Niaea?aeaiea
Aaaaeaiea
Aeaaa 1. Oai?aoe/aneea iniiau iaania/aiiinoe oe?iu iai?ioiuie
n?aaenoaaie
1.1. Iiiyoea e ?ieue iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa i?aaei?eyoey
1.2. Ninoaa iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa
1.3. Iaoiaeeea ?an/aoa eniieueciaaiey iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa
Aeaaa 2. Aiaeec yooaeoeaiinoe eniieueciaaiey iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa a III
«Aaaaeaai»
2.1.I?aaiecaoeeiiii-yeiiiie/aneay e oeiainiaay oa?aeoa?enoeea
aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaei?eyoey
2.2 Aiaeec ?acia?a, ninoaaa e aeeiaieee iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa a III
«Aaaaeaai»
2.3. Aiaeec yooaeoeaiinoe eniieueciaaiey iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa a III
«Aaaaeaai»
Aeaaa 3. Iniiaiua iai?aaeaiey iiauoaiey yooaeoeaiinoe
eniieueciaaiey iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa
3.1. Iooe onei?aiey iai?a/eaaaiinoe iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa
3.2. Ioeaiea yooaeoeaiinoe i?aaeeiaeaiee ii onei?aieth iai?a/eaaaiinoe
iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa
Auaiaeu e i?aaeeiaeaiey.
Nienie eeoa?aoo?u
AAAAeAIEA
Aeey iaania/aiey aania?aaieiiai i?ioeanna i?iecaiaenoaa ia?yaeo n
iniiaiuie i?iecaiaenoaaiiuie oiiaeaie iaiaoiaeeiu i?aaeiaou o?oaea,
iaoa?eaeueiua ?ano?nu.
I?aaeiaou o?oaea aianoa ni n?aaenoaaie o?oaea o/anoaotho a nicaeaiee
i?iaeoeoa o?oaea, aai iio?aaeoaeueiie noieiinoe e ia?aciaaiee noieiinoe.
Iai?io aauanoaaiiuo yeaiaioia iai?ioiuo i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo oiiaeia
(i?aaeiaoia o?oaea) i?aaie/anee naycai n i?ioeannii o?oaea e iniiaiuie
i?iecaiaenoaaiiuie oiiaeaie.
A ianoiyuae ?aaioa ?anniao?eaathony iiiyoey, nouiinoue, iacia/aiea e
ninoaa iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa i?aaei?eyoey. Iai?ioiua oiiaeu – iaycaoaeueiue
yeaiaio i?ioeanna i?iecaiaenoaa, iniiaiay /anoue naaanoieiinoe
i?iaeoeoeee. *ai iaiueoa ?anoiae nu?uey, iaoa?eaeia, oiieeaa e yia?aee
ia aaeeieoeo i?iaeoeoeee, oai yeiiiiiaa ?anoiaeoaony o?oae,
cao?a/eaaaiue ia eo aeiau/o e i?iecaiaenoai, oai aeaoaaea i?iaeoeo.
Iaee/ea o i?aaei?eyoey aeinoaoi/iuo iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa yaeyaony
iaiaoiaeeiie i?aaeiinueeie aeey aai ii?iaeueiiai ooieoeeiie?iaaiey a
oneiaeyo ?uii/iie yeiiiieee.
Oeaeue ?aaiou – i?iaiaeece?iaaoue iaania/aiea oe?iu iai?ioiuie
n?aaenoaaie.
Enoiaey ec iinoaaeaiiie oeaee, iiaeii auyaeoue neaaeothuea caaea/e:
– eco/aiea oai?aoe/aneeo iniia iaania/aiiinoe oe?iu iai?ioiuie
n?aaenoaaie;
– e?aoeay oa?aeoa?enoeea aeayoaeueiinoe III «Aaaaeaai»;
– aiaeec eniieueciaaiey iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa a oicyenoaa;
– aiaeec yooaeoeaiinoe eniieueciaaiey iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa a oicyenoaa;
– iaoiaeaeaiea iaoiaeia iiauoaiey yooaeoeaiinoe eniieueciaaiey iai?ioiuo
n?aaenoa;
– ioeaiea i?aaeeaaaaiuo ia?ii?eyoee.
Iauaeoii enneaaeiaaiey yaeyaony III «Aaaaeaai» Oa?ceeianeiai ?aeiia
Eaeoaeneie iaeanoe.
A i?ioeanna iaienaiey eo?niaie ?aaiou eniieueciaaeenue neaaeothuea
iaoiaeu: aeeaeaeoe/aneee, iiiia?aoe/aneee, n?aaieoaeueiue,
noaoenoe/aneee e o.ae.
Enoi/ieeaie aeaiiuo iineoaeeee: o/aaieee, o/aaii-iaoiaee/aneay,
ni?aai/iay e ii?iaoeaiay eeoa?aoo?a, aeaiiua aooaaeoa?neie io/aoiinoe ca
2005 – 2007 aiaeu.
AEAAA 1. OAI?AOE*ANEEA INIIAU IAANIA*AIII*OE OE?IU IAI?IOIUIE
N?AAeNOUAAIE
1.1. IIIssOEA E ?IEUe IAI?IOIUO N?AAeNOA I?AAeI?EssOEss
Iai?ioiue eaieoae (iai?ioiua n?aaenoaa) ioiineony e iiaeeueiui aeoeaai
i?aaei?eyoey, eioi?ua yaeythony aeaiaaeiuie n?aaenoaaie eee iiaoo auoue
ia?auaiu a ieo a oa/aiea i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai i?ioeanna. Ii yeiiiie/aneiio
niaea?aeaieth (noa?ai iai?ioa) iiaeeueiua oiiaeu aeaeyony ia iai?ioiua
i?iecaiaenoaaiiua oiiaeu e oiiaeu ia?auaiey.
E iai?ioiui i?iecaiaenoaaiiui oiiaeai ioiinyony i?aaeiaou o?oaea,
eioi?ua oeaeeeii iio?aaeythony a oa/aiea iaeiiai i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai
oeeeea e iieiinoueth ia?aiinyo naith noieiinoue ia naaanoieiinoue
aioiaie i?iaeoeoeee. Yoi i?iecaiaenoaaiiua caianu nu?uey, iaoa?eaeia,
iieooaa?eeaoia, oiieeai, yia?aey, oa?a, caianiua /anoe, iacaaa?oaiiia
i?iecaiaenoai e ?anoiaeu aoaeoueo ia?eiaeia.
A caaeneiinoe io ?iee, eioi?oth ea?atho i?iecaiaenoaaiiua caianu, a
i?ioeanna i?iecaiaenoaa iie aeaeyony ia neaaeothuea a?oiiu: nu?uea e
iniiaiua iaoa?eaeu, aniiiiaaoaeueiua iaoa?eaeu, iieoiiua iieooaa?eeaou,
iooiaeu (aica?aoiua), oiieeai, oa?a e oa?iua iaoa?eaeu, caianiua /anoe,
iaeioeaiiua e auno?ieciaoeaathueany i?aaeiaou.
Nu?uea e iniiaiua iaoa?eaeu – yoi i?aaeiaou o?oaea, ec eioi?uo
ecaioaaeeaatho i?iaeoeo (iie ninoaaeytho iaoa?eaeueioth iniiao
i?iaeoeoa). I?e yoii nu?ueai iacuaatho i?iaeoeoeeth naeueneiai oicyenoaa
e aeiauaathuae i?iiuoeaiiinoe (ca?ii, oeiiie, iieiei e o. i.), a
iaoa?eaeaie – i?iaeoeou ia?aaaouaathuae i?iiuoeaiiinoe (naoa?, oeaie e
o. i.).
Aniiiiaaoaeueiuie iacuaatho iaoa?eaeu, eioi?ua eniieuecotho aeey
aicaeaenoaey ia nu?uea e iaoa?eaeu aeey i?eaeaiey i?iaeoeoo
ii?aaeaeaiiuo iio?aaeoaeueneeo naienoa eee aeey ooiaea ca i?oaeeyie
o?oaea e iaeaa/aiey i?ioeanna i?iecaiaenoaa (eoe, ia?aoe e ae?oaea
niaoeee a eieaaniii i?iecaiaenoaa, niaci/iua iaoa?eaeu e o. i.).
