Nieiaaoeeee iiianou?ue – auaeathueeny iaiyoiee ?onneie a?oeoaeoo?u,
e?oiiaeoee oeaio? aeooiaiie aeecie ?innee, iinea Aaeeeie Ieoya?ueneie
nioeeaeenoe/aneie ?aaiethoeee aue i?aa?auai a iaeei ec naiuo no?aoiuo
eiioeaio?aoeeiiiuo eaaa?ae a enoi?ee /aeiaa/anoaa.
Aaeeeee o/aiue, iaeei ec oai?oeia nia?aiaiiiai yeieiae/aneiai iuoeaiey
Iaaae Oei?aineee aue iaeiei ec aai ocieeia.
Iaaae Aeaenaiae?iae/ Oei?aineee (9.01.1882 a.- 8.12.1937 a.),
i?aaineaaiue aiaineia, oeeinio, iaoaiaoee e oecee, oai?aoee e i?aeoee,
anth naith iaaeieaoth aeeciue iinayoee iieneo aa/iuo enoei, aeaeae
aoaeouaa ie?a a /enoioa aeooa e auoey, a aaeeinoaa i?e?iaeu e /aeiaaea.
Aua a aeaaaeoeaoua aiaeu nayuaiiee Oei?aineee naycuaae e?ao
oeeaeeecaoeee n ia/aeii aa aacaeooiaiinoe. Iuia /aeiaa/anoai anoaei
ia?aae yoie o?aae/aneie /a?oie.
Ca iae i?iianoue, aeooiaiay ionoioa. E oi, /oi iu naaiaeiy ia?auaainy e
ecia/aeai ?onneie eoeueoo?u e aeooiaiinoe, e iieneai aa/iuo enoei,
iiaeoaa?aeaeaao iuneue: ai noi e?ao aue i?aa Oei?aineee a naieo
i?ic?aieyo.
Iu, eae anaaaea, iiicaeaee ia iienoieaoey. Iaoa naaiaeiyoiyy ioaeeeaoeey
– aeaiue oaaaeaiey o/aiiio, i?eciaiey aai o?oaeia, aai iaiieieaaeiie
aa?a a ?acoi /aeiaaea.
Aniiieiay i aiaeao o/aie/anoaa ai 2-e oeoeenneie aeiiacee, Iaaae
Oei?aineee ienae: “No?anoue e ciaieth iiaeiuaea ana iia aieiaiea e
a?aiy”. A yoio ia?eiae ii n oaea/aieai caieiaeny oeceeie,
iaaethaeaieai i?e?iaeu. I?aaaea, a eiioea aeiiace/aneiai eo?na, eaoii
1899 aiaea, Oei?aineee ia?aaeeaaao aeooiaiue e?ecen. Ioe?uaoayny
ia?aie/aiiinoue e ioiineoaeueiinoue oece/a neiai ciaiey aia?aua
canoaaeea iinoaaeoue aii?in ia Enoeia aaniethoiie e oeaeinoiie.
Ia?aui ii?uaii iinea aeooiaiiai ia?aai?ioa auei oeoe a ia?iae. Iaeiaei
?iaeeoaee ianoiyee ia i?iaeieaeaiee ia?aciaaiey.
A 1900 aiaeo Oei?aineee iinooiaao ia oeceei-iaoaiaoe/aneee oaeoeueoao
Iineianeiai oieaa?neoaoa, aaea ii naeeaeaaony n iaeiei ec iniiaaoaeae
Iineianeie iaoaiaoe/aneie oeieu I.A.Aoaaaaui. Ia neo/aeii naia
eaiaeeaeaoneia ni/eiaiea Iaaae Oei?aineee caaeoiuaaao naeaeaoue /anoueth
aieueoie ?aaiou, neioace?othuae iaoaiaoeeo e oeeinioeth. Iiieii iniiaiuo
caiy-
oee aoaeouee oeeinio e o/aiue iinauaao eaeoeee ia
enoi?eei-oeeieiae/aneii oaeoeueoaoa, naiinoiyoaeueii eco/aao enoi?eth
eneonnoaa.
Oaea oiaaea ia/eiatho neeaaeuaaoueny aai oeeinioneea aicc?aiey,
i?iiecaiiua e?eoeeie iiceoeaecia, ?aoeeiiaeecia e eaioeainoaa n
iiceoeee iauaeoeaiiai eaeaaeecia.
“Iie caiyoey iaoaiaoeeie e oeceeie,- ienae ii aiineaaenoaee, –
i?eaaee iaiy e i?eciaieth oi?iaeueiie aiciiaeiinoe oai?aoe/aneeo
iniia iaua/aeiaa/aneiai ?aeeaeiciiai ie?inica?oeaiey (eaeay
i?a?uaiinoe, oai?ey ooieoeee, /enea). Oeeinionee aea e enoi?e/anee
y oaaaeeeny, /oi aiai?eoue iiaeii ia i ?aeeaeyo, a i ?aeeaee e /oi iia
anoue iaiouaieaiay i?eiaaeeaaeiinoue /aeiaa/anoaa, oioy e i?eieiaao
aan/eneaiiua oi?iu”.
