.

Принципиальные отличия WIN95 от предыдущих версий. Достоинства и недостатки WIN95

Язык: русский
Формат: реферат
Тип документа: Word Doc
73 1032
Скачать документ

Aeaenaiae?

Naiaeaaaneee

IAAO

AE (ANO-2)

J16.06.1996

…And BEER for ALL…(

Windows 95: Iiaua aiciiaeiinoe e i?eioeeieaeueiua ioee/ey io
i?aaeuaeoueo aa?nee

Au?aaeaaony aeaaiaea?iinoue:

Aaeiiooeeio A.I.

Iao?iae/aao A.E.

Aeaieeiao A.I.

Eaniaeeo A.A.

E, eiia/ii, Naaa ethaeiiio !

Nienie eeoa?aoo?u:

Aiae?eai Eeia «Windows 95 ecioo?e»

(ecaeaoaeuenoai «Ieoa?», 1995 aiae)

«Aaaaeaiea a Microsoft WINDOWS 95»

(ecaeaoaeuenoai Microsoft, 1995 aiae)

Oeao?iia «IBM PC aeey iieueciaaoaey»

(6-a ecaeaiea, ecaeaoaeuenoai «EIO?A-I»)

WINDOWS 95 – aei?iaa a *eeaai.

Ia i?ioyaeaiee anaai ia?eiaea ?ac?aaioee e nicaeaiey nenoaia
Windows 95 auea ecaanoia iiae eiaeiaui iacaaieai *eeaai, e aiooeoaeueiue
neaeae ia naiuo ia?auo a? i?acaioaoeeyo ecia?aaeae ea?oo NOA,
icaaeaaeaiioth: “Aaeai a *eeaai …”. WIN95 ?ac?aaaouaaeanue e
nicaeaaaeanue aiana ia a aaeooia, iao, ia aei?iaa a *eeaai auei iiiai
inoaiiaie. Ia/eiay n auoiaea ia?aie aa?nee Windows a iiya?a 1985 aiaea,
caoai n iiyaeaieai aanueia yooaeoiie e aiieia oniaoiie Windows 3.0 a iaa
1990 aiaea, oe?ia Iee?inioo aeeaaeuaaea ia?iiiua n?aaenoaa a
?aaeecaoeeth yoiai i?iaeoa. Ieeoi e ieeiaaea ia iia iaaeieoue Iee?inioo
a oii, /oi iia ioeacaeanue io eaeae Windows, eioi?ay n eaaeaeui ?acii,
iaaeeaiii, ii aa?ii noaiiaeeanue an? eo/oa e eo/oa, eae ii naiei
aiciiaeiinoyi, oae e a niunea iinoiyiiiai oaaee/aiey iau?iia i?iaeaae.
Iiyaeaiea ia ?uiea Windows 3.0 noaei oai naiui ia?aeiiiui yoaiii, a
oiaea eioi?iai aanue ie? aiacaiii ioe?ue aeey naay aiciiaeiinoe e
aeinoieinoaa Windows, aneaaenoaea /aai auei i?iaeaii ia?iiiia eiee/anoai
eiiee nenoaiu.

Aiacaiiue, eacaeinue au, oniao Windows 3.0 aue ia naiii aeaea
iaoneiaeai oeaeui ?yaeii oaeoi?ia. Eiaiii a yoi a?aiy eiiiuethoa?u,
iino?iaiiua ia aaca i?ioeanni?a Intel 386, ia aeacao noaiiaeeenue an?
aeinooiiae. E iiiaioo auoiaea Windows aa?nee 3.1 eiiiuethoa?u n 386
i?ioeanni?ii eniieueciaaeenue oaea i?aeoe/anee iianaianoii. Iie
iaania/eaaee oi?iooth i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue e auee oie ieaooi?iie, ia
eioi?ie Windows iiaea ?aaioaoue yooaeoeaii. Ia iaiaa aaaeiui oaeoi?ii
yaeeinue e oi, /oi iau?i iia?aoeaiie iaiyoe, a oaeaea ea/anoai e
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue aeaeainenoai a eiioea eiioeia, noaee
niioaaonoaiaaoue o?aaiaaieyi, eioi?ua i?aaeuyaeyea e iei Windows. Eae
oieueei aiia?aoiua n?aaenoaa niiaee iaania/eoue aeieaeiue o?iaaiue
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe, aeinoieinoaa a?aoe/aneiai eioa?oaena iaiiaaiii
noaee i/aaeaeiu aeey ia?iiiiai /enea iieueciaaoaeae.

Iee?inioo aeaaiui-aeaaii ioeaieea ana i?aeiouanoaa Windows, iaeiaei
aei auoiaea Windows 3.0 iieueciaaoaeyi auei aeinooiii eeoue aanueia
ia?aie/aiiia /enei ea/anoaaiiuo i?eeiaeaiee Windows. Auaaee neo/ae,
eiaaea niiiaiey aicieeaee aeaaea n?aaee /eaiia a?oiiu ?ac?aaioee
i?eeeaaeiiai i?ia?aiiiiai iaania/aiey naiie Iee?inioo – a ?acoiii ee
aeaeaoue noaaeo ia Windows? Windows 3.0 ?acei eciaieea ioiioaiea e naaa,
e ia i?ioei ianeieueeeo ianyoeaa n iiiaioa a? auoiaea, eae eiee/anoai
iiaeaea?aeeaathueo Windows i?ia?aiiiuo i?iaeoeoia ?acei oaaee/eeinue.
?ac?aaio/eee i?ia?aiiiiai iaania/aiey oaea ia caaeaaaeenue aii?inii, a

noieo ee ienaoue aa?nee naieo i?iaeoeoia aeey Windows, oaia?ue aii?in
noiye a oii, eae auno?i iie niiaoo auionoeoue iiaue i?iaeoeo ia ?uiie.

Eiaiii ia yoii yoaia e auei iauyaeaii i nicaeaiee Windows 95. I?e
yoii o eiiaiaeu ?ac?aaio/eeia ia auei ieeaeeo niiiaiee a oii, /oi n
Windows 95 an? aoaeao ii-ae?oaiio. Neeoeii auee aaeeee iaeeaeaiey
iieueciaaoaeae. Iiaeii auei au ia niiiaaaoueny a oii, /oi iiaua
aiciiaeiinoe ana aei aaeeiie aoaeoo ouaoaeueii ii?iaiaaiu, enneaaeiaaiu,
ianoaeaeaiu e ?ane?eoeeiaaiu. Windows 95 aeieaeia auea noaoue naiie
eo/oae ec anao aa?nee Windows , e oeaee, eioi?ua ia?aae niaie noaaeea
eiiaiaea ?ac?aaio/eeia, aiieia niioaaonoaiaaee iaiaoiaeeiinoe
iaania/eoue naiua na?ue?ciua oeo/oaiey i?iaeoeoa. O/eouaay, /oi e
na?aaeeia 1993 aiaea iau?i i?iaeaae oaeouae aa?nee Windows aeinoea
iaeiiai ieeeeiia eiiee a ianyoe, ethaua iiaua aa?nee i?iaeoeoa aeieaeiu
auoue aaniethoii iaae?aeiuie.

Iiyoiio iniiaiay caaea/a i?e ?ac?aaioea e nicaeaiee Windows
noaaeeanue oae: iiaue i?iaeoeo aeieaeai aue ni/aoaoue a naaa iiaua
ainoeoeoaeueiua aiciiaeiinoe e aaniethoioth iaae?aeiinoue – io e, naii
niaie ?acoiaaony, ?ac?aaioaoue oaeie i?iaeoeo iaaei auei auno?i. I?e
yoii iaaei ioaeaaaoue naaa io/ao a oii, /oi ethaay eiiaiaea
?ac?aaio/eeia iaecaaaeii noaeeeaaaony n iaiaoiaeeiinoueth ei??aeoe?iaee
oaeeo oeaeae, eae au i?ae?aniu iie ia auee, a niioaaonoaee n eiie?aoiuie
oneiaeyie. A yoii niunea ia noaea eneeth/aieai e Windows 95.

A /ai ninoieo ienney Windows 95?

Iniiaioth oeaeue, eioi?ay noiyea ia?aae ?ac?aaio/eeaie Windows 95,
iiaeii ?anniao?eaaoue n ?aciuo oi/ae c?aiey e a ?aciii eiioaenoa, ii a
oeaeii a? nooue iiaeii au?aceoue iaeiie e?aoeie o?acie: naeaeaoue
nenoaio oaeiaiie. Ienney Windows 95 ninoieo a oii, /oiau iaeneiaeueii
iaeaa/eoue ana niiniau eniieueciaaiey ia?niiaeueiiai eiiiuethoa?a
iieueciaaoaeyi, oai, eoi caieiaaony ianeoaeeaaieai eiiiuethoa?ia, a
oaeaea i?iecaiaeeoaeyi aiia?aoiuo n?aaenoa e i?ia?aiiiiai iaania/aiey. E
oaeie iiaeoiae aeaenoaeoaeueii ii?aaaeuaaao naay. Eicoia ?ac?aaio/eeia
Windows 95 cao/ae oae: “Naeaeaeoa a? e?aeie a eniieueciaaiee, a ia
noa?aeoanue iaeaa/eoue iieueciaaiea ath”, e a oiaea anaai oeeeea
?ac?aaioee e nicaeaiey Windows 95 iiiaie?aoii i?iaa?yeanue eiaiii n
oi/ee c?aiey oaeianoaa eniieueciaaiey.

