27
2203 81-16
AAAAeAIEA.
A aeaiiie eo?niaie ?aaioa ?anniao?eaaaony aooaaeoa?neee o/ao iia?aoeee
ii ?an/aoiiio n/aoo e eanniauo iia?aoeee.
Oeaeue aeaiiie eo?niaie ?aaiou –
Aeaiaaeiua n?aaenoaa i?aaiecaoeee iaoiaeyony a eanna a aeaea iaee/iuo
aeaiaa e aeaiaa aeaiaaeiuo aeieoiaioia, ia n/aoao a aaieao, a
aunoaaeaiiuo aee?aaeeoeaao, /aeiauo eieaeeao e i?. Eo i?aoiiiaeaiea,
i?aaeeueiia eniieueciaaiea, eiio?ieue ca nio?aiaieai – aaaeiaeoay
caaea/a aooaaeoa?ee. Aeaiaaeiua n?aaenoaa – aaaeiue ao?eaoo
oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaei?eyoey.
Aooaaeoa?neee o/ao aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa eiaao aaaeiia cia/aiea aeey
i?aaeeueiie i?aaiecaoeee aeaiaaeiiai ia?auaiey, a yooaeoeaiii
eniieueciaaiee oeiainiauo ?ano?nia. O.a. eaaeaeay i?aaiecaoeey no?aieony
iieo/aoue aieueooth i?eaueue io naiae aeayoaeueiinoe. Yoa i?eaueue
aeieaeia iie?uaaoue ana ?anoiaeu e iaania/eaaoue ?acaeoea naiae
i?aaiecaoeee. Iiyoiio ioaeii iinoiyiii aeoiaoue i ?aoeeiiaeueiii
aeiaeaiee a?aiaiii naiaiaeiuo aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa aeey iieo/aiey
aeiiieieoaeueiie i?eauee.
Aooaaeoa?neee o/ao aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa, ?an/aoiuo e e?aaeeoiuo
iia?aoeee auiieiyao neaaeothuea iniiaiua caaea/e:
1. I?iaa?ea i?aaeeueiinoe aeieoiaioaeueiiai ioi?ieaiey e caeiiiinoe
iia?aoeee n aeaiaaeiuie n?aaenoaaie, ?an/aoiuo e e?aaeeoiuo iia?aoeee,
naiaa?aiaiiia e iieiia io?aaeaiea eo a o/aoa;
2. Iaania/aiea naiaa?aiaiiinoe, iieiiou e i?aaeeueiinoe ?an/aoia ii
anai aeaeai ieaoaaeae e iinooieaiee, auyaeaiea aeaaeoi?neie e
e?aaeeoi?neie caaeieaeaiiinoe;
3. Naiaa?aiaiiia auyaeaiea ?acoeueoaoia eiaaioa?ecaoeee aeaiaaeiuo
n?aaenoa, aeaiaaeiuo aeieoiaioia e ?an/aoia, iaania/aiea ecuneaiey
aeaaeoi?neie e iiaaoaiea e?aaeeoi?neie caaeieaeaiiinoe e nnoae
e?aaeeoiuo o/?aaeaeaiee a onoaiiaeaiiua n?iee;
4. Iaania/aiea nio?aiiinoe aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa, aania?aaieiia
iaania/aiea aeaiaaeiie iaee/iinoueth iaioeiaeiuo ioaeae i?aaiecaoeee;
5. Ecuneaiea aiciiaeiinoae iaeaieaa ?aoeeiiaeueiiai aeiaeaiey naiaiaeiuo
aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa eae enoi/ieea oeiainiauo eiaanoeoeee, i?eiinyueo
aeioiae.
Caaea/aie yoiai o/anoea aooaaeoa?ee yaeyaony eiio?ieue ca iieaoie
n/aoia, iieo/aiea aeieaia n caaiueeia e aeaaeoi?ia, iaaethaeaiea ca
?anoiaeaie, niaa?oaaiuie iooai iieaou n ?an/aoiiai n/aoa eee ec eannu,
oi?aaeaiea aeaiaaeiie iaee/iinoueth i?aaiecaoeee.
Oeaeueth aeaiiie eo?niaie ?aaiou yaeyaony cae?aieaiea e
iiaeaioiaea e i?aeoe/aneiio eniieueciaaieth ciaiee a iaeanoe
aooaaeoa?neiai o/aoa iia?aoeee ii ?an/aoiiio n/aoo e eanniauo iia?aoeee.
1. OAI?AOE*ANEAss *ANOUe.
1.1. Enoi?ey aooaaeoa?neiai o/aoa.
O/ao aiciee iaeiia?aiaiii n iiyaeaieai /aeiaa/aneie oeeaeeecaoeee ouny/e
eao oiio iacaae. E ia?aua aai oaae eiaee ia?iiiua iineaaenoaey aeey
enoi?ee. ?acaeoea o/aoa auei aucaaii iio?aaiinoyie aeecie, a ii a naith
i/a?aaeue noeioee?iaaoue ?ino oaeeo iaiouaieaiuo /anoae oeeaeeecaoeee,
eae ienueiaiiinoue e iaoaiaoeea.
I?eia?ii e eiioeo 15 aaea neiaeeeanue oai?ey aooaaeoa?neiai o/aoa,
iniiaaiiiai ia aeaieiie caiene. Yoio i?eai yaeyaony iaeiei ec iniiaiuo e
a ianoiyuaa a?aiy. N oao ii? nio?aieeenue e iiiaea oa?ieiu: aaeain,
aeaaao, e?aaeeo, eioe?iaea e ae?. Iaeia ec ia?auo ia/aoiuo eiea ii
aooaaeoa?neiio o/aoo auea iaienaia a Aaiaoeee a 1494 aiaeo
o?aioeeneaineei iiiaoii Eoeie Ia/iee (1445-1517), a ?acaeaea eioi?ie
“O?aeoao i n/aoao e caienyo” e aue iienai niinia aeaieiie caiene aeey
o/aoa oi?aiauo iia?aoeee.
A ia?aie iieiaeia 19 aaea a aooaaeoa?neoth aeeciue ?innee aioee eaeae,
eioi?ua ianoaeaeaeenue i/aiue aeieai, iiiaea ec ieo ianoaeaeathony e
nae/an.
O?e aooaaeoa?a iieiaeeee ia/aei iaoae iaoee: E.E.A?iieueae,
E.Aoiaoia ,Y.A.Ioae?ia .
A?iieueae ia?aui ?acee/ae oai?eth e i?aeoeeo aooaaeoa?neiai o/aoa . Iiae
ia?aie ii iiieiae “niiniaiinoue ninoaaeyoue n/aoa, eo aanoe e
ia?aniao?eaaoue”, a iiae aoi?ie – “e?oa anao e n/aoai i?eiaaeeaaeaueo
aeae ”; ia?aay aunooiaao eae n/aoiay iaoea, aoi?ay – eae n/aoiay /anoue.
Aoiaoia iieaaae, /oi yoa iaoea anoue naiay ioaeiay, aaaeiay e iieaciay.
