Eiino?aiiia aeeyiea a ?inneeneie enoi?ee
ss ?aoee ?anniio?aoue yoo oaio, iioiio /oi e?iia anoanoaaiiiai ?acaeoey
n oa/aieai a?aiaie, iaoa eoeueoo?a, aeeciue iaiyeanue iiae aiaoiei
aicaeaenoaeai. Ii iiaio iiaieth, eiaiii ie?iua acaeiiioiioaiey ia?iaeia
aaaeoo e yoiio i?ioeanno, aieiu aea iaaeaeo ieie nei?aa i?eaiaeyo e
ia?aoiui ?acoeueoaoai.
N/eoaaony, /oi ?inneeneay ainoaea?noaaiiinoue ia/aeanue n i?ecaaiey
Aa?yaia ia ?onue. Yoi niauoea ioe?uaaao /a?aaeo eiino?aiiuo yeniainee a
?innee.
Aa?yae auee ia ?one n naiiai a? iniiaaiey e inoaaaeenue oai a iaeioi?ii
eiee/anoaa aei eiioea XII aaea. Ii aieueoae /anoe iie neoaeeee
ae?oaeeiieeaie o eiycae.
Oiaaea aea o ?one/ae auee iaoe?iua nayce n Aecaioeae. Yoi auei n ia/aea
?inneeneiai ainoaea?noaa e aei ?acaaea Aecaioeeneie eiia?ee.
A ioee/ea io aa?yaia, eioi?ua aieueoa eiaee ioiioaiey e ?aoiui aeaeai,
aecaioeeoeu auee iineaioeaie eoeueoo?u e ?aeeaee. Aaaeue eiaiii
Aecaioeeneia O?enoeainoai auei i?eianaii ia ?onue. Iniaaiii ecaanoiu ec
ieo Ee?eee e Iaoiaeee, Oaioai A?ae e ae?oaea.
Iaeiaei aieiu n Aecaioeae aaeenue n ec?yaeiie ia?eiaee/iinoueth.
Ia i?ioyaeaiee aeinoaoi/ii aeeeoaeueiiai ia?eiaea naiae enoi?ee, ?one
iinoiyiii oa?iaea iaaaae io noaiiuo ia?iaeia: oaca?, ia/aiaaia,
iieiaoeaa. Yoi, a naith i/a?aaeue, iaeuecy ia iacaaoue na?ue?ciui
aicaeaenoaeai ia ?inneeneoth enoi?eth.
N iaeiie noi?iiu, aieia ia nianai oi, /oi y oioae io?aceoue a naiae
?aaioa, ii aeinoaoi/ii aniiiieoue, /oi a aeoaa ia ?aea Eaeea i?ioea
iiiaiei-oaoa? thaeii?onneea eiycuey aunooiaee aianoa ni noaiiyeaie,
eioi?ua ia ieo eiaaea-oi iaiaaeaee. Yoio oaeo n?aco aea iieacuaaao, /oi
acaeiiaeaenoaea yoi ia auei eeoue aiaiiui, ii e ii?aaeae?iii eiaei
iaeoth ie?ioth iniiao.
Ii anae aeaeeiinoe, a ia?eiaeu, iiea ia niaa?oaeenue iaaaae, iaaeaeo
?one/aie e ei/aaieeaie oea oi?aiaey.
Neaaeothuee ianooaaiue ia?eiae eiino?aiiiai aeeyiey ia ?inneeneoth
enoi?eth naycai n oaoa?i-iiiaieueneei iaoanoaeai. Iii ia/aeinue n aeoau
ia ?aea Eaeea (31 iay 1223 aiaea) e caeii/eeinue noiyieai ia ?aea Oa?a
(1480 aiae). I?iaeeeaoenue ii/oe 300 eao, iii ia iiaei ia iiaeeyoue ia
iiiaea aniaeou ?onneie aeecie, ia niio?y ia oi, /oi iiiaieu ia
noa?aeenue aiaae?youe naie ii?yaeee e iau/ae.
Nouanoaoao aa?ney, /oi iinea yoiai ia inoaeinue ie iaeiiai ?onneiai aac
oioy au eaiee noaiiie e?iae.
Ia?aeeaeueii n iiiaieaie ia ?onue iaiaaeaee ?uoea?e Eeaiineiai e
Oaaoiineiai i?aeaia. Ii e?iia iaiaaeaiee, iie neeie ia?auaee aeeoaeae
Ineiaa a eaoiee/anoai e aiiaua aeinoaoi/ii neeueii aeeyee ia oio ?aaeii.
Iinea ecaiaiey iiiaiei-oaoa?, ia ?one ia auei eae-oi iiiai eiino?aioeaa
ec ii?aaeae?iiuo iano – a iniiaiii yoi auee eoioeu, eioi?ua e oiio aea
ia?aaeei aica?auaeenue ia naith ?iaeeio.
Caoi ?onue noaea aeoeaii ?anoe?youeny a ainoi/iii iai?aaeaiee ia
aaniethoii iaecaaaeaiiua caiee, anoanoaaiii, ano?a/ay o naay ia iooe an?
iiaua ia?iaeu. Iiaeii n/eoaoue, /oi yoi ia/aeinue n iioiaea ss?iaea.
