Caaeaiea: Nicaeaoue yeni?aoioth nenoaio ii ii?iaeai aea?aaa
Oai?ey:
No?oeoo?a yenia?oiuo nenoai
*oiau i?iaiaeeoue ynia?oeco, eiiiuethoa?iay i?ia?aiia aeieaeia auoue
niiniaia ?aoaoue caaea/e iin?aaenoaii eiae/aneiai auaiaea e iieo/aoue
i?e yoii aeinoaoi/ii iaaeaaeiua ?acoeueoaou. I?ia?aiia aeieaeia eiaoue
aeinooi e nenoaia oaeoia, iacuaaaiie aacie ciaiee.
I?ia?aiia oaeaea aeieaeia ai a?aiy eiinoeueoaoeee auaiaeeoue
caeeth/aiey ec eioi?iaoeee, eiathuaeny a aaca ciaiee. Iaeioi?ua
yenia?oiua nenoaiu iiaoo oaeaea eniieueciaaoue iiaoth eioi?iaoeeth,
aeiaaaeyaioth ai a?aiy eiinoeueoaoeee. Yenia?oioth nenoaio, oaeei
ia?acii, iiaeii i?aaenoaaeyoue ninoiyuae ec o?ao /anoae:
1. Aaca ciaiee (AC).
2. Iaoaieci auaiaea (IA).
3. Nenoaia iieueciaaoaeueneiai eioa?oaena (NIE).
Aaca ciaiee – oeaio?aeueiay /anoue yenia?oiie nenoaiu. Iia niaea?aeeo
i?aaeea, iienuaathuea ioiioaiey eee yaeaiey, iaoiaeu e ciaiey aeey
?aoaiey caaea/ ec iaeanoe i?eiaiaiey nenoaiu. Iiaeii i?aaenoaaeyoue aaco
ciaiee ninoiyuae ec oaeoe/aneeo ciaiee e cia iee, eioi?ua eniieuecothony
aeey auaiaea ae?oaeo ciaiee. Ooaa?aeaeaiea “Aeaeii O. Eaiiaaee aue 35-i
i?aceaeaioii Niaaeeiaiiuo Ooaoia” – i?eia? oaeoe/aneiai ciaiey. “Anee o
aan aieeo aieiaa,oi i?eieoa aeaa oaaeaoee oeeo?aiiia” – i?eia? ciaiey
aeey auaiaea. Naia aaca ciaiee iau/ii ?aniieaaaaony ia aeenea eee
ae?oaii iineoaea.
Iaoaieci auaiaea niaea?aeeo i?eioeeiu e i?aaeea ?aaiou. Iaoaieci
auaiaea “ciaao”, eae eniieueciaaoue aaco ciaiee oae, /oiau iiaeii auei
iieo/aoue ?acoiii niaeanothueany caeeth/aiey (auaiaeu) ec eioi?iaoeee,
iaoiaeyuaeny a iae.
Eiaaea yenia?oiie nenoaia caaeaaony aii?in, iaoaieci auaiaea auae?aao
niinia i?eiaiaiey i?aaee aacu ciaiee aeey ?aoaiey caaea/e, iinoaaeaiiie
a aii?ina. Oaeoe/anee, iaoaieci auaiaea caioneaao yenia?oioth nenoaio a
?aaioo, ii?aaeaeyy eaeea i?aaeea ioaeii aucaaoue e i?aaiecoy e iei
aeinooi a aaco ciaiee. Iaoaieci auaiaea auiieiyao i?aaeea, ii?aaeaeyao
eiaaea iaeaeaii i?eaieaiia ?aoaiea
e ia?aaeaao ?acoeueoaou i?ia?aiia eioa?oaena n iieueciaaoaeai.
Eiaaea aii?in aeieaeai auoue i?aaeaa?eoaeueii ia?aaioai, oi aeinooi e
aaca ciaiee inouanoaeyaony /a?ac eioa?oaen n iieueciaaoaeai. Eioa?oaen –
yoi /anoue yenia?oiie nenoaiu, eioi?ay acaeiiaeaenoaoao n
iieueciaaoaeai.