Ii ooaa?aeaeae, /oi aooaaeoa?neee o/ao aeieaeai ?anniao?eaaoueny eae
/anoue iieeoe/aneie yeiiiieee.
Ioae?ia niio?ae ia aeaei i?iua: “N/aoiaiaenoai anoue eneonnoai
caienuaaoue eaeia-eeai eiouanoai oae, /oiau, ianiio?y ia i?ienoiaeyuea a
iai ia?aiaiu, anaaaea iiaeii auei oniio?aoue ianoiyuaa aai iieiaeaiea ni
cia/aieai oiai, /oi iineaaeiaaei io ia?aiai, i?iecaaaeaiiuo a iai ”.
Ioae?ia iiaeao n/eoaoueny aaoi?ii iinooeaoa: aeaaa?ae/aneay noiia
naeueaei aniiiiaaoaeueiuo n/aoia ?aaia noiia naeueaei eiouanoaaiiuo
n/aoia, neiaeaiiie n ?aciinoueth iaaeaeo aeaaeoi?neie e e?aaeeoi?neie
caaeieaeaiiinoueth ii ee/iui n/aoai.
A yoi a?aiy aaeain noaiiaeeny iauaeoii yeiiiie/aneiai aiaeeca. Naia
o?aeoiaea A?iieueaeii aooaaeoa?neiai o/aoa eae iaoee, caieiathuaeny
aa?iui nee/aieai i?eoiaea e ?anoiaea, iiae/a?eeaaea ?ieue aiaeeca a
oi?aaeaiee oeiainiauie ?acoeueoaoaie.
Aieueoia aieiaiea oaeaeyeinue e o/aoiui ?aaeno?ai, ia iniiaa eioi?uo
aeaeaeny aiaeec. Niaieoiiinoue yoeo ?aaeno?ia ninoaaeyea oi?io
n/aoiaiaenoaa. A?iieueae n/eoae aa iaoiaeii aooaaeoa?neiai o/aoa.
A oa a?aiaia aooaaeoa?a noaeeeaaeenue e n iaaaoeaiuie yaeaieyie.
Aeaieiay aooaaeoa?ey eniieueciaaeanue eae n?aaenoai ?aaeaiaioaoeee
yeiiiie/aneiai a?aaaaea e eae n?aaenoai oaeueneoeeaoeee aeaiiuo. Ai?ueaa
n oaeueneoeeaoeeae o/aoiuo aeaiiuo, ni ceioiio?aaeaieyie o?aaiaaea
niaoeeaeueiuo i?eaiia. A?iieueae ia?aui aunooiee n o/aieai i ?aaecee e
iaoiaeao aa i?iaaaeaiey.
I?eaeaaay ia?iiiia cia/aiea oaeie aooaaeoa?neie eaoaai?ee, eae n/ao,
aaoi?u oiai a?aiaie i?aaei?eiyee ia?aua iiiuoee eeanneoeoee?iaaoue
n/aoa. A?iieueae aeaeee ana n/aoa ia ee/iua (?an/aoia) e aacee/iua.
Iineaaeiea aeaeeeenue ia eiouanoaaiiua, aeeth/ay n/ao eaieoaea, e
?acoeueoaoiua. Eo iacuaaee n/aoa i?e?auaiee e oiaiueoaiee.
Ianeieueei ii-eiiio iiaeoiaeee e i?iaeaia Aoiaoia. Ii auaeaeye o?e
iniiaaiey aeey ii?aaeaeaiey o?ao eeanneoeeaoeee: ii noaiaie iaiauaiey:
iniiaiua (neioaoe/aneea) e aniiiiaaoaeueiua (aiaeeoe/aneea); ii
niaea?aeaieth oaeoia oicyenoaaiiie aeecie (oiaa?ia, ee/iua – aeaaeoi?ia
e e?aaeeoi?ia, n/aoa ca a?aieoeae); ii oa?aeoa?o naeueaei (aeaaaoiaua –
aeoeaiua e e?aaeeoiaua – ianneaiua).
Ioae?ia ana n/aoa aeaeee ia eiouanoaaiiua, ee/iua e aniiiiaaoaeueiua, e
eioi?ui aaoi? ioiinee n/aoa nianoaaiiuo n?aaenoa e ?acoeueoaoia.
N/aoa “Iniiaiua n?aaenoaa” a iaoai iiieiaiee ia auei. Ii iiaeii auei
ano?aoeoue n/aoa ioaeaeueiuo aeaeia eiouanoaa, iai?eia?, iaaaeue.
A?iieueae i?aaeeaaae eoieaiioth iaaaeue caienuaaoue a aeaaao
iaeiieiaiiiai n/aoa n e?aaeeoa n/aoa “Eanna”.
N/ao “Oiaa?u” aue oeaio?aeueiui eae a nenoaia o/aoa iaoa?eaeueiuo
oeaiiinoae, oae e a io?aaeaiee oeiainiauo ?acoeueoaoia. A oeaeii n/ao
“Oiaa?u” ?anniao?eaaeny ia oieueei eae n?aaenoai aeey o/aoa aeaeaeaiey
oiaa?iie iannu, ii e eae oneiaea en/eneaiey oeiainiaiai ?acoeueoaoa –
aaeiaie i?eauee eee oauoea.
Ii n/aoo “Eanna” Aoiaoia ?aeiiaiaeiaae i?iaiaeeoue eiaaioa?ecaoeeth, a
iacia/eoaeueiua ioeeiiaiey n?aco ioiineoue ia n/ao aa?uoae e oauoeia. O
A?iieueaea iu oaea iaaethaeaai ?ac?ua iaaeaeo oeiainiaui ?acoeueoaoii e
ninoiyieai n/aoa “Eanna”. Oae, ia/eneaiea aeaeiaaiey e ?aca?ae?iaaiea
aiciiaeiuo oauoeia iieacuaaeinue ia n/aoao cao?ao , oiaiueoay i?eaueue,
i?e yoii eanniaay iaee/iinoue inoaaaeanue a ?acoeueoaoa yoiai
iaeciaiiie.
Oaeei ia?acii, ia?aay iieiaeia 19 noieaoey auea a?aiaiai, eiaaea
caiaaeiay aooaaeoa?neay iuneue auea ieii/aoaeueii onaiaia, ia?a?aaioaia
e ?acaeoa. Yoi auei a?aiy oi?ie?iaaiey nenoaiaoe/aneeo ciaiee i
aooaaeoa?neii o/aoa, /oi iicaieeei aiai?eoue i ?iaeaeaiee iiaie iaoee.
Aooaaeoa?neee o/ao eiaao ?yae oa?aeoa?iuo /a?o, eioi?ua ioee/atho aai io
ae?oaeo aeaeia o/aoa .
A nenoaia aooaaeoa?neiai o/aoa io?aaeathony ana aan eneeth/aiey
oicyenoaaiiua iia?aoeee, eioi?ua i?iecaiaeyony ia i?aaei?eyoee e eioi?ua
eiatho aeaiaaeiia ecia?aiea.
