaeei ia?acii, aeey auiieiaiey aaeieieno?aoeaiuo ooieoeee iao
iaiaoiaeeiinoe iaycaoaeueii iaoiaeeoueny o oaeeiaiai na?aa?a.
Nenoaia LAN Manager eiaao n?aaenoai onoaiiaeaiey ia?iey aeey ia?aie/aiey
aeinooia e ?acaeaeyaiui ?ano?no eee ono?ienoao. Yoiai naienoaa iao a
nenoaia LAN Server.
Iaa nenoaiu, LAN Manager e LAN Server, eniieuecotho eiioeaioeee caueoa
aeaiiuo iin?aaenoaii iaeanoae e ia?ieae aeey aeinooia e naoe, ii
ianeieueei ?acee/iuie iooyie. Iiyoiio anee aai caoi/aony eniieueciaaoue
LAN Manager e LAN Server a iaeiie e oie aea naoe, oi aai i?eaeaony
i?aaieciaaoue ?acaeaeueiua iaeanoe aeey eaaeaeie ec yoeo naoaauo IN. A
iaeiie ec yoeo . iaeanoae ana oaeeiaua na?aa?u aeieaeiu aoaeoo ?aaioaoue
iiae oi?aaeaieai. LAN Manager, a a ae?oaie – iiae oi?aaeaieai LAN
Server. I?e yoii, anee ?aai/ay noaioeey a iaeanoe iiae eiio?ieai LAN
Server iuoaaony iieo/eoue aeinooi a iaeanoue eiio?iey LAN Manager, oi
i?aaeaa?eoaeueii iaiaoiaeeii oaaaeeoueny a oii, /oi iia auea
i?eniaaeeiaia e naoe a iaeanoe, oi?aaeyaiie LAN Server. I?e ?aaioa n
?aai/eie noaioeeyie ec iaeanoe LAN Manager oaeie i?iaeaiu ia nouanoaoao.
A nenoaia LAN Server aeey ?acaeaeyaiuo ?ano?nia iiaeii i?eiaiyoue
nie?auaiiua eiaia, a a nenoaia LAN Manager oaeie aiciiaeiinoe iao. A
yoie nenoaia ioaeii eniieueciaaoue iieiua eiaia ?acaeaeyaiuo ?ano?nia.
I?aaeiieiaeei, /oi a nenoaia LAN Server e eiiiuethoa?o n eiaiai
PRODUCTION, iiaeeeth/ai ?acaeaeyaiue i?eioa? n nie?auaiiui eiaiai
REPORTS. Iieiia eiy ?acaeaeyaiiai i?eioa?a anoue \\PRODUC TION\PRINTERI.
Oaeei ia?acii, ?aai/ay noaioeey, oi?aaeyaiay nenoaiie LAN Server,
iiaeao ?acaeaeyoue ono?ienoai REPORTS, a ?aai/ay noaioeey, oi?aaeyaiay
nenoaiie LAN Manager, aeey aeinooia e yoiio ono?ienoao aeieaeia aoaeao
eniieueciaaoue aai iieiia eiy \\PRODUNTION\PRINTER1.
Nenoaiu LAN Manager e LAN Server oi?ioi ?aaioatho niaianoii a EAN Token
Ring, ii ia niaiauathony eaeaaeueii a EAN EtherNet. I?e ?aaioa a EAN
EtherNet, aiciiaeii, iiiaaeiaeony eciaieoue eiioeao?aoeee iaaeo naoaauo
IN. Aeaei a oii, /oi nenoaia LAN Server iiaeaea?aeeaaao i?ioieie
DIX (Digital Intel Xerox) aa?nee 2.0 e i?ioieie IEEE 802.3, a LAN
Manager ia iiaeaea?aeeaaao i?ioieie DIX. Iiyoiio, /oiau i?e ?aaioa a EAN
EtherNet ?aai/ea noaioeee iiaee eniieueciaaoue iaa oeia na?aa?ia, .
iaiaoiaeeii ia?aeeth/eoue iaa nenoaiu, LM e LS, ia eniieueciaaiea
i?ioieiea IEEE 802.3.
Nenoaia LAN Manager- yoi 16-?ac?yaeiia i?ia?aiiiia iaania/aiea, a oi
a?aiy eae LAN Server yaeyaony 32-?ac?yaeiuie. Oaeei ia?acii,
oai?aoe/anee iineaaeiea aeaa i?ia?aiiiuo i?iaeoeoa aieueoa iiaeoiaeyo
aeey eniieueciaaiey a nia?aiaiiuo eiiiuethoa?ao, iniauaiiuo
32-?ac?yaeiuie i?ioeanni?aie, E a naiii aeaea, naoaaay IN LAN Server
eiaao oi?iooth i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue, a aio IN Windows NT eniieuecoao
oaeoth a?oeoaeoo?o iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu, eioi?ay eciee?oao naoaaia
i?ia?aiiiia iaania/aiea io naoaaiai aaeaioa?a neeoeii iiiaeie neiyie
i?iiaaeooi/iiai i?ia?aiiiiai iaania/aiey. A ?acoeueoaoa, niaeanii
aeaiiui i i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe, iioaeeeiaaiiui a aeo?iaeao PC Week e PC
Magazine, Windows NT AS iaaeeaiiaa naoaauo IN NetWare eee LAN Server.
Kpoie ooao,Windows NT AS caieiaeo aoeueoe iecoa ia aeecee e a’ iaiyoe,
/ai LAN Manager eee LAN Server. A ianoiyuaa a?aiy oe?ia Microsoft
?aaioaao iaae oai, /oiau naeaeaoue Windows NT AS aieaa auno?ie e
eiiiaeoiie naoaaie IN.
Neaaeothuay aa?ney naoaaie IN LAN Server
Oe?ia IAI i?aaeinoaaeea oa?aeoa?enoeee iiaie naoaaie IN. Nenoaia LAN
Server 4.0 aoaeao eiaoue a?aoe/aneee eioa?oaen aianoi oaenoiaiai
eioa?oaena aieaa ?aiieo aa?nee. Oe?ia IBM i?aaeiieaaaao niaaaeeoue LS
4.0 eo/oae nenoaiie caueou aeaiiuo, /ai i?aaeuaeouea aa?nee, e
i?aaeinoaaeoue nenoaiiiio aaeieieno?aoi?o aiciiaeiinoue iaaethaeaiey e
oi?aaeaiey iiiaeanoaii iaeanoae naoe n iaeiie ?aai/ae noaioeee. LS 4.0
aoaeao eioaa?e?iaaoue i?ioieieu o?ainii?oiiai o?iaiy TCP/IP e NetBIOS.
Oe?ia IBM oaeaea i?aaeiieaaaao ia?aienaoue eieae ?oeiaiaenoa ii nenoaia
e i?aaeinoaaeoue eo ia eiiiaeo-aeeneao. A oeaeii, i?aaeiieaaaaony
iaeaa/eoue i?ioeaaeo?o einoaeeyoeee e eniieueciaaiey IN LS 4.0,
oiaiueoeoue o?aaoaiua aeey aa ?aaiou iauaiu aeeneiaiai i?ino?ainoaa e
ICO. Oaeaea i?aaeiieaaaaony cia/eoaeueii oeo/oeoue eniieueciaaiea iaiyoe
aeey eeeaioia DOS/Windows.
A i?ioeaiiieiaeiinoue Windows NT AS, nenoaia LAN Server 4.0, aa?iyoii,
ia aoaeao eiaoue n?aaenoaa BrowseMaster. A oi a?aiy eae oe?ia Microsoft
n/eoaao, /oi iieueciaaoaee aeieaeiu eiaoue aiciiaeiinoue naiei aua?aoue
ioaeiua ei ?acaeaeyaiua ?ano?nu, oe?ia IBM iieaaaao, /oi a oeaeyo caueou
aeaiiuo oieueei aaeieieno?aoi? naoe aeieaeai iacia/aoue aeenee eee
i?eioa?u, eioi?ua i?aaeiieaaaaony ?acaeaeyoue a naoe, e iieueciaaoaee
iiaoo ?aaioaoue oieueei n yoeie ono?ienoaaie. Eae oaea oiiieiaeinue
?aiaa a yoie aeaaa, n?aaenoai aeey i?iniio?a ?ano?nia naoe oe?iu
Microsoft (BrowseMaster) iicaieyao eaaei i?eniaaeeiyoue ?aai/ea noaioeee
e ?acaeaeyaiui ?ano?nai. Yoi n?aaenoai eaaeaony iieaciui e oaeiaiui,
iaeiaei a aeaenoaeoaeueiinoe iii iiaeao oaeaea aeinoaaeyoue iaoaeianoaa,
eiaaea iieueciaaoaee caauaatho eaeea aoeaaiiua iaicia/aiey eniieueciaaiu
aeey ia?aiacia/aiiuo aee?aeoi?ee ia oaeeiaii na?aa?a. I?eiaiaiea yoiai
n?aaenoaa ia ?aai/ae noaioeee aeey i?iniio?a ?ano?nia oaeaea iiaeao
i?eaanoe e en/a?iaieth /enea eiiaiae NetBIOS e aeinooiiuo naainia
NetBIOS.
Aeaaa 3.
Aiaeec aiciiaeiinoae IN Windows NT AS
Iniiaa ethaie eiiiuethoa?iie naoe – naoaaay iia?aoeeiiiay nenoaia (NIN).
Iia?aoeeiiiay nenoaia Windows NT eiiiaiee Microsoft – iaeia ec iaeaieaa
?ani?ino?aiaiiuo 32-?ac?yaeiuo naoaauo IN, ?aaioathuay eae ia
eiiiuethoa?ao Intel, oae e ia aiia?aoiuo ieaooi?iao DEC Alpha, MIPS R400
e PowerPC.
Aacen Windows NT – aa na?aa?iay /anoue, i?ia?aiiiue i?iaeoeo Windows NT
Server, Ii a ia?aoth i/a?aaeue i?aaeiacia/ai aeey oi?aaeaiey naoaauie
?ano?naie. ?yae aeinoieinoa, i eioi?uo aoaeao ?anneacaii aeaeaa, aeaeaao
aai yooaeoeaiui na?aa?ii i?eeiaeaiee, ii aeaaiia ninoieo a oii, /oi
i?eeiaeaiey, auiieiyaiua ia iai, oi?ioi eciee?iaaiu ae?oa io ae?oaa. Yoi
i?eaeaao naoaaui ?aoaieyi, iino?iaiiui ia aaca Windows NT, aunieoth
iaaeaaeiinoue e onoie/eainoue a ?aaioa.
Ae?oaie aaaeiie /anoueth nenoaiu Windows NT yaeyaony Windows NT
Workstation. Yoio eiiiiiaio yaeyaony ?aai/ei ianoii eeeaioa. Windows NT
Workstation ianao ana eo/oea /a?ou, i?enouea Windows NT Server. Neaaeoao
ioiaoeoue, /oi a ea/anoaa eeeaioa Windows NT Server iiaoo oaeaea
aunooiaoue: Windows C.x, Windows 95, MS DOS, OS/2, POSIX
Iiaeii ioiaoeoue neaaeothuea iniaaiiinoe, i?enouea NIN Windows NT:
i?ei?eoaoiay iiiaicaaea/iinoue – auaiaeii ioee/aao Windows NT io Windows
C.o e Windows 95. Oaeie ?aaeei ?aaiou yae?a nenoaiu iaania/eaaao aa
aunieoth onoie/eainoue e “/anoiia” ?acaeaeaiea a?aiaie i?ioeanni?a
iaaeaeo caaea/aie;
noaiaiue caueou eioi?iaoeee e ?aaeei nae?aoiinoe – ioaa/atho noaiaea?oo
N2 NOA, /oi yaeyaony aeinoaoi/iui a iiaeaaeythuai aieueoeinoaa neo/aaa;
iiiaiiioi/iinoue – iicaieyao i?eeiaeaieyi, ?ac?aaioaiiui ii?aaeaeaiiui
ia?acii, auiieiyoue iaeiia?aiaiii ianeieueei naieo i?ioeannia;
iiaeaea?aeea ioeueoei?ioeanni?iuo nenoai (i?e yoii iiaeeeth/aiea
aeiiieieoaeueiuo i?ioeanni?ia ia o?aaoao ia?aaaia?aoeee Windows NT) –
iiiaea i?eeiaeaiey aeey Windows NT, i eioi?uo aeaeaa iieaeao ?a/ue,
oaeaea eniieuecotho ana i?ioeanni?u eiiiuethoa?a;
aiciiaeiinoue eniieiaiey i?eeiaeaiee ae?oaeo iia?aoeeiiiuo nenoai
(Windows 3.o, MS-DOS, iaa?aoe/aneea 16-?ac?yaeiua i?eeiaeaiey aeey OS/2,
POSIX-i?eeiaeaiey) – oi?iuaao ia?aoiae ia Windows NT ec ae?oaeo
iia?aoeeiiiuo n?aae;
iiaeaea?aeea ?acee/iuo oaeeiauo nenoai – NTFS (Windows NT), FAT (DOS) e
HPFS (OS/2) – oi?iuaao eioaa?aoeeth n nouanoaothueie nenoaiaie.
3.1 Iaci? a?oeoaeoo?u
A?oeoaeoo?iua iiaeoee Windows NT
Windows NT i?aaenoaaeyao ec naay iiaeoeueioth (aieaa niaa?oaiioth, /ai
iiiieeoiay) iia?aoeeiiioth nenoaio, eioi?ay ninoieo ec ioaeaeueiuo
acaeiinaycaiiuo ioiineoaeueii i?inouo iiaeoeae. Iniiaiuie iiaeoeyie
Windows NT yaeythony (ia?a/eneaiu a ii?yaeea neaaeiaaiey io ieaeiaai
o?iaiy a?oeoaeoo?u e aa?oiaio): o?iaaiue aiia?aoiuo aano?aeoeee HAL
(Hardware Abstraction Layer), yae?i (Kernel), eniieiythuay nenoaia
(Executive), caueuaiiua iiaenenoaiu (protected sybsystems) e iiaenenoaiu
n?aaeu (environment subsystems).
E?aoeia iienaiea iiaeoeueiie no?oeoo?u Windows NT i?aaenoaaeaii a
neaaeothuai ?acaeaea. Aeaeueiaeoee iaoa?eae aeaau iinayuai aeaoaeueiiio
?anniio?aieth eaaeaeiai ec eiiiiiaioia Windows NT, ia/eiay n o?iaiy
aiia?aoiuo aano?aeoeee HAL, eioi?ue ?aniieaaaaony iaaeaeo aiia?aoiuie
n?aaenoaaie eiiiuethoa?a e inoaeueiie /anoueth iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu.
O?iaaiue aiia?aoiuo aano?aeoeee ae?ooaeece?oao aiia?aoiua eioa?oaenu,
iaania/eaay oai naiui iacaaeneiinoue inoaeueiie /anoe iia?aoeeiiiie
nenoaiu io eiie?aoiuo aiia?aoiuo iniaaiiinoae. Iiaeiaiue iiaeoiae
iicaieyao iaania/eoue eaaeoth ia?aiineiinoue Windows NT n iaeiie
aiia?aoiie ieaooi?iu ia ae?oaoth. ssae?i yaeyaony iniiaie iiaeoeueiiai
no?iaiey nenoaiu e eii?aeeie?oao auiieiaiea aieueoeinoaa aaciauo
iia?aoeee Windows NT. Yoio eiiiiiaio niaoeeaeueiui ia?acii iioeiece?iaai
ii caieiaaiiio iauaio e yooaeoeaiinoe ooieoeeiie?iaaiey. ssae?i ioaa/aao
ca ieaie?iaaiea auiieiaiey iioieia, neio?iiecaoeeth ?aaiou ianeieueeeo
i?ioeanni?ia, ia?aaioeo aiia?aoiuo i?a?uaaiee e eneeth/eoaeueiuo
neooaoeee.
Eniieiythuay nenoaia aeeth/aao a naie ninoaa iaai? i?ia?aiiiuo
eiino?oeoeee i?eaeeaae?iaaiiiai ?aaeeia (kernel-mode), i?aaeinoaaeythueo
aaciaue na?aen iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu iiaenenoaiai n?aaeu. Eniieiythuay
nenoaia ninoieo ec ianeieueeeo eiiiiiaioia; eaaeaeay ec ieo
i?aaeiacia/aia aeey iiaeaea?aeee ii?aaeaeaiiiai nenoaiiiai na?aena. Oae,
iaeia ec eiiiiiaio – iiieoi? aaciianiinoe (Security Reference Monitor)
-ooieoeeiie?oao niaianoii n caueuaiiuie iiaenenoaiaie e iaania/eaaao
?aaeecaoeeth iiaeaee aaciianiinoe nenoaiu.
Iiaenenoaiu n?aaeu i?aaenoaaeytho niaie caueuaiiua na?aa?u
iieueciaaoaeueneiai ?aaeeia (user-mode), eioi?ua iaania/eaatho
auiieiaiea e iiaeaea?aeeo i?eeiaeaiee, ?ac?aaioaiiuo aeey ?acee/iiai
iia?aoeeiiiiai ie?oaeaiey (?acee/iuo iia?aoeeiiiuo nenoai). I?eia?ii
iiaenenoai n?aaeu iiaoo neoaeeoue iiaenenoaiu Win32 e OS/2.
O?iaaiue aiia?aoiuo aano?aeoeee
O?iaaiue aiia?aoiuo aano?aeoeee (HAL) i?aaenoaaeyao niaie nicaeaaaaiue
i?iecaiaeeoaeyie aiia?aoiuo n?aaenoa neie i?ia?aiiiiai iaania/aiey,
eioi?ue ne?uaaao (eee aano?aae?oao), iniaaiiinoe e ?acee/ey aiia?aoo?u
io aa?oieo o?iaiae iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu. Oaeei ia?acii, aeaaiaea?y
iaania/eaaaiiio IALii oeeueo?o, ?acee/iua aiia?aoiua n?aaenoaa auaeyaeyo
aiaeiae/ii n oi/ee c?aiey iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu; nieiaaony
iaiaoiaeeiinoue niaoeeaeueiie iiaeno?ieee iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu iiae
eniieuecoaiia iai?oaeiaaiea.
I?e nicaeaiee o?iaiy aiia?aoiuo aano?aeoeee noaaeeanue caaea/a
iiaeaioiaee i?ioeaaeo?, eioi?ua iicaieyee au aaeeinoaaiiiio ae?aeaa?o
eiie?aoiiai ono?ienoaa iiaeaea?aeeaaoue ooieoeeiie?iaaiea yoiai
ono?ienoaa aeey anao ieaooi?i. HAL i?eaioe?iaai ia aieueoia /enei
?aciiaeaeiinoae aiia?aoiuo ieaooi?i n iaeiii?ioeanni?iie a?oeoaeoo?ie;
oaeei ia?acii, aeey eaaeaeiai ec aiia?aoiuo aa?eaioia ia o?aaoaony
ioaeaeueiie aa?nee iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu.
I?ioeaaeo?u HAL aucuaathony eae n?aaenoaaie iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu
(aeeth/ay yae?i), oae e ae?aeaa?aie ono?ienoa. I?e ?aaioa n ae?aeaa?aie
ono?ienoa o?iaaiue aiia?aoiuo aano?aeoeee iaania/eaaao iiaeaea?aeeo
?acee/iuo oaoiieiaee aaiaea-auaiaea (aianoi o?aaeeoeeiiiie i?eaioaoeee
ia ?iaeioth aiia?aoioth ?aaeecaoeeth eee o?aaothuae cia/eoaeueiuo cao?ao
aaeaioaoeee iiae eaaeaeoth iiaoth aiia?aoioth ieaooi?io).
O?iaaiue aiia?aoiuo aano?aeoeee iicaieyao oaeaea «n?uaaoue» io
inoaeueiuo o?iaiae iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu iniaaiiinoe aiia?aoiie
?aaeecaoeee neiiao?e/iuo ioeueoei?ioeanni?iuo nenoai.
ssae?i (Kernel) yaeyaony «na?aeoeai» Windows NT e ?aaioaao a oaniii
eiioaeoa n o?iaiai aiia?aoiuo aano?aeoeee. Yoio iiaeoeue, a ia?aoth
i/a?aaeue, caieiaaony ieaie?iaaieai aeaenoaee eiiiuethoa?iiai
i?ioeanni?a. A neo/aa anee eiiiuethoa? niaea?aeeo ianeieueei
i?ioeanni?ia, yae?i neio?iiece?oao eo ?aaioo n oeaeueth aeinoeaeaiey
iaeneiaeueiie i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe nenoaiu.
ssae?i inouanoaeyao aeeniao/a?ecaoeeth ieoae oi?aaeaiey (threads,
eiiaaea iacuaathony iiaecaaea/aie, ioaaoaeaieyie eee iioieaie), eioi?ua
yaeythony iniiaiuie iauaeoaie a ieaie?oaiie nenoaia. Ieoe oi?aaeaiey
ii?aaeaeythony a eiioaenoa i?ioeanna; i?ioeann aeeth/aao aae?aniia
i?ino?ainoai, iaai? aeinooiiuo i?ioeanno iauaeoia e niaieoiiinoue
auiieiyaiuo a eiioaenoa i?ioeanna iaoae oi?aaeaiey. Iauaeoaie yaeythony
oi?aaeyaiua iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiie ?ano?nu.
ssae?i i?iecaiaeeo aeeniao/a?ecaoeeth ieoae oi?aaeaiey oaeei ia?acii,
/oiau iaeneiaeueii caa?oceoue i?ioeanni?u nenoaiu e iaania/ue
ia?aii/a?aaeioth ia?aaioeo ieoae n aieaa aunieei i?ei?eoaoii. (Anaai
nouanoaoao 32 cia/aiey i?ei?eoaoa, eioi?ua na?oiie?iaaiu a aeaa eeanna
i?ei?eoaoia: real-lime e variable). Iiaeiaiue iiaeoiae iicaieyao
aeinoe/ue iaeneiaeueiie yooaeoeaiinoe iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu.
Iiaeeiiiiiaiou eniieiythuae nenoaiu, oaeea eae aeeniao/a? aaiaea-auaiaea
e aeeniao/a? i?ioeannia, eniieuecotho yae?i aeey neio?iiecaoeee
aeaenoaee. Iie oaeaea acaeiiaeaenoaotho n yae?ii aeey aieaa aunieeo
o?iaiae aano?aeoeee, iacuaaaiuo iauaeoaie yae?a; iaeioi?ua ec yoeo
iauaeoia yenii?oe?othony aioo?e iieueciaaoaeueneeo auciaia eioa?oaena
i?eeeaaeiuo i?ia?aii (API).
ssae?i oi?aaeyao aeaoiy oeiaie iauaeoia:
Iauaeou aeeniao/a?ecaoeey (dispatcher objects) oa?aeoa?ecothony
neaiaeueiui ninoiyieai (signaled eee nonsignaled) e oi?aaeytho
aeeniao/a?ecaoeeae e neio?iiecaoeeae nenoaiiuo iia?aoeee. Yoe iauaeou
aeeth/atho niauoey, iooaiou, iooyenu, naiaoi?u, ieoe oi?aaeaiey e
oaeia?u (events, mutants, mutexes, semaphores, threads, timers).
Oi?aaeythuea iauaeou (control objects) eniieuecothony aeey iia?aoeee
oi?aaeaiey yae?a, ii ia aicaeaenoaotho ia aeeniao/a?ecaoeeth eee
neio?iiecaoeeth. Oi?aaeythuea iauaeou aeeth/atho a naay aneio?iiiua
auciau i?ioeaaeo?, i?a?uaaiey, oaaaeiieaiey e ninoiyee enoi/eea ieoaiey,
i?ioeannu e i?ioeee (asynchronous procedure calls, interrupts, power
notifies, power statuses, processes, profiles).
A iniiaiii, yae?i ia iaania/eaaao i?iaaaeaiea a aeeciue eaeie-eeai
iieeoeee, o. e. ca yoi ioaa/aao eniieiythuay nenoaia. Iaeiaei yae?i
i?iecaiaeeo oi?ie?iaaiea iieeoeee ii ia?aiauaieth i?ioeannia ec iaiyoa.
ssae?i auiieiyaony iieiinoueth a i?eaeeaae?iaaiiii ?aaeeia e
iaia?aiauaaii (nonpagable) a iaiyoe. I?ia?aiiiia iaania/aiea yae?a ia
yaeyaony aua?oaeaaiui (preemptible), i, neaaeiaaoaeueii, aeey iaai ia
iiaeao i?iecaiaeeoueny ia?aeeth/aiea eiioaenoa (context-switched):
aieueoay /anoue i?ia?aiiiiai iaania/aiey aia yae?a ii/oa anaaaea iiaeao
auoue e?oaeaia e eniieuecoao ia?aeeth/aiea eiioaenoa.
ssae?i iiaeao auiieiyoueny iaeiia?aiaiii ia anao i?ioeanni?ao a
ioeueoei?ioeanni?iie eiioeao?aoeee, niioaaonoaothuei ia?acii
neio?iiece?oy aeinooi e e?eoe/aneei iaeanoyi.