Iinea ieii/aiey oieaa?neoaoa a 1904 aiaeo I.Oei?aineee
iinooiaao a Iineianeoth aeooiaioth aeaaeaieth, aeaeay, eae
ii ienae a iaeiii ec naieo ienai, “i?iecaanoe neioac oea?eiaiinoe
e naaoneie eoeueoo?u, aiieia niaaeeieoueny n Oea?eiaueth, ii
aac eaeeo-ieaoaeue eiii?iiennia, /anoii, aini?eiyoue ana
iieiaeeoaeueiia o/aiea Oen?eae e iao/ii-oeeinioneia ie?iaicc?aiea
aianoa n eneonnoaii…”.
Iieiaeie aiaineia no?aieony iiciaoue aeooiaiinoue ia
ioaea/aiii-oeeinionee, a /a?ac i?ecio ie?oaeathuaai ie?a. Aai
eaiaeeaeaoneia ni/eiaiea “0 ?aeeaeiciie Enoeia” (1908 a.), eioi?ia
eaaei a iniiao iaaenoa?neie aeenna?oaoeee a caoai e eieae “Noiei e
ooaa?aeaeaiey Enoeiu” (1914), auei iinayuaii iooyi
aoiaeaeaiey a I?aaineaaioth Oea?eiaue. “AEeaie ?aeeaeiciue
iiuo, eae aaeeinoaaiiue caeiiiue niinia iiciaiey aeiaiaoia” –
oae nai I.Oei?aineee au?acee aeaaioth iuneue eieae,
auno?aaeaiioth aeeciueth.
Iinea ieii/aiey Iineianeie aeooiaiie aeaaeaiee Oei?aineee
aue inoaaeai i?aiiaeaaaoue ii eaoaae?a enoi?ee oeeinioee. Ca
a?aiy ?aaiou a IAeA (1908 – 1919 aa.) ii nicaeaao ?yae
i?eaeiaeueiuo ?aaio ii enoi?ee aioe/iie oeeinioee, eaioianeie
i?iaeniaoeea, oeeinioee eoeueoa e eoeueoo?u.
E?oiiue niaaoneee oeeinio A. O. Einaa, ioia/ae a naia a?aiy:
“Oei?aineee aeae eiioeaioeeth ieaoiiecia, ii aeoaeia e oiieinoe
i?aainoiaeyuoth ana, /oi y /eoae i Ieaoiia”. “A iooea Iaaea,-
ienae Na?aae Ieeieaaae/ Aoeaaeia, ecaanoiue yeiiiieno,
?aeeaeiciue oeeinio,- ano?aoeeenue eoeueoo?iinoue e
oea?eiaiinoue. Aoeiu e Ea?onaeei, e yoi i?aaie/aneia niaaeeiaiea
naii ii naaa oaea anoue oaeo oea?eiaii-enoi?e/aneiai cia/aiey”.
Aie?oa Oei?aineiai, eioi?ue a 1912 – 1917 aa. aua e aicaeaaeye
aeo?iae ”Aiaineianeee aanoiee”, iinoaiaiii ia?acoaony e?oa
ae?ocae e ciaeiiuo, ai iiiaii ii?aaeaeyaoeo oiaaeaoithth
aoiinoa?o ?onneie eoeueoo?u. Ia?aui i?ieiaeea eioaeeeaaioeee
aei?iao e i?aaineaaiiio nayoainoao, ii yaeyeny eae au naycothuei
caaiii iaaeaeo Iineianeie aeooiaiie aeaaeaieae e iineianeie
eioaeeeaaioeeae, eneaaoae aeooiaiie iii?u a Oea?eae.
Oei?aineee no?aieeny e nayuainoao a oa/aiea iiiaeo eao,
/oanoaiaae a yoii naia aeooiaiia i?ecaaiea. N. I. Aoeaaeia
aniiieiae: “… Ana, /oi iiaeao auoue neacaii ia eneeth/eoaeueiie
iao/iie iaea?aiiinoe iooea Iaaea, eae e ia aai naiiauoiinoe, a
neeo eioi?ie ii anaaaea eiae naia neiai, eae iaeia ioe?iaaiea
iai anai, yaeyaony ana-oaee aoi?inoaiaiiui e ianouanoaaiiui,
anee ia ciaoue a iai naiiai aeaaiiai. Aeooiaiui aea oeaio?ii aai
ee/iinoe, oai nieioeai, eioi?ui inaauaeenue ana aai aea?u, auei aai
nayuainoai, A. A. ?icaiia, eioi?ue, iaeiaaeaeu ociaa iooea Iaaea,
caoai ia iia oaea io iaai ioi?aaoueny eae io enoi/ieea aeecie (…),
iaienae iia iaeiaaeaeu i iai oiaea niaa?oaiii aaieaeueiia ii neea
e au?aceoaeueiinoe ienueii (…). ss iiiith ec iaai oieueei iaeii
neiai. A ea/anoaa naiiai nouanoaniiiai aai ii?aaeaeaiey A. A.
