Iaune. Auaiea. Iaeiaeaiea a?anoa ia ii/oiai-oaeaa?aoiua ioi?aaeaiey.
Eiio?ieue e caienue ia?aaiai?ia
Aaaaeaiea
Oniao a ?anneaaeiaaiee i?anooieaiee a ?aoathuae ia?a ii?aaeaeyaony
yooaeoeaiinoueth eniieueciaaiey neaaeiaaoaeai ioaeaeueiuo neaaenoaaiiuo
aeaenoaee e eo nenoaiu – i?iecaiaenoaii a iioeiaeueiie
iineaaeiaaoaeueiinoe anao iaiaoiaeeiuo ii eiie?aoiiio aeaeo
neaaenoaaiiuo aeaenoaee, /ai iaania/eaaaony ananoi?iiiinoue, iieiioa e
iauaeoeaiinoue enneaaeiaaiey ianoiyoaeuenoa eaaeaeiai i?anooieaiey,
nicaeaaony iaiaoiaeeiay e aeinoaoi/iay aaca aeieacaoaeuenoa aeey
i?eiyoey caeiiiuo e iainiiaaiiuo i?ioeannoaeueiuo ?aoaiee ii aeaeo.[1]
Neaaenoaaiiua aeaenoaey – yoi yeaiaiou i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai
?anneaaeiaaiey, ?aaeaiaioe?iaaiiua oaieiaii – i?ioeannoaeueiui caeiiii e
neoaeauea aeey iieo/aiey aeieacaoaeuenoa ii aeaeo, a oaeaea iaania/aiey
i?aa o/anoieeia oaieiaiiai i?ioeanna.
Neaaenoaaiiua aeaenoaey iinyo, eae i?aaeei, iiciaaaoaeueiue oa?aeoa? e
/a?ac eo iin?aaenoai eeoei, aaaeouaa ?anneaaeiaaiea, aeinoeaaao oeaee
iinoeaeaiey enoeiu ii oaieiaiiio aeaeo.
Ana neaaenoaaiiua aeaenoaey no?iai ?aaeaiaioe?iaaiu a oaieiaii –
i?ioeannoaeueiii eiaeaena ?O, oieueei /a?ac eo auiieiaiea aiciiaeii
iieo/aiea aeieacaoaeuenoa ii aeaeo, naaaeaiey, iieo/aiiua eiui iooai,
aeieacaoaeuenoaaie ia yaeythony.
§ 1. Iaune
Iaune i?aaenoaaeyao niaie i?ioeannoaeueiue i?eioaeeoaeueiue iiene,
inouanoaeyaiue a ii?aaeaeaiiii ianoa, iaoiaeyuainy a caeiiiii aeaaeaiee
ii?aaeaeaiiiai eeoea, n oeaeueth iaia?oaeaiey, ecuyoey e oeenaoeee
i?aaeiaoia e aeieoiaioia, eioi?ua iiaoo eiaoue cia/aiea aeey aeaea, a
oaeaea ?acuneeaaaiuo eeoe e o?oiia (no. 182, 184 OIE).
I?eioaeeoaeueiue oa?aeoa? iienea i?e iaunea iauyniyaony iaee/eai
iianiinoe nie?uoey eneiiuo i?aaeiaoia e aeieoiaioia, /oi ioee/aao aai io
neaaenoaaiiiai iniio?a (ni. ia yoii § 2 ianoiyuae aeaau), a oaeaea
aeia?iaieueiie auaea/e (/. 5 no. 182).
Iaune iaiaoiaeeii ioa?aie/eaaoue io iniio?a e ii eiia/iui oeaeyi. Oioy
oeaee iaunea /anoe/ii e niaiaaeatho n oeaeyie iniio?a, ii ana aea
ioee/athony io ieo. Eae e iniio?, iaune, a eiia/iii n/aoa, i?aaeiacia/ai
aeey iaia?oaeaiey, oeenaoeee e ecuyoey iauaeoia, eiathueo cia/aiea aeey
oaieiaiiai aeaea. Iaeiaei i?e iaunea iauaeoaie iienea yaeythony
i?aaeiaou, aeieoiaiou (a oii /enea i?oaeey i?anooieaiey e oeaiiinoe),
o?oiu, oiaaea eae i?e iniio?a iiaoo onoaiaaeeaaoueny, e?iia oiai, neaaeu
i?anooieaiey (iai?eia?, ioia/aoee iaeueoeaa e o. ae.) e ianoaiiaea ianoa
i?ienoanoaey.177 A ioee/ea io iniio?a, oeaeueth iaunea, iiaeao auoue e
iaia?oaeaiea ?acuneeaaaiuo aeeauo eeoe (/. 16 no. 182).
Oaeoeueoaoeaii, iaune iiaeao ioee/aoueny io iniio?a e ii ianoo
i?iaaaeaiey. Iaune aini?iecaiaeeony a ianoa eee iiiauaiee, eioi?ia
iaoiaeeony a caeiiiii (oeooeueiii)7 aeaaeaiee ii?aaeaeaiiiai
oece/aneiai, th?eaee/aneiai eeoea eee ainoaea?noaaiiiai i?aaia, a oi
a?aiy eae iniio? iiaeao i?iaiaeeoueny eae a oeooeueiii aeaaeaiee
(iai?eia?, a aeeeeua), oae e a ianoa, o eioi?iai iao eiie?aoiiai
aeaaeaeueoea (iai?eia?, ia oeeoea ianaeaiiiai ioieoa; a eaniii ianneaa,
ia iaoiaeyuainy a /ueae-eeai /anoiie nianoaaiiinoe, a caa?ioaiiii
aanoiciii no?iaiee); eeai aeaaeaiee, eioi?ia yaeyaony aanoeooeueiui. I?e
yoii niiiaiey a caeiiiii oa?aeoa?a aeaaeaiey aeieaeiu oieeiaaoueny a
iieueco oaeoe/aneiai aeaaeaeueoea, o eioi?iai a yoii neo/aa i?iaiaeeony
ia iniio?, a iaune (i?e oneiaee, anee anoue iianiinoue nie?uoey eneiiuo
iauaeoia). Iaeiaei, anee i?aaeiao, aunooiathuee a ea/anoaa o?aieeeua e
iaoiaeyueeny a /ueae-eeai nianoaaiiinoe, auaue ec aeaaeaiey nianoaaiieea
a ?acoeueoaoa i?ioeaii?aaiuo aeaenoaee (iai?eia?, oaiia noaeia eee
aaoiiiaeey), oi aeieaeai i?iecaiaeeony iniio?. a ia iaune, eai i?eciae
oeooeueiiai aeaaeaeueoea caeanue ionoonoaoao. A ea/anoaa i?eia?a iiaeii
i?eaanoe iniio? n oeaeueth iaia?oaeaiey a oaiaiiie iaoeia i?oaeey e
ac?ua/aouo aauanoa iinea caaea?aeaiey iieueciaaaoeony ath oa??i?enoia.
Iieneiaue oa?aeoa? iaunea naycai n oai, /oi ia?aae ia/aeii yoiai
neaaenoaaiiiai aeaenoaey i?aai i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey ia
eiaao oi/iie eioi?iaoeee i oii, aeaenoaeoaeueii ee a aeaiiii ianoa eee o
aeaiiiai eeoea iaoiaeyony eneiiua iauaeou, eeai i oii, aaea eiie?aoii
iie nie?uou. Yoi ioee/aao iaune io noiaeiiai n iei neaaenoaaiiiai
aeaenoaey — auaiee. Iaune i?iecaiaeeony i?e iaee/ee eeoue aa?iyoiinoiuo
aeaiiuo i ianoiiaoiaeaeaiee eneiiiai iauaeoa. Aeey i?iaaaeaiey auaiee
ioaeii oi/ii (aeinoiaa?ii) ciaoue, aaea e o eiai iaoiaeeony eneiiue
i?aaeiao (/. 1 no. 183), iiyoiio i?iaaaeaiea iieneiauo aeaenoaee i?e
auaiea ia o?aaoaony.