O?aoueei e iaeaieaa neiaeiui iiaeoeai, auiieiythueiny a
i?eaeeaae?iaaiiii ?aaeeia, yaeyaony eniieiythuay nenoaia..
Eniieiythuay nenoaia Windows NT
Eniieiythuay nenoaia (Executive), a ninoaa eioi?ie aoiaeyo yae?i e
o?iaaiue aiia?aoiuo aano?aeoeee HAL, iaania/eaaao iauee na?aen nenoaiu,
eioi?ue iiaoo eniieueciaaoue ana iiaenenoaiu n?aaeu. Eaaeaeay a?oiia
na?aena iaoiaeeony iie oi?aaeaieai iaeiie ec ioaeaeueiuo ninoaaeythueo
eniieiythuae nenoaiu:
aeeniao/a?a iauaeoia (Object Manager):
aeeniao/a?a ae?ooaeueiie iaiyoe (Virtual Memory Manager};
aeeniao/a?a i?ioeannia (Process Manager)
n?aaenoa auciaa eieaeueiuo i?ioeaaeo? (Local Procedure Call Facility);
aeeniao/a?a aaiaea-auaiaea (I/O Manager);
iiieoi?a aaciianiinoe (Security Reference Monitor). Iiieoi? aaciianiinoe
niaianoii n i?ioeannii aoiaea a nenoaio (Logon) e caueuaiiuie
iiaenenoaiaie ?aaeecoao iiaeaeue aaciianiinoe Windows NT.
Aa?oiee o?iaaiue eniieiythuae nenoaiu iacuaaaony nenoaiiui na?aenii
(System Services). Nenoaiiue na?aen i?aaenoaaeyao niaie eioa?oaen
iaaeaeo iiaenenoaiaie n?aaeu iieueciaaoaeueneiai ?aaeeia e
i?eaeeaae?iaaiiui ?aaeeiii. Iineaaeothuea ?acaeaeu iienuaatho iacia/aiea
eaaeaeie ninoaaeythuae eniieiythuae nenoaiu.
Aeeniao/a? iauaeoia
Iauaeoaie yaeythony ioaeaeueiua yeaiaiou a?aiaie auiieiaiey, eiathuea
iauaeoiue oei; oi?aaeaiea yoeie yeaiaioaie iiaoo i?iecaiaeeoue i?ioeannu
iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu. Oei iauaeoa aeeth/aao ii?aaeaeaiiue nenoaiie oei
aeaiiuo, nienie iia?aoeee, eioi?ua iiaoo auiieiyoueny iaae iei
(iai?eia?, wait, create eee cancel), e iaai? ao?eaooia iauaeoa.
Aeeniao/a? iauaeoia yaeyaony /anoueth eniieiythuae nenoaiu Windows NT e
iaania/eaaao oiioeoee?iaai-iua i?aaeea o?aiaiey, eiaiiaaiey e
aaciianiinoe iauaeoia.
I?aaeaea /ai i?ioeann niiaeao oi?aaeyoue iauaeoii Windows NT, ii
aeieaeai iieo/eoue iienaoaeue iauaeoia (object handle) /a?ac aeeniao/a?
iauaeoia. Iienaoaeue iauaeoia aeeth/aao eioi?iaoeeth oi?aaeaiey
aeinooiii e iaiin?aaenoaaiii oeacaoaeue ia iauaeo. Ana iienaoaee
iauaeoia nicaeathony /a?ac aeeniao/a? iauaeoia.
A nayce n iinoiyiiui ?acaeoeai e niaa?oainoaiaaieai oaoiieiaee,
aeeniao/a? iauaeoia, eae e ae?oaea eiiiiiaiou Windows NT, iiaeao auoue
?anoe?ai ca n/ao ii?aaeaeaiey iiauo oeiia iauaeoia.
E?iia oiai, aeeniao/a? iauaeoia oi?aaeyao aeiaaeueiui i?ino?ainoaii eiai
(namespace) aeey Windows NT e neaaeeo ca nicaeaieai e eniieueciaaieai
iauaeoia ethaui i?ioeannii. I?ino?ainoai aae?ania eniieuecoaony aeey
aeinooia ei anai eiaiiaaiiui iauaeoai, eioi?ua niaea?aeaony a eieaeueiie
eiiiuethoa?iie n?aaea. Ieaea i?aaenoaaeai nienie iauaeoia, eioi?ua iiaoo
eiaoue eiaia:
iauaeou eaoaeiaa (directory objects);
iauaeou oeia iauaeoa (object type objects):
neiaiee/aneea iauaeou nayce (symbolic link objects);
iauaeou naiaoi?a e niauoey (semaphore objects, event objects);
iauaeou i?ioeanna e ieoae o?aaeaiey (process objects, thread objects);
iauaeou ?acaeaea e naaiaioa (section objects, segment objects);
iauaeou ii?oa (port objects);
iauaeou oaeea (File objects).
I?ino?ainoai eiai iauaeoia ii naiae i?aaiecaoeee iiaeiaii ea?a?oee
oaeeiaie nenoaiu, aeey eioi?ie eiaia eaoaeiaa a iooe ioaeaeythony
ia?aoiie iaeeiiiie /a?oie (\). Caienue eiaie iauaeoa a iiaeiaiie oi?ia
iiaeii iaaethaeaoue iinea aeaieiith uae/ea eiiieie iuoe ia eaeii-eeai
yeaiaioa a Event Viewer.
Aeeniao/a? i?ioeannia
Aeeniao/a? i?ioeannia — eiiiiiaio, eioi?ue ioneaaeeaaao aeaa oeia
iauaeoia; iauaeou i?ioeanna e iauaeou ieoae i?aaeaiey. I?ioeann
ii?aaeaeyaony eae aae?aniia i?ino?ainoai, iaai? aeinooiiuo i?ioeanno
iauaeoia e niaieoiiinoue auiieiyaiuo a eiioaenoa i?ioeanna ieoae
oi?aaeaiey. Ieoue oi?aaeaiey (thread) yaeyaony iniiaiui oi?aaeyaiui
yeaiaioii a nenoaia. Iia eiaao nianoaaiiue iaai? ?aaeno?ia, nianoaaiiue
noae yae?a, aeie n?aaeu ieoe e noae iieueciaaoaey a aae?aniii
i?ino?ainoaa i?ioeanna.
Aeeniao/a? i?ioeannia — eiiiiiaio Windows NT, eioi?ue oi?aaeye
nicaeaieai e caaa?oaieai i?ioeannia. Ii iaania/eaaao iaai? noaiaea?oiuo
oneoa ii nicaeaieth e eniieueciaaieth ieoae oi?aaeaiey e i?ioeannia a
eiioaenoa niaoeeoe/aneie n?aaeu iiaenenoaiu. E?iia oiai, aeeniao/a?
i?ioeannia a iaeioi?ie noaiaie aeeeooao i?aaea aeey ieoae e i?ioeannia.
Aeiiieieoaeueii, Windows NT iicaieyao iiaenenoaiai n?aaeu ii?aaeaeyoue
aeey ieo niaoeeoe/aneea i?aaioa.
Aeeniao/a? i?ioeannia ia iaeaaaao eaeeo-eeai o?aaiaaiee ii ea?a?oee eee
a?oiie?iaea aeey i?ioeannia, a oaeaea ia ii?aaeaeyao ioiioaiee
ii?iaeaeaiiinoe.
Iiaeaeue i?ioeannia Windows NT ?aaioaao niaianoii n iiaeaeueth
aaciianiinoe e aeeniao/a?ii ae?ooaeueiie iaiyoe aeey iaania/aiey
aaciianiinoe i?ioeannia. Eaaeaeiio i?ioeanno iacia/aaony ia?ea?
aaciianiiai aeinooia (security access token), iacuaaaiue ia?ae/iui
ia?ea?ii i?ioeanna. Yoio ia?ea? eniieuecoaony i?ioeaaeo?aie i?iaa?ee
i?aaeeueiinoe aeinooia Windows NT, eiaaea ieoe oi?aaeaiey i?ioeanna
nnueathony ia caueuaiiua iauaeou.
Aeeniao/a? ae?ooaeueiie iaiyoe
A?oeoaeoo?a iaiyoe aeey Windows NT iniiaaia ia eniieueciaaiee
iiaeea/eaaaiie ii cai?ino ae?ooaeueiie iaiyoe nenoaiu e ieineii,
eeiaeiii aae?aniii i?ino?ainoaa n 32-?ac?yaeiui aeinooiii.
Ae?ooaeueiay iaiyoue (virtual memory) iicaieyao iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaia
oi?aaeyoue aieueoei iauaiii iaiyoe, /ai oio iauai, eioi?ue eiiiuethoa?
oece/anee niaea?aeeo. Eaaeaeue i?ioeann ?aciauaaony a oieeaeueiii
ae?ooaeueiii aae?aniii i?ino?ainoaa, eioi?ia i?aaenoaaeyao niaie iaai?
aae?ania, aeinooiiuo aeey eniieueciaaiey ieoyie oi?aaeaiey i?ioeanna.
Yoi ae?ooaeueiia aae?aniia i?ino?ainoai ?acaeaeyaony ia ?aaiua aeiee,
eee no?aieoeu (pages).
Eaaeaeue i?ioeann iiaeao eniieueciaaoue aei 4 Aa nianoaaiiiai
ae?ooaeueiiai aae?aniiai i?ino?ainoaa; ec mix 2 Aa ca?aca?ae?iaaiu aeey
ioaeae i?ia?aiiu, a inoaaoeany 2 Aa – aeey nenoaiu. Windows NT iiaeao
eniieueciaai aei 4 Aa oece/aneie iaiyoe, anee aiia?aoiua n?aaenoaa
eiiiuethoa?a iiaoo iaania/eoue iiaeiaiue iauai. Eeoue iaeioi?ua
iia?aoeeiiiua nenoaiu iicaieytho ?aaioaoue n iaiyoueth oaeeo ?acia?ia.
Iai?eia?, MS OS/2 aa?nee 1.3 iiaeao aae?aniaaoue .oeoue 16 Ia oece/aneie
iaiyoe.
Iiaea/ea ii cai?ino (demand paging) eniieuecoy iaoiae, iin?aaenoaii
eioi?iai aeaiiua no?aie/ii ia?aiinyony ec oece/aneie iaiyoe ai a?aiaiiue
no?aie/iue oaee ia aeenea. A neo/aa iaiaoiaeeiinoe eniieueciaaiey yoeo
aeaiiuo aeey ooieoeeiie?iaaiey ii?aaeaeaiiuo i?ioeannia no?aie/iua
aeaiiua ia?aienuaathony ia?aoii a oece/aneoth iaiyoue.
Aeeniao/a? ae?ooaeueiie iaiyoe ioia?aaeaao ae?ooaeueiua aae?ana a
aae?aniii i?ino?ainoaa i?ioeanna ia oece/aneea no?aieoeu a iaiyoe
eiiiuethoa?a. I?e yoii io ieoae oi?aaeaiey i?ioeanna ne?uaaaony
oece/aneay i?aaiecaoeey iaiyoe. Yoi aa?aioe?oao, /oi ieoue oi?aaeaiey
iiaeao ia?auaoueny, a neo/aa iaiaoiaeeiinoe, e iaiyoe naiaai i?ioeanna,
ia cao?aaeaay iaiyoue ae?oaeo i?ioeannia. Neaaeiaaoaeueii i?iniio?
ae?ooaeueiie iaiyoe i?ioeanna ieoueth oi?aaeaiey iaiiiai oi?iuai ii
n?aaiaieth n ?aaeueiui ?aniieiaeaieai no?aieoe a oece/aneie iaiyoe.
Aneaaenoaea oiai /oi eaaeaeue i?ioeann eiaao ?acaeaeueiia aae?aniia
i?ino?ainoai, ieoe oi?aaeaiey iaeiiai i?ioeanna ia iiaoo i?iniao?eaaoue
eee eciaiyoue iaiyoue ae?oaiai i?ioeanna aac niioaaonoaothuaai
?ac?aoaiey.
N?aaenoaa auciaa eieaeueiuo i?ioeaaeo?
I?eeiaeaiey i iiaenenoaiu n?aaeu ?aaeecotho acaeiiioiioaiey oeia
«eeeaio-na?aa?». Yoi icia/aao, /oi eeeaio (i?eeiaeaiea) ia?auaaony e
na?aa?o n?aaeu (iiaenenoaia) aeey oaeiaeaoai?aiey cai?ina i
i?aaeinoaaeaiee iaeioi?iai oeia na?aena nenoaiu. Aeey ?aaeecaoeee
acaeiiaeaenoaey «eeeaio-na?aa?» iaaeaeo i?eeiaeaieyie e iiaenenoaiaie
n?aaeu Windows NT iaania/eaaao iaoaieci nayce iaaeaeo ieie. Eniieiythuay
nenoaia i?aaeinoaaeyao n?aaenoaa i?ioiaeaeaiey niiauaiee, eioi?ua
iacuaathony n?aaenoaaie auciaa eieaeueiuo i?ioeaaeo? (LPC — Local
Procedure Call). Iie ooieoeeiie?otho iiaeiaii auciaai oaeaeaiiuo
i?ioeaaeo? (RPC), eniieuecoaiiio aeey ?aaiou a naoaaie n?aaea (iienaiu a
Networking Guide, Chapter I, «Windows NT Networking Architecture»).
Iaeiaei n?aaenoaa LPC iioeiece?iaaiu aeey i?ioeannia, auiieiythueony ia
iaeiii eiiiuethoa?a.
I?eeeaaeiua i?ia?aiiu acaeiiaeaenoaotho n iiaenenoaiaie n?aaeu,
ia?aaeaaay niiauaiey /a?ac n?aaenoaa LPC. I?ioeann i?ioiaeaeaiey
niiauaiey ne?uo io eeeaioneiai i?eeiaeaiey ooieoeeiiaeueiuie caaeooeaie
(slubs); caaeooee i?aaenoaaeytho niaie iaauiieiyaiua o?aaiaiou, eioi?ua
eniieuecothony i?e ia?auaiee e na?aa?ai n?aaeu. Caaeooee ?aaeeciaaiu a
oi?ia niaoeeaeueiuo aeeiaie/anee naycuaaaiuo aeaeeioae (DLL).
Eiaaea i?eeiaeaiea i?iecaiaeeo ia?auaiea e eioa?oaeno i?eeeaaeiuo
i?ia?aii (API — application program interface) iiaenenoaiu n?aaea,
caaeooea eeeaioneiai i?ioeanna (i?eeiaeaiey) oiaeiauaaao ia?aiao?u aeey
auciaa e iai?aaeyao eo na?aa?iiio i?ioeanno (iiaenenoaia), eioi?ue
inouanoaeyao auiieiaiea. N?aaenoaa LPC i?aaeoniao?eaatho, /oi iinea
ia?aaea/e aeaiiuo na?aa?o i?iecaiaeeony iaeeaeaiea ioaaoa.
?anniio?ei, iai?eia?, eae yoio i?ioeann ?aaioaao a iiaenenoaia Win32.
Eiaaea i?eeiaeaiea Win32 caa?oaeaii aeiy auiieiaiey, iii naycuaaaony n
DLL, eioi?ay niaea?aeeo caaeooee aeey anao ooieoeee Win32 API. A neo/aa,
anee i?eeiaeaiea inouanoaeyao auciau ooieoeee Win32 (a iaoai i?eia?a,
Win32-ooieoeee CreateWindow), ia?auaiea ia?aaaouaaaony neaaeothuei
ia?acii.
1. Eeeaioneia i?eeiaeaiea Win32 aucuaaao caaeooeo ooieoeee
CreateWindow() ec DLL.
2. Caaeooea oi?ie?oao niiauaiea, eioi?ia niaea?aeeo ana aeaiiua,
iaiaoiaeeiua aeey nicaeaiey ieia, e iinueaao yoi niiauaiea i?ioeanno
na?aa?a Win32 (iiaenenoaia Win32).
3. Iiaenenoaia Win32 iieo/aao niiauaiea e aucuaaao ?aaeueioth ooieoeeth
CreateWindow(). A ?acoeueoaoa yoiai nicaeaaony ieii.
4. Iiaenenoaia Win32 iinueaao niiauaiea, niaea?aeauaa ?acoeueoaou
auiieiaiey ooieoeee CreateWindow(), ia?aoii caaeooea a DLL,
5. Caaeooea ?aniaeiauaaao niiauaiea na?aa?a iiaenenoaiu e aica?auaao
?acoeueoaou eeeaioneiio i?eeiaeaieth Win32.
I?eeiaeaiea aini?eieiaao, /oi ieii auei nicaeaii ooieoeeae
CreateWindow() ec DLL. Io i?eeiaeaiey ne?uoi, /oi ?aaioa oaeoe/anee
auiieiyeanue i?ioeannii na?aa?a Win32 (iiaenenoaiie Win32), /oi aeey
aeoeaecaoeee yoiai i?ioeanna iinueaeinue niiauaiea, e aeaaea /oi
nouanoaoao i?ioeann na?aa?a Win32. E?iia oith, i?eeiaeaiea ia ciaao, /oi
iiaenenoaia ia?auaeanue e iaeiiio eee ianeieueeei na?aa?ai eniieiythuae
nenoaiu aeey iiaeaea?aeee aa ia?auaiey e CreateWindow().
Aeeniao/a? aaiaea-auaiaea
Aeeniao/a? aaiaea-auaiaea yaeyaony /anoueth eniieiythuae nenoaiu Windows
NT, eioi?ay oi?aaeyao anai aaiaeii e auaiaeii aeey iia?aoeeiiiie
nenoaiu. Iniiaiia iacia/aiea aeeniao/a?a aaiaea-auaiaea — oi?aaeaiea
naycueth iaaeaeo ae?aeaa?aie. Aeeniao/a? aaiaea-auaiaea iiaeaea?aeeaaao
ana ae?aeaa?u oaeeiaie nenoaiu, ae?aeaa?u aiia?aoiuo n?aaenoa, naoaaua
ae?aeaa?u e iaania/eaaao aeey ieo aaoa?iaaiioth n?aaeo. Ii
i?aaeinoaaeyao oi?iaeueiue eioa?oaen, aeinooiiue aeey auciaia anaie
ae?aeaa?aie. Yoio iaeii?iaeiue eioa?oaen iicaieyao aeeniao/a?o
aaiaea-auaiaea iaeeiaeiai acaeiiaeaenoaiaaoue ni anaie ae?aeaa?aie, aac
eaeie-eeai eioi?iaoeee i oaeoe/aneii oi?aaeaiee ?aaioie ono?ienoaa.
Aeeniao/a? aaiaea-auaiaea oaeaea niaea?aeeo i?ioeaaeo?u iiaeaea?aeee
ae?aeaa?ia, niaoeeaeueii ?ac?aaioaiiua aeey ae?aeaa?ia oaeeiaie nenoaiu,
ae?aeaa?ia aiia?aoiuo n?aaenoa e naoaauo ae?aeaa?ia.
Iiaeaeue aaiaea-auaiaea Windows NT eniieuecoao iiiaio?iaiaaoth
a?oeoaeoo?o, eioi?ay iicaieyao ioaeaeueiui ae?aeaa?ai ioaa/aoue ca
eiae/anee caeii/aiiue o?iaaiue ia?aaioee aaiaea-auaiaea. Iai?eia?,
ae?aeaa?u naiiai ieceiai o?iaiy oi?aaeytho oece/aneeie ono?ienoaaie
eiiiuethoa?a (iacuaathony ae?aeaa?aie ono?ienoa — device drivers).
Ae?oaea ae?aeaa?u yaeythony iaaeno?ieeie e ae?aeaa?ai ono?ienoa.
Ae?aeaa?ai aieaa aunieiai o?iaiy iaecaanoiu ethaua iiae?iaiinoe ?aaioa
oece/aneeo ono?ienoa. N iiiiuueth aeeniao/a?a aaiaea-auaiaea ae?aeaa?u
aieaa aunieiai o?iaiy i?inoi ia?aaeatho cai?inu eiae/aneiai
aaiaea-auaiaea ae?aeaa?ai ono?ienoa, eioi?ua e ia?auathony e
ianeoaeeaaaiui eie oece/aneei ono?ienoaai. Onoaiaaeeaaaiua oaeeiaua
nenoaiu Windows NT e naoaaua ?aaee?aeoi?u (redirectors) — i?eia?u
?aaioathueo oaeei ia?acii ae?aeaa?ia aunieiai o?iaiy.
Eniieueciaaiea iiaeiaiie noaiu iaania/eaaao eaaeoth caiaio ae?aeaa?ia
oaeeiaie nenoaiu e ae?aeaa?ia ono?ienoa. E?iia oiai, yoi iicaieyao auoue
aeoeaiuie iaeiia?aiaiii ianeieueeei oaeeiaui nenoaiai e ono?ienoaai, oae
eae iie aae?anothony /a?ac oi?iaeueiue eioa?oaen.
Ae?aeaa?u acaeiiaeaenoaotho ae?oa n ae?oaii, eniieuecoy no?oeoo?u
aeaiiuo, iacuaaaiua iaeaoaie cai?ina aaiaea-auaiaea (I/O request
packets). Ae?aeaa?u ia?aaeatho iaeaou cai?ina aaiaea-auaiaea ae?oa
ae?oao /a?ac aeeniao/a? aaiaea-auaiaea, eioi?ue aeinoaaeyao iaeaou
niioaaonoaothuei oeaeaaui ae?aeaa?ai. Naiue i?inoie niinia auiieiaiey
iia?aoeee aaiaea-auaiaea ninoieo a oii, /oiau neio?iiece?iaaoue
auiieiaiea i?eeiaeaiee n caaa?oaieai cai?aoeaaaiuo eie iia?aoeee
aaiaea-auaiaea (oaeie iiaeoiae ecaanoai iiae iacaaieai neio?iiiiai
aaiaea-auaiaea — synchronous I/O). Eiaaea iiaeiaiia i?eeiaeaiea
auiieiyao iia?aoeeth aaiaea-auaiaea, ooieoeeiie?iaaiea nianoaaiii
i?eeiaeaiey aeiee?iaaii. Iinea caaa?oaiey iia?aoeee aaiaea-auaiaea
i?eeiaeaieth ?ac?aoaaony i?iaeieaeaiea aeaeueiaeoaai auiieiaiey.
Iaeiei ec niiniaia iioeiecaoeee yooaeoeaiinoe i?eeiaeaiee yaeyaony
i?eiaiaiea aneio?iiiiai aaiaea-auaiaea (asynchronous I/O); yoio iaoiae
eniieuecoaony iiiaeie i?ioeannaie a Windows NT. Eiaaea i?eeiaeaiea
eieoeeaeece?oao iia?aoeeth aaiaea-auaiaea, aeeniao/a? aaiaea-auaiaea
i?eieiaao cai?in, ii ia aeiee?oao ?aaioo i?eeiaeaiey a i?ioeanna
auiieiaiey aaiaea-auaiaea. Aianoi yoiai i?eeiaeaiea i?iaeieaeaao naia
ooieoeeiie?iaaiea. Aieueoeinoai ono?ienoa aaiaea-auaiaea i/aiue
iaaeeaiii a n?aaiaiee n i?ioeanni?ii eiiiuethoa?a; oaeei ia?acii,
i?eeeaaeiay i?ia?aiia iiaeao auiieieoue iiiaeanoai iia?aoeee a i?ioeanna
iaeeaeaiey caaa?oaiey iia?aoeee aaiaea-auaiaea. Eiaaea iiaenenoaia
n?aaeu auaeaao aneio?iiiue cai?in aaiaea-auaiaea, aeeniao/a?
aaiaea-auaiaea aica?auaaony e iiaenenoaia n?aaeu iaiaaeeaiii iinea
iiiauaiey cai?ina a i/a?aaeue, aac iaeeaeaiey caaa?oaiey iia?aoeee
ae?aeaa?ii ono?ienoaa. A yoi a?aiy ioaeaeueiay ieoue oi?aaeaiey
aeeniao/a?a aaiaea-auaiaea auiieiyao cai?inu ec i/a?aaee iaeaieaa
yooaeoeaiui ia?acii (ia iaycaoaeueii a ii?yaeea iinooieaiey)
Ii caaa?oaiee ethaiai cai?ina aaiaea-auaiaea aeeniao/a? aaiaea-auaiaea
oaaaeiieyao ia yoii i?ioeann, cai?ineaoee iia?aoeeth.
