Ciuaiei Ieoaee Ieoaeeiae/ [29.7 (10.8).1895, Iaoa?ao?a, –
22.7.1958, Eaieia?aae), ?onneee niaaoneee ienaoaeue-naoe?ee. Aoaeo/e
nooaeaioii th?eaee/aneiai oaeoeueoaoa Iaoa?ao?aneiai oieaa?neoaoa, ooae
aeia?iaieueoeai ia o?iio 1-e ie?iaie aieiu 1914 – 18. Aue ?aiai e
aeaiiaeeeciaai a /eia ooaan-eaieoaia. A 1918 anooiee aeia?iaieueoeai a
E?anioth A?ieth. Ia/aoaoueny ia/ae a 1922. I?eiaaeeaaeae e eeoa?aoo?iie
a?oiia ” Na?aieiiiau a?aouey “. Ia?aay eieaa 3iuaiei ” ?anneacu Iaca?a
Eeuee/a, ainiiaeeia Neiaa?thoiaa” (1922) e iineaaeiaaaoea ca iae
?anneacu i?eianee aaoi?o oe?ieoth ecaanoiinoue. A ieo io eeoea aa?iy
?anneac/eea iiaanoaoaony i iauaiao, iuoathueony inaieoueny a iiauo
oneiaeyo, oaa?aiiuo a oii, /oi ?aaiethoeey niaa?oeeanue, /oiau
iaania/eoue ei aania/aeueiia nouanoaiaaiea. *anoi aaoi?
i?ioeaiiinoaaeyao aeoiinoe, a?oainoe e yaiecio naieo “aa?iaa” ia/ou i
naaoeii ae?oaeaethaee e aeooaaiie oiieinoe, eaeeie aoaeoo i?iieeioou
ioiioaiey iaaeaeo ethaeueie a aoaeouai (?anneacu “No?aaeaiey Aa?oa?a”,
1933, “Iaie aieueoiaia ai?iaea”, 1936, e ae?.).
Cia/eoaeueiia ianoi a oai?/anoaa 3iuaiei caieiatho oaeueaoiiu, a
eioi?uo ienaoaeue iaiin?aaenoaaiii ioeeeeaaony ia ?aaeueiua niauoey
aeiy. Ciuaiei i?eiaaeeaaeao oaeaea e?oiiua i?iecaaaeaiey, ?aciiia?aciua
ii aeai?o e iaia?a iiaanoaiaaiey; iiaanoe ” Ieoaeue Neiyaei ” (1930), ”
Aica?auaiiay iieiaeinoue ” (1933), ” Aieoaay eieaa ” (1934), ” Ea?aineee
” (1937), ” Oa?an Oaa/aiei ” (1939), a oaeaea iueanu naoe?e/aneiai
oa?aeoa?a: ” Ia?oneiiaue ii?ooaeue ” (1939) e ” Ionoue iaoaea/iee iea/ao
” (1946). Iaeioi?ua i?iecaaaeaiey Ciuaiei (iiaanoue ” Ia?aae ainoiaeii
nieioea “, 1943, e ae?.) iiaeaa?aeenue ?aceie e?eoeea a ia/aoe. Ia?aaae
iiaanoe oeineiai ienaoaey Iaeth Eanneea ” Ca nie/eaie ” e ” Aeaaaeaeu
?iaeaeaiiue “. Eieae 3iuaiei iiiaie?aoii ia?aecaeaaaeenue,
ia?aaiaeeeenue ia eiino?aiiua ycuee. Iaa?aaeaeai i?aeaiii O?oaeiaiai
E?aniiai Ciaiaie e iaaeaeyie.
Ia aeieth Ieoaeea Ieoaeeiae/a Ciuaiei auiaea neaaa, ?aaeeay aeey
/aeiaaea eeoa?aoo?iie i?ioannee. Aio iiiaaeiaeeinue anaai eeoue o?e-
/aou?a aiaea ?aaiou, /oiau a iaeei i?ae?aniue aeaiue aae?oa iuooeoue
naay ciaiaieoui ia oieueei a ienaoaeueneeo e?oaao, ii e a niaa?oaiii ia
iiaeaeathuaeny o/aoo ianna /eoaoaeae. AEo?iaeu inia?eaaee i?aai
ia/aoaoue aai iiaua ?anneacu. Aai eieae, iaeia iia?aaeay ae?oaoth,
ecaeaaaeenue e ia?aecaeaaaeenue /ooue ee ia ai anao ecaeaoaeuenoaao, a
iiiaa ia i?eeaaie, ?aneoiaeenue n iieieaiiniie auno?ioie. Ni anao
yno?aaeiuo iiaeiinoeia iiae ainoi?aeaiiue niao ioaeeee /eoaee Ciuaiei.
Naie ia?aue ?anneac Ciuaiei iioaeeeiaae a 1921 aiaeo, a oaea /a?ac
aeanyoue eao, eiaaea ii aue aua ia aeaeaeii iiaeoiaea e naiei aeaaiui
eieaai, aeaaaeaeu oniaei aueoe oanoeoiiiia nia?aiea aai ni/eiaiee.
Neaaa oiaeeea ca Ciuaiei ii iyoai. E ia?aaeei a naiii i?yiii niunea.