Eoae, iniiaaieyie aeey i?iecaiaenoaa iaunea yaeythony aeinoaoi/iua
aeaiiua i oii, /oi:
• a /ueai-eeai caeiiiii (oeooeueiii) aeaaeaiee iiaoo iaoiaeeoueny
iauaeou, eiathuea cia/aiea aeey oaieiaiiai aeaea (i?aaeiaou e
aeieoiaiou, aeeaua ?acuneeaaaiua eeoea eee o?oiu);
• nouanoaoao iianiinoue (aa?iyoiinoue) nie?uoey eee oie/oiaeaiey yoeo
iauaeoia.
I?e auaeaeaeaiee i?aaeiieiaeaiey i ianoiiaoiaeaeaiee eneiiuo iauaeoia a
oeaeyo i?iaaaeaiey iaunea iiaoo o/eouaaoueny ia oieueei
aeieacaoaeuenoaa, ii e iai?ioeannoaeueiay eioi?iaoeey (iai?eia?,
?acoeueoaou iia?aoeaii-?icuneiuo ia?ii?eyoee, eiua neaiaeu). Iaeiaei
neaaeoao iiiieoue, /oi iaune cao?aaeaaao eeth/aaua eiinoeoooeeiiiua
i?aaa /aeiaaea ia iai?eeiniiaaiiinoue aeeeeua, ee/ioth
iai?eeiniiaaiiinoue, i?aai nianoaaiiinoe, a nayce n /ai iaeia oieueei
iai?ioeannoaeueiay eioi?iaoeey, aac iaee/ey oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiuo
aeieacaoaeuenoa, ia iiaeao iainiiaaoue aai i?iaaaeaiea. I?aaenoaaeyaony,
/oi oieueei aeieacaoaeuenoaaie iiaeao iainiiauaaoueny (oioy e ia
aa?iyoiinoiii o?iaia) i?aaeiieiaeaiea i oii, o eiai iiaoo iaoiaeeoueny
eneiiua iauaeou, a oi a?aiy eae i?aaeiieiaeaiea i oii, aaea eiaiii iie
iaoiaeyony a aeaiiii iiiauaiee eee ia o/anoea ianoiinoe iiaeao
aace?iaaoueny eae ia aeieacaoaeuenoaao, oae e ia iia?aoeaii-?icuneiie
eee eiie iai?ioeannoaeueiie eioi?iaoeee, a oaeaea i?inoi ia
neaaenoaaiiii iiuoa.
Iaune neaaeoao ioee/aoue io noiaeeo n iei aaeieieno?aoeaiuo aeaenoaee:
aeiniio?a aauae, ee/iiai aeiniio?a (no. 27.7 EiAI ?O), aeiniio?a
o?ainii?oiiai n?aaenoaa (no. 27.9 EiAI ?O), ecuyoey aauae e aeieoiaioia
(no. 27.10 EiAI ?O), ?acoeueoaou eioi?uo aeey oaieiaiiai aeaea iiaoo
eiaoue cia/aiea eiuo aeieoiaioia (no. 84 OIE).
I?ioeannoaeueiue caeii aeey i?iecaiaenoaa iaunea o?aaoao auianaiey
iinoaiiaeaiey (/. 2 no. 182 OIE), /oi iauyniyaony iaiaoiaeeiinoueth
eiio?iey iaae yoie i?eioaeeoaeueiie ia?ie. Niaeanii i. 5, 6 /. 2 no. 29,
/. 3 no. 182 ee/iue iaune,179 a oaeaea iaune a aeeeeua, aeieaeai
i?iecaiaeeoueny ia iniiaaiee noaeaaiiai ?aoaiey.
Aoeaaeueiia oieeiaaiea /. 2 no. 29 e no. 182 iicaieyao i?eeoe e
iaaa?iiio, ia iao acaeyae, auaiaeo, /oi oieueei ee/iue iaune e iaune a
aeeeeua i?iecaiaeyony ii noaeaaiiio ?aoaieth (/. 3 no. 182), a ana
inoaeueiua aac eneeth/aiey aeaeu iaunea ia o?aaotho aeiiieieoaeueiuo
naieoeee. Caeii ia niaea?aeeo e i?yiiai o?aaiaaiey i iaiaoiaeeiinoe
iieo/aoue naieoeeth i?ieo?i?a ia eaeie-eeai aeae iaunea. A oi aea a?aiy
i?ioeannoaeueiua ii?iu e aa?aioee iaaei ?anniao?eaaoueny n o/aoii eo
oeaeae (oaeaieiae/aneia oieeiaaiea), i?e/ai oae, /oiau eo aoeaaeueiia
oieeiaaiea ia i?eaiaeeei e yaiui i?ioeai?a/eyi (aano?aeo). Oae, neaaeoao
i?eiyoue ai aieiaiea oi ianoiyoaeuenoai, /oi iaune ii iaiueoei
iniiaaieyi e na?ueaciaa ia?aie/eaaao i?aaa a?aaeaeai, /ai auaiea. A oi
aea a?aiy, iaeioi?ua aeaeu auaiee o?aaotho noaeaaiiai ?aoaiey (auaiea
aeieoiaioia, niaea?aeaueo eioi?iaoeeth i aeeaaeao e n/aoao a?aaeaeai a
aaieao e eiuo e?aaeeoiuo i?aaiecaoeeyo — i. 7 /. 2 no. 29, /. 4 no. 183)
eee naieoeee i?ieo?i?a (auaiea aeieoiaioia, niaea?aeaueo io?aiyaioth
caeiiii oaeio — /. 3 no. 183). Ii a oao aea neo/ayo, anee enoiaeeoue ec
aoeaaeueiiai oieeiaaiey caeiia, iaune i?iecaiaeeony aac anyeiai
?ac?aoaiey eee naieoeee, e oiio aea ia ia aeinoiaa?iii (eae yoi
o?aaoaony aeey auaiee), a anaai eeoue ia aa?iyoiinoiii iniiaaiee. Oiaaea
iniaia naieoeeiie?iaaiea auaiee oa?yei au anyeee niune. A naiii aeaea,
ca/ai neaaeiaaoaeth iainiiauaaoue a noaea aeieacaoaeuenoaaie
iaiaoiaeeiinoue auaiee aaieianeeo aeieoiaioia, anee ii aianoi yoiai
iiaeao i?iecaanoe iaune a e?aaeeoiii o/?aaeaeaiee e ecuyoue eo aac
eaeiai-eeai ?ac?aoaiey? Yoi yaiia i?ioeai?a/ea aeaao iniiaaiea aeey
?ani?ino?aieoaeueiiai oieeiaaiey ii?i, niaea?aeaueony a i. 7 /. 2 no. 29
e /. 3–4 no. 183.
Niaeanii oaeiio oieeiaaieth, i?eioaeeoaeueiia ecuyoea (ia oieueei i?e
auaiea, ii e i?e iaunea) aeieoiaioia, niaea?aeaueo eioi?iaoeeth i
aeeaaeao e n/aoao a?aaeaeai a aaieao e eiuo e?aaeeoiuo i?aaiecaoeeyo
ioaeaeaaony, ii iaoaio iiaieth, a noaeaaiii ?ac?aoaiee, a ethauo
aeieoiaioia, niaea?aeaueo io?aiyaioth oaaea?aeueiui caeiiii oaeio, — a
naieoeee i?ieo?i?a.
Iaune i?iecaiaeeony ii iauei i?aaeeai i?iaaaeaiey neaaenoaaiiuo
aeaenoaee (ni. § 2 aeaau 1), iaeiaei aai i?ioeaaeo?a eiaao e ?yae
iniaaiiinoae:
1) ia?aae iauneii neaaeiaaoaeue i?aaeuyaeyao iinoaiiaeaiea, a a
iaiaoiaeeiuo neo/ayo — e noaeaaiia ?aoaiea ia iinoaiiaeaiee;
2) aei ia/aea iaunea neaaeiaaoaeue i?aaeeaaaao aeia?iaieueii auaeaoue
eneiiua iauaeou e i?aaeiaou, ecuyoua ec iai?ioa;
3) ai a?aiy iaunea ia i?enoonoaothueo eeoe iiaoo auoue aiceiaeaiu
aeiiieieoaeueiua ia?aie/aiey: cai?ao iieeaeaoue ianoi iaunea, iauaoueny
ae?oa n ae?oaii eee eiuie eeoeaie;
4) a oiaea iaunea i?iecaiaeeony ecuyoea i?aaeiaoia, ioiinyueony e aeaeo.
