Iaonoianeee E.A.
Ei?ioei i naaa
?iaeeeny y a 1892 aiaeo a Iineaa, a A?aiaoiii ia?aoeea, a naiuea
aeaaeaciiaei?iaeiiai noaoenoeea.
Ioaoe iie, ianiio?y ia i?ioanneth, o?aaiaaaooth o?acaiai acaeyaea ia
aaue, aue iaeni?aaeiui ia/oaoaeai. Ii ia auiinee ieeaeeo oyainoae e
caaio. I/aaeaeii, ec-ca yoeo naieo naienoa ioaoe aeieai ia oaeeaaeny ia
iaeiii ianoa.
Iinea Iineau ii neoaeee a Ineiaa, a Aeeueii e, iaeiiaoe, aieaa eee iaiaa
i?i/ii inae a Eeaaa, ia THai-Caiaaeiie aeaeaciie aei?iaa.
Iiy iaoue – aei/ue neoaeauaai ia naoa?iii caaiaea – auea aeaiueiie
aeanoiie e iaeaneiaie. Anth aeeciue iia aea?aeaeanue “oaa?aeuo
acaeyaeia”, naiaeeaoeony i?aeiouanoaaiii e caaea/ai ainieoaiey aeaoae.
Iaeaneiainoue aa auea iaioneiay. Iaoue auea oaaaeaeaia, /oi oieueei i?e
no?iaii e no?iaii ia?auaiee n aeaoueie iiaeii au?anoeoue ec ieo “/oi –
ieaoaeue iooiia”.
Naiuey iaoa auea aieueoay e ?aciiia?aciay, neeiiiay e caiyoeyi
eneonnoaii. A naiuea iiiai iaee, ea?aee ia ?iyea, aeaaiaiaaeii ethaeee
oaao?. Aei neo ii? y oiaeo a oaao?, eae ia i?acaeiee.
O/eeny y a Eeaaa, a eeanne/aneie aeiiacee. Iaoaio auioneo iiaacei: o ian
auee oi?ioea o/eoaey oae iacuaaaiuo “aoiaieoa?iuo iaoe”- ?onneie
neiaaniinoe, enoi?ee e ineoieiaee. Eeoa?aoo?o iu ciaee e ethaeee e,
eiia/ii, aieueoa a?aiaie o?aoeee ia /oaiea eiea, iaaeaee ia
i?eaioiaeaiea o?ieia.
Eo/oei a?aiaiai – ii?ie aacoaea?aeiuo ia/oaiee, oaea/aiee e aanniiiuo
ii/ae – auea eeaaneay aania, ineaieoaeueiay e iaaeiay aania Oe?aeiu. Iia
oiioea a ?inenoie ne?aie, a /ooue eeieie ia?aie caeaie eeaaneeo naaeia,
a caiaoa oiiiea e ?iciauo naa/ao noa?uo eaooaiia.
A oaeea aaniu iaeuecy auei ia aethaeyoueny a aeiiacenoie n oyaeaeuie
einaie e ia ienaoue noeoia. E y ienae eo aac anyeiai oaea?aeo, ii
aeaa-o?e noeoioai?aiey a aeaiue.
A iaoae naiuea, ii oiaaeaoiaio a?aiaie n/eoaaoaeny ia?aaeiaie e
eeaa?aeueiie, iiiai aiai?eee i ia?iaea, ii iiae?acoiaaaee iiae iei
i?aeiouanoaaiii e?anoueyi. I ?aai/eo, i i?ieaoa?eaoa aiai?eee ?aaeei. A
oi a?aiy i?e neiaa “i?ieaoa?eao” y i?aaenoaaeye naaa ia?iiiua e aeuiiua
caaiaeu – Iooeeianeee, Iaooianeee e Eaei?neee,- eae aoaeoi aanue ?onneee
?aai/ee eeann aue nia?ai oieueei a Iaoa?ao?aa e eiaiii ia yoeo caaiaeao.
Eiaaea y aue a oanoii eeanna, naiuey iaoa ?aniaeanue, e n oao ii? y nai
aeieaeai aue ca?aaaouaaoue naaa ia aeeciue e o/aiuea.
Ia?aaeaaeny y aeiaieueii oyaeaeui o?oaeii, oae iacuaaaiui
?aiaoeoi?noaii.
A iineaaeiai eeanna aeiiacee y iaienae ia?aue ?anneac e iaia/aoae aai a
eeaaneii eeoa?aoo?iii aeo?iaea “Iaie”. Yoi auei, ianeieueei y iiiith, a
1911 aiaeo.
N oao ii? ?aoaiea noaoue ienaoaeai caaeaaeaei iiie oae e?aiei, /oi y
ia/ae iiae/eiyoue naith aeeciue yoie aaeeinoaaiiie oeaee.
