A?EOIAOE*ANEEA IIA?AOeEE
Oanoiaaeoeaoe?ac?yaeiia au/eoaiea
Au/eoathony aeaa 16-?ac?yaeiuo /enea. I?e yoii oeaa ia?aiina aeaenoaoao
eae caai.
I?ioeaaeo?a. I?inoi ec oiaiueoaaiiai au/eoaaony au/eoaaiia ii iaeiiio
aaeoo ca iaeei ?ac, ia/eiay n ieaaeoeo aaeoia. I?e au/eoaiee noa?oeo
aaeoia o/eouaaaony caai. I?e au/eoaiee noa?oeo aaeoia onoaiaaeeaathony
oeaae.
Oanoiaaeoeaoe?ac?yaeiia oiiiaeaiea
Oiiiaeathony aeaa 16-?ac?yaeiuo iia?aiaea e aica?auaaony ieaaeoaa ii
cia/aieth neiai (16-?ac?yaeiia) i?iecaaaeaiey.
I?ioeaaeo?a. Eniieuecoaony iau/iue iaoaieci neiaeaiey e naeaeaia, i?e
eioi?ii iiiaeeiia aeiaaaeyaony e /anoe/iiio i?iecaaaeaieth eaaeaeue ?ac,
eiaaea a iiiaeeoaea iaoiaeeony aaeeie/iue ?ac?yae. Aeey i?aaeeueiiai
ioiineoaeueiiai ?aniieiaeaiey iia?aiaeia e i?iecaaaeaiey a i?ia?aiia 15
?ac inouanoaeyaony naeaea aeaai iiiaeeoaey e i?iiaaeooi/iiai
i?iecaaaeaiey (o.a. ia /enei ?ac?yaeia a iiiaeeoaea ieion iaeei). I?e
yoii noa?oee (16-e) ?ac?yae i?iecaaaeaiey oa?yaony.
Oanoiaaeoeaoe?ac?yaeiia aeaeaiea
Aeaeyony aeaa 16-?ac?yaeiuo iia?aiaea e aica?auaaony /anoiia e inoaoie.
Eiathony aeaa aoiaeiua oi/ee: SDIV16 aeaeeo aeaa 16-?ac?yaeiuo iia?aiaea
ni ciaeaie, a oi a?aiy eae USDIV16 aeaeeo aeaa 16-?ac?yaeiuo
iia?aiaea aac ciaeia. I?e aeaeaiee ia 0 oeaa ia?aiina onoaiaaeeaaaony a
1, a /anoiia e inoaoie ?aaiu 0; a i?ioeaiii neo/aa oeaa ia?aiina
i/euaaony.
I?ioeaaeo?a. Anee iia?aiaeu eiatho ciaee, oi ii?aaeaeyaony ciae /anoiiai
e aa?oony aaniethoiua cia/aiey io?eoeaoaeueiuo iia?aiaeia. E?iia oiai,
aeieaeai nio?aiyoueny ciae aeaeeiiai, oae eae ii ii?aaeaeyao ciae
inoaoea. Caoai n iiiiuueth aeai?eoia naeaeaia e au/eoaiey auiieiyaony
aacciaeiaia aeaeaiea. *anoiia e aeaeeiia naeaeaathony aeaai, i?e yoii
eaaeaeue ?ac, eiaaea i?iaiia au/eoaiea auei oniaoiui, aaeeie/iue ?ac?yae
iiiauaaony a /anoiia. Anee iia?aiaeu eiaee ciaee, oi i?ia?aiia aeieaeia
i?aa?aoeoue a io?eoeaoaeueiia /enei (o.a. au/anoue ec 0) /anoiia eee
inoaoie, anee oieueei iie aeieaeiu auoue io?eoeaoaeueiuie. I?e aeaeaiee
aac ioeaie oeaa ia?aiina i/euaaony, a i?e aeaeaiee ia 0 –
onoaiaaeeaaaony. E?iia oiai, anee aeaeeoaeue ?aaai 0, oi /anoiia e
inoaoie oaeaea ?aaiu 0.