Aeiiieieoaeueii aacaiciacaeii ecuiathony i?aaeiaou, iieiinoueth
cai?auaiiua e ia?auaieth, a oaeaea i?aaeiaou, ecuyoua ec a?aaeaeaineiai
iai?ioa (ni. i ieo: § 4 ae. 7 o/aaieea). Ecuyoeth a oiaea iaunea
iiaeeaaeao e ainoaea?noaaiiua iaa?aaeu iaaeiyaiiai (anee ii iaaeiyaony a
oaeii i?anooieaiee, ca eioi?ia aiciiaeii eeoaiea iaa?aae);
5) a oiaea iaunea i?eieiaao o/anoea cia/eoaeueiia eiee/anoai aai
iaycaoaeueiuo o/anoieeia. Ai-ia?auo, yoi eeoei, a iiiauaiee eioi?iai
i?iecaiaeeony iaune, eeai niaa?oaiiieaoiea /eaiu aai naiuee, eeai aai
i?aaenoaaeoaeue. I?iecaiaenoai iaunea a ionoonoaea oeacaiiuo eeoe
yaeyaony nouanoaaiiui ia?ooaieai caeiia (/. 3 no. 7), aeaeouei
iaaeiionoeiinoue iieo/aiiuo ?acoeueoaoia. Anee a neeo iaioeiaeiie
neooaoeee o/anoea oeacaiiuo eeoe iaania/eoue iaaiciiaeii, oi
oeaeaniia?acii i?eaeaneoue i?aaenoaaeoaey aeeeeuii-yenieoaoaoeeiiiie
i?aaiecaoeee eee ianoiiai naiioi?aaeaiey. ?aoaiea i i?iecaiaenoaa iaunea
a ionoonoaee i?aaenoaaeoaeae aeaaeaeueoeaa aeieaeii auoue iioeae?iaaiii
io?aaeaii a i?ioieiea. Ai-aoi?uo, iaycaoaeueiuie o/anoieeaie iaunea
yaeythony iiiyoua. Ana iieneiaua aeaenoaey aeieaeiu aanoenue a
i?enoonoaee iiiyouo e ae?oaeo o/anoaothueo eeoe. Iiiyoua aeieaeiu
iaaethaeaoue i?ioeann iaia?oaeaiey e ecuyoey eaaeaeiai i?aaeiaoa eee
aeieoiaioa. Anee iiene aaaeaony iaeiia?aiaiii ianeieueeeie a?oiiaie, oi
i?e eaaeaeie ec ieo aeieaeiu i?enoonoaiaaoue ia iaiaa aeaoo iiiyouo.
A-o?aoueeo, neaaeiaaoaeue ia ai?aaa ioeacaoue a i?enoonoaee i?e
i?iecaiaenoaa iaunea caueoieeo (i. 5 /. 1 no. 53), eee aaeaieaoo
aeaaeaeueoea iauneeaaaiiai iauaeoa (/. 11 no. 182). N o/aoii
ioeoeeaeueiiai oieeiaaiey Eiinoeoooeee ?O, aeaiiiai a Iinoaiiaeaiee
Eiinoeoooeeiiiiai Noaea ?O io 27.06.2000 a. ? 11-I “Ii aeaeo i i?iaa?ea
eiinoeoooeeiiiinoe iieiaeaiee /anoe ia?aie noaouee 47 e /anoe aoi?ie
noaouee 51 Oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiiai eiaeaena ?NON? a nayce n aeaeiaie
a?aaeaeaieia A. E. Ianeiaa”, eeoei, a ioiioaiee eioi?iai i?iaiaeeony
iaune n oeaeueth oee/aiey aai a niaa?oaiee i?anooieaiey, iaeaaeaao
i?aaii ia caueoo, oae eae iaoiaeeony a iieiaeaiee iiaeic?aaaaiiai a
eiinoeoooeeiiiii niunea neiaa. Iiyoiio aai aaeaieao aeieaeai iaeaaeaoue
i?aaaie caueoieea (/. 2 no. 53 OIE);
6) i?e iaunea aeieaeiu i?eieiaoueny niaoeeaeueiua ia?u ii nio?aiaieth
oaeiu /anoiie aeecie eeoea, o eioi?iai i?iaiaeeony iaune, aai ee/iie,
naiaeiie oaeiu, a oaeaea ianoiyoaeuenoa /anoiie aeecie ae?oaeo eeoe: io
i?enoonoaothueo eeoe acyoa iiaeienea i ia?acaeaoaiee aeaiiuo
i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey (/. 2 no. 161); oaeaeaiu iinoi?iiiea
(iai?eia?, aeo?iaeenou); i?ioeannoaeueiie oeenaoeee aeieaeiu auoue
iiaeaa?aioou oieueei ioiinyueany e aeaeo ianoiyoaeuenoaa.
I?e iaunea niaoeeaeueii cai?auaii aac iaiaoiaeeiinoe iia?aaeaeaoue
eiouanoai (/. 6 no. 182). Ia aucaaiiia iaiaoiaeeiinoueth iia?aaeaeaiea
eiouanoaa aea/ao aeenoeeieeia?ioth, a?aaeaeainei-i?aaiaoth, a a
iaeioi?uo neo/ayo e oaieiaioth ioaaonoaaiiinoue;
7) oeenaoeey oiaea e ?acoeueoaoia iaunea i?iecaiaeeony ii iauei
i?aaeeai, o. a. a i?ioieiea a niioaaonoaea ni no. 166, 167. Iaeiaei
iniaaiii aaaeii, /oiau ianoiiieiaeaiea e ianoiyoaeuenoaa iaia?oaeaiey
i?aaeiaoia, eo eiaeeaeaeoaeueiua i?eciaee, i?e iaiaoiaeeiinoe —
oiaeiaea, iaee/ea ia iae ia/aoe neaaeiaaoaey e iiaeienae iiiyouo auee
iiae?iaii oeacaiu a i?ioieiea iaunea. A iai oeene?othony ana
th?eaee/anee cia/eiua ianoiyoaeuenoaa iaunea (auaeai ee i?aaeiao
aeia?iaieueii, iiaaaeaiea iauneeaaaiuo, i?eiyoua ia?u, cayaeaiey e
caia/aiey i?enoonoaothueo). Eiiey i?ioieiea iaunea (a oii /enea eiiey
iiene ecuyouo i?aaeiaoia) a?o/aaony i?aaenoaaeoaeth aeaaeaeueoea iauaeoa
iaunea iiae ?anieneo ia i?eaeiaea i?ioieiea;
8) iniaie aa?aioeae niaethaeaiey i?e iaunea i?aa e caeiiiuo eioa?ania
a?aaeaeai yaeyaony aiciiaeiinoue iaaeaeiaaiey iinoaiiaeaiey i
i?iecaiaenoaa iaunea e aai ?acoeueoaoia iaiin?aaenoaaiii a noae, /oi
i?yii auei ioia/aii a iinoaiiaeaiee Eiinoeoooeeiiiiai Noaea ?O io
23.03.99 a. ? 5-I.
Aeaeu iaunea auaeaeythony ii ?acee/iui e?eoa?eyi. I?ioeannoaeueiuie
iniaaiiinoyie iaeaaeatho ee/iue iaune (no. 184), iaune a iaioeiaeiie
neooaoeee (no. 157; /. 5 no. 165), iaune a aeeeeua (/. 3 no. 182), a
eiii iiiauaiee eee o/anoea ianoiinoe, iaune a ioiioaiee eeoe,
iaeaaeathueo eiioieoaoii (/. 2 no. 3; /. 3 e 4 no. 450).
Ee/iue iaune ninoieo a iienea e ecuyoee ioiinyueony e oaieiaiiio aeaeo
i?aaeiaoia e aeieoiaioia, iaoiaeyueony o iiaeic?aaaaiiai eee iaaeiyaiiai
— a aai iaeaaeaea, n?aaee eiathueony i?e iai aauae, a oaeaea ia aai oaea
(no. 184). Aeiiieieoaeueiie oeaeueth ee/iiai iaunea iiaeic?aaaaiiai e
iaaeiyaiiai, iiiauaaiiai iiae no?aaeo, yaeyaony iaia?oaeaiea e ecuyoea
i?aaeiaoia, cai?auaiiuo e o?aiaieth e eniieueciaaieth a ianoao
niaea?aeaiey iiae no?aaeae.