Aooaaeoa?neee o/ao eniieuecoao naie niaoeeoe/aneea iaoiaeu, eioi?ua ia
i?eiaiythony a ae?oaeo aeaeao o/aoa, eee i?eiaiythony ?aaeei. (Iai?eia?,
n/aoa, aeaieiay caienue, aaeain).
Aooaaeoa?neee o/ao ea?aao aaaeioth ?ieue a oi?aaeaiee i?aaei?eyoeai, oae
eae ii oi?ie?oao eioi?iaoeeth i oeiainiai-oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe
i?aaei?eyoey.
Ii oeaio?aeueiia ianoi a aooaaeoa?neii o/aoa caieiaao aeaiaaeiue
ecia?eoaeue. Aaaeue oieueei n aai iiiiuueth iiaeii iiaen/eoaoue iauoth
noieiinoue ?acii?iaeiiai eiouanoaa i?aaei?eyoee (caeaiee, noaieia,
eino?oiaioia, eiaaioa?y, iaoa?eaeia e o.ae.).
1.2. O/ao aaciaee/iuo ?an/aoia
I?aaei?eyoea eiaao oicyenoaaiiua nayce n iinoaaueeaie iaoa?eaeia,
iieoiaoaeyie i?iaeoeoeee eee iio?aaeoaeyie oneoa e iaoiaeeony n ieie a
?an/aoiuo ioiioaieyo. ?an/aoiua ioiioaiey iniiaaiu ia iaycaoaeuenoaao
iieoiaoaeae iieaoeoue noieiinoue iieo/aiiuo iaoa?eaeia oeaiiinoae,
auiieiaiiuo ?aaio e oneoa a onoaiiaeaiiua n?iee, a oaeaea ia i?aaa
iinoaaueea aino?aaiaaoue ieaoaae io iieoiaoaey.
?an/aoiua ioiioaiey aicieeatho oaeaea n athaeaeaoii no?aiu, n i?aaiaie,
inouanoaeythueie nioeeaeueiia no?aoiaaiea e iaania/aiea e o.ae.
*aoeay i?aaiecaoeey ?an/aoia niinianoaoao onei?aieth iai?a/eaaaiinoe
iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa, iicaieyao i?aaei?eyoeth ecaaaeaoue oieaou iaie e
iaonoiae.
A iniiaiii ?an/aou iaaeaeo i?aaiecaoeeyie inouanoaeythony aaciaee/iui
ioo?i n iiiiuueth aaieianeie nenoaiu.
Aeey ioi?ieaiey ioe?uoey ?an/aoiiai n/aoa i?aaei?eyoea i?aaenoaaeyao a
aaie neaaeothuea aeieoiaiou:
1. cayaeaiea ia ioe?uoea n/aoa;
2. aeieoiaio i caeiiiinoe ia?aciaaiey i?aaei?eyoey (?aoaiea
o/?aaeeoaeae i nicaeaiee i?aaei?eyoey, caaa?aiiia iioa?eaeueii);
3. iiaeeeiiue yecaiiey? onoaaa;
4. aeaa ea?oi/ee n iioa?eaeueii caaa?aiiuie ia?acoeaie iiaeienae
?anii?yaeeoaeae n?aaenoa i?aaei?eyoey (?oeiaiaeeoaey e aai ia?aiai
caianoeoaey, aeaaiiai aooaaeoa?a) n iooeneii ia/aoe;
5. a?aiaiiia naeaeaoaeuenoai i ?aaeno?aoeee n iineaaeothuae caiaiie ia
iinoiyiiia;
6. ni?aaeo iaeiaiaie einiaeoeee i iinoaiiaee ia o/ao;
7. eiieth i?eeaca ?oeiaiaeeoaey i?aaei?eyoey i iacia/aiee aeaaiiai
aooaaeoa?a e eanne?a.
Eaaeaeia i?aaei?eyoea, o/?aaeaeaiea, i?aaiecaoeey iiaeao eiaoue a aaieao
?an/aoiua (oaeouea, athaeaeaoiua, aeaiiceoiua, aee?aaeeoeaiua, nnoaeiua,
aaethoiua e ae?oaea) n/aoa, ia ioe?uoee eioi?uo aaeaeaa?oaeueii
eioi?ie?othony iaeiaiaua i?aaiu.
Ia ?an/aoiue n/ao i?aaei?eyoey iinooiaao au?o/ea ca ?aaeeciaaiioth
i?iaeoeoeeth, aaainiaua ieaoaaee, nnoaeu aaiea, aeaaeoi?neay
caaeieaeaiiinoue, iaee/iua aeaiueae ec eannu e o.ae.
N ?an/aoiiai n/aoa i?iecaiaeyony aaciaee/iua ieaoaaee, auaeathony
iaee/iua aeaiueae ia auieaoo ca?aaioiie ieaou, eiiaiaee?iai/iua,
oicyenoaaiiua e i?aaenoaaeoaeueneea ?anoiaeu. Auaea/a iaee/iuo aeaiaa
i?iecaiaeeony niaeanii eaa?oaeueiiio eanniaiio ieaio, eioi?ue naea?ony a
aaie.
Auaea/o aeaiaa, a oaeaea aaciaee/iua ia?a/eneaiey n ?an/aoiiai n/aoa
aaie inouanoaeyao, eae i?aaeei, ia iniiaaiee i?eeacia aeaaeaeueoea
?an/aoiiai n/aoa eee n aai niaeaney ia iieaoo (aeoeaioa).
A eneeth/eoaeueiuo neo/ayo aaie i?iecaiaeeo i?eioaeeoaeueiia nienaiea
aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa n ?an/aoiiai n/aoa. Iai?eia?, ii i?eeacai oeiainiauo
i?aaiia ia?a/eneythony i?in?i/aiiua iaeiae e nai?u e o.i. E?iia oiai,
aaie iiaeao ii nianoaaiiie eieoeeaoeaa nienuaaoue aeaiaaeiua n?aaenoaa,
iai?eia?, ca iieueciaaiea aaieianeei e?aaeeoii (i?ioeaio ca e?aaeeo),
noiiu ca ?an/aoii-eanniaia ianeoaeeaaiea e ae?.
?anoiaeu ii iieaoa oneoa aaiea ioiinyony ia cao?aou i?aaei?eyoey, ieaoa
aaiea ca eniieueciaaiea eie a?aiaiii naiaiaeiuo n?aaenoa i?aaei?eyoey –
ai aia?aaeecaoeeiiiua aeioiaeu.
Ia?ae/iuie aeieoiaioaie, ia iniiaa eioi?uo i?iecaiaeyony iia?aoeee ia
?an/aoiii n/aoa, yaeythony ieaoaaeiua ii?o/aiey, /aee, iauyaeaiey ia
aciin iaee/iuie, ieaoaaeiua o?aaiaaiey-ii?o/aiey.
Ieaoaaeiia ii?o/aiea neoaeeo aeey nienaiey oeacaiiie a iai noiiu n
?an/aoiiai n/aoa i?aaei?eyoey ia ?an/aoiue n/ao iieo/aoaey.
