?aoa?ao.
Noaeei – /aeiaae e iieeoee.
Naiay aeanoieay oe?aiey – oa, eioi?ay
aunooiaao iiae naiueth caeiiiinoe e iiae
oeaaii ni?aaaaeeeainoe.
O. Iiioaneuea
Eineo Aenna?eiiiae/ Noaeei (ianoiyuay oaieeey – Aeaeoaaoaeee),
?iaeeeny a 1879 aiaeo a iaeaiueeii a?oceineii naea Ai?e, a naiuea
naiiaeieea. Ee/iinoue, iiaeaeoe, iaeia ec naiuo caaaaei/iuo e
iacao?yaeiuo a enoi?ee ?innee, aea e anaai ie?a. Aeaaea oaeo aai
?iaeaeaiey aue ieooai naiaia?aciie oaeiie. Oiaeeei iiiaeanoai eaaaiae i
i?ienoiaeaeaiee N. Iaeia ec ieo iieueciaaeanue aieueoie iiioey?iinoueth
e iieo/eea aieueoia ?ani?ino?aiaiea: Iaeioi?ua n/eoaee, /oi ii aue nuiii
i/aiue e?aneaie e?anoueyiee e a?oceineiai eiycy. E aiieia anoanoaaiii,
/oi iaeue/ee iniciaa naia aeaienoaaiiia iieiaeaiea, n thiuo eao i?iyaee
iaaeiaieuenoai, noae aoioa?ai. Ii aue aeinoiei aieueoaai, noa?aeny
?ani?aaeoue e?ueuey. I?ioeia oyaioeei aai. Iieeioa aeii, ii ieeiaaea ia
aica?auaeny aieueoa a naiueth, a ?iaeiua ianoa…
Nouanoaiaaea oaeaea e ae?oaay, ia iaiaa iiioey?iay: Ioaoe aai,
aeaneaoue, ia eoi eiie, eae ecaanoiue iooaoanoaaiiee I?aeaaaeueneee,
auaaaoee a Ai?e a ainoyo o eiycy. Aeaaea iieacuaaee ii?o?aou e oaa?yee,
/oi Noaeei e I?aeaaaeueneee i/aiue iioiaee, e ia oieueei eeoeii, ii e
oeao?ie, e inaieie…
Ai anao yoeo i?aaeiieiaeaieyo aeinoiaa?ii oieueei iaeii: Eineo
Aenna?eiiiae/ ia ethaee aniiieiaoue i Ai?e, i naiai aeaonoaa, a anee
aiai?ee, oi eeoue i iaoa?e e ieeiaaea – ia iooea, eioi?ue, noaey ii
anaio, a naith i/a?aaeue ioiineeny e Eineoo i/aiue oieiaeii.
E ana aea, eoi au ie aue aai iooeii, iaeue/ee au?in oiiui,
y?oaee?iaaiiui /aeiaaeii n aiaeeoe/aneei neeaaeii oia. Ii aue ia e?anea.
Aio eae iienuaaao A. Oniaineee aai aiaoiinoue a eieaa «Oaeiue niaaoiee
Aiaeaey»: « Ia?aaei iiie noiye iaaunieee, ieioiiai oaeineiaeaiey
/aeiaae, eao iiae ni?ie, ni nioaeui onoaeui eeoeii, ia eioi?ii caiaoii
i?inooiaee ?yaeiee. Eia iaaunieee, aeaaea oceee, ia?acaiiue /a?iie
iieineie ei?ioei iiaeno?eaeaiiuo aiein. Ianeieueei aaeee aue iin, eae o
iiiaeo eaaeacneeo aeeoaeae. Iieacaeinue, /oi ?oee aeeeiiiaaou e
oyaeaeiaaou ii n?aaiaieth n ooeiaeuai. E iaeiiiaeaeaeiu, iniaaiii –
eaaay». Ii ana, eoi eiaaea-eeai ano?a/aeny ni Noaeeiui caia/aee aai
iniaaiiue acaeyae. Caei?iaaynue, ii i?enoaeueii niio?ae /aeiaaeo a
aeaca, e oaeei i?iiecuaathuei aue aai acaeyae, /oi eacaeinue
Aeaeoaaoaeee iaiiaaiii i?inaa/eaae /aeiaaea, i?iieeae a aai nouiinoue e
iiieiae, eoi ia?aae iei noieo. Yoi ia iiaei auoue i?eyoiui e anaaaea
aucuaaei ?acae?aaeaiea o aai niaanaaeieeia.