Iniiaaieyie aeey i?iecaiaenoaa ee/iiai iaunea neoaeao aeaiiua,
oeacuaathuea ia iaoiaeaeaiea eneiiuo i?aaeiaoia e aeieoiaioia o
iiaeic?aaaaiiai eee iaaeiyaiiai. I?aaenoaaeyaony, /oi a oao neo/ayo,
eiaaea ee/iue iaune i?iecaiaeeony ii noaeaaiiio ?aoaieth, iniiaaieai
aeey iaai aeieaeiu auoue oieueei oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiua
aeieacaoaeuenoaa. Iaeiaei, ii niuneo caeiia, a iaioeiaeiuo neo/ayo, a
eiaiii: a) i?e caaea?aeaiee iiaeic?aaaaiiai eee caeeth/aiee aai iiae
no?aaeo; a) i?e ee/iii iaunea eeoea, iaoiaeyuaainy a ianoa, aaea
i?iecaiaeeony iaune, ii iiaeic?aieth, /oi iii ne?uaaao i?e naaa
i?aaeiaou eee aeieoiaiou, eioi?ua iiaoo eiaoue cia/aiea aeey aeaea (/. 2
no. 184), iniiaaieai aeey ee/iiai iaunea (eae eneeth/aiea ec iauaai
i?aaeea) iiaoo auoue ia oieueei aeieacaoaeuenoaa, ii niioaaonoaaiii e
o?aaiaaiea caeiia (th?eaee/aneia iniiaaiea) i?aaeaa?eoaeueii iauneeaaoue
anyeia eeoei, caeeth/aaiia iiae no?aaeo,180 eee ?acoeueoaou
iaiin?aaenoaaiiiai iaaethaeaiey ca iiaaaeaieai eeoe, i?enoonoaothueo i?e
iaunea iiiauaiey eee eiiai ianoa.
Iniaaiiinoe ee/iiai iaunea ninoiyo a neaaeothuai:
1) ee/iue iaune ia?aie/eaaao eiinoeoooeeiiiia i?aai ia ee/ioth
iai?eeiniiaaiiinoue (/. 1 no. 23 Eiinoeoooeee ?O) e iioiio, eae i?aaeei,
i?iecaiaeeony ii noaeaaiiio ?aoaieth, iieo/aaiiio a ii?yaeea no. 165
OIE. Eneeth/aiea ninoaaeytho ee/iue iaune ia?aae iiiauaieai iiae
no?aaeo, ee/iue iaune eeoea, i?iaiaeeiue a oaea iauneeaaaiii iiiauaiee
(/. 2 no. 184) e ee/iue iaune a iaioeiaeiuo neooaoeeyo (/. 5 no. 165);
2) i?e ee/iii iaunea i?enoonoaotho oieueei eeoea iaeiiai iiea n
iauneeaaaiui. Ii aiaeiaee n inaeaeaoaeuenoaiaaieai (/. 4 no. 179 OIE)
yoi o?aaiaaiea ia ?ani?ino?aiyaony ia niaoeeaeenoa — a?a/a, anee oio
i?eaea/ai e o/anoeth a aeaiiii neaaenoaaiiii aeaenoaee;
3) ee/iue iaune iiaeao auoue naycai n i?iieeiiaaieai a iieinoe
i?aaiecia. I?e yoii iniaia aieiaiea iaiaoiaeeii ia?auaoue ia
iaaeiionoeiinoue nicaeaiey iianiinoe aeey caei?iauey iauneeaaaiiai, a
oaeaea niaethaeaiea cai?aoa i?eioaeeoaeueiuo iaaeeoeeineeo iiuoia (no.
21 Eiinoeoooeee ?O). A /anoiinoe, i?iieeiiaaiea a iieinoe i?aaiecia
iaaeiionoeii, anee yoi o?aaoao oe?o?ae/aneiai aiaoaoaeuenoaa, i?e/eiyao
oece/aneoth aieue (i?e ionoonoaee niaeaney iauneeaaaiiai) eee eiui
ia?acii naycaii n eaeei-eeai ?aaeueiui ?eneii aeey caei?iauey e aeecie
eeoea.
§ 2. Auaiea
Auaiea — yoi neaaenoaaiiia aeaenoaea, ninoiyuaa a i?ioeannoaeueiii
i?eioaeeoaeueiii ecuyoee eiathueo cia/aiea aeey aeaea ii?aaeaeaiiuo
i?aaeiaoia e aeieoiaioia, eiaaea oi/ii ecaanoii, aaea e o eiai iie
iaoiaeyony (no. 183 OIE).
Oaeoe/aneeie iniiaaieyie aeey i?iecaiaenoaa auaiee neoaeao:
• iaoiaeaeaiea ii?aaeaeaiiiai i?aaeiaoa eee aeieoiaioa, eiathuaai
cia/aiea aeey oaieiaiiai aeaea, a oaeoe/aneii aeaaeaiee ii?aaeaeaiiiai
eeoea (a aeaiiii iiiauaiee, eiii ianoa, i?e iai eee ia iai);
• iaee/ea iianiinoe nie?uoey eee oie/oiaeaiey aeaiiiai i?aaeiaoa eee
aeieoiaioa;
• ionoonoaea iaiaoiaeeiinoe eo iienea i?aaiaie i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai
?anneaaeiaaiey.
Iineaaeiea aeaa a?oiiu ianoiyoaeuenoa iiaoo onoaiaaeeaaoueny eae
aeieacaoaeuenoaaie, oae e eiuie aeaiiuie (a oii /enea, n iiiiuueth
iaiin?aaenoaaiiiai aini?eyoey neaaeiaaoaeai eee aeiciaaaoaeai,
iia?aoeaii-?icuneiie eioi?iaoeeae e aeaaea neaaenoaaiiui iiuoii). *oi
aea eanaaony ia?aie a?oiiu ianoiyoaeuenoa — iaoiaeaeaiey ii?aaeaeaiiiai
i?aaeiaoa eee aeieoiaioa, eiathuaai cia/aiea aeey oaieiaiiai aeaea, a
oaeoe/aneii aeaaeaiee ii?aaeaeaiiiai eeoea, — oi yoi ianoiyoaeuenoai
aeieaeii auoue, ia iao acaeyae, aeinoiaa?ii aeieacaiiui, o. a. oi/ii
onoaiiaeaiiui n iiiiuueth oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiuo aeieacaoaeuenoa. Yoi
iauyniyaony oai, /oi nouanoaiaaiea eiaiii yoeo ianoiyoaeuenoa
ii?aaaeuaaao aiciiaeiinoue ia?aie/aiey eiinoeoooeeiiiuo i?aa ia
iai?eeiniiaaiiinoue aeeeeua, ee/iinoe e /anoiie nianoaaiiinoe, iiyoiio e
eo onoaiiaeaieth neaaeoao iiaeoiaeeoue iniaaiii ouaoaeueii.
Eae e a neo/aa iaunea aeey i?iaaaeaiey auaiee aeaaeaiea eaeei-eeai
eeoeii iiiauaieai, o/anoeii ianoiinoe eee eiui ianoii, aaea
i?iecaiaeeony yoi neaaenoaaiiia aeaenoaea, aeieaeii auoue, eae i?aaeei
oeooeueiui — iniiaaiiui ia i?aaa — a i?ioeaiii neo/aa aeinoaoi/ii
iniio?a. Oae, iai?eia?, anee iinea caaea?aeaiey iiaeic?aaaaiiai a
caa?ioaiiii aanoiciii no?iaiee o?aaoaony ecuyoue iaia?oaeaiiua oai
iioeuaiiua aaue e o. i., i?iaaaeaiea auaiee ecauoi/ii, e neaaeoao
ia?aie/eoueny iniio?ii ianoa i?ienoanoaey. Iaeiaei a oi aea naiia a?aiy
ecuyoea iioeuaiiuo aauae, iaeaouo ia iiaeic?aaaaiii, o?aaoao i?iaaaeaiey
eo auaiee, eai i?e yoii ia?aie/eaaaony i?aai ee/iie iai?eeiniiaaiiinoe
(oeooeueiia aeaaeaiea /aeiaaeii naiei oaeii e oai, /oi ia iai iaeaoi).
