O?ainoa Oaiiieueii.
E?aoeay aaoiaeia?aoey.
A ia/aea 1790 aiaea aeaia AEaea Oaiiieueiia eaaeaea iieiinoueth
ia?aeeciaaiiie. A?a/e ioeacaeenue io ea/aiey, n/eoay, /oi aeie aa
ni/oaiu. Oiaaea AEae i?ecaae ia iiiiuue ianoiiai ciaoa?y-eieaeoia ii
eiaie AEaeo. Eieaeoi i?eeacae iieiaeeoue aieueioth ia ?acia?aoua
oeaeaaiua o?aau e aeae ae auieoue ai?y/aai ianoiy, iauyaea i?e yoii (yoi
iio?ynei anao i?enoonoaothueo), /oi iia aucaei?iaaao e ?iaeeo ieaaeaioea
eioi?ue iie?iao naay iaia?eiouae neaaie.
Ia o?aoee aeaiue aieueiay anoaea ia iiae , a 23 aeaeaa?y 1790 aiaea o
iaa ?iaeeeny nui – AEai O?ainoa Oaiiieueii – /aeiaae, eioi?iio oaeaeinue
?anoeo?iaaoue aaeiaoneea ea?iaeeou. Oae naueenue iaa i?aaeneacaiey.
O?ainoa o/eeny ieioi, ec-ca yoiai a 1801 aiaeo aai noa?oee a?ao oaiceo
iaeue/eea e naaa a A?aiiaeue. Anei?a Oeaeae caiaoee, /oi iaeue/ee
iaeaaeaao oaeeaeoaeueiuie niiniaiinoyie. Ii i?iyaeye i?inoi
oaioanoe/aneea niiniaiinoe e ycueai e e aeaaiaaeoeaoe aiaeai naiaiaeii
ciae eaoeineee e a?a/aneee, a iaiiiai iicaea e ae?aaiaaa?aeneee.
A oii aea aiaeo, aoaeo/e a ainoyo o ciaiaieoiai Oo?uea, ii aia?aua
oaeaeae aaeiaoneea ea?iaeeou.
“Yoiai ieeoi ia iiaeao i?i/anoue” – neacae ciaiaieoue o/aiue.
“ss i?i/oo yoi, eiaaea au?anoo” – ioaaoee thiue Oaiiieueii e n oao ii?
yoi noaei aai ia/oie.
O?ainoa eco/aao ana ae?aaiea ycuee, oioue ioaeaeaiii iaiiieiathuea
ae?aaiaaaeiaoneee. Ii oii?ii eco/aao ana iaoa?eaeu, naycaiiua n
Aaeioii. Eaoii 1807 aiaea, naiiaaeoeaoe eao io?iaeo, ii auioneaao eieao
“Aaeiao i?e oa?aiiao”, ca /oi aai aaeeiiaeanii 1 naioya?y 1807 aiaea
ecae?atho /eaiii A?aiiaeueneie aeaaeaiee.
Iinea yoiai ii ia?aacaeaao a Ia?eae e oeaeeeii iia?oaeaaony a ?aaioo.
A Ia?eaea, i?e niaeaenoaee Oo?uea, O?ainoa eco/aao iaoiaeee,
i?eaacaiiua ec aaeiaoneie yeniaaeeoeee Iaiieaiia. Aai aieiaiea
i?eaeaeaao eaiaiue, iaeaeaiiue i?e ?uouea o?aioae a ?icaooa. Enneaaeoy
yoo oaeinoaaiioth eaiaiioth ieeoo, Oaiiieueii ieaaeoee i?eoiaeeo e
auaiaeo, /oi eaiaiue yaeyaony eeth/ii e ?acaaaeea ienueiaiiinoe
ae?aaiaai Aaeioa. O?e iaaeiene, naeaeaiiua ia eaiia a ae?aaiaa?a/aneii,
aeaiioe/aneii e ea?iaeeoe/aneii oi?iaoa, auee eaeaioe/iu ii
niaea?aeaieth.
Ia?aue oniao i?eoae a 1808 aiaeo, O?ainoa oaeaeinue ?acaaaeaoue
ianeieueei ciaeia. Ii ?aaioae, eae iaea?aeeiue, ii 17 /ania a nooee .