Iiiiuue eiia/iui iieueciaaoaeyi

A eiiiuethoa?iie eiaeono?ee iiiyoea oaeianoaa eniieueciaaiey
oiio?aaeyaony, iiaeaeoe neeoeii /anoi. Aieueoeinoai iieueciaaoaeae
iaoiaeyo, /oi n Windows ?aaioaoue ai?acaei oaeiaiaa, /ai n MS-DOS,
iaeiaei eiiaiaea ?ac?aaio/eeia Windows 95 n/eoaea, /oi ia naiii aeaea
i?aaenoieo naeaeaoue au? i/aiue iiiaia, i?aaeaea /ai ?aaioaoue n Windows
noaiao aeaenoaeoaeueii oaeiaii. Aio ia eaeea i?iaeaiu ?ac?aaio/eee
Windows ia?aoeee aieiaiea a ia?aoth i/a?aaeue.

Aieueoeinoai iieueciaaoaeae ii-i?aaeiaio eniuouaatho no?ao ia?aae
eiiiuethoa?aie, e eiaiii ec-ca yoiai iiiaea iioaioeeaeueiua iieoiaoaee
aicaea?aeeaathony io i?eia?aoaiey IBM-niaianoeiuo eiiiuethoa?ia.

Aeey iiiaeo iieueciaaoaeae aeaaea naiua iau/iua aeaenoaey e caaea/e
(oaeea eae, iai?eia?, iano?ieea i?eioa?a), ii-i?aaeiaio oayo a naaa
iiiaeanoai iayniinoae.

Neiaeiua aeaenoaey, oaeea eae aeinooi e oaeae?iiui aeaiiui, ii-i?aaeiaio
i?aaenoaaeytho o?oaeiinoe aeaaea aeey iiuoiuo iieueciaaoaeae e
i?aeoe/anee iaaeinooiiu anai inoaeueiui.

Aiia?aoiua ieaooi?iu

Aieueoeinoai ec eniieuecoaiuo a iaoe aeie eiiiuethoa?ia eiatho
eiioeao?aoeeth oeia iaoeiu, niaianoeiie n IBM PC AT ia?acoea 1984 aiaea.
N oao ii? i?iecioei iiiaeanoai ea/anoaaiiuo oeo/oaiee ioaeaeueiuo
ninoaaiuo /anoae, iaeiaei iauay a?oeoaeoo?a nenoaiu i?aeoe/anee ia
eciaieeanue. Iiaeaeaioa i?iecaiaeeoaeae ia auione eiiiuethoa?ia n
i?ioeanni?ii eae ieieioi 386 SX, /aou?ueiy iaaaaaeoaie iaiyoe e oi?ioeie
aeaeaiaaeaioa?aie, Microsoft ia neeoeii-oi caaioeeanue i oii, /oiau
oaaaeeoue eiiiaiee, caieiathueany ?ac?aaioeie aiia?aoiuo n?aaenoa,
iinoiyiii niaa?oainoaiaaoue nicaeaaaaioth eie oaoieeo.

Microsoft ?anniao?eaaea Windows 95 e eae aiciiaeiinoue eciaieoue
nouanoaothuaa iieiaeaiea aauae ia aeaai eiia/iuo iieueciaaoaeae, oae e
i?iecaiaeeoaeae eiiiuethoa?ia. A yoii niunea iniiaiiieaaathuei, eiia/ii
aea, yaeyaony ?acaeoea aiia?aoiuo n?aaenoa. PLUG AND PLAY – oae
iacuaaaony niaoeeoeeaoeey , nicaeaiiay niaianoii oe?iaie Microsoft,
Intel, Phoenix Technologies( ?ac?aaio/ee BIOS), Compaq e iaeioi?uie
ae?oaeie. Oeaeue a? nicaeaiey ninoiyea a naaaeaiee e ieieioio i?iaeai,
naycaiiuo n iano?ieeie e eiioeao?e?iaaieai aiia?aoiuo n?aaenoa. Oaia?ue
iieueciaaoaeth niaa?oaiii iaiaycaoaeueii ciaoue /oi oaeia IRQ (o?iaaiue
cai?ina i?a?uaaiey) eee aae?an aaiaea-auaiaea. I/aaeaeii, /oi io
iaeaa/aiey iano?ieee nenoaiu auea?atho ana – iieueciaaoaee, oa, eoi
caieiaaony ianeoaeeaaieai eiiiuethoa?ia, io e, eiia/ii, ?ac?aaio/eee, e
iinoaaueee aiia?aoiuo n?aaenoa.

Aua iaeiei e?oiiui oaaii Microsoft a niunea iiaeaea?aeee iiauo
aayiee a iaeanoe niaa?oainoaiaaiey aiia?aoiuo n?aaenoa yaeeinue ?aoaiea
iaeiiaoe-oi eeeaeaee?iaaoue caaeneiinoue Windows io MS-DOS eae io
aaciaie iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiie. A eaaeaeie iiaie aa?nee Windows
iineaaeiaaoaeueii a?aea ia naay an? aieueoa ooieoeee iia?aoeeiiiie
nenoaiu e, a eiioea eiioeia ,MS-DOS noaea ia aieaa /ai aanueia
iayooaeoeaiie nenoaiie, iiaeaea?aeeaathuae ?aaioo n oaeeaie. Iiaeiaiue
iiaeoiae aeinoea naiae eoeueieiaoeee a ?aaioa iaae Windows 95 , eioi?ay
noaea oeaeueiui e iineaaeiaaoaeueiui aiieiuaieai iaeaaeathuae anaie
aiciiaeiinoyie iieiinoueth caueuaiiie 32-o ?ac?yaeiie iia?aoeeiiiie
nenoaiu. Oaia?ue iieueciaaoaeth o?aaoaony onoaiiaeoue ia eiiiuethoa?
oieueei Windows 95 – MS-DOS oaea ia ioaeia. I?e yoii Windows 95
i?iaeieaeaao iiaeaea?aeeaaoue i?eeiaeaiey MS-DOS i?e iiiiue n?aaenoa
niaianoeiinoe, ?aaeecaoeey eioi?uo ainoiaeeo e a?aiaiai nicaeaiey
Microsoft Windows/386, Microsoft OS/2 e Windows NT. Windows 95
i?aaeinoaaeyao i?iecaiaeeoaeyi aiia?aoiuo n?aaenoa aiciiaeiinoue
?ac?aaaouaaoue e niaa?oainoaiaaoue naith i?iaeoeoeeth oaeei ia?acii, /oi
iia ia aeieaeia no?iai niioaaonoaiaaoue noa?ie a?oeoaeoo?a IBM PC.
Aiciiaeiinoe oaeiai ?iaea aeeth/atho i?eiaiaiea oniaa?oainoaiaaiiuo BIOS
e ieao ?anoe?aiey, eioi?ua a oiaea iano?ieee acaeiiaeaenoaotho n
iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiie. O/eouaay, /oi a Windows 95 aeinooi e ethaui
aiia?aoiui n?aaenoaai inouanoaeyaony i?e iiiiue ae?aeaa?ia ono?ienoa,
iieueciaaoaeue, anee o iaai anoue niioaaonoaothuee ae?aeaa?, eaaei
iiaeao aeiaaaeoue e nenoaia iiaia ono?ienoai. Oaia?ue iao iaiaoiaeeiinoe
a niaianoeiinoe n onoa?aaoeie BIOS , anee, eiia/ii, aeaiiia ono?ienoai
ia aeieaeii iiaeaea?aeeaaoue oaeaea e ?aaioo MD-DOS.

Aeey ?ac?aaio/eea – iaeiiaoe-oi 32-?ac?yaeiinoue

Ianiio?y ia oi, /oi oeaeueth nicaeaiey Windows 95 auei iaeaa/aiea
aeecie iieueciaaoaeyi, niaoeeaeenoai ii ianeoaeeaaieth e
i?iecaiaeeoaeyi, iniiaiui enoi/ieeii aeeciaiiuo nee Windows
ii-i?aaeiaio yaeythony i?eeeaaeiua i?ia?aiiu. Ia ca?a naiaai ?acaeoey
Windows e?aeia iaaeeaiii iieo/aea iiaeaea?aeeo ni noi?iiu ?ac?aaio/eeia
i?ia?aiiiiai iaania/aiey. N iiyaeaieai Windows 3.0 yoio ?o/a?e, neaaia
iiaeiaea iiaeaea?aeee, aiacaiii i?aa?aoeeny a iiuiue, iienoeia ao?iue
iioie iiauo i?eeiaeaiee. Ai?i/ai, iaaei ioiaoeoue, /oi nicaeaiea
i?eeiaeaiee Windows ieeiaaea ia auei e?aeie caaea/ae, oioy ea/anoai e
?aciiia?acea n?aaenoa ?ac?aaioee e o/aaiuo iaoa?eaeia a iineaaeiea aiaeu
caiaoii oeo/oeeenue. Oi, /oi Windows 95 iiaeaea?aeeaaao 32-?ac?yaeiua
i?ia?aiiu, nouanoaaiii iaeaa/aao aeeciue i?ia?aiienoia:

Nicaeaaaoue 32-?ac?yaeiua i?ia?aiiu iaiiiai eaa/a, /ai ?aaioaoue n
16-?ac?yaeiie naaiaioe?iaaiiie iiaeaeueth iaiyoe, eioi?ay auea
iaiaoiaeeia ?aiiei aa?neyi Windows.