Nenoaia eioa?oaena n iieueciaaoaeai i?eieiaao eioi?iaoeeth io
iieueciaaoaey e ia?aaeaao aio eioi?iaoeeth. I?inoi aiai?y, nenoaia
eioa?oaena aeieaeia oaaaeeoueny, /oi, iinea oiai eae iieueciaaoaeue
iienae caaea/o, any iaiaoiaeeiay eioi?iaoeey iieo/aia. Eioa?oaen,
iniiauaaynue ia aeaea e i?e?iaea eioi?iaoeee, aaaaeaiiie iieueciaaoaeai,
ia?aaeaao iaiaoiaeeioth eioi?iaoeeth iaoaiecio auaiaea. Eiaaea
iaoaieci auaiaea aica?auaao ciaiey, auaaaeaiiua ec aacu ciaiee,
eioa?oaen ia?aaeaao eo ia?aoii iieueciaaoaeth a oaeiaiie oi?ia. Ei
oa?oaen n iieueciaaoaeai e iaoaieci auaiaea iiaoo ?anniao?eaaoueny eae
“i?eeiaeaiea” e aaca ciaiee. Iie aianoa ninoaaeytho iaiei/eo yenia?oiie
nenoaiu. Aeey aacu ciaiee, eioi?ay niaea?aeeo iaoe?ioth e ?aciiia?acioth
eioi?iaoeeth, iiaoo auoue ?ac?aaioaiu e ?aaeeciaaiu ianeieueei ?aciuo
iaiei/ae.
Oi?ioi ?ac?aaioaiiua iaiei/ee yenia?oiuo nenoai iau/ii niaea?aeao
iaoaieci aeey aeiaaaeaiey e iaiiaeaiey eioi?iaoeee a aaca ciaiee.
Eae aeaeai , yenia?oiay nenoaia ninoieo ec o?ao iniiaiuo /anoae.
Acaeiinaycue iaaeaeo /anoyie iiaeao auoue neiaeiie, caaenyuae io
i?e?iaeu e i?aaiecaoeee ciaiee, a oaeaea io iaoiaeia e oeaeae auaiaea.
Neaaeothuea ?acaeaeu iienuaatho yoe aniaeou yenia?oiuo nen oai. Nia/aea
iienuaaaony i?aaenoaaeaiea ciaiee aianoa n iaeioi?uie i?inouie
i?eia?aie. Yoi iienaiea i?eiaieii eae e nenoaiai, iniiaaiiui ia
i?aaeeao,oae e e nenoaiai, aace?othueiny ia eiaeea. Caoai
?anniao?eaathony iaoiaeu auaiaea. Aeaeaa neaaeoao iienaiea nenoai
eioa?oaena n iieueciaaoaeai aianoa n i?eia?aie ia?aaioee aaiaea e
auaiaea. Caoai i?aaeiieaaaaony, /oi /eoaoaeue aioia e ?anniio?aieth
aeaoo eiie?aoiuo iaoiaeee i?iaeoe?iaaiey yenia?oiuo nenoai: nenoai,
aace?othueony ia i?aaeeao, e nenoai, aace?othueony ia eiaeea.
I?aaenoaaeaiea ciaiee
I?aaenoaaeaiea ciaiee – yoi iiiaeanoai niaeaoaiee ii neioaeneno e
naiaioeea, niaeanii eioi?ui iienuaathony iauaeou. Oi?ioaa i?aaeei i?e
i?iaeoe?iaaiee i?aaenoaaeaiey ciaiee – yoi i?aaiecaoeey ciaiee a oaeie
oi?ia, eioi?ay iicaieyao eaaei inouanoaeyoue aeinooi n iiiiuueth
anoanoaaiiuo e i?inouo iaoaiec iia. “*ai i?iua, oai eo/oa” – i?aaeei,
eioi?ia ioaeii iiiieoue, i?e ?aaioa n i?aaenoaaeaieai ciaiee.
Yenia?oiua nenoaiu /anoi nicaeathony “eiaeaia?ii ii ciaieyi”(eee
i?iaeoe?iaueeaie yenia?oiuo nenoai), eioi?ua ?aaioatho n
/aeiaaeii-yenia?oii, /oiau caeiaee?iaaoue ciaiey yenia?oa a aaca ciaiee.
Ia?aue niinia – yoi eeanneoeeaoeey e iiiauaiea oaeoia e /enae
(o?aaiaioia oaeoe/aneiai ciaiey) a i?aaeea Oo?ai-I?ieiaa.