Ii/oaeueii i?eiinee aio ia/ee ienai. Aio iacaaieaaee ii oaeaoiio, ia
aeaaaee i?ioiaeo ia oeeoeao. Aai ociaaaee a o?aiaayo, inaaeaeaee a
ainoieoeao. Aai iaiiaaiii ” canaeaee ” aacaea, aaea au ii ie iiyaeyeny,
e, /oi- au oaa?a/ue naay io iacieeeauo ii/eoaoaeae, ii, auacaeay ec
Eaieia?aaea, aue auioaeaeai iiae/an ne?uaaoueny iiae /oaeie oaieeeae. (A
oi aea a?aiy Ieoaeeo Ieoaeeiae/o ?anneacuaaee e ienaee, /oi ii aei?iaai
no?aiu a?iaeeo ianeieueei a?aaeaeai, auaeaaaaoeo naay ca ienaoaey
Ciuaiei.) Aea, neaaa Ciuaiei auea iaauaaeie aeey iaoae eeoa?aoo?u. Ii
/ai aa iauynieoue? *ai iauynieoue, /oi ia eieae Cioaiei, ii au?aaeaieth
E. *oeianeiai, n eaaeaeui aiaeii ana aic?anoae e aic?anoae ” iaianuoiue
/eoaoaeueneee ni?in ” ?
Iaeiineiaeiue ioaao caeanue ia aiaeeony. Ii aeieaeai neaaaoueny ec
oeaeiai ?yaea iiiaioia, eanathueony eae naiiai ienaoaey, oae e a?aiaie,
eiaaea Ciuaiei ia/ae ienaoue.
Ii ?iaeeeny a Iaoa?ao?aa, a naiuea iaaiaaoiai
ooaeiaeieea-ia?aaeaeaeieea Ieoaeea Eaaiiae/a Ciuaiei e Aeaiu Eineoiaiu
No?eiie, ca aeiiaoieie caaioaie oniaaaaoae ienaoue e ia/aoaoue ?anneacu
ec aeecie aaaeiuo ethaeae a aacaoa ” Eiiaeea “. N ?aiiaai aic?anoa, a
iniaaiii iinea nia?oe iooea (iaeue/eeo auei 12 eao), eiaaea Aeaia
Eineoiaia, no?aaeay io oieaeaiey, iaeaaea ii?iae i?enoonoaaiiuo iano n
i?inueaie i iiniaee aeey naieo ainueia?uo aeaoae, aoaeouee ienaoaeue
oaea io/aoeeai oyniee, /oi ie?, a eioi?ii aio aeiaaeinue ?iaeeouny,
ono?iai iani?aaaaeeeai, e i?e ia?aie aea aiciiaeiinoe ioi?aaeeny yoio
iani?aaaaeeeaue ie? eco/aoue. Ii aua aeiiacenoii ia/oae i ienaoaeuenoaa
– e aio ca iaaciin ieaou aai auaiaee ec oieaa?neoaoa; ioaeai ee aieaa
aaneee i?aaeeia aeey ooiaea ec aeiia – ” a ethaee ” ?
Eiio?iea? iiacaeia ia aeaeaciiaei?iaeiie eeiee Eeneiaiaene –
Ieia?aeueiua Aiaeu; a ieiiao 1914 aiaea – eiiaiaee? acaiaea, i?aii?uee,
a a eaioi Oaa?aeueneie ?aaiethoeee – eiiaiaee? aaoaeueiia, ?aiaiue,
io?aaeaiiue aacaie, eaaaea? /aou?ao aiaauo i?aeaiia, ooaan-eaieoai; i?e
A?aiaiiii i?aaeoaeuenoaa – ia/aeueiee ii/o e oaeaa?aoa, eiiaiaeaio
Aeaaiiai ii/oaioa a Iao?ia?aaea; iinea Ieoya?ueneie ?aaiethoeee –
iia?aie/iee a No?aeueia, E?iiooaaeoa, caoai aeia?iaieueoeai i?eoaaeoee
a E?anioth A?ieth eiiaiaee? ioeaiaoiie eiiaiaeu e iieeiaie aaeuthoaio ia
Ia?aneii o?iioa; iinea aeaiiaeeecaoeee (aieaciue na?aeoea, ii?ie,
i?eia?aoaiiue a ?acoeueoaoa io?aaeaiey aacaie) – aaaio oaieiaiiai
?icunea a Iao?ia?aaea, eino?oeoi? ii e?ieeeiaiaenoao e eo?iaiaenoao a
niaoica Iaiueeiai Niieaineie aoaa?iee, ieeeoeeiia? a Eeaiaa, niiaa a
noieeoea – naiiaeiee, eiioi?uee e iiiiuiee aooaaeoa?a a Iao?ia?aaeneii
ii?oo.