Eiaaea iao iianiinoe nie?uoey i?aaeiaoia i?iecaiaenoai auaiee iiaeao
auoue ia iaycaoaeueii. Ii?aaeaeaiiua i?aaeiaou, anee oi/ii ecaanoii,
aaea iie iaoiaeyony, iiaoo auoue iieo/aiu iooai eno?aaiaaiey (/. 4 no.
21). Eno?aaiaaiea i?aaeiaoia e aeieoiaioia ia yaeyaony neaaenoaaiiui
aeaenoaeai, o. a. iii ia iaania/aii aiciiaeiinoueth i?eioaeeoaeueiiai
i?iecaiaenoaa e ia eiaao aeaoaeueiie caeiiiaeaoaeueiie ?aaeaiaioaoeee.
Eno?aaiaaiea ioi?ieyaony cai?inii (o?aaiaaieai) neaaeiaaoaey e iiaeao
i?eiaiyoueny i?e iaeiia?aiaiiii niaethaeaiee neaaeothueo oneiaee: a) iao
iianiinoe a nie?uoee i?aaeiaoa e aeieoiaioa, a cia/eo, e iaiaoiaeeiinoe
a i?eioaeaeaiee (iiaeii iieaaaoue, /oi iaiaoiaeeiue i?aaeiao eee
aeieoiaio aoaeoo ia?aaeai aeia?iaieueii); a) naii ianoiiaoiaeaeaiea
i?aaeiaoa ia eiaao aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiiai cia/aiey. Iai?eia?, iioeuaiiua
aaue ecuyou a aaeieieno?aoeaiii ii?yaeea e iaoiaeyony a aeaaeo?iie /anoe
ieeeoeee; a aieueieoea iaoiaeeony iaeaaeaea iino?aaeaaoaai ni neaaeaie
e?iae, i?e yoii aaeieieno?aoeey aieueieoeu e nai iino?aaeaaoee niaeaniu
i?aaenoaaeoue iaeaaeaeo, e iie ia caeioa?aniaaiu a aa nie?uoee e o. i.
Auaieo aianoi eno?aaiaaiey neaaeoao i?iecaiaeeoue, eiaaea aiciiaeii
iiiaaeiaeony i?eiaiaiea i?eioaeaeaiey (i?aaeiao ia auaeatho eee ii
iiaeao auoue ni?yoai eee oie/oiaeai) eeai aeieacaoaeuenoaaiiia cia/aiea
eiaao oeene?oaiue a i?ioieiea nai oaeo iaoiaeaeaiey i?aaeiaoa a aeaiiii
ianoa, iai?eia?, ia?eioe/aneeo n?aaenoa a eaai?aoi?ee ii aeaeo i
ia?ooaiee i?aaee eo o?aiaiey.
Ii?yaeie i?iecaiaenoaa auaiee oaeie aea, eae e i?e iaunea.
Ii iauaio i?aaeeo, auaiea ia o?aaoao niaoeeaeueiiai aeiiieieoaeueiiai
?ac?aoaiey (naieoeeiie?iaaiey). Iaeiaei ec yoiai i?aaeea eiaaony oe?ieee
e?oa eneeth/aiee.
1. Ii noaeaaiiio ?aoaieth i?iecaiaeeony auaiea:
a) a aeeeeua (i. 5 /. 2 no. 29);
a) aeieoiaioia, niaea?aeaueo eioi?iaoeeth i aeeaaeao e n/aoao oece/aneeo
e th?eaee/aneeo eeoe a e?aaeeoiuo o/?aaeaeaieyo (i. 7 /. 2 no. 29, /. 4
no. 183);
a) ii/oiai-oaeaa?aoiuo ioi?aaeaiee (/. 2 no. 185 OIE). Ii noaeaaiiio
?aoaieth, aeieaeia i?iecaiaeeoueny auaiea ia oieueei ii/oiai-oaeaa?aoiuo
ioi?aaeaiee, ii e eiuo niiauaiee, iai?eia?, iaeaeaeeiaiauo, yeaeo?iiiie
ii/ou, /oi auoaeaao ec niaea?aeaiey no. 23 Eiinoeoooeee ?O;
2. N naieoeee i?ieo?i?a i?iecaiaeeony auaiea i?aaeiaoia e aeieoiaioia,
niaea?aeaueo ainoaea?noaaiioth eee eioth io?aiyaioth oaaea?aeueiui
caeiiii oaeio. Ainoaea?noaaiiay oaeia, niaeanii no. 2 Caeiia ?O io
21.07.93 a. “I ainoaea?noaaiiie oaeia”, — yoi caueuaaiua ainoaea?noaii
naaaeaiey a iaeanoe aai aiaiiie, aiaoiaiieeoe/aneie, yeiiiie/aneie,
?acaaaeuaaoaeueiie, eiio??acaaaeuaaoaeueiie e iia?aoeaii-?icuneiie
aeayoaeueiinoe, ?ani?ino?aiaiea eioi?uo iiaeao iaianoe oua?a
aaciianiinoe ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee.181 Auaieo aeieoiaioia, niaea?aeaueo
naaaeaiey, yaeythueany ainoaea?noaaiiie oaeiie, oeaeaniia?acii
i?iaiaeeoue a ii?yaeea, niaeaniaaiiii n ?oeiaiaeeoaeai niioaaonoaothuaai
o/?aaeaeaiey, ioaa/athuaai ca niaethaeaiea yoie oaeiu. Eiay io?aiyaiay
oaaea?aeueiui caeiiii oaeia — yoi eiioeaeaioeeaeueiay eioi?iaoeey,
aeinooi e eioi?ie ia?aie/ai oaaea?aeueiui caeiiii (Oaaea?aeueiiai caeiia
io 20.02.95 a. “Ia eioi?iaoeee, eioi?iaoecaoeee e caueoa eioi?iaoeee”).
Auaiea i?aaeiaoia e aeieoiaioia, niaea?aeaueo io?aiyaioth oaaea?aeueiui
caeiiii oaeio, i?iecaiaeeony n naieoeee i?ieo?i?a (a a iaeioi?uo
oeacaiiuo auoa neo/ayo — ii noaeaaiiio ?aoaieth).
Oaaea?aeueiuie caeiiaie i?aaeoniio?aiu neaaeothuea aeaeu oaei:
1) oaeia /anoiie aeecie, ee/iay, naiaeiay oaeia (/. 1 no. 23
Eiinoeoooeee ?O);
2) aoaeeoi?neay oaeia (no. 8 Oaaea?aeueiiai caeiia io 7.08.01 a. ?
119-OC “Ia aoaeeoi?neie aeayoaeueiinoe”);
3) aaieianeay oaeia (no. 857 AE ?O; no. 183 OE ?O; no. 26 Caeiia ?O io
02.12.90 a. “I aaieao e aaieianeie aeayoaeueiinoe”);
4) a?a/aaiay eee iaaeeoeeineay oaeia (no. 61 Caeiia ?O io 22.07.93 a.
“Iniiau caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee ia io?aia caei?iauey
a?aaeaeai”; /. 2
no. 15 Naiaeiiai eiaeaena ?O; no. 9 Caeiia ?O io 02 .07.92 a. “I
ineoeao?e/aneie iiiiue e aa?aioeyo i?aa a?aaeaeai i?e aa ieacaiee”);
5) eiiia?/aneay eee i?iecaiaenoaaiiay oaeia (no. 183 OE ?O; no. 139 AE
?O;
6) iaeiaiaay oaeia (no. 102 Iaeiaiaiai eiaeaena ?O; no. 183 OE ?O);
7) neoaeaaiay oaeia (no. 139 AE ?O);
8) oaeia a?oeaa (no. 1, 7 Caeii ?O io 07.07.93 a. “Iniiau
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee ia A?oeaiii oiiaea ?inneeneie
Oaaea?aoeee e a?oeaao”);
9) oaeia aieiniaaiey ia auai?ao eee ?aoa?aiaeoia (no. 7 Oaaea?aeueiiai
caeiia io 19.09.97 a. “Ia iniiaiuo aa?aioeyo ecae?aoaeueiuo i?aa
a?aaeaeai e i?aaa ia o/anoea a ?aoa?aiaeoia a?aaeaeai ?O”; no. 142 OE
?O);
10) oaeia caaauaiey (no. 1123 AE ?O);
11) oaeia eniiaaaee (no. 3 Caeiia ?O io 26.09.97 a. “I naiaiaea niaanoe
e i ?aeeaeiciuo iauaaeeiaieyo”);
12) oaeia enoi/ieea eioi?iaoeee n?aaenoaa ianniaie eioi?iaoeee eee
?aaeaeoeeiiiay, aeo?iaeenoneay oaeia (no. 41 Oaaea?aeueiiai caeiia “I
n?aaenoaao ianniaie eioi?iaoeee”);
13) oaeia i ia?ao aaciianiinoe a ioiioaiee o/anoieeia oaieiaiiai
i?ioeanna, oaeia i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey (/. 9 no. 166, no.