Yoi i?aaenoaaeaiea iiaeoiaeeo aeey eniieueciaaiey a yenia?oiuo
nenoaiao, aace?othueony ia i?aaeeao. Ae?oaie niinia – yoi i?aaiecaoeey
oaeoia e /eneiaie eioi?iaoeee a ooaa?aeaeaieyo, eioi?ua ia?acotho aaco
ciaiee ia ooaa?aeaeaieyo.
I?aaenoaaeaiea ciaiee a ooaa?aeaeaieyo iiaeoiaeeo aeey eniieueciaaiey a
yenia?oiuo nenoaiao, aace?othueony ia eiaeea.
Nenoaia iieueciaaoaeueneiai eioa?oaena
Nenoaia iieueciaaoaeueneiai eioa?oaena iaania/eaaao acaeiiaeaenoaea
iaaeaeo yenia?oiie nenoaiie e iieueciaaoaeai. Yoi acaeiiaeaenoaea iau/ii
aeeth/aao ianeieueei ooieoeee:
1. Ia?aaioea aeaiiuo, iieo/aiiuo n eeaaeaoo?u, e aunaa/eaaiea aaiaeeiuo
e auaiaeeiuo aeaiiuo ia ye?aia.
2. Iiaeaea?aeea aeeaeiaa iaaeaeo iieueciaaoaeai e nenoaiie.
3. ?aniiciaaaiea neooaoeee iaiiieiaiey iaaeaeo iieueciaaoaeai e
nenoaiie.
4. Iaania/aiea “ae?oaeanoaaiiinoe” ii ioiioaieth e iieueciaaoaeth.
Nenoaia eioa?oaena n iieueciaaoaeai aeieaeia yooaeoeaii ia?aaaouaaoue
aaiae e auaiae. Aeey yoiai iaiaoiaeeii ia?aaaouaaoue aaiaeeiua e
auaiaeeiua aeaiiua auno?i, a yniie e au?aceoaeueiie oi?ia. Iaiaoiaeeii
oaeaea aeeth/eoue aiciiaeiinoue ?aaiou n aeiiieieoaeueiuie n?aaenoaaie
oaeeie, eae ia/aoathuea ono?ienoaa, iaaieoiua aeenee e aeiiieieoaeueiua
oaeeu aeaiiuo.
E?iia oiai, nenoaia eioa?oaena aeieaeia iiaeaea?aeeaaoue
niioaaonoaothuee aeeaeia iaaeaeo iieueciaaoaeai e nenoaiie. Aeeaeia –
yoi iauay oi?ia eiinoeueoaoeee n yenia?oiie nenoaiie.
Eiinoeueoaoeey aeieaeia caaa?oaoueny yniui ooaa?aeaeaieai, auaeaaaaiui
nenoaiie, e iauyniaieai iineaaeiaaoaeueiinoe auaiaea, i?eaaaeoae e yoiio
ooaa?aeaeaieth.
Nenoaia iieueciaaoaeueneiai eioa?oaena aeieaeia oaeaea ?aniiciaaaoue
iaiiieiaiea, iaaeaeo iieueciaaoaeai e nenoaiie, aicieeoaa eeai ec-ca
ioeaee, eeai ia i?eioeeieaeueiie iniiaa . Nenoaia aeieaeia ?aaae?iaaoue
niioaaonoaothuei ia?acii ia yoo neooaoeeth. Iai?eia?, ia aeieaeii
i?iecieoe naiy nenoaiu, anee iieueciaaoaeue aaiaeeo 1, eiaaea
iaeeaeaaony “aea” eee “iao”, eee eiaaea iieueciaaoaeue caaeaao
aanniuneaiiue aii?in.
Niiniaiinoue yenia?oiie nenoaiu iiaeaee?iaaoue /aeiaaea yenia?oa iiaeao
iaiyoueny io i?inouo iiciaaaoaeueiuo i?ioeannia aei aeeth/aiey iiauo
ciaiee eee iiauo niiniaia ?aoaiey caaea/e. Nenoaia eioa?oana aeieaeia
eioi?ie?iaaoue iieueciaaoaey i iaoiaeeea ?aaiou nenoaiu e aa ?acaeoee,
anee oaeia ?acaeoea i?aaeoniio?aii a nenoaia.