?icaiia neacae: ii anoue (…) nayuaiiee. E yoi auei eiaiii oae”.
Ieoya?ueneay ?aaiethoeey ia yaeeanue iaiaeeaeaiiinoueth
aeey Oei?aineiai. Ii e ?aiueoa iiiai ienae i aeoaieii e?ecena
ao?aeoaciie oeeaeeecaoeee, /anoi aiai?ee i iaaeaeaathuainy e?ooaiee
i?eau/iuo onoiaa aeecie. “A oi a?aiy, eiaaea any no?aia a?aaeeea
?aaiethoeeae,- ienae iicaea N. I. Aoeaaeia, – a oaeaea e a
oea?eiaiuo e?oaao aicieeaee iaeia ca ae?oaith, oioy e
yoaia?iua, oea?eiaii-iieeoe/aneea i?aaiecaoeee, ioaoe Iaaae
inoaaaeny ei /oaeae, – ii ?aaiiaeooeth ee
naiaio aiiaua e caiiiio ono?iaieth, eee aea iioiio, /oi aiein
aa/iinoe aiiaua cao/ae aeey iaai neeueiaa ciaia a?aiaiiinoe”.
Eiia/ii aen, ia iaaei aeoiaoue, aoaeoi Oei?aineee aue noieue
iaeaai e ia niciaaae, /ai aeey iaai iiaeao
iaa?iooueny oaeia “?aaiiaeooea” e i?ienoiaeyoei niauoeyi.
I?ae?anii ana iiieiae. Ii/aio aea ia yiea?e?iaae, eae
yoi naeaeaea cia/eoaeueiay /anoue ?onneie
eioaeeeaaioeee? Aeoiaaony, en/a?iuaathuee ioaao ia yoio aii?in iu
iaeaeai o oiai aea N.I.Aoeaaeiaa, aei eiioea
eniuoaaoaai ai?a/ue ecaiaiey: “Nai o?iaeaiaoe
Eaaeaca, ii (ioaoe Iaaae) iaoae aeey nnay iaaoiaaiioth caieth o
O?ieoeu Na?aey, aicethaea a iae eaaeaeue oaieie e ?anoaiea, aa enoi
e ceio, aanio e inaiue. Ia oiath in?aaeaoue neiaaie oi /oanoai
?iaeeiu, ?innee, aaeeeie e iiao/ae a noaeueaao naieo, i?e anao
a?aoao e iaaeaieyo e eae eniuoaiey naiae eca?aiiinoe, eae iii
aeeei a iooea Iaaea. E, ?acoiaaony, yoi auei ia neo/aeii, /oi ii
ia auaoae ca a?aieoeo, aaea iiaea, eiia/ii, iaeeaeaoue aai aeanoyuay
iao/iay aoaeouiinoue e, aa?iyoii, ie?iaay neaaa, eioi?ay aeey iaai
e aiiaua, eaaeaony, ia nouanoaiaaea. Eiia/ii, ii ciae, /oi iiaeao aai
iaeeaeaoue, ia iia ia ciaoue, neeoeii iaoiieeii aiai?eee ia yoii
noaeueau ?iaeeiu, naa?oo aeiieco (…) Iiaeii neacaoue, /oi aeeciue
aio eae au i?aaeeaaaea auai? iaaeaeo Nieiaeaie e Ia?eaeai, ii
ii eca?ae… ?iaeeio, oioy oi auee e Nieiaee, ii ainoioae aei
eiioea ?acaeaeeoue noaeueao ni naiei ia?iaeii. Ioaoe Iaaae
i?aaie/anee ia iia e ia oioae noaoue yiea?aioii a niunea aieueiiai
eee iaaieueiiai io?uaa io ?iaeeiu, e nai ii e noaeueaa aai anoue
neaaa e aaee/ea ?innee, oioy aianoa n oai e aaee/aeoaa aa
i?anooieaiea”.
Oei?aineee aue iaeiei ec ia?auo n?aaee eeoe aeooiaiiai caaiey,
-eoi, neoaea Oea?eae, noae ?aaioaoue a niaaoneeo o/?aaeaeaieyo.
Ieeiaaea i?e yoii ii ia eciaiye ie naiei oaaaeaeaieyi, ie
nayuaiiiio naio, caienaa naaa a iaceaeaiea a 1920 aiaeo: “Ec
oaaaeaeaiee naieo ie/ai ieeiaaea ia iinooiaoueny. Iiiie, onooiea
aaaeao ca niaith iiaoth onooieo, e oae – aei aaneiia/iinoe”.
Eioa?aniay aeaoaeue: aei oao ii?, iiea yoi auei aiciiaeii, oi anoue
aieioue aei 1929 aiaea, Oei?aineee ia
?aaioa iiyaeyeny anaaaea a iiae?ynieea. Oai naiui ioe?uoi
naeaeaoaeuenoaiaae, /oi ii a naia nayuaiieea. Yoi no?aiiia
ni/aoaiea ?aaioieea Niaaeaia e
ii?aaeaei a 20-a aiaeu.