32-?ac?yaeiue Windows API (Application Programming Interface) –
eioa?oaen – i?eeeaaeiiai i?ia?aiie?iaaiey – niaianoei n A?I, eioi?ue
iiaeaea?aeeaaaony- Windows NT , aneaaenoaea /aai ?ac?aaio/eeai,
aeaeathuei auioneaoue i?ia?aiiiua i?iaeoeou aeey iaieo iia?aoeeiiiuo
nenoai, aoaeao ai?acaei i?iua nicaeaaaoue e iiaeaea?aeeaaoue naie
i?eeiaeaiey.

Windows 95 naia eniieuecoao 32-?ac?yaeioth iiaeaeue iaiyoe, a
?acoeueoaoa /aai en/acaao iiiaeanoai ia?aie/aiee, eioi?ua auee i?enoue
?aiiei aa?neyi Windows. Oaia?ue /?acau/aeii oeaiiua ?aiaa nenoaiiua
?ano?nu, oaeea eae, aeane?eioi?u oaeeia (files handless), aeinooiiu a
eciaeeee, e ?ac?aaio/eeai i?ia?aiiiiai iaania/aiey oaea iao ioaeaeu
i?eaeoiuaaoue eciu??iiua iaoiaeu, iicaieythuea oiaiueoeoue iio?aaiinoe
i?ia?aii a nenoaiiuo ?ano?nao.

Ia?aay inoaiiaea – *eeaai

Windows 95 – yoi e?oiiue oaa a yaiethoeeiiiii i?ioeanna. Ia
eiiiuethoa?a, ?aaioathuai iiae oi?aaeaieai Windows 95, ioaeaeueiue
i?iaeoeo iiae iacaaieai MS-DOS oaea ia ioaeai. Windows 95 aa??o ia naay
ana ooieoeee iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu. Au onoaiaaeeaaaoa ia naie
eiiiuethoa? iaeei-aaeeinoaaiiue i?iaeoeo e iinea caa?ocee nenoaiu
ieacuaaaoanue iaiin?aaenoaaiii a n?aaea Windows 95. I?e yoii Windows
95 nio?aiyao iieioth niaianoeiinoue n MS-DOS , e au ii-i?aaeiaio iiaeaoa
caioneaoue ana naie ?aceaeaioiua i?ia?aiiu e i?i/ea i?eeiaeaiey MS-DOS n
eioi?uie au i?eaueee ?aaioaoue. Iaeiaei a iniiaa a?oeoaeoo?u Windows 95
eaaeeo Windows, iaeaaeathuay niaianoeiinoueth n MS-DOS, a ia MS-DOS ,
i?e eioi?ie Windows ?aaioaao eae iiaenenoaia.

Anoue iiiai i?e/ei, a neeo eioi?uo eiaei niune aiieioeoue Windows
95 eiaiii oaeei ia?acii. ?an/ao ia MS-DOS , eae ia aaciaoth
iia?aoeeiiioth nenoaio iaieioaii niecee au iauoth iiuiinoue e
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue nenoaiu. Nae/an Windows 95 iiaeaea?aeeaaao ana oa
ooieoeee, eioi?ua iaiaoiaeeiu nia?aiaiiui i?eeiaeaieyi e naoaaui
i?ia?aiiai. ?ac?aaio/eee- Windows 95 oioaee naeaeaoue e?aeia
iaae?aeioth nenoaio – iie no?aieeenue eneeth/eoue i?aeoe/anee ethaoth
aiciiaeiinoue naiy nenoaiu aneaaenoaea iai?aaeeueiiai iiaaaeaiey
i?eeeaaeiuo i?ia?aii e i?i/eo aiaoieo oaeoi?ia. Iaae?aeiay nenoaia – yoi
nenoaia, eioi?ay ia aea?o naiaa, /oiau ie aeaeaee n iae iieueciaaoaee
eee i?eeeaaeiua i?ia?aiiu. Anee eaeay-ieaoaeue i?ia?aiia aae?oa ia/iao
?aaioaoue iai?aaeeueii, iieueciaaoaeue iiaeao caaa?oeoue aa aac oua?aa
aeey ae?oaeo i?ia?aii eee aeaiiuo. Anee i?ia?aiia iaei??aeoii ia?auaaony
e iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaia, oa caueuaao naay, caaa?oay i?ia?aiio-ia?ooeoaey
niieienoaey aac oua?aa aeey ae?oaeo i?eeiaeaiee. Eae iaania/eoue oaeoth
iaae?aeiinoue? An? aeaei a oii, eae i?aaieciaaiia nenoaia: i?aaeaea
anaai, iaiaoiaeeii iaania/eoue aeeo?aoioth, ouaoaeueioth i?iaa?eo
cai?inia, eioi?ua iinueatho ae i?eeiaeaiey, caueoeoue iaeanoe nenoaiiuo
aeaiiuo e eciee?iaaoue ioaeaeueiua eiiiiiaiou i?ia?aii. A /anoiinoe,
iiaay 32-?ac?yaeiay iiaeaeue i?eeeaaeiiai i?ia?aiie?iaaiey iicaieeea
eiiaiaea Windows 95 iaania/eoue iieioth caueoo iaiyoe aeey ioaeaeueiuo
32-?ac?yaeiuo i?ia?aii. I?e yoii 32-?ac?yaeiua i?ia?aiiu ia oieueei
caueuaiu ae?oa io ae?oaa, ii e naia nenoaia iieiinoueth caueuaia io ieo.
(Auei ianeieueei oeo/oaii ianeoaeeaaiea e 16-?ac?yaeiuo i?ia?aii,
iaeiaei ooo, aneaaenoaea i?iaeai n niaianoeiinoueth, iaei /oi iiaeii
auei naeaeaoue.)

Oaeiaiay iano?ieea e eiioeao?e?iaaiea

Iano?ieea e eiioeao?e?iaaiea nenoaiu Windows ieeiaaea ia auea e?aeie
caaea/ae. Eaaeaeay iiaay aa?ney oeo/oaea yoio i?ioeann, iaeiaei aeaaea
iano?ieea Windows 3.0 e Windows 3.1 (eioi?ua, eae i?aaeiieaaaeinue,
aeieaeiu auee caiaoii iaeaa/eoue yoi caiyoea), i?iaeieaeaea noaaeoue a
ooiee iiiaeo iieueciaaoaeae. Eaeay “naeaeaoue oaeiaiie” iieiinoueth
i?aiaeaaeaea i?e ?ac?aaioea e i?aaiecaoeee i?ioeaaeo? iano?ieee e
eiioeao?e?iaaiey. Iinoaaea naaa oeaeue na?ue?cii oniaa?oainoaiaaoue
iano?ieeo, eiiaiaea ?ac?aaio/eeia nin?aaeioi/eea naia aieiaiea ia
neaaeothueo iaeanoyo:

Eiioeao?aoeey aiia?aoiuo n?aaenoa. Eaeay PLUG & PLAY aeieaeia auea
ei?aiiui ia?acii iaeaa/eoue eiioeao?e?iaaiea ia?niiaeueiuo
eiiiuethoa?ia. Windows 95 aeieaeia auea noaoue ia?aie iia?aoeeiiiie
nenoaiie, iiaeaea?aeeaathuae noaiaea?o PLUG & PLAY, eioi?ue iiaeaioiaeee
Microsoft, Intel, Phoenix Technologies e ?yae ae?oaeo eiiiaiee.

Onoaiiaea e eiioeao?e?iaaiea Windows 95 iiaa?o nouanoaothuae Windows
3.1. ?ac?aaio/eee ?aoeee, /oi a yoii i?ioeanna iieueciaaoaeue aeieaeai
o/anoaiaaoue eeoue a ea/anoaa eeoea, a ioaeiia a?aiy anoaaeythuaai a
aeeneiaiae aeeneaou. A eiioea eiioeia, anee ia aeaiiie nenoaia oaea
?aaioaea Windows 3.1, eoi-oi iaaa?iyea oaeo ?aoee i?iaeaiu iano?ieee e
eiioeao?e?iaaiey. I?e yoii Windows 95 aeieaeia auea auoue niiniaia
eniieueciaaoue ana aaiia ii?aaeae?iiua iano?ieee aeey iaeaa/aiey
nianoaaiiie onoaiiaee.

I?ioeaaeo?u aeeniao/a?ecaoeee e eciaiaiey eiioeao?aoeee. A yoii niunea,
ana aac eneeth/aiey aniaeou ?aaiou nouanoaothuae nenoaiu auee ouaoaeueii
enneaaeiaaiu e i?iaiaeece?iaaiu ia i?aaeiao oaeianoaa eniieueciaaiey.
Oae, iai?eia?, eiiaiaea ?ac?aaio/eeia n/eoaea, /oi ethaie iieueciaaoaeue
aeieaeai eiaoue aiciiaeiinoue eaaei iano?ieoue iiaue i?eioa?. I?e ?aaioa
n Windows 3.1 yoi oaeaaaeinue aeaeaei ia anaaaea.