161 OIE);
14) oaeia ia?niiaeueiuo aeaiiuo ?aaioieea (no. 86 O?oaeiaiai eiaeaena
?O);
15) oaeia niaa?oaiey iioa?eaeueiuo aeaenoaee (no. 16, 27 Caeiia ?O io
11.02.93 a. “Iniiau caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaa ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee i
iioa?eaoa”);
16) oaeia niaauaoaeueiie eiiiaou (no. 298, 341 OIE);
17) oaeia no?aoiaaiey (no. 946 AE ?O);
18) oaeia onuiiaeaiey (no. 139 Naiaeiiai eiaeaena ?O, no. 155 OE ?O).
19) oaeia cae?uoiai eeth/a yeaeo?iiiie oeeo?iaie iiaeiene (no. 12
Oaaea?aeueiue caeii io 10.01.02 a. “Ia yeaeo?iiiie oeeo?iaie iiaeiene”).
E?iia oiai, i?ioeannoaeueiuie iniaaiiinoyie iaeaaeaao auaiea a
iaioeiaeiie neooaoeee (no. 157; /. 5 no. 165 OIE); auaiea o eeoe,
iaeaaeathueo aeeieiiaoe/aneei eee neoaeaaiui eiioieoaoii (/. 2 no. 3;
no. 450 OIE).
Iinoaiiaeaiea i i?iecaiaenoaa auaiee e aa ?acoeueoaou iiaoo auoue
iaaeaeiaaiu a i?ieo?i?o eee a noae.
§ 3. Iaeiaeaiea a?anoa ia ii/oiai-oaeaa?aoiua ioi?aaeaiey, eo iniio? e
auaiea
Aeaiiia neaaenoaaiiia aeaenoaea ?aaeaiaioe?iaaii no. 185 OIE e ii
nouanoao yaeyaony iniaie ?aciiaeaeiinoueth auaiee. Iii ninoieo ec aeaoo
ioiineoaeueii naiinoiyoaeueiuo, ii acaeiinaycaiiuo yeaiaioia: a)
iaeiaeaiey a?anoa ia ii/oiai-oaeaa?aoiua ioi?aaeaiey e a) eo iniio?a e
auaiee. Iaeiaeaiea a?anoa a aeaiiii neo/aa yaeyaony i?eioaeeoaeueiie
ia?ie, iaania/eaathuae iineaaeothuaa neaaenoaaiiia aeaenoaea — auaieo.
Iniaaiiinoe aeaiiiai neaaenoaaiiiai aeaenoaey iiae/eiaiu iaania/aieth
eiinoeoooeeiiiiai i?aaa a?aaeaeai ia oaeio ia?aienee e eiuo niiauaiee
(/. 2 no. 23 Eiinoeoooeee ?O).
Iniiaaieai aeey iaeiaeaiey a?anoa yaeythony aeieacaoaeuenoaa i oii, /oi
ii/oiai-oaeaa?aoiua ioi?aaeaiey iiaoo niaea?aeaoue ioiinyuothny e aeaeo
eioi?iaoeeth. Iieo/aiea yoie eioi?iaoeee ninoaaeyao eiia/ioth oeaeue
aeaiiiai neaaenoaaiiiai aeaenoaey. I?e yoii caeii ia ?ac?aoaao iaeaaaoue
a?ano ia ei??aniiiaeaioeeth a eiuo oeaeyo, iai?eia?, aeey nicaeaiey
i?aiyonoaee iauaiey iiaeic?aaaaiiai eee iaaeiyaiiai n eiuie eeoeaie. Yoa
oeaeue iiaeao auoue aeinoeaiooa iooai i?eiaiaiey ia?u i?ana/aiey,
iai?eia?, aeiiaoiaai a?anoa (i. 2 /. 1 no. 107 OIE).
Iaeiaeaiea a?anoa ia ii/oiai-oaeaa?aoiua ioi?aaeaiey i?iecaiaeeony ia
iniiaaiee noaeaaiiai ?aoaiey, i?eieiaaiiai a ii?yaeea no. 165. Noaeaaiia
?aoaiea i iaeiaeaiee a?anoa iaeiia?aiaiii icia/aao e ?ac?aoaiea ia
i?iaaaeaiea iniio?ia e auaieo ii/oiai-oaeaa?aoiuo ioi?aaeaiee. Iiyoiio
ai a?aiy aeaenoaey a?anoa iaiaeiie?aoiua iniio?u e auaiee
ei??aniiiaeaioeee i?iaiaeyony aac aeiiieieoaeueiiai ia?auaiey e noaeo.
Ii?yaeie i?iecaiaenoaa aeaiiiai neaaenoaaiiiai aeaenoaey neeaaeuaaaony
ec neaaeothueo yoaiia.
1. Auianaiea neaaeiaaoaeai iinoaiiaeaiey i aicaoaeaeaiee ia?aae noaeii
oiaeaoaenoaa i iaeiaeaiee a?anoa ia ii/oiai-oaeaa?aoiua ioi?aaeaiey e
i?iecaiaenoaa eo iniio?a e auaiee (i?eeiaeaiea 87 e no. 476 OIE),
iieo/aiea niioaaonoaothuaai niaeaney i?ieo?i?a e ?ac?aoaiey noaeuee. A
iinoaiiaeaiee neaaeiaaoaey oeacuaathony aeaiiua i eeoea, /uey
ei??aniiiaeaioeey iiaeeaaeeo a?anoo, iniiaaiey aeey yoiai, aeaeu
ii/oiai-oaeaa?aoiuo ioi?aaeaiee, iiaeeaaeaueo a?anoo, e iaeiaiiaaiea
eniieieoaey a?anoa — o/?aaeaeaiey (iia?aoi?u) nayce (/. 3 no. 185).
I?e yoii neaaeoao eiaoue a aeaeo, /oi a?ano iaeeaaeuaaaony oieueei ia
ioi?aaeaiey eiie?aoiiai eeoea — iiaeic?aaaaiiai eee iaaeiyaiiai — eae ia
enoiaeyuea, oae e aoiaeyuea.8 Ia iiaeao auoue iaeiaeai a?ano ia
ei??aniiiaeaioeeth naeaeaoaey, iioa?iaaoaai e ae?. A oi aea a?aiy
a?anoiaaia iiaeao auoue ei??aniiiaeaioeey th?eaee/aneiai eeoea, anee iia
aoaeao enoiaeeoue io iiaeic?aaaaiiai (iaaeiyaiiai) eee aoaeao aio
aae?aniaaia. Anee iaaeiyaiue eniieuecoao iinoi?iiiaa eeoei aeey ioi?aaee
e iieo/aiey ei??aniiiaeaioeee, oi iineaaeiyy iiaeao auoue ecuyoa a oiaea
ae?oaiai neaaenoaaiiiai aeaenoaey — iaunea eee auaiee.
I?ioeannoaeueiue caeii i?yii ia onoaiaaeeaaao n?ie, a oa/aiea eioi?iai
i?iecaiaeeony eiio?ieue ioi?aaeaiee. O/eouaay oanioth naycue iaaeaeo
a?anoii ii/oiai-oaeaa?aoiuo ioi?aaeaiee e eiio?ieai e caienueth
ia?aaiai?ia noaeo oeaeaniia?acii onoaiaaeeaaoue ii aiaeiaee n?ie a?anoa
a i?aaeaeao 6 ianyoeaa (/. 5 no. 186).