Aii?in ia o/anoee a eoeueoo?iii no?ieoaeuenoaa iaiiaeaiiie
?innee I.A.Oei?aineee ?aoae ia n aano?aeoii-oai?aoe/aneeo
iiceoeee, a n iiceoeee nei?aa a?aaeaeaineeo, oi anoue a?aaeaeaieia,
nuia Ioa/anoaa. Ii iuouae i?aanoaaiiue aeiea e i?ecaaiea a
oii, /oiau nio?aieoue iniiao aeooiaiie eoeueoo?u aeey
aoaeoueo iieieaiee. A ienueia e ianeaaeieoea eiaiey Aa?aioeaai
A.N.Iaiiioiaie io 30 ethey 1917 a., Iaaae Aeaenaiae?iae/ ieoao:
“Ana oi, /oi i?ienoiaeeo e?oaii, aeey ian, ?acoiaaony,
io/eoaeueii. Iaeiaei y aa?th e iaaeathnue, /oi, en/a?iaa naay,
ieaeeeci aeieaaeao naia ie/oiaeanoai, anai iaaeiano, auciaao
iaiaaenoue e naaa e oiaaea, iinea e?aoa anae yoie ia?cinoe, na?aeoea
e oiu oaea ia ii-i?aaeiaio, ayei e n iaeyaeeie, a
iaaieiaeaaoenue, ia?aoyony e ?onneie eaeaa, e eaeaa ?innee, e
nayoie ?one (…) ss oaa?ai, /oi ooaeoaa aua AIA?AAeE, a ia iicaaee,
/oi e?ecen aua IA ieiiaae. Ii y aa?th a oi, /oi e?ecen i/enoeo
?onneoth aoiinoa?o, aeaaea anaie?ioth aoiinoa?o, enii?/aiioth
aaeaa ee ia n OVII aaea. Oiaaea “Aa?aioeaai” e Aaoa Aa?aioeaai
aoaeoo ioeaiaiu; oiaaea oieeoue e aa?a/ue eaaeaeia a?aaiuoei
Aenaeianeiai aeiia, eaaeaeoth ea?oeio, eaaeaeia i?aaeaiea a
Aa?aioeaaa, a aa?aioeaauo. E Au aeieaeiu caaioeoueny iai anai
yoii ?aaee aoaeouae ?innee, aii?aee anyeei aicaeanai e e?eeai
(…) Neaaeo ooaeoaa. Anee au Aa?aioeaai oie/oiaeeoue oece/anee,
oi e oiaaea, ianiio?y ia yoi aaeeeia i?anooieaiea oie/oiaeaiey
i?aae ?onneei ia?iaeii, anee aoaeao aeeaa eaeay Aa?aioeaaa, ia
ana iiaeaei”.
Oaaaeaeay ae?oaeo “ia inoaaeyoue ei?aaey”, n eioi?iai
i?ieaoeoeueoiaoeu no?aieeenue na?ineoue aeooiaiua oeaiiinoe,
Oei?aineee nai iieacae a yoii i?eia?. 22 ieoya?y 1918 aiaea ii
aioae a Eiienneth ii io?aia iaiyoieeia eneonnoaa e noa?eiu
O?ieoea-Na?aeaaie eaa?u. A ?acoeueoaoa aa aeayoaeueiinoe ca
ei?ioeee n?ie auei iienaii ia?iiiia enoi?eei-ooaeiaeanoaaiiia
aiaaonoai Eaa?u e nianaii iaoeeiiaeueiia aeinoiyiea
iaecia?eiie aeooiaiie e iaoa?ea’eueiie oeaiiinoe. A eoiaa
eiienney iiaeaioiaeea i?iaeo Aeae?aoa “Ia ia?auaiee a iocae
enoi?eei-ooaeiaeanoaaiiuo oeaiiinoae O?ieoea-Na?aeaaie eaa?u”,
iiaeienaiiiai 20 ai?aey 1920 a. I?aaenaaeaoaeai Niaia?eiia A. E.
Eaieiui.