Iaeioi?ia a?aiy Noaeei i?iaae a nnueeao, iioii ia/aeanue aai
iieeoe/aneay ea?uea?a. Ii noiae i?iaeoueny ia « naiue aa?o »
eneeth/eoaeueii aeaaiaea?y naiae iaaeaeaiiie ianoie/eainoe e
iaaa?iyoiiio aea?o oaaaeaeaiey. AEeciue ainieoaea yoiai /aeiaaea oae,
/oi ii ia inoaiaaeeaaeny ia ia?aae /ai e ie ia naeoiaeo ia niiiaaaeny a
i?aaeeueiinoe e aacoi?a/iinoe naieo aeaenoaee.
Iinea iaoaea/e a Iieueoa, Eaiei noae eniuouaaoue iaeioi?ia
iaaeiaieuenoai Noaeeiui, i?enoaeueiaa i?eaeyaeuaaeny e iaio. Iinea
?yaea noaeeineeo iaoaea/ ia?aciaaeanue oa i?iianoue, eioi?ay ni a?aiaiai
?annaeea aanue eiiaiaeiue ninoaa niaaoneeo aii?oaeaiiuo nee: ia iaeiie
noi?iia ieacaeny Noaeei n oaie ethaeueie, n eioi?uie aiaaae, eioi?ui
iieiinoueth aa?ee, a ia ae?oaie noi?iia ana, eee ii/oe ana inoaeueiua. A
oii /enea, ?acoiaaony, Oooa/aaneee e Aae, oi?ioi ciaaoea iieeiaiae/aneee
o?iaaiue Aoaeaiiiai e Ai?ioeeiaa, e aiaiii-iieeoe/aneee o?iaaiue
Noaeeia. « Eeoieie, iianiuie naeaeaoaeyie auee Aae e Oooa/aaneee.
I?ieaeao a?aiy e ioieueaony ei yoi oyaeaeui naeioeii »(Oaei. Niaao.
Aiaeaey).
I?e anai oii a ai?aea 1922 aiaea, n?aco iinea XI nuacaea ia?oee,
ieaioi OeE eca?ae Eineoa Aenna?eiiiae/a Aaia?aeueiui nae?aoa?ai ?EI (a).
A anee au?aceoueny oi/iaa (eae neacae Eaiei a naiai ienueia i Noaeeia),
oio « noae » aainaeii. Yoo o?aco Aeaaeeie?a Eeuee/a iaeuecy iionoeoue,
oae eae n?aco iinea « auai?ia » Noaeeia ia auei iaeaeaii ieeaeeo
i?ioieieia niioaaonoaothueo canaaeaiee, i oii, eoi aieiniaae «ca», eoi
«i?ioea», e auei ee aieiniaaiea aiiaua. E oioy yoa aaeieieno?aoeaiay, a
iauai-oi, aeieaeiinoue ia aeaaaea eaeeo-oi iniauo i?aa, iia ioe?uaaea
iooue e aieueoie aeanoe… Io /aeiaaea, eioi?ue aioiaee aii?inu aeey
Iieeoath?i, a iioii eiio?iee?iaae inouanoaeaiea ?aoaiee, caaenaei
iiiaia. Aea e ia ana oaeouea aii?inu auiineeenue ia ianoaeaeaiea, eo
iiaeii auei ?aoaoue a ?aai/ai ii?yaeea. E Aaia?aeueiue nae?aoa?ue Noaeei
oiaei yoei iieueciaaeny…
Anei?a Eaiei neeueii caaieae, e auoei niaoeeaeueiia ?aoaiea OeE
cai?auaaoaa iaa?oaeaoue aai ?aaioie, aieiiaaoue e aeaaea /eoaoue aio
aacaou. Iiaeaeoe, aaeeinoaaiiui /aeiaaeii, eioi?iai Noaeei noaaee auoa
naay, e iiae/eiyoueny eioi?iio ia n/eoae caci?iui e inei?aeoaeueiui, aue
Aeaaeeie? Eeuee/. Eeoue iaiiiaeo Noaeei noaaee a?iaaiue n niaie, anao
inoaeueiuo n/eoae ieaea. *ai aieueoa oe?aieyeny ii o aeanoe, oai
caiaoiaa yoi iuouaeinue, a iioii ii e aiana ainia?ee… Iaeiaei Eaiei
aue e inoaaaeny aeey iaai aiaeaeai e o/eoaeai, ?ac e iaanaaaea
i?eciaiiui aaoi?eoaoii. Onoaoaeyaoayny aieaciue Eaieia i/aiue aaniieieea
Eineoa Aenna?eiiiae/a, ii caaioeeny i oii, /oiau nicaeaoue aeey
aucaei?iaeaiey ana iaiaoiaeeiua oneiaey.