A 1912 aiaeo y ieii/ee aeiiaceth, aeaa aiaea i?iaue a Eeaaneii
oieaa?neoaoa e ?aaioae e ceio e eaoi ana oai aea ?aiaoeoi?ii, aa?iaa,
aeiiaoiei o/eoaeai.
E oiio a?aiaie y oaea aeiaieueii iiiai iiacaeee ii no?aia (o iooea auee
aanieaoiua aeaeaciiaei?iaeiua aeeaou).
A 1914 aiaeo y ia?aaaeny a Iineianeee oieaa?neoao e ia?aaoae a Iineao.
Ia/aeanue ia?aay ie?iaay aieia. Iaiy eae ieaaeoaai nuia a naiuea a
a?ieth ii oiaaeaoiei caeiiai ia acyee.
Oea aieia, e iaaiciiaeii auei neaeaoue ia neo/iiaaouo oieaa?neoaoneeo
eaeoeeyo. ss oiieeny a oiueie iineianeie eaa?oe?a e ?aaeny ia?oaeo, a
aouo aeecie, i eioi?ie oae iaei ciae.
ss i?eno?anoeeny a oi a?aiy e iineianeei o?aeoe?ai. Oai ca iyoue eiiaae
iiaeii auei caeacaoue “ia?o /ay” e naaeaoue aanue aeaiue a ethaeneii
aiiiia, caiia /aoae e a?yoeathuai a?ioioa “iaoeiu” – i?eano?eiia.
O?aeoe?u auee ia?iaeiuie nai?euaie. Eiai oieueei y oai ia ano?a/ae!
Ecaic/eeia, TH?iaeeauo, e?anoueyi, ?aai/eo, oienoiaoeaa, iiei/ieoe,
oeuaai, aaeioaaae, ?aianeaiieeia, nooaeaioia, i?inoeoooie e ai?iaeaouo
nieaeao – “iiie/aioeaa”.
Oiaaea o iaiy oaea nic?aei ?aoaiea inoaaeoue ia a?aiy ienaiea ooiaiiuo
naieo ?anneacia e “oeoe a aeeciue”.
ss ainiieueciaaeny ia?aie aea aiciiaeiinoueth au?aaoueny ec neoaeiiai
naiaai aeiiaoiaai iaeoiaea e iinooiee aiaeaoui ia iineianeee o?aiaae.
Iicaeiae inaiueth 1914 aiaea a Iineaa ia/aee oi?ie?iaaoue ianeieueei
oueiauo naieoa?iuo iiacaeia. ss ooae n o?aiaay e iinooiee naieoa?ii ia
iaeei ec yoeo iiacaeia.
Iu a?aee ?aiaiuo a Iineaa e ?acaiceee eo ii aeoaieei oueiaui ai?iaeai.
Oiaaea y aia?aua ociae e anai na?aeoeai e iaanaaaea iiethaee n?aaeithth
iieino ?innee n aa ieceei e, eae oiaaea iia eacaeinue, ne?ioeeauie, ii
ieeuie iaaanaie, n iiei/iui aeuieii aea?aaaiue, eaieaui eieieieueiui
caiiii, iicaieaie e ne?eiii ?icaaeueiae, iaeeieanueai e oiaaiaeaiiuie
ai?iaeaie – ss?ineaaeai, Ieaeiei Iiaai?iaeii, A?caianii, Oaiaiaii,
Neiae?neii e Naia?ie.
Ai a?aiy ?aaiou ia naieoa?iii iiacaea y neuoae io ?aiaiuo iiiaeanoai
caia/aoaeueiuo ?anneacia e ?acaiai?ia ii any/aneei iiaiaeai.
A 1915 aiaeo anth iaoo nooaeai/aneoth eiiaiaeo ia?aaaee n oueiaiai
iiacaea ia iieaaie. Oaia?ue iu a?aee ?aiaiuo aaeece ianoa aiaa, a
Iieueoa e Aaeeoeee, e ioaiceee eo a Aiiaeue e Eeaa.
Inaiueth 1915 aiaea y ia?aoae n iiacaea a iieaaie naieoa?iue io?yae e
i?ioae n iei aeeeiiue iooue ionooieaiey io Ethaeeia a Iieueoa aei
ai?iaeea Ianaeaea a Aaei?onnee.
A io?yaea ec iiiaaoaainy iia canaeaiiiai ia?uaea aacaou y ociae, /oi a
iaeei e oio aea aeaiue auee oaeou ia ?aciuo o?iioao aeaa iieo a?aoa. ss
inoaeny o iaoa?e niaa?oaiii iaeei, e?iia iieoneaiie e aieueiie iiae
nano?u.
ss aa?ioeny e iaoa?e, ii aeieai ia niia auneaeaoue a Iineaa e niiaa
ia/ae naith neeoaeue/aneoth aeeciue.