A 1921 aiaeo I. A. Oei?aineee aue eca?ai i?ioanni?ii
Aunoeo ooaeiaeanoaaiii-oaoie/aneeo ianoa?neeo (AOOOAIAN). A
ia?eiae iiyaeaiey e ?anoeaaoa iiauo oa/aiee (oooo?ecia,
eiino?oeoeaecia, aano?aeoeeiiecia) ii ionoaeaae aeooiaioth
oeaiiinoue e cia/eiinoue iaua/aeiaa/aneeo oi?i eoeueoo?u. Iaaae
Aeaenaiae?iae/ aue oaaaeaeai, /oi aeayoaeue eoeueoo?u i?ecaai
?ane?uoue nouanoaothuoth aeooiaioth ?aaeueiinoue. “Ae?oaie
acaeyae,- /eoaai iu a iaeiie ec ?aaio Oei?aineiai,-
niaeanii eioi?iio ooaeiaeiee e aiiaua aeayoaeue eoeueoo?u nai
i?aaiecoao /oi oi/ao e eae oi/ao, noauaeoeaiue e eeethceiienoneee
acaeyae ia eneonnoai e ia eoeueoo?o, a eiia/iii eoiaa aaaeao e
iaanniuneeaaieth e iaanoeaieaaieth eoeueoo?u, oi anoue e ?ac?ooaieth
eoeueoo?u e /aeiaaea”. Iaeiaei Oei?aineee ?aoeoaeueii aunooiaao
i?ioea oiai, /oiau i?aaenoaaeyoue eoeueoo?o naio ii naaa eae ia?ae/iue
e naiiaeiaeathuee ie? oeaiiinoae. A i?aaeaeao naiie eoeueoo?u,
n/eoae ii, iao e?eoa?eaa auai?a. Iaeuecy, inoaaaynue aa?iui
eoeueoo?a, i?eieiaoue iaeii e ioaa?aaoue ae?oaia. Aeey ii?aaeaeaiey
oeaiiinoae ioaeii aueoe ca i?aaeaeu eoeueoo?u e iaeoe e?eoa?ee,
aunoee ii ioiioaieth e iae. Oaeei e?eoa?eai Oei?aineee iieaaae
aaeeinoai o?ainoeaaeaioiiai e eiiaiaioiiai, ?aoeeiiaeueiiai e
/oanoaaiiiai, aeooiaiiai e oaeaniiai.
Ia?yaeo n aeoeaiie aeayoaeueiinoueth ii nio?aiaieth eoeueoo?iiai
ianeaaeey I. A. Oei?aineee ia iaiaa aeoeaii o/anoaiaae e a
iao/ii-i?aeoe/aneie ?aaioa. Iaeanoueth i?eiaiaiey naieo ciaiee ii
eca?ae i?eeeaaeioth oeceeo. Io/anoe iioiio, /oi yoi aeeeoiaaeinue
ioaeaeaie ainoaea?noaa, e a ia?aoth i/a?aaeue ?ac?aaioeie ieaia
AIY?EI, io/anoe e iioiio, /oi ynii i?aaenoaaeye caieiaoueny
oai?aoe/aneie oeceeie, eae ii aa iiieiae, ia aeaaeoo. A 1920 aiaeo
Oei?aineee o?oaeeony ia iineianeii caaiaea “Ea?aieeo”, /a?ac aiae
– a Aeaayeaeo?i ANIO ?NON?, o/anoaoao a O111 yeaeo?ioaoie/aneii
nuacaea, ia eioi?ii eae ?ac oe?iei ianoaeaeaeny ieai AIY?EI, a
aua /a?ac o?e aiaea ecae?aaony /eaiii Oeaio?aeueiiai
yeaeo?ioaoie/aneiai niaaoa Aeaayeaeo?i e i?enooiaao e ?aaioa a
Iineianeii iauaaeeiaiiii eiieoaoa yeaeo?ioaoie/aneeo ii?i e i?aaee.
Oiaaea aea Iaaae Aeaenaiae?iae/ nicaeaao a Ainoaea?noaaiiii
yenia?eiaioaeueiii yeaeo?ioaoie/aneii einoeoooa ia?aoth a NNN?
eaai?aoi?eth ii eniuoaieth iaoa?eaeia, noaaooth aiineaaenoaee
ioaeaeii iaoa?eaeiaaaeaiey ii eco/aieth aeeyeaeo?eeia. Aua a 1924
aiaeo Oei?aineee ecaeaao eieao “Aeeyeaeo?eee e eo oaoie/aneia
i?eiaiaiea”, nenoaiaoece?oy iiaaeoea oai?ee e acaeyaeu
ecieyoeeiiiuo iaoa?eaeia. Ii iaeiei ec ia?auo a no?aia ia/ae
i?iiaaaiaeo neioaoe/aneeo ieenoiann.
N 1927 aiaea I. A. Oei?aineee – ni?aaeaeoi? “Oaoie/aneie
yioeeeeiiaaeee”, aeey eioi?ie iaienae 127 noaoae. Iicaea ii ecae?aaony
a i?aceaeeoi ath?i ii yeaeo?ieciee?othuei iaoa?eaeai Ananithciiai
yia?aaoe/aneiai eiieoaoa e aeeth/aaony a eiienneth ii
noaiaea?oecaoeee iao/ii-oaoie/aneeo iaicia/aiee oa?ieiia e neiaieia
i?e Niaaoa O?oaea e Iai?iiu NNN?.
A 1929 aiaeo a ienueia A. E. Aa?iaaeneiio, ?acaeaay aai o/aiea i
aeinoa?a, Iaaae Aeaenaiae?iae/ i?eoae e iunee “i nouanoaiaaiee a
aeinoa?a eee, iiaeao auoue, ia aeinoa?a oiai, /oi iiaeii auei au
iacaaoue iiaaiioinoa?ie, o. a. i nouanoaiaaiee iniaie /anoe aauanoaa,
aiaea/aiiie a e?oaiai?io eoeueoo?u, eee, oi/iaa, e?oaiai?io aeooa”.