Aio ia?a/aiue oiai, eai aue e /oi aeaeae Ciuaiei, eoaea a?inaea aai
aeeciue, i?aaeaea /ai nae ii ca ienaoaeueneee noie. Yoio ia?a/aiue
iaiaoiaeei. Ca nooeie no?i/eaie ciuaieianeie aieaou i?iaeyaeuaaaony
a?aiy, eioi?ia naaiaeiy iu ni?aaaaeeeai n/eoaai iaiiaoi?eii aicauoaiiui
e aaeeeei, ii eioi?ia aeey iiiaeo aeeaoueo oiaaea ethaeae auei a?aiaiai
ianeuoaiiuo eniuoaiee, a?aiaiai aieiaea, oeoa e aac?aaioeoeu.
Ciuaiei aeaeae yoeo ethaeae, aa?eeny a naiie eo aoua. Ii oioae ociaoue,
eae aeeaao e /ai aeuoeo i?ioaaeoee /a?ac iiiaiaaeiaia ?aanoai aai
ia?iae, e ii yoi ociae: ca ianeieueei eao neeoaiee ii oaeaeae e oneuoae
noieueei, neieueei a niieieiia, iaoi?iieeaia a?aiy ieeiaaea au ia
oaeaeae e ia oneuoae aeaaea ca iyoueaeanyo eao. Ii aue ia ?aaeeinoue
aini?eei/ea e /oaeiio ia?aco iuneae, /oi ia oieueei iiiiaei aio
?acia?aoueny a ?aciuo oi/eao c?aiey ia i?ienoiaeyuoth a no?aia
nioeeaeueioth eiieo, ii e aeaei aiciiaeiinoue iinoe/ue i?aau e
oeeinioeth oeeoeu.
E ia ii oiaeee ii ethaeyi n ea?aiaeaoii. Naie ethaee, ?anoaeeeaay ae?oa
ae?oaa, iaia?aaie ?aaeenue e iaio ia ea?aiaeao. Yoe ethaee noaioo
aa?iyie aai eeoa?aoo?u. Ii aoaeao o/eoue eo niayoueny iaae naieie niaie
e yoei niaoii iono?aiyoueny io naay i?aaeieo, Ii nae/an iie auee aai
o/eoaeyie. E ie o/eee aai io ieo ia iono?aiyoueny.
Ciuaiei aue /aeiaaeii n aieueiie, ia ciaaoae iieiy niaanoueth. Aai
i?aneaaeiaaee no?aoiua aeaeaiey, auianaiiua ei ec aeecie oeeoeu, e, oioy
ii, eacaeinue au, ia aeieaeai aue /oanoaiaaoue ia?aae iath aeiu, ii
io/eeny io niciaiey, /oi aeiiaao oaea oai, /oi ?iaeeeny ia /enouo
i?inouiyo. Ii i?eiye a naia na?aeoea yoo aaeeeoth aieue e iin/eoae naay
iiaeeeciaaiiui ia neoaeaiea ” aaaeiiio ” (eae iicaea ii aai iaciaao)
/aeiaaeo.
Yoio ” aaaeiue ” /aeiaae ieeoeaoai?ye niaie oeaeue /aeiaa/aneee ieano
oiaaeaoiae ?innee. Aaeaie aicaiaeeiue iani?aaaaeeeaue nioeeaeueiue
oeeaae, ec iaae? eioi?iai au?aaea yoiai /aeiaaea ?aaiethoeey, aeooiaii
aai iaie?ae, iaaeaeee, iaaaeiee aai iiieiaieai i?ienoiaeyueo a aeecie
i?ioeannia. Ia aai aeacao ?aaiethoeey i?aaei?eieiaea oeoaie/aneea
oneeey, /oiau iieii/eoue n iineaaiaiiie ?ac?ooie. Iia ia oieueei ea/eea
?aiu ia ecio/aiiii oaea no?aiu, ii oaea ia/oaea caeeoue ai?iaea e naea
yeaeo?e/aneei naaoii. *oiau inouanoaeoue yoo ia/oo, iaiaoiaeei aue
niciaoaeueiue o?oae ieeeeiiia ethaeae, a ” aaaeiue ” /aeiaae ana neeu
naie e yia?aeth ca/anooth o?aoee ia ai?ueao n ?aciiai ?iaea iaeeeie
aeeoaeneeie iao?yaeeoeaie. Ii ia iiieiae, /oi, caiyoue naieie ee/iuie
eioa?anaie, ia i?eaeeaeaao a?aiy oie aeecie, i eioi?ie ia/oae, a
ioaeaeyao aai.
Aai nieia i?iaeaaeanue iiae a?ocii ii?aeueii ioaeeaoeo, ii aua ia
oo?aoeaoeo neeo ia?aaeeoeia niaoaiiiai ?aaiethoeeae i?ioeiai. Iaeiaei
naaeeoue n naay yoio a?oc nai ii ia iia. Ii iaoeiio ii?aaeaeaieth A.
Oeeianeiai, Ciuaiei ienae i /aeiaaea, eioi?ue ” aeeaao a aaeeeia a?aiy,
a aieueoa anaai icaai/ai aiaeii?iaiaeii, eaiaeecaoeeae e eiiaeeaie.
*aeiaae ca ioni?ii ia aeaeeo eana “.