Oae eae i?eiaiaiea aneio?iiiiai aaiaea-auaiaea ?ac?aoaao i?eeiaeaieth
eniieueciaaoue i?ioeanni? eiiiuethoa?a ai a?aiy iia?aoeee
aaiaea-auaiaea, yoi cao?oaeiyao aeey i?eeiaeaiey ii?aaeaeaiea caaa?oaiey
iia?aoeee aaiaea-auaiaea. Iaeioi?ua i?eeiaeaiey i?eiaiytho ooieoeeth
iiaoi?iiai auciaa (A?N), eioi?ay aucuaaaony iinea caaa?oaiey aneio?iiiie
iia?aoeee aaiaea-auaiaea. Ae?oaea i?eeiaeaiey eniieuecotho iauaeou
neio?iiecaoeee, oeia niauoee eee iienaoaeae oaeoia, eioi?ua nenoaia
aaiaea-auaiaea i?eaiaeeo a niioaaonoaothuaa ninoiyiea iinea auiieiaiey
aaiaea — auaiaea.
Aeeniao/a? eyoa
A?oeoaeoo?a aaiaea-auaiaea niaea?aeeo aaeeinoaaiiue aeeniao/a? eyoa
(Cache Manager), eioi?ue inouanoaeyao eyoe?iaaiea aeaey anae nenoaiu
aaiaea-auaiaea. Eyoe?iaaiea (caching) — iaoiae, eniieuecoaiue oaeeiaie
nenoaiie aeey oaaee/aiey yooaeoeaiinoe. Aianoi iaiin?aaenoaaiiie caiene
e n/eouaaiey n aeenea, /anoi eniieuecoaiua oaeeu a?aiaiii nio?aiythony a
eyo-iaiyoe; oaeei ia?acii, ?aaioa n yoeie oaeeaie auiieiyaony a iaiyoe.
Iia?aoeee n aeaiiuie, iaoiaeyueieny a iaiyoe, i?iecaiaeyony cia/eoaeueii
auno?aa iia?aoeee n aeaiiuie ia aeenea.
Aeeniao/a? eyoa eniieuecoao iiaeaeue ioia?aaeaiey oaeea, eioi?ay
eioaa?e?iaaia n aeeniao/a?ii ae?ooaeueiie iaiyoe Windows NT. Aeeniao/a?
eyoa iaania/eaaao neoaeao eyoe?iaaiey aeey anao oaeeiauo nenoai e
naoaauo eiiiiiaioia, ooieoeeiie?othueo iiae oi?aaeaieai aeeniao/a?a
aaiaea-auaiaea. A caaeneiinoe io iauaia aeinooiiie iia?aoeaiie iaiyoe
aeeniao/a? eyoa iiaeao aeeiaie/anee oaaee/eaaoue eee oiaiueoaoue ?acia?
eyoa. Eiaaea i?ioeann ioe?uaaao oaee, eioi?ue oaea iaoiaeyony a eyoa,
aeeniao/a? eyoa i?inoi eiie?oao aeaiiua ec eyoa a ae?ooaeueiia aae?aniia
i?ino?ainoai,
Aeeniao/a? eyoa iiaeaea?aeeaaao neoaeau oeia eaieaie caiene (lazy write)
e eaieaie oeenaoeee (lazy commit), eioi?ua iiaoo cia/eoaeueii oaaee/ee)
yooaeoeaiinoue oaeeiaie nenoaiu. A i?ioeanna eaieaie caiene eciaiaiey
?aaeno?e?othony a eyoa oaeeiaie no?oeoo?u, iaania/eaathuai aieaa auno?ue
aeinooi. Iicaeiaa, eiaaea caa?ocea oeaio?aeueiiai i?ioeanni?a nieaeaia,
aeeniao/a? eyoa caiineo eciaiaiey ia aeene. Eaieaay oeenaoeey iiaeiaia
eaieaie caiene. Aianoi iaiaaeeaiiie ia?ee?iaee o?aicaeoeee eae oniaoii
caaa?oeaoaeny, ia?aaeaiiay eioi?iaoeey eyoe?oaony e iicaeiaa a oiiiaii
?aaeeia caienuaaaony a aeo?iae oaeeiaie nenoaiu.
Ae?aeaa?u oaeeiaie nenoaiu
A a?oeoaeoo?a aaiaea-auaiaea Windows NT oi?aaeaiea ae?aeaa?aie oaeeiaie
nenoaiu inouanoaeyao aeeniao/a? aaiaea-auaiaea. Windows NT aeiioneaao
eniieueciaaiea iiiaeanoaa oaeeiauo nenoai, aeeth/ay nouanoaothuea
oaeeiaua nenoaiu oeia FAT. Aeey iaania/aiey niaianoeiinoe nieco aaa?o n
iia?aoeeiiiuie nenoaiaie MS-DOS, Windows C.o e OS/2, Windows NT
iiaeaea?aeeaaao oaeeiaua nenoaiu FAT e HPFS.
?aaee?aeoi?u e na?aa?u ooieoeeiie?otho eae ae?aeaa?u oaeeiaie nenoaiu e
auiieiythony ia o?iaia eioa?oaena iinoaaueea eee ieaea, aaea iaoiaeyony
NetBIOS e Windows-nieao.
Ae?aeaa?u o?ainii?oiiai i?ioieiea iauathony n ?aaee?aeoi?aie e na?aa?aie
/a?ac o?iaaiue, iacuaaaiue eioa?oaenii o?ainii?oiiai ae?aeaa?a (TDI —
Transport Driver Interface). Windows NT aeeth/aao neaaeothuea
o?ainii?oiua n?aaenoaa:
• I?ioieie oi?aaeaiey ia?aaea/ae/iaaenaoaaie i?ioieie TCP/IP, eioi?ue
iaania/eaaao aiciiaeiinoue ?aaiou n oe?ieei aeeaiaciiii nouanoaothueo
naoae.
• NBF, iioiiie ?anoe?aiiiai eioa?oaena iieueciaaoaey NetBIOS (NetBEUI),
eioi?ue iaania/eaaao niaianoeiinoue n nouanoaothueie eieaeueiuie
au/eneeoaeueiuie naoyie ia aaca LAN Manager, LAN Server e MS-Net.
• Oi?aaeaiea ia?aaea/ae aeaiiuo (DLC — Data Link Control), eioi?ia
iaania/eaaao eioa?oaen aeiy aeinooia e iyeio?aeiai e iiaeeeth/aiiui e
naoe i?eioa?ai,
• NWLink, ?aaeecaoeey IPX/SPX, iaania/eaathuay naycue n Novell NetWare.
A ieaeiae /anoe naoaaie a?oeoaeoo?u iaoiaeeony ae?aeaa? ieaou naoaaiai
aaeaioa?a. Windows NT a ianoiyuaa a?aiy iiaeaea?aeeaaao ae?aeaa?u
ono?ienoa, auiieiaiiua e niioaaonoaee ni niaoeeoeeaoeeae NDIS (Network
Device Interface Specilication) aa?nee 3.0. NDIS i?aaeinoaaeyao aeaeoth
n?aaeo iaiaia aeaiiuie iaaeaeo o?ainii?oiuie i?ioieieaie e naoaauie
aaeaioa?aie. NDIS 3.0 iicaieyao ioaeaeueiiio eiiiuethoa?o eiaoue
ianeieueei onoaiiaeaiiuo a iai ieao naoaaiai aaeaioa?a. A naith
i/a?aaeue, eaaeaeay ieaoa naoaaiai aaeaioa?a iiaeao iiaeaea?aeeaaoue
ianeieueei o?ainii?oiuo i?ioieieia aeey aeinooia e ?acee/iui oeiai
naoaauo noaioeee.
3.2 Oaeeiaay nenoaia NTFS
NTFS iaania/eaaao eiiaeiaoeeth yooaeoeaiinoe, iaaeaaeiinoe e
niaianoeiinoe, ionoonoaothuoth a FAT eee HPFS. Iia ?ac?aaioaia aeiy
auno?iai auiieiaiey noaiaea?oiuo oaeeiauo iia?aoeee oeia /oaiey, caiene
e iienea, a oaeaea oeo/oaiiuo iia?aoeee oeia ainnoaiiaeaiey oaeeiaie
nenoaiu ia i/aiue aieueoeo aeanoeeo aeeneao.
NTFS oaeaea aeeth/aao aiciiaeiinoe aaciianiinoe, o?aaoaiua aeey oaeeiauo
na?aa?ia e aunieiea/anoaaiiuo ia?niiaeueiuo eiiiuethoa?ia a
ei?ii?aoeaiie n?aaea. NTFS iiaeaea?aeeaaao oi?aaeaiea aeinooiii e
aeaiiui e i?eaeeaaee aeaaeaeueoea, /oi yaeyaony aaaeiui aeey
oeaeinoiinoe ei?ii?aoeaiuo aeaiiuo. A oi a?aiy eae eaoaeiaai,
?acaeaeyaiui i?e iiiiue Windows NT Server, iacia/athony niaoeeoe/aneea
?ac?aoaiey, oaeeai e eaoaeiaai NTFS iiaoo iacia/aoueny ?ac?aoaiey aia
caaeneiinoe, ?acaeaeaiu iie eaee iao. NTFS – aaeeinoaaiiay oaeeiaay
nenoaia a Windows NT, eioi?ay iicaieyao iacia/eoue ?ac?aoaiey aeey
ioaeaeueiuo oaeeia.
NTFS yaeyaony i?inoie, ii i/aiue iiuiie ?ac?aaioeie. Aeey yoie
ia?niaeoeaiie oaeeiaie nenoaiu any eioi?iaoeey ia oiia NTFS yaeyaony
oaeeii ei /anoi oaeea. Eaaeaeue ?ani?aaeaeaiiue ia oiia NTFS naeoi?
i?eiaaeeaaeeo iaeioi?iio oaeeo. Aeaaea iaoaaeaiiua (metadata) oaeeiaie
nenoaiu (eioi?iaoeey, eioi?ay iienuaaao iaiin?aaenoaaiii oaeeiaoth
nenoaio) yaeythony /anoueth oaeea.
Yoa iniiaaiiay ia ao?eaooao oaeeiaay nenoaia iiaeaea?aeeaaao
iauaeoii-i?eaioe?iaaiiua i?eeiaeaiey, ia?aaaouaay ana oaeeu eae iauaeou,
eioi?ua eiatho ii?aaeaeyaiua iieueciaaoaeai e nenoaiie ao?eaoou.
Aeaaiay oaeeiaay oaaeeoea
Eaaeaeue oaee ia oiia NTFS i?aaenoaaeai caienueth a niaoeeaeueiii oaeea,
iacuaaaiii aeaaiie oaeeiaie oaaeeoeae (MFA — master file table). NTFS
?aca?ae?oao ia?aua 16 caienae oaaeeoeu aeey niaoeeaeueiie eioi?iaoeee.
Ia?aay caienue yoie oaaeeoeu iienuaaao iaiin?aaenoaaiii aeaaioth
oaeeiaoth oaaeeoeo; ca iae neaaeoao ca?eaeueiay caienue (mirror record)
MFT. Anee ia?aay caienue MFT ?ac?ooaia, oi NTFS /eoaao aoi?oth caienue
aeey iouneaiey ca?eaeueiiai oaoa MFT, ia?aay caienue eioi?iai eaeaioe/ia
ia?aie caiene MFT. Ianoiiieiaeaiey naaiaioia aeaiiuo MFT e ca?eaeueiiai
oaeea MFT caienaiu a naeoi?a ia/aeueiie caa?ocee. Aeoaeeeao naeoi?a
ia/aeueiie caa?ocee iaoiaeeony a eiae/aneii oeaio?a aeenea.
O?aouey caienue MFT — oaee ?aaeno?aoeee (log file); eniieuecoaony aeey
ainnoaiiaeaiey oaeeia. Oaee ?aaeno?aoeee iiae?iaii iienai a ianoiyuae
aeaaa ieaea. Naiiaaeoeaoay e iineaaeothuea caiene aeaaiie oaeeiaie
oaaeeoeu eniieuecothony nianoaaiii oaeeaie e eaoaeiaaie (oaeaea
?anniao?eaathony eae oaeeu NTFS) ia oiia.
Aeaaiay oaeeiaay oaaeeoea ioaiaeeo ii?aaeaeaiiia eiee/anoai i?ino?ainoaa
aeey eaaeaeie caiene oaeea. Ao?eaoou oaeea caienuaathony a
?ani?aaeaeaiiia i?ino?ainoai MFT. Iaaieueoea oaeeu e eaoaeiae (iau/ii
aei 1500 aaeo eee iaiueoa) iiaoo iieiinoueth niaea?aeaoueny aioo?e
caiene aeaaiie oaeeiaie oaaeeoeu.
Iiaeiaiue iiaeoiae iaania/eaaao i/aiue auno?ue aeinooi e oaeeai.
?anniio?ei, iai?eia?, oaeeiaoth nenoaio FAT, eioi?ay eniieuecoao
oaaeeoeo ?aciauaiey oaeeia, a eioi?ie ia?a/eneythony eiaia e aae?an
eaaeaeiai oaeea. Yeaiaiou eaoaeiaa FAT niaea?aeao eiaeaen a oaaeeoea
?aciauaiey oaeea. A neo/aa anee iaiaoiaeeii i?iniio?aoue niaea?aeeiia
oaeea, FAT nia/aea /eoaao oaaeeoeo ?aciauaiey oaeeia e oaaaeaeaaony a
nouanoaiaaiee oaeea. Aeaeaa FAT ainnoaiaaeeaaao oaee, eua oeaii/eo
?ani?aaeaeaiiuo aeieia, ioiinyueony e yoiio oaeeo. A NTFS iiene oaeea
i?iecaiaeeony oieueei aeey iaiin?aaenoaaiiiai aai eniieueciaaiey.
Caiene eaoaeiaa iiiauaiu aioo?e aeaaiie oaeeiaie oaaeeoeu oae aea, eae
caiene oaeea. Aianoi aeaiiuo eaoaeiae niaea?aeao eiaeaenioth
eioi?iaoeeth. Iaaieueoea caiene eaoaeiaia iaoiaeyony iieiinoueth aioo?e
no?oeoo?u MFT. Aieueoea eaoaeiae i?aaieciaaiu a B-tree, eiay caiene n
oeacaoaeyie ia aiaoiea eeanoa?u, niaea?aeauea yeaiaiou eaoaeiaa, eioi?ua
ia iiaee auoue caienaiu aioo?e no?oeoo?u MFT.
Ao?eaoou oaeea NTFS
NTFS i?iniao?eaaao eaaeaeue oaee (eee eaoaeia) eae iaai? ao?eaooia
oaeea. Oaeea yeaiaioa, eae eiy oaeea, eioi?iaoeey caueou e aeaaea
aeaiiua – ana yoi ao?eaoou oaeea. Eaaeaeue ao?eaoo eaeaioeoeoee?iaai
eiaeii oeia ao?eaooa e, iaiaycaoaeueii, eiaiai ao?eaooa.
Anee ao?eaoou oaeea iiaoo iaoiaeeony aioo?e caiene oaeea MFT, iie
iacuaathony ?aceaeaioiuie (resident) ao?eaooaie. Iai?eia?, eioi?iaoeey
oeia eiaie oaeea e ioiaoee a?aiaie anaaaea aeeth/aaony a caienue oaeea
MFT. Anee oaee neeoeii aieueoie, /oiau niaea?aeaoue ana ao?eaoou a
caiene oaoa MFT, /anoue ao?eaooia yaeyaony ia?aceaeaioiie (nonresident).
Ia?aceaeaioiua ao?eaoou caieiatho iaeei eee ianeieueei i?iaaaia (run)
aeeneiaiai i?ino?ainoaa a ae?oaii ianoa oiia (i?iaaa aeeneiaiai
i?ino?ainoaa — iai?e?uaiay eeiaeiay iaeanoue ia aeenea).
Aiiaua, ana ao?eaoou iiaoo auoue aucaaiu eae iioie aaeoia iacaaeneii io
oiai, yaeythony ee iie ?aceaeaioiuie eee ia?aceaeaioiuie.
Aeeeiiua e ei?ioeea eiaia oaeeia
Iiaeiaii HPFS, NTFS iiaeaea?aeeaaao eiaia oaeea aei 255 neiaieia. Eiaia
oaeea N’I’FS eniieuecotho iaai? neiaieia Unicode n 16 aeoaie; iaeiaei
aii?in aeinooia ec MS-DOS ?aoai. NTFS aaoiiaoe/anee aaia?e?oao
iiaeaea?aeeaaaiia MS-DOS eiy (ainaiue iethn o?e neiaiea) aeey eaaeaeiai
oaeea. Oaeei ia?acii, oaeeu NTFS iiaoo eniieueciaaoueny /a?ac naoue
iia?aoeeiiiuie nenoaiaie MS-DOS e OS/2. Yoi iniaaiii aaaeii aeey
oaeeiauo na?aa?ia i?aaiecaoeee, eioi?ay eniieuecoao ia?niiaeueiua
eiiiuethoa?u n aeaoiy eee anaie o?aiy yoeie iia?aoeeiiiuie nenoaiaie.
Nicaeaaay eiaia oaeea «ainaiue iethn o?e», NTFS oaeaea iicaieyao
i?eeiaeaieyi MS-DOS e Windows C.o ?aaioaoue n oaeeaie, eiathueie
aeeeiiua eiaia NTFS. E?iia oiai, i?e nio?aiaiee oaeea i?eeiaeaieyie
MS-DOS eee Windows C.o ia oiia NTFS nio?aiythony e eiy oaeea «ainaiue
iethn o?e» e aeeeiiia eiy NTFS.
Anee aeeeiiia eiy oaeea eee eaoaeiaa ia oiia NTFS niaea?aeeo i?iaaeu,
neaaeoao oaaaeeoueny, /oi iooue caienai oe eaau/eao. Yoi ni?aaaaeeeai
i?e ii?aaeaeaiee iooe a Program Manager aeey cia/eia i?eeiaeaiee.
Iai?eia?, i?aaeiieiaeei, /oi Word for Windows onoaiiaeai a D:\WORD FOR
WINDOWS. Eiiaiaeiay no?iea Program Item Properties aeieaeia auoue
onoaiiaeaia a D:\WORD FOR WINDOWS\WINWORD.EXE. I?e ionoonoaee eaau/ae
aoaeao ioia?aaeaii niiauaiea ia ioeaea «The path D:\Word is invalid»
(Iooue D:\Word iaaeiionoei).
I?e ?aaioa n Windows NT oaeeu, nicaeaiiua eee ia?aeiaiiaaiiua a
?acaeaeao FAT, iiaoo eiaoue naycaiiua aeoeiiua eiaia. I?aaeea oi?aaeaiey
aeeeiiuie eiaiaie oaoa ia oiia NTFS oaeaea ioiinyony e aeeeiiui eiaiai
oaeea ia ?acaeaeao FAT; ioee/ea caeeth/aaony a oii, /oi eiaia oaeea ia
FAT ia iiaoo niaea?aeaoue ?anoe?aiiua neiaieu. Aeiiieieoaeueioth
eioi?iaoeeth i iiaeaea?aeea aeeeiiuo eiai oaeeia aeey ?acaeaeia FAT
iiaeii iaeoe a ?acaeaea «Oaeeiaay nenoaia FAT».
Aaia?aoeey ei?ioeiai eiaie oaeea
Iineieueeo NTFS eniieuecoao iaai? neiaieia Unicode aeey eiai oaeeia,
nouanoaoao aiciiaeiinoue caaeaenoaiaaiey ianeieueeeo «cai?auaiiuo»
neiaieia, eioi?ua MS-DOS ia iiaeao /eoaoue a eiaie oaeea. Aeey
aaia?aoeee ei?ioeiai eiaie oaeea a noeea MS-DOS, NTFS oaeaeyao ana yoe
neiaieu e ethaua i?iaaeu ec aeeeiiiai eiaie oaeea. Oae eae eiy oaeea a
MS-DOS iiaeao eiaoue oieueei iaeio oi/eo, NTFS oaeaea oaeaeyao ana
aeiiieieoaeueiua oi/ee ec eiaie oaeea. Aeaeaa, a neo/aa iaiaoiaeeiinoe
NTFS onaeaao eiy oaeea aei oanoe neiaieia e aeiaaaeyao oeeueaeo (~) e
iiia?. Iai?eia?, e eaaeaeiio iaaeoaee?iaaiiiio eiaie oaeea aeiaaaeyaony
~1. Iiaoi?ythueany eiaia oaeeia caeai/eaathony neiaieaie ~2, ~3 e o. ae.
?anoe?aiea eiaie oaeea onaeaaony aei o?ao eee iaiueoaai eiee/anoaa
neiaieia. Iaeiiaoe, i?e ioia?aaeaiee eiaie oaeea a eiiaiaeiie no?iea
NTFS o?ainee?oao ana neiaieu a eiaie oaeea e ?anoe?aiee e aa?oiaio
?aaeno?o (File Manager ioia?aaeaao yoe eiaia oaeea a ieaeiai ?aaeno?a).
Windows NT eniieuecoao ianeieueei ae?oaie iaoiae aeey nicaeaiey ei?ioeeo
eiai oaeeia aeey neo/ay, eiaaea eiaaony iyoue eee aieaa oaeeia, eioi?ua
i?eaaee au e aeaieiui ei?ioeei eiaiai oaeea. Aeey iyoiai e iineaaeothueo
oaeeia Windows NT eniieuecoao oieueei ia?aua aeaa neiaiea io aeeeiiiai
eiaie oaeea e aeaeaa niaoeeaeueiie iaoaiaoe/aneie iia?aoeeae (ooieoeey
io aeeeiiiai eiaie) aaia?e?oao neaaeothuea oieeaeueiua /aou?a neiaiea
ei?ioeiai eiaie oaeea; iinea yoith e ?acoeueoaoo aeiaaaeyaony ~5 (eee
ae?oaie iiia? a neo/aa iaiaoiaeeiinoe ecaaaeaiey aeaieiiai eiaie oaeea).
Oaeie iaoiae iaania/eaaao a iniiaiii iiauoaiioth yooaeoeaiinoue aeey
neo/ay, eiaaea Windows NT aeieaeia nicaeaaaoue ei?ioeea eiaia oaeeia
aeey aieueoiai eiee/anoaa oaeeia n iioiaeeie aeeeiiuie eiaiaie. Windows
NT eniieuecoao yoio iaoiae nicaeaiey ei?ioeeo eiai aeey oiiia FAT e
NTFS.
Ii oiie/aieth, Windows NT iiaeaea?aeeaaao eiaia oaeeia a oi?iaoa MS-DOS
ia anao oiiao NTFS. Aeey iiauoaiey yooaeoeaiinoe ?aaiou ia oiiao n
aieueoei eiee/anoaii aeeeiiuo iioiaeeo eiai iiaeii cai?aoeoue yoo
aiciiaeiinoue aeey anao oiiia.
Windows NT ia aaia?e?oao ei?ioeeo eiai aeey oaeeia, nicaeaiiuo
i?eeiaeaieyie POSIX a ?acaeaea NTFS. Yoi icia/aao, /oi i?eeiaeaiey
MS-DOS e Windows C.o ia niiaoo ?aaioaoue n iiaeiaiuie eiaiaie, anee yoe
eiaia ia oaeiaeaoai?ytho oneiaeth «ainaiue iethn o?e». A neo/aa
iaiaoiaeeiinoe ?aaiou ec i?eeiaeaiee MS-DOS eee Windows n oaeeaie,
eioi?ua nicaeaiu i?eeiaeaieyie POSIX, neaaeoao oaaaeeoueny, /oi
eniieueciaaiu noaiaea?oiua eiaia MS-DOS.
Niaeaniaaiiinoue n POSIX
Niaeaniaaiiinoue n POSIX iicaieyao ia?aiineoue i?eeiaeaiey UNIX a n?aaeo
Windows NT. Windows NT iieiinoueth niaeaniaaia ni noaiaea?oii 1003.1
einoeoooa IEEE, eioi?ue ii?aaeaeyao i?enaiaiea eiai e eaeaioeoeeaoeeth
oaeeia.
Neaaeothuea aiciiaeiinoe POSIX aeeth/aiu a NTFS;
• *oanoaeoaeueiua e ?aaeno?o eiaia. Aeey POSIX oaeeu README.TXT,
Readme.txt e readme.txt yaeythony ?acee/iuie.
• AEanoeea nayce (hard links). Oaeeo iiaeao auoue i?enaiaii ianeieueei
eiai. Yoi iicaieyao aeaoi oaeeai n ?acee/iuie eiaiaie, eioi?ua iiaoo
auoue ?aciauaiu a ?acee/iuo eaoaeiaao, niaea?aeaoue iaeie e oa aea
aeaiiua.