Ii oeacae “ia iniaoth noieeinoue aauanoaaiiuo ia?aciaaiee,
i?i?aaioaiiuo aeooii, iai?eia?, i?aaeiaoia eneonnoaa”, /oi
i?eaeaao eoeueoo?iio?aieoaeueiie aeayoaeueiinoe ieaiaoa?iue niune.
Eaoii 1928 aiaea Oei?aineiai iaiaeeaeaiii nnueatho a Ieaeiee
Iiaai?iae. E oioy /a?ac o?e ianyoea ii oiaeaoaenoao A. I. Iaoeiaie
aai ana aea aica?auatho e ainnoaiaaeeaatho a aeieaeiinoe, ioiioaiea
e iaio a Iineaa caiaoii iai?yaeaiii. Iaaae Aeaenaiae?iae/ oae
ioeaiee oo neooaoeeth: “Aue a nnueea, aa?ioeny ia eaoi?ao”. 26
oaa?aey 1933 a. ii i?aea?o Iineianeiai iaeanoiiai ioaeaeaiey IAIO
Oei?aineee aue a?anoiaai, a 26 ethey 1933 a. ?aoaieai iniaie
o?ieee inoaeaeaaony ia 10 eao ii no. 58, ii. 10, 11. Caoai
yoaie?iaaiea a ainoi/ii-neae?neee eaaa?ue “Naiaiaeiue”, aaea ii aue
ii?aaeaeai ?aaioaoue a iao/ii-enneaaeiaaoaeueneii ioaeaea
oi?aaeaiey AAIEAAa. Aia/aea neaaeothuaai aiaea niiaa yoaiu, oaia?ue
oaea a Neiai?iaeeii ia iiuoioth ia?ceioioth noaioeeth. Caeanue
Oei?aineee ni anae naiae no?anoueth i?iaiaeeo enneaaeiaaiey, eioi?ua
aiineaaenoaee eaaee a iniiao eieae aai nio?oaeieeia I. E. Aueiaa e
I. I. Eaioa?aaa “Aa/iay ia?ceioa e no?ieoaeuenoai ia iae”.
A eiioea ethiy o?eaeoeaoue /aoaa?oiai a Neiai?iaeeii e Iaaeo
Aeaenaiae?iae/o i?eacaeaao aeaia Aiia Ieoaeeiaia n ieaaeoeie
aeaoueie – Ieueaie, Ieoaeeii e Ia?eae (a yoi a?aiy noa?oea
nuiiauey Aaneeee e Ee?eee auee a aaieiae/aneeo yeniaaeeoeeyo). Yoi
naeaeaiea n naiueae ninoiyeinue aeaaiaea?y oiaeaoaenoao ana oie aea
A. I. Iaoeiaie. Naeaeaiea ieacaeinue iineaaeiei, eai oaea a
naioya?a Oei?aineee ia?aaiaeeony a Nieiaaoeeee iiianou?ue iniaiai
iacia/aiey, ?ai?aaieciaaiiue aiineaaenoaee a oth?ueio. Ooo Iaaae
Aeaenaiae?iae/ ?aaioaao ia caaiaea eiaeiie i?iiuoeaiiinoe
(eiaei?ii), aaea caieiaaony i?iaeaiie aeiau/e eiaea e aaa?aaa?a ec
ii?neeo aiaei?ineae. Ca yoio ia?eiae ii naeaeae aieaa aeanyoe
caiaoaioiaaiiuo iao/iuo ioe?uoee e ecia?aoaiee.
-/eoaeai Oei?aineee aeey iaoaai a?aiaie? Neiaeeaoenue eae
iuneeoaeue e o/aiue i?e nii?yaeaiee eoeueoo? – aa?iiaeneie e
ia?iaeiie, naaoneie e oea?eiaiie, Oei?aineee i?aaeoi?aaeaeae
i aeaaeueiinoe aacaeooiaiiai iooe eoeueoo?u. Eoeueo /aeiaaea, ia
ia?aie/aiiiai a aeayoaeueiinoe e i?aaao aunoeie, iaae/aeiaa/aneeie
aeooiaiuie oeaiiinoyie, iaecaaaeii i?eaiaeeo a iaeanoe eneonnoaa
e eoeueoo e?aeiaai eiaeeaeaeoaeecia, a iaeanoe iaoee – e
eoeueoo ioi?aaiiiai io aeecie ciaiey, a iaeanoe oic yenoaa – e
eoeueoo oeuie/anoaa, a iaeanoe iieeoeee – e eoeueoo ee/iinoe. A oi
a?aiy eiaaea Oei?aineee ia/ae ienaoue ia yoii, eacaeinue
iaaa?iyoiui, /oi oaea OO aae i?eaaaeao eoeueoo?o, aea e ana
/aeiaa/anoai, e aiciiaeiinoe naiioie/oiaeaiey. E eeoue nionoy
iyoueaeanyo eao iinea eii/eiu Oei?aineiai, eiaaea eoeueoo?a
aiiaue ia?aoeeanue e iieneai aa/iuo enoei, e enoieai e ?iaeieeai
iiaeeeiiie aeooiaiinoe, iu oaaaeaeaainy, /oi ii aue i?aa a naieo
o?aaiaeiuo i?ic?aieyo. Eiaiii iiyoiio o?aae/aneay, ii caiiui
ia?eai, noaeueaa Oei?aineiai i?eaaea ia e aeaaee, a e oi?aeanoao e
iiaaaea aeaea aai aeecie. Ia naiii aeaea o?aae/ia ia noaeueaa
Oei?aineiai, a o?aae/ii a?aiy, a eioi?ia ii aeee, eoeueoo?a,
eioi?ay ieacaeanue ianiiniaiie aianoeoue a naay iuneeoaey,
nayuaiieea e o/aiiai.