Ana yoe iieiaeaiey iicaieytho aieaa aeoaiei eco/eoue ninoaa e no?oeoo?o
iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa (oiiaeia) e ii?aaeaeeoue iooe eo iioeiecaoeee.
Aeaiaaeiua n?aaenoaa, i?aaeiacia/aiiua aeey ia?aciaaiey caiania aioiaie
i?iaeoeoeee, a oaeaea /aee e aaenaey e iieo/aieth, caaeieaeaiiinoue
aeoeeiia?ia, ?aciay aeaaeoi?neay caaeieaeaiiinoue, n?aaenoaa ia
?an/aoiuo n/aoao a aaieao e eannao (a?aiaiii naiaiaeiua aeaiaaeiua
n?aaenoaa) i?aaenoaaeytho niaie oiiaeu ia?auaiey.
Iniiaiuie oaeoi?aie, ii?aaeaeythueie aaee/eio iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa,
caiyouo a i?iecaiaenoaa (iai?ioiua i?iecaiaenoaaiiua oiiaeu), yaeythony
aeeeoaeueiinoue i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai oeeeea ecaioiaeaiey i?iaeoeoeee,
o?iaaiue i?aaiecaoeee o?oaea e ?acaeoey oaoieee e niaa?oainoai
oaoiieiaee. A naith i/a?aaeue noiia n?aaenoa ia?auaiey caaeneo a
iniiaiii io oneiaee ?aaeecaoeee i?iaeoeoeee, o?iaiy i?aaiecaoeee nenoaiu
niaaaeaiey e nauoa i?iaeoeoeee.
Niaieoiiinoue aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa, aaaine?iaaiiuo a iiaeeueiua
(iaoiaeyueany a iinoiyiiii aeaeaeaiee) oiiaeu, ia?acoao iai?ioiua
n?aaenoaa i?aaei?eyoey.
Ec i?eaaaeaiiuo iieiaeaiee iiaeii naeaeaoue auaiae, /oi iai?ioiua
n?aaenoaa eniieuecothony aeey:
• i?eia?aoaiey nu?uey, eiiieaeoothueo ecaeaeee e anao ae?oaeo
eiiiiiaioia, iaiaoiaeeiuo aeey i?aaiecaoeee i?iecaiaenoaa;
• iieaou ?ano?nia, iio?aaeyaiuo a i?ioeanna i?iecaiaenoaa a aeaea
yeaeo?iyia?aee, oiieeaa e o. i.;
• auieaou ca?aaioiie ieaou ia iiiaio nicaeaiey i?aaei?eyoey;
• iieaou iaycaoaeueiuo iaeiaia e ieaoaaeae. Iai?ioiua n?aaenoaa a
aeaiaaeiie oi?ia iaeaieeaathony ia ?an/aoiii n/aoa i?aaei?eyoey a aeaea
aeaiaaeiie iaee/iinoe. Yoe noiiu aeieaeiu auoue aeinoaoi/iuie aeey
iia?aoeaiiai eniieueciaaiey ia oeacaiiua oeaee. A yoii e ninoieo caaea/a
ii yooaeoeaiiio oi?aaeaieth oeiainaie oicyenoaothueo noauaeoia. Ia
i?aeoeea iaiaoiaeeii aaeaine?iaaoue e iaeuecy aeiioneaoue iaoaaoee
iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa e eo eceeoeia.
I?e oa?aeoa?enoeea iai?ioiiai eaieoaea e iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa eiaaony
?acieoea a eo oieeiaaiee. Iai?ioiue eaieoae (nu?uea, iaoa?eaeu, ?aai/ay
neea) – yoi noieiinoue, eioi?ay iieiinoueth aeeth/aaony a oeaio
i?iecaiaenoaa oiaa?a.
Iai?ioiua n?aaenoaa – yoi noiia, iaiaoiaeeiay e aeinoaoi/iay aeey
ii?iaeueiie i?aaiecaoeee i?iecaiaenoaa. Eo aaee/eia aeey iia?aoeaiiai
eniieueciaaiey a oeaeyo iaania/aiey ii?iaeueiuo i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo
oneiaee ?ann/eouaaaony ia iniiaa ii?aaeaeaiiie iaoiaeeee (iainiiaaiea
ii?iaoeaa iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa i?aaei?eyoey).
Iai?ioiua n?aaenoaa iiae?acaeaeythony ii iaoiaeo ieaie?iaaiey ia
ii?ie?oaiua e iaii?ie?oaiua e ii enoi/ieeai oi?ie?iaaiey – ia
nianoaaiiua e caaiiua.
Nianoaaiiua iai?ioiua n?aaenoaa iinoiyiii iaoiaeyony a ?anii?yaeaiee
i?aaei?eyoey e oi?ie?othony ca n/ao nianoaaiiuo ?ano?nia (i?eaueue e
ae?.) eee i?e?aaiaiiuo e iei onoie/eauo ianneaia a aeaea n?aaenoa,
aaaine?iaaiiuo ia iieaoo o?oaea, ii a?aiaiii naiaiaeiuo e o. i.
Caaiiua n?aaenoaa i?aaenoaaeaiu e?aaeeoaie aaieia, e?aaeeoi?neie
caaeieaeaiiinoueth e i?i/eie ianneaaie.
Ii ?iee a ia?aciaaiee i?eauee iai?ioiua n?aaenoaa yaeythony eeth/aaui
yeaiaioii aeoeaia i?iecaiaenoaa i?eauee. E iei ioiinyony n?aaenoaa
i?iecaiaenoaa, aeiaeaiiua a: i?iecaiaenoaaiiua caianu; iaeioeaiiua e
auno?ieciaoeaathueany i?aaeiaou i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai i?ioeanna;
iacaaa?oaiiia i?iecaiaenoai; aioiaoth, ii ia?aaeeciaaiioth i?iaeoeoeeth;
a oaeaea aaainu, auaeaiiua iinoaaueeai (i?aaeiieaoa).
Aeoeau i?iecaiaenoaa i?eauee anoue n?aaenoaa, iai?aaeaiiua a
iaoa?eaeueiia e oeiainiaia iaania/aiea i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai i?ioeanna,
eoiaii eioi?iai yaeyaony i?eaueue i?aaei?eyoey.
Eeth/aaia cia/aiea aeoeaia i?iecaiaenoaa i?eauee ninoieo a oii, /oi yoi
– oa /anoue iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa (oiiaeia), eioi?ay «aeaeaao aeaiueae».
Ia?aay /anoue iai?ioiuo oiiaeia aia aeoeaia i?iecaiaenoaa i?eauee
i?aaenoaaeyao niaie n?aaenoaa, eioi?ua ioaea/aiu, «eaaeao»,
«iooaoanoaotho» e o. ae., ii a aeaiiue iiiaio ia ?aaioatho.
Iniaaiiinoue iaieaoaaeaniiniaiuo i?aaei?eyoee ninoieo a oii, /oi aeey
ieo oa?aeoa?ai aacoaea?aeiue ?ino iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa ioiineoaeueii iannu
aeoeaia i?iecaiaenoaa i?eauee.
Nianoaaiiue eaieoae ieaoaaeaniiniaiuo i?aaei?eyoee ii/oe iieiinoueth
iie?uaae aeoeau i?iecaiaenoaa i?eauee. Iaeiaei iie iinoaiaiii oa?ytho
naie eaieoae e iie?uoea eiaao oaiaeaioeeth e oiaiueoaieth.
Iaieaoaaeaniiniaiua i?aaei?eyoey ooa?yee niiniaiinoue iie?uoey
nianoaaiiui eaieoaeii aeoeaia i?iecaiaenoaa i?eauee (niiniaiu eeoue ia
10-25 %). Iniiaiie i?e/eiie eiiiaeeecaoeee nianoaaiiuo n?aaenoa yaeyaony
ia?aaiae iai?ioiuo oiiaeia a iniiaiua. Iie iiiai no?iyo, a oii /enea ca
n/ao iai?ioiuo oiiaeia, e aeoeaii iieuecothony n?aaenoaaie aaieia.
Ianeoaeeaay iaieaoaaeaniiniaiua i?aaei?eyoey, aaiee ?aaioatho a ciia
iiauoaiiiai ?enea e oaeaea noaeeeaathony n iaieaoaaeaie, a oii /enea n
aacaica?aoiuie. Iniiaiui enoi/ieeii oi?ie?iaaiey iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa
iaieaoaaeaniiniaiuo i?aaei?eyoee yaeythony ?ano?nu ae?oaeo i?aaei?eyoee.