• aeiiieieoaeueiua ioiaoee a?aiaie. Iieacuaatho, eiaaea oaee aue
iineaaeiee ?ac eniieueciaai eee eciaiai.
Aiciiaeiinoe NTFS, eniieuecoaiua Macintosh Services Clients
Na?aen aeey Macintosh aoiaeeo a ninoaa Windows NT Server. Yoio na?aen
i?aaeinoaaeyao iieueciaaoaeyi Macintosh aiciiaeiinoue aeinooia e oaeoai,
iaoiaeyueiny ia Windows NT Server; o. e. yoe oaeeu aeinooiiu naoaaui
iieueciaaoaeyi Windows NT, oaeeiaue na?aa? iiaeao auoue eaaei
eniieueciaai aeey iauaai aeinooia n ?acee/iuo aiia?aoiuo ieaooi?i.
I?e ?ac?aoaiey na?aena aeey Macintoch neaaeoao naeaeaoue aeinooiiui
?acaeae NTFS, anee o?aaoaony aaoiiaoe/aneia nicaeaiea oiia iiaeoey
aooaioeoeeaoeee iieueciaaoaey (User Authentification Module) aeey
eeeaioia Macintosh (Network Control Panel eniieuecoao ia?aue ?acaeae
NTFS aeey nicaeaiey yoeo oiiia ii oiie/aieth).
Eeeaiou Macintosh iiaoo eniieueciaaoue oieueei oaeeu ia oiiao NTFS.
Aaoaeaiey ?ano?nia Macintosh e eioi?iaoeey Finger aeey eaaeaeiai oaeea
Macintosh nio?aiythony eae iioiee NTFS. Iineieueeo NTFS iiaeaea?aeeaaao
aeeeiiua eiaia, aieueoeinoai eiai oaeeia Macintosh nio?aiythony.
Na?aen aeey Macintosh nio?aiyao i?eaeeaaee iaiee (File Sharing folder)
eae ?ac?aoaiey Windows NT; yoi icia/aao, /oi nouanoaoao oieueei iaeei
iaai? ?ac?aoaiee aeey iaiee eee oaeea, eioi?ue i?aaeienai i
iieueciaaoaeyi Windows NT e iieueciaaoaeyi Macintosh. Iaeiaei
iieueciaaoaee Macintosh ia niiaoo aeaeaoue ?ac?aoaiey oaeea, oae eae
AppleShare iiaeaea?aeeaaao oieueei ?ac?aoaiey iaiee.
3.3 Caueoa aeaiiuo a IN Windows NT AS
Iiaeaeue aaciianiinoe Windows NT i?aaenoaaeaia iiieoi?ii aaciianiinoe
(Security Reference Monitor), a oaeaea aeaoiy ae?oaeie eiiiiiaioaie:
i?ioeannii aoiaea a nenoaio (Logon Process) e aaciianiuie caueuaiiuie
iiaenenoaiaie. A iiiaicaaea/iie iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaia, eaeiaie yaeyaony
Windows NT, i?eeiaeaiey niaianoii eniieuecotho ?yae ?ano?nia nenoaiu,
aeeth/ay iaiyoue eiiiuethoa?a, ono?ienoaa aaiaea-auaiaea, oaeeu e
i?ioeanni?(u) nenoaiu. Windows NT aeeth/aao iaai? eiiiiiaioia
aaciianiinoe, eioi?ua aa?aioe?otho, /oi i?eeiaeaiey ia niiaoo
ia?aoeoueny e yobi ?ano?nai aac niioaaonoaothuaai ?ac?aoaiey.
Iiieoi? aaciianiinoe ioaa/aao ca i?iaaaeaiea a aeeciue iieeoeee i?iaa?ee
i?aaeeueiinoe aeinooia e eiio?iey, ii?aaeaeaiiie eieaeueiie iiaenenoaiie
aaciianiinoe. Iiieoi? aaciianiinoe iaania/eaaao oneoaa ii
iiaeoaa?aeaeaieth aeinooia e iauaeoai, i?iaa?ea i?eaeeaaee iieueciaaoaey
i aaia?aoeee niiauaiee eae aeey i?eaeeaae?iaaiiiai ?aaeeia, oae e aeey
?aaeeia iieueciaaoaey. Iiieoi? aaciianiinoe, iiaeiaii ae?oaei /anoyi
iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu, auiieiyaony a i?eaeeaae?iaaiiii ?aaeeia.
I?ioeann aoiaea a nenoaio (a iieueciaaoaeueneii ?aaeeia) e aaciianiua
caueuaiiua iiaenenoaiu – aeaa ae?oaeo eiiiiiaioa iiaeaee aaciianiinoe
Windows NT. Iiaenenoaia aaciianiinoe ecaanoia oaeaea eae eioaa?aeueiay
iiaenenoaia (a ioee/ea io iiaenenoai n?aaeu), o. e. iia aicaeaenoaoao ia
anth iia?aoeeiiioth nenoaio Windows NT.
ssae?i e eniieiythuay nenoaia Windows NT iniiaaiu ia
iaueaeoii-i?eaioe?iaaiiie iiaeaee, eioi?ay iaania/eaaao iai?ioeai?a/eaue
e oieoeoee?iaaiiue i?iniio? aaiianiinoe e i?aa aieioue aei
ooiaeaiaioaeueiuo iauaeoia, eioi?ua ninoaaeytho iniiao iia?aoeeiiiie
nenoaiu. Yoi icia/aao, /oi Windows NT eniieuecoao iaeeiaeiaua
i?ioeaaeo?u aeey i?iaa?ee i?aaeeueiinoe aeinooia e eiio?iey anao
caueuaiiuo iauaeoia. Oaeei ia?acii, eae a neo/aa iiiuoee aeinooia e
oaeeo ia aeenea, oae e i?e ia?auaiee e i?ioeanno a iaiyoue, aeey
auiieiaiey i?iaa?ee i?aaeeueiinoe aeinooia aoaeao eniieueciaai iaeei
eiiiiiaio a nenoaia, aia caaeneiinoe io oeia iauaeoa.
I?ioeann aoiaea a nenoaio a Windows NT i?aaeoniao?eaaao iaycaoaeueiue
aoiae a nenoaio aeey eaeaioeoeeaoeee iieueciaaoaey. Eaaeaeue
iieueciaaoaeue aeieaeai eiaoue athaeaeao e aeieaeai eniieueciaaoue
ia?ieue aeey ia?auaiey e yoiio athaeaeaoo.
I?aaeaea /ai iieueciaaoaeue niiaeao e ethaiio ?ano?no eiiiuethoa?a n
Windows NT, ii aeieaeai aieoe a nenoaio /a?ac i?ioeann aoiaea a nenoaio
aeey oiai, /oiau iiaenenoaia aaciianiinoe iiaea ?aniiciaoue eiy
iieueciaaoaey e ia?ieue. Iinea oniaoiiai onoaiiaeaiu iiaeeeiiinoe,
anyeee ?ac i?e ia?auaiee iieueciaaoaey e caueuaiiiio iauaeoo, iiioi?
aaciianiinoe auiieiyao i?ioeaaeo?o i?iaa?ee i?aaeeueiinoe aeinooia aeey
ii?aaeaeaiey i?aaa iieueciaaoaey ia ia?auaiea e yoiio iauaeoo.
Iiaeaeue aaciianiinoe oaeaea i?aaeoniao?eaaao eiio?ieue aeinooia, i?e
eioi?ii aeaaeaeaoe ?ano?na iiaeao ?ac?aoeoue iieueciaaoaeyi eee a?oiiai
ia?auaiea e ?ano?nai e iacia/eou ei oeiu aeinooia (iai?eia?, read, write
e delete),
Caueuaiiinoue ?ano?nia – iaeia ec iniaaiiinoae, i?aaeinoaaeyaiay
iiaeaeueth aaciianiinoe. Caaea/e ia iiaoo ia?auaoueny e /oaeei ?ano?nai
(oeia iaiyoe) eia/a, /ai /a?ac i?eiaiaiea niaoeeaeueiuo iaoaieciia
niaianoiiai eniieueciaaiee. Oaeie iiaeoiae iicaieyao i?iecaiaeeoue
ianee?iaeo iauaeoia.
Windows NT oaeaea i?aaeinoaaeyao n?aaenoaa eiio?iey, eioi?ua iicaieytho
aaeieieno?aoi?o oeene?iaaoue aeaenoaey iieueciaaoaey.
I?aaeinoaaueeyy aiciiaeiinoe, iiaeaeue aaciianiinoe Windows NT
i?aaeioa?auaao iieo/aiea i?eeiaeaieai i?aaeiaia?aiiiai eee
iai?aaeiaia?aiiiai ianaieoeeiie?iaaiiiai aeinooia e ?ano?nai ae?oaeo
i?eeiaeaiee eee iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu.
Iiaeaeue aaciianiinoe Windows NT ?ac?aaioaia a niioaaonoaee n o?iaiai
N2, ii?aaeaeaiiui Ieienoa?noaii iai?iiu NOA. Iaeaieaa aaaeiua o?aaiaaiey
o?iaiy aaciianiinoe N2 ia?a/eneaiu ieaea.
Aeaaeaeaoe ?ano?na (iai?eia?, oaeea) aeieaeai eiaoue aiciiaeiinoue
oi?aaeyoue aeinooiii e ?ano?no.
Iia?aoeeiiiay nenoaia aeieaeia caueuaoue iauaeou io
ianaieoeeiie?iaaiiiai eniieueciaaiey ae?oaeie i?ioeannaie. Iai?eia?,
nenoaia aeieaeia caueuaoue iaiyoue oae, /oiau aa niaea?aeeiia ia iiaei
/eoaoueny iinea inaiaiaeaeaiey i?ioeannii, e iinea oaeaeaiey oaeea ia
aeiioneaoue ia?auaiey e aeaiiui oaeea.
Ia?aae iieo/aieai aeinooia e nenoaia eaaeaeue iieueciaaoaeue aeieaeai
eaeaioeoeoee?iaaou naay, aaiaey oieeaeueiia eiy aoiaea a nenoaio e
ia?ieue. Nenoaia aeieaeia auoue niiniaia eniieueciaaoue yoo oieeaeueioth
eaeaioeoeeaoeeth aeey eiio?iey aeaenoaee iieueciaaoaey.
Aaeieieno?aoi? nenoaiu aeieaeai eiaoue aiciiaeiinoue eiio?iey naycaiiuo
n aaciianiinoueth niauoee (audit security-related events). Aeinooi e yoa
eiio?ieueiui aeaiiui aeieaeai auoue ia?aie/ai aaeieieno?aoi?ii.
Nenoaia aeieaeia caueuaoue naay io aiaoiaai aiaoaoaeuenoaa oeia
iiaeeoeeaoeee auiieiythuaeny nenoaiu eee o?aieiuo ia aeenea nenoaiiuo
oaeeia.
3.4 ?aaioa a naoyo Windows NT AS
Na?aa?u aac aeaiiuo Microsoft SQL Server a Centura SQLBase
Aacu aeaiiuo – iaiouaieaiay /anoue ethaie eioi?iaoeeiiiie nenoaiu.
Noa?ua NOAAe (dBase, Paradox e ae?.) aaniethoii ia oaeiaeaoai?ytho
o?aaiaaieyi naaiaeiyoiaai aeiy. Ei i?enoue neaaeothuea iaaeinoaoee: i?e
iaeiia?aiaiiie ?aaioa n AAe n ianeieueeeo ?aai/eo iano cia/eoaeueii
aic?anoaao iaa?ocea ia naoue; iie ia iaania/eaatho yooaeoeaiie ?aaiou n
aacaie aeaiiuo, ecia?yaiuie nioiyie iaaaaaeo e aieaa; ionoonoaotho
aeaeea iaoaieciu ?aca?aie/aiey aeinooia e eioi?iaoeee; neiaeiinoe a
?aaeecaoeee i?ioeaaeo? iiaeaea?aeee oeaeinoiinoe e ainnoaiiaeaiey a
neo/aa naiaa aiia?aoo?u eee iai?aaeeueiie ia?aaioee e iiiaia ae?oaia.
Nouanoaoao ?yae niiniaia ?aoaiey yoeo i?iaeai, iai?eia? i?eiaiaiea
SQL-na?aa?ia. A aeaoo neiaao – SQL-na?aa? i?aaenoaaeyao niaie i?ia?aiio,
eioi?ay i?eieiaao ana cai?inu eeeaioia e AAe e aica?auaao ei oieueei
?acoeueoao iienea.
Iaeiei ec aeiaieueii iiuiuo SQL-na?aa?ia, i?aaeiacia/aiiuo aeey
niaianoiie ?aaiou n Windows NT, yaeyaony SQL Server eiiiaiee Microsoft.
Ii iaeaaeaao iaieioie ianooaae?oaiinoueth: n aai iiiiuueth iiaeii
nicaeaaaoue i?eeiaeaiey eae aeey ?aai/eo a?oii, oae e aeey e?oiiuo
i?aaiecaoeee ?aaeiiaeueiiai o?iaiy. Ii eiaao iiuiue iaoaieci
?aieeeaoeee, iicaieythuee neio?iiece?iaaoue eioi?iaoeeth,
?aniieiaeaiioth a ?acee/iuo oceao naoe, /oi iaiaoiaeeii i?e iino?iaiee
?ani?aaeaeaiiuo eioi?iaoeeiiiuo nenoai.
Iaiaeiaaaeiia aeinoieinoai SQL Server – yooaeoeaiia eniieueciaaiea
?ano?nia iiiaii?ioeanni?iuo nenoai. ?acaeoua eioa?aeoeaiua n?aaenoaa
aaeieieno?e?iaaiey e iiieoi?eiaa aeaeatho eiio?ieue ca ?aaioie PCOIQ
na?aa?a i/aiue i?inoui. I?e iiiiue i?ia?aiiu aaeieieno?aoi?a iiaeii
cai?ia?aiie?iaaoue aeai?eoi aeaenoaee a neo/aa eiie?aoiuo neooaoeee.
E?iia oiai, SQL Server niaea?aeeo iaai? n?aaenoa aeaeie iano?ieee ia
eiie?aoiue eeann i?eeiaeaiee e iniaaiiinoae ie?oaeaiey.
Microsoft SQL Server – aeiaieueii iiuiay nenoaia. Anee aea aaoe caaea/e
ia o?aaotho oaeeo aiciiaeiinoae, oi noieo inoaiiaeoue auai? ia aieaa
eiiiaeo-. iii, ii ia iaiaa ?acaeoii SQL-na?aa?a SQLBase eiiiaiee Centura
(auaoay Gupta). Na?aa? SQLBase iaania/eaaao iaoaieci ?aieeeaoeee,
i?eaioe?iaaiiue a ia?aoth i/a?aaeue ia iiaeaea?aeeo neo/aeii
iiaeeeth/aaiuo eeeaioia (iai?eia?, aeaaeaeueoeu iiooaoeia). E?iia oiai,
ii iaeaaeaao ?acaeouie eioa?aeoeaiuie n?aaenoaaie aaeieieno?e?iaaiey e
oi?aaeaiey.
Na?aa?u ia/aoe e oaen-na?aa?u
A n?aaea Windows NT aiciiaeia ?aaeecaoeey naoaauo i?eeiaeaiee aeey
i?aaiecaoeee na?aenia a?oiiiaie ia/aoe e ioi?aaee oaeneieeueiuo
niiauaiee. Nouanoaoao iiiai i?iaeoeoia, iiaeaea?aeeaathueo yoe ooieoeee.
Iai?eia?, Castelle FaxPress – i?ia?aiiii-aiia?aoiue oaen-na?aa? aeey
n?aae Windows NT e Nove11 NetWare, i?e/ai iaeii oaeia ono?ienoai iiaeao
iiaeaea?aeeaaoue iaeiia?aiaiii eeeaioia e oie e ae?oaie IN.
Niaianoeiinoue n oi?iaoii PCL5 iaania/eaaao auni/aeoaa ea/anoai
enoiaeyueo oaenia. Castelle FaxPress iiaeaea?aeeaaao iaia?aie/aiiia
eiee/anoai oaee-na?aa?ia, iiaeao ianeoaeeaaoue iaeiei ono?ienoaii aei 4
oaeaoiiiuo eeiee n aiciiaeiinoueth eo i?iecaieueiie eiioeao?aoeee
(oieueei ia aoiae, oieueei ia auoiae ia aoiae/auoiae), i?iecaiaeeo
aaoiiaoe/aneia ?ani?aaeaeaiea enoiaeyueo oaenia iaaeaeo ianeieueeeie
ono?ienoaaie FaxPress n oeaeueth ?ani?aaeaeaiey iaa?ocee, inouanoaeyao
iiaeaea?aeeo iaueo e ee/iuo aae?aniuo eiea. E?iia oiai, ii
iiaeaea?aeeaaao n?aaenoaa aiaeeca ninoiyiey i/a?aaee enoiaeyueo
niiauaiee n aiciiaeiinoueth eciaiaiey e oaaaeiieaiey i i?eoaaeoeo
oaenao, n aai iiiiuueth iiaeii i?iniao?eaaoue e ia?aiai?aaeyoue i?eiyoua
oaenu. A ea/anoaa aeiiieieoaeueiie ooieoeee FaxPress iiaeii
?anniao?eaaoue aai ?aaioo a ?aaeeia i?eio-na?aa?a. Niaianoeiinoue aea ni
noaiaea?oii CAS iicaieyao eniieueciaaoue iaiei/ee i?ia?aii ae?oaeo oe?i,
nio?aiyy aiciiaeiinoue eioaa?aoeee FaxPress n ?acee/iuie nenoaiaie
yeaeo?iiiie ii/ou (cc:Mail, MHS, Groupwise, Notes, Ezchange), /oi aeaao
aiciiaeiinoue iinueaoue e i?eieiaoue oaenu ec iaiei/ee yeaeo?iiiie
ii/ou.
Aeaaea ia eiay onoaiiaeaiiiai ia noaioeee II FaxPress, iiaeii iinueaoue
oaenu, ioi?aaeyy ia ia/aoue aeieoiaiou eeai nio?aiyy eo a ii?aaeaeaiiii
eaoaeiaa. Iaai? eeth/aauo neia (Embedded Codes) a aeieoiaioa iicaieyao
oaen-na?aa?o ii?aaeaeeoue iiia? oaena aae?anaoa e o.ae. Ia iniiaa ECG
iiaoo auoue nicaeaiu neiaeiua nenoaiu ia?o?ooecaoeee enoiaeyueo oaenia.
Fax Billing System – nenoaia noaoenoeee e o/aoa enoiaeyueo oaenia,
iicaieythuay noaeeoue ia yooaeoeaiinoe n?aaenoa, auiea/eaaaiuo
i?aaiecaoeeae ca oaeaeiiioieeaoeeiiiua oneoae e iaania/eaathuay
ioneaaeeaaiea ioeaie i?e ia?aaea/a eee i?eaia oaenia.
Ae?oaie, ia iaiaa iiioey?iue i?iaeoeo aeey ?aaeecaoeee a?oiiiaie ia/aoe
– Castelle LanPress – iiiaii?ioieieueiue naoaaie aiia?aoiue
i?eio-na?aa?, eiathuee eiiaeiaoeeth iineaaeiaaoaeueiuo e ia?aeeaeueiuo
ii?oia. Eioi?iaoeey auaeaaony iaeiia?aiaiii ia ana ii?ou.
Ii eiaao oeaeue ?yae aiciiaeiinoae, aeaeathueo ?aaioo n iei i?eyoiie e
oaeiaiie aeey iieueciaaoaeae:
ia o?aaoao aeiiieieoaeueiiai iai?oaeiaaiey e i?ia?aiiiiai iaania/aiey;
eiaao Flash-iaiyoue e iiaeaea?aeeaaao NDS;
?aaioaao auno?aa, /ai i?eio-na?aa? Novell;
iaeaaeaao ano?iaiiuie ooieoeeyie oaeaeaiiiai na?ina, eiioeao?e?iaaiey e
iieo/aiey noaoenoeee;
iaania/eaaao iaeiia?aiaiioth ?aaioo n 16 oaee-na?aa?aie e 56 i/a?aaeyie
ia/aoe;
?aaioaao a ?aaeeiao PSERVER e RPMNTER
?aaioaao /a?ac iinou e ia?o?ooecaoi?u;
aaoiiaoe/aneia ainnoaiiaeaiea iinea naiaa a naoe;
iiaeaea?aeeaaaiua iia?aoeeiiiua nenoaiu: NetWare 2.x, 3.x, 4.o, Windows
NT, UNIX (SCO, SunOS, Solads, I?/UX, IBM AIX), Macintosh, a- oaeaea
naoaaua i?ioieieu IEEE 802.2, IEKE 802.3, Ethernet II, SNAP.
Eae iu aeaeei, iai?oaeiaaiea oe?iu CASTELLE i?aaenoaaeyao niaie iaai?
iieiiooieoeeiiaeueiuo aioiauo e eniieueciaaieth ono?ienoa.
Naoaaia ?aca?ae?iaaiea
Aieueoia cia/aiea a e?oiiuo naoyo i?eia?aoaao caueoa io iioa?ue
eioi?iaoeee, oae KRK naiia aaaeiia a naoe – o?aiyueany a iae aeaiiua.
Cheyenne ARCserve 6 aeey Windows NT iicaieyao nio?aiyoue e
ainnoaiaaeeaaoue anth oaeeiaoth nenoaio Windows NT. Iaeao ARCserve aeey
Windows NT iinoaaeyaony a o?ao aa?eaioao Enterprise Edition – nio?aiyao
ana aeaiiua a naoe Windows NT a iieiii iauaia; Singie Server –
inouanoaeyao ?aca?aiia eiie?iaaiea aeaaiiai na?aa?a; Workstation Edition
– iicaieyao eiie?iaaoue ?aai/ea noaioeee Windows NT a eieaeueiii
?aaeeia.
?aaioie ARCserve iiaeii oi?aaeyoue eae n na?aa?a oae e n ?aai/ae
noaioeee. I?iaeoeo oanii eioaa?e?iaai n Microsoft BackOffice.
ARCserve 6 auiieiyao eiie?iaaiea eioi?iaoeee n eiiiuethoa?ia DOS,
Windows 3.o, Windows for Workgroups, Windows 95, OS/2, Macintosh,
NetWare 3.x e 4.x, UNIX ia anao iiioey?iuo ieaooi?iao, Ii iicaieyao
nio?aiyoue na?aa?u aac aeaiiuo iiae oi?aaeaieai Microsoft SQL Server,
Microsoft Exchange Server, Oracle Servaa, SAP R/3 e Lotus Notes e
aeaiiua Internet, eniieuecoy FTP-i?ioieie. ARCserve 6 i?aaeinoaaeyao
n?aaenoaa auno?iai ainnoaiiaeaiey iinea iieiiai “iaaeaiey” na?aa?a aac
ia?aeinoaeeyoeee. E?iia oiai, nouanoaoao aiciiaeiinoue nio?aiyoue
eioi?iaoeeth ia RAID-ianneaa no?eia?iuo iaeiieoaeae.
Aua iaeii iiaoanoai – nio?aiaiea ieceio?iaiaaiai ia?aca oiia Windows NT
(a yoii ?aaeeia iaania/eaaaony iaeaunoay i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue).
Ooeeeoa Changer Options iicaieyao aaoiiaoece?iaaoue i?ioeannu niaiu
eannao, iiioe?iaaiey iaaaceiia eannao, i/enoee ono?ienoa, ?aaioathueo ni
niaiiuie iaaaceiaie iaaieoiuo eaio.
Anti-Virus Option inouanoaeyao eiiieaenioth caueoo aeaiiuo io
i?iieeiiaaiey ae?onia.
Iiaeaea?aeeaathony 4- e 8-ieeeeiao?iaua DAT-, QIC-02-, DLT-no?eia?u, a
oaeaea iaeiieoaee ia iioe/aneeo aeeneao iaeiie?aoiie caiene (WORM) e
ia?acaienuaaaiua iaaieoiiioe/aneea aeenee. Aeaaiaea?y aaoiiaoe/aneiio
?aaeeio oi?aaeaiey caaeaieyie Auto Pilot e i?e eniieueciaaiee
ae?ooaeueiuo aeaeeioa/iuo nenoai
oi?aaeaiee iaeiieoaeyie e iiaea/e eannao iieueciaaoaeue iieo/aao
iieiinoueth aaoiiaoece?iaaiioth naoaaoth nenoaio ?aca?ae?iaaiey aeaiiuo.