“Iaeyaeuaaynue iacaae, – ienae Iaaae Aeaenaiae?iae/ a ienueia io
20 ai?aey 1937 aiaea,- y aeaeo, /oi o iaiy ieeiaaea ia auei
aeaenoaeoaeueii aeaaii?eyoiuo oneiaee ?aaiou, /anoueth ii
iiae ianiiniaiinoe ono?aeaaoue naie ee/iua aeaea, /anoueth ii
ninoiyieth iauanoaa, n eioi?ui y ?acioaeny eao ia 50, ia
iaiaa,- caaaaeae aia?aae, oiaaea eae aeey oniaoa aeiionoeii
caaaaaoue aia?aae ia aieaa ia 2 – 3 aiaea”. E ana aea Oei?aineee
aa?ee, /oi /aaiia ei a?aiy ianoaiao. Iii oaea ainoiaeeo.
Nieiaee… Noa?ue iiianou?neee ia?ioiaeee, ia?aeiaiiaaiiue a
aeinoaaee ia?aoth ia?oeth caeeth/aiiuo ia Nieiaee, a “NEII” –
Nieiaaoeeee eaaa?ue iniaiai iacia/aiey (a 1937 aiaeo aai
ia?aeiaiotho a “NOII” – Nieiaaoeeay oth?ueia iniaiai iacia/aiey,
eioi?ay i?inouanoaoao aei inaie o?eaeoeaoue aeaayoiai).
Ii ainiiieiaieyi caeeth/aiiuo, aiiaue i?eauaoea i?ioiaeeee
oieceoaeueioth “ia?aaioeo”, nii?iaiaeaeaaioth neiaaie “Caiiiie,
neioeia, caeanue aeanoue – ia niaaoneay, caeanue aeanoue –
nieiaaoeeay. Iiaa i?ieo?i?a caeanue ia nooiaea, oaa aeaai, oaa
ai?aai – n/eoaaony iiaaa…”.
Ia neo/aeii a ea?oeia “Aica?auaiea Iaaea Oei?aineiai” ooaeiaeiee
ecia?acee eicoia “Niaaoneay aeanoue ia ea?aao, a eni?aaeyao”. Yoi
aeaenoaeoaeueii auei ia/a?oaii ia noaia Naaaaoueaaneiai neeoa.
A oeaio?a oienoa iu aeaeei ?aoaoeo ieia i?aaeaea
Niani-I?aia?aaeaineiai niai?a, a ca iae iiianou?neoth eieieieueith 1777
aiaea, aunioie 57 iao?ia. Eieieieueiy caaa?oaeanue oieeai n e?anoii. A
1934 aiaeo ii ?anii?yaeaieth ia/aeueieea eaaa?y Aeieo?ey Oniaineiai
caeeth/aiiuie aue ainnoaiiaeai eoiie e iaae iei onoaiiaeai eiion
(oieeue), oaai/aiiue iieooi?aiao?iaie caacaeie, ecaioiaeaiiie ec
iaoaeee/aneiai oaieea. Oanoue eao iacaae caacaea auea niyoa. ?yaeii n
eieieieueiae a ieia iu aeaeei e?ano, eioi?ue eae au caaenaao iaae
ocieeii, aoiaeyuei a O?ai e iaeiia?aiaiii auoiaeyuei ec noaiu iaoae
enoi?e/aneie iaiyoe.
I?aaay ?oea ocieea i?eeiaaia e nieiaaoeeie /aeea, eioi?ay eae au
auoaneeaaao aai ec noaiu caaaaiey. Yoio neiaie iiyaeeny ia neo/aeii.
Aeaei a oii, /oi a 20-a aiaeu eoeueoo?ii-ainieoaoaeueiie /anoueth
eaaa?y ecaeaaaeny aeey oae iacuaaaiiai aioo?aiiaai oiio?aaeaiey aeo?iae
“Nieiaaoeeea ino?iaa” n /aeeie ia iaeiaeea. A aeo?iaea ia/aoaee,
noeoe, i/a?ee e aeaaea ?iiaiu n i?iaeieaeaieai. Aaoi?aie auee…
caeeth/aiiua… Aieaa oiai.