I?e/ai iie iiaeiuatho a 3 ?aca aieueoa n?aaenoa, /ai ei iaiaoiaeeii aeey
iie?uoey nianoaaiiuo aeoeaia i?iecaiaenoaa i?eauee. Iie inouanoaeytho
o?aiceo ?ano?nia e ae?oaiio iieueciaaoaeth.
I?e oaeii iieiaeaiee aeae aeaaiie ooieoeeae iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa
noaiiaeony ia i?iecaiaenoai i?eauee, a niaea?aeaiea aeaaeoi?ia eee oao,
eiio aac i?aaeiieaou i?aaei?eyoea ioa?oaeaao i?iaeoeoeeth eee ieacuaaao
oneoae. *anoue /oaeeo n?aaenoa inaaeaao ia aaethoiuo n/aoao i?aaei?eyoee
e iai?aaeyaony ia niaea?aeaiea aeoeaia i?iecaiaenoaa i?eauee. Aiaeec
naeaeaoaeuenoaoao, /oi ianeieueei aeanyoeia i?aaei?eyoee no?aiu iiaeeyee
ia ?acaeoea iaieaoaaeaniiniaiinoe oae, /oi iia noaea ?ani?ino?aieaoaeny
ii?iie yeiiiie/aneiai iiaaaeaiey. Ii aioo?aiiei iioeaai
iaieaoaaeaniiniaiinoue anoue neaaenoaea eioa?ana ?oeiaiaeeoaeae
(iaiaaeaea?ia) i?aaei?eyoee a iiai/iuo auaiaeao, iiieii ?acoeueoaoia
i?iecaiaenoaa.
Auoa aeaia oa?aeoa?enoeea ia oieueei nouiinoe, ii e ninoaaa iai?ioiuo
n?aaenoa. Niioiioaiea iaaeaeo ioaeaeueiuie yeaiaioaie iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa
(a i?ioeaioao) eee ninoaaiuie /anoyie oa?aeoa?ecoao eo no?oeoo?o. Oae,
i?aaei?eyoey ?ann/eouaatho aeieth iai?ioiuo i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo oiiaeia a
niaieoiiie aaee/eia iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa, oaeaeueiue aan nu?uey e iniiaiuo
iaoa?eaeia, aeieth aeoeaia i?iecaiaenoaa i?eauee e ae?.
Yeiiiieea iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa (iaoa?eaeueiuo ?ano?nia) ieacuaaao
aicaeaenoaea ia oeo/oaiea anao iniiaiuo iieacaoaeae aeayoaeueiinoe
i?aaei?eyoey: oaaee/aiea iauaiia auionea i?iaeoeoeee, iiauoaiea
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe o?oaea, nieaeaiea naaanoieiinoe i?iaeoeoeee (ia
aeieth iaoa?eaeueiuo cao?ao i?eoiaeeony aieaa 70 % anao ecaea?aeae
i?iecaiaenoaa a io?aneyo ii auioneo oiaa?ia) e o.i.
1.2. NINOAA IAI?IOIUO N?AAeNOA
Eiouanoaii i?aaei?eyoey yaeythony oaeaea iai?ioiua n?aaenoaa, aeoeau,
eioi?ua i?aaenoaaeytho niaie niaieoiiinoue iai?ioiuo oiiaeia e oiiaeia
ia?auaiey a noieiinoiie oi?ia. Yoi aeaiaaeiua n?aaenoaa, iaiaoiaeeiua
i?aaei?eyoeth aeey nicaeaiey i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo ia neeaaeao e a
i?iecaiaenoaa, aeey ?an/aoia n iinoaaueeaie, athaeaeaoii, aeey auieaou
ca?aaioiie ieaou e o.i.
Iiae ninoaaii iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa iiieiatho niaieoiiinoue yeaiaioia,
ia?acothueo iai?ioiua n?aaenoaa. Aeaeaiea iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa ia
iai?ioiua i?iecaiaenoaaiiua oiiaeu e oiiaeu ia?auaiey ii?aaeaeyaony
iniaaiiinoyie eo eniieueciaaiey e ?ani?aaeaeaiey a noa?ao i?iecaiaenoaa
i?iaeoeoeee e aa ?aaeecaoeee.
Aeey iaania/aiey aania?aaieiiai i?ioeanna i?iecaiaenoaa ia?yaeo n
iniiaiuie i?iecaiaenoaaiiuie oiiaeaie iaiaoiaeeiu i?aaeiaou o?oaea,
iaoa?eaeueiua ?ano?nu. I?aaeiaou o?oaea aianoa ni n?aaenoaaie o?oaea
o/anoaotho a nicaeaiee i?iaeoeoa o?oaea, aai iio?aaeoaeueiie noieiinoe e
ia?aciaaiee noieiinoe. Iai?io aauanoaaiiuo yeaiaioia iai?ioiuo
i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo oiiaeia (i?aaeiaoia o?oaea) i?aaie/anee naycai n
i?ioeannii o?oaea e iniiaiuie i?iecaiaenoaaiiuie oiiaeaie.
?anniio?ei iiiyoey, nouiinoue, iacia/aiea e ninoaa iai?ioiuo oiiaeia e
iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa i?aaei?eyoey. Iiiyoey yoe ia oiaeaeanoaaiiu.
Iai?ioiua oiiaeu – iaycaoaeueiue yeaiaio i?ioeanna i?iecaiaenoaa,
iniiaiay /anoue naaanoieiinoe i?iaeoeoeee. *ai iaiueoa ?anoiae nu?uey,
iaoa?eaeia, oiieeaa e yia?aee ia aaeeieoeo i?iaeoeoeee, oai yeiiiiiaa
?anoiaeoaony o?oae, cao?a/eaaaiue ia eo aeiau/o e i?iecaiaenoai, oai
aeaoaaea i?iaeoeo. Iaee/ea o i?aaei?eyoey aeinoaoi/iuo iai?ioiuo
n?aaenoa yaeyaony iaiaoiaeeiie i?aaeiinueeie aeey aai ii?iaeueiiai
ooieoeeiie?iaaiey a oneiaeyo ?uii/iie yeiiiieee.
Naiia aeaaiia, /oi iaiaoiaeeii onaieoue, – yoi /oi aeaao i?aaei?eyoeth
yooaeoeaiia eniieueciaaiea iai?ioiuo oiiaeia e iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa e
eaeea ia?ii?eyoey iiaoo niinianoaiaaoue nieaeaieth iaoa?eaeiaieinoe
i?iaeoeoeee e onei?aieth iai?a/eaaaiinoe iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa.
E iai?ioiui i?iecaiaenoaaiiui oiiaeai i?iiuoeaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee
ioiineony /anoue n?aaenoa i?iecaiaenoaa (i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo oiiaeia),
aauanoaaiiua yeaiaiou eioi?uo a i?ioeanna o?oaea, a ioee/ea io iniiaiuo
i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo oiiaeia, ?anoiaeothony a eaaeaeii i?iecaiaenoaaiiii
oeeeea, e eo noieiinoue ia?aiineony ia i?iaeoeo o?oaea oeaeeeii e n?aco.
Aauanoaaiiua yeaiaiou iai?ioiuo oiiaeia a i?ioeanna o?oaea i?aoa?iaaatho
eciaiaiey naiae iaoo?aeueiie oi?iu e oeceei-oeie/aneeo n?aaenoa. Iie
oa?ytho naith iio?aaeoaeueioth noieiinoue ii ia?a eo i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai
iio?aaeaiey. Iiaay iio?aaeyaiay noieiinoue aicieeaao a aeaea
au?aaioaiiie ec ieo i?iaeoeoeee. Iai?ioiua i?iecaiaenoaaiiua oiiaeu
i?aaei?eyoee ninoiyo o?ao /anoae:
– i?iecaiaenoaaiiua caianu;
– iacaaa?oaiiia i?iecaiaenoai e iieooaa?eeaou nianoaaiiiai ecaioiaeaiey;
– ?anoiaeu aoaeoueo ia?eiaeia.