Aeaiaaeiue /ae yaeyaony i?eeacii aaieo i auaea/a n ?an/aoiiai n/aoa
oeacaiiie a iai noiiu iaee/iuo aeaiaa.
Iauyaeaiea ia aciin iaee/iuie auienuaaaony i?e aciina iaee/iuo aeaiaa ia
?an/aoiue n/ao. A iiaeoaa?aeaeaiea i iieo/aiee aeaiaa aaie auaeaao
ieaoaeueueeo eaeoaioeeth, eioi?ay neoaeeo ii?aaaeaoaeueiui aeieoiaioii.
Ieaoaaeiia o?aaiaaiea-ii?o/aiea auienuaaaony iinoaaueeii e i?eieiaaony
aaieii iieoiaoaey e eniieiaieth oieueei i?e iaee/ee n?aaenoa ia
?an/aoiii n/aoa iieoiaoaey e ienueiaiiii niaeanee aai i iieiie eee
/anoe/iie iieaoa.
Auienea ec ?an/aoiiai n/aoa – aoi?ie yecaiiey? eeoeaaiai n/aoa
i?aaei?eyoey, ioe?uoiai aio aaieii. Nio?aiyy aeaiaaeiua n?aaenoaa
i?aaei?eyoee, aaie n/eoaao naay aeieaeieeii i?aaei?eyoey (aai
e?aaeeoi?neay caaeieaeaiiinoue), iiyoiio inoaoee n?aaenoa e iinooieaiey
ia ?an/aoiue n/ao caienuaaao ii e?aaeeoo ?an/aoiiai n/aoa, a oiaiueoaiea
naiaai aeieaa (nienaiey, auaea/a iaee/iuie) – ii aeaaaoo. Ia?aaaouaay
auienee, aooaaeoa? aeieaeai iiiieoue ia yoie iniaaiiinoe e caienuaaoue
ca/eneaiiua noiiu e inoaoie ii aeaaaoo ?an/aoiiai n/aoa, a nienaiey – ii
e?aaeeoo. Auienea ec ?an/aoiiai n/aoa eiaao ii?aaeaeaiiua iieacaoaee,
/anoue eioi?uo eiaee?oaony aaieii, e yoe aea eiaeu eniieuecothony
i?aaei?eyoeai.
Auienea aaiea caiaiyao niaie ?aaeno? aiaeeoe/aneiai o/aoa ii ?an/aoiiio
n/aoo e iaeiia?aiaiii neoaeeo iniiaaieai aeey aooaaeoa?neeo caienae. Ana
i?eeiaeaiiua e auienea aeieoiaiou aanyony ooaiiii ”iiaaoaii”. Ioeai/ii
ca/eneaiiua eee nienaiiua n ?an/aoiiai n/aoa noiiu i?eieiathony ia n/ao
63 ”?an/aou ii i?aoaiceyi”, a aaieo iaiaaeeaiii niiauaaony i oaeeo
noiiao aeey aianaiey eni?aaeaiee. A iineaaeothueo auieneao aaie aiineo
eni?aaeaiey, a a aooaaeoa?neii o/aoa i?aaei?eyoey caaeieaeaiiinoue
nienuaaaony.
Ia iieyo i?iaa?aiiie auienee i?ioea noii iia?aoeee e a aeieoiaioao
i?inoaaeythony eiaeu n/aoia, ei??aniiiaee?othueo ni n/aoii 51 ”?an/aoiue
n/ao”, a ia aeieoiaioao oeacuaaaony aua e ii?yaeeiaue iiia? aai caiene a
auienea. Yoe aeaiiua iaiaoiaeeiu aeey eiio?iey ca aeaeaeaieai aeaiaaeiuo
n?aaenoa, aaoiiaoecaoeee o/aoiuo ?aaio, ni?aaie, i?iaa?ie e
iineaaeothuaai o?aiaiey aeieoiaioia. I?iaa?ea e ia?aaioea auienie
aeieaeiu i?iecaiaeeoueny a aeaiue eo iinooieaiey.
Iieo/aiiay ec aaiea auienea i?iaa?yaony e ia?aaaouaaaony: iiaeae?athony
ana ii?aaaeaoaeueiua aeieoiaiou, i?inoaaeythony ei??aniiiaee?othuea
n/aoa (eiaeu), a ii ?anoiaeai ia niaea?aeaiea e yenieoaoaoeeth iaoei e
iai?oaeiaaiey, iauai?iecaiaenoaaiiui e iauaoicyenoaaiiui ecaea?aeeai
ia?auaiey, ?an/aoai n athaeaeaoii e ae?oaei, e?iia oiai, i?inoaaeythony
e eiaeu noaoae. Yoi iaiaoiaeeii iioiio, /oi aiaeeoe/aneee o/ao ii iiiaei
n/aoai i?aaiecoaony a ?ac?aca noaoae. A?oiie?iaea noii ii noaoueyi
inouanoaeyaony a eenoao-?anoeo?iaeao, eioi?ua ioe?uaathony aaeaiany/ii a
?ac?aca n/aoia, oeaoia e caiieiythony ii aeaiiui aeieoiaioia e
niioaaonoaothuei aeo?iaeai-i?aea?ai.
Aee?aaeeoea – ii?o/aiea aaiea iieoiaoaey eiiai?iaeiaio aaieo iinoaaueea
i?iecaiaeeoue iieaoo n/aoia iinoaaueea ca ioa?oaeaiiue oiaa? eee
ieacaiiua oneoae ia oneiaeyo, i?aaeoniio?aiiuo a aee?aaeeoeaiii
cayaeaiee iieoiaoaey. Aeaiaaeiua n?aaenoaa a noiia aee?aaeeoeaa
ia?a/eneythony n ?an/aoiiai n/aoa iieoiaoaey ia n/ao aee?aaeeoeaia eee
iieoiaoaeth auaeaaony nnoaea. Yoi iaiaa i?aaeii/oeoaeueiay oi?ia
?an/aoia aeey iieoiaoaey, oae eae, ii eeoaaony noii aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa
aua aei ioa?ocee iaoa?eaeia iinoaaueeii.
Eaaeaeue aee?aaeeoea ioe?uaaaony aeey ?an/aoia oieueei n iaeiei
iinoaaueeii ia n?ie 15 aeiae, a ioaeaeueiuo neo/ayo aaie iiaeao
onoaiiaeoue eiie n?ie. I?e /anoe/iii eniieueciaaiee noiiu aee?aaeeoeaa
aa inoaoie ia?a/eneyaony ia ?an/aoiue n/ao. Iniaaiii i?aaeii/oeoaeueia
yoa oi?ia ?an/aoia a oneiaeyo ia?aoiaeiiai ia?eiaea e ?uii/iui
ioiioaieyi, oae eae nicaeaao aiciiaeiinoue nei?aeoaai iieo/aiey ieaoaaea
iinoaaueeii iinea eniieiaiey naieo iaycaoaeuenoa.
Aaenaeue – yoi aeaiaaeiia aeieaiaia iaycaoaeuenoai, au?aaeaiiia a
ienueiaiiie no?iai onoaiiaeaiiie oi?ia.