Eaioi/iua aeaeeioaea?e iinoaaeythony oe?iie ADIC. Iie eiatho iaaaceiu,
aiauathuea aei 15 eannao n noiia?iie aieinoueth aei 154 Aaaeo i?e
nei?inoe iaiaia aeaiiuie aei 60 Iaaeo/iei. Anee aea onoaiiaeoue aeaa
iaeiieoaey a iaeei aeaeeioaea?ue, nei?inoue iaiaia oaaee/eaaaony aei 120
Iaaeo/iei. Neaey?iua aea aeaeeioaea?e ia DLT-eacnaoao iaania/eaatho
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue 20 Iaaeo/n e aieinoue ii?yaeea 5 Oaaeo e auoa.
Na?aa? iiaeaea?aeee eieeaeoeaiie ?aaiou
Windows NT iiaeaea?aeeaaao iiiaea i?eeiaeaiey, i?aaeiacia/aiiua aeey
i?aaiecaoeee eieeaeoeaiie ?aaiou. Caeanue iu aieaa iiae?iaii inoaiiaeiny
ia i?ia?aiiiii eiiieaena Lotus Notes, oae eae ii oaeoe/anee yaeyaony
noaiaea?oii a iaeanoe i?ia?aiiiiai iaania/aiey eieeaeoeaiiai
iieueciaaiey e eaeaaeueii iiaeoiaeeo aeey aaoiiaoecaoeee
aeaeii?iecaiaenoaa iacaaeneii io no?oeoo?u, ianooaaa e aeaea
aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaiecaoeee. I?e iiiiue Lotus Notes ?ac?aaioea
i?eeiaeaiee inouanoaeyaony auno?i, ea/anoaaiii e n ieieiaeueiuie
cao?aoaie.
Lotus Notes – naiaenoai i?iaeoeoia, eioi?ia niaea?aeeo ana iaiaoiaeeiua
oaoiieiaee:
iaaeaaeioth e ia?aaeiaoth nenoaio ia?aaea/e niiauaiee a n?aaea
“eeeaio/na?aa?”;
iiuioth ?ani?aaeaeaiioth aeieoiaioioth aaco;
aiaaoue iaai? n?aaenoa ?ac?aaioee i?eeiaeaiee;
n?aaenoaa eioaa?aoeee n Internet.
Eiaiii acyoua aianoa, iie ea?aeeiaeueii oeo/oatho niinia aaaeaiey
aeciana, iicaieytho ono?aieoue o?aaeeoeeiiiua aioo?aiiea aa?uea?u e
iaeaaeeoue nayce iaaeaeo i?aaei?eyoeyie, iaania/eaay niaianoioth ?aaioo
iaae i?iaeoaie e eii?aeeiaoeeth no?aoaae/anee aaaeiuo aecian-i?ioeannia,
/oi iiiiaaao ioneaaeeaaoue, no?oeoo?e?iaaoue e niaianoii eniieueciaaoue
eioi?iaoeeth iacaaeneii io oa?aeoa?a e ianoiiieiaeaiey.
Yoio i?ia?aiiiue iaeao eiaao ano?iaiiua n?aaenoaa ia?aaea/e niiauaiee
Lotus Notes Mail, Eioi?iaoeey iiaeao iinooiaoue a ?acee/iuo, oi?iaoao
(oaeno, ecia?aaeaiea, aeaeai, caoe) e io ?acee/iuo enoi/ieeia
(i?eeeaaeiua i?ia?aiiu, neaia?u, oaen-aiia?aou e ae?.). Iiaeaea?aeea
oaoiieiaee Workflow iicaieyao aaoiiaoe/anee ia?aiai?aaeyoue aeieoiaiou
io eeeaioa e eeeaioo a niioaaonoaee n i?eiyoie nenoaiie
aeieoiaioiiai?ioa.
Lotus Notes Server iiaeaea?aeeaaao neiiao?e/ioth ioeueoei?ioeanni?ioth
ia?aaioeo e ianeoaeeaaao aei 1000 iaeiia?aiaiii ?aaioathueo eeeaioneeo
/anoae. Iaoaieci Single Ni?o Object Store iioeiece?oao aeeneiaia
i?ino?ainoai, nio?aiyy oieueei iaeio eiieth niiauaiey ia na?aa?a.
Aaaeiay iniaaiiinoue Lotus Notes – ?aieeeaoeey eioi?iaoeee,
aaoiiaoe/aneay iiaeaea?aeea aeooaeueiinoe aeaiiuo a aacao, ?aciauaiiuo
ia ?aciuo na?aa?ao. Oaoiieiaey ?aieeeaoeee Lotus Notes iaania/eaaao
?aaioo oaeaeaiiuo iieueciaaoaeae eae a ?aaeeia On-line, oae e a ?aaeeia
Off-line. Aeey acaeiiaeaenoaey n ?acee/iuie nenoaiaie yeaeo?iiiie ii/ou
(MHS, cc:Mail, Relcom, X.25) i?eiaiythony eiiioieeaoeeiiiua oethcu,
iaania/eaathuea eioaa?aoeeth Lotus Notes.”
I?ia?aiiiia iaania/aiea InterNotes Web Naviga-tor i?aaeinoaaeyao i?yiie
aeinooi e Internet, a Inter-Notes Web Publisher iicaieyao nicaeaaaoue,
oi?aaeyoue e aaeieieno?e?iaaoue aioo?aiiea Intranet-naoe, a oaeaea
iauanoaaiiua WWW-na?aa?u ca n/ao eniieueciaaiey Notes 4.
Notes eniieuecoao nenoaio oeo?aoeee RSA Public Key/Private Key e
yeaeo?iiioth iiaeienue, a oaeaea aiciiaeiinoue oeo?iaaiey aeieoiaioia e
ioaeaeueiuo iieae ii eeth/o. Iiaeaea?aeeaaao iia?aoeeiiiua nenoaiu:
eiiiuethoa?ia-eeeaioia – IBM OS/2 Warp, Microsoft Windows 3.1, Microsoft
Windows 95, Microsoft Windows NT Intel e Alpha, Apple Macintosh 68000 e
PowerPC, IBM EO, Sun Solaris o86 e SPARCsystems, HP-UX;
eiiiuethoa?ia-na?aa?ia – IBM OS/2 SMP, Microsoft Windows 95, Microsoft
Windows NT, Novell NetWare, IBM AIX, Sun Solaris, HP-UX.
Notes iiaeao ?aaioaoue n naoaauie a?oeoaeoo?aie A?pleTalk,
NetBIOS/NetBEUI, SPX/IPX, ON?/IP, VINES, XNS, X.25, SNA Lotus Notes.
Aieaa 11 000 aecian-ia?oia?ia Lotus ii anaio ie?o i?aaeeaaatho
eioaa?aoeeth, iiaeeoeeaoeeth e ?ac?aaioeo i?eeiaeaiee, a oaeaea
ieacuaatho oneoae ii iao/aieth e eiinoeueoaoeee.
Ii/oiaue na?aa? Microsoft Exchange
Microsoft Exchange aeaao aiciiaeiinoue i?inoi e oaeiaii i?aaieciaaoue
iaiai e niaianoiia eniieueciaaiea eioi?iaoeee aioo?e eieeaeoeaa, iaaeaeo
eieeaeoeaaie e iaaeaeo i?aaiecaoeeyie. Ii ?ac?aaioai n o/aoii
niaianoiiai- eniieueciaaiey n nouanoaothueie i?ia?aiiaie e naoyie, /oi
iicaieyao nio?aiyoue eiaanoeoeee i?e aaoiiaoecaoeee ioena.
Exchange i?aaeinoaaeyao iyoue iniiaiuo ooieoeee:
niaianoiia eniieueciaaiea eioi?iaoeee;
ia?aaea/o niiauaiee;
a?oiiiaia ieaie?iaaiea a?aiaie;
aeecaei yeaeo?iiiuo oi?i;
?ac?aaioeo i?eeiaeaiee,
Exchange iino?iai ii a?oeoaeoo?a “eeeaio/na?aa?”, /oi iicaieyao
aeinoe/ue iaeaunoae i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe. Na?aa?iay /anoue iaania/eaaao
oi?aaeaiea neoaeaie eaoaeiaa e neio?iiecaoeeth eaoaeiaia ia anao
na?aa?ao, oi?aaeaiea aeinooiii e eioi?iaoeee, o?aiaiea
no?oeoo?e?iaaiiiai a?oeaa aeieoiaioia e niiauaiee, ia?aaea/o e
ia?o?ooecaoeeth niiauaiee, eiio?ieue ca ninoiyieai na?aa?ia e
niaaeeiaiee, a oaeaea ?aieeeaoeeth ei oi?iaoeee.
Na?aa?iay /anoue ?aaioaao ia ieaooi?ia Windows NT e iiaeao
eniieueciaaoue ethaie ec naoaauo i?ioieieia -IPX/SFX, NetBIOS, TCP/IP,
AppleTalk.
Eeeaioneay /anoue iiaeaea?aeeaaao OLE2, /oi aeaao aiciiaeiinoue
?aaeaeoe?iaaoue ano?iaiiua iauaeou a oaea niiauaiey e ia?aiineoue
iauaeou ec ae?oaeo i?eeiaeaiee. Oaeay iiaeaea?aeea nouanoaoao aeey DOS.
Windows 3,o, Windows 95, Windows NT, UNIX. Aiciiaeii iiaeeeth/aiea
oaeaeaiiuo iieueciaaoaeae.
I?aaeea aaoiiaoe/aneie ia?aaioee niiauaiee iicaieytho ia?aiai?aaeyoue,
ni?oe?iaaoue e ioaa/aoue ia ii?aaeaeaiiua (ii caaeaiiui iieueciaaoaeai
e?eoa?eyi) niiauaiey.
Oi?ioi i?iaeoiai i?ioeann aaeieieno?e?iaaiey. N iaeiiai ?aai/aai ianoa
aaeieieno?aoi? iiaeao eiioeao?e?iaaoue e oi?aaeyoue anae nenoaiie, a
oaeaea i?iniao?eaaoue aa no?oio n iiiiuueth oaeiaiiai a?aoe/aneiai
eioa?oaena, I?e yoii ii eiaao aiciiaeiinoue ia?aie/eaaoue ?acia? iaiie e
n?ie o?aiaiey eioi?iaoeee a ieo, ii?aaeaeyoue i?aaa aeinooia e iaieai e
neio?iiece?iaaoue eo niaea?aeeiia aeey ?acee/iuo na?aa?ia.
Aunieay noaiaiue iaaeaaeiinoe aeinoeaaaony aeaaiaea?y eioaeeaeooaeueiie
ia?o?ooecaoeee, eioi?ay onoaiaaeeaaao ianeieueei niaaeeiaiee iaaeaeo
iaeieie e oaie aea na?aa?aie. Ia iineaaeithth ?ieue ea?aao
ioeacionoie/eainoue, iicaieythuay ainnoaiaaeeaaoue eioi?iaoeeth iinea
naiaa. Iinoiyiiua i?iaa?ee ninoiyiey nenoaiu n aaoiiaoe/aneei
oaaaeiieaieai ia ioeaeao e caioneii ainnoaiaaeeaathueo i?ioeannia
iaania/eaatho naiaa?aiaiiinoue e iia?aoeaiinoue aeaenoaee
aaeieieno?aoi?a.
Iaaeaaeiay nenoaia caueou iicaieyao i?iniao?eaaoue eioi?iaoeeth oieueei
eeeaioai, iaeaaeathuei niioaaonoaothueie i?aaaie, E?iia oiai, niiauaiey
iio auoue caoeo?iaaiu ee/iui eeth/ii e niaaaeaiu yeaeo?iiiie
iiaeienueth.
Exchange eiaao oieaa?naeueiue eioa?oaen, eioi?ue iaania/eaaao
acaeiiaeaenoaea n Microsoft Mail, Lotus cc:Mail, IBM PROFS, a oaeaea
iiaeaea?aeeaaao noaiaea?oiua i?ioieieu (O.400, TCP/IP, MAPI, X.500, PPP,
ODBC e ae?.). N?aaenoaa ?ac?aaioee Exchange i?aaeeaaatho oe?ieee auai?
aiciiaeiinoae aeey nicaeaiey nianoaaiiuo i?eeiaeaiee n eniieueciaaieai
Visual Basic, Visual N, OLE Messaging, MAP] PDK e Exchange SDK.
N?aaenoaa nayce n Internet
Microsoft Exchange Sever – ia?aay na?aa?iay i?ia?aiia aeey iaiaia
niiauaieyie n eioaa?e?iaaiiuie n?aaenoaaie a?oiiiaie ?aaiou e auoiaeii a
Internet. Internet Mail Connector – ninoaaiay /anoue Exchange –
iicaieyao iaiaieaaoueny niiauaieyie n iieueciaaoaeyie Internet,
i?eiaiyy? iaiaia i?ioieieu SMTP, MIME, UUENCODE.
Internet Mail Connector iiaeii iano?ieoue eae SMTP-eeeaio, SMTP-na?aa? e
eae SMTP-eeeaio e na?aa? iaeii a?aiaiii. Yoa i?ia?aiia iiaeao
ooieoeeiie?iaaoue eae SMTP-oino, auiieiyy ia?o?ooecaoeeth i?e ia?aaea/a
niiauaiee. A na?aaeeia 1996 aiaea iiyaeeenue aeiiieie oaeueiua i?iaeoou
aeey eioaa?aoeee MS Exchange e Inter net. I?aaeaea anaai yoi Microsoft
Exchange WEB Connector, neoaeauee aeey eioaa?aoeee n?aaenoa ia?aaioee
niiauaiee Microsoft Exchange n WWW.
Aiciiaeiinoue iaiaia eioi?iaoeeae n Microsoft Internet Information
Server (i?iaeoeo aeey i?aaiecaoeee na?aa?ia Internet – iniiaiie a naiae
eaoaai?ee) iicaieyao iieueciaaoaeyi Exchange iieo/aoue eioi?iaoeeth n
WWW-na?aa?ia. Web Connector iiaeao aaoiiaoe/anee i?aia?aciauaaoue
niiauaiey e ae?oaoth eioi?iaoeeth, o?aiyuothny ia na?aa?a Exchange, a
WWW-no?aieoeu. Microsoft Internet News Connector ?aaioaao ni neoaeaaie
iiainoae oae aea, eae n i?eau/iuie iaieaie iauaai aeinooia.
Eae iu aeaeei, niaeo? i?iaeoeoia, ?aaioathueo iiae Windows NT,
aeiaieueii oe?ie e iaania/eaaao iieiia oaeiaeaoai?aiea cai?inia naoaauo
niaoeeaeenoia. Ia naaiaeiyoiee aeaiue iie eiatho ana iaiaoiaeeiia aeey
ii no?iaiey aunieiyooaeoeaiuo naoaauo eiiieaenia, ?aoathueo
?aciiia?aciua caaea/e.
Aeaaa 4. Aiaeec aiciiaeiinoae IN UNIX
Naoe, iino?iaiiua ec eiiiuethoa?ia iiae oi?aaeaieai IN UNIX, ianeieueei
ioee/athony io iniiaaiiuo ia DOS iaeii?aiaiauo EAN, a oaeaea e io
NetWare, LAN Manager e LAN Server. A aeaiiie aeaaa ?anniao?eaathony yoe
?acee/ey.
I?eia/aoaeueii, /oi eo/oea naienoaa iia?aoeeiiiuo nenoai aeey
iaeii?aiaiauo EAN NetWare e LAN Manager/LAN Server iiaeii iaeoe a EAN,
iniiaaiiuo ia IN UNIX. Aia/aea aaeeinoaaiiui iaaeinoaoeii iia?aoeeiiiie
nenoaiu UNIX auei, iiaeaeoe, oi, /oi iia aeiaieueii aei?iaa, neiaeia a
eniieueciaaiee e i?aaeiacia/aeanue a iniiaiii aeey ?aaiou ia aei?iaeo
eiiiuethoa?ao aeey ?aoaiey neiaeiuo eiaeaia?iuo e iao/iuo caaea/. Ii, a
oa/aiea ?yaea eao ni a?aiaie aa nicaeaiey, auei i?eeiaeaii iaiaei
o?oaea i?ia?aiienoia aeey na oniaa?oainoaiaaiey. Ianiio?y ia oi, /oi
UNIX aeiaieueii a?iiicaeea e ?ac?aaaouaaeanue eae iia?aoeeiiiay nenoaia
iauaai i?eiaiaiey, iia oai ia iaiaa iiaeao yooaeoeaii i?eiaiyoueny
eae iniiaa aeey i?aaiecaoeee EAN, a oii /enea n i?eiaiaieai
RISC-eiiiuethoa?ia, oaeeo eae IBM AS/6000.
EAN, oi?aaeyaiua iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiie UNIX, aeey ia?aaea/e aeaiiuo
iaaeaeo eiiiuethoa?aie /anoi eniieuecotho TCP/IP. Oi?iaeueii, TCP/IP
i?aaenoaaeyao niaie aeaa i?ioieiea, a aieaa oi/ii TCP/IP eniieuecoaony a
ea/anoaa oa?ieia aeey iaicia/aiey iaai?a i?ioieieia e aniiiiaaoaeueiiai
i?ia?aiiiiai iaania/aiey.
Ia ?uiea i?aaeeaaathony ianeieueei iia?aoeeiiiuo nenoai aeey i?eiaiaiey
UNIX-eiiiuethoa?ia a ea/anoaa oaeeiauo na?aa?ia, auioneaaiuo ?aciuie
i?iecaiaeeoaeyie naoaauo IN. A yoie aeaaa i?iaiaeeony aeaoaeueiia
?anniio?aiea o?ao eo/oeo ec oaeeo nenoai: PC Interface (iinoaaeyaiay
oe?iie IBM eae AIO Access for DOS Users eee AADU), POWERfusion aianoa n
POWERserve e Network File System (NFS).
UNIX yaeyaony iiiaiiieueciaaoaeueneie, iiiaicaaea/iie iia?aoeeiiiie
nenoaiie iauaai iacia/aiey. Eiiiuethoa?, ?aaioathuee iiae oi?aaeaieai
UNIX, iiaeao iaeiia?aiaiii ?aoaoue ianeieueei caaea/, i?eiaaeeaaeaueo
?ac ee/iui iieueciaaoaeyi. I?e yoii i?ioeann oi?aaeaiey yoeie caaea/aie
inouanoaeyaony n ?aciuo oa?ieiaeia, i?eniaaeeiaiiuo e iniiaiie
UNIX-iaoeia. Aeey iieo/aiey ?ac?aoaiey ?aaiou ia eiiiuethoa?a aia/aea
iaiaoiaeeii i?ieoe i?ioeaaeo?o i?eniaaeeiaiey (login). A nenoaia UNIX
ca?aaeno?e?iaaiiua iieueciaaoaee iauaaeeiaiu a a?oiiu, e nenoaiiue
aaeieieno?aoi? aeeth/aao eaaeaeiai iiaiai iieueciaaoaey a iaeio ec oaeeo
a?oii.
A 1969 aiaeo a eiiiaiee Bell Laboratories a?oiiie nio?oaeieeia AT&T auea
nicaeaia ia?aay aa?ney iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu UNIX aeey iaeie YAI PDP-7.
A 1973 aiaeo Eyi Oiiinii e Aeyiien ?eo/e ia?aaaee iia?aoeeiiioth nenoaio
UNIX ia ycue i?ia?aiie?iaaiey Ne. Yoi iaeaa/eei aa eniieueciaaiea ia YAI
?acee/iiai oeia. N 1973 aiaea yae?i UNIX i?aeoe/anee ia eciaiyeinue.
Ia/eiay n 1974 aiaea, oe?ia AT&T eeoeaice?iaaea iia?aoeeiiioth nenoaio
UNIX ?acee/iui oieaa?neoaoai aeey ia?aciaaoaeueiuo oeaeae, a /a?ac ia
neieueei eao naeaeaea aa eiiia?/aneei i?iaeoeoii. A ianoiyuaa a?aiy
oe?ia AT&T i?iaeaao eeoeaicee ia eniieueciaaiea enoiaeiuo oaenoia
iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu UNIX i?iecaiaeeoaeyi eiiiuethoa?ia. Yoi noaei
aiciiaeiui aeaai aea?y oiio, /oi yoa nenoaia i?eia?aea oe?ieoth
iiioey?iinoue e iiyaeeinue aieueoia eiee/anoai i?eeeaaeiuo i?ia?aii aeey
iaa.
I?iecaiaeeoaee iiauo eiiiuethoa?ia, iaania/ea niaianoeiinoue naiae
i?iaeoeoeee n iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiie e iieoiay eeoeaiceth ia IN o AT&T,
aaoiiaoe/anee aa?aioe?otho ?aaioiniiniaiinoue anaai i?eeeaaeiiai
i?ia?aiiiiai iaania/aiey aeey yoie iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu ia naieo
ecaeaeeyo.
Na?aeoeai IN UNIX yaeyaony aa yae?i, ?aaioathuaa a ?aaeeia ?acaeaeaiey
a?aiaie. I?ia?aiiiia iaania/aiea iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu auiieiyao oaeaea
ooieoeee ?ani?aaeaeaiey ?ano?nia iaaeaeo i?eeeaaeiuie i?ia?aiiaie,
iaeiia?aiaiii ?aaioathueie ia eiiiuethoa?a. Eioa?oaen n iieueciaaoaeai a
nenoaia UNIX inouanoaeyaony i?ia?aiiie-iaiei/eie (shell), eioi?ay iiaeao
?aaioaoue iin?aaenoaii eiiaiaeiuo no?ie eee n iiiiuueth a?aoe/aneiai
iieueciaaoaeueneiai eioa?oaena, iicaieyy eiie?iaaoue – oaeeu, caioneaoue
i?eeeaaeiua i?ia?aiiu e o. i. E?iia oiai, a ninoaa iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu
UNIX aoiaeyo aeanyoee iaaaaaeo i?eeeaaeiiai i?ia?aiiiiai iaania/aiey e
ooeeeo, eniieueciaaiea eioi?uo o?aaoao ii?aaeaeaiiie eaaeeoeeaoeee io
iieueciaaoaeae. Aio ii/aio UNIX i?eia?aea ?aiooaoeeth neiaeiie e
caiooaiiie iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu.
4.1 Iaci? a?oeoaeoo?u
A yoii ?acaeaea ?anniio?aia a?oeoaeoo?a aa?oiaai o?iaiy nenoaiu UNIX.
Oaoie/aneea n?aaenoaa UNIX auiieiytho ooieoeee, iaania/eaathuea
ooieoeeiie?iaaiea iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu e ia?a/eneaiiua a ?acaeaea
i?ia?aii. Iineieueeo i?ia?aiiu ia caaenyo io aiia?aoo?u, eo eaaei
ia?aiineoue ec iaeiie nenoaiu UNIX a ae?oaoth, ooieoeeiie?othuoth ia
ae?oaii eiiieaena oaoie/aneeo n?aaenoa, anee oieueei a yoeo i?ia?aiiao
ia iiae?acoiaaaaony ?aaioa n eiie?aoiui iai?oaeiaaieai. Iai?eia?,
i?ia?aiiu, ?ann/eoaiiua ia ii?aaeaeaiiue ?acia? iaoeiiiai neiaa,
ai?acaei o?oaeiaa ia?aaiaeeoue ia ae?oaea iaoeiu ii n?aaiaieth n
i?ia?aiiaie, ia o?aaothueie iiaeiaiuo onoaiiaeaiee.
I?ia?aiiu, iiaeiaiua eiiaiaeiiio i?ioeanni?o shell e ?aaeaeoi?ai,
acaeiiaeaenoaotho n yae?ii i?e iiiiue oi?ioi ii?aaeaeaiiiai iaai?a
ia?auaiee e iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaia. Ia?auaiey e iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaia
iiioaeaeatho yae?i e auiieiaieth ?acee/iuo iia?aoeee, eioi?uo o?aaoao
aucuaathuay i?ia?aiia, e iaania/eaatho iaiai aeaiiuie iaaeaeo yae?ii e
i?ia?aiiie. Iaeioi?ua ec i?ia?aii a noaiaea?oiuo eiioeao?aoeeyo nenoaiu
ecaanoiu eae eiiaiaeu, iaeiaei ia iaeiii o?iaia n ieie iiaoo
?aniieaaaoueny e aeinooiiua iieueciaaoaeth i?ia?aiiu. Ae?oaea
i?eeeaaeiua i?ia?aiiu ?aniieaaathony auoa oeacaiiuo i?ia?aii, ia aa?oiai
o?iaia. Iieueciaaoaeue iiaeao ?anoe?eoue ea?a?oe/aneoth no?oeoo?o ia
noieueei o?iaiae, neieueei iaiaoiaeeii. A naiii aeaea, noeeue
i?ia?aiie?iaaiey, i?eiyoue a nenoaia UNIX, aeiioneaao ?ac?aaioeo
eiiaeiaoeee i?ia?aii, auiieiythueo iaeio e oo aea, iauoth caaea/o.