Oanoiaaeoeaoe?ac?yaeiia n?aaiaiea
N?aaieaathony aeaa 16-?ac?yaeiuo iia?aiaea e niioaaonoaothuei ia?acii
onoaiaaeeaathony oeaae. Oeaa ioey anaaaea oeacuaaao, auee ee iia?aiaeu
?aaiu. Anee iia?aiaeu auee aacciaeiaua, oi oeaa ia?aiina oeacuaaao,
eaeie ec ieo aieueoa (oeaa ia?aiina = 1, anee au/eoaaiia aieueoa, e 0 –
a i?ioeaiii neo/aa). Anee iia?aiaeu eiatho ciaee, oi oeaa ciaea
oeacuaaao, eaeie ec ieo aieueoa (oeaa ciaea ?aaai 1, anee au/eoaaiia
aieueoa, e 0 – a i?ioeaiii neo/aa); i?e yoii o/eouaaaony ia?aiieiaiea ii
aeiiieiaieth aei aeaoo, e anee iii i?ienoiaeeo, oi oeaa ciaea
eiaa?oe?oaony.
I?ioeaaeo?a. Nia/aea i?iaa?yaony, iiaeao ee i?iecieoe ia?aiieiaiea ii
aeiiieiaieth aea aeaoo. Yoi aiciiaeii oieueei a oii neo/aa, anee ciaee
iia?aiaeia ?acee/athony. Anee ia?aiieiaiea ii aeiiieiaieth aei aeaoo
aiciiaeii, oi au/eoaaony ieaaeoee aaeo au/eoaaiiai ec oiaiueoaaiiai.
Anee ieaaeoea aaeou ?aaiu, oi onoaiaaeeaathony oi onoaiaaeeaathony oeaae
ii ?acoeueoaoo au/eoaiey noa?oeo aaeoia. Anee ieaaeoea aaeou ia ?aaiu,
ia?aae auoiaeii aeieaeai i/enoeony oeaa ioey (n iiiiuueth eiae/aneie
iia?aoeee EEE n 1, ii i?e iaeciaiiuo inoaeueiuo oeaaao). Anee
ia?aiieiaiea ii aeiiieiaieth aei aeaoo iiaeao i?iecieoe, oi
onoaiaaeeaaaony oeaa ciaea ii ciaeo oiaiueoaaiiai. Yoi auiieiyaony n
iiiiuueth caa?ocee a aeeoioeyoi? noa?oaai aaeoa oiaiueoaaiiai ia?aae
onoaiiaeie oeaaa ciaea.
Aeaie/iia neiaeaiea /enae n iiauoaiiie oi/iinoueth
Neeaaeuaathony aeaa iiiaiaaeoiauo aeaie/iuo /enea. *enea o?aiyony a
iaiyoe oaeei ia?acii, /oi eo naiua ieaaeoea ii cia/aieth aaeou caieiatho
naiua ieaaeoea aae?ana. Noiia caiaiyao ia?aia neaaaaiia.
I?ioeaaeo?a. Nia/aea i/euaaony oeaa ia?aiina, a caoai neeaaeuaathony
iia?aiaeu, ii aaeoo ca ?ac, ia/eiay n naiuo ieaaeoeo ii cia/aieth
aaeoia. A eiioea oeaa ia?aiina io?aaeaao ?acoeueoao neiaeaiey naiuo
noa?oeo aaeoia. Aeeeia 0 aucuaaao iaiaaeeaiiue auoiae aac neiaeaiey.
Aeaie/iia au/eoaiea /enae n iiauoaiiie oi/iinoueth
Au/eoathony aeaa iiiaiaaeoiauo aacciaeiauo aeaie/iuo /enea. Iaa /enea
o?aiyony a iaiyoe oaeei ia?acii /oi eo naiua ieaaeoea ii cia/aieth aaeou
caieiatho naiua ieaaeoea aae?ana. ?aciinoue caiauaao oiaiueoaaiia.