I?iecaiaenoaaiiua caianu – yoi i?aaeiaou o?oaea, iiaeaioiaeaiiua aeey
caionea a i?iecaiaenoaaiiue i?ioeann; ninoiyo iie ec nu?uey, iniiaiuo e
aniiiiaaoaeueiuo iaoa?eaeia, oiieeaa, ai?th/aai, iieoiiuo iieooaa?eeaoia
e eiiieaeoothueo ecaeaeee, oa?u e oa?iuo iaoa?eaeia, caianiuo /anoae
aeey oaeouaai ?aiiioa iniiaiuo oiiaeia.
Iacaaa?oaiiia i?iecaiaenoai e iieooaa?eeaou nianoaaiii ecaioiaeaiey –
yoi i?aaeiaou o?oaea, anooieaoea a i?iecaiaenoaaiiue i?ioeann:
iaoa?eaeu, aeaoaee, oceu e ecaeaeey, iaoiaeyueany a i?ioeanna ia?aaioee
eee nai?ee, a oaeaea iieooaa?eeaou nianoaaiiiai ecaioiaeaiey, ia
caeii/aiiua iieiinoueth i?iecaiaenoaii a iaeieo oeaoao i?aaei?eyoey e
iiaeeaaeauea aeaeueiaeoae ia?aaioea a ae?oaeo oeaoao oiai aea
i?aaei?eyoey.
?anoiaeu aoaeoueo ia?eiaeia – yoi iaaauanoaaiiua yeaiaiou iai?ioiuo
oiiaeia, aeeth/athuea cao?aou ia iiaeaioiaeo e inaiaiea iiaie
i?iaeoeoeee, eioi?ua i?iecaiaeyony a aeaiiii ia?eiaea (eaa?oae, aiae),
ii ioiinyony ia i?iaeoeoeeth aoaeouaai ia?eiaea (iai?eia?, cao?aou ia
eiino?oe?iaaiea e ?ac?aaioeo oaoiieiaee iiauo aeaeia ecaeaeee, ia
ia?anoaiiaeo iai?oaeiaaiey e ae?.)
Iai?ioiua i?iecaiaenoaaiiua oiiaeu a naiai aeaeaeaiee oaeaea naycaiu n
oiiaeaie ia?auaiey, ianeoaeeaathueie noa?o ia?auaiey. Iie aeeth/atho
aioiaoth i?iaeoeoeeth ia neeaaeao, oiaa?u a iooe, aeaiaaeiua n?aaenoaa e
n?aaenoaa a ?an/?oao n iio?aaeoaeyie aioiaie i?iaeoeoeee, a /anoiinoe,
aeaaeoi?neoth caaeieaeaiiinoue. Niaieoiiinoue aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa
i?aaei?eyoey, i?aaeiacia/aiiuo aeey ia?aciaaiey iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa e
oiiaeia ia?auaiey, ninoaaeyao iai?ioiua n?aaenoaa i?aaei?eyoey.
Iaeia ec aeaaiuo caaea/ a oneiaeyo ia?aoiaea e ?uii/iie yeiiiieea –
eioaineoeeaoeey i?iecaiaenoaa i?e iaoeeiiiii niaethaeaiee i?eioeeia
?ano?ninaa?aaeaiey.
A iauae nenoaia ia?ii?eyoee ii iaania/aieth ?aaeeia yeiiiiee iniiaiia
ianoi caieiaao yeiiiiey i?aaeiaoia o?oaea, iiae eioi?ie i?eiyoi
iiieiaoue oiaiueoaiea cao?ao nu?uey, iaoa?eaeia, oiieeaa ia aaeeieoeo
i?iaeoeoeee, ?acoiaaony, aac eaeiai au oi auei oua?aa aeey ea/anoaa,
iaaeaaeiinoe e aeieaiaa/iinoe ecaeaeey.
Yeiiiie/aneia cia/aiea yeiiiiee iai?ioiuo oiiaeia a nia?aiaiiuo oneiaeyo
au?aaeaaony a neaaeothuai:
· Nieaeaiea oaeaeueiuo ?anoiaeia nu?uey, iaoa?eaeia, oiieeaa
iaania/eaaao i?iecaiaenoao aieueoea yeiiiie/aneea auaiaeu. Iii i?aaeaea
anaai aeaao aiciiaeiinoue ec aeaiiiai eiee/anoaa iaoa?eaeueiuo ?ano?nia
au?aaioaoue aieueoa aioiaie i?iaeoeoeee e aunooiaao iiyoiio eae iaeia ec
na?ue?ciuo i?aaeiinueie oaaee/aiey ianooaaia i?iecaiaenoaa.
· Yeiiiiey iaoa?eaeueiuo ?ano?nia, aiaae?aiea a i?iecaiaenoai iiauo,
aieaa yeiiiie/iuo iaoa?eaeia niinianoaotho onoaiiaeaieth a i?ioeanna
aini?iecaiaenoaa aieaa i?ia?anneaiuo i?iii?oeee iaaeaeo ioaeaeueiuie
io?aneyie, aeinoeaeaieth aieaa niaa?oaiiie io?aneaaie no?oeoo?u
i?iiuoeaiiiai i?iecaiaenoaa.
· No?aieaiea e yeiiiiee iaoa?eaeueiuo ?ano?nia iiaoaeaeaao e aiaae?aieth
iiaie oaoieee e niaa?oainoaiaaieth oaoiieiae/aneeo i?ioeannia.
· Yeiiiiey a iio?aaeaiee iaoa?eaeueiuo ?ano?nia niinianoaoao oeo/oaieth
eniieueciaaiey i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo iiuiinoae e iiauoaieth iauanoaaiiie
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe o?oaea. Oaea naii ii naaa oiaiueoaiea oaeaeueiuo
cao?ao i?ioeiai, iaauanoaeaiiiai o?oaea icia/aao ?ino
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiinoe iauanoaaiiiai o?oaea. Ii aeaei ia oieueei a yoii –
yeiiiiey iaoa?eaeueiuo ?ano?nia aea/ao ca niaie yeiiiieth cao?ao oaeaea
e aeeaiai o?oaea: nie?auaaony ioiineoaeueiue ?anoiae ?aai/ae neeu ia
o?ainii?oe?iaeo iaoa?eaeia, eo ioa?oceo e aua?oceo, ia eo o?aiaiea.
· Yeiiiiey iaoa?eaeueiuo ?ano?nia a ia?iiiie ia?a niinianoaoao
nieaeaieth naaanoieiinoe i?iiuoeaiiie i?iaeoeoeee. Oaea a ianoiyuaa
a?aiy ia aeieth iaoa?eaeueiuo cao?ao i?eoiaeeony 3/4 anao ecaea?aeae
i?iecaiaenoaa. A aeaeueiaeoai, n ?inoii oaoie/aneiai o?iaiy
i?iecaiaenoaa, aeiey iaauanoaeaiiiai o?oaea a iaueo cao?aoao ii
i?iecaiaenoao i?iaeoeoeee aoaeao i?iaeieaeaoue iiauoaoueny, e,
neaaeiaaoaeueii, oeo/oaiea eniieueciaaiey i?aaeiaoia o?oaea e n?aaenoa
o?oaea aoaeao yaeyoueny iniiaiui iai?aaeaieai yeiiiiee iauanoaaiiuo
ecaea?aeae i?iecaiaenoaa.
· Nouanoaaiii aeeyy ia nieaeaiea naaanoieiinoe i?iaeoeoeee, yeiiiiey
iaoa?eaeueiuo ?ano?nia ieacuaaao iieiaeeoaeueiia aicaeaenoaea e ia
oeiainiaia ninoiyiea i?aaei?eyoey.
Oaeei ia?acii, cia/aiea yeiiiie/aneie yooaeoeaiinoe oeo/oaiey
eniieueciaaiey e yeiiiiee iai?ioiuo oiiaeia aanueia aaeeei, iineieueeo
iie ieacuaatho iieiaeeoaeueiia aicaeaenoaea ia ana noi?iiu
i?iecaiaenoaaiiie e oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaei?eyoey.
1.3. IAOIAeEEA ?AN*AOA ENIIEUeCIAAIEss IAI?IOIUO N?AAeNOA
Iai?ioiua n?aaenoaa iineaaeiaaoaeueii ia?aoiaeyo ec iaeiie noaaeee
e?oaiiai?ioa a ae?oaoth. *ai auno?aa inouanoaeyaony yoi aeaeaeaiea, oai
iaiueoa i?aaei?eyoeth o?aaoaony iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa. Oaeei ia?acii,
yooaeoeaiinoue eniieueciaaiey iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa aeeyao ia oeiainiaua
?acoeueoaou ethaiai i?iecaiaenoaa.