Iaeiaei, noaniaiiue a n?aaenoaao, aeeay a oieiaeiie eaa?oe?a, ii
caaieae. A?ao ianoiyoaeueii i?ineo aai ia?aaoaoue ia?aoii a A?aiiaeue.
Aaniie a 1809 aiaeo O?ainoa aica?auaaony, a 10 ethey 1809 aiaea aue
iacia/ai i?ioanni?ii enoi?ee a A?aiiaeueneee oieaa?neoao.
Ii ieoao aieueoia eiee/anoai noaoae e o?oaeia, iinayuaiiuo ae?aaiaio
Aaeioo. Iaeiaei aieia n?uaaao aai ieaiu. Iinoiyiiua i?iaeaiu
i?iaeieaeaee i?aneaaeiaaoue iieiaeiai o/aiiai. Io iai?yaeaiiie ?aaiou
oooaeoaeinue aai caei?iauea, iaeiaei ii oii?ii i?iaeieaeae ?aaioo ii
?anoeo?iaea oaenoa.
I?i?ua ianooiee, eiaaea Oaiiieueii iiiye, /oi ea?iaeeou – yoi neiaa. Ia
aoaeo/e aeoaaeoiuie, ea?iaeeoe/aneea ?enoiee auee neiaiauie!
Ii i?iaeaeaaeny ana aeaeueoa e aeaeueoa. Ieii/aoaeueioth oi/eo a ?aoaiee
caaaaeee o/aiue iinoaaee iinea yeniaaeeoeee a Aaeiao. Yoa yeniaaeeoeey
i?iaeieaeaaoayny n ethey 1828 aiaea ii aeaeaa?ue 1829 aiaea, auea
iienoeia aai o?eoioaeueiui oanoaeai. Iaeiiai acaeyaea auei aeinoaoi/ii
Oaiiieueiio, /oiau i?i/anoue oaenou auna/aiiua ia ae?aaieo noaiao. Ii
eeanneoeoee?oao iino?ieee ii ia?eiaeai, /eoaao iiiai/eneaiiua
ae?aaiaaaeiaoneea oaenou.
Oaiiieueii i?aaenoaaee anth naith ?aaioo ii i?eacaeo a Ia?eae ia?aae
niaoeeaeueiie eiienneae. Iaeiaei o?iaaiue e noaiaiue i?aaenoaaeaiiuo
iaoa?eaeia auee ianoieueei a?aiaeeiciu, /oi eiienney ni/ea eo
oaioanoe/aneeie e iaaiciiaeiuie. ?aaioa Oaiiieueiia oea a ?ac?ac ni
neiaeeaoeieny iiaieyie e noa?aioeiaie i ae?aaiai Aaeioa e aai
ienueiaiiinoe.
O/aiue neii/aeny o?e aiaea nionoy. Nia?oue aai auea i?aaeaeaa?aiaiiie
aeey iieiaeie iaoee aaeioieiaee. Ii oia? neeoeii ?aii e ia oaeaeae
i?eciaiey naieo caneoa. Eeoue a 1866 aiaeo aue iaeaeai Eaiiiineee
o?aouycu/iue aeae?ao, iiaeoaa?aeeaoee i?aaioo O?ainoa Oaiiieueiia.
A a 1896 aiaeo a ?a/e Ea Iaae ?aiooa, ia?aae ei?ieaaneei iao/iui
iauanoaii a Eiiaeiia, Oaiiieueii aue i?eciai aaee/aeoei o/aiui
aaeioieiaii nia?aiaiiinoe. Yoi neo/eeinue /a?ac oanoueaeanyo /aou?a
aiaea iinea aai nia?oe.
Nienie eeoa?aoo?u:
A. A. Aeaanei, A. E. Aiaea?, E. N. Naaioeeoeeay.
“Enoi?ey ae?aaiaai ie?a”. Iineaa, ecae.“I?inaauaiea”.
E. E. Ea?ai “Aiae, a?iaieoeu, o/aiua”.
Hamburg – Naieo-Iaoa?ao?a ecae. “EYI” 1995.
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