2. Eniieiaiea a?anoa ii/oiai-oaeaa?aoiuo ioi?aaeaiee aiceaaaaony ia
iia?aoi?a nayce, eioi?ue eniieiyy ?aoaiea noaea, oaaaeiieyao
neaaeiaaoaey i oaeoa caaea?aeaiey ioi?aaeaiee.
3. Iniio? e auaiea ioi?aaeaiee. Neaaeiaaoaeue ai?aaa a ethaie iiiaio (a
oii /enea, e aei iinooieaiey e iaio oaaaeiieaiey iia?aoi?a nayce)
i?enooieoue e iniio?o e auaiea ii/oiai-oaeaa?aoiuo ioi?aaeaiee. I?e yoii
aeieaeiu iaania/eaaoueny oneiaey ia?ani?ino?aiaiey eiioeaeaioeeaeueiie
eioi?iaoeee, iiaeiaaeathuae iiae iiiyoea oaeiu niiauaiee. A /anoiinoe,
i?e iniio?a, auaiea e niyoee eiiee n ioi?aaeaiee iiiyouie iiaoo auoue
oieueei eeoea ec /enea ?aaioieeia aeaiiiai o/?aaeaeaiey nayce. Eaaeaeue
oaeo iniio?a e auaiee ioi?aaeaiee (aia caaeneiinoe io aai ?acoeueoaoia)
ioi?ieyaony i?ioieieii, ninoaaeyaiui ii i?aaeeai no. 166. Ii
?acoeueoaoai iniio?a ioi?aaeaiey iiaoo auoue caaea?aeaiu e i?eiauaiu e
aeaeo (a i?eaeiaeao eee eiieyo) eee ioi?aaeaiu aae?anaoo.
4. Ioiaia a?anoa ii/oiai-oaeaa?aoiuo ioi?aaeaiee. A?ano ioiaiyaony
iinoaiiaeaieai neaaeiaaoaey, eiaaea a iai ioiaaeaao iaiaoiaeeiinoue, n
oaaaeiieaieai ia yoii noaea (noaeuee), i?eiyaoaai ?aoaiea i iaeiaeaiee
a?anoa, e i?ieo?i?a.
Aeey a?anoa ioi?aaeaiee eae i?ioeannoaeueiie ia?u i?eioaeaeaiey aeieaeiu
niaethaeaoueny iauea oneiaey eo i?eiaiaiey. A /anoiinoe, a?ano ia iiaeao
aeaenoaiaaoue ii i?einoaiiaeaiiiio eeai ii i?ae?auaiiiio aeaeo. N?ie
a?anoa ia iiaeao i?aauoaoue n?iea i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ?anneaaeiaaiey.
A i?aeoeea eiiaaea ano?a/athony neo/ae a?anoa e auaiee niiauaiee,
eioi?ua ia yaeythony ii/oiai-oaeaa?aoiuie ioi?aaeaieyie, —
iaeaeaeeiaiauo niiauaiee, niiauaiee yeaeo?iiiie ii/ou eee eiuo
ia?aaeaaaaiuo ii naoyi yeaeo?inayce niiauaiee. Neaaeoao eiaoue a aeaeo,
/oi /. 2 no. 23 Eiinoeoooeee ?O aeiioneaao ia?aie/aiea i?aaa a?aaeaeai
ia oaeio “eiuo niiauaiee” oieueei ii noaeaaiiio ?aoaieth. Iiyoiio auaiea
iiaeiaiuo niiauaiee aeieaeia auoue i?iaaaeaia oieueei ii ?aoaieth noaea.
Ia?ooaiea yoiai o?aaiaaiey aea/ao i?eciaiea iieo/aiiuo aeieacaoaeuenoa
iaaeiionoeiuie9.
§ 4. Eiio?ieue e caienue ia?aaiai?ia
Eiio?ieue e caienue ia?aaiai?ia eae neaaenoaaiiia aeaenoaea ninoieo: a)
a ii?o/aiee neaaeiaaoaeai niaoeeaeece?iaaiiui i?aaiai aanoe
i?ineooeaaiea e caienue ia?aaiai?ia iooai eniieueciaaiey ethauo n?aaenoa
eiiioieeaoeee eeoe, eioi?ua iiaoo ?aniieaaaoue naaaeaieyie, eiathueie
cia/aiea aeey oaieiaiiai aeaea; a) a eno?aaiaaiee iieo/aiiie oiiia?aiiu;
a) oeenaoeee niaea?aeaiey ia?aaiai?ia a i?ioieiea (i. 141 no. 5; no. 186
OIE).
Aeaiiia neaaenoaaiiia aeaenoaea ai iiiaii iaiiieiaao noiaeiua n iei
iia?aoeaii-?icuneiuo ia?ii?eyoey — i?ineooeaaiea oaeaoiiiuo ia?aaiai?ia,
caoeiaia iaaethaeaiea, niyoea eioi?iaoeee n oaoie/aneeo eaiaeia nayce,
eiio?ieue niiauaiee. N oi/ee c?aiey iaoiaeia i?iecaiaenoaa iaaeaeo ieie
iao i?eioeeieaeueiuo ?acee/ee, iineieueeo naii oaoie/aneia inouanoaeaiea
i?ineooeaaiey e caoeicaiene i?iecaiaeeony iia?aoeaiuie iiae?acaeaeaieyie
oaoie/aneie ?acaaaeee ONA, IAAe a oneiaeyo eiinie?aoeee, o. a.
iia?aoeaii-?icuneiuie n?aaenoaaie. Yoi aeaao iaeioi?ui aaoi?ai iiaiae
ooaa?aeaeaoue, /oi eiio?ieue e caienue ia?aaiai?ia ia yaeythony
neaaenoaaiiui aeaenoaeai, oae eae iaaeaeo i?ineooeaathueie ia?aaiai?u
i?aaiaie e i?ineooeaaaiuie eeoeaie iie ia oniao?eaatho eaeeo-eeai
i?ioeannoaeueiuo i?aaiioiioaiee.10 Neaaeoao, iaeiaei, i?eciaoue, /oi
iaeioi?ua i?ioeannoaeueiua ioiioaiey a oiaea naiiai i?ineooeaaiey e
caiene ana aea aicieeatho — i?e aea/a neaaeiaaoaeai ii?o/aiey
niaoeeaeece?iaaiiiio iiae?acaeaeaieth i?aaia aeiciaiey i eiio?iea e
caiene ia?aaiai?ia, a oaeaea i?e eno?aaiaaiee e ioi?ieaiee ?acoeueoaoia
yoeo aeaenoaee. Ii?aaeaeaiiua i?aaiioiioaiey eiatho ianoi e iaaeaeo
i?ineooeaathueie ia?aaiai?u i?aaiaie e i?ineooeaaaiuie eeoeaie. Oae,
iineaaeiea eiatho i?aai ia oi, /oiau i?ineooeaaiea i?iecaiaeeeinue eeoue
n ?ac?aoaiey noaea e ia aieaa onoaiiaeaiiiai ei n?iea. Ai?i/ai,
aiaeiae/iua i?aaa i?aaeinoaaeyao i?ineooeaaaiui eeoeai e
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai ia iia?aoeaii-?icuneiie aeayoaeueiinoe (no. 8–9
Oaaea?aeueiiai caeiia “Ia iia?aoeaii-?icuneiie aeayoaeueiinoe), iiyoiio
eo iaeuecy i?eciaoue noaoai i?ioeannoaeueiuie. I?eciaeaie neaaenoaaiiiai
aeaenoaey a iieiie ia?a iaeaaeatho ia ana yeaiaiou eiio?iey e caiene
ia?aaiai?ia, i?aaeoniio?aiiua no. 186 OIE. Ethaia neaaenoaaiiia
aeaenoaea ii oi?ia i?aaenoaaeyao niaie ioe?uoia (iaeiinie?aoeaiia e aei
ecaanoiie noaiaie aeaniia) aini?eyoea neaaeiaaoaeai eee nio?oaeieeaie
i?aaia aeiciaiey oaeoe/aneeo ianoiyoaeuenoa aeaea a ii?yaeea, aeaoaeueii
o?aaoee?iaaiiii oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiui caeiiii. Nianoaaiii i?ioeann
eiio?iey e caiene ia?aaiai?ia (/. 4–5 no. 186), inouanoaeyaiue
eiinie?aoeaii iia?aoeaiuie iiae?acaeaeaieyie i?aaiia aeiciaiey, yoei
o?aaiaaieyi ia ioaa/aao. Oaoie/aneia inouanoaeaiea eiio?iey e caiene
ia?aaiai?ia oaieiaii-i?ioeannoaeueiuie ii?iaie ia ?aaoee?oaony. Ii
nouanoao, iie aieioioth i?eaeeaeathony e iia?aoeaii-?icuneiiio
ia?ii?eyoeth, auiieiyaiiio ii ii?o/aieth neaaeiaaoaey. Iai?ioea, iniio?
e i?ineooeaaiea neaaeiaaoaeai iieo/aiiie oaeei niiniaii oiiia?aiiu n
o/anoeai iiiyouo, i?e iaiaoiaeeiinoe — niaoeeaeenoa, a oaeaea eeoe, /uee
ia?aaiai?u caienaiu (/. 7 no. 186), ianiiiaiii, iaeaaeatho i?eciaeaie
neaaenoaaiiiai aeaenoaey.