Iaeiiaoe, nenoaia iieueciaaoaeueneiai eioa?oaena aeieaeia auoue
“ae?oaeaethaiie” e iieueciaaoaeth. Iai?eia?, iineaaeiaaoaeueiinoue
iaith, iieacuaathuay caaea/e, eioi?ua iieueciaaoaeue iiaeao aua?aoue,
yaeyaony iaiaoiaeeiie /a?oie yenia?oiie nenoaiu.
Iieueciaaoaeue oaeaea aeieaeai eiaoue aiciiaeiinoue acaeiiaeaenoaiaaoue
n yenia?oiie nenoaiie anoanoaaiiui ia?acii. A eaeaaea iieueciaaoaeue
aeieaeai eiaoue aiciiaeiinoue eniieueciaaoue anoanoaaiiue ycue
Yenia?oiay nenoaia ia i?aaeeao
Ai anao yenia?oiuo nenoaiao nouanoaoao caaeneiinoue iaaeaeo aoiaeiui
iioieii aeaiiuo e aeaiiuie a aaca ciaiee. Ai a?aiy eiinoeueoaoeee
aoiaeiua aeaiiua niiinoaaeythony n aeaiiuie a aaca ciaiee. ?acoeueoaoii
niiinoaaeaiey yaeyaony io?eoeaoaeueiue eee oo aa?aeeoaeueiue ioaao. A
nenoaia, aace?othuaeny ia i?aaeeao ooaa?aeeoaeueiue ?acoeueoao yaeyaony
aeaenoaeai iaeiiai ec i?iaeoeoeeiiiuo i?aaee. Yoe i?iaeoeoeeiiiua
i?aaeea ii?aaeaeythony aoiaeiuie aeaiiuie.
Oaeei ia?acii, yenia?oiay nenoaia, aace?othuayny ia i?aaeeao (ia
Oo?ai-I?ieiaa) niaea?aeeo iiiaeanoai i?aaee, eioi?ua aucuaathony
iin?aaenoaii aoiaeiuo aeaiiuo a iiiaio niiinoaaeaiey. Yenia?oiay nenoaia
oaeaea niaea?aeeo eioa?i?aoaoi? a iaoaiecia auaiaea, eioi?ue auae?aao e
aeoeaece?oao ?acee/iua iiaeoee nenoaiu.
?aaioo yoiai eioa?i?aoaoi?a iiaeii iienaoue iineaaeiaaoaeueiinoueth
o?ao oaaia:
1. Eioa?i?aoaoi? niiinoaaeyao ia?acaoe i?aaeea n yeaiaioaie aeaiiuo a
aaca ciaiee.
2. Anee iiaeii aucaaoue aieaa iaeiiai i?aaeea,oi eioa?i?aoaoi?
eniieuecoao iaoaieci ?ac?aoaiey eiioeeeoa aeey auai?a i?aaeea.
3. Eioa?i?aoaoi? i?eiaiyao aua?aiiia i?aaeei , /oiau iaeoe ioaao ia
aii?in.
Yoio o?aooaaiaue i?ioeann eioa?i?aoaoeee yaeyaony oeeeee/aneei e
iacuaaaony oeeeeii “?aniiciaaaiea-aeaenoaea”.
A nenoaia, aace?othuaeny ia i?aaeeao, eiee/anoai i?iaeoeoeeiiiuo i?aaee
ii?aaeaeyao ?acia? aacu ciaiee. Iaeioi?ua iaeaieaa neiaeiua nenoaiu
eiatho aacu ciaiee n aieaa /ai 5000 i?iaeoeoeeiiiuo i?aaee.
1. Eniieueciaaoue ieieiaeueii aeinoaoi/iia iiiaeanoai oneiaee i?e
ii?aaeaeaiee i?iaeoeoeeiiiiai i?aaeea.
2. Ecaaaaoue i?ioeai?a/aueo i?iaeoeoeeiiiuo i?aaee.
3. Eiino?oe?iaaoue i?aaeea, iie?aynue ia no?oeoo?o i?enouoth
i?aaeiaoiie iaeanoe.
Yenia?oiua nenoaiu, aace?othueany ia eiaeea
A yenia?oiuo nenoaiao, aace?othueony ia eiaeea, aaca ciaiee ninoieo ec
ooaa?aeaeaiee a aeaea i?aaeeiaeaiee eiaeee i?aaeeeaoia.