Aio iaaei auei ioe?uoue aeaca. A ?aoaiee yoie caaea/e e oaeaeae
Ciuaiei naia iacia/aiea… E ia/aeo aeaaaeoeaouo aiaeia iioiae ca
ioi?aaiui aeey eeoa?aoo?iiai o?oaea iaoa?eaeii iiaeioae e eiioeo:
Ciuaiei aeaaeae ciaieai aeecie, caaio, aeooiaiuo e auoiauo eioa?ania
naiaai aoaeouaai aa?iy. E, /oi iniaaiii aaaeii, aeaaeae aai ycueii.
Yoio ycue, neiaii i?i?aaa aaeaie aea?aeaaooth aai ieioeio, caoiiee
oiaaea aiecaeu e ieiuaaee, i?enoonoaaiiua ianoa e ?uiee, caeu aeey
oaao?aeueiuo i?aaenoaaeaiee e oieueei /oi o/?aaeaeaiiua eiiioiaeueiua
aeiia. Yoi aue iaecaanoiue eeoa?aoo?a, a iioiio ia eiaaoee naiaai
i?aaiienaiey ycue. Ii aue a?oa, iaoeethae, aanoieeia, ii – caoueae eee
ia caoueae ooe – ii nouanoaiaae. AEeaie, iai?eaeoiaiiue, nai niaith
neiaeeaoeeny, ionoue neoaeiue ii eeoa?aoo?iui ia?eai, a ana-oaee –
oiaea! – ?onneee ycue.
Aeaeaei ia eaaeaeue, aeaaea i/aiue oi?ioee ienaoaeue, iiciaaoee aeeciue
i?inoiai ia?iaea e caaeaaoeeny oeaeueth naiei o?oaeii i?eianoe aio
?aaeueioth iiiiuue, niiniaai nionoeoueny n eeoa?aoo?iuo aunio e
caaiai?eoue n ethaeueie, i eioi?uo e aeey eiai ii ieoao, ia eo
iianaaeiaaiii, iiiyoiii ei ycuea e a oie aea oiiaeueiinoe, a eaeie
aiai?yo iie iaaeaeo niaie a iauaeaiiie aeey naay ianoaiiaea: a naiuea,
ia ?aaioa, a o?aiaaa.
Ciuaiei aue iaaeaeai aaniethoiui neooii e aeanoyuae iaiyoueth. Ca
aiaeu, i?iaaaeaiiua a aoua ” aaaeiuo ” ethaeae, ii noiae i?iieeiooue a
oaeio eo ?acaiai?iie eiino?oeoeee, noiae ia?aiyoue eioiiaoeeth eo ?a/e,
eo au?aaeaiey, iai?iou, neiaa/ee – ii aei oiieinoe eco/ee yoio ycue e
oaea n ia?auo oaaia a eeoa?aoo?a noae iieueciaaoueny ei eaaei e
iai?eioaeaeaiii, aoaeoi yoio ycue – aai nianoaaiiue, e?iaiue, aieoaiiue
n iieieii iaoa?e.
Ii neiaai /eoay ciuaieianeea ?anneacu, ia/eiathuee /eoaoaeue aeoiae,
/oi aaoi? – naie, aeeaouee oaeie aea, eae e ii nai, i?inoie aeeciueth,
iacaiuneiaaoue /aeiaae, eaeeo ” a eaaeaeii o?aiaaa ii aeanyoue oooe
aaeoo “.
Ia yoii aio aiai?eei aoeaaeueii ana a ni/eiaieyo ienaoaey. E ianoi,
aaea ” ?acai?a/eaaeanue enoi?ey ” i/a?aaeiiai ?anneaca; aeaeo, eooiy,
aaiy, oio aea o?aiaae – ana oaeia ciaeiiia, nai?, aeeoaenee i?eau/iia.
E naia ” enoi?ey “: ae?aea a eiiioiaeueiie eaa?oe?a ec-ca aeaoeoeeoiiai
aaeeea, a?oiaea n aoiaaeiuie iiia?eaie a aaia ca a?eaaiiee, neo/ae ia
o?ainii?oa, eiaaea o iannaaee?a /aiiaeai ” nia?ee”, – aaoi? eae aoaeoi
oae e oi?/eo ca nieiie /aeiaaea; ana-oi ii aeaeeo, ana-oi ii aiaao, ii
ia ai?aeeony – aio, iie, y ciath, a ou iao, — ia aiciineony iaae
ie?oaeathueie. E aeaaiia – ” a?aiioii ” ieoao, ia oiie/aao, ana /enoi
?onneea, ” iaoo?aeueiua, iiiyoiua neiaa “.
Yoi iineaaeiaa ieii/aoaeueii oniieaeaaei /eoaoaey. A /ai ae?oaii, a aio
ooo – acai?aaaeo oiaao /aeiaae ii-i?inoiio ?acaiaa?eaaoue eee oieueei
iiaeeaaeeaaaony – ii anaaaea ?acaa?aony. E ii ?acia?aeny: Ciuaiei
iieiaeeoaeueii naie, iiaeaioa caeanue iao. Aaeaie neiaeeaoaany
iaaeiaa?ea ” aaaeiiai ” /aeiaaea e noiyuei auoa ia iauanoaaiiie
eanoieoea iieo/eei caeanue iaeio ec naiuo iuooeiuo naieo i?iaiei. Yoio
/aeiaae iiaa?ee ienaoaeth. E yoi auei aaeeeei eeoa?aoo?iui
aeinoeaeaieai Ciuaiei.