Eieoeeaoea n PLUG & PLAY

Eieoeeaoeaa n PLUG & PLAY caeeth/aao a naaa ai?acaei aieaa na?ue?cioth
iaeanoue i?eiaiaiey, iaaeaee i?inoi Windows 95. Iineieueeo aai
?ac?aaio/eee ni/ee iaiaoiaeeiui iaania/eoue iacaaeneiinoue io eiie?aoiie
iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu, PLUG & PLAY ii?aaeaeyao ?anoe?aiee aeey ethaie
nouanoaothuae a?oeoaeoo?u IBM-niaianoeiuo eiiiuethoa?ia, aeeth/ay iiaua
BIOS e aiia?aoiua aiciiaeiinoe, eioi?ua i?ecaaiu ia?aaeeoue
iieueciaaoaey io i?iaeai n iano?ieeie e eiioeao?e?iaaieai. Anee ia
i?eieiaoue a ?an/ao i?ioeann oece/aneiai iiaeeeth/aiey iaeioi?iai
ono?ienoaa e nenoaia, eioa?oaen PLUG & PLAY aa??o ia naay ana caaiou ii
eaeaioeoeeaoeee iiaeeeth/aiiiai ono?ienoaa e ii iaania/aieth aeaiiiai
ono?ienoaa iaiaoiaeeiuie aiia?aoiuie ?ano?naie (a?iaea o?iaiy cai?ina
i?a?uaaiey) e ii eiioeao?e?iaaieth niioaaonoaothueo ae?aeaa?ia
ono?ienoa.

Eioa?oaen PLUG & PLAY ia caaeneo io a?oeoaeoo?u nenoaiiie oeiu. Ii
niiniaai ?aaioaoue n ISA, EISA, MICRO CHANNEL, PCMCIA e ethaie ae?oaie
oeiie, eioi?ay caaithao naaa ianoi ia ?uiea. A neo/aa n oeiie ISA, aeey
eioi?ie ia nouanoaoao aiia?aoiie iiaeaea?aeee oeia PLUG & PLAY,
niaoeeoeeaoeey ii?aaeaeyao iiaue eioa?oaen ea?ou aaeaioa?a. E?iia yoiai,
i?e e?aeia iacia/eoaeueiuo cao?aoao ia iiaeeoeeaoeeth aiia?aoiuo
n?aaenoa e i?e iaee/ee niioaaonoaothuaai i?ia?aiiiiai iaania/aiey ea?oa
ISA aaeaioa?a iiaeao noaoue niaianoeiie n eioa?oaenii PLUG & PLAY.

Eiioeao?e?iaaiea Windows

Eiioeao?e?iaaiea Windows oaea naii ii naaa iaiiieiaao ia/oi a?iaea
/a?iie iaaee. Iau?ienoua noaouee e aeaaea oeaeua eieae iinayuathony
?acuyniaieth niaea?aeeiiai ca/anooth e?aeia caaaaei/iuo no?ie, eioi?ua
iaoiaeyony a oaeeao WIN.INI e SYSTEM.INI. Anee n?aaieaaoue niaea?aeeiia
yoeo oaeeia n oai, /oi iaoiaeeony a oaeeao CONFIG.SYS e AUTOEXEC.BAT,
noaiiaeony ynii, /oi iieueciaaoaeue, niae?athueeny eciaieoue iano?ieee
eee oeo/oeoue i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue Windows , noaaeo ia?aae niaie ia
naioth i?inooth caaea/o. Eiiaiaea Windows 95 caaeaeanue oeaeueth
ouaoaeueii i?iaiaeece?iaaoue eaaeaeue ia?aiao? oaeeia eiioeao?aoeee. E
aeaenoaeoaeueii, anee eaeie-oi ia?aiao? ia ioaeai, ca/ai aeeth/aoue aai
a oaee eiioeao?aoeee? E?iia oiai, /ai iaoneiaeaia iaiaoiaeeiinoue oaeiai
aieueoiai eiee/anoaa oneiaii iaiaoiaeeiuo ia?aiao?ia? A ia iiaee au
i?eiyoua ii oiie/aieth ia?aiao?u eneeth/eoue iaaeiaiinoue aaaaeaiey
iiauo? Iaoaeaee oeo/oaiiua ia?aiao?u, i?eiyoua ii oiie/aieth, ia aeaaeoo
aiciiaeiinoue oiaiueoeoue eiee/anoai aeiiieieoaeueiuo? A eoiaa yoeo
?aciuoeaiee ?aoaii auei, /oi, /ai iaiueoa ia?aiao?ia inoaiaony, oai
oaeiaiaa aoaeao iieueciaaoaeth ?acae?aoueny n nenoaiie.

Ii e?iia oao oaeeia, /oi naie ii naaa oi?aaeytho eiioeao?e?iaaieai
Windows , iiiaea i?eeiaeaiey eniieuecotho nianoaaiiua oaeeu
eieoeeaeecaoeee eee aeiaaaeytho iaeioi?oth eioi?iaoeeth a oaee WIN.INI.
Iiiyoii, /oi i?eaaaeaiea yoeo i?iaeai a niioaaonoaea ni cae?aaui niuneii
ianeieueei caiicaeaei, iaeiaei eiiaiaea ?ac?aaio/eeia Windows 95 acyea
ia aii?oaeaiea iiaeoiae, eioi?ue a nai? a?aiy eniieueciaaee ?ac?aaio/eee
Windows NT . Aeaei a oii, /oi Windows NT eniieuecoao niaoeeaeueiue oaee,
iacuaaaiue REGISTRY , a eioi?ii niaea?aeeony any eioi?iaoeey,
ioiinyuayny e aiia?aoiui n?aaenoaai, iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaia e
eiioeao?aoeee i?eeeaaeiuo i?ia?aii. Niaea?aeaueany a registry ia?aiao?u
aeinooiiu i?eeeaaeiui i?ia?aiiai /a?ac ca?aiaa ii?aaeaeaiiue eioa?oaen
i?eeeaaeiiai i?ia?aiie?iaaiey. I?e yoii i?eeiaeaiey iiaoo aeiaaaeyoue e
eciaiyoue naie nianoaaiiua iano?ieee eiioeao?aoeee i?e iiiiue
niioaaonoaothueo ooieoeee API . Iieueciaaoaeue ecaaaeai io
iaiaoiaeeiinoe ?aaeaeoe?iaaoue oaeeu eiioeao?aoeee, /oi aaoiiaoe/anee
eneeth/aao oeaeue ?yae ioeaie. Windows 95 eniieuecoao oaeeu
?aaeno?aoeee, oae aea eae e Windows NT , iiyoiio ii ia?a oiai eae
?ac?aaio/eee aoaeoo niaa?oainoaiaaoue naie i?ia?aiiu aeey Windows 95 ,
ana i?iaeaiu n iano?ieeie eiioeao?aoeee aeieaeiu en/aciooue.

Aeaenoaey iieueciaaoaeae

Aieueoeinoai aeaenoaee ii oi?aaeaieth nenoaiie, oaeeo eae iano?ieea
i?eioa?a eee eciaiaiea aeaea ye?aia Windows aeieaeiu auoue aeinooiiu
anai iieueciaaoaeyi. Aea oae iii e anoue, iaeiaei iiiaea ec ieo ia
oae-oi i?inoi ?aaeeciaaoue e aeinoaoi/ii o?oaeii iiiyoue. Windows 95
?aoaao yoo i?iaeaio, iauaaeeiyy e oi?iuay aieueoeinoai iaiaoiaeeiuo a
iaoe aeie aeaenoaee, eioi?ua ana iieueciaaoaee aeieaeiu i?iaeaeuaaoue
ia nai?i eiiiuethoa?a.

Iiaay iaiei/ea e eioa?oaen iieueciaaoaey

Ia?aia, /oi a?inaaony a aeaca i?e acaeyaea ia Windows 95 – yoi iiaue
iaeee ye?aia. Nae/an Microsoft i?eaeaeaao e ?aaioa iaae anaie naieie
i?iaeoaie ooaeiaeieeia-i?ioanneiiaeia, e aiaoiaio aeaeo Windows 95
oaeaeyee i/aiue iiiai aieiaiey. I?ia?aiienoai oaea iao ioaeaeu /anaie
?ac?aaaouaaoue /anaie iiaua cia/ee aeey iaiaee oi?aaeaiey. Oaia?ue yoei
caieiathony niaoeeaeenou, eioi?ua ouaoaeueii i?iaeoiuaatho aeae iiauo
yeaiaioia ye?aia a niioaaonoaee n eo iacia/aieai e iauei iaeeeii
eioa?oaena. Ia ia?aue acaeyae, iao iniauo ioee/ee a oii, eae
auaeyaeyo ioaeaeueiua yeaiaiou ye?aia Windows 95 e Windows 3.1 – cia/ee
eae aoaeoi au inoaeenue i?aaeieie, iaeiaei, i?eniio?aaoenue, au
oaeaeeoa, /oi a Windows 95 ianeieueei eciaieeenue oo?eoiaea e oaie,
eioi?ua iie ioa?anuaatho. Iiaeii i?aaenoaaeoue, neieueei aeeneonnee, a
aiineaaenoaee e oai?/aneeo oneeee ooei ia oi, /oiau eciaieoue aiaoiee
aeae Windows 95.