Oaeea i?aaeeiaeaiey iiaoo a?oiie?iaaoueny, ia?acoy aaco aeaiiuo
Oo?ai-I?ieiaa. I?aaeea iiaoo eeai iienuaaoue aeaiiua eeai oi?aa eyoue
i?ioeannii aioo?aiiae oieoeeaoeee Oo?ai-I?ieiaa.
Oae aea eae e a nenoaia ia i?aaeeao yenia?oiay nenoaia, aace?othuayny
ia eiaeea, eiaao iiiaeanoai i?aaee, eioi?ua iiaoo aucuaaoueny n
iiiiuueth aeaiiuo ec aoiaeiiai iioiea. Nenoaia eiaao oaeaea
eioa?i?aoaoi?, eioi?ue iiaeao auae?aoue e aeoeaece?iaaoue iiaeoee,
aeeth/aaiua a ?aaioo nenoaiu.
Eioa?i?aoaoi? auiieiyao ?acee/iua ooieoeee aioo?e nenoaiu ia iniiaa
neaaeothuae noaiu:
1. Nenoaia eiaao i?aaeeiaeaiey a aaca ciaiee, eioi?ua oi?aaeytho
iieneii e niiinoaaeaieai. Eioa?i?aoaoi? niiinoaaeyao yoe i?aaeeiaeaiey n
yeaiaioaie aeaiiuo a aaca aeaiiuo.
2. Anee iiaeao auoue aucaaii aieaa iaeiiai i?aaeea , oi nenoaia
eniieuecoao aiciiaeiinoe Oo?ai-I?ieiaa aeey ?ac?aoaiey eiioeeeoa.
Neaaeiaaoaeueii iieueciaaoaeth/i?ia?aiienoo ia ioaeii ?anniao?eaaoue
iioaioeeaeueii aiciiaeiua eiioeeeou.
3. Nenoaia iieo/aao ?acoeueoaou oieoeeaoeeiiiiai i?ioeanna
aaoiiaoe/anee, iiyoiio iie iiaoo iai?aaeyoueny ia ioaeiia ono?ienoai
auaiaea eioi?iaoeee.
Oae aea eae e a nenoaia, aace?othuaeny ia i?aaeeao, aeaiiue
oeeeee/aneee i?ioeann yaeyaony i?ioeannii ?aniiciaaaiea-aeaenoaea.
E?anioa e aieueoea aiciiaeiinoe nenoaiu, iniiaaiiie ia eiaeea,
caeeth/athony a oii, /oi iia io?aaeaao no?oeoo?o naiiai Oo?ai-I?ieiaa.
Yoei iauyniyaony oio oaeo, /oi iia i/aiue yooaeoeaia a ?aaioa.
Iaeaieaa aaaeiui aniaeoii aeey aacu ciaiee a nenoaia, inii aaiiie ia
eiaeea, yaeyaony i?iaeoe?iaaiea aacu ciaiee, aa ooaa?aeaeaiee e eo
no?oeoo?u. Aaca ciaiee aeieaeia eiaoue iaaeaoniuneaiioth eiae/aneoth
i?aaiecaoeeth, e iia aeieaeia niaea?aeaoue ieieioi ecauoi/iie
eioi?iaoeee. Oae aea eae e a nenoaia, aace?othuaeny ia i?aaeeao,
ieieiaeueii aeinoaoi/iia eiee/anoai aeaiiuo ia?acotho iaeaieaa
yooaeoeaioth nenoaio.
No?oeoo?a aacu ciaiee yenia?oiie nenoaiu aeey auai?a ii?iaeu aea?aaa.
Aeey eaeaioeoeeaoeee ii?iaeu aioo?e eaaeaeiai iiaeiiiaeanoaa iiaeii
eniieueciaaoue nienie ao?eaooia. Eiee/anoai oa?aeoa?enoee aoaeao
ii?aaeaeyoue noaiaiue oi/iinoe eeanneoeeaoeee. ?acee/athuae ia
iaycaoaeueii yaeyaony eaeay-ieaoaeue aaeeinoaaiiay oa?aeoa?enoeea – ana
iiiaeanoai ao?eaooia eniieuecoaony aeey aeinoeaeaiey oeaeae a
no?iyueony i?aaeeao.