E?iia oaeoia caaiou Noaeeia i Eaieia, eneeth/eoaeueii ec ii/oaiey e
oaaaeaiey e aiaeaeth, iaeuecy na?anuaaoue ni n/aoia i?aaeiieiaeaiea i
oii, /oi iieiia ioeeth/aiea Aeaaeeie?a Eeuee/a io oaeoueo aeae a oo ii?o
ono?aeaaei /anoiethaeaiai Aeaeoaaoaeee, ia oa?iaaoaai eiio?iey, niaaoia,
eieeaeoeaiuo ?aoaiee. Ii aioae ai aeon iieiiaeanoiiai oicyenoaiaaiey. E
aae?oa, iaiaeeaeaiii, eaieineia aiaoaoaeuenoai, eaieineea oeacaiey,
e?ooi iaiyaoea aai ieaiu e caiuneu, neiaii au iiae/a?eeaathuea aai,
noaeeineia ianiaa?oainoai…
Io?eoeaoaeueiia ioiioaiea e Noaeeio, eae e ?oeiaiaeeoaeth ia?oee,
ia?anoaaoaa o Aeaaeeie?a Eeuee/a, iiaeeyei e ia «Ieai aaoiiiiecaoeee»:
ii aue ano?a/ai iaaeiaa?/eai, ?ane?eoeeiaai e iioi?iiai. N ae?oaie
noi?iiu nii?u e ?anoiaeaeaiey ie a eiae ia?a ia io?aceeenue ia ioiioaiee
Noaeeia e Eaieio. Iaeiaei ii iiieiae, /oi aeie aiaeaey ni/oaiu e
no?aieeny oe?aieoue naia iieiaeaiea a ia?oee e ainoaea?noaa.
Anei?a iinea eii/eiu Eaieia ninoiyeny XIII nuacae ia?oee.
Anoanoaaiii: i?e iiaeaioiaea aai E.A. eniieueciaae ana naie iacao?yaeiua
i?aaiecaoi?neea niiniaiinoe. Aai ?a/ue i?iecaaea ia iiiaeo eieinnaeueiia
aia/aoeaiea, ii aaaeue auei e ienueii Eaieia, i?yii aae?aniaaiiia
aeaeaaaoai nuacaea, e iie/aoue i iai auei iaeuecy.
Eiiioienou ianoaeeee iineaiea Aeaaeeie?a Eeuee/a. Iaiaei ai?ueeeo
neia aeiaaeinue oiaaea oneuoaoue Noaeeio… Ii iiiaauae o/anoue ana
e?eoe/aneea caia/aiey. Aio iiaa?eee. Nuacae ?aoee inoaaeoue E.A. ia
iinoo Aaia?aeueiiai nae?aoa?y ia?oee aei neaaeothuaai oi?oia. Ieeoi,
eiia/ii, ia i?aaeiieaaae, /oi ii aoaeao caieiaoue yoo aunieoth
aeieaeiinoue o?e aeanyoeeaoey – aei iineaaeiaai aeiy naiae aeecie.