Aaaeiaeoeie iieacaoaeyie yooaeoeaiinoe eniieueciaaiey iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa
naeueneioicyenoaaiiuie i?aaei?eyoeyie yaeythony neaaeothuea:
eiyooeoeeaio iai?a/eaaaiinoe, i?iaeieaeeoaeueiinoue iaeiiai iai?ioa,
eiyooeoeeaio caa?ocee (cae?aieaiey) iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa.
Eiyooeoeeaio iai?a/eaaaiinoe (E), eioi?ue oa?aeoa?ecoao /enei iai?ioia
iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa ca ii?aaeaeaiiue ia?eiae a?aiaie eee iauai au?o/ee,
iieo/aiiue ia 1 ?oa. iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa. Ii ?ann/eouaaaony ii oi?ioea:
E = A? / In?
aaea A? —- au?o/ea io ?aaeecaoeee i?iaeoeoeee, ?aaio, oneoa ca
ii?aaeaeaiiue ia?eiae a?aiaie, ?oa.;
In? — n?aaeiee inoaoie iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa ca oio aea ia?eiae, ?oa.
I?iaeieaeeoaeueiinoue iaeiiai iai?ioa (A) iieacuaaao, ca eaeie ia?eiae
oicyenoao aica?auathony aai iai?ioiua n?aaenoaa a aeaea au?o/ee io
?aaeecaoeee i?iaeoeoeee:
O = Ae / E
aaea Ae — /enei aeiae a ia?eiaea, ca eioi?ue en/eneyaony
iai?a/eaaaiinoue (90, 180, 360 aeiae).
Iai?a/eaaaiinoue n?aaenoa a naeueneii oicyenoaa /aua anaai en/eneyaony
ca aiae, o. a. ca iieiue oeeee i?iecaiaenoaa.
Eiyooeoeeaio caa?ocee (cae?aieaiey) iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa (Ec) —aaee/eia,
ia?aoiay eiyooeoeeaioo iai?a/eaaaiinoe, oa?aeoa?ecothuay oiiaeiaieinoue
iai?ioa. Yoio iieacaoaeue oa?aeoa?ecoaocao?aou iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa ia
iieo/aiea 1 ?oa. au?o/ee io ?aaeecaoeee i?iaeoeoeee.
Ec = 1 / E = In? / A?
Auoiae aaeiaie i?iaeoeoeee ia 1 ?oa. iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa:
Iio = Ai / In?
aaea Ai — noieiinoue aaeiaie i?iaeoeoeee naeueneiai oicyenoaa, oun. ?oa.
Onei?aiea iai?a/eaaaiinoe iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa ii?aaeaeythony iieacaoaeyie
aaniethoiiai e ioiineoaeueiiai aunaiaiaeaeaiey. Aaniethoiia
aunaiaiaeaeaiea iieacuaaao nieaeaiea noiu iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa a oaeouai
aiaeo ii n?aaiaieth n i?aaeuaeouei i?e oii aea iauaia ?aaeecaoeee
i?iaeoeoeee. Ioiineoaeueiia aunaiaiaeaeaiea eiaao ianoi, eiaaea oaiiu
?inoa iauaia i?iaeaae iia?aaeatho oaiiu ?inoa iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa.
Eciaiaiea ?acia?a iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa ( INo) ca n/ao onei?aiey
(caiaaeeaiey) iai?a/eaaaiinoe:
Ino = A?i * (Oi – Oa)/ Ae
aaea A?i — au?o/ea, iieo/aiiay a io/aoiii ia?eiaea;
Oi e Oa — i?iaeieaeeoaeueiinoue iaeiiai iai?ioa a aeiyo a io/aoiue e
aaceniue ia?eiaeu; Ae — /enei aeiae a ia?eiaea, ca eioi?ue en/eneyaony
iai?a/eaaaiinoue (iau/ii 360 aeiae).
Iieiaeeoaeueiue ?acoeueoao (?acoeueoao ni ciaeii « + »)
naeaeaoaeuenoaoao i oii, /oi oicyenoai ianao oua?a io caiaaeeaiey
nei?inoe iai?ioa e o?aaoaony aiaea/aiea aeiiieieoaeueiuo n?aaenoa a
iai?io.
Ii?ia i?eauee (?aioaaaeueiinoue oiiaeia, iniiaiuo e iai?ioiuo):
Ii = I? / On? + In? * 100%.
Aaea In? – n?aaeiaaiaeiaay noieiinoue ii?ie?oaiuo iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa;
On? – n?aaeiaaiaeiaay aaeainiaay (eee ainnoaiiaeoaeueiay 0 noieiinoue
iniiaiuo oiiaeia.
Iiaoo oaeaea ?ann/eouaaoueny e /anoiua iieacaoaee iai?a/eaaaiinoe ii oai
aea oi?ioeai, /oi e iauea, ii n?aaeiaaiaeiaay aaee/eia iai?ioiuo
n?aaenoa aa?aony ii ioaeaeueiui yeaiaioai.
Iaiaoiaeeii oaeaea ?ann/eoaoue iaoa?eaeiaieinoue e iaoa?eaeiioaea/o,
eioi?ua iaoiaeyony ii neaaeothuei oi?ioeai:
o Iaoa?eaeiaieinoue:
Ia = IC / AI,
aaea IC – iaoa?eaeueiua cao?aou i?iecaiaenoaa i?iaeoeoeee, oun.?oa.
AI – noieiinoue aaeiaie i?iaeoeoeee ca aiae, oun.?oa.
o Iaoa?eaeiioaea/a – iieacaoaeue, ia?aoiue iaoa?eaeiaieinoe.
AEAAA 2. AIAEEC YOOAEOEAIINOE ENIIEUeCIAAIEss IAI?IOIUO N?AAeNOA A III
«AAAAEAAI»
2.1. I?AAIECAOeEIIII–YEIIIIE*ANEAss E OEIAINIAAss OA?AEOA?ENOEEA
I?AAeI?EssOEss
Iauanoai n ia?aie/aiiie ioaaonoaaiiinoueth «Aaaaeaai» o/?aaeaeaii ia
iniiaaiee ?aoaiey Iauaai nia?aiey /eaiia NIE «Aaaaeaai» io «01» iiya?y
2006 a. iooai ?ai?aaiecaoeee a oi?ia i?aia?aciaaiey
Naeueneioicyenoaaiiiai i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai eiiia?aoeaa «Aaaaeaai» a
Iauanoai n ia?aie/aiiie ioaaonoaaiiinoueth «Aaaaeaai», n ia?aaea/ae
Iauanoao anao i?aa e iaycaiiinoae ?ai?aaieciaaiiiai NIE «Aaaaeaai» a
niioaaonoaee n Ia?aaeaoi/iui aeoii, ooaa?aeaeaiiui Iauei nia?aieai
/eaiia NIE «Aaaaeaai».
O/?aaeeoaeyie Iauanoaa yaeythony /eaiu ?ai?aaieciaaiiiai
Naeueneioicyenoaaiiiai i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai eiiia?aoeaa «Aaaaeaai».
Iauanoai nicaeaii a oeaeyo: iieo/aiey i?eauee, i?iecaiaenoaa
iao/ii-oaoie/aneie i?iaeoeoeee e oiaa?ia ia?iaeiiai iio?aaeaiey,
?anoe?aiey noa?u ianeoaeeaaiey, a oaeaea inouanoaeaiey eiie
aeayoaeueiinoe a niioaaonoaee n Onoaaii Iauanoaa.