Iiiaea i?eeeaaeiua iiaenenoaiu e i?ia?aiiu, ninoaaeythuea aa?oiee
o?iaaiue nenoaiu, oaeea eae eiiaiaeiue i?ioeanni? shell, ?aaeaeoi?u,
SCCS (nenoaia ia?aaioee enoiaeiuo oaenoia i?ia?aii) e iaeaou i?ia?aii
iiaeaioiaee aeieoiaioaoeee, iinoaiaiii noaiiayony neiiieiii iiiyoey
“nenoaia UNIX”. Iaeiaei ana iie iieuecothony oneoaaie i?ia?aii
ieaeieo o?iaiae e a eiia/iii n/aoa yae?a n iiiiuueth iaai?a ia?auaiee e
iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaia. A aa?nee V i?eiyoi 64 oeia ia?auaiee e
iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaia, ec eioi?uo iaiiiaei iaiueoa iieiaeiu
eniieuecothony /anoi. Iie eiatho ianeiaeiua ia?aiao?u, /oi iaeaa/aao eo
eniieueciaaiea, i?aaeinoaaeyy i?e yoii aieueoea aiciiaeiinoe
iieueciaaoaeth. Iaai? ia?auaiee e iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaia aianoa n
?aaeecothueie eo aioo?aiieie aeai?eoiaie ninoaaeytho “oaei” yae?a, a
nayce n /ai ?anniio?aiea iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu UNIX a yoii ?acaeaea
naiaeeony e iiae?iaiiio eco/aieth e aiaeeco ia?auaiee e nenoaia e eo
acaeiiaeaenoaey iaaeaeo niaie. Ei?i/a aiai?y, yae?i ?aaeecoao ooieoeee,
ia eioi?uo iniiauaaaony auiieiaiea anao i?eeeaaeiuo i?ia?aii a nenoaia
UNIX, e ei aea ii?aaeaeythony yoe ooieoeee. A yoie aeaaa /anoi
oiio?aaeythony oa?ieiu “nenoaia UNIX”, “yae?i” eee “nenoaia”, iaeiaei
i?e yoii eiaaony aaeaeo yae?i iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu UNIX, /oi e aeieaeii
auoaeaoue ec eiioaenoa.
Ooieoeee iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu
Auiieiyy ?acee/iua yeaiaioa?iua iia?aoeee ii cai?inai iieueciaaoaeueneeo
i?ioeannia, yae?i iaania/eaaao ooieoeeiie?iaaiea iieueciaaoaeueneiai
eioa?oaena, iienaiiiai auoa. N?aaee ooieoeee yae?a iiaeii ioiaoeoue:
Oi?aaeaiea auiieiaieai i?ioeannia iin?aaenoaii eo nicaeaiey, caaa?oaiey
eee i?einoaiiaee e i?aaiecaoeee acaeiiaeaenoaey iaaeaeo ieie.
Ieaie?iaaiea i/a?aaeiinoe i?aaeinoaaeaiey auiieiythueiny i?ioeannai
a?aiaie oeaio?aeueiiai i?ioeanni?a (aeeniao/a?ecaoeey). I?ioeannu
?aaioatho n oeaio?aeueiui i?ioeanni?ii a ?aaeeia ?acaeaeaiey a?aiaie:
oeaio?aeueiue i?ioeanni? auiieiyao i?ioeann, ii caaa?oaiee
ion/eouaaaiiai yae?ii eaaioa a?aiaie i?ioeann i?einoaiaaeeaaaony e yae?i
aeoeaece?oao auiieiaiea ae?oaiai i?ioeanna. Iicaeiaa yae?i caioneaao
i?einoaiiaeaiiue i?ioeann.
Auaeaeaiea auiieiyaiiio i?ioeanno iia?aoeaiie iaiyoe. ssae?i
iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu aeaao i?ioeannai aiciiaeiinoue niaianoii
eniieueciaaoue o/anoee aae?aniiai i?ino?ainoaa ia ii?aaeaeaiiuo
oneiaeyo, caueuay i?e yoii aae?aniia i?ino?ainoai, auaeaeaiiia
i?ioeanno, io aiaoaoaeuenoaa ecaia. Anee nenoaia o?aaoaony naiaiaeiay
iaiyoue, yae?i inaiaiaeaeaao iaiyoue, a?aiaiii aua?oaeay i?ioeann ia
aiaoiea caiiieiathuea ono?ienoaa, eioi?ua iacuaatho ono?ienoaaie
aua?ocee. Anee yae?i aua?oaeaao i?ioeannu ia ono?ienoaa aua?ocee
oeaeeeii, oaeay ?aaeecaoeey nenoaiu UNIX iacuaaaony nenoaiie ni
naiieiaii (iiaeea/eie); anee aea ia ono?ienoai aua?ocee auaiaeyony
no?aieoeu iaiyoe, oaeay nenoaia iacuaaaony nenoaiie n caiauaieai
no?aieoe.
Auaeaeaiea aiaoiae iaiyoe n oeaeueth iaania/aiey yooaeoeaiiai o?aiaiey
eioi?iaoeee e auai?ea aeaiiuo iieueciaaoaey. Eiaiii a i?ioeanna
?aaeecaoeee yoie ooieoeee nicaeaaony oaeeiaay nenoaia. ssae?i auaeaeyao
aiaoithth iaiyoue iiae iieueciaaoaeueneea oaeeu, iiaeeecoao
iaeniieuecoaioth iaiyoue, no?oeoo?e?oao oaeeiaoth nenoaio a oi?ia,
aeinooiiie aeey iiieiaiey, e caueuaao iieueciaaoaeueneea oaeeu io
ianaieoeeiie?iaaiiiai aeinooia.
Oi?aaeaiea aeinooiii i?ioeannia e ia?eoa?eeiui ono?ienoaai, oaeei eae
oa?ieiaeu, eaioi/iua ono?ienoaa, aeeneiaiaeu e naoaaia iai?oaeiaaiea.
Auiieiaiea yae?ii naieo ooieoeee aeiaieueii i/aaeaeii. Iai?eia?, iii
ociaao, /oi aeaiiue oaee yaeyaony iau/iui oaeeii eee ono?ienoaii, ii
ne?uaaao yoi ?acee/ea io iieueciaaoaeueneeo i?ioeannia. Oae aea iii,
oi?iaoe?oy eioi?iaoeeth oaeea aeey aioo?aiiaai o?aiaiey, caueuaao
aioo?aiiee oi?iao io iieueciaaoaeueneeo i?ioeannia, aica?auay ei
iaiooi?iaoe?iaaiiue iioie aaeoia. Iaeiiaoe, yae?i ?aaeecoao ?yae
iaiaoiaeeiuo ooieoeee ii iaania/aieth auiieiaiey i?ioeannia
iieueciaaoaeueneiai o?iaiy, ca eneeth/aieai ooieoeee, eioi?ua iiaoo
auoue ?aaeeciaaiu ia naiii iieueciaaoaeueneii o?iaia. Iai?eia?, yae?i
auiieiyao aeaenoaey, iaiaoiaeeiua shell’o eae eioa?i?aoaoi?o eiiaiae:
iii iicaieyao i?ioeanni?o shell /eoaoue aaiaeeiua n oa?ieiaea aeaiiua,
aeeiaie/anee ii?iaeaeaoue i?ioeannu, neio?iiece?iaaoue auiieiaiea
i?ioeannia, ioe?uaaoue eaiaeu e ia?aaae?aniauaaoue aaiae-auaiae.
Iieueciaaoaee iiaoo ?ac?aaaouaaoue naie aa?nee eiiaiaeiiai i?ioeanni?a
shell n oai, /oiau i?eaanoe ?aai/oth n?aaeo a niioaaonoaea ni naieie
o?aaiaaieyie, ia cao?aaeaay ae?oaeo iieueciaaoaeae. Oaeea i?ia?aiiu
iieuecothony oaie aea oneoaaie yae?a, /oi e noaiaea?oiue i?ioeanni?
shell.
I?aaeiieaaaaiay aiia?aoiay n?aaea
Auiieiaiea iieueciaaoaeueneeo i?ioeannia a nenoaia UNIX inouanoaeyaony
ia aeaoo o?iaiyo: o?iaia iieueciaaoaey e o?iaia yae?a. Eiaaea i?ioeann
i?iecaiaeeo ia?auaiea e iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaia, ?aaeei auiieiaiey
i?ioeanna ia?aeeth/aaony n ?aaeeia caaea/e (iieueciaaoaeueneiai) ia
?aaeei yae?a: iia?aoeeiiiay nenoaia iuoaaony ianeoaeeoue cai?in
iieueciaaoaey, aica?auay eiae ioeaee a neo/aa iaoaea/iiai caaa?oaiey
iia?aoeee. Aeaaea anee iieueciaaoaeue ia ioaeaeaaony a eaeeo-eeai
ii?aaeaeaiiuo oneoaao iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu e ia ia?auaaony e iae n
cai?inaie, nenoaia aua auiieiyao o/aoiua iia?aoeee, naycaiiua n
iieueciaaoaeueneei i?ioeannii, ia?aaaouaaao i?a?uaaiey, ieaie?oao
i?ioeannu, oi?aaeyao ?ani?aaeaeaieai iaiyoe e o.ae. Aieueoeinoai
au/eneeoaeueiuo nenoai ?aciiia?aciie a?oeoaeoo?u (e niioaaonoaothuea ei
iia?aoeeiiiua nenoaiu) iiaeaea?aeeaatho aieueoaa /enei o?iaiae, /ai
oeacaii caeanue, iaeiaei oaea aeaoo ?aaeeiia, ?aaeeia caaea/e e ?aaeeia
yae?a, aiieia aeinoaoi/ii aeey nenoaiu UNIX.
Iniiaiua ?acee/ey iaaeaeo yoeie aeaoiy ?aaeeiaie:
A ?aaeeia caaea/e i?ioeannu eiatho aeinooi oieueei e naiei nianoaaiiui
eino?oeoeeyi e aeaiiui, ii ia e eino?oeoeeyi e aeaiiui yae?a (eeai
ae?oaeo i?ioeannia). Iaeiaei a ?aaeeia yae?a i?ioeannai oaea aeinooiiu
aae?aniua i?ino?ainoaa yae?a e iieueciaaoaeae. Iai?eia?, ae?ooaeueiia
aae?aniia i?ino?ainoai i?ioeanna iiaeao auoue iiaeaeaii ia aae?ana,
aeinooiiua oieueei a ?aaeeia yae?a, e ia aae?ana, aeinooiiua a ethaii
?aaeeia.
Iaeioi?ua iaoeiiua eiiaiaeu yaeythony i?eaeeaae?iaaiiuie e aucuaatho
aicieeiiaaiea ioeaie i?e iiiuoea eo eniieueciaaiey a ?aaeeia caaea/e.
Iai?eia?, a iaoeiiii ycuea iiaeao auoue eiiaiaea, oi?aaeythuay ?aaeno?ii
ninoiyiey i?ioeanni?a; i?ioeannai, auiieiythueiny a ?aaeeia caaea/e, iia
iaaeinooiia.
I?iua aiai?y, ethaia acaeiiaeaenoaea n aiia?aoo?ie iienuaaaony a
oa?ieiao ?aaeeia yae?a e ?aaeeia caaea/e e i?ioaeaao iaeeiaeiai aeey
anao iieueciaaoaeueneeo i?ia?aii, auiieiythueony a yoeo ?aaeeiao.
Iia?aoeeiiiay nenoaia o?aieo aioo?aiiea caiene i eaaeaeii i?ioeanna,
auiieiythuainy a nenoaia.
Ianiio?y ia oi, /oi nenoaia ooieoeeiie?oao a iaeiii ec aeaoo ?aaeeiia,
yae?i aeaenoaoao io eiaie iieueciaaoaeueneiai i?ioeanna. ssae?i ia
yaeyaony eaeie-oi iniaie niaieoiiinoueth i?ioeannia, auiieiythueony
ia?aeeaeueii n iieueciaaoaeueneeie, iii naii aunooiaao ninoaaiie
/anoueth ethaiai iieueciaaoaeueneiai i?ioeanna. Naeaeaiiue auaiae
aoaeao nei?aa ioiineoueny e “yae?o”, ?ani?aaeaeythuaio ?ano?nu, eee e
“yae?o”, i?iecaiaeyuaio ?acee/iua iia?aoeee, e yoi aoaeao icia/aoue, /oi
i?ioeann, auiieiyaiue a ?aaeeia yae?a, ?ani?aaeaeyao ?ano?nu e
i?iecaiaeeo niioaaonoaothuea iia?aoeee. Iai?eia?, eiiaiaeiue i?ioeanni?
shell n/eouaaao aaiaeiie iioie n oa?ieiaea n iiiiuueth cai?ina e
iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaia. ssae?i iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu, aunooiay io eiaie
i?ioeanni?a shell, oi?aaeyao ooieoeeiie?iaaieai oa?ieiaea e ia?aaeaao
aaiaeeiua neiaieu i?ioeanni?o shell. Shell ia?aoiaeeo a ?aaeei caaea/e,
aiaeece?oao iioie neiaieia, aaaaeaiiuo iieueciaaoaeai e auiieiyao
caaeaiioth iineaaeiaaoaeueiinoue aeaenoaee, eioi?ua iiaoo iio?aaiaaoue
auiieiaiey e ae?oaeo nenoaiiuo iia?aoeee.
I?a?uaaiey e iniaua neooaoeee
Nenoaia UNIX iicaieyao oaeei ono?ienoaa, eae aiaoiea ono?ienoaa
aaiaea-auaiaea e nenoaiiua /anu, aneio?iiii i?a?uaaoue ?aaioo
oeaio?aeueiiai i?ioeanni?a. Ii iieo/aiee neaiaea i?a?uaaiey yae?i
iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu nio?aiyao naie oaeouee eiioaeno (canouaoee ia?ac
auiieiyaiiai i?ioeanna), onoaiaaeeaaao i?e/eio i?a?uaaiey e ia?aaaouaaao
i?a?uaaiea. Iinea oiai, eae i?a?uaaiea aoaeao ia?aaioaii yae?ii,
i?a?aaiiue eiioaeno ainnoaiiaeony e ?aaioa i?iaeieaeeony oae, eae aoaeoi
ie/aai ia neo/eeinue. Ono?ienoaai iau/ii i?eienuaathony i?ei?eoaou a
niioaaonoaee n i/a?aaeiinoueth ia?aaioee i?a?uaaiee. A i?ioeanna
ia?aaioee i?a?uaaiee yae?i o/eouaaao eo i?ei?eoaou e aeiee?oao
ianeoaeeaaiea i?a?uaaiey n ieceei i?ei?eoaoii ia a?aiy ia?aaioee
i?a?uaaiey n aieaa aunieei i?ei?eoaoii.
Iniaua neooaoeee naycaiu n aicieeiiaaieai iacaieaie?iaaiiuo niauoee,
aucaaiiuo i?ioeannii, oaeeo eae iaaeiionoeiay aae?anaoeey, caaeaiea
i?eaeeaae?iaaiiuo eiiaiae, aeaeaiea ia iieue e o.ae. Iie ioee/athony io
i?a?uaaiee, eioi?ua aucuaathony niauoeyie, aiaoieie ii ioiioaieth e
i?ioeanno. Iniaua neooaoeee aicieeatho i?yii “iin?aaeeia” auiieiaiey
eiiaiaeu, e nenoaia, ia?aaioaa iniaoth neooaoeeth, iuoaaony
ia?acaionoeoue eiiaiaeo; n/eoaaony, /oi i?a?uaaiey aicieeatho iaaeaeo
auiieiaieai aeaoo eiiaiae, i?e yoii nenoaia iinea ia?aaioee i?a?uaaiey
i?iaeieaeaao auiieiaiea i?ioeanna oaea ia/eiay ni neaaeothuae eiiaiaeu.
Aeey ia?aaioee i?a?uaaiee e iniauo neooaoeee a nenoaia UNIX
eniieuecoaony iaeei e oio aea iaoaieci.
O?iaie i?a?uaaiey i?ioeanni?a
ssae?i eiiaaea iaycaii i?aaeoi?aaeaeaoue aicieeiiaaiea i?a?uaaiee ai
a?aiy e?eoe/aneeo aeaenoaee, iiaoueo a neo/aa i?a?uaaiey caii?oeoue
eioi?iaoeeth. Iai?eia?, ai a?aiy ia?aaioee nienea n oeacaoaeyie
aicieeiiaaiea i?a?uaaiey io aeenea aeey yae?a iaaeaeaoaeueii, o.e. i?e
ia?aaioea i?a?uaaiey iiaeii caii?oeoue oeacaoaee, /oi iiaeii oaeaeaoue
ia i?eia?a a neaaeothuae aeaaa. Iau/ii eiaaony ?yae i?eaeeaae?iaaiiuo
eiiaiae, onoaiaaeeaathueo o?iaaiue i?a?uaaiey i?ioeanni?a a neiaa
ninoiyiey i?ioeanni?a. Onoaiiaea o?iaiy i?a?uaaiey ia ii?aaeaeaiiia
cia/aiea ionaeaao i?a?uaaiey yoiai e aieaa ieceeo o?iaiae, ?ac?aoay
ia?aaioeo oieueei i?a?uaaiee n aieaa aunieei i?ei?eoaoii. Anee yae?i
eaii?e?oao i?a?uaaiey io aeenea, a yoii neo/aa eaii?e?othony e ana
inoaeueiua i?a?uaaiey, e?iia i?a?uaaiee io /ania e iaoeiiuo naiaa.
?ani?aaeaeaiea iaiyoe
ssae?i iinoiyiii ?aniieaaaaony a iia?aoeaiie iaiyoe, ia?yaeo n
auiieiythueiny a aeaiiue iiiaio i?ioeannii (eee /anoueth aai, ii
iaiueoae ia?a). A i?ioeanna eiiieeyoeee i?ia?aiia-eiiieeyoi? aaia?e?oao
iineaaeiaaoaeueiinoue aae?ania, yaeythueony aae?anaie ia?aiaiiuo e
eioi?iaoeeiiiuo no?oeoo?, a oaeaea aae?anaie eino?oeoeee e ooieoeee.
Eiiieeyoi? aaia?e?oao aae?ana aeey ae?ooaeueiie iaoeiu oae, neiaii ia
oece/aneie iaoeia ia aoaeao auiieiyoueny ia?aeeaeueii n o?ainee?oaiie ie
iaeia ae?oaay i?ia?aiia.
Eiaaea i?ia?aiia caioneaaony ia auiieiaiea, yae?i auaeaeyao aeey iaa
ianoi a iia?aoeaiie iaiyoe, i?e yoii niaiaaeaiea ae?ooaeueiuo aae?ania,
naaia?e?iaaiiuo eiiieeyoi?ii, n oece/aneeie aae?anaie nianai
iaiaycaoaeueii. ssae?i, acaeiiaeaenoaoy n aiia?aoiuie n?aaenoaaie,
o?ainee?oao ae?ooaeueiua aae?ana a oece/aneea, o.a. ioia?aaeaao aae?ana,
naaia?e?iaaiiua eiiieeyoi?ii, a oece/aneea, iaoeiiua aae?ana. Oaeia
ioia?aaeaiea iie?aaony ia aiciiaeiinoe aiia?aoiuo n?aaenoa, iiyoiio
eiiiiiaiou nenoaiu UNIX, caieiathueany ei, yaeythony iaoeiii-caaeneiuie.
?acthia
A yoii ?acaeaea iienaiu iieiay no?oeoo?a nenoaiu UNIX, acaeiiioiioaiey
iaaeaeo i?ioeannaie, auiieiythueieny a ?aaeeia caaea/e e a ?aaeeia
yae?a, a oaeaea aiia?aoiay n?aaea ooieoeeiie?iaaiey yae?a iia?aoeeiiiie
nenoaiu. I?ioeannu auiieiythony a ?aaeeia caaea/e eee a ?aaeeia yae?a, a
eioi?ii iie iieuecothony oneoaaie nenoaiu aeaaiaea?y iaee/eth iaai?a
ia?auaiee e iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaia. A?oeoaeoo?a nenoaiu iiaeaea?aeeaaao
oaeie noeeue i?ia?aiie?iaaiey, i?e eioi?ii ec iaaieueoeo i?ia?aii,
auiieiythueo oieueei ioaeaeueiua ooieoeee, ii oi?ioi, ninoaaeythony
aieaa neiaeiua i?ia?aiiu, eniieuecothuea iaoaieci eaiaeia e
ia?aiacia/aiea aaiaea-auaiaea.
Ia?auaiey e iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaia iicaieytho i?ioeannai i?iecaiaeeoue
iia?aoeee, eioi?ua eia/a ia auiieiythony. A aeiiieiaiea e ia?aaioea
iiaeiaiuo ia?auaiee yae?i iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu inouanoaeyao iauea
o/aoiua iia?aoeee, oi?aaeyao ieaie?iaaieai i?ioeannia, ?ani?aaeaeaieai
iaiyoe e caueoie i?ioeannia a iia?aoeaiie iaiyoe, ianeoaeeaaao
i?a?uaaiey, oi?aaeyao oaeeaie e ono?ienoaaie e ia?aaaouaaao iniaua
neooaoeee, aicieeathuea a nenoaia. A ooieoeee yae?a nenoaiu UNIX
iaia?aiii ia aeeth/aiu iiiaea ooieoeee, yaeythueany /anoueth ae?oaeo
iia?aoeeiiiuo nenoai, iineieueeo iaai? ia?auaiee e nenoaia iicaieyao
i?ioeannai auiieiyoue ana iaiaoiaeeiua iia?aoeee ia iieueciaaoaeueneii
o?iaia.
4.2 Oaeeiaay nenoaia
Oaeeiaay nenoaia UNIX oa?aeoa?ecoaony:
ea?a?oe/aneie no?oeoo?ie,
niaeaniaaiiie ia?aaioeie ianneaia aeaiiuo,
aiciiaeiinoueth nicaeaiey e oaeaeaiey oaeeia,
aeeiaie/aneei ?anoe?aieai oaeeia,
caueoie eioi?iaoeee a oaeeao,
o?aeoiaeie ia?eoa?eeiuo ono?ienoa (oaeeo eae oa?ieiaeu e eaioi/iua
ono?ienoaa) eae oaeeia.
Oaeeiaay nenoaia i?aaieciaaia a aeaea aea?aaa n iaeiie enoiaeiie
aa?oeiie, eioi?ay iacuaaaony ei?iai (caienuaaaony: “/”); eaaeaeay
aa?oeia a ae?aaiaeaeiie no?oeoo?a oaeeiaie nenoaiu, e?iia eenoueaa,
yaeyaony eaoaeiaii oaeeia, a oaeeu, niioaaonoaothuea aei/a?iei aa?oeiai,
yaeythony eeai eaoaeiaaie, eeai iau/iuie oaeeaie, eeai oaeeaie
ono?ienoa. Eiaie oaeea i?aaeoanoaoao oeacaiea iooe iienea, eioi?ue
iienuaaao ianoi ?aniieiaeaiey oaeea a ea?a?oe/aneie no?oeoo?a oaeeiaie
nenoaiu. Eiy iooe iienea ninoieo ec eiiiiiaio, ?acaeaeaiiuo iaaeaeo
niaie iaeeiiiie /a?oie (/); eaaeaeay eiiiiiaioa i?aaenoaaeyao niaie
iaai? neiaieia, ninoaaeythueo eiy aa?oeiu (oaeea), eioi?ia yaeyaony
oieeaeueiui aeey eaoaeiaa (i?aaeuaeouae eiiiiiaiou), a eioi?ii iii
niaea?aeeony. Iieiia eiy iooe iienea ia/eiaaony n oeacaiey iaeeiiiie
/a?ou e eaeaioeoeoee?oao oaee (aa?oeio), iiene eioi?iai aaaeaony io
ei?iaaie aa?oeiu aea?aaa oaeeiaie nenoaiu n iaoiaeii oao aaoaae aea?aaa
oaeeia, eioi?ua niioaaonoaotho eiaiai ioaeaeueiuo eiiiiiaio. Eiy iooe
iienea iaiaycaoaeueii aeieaeii ia/eiaoueny n ei?iy, a iai neaaeoao
oeacuaaoue ia?o?oo ioiineoaeueii oaeouaai aeey auiieiyaiiai i?ioeanna
eaoaeiaa, i?e yoii i?aaeuaeouea neiaieu “iaeeiiiay /a?oa” a eiaie iooe
iioneathony.