O?oaeii, iaaiciiaeii iiiyoue e iauynieoue ia?aeii a ineoeea E.A. e
eiioeo aeaaaeoeaouo aiaeia, iaino?eaoee naiua neaa?iua /a?ou aai
oa?aeoa?a, anee ia o/eouaaoue oa iai?eyoiinoe, eioi?ua ia?ooeeenue ia
Noaeeia a ee/iie aeecie. Iiiai nee, ia?aia, aeooaaiie yia?aee
?anoiaeiaae ii ia ?aaioa. E aio, /aeiaaeo aia/aoeeoaeueiiio, caieiooiio,
i/aiue ioaeai aue aeiiaoiee otho, oaieay naiaeiay aoiinoa?a, aaea ii iia
au na?ineoue iai?yaeaiea, iieo/eoue ?ac?yaeeo. Noaeei i/aiue no?aieeny e
yoiio, oioae eiaoue iaaeaaeiue naiaeiue i/aa e ia i?inoi e?aneaoth
aeaio, a aa?iiai aaeeiiiuoeaiieea e eaneiaoth aeia?oth oicyeeo. Yoi
aaaeue i/aiue aaaeii, eiaaea anoue iaaeaaeiue oue, aaea iiaeii
oniieieoueny, ainnoaiiaeoue neeu. Iniaaiii, eiaaea oaaa oaea iiae
iyoueaeanyo. Ii ie/aai iiaeiaiiai o E.A. ia eiaeinue. Aeiia ia iieo/ae
ii ie ?aaeinoe, ie ioaeioiiaaiey. Iaeia eeoue aeiiieieoaeueiay
ia?aio?aiea. E /ai aeaeueoa, oai neeueiaa…
…I naiae ia?aie aeaia, i Aeaoa?eia Naaieaeca, aniiieiaoue ii ia
ethaee, anee e aiai?ee i iae, oi n iooaieii oaaaeaiey, ii ia aieueoa.
Niaeaeaiee i aa ?aiiae eii/eia, ai?a/e oo?aou ia i?iyaeye. E e nuio,
sseiao Aeaeoaaoaeee, ioiineeny n oaeeaeoaeueiui ?aaiiaeooeai, ia
naienoaaiiui a?oceiai, eioi?ua iau/ii i/aiue ethayo naieo aeeceeo,
iniaaiii aeaoae, a oae iaeue/eeia – ianeaaeieeia oai aieaa. I?e/eia ooo
– aio eaeay. ?iaeeeny sseia n?aco iinea ia?aie, iaoaea/iie ?aaiethoeee,
a naiia o?oaeiia aeey Noaeeia a?aiy. A?anou, nnueee, iiaeiieuea – Eineo
Aenna?eiiiae/ ii/oe ia aeaeae nuia, eioi?ue ?in o ?iaenoaaiieeia aeaiu,
o Naaieaeca, ethaeae, a iauai-oi, /oaeaeuo Noaeeio, e nai sseia
noaiiaeeny iinoaiaiii /oaeei aeey iaai.
Aai aoi?ie aeaiie auea Iaaeaaeaea Na?aaaaia Aeeeeoaaa. Iia auea
iaiiiai oiiaa naiae i?aaeoanoaaiieoeu, aeoaaea iniciaaaea naith
ioaaonoaaiiinoue, iuoaeanue iaocaeaoue nianoaaiiua ii?uau. Ii /oi ae iia
aeaoue iiaeiuaiiue aeaeaie Eineo Aenna?eiiiae/, iiaeoiuaaaoee i
iieoaaeiaii thaeeaa? Iaaeiinoue, eaneo, aniuoeo ia ianeieueei ieioo?
Yoiai auei aeey iaa oae iaei! Ii ?acae?aaeaeny, noaiiaeeny ?aceei e
a?oaui. Iaaeaaeaea Na?aaaaia oiaea ceeeanue, ineoiaaea aac aeaeeiuo
i?e/ei, iie /anoi nni?eeenue.
A iauai, ana yoe ianoiyoaeuenoaa i?eaaee Noaeeia e /anoui n?uaai,
?anno?ienoaai, ii /anaie noiye aicea ca?eaea, aea?aea a ?oea iiaeiyooth
a?eoao e niio?ae a ieeoaea.