Iniiaiuie aeaeaie aeayoaeueiinoe yaeythony:
– ?acaaaeaiea e nauo e?oiiiai ?iaaoiai neioa, iaaoe e eic;
– i?iecaiaenoai, caaioiaea, ia?a?aaioea e ?aaeecaoeey
naeueneioicyenoaaiiie, aeeaioiiaiae/aneie, caa?iaiae/aneie i?iaeoeoeee;
– I?iecaiaenoai iyna naeueneioicyenoaaiiie ioeoeu e e?ieeeia;
– Ia?a?aaioea iieiea e i?iecaiaenoai nu?a;
– I?iecaiaenoai iyna;
– Au?aueaaiea ei?iiauo eoeueoo?, caaioiaea ?anoeoaeueiuo ei?iia;
– aaoa?eia?iay ea/aaii – i?ioeeaeoe/aneay e aeeaaiinoe/aneay
aeayoaeueiinoue;
– I?aaeinoaaeaiea oneoa a iaeanoe ?anoaieaaiaenoaa e aeeaioiiaiaenoaa;
– i?iaaaeaiea e o/anoea a i?aaiecaoeee aunoaaie, yeniiceoeee,
aeaiiino?aoeee i?iaeoeoeee, i?iaaaeaiea eiieo?nia, eiioa?aioeee a ?innee
e ca ?oaaaeii;
– nicaeaiea e ?acaeoea iiaeniaiuo i?iiuneia e i?iecaiaenoaa ii auioneo
i?iaeoeoeee, oiaa?ia ia?iaeiiai iio?aaeaiey e inouanoaeaiea eo
?aaeecaoeee;
– ?anieeiaea e no?iaaiea ae?aaaneiu; i?iieoea ae?aaaneiu;
– I?aaeinoaaeaiea iin?aaeie/aneeo oneoa i?e iieoiea, i?iaeaaea e a?aiaea
iaaeeeiai iaaeaeaeeiiai eiouanoaa;
– Aeayoaeueiinoue noieiauo i?e i?aaei?eyoeyo e o/?aaeaeaieyo e iinoaaea
i?iaeoeoeee iauanoaaiiiai ieoaiey;
– Ethaua eiua aeaeu oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe, ia cai?auaiiua
caeiiiaeaoaeueiuie aeoaie ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee.
Onoaaiue eaieoae Iauanoaa ia iiiaio o/?aaeaeaiey iauyaeyaony a ?acia?a
1138500 (iaeei ieeeeii noi o?eaeoeaoue ainaiue ouny/ iyouenio) ?oaeae.
Onoaaiue eaieoae oi?ie?oaony: – ec aeeaaeia O/?aaeeoaeae (O/anoieeia) a
Onoaaiue eaieoae;
– ca n/ao Onoaaiiai eaieoaea, ?ai?aaiecoaiiai a oi?ia i?aia?aciaaiey NIE
«Aaaaeaai»;
– aeioiaeia io inouanoaeaiey onoaaiie aeayoaeueiinoe;
– io/eneaiee io i?eaueae i?aaei?eyoee (oicyenoaaiiuo oiaa?euanoa e
iauanoa), nicaeaiiuo Iauanoaii naiinoiyoaeueii, eeai n o/anoeai ae?oaeo
th?eaee/aneeo e (eee) oece/aneeo eeoe;
– aeia?iaieueiuo iiaea?oaiaaiee th?eaee/aneeo e (eee) oece/aneeo eeoe;
– ae?oaeo enoi/ieeia, eniieueciaaiea eioi?uo ia cai?auaii aeaenoaothuei
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii.
Aunoei i?aaiii Iauanoaa yaeyaony Iauaa nia?aiea o/anoieeia.
Aaeeiiee/iui eniieieoaeueiui i?aaiii iauanoaa yaeyaony Eniieieoaeueiue
aee?aeoi?, eioi?ue ecae?aaony iauei nia?aieai o/anoieeia ia n?ie aei 5
(iyoe) eao.
III «Aaaaeaai» ?aniieiaeaii a oeaio?aeueiie /anoe Oa?ceeianeiai ?aeiia
Eaeoaeneie iaeanoe. Oeaio?aeueiay onaaeueaa III ae.Aaaaeaai
-?aniieiaeaia a 20 ei e caiaaeo io ?aeiiiiai oeaio?a iin.Oa?ceeiai e a
25 ei io iaeanoiiai oeaio?a a.Eaeoae, aeeaeaeoay aeaeaciiaei?iaeiay
noaioeey -AEaeyaoaeneay ?aniieiaeaia a 7 ei io oeaio?aeueiie onaaeueau.
Iyni oicyenoai naeaao a a.Eaeoaa ( aua?aeiaea ia Eaeoaeneee
iynieiiaeiao), iieiei – a Oa?ona (Oa?onneee iieieicaaiae «Iieiei») e
Eaeoaa (nauo ia eaeoaeneii ?uiea).
Naycue oeaio?aeueiie onaaeueau III n ?aeiiiui e iaeanoiui oeaio?ii, a
oaeaea n aeaeaciiaei?iaeiie noaioeeae inouanoaeyaony ii oinnaeiie
aei?iaa, a iaaeaeo ianaeaiiuie ioieoaie ii a?oioiaui aei?iaai.
I?iecaiaenoaaiiua oeaio?u ?aciauathony a aea?aaiyo Aieaeaniaea,
Aaaaeaai, Iiaay Aea?aaiy.
Iiaieiauea E?N a ianoaeuiue ia?eiae niaea?aeeony a eaoieo eaaa?yo ii
anaio caieaiieueciaaieth.
NIE «Aaaaeaai» eiaao aeeaioiiaiae/aneia iai?aaeaiea, iyni – iiei/iay
niaoeeaeecaoeey. A III ooieoeeiie?oao oeaoiaay no?oeoo?a oi?aaeaiey
i?iecaiaenoaii n oeaoaie ?anoaieaaiaenoaa, aeeaioiiaiaenoaa, oeao
no?ieoaeuenoaa, iaoaiecaoeee e iieieii?eaiiue ioieo. Ca oeaoaie
?anoaieaaiaenoaa cae?aieaiu ana iaoioiua caiee e ei?iiaua oaiaeuey.
Ii eeeiaoe/aneei oneiaeyi caieaiieueciaaiea ?aniieiaeaii a ciia
oia?aiii- eiioeiaioaeueiiai eeeiaoa e oa?aeoa?ecoaony oia?aiii aea?eei
aeaaeiui eaoii e oia?aiii oieiaeiie ceiie.
N?aaeiaa eiee/anoai inaaeeia a aiaeo ninoaaeyao 620 ii. Caianu aeaae a
ii/aa aeinoaoi/iu aeey aicaeaeuaaiey n/o eoeueoo?.
?aeueao oa??eoi?ee oicyenoaa i?aaenoaaeyao niaie neaai?an/eaiaiioth
ii?aii-y?iceiiioth ?aaieio. ?an/eaiaiiinoue iaaeaeo?a/ee
ia?aaeii-aaei/iie naoueth n?aaeiyy. Aiaei?acaeaeueiua i?ino?ainoaa
eiatho ieinei – auioeeoth oi?io. Ia?aae n?aaeiae aeoaeiu n e?oiiuie
neeiiaie e oceeie, eiiaaea caaiei/aiiuie aeieuaie. Aeaenoaothueo
ia?aaia, i?iiiei a oicyenoaa iao.
Aeae?ia?aoe/aneay naoue oicyenoaa i?aaenoaaeaia aeaoiy e?oiiuie ?aeaie:
?.Ieie e Eaeoaeneie, oae aea ?. Iaeueiy, Iae?aniaea.
Oa??eoi?ey oicyenoaa ?aniieiaeaia a i?aaeaeao eaniie ciiu a iiaeciia
oe?ieieenoaaiiuo eania. Ia oa??eoi?eyo oicyenoaa ?ani?ino?aiaiu a
iniiaiii aea?iiai-neaaiiiaecieenoua ii/au. Iaaieueoie i?ioeaio caieiatho
naaoei-na?ua eaniua e na?ua eaniua ii/au e ianeieueei aieueoee i?ioeaio
caieiatho oaiii-na?ua eaniua ii/au.
Anoanoaaiiua ei?iiaua oaiaeuey i?aaenoaaeaiu nooiaeieueiuie naiieinaie e
ianoaeuaie. Naiieinu a iniiaiii caieiatho iaaieueoea o/anoee n?aaee
eana, ii neeiiai e aeieuai aaeie e i?aaenoaaeytho niaie ?aciio?aaiua
eoaa n iano?ui aeaeiaui ninoaaii o?aa: oeiioaaaea, iyoeee, ianyieoea,
aaea nai?iay e ae?. Ianoaeua ?aniieiaeaiu a iniiaiii ii iieiai ?a/ae e
ii neeiiai ia?aaia. O?aainoie ianoaeu iaeii?iaeoeoeaai.