Aaenaey auaatho:
I?inoie aaenaeue niaea?aeeo iaycaoaeuenoai ieaoaaea caaiueeo
(aaenaeaaeaoaeth) a iieueco e?aaeeoi?a (aaenaeaaea?aeaoaey);
Ia?aaiaeiie aaenaeue (o?aooa) niaea?aeeo i?eeac caaiueeo (aeieaeieeo) ia
oieaoa iaicia/aiiie noiiu o?aoueaio eeoeo – ?aieoaioo.
Aaenaeue aeaao aai aeaaeaeueoeo aaconeiaiia i?aai o?aaiaaoue ii
ianooieaiee n?iea oieaou iaiai?aiiie a iai aeaiaaeiie noiiu. Ieaoeoue
ii aaenaeth aeieaeai oio, eoi aai auaeae, eeai aeae niaeanea ia iieaoo
(aeoeaioiaae). Aaenaeue aeieaeai aueaaue ninoaaeai a i?aaeienaiiie
caeiiii oi?ia, oieueei oiaaea ii eiaao th?eaee/aneoth neeo. Ioeac a
ieaoaaea i?aaeeueii ninoaaeaiiiio aaenaeth aeaao iniiaaiea aeey
ia?auaiey a noae e i?eioaeeoaeueiiai acuneaiey oeacaiiie a iai noiiu
n/ao eiouanoaa aeieaeieea.
Auienea aaenaey n iaycaoaeuenoaii aai iieaou /a?ac ii?aaeaeai” ia?eiae
yaeyaony niiniaii ion?i/ee ieaoaaea.
I?aaei?eyoea (eee eeoei), auienaaoaa aaenaeue, noaiiaeony caaiueeia.
I?aaei?eyoea (eee eeoei), iieo/athuaa aaenaeue a oieaoo i?iaeaiiua
oiaa?u – e?aaeeoi?ii.
Iinea oiai, eae caaiuee aai aeoeaiooao, oi anoue aeano niaeanea ia
iieaoo, ia iai noaaeony ia?aaeaoi/iay iaaeienue (eiaeinnaiaio) n
eioi?ie ii iiaeao oee?eoee?iaaoue n?aaee iaia?aie/aiiiai e?oaa eeoe,
auiieiyy ooieoeee iaee/iuo aeaiaa.
Nouanoaoao oeaeue ?yae aa?eaioia ?aaiou n ia?aaiaeiuie aaenaeyie.
I?iaeaaaoe iiaeao aea?aeaoue eo aei enoa/aiey n?iea e?aaeeoa, iinea
/aai i?aaeuyaeoue eo e iieaoa. Ii iiaeao oaeaea iaiaaeeaiii iieo/eoue
aeaiueae, i?iaeaa aaenaeue aaieo n ii?aaeaeaiiie neeaeeie, acyoue
nnoaeo a aaiea iiae caeia aaenaey eee i?iaeaoue aai ia ?uiea oeaiiuo
aoiaa.
A ianoiyuaa a?aiy ioiaiaiu ia?aie/aiey a auai?a oi?i ?an/aoia iaaeaeo
iinoaaueeaie e iieoiaoaeyie. I?aaei?eyoea iiaeao ioa?oaeaoue
i?iaeoeoeeth, auiieiyoue ?aaiou e oneoae a e?aaeeo.
Iieoiaoaee e caeac/eee a yoii neo/aa ia?a/eneytho i?aaei?eyoeth ia
oieueei noieiinoue i?iaeoeoeee (?aaio, oneoa), ii e i?ioeaio ca ion?i/eo
ieaoaaea – i?ioeaio ca eiiia?/aneee e?aaeeo. Aeey ioi?ieaiey oaeeo
naeaeie oaeiaii eniieueciaaoue oiaa?iua aaenaey.
Oiaa?iua aaenaey i?eiaiythony i?e ?an/aoao iaaeaeo i?aaei?eyoeyie,
?aniieiaeaiiuie ia oa??eoi?ee ?O i?e caeeth/aiee oicyenoaaiiuo naeaeie
ia n?ie ia aieaa 180 aeiae. Aeaiee oiaa?iuo aaenaeae aaeeiiai ia?acoea
auioneathony Ieioeiii ?O e ?aaeecothony /a?ac aaiee.
Iniiaiua aooaaeoa?neea i?iaiaeee ii ?an/aoiiio n/aoo.
N/ao 51 “?an/aoiue n/ao” — yoi aeoeaiue aaeainiaue n/ao. Aai inoaoie
io?aaeaao aaee/eio n?aaenoa i?aaei?eyoey ia ?an/aoiii n/aoa ia ia/aei
ianyoea, iai?io ii aeaaeoo — ca/eneaiea n?aaenoa io ?aaeecaoeee
i?iaeoeoeee, a iiaaoaiea aeaaeoi?neie caaeieaeaiiinoe, iinooieaiea
aaieianeeo nnoae, aciin iaee/iuo aeaiaa ec eannu e o.ae. Ii e?aaeeoo
iieacuaaaony oiaiueoaiea n?aaenoa a ?acoeueoaoa ?acee/iuo ieaoaaeae, a
oaeaea a ?acoeueoaoa ia?aaea/e eo a eanno.
Ae 51 – Aciinu iaee/iuie ec eannu
E 50
Ae 51 – Iinooieaiea au?o/ee io ?aaeecaoeee ?aaio, oneoa
E 46
Ae 51 – Iinooieaiea aaieianeie nnoaeu n?ieii iiaaoaiey aei aiaea
E 90
Ae 51 – Iinooieaiea aaieianeiai e?aaeeoa n?ieii iiaaoaiey aieaa
E 92 iaeiiai aiaea
Ae 51 – Iiaaoaiea aeaaeoi?neie caaeieaeaiiinoe
E 76
Ae 51 – Iinooieaiea aaaina io caeac/eea
E 61
Ae 51 – Iinooieaiea au?o/ee
E 62
Ae 50 – Iieo/aiu iaee/iua a eanno
E 51
Ae 60 – Iiea/aii ii ieaoaaeiui aeieoiaioai iinoaaueea
E 51
Ae 68 – I?iecaaaeaiu ieaoaaee a athaeaeao
E 51
Ae 69 – I?iecaaaeaiu ieaoaaee a oiiaeu nioeeaeueiiai no?aoiaaiey e
E 51 iaania/aiey
Ae 90,92 – Iiaaoaia aaieianeay nnoaea
E 51
Ae 76 – Iiaaoaiea aeaaeoi?neie caaeieaeaiiinoe
E 51
Iniaiai aieiaiey o?aaoao caienue aooaaeoa?neeo iia?aoeee ia n/aoa 76
“?an/aou n ?acee/iuie aeaaeoi?aie e e?aaeeoi?aie”.