I?ia?aiiu, auiieiyaiua iiae oi?aaeaieai nenoaiu UNIX, ia niaea?aeao
ieeaeie eioi?iaoeee ioiineoaeueii aioo?aiiaai oi?iaoa, a eioi?ii yae?i
o?aieo oaeeu aeaiiuo, aeaiiua a i?ia?aiiao i?aaenoaaeythony eae
aanoi?iaoiue iioie aaeoia. I?ia?aiiu iiaoo eioa?i?aoe?iaaoue iioie
aaeoia ii naiaio aeaeaieth, i?e yoii ethaay eioa?i?aoaoeey ieeae ia
aoaeao naycaia n oaeoe/aneei niiniaii o?aiaiey aeaiiuo a iia?aoeeiiiie
nenoaia. Oae, neioaene/aneea i?aaeea, ii?aaeaeythuea caaeaiea iaoiaea
aeinooia e aeaiiui a oaeea, onoaiaaeeaathony nenoaiie e yaeythony
aaeeiuie aeey anao i?ia?aii, iaeiaei naiaioeea aeaiiuo ii?aaeaeyaony
eiie?aoiie i?ia?aiiie. Iai?eia?, i?ia?aiia oi?iaoe?iaaiey oaenoa troff
euao a eiioea eaaeaeie no?iee oaenoa neiaieu ia?aoiaea ia iiaoth no?ieo,
a i?ia?aiia o/aoa nenoaiiuo ?ano?nia acctcom ?aaioaao n caienyie
oeene?iaaiiie aeeeiu. Iaa i?ia?aiiu iieuecothony iaeieie e oaie aea
nenoaiiuie n?aaenoaaie aeey inouanoaeaiey aeinooia e aeaiiui a oaeea eae
e iioieo aaeoia, e aioo?e naay i?aia?acotho yoio iioie ii
niioaaonoaothuaio oi?iaoo. Anee ethaay ec i?ia?aii iaia?oaeeo, /oi
oi?iao aeaiiuo iaaa?ai, iia i?eieiaao niioaaonoaothuea ia?u.
Eaoaeiae iioiaee ia iau/iua oaeeu a iaeiii ioiioaiee; nenoaia
i?aaenoaaeyao eioi?iaoeeth a eaoaeiaa iaai?ii aaeoia, ii yoa eioi?iaoeey
aeeth/aao a naay eiaia oaeeia a eaoaeiaa a iauyaeaiiii oi?iaoa aeey
oiai, /oiau iia?aoeeiiiay nenoaia e i?ia?aiiu, oaeea eae ls (auaiaeeo
nienie eiai e ao?eaooia oaeeia), iiaee eo iaia?oaeeoue.
I?aaa aeinooia e oaeeo ?aaoee?othony onoaiiaeie niaoeeaeueiuo aeoia
?ac?aoaiey aeinooia, naycaiiuo n oaeeii. Onoaiaaeeaay aeou ?ac?aoaiey
aeinooia, iiaeii iacaaeneii oi?aaeyoue auaea/ae ?ac?aoaiee ia /oaiea,
caienue e auiieiaiea aeey o?ao eaoaai?ee iieueciaaoaeae: aeaaeaeueoea
oaeea, a?oiiiaiai iieueciaaoaey e i?i/eo. Iieueciaaoaee iiaoo
nicaeaaaoue oaeeu, anee ?ac?aoai aeinooi e eaoaeiao. Aiiaue nicaeaiiua
oaeeu noaiiayony eenoueyie a ae?aaiaeaeiie no?oeoo?a oaeeiaie nenoaiu.
Aeey iieueciaaoaey nenoaia UNIX o?aeooao ono?ienoaa oae, eae anee au iie
auee oaeeaie. Ono?ienoaa, aeey eioi?uo iacia/aiu niaoeeaeueiua oaeeu
ono?ienoa, noaiiayony aa?oeiaie a no?oeoo?a oaeeiaie nenoaiu. Ia?auaiea
i?ia?aii e ono?ienoaai eiaao oio aea naiue neioaenen, /oi e ia?auaiea e
iau/iui oaeeai; naiaioeea iia?aoeee /oaiey e caiene ii ioiioaieth e
ono?ienoaai a aieueoie noaiaie niaiaaeaao n naiaioeeie iia?aoeee /oaiey
e caiene iau/iuo oaeeia. Niinia caueou ono?ienoa niaiaaeaao ni niiniaii
caueou iau/iuo oaeeia: iooai niioaaonoaothuae onoaiiaee aeoia ?ac?aoaiey
aeinooia e iei (oaeeai). Iineieueeo eiaia ono?ienoa auaeyaeyo oae aea,
eae e eiaia iau/iuo oaeeia, e iineieueeo iaae ono?ienoaaie e iaae
iau/iuie oaeeaie auiieiythony iaeie e oa aea iia?aoeee, aieueoeinoao
i?ia?aii iao iaiaoiaeeiinoe ?acee/aoue aioo?e naay oeiu ia?aaaouaaaiuo
oaeeia.
4.3 Caueoa aeaiiuo a IN UNIX
Naoaaay caueoa a UNIX iniiauaaaony ia neiaeiie noaia eiaiiaaiey, eioi?ay
ia/eiaaony n eiai iieueciaaoaeae. Iieueciaaoaeyi i?enaaeaathony eiaia e
ia?iee, eioi?ua ioaeiu aeey ?aaeno?aoeee iieueciaaoaeae a nenoaia,
Naoaaua ?ano?nu ecaanoiu e iiaeaea?aeeaathony eae neoaeau. Ei aeathony
eiaia, n iiiiuueth eioi?uo iieueciaaoaee iiaoo ia?aoeoueny e iei.
Neoaeau aeeth/atho a naay: oaciaoth neoaeao (eaoaeiae, iiaeeaoaeiae,
aeaiiua e i?ia?aiiu a eaoaeiaao), eiiioieeaoeeiiiua neoaeau (i?ia?aiiu
yioeyoeee SNA 3270, aneio?iiiua eiiioieeaoeeiiiua neoaeau) e neoaeau
ia/aoe. Ana neoaeau iieo/atho eiaia /a?ac neoaeao eiaiiaaiey a UNIX,
eiaioaioth StreetTalk.
Eaaeaeia eiy ninoieo ec 3-o /anoae: eiaie ?ano?na eee iieueciaaoaey,
eiaie o?oiiu iieueciaaoaeae e eiaie i?aaiecaoeee. Iai?eia?, ionoue
nouanoaoao na?aa? n eiaiai i?aaiecaoeee ACME; anoue aeaa a?oiiu
iieueciaaoaeae MARKETING (ia?eaoeia) e ACCOUNTING (athaeaeao),
nouanoaoao oaeaea ianeieueei neoaea, naycaiiuo n eaaeaeie a?oiiie,
iai?eia?, WP (word processing) ia?aaioea oaenoa) DBASE (database) aaca
aeaiiuo, ANNO (accounting) athaeaeao. I?e eniieueciaaiee eaaeaeay
/anoue eiaie ioaeaeyaony io ae?oaie ciaeii @. Iieueciaaoaeue FRED ec
a?oiiu MARKETING aeieaeai ca?aaeno?e?iaaoueny aeey ?aaiou a naoe n
iiiiuueth eiiaiae:
A>LOGONFRED@MARKETING@ACME.
Anee yoio iieueciaaoaeue oi/ao cai?ineoue neoaeao, naycaiioth n aacie
aeaiiuo ia?eaoeiaa i?aaiecaoeee (II NOAAe e oaeeu aacu aeaiiuo), ii
aeieaeai auiieieoue eiiaiaeo:
A>SETDRIVE G DBASE@MARKETING@ACME
Yoa eiiaiaea iacia/eo eiae/aneia ono?ienoai G: ia eaoaeia e iiaeeaoaeiae
n II NOAAe e oaeeaie aacu aeaiiuo, Aeeeiiui eiaiai StreetTalk iiaoo
auoue iacia/aiu ei?ioeea neiiieiu (Nicknames).
StreetTalk – yoi aaca aeaiiuo nieneia. Iia, a /anoiinoe, aeeth/aao a
naay nienie naoaauo ?ano?nia. Ae?oaea nienee SteetTalk – yoi nienee
iieueciaaoaeae, a?oii iieueciaaoaeae e i?aa iieueciaaoaeae.
Iiaeii neacaoue, /oi eeth/aaui oaeoi?ii, iaoneiaeeaathuei yooaeoeaiinoue
nenoaiu UNIX, yaeyaony aa neoaeaa ?ani?aaeaeaiey eiai StreetTalk,
eioi?ay aeaeaao naoue aiia?aoii iacaaeneiie. Neoaeaa StreetTalk
inouanoaeyao ?ani?aaeaeaiea aaeeiie aacu aeaiiuo iieueciaaoaeae, a?oii
e ?ano?nia iaaeaeo anaie na?aa?aie EAN, oae /oi aai ieeiaaea ia
i?eaeaony aaiaeeoue eaeia-eeai eciaiaiea a i?aaa aeinooia naoe aieaa /ai
iaeei ?ac.
Anee o aan eiathony niioaaonoaothuea i?aaa aeinooia, neoaeaa StreetTalk
i?aaeinoaaeo aai aiciiaeiinoue eniieueciaaoue ethaie ?ano?n naoe
iacaaeneii io oiai, a eaeii ianoa ii iaoiaeeony. Iai?eia?, eiaaea
eaeay-eeai ?aai/ay a?oiia ia?aacaeaao a iiaue ai?iae, au iiaeaoa
ia?aianoe eieeaeoeaii eniieuecoaiua e ia?niiaeueiua aeaiiua /eaiia yoie
a?oiiu i?inoi iooai caa?ocee ?aca?aiie iaaieoiie eaiou a na?aa? a yoii
iiaii ai?iaea. A?oiia niiaeao i?iaeieaeeoue naith aeayoaeueiinoue i?yii
n oiai ianoa, ia eioi?ii ?aaioa auea i?a?aaia, i?e/ai niiaeao
eniieueciaaoue oa aea naiua i?ioeaaeo?u aoiaeaeaiey a nenoaio,
ia?niiaeueiua eaoaeiae, i?eeeaaeiua i?ia?aiiu e aae?ana yeaeo?iiiie
ii/ou. (A neo/aa ae?oaeo naoaauo IN aai i?eoeinue au nicaeaaaoue iiaua
noeaia?ee aoiaeaeaiey a nenoaio, caaeaaaoue iiaua aae?ana e
ia?aonoaiaaeeaaoue i?aaa aeinooia aeey eaaeaeiai iieueciaaoaey.)
A ninoaa nenoaiu UNIX aoiaeeo iiaenenoaia iiauoaiey yooaeoeaiinoe
?aaiou n eaoaeiaaie Directory Assistance, iaania/eaathuay aaaeaiea a
eaaeaeie EAN eiiee iieiiai eaoaeiaa StreetTalk aeey anae aeiaaeueiie
au/eneeoaeueiie naoe. Aeaaiaea?y iaee/eth oaeie eieaeueiie eiiee au
iieo/aaoa aiciiaeiinoue iai?aaeyoue yeaeo?iiioth ii/oo oaeaeaiiiio
iieueciaaoaeth aeaaea a neo/aa, anee iaa EAN a ianoiyuee iiiaio ia
eiatho nayce.
A UNIX aaeieieno?aoi? naoe oi?aaeyao i?aaaie aeinooia iieueciaaoaeae
/a?ac ARL-nienie (Access Rights List), eioi?ue naycai n eaaeaeie
neoaeaie. ARL ii?aaeaeyao 6 iia?aoeee, eioi?ua iiaoo auoue
i?aaeinoaaeaiu:
oi?aaeaiea i?aaaie aeinooia e eaoaeiao;
oi?aaeaiea i?aaaie aeinooia e iiaeeaoaeiaai; aiciiaeiinoue nicaeaiey e
oaeaeaiey oaeeia a eaoaeiaa e iiaeeaoaeiaao;
aiciiaeiinoue iiaeeoeeaoeee oaeeia a eaoaeiaa e aai iiaeeaoaeiaao;
aiciiaeiinoue /oaiey oaeeia a eaoaeiaa e iiaeeaoaeiaao;
aiciiaeiinoue oaeaeaiey eaoaeiaia.
Eaaeaeiio eiaie iieueciaaoaey a ARL i?enaaeaaaony iaeii ec neaaeothueo
4-o i?aa aeinooia: i?aai oi?aaeaiey (control access), eioi?ia aeaao
iieueciaaoaeth aiciiaeiinoue auiieiaiey anao 6-oe iia?aoeee; i?aai
iiaeeoeeaoeee (modify access), eioi?ia iicaieyao auiieiyoue iia?aoeee
2,3,4 e 5; i?aai /oaiey (read access), eioi?ia iicaieyao auiieiyoue
iia?aoeeth /oaiey oaeoia a eaoaeiaa e iiaeeaoaeiaao; ioeaaia i?aai (null
access), eioi?ia cai?auaao iieueciaaoaeth auiieiyoue ethaoth ec oanoe
iia?aoeee.
I?aaa aeinooia aeey o?oii e eiai iieueciaaoaeae ia iauaaeeiythony, eae
yoi eiaao ianoi a NetWare. Iieueciaaoaeth i?inoi aeathony i?aaa,
ioiinyueany e ia?aiio yeaiaioo a nienea. Anee ia?aui yeaiaioii yaeyaony
yeaiaio, iienuaathuee i?aaa a?oiiu, oi iieueciaaoaeue iieo/aao i?aaa
o?oiiu. Anee ia?aue yeaiaio – yoi yeaiaio, iienuaathuee i?aaa
iieueciaaoaey, oi iieueciaaoaeue iieo/aao i?aaa iieueciaaoaey. Aianoa
yoe i?aaa ia iauaaeeiythony.
Eaaeaeay neoaeaa i?eiaaeeaaeeo ii?aaeaeaiiie a?oiia e eiaao naycaiiue ni
neoaeaie ARL. (A i?eaaaeaiiii auoa i?eia?a neoaeaa DBASE i?eiaaeeaaeeo
a?oiia MARKETING). Anee ni neoaeaie in naycai ARL, oi eaaeaeue
iieueciaaoaeue a a?oiia aaoiiaoe/anee iieo/aao i?aai iiaeeoeeaoeee.
Anee ARL nouanoaoao, oi aeinooi e neoaeaa eiatho oieueei iieueciaaoaee,
oeacaiiua a ARL e oieueei n oaie i?aaaie, eaeea oai oeacaiu. ?ac?aoaii
i?eiaiaiea wildcard-neiaieia a ARL. Iai?eia?, yeaiaio *@MARKETING@ACME
aeaao eaaeaeiio ec a?oiiu MARKETING iaeeiaeiaua i?aaa aeinooia e
neoaeaa.
ARL iiaeao niaea?aeaoue oieueei 5 yeaiaioia. Iiyoiio aeaaea a iaaieueoie
naoe UNIX ARL i?aaenoaaeyao niaie nienie eiai iieueciaaoaeueneeo
nieneia. Ana iieueciaaoaee a eaaeaeie a?oiia n iaeeiaeiauie i?aaaie
aeinooia iiaoo auoue iiiauaiu a 1 nienie e eiy yoiai nienea iiaeao auoue
aeiaaaeaii e ARL. Iai?eia?, StreetTalk – eiy MODLIST@MARKETING@ACME
iiaeao nnueaoueny ia nienie, niaea?aeauee anao iieueciaaoaeae a?oiiu
MARKETING n i?aaii iiaeeoeeaoeee. Iiiauaiea eiaie yoiai nienea a ARL
aeey neoaeau aacu aeaiiuo (n eiaiai DBASE) e oeacaiea aeey iaai i?aaa
iiaeeoeeaoeee aeaeaao aiciiaeiui aeinooi iieueciaaoaeae ec yoiai nienea
e neoaeaa DBASE oieueei n i?aaii iiaeeoeeaoeee.
Iaeiiaoe, n eaaeaeie a?oiiie naycai nienie aaeieieno?aoi?ia AdminList.
Eaaeaeue iieueciaaoaeue a AdminList eiaao i?aai oi?aaeaiey aeey
ei?iaaiai eaoaeiaa, iacaaeneii io oiai, /oi oeacaii a ARL.
Nenoaia caueou aeaao aaeieieno?aoi?o iaeioi?oth aeaeinoue a i?enaiaiee
i?aa aeinooia, Iai?eia?, anee aaeieieno?aoi? oi/ao cai?aoeoue
nicaeaaaoue oaeeu a ii?aaeaeaiiii eaoaeiaa, oi ii ia aeieaeai ieeiio
aeaaaoue i?aai oi?aaeaiey e i?aai iiaeeoeeaoeee. Yoi ia aeaao
aiciiaeiinoe iieueciaaoaeyi oaeaea caienuaaoue eioi?iaoeeth a oaeeu e
oaeaeyoue oaeeu.
Oaeay noaia eiaiiaaiey oaeaea o?aaoao aieueoeo oneeee io
aaeieieno?aoi?a i?e nicaeaiey eiai aeey neoaea e a?oii. Anee a naoe n
2-iy na?aa?aie eiy neoaeau eee a?oiiu niaiaaeaao n oaeiaui ia ae?oaii
na?aa?a – yoi ieioi. Eaaeaeue ?ac, eiaaea iieueciaaoaeue cai?aoeaaao
neoaeao ia iaeiii na?aa?a, aoaeao aucuaaoueny e ae?oaie na?aa?.
I?eioa?u e eiiioieeaoeeiiiua neoaeau, iai?eia?, SNA-oethcu, eiaiothony e
caueuathony n iiiiuueth nieneia iieueciaaoaeae, eiathueo i?aaa ia
?aaioo n yoeie neoaeaaie. Eiinieue na?aa?a oaeaea caueuaaony ia?ieai,
eioi?ue iaaei aaanoe ia?aae auiieiaieai eiiaiae n eiiniee.
Nenoaia UNIX niaea?aeeo n?aaenoaa aaoiiaoe/aneie onoaiiaee, oae /oi ii
yoiio iieacaoaeth iia i?aainoiaeeo iiiaea ae?oaea naoaaua IN. Aai
i?aaeinoaaeyaony aiciiaeiinoue oi?aaeyoue naoueth n ethaie ?aai/ae
noaioeee (eee aeaaea n oaeaeaiiiai ia?niiaeueiiai eiiiuethoa?a) i?e
iiiiue i?inoie i?ia?aiiu n iaoaieciii iaith. 4.4 ?aaioa a naoyo UNIX
I?aa?aoeoue UNIX-eiiiuethoa? a oaeeiaue na?aa? ioiineoaeueii i?inoi.
Aeey yoiai aeinoaoi/ii eniieueciaaoue ia iai i?ia?aiiiia iaania/aiea,
eioi?ia aoaeao i?eieiaoue cai?inu io ae?oaeo ?aai/eo noaioeee,
ia?aaaouaaoue eo e ioaa/aoue ia yoe cai?inu. I?e yoii i?ia?aiiiia
iaania/aiea oaeeiaiai na?aa?a aoaeao anaai eeoue aua iaeiie i?ia?aiiie a
iiiaicaaea/iie iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaia, Anee oeaio?aeueiue i?ioeanni?
oaeeiaiai na?aa?a iaeaaeaao aeinoaoi/ii aunieei auno?iaeaenoaeai, oi
iaeiia?aiaiii n i?ia?aiiiui iaania/aieai oaeeiaiai na?aa?a ia iai iiaeao
auoue caiouaia aua eaeay-ieaoaeue i?ia?aiia. A Aeaaa 2 i?iaiaeeeinue
ianoaeaeaiea i?e/ei, ii eioi?ui naoaaua IN LAN Manager e LAN Server
i?aaenoaaeytho i?ae?anioth iniiao aeey i?eiaiaiee a?oeoaeoo?u
eeeaio/na?aa?. Oa aea aeiaiaeu aeey i?eiaiaiey a?oeoaeoo?u eeeaio/na?aa?
iiaeii i?eaanoe a iieueco iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu UNIX.
Iiioey?iui i?ioieieii aeey eiiiuethoa?iuo naoae ia aaca iia?aoeeiiiie
nenoaiu UNIX yaeyaony TCP/IP, oioy iaeioi?ua naoaaua i?ia?aiiiua
i?iaeoeou aeey iaiaia eioi?iaoeeiiiuie iaeaoaie iaaeaeo eiiiuethoa?aie
i?eiaiytho i?ioieie NetBIOS.
?aai/ea noaioeee a EAN, oi?aaeyaiie iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiie UNIX,
iinueatho cai?inu ia oaeeiaue na?aa? n o?aaiaaieyie ia?aaea/e oaeeia e
?aaioatho n yoeie oaeeaie oae, eae anee au iie o?aieeenue ia eieaeueiii
aeenea. Ia?aiai?aaeaiea oaeeia iicaieyao eniieueciaaoue UNIX-oaeeu oae,
eae anee au yoe oaeeu i?eiaaeeaaeaee DOS, OS/2 eee Mac a caaeneiinoe io
oiai, eaeay ec yoeo iia?aoeeiiiuo nenoai oi?aaeyao ?aai/ae noaioeeae,
cai?ineaoae oaee. Iaeiaei eiiaaea a oaeeo neo/ayo iiaeao iio?aaiaaoueny
iaeioi?ay ia?aeiaee?iaea. Iai?eia?, a oaenoiauo oaeeao DOS eaaeaeay
no?iea caeai/eaaaony aeaoiy neiaieaie – aica?ao ea?aoee (CR) e ia?aaiae
no?iee (LF), a a UNIX eniieuecoaony oieueei neiaie LF.
Oaeeu a iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaia Iac eiatho aieaa neiaeioth no?oeoo?o.
UNIX-eiiiuethoa?u iiaoo o?aieoue eiy oaeea, ii ia aai ao?eaoou aeey
nenoaiu Iac. A oaeii neo/aa iinea o?aiaiey ia oaee-na?aa?a UNIX /anoue
ao?eaooia oaeea Iac aoaeao iioa?yia.
Caeeth/aiea
?anniio?aiiua a aeaiiii iaci?a na?aa?-i?eaioe?iaaiiua naoaaua IN iiaeii
?acaeaeeoue ia /aou?a a?oiiu:
iia?aoeeiiiua nenoaiu NetWare (NetWare 2.x, Novell NetWare 3.x,);
iia?aoeeiiiua nenoaiu ia iniiaa eiioeaioeee LAN Manager (Microsoft OS/2
LAN Manager, IBM OS/2 LAN Server);
iia?aoeeiiiua nenoaiu ia iniiaa UNIX;
iia?aoeeiiiay nenoaia Windows NT Advanced Server.
Oaeia ?acaeaiea iicaieyao n?aaieoue iaaeaeo niaie iiaeoiaeu e
eiioeaioeee, eniieueciaaiiua i?e nicaeaiee oie eee eiie naoaaie IN. I?e
auai?a IN aeey iino?iaiey naoe aoca eee iaeiai i?aaei?eyoey i/aiue
aaaeiia cia/aiea eiatho neaaeothuea oaeoi?u:
eaeiaa i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue na?aa?a e eae iia caaeneo io eciaiaiey
/enea ?aai/eo noaioeee (iaa?ocee);
eaeea n?aaenoaa iiauoaiey iaaeaaeiinoe i?aaeinoaaeyao naoaaay IN;
ianeieueei ?acaeou n?aaenoaa caueou eioi?iaoeee io ianaieoeeiie?iaaiiiai
aeinooia e n?aaenoaa ?aaeaiaioaoeee aeinooia iieueciaaoaeae e ?ano?nai
na?aa?a;
ianeieueei naoue oi?aaeyaia, o.a. ianeieueei oaeiaiu n?aaenoaa,
i?aaeinoaaeyaiua naoaaie IN aeey ?aaiou aaeieieno?aoi?a naoe;
eaeea eiiioieeaoeeiiiua n?aaenoaa i?aaeinoaaeyao naoaaay IN aeey
iauaaeeiaiey EAN n ae?oaeie au/eneeoaeueiuie nenoaiaie e naoyie;
eaeie iauai iia?aoeaiie iaiyoe caieiaao naoaaia II ia ?aai/ae noaioeee,
Aeinoaoi/ai ee ii aeey caionea aaoeo i?eeiaeaiee;
i?aaeinoaaeyao ee naoaaay IN n?aaenoaa aeey oaeiaiie ?aaiou n
ianeieueeeie na?aa?aie a naoe.
Iiieii oeacaiiuo oaeoi?ia, iaiaoiaeeii o/eouaaoue au? e eaaeeoeeaoeeth
ia?niiaea e oeaeue ?yae ae?oaeo i?e/ei. Yoio nienie iiaeii auei au
i?iaeieaeeoue. Iaeeea oaeoi?ia, aeeythueo ia auai?, iauyniytho
nouanoaothuaa iiiaiia?acea naoaauo IN.