Ana ia?a/eneaiiua ieaea ao?eaoou yaeythony iaiaoiaeeiuie, oae eae ie
iaeei ec ieo ia oa?aeoa?ai aeey anao ii?iae iaeiia?aiaiii.
1) eenoaaiiay;
2) oaieiay;
3) iyaeay;
4) oaa?aeay;
5) i/aiue oaa?aeay;
6) na?i-ei?e/iaaay;
7) naaoei-e?aniay;
8) naaoeay;
9) oaiiay;
10) niieenoay;
11) i/aiue niieenoay;
12) E?oiiay oaenoo?a;
13) Iaeeay oaenoo?a.
Eaaeaeay oa?aeoa?enoeea aeey eiie?aoiie ii?iaeu eeai aa?ia, eeai ia
aa?ia. Aeey eaaeaeie ii?iaeu ni?aaaaeeeau neaaeothuea oa?aeoa?enoeee:
Ii?iaea Oa?aeoa?enoeee
Aeoa 1,4,6,13
Aoe 1,4,7,12
Ineia 1,3,8,13
Oen 1,5,9
Aeue 2,3,8,10
Ninia 2,3,8,11
Niinia eniieueciaaiey yoie eioi?iaoeee caaeneo io ?aaeecaoeee
yenia?oiie nenoaiu.
A iaoai neo/aa i?e i?iaeoe?iaaiee aacu ciaiee ae?aaiaeaeiay no?oeoo?a,
iiiaeanoai eaeaioeoeoee?othueo oa?aeoa?enoee e iaai?u iiia?ia
oa?aeoa?enoee aeey eaaeaeie ii?iaeu ninoaaeytho ?aai/oth iiaeaeue aacu
ciaiee aeey auai?a ii?iaeu.
Caiaoueoa, /oi iiia?a oa?aeoa?enoee yaeythony eneonnoaaiiuie oaeoaie,
iaiaoiaeeiuie i?iaeoe?iaueeo, e aaaaeaiu iie aeey oiai, /oiau
ooieoeeiiaeueiui iiaeoeyi yenia?oiie nenoaiu auei eaa/a
eaeaioeoeoee?iaaoue oa?aeoa?enoeee e iaieioee?iaaoue eie.
I?iaeoe?iaaiea e ?aaeecaoeey nenoaiu, aace?othuaeny ia i?aaeeao.
Nia/aea iaiaoiaeeii naeaeaoue aeaeea?aoeee aacu aeaiiuo. Aaca aeaiiuo
aoaeao o?aieoue ioaaou iieueciaaoaey ia aii?inu nenoaiu
iieueciaaoaeueneiai eioa?oaena (NIE). Yoe aeaiiua yaeythony
ooaa?aeeoaeueiuie eee io?eoeaoaeueiuie ioaaoaie.
Aeaeaa ioaeii iauyaeoue i?aaeeeaou aeey auiieiaiey auaiaea (iaoeia
auaiaea) e aeey acaeiiaeaenoaey n iieueciaaoaeai (nenoaia
iieueciaaoaeueneiai eioa?oaena).
Ana aianoa yoi neaaeothuea aeaeea?aoeee:
database
xpositive(symbol,symbol)
xnegative(symbol,symbol)
predicates
do_expert_job
do_consulting
ask(symbol,symbol)
dog_is(symbol)
it_is(symbol)
positive(symbol,symbol)
negative(symbol,symbol)
remember(symbol,symbol,symbol)
clear_facts
I?aaeeeaou aacu aeaiiuo xpositive e xnegative eniieuecothony aeey
o?aiaiey ooaa?aeeoaeueiuo e io?eoeaoaeueiuo ioaaoia iieueciaaoaey.
Ia?aua /aou?a i?aaeeeaoa ioaeiu aeey acaeiiaeaenoaey n iieueciaaoaeai, a
inoaeueiua oanoue – aeey iaoaiecia auaiaea.
Aeieaeiu auoue ninoaaeaiu ainaiue i?iaeoeoeeiiiuo i?aaee : ii iaeiiio
aeey eaaeaeie ii?iaeu. Eaaeaeia i?aaeei aeieaeii eaeaioeoeoee?iaaoue
ii?iaeo ii i?eciaeo i?eiaaeeaaeiinoe e a?oiia aeeeiiioa?noiuo eee
ei?ioeioa?noiuo.