Iiaay iaiei/ea

Oaia?ue iaiei/ea Windows 95 ia oieueei auaeyaeeo neiiaoe/iaa, iia
neeueii eciaieeanue a niunea ooieoeeiiaeueiinoe. Anee ii?anni?aoeaaoue
iieueciaaoaeae Windows 3.1 i oii, /oi oaeia “iaiei/ea”, iiaeii iieo/eoue
aanueia eioa?aniua ioaaou. I?e yoii iaeioi?ua aiiaua ia eiatho iiiyoey i
oii, /oi aea yoi oaeia. Oa aea, eoi eiatho nai? iiaiea ia yoio n/?o,
iau/ii n/eoatho, /oi iaiei/eie yaeyaony Aeeniao/a? I?ia?aii(PROGRAMM
MANAGER). Aeaeueiaeoea ?anni?inu i oii, eaeia ioiioaiea eiatho e
iaiei/ea Aeeniao/a? Oaeeia(FILE MANAGER), Aeeniao/a? ia/aoe(PRINT
MANAGER), Aeeniao/a? Caaea/(TASK LIST) e Iaiaeue Oi?aaeaiey (CONTROL
PANEL), noaayo a ooiee aeaaea iaeaieaa iiuoiuo iieueciaaoaeae Windows .

I?iaeaia caeanue ia a oii, /oi iieueciaaoaee ia iiieiatho, eae ono?iaia
nenoaia – i?inoi Windows naia ii naaa i?aaieciaaia aanueia caiooaiii.
Ii/aio, iai?eia?, iu iano?aeaaai i?eioa? i?e iiiiue Iaiaee Oi?aaeaiey,
eciaiyai oi?aaeythuea ia/aoueth ia?aiao?u i?e iiiiue eiiaiaeu Iano?ieea
I?eioa?a(PRINTER SETAP) iaith Oaee(FAIL) i?eeiaeaiey, a caoai oi?aaeyai
aooa?ecaoeeae ia/aoe i?e iiiiue Aeeniao/a?a Ia/aoe? Aeey aieueoeinoaa
iiuoiuo iieueciaaoaeae Windows 3.1 yoe aeaenoaey aeaaii noaee
i?eau/iuie, iaeiaei iauynieoue ono?ienoai nenoaiu iiae/eo ca/anooth auei
iai?inoi. E n/anoueth, Microsoft aeaaii iniciaea, a /?i i?iaeaia, e a
Windows 95 iu iiaeai aeaeaoue ?acoeueoaou na?ue?ciie ?aaiou ii
oieoeeaoeee e niaa?oainoaiaaieth iaai?a nenoaiiuo ooieoeee, eioi?ua
oi?ie?otho iaiei/eo. Naii niaie ?acoiaaony, /oi auee aeiaaaeaiu e iiaua
aiciiaeiinoe:

OLE 2 yaeyaony ia?aui oaaii a eieoeeaoeaa Microsoft ii ia?aoiaeo e
aeieoiaioii-i?eaioe?iaaiiie a?oeoaeoo?a i?eeiaeaiee. Iaiei/ea Windows 95
iiaeaea?aeeaaao ooieoeee OLE 2 e iieiue iaai? aiciiaeiinoae DRAG & DROP.

A naoaaie n?aaea iaaiciiaeii iaieoenue aac yeaeo?iiiie ii/ou, iiyoiio
iaiei/ea iaiin?aaenoaaiii iiaeaea?aeeaaao eioa?oaen yeaeo?iiiie ii/ou.

Aeeeiiua eiaia oaeeia – oaia?ue au iaeiiaoe-oi niiaeaoa i?enaieoue oaeeo
eiy “?aoeaio aeoi?aiai ie?iaa iiae aaaooee” aianoi oiai, /oiau
i?eaeoiuaaoue aeey iaai iacaaiea oeia ?AAEIE?A.AAO e nionoy ianyoe
aaaeaoue, /oi aea a i?i iaoiaeeony.

N?aaenoaa i?iniio?a oaeeia iieuecothony aieueoie iiioey?iinoueth, iioiio
/oi aeatho iieueciaaoaeyi aiciiaeiinoue caaeyiooue a oaee ii?aaeae?iiiai
oi?iaoa aac iaiaoiaeeiinoe caioneaoue i?eeiaeaiea, eioi?ui yoio oaee aue
nicaeai. A ninoaa Windows 95 aoiaeeo aieueoie iiiieiyaiue iaai? n?aaenoa
aeey i?iniio?a oaeeia.

I?eeiaeaiey MS-DOS , nei?aa anaai, aoaeoo aeeoue aa/ii. Ianiio?y ia oi,
/oi Windows 95 n a? oeo/oaiiie ieiiiie n?aaeie i?eaeeaeaao eo eiiaoe,
iiaeaea?aeea i?eeiaeaiee MS-DOS auea caiaoii oniaa?oainoaiaaia. A /enei
iiauo aiciiaeiinoae aoiaeyo aeaenoaey ii eciaiaieth ieii MS-DOS,
iia?aoeee eiie?iaaiey e anoaaee, a oaeaea eniieueciaaiey a i?eeiaeaieyo
MS-DOS o?eooia True Type.

Oeaeinoiay iia?aoeeiiiay nenoaia

caueuaiiiai ?aaeeia

Eniieueciaaiea caueuaiiiai ?aaeeia nieiaao ia?aie/aiea ia iau?i
eniieuecoaiie iaiyoe (en/acaao 640-eeeiaaeoiue aa?uea?), e iaania/eaaao
i?i/ioth iniiao aeey iiauoaiey iaae?aeiinoe nenoaiu. Windows 3.1 – yoi
ii aieueoae /anoe nenoaia caueuaiiiai ?aaeeia , a oi a?aiy eae MS-DOS
inoa?ony nenoaiie ?aaeueiiai ?aaeeia. Aneaaenoaea yoiai eiiiuethoa?, ia
eioi?ii ?aaioaao Windows 3.1 , iinoiyiii ia?aeeth/aaony ec caueu?iiiai
?aaeeia a ?aaeueiue e ia?aoii, a oaeiai ?iaea ia?aeeth/aiey ioithaeue ia
iiauoatho i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoue nenoaiu.

?aoaiea ?aaeeciaaoue Windows 95 a aeaea iieiie nenoaiu, ia caaenyuae
aieaa io MS-DOS, iicaieeei ?annoaoueny ni anaie a? eiiiiiaioaie, eioi?ua
?aaioaee a ?aaeueiii ?aaeeia. A /anoiinoe, oaia?ue noaei aiciiaeiui
ia?aienaoue a aeaea i?ia?aii caueuaiiiai ?aaeeia nenoaio ?aaiou n
oaeeaie e ae?aeaa? iuoe. Aua iaeei aniaeo nicaeaiey oeaeueiie nenoaiu
ninoiye a eeeaeaeaoeee ?yaea i?iaaeia, eioi?ua eiaee ianoi a iaeanoe
neoaeaaiuo aiciiaeiinoae Windows . Oae, iai?eia?, a Windows 3.1 ia auei
i?ia?aiiu, yeaeaaeaioiie ooeeeoa CHKDSK , aoiaeyuae a ninoaa MS-DOS, a
anee au au iiaeaeaee caionoeoue CHKDSK , aai aeey yoiai i?eoeinue au
aueoe ec Windows . Ecaaaeaiea io oaeiai ?iaea iaoaeianoa oaeaea noaei
iaeiei ec yoaiia ?aaiou ii nicaeaieth oeaeinoiie iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu.

Oeo/oaiea iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu oaeaea i?aaeiieaaaei oaeaeaiea eeoieo,
a oaeaea iaei??aeoii ?aaioathueo ooieoeee. A Windows 3.1 auea i?eiaiaia
oaea/iay iiaeaeue ?aaiou n i?eioa?ii, eioi?ay ?aaeeciauaaeanue
iin?aaenoaii iaeiiai aieueoiai iiaeoey, aeiiieiyaoaainy iaeaiueeeie,
i?inouie aiia?aoii-niaoeeoe/iuie ae?aeaa?aie ono?ienoa. Oaeay iiaeaeue
iaeaaeaea oeaeui ?yaeii aeinoieinoa, a /enei eioi?uo aoiaeeee ionoonoaea
iaiaoiaeeiinoe aeoaee?iaaiey eiaea a ?acee/iuo ae?aeaa?ao i?eioa?ia, a
oaeaea aiciiaeiinoue auno?iai nicaeaiey iiauo ae?aeaa?ia i?e iaiueoai
/enea ioeaie. Oai aea ioo?i iioee e ?ac?aaio/eee Windows 95 – oi/ii
oaeay aea iiaeaeue auea i?eiaiaia aeey iiaeaea?aeee ae?aeaa?ia ae?noeiai
aeenea, SCSI ono?ienoa, aeenieay e eiiioieeaoeeiiiuo n?aaenoa.