Eiio?ieue e caienue ia?aaiai?ia iaiaoiaeeii ioa?aie/eaaoue oaeaea io
a?anoa e auaiee ii/oiai-oaeaa?aoiuo ioi?aaeaiee. Iaaeaeo ieie nouanoaoao
aeaa iniiaiuo ?acee/ey. Ai-ia?auo, a?ano e auaiea ninoieo a eiio?iea,
caaea?aeaiee e ecuyoee iaoa?eaeueiuo iineoaeae eioi?iaoeee, oaea
nicaeaiiuo naieie o/anoieeaie ienueiaiiuo ia?aaiai?ia (caienee, ienueia,
iaeaeaeeiaiaua niiauaiey, aeieoiaiou, ioi?aaeaiiua ii yeaeo?iiiie
ii/oa). I?e eiio?iea e caiene ia?aaiai?ia iaoa?eaeueiua iineoaee —
oiiia?aiiu nicaeathony ii ii?o/aieth neaaeiaaoaey, iineieueeo ia?aaiai?u
aaaeoony onoii. Ai-aoi?uo, i?e eiio?iea e caiene ia?aaiai?ia iniiaiui
o/anoieeii yaeyaony niaoeeaeece?iaaiiia iia?aoeaiia iiae?acaeaeaiea
i?aaia aeiciaiey, eioi?ia eo i?ineooeaaao e caienuaaao. A auaiea aea
ii/oiai-oaeaa?aoiuo ioi?aaeaiee i?eieiaao o/anoea iau/iue
(iaeiinie?aoeaiue) iia?aoi? nayce, /a?ac eioi?ue ia?aaeathony niiauaiey.
Iniiaaieai aeey i?iecaiaenoaa eiio?iey e caiene ia?aaiai?ia yaeythony
aeaiiua i aiciiaeiinoe iieo/aiey ec ieo ioiinyueony e aeaeo naaaeaiee.
Eiio?ieth e caiene iiaoo auoue iiaeaa?aioou eae oaeaoiiiua, oae e ethaua
ae?oaea onoiua ia?aaiai?u iiaeic?aaaaiiai, iaaeiyaiiai, e ae?oaeo eeoe,
eioi?ua iiaoo ?aniieaaaoue naaaeaieyie i i?anooieaiee eeai eiuie
naaaeaieyie, eiathueie cia/aiea aeey oaieiaiiai aeaea. A ea/anoaa
oneiaey aeey i?iaaaeaiey aeaiiiai neaaenoaaiiiai aeaenoaey caeii
i?eciaao iaee/ea i?iecaiaenoaa ii oyaeeiio eee iniai oyaeeiio
i?anooieaieth (/. 4–5 no. 15 OE ?O).
Ii iauaio i?aaeeo eiio?ieue e caienue ia?aaiai?ia i?iecaiaeeony ii
noaeaaiiio ?aoaieth, auiineiiio a ii?yaeea no. 165 OIE. Aac noaeaaiiai
?aoaiey aeaiiia neaaenoaaiiia aeaenoaea iiaeao i?iecaiaeeoueny ii
ienueiaiiiio cayaeaieth iaeiiai ec o/anoieeia ia?aaiai?ia, eiaaea
nouanoaoao ?aaeueiay oa?ica niaa?oaiey ianeeey, auiiaaoaeuenoaa eee eiuo
i?anooiiuo aeaenoaee a ioiioaiee iioa?iaaoaai, naeaeaoaey, eo aeeceeo.
N?ie eiio?iey e caiene ia?aaiai?ia ia iiaeao i?aauoaoue i?aeeia?iiai
n?iea i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai neaaenoaey e onoaiaaeeaaaony a i?aaeaeao oanoe
ianyoeaa.
Ii?yaeie inouanoaeaiey eiio?iey e caiene ia?aaiai?ia aeeth/aao a naay
ianeieueei yoaiia.
1. Auianaiea neaaeiaaoaeai iioeae?iaaiiiai iinoaiiaeaiey i aicaoaeaeaiee
ia?aae noaeii oiaeaoaenoaa i eiio?iea e caiene ia?aaiai?ia. Iii
iai?aaeyaony a noae a ii?yaeea no. 165. Iinoaiiaeaiea noaeuee ia
inouanoaeaiee eiio?iey e caiene ia?aaiai?ia iai?aaeyaony neaaeiaaoaeai a
niioaaonoaothuee i?aai aeey eniieiaiey. Anee eiio?ieue e caienue
ia?aaiai?ia aaaeaony ii ienueiaiiiio cayaeaieth eo o/anoieea, oi
neaaeiaaoaeue eeoue auiineo iinoaiiaeaiea e oaaaeiieyao ia yoii
i?ieo?i?a.
2. Oaoie/aneia i?iecaiaenoai eiio?iey e caiene ia?aaiai?ia
niaoeeaeece?iaaiiui iiae?acaeaeaieai i?aaia aeiciaiey.
3. Eno?aaiaaiea neaaeiaaoaeai oiiia?aiiu ia?aaiai?ia io i?aaia,
inouanoaeythuaai eo eiio?ieue e caienue, iiaeao auoue naeaeaii a ethaia
a?aiy a oa/aiea anaai n?iea eiio?iey e caiene. A ioaao ia cai?in
neaaeiaaoaey oiiia?aiia aio ia?aaeaaony a iia/aoaiiii aeaea n
nii?iaiaeeoaeueiui ienueiii, n oeacaieai a?aiaie ia/aea e ieii/aiey
caiene, e?aoeeo oaoie/aneeo oa?aeoa?enoee eniieueciaaiiuo n?aaenoa. I?e
yoii ia ioaeiu naaaeaiey i eeoeao, eioi?ua inouanoaeyee naie eiio?ieue e
caienue ia?aaiai?ia.
3. Iniio? e i?ineooeaaiea oiiia?aiiu neaaeiaaoaeai i?iecaiaeeony a
i?enoonoaee iiiyouo. A iniio?a iiaoo o/anoaiaaoue niaoeeaeeno e eeoea,
/uee ia?aaiai?u caienaiu. I ?acoeueoaoao iniio?a ninoaaeyaony i?ioieie
ii i?aaeeai no. 166, i?e/ai a iai eceaaaaony (aeineiaii) eeoue oa /anoue
oiiia?aiiu, eioi?ay, ii iiaieth neaaeiaaoaey, eiaao ioiioaiea e aeaiiiio
aeaeo. Iaeiaei any oiiia?aiia a iieiii iauaia i?eiauaaony e aeaeo a
ea/anoaa aauanoaaiiiai aeieacaoaeuenoaa.
Eiio?ieue e caienue ia?aaiai?ia i?ae?auathony ii iinoaiiaeaieth
neaaeiaaoaey, eiaaea a ieo ioiaaeaao iaiaoiaeeiinoue, eeai enoaeaao
onoaiiaeaiiue noaeii n?ie eo i?iecaiaenoaa eee n?ie i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai
neaaenoaey, eeai i?ae?auaaony oaieiaiia aeaei, eee i?einoaiaaeeaaaony
i?aaeaa?eoaeueiia ?anneaaeiaaiea.
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