Ia noiae ii caaiai?eoue ia ycuea iann, ia ciaee a iu naaiaeiy oaeiai
ienaoaey.
Ciuaiei ienae i naiai ycuea: ” ss ieoo i/aiue naeaoi. O?aca o iaiy
ei?ioeay. Aeinooiiay aaaeiui. Iiaeao auoue, iiyoiio o iaiy iiiai
/eoaoaeae “. Naeaoia ienueii, ei?ioeay o?aca – aio, ieacuaaaony, a /?i
nae?ao iaauaaeiai oniaoa aai eeoa?aoo?u. Ia iaei ee aeey oaeiai oniaoa?
Ia iaei. Anee i?eiyoue ai aieiaiea oio ” aicaeoo “, eioi?ue niaea?aeao
yoe ei?ioeea o?acu.
*oi aea iiieiaoue iiae aicaeooii, eioi?ue, eae aiai?ee Ciuaiei, ii
enneaaeiaaiey. Ii i?eiaieoaeueii e iaoaio ?acaiai?o ioaao iiaeii
oeiaeeoue a ianeieueei no?ie. ” Aicaeoo ” – yoi a?iiaaeiay ?aaioa
Ciuaiei iaae ia?aaiaeii i?inoi?a/iiai aiai?a a ?onei eeoa?aoo?iiai
ycuea.
Yoio ycue aue niae?aoaeueiui; ii aia?ae a naay ana naiia oa?aeoa?iia,
naiia y?eia ec i?inoiai ycuea iann e a ioaeaoii, eiioeaio?e?iaaiiii
aeaea auoae ia no?aieoeu ciuaieianeeo ?anneacia. Oiaaea-oi e noae ii
eeoa?aoo?iui ycueii – iaiiaoi?eiui neacii ia?iaeiiai ienaoaey Ciuaiei.
Ii aeey ia/eiathuaai /eoaoaey ana yoi auei aei aaciaaeaaeiinoe neiaeii
aea e, ii nooe, ia aaaeii. Ciuaiei ienae ia iiiyoiii aio ycuea. Aio /oi
auei aeey iaai aaaeii!
E aio /oi aua ia iaiaa aaaeiia, /ai ciaiea anao iaei/ae aai aeecie e
aai ycuea. Yoio eae n iaaa naaeeaoeeny ia iaai ienaoaeue eacaeny
eneeth/eoaeueii aanaeui, aeecia?aaeinoiui, iaoiuaathuei /aeiaaeii.
Ieeaeea i?aa?aoiinoe noaeueau ia a neeao auee noeaeoue aai aa?iy n ?ac e
iaanaaaea caiyoie ei aiae?ie iiceoeee.
An? aio ieii/ai. E oi, /oi iaeia a?aaeaeaii/ea i?e iiiioe ie?iaeiuo
ia?aae anae oaao?aeueiie ioaeeeie aai in?aieea. E oi, /oi ” aaeaeo
e?ecena ” i?eoeinue aio n ” iieiaeaiueeie aeia?iaeooiie noi?oaie “,
aeeoai e oauae a aaiiie eiiiaoa i?iaeeaaoue. E oi, /oi a eiiiaiee ineoia
aeiaaeinue aio eae-oi ?ac aoaoue a iaeiii eoia – e iiyoue ie/aai,
auiooaeny. Iieiaeaoe yoio naiue Ciuaiei! Ianiio?y ia oaeea aio ia?aiua
iio?ynaiey ni noi?iiu aeeciaiiuo ianoiyoaeuenoa, iienuaaao aiae?i –
aeeaioeee iaaei?aaoue…
Niao Ciuaiei, ii-naiaio iiiyoue ia/eiathuei /eoaoaeai, ne?aoeaae aai
o?oaeioth aeeciue e anaeye iaaeaaeaeo, /oi ana a eiia/iii eoiaa
iaa?iaony e eo/oaio. Niaynue aei oiaaeo iaae ciuaieianeeie ?anneacaie,
a eioi?uo ana auei ” aieay i?aaaea “, yoio /eoaoaeue aue aeoaiei
oaaaeaeai, /oi aa?ie-?anneac/ee ia eoi eiie, eae nianoaaiiie ia?niiie
ienaoaeue Ciuaiei. Aai oyioei e yoiio aanaeiio, iaoiuaathuaio /aeiaaeo.
Iioiio-oi ii e aiiyeny ca iei, /anaie aunoaeaae a iiaeai?ioia aai
aeiia, o?acaiiee ii oaeaoiio. Ana oioae ociaoue-?anni?ineoue, eae aea
oiio oaeaaony neaicue ana ” ianeuoaiiua eniuoaiey ” e ” oaea?u noaeueau
” i?iianoe e eaaeinoue oa?aeoa?a, e aanaeinoue, e i?inoie acaeyae ia
aaue…
Ii o?e e Ciuaiei ca ?aoeaioii. Eae aieueiie e aeieoi?o. Ii ” aeieoi? ”
ecaaaae i?eieiaoue ” aieueiuo “. O iaai aue nianai ia eaaeee oa?aeoa?.