Oaa?aeueneay ?aaiethoeey canoaea iaiy a aeooii ai?iaeea Ao?aiiaa auaoae
Ooeueneie aoaa?iee.
ss oio/an oaoae a Iineao, aaea oaea oee ooiiua ieoeiae ia anao
ia?ae?anoeao, ii aeaaiui ia?acii ieiei iaiyoieeia Iooeeio e Neiaaeaao.
ss ia/ae ?aaioaoue ?aii?oa?ii a aacaoao, ia niae e ia ae, iineeny ii
ieoeiaai e aia?aua iiciaeiieeny n aeaoiy ienaoaeyie – ae?oaii *aoiaa
Aeey?ianeei, e ia/eiathuei ienaoaeai – aieaa?ai sseiaeaaui.
Iinea Ieoya?ueneie ?aaiethoeee e ia?aacaea Niaaoneiai i?aaeoaeuenoaa a
Iineao y /anoi auaae ia canaaeaieyo OeEEa, ianeieueei ?ac neuoae Eaieia,
aue naeaeaoaeai anao niauoee a Iineaa a oi iaauaaeia, iieiaeia e ao?iia
a?aiy.
Iioii iiyoue neeoaiey ii thao no?aiu, niiaa Eeaa, neoaeaa a E?aniie
A?iee a ea?aoeueiii iieeo, aie ni anyeeie ioiaouie aoaiaiaie.
Ec Eeaaa y oaoae a Iaeanno, ia/ae ?aaioaoue oai a aacaoa “Ii?ye” –
iiaeaeoe, naiie i?eaeiaeueiie ec anao oiaaeaoieo niaaoneeo aacao. Iia
ia/aoaeanue ia iai?ioa ?aciioeaaoiuo eenoia io /aeiuo aaiaea?ieae.
A Iaeanna y aia?aua iiiae a n?aaeo iieiaeuo ienaoaeae. N?aaee
nio?oaeieeia “Ii?yea” auee Eaoaaa, Eeueo, Aaa?eoeeee, Oaiaaee, Eaa
Neaaei, Aaaaeue, Aiae?ae Niaieue, Naiai Ee?naiia e aeaaea i?anoa?aeue
ienaoaeue THoeaae/.
A Iaeanna y aeee o naiiai ii?y, e iiiai ienae, ii aua ia ia/aoaeny,
n/eoay, /oi aua ia aeiaeeny oiaiey iaeaaeaaaoue ethaui iaoa?eaeii e
aeai?ii.
Anei?a iiith niiaa iaeaaeaea “ioca aeaeueieo no?ainoaee”. ss oaoae ec
Iaeannu, aeee a Noooia, a Aaooie, a Oaeeene, aue a Y?eaaie, Aaeo e
Aeaeoeueoa, iiea, iaeiiaoe, ia aa?ioeny a Iineao.
Ianeieueei eao y ?aaioae a Iineaa ?aaeaeoi?ii ?INOa e oaea ia/ae a?aiy
io a?aiaie ia/aoaoueny.
Ia?aie iiae eieaie aue nai?iee ?anneacia “Ano?a/iua ei?aaee”.
Ii/oe eaaeaeay iiy eieaa – yoi iiacaeea. Eee, aa?iaa, eaaeaeay iiacaeea
– yoi eieaa.
Iinea iiacaeee a Iioe y iaienae “Eieoeaeo”, iinea eco/aiey aa?aaia
*a?iiii?uey – “*a?iia ii?a”, iinea aeecie a Ea?aeee e a Iao?icaaiaenea –
“Noaeueao Oa?ey Eiinaaeey” e “Ica?iue o?iio”.
Ai a?aiy Aaeeeie Ioa/anoaaiiie aieiu y aue aiaiiui ei??aniiiaeaioii ia
THaeiii o?iioa e oiaea ecuacaeee iiiaeanoai iano.
O eaaeaeiai ienaoaey naiy iaia?a aeeoue e ienaoue. *oi eanaaony iaiy,
oi aeey ieiaeioai?iie ?aaiou iia ioaeii aeaa aaue: iiacaeee ii no?aia e
nin?aaeioi/aiiinoue.
A iineaaiaiiua aiaeu y iiiai acaeee ii Caiaaeo, – aue a Iieueoa,
*aoineiaaeee, Aieaa?ee, Oo?oeee, Eoaeee – aeee ia ino?iaa Eai?e, a
Oo?eia, ?eia, a Ia?eaea e ia thaa O?aioeee – a Aaeiueiia e A?ea. Aue a
Aiaeee, Aaeueaee – a A?thnnaea e Inoaiaea, – Aieeaiaeee, Oaaoeee e
ieiioiaeii aua a ae?oaeo no?aiao.
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