Iiaeaea?aeea 32-?ac?yaeiuo i?eeiaeaiee

Ia?yaeo n oaaee/aieai neiaeiinoe nia?aiaiiuo iia?aoeeiiiuo nenoai e
eiiiuethoa?iuo naoae iaiaoeeanue oaiaeaioeey e oneiaeiaieth e
?anoe?aieth aiciiaeiinoae i?eeeaaeiuo i?ia?aii. Oae, iai?eia?, oaenoiaua
i?ioeanni?u – yoi oaea ia i?inoi i?ia?aiiu, iicaieythuea auaiaeeoue
neiaa ia aoiaao. Io oaeeo i?ia?aii iieueciaaoaee iaeeaeatho iaee/ey
i?iaa?ee i?aaiienaiey e a?aiiaoeee, oacao?ona (neiaa?y neiiieiia),
n?aaenoa iaeaoe?iaaiey no?aieoe e iiiaiai ae?oaiai.

I?inoie iaci? nia?aiaiiuo i?eeeaaeiuo i?ia?aii aeaeaao i/aaeaeiie
iaiaoiaeeiinoue iaee/ey aieueoeo iau?iia iia?aoeaiie iaiyoe, aeeneiaiai
i?ino?ainoaa e nei?inoiuo i?ioeanni?ia. Ianiio?y ia oi, /oi ia?aay
enoeiii 32-?ac?yaeiay iee?inoaia Intel iiyaeeanue a 1988 aiaeo ,MS-DOS e
Windows ieeiaaea iieiinoueth ia iiaeaea?aeeaaee 32-?ac?yaeiua
i?eeeaaeiua i?ia?aiiu. Eniieueciaaaoeany i?e yoii aeinoaoi/ii
ianiaa?oaiiua ?aoaiey a?iaea ano?iaiiiai a Windows noaiaea?oa DPMI auee
aeey ?ac?aaio/eeia, aeaaii oaea ioaeaeaaoeony a 32-?ac?yaeiie
aae?anaoeee, ia aieaa /ai a?aiaiiuie oeiaeaie.

Windows NT noaea ia?aie iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiie Microsoft naiaenoaa
Windows , eioi?ay iaania/eea iieioth iiaeaea?aeeo 32-?ac?yaeiie
aae?anaoeee. Windows 95 , oae aea eae e Windows NT iiaeaea?aeeaaao Win32
– 32-?ac?yaeiue eioa?oaen i?eeeaaeiiai i?ia?aiie?iaaiey , ?ac?aaioaiiue
Microsoft. N oi/ee c?aiey ?ac?aaio/eea iieiaeaiee, iiaeaea?aeea
32-?ac?yaeiie aae?anaoeee iaania/eaaao o?e iniiaiua aiciiaeiinoe:

Aeinooi e i?aeoe/anee iaia?aie/aiiui iau?iai iaiyoe. Oae, iaeii
Win32-?ac?yaeiia iiaeao auaeaeeoue naaa aei aeaoo aeaaaaeo iaiyoe.

Aieaa oaeiaiay a niunea i?ia?aiie?iaaiey iiaeaeue iaiyoe. Iaienaiea
i?ia?aii aeey oae iacuaaaiiai “ieineiai” eee eeiaeiiai 32-?ac?yaeiiai
aae?aniiai i?ino?ainoaa ai?acaei i?iua e oaeiaiaa, /ai a neo/aa, eiaaea
i?eoiaeeony aiceoueny n naaiaioiie aae?anaoeeae iaiyoe naiaenoaa
i?ioeanni?ia Intel. I?ia?aiieno iiaeao iienuaaoue no?oeoo?u aeaiiuo, ia
o/eouaay i?e yoii oa ia?aie/aiey, /oi iaeaaaao 16-?ac?yaeiay iiaeaeue
iaiyoe.

Iineaaeiaaoaeueiue, oeaeueiue eioa?oaen i?eeeaaeiiai i?ia?aiie?iaaiey.
Windows API ninoieo ec nioai ooieoeee , eioi?ui iaiaoiaeeiu ouny/e
ia?aiao?ia. A Windows 3.1 iaeie ec yoeo ia?aiao?ia 16-oe ?ac?yaeiua, a
oi a?aiy eae ae?oaea – 32-?ac?yaeiua. Iaei eoi ec i?ia?aiienoia anaaaea
iiiieo, “eoi anoue eoi”, e ieeiaaea ia aeiioneaao ioeaie, nicaeaaay
eiae, eioi?ue eniieuecoao yoio API. A Win32 i?eiaiythony oieueei
32-?ac?yaeiua ia?aiao?u, /oi caiaoii oeo/oaao /enei ioeaie i?e
i?ia?aiie?iaaiee.

Nea/ie e 32-?ac?yaeiinoe

Iieo/ea a nai? ?anii?yaeaiea iiaoth iiaeaeue iino?iaiey i?eeiaeaiee e
niioonoaothuea ae i?aaeea (iiaue 32-?ac?yaeiue API),eiiaiaea
?ac?aaio/eeia niiaea iaania/eoue Windows 95 i?eioeeieaeueii iiauie
aiciiaeiinoyie. Oaia?ue, ciay /oi iia eiaao aeaei oieueei n i?ia?aiiaie,
eioi?ua niioaaonoaotho o?aaiaaieyi Win 32, nenoaia niiaeao oi?aaeyoue
i?eeiaeaieyie ai?acaei aieaa yooaeoeaii, /ai yoi auei n a neo/aa n 16-oe
?ac?yaeiuie i?ia?aiiaie. Iiae Windows 95 iieueca io oiai, /oi
i?eeiaeaiey no?iyony ia iniiaa Win 32 , ninoieo ia oieueei a oii, /oi
i?eeiaeaieth aeinooiia 32-?ac?yaeiay aae?anaoeey iaiyoe. Oaeay
a?oeoaeoo?a i?ia?aii iaania/eaaao neaaeothuea aiciiaeiinoe:

Preemption (auoaniaiea). I?eeiaeaiey Win32 i?aaenoaaeytho niaie
iieiinoueth auoaniyaiua i?ia?aiiu. Yoi icia/aao, /oi iia?aoeeiiiay
nenoaia a ethaie iiiaio iiaeao i?a?aaoue eo auiieiaiea e ia?aeeth/eoueny
ia ae?oaoth, iaeaaeathuoth aieaa aunieei i?ei?eoaoii caaea/o. A iauai
neo/aa yoi iaania/eaaao aieaa ieaaioth ?aaeoeeth (oi, /oi iaeii ec
i?eeiaeaiee iieacuaaao iani/iua /anu, aiana ia cia/eo, /oi au ia iiaeaoa
a yoio iiiaio ia?aeeth/eoueny ia ae?oaia i?eeiaeaiea e caiyoueny
/ai-ieaoaeue iieaciui), a oaeaea iiauoaiea iauae i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe
nenoaiu e iicaieyao, iai?eia?, ecaaaeaoue iioa?e aeaiiuo, eioi?ay iiaeao
i?iecieoe a neo/aa, anee eaeiio-ieaoaeue i?eeiaeaieth neeoeii aeieai ia
oaea?ony iieo/eoue i?ioeanni? a naia ?anii?yaeaiea.

Ioaeaeueiia aae?aniia i?ino?ainoai. I?eeiaeaiey Win32 auiieiyaony a
naiae nianoaaiiie, caueu?iiie iaeanoe iaiyoe, e ieeaeay ae?oaay
i?ia?aiia ia iiaeao ia?ooeoue oeaeinoiinoue aa eiaea eee aeaiiuo.

Iiaeaea?aeea iioieia (Thread support). *anoi i?ia?aiiai o?aaoaony
iaeiia?aiaiii aeaeaoue aeaa aeaea, io, iai?eia?, auiieiyoue ?aca?aiia
eiie?iaaiea oaeouaai aeieoiaioa ia aeene e iaania/eaaoue iieueciaaoaeth
aiciiaeiinoue ?aaeaeoe?iaaoue oaeno, eioi?ue ii aeaeeo ia ye?aia. I?e
?aaioa iiae Windows 3.1 oaeiai ?iaea iiiaicaaea/iinoue a i?aaeaeao
iaeiiai i?eeiaeaiey i?aaenoaaeyao niaie aanueia iai?inooth aeey
?aaeecaoeee aiciiaeiinoue, i?ia?aiie?oy eioi?oth, eaaei ioeaeoueny.
Niiniaiinoue ano?iaiiiai a niioaaonoaee n Win32 i?eeiaeaiey
iaeiia?aiaiii auiieiyoue ?aciua iioiee i?aaenoaaeyao niaie
no?oeoo?e?iaaiiue iiaeoiae e aiieiuaieth iiiaicaaea/iinoe.