Aio aucaaee eo/oaai, oiaaea, a Iineaa a?a/a, Aaooa?aaa Aeaaeeie?a
Ieoaeeiae/a. Oio ouaoaeueii iniio?ae Noaeeia aeaa ?aca: oo?ii e iicaeii
aa/a?ii, ii caeeth/aiea aai auei aac?aaeinoiui. Iao?aaiiaaoaiiay
ineoeea. I?ia?anne?othuay ia?aiiey n ii?aaeaeaiii au?aaeaiiie
iiaeic?eoaeueiinoueth e iaieae i?aneaaeiaaiey. Aieaciue iaino?yaony
neeueiui o?iie/aneei ia?aooiieaieai, enoiuaieai ia?aiie nenoaiu. Oieueei
eneeth/eoaeueiay neea aiee iiiiaaao Noaeeio nio?aiyoue
?annoaeeoaeueiinoue e ?aaioiniiniaiinoue, ii e yoio ?ano?n ia
aaca?aie/ai. Iaeiaei ia naiiai Noaeeia caeeth/aiea Aaooa?aaa ia
i?iecaaei iniaiai aia/aoeaiey. Aio ?aiueoa oaea aiai?eee i caaieaaaiee e
aeiaieueii aeaaii, aua aei ?aaiethoeee. Iaeei ec Naaieaeca aiai?ee, /oi
E.A. ia?auaeny e ineoeao?o, iinea ?iaeaeaiey sseiaa.
Ioieoe io aeae e ea/eoueny ii ia iia. Aeey iaai yoi auei ?aaii
iieeoe/aneie nia?oe. Anee ono?aieoueny io ?oeiaiaenoaa – cia/eo,
iaanaaaea: eiieo?aioia iiiai. Oai aieaa – ea/aiea o ineoeao?a.
Noianoaaeoee, ineo – ?acaa iiaeao oaeie /aeiaae caieiaoue ?oeiaiaeyuee
iino?!
Aea /oi oai ea/aiea: Noaeei aiyeny eae au ia iieo/ee iaeaneo nai
aeceo Aaooa?aaa. Iaaeaaeaea Na?aaaaia ii aa?ee – ia auaieoaao. E oiio
aea aa neiaa – yoi anaai eeoue neooe, i?aaeiieiaeaiey. Ii nianai
ae?oaia, anee i aieacie neaaeao nai Aaooa?aa. A ii noa?, ?annayi e
aiiaua aia eiio?iey. Iaei ee /oi iiaeao ni?aaoueny n aai ycuea. E oiaaea
eiiaoe iieeoe/aneie ea?uea?a… Yoio iiaue ioieoee i/aiue neeueii aeaaee
ia ineoeeo Noaeeia.
Oniieieeny ii eeoue oiaaea, eiaaea i?ioanni? oia?. I?iecioei yoi
iaiaeeaeaiii e aeiaieueii nei?i iinea iaiyoiiai aeceoa. Neii/aeny
iiaeeeie /aeiaae, a yoii, a iauai-oi, ia auei ie/aai iniaaiiiai. Ii auea
o yoie nia?oe e ae?oaay noi?iia…
I?eia?ii ca iaaeaeth aei nia?oe Aaooa?aaa, ia eaa?oe?a Noaeeia
iiyaeeny Eaa?aioee Aa?ey, e aua iaeei a?ocei n?aaeieo eao, aeiaieueii
eioaeeeaaioiiai aeaea. Noaeei aanaaeiaae n ieie ca aooueeie aeia. Iioii
aoi?ie ainoue ooae, Aa?ey e N. Inoaeenue aaeaiai. ?acaiaa?eaaee iie
i/aiue aeieai.
A ioiioaieyo iaaeaeo E.A. e Eaa?aioeai Iaaeiae/ai oio iiiaio ieacaeny
ia?aeiiiui. Aa?ey noae i?eacaeaoue a Iineao /aua, Noaeei ioioii
oaaeeiyeny n iei…
… Iicaea auynieeinue, /oi ia?aae nia?oueth Aaooa?aaa o iaai iiauaaee
Aa?ey e oio naiue, aoi?ie a?ocei. Iie i?eaacee o/aiiio aeiia?aae,
ae?oaea o?oeou, oi?ioaa aeii. Aaooa?aa aue aanae, ioioii ae, iee, ii,
nay o?aiaca ieacaeanue aeey iaai iineaaeiae.