Ii aue iaeiiaueoaeueiue e i/aiue iaaanaeue /aeiaae, ni neiaeiui
ioiioaieai e aeecie. E ie/oi ia naaoa aai oae ia oae?o/aei, eae oi, /oi
ethaee niathony /eoay aai ?anneacu. Ii n/eoae, /oi ia niayoueny iaae
ieie iaaei, a ieaeaoue.
Ciuaiei aue aa?iui iineaaeiaaoaeai aiaieaaneiai iai?aaeaiey a ?onneie
eeoa?aoo?a. Anee aieiaoaeueii aneooeaaoueny a aai niao, iao?oaeii
oeiaeoue, /oi aaccaaioii-oooeeaua iioee yaeythony oieuei eeoue oiiii
aeey iio aiee e ai?a/e.
Ca aiaoiae iai?eoycaoaeueiinoueth oiai eee eiiai ?anneaca, eioi?ue ia
ia?aue, iiaa?oiinoiue acaeyae iia iieacaoueny e iaeeei ii oaia e
ionoyeiaui ii iunee, ca anaie aai oooi/eaie, ino?ioaie e eo?ueacaie,
i?ecaaiiuie, eacaeinue au, oieueei iiaanaeeoue ” oaaaeaaiuo a?aaeaeai “,
o iaai anaaaea oaeeanue ac?ua/aoie neeu ino?iianouiay, aeeaay i?iaeaia
aeiy.
Yoeo i?iaeai a iiea c?aiey Ciuaiei anaaaea iaoiaeeeinue aaeeeia
iiiaeanoai – e oao, eioi?ua oieueei /oi cayaeee i naiai ?iaeaeaiee, e
oao, eioi?ua oaea ia?aee ?aaeueiua eiioo?u. E a ?aciia a?aiy, ii anaaaea
oi/ii ei a?aiaie, eiaaea oa eee eiay iaa?aaoay neeo i?iaeaia oaea ia
eiaea aeaeaa i?aaa inoaaaoueny iaiiaeiaaeci?iie, Ciuaiei, iaeneiaeueii
aii?oaeaiiue ciaieai i?aaeiaoa, ienae naie i/a?aaeiie ?anneac. E
iiiaaeae, eae i?aaeei, a naioth oi/eo.
O iaai auei iniaia /oouea ia iaeaeoea eieaaaiey e ia?aiaaeu a
iauanoaaiiie aoiinoa?a. Ii aacioeai/ii aa?ii oeaaeeaae aeeciaiii aeaaiue
aii?in, eiaiii oio, /oi eae ?ac naaiaeiy anoaaye ia?aae iannie ethaeae.
Oae, a ioaeiue iiiaio iiyaeyeenue aai ?anneacu i aeeeeuiii e?ecena,
i?eiyaoai oa?iaeathuea ?acia?u a na?aaeeia aeaaaeoeaouo aiaeia; i
?aaiiaeooee eeoe, a /uee i?yiua iaycaiiinoe aoiaeeea caaioa i
aeaaiono?ienoaa ethaeae; ia aaeieieno?aoeaiuo ia?aaeaao, ath?ie?aoecia,
aieieeoa, acyoi/ie/anoaa e iiiaii, iiiaii ae?oaii, n /ai i?eoiaeeeinue
noaeeeaaoueny ethaeyi a iianaaeiaaiii auoo.
Ni neiaii ” auo ” naycaii iiiyoea ” iauaaoaeue “. Anoue onoiyaoaany
iiaiea, /oi ciuaieianeay naoe?a auniaeaaea e ?aciaea/aea iauaaoaey. *oi
Ciuaiei aunoaaee ia ioaee/iia iaic?aiea eneeth/eoaeueiue ii naiae
iooaeeeaathuae au?aceoaeueiinoe aai ii?o?ao, /oiau iiii/ue ?aaiethoeee
oi/iaa ii?aaeaeeoue oeaeue, ii eioi?ie iaiaoiaeeii aanoe ianne?iaaiiue
iaiiue.
Ia ia?aue acaeyae yoi oae. Ii i?ecaaeoiaainy… I?aaeaea anaai eoi
oaeie yoio naiue iauaaoaeue? Ciuaiei n/eoae, /oi a /enoii aeaea oaeie
/aeiaa/aneie eaoaai?ee iao. Anoue /aeiaae – iineoaeue oao eee eiuo
iauaaoaeueneeo /a?o. Yoe /a?ou anoue a eaaeaeii /aeiaaea. Oieueei o
iaeiiai eo iaiueoa, o ae?oaiai – aieueoa. ” ss niaaeeiyth yoe
oa?aeoa?iua, /anoi caoooaaaiiua /a?ou a iaeiii aa?ia, e oiaaea aa?ie
noaiiaeony iai ciaeiiui e aaea-oi aeaeaiiui “, – ienae Ciuaiei.
Ii auniaeaae iauaaoaeueneea /a?ou a /aeiaaea, a ia naiiai /aeiaaea.
*aeiaae-iauaaoaeue a aai i?aaenoaaeaiee aue oeao?ie ieoe/aneie,
ianouanoaothuae. Aoaeue oi eia/a, iai i?eoeinue au neacaoue, /oi
iauaaoaeue e ciuaieianeee ” aaaeiue ” /aeiaae – iaeii e oi aea eeoei.