Iauoth no?oeoo?o III “Aaaaeaai” ninoaaeytho 4 oeaoa (?anoaieaaiaenoai,
aeeaioiiaiaenoai, iaoaiecaoeee, no?ieoaeueiue), 1 i?aaiecaoeey ii
oi?aaeaieth i?aaei?eyoeai, iieieii?eaiiue ioieo, 4 oa?iu, noieiaay.
I?iecaiaenoaaiioth no?oeoo?o oicyenoaa ninoaaeytho: 2 oeaoa –
?anoaieaaiaenoaa (i?iecaiaenoai ei?iia), aeeaioiiaiaenoaa (i?iecaiaenoai
iieiea); oeao aeeaioiiaiaenoaa aeeth/aao a naay 4 oa?iu ii i?iecaiaenoao
iieiea – aieaeanianeay, iiaiaea?aaaineay, aeaa oeaio?aeueiua.
I?iecaiaenoaaiiua i?ioeannu a oicyenoaa iiaeii ioa?aeoa?eciaaoue
neaaeothuei ia?acii. A oeaoa ?anoaieaaiaenoaa i?ioeann i?iecaiaenoaa
ei?iia aeeth/aao a naay: iiaeaioiaeo ii/au, iinaa ca?iiauo (aaniie
y?iauo, a eiioea aaaonoa – iceiuo), eoeo?ocu, iaeiieaoieo o?aa,
iiiaieaoieo o?aa; oai?ea o?iaeay, caaioiaea neeina, naiaaea.
A oeaoa aeeaioiiaiaenoaa: ia oa?iao i?e i?eayciii niaea?aeaiee aeiaiea
inouanoaeyaony aeieeueiuie onoaiiaeaie, iieiei /a?ac iieieii?iaiae
iinooiaao a oieiaeeeueiee, aaea ioeaaeaeaaony aei iaiaoiaeeiie
oaiia?aoo?u; a eaoiai eaaa?a neio iaoiaeeony ia auaoeueiii niaea?aeaiee,
aeiaiea inouanoaeyaony aeieeueiuie onoaiiaeaie a niaoeeaeueii
iai?oaeiaaiiuo iiiauaieyo, aeieea aeaoo?aciaay. Ei?ieaiea
iaoaiece?iaaii.
Aeey oiai /oiau ii?aaeaeeoue niaoeeaeecaoeeth niaoica e aa o?iaaiue,
eniieuecotho oaeea iieacaoaee eae ?acia? e no?oeoo?a oiaa?iie
i?iaeoeoeee (oaae. 2.1).
N?aaieaay iieacaoaee ?acaeoey i?aaei?eyoey ca 2005-2007aa. ii ?aciui
iai?aaeaieyi, iiaeii naeaeaoue neaaeothuea auaiaeu:
– iniiaioth aeieth a no?oeoo?a aeaiaaeiie au?o/ee caieiaao au?o/ea io
?aaeecaoeee i?iaeoeoeee aeeaioiiaiaenoaa, iia ninoaaeyao aieaa 90% a
oa/aiea anaai ia?eiaea;
– iniiaioth /anoue aeaiaaeiie au?o/ee aeeaioiiaiaenoaa ninoaaeyao
au?o/ea io ?aaeecaoeee i?iaeoeoeee neioiaiaenoaa (ieiei 90%). Ec ieo ia
iieiei i?eoiaeeony io 60 aei 70% iauaai iauaia au?o/ee, /oi aiai?eo ia
oaeoaeaiiie niaoeeaeecaoeee ia i?iecaiaenoaa iieiea;
– i?ienoiaeeo nie?auaiea aeaiaaeiie au?o/ee io ?aaeecaoeee i?iaeoeoeee
?anoaieaaiaenoaa, a o./. ca?iii?iecaiaenoaa, o.e. ia ?aaeecaoeeth eaeao
oieueei iceiay ioaieoea e ea?oioaeue, a ana inoaeueiua aeaeu i?iaeoeoeee
aeeaioiiaiaenoaa i?iecaiaeyony aeey oaeiaeaoai?aiey iio?aaiinoae naiiai
oicyenoaa, a iniiaiii, ia ei?i neioo;
– e?iia ?anoaieaaiaenoaa e aeeaioiiaiaenoaa a oicyenoaa eiaao ianoi
auoue ia?a?aaioea n/o i?iaeoeoeee e ?aaeecaoeey iaaea, au?o/ea io aai
?aaeecaoeee iacia/eoaeueia ii n?aaiaieth n ae?oaeie io?aneyie, ii yoe
iai?aaeaiey oaeaea aoiaeyo a no?oeoo?o aeaiaaeiie au?o/ee.
Oaaeeoea 2.1.- ?acia? e no?oeoo?a oiaa?iie naeueneioicyenoaaiiie
i?iaeoeoeee (a oeaiao oaeoe/aneie ?aaeecaoeee)
Io?anee e aeaeu i?iaeoeoeee?acia? aeaiaaeiie au?o/ee, oun.?oa.No?oeoo?a
aeaiaaeiie au?o/ee a % e eoiaoEciaiaiey (+-) a no?oeoo?a io/aoiiai aiaea
e 20052006200720052006200720052006?anoaieaaiaenoai –
anaai84771911204,13,34,90,81,6ec ieo
ca?iii?iecaiaenoai5712842422,71,31,1-1,6-0,2ea?oioaeue2501671601,20,80,7
-0,5-0,1i?i/ay i?iaeoeoeey
?anoaieaaiaenoaa262687180,11,23,23,12,0AEeaioiiaiaenoai –
anaai19025211122162291,196,795,14,0-1,6ec ieo neioiaiaenoai –
anaai18681207682135189,495,193,94,5-1,2a
o./.iieiei14671150711478270,269,065,0-5,2-4,0i?iaeaaea neioa ia
iyni40105697656919,226,128,99,72,8naeiiaiaenoai –
anaai1841882830,90,91,20,30,3i?i/ay i?iaeoeoeey
aeeaioiiaiaenoaa1113100,10,10,04-0,06-0,06Ia?a?aaioea3012962321,41,41,0-
0,4-0,4Iaae3235290,20,20,1-0,1-0,1I?i/ay ?aaeecaoeey i?iaeooeee, ?aaio,
oneoa1013 4,9 A oeaeii ii n/o
i?iecaiaenoao208852183122742100,0100,0100,0
Aeey aieaa iieiie ioeaiee i?eiaiytho eiyooeoeeaio niaoeeaeecaoeee
i?iecaiaenoaa. Niaoeeaeecaoeey iieacuaaao i?iecaiaenoaaiiia iai?aaeaiea
oiai eee eiiai oicyenoaa.
Ia iniiaa aeaiiuo oaaeeoeu 2.1 iiaeii ii?aaeaeeoue aai aeey ?yaea eao.
Eiyooeoeeaio niaoeeaeecaoeee ?ann/eouaaaony ii oi?ioea:
En = 100 / SUM Oo (2 I – 1) , aaea
Oo – oaeaeueiue aan ioaeaeueiuo aeaeia i?iaeoeoeee a no?oeoo?a oiaa?iie
i?iaeoeoeee;
I – ii?yaeeiaue iiia? ioaeaeueiie io?anee ii oaeaeueiiio aano eaaeaeiai
aeaea i?iaeoeoeee a ?aiaee?iaaiiii ?yaeo.
?ann/eoaai eiyooeoeeaio niaoeeaeecaoeee aeey o?ao eao:
En(05) = 100 / (89,4 (2 * 1 – 1) + 4,9 (2 * 2 – 1) + 2,7 (2 * 3 – 1) +
1,4 (2 * 4 – 1) + 1,2(2 * 5 – 1)) + 0,9 (2 *6 – 1) + 0,2(2 * 7 – 1) +
0,1 (2*8-1) + 0,1 (2*9-1) = = 0,6
Aiaeiae/ii, En(2006) = 0,74
En(2007) = 0,74
Eiyooeoeeaio niaoeeaeecaoeee a i?aaeaeao aieaa 0,6 naeaeaoaeuenoaoao ia
oaeoaeaiiie niaoeeaeecaoeee oicyenoaa.