Aeeeia /enae ?aaia 255 aaeo eee iaiueoa.
I?ioeaaeo?a. Nia/aea i/euaaony oeaa ia?aiina, a caoai au/eneythony
iia?aiaeu, ii aaeoo ca iaeei ?ac, ia/eiay n naiuo ieaaeoeo ii cia/aieth
aaeoia. A eiioea oeaa ia?aiina io?aaeaao ?acoeueoao au/eoaiey naiuo
noa?oeo aaeoia. Aeeeia 0 aucuaaao iaiaaeeaiiue auoiae aac au/eoaiey.
Aeaie/iia oiiiaeaiea /enae n iiauoaiiie oi/iinoueth
Oiiiaeathony aeaa iiiaiaaeoiauo aacciaeiauo aeaie/iuo /enea. Iaa /enea
o?aiyony a iaiyoe oaeei ia?acii /oi eo naiua ieaaeoea ii cia/aieth aaeou
caieiatho naiua ieaaeoea aae?ana. I?iecaaaeaiea caiauaao iiiaeeiia.
Aeeeia /enae ?aaia 255 aaeo eee iaiueoa. *oiau nio?aiyeanue
niaianoeiinoue n ae?oaeie aeaie/iuie iia?aoeeyie iiauoaiiie oi/iinoe,
aica?auathony oieueei ieaaeoea ii cia/aieth aaeou i?iecaaaeaiey.
I?ioeaaeo?a. Eniieuecoaony iau/iue iaoaieci neiaeaiey e naeaeaia, i?e
eioi?ii iiiaeeiia aeiaaaeyaony e /anoe/iiio i?iecaaaeaieth eaaeaeue ?ac,
eiaaea a iiiaeeoaea iaoiaeeony aaeeie/iue ?ac?yae. I?iiaaeooi/iia
i?iecaaaeaiea e iiiaeeiia naeaeaathony ia /enei ?ac?yaeia a iiiaeeiii
iethn iaeei; yoio aeiiieieoaeueiue oeeee naeaeaaao ieii/aoaeueiue oeaa
ia?aiina a i?iecaaaeaiee. Iieiia aacciaeiaia i?iiaaeooi/iia
i?iecaaaeaiea aeaieiie aeeeiu o?aieony a y/aeeao iaiyoe e a iiiaeeiii.
Aeeeia 0 aucuaaao iaiaaeeaiiue auoiae aac oiiiaeaiey.
Aeaie/iia aeaeaiea /enae iiauoaiiie oi/iinoe
Aeaeyony aeaa iiiaiaaeoiauo aacciaeiauo aeaie/iuo /enea. Iaa /enea
o?aiyony a iaiyoe oaeei ia?acii /oi eo naiua ieaaeoea ii cia/aieth aaeou
caieiatho naiua ieaaeoea aae?ana. *anoiia caiauaao aeaeeiia; aae?an
ieaaeoaai ii cia/aieth aaeoa inoaoea iaoiaeeony a ?aaeno?ao H e L.
Aeeeia /enae ?aaia 255 aaeo eee iaiueoa. Anee iao ioeaie, oeaa ia?aiina
i/euaaony; i?e iiiuoea aeaeaiey ia iieue oeaa ia?aiina onoaiaaeeaaaony a
1, aeaeeiia inoaaony aac eciaiaiey, a inoaoie ?aaai 0.