I?aaeei it_is i?iecaiaeeo yoo eaeaioeoeeaoeeth. Caoai i?aaeei positive
eaeaioeoeoee?oao oa?aeoa?enoeee niaaee a eaaeaeii neo/aa.
E it_is e positive eniieuecothony iaoaieciii auaiaea. Ieaea i?eaaaeaii
iieiia i?iaeoeoeeiiiia i?aaeei aeey aeoaa:
tree_is(“Aeoa”):-
positive(tree,”Eenoaaiiay”),
positive(tree,”Oaa?aeay”),
positive(tree,”Na?i_Ei?e/iaaay”),
positive(tree,”Iaeeay_oaenoo?a”),!.
Iaoaieci auaiaea aeieaeai eiaoue i?aaeea aeey oi?aaeaiey aeaiiuie
aaiaeeiuie iieueciaaoaeai, aeey niiinoaaeaiey eo n i?iaeoeoeeiiiuie
i?aaeeaie e nio?aiaiey “o?annu” (eee caiiieiaiey) io?eoeaoaeueiuo e
ooaa?aeeoaeueiuo ioaaoia. I?aaeea positive e negative eniieuecothony
aeey niiinoaaeaiey aeaiiuo iieueciaaoaey n aeaiiuie a i?iaeoeoeeiiiuo
i?aaeeao. I?aaeei remember (caiiieiaiea) i?iecaiaeeo aeiaaaeaiea
i?aaeeiaeaiee n ioaaoaie yes (aea) e no (iao), aeey eniieueciaaiey i?e
niiinoaaeaiee n ia?acoeii:
positive(X,Y) :-
xpositive(X,Y),!.
positive(X,Y) :-
not(negative(X,Y)),!,
ask(X,Y).
negative(X,Y) :-
xnegative(X,Y),!.
remember(X,Y,yes) :-
asserta(xpositive(X,Y)).
remember(X,Y,no) :-
asserta(xnegative(X,Y)),
fail.
clear_facts :-
retract(xpositive(_,_)),
fail.
clear_facts :-
retract(xnegative(_,_)),
fail.
Iacia/aiea nenoaiu iieueciaaoaeueneiai eioa?oaena (NIE) – naycue
aaiaeeiuo iieueciaaoaeai aeaiiuo n nenoaiie eiae/aneiai auaiaea. Aeaaiue
iiaeoeue do_expert_job (auiieie yenia?oioth ?aaioo) e iiaeoeue
do_consulting (auiieie eiinoeueoaoeeth)
inouanoaeytho yoo naycue. Iiaeoeue ask(X,Y) (ni?ine) cai?aoeaaao
aeaiiua o iieueciaaoaey e nio?aiyao ioaaou a aaca ciaiee. E?iia oiai,
ieii iaania/eaaao aeiiieieoaeueiia oaeianoai ai a?aiy eiinoeueoaoeee.
Nenoaia iieueciaaoaeueneiai eioa?oaena iieiinoueth i?eaaaeaia ieaea:
do_expert_job :-
setup_window,
do_consulting,
write(“Press space bar.”),nl,
readch(_),
removewindow,
exit.
setup_window :-
makewindow(1,7,7,”AN EXPERT SYSTEM”,1,16,22,58),
nl,write(“* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *”),
nl,write(” A Tree Expert “),
nl,write(” “),
nl,write(“This is a tree identification system. “),
nl,write(“Please answer the question about “),
nl,write(“the dog you would like by typing in “),
nl,write(“‘yes’ or ‘no’. “),
nl,write(“* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *”),
nl,nl.
do_consulting :-
dog_is(X),!,nl,
write(“the tree you have indicated is a(n)”,X,”.”),nl,
clear_facts.
do_consulting :-
nl,write(“Sorry I can’t help you ! “),
clear_facts.
ask(X,Y) :-
write(” Question :- “,X,” it “,Y,” ?”),
readln(Reply),
remember(X,Y,Reply).
Caiaoueoa, /oi aeaaiue iiaeoeue do_expert_job aucuaaao iiaeoee
setup_window (onoaiiae ieii) e do_consulting (auiieie eiinoeueoaoeeth).