*a?ac iaeioi?ia a?aiy, aiacaiii oia?ea Iaaeaaeaea Na?aaaaia
Aeeeeoaaa. Ia?aae nia?oueth iia iaienaea ienueii, niaea?aeaiea eioi?iai
a oeaeii, a iauai, ia aaaeii. Aeinoaoi/ii eeoue ia?auo no?ie,
iiaoi?ythueo oi, /oi iia neacaea eae-oi ia aaieaoa: «Iaaei auoue
aienoeio aaieaeueiui /aeiaaeii, /oiau inoaaeoue aac oeaaa oaeoth no?aio,
eae ?inney», e ooo aea noaoai ee/iue oi?ae: iia caauea, iia aeaaea
i?eiiiieoue ia iiaeao, eiaaea aianoa oiaeeee a oaao?…
A aeaeueiaeoai yoi ienueii en/acei, aa?iyoii, Noaeei oie/oiaeee aai.
Iioii ii ?aca 2 – 3 aniiieiae i iai n o?oaeii naea?aeeaay aiaa.
Iinia?oiia iineaiea Iaaeaaeaeu Na?aaaaiu ieii/aoaeueii io?eioei Noaeeia
io aeaiu, ca/a?eioei ana oi?ioaa, /oi auei i?aaeaea o ieo.
Eiaaea i?iuaeenue n iieieieoeae aeiia, ii iiaeioae e a?iao, neeiieeny
iaae iei… *oi oai oaeaeae, /oi ii/oanoaiaae – iaeiiio aio ecaanoii,
eeoei E.A. eneaceeinue noaei?iaeiie a?eianie: ceinoue, no?ao,
iaaeioiaiea /eoaeenue a iai. ?aceee iooaeeeaathuee aeano i?aaie ?oee aue
oaeei neeueiui, /oi a?ia ea/ioeny, aieiaa I.N. naeaeioeanue ia iiaeooea.
Ana naycaiiia n aeaiie, iaiiieiaaoaa i iae, auei ianoieueei iai?eyoii
E.A., /oi ii ?aoee aeaaea niaieoue eaa?oe?o. Ec Iao?ianeiai aeai?oea aai
naiuey ia?aa?aeanue a caeaiea Niaia?eiia.
I aiaauo «iiaeaeaao» e «aeinoeaeaieyo» Noaeeia aiai?eoue ia noaio
ia?i/ii, iioiio /oi iio?aaoaony neeoeii iiiai nee, a?aiaie e aoiaae,
/oiau eo iienaoue. Neaaeo oieueei, /oi nouanoaoao i/aiue niaeay aa?ney,
iienaiiay a iiaanoe-aeieoiaioa «Eaaeieie», Aeeoi?ii Noai?iaui. Iia
aeaneo i oii, /oi ia naiii aeaea aieio ia/ae Noaeei e iiiuoaeny
eniieueciaaoue Aeoea?a a ea/anoaa «eaaeieiea», /oiau i?ieoe iioii ii
anae Aa?iia e ie?o aac iniauo
oneeee. N yoie eieaie i/aiue o?oaeii nii?eoue e ia niaeaoaoueny, oae eae
o iaa i/aiue iaiau/iue noeeue iaienaiey. Noai?ia ana i/aiue iaeiicia/ii
aeieacuaaao oeeoaoaie acyouie ec ?a/ae naiiai Noaeeia… Aio iaeia,
i?eaaaeaiiay a ea/anoaa yiea?aoa: …Caiaae n aai eiia?eaeenoe/aneeie
ethaeiaaeaie i?aa?aoeeny a i/aa oueiu e ?aanoaa. Caaea/a ninoieo a oii,
/oiau ?acaeoue yoio i/aa ia ?aaeinoue o?oaeyueiny anao no?ai.
E. Noaeei, 1918aiae
Eae y oaea aiai?ee a ia/aea ?aoa?aoa, Eineo Aenna?eiiiae/ Noaeei –
iaeia ec iaeaieaa caaaaei/iuo e oaeinoaaiiuo ee/iinoae a enoi?ee anaai
ie?a. Ana aai aeinoeaeaiey e i?iiaoe a iaeiii ?aoa?aoa iienaoue
iaaiciiaeii! Iaeiaei, iieuecoynue nia?aiaiiuie enoi/ieeaie, iiaeii
neacaoue n oaa?aiiinoueth, /oi i?iiaoia ieacaeinue aieueoa…
Ca ioeaee iieeoeeia
?aniea/eaaaony iaoeey.
I. Aa?aeyaa
Copyright © Zakhartchenko Dmitry, 1997
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