Eai aa?ie aieueoeinoaa naoe?e/aneeo ?anneacia Ciuaiei – eiaiii ” aaaeiua
” ethaee. Ii yoi i?ioeai?a/eei au anaio, /oi iu ciaai i Ciuaiei e aai
eeoa?aoo?a.
Naieie ?anneacaie Ciuaiei eae au i?ecuaae ia ai?ioueny n ethaeueie –
iineoaeyie iauaaoaeueneeo /a?o, a iiiiaaoue ei io yoeo iauaaoaeueneeo
/a?o ecaaaeyoueny. E aua – ianeieueei aiciiaeii – iaeaa/eoue eo caaiou
ii ono?ienoao niiniiai auoa, aeey /aai no?iai ni?aoeaaoue n oao, /uea
?aaiiaeooea, /aainoai e ceioiio?aaeaiea aeanoueth iiae?uaatho e aac
oiai aua ia ie?aiooth aa?o ethaeae a a?yaeouoth iiaoth aeeciue.
Aio ii eaeiio iooe aeieaeia aanoenue ai?ueaa n iauaaoaeueueiie. Aio
aaea iaaei eneaoue enoiee oeaeaiai?aaeaiiinoe ciuaieianeie naoe?u.
Iiioey?iinoue Ciuaiei a /eoaoaeueneeo iannao iu naycaee oieueei n aai
?anneacaie. E yoi ii?aaaeaiii. Ciuaiei ia/eiaeny n ?anneaca. Aai ?anneac
noiae au?aaoueny ec e?oaa iinoiyiii /eoathuae ioaeeee e i?iaee iooe e
ethaeyi, oieueei /oi iinoeaoei i?aioae?inoe aoeaa?y. Eiaiii caeanue
e?iaony ia?aii?e/eia i?eoaaeoae e Ciuaiei iienoeia ananithciie
ecaanoiinoe. Ii oio aea /eoaoaeue, eioi?ue ociae e iiethaee Ciuaiei eae
?anneac/eea, aue iaaeiaieai, /oi ienaoaeue n aiaeaie ana /aua e /aua
ia/aoaao aeeeiiua iiaanoe, a ca ?anneacu aa?aony ?aaeei, aea e ia i/aiue
iioiaee yoe ?anneacu ia oa, ciaiaieoua, oaea ii ia?aui o?acai eioi?uo
aac ioeaee iiaeii auei ii?aaeaeeoue: Ciuaiei. *eoaoaeue oioae, /oiau
Ciuaiei aa?ioeny e oiio, n /aai ia/ae. Ii Ciuaiei oaea aa?iooueny ia
iia.
A ?anoeaaoa neaau ii ioioae io oiai, /ai aue neaaai. Ii auei au iaeaii
aai ca yoi inoaeaeaoue. Ii ene?aiia aa?ee, /oi, eciaiea ” eo?n
eeoa?aoo?iiai ei?aaey “, i?eianao aua aieueooth iieueco ” a oie ai?ueaa,
eaeoth aaaeao iaoa no?aia ca nioeeaeeci “. Oaea a aeaaaeoeaoua aiaeu,
neiaii i?aaeaeaey aoaeouaa eciaiaiea eo?na e i?iaa?yy naie, oae
neacaoue, iaaeaaoi?neea aiciiaeiinoe, Ciuaiei nicaeae oeeee
“Naioeiaioaeueiuo iiaanoae”, a eioi?uo n a?onoiie e?iieae iiaaaeae i
ethaeyo oae iacuaaaiie n?aaeiae eioaeeeaaioneie i?ineieee, iioa?yaoeo
oi/eo iii?u ia ia?aeiia yiio. E ia oieueei aa?ie – naia oi?ia yoeo
iiaanoae (noeeue, ycue, neiaa?iue ninoaa) ?acei ioee/aeanue io anaai,
/oi iaiieiyei ooaeiaeanoaaiioth no?oeoo?o ?anneacia.
I?i/eoaa iaeio ec yoeo iiaanoae (” No?aoiay ii/ue “), I. Ai?ueeee,
ia?auo aeiae i?eno?anoii neaaeeaoee ca ?inoii naiaai ” e?anoieea ”
(/a?ac aai ?oee i?ioee i?aeoe/anei ana ?aiiea i?iecaaaeaiey Ciuaiii),
ienae: ” Anee iineaaeiee (Ciuaiei) inoaiiaeony ia eca?aiiii ei ycuea
?anneaca, oaeoaeo aai e ?anoe?eo, iaaa?iia, iiaeii neacaoue, /oi ii
nicaeano aaue i?eaeiaeueiaeoea. E aua: ” No?aoiay ii/ue ” canoaaeyao
aeaeaoue i/aiue ” aieueoeo ” eiea io Ciuaiee “.