Eiinoeueoe?othuee iiaeoeue eiaao aeaa aeueoa?iaoeaiua oi?iu. Ia?aay
acaeiiaeaenoaoao n iaoaieciii auaiaea; anee ?acoeueoao oeeeea
“?aniiciaaaiea – aeaenoaea” iieiaeeoaeueiue, oi ?acoeueoao niiauaaony
iieueciaaoaeth. Aoi?ay oi?ia niiauaao i iaaaoeaiii ?acoeueoaoa.
Oaia?ue iiaeii niaaeeieoue ioaeaeueiua eiiiiiaiou e noi?ie?iaaoue
iieioth yenia?oioth nenoaio ia i?aaeeao aeey auai?a ii?iaeu aea?aaa.
Yoa i?ia?aiia i?ineo iieueciaaoaey aua?aoue ?aaeei eiinoeueoaoeee eee
auoiae ec i?ia?aiiu. Caoai yenia?oiay nenoaia auae?aao ii?iaeo niaaee ia
iniiaaiee ioaaoia iieueciaaoaey ia aii?inu, eee a eiioea iaoaea/iiai
iienea auaeaao niiauaiea “Sorry!”
?aaeecaoeey:
domains
database
xpositive(symbol,symbol)
xnegative(symbol,symbol)
predicates
do_expert_bird.
do_consulting
ask(symbol,symbol)
tree_is(symbol)
positive(symbol,symbol)
negative(symbol,symbol)
remember(symbol,symbol,symbol)
clear_facts
goal
do_expert_bird.
clauses
do_expert_bird:-
makewindow(1,7,7,”Expert System”,1,3,22,71),
nl,write(” —————————————————“),
nl,write(” A Tree Expert “),
nl,write(” “),
nl,write(” Please answer the questions ‘yes’ or ‘no’.”),
nl,write(” —————————————————“),
nl,nl,
do_consulting,
write(“Press space bar.”),nl,
readchar(_),
removewindow,
exit.
do_consulting:-
tree_is(X),!,nl,
write(“Tree “,X,”.”),nl,
clear_facts.
do_consulting:-
nl,write(“Sorry !”),
clear_facts.
ask(X,Y):-
write(” expert> “,X,” “,Y,” ?”),
readln(Reply),
remember(X,Y,Reply).
positive(X,Y):-
xpositive(X,Y),!.
positive(X,Y):-
not(negative(X,Y)),!,
ask(X,Y).
negative(X,Y):-
xnegative(X,Y),!.
remember(X,Y,yes):-
asserta(xpositive(X,Y)).
remember(X,Y,no):-
asserta(xnegative(X,Y)),
fail.
clear_facts:-
retract(xpositive(_,_)),
fail.
clear_facts:-
retract(xnegative(_,_)),
fail.
tree_is(“Aeoa”):-
positive(tree,”Eenoaaiiay”),
positive(tree,”Oaa?aeay”),
positive(tree,”Na?i_Ei?e/iaaay”),
positive(tree,”Iaeeay_oaenoo?a”),!.
tree_is(“Aoe”):-
positive(tree,”Eenoaaiiay”),
positive(tree,”Oaa?aeay”),
positive(tree,”Naaoei_E?aniay”),
positive(tree,”E?oiiay_oaenoo?a”),!.
tree_is(“Ineia”):-
positive(tree,”Eenoaaiiay”),
positive(tree,”Iyaeay”),
positive(tree,”Naaoeay”),
positive(tree,”Iaeeay_oaenoo?a”),!.
tree_is(“Oen”):-
positive(tree,”Eenoaaiiay”),
positive(tree,”I/aiue_oaa?aeay”),
positive(tree,”Oaiiay”),!.
tree_is(“Aeue”):-
positive(tree,”Oaieiay”),
positive(tree,”Iyaeay”),
positive(tree,”Naaoeay”),
positive(tree,”Niieenoay”),!.
tree_is(“Ninia”):-
positive(tree,”Oaieiay”),
positive(tree,”Iyaeay”),
positive(tree,”Naaoeay”),
positive(tree,”I/aiue_Niieenoay”),!.
tree_is(“Noiea”):-
positive(tree,”Ia_aea?aai”),
positive(tree,”I/aiue_Oaa?aeue”),!.
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