I?e ninoaaeaiee eaa?oaeueiie e aiaeiaie io/aoiinoe, a eiaiii,
aooaaeoa?neiai aaeaina, neaaeoao iiiieoue, /oi naeueaei ii n/aoo 76 —
?acaa?iooia (a aeoeaa aeieaeai auoue iieacai inoaoie aeaaeoi?neie
caaeieaeaiiinoe, a a ianneaa — e?aaeeoi?neie). Ia?aae ninoaaeaieai
aiaeiaie io/aoiinoe aeieaeia auoue i?iaaaeaia eiaaioa?ecaoeey ?an/aoia.
Anee a oiaea i?iaa?ee aeaaeoi?neie caaeieaeaiiinoe aicieeaao iianaiea a
oii, /oi iai a n?ie ia aa?ioo aeiea, oi iu iiaeai nicaeaoue o naay
?aca?a ec i?eauee ia yoo noiio (Ae.80 “I?eaueue e oauoee” E.82
“Ioeaii/iua ?aca?au”, noan/ao 1 “?aca?au ii niiieoaeueiui aeieaai”).
Anee yoio ?aca?a ia eniieueciaai, ii a eiioea aiaea niiaa
i?eniaaeeiyaony e i?eauee. A anee eniieueciaai (Ae.80 E.82), oi aua a
oa/aiea 5 eao iu aeieaeiu io?aaeaoue yoio aeiea ca aaeainii (n/ao 007
“Nienaiiay a oauoie caaeieaeaiiinoue iaieaoaaeaniiniaiinoue
aeaaeoi?ia”), iaaethaeay ca aiciiaeiinoueth aic?auaiey aeieaa.
1.3. O/ao eanniauo iia?aoeee
N oeaeueth i?aaeioa?auaiey aiciiaeiuo ceioiio?aaeaiee i?e ?an/aoao
iaee/iuie aeaiaaeiuie n?aaenoaaie ii?yaeie inouanoaeaiey i?aaiecaoeeyie
eanniauo iia?aoeee ia oa??eoi?ee ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee aeinoaoi/ii
aeanoei ?aaeaiaioe?iaai. Iniiaiua iieiaeaiey, ii?aaeaeythuea ii?yaeie
?an/aoia iaaeaeo i?aaiecaoeeyie, ii?aaeaeythony Oeaio?aeueiui aaieii ?O.
Oae, iniiaiua iiiaiou inouanoaeaiey ?an/aoia iaee/iuie ii?aaeaeaiu a
niioaaonoaee n Ii?yaeeii aaaeaiey eanniauo iia?aoeee a ?inneeneie
Oaaea?aoeee, ooaa?aeaeaiiui ?aoaieai niaaoa aee?aeoi?ia Oeaio?aeueiiai
aaiea ?O io 22 naioya?y 1993 a. ? 40.
Oeacaiiui aeieoiaioii ii?aaeaeaii, /oi i?aaei?eyoey, o/?aaeaeaiey e
i?aaiecaoeee iacaaeneii io i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiauo oi?i e noa?u
aeayoaeueiinoe iaycaiu o?aieoue naiaiaeiua aeaiaaeiua n?aaenoaa a
o/?aaeaeaieyo aaieia.
I?aaiecaoeee i?iecaiaeyo ?an/aou ii naiei iaycaoaeuenoaai n ae?oaeie
i?aaiecaoeeyie, eae i?aaeei, a aaciaee/iii ii?yaeea /a?ac aaiee eee
i?eiaiytho ae?oaea oi?iu aaciaee/iuo ?an/aoia, onoaiaaeeaaaiua
Oeaio?aeueiui aaieii ?O a niioaaonoaee n aeaenoaothuei
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii.
?an/aou iaee/iuie aeaiaaeiuie n?aaenoaaie /a?ac eanno iaaeaeo
th?eaee/aneeie eeoeaie ia?aie/aiu. I?aaeaeueiue ?acia? ?an/aoia
iaee/iuie aeaiueaaie a ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee iaaeaeo th?eaee/aneeie
eeoeaie onoaiiaeai ia o?iaia 10 oun. ?oa., e?iia i?aaei?eyoee
iio?aaeiiia?aoeee e i?aaei?eyoee AOEI IAAe ?innee, o eioi?uo yoa noiia
?aaia 15 oun. ?oa.
?an/aou iaaeaeo i?aaiecaoeeyie nauoa 10 oun. ?oa. aeieaeiu i?iecaiaeeony
oieueei a aaciaee/iii ii?yaeea (/a?ac ?an/aoiue n/ao).
Oeacaiiay noiia yaeyaony i?aaeaeueiie ii iaeiiio ieaoaaeo. Aianoa n oai
ieaoaaee, i?iecaaaeaiiua iaeiei th?eaee/aneei eeoeii a aae?an ae?oaiai
th?eaee/aneiai eeoea a iaeei aeaiue ii ianeieueeei aeaiaaeiui
aeieoiaioai a ii?yaeea ?aaeecaoeee iaeiiai aeiaiai?a (eiio?aeoa) a
?acia?a aei 10 oun. ?oa., neaaeoao ?anniao?eaaoue eae aaeeiue noiia?iue
ieaoaae. Ana ?an/aou iaaeaeo th?eaee/aneeie eeoeaie naa?o yoie noiiu
i?iecaiaeeony oieueei a aaciaee/iii ii?yaeea, ca eneeth/aieai neo/aaa,
i?aaeoniio?aiiuo ioaeaeueiuie ii?iaoeaiuie aeoaie ?inneeneie
Oaaea?aoeee.
Neaaeoao ioiaoeoue, /oi oeacaiiua ia?aie/aiey ?an/aoia iaee/iuie iaaeaeo
th?eaee/aneeie eeoeaie ia oa??eoi?ee ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee
?ani?ino?aiyaony e ia i?aaei?eieiaoaeae, inouanoaeythueo naith
aeayoaeueiinoue aac ia?aciaaiey th?eaee/aneiai eeoea.
?an/ao iaaeaeo th?eaee/aneeie e oece/aneeie eeoeaie iiaoo
inouanoaeyoueny eae a aaciaee/iii ii?yaeea, oae e iaee/iuie aeaiueaaie
ii aeiaiai?aiiinoe.
Aeey inouanoaeaiey ?an/aoia iaee/iuie aeaiueaaie eaaeaeay i?aaiecaoeey
aeieaeia eiaoue eanno e aanoe eanniaoth eieao ii onoaiiaeaiiie oi?ia.
Iaee/iua aeaiueae, iieo/aiiua i?aaiecaoeee a aaieao, ?anoiaeothony ia
oeaee, oeacaiiua a /aea.
I?aaiecaoeee iiaoo eiaoue a naieo eannao iaee/iua aeaiueae a i?aaeaeao
eeieoia, onoaiiaeaiiuo aaieaie.
Eeieo inoaoea aeaiaa a eanna onoaiaaeeaaaony ianeoaeeaathuei aaieii anai
i?aaiecaoeeyi (aeeth/ay athaeaeaoiua) iacaaeneii io eo
i?aaiecaoeeiiii-i?aaiauo oi?i e noa?u aeayoaeueiinoe, inouanoaeythuei
iaee/ii-aeaiaaeiua ?an/aou, iaiaoiaeeiua aeey iaania/aiey ii?iaeueiie
?aaiou i?aaiecaoeee, n o/aoii n?aaeiaaeiaaiie au?o/ee e ?anoiaea
iaee/iuo aeaiaa, iniaaiiinoae aeayoaeueiinoe e ?aaeeia ?aaiou.