Ia iniiaaiee ?acoeueoaoia oanoe?iaaiey iiaeii ooaa?aeaeaoue, /oi NetWare
eo/oa aea?aeeo iaa?oceo, oiaaea eae a IN ia iniiaa UNIX e oai aieaa a
LAN Manager nieaeaiea auno?iaeaenoaey i?ienoiaeeo aieaa caiaoii. I?e
i?i/eo ?aaiuo oneiaeyo iiaeii ?aeiiaiaeiaaoue eniieueciaaoue Novell
NetWare 3.11 a oao neo/ayo, anee Aai iaiaoiaeeiu aunieay
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue, iaaeaaeiinoue. Ii ?acoeueoaoai iiiaeo ii?inia e
ii caieiaaiie aeiea ?uiea yoa naoaaay IN eeaee?oao. A oi aea a?aiy anee
o aan aieueoay e oa??eoi?eaeueii ?ani?aaeaeaiiay naoue, oi UNIX n aa
ioee/iuie aiciiaeiinoyie oi?aaeaiey iiiaeie na?aa?aie e eaiaeaie aeey
i?aaiecaoeee aeiaaeueiuo naoae aoaeao aeey aan oaea/iui i?eia?aoaieai. A
NetWare n?aaenoaa ?aaiou n ianeieueeeie na?aa?aie (NetWare Name Service)
?aaioatho ia noieue oi?ioi, eae au yoiai oioaeinue.
Naoaaua IN ia iniiaa eiioeaioeee LAN Manager oaeaea eiatho oi?ioea
n?aaenoaa ii oeaio?aeeciaaiiiio aaeieieno?aoeaiiio oi?aaeaieth iiiaeie
na?aa?aie. Yoe naoaaua IN ianiiiaiii iieo/ao oi?iooth ioeaieo o oao, eoi
ieaie?oao nicaeaiea naoe, ?aai/ea noaioeee eioi?uo iniauathony OS/2. A
yoii neo/aa iiaeii a iieiie ia?a eniieueciaaoue oa aiciiaeiinoe naoaauo
IN aeaiiiai eeanna, eae oaeaeaiiue caione i?ia?aii. Eaeoth eiie?aoii IN
i?aaeii/anoue caaenyo io ae?oaeo, aeiiieieoaeueiuo oaeoi?ia. Oae, anee
iaiaoiaeeii i?aaieciaaoue acaeiiaeaenoaea n aieueoeie iaoeiaie
ei?ii?aoeee IBM, oi eiae/ii inoaiiaeoue naie auai? ia IBM LAN Server.
Aieueooth ?ieue i?e auai?a naoaaie IN ea?atho ia?aie/aiey,
iaeeaaeuaaaiua i?iecaiaeeoaeyie IN ia aiia?aoiia iaania/aiea. Oae, anee
aeey Novell NetWare 2.x aeinoaoi/ii i?ioeanni?a Intel 20286, oi aeey
NetWare 3.x o?aaoaony oaea eae ieieioi 386, a aeey aa?nee 4.0 486
i?ioeanni?. Aiaeiae/iay neooaoeey iaaethaeaaony e n ae?oaeie
iia?aoeeiiiuie nenoaiaie. Iaiaoiaeeii oaeaea ioiaoeoue, /oi
iia?aoeeiiiua nenoaiu UNIX e Windows NT iiaoo eniieueciaaoue ia oieueei
Intel i?ioeanni?u.
Iaiaeiaaaeiui, oioy e ia ?aoathuei, ia?aiao?ii yaeyaony iauai aeanoeiai
aeenea, caieiaaiiai iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiie. Oae aeey Novell NetWare yoi
anaai eeoue 9 Iaaeo, aeey OS/2 – 7.2 Iaaeo, a aeey UNIX e Windows NT,
niioaaonoaaiii, 80 e 90 Iaaeo ia na?aa?a. Aeey ?aai/ae noaioeee OS/2
o?aaoaony 4.6 Iaaeo aeanoeiai aeenea, a aeey Windows NT Workstation
ii?yaeea 90 Iaaeo.
I?iaeaio ?ani?aaeaeaiey iia?aoeaiie iaiyoe iaeaieaa oaea/ii ?aoeea oe?ia
Novell. Naoaaua ae?aeaa?a ?aai/ae noaioeee aeey DOS caieiatho a II 56
Eaaeo, oiaaea aeey UNIX ii?yaeea 100 Eaaeo, a aeey OS/2 LAN Manager,
OS/2 LAN Server e Windows NT ii?yaeea 160 Eaaeo. A neo/aa onoaiiaee
nianoaaiiuo ?aai/eo noaioeee o?aaiaaiey oaeanoi/athony: OS/2 aeey
eeeaioa o?aaoao 4.2 Iaaeo II, a Windows NT Workstation – 12 Iaaeo II.
Ieieiaeueiua o?aaiaaiey e iia?aoeaiie iaiyoe na?aa?a auaeaeaaao OS/2 –
1.3 Iaaeo, iaeiaei iaeneiaeueii ?ac?aoaiiia eiee/anoai iia?aoeaiie o iaa
e?aeia iaaaeeei – 16 Iaaeo. Ianeieueei eo/oea iieacaoaee o UNIX (8 Iaaeo
– 256 Iaaeo) e Windows NT (16 Iaaeo – 4 Aaaeo). Iaeeo/oea oa?aeoa?enoeee
ii yoei ia?aiao?ai o Novell NetWare ieieiaeueiia eiee/anoai II – 4
Iaaeo, iaeneiaeueiia aei 4 Aaaeo. Yoi iicaieyao i?aaieciauaaoue ia
iniiaa NetWare eieaeueiua naoe n ii/oe iaia?aie/aiiie aiciiaeiinoueth
?anoe?aiey, aac e?oiiuo caiai aiia?aoiiai iaania/aiey. Oaeei ia?acii IN
Novell NetWare yaeyaony iioeiaeueiui auai?ii aeey eieaeueiie naoe aoca
ni neaaie aiia?aoiie aacie.
N oi/ee c?aiey eeeaioneiai na?aena, iaeaieaa auaeathuaeny aaconeiaii
yaeyaony Windows NT. Aa a?aoe/aneee eioa?oaen, caeinoaiaaiiue o Windows
3.x e Windows 95, yaeyaony ia naaiaeiyoiee aeaiue iaeaieaa
?ani?ino?aiaiiui e iiiyoiui aeey iieueciaaoaey. Oe?ieia ?ani?ino?aiaiea
i?iaeoeoia Microsoft iicaieyao iieueciaaoaey i?eeiaeeoue ieieiaeueiua
oneeey aeey iaeaaeaiey aiciiaeiinoyie naoaauo oaoiieiaee. Ia aoi?ii
ianoa noieo nenoaia OS/2. Iia?aoeeiiiua nenoaiu OS/2 naie i?eaeiaeueiue
a?aoe/aneee eioa?oaen, ii oe?ia IBM ia/eiay n aa?nee ?aai/ae noaioeee
OS/2 4.0 Merlin iicaeinoaiaaea iniiaiua eaeae iino?iaiey eioa?oaena o
Windows 95, /oi iiyoue aea iaeaa/eei ?aaioo iieueciaaoaey. Aeey
nicaeaiey oaeiaiiai iieueciaaoaeueneiai eioa?oaena UNIX e NetWare
eniieuecothony niaoeeaeueiua i?ia?aiiu iaaeno?ieee. A neo/aa ionoonoaey
iiaeiaiuo i?ia?aii oi?aaeaiea naoaauie aiciiaeiinoyie inouanoaeyaony
/a?ac eiiaiaeioth no?ieo e noaiaea?oiuo ooeeeo.
A eaaeaeie ec yoeo IN eiathony nianoaaiiua iiaenenoaiu caueou
eioi?iaoeee. Windows NT e Novell NetWare 4.0 iaeaaeatho iaeaieaa
iaaeaaeiie ec ieo, oae eae aaeeinoaaiiua oaeiaeaoai?ytho noaiaea?oo C-2,
a a ioiioaiea ae?oaeo IN e aieaa ?aiieo aa?nee NetWare i?iaaaeaiiue
aiaeec iiaenenoai caueou eioi?iaoeee iieacae neaaeothuaa:
ana naoaaua IN iaania/eaatho eaeaioeoeeaoeeth e aooaioeoeeaoeeth
iieueciaaoaeae nenoaiu, i?aaeioa?auay iiiuoee ceioiuoeaiieea ii
ia?aoaaoo ia?ieae; ia?iee ia?aaeathony a oeo?iaaiiii aeaea; oieueei
nenoaiu LAN Manager e LAN Server eniieuecotho noaiaea?oiue aeai?eoi
oeo?iaaiey DES, aeaa inoaeueiua nenoaiu eniieuecotho nianoaaiiua
aeai?eoiu oeo?iaaiey; naaaeaiey i noieeinoe nianoaaiiuo aeai?eoiia ia
i?eaiaeyony;
a naoaauo IN NetWare e UNIX iiaeii cai?aoeoue iaeiia?aiaiioth ?aaioo
iieueciaaoaeae n iaeeiaeiauie eiaiaie;
nenoaiu LAN Manager, LAN Server e UNIX iaania/eaatho aaeieieno?aoi?o
oi?aaeaiea a?oiiie acaeiinaycaiiuo na?aa?ia (iaeanoueth
aaeieieno?e?iaaiey), /oi nouanoaaiii iaeaeaao oi?aaeaiea naoueth
(nicaeaiea e aaaeaiea aacu aeaiiuo ii iieueciaaoaeyi, eciaiaiea i?aa
aeinooia e ?ano?nai e o.ae.): aeey nenoaiu NetWare iaiaoiaeeii
aeiiieieoaeueiia i?eia?aoaiea niaoeeaeueiuo ooeeeo oi?aaeaiey;
oaeeiaue na?aa? a nenoaia LAN Manager e LAN Server yaeyaony
iaauaeaeaiiui e iiaeao ooieoeeiie?iaaoue oieueei a n?aaea OS/2, caueoo
na?aa?a a yoii neo/aa aa?ao ia naay OS/2, eieaeueiay caueoa na?aa?a
caueoa eieaeueiuo oaeeia na?aa?a io ianaieoeeiie?iaaiiiai aeinooia n
yoiai aea na?aa?a ?aaeeciaaia a naoaauo IN LAN Manager e LAN Server (i?e
iiiiue OS/2) e a UNIX;
ii iiiaieeaoo?a caueuaaiuo ?ano?nia nenoaiu noiaeiu, iie iicaieytho
caueuaoue io ianaieoeeiie?iaaiiiai aeinooia oaeaeaiiua aeenee,
aee?aeoi?ee, oaeeu, i/a?aaee, naoaaoth ia/aoue, ia?aie/eaaoue a?aiy
i?aauaaiey iieueciaaoaey a nenoaia ii /anai e aeiyi iaaeaee;
oieueei IN NetWare iaania/eaaao nio?aiaiea e ainnoaiiaeaiea oaeaeyaiuo
ia na?aa?a oaeeia, inoaeueiua nenoaiu iaania/eaatho oieueei
ainnoaiiaeaiea oaeaeaiiuo oaeeia, ie iaeia ec ?anniio?aiiuo nenoai ia
iaania/eaaao caoe?aiea oaeaeyaiuo oaeeia;
aaaeaiea nenoaiiiai aeo?iaea iaania/eaatho ana nenoaiu, iiaenenoaia
o/aoa Novell NetWare yaeyaony iaeeo/oae;
a nenoaia LAN Manager aeey oaeaeaiiuo noaioeee i?aaeoniio?aia
aiciiaeiinoue cai?aoa ia?auaiey e iaeioi?ui ec nouanoaothueo na?aa?ia,
i?e yoii na?aa? noaiiaeony “iaaeaeeiui” aeey ?aai/eo noaioeee;
o?aoee caueuaaony naoaauie IN LAN Manager, LAN Server e UNIX.
Iniai iaiaoiaeeii neacaoue i oaeeiauo nenoaiao auoaia?a/eneaiiuo
iia?aoeeiiiuo nenoai. Ia eo iniaaiiinoyo auei ?anneacaii ?aiaa a
niioaaonoaothueo ?acaeaeao. Aaeeinoaaiii, iaaei ioiaoeoue, /oi iaeaieaa
i?ia?anneaiie ec ieo yaeyaony NTFS (NT File System), eioi?ay oniaoii
niaiauaao a naaa eo/oea /a?ou HPFS, NFS e oaeeiaie nenoaiu Novell
NetWare. Ana naoaaua IN iiaoo iiaeaea?aeeaaoue neaaeothuea oaeeiaua
nenoaiu eeeaioia: DOS, Windows, Mac(5), OS/2, UNIX.
N oi/ee c?aiey aaeieieno?e?iaaiey ?aaiou na?aa?a iaeaieaa oaeiaiie
i?aaenoaaeyaony IN Windows NT, oae eae iia iaeaaeaao oaeiaiuie
n?aaenoaaie aaeieieno?e?iaaiey, ia iniiaa i?eaeiaeueiiai a?aoe/aneiai
eioa?oaena. Iaiaoiaeeii ioiaoeoue, /oi aeey iineaaeieo aa?nee OS/2 e
Novell NetWare ?ac?aaio/eee nicaeaee nianoaaiiue ieiiiue eioa?oaen. A
aieaa aea ?aiieo aa?neyo aaeieieno?e?iaaiea naoe i?iecaiaeeeinue
iin?aaenoaii iaai?a ooeeeo. Oaeianoai aaeieieno?e?iaaiey yaeyaony iaeiei
ec naiuo neaauo iieacaoaeae aeey IN UNIX, oae eae aei neo ii?
i?iecaiaeeoaee ia iaoee aeinoaoi/ii oaea/iiai ?aoaiey yoie i?iaeaiu.
Aaaeiaeoae i?iaeaiie i?e iino?iaiee eiiiuethoa?iie naoe aoca yaeyaony
ii?aaeaeaiea i?aa iieueciaaoaey, oae eae yoi oece/anee iaiaoiaeeii aeey
i?aaiecaoeee iieiioeaiiie ?aaiou nooaeaioia. Eiio?ieue aeinooia ii
o?iaith caueou iiaeaea?aeeaatho ana naoaaua iia?aoeeiiiua nenoaiu, /oi
iicaieyao ia?aie/eaaoue i?aaa iieueciaaoaey ia ?acee/iua naoaaua
?ano?nu. Iai?eia?, aeey nooaeaioa iaiaoiaeeii onoaiiaeoue i?aaa aeey
iaieioeyoeee n oaeeaie oieueei ia aai ee/iii naoaaii ?acaeaea, a oi
a?aiy eae aeey i?aiiaeaaaoaey iaaei ii?aaeaeeoue i?aaa oieueei ia /oaiea
oaeeia, nicaeaiiuo nooaeaioaie aai a?oiiu. Oaeaea iiaeii aeey
i?aiiaeaaaoaey ii?aaeaeeoue i?aaa ia aaeieieno?e?iaaiea i?aa
iieueciaaoaeae a ?aieao a?oiiu, eioi?ie ii i?aiiaeaao. Aeinoaoi/ii /anoi
a o/aaiii i?ioeanna eniieuecothony ia?aie/aiey ia a?aiy e aeaoo aeinooia
e naoaaui ?ano?nai. Yoo aiciiaeiinoue iiaeii eniieueciaaoue aeey ?aaiou
iaeioi?uo a?oii oieueei a ioaaaeaiiia aeey yoiai i?aiiaeaaaoaeai a?aiy.
Iia ?aaeeciaaia ai anao naoaauo IN, e?iia UNIX. Aua iaeiei aaaeiui
ia?aiao?ii aaeieieno?e?iaaiey ?aaiou naoe yaeyaony aiciiaeiinoue
ia?aie/aiey aeeneiaiai i?ino?ainoaa aeey iieueciaaoaey. Yoi iicaieyao
aeaei eniieueciaaoue ?ano?nu oaee-na?aa?a, a oaeaea eiio?iee?iaaoue
eniieueciaaiea iieueciaaoaeyie yoeo ?ano?nia. Oae, aeey nooaeaioia
ia?aiai eo?na, iauai ia?aaioaiiie eioi?iaoeee eioi?uo ia aaeee, iiaeii
ii?aaeaeeoue ?acia? naoaaiai ?acaeaea, iai?eia?, 1 Ia, a oi a?aiy eae
aeey nooaeaioa, ieoouaai iauaiioth eo?niaoth ?aaioo, yoio ?acia? iiaeii
oaaee/eoue a caaeneiinoe io iauaia ?aaiou. E niaeaeaieth, yoo
aiciiaeiinoue ia iiaeaea?aeeaaao Windows NT, oiaaea eae a inoaeueiuo IN
iia ?aaeeciaaia.
Iaiaeoth ?ieue a iino?iaiee eiiiuethoa?iie naoe aoca ea?aao
yeiiiie/aneee aniaeo i?iaeaiu. Eaaeaeay ec auoaia?a/eneaiiuo naoaauo
iia?aoeeiiiuo nenoai eiaao nianoaaiioth ?uii/ioth oeaio, e?iia, iiaeao
auoue, IN UNIX, aieueoeinoai aa?nee eioi?ie ?ani?ino?aiyaony aanieaoii.
Oeaiu iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu caaeneo io aa?nee e iaeneiaeueiiai /enea
iieueciaaoaeae. Oae anee NetWare 3.12 ia 5 iieueciaaoaeae noieo 700$, oi
aa?ney 4.1 ia oaeia aea /enei iieueciaaoaeae noieo oaea 770$.
Iaeneiaeueiia eiee/anoai iieueciaaoaeae aeey naoaauo IN auaaao 5, 10,
25, 50, 100, 250, 500 e 1000. Aeey aoca oaeia auaaao a caaeneiinoe io
?acia?ia naoe io 25 aei 100. Niioaaonoaaiii aeey 25, 50 e 100
iieueciaaoaeae, oeaiu ia i?iaeoeou oe?iu Novell neaaeothuea:
NetWare 3.12 – 2200$, 2900$, 4000$; NetWare 4.1 – 2600$, 3500$, 4900$.
Oeaiu ia naoaaua IN ia iniiaa OS/2 ianeieueei aieaa aunieea /ai ia
NetWare 3.12, niioaaonoaaiii: 2500$, 3000$, 4200$. Iaeaieaa aea
aei?iainoiyuae ec ieo, yaeyaony Windows NT AS: noieiinoue aa?nee ia 5
eeeaioia ia naaiaeiyoiee aeaiue ninoaaeyao ii?yaeea 1000$.
Oaoie/aneia ?aoaiea:
A aeaeo ?anniio?aiiiai iaoa?eaea eioi?ue aeaao n?aaieoaeueiia
?anniio?aiea iaeneiaeueiiai eiee/anoaa anao aiciiaeiuo aa?eaioia ?aoaiee
iniiaaiiuo ia nouanoaothueo oaoiieiaeyo e ie?iaii iiuoa, a oaeaea ia
nouanoaothueo e i?eiyouo ai anai ie?a noaiaea?oao iino?iaiey EAN, iu
iiaeai i?eiyoue neaaeothuoth eiioeaioeeth ca iniiao iino?iaiey naoe eae
iaeneiaeueii ioaa/athuoth iinoaaeaiiui o?aaiaaieyi e
oaoieei-yeiiiie/anee caeii/aiioth.
O ian anoue iaaieueoea naoe e ioaeaeueii noiyuea eiiiuethoa?u ie n eai
ia niaaeeiaiiua. Ia ia?aii yoaia iu iauaaeeiei ana eiiiuethoa?u a iaeiii
caeaiee a iaeio naoue, ii niiniaai e oaoiieiaeyi ?anniao?eaaaiui
eiie?aoii e eaaeaeiio neo/ath. A eaaeaeii ei?iona aoaeao auaeaeaiiue
na?aa? eiathuee naycue n oeaio?aeueiui na?aa?ii aoca, ii aeathuee
aiciiaeiinoue nayce i?inoui eiiiuethoa?ai oieueei /a?ac naay. Oae eae
?yae eiiiuethoa?ia eiatho aeinoaoi/ii neaaua oaoie/aneea oa?aeoa?enoeee,
oi ?aoeeiiaeueii iauaaeeieoue eo a naoe iiae oi?aaeaieai IN Novell
NetWare 3.12, oae eae iia aeaao aiciiaeiinoue iiaeeeth/aiey “eeeaioia”
ia o?iaia DOS
I?aaeeaaaaony ?aoeoue aeaiioth caaea/o iooai nicaeaiey ia iniiaa Novell
oaoiieiaee e iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu Novell NetWare 3.12 ei?ii?aoeaioth
naoue aoca ii i?eioeeio “?ani?aaeaeaiiay caacaea”, ?aaioathuoth iiae
oi?aaeaieai ianeieueeeo na?aa?ia e iiaeaea?aeeaay iniiaiua o?ainii?oiua
i?ioieieu (IPX/SPX e TCP/IP) a caaeneiinoe io i?ioieiea iiae eioi?ui
?aaioatho ianoiua eieaeueiua naoe e eiathuay naaiaiou oeia Ethernet .
Aeey ?aaiou n yeaeo?iiiie ii/oie einoaeee?iaaoue auaeaeaiiue na?aa? iiae
oi?aaeaieai UNIX. Aeey i?ia?aiiii-aiia?aoiiai iauaaeeiaiey naoaauo n?aae
NetWare e UNIX eniieueciaaoue i?ia?aiiiue iino ia aaca niaiauaiiiai
o?ainii?oiiai i?ioieiea IPX/IP.
Ia?yaeo n naoaaie IN NetWare 3.12 aeey a?oii eeeaioia, ooieoeeiiaeueii
acaeiinaycaiiuo iaaeaeo niaie i?e ?aoaiee i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo caaea/,
eniieuecoaony naoaaay n?aaea Windows for Workgroup 3.11 eee, anee
iicaieyao aiia?aoiay aaca, Windows 95, i?aaeinoaaeythuea i?ic?a/iue
aeinooi iieueciaaoaeyi yoeo iaeii?aiaiauo naoae e eioi?iaoeee ae?oa
ae?oaa. A oi aea a?aiy iieueciaaoaee n?aaeu Windows for Workgroup 3.11 e
Windows 95 yaeythony eeeaioaie NetWare-na?aa?ia, eiay aeinooi e eo
?ano?nai e eioi?iaoeee ia aeanoeeo aeeneao a niioaaonoaee ni naieie
i?aaaie e i?eaeeaaeyie.
Oaeei ia?acii iu iieo/eee ?aaeueii ?aaioathuoth ei?ii?aoeaioth naoue
eiathuoth iiiaeanoai i?eaeiaeueii ?aaioathueo oceia e i?eioeeiia ?aoaiee
caaea/e eioi?ay ia naaiaeiy a ie?a yaeyaony iaeiie ec naiuo eioa?aniuo e
ia?aaeiauo a ie?a a iaeanoe eioi?iaoeeiiiuo oaoiieiaee. Yoa naoue aeano
a aeaeueiaeoai aiciiaeiinoue ia?aoiaeeoue ia iiaua aieaa iiuiua
i?ia?aiiiua e aiia?aoiua n?aaenoaa nayce e eiiioieeaoeee eioi?ua aoaeoo
?ac?aaioaiu a ie?a, oae eae any naoue ?aaeeciaaia ia iniiaa ISO e
iieiinoueth niioaaonoaoao ie?iaui noaiaea?oai.
Aeaeeia?aoey
Ay??e Iain. «Eiiiuethoa?iua naoe» – I.: AEIII, 1996 a.
«Iniiau aaeieieno?e?iaaiey NetWare 4.1» // Eiiiuethoa?I?ann ??2-12 1996
Ao?oeaa A.E. «Naoaaua iia?aoeeiiiua nenoaiu» – I. : NI YEI-O?AIAeC, 1993
a.
Aaeeiae/ A.TH. «N?aaiaiea iiaenenoai aaciianiinoe ?aniino?aiaiiuo
naoaauo iia?aoeeiiiuo nenoai» – I. : NI YEI-O?AIAeC, 1993 a.
A?aiaea I., Iainue? O. «OS/2: i?eioeeiu iino?iaiey e onoaiiaea» – I.:
Ie?, 1991 a.
E?yioe Aeae., Iaecaee Y., Oeeueyic ?. «Iia?aoeeiiiay nenoaia OS/2» – I.:
Ie?, 1991 a.
«?ano?nu Windows NT (Windows NT Resource Kit)» – Microsoft Press, 1995.
Aao Aeae. Ii??en «A?oeoaeoo?a iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu UNIX»,
Prentice-Hall, 1992.
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