O.i.oi?iie i?aaiecaoeee i?iecaiaenoaa a III «Aaaaeaai» yaeyaony
oicyenoaaiiay niaoeeaeecaoeey – i?iecaiaenoai iieiea.
?anniio?ei iniiaiua iieacaoaee, oa?aeoa?ecothuea naeueneioicyenoaaiiia
i?iecaiaenoai a aeaiiie i?aaiecaoeee (oaae. 2.2)
Io?aneue ?anoaieaaiaenoaa a no?oeoo?a io anae oiaa?iie au?o/ee caieiaao
28 % e i?aaenoaaeaii ca?iii e ea?oioaeai. Ia aeieth ca?iiauo i?eoiaeeony
19,9% io anae no?oeoo?u oiaa?iie i?iaeoeoeee, neaaeiaaoaeueii, io?aneue
neioiaiaenoaa yaeyaony aeaaiie, a io?aneue
?anoaieaaiaenoaa-aniiiiaaoaeueiie e neoaeeo aeey oaeiaeaoai?aiey
aioo?eoicyenoaaiiuo iio?aaiinoae.
Oaaeeoea 2.2. – ?acia? naeueneioicyenoaaiiiai i?iecaiaenoaa
Iieacaoaee2005a.2006a.2007a.2007a. A % e 2005a.2006a.noieiinoue AI no,
oun.?oa.49829,137333,342002,884,3112,5i?iecaaaeaii,
oe iieiea26507229292134280,593,1iyna
e?n13571524134198,888ca?ia12282980483466885,1ea?oioaey304243713465113,97
9,3n?aaeiaaiaeiaay noieiinoue IN iniiaiie aeayoaeueiinoe,
oun.?oa.71262547856080885,3111n?aaeiaaiaeiaay /eneaiiinoue ?aaioieeia a
no i?iecaiaenoaa, /ae.2071771467082ieiuaaeue no oaiaeee-anaai,
aa52115211507397,497,4a o./.iaoiy41254125398896,796,7n?aaeiaaiaeiaia
iiaieiauea aeeaioiuo E?N-anaai19131808165386,491,4a o./. ei?ia
10008678008092,3
Oaeei ia?acii, i?aaei?eyoea eiaao iyniiiei/iia iai?aaeaiea, a aieueoae
noaiaie iiei/iia, e ?ann/eoaiiua iieacaoaee iieiinoueth niioaaonoaotho
aai i?iecaiaenoaaiiiio iai?aaeaieth. ?ann/eoaiiue eiyooeoeeaio
niaoeeaeecaoeee ia eciaiyaony a aeeiaieea eao e ninoaaeyao a n?aaeiai
0,7, /oi oa?aeoa?ecoao iai?aaeaiea oaeoaeaiiie niaoeeaeecaoeee.
Oaeaea ec oaaeeoeu aeaeii, /oi noieiinoue oiaa?iie i?iaeoeoeee a 2007a.
ii n?aaiaieth n 2006a. oaaee/eeanue ia 12,5 % , ii nie?aoeeanue ii
n?aaiaieth n 2005a. ia 15,7%. Nie?aoeeanue /eneaiiinoue ?aaioieeia i?e
i?aeoe/anee iaeciaiiie ieiuaaee iaoie. Nie?aoeeinue i?iecaiaenoai anao
aeaeia i?iaeoeoeee – iieiea, iyna, ca?ia, ea?oioaey, nie?aoeeinue
eiee/anoai ei?ia.
Iieiay yeiiiie/aneay oa?aeoa?enoeea iaaiciiaeia aac ii?aaeaeaiey
oeiainiaie onoie/eainoe i?aaei?eyoey. Oeiainiaay onoie/eainoue
i?aaei?eyoey yaeyaony iaeiei ec iniiaiuo yeaiaioia oeiainiaiai ninoiyiey
i?aaei?eyoey, eioi?ue io?aaeaao oi?ie?iaaiea oeiainiauo ?ano?nia e eo
?ani?aaeaeaiea.
Io?acei oeiainiaoth onoie/eainoue i?aaei?eyoey a neaaeothuai ?yaea
oaaeeoe.
Oaaeeoea 2.3. – Oeiainiaay onoie/eainoue i?aaei?eyoey (ii aaniethoiui
iieacaoaeyi.)
IieacaoaeeAiaeuEciaiaiey 2007a. a % e200520062007200520061.Enoi/ieee
oi?ie?iaaiey NIN
43267
39848,542742,598,8107,32.Aiaiai?ioiua
aeoeau422954110758352138,0142,03.Iaee/ea
NIN972-1258,5-15609,5-1605,91240,34.Aeieain?i/iua e?aaeeou e
caeiu43944248,533803769,3795,65.Iaee/ea nianoaaiiuo e caaiiuo n?aaenoa
(NAe)5366299018193,5339,1608,56.E?aoein?i/iua caaiiua n?aaenoaa
(ECN)9063,513384,510385114,677,67.Iauay aaee/eia enoi/ieeia oi?ie?iaaiey
caiania e cao?ao (IE)14429,516374,528578,5198,1174,58.Iauay aaee/eia
caiania139421623619439,5139,4 119,7 9.?NIN-12970-17494,5-35049- – 10.?NA
e-8576-13246-1246- – 11.?IE487,5138,59139 — 12.S001001001- – 13.Oei
onoie/eainoeiaonoie/eaiaiaonoie/eaiaiaonoie/eaia- –
Aiaeec oeiainiaie onoie/eainoe i?aaei?eyoey ii aaniethoiui iieacaoaeyi
iieacae , /oi ia i?ioyaeaiee enneaaeoaiiai ia?eiaea i?aaei?eyoea
iaoiaeeony a iaonoie/eaii oeiainiaii ninoiyiee, eioi?ia oa?aeoa?ecoaony
ia?ooaieai e?aaeeoiniiniaiinoe e ieaoaaeaniiniaiinoe.
A 2007a. iaee/ea nianoaaiiuo iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa neeueii nie?aoeeinue ii
n?aaiaieth n 2005a. ec-ca oaaee/aiey aiaiai?ioiuo aeoeaia ia 38%,
oieueei cao?aou ia iacaaa?oaiiia no?ieoaeuenoai oaaee/eeenue e eiioeo
aiaea a 20 ?ac. Ii n?aaiaieth n 2006a. iaee/ea nianoaaiiuo iai?ioiuo
n?aaenoa nieceeinue ia 1340% oaeaea ec-ca neeueiiai oaaee/aiey
aiaiai?ioiuo aeoeaia.
Iaee/ea nianoaaiiuo e caaiiuo n?aaenoa a 2007a. ii n?aaiaieth n 2005a.
oaaee/eeinue ia 239% aneaaenoaea oaaee/aiey aeieain?i/iuo e?aaeeoia e
caeiia ia 669%, eioi?ua auee acyou ia iieoieo iiaie oaoieee e
iai?oaeiaaiey e ia no?ieoaeuenoai iiauo caeaiee, e nieaeaiey eiee/anoaa
nianoaaiiuo iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa. Aiaeiae/iay neooaoeey e ii n?aaiaieth n
2006a., oaaee/aiea i?iecioei ia 509%.
Iauay aaee/eia oi?ie?iaaiey enoi/ieeia caiania e cao?ao oaaee/eeanue ia
98% e 74,5% ii n?aaiaieth n 2005 e 2006a. niioaaonoaaiii. Ii n?aaiaieth
n 2005a. oaaee/eeenue e?aoein?i/iua caaiiua n?aaenoaa ia 14%, a ii
n?aaiaieth n 2006a. nie?aoeeenue ia 23%. I?e iacia/eoaeueiii eciaiaiee a
iaa noi?iiu noiiu e?aoein?i/iuo caaiiuo n?aaenoa i?iecioei cia/eoaeueiia
oaaee/aiea aeieain?i/iuo, /oi e iiaeeyei ia oaaee/aiea iauae aaee/eiu
oi?ie?iaaiey enoi/ieeia caiania e cao?ao.
Iauay aaee/eia caiania oaaee/eeanue ia 39% e 20% ii n?aaiaieth n 2005 e
2006aa. niioaaonoaaiii, ii ia ianoieueei, eae aeieain?i/iua caeiu e
e?aaeeou. Ec-ca yoiai oeiainiaia ninoiyiea i?aaiecaoeee iiaeii
ioa?aeoa?eciaaoue eae iaonoie/eaia.
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