Eeieo inoaoea eannu niaeaniauaaaony n ?oeiaiaeeoaeai i?aaiecaoeee e i?e
iaiaoiaeeiinoe iiaeao auoue ia?aniio?ai.
I?e yoii iaiaoiaeeii ioiaoeoue, /oi a niioaaonoaee n Oeacii I?aceaeaioa
?O io 23 iay 1994 a. ?1006 “Ia inouanoaeaiee eiiieaeniuo ia? ii
naiaa?aiaiiiio e iieiiio aianaieth a athaeaeao iaeiaia e eiuo
iaycaoaeueiuo ieaoaaeae” i?e ianiaethaeaiee oneiaee ?aaiou n aeaiaaeiie
iaee/iinoueth, a oaeaea ii?yaeea aaaeaiey eanniauo iia?aoeee a ?O e
i?aaiecaoeeyi iiaoo auoue i?eiaiaiu neaaeothuea ia?u oeiainiaie
ioaaonoaaiiinoe:
– ca inouanoaeaieai ?an/aoia iaee/iuie aeaiaaeiuie n?aaenoaaie n
ae?oaeie i?aaiecaoeeyie naa?o onoaiiaeaiiuo i?eaeaeueiuo noii
acuneeaaaony oo?ao a aeaoe?aoiii ?acia?a noiiu i?iecaaaeaiiiai ieaoaaea;
– ca iaii?eoiaeiaaiea (iaiieiia ii?eoiaeiaaiea) a eanno aeaiaaeiie
iaee/iinoe acuneeaaaony a o?aoe?aoiii ?acia?a iaii?eoiaeiaaiiie noiiu;
– ca ianiaethaeaiea aeaenoaothuaai ii?yaeea o?aiaiey naiaiaeiuo
aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa, a oaeaea ca iaeiieaiea a eannao iaee/iuo aeaiaa
naa?o onoaiiaeaiiuo eeieoia acuneeaaaony oo?ao a o?aoe?aoiii ?acia?a
auyaeaiiie naa?oeeieoiie eanniaie iaee/iinoe. I?e yoii iiae
naa?oeeieoiie eanniaie iaee/iinoueth iiieiaaony n?aaeiyy aaee/eia,
?ann/eoaiiay enoiaey ec noiiu e eiee/anoaa aeiae i?aauoaiey eeieoa
inoaoea aeaiaa a eanna.
Ia ?oeiaiaeeoaeae i?aaiecaoeee, aeiionoeaoea oeacaiiua ia?ooaiey,
iaeaaathony aaeieieno?aoeaiua oo?aou a 50-e?aoiii onoaiiaeaiiii
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii ?O ?acia?a ieieiaeueiie iany/iie iieaou o?oaea.
En/eneaiea noiiu aaeieieno?aoeaiiai oo?aoa i?iecaiaeeony ec ?an/aoa
ieieiaeueiiai ?acia?a iieaou o?oaea, aeaenoaiaaaoaai ia iiiaio
niaa?oaiey oeacaiiiai ia?ooaiey.
O/?aaeaeaiey aaieia e oeiainiaua i?aaiu a neo/ayo auyaeaiey ia?ooaiee
i?aaiecaoeeyie onoaiiaeaiiiai ii?yaeea aaaeaiey eanniauo iia?aoeee e
oneiaee ?aaiou n aeaiaaeiie iaee/iinoueth iaycaiu iai?aaeyoue a
iaeiaiaua i?aaiu ii ianoo o/aoa iaeiaiieaoaeueueea i?aaenoaaeaiey n
i?eeiaeaieai eiiee aeoia eee ni?aaie ii oeacaiiui i?iaa?eai aeey
iaeiaeaiey oo?aoia.
Iaeioi?ua i?aaei?eyoey a ia?ooaiee onoaiiaeaiiiai ii?yaeea io?aaeatho
iia?aoeee n aeaiaaeiuie n?aaenoaaie a eanniaie eieae ia ca eaaeaeue
aeaiue, a noiia?ii ca eaeie-eeai ia?eiae a?aiaie (aeaeaaeo, ianyoe). I?e
yoii ia eenoa eanniaie eieae oeacuaaaony: “Eanna ca 1-10 aaaonoa 1998
a.”. Neaaeoao ia?aoeoue aieiaiea, /oi i?e oaeii io?aaeaiee eanniauo
iia?aoeee aooaaeoa?o aeinoaoi/ii neiaeii ii?aaeaeeoue, niaethaeaaony ee
eeieo aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa, onoaiiaeaiiue aaieii.
A aeaiiii neo/aa iiaeii ii?aaeaeeoue inoaoie n?aaenoa oieueei ia eiiaoe
10 aaaonoa. Iiiaea aooaaeoa?u iieaaatho, /oi anee inoaoie ia 10 aaaonoa
ia i?aauoaao onoaiiaeaiiue eeieo, oi ia?ooaiea a ii?yaeea aaaeaiey
eanniauo iia?aoeee i?aaiecaoeey ia aeiioneaao. Iaeiaei i?e i?iaa?eao
oaeeo i?aaei?eyoee i/aiue /anoi auyaeyaony i?aauoaiea eeieoa ia
eaeie-eeai ec aeiae n 1 ii 10 aaaonoa.
A niioaaonoaee n Ii?yaeeii aaaeaiey eanniauo iia?aoeee ?O i?aaiecaoeee
eiatho i?aai o?aieoue a naieo eannao iaee/iua aeaiueae naa?o
onoaiiaeaiiuo eeieoia oieueei aeey iieaou o?oaea, auieaou iiniaee ii
nioeeaeueiiio no?aoiaaieth e noeiaiaeee ia nauoa o?ao ?aai/eo aeiae
(aeey i?aaiecaoeee, ?aniieiaeaiiuo a ?aeiiao E?aeiaai Naaa?a e
i?e?aaiaiiuo e iei ianoiinoyo, – aei iyoe aeiae), aeeth/ay aeaiue
iieo/aiey aeaiaa a aaiea.
I?aaiecaoeee, eiathuea iinoiyiioth aeaiaaeioth au?o/eo ii niaeaniaaieth
n ianeoaeeaathuei eo aaieii iiaoo ?anoiaeiaaoue aa ia iieaoo o?oaea e
auieaoo nioeeaeueii-o?oaeiauo eueaio, caeoieo naeueneioicyenoaaiiie
i?iaeoeoeee, neoieo oa?u e aauae o ianaeaiey.
Iaeaieeaaoue a naieo eannao iaee/iua aeaiueae naa?o onoaiiaeaiiuo
eeieoia aeey inouanoaeaiey i?aaenoiyueo ?anoiaeia, a oii /enea ia iieaoo
o?oaea, i?aaiecaoeeyi ia ?ac?aoaaony.