Naoe e iiaeeueiua eiiiuethoa?u

Inaiueth 1992 aiaea Microsoft aia?aua i?aaenoaaeea nai? ?aoaiea Windows
aeey iaeii?aiaiauo eieaeueiuo naoae. Windows 95 a iieiie ia?a i?enoua
naienoaaiiay Windows for Workgroups ooieoeeiiaeueiinoue a eieaeueiie
au/eneeoaeueiie naoe, a neaaeiaaoaeueii, iia niioaaonoaoao iiaeaee ,
?aaeeciaaiiie a Windows NT. Microsoft oaea aeaaii i?iiaaaiaee?iaaea
eaeath i oii, /oi naoaaua aiciiaeiinoe aeieaeiu auoue iaiouaieeiie
/anoueth ooieoeeiiaeueiinoe iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu. Ia aoaeai, iaeiaei,
caauaaoue, /oi Windows 95 i?eoae a ie?, aaea aieueooth /anoue ?aaiou ii
iiaeaea?aeea naoae auiieiytho na?aa?u oe?iu Novell. Iiyoiio Windows 95
iaania/eaaao ai?acaei aieueoa aiciiaeiinoae aeey ii iiaeaea?aeea
eieaeueiuo naoae, /ai a? i?aaeuaeouay aa?ney. Eiaiii iiyoiio a ninoaa
Windows 95 aeeth/aii i?ia?aiiiia iaania/aiea, eioi?ia caaioeony i oii,
/oiau eiiiuethoa? i?aaenoaaeye ec naay iieiinoueth iai?oaeiaaiioth
iaoeio-eeeaio Novell.

E?iia oaeie iiaeaea?aeee eieaeueiuo au/eneeoaeueiuo naoae Windows 95
eiaao iiiai ae?oaeo aiciiaeiinoae, ioiinyueony e iaeanoe
oaeaeiiioieeaoeee – io i?inoaeoeo iia?aoeee, a?iaea iaai?a iiia?a
oaeaoiia, aei iiaeaea?aeee naiuo nia?aiaiiuo naa?oii?oaoeaiuo
eiiiuethoa?ia. I?e yoii Windows 95 no?aieony iaeeo/oei ia?acii
auiieiyoue oa ooieoeee iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaiu iaoeiu-eeeaioa e
iaania/eaaao:

Iiaeaea?aeeo aeaenoaee iaoeiu-eeeaioa aeey anao iiioey?iuo naoae oe?i
Novell, Banyan, Microsoft e ae?oaeo.

Iiaeaea?aeeo ?acee/iuo oeiia iaoei-eeeaioia, /oi iicaieyao iaeiia?aiaiii
iiaeeeth/aoue iaeei e oio aea eiiiuethoa? e ?acee/iui naoyi, iai?eia?, e
eieaeueiie naoe Novell e aeiaaeueiie naoe, iino?iaiiie n eniieueciaaieai
i?ioieiea TCP/IP.

Aiciiaeiinoue ?aaiou eiiiuethoa?a a ea/anoaa na?aa?a a iaeii?aiaiaie
naoe, /oi niioaaonoaoao oai aiciiaeiinoyi, /oi i?aaenoaaeyao Windows for
Workgroups. Aeaaiaea?y yoiio ?aai/ea a?oiiu eee iaaieueoea oe?iu aoaeoo
ecaaaeaiu io iaiaoiaeeiinoe auaeaeyoue niaoeeaeueiue eiiiuethoa? aeey
auiieiaiey ooieoeee na?aa?a.

Iiaeaea?aeeo yeaeo?iiiie ii/ou, iniiaaiioth ia eioa?oaena MAPI (Message
Application Programming Interface – eioa?oaen i?eeeaaeiiai
i?ia?aiie?iaaiey niiauaiee), iicaieythuoth ?aaioaoue eae n
oaeneieeueiuie ono?ienoaaie, oae e n iiioey?iuie naoyie yeaeo?iiiie
ii/ou.

Aiciiaeiinoe oaeae?iiiai acaeiiaeaenoaey e oi?aaeaiey, eioi?ua
iaania/eaatho yooaeoeaiue aeinooi e eieaeueiie naoe e oi?aaeaiea ath
iin?aaenoaii ieceinei?inoiuo niaaeeiaiee. I?e yoii Windows ?aniicia?o
yaeaiea “aeoaeaeathuaai eiiiuethoa?a” i?e iiaeaea?aeea neio?iiecaoeee
aa?nee oaeeia e yooaeoeaiie ia?aaea/e aeaiiuo ii ieceinei?inoiui
eaiaeai. Aeaaiaea?y yoiio au iieo/aaoa aiciiaeiinoue iicaiieoue a naie
ioen, neaaeai, io ae?ocae e caa?oceoue n iaai iaeee aeieoiaio. Eiaaea
au aiineaaenoaee, eciaiea aeieoiaio, i?eianaoa niioaaonoaothuee oaee e
naaa a ioen, Windows 95 iiiiaeao aai neio?iiece?iaaoue oa eciaiaiey, /oi
au aianee o ae?oaa n iniiaiui, enoiaeiui aeieoiaioii.

Iaaeinoaoee Windows

Eae ecaanoii, ethaay iaaeaeue eiaao aeaa noi?iiu, iiyoiio o Windows
anoue ia oieueei i?aeiouanoaa, ii e iaaeinoaoee, eioi?ua iu e iieoai a
yoii ?acaeaea.

Aeaaiue iaaeinoaoie Windows aeey iieueciaaoaeae ninoieo a oii, /oi
iienaiiua i?aeiouanoaa Windows aeinoeaathony ca n/ao cia/eoaeueiiai
oaaee/aiey iaa?ocee ia aiia?aoiua n?aaenoaa eiiiuethoa?a. A?aoe/aneee
eioa?oaen, iiaeaea?aeea ianooaae?oaiuo o?eooia, iiaeaea?aeea
iiiaicaaea/iinoe e o. ae. o?aaotho aieueoie iiuiinoe i?ioeanni?a,
cia/eoaeueiie iia?aoeaiie iaiyoe e aeeneiaiai i?ino?ainoaa. Oioy aeey
?aaiou n Windows aeinoaoi/ii eeoue i?ioeanni?a 80386 n 2-4 iaaaaaeoaie
iia?aoeaiie iaiyoe e naiaiaeiuo 45 iaaaaaeo ia aei/anoa?a, oaeay
eiioeao?aoeey ia iicaieyao eniieueciaaoue Windows ie aeey eaeeo
i?aeoe/aneeo caaea/, ?acaa eeoue aeey ?aneeaaeuaaiey ianueyinia.
Eiioi?oiay aea ?aaioa iaania/eaaaony eeoue i?e iaee/ee 8-16 iaaaaaeo e
ia iaiaa 150-300 iaaaaaeo ia aeenea aeey Windows e Windows-i?eeiaeaiee.
I?e yoii /anoi i?ia?aiiu n i?eaeeceoaeueii iaeeiaeiauie aiciiaeiinoyie
aeey DOS e aeey Windows ioee/athony ii o?aaiaaieyi e eiiiuethoa?iui
?ano?nai a ianeieueei ?ac. Oae, Microsoft Word aeey DOS iiaeao ?aaioaoue
ia eiiiuethoa?a aac ae?noeiai aeenea e o?aaoao anaai 512 eeeiaaeo ICO. A
?aaeaeoi? Microsoft Word for Windows (i?aaaea, caeanue neaaeoao
caiaoeoue, /oi ii iaeaaeaao ianeieueei aieueoeie aiciiaeiinoyie) o?aaoao
4 iaaaaaeoa iia?aoeaiie iaiyoe (a eo/oa 8 iaaaaaeo), e ieiei 20 iaaaaaeo
ia aeenea, ?aaioay i?e yoii a ianeieueei ?ac iaaeeaiiaa. *oiau
eiiiaine?iaaoue yoi caiaaeeaiea e iaania/eoue i?eaieeioth nei?inoue
?aaiou, iieueciaaoaee auioaeaeaiu iieoiaoue aeinoaoi/ii iiuiua
eiiiuethoa?u. Ia caiaaea iiaea ia Windows i/aiue auno?i i?eaaea e ioeaco
ia oieueei io eiiiuethoa?ia ia iniiaa Intel-286, ii e ia iniiaa
Intel-386.

Ae?oaie iaaeinoaoie Windows (ai?i/ai, naycaiiue n ia?aui)- yoi iaiaa
yooaeoeaiay ?aaioa a oao i?eeiaeaieyo, aaea e?eoe/aneei ?ano?nii
yaeyaony a?aiy. Iai?eia? i?e nicaeaiee aacu aeaiiuo n iai?yae?iiui
?aaeeiii eniieueciaaiey oeaeaniia?aciinoue a? ooieoeeiie?iaaiey a n?aaea
Windows iiaeao auoue aanueia niiieoaeueia, oae eae aaca aeaiiuo a DOS
iiaeao ?aaioaoue a 1.5-2 ?aca auno?aa. Ii aiaeiae/iui niia?aaeaieyi 98%
eiiiuethoa?iuo ea? nicaea?ony aeey ?aaiou a n?aaea DOS.

An? auoaneacaiiia ieeiei ia?acii ia oiaeyao aeinoieinoa Windows , a
eeoue oeacuaaao ia oi, /oi Windows ia yaeyaony oieaa?naeueiui ?aoaieai,
i?eaiaeiui aeey anao iieueciaaoaeae e ia ana neo/ae aeecie. Eiia/ii,
aeey aieueoeinoaa iieueciaaoaeae (anee iie niaeaniu ieaoeoue ca
aeinoaoi/ii iiuiue eiiiuethoa?) Windows e Windows-i?ia?aiiu iicaieytho
?aaioaoue ia eiiiuethoa?a naiui oaeiaiui e yooaeoeaiui niiniaii.
Eniieueciaaiea Windows iaoeaeaniia?acii a neaaeothueo neo/ayo:

Aeey i?eeiaeaiee, a eioi?uo a?aoe/aneee eioa?oaen e iiiaicaaea/iua
aiciiaeiinoe Windows ia ioaeiu: iai?eia?, ia ?aai/eo ianoao
iia?aoeeiienoia a aaieao, oi?aiauo ?aaioieeia e o.ae.