A I?aia?aaeaineii niai?a n ieoya?y 1923 aiaea ?aaioae oaao? “aeey
aioo?aiiaai oiio?aaeaiey”. Ia caiaaana yoiai oaao?a auea oiaea
ecia?aaeaia nieiaaoeeay /aeea. Aeoa?aie oiaea auee caeeth/aiiua.
Nouanoaiaaea a “NEIIa” e aeaeeioaea. A naieo ainiiieiaieyo
i?ioanni? TH. E. *e?eia ieoao, /oi a aeaeeioaea a ia/aea 1936 aiaea
/eneeeinue nauoa 1800 eiaeeaeaeoaeueiuo aaiiaioia, /oi iniai aeoeaiuo
/eoaoaeae auei ieiei aeaoonio (…). Yoi auee i?ioanni?a, aeaaeaieee,
ecaanoiua aeayoaee. Iaeiaei ana o/aiua, eae ioia/aao TH. E. *e?eia,
ioaeaaaee iaeueio ia?aainoaa Iaaeo Aeaenaiae?iae/o Oei?aineiio,
aaieaeueiiio iaoaiaoeeo, oeieeo, eiaeaia?o, oeeinioo, aiaineiao e
i?ioiea?ath.
A eaia?a, aaea aeee Oei?aineee, ia ooiai/ea o e?iaaoe noiyee
oioia?aoee aai aeeceeo. Ia?aae niii, iinea iieeoau ii ianeieueei
ieioo niio?ae ia yoe oioia?aoee, eae au aeaeay ?iaeiui niieieiie ii/e.
Ienueia Oei?aineiai naiuea ec Nieiaeia naeaeaoaeuenoaotho i aac?iiioiii
ioaeanoaa iuneeoaey, noaeueaa eioi?iai ieacaeanue noiaeiie n noaeueaie
iaeiiai ec aai eaeaeiuo i?aaeeia – Nie?aoa. Aio e ia ea?oeia
“Aica?auaiea Iaaea Oei?aineiai” aai eeoei ia inaauaii anoanoaaiiui
naaoii, a eae au eceo/aao naao ecioo?e.
“Iaaae Oei?aineee,- ioia/aao aeaaeaiee Ae. N. Eeoa/aa,-
neiaeeaoeeny eae iuneeoaeue a n?aaea neeyiey eoeueoo? ?onneie e
eaaeacneie, aa?iiaeneie e ia?iaeiie, naaoneie e oea?eiaiie, –
iaeei ec ia?auo aicaanoee ?onneie eioaeeeaaioeee i aeaaeueiinoe
aacaeooiaiiai iooe. E oi, /oi iaoa a?aiy ia?aoeeinue e enoieai e
?iaeieeai ?onneie eoeueoo?u e aeooiaiinoe, e iieneai aa/iuo enoei,
naeaeaoaeuenoaoao, /oi I.A.Oei?aineee aue i?aa a naieo i?icc?aieyo.
Aai n?aaieaatho n Eaiia?aei aea Aei/e, A.Ianeaeai. Yoi aiai?eo
i oii, /oi Oei?aineee – yaeaiea ia oieueei ?onneie, ii e
ie?iaie eoeueoo?u.
Iaeiaei o I. A. Oei?aineiai anoue /a?oa, eioi?ay aeaeaao aai
i?aeiouanoaaiii ?onneei iuneeoaeai. Eae o anyeiai ?onneiai
iuneeoaey, neiai I. A. Oei?aineiai anaaaea eneaei iii?u a
ooaa?aeaeaiee naay /a?ac yaeaiey aeecie, a aiieiuaiee, a aeaea.
Yoi, ianiiiaiii, iaino?eei e naeaeaei iaecaaaeiui
o?aae/aneee eiiaoe aeecie I.A.Oei?aineiai”.
Eiaiii iiyoiio a aa?oiae /anoe ea?oeiu “Aica?auaiea Iaaea
Oei?aineiai” iu aeaeei acaeyae Aiaiiaoa?e I?aiou, iieiue
aeoai/aeoae, aacia?iie aioo?aiiae nei?ae, ii?aaeathuee naiae
/enoioie e /aeiaa/iinoueth. Yoio ooaeiaeanoaaiiue ia?ac
iiiyoai, iaaa?iia, eaaeaeiio.
Iiiaeanoai ai?yueo naa/ae aieco neiaieece?otho aeooe
aacaeiii oie/oiaeaiiuo “a?aaia ia?iaea”, ?anno?aeyiiuo e
oie/oiaeaiiuo a eaaa?yo ieeeeiiia ethaeae, ?ac?ooaiiua
iaiyoieee eoeueoo?u…
Нашли опечатку? Выделите и нажмите CTRL+Enter