I?ioeaaeo?a. N iiiiuueth iau/iiai aeai?eoia naeaeaia e au/eoaiey
inouanoaeyaony aeaeaiea, i?e yoii naeaeaaaony /anoiia e aeaeeiia e 1
iiiauaaony a aeaeeiia eaaeaeue ?ac, eiaaea au/eoaiea oniaoii. ?acoeueoao
i?iaiiai au/eoaiey o?aieony a aeiiieieoaeueiii aooa?a; anee i?iaiia
au/eoaiea oniaoii, oi oeacaoaee yoiai aooa?a e aooa?a aeaeeiiai i?inoi
ia?aeeth/athony (o.a. aooa?u iaiythony ianoaie). Anee ii?aaeaeyaony, /oi
aeaeeoaeue ?aaai ioeth, iaiaaeeaiii inouanoaeyaony auoiae ec i?ia?aiiu e
onoaiaaeeaaaony oeaa ia?aiina. A i?ioeaiii neo/aa oeaa ia?aiina
i/euaaony.
Aeaie/iia n?aaiaiea /enae n iiauoaiiie oi/iinoueth
N?aaieaathony aeaa iiiaiaaeoiauo aacciaeiauo aeaie/iuo /enea e
niioaaonoaothuei ia?acii onoaiaaeeaathony oeaae. Oeaa ioey anaaaea
oeacuaaao, auee ee iia?aiaeu ?aaiu. Anee iia?aiaeu auee aacciaeiaua, oi
oeaa ia?aiina oeacuaaao, eaeie ec ieo aieueoa (oeaa ia?aiina = 1, anee
au/eoaaiia aieueoa, e 0 – a i?ioeaiii neo/aa). Oeaa ia?aiina
onoaiaaeeaaaony a 1, anee au/eoaaiia aieueoa oiaiueoaaiiai; a i?ioeaiii
neo/aa oeaa ia?aiina i/euaaony. Oaeei ia?acii, oeaae onoaiaaeeaathony
oae aea, eae anee au au/eoaaiia au/eoaeinue ec oiaiueoaaiiai.
I?ioeaaeo?a. N?aaieaathony iia?aiaeu iiaaeoii, ia/eiay n naiuo noa?oeo
aaeoia e i?iaeieaeay aei oao ii?, iiea ia aoaeoo iaeaeaiu ia?aaiua
niioaaonoaothuea aaeou. Anee ana aaeou ?aaiu, inouanoaeyaony auoiae n
oeaaii ioey, onoaiiaeaiiii a 1. Caiaoei, /oi ie n?aaiaiee ?aaioa
i?ienoiaeeo n iia?aiaeaie, ia/eiay n naiuo noa?oeo aaeoia, a oi a?aiy
eae i?e au/eoaiee – ia/eiay n naiuo ieaaeoeo.
CAEETH*AIEA
I?iaiaeece?iaaa i?aaenoaaeaiioth e ?anniio?aieth eieao Eain A.
Eaaaioaeue, Oeio?ii Nyeaeee “I?ia?aiie?iaaiea ia ycuea annaiaea?a aeey
iee?ii?ioeanni?a 8080 e 8085” auaeaeei aeinoieinoaa aeaiiie ioaeeeaoeee:
iaoa?eae eceiaeai a oi?ioi no?oeoo?e?iaaiiie oi?ia;
aaoi?u iiiaie?aoii iiaoi?ytho iaeioi?ua /anoe iaoa?eaea aeey eo/oaai
onaiaiey;
eieaa niaaaeaia iiae?iaiui oeacaoaeai, neiaa?ai oa?ieiia e
i?eeiaeaieyie.
E iaaeinoaoeai aeaiiie eieae iiaeii ioianoe neaaeothuaa:
i?e iaienaiee I?ia?aiiiiai ?acaeaea i?eiaiyeenue noaiaea?oiua e
iauaecaanoiua aeai?eoiu au/eneaiee;
iaeioi?ua /anoe iienaiee aeaiu neeoeii naeaoi e i?aaeiacia/aiu aeey
i?ia?aiienoia eiathueo iiuo a iaienaiee i?ia?aii ia ycuea annaiaea?a;
ionoonoaoao i?eeiaeaiea n iaiauathuei iienaieai iiaiiieee eiiaiae e
e?aoeei iiyniaieai auiieiyaiuo aeaenoaee – iaiaoiaeeiia aeey
i?ia?aiienoia ia/aeueiiai o?iaiy.
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