Iiiaea n/eoatho, /oi n i?eoiaeii e aeanoe Iao?a I oie?aao enoeiii
?onneay eoeueoo?a, caiai?iiay ia caiaaeiiaa?iiaeneoth. Ia naiii aeaea,
au? a naiii ia/aea i?aaeaiey ?iiaiiauo auea iieiaeaia oaeay oaiaeaioeey,
aaaeue I?o? a iieiaeinoe i?iaiaeee iiiai a?aiaie a iaiaoeeie neiaiaea,
eioi?ay, iaaei caiaoeoue, oaea nouanoaiaaea.
Ii iaeuecy ia niaeaneoueny n oai, /oi, niaa?oay naie i?aia?aciaaiey,
I?o?, i?eieiay ?aoaiea i?eaeaneoue a ?inneth aieueoia eiee/anoai
eiino?aiiuo niaoeeaeenoia, iio?e a yoii aeaeueoa inoaeueiuo, /oi
aiineaaenoaee i?eaaei e oiio, /oi e neaaeothuea iinea iaai iiia?oe
aieioue aei na?aaeeiu XIX aaea i?iaeieaeaee yoei caieiaoueny.
Iiyoiio ia oa??eoi?ee ?innee e ii nae aeaiue i?iaeeaaao aeinoaoi/ii
aieueoia eiee/anoai iaioeaa, eioi?ua, iaaei neacaoue, oaea aeaaii
anneieee?iaaeenue, ii an? aea nio?aieee iaeioi?ua oa?aeoa?iua aeey ieo
/a?ou iaioaeeoaoa.
Inaiaiea iiauo ainoi/iuo caiaeue, ia eiaaoeo eae oaeiaie
ainoaea?noaaiiinoe, caeii/eeinue oiaea aaea-oi a na?aaeeia-eiioea.
Eiiaoe XIX . N Aa?iiie onoaiaaeeaathony i?i/iua yeiiiie/aneea nayce,
iieeoe/aneea e eoeueoo?iua nayce.
N onoaiiaeaieai «Aeanoe Niaaoia» a?aieoeu iaoaai ainoaea?noaa noaee
i?aeoe/anee iai?iieoeaaiu, iiyoiio yoio io?acie a?aiaie iiaeii
auaeaeeoue eae i?aeoe/anee iieiia ionoonoaea ?aaoey?iuo eiioaeoia
iaaeaeo iaoae no?aiie e inoaeueiui ie?ii.
N ?acaaeii NNN?, a?aieoeu noaee aiiaue ioe?uou. Ni a?aiaiai iaoe auaoea
niioa/anoaaiieee iioyioeenue a ?inneth a iieneao ?aaiou eee aeaaea a
iaaeaaeaea ia?aa?aoueny ianianai.
Io?eoeaoue yoi iaaiciiaeii, ionoue iaeioi?ui yoi e ia i?aaeony, ii yoe
ethaee aeaenoaeoaeueii aeeytho ia iaoo no?aio e yeiiiie/anee, e
eoeueoo?ii, e aeaiia?aoe/anee.
Oioy, ?acaeoea oaoiieiaee noaei aeinoaoi/iui aeaaea aeey oiai, /oiau
«caa?aieoea» iiaea ieacuaaoue aeeyiea, aeaaea ia i?eacaeay ee/ii.
Ia?eiaeecaoeey
I ?aiiaa ainoaea?noai ?one/ae, nayce n aa?yaaie, aecaioeeoeaie, noaiiuie
ia?iaeaie.(862-1223aa.)
II ?acae?iaeaiiinoue. Iiiaiei-oaoa?neia eai, oaaoiineea
?uoea?e.(1223-1480aa.)
III a. Aeoeaiia ?anoe?aiea Iineianeiai eiyaeanoaa. «Caoeouea» a
ioiioaieyo n eiino?aioeaie (1480-1581aa.)
III a. ?inneeneia oea?noai. Ia/aei inaiaiey Neae?e.(1581-1685aa.)
IV I?eoiae e aeanoe ?iiaiiauo. Ia/aei i?eacaea eiino?aiiuo niaoeeaeenoia
ec Aa?iiu.(1613a.-na?aaeeia XIX aaea)
V ?inneeneay eiia?ey. I?i/ii onoaiiaeaoeany nayce n Aa?iiie, ainoi/iua e
naaa?i-ainoi/iua «aeeeea» ?aeiiu i?eniaaeeiaiu.(eiiaoe XIX aaea)
VI NNN?. Ii/oe iieiia ionoonoaea eiioaeoia. (1918-1991aa.)
VII ?inneeneay oaaea?aoeey. Oii?ii eaeouee i?ioeann aeiaaeecaoeee,
ia/aei noe?aiey eoeueoo?iuo a?aieoe, i?iaeieaeaiea acaeiiioiioaiee n
auaoeie NN?, ii a iiauo oi?iao. (1991a.-…).
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