Aeey i?eeiaeaiee, a eioi?uo iaiaoiaeeii iaania/eoue iniai aunieia
auno?iaeaenoaea ia?aaioee.

Aeey caaea/, oaeiaeaoai?eoaeueiia ?aoaiea eioi?uo iaania/eaaaony
eiathueieny i?ia?aiiaie, ?aaioathueie a n?aaea DOS ,UNIX e o.ae.

Eiaao naie iaaaoeaiua noi?iiu e i?ia?aiie?iaaiea iiae Windows. Aeaei a
oii, /oi Windows a i?eioaeeoaeueiii ii?yaeea canoaaeyao i?ia?aiienoia
eniieueciaaoue n?aaenoaa i?ia?aiiiiai eioa?oaena Windows (API) – yoi
aieaa 600 ooieoeee. E?iia oiai, i?ia?aiieno aeieaeai aeey yoiai
naiaiaeii aeaaeaoue aanueia neiaeiuie eiioeaiooaeueiuie iiiyoeyie
iauaeoii-i?eaioe?iaaiiiai i?ia?aiie?iaaiey, iia?e?iaaoue n iauaeoaie,
niiauaieyie, ?acaeaeyaiuie ?ano?naie e o.ae., iiyoiio iao/aiea
i?ia?aiie?iaaieth iiae Windows aanueia iai?inoi.

AEINNA?EE

( nienie eniieuecoaiuo oa?ieiia)

API – (Application programming interface) – eioa?oaen
i?eeeaaeiiai i?ia?aiie?iaaiey:

I?aaeii?aaeae?iiue iaai? ooieoeee, eioi?ua iia?aoeeiiiay nenoaia
i?aaeinoaaeyao a ?anii?yaeaiea i?eeiaeaiee.

BIOS (Plug & Play BIOS):

Aaciaay nenoaia aaiaea-auaiaea ia?niiaeueiiai eiiiuethoa?a . BIOS
iaania/eaaao eioa?oaen naiiai ieceiai o?iaiy n oaeeie ono?ienoaaie, eae
nenoaiiua /anu, aeanoeee aeene e iiieoi?. Plug & Play BIOS aeiiieiyao
ooieoeee BIOS ?yaeii i?ioeaaeo? , iiaeaea?aeeaathueo iaeioi?ua aeaenoaey
iiaenenoaiu Plug & Play, iai?eia?, ia?a/eneaiea ono?ienoa.

COM (iiaeaeue ninoaaiiai iauaeoa):

A?oeoaeoo?a, iineoaeeaoay enoi/ieeii aeey nicaeaiey OLE . Microsoft
iaia?aaaaony naeaeaoue NII noaiaea?oii io?anee ia
iauaeoii-i?eaioe?iaaiiia i?ia?aiie?iaaiea.

DPMI (DOS-eioaoaen caueu?iiiai ?aaeeia):

Noa?ue niinia, aeaaiaea?y eniieueciaaieth eioi?iai iiaee ?aaioaoue
32-?ac?yaeiua i?ia?aiiu caueu?iiiai ?aaeeia.

EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture):

Ono?ienoai oeiu, eioi?ia iicaieyao eniieueciaaoue 32-?ac?yaeiua
aaeaioa?u e aeiioneaao iaeioi?ia aaoiiaoe/aneia ?aniiciaaaiea e
eiioeao?e?iaaiea ono?ienoa. Ni. oaeaea ISA

ISA (Industry Standard Architecture):

Nie?auaiea, eioi?ia iaicia/aao ia?niiaeueiua eiiiuethoa?u, niaianoeiua n
eiiiuethoa?ii IBM PC AT. Ni. oaeaea EISA.

OLE (naycuaaiea e aiaae?aiea iauaeoia):

?aaeeciaaiiay a nenoaiao Windows a?oeoaeoo?a Component Object Model
(COM)

PCI bus:

?ac?aaioaiiay Intel oeia, eioi?ay i?aaeiacia/aia aeey iiaeaea?aeee
aunieinei?inoiiai 32-?ac?yaeiiai iaiaia aeaiiuie iaaeaeo ono?ienoaaie,
iaiyoueth e i?ioeanni?ii. Iiaenenoaia PLUG & PLAY iieiinoueth
iiaeaea?aeeaaao PCI.

Caueuaiiue ?aaeei (protected mode):

?aaeei ?aaiou i?ioeanni?a Intel 386, i?e eioi?ii ii auiieiyao iiiaeanoai
i?iaa?ie ei??aeoiinoe ia?auaiee e iaiyoe, auciaia ooieoeee, aeinooia e
ii?oai aaiaea-auaiaea e o.ae. Oaeay caueu?iiinoue iicaieyao
iia?aoeeiiiie nenoaia ia?aaaouaaoue ioeai/iua iia?aoeee. Aeey oiai /oiau
eiaoue aiciiaeiinoue eniieueciaaoue an? aae?aniia i?ino?ainoai e
i?aeiouanoaa ae?ooaeueiie iaiyoe 386 i?ioeanni?a, i?eeiaeaiea aeieaeii
?aaioaoue a caueu?iiii ?aaeeia.

Iauaeo (object):

Oi?iaeueii yoi niaieoiiinoue aeaiiuo e iaoiaeia ?aaiou n ieie, iaeioi?ua
ec eioi?uo iiaoo eniieueciaaoueny ae?oaei i?eeiaeaieai.
Iauaeoeaii-i?eaioe?iaaiiua oaoiieiaee iicaieytho nicaeaoaeth iauaeoa
ii?aaeaeeoue eioa?oaenu e aiciiaeiinoyi iauaeoa, ne?ua i?e yoii
iniaaiiinoe aai ?aaeecaoeee. Yoi aeaeaao aiciiaeiui eniieueciaaiea
iauaeoa iiiaeie iaiin?aaenoaaiii ia ioiinyueieny e iaio i?eeiaeaieyie.
Ianiio?y ia oi, /oi yoio oa?iei oe?iei eniieuecoaony a Windows 95 , a
aieueoeinoaa neo/aaa ii i?eiaiyaony a cia/aiee «aeaiiua» eee «ia/oi».
Neiai «iauaeo» – yoi, iiaeaeoe, naiue caiaoiue eaiaeeaeao ia caaiea
iaeaieaa ia?aa?oaeaiiiai oa?ieia a iaeanoe i?ia?aiiiiai iaania/aiey.

?aaeueiue ?aaeei (real mode):

?aaeei ?aaiou i?ioeanni?a Intel 386, niaianoeiue n i?ioeanni?ii Intel
8086. A ?aaeueiii ?aaeeia iaaiciiaeiu aeinooi e ia?iiiiio ae?ooaeueiiio
aae?aniiio i?ino?ainoao 386 i?ioeanni?a eee oaeea aiciiaeiinoe, eae,
iai?eia?, caiauaiea no?aieoe ii o?aaiaaieth.

?ano?n (resource):

Naoaaie iauaeo, oaeie, eae i?eioa? eee iaai? naycaiiuo a eaoaeia oaeeia,
aeinooiiue aeey niaianoiiai eniieueciaaiey.

Na?aa? (server):

Naoaaie eiiiuethoa?, ia eioi?ii iaoiaeyony aeinooiiua eeeaioai ?ano?nu.
?ano?naie na?aa?a iiaoo auoue oaeeu, i?eioa?u eee i?eeiaeaiey na?aa?u
(oaeea, eae iiiaiiieueciaaoaeueneea aacu aeaiiuo).

Naoe oeia «eeeaio-na?aa?» (client-server networking):

Naoaaay a?oeoaeoo?a, a eioi?ie i?aaeiacia/aiiua aeey niaianoiiai
eniieueciaaiey ?ano?nu (resources) nin?aaeioi/aiu ia iiuiuo
eiiiuethoa?ao na?aa?ao (server machines), a iiaeeeth/?iiua e iei
ianoieueiua iaoeiu ea?atho ?ieue eeeaioia (clients), iinueay ii naoe
cai?inu ia oo eee eioth eioi?iaoeeth.

Oeia (bus):

Ono?ienoai, niiniaiia oi?aaeyoue ii e?aeiae ia?a, au? iaeiei
ono?ienoaii. E oeia iiaeeeth/athony ieaou aaeaioa?ia. N oi/ee c?aiey
iiaenenoaiu PLUG & PLAY , oeiie yaeyaony anyeia ono?ienoai, niiniaiia
iaania/eaaoue ?ano?nu.

PAGE

PAGE 2

.

.

.

.

.

..

.

.

.

……….

Нашли опечатку? Выделите и нажмите CTRL+Enter

Похожие документы
Обсуждение

Ответить

Курсовые, Дипломы, Рефераты на заказ в кратчайшие сроки
Заказать реферат!
UkrReferat.com. Всі права захищені. 2000-2020