Ai?ueeee ia ioeany. Ca ” Naioeiaioaeueiuie iiaanoyie ” iineaaeiaaee
oaeea aieueoea eieae, eae ” Ienueia e ienaoaeth “, ” Aica?auaiiay
iieiaeinoue “, ” Aieoaay eieaa “, ” Ia?aae ainoiaeii nieioea ” (”
Iiaaaea ?acoia “). Aea, Ciuaiei e?ooi eciaiee eo?n naiaai ”
eeoa?aoo?iiai ei?aaey”. Naoe?e/aneay iai?aaeaiiinoue a aai iicaeieo
aauao ana /aua e ana caiaoiaa noaea iieo/aoue, eae au neacaoue,
iaceaeaoaeueioth, ii?aeecaoi?neoth ” i?ei?aao “, a ioaeaeueiua
i?iecaaaeaiey (” Iaie aieueoiai ai?iaea “, ” Iaeaea ” e ae?.) cao/aee
eae i?aanoaaiiua i?iiiaaaee. Ii aeaaea ioaaaeeeny ia ia?aaeaeeo naieo
noa?uo – ciaiaieouo – ?anneacia, caaaaeiii ciay, /oi anee e ia aoaeo eo
ieii/aoaeueii, oi oae, ai anyeii neo/aa, nieaeaao eo ooaeiaeanoaaiioth
oeaiiinoue. Ii i/aiue no?aaeae, aeaeae i?eianoea aio neaao ?anneacu. Ii
oeaeue – ii aue oaaaeaeai – aeieaeia auea ii?aaaeaoue cao?a/aiiua ia aa
aeinoeaeaiea n?aaenoaa…
17 oaa?aey 1939 aiaea a E?aiea I. E. Eaeeiei a?o/ee ienaoaeth Ieoaeeo
Ciuaiei i?aeai O?oaeiaiai E?aniiai Ciaiaie. Nia?aiaiiay Ciuaiei
e?eoeea, aeaaea naiay ae?oaeaethaiay, ia?aaeei iauyniyea iaaeaeaiioth
iiioey?iinoue ciuaieianeie eeoa?aoo?u aa aani?eia?iie
?acaeaeaoaeueiinoueth, a neaao naiiai Ciuaiei a oe?ieeo iannao ethaeae
?anoeaieaaea eae neaao iai?aacieaeaiiiai, ii ana aea… neiii?ioa,
aaeaao?a e ino?yea, iaae i?ieacaie e aeinoaeeie ?inneaciyie eioi?iai
oioue e niathony aei eieee, iaeiaei naiiai niaoioai?oea ia oaaaeatho,
ioiinyony e iaio n iaii/oeoaeueiinoueth e i?ac?aieai.
Ii n auniou iaoaai a?aiaie iaeee Ciuaiei – ienaoaey e /aeiaaea –
auaeyaeeo niaa?oaiii eia/a. Ciuaiei inoaaee iai aieaa ouny/e ?anneacia e
oaeueaoiiia, iiaanoe, iueanu, eeiinoeaia?ee, e?eoe/aneea noaouee e
iiiaia ae?oaia – anaai ieiei noa o?eaeoeaoe eiea auoei i?e aai aeecie.
?acae?aynue a aai ianeaaeee, aeoiay iaae iei, iu, eiia/ii aea, aniiiiei
Aiaiey, Naeoueiaa Uaae?eia, *aoiaa e, aua ?ac iiaeeaeaoenue oiio, neieue
noieee e iaoayaeaaiu o?aaeeoeee eeanne/aneie ?onneie naoe?u, aaea niao
ieeiaaea ia aue niaoii noi?iiiaai, aaea ca aiaoia aanaeie oi?iie anaaaea
noiyei eaeouaa io na?aea/iie aiee a?aaeaeaineia niaea?aeaiea, iu
iaieioaii i?eaeai e iunee, /oi Ciuaiei ec yoiai ?yaea, /oi ii, eae e aai
aaeeeea i?aaeoanoaaiieee, aaccaaaoii aa?ee a aoaeouaa naiaai ia?iaea, a
aai oi, o?oaeiethaea e niiniaiinoue, i?eno?anoii a naay caaeyioa,
?annoaoueny n oai, /oi iaoaao aai enoi?e/aneiio aeaeaeaieth.
Ii aue enoeiiue nui naiae aaeeeie caiee. E iioiio ia aiooaeny naiie
/a?iie ia iae ?aaiou. Ii aue oaaaeaeai a aa ianouiie iaiaoiaeeiinoe e
yoi naia oaaaeaeaiea ioaeanoaaiii i?iian /a?ac anth aeeciue.
Enoi/ieee:
Aieueoay Niaaoneay Yioeeeeiiaaeey, no. “Ciuaiei I.I.”
“Niao Ieoaeea Ciuaiei” TH. Oiiaoaaneee
“Eae y iioae n?aaeaoueny ca Niaaoneoth aeanoue” I.Ciuaiei
“Aioieiaey ?onneiai niaaoneiai ?anneaca.” Nino. TH.Iaaeaei
?aoa?ao ii oaia “Aeia?aoey I.I. CIUAIEI”
?aoa?ao ii oaia “Aeia?aoey I.I. CIUAIEI”
PAGE 6 Aaeaioei Ii?icia, 11-A eeann
PAGE 5 Aaeaioei Ii?icia, 11-A eeann
?aoa?ao ii oaia “Aeia?aoey I.I. Ciuaiei”
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