Auaea/a aeaiaa ec au?o/ee iaeieo i?aaiecaoeee, eiathueo iinoiyiioth
aeaiaaeioth au?o/eo, ia ioaeaeu ae?oaeo aeiioneaaony a ioaeaeueiuo
ianoao, aaea iao aaieia, ia iniiaa aeiaiai?a iaaeaeo i?aaiecaoeeyie ii
niaeaniaaieth n aaieaie, ianeoaeeaathueie yoe i?aaiecaoeee.
A i?aeoe/aneie aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaiecaoeee iiaoo aicieeiooue neooaoeee,
eiaaea iaiaoiaeeii iieaoeoue oa eee eiua ?anoiaeu iaee/iuie aeaiueaaie
(iieoiea oiaa?ia a ?icie/iie oi?aiaea, iieaoa ?anoiaeia ii neoaeaaiui
eiiaiaee?iaeai e o.ae.).A oaeeo neo/ayo ?aaioieeo iiaoo auoue auaeaiu
iaee/iua aeaiueae iiae io/ao aeey auiieiaiey ii?aaeaeaiiuo aeaenoaee ii
?anii?yaeaieth ?oeiaiaeeoaey i?aaiecaoeee.
I?eai iaee/iuo aeaiaa eannie i?aaiecaoeee i?iecaiaeeony ii i?eoiaeiui
eanniaui i?aea?ai (oi?ia ? EI-1), iiaeienaiiui aeaaiui aooaaeoa?ii eee
eeoeii, oiieiiii/aiiui ia yoi ienueiaiiui ?anii?yaeaieai ?oeiaiaeeoaey
i?aaiecaoeee.
I i?eaia aeaiaa auaeaaony eaeoaioeey e i?eoiaeiiio eanniaiio i?aea?o ca
iiaeienyie aeaaiiai aooaaeoa?a eee eeoea, ia yoi oiieiiii/aiiiai, e
eanne?a, caaa?aiiay ia/aoueth (ooaiiii) i?aaiecaoeee eee iooeneii
eanniaiai aiia?aoa. Niaea?aeaiea oeiainiaie iia?aoeee, oeacaiiie a
i?eoiaeiii eanniaii i?aea?a, aeieaeii niioaaonoaiaaoue iaeiaiiaaieth
iia?aoeee a eaeoaioeee e i?eoiaeiiio i?aea?o, eaeoaioeey e i?eoiaeiiio
i?aea?o ioaeaaony eeoeo, aianoaio aeaiueae a eanno i?aaiecaoeee.
Auaea/a iaee/iuo aeaiaa ec eannu i?aaiecaoeee i?iecaiaeeony ii
?anoiaeiui eanniaui i?aea?ai eee iaaeeaaeauei ia?acii ioi?ieaiiui
ae?oaei aeieoiaioii (ieaoaaeiui (?an/aoii-ieaoaaeiui) aaaeiiinoe,
cayaeaieai ia auaea/o aeaiaa, n/aoa e o.i.) n iaeiaeaieai ia yoeo
aeieoiaioao ooaiia n ?aeaeceoaie ?anoiaeiiai eanniaiai i?aea?a.
Aeieoiaiou ia auaea/o aeaiaa aeieaeiu auoue iiaeienaiu ?oeiaiaeeoaeai,
aeaaiui aooaaeoa?ii i?aaiecaoeee eee oiieiiii/aiiuie ia yoi eeoeaie.
I?e yoii, anee ia i?eeaaaaiuo e ?anoiaeiui eanniaui i?aea?ai
aeieoiaioao, cayaeaieyo, n/aoao eiaaony ?ac?aoeoaeueiay iaaeienue
?oeiaiaeeoaey i?aaiecaoeee, iiaeienue aai ia ?anoiaeiuo eanniauo
i?aea?ao ia iaycaoaeueia.
Caaioiaeoaeueiua i?aaiecaoeee iiaoo i?iecaiaeeoue auaea/o iaee/iuo
aeaiaa naeao/eeai naeueneioicyenoaaiiie i?iaeoeoeee e nu?uey n
iineaaeothuei ninoaaeaieai ii ieii/aiee ?aai/aai aeiy iauaai ?anoiaeiiai
eanniaiai i?aea?a ia ana auaeaiiua ca aeaiue noiiu ii caaioiaeoaeueiui
eaeoaioeeyi.
A oeaio?aeeciaaiiuo aooaaeoa?eyo ia iauoth noiio auaeaiiie ca?aaioiie
ieaou ninoaaeyaony iaeei ?anoiaeiue eanniaue i?aea?, aeaoa e iiia?
eioi?iai i?inoaaeythony ia eaaeaeie ieaoaaeiie (?an/aoii-ieaoaaeiie)
aaaeiiinoe.
A neo/ae ooiaea ?aaioieea i?aaiecaoeee a ioione eee i?e oaieueiaiee
i?e/eoathuayny ca?aaioiay ieaoa auaeaaony ia iicaeiaa aeiy,
i?aaeoanoaothuaai ioioneo eee oaieueiaieth, ia aeiaeeaeaynue
onoaiiaeaiiuo aeiae auaea/e ca?aaioiie ieaou.
Oaeea ?aciaua auaea/e aeaiaa ia iieaoo o?oaea ioaeaeueiui eeoeai
i?iecaiaeeony, eae i?aaeei, ii ?anoiaeiui eanniaui i?aea?ai, a i?e
iaee/ee o?ao e aieaa ?aaioieeia iiaeao auoue ioi?ieaia ieaoaaeiay
aaaeiiinoue.
Auaea/a aeaiaa eeoeai, ia ninoiyuei a nieni/iii ninoaaa i?aaiecaoeee,
i?iecaiaeeony ii ?anoiaeiui eanniaui i?aea?ai, auienuaaaiui ioaeaeueii
ia eaaeaeia eeoei, eee ii ioaeaeueiie aaaeiiinoe ia iniiaaiee
caeeth/aiiuo aeiaiai?ia.
Aeaiiie?iaaiiua noiiu naeathony a aaie, e ia naeaiiua noiiu ninoaaeyaony
iaeei iauee ?anoiaeiue eanniaue i?aea?.
I?eoiaeiua eanniaua i?aea?a e eaeoaioeee e iei, a oaeaea ?anoiaeiua
eanniaua i?aea?a e caiaiythuea eo aeieoiaiou aeieaeiu auoue caiieiaiu
/a?ieeaie, oa?eeiaie ?o/eie, ia ieoouae iaoeiea eee n eniieueciaaieai
n?aaenoa au/eneeoaeueiie oaoieee. Niaeanii ioieoo 9 Iieiaeaiey i
aooaaeoa?neii o/aoa e io/aoiinoe a ?O, ooaa?aeaeaiiiai i?eeacii Ieioeia
?innee io 26 aeaeaa?y 1994 a. ? 170, a eanniauo e aaieianeeo aeieoiaioao
eni?aaeaiey ia aeiionoeiu.
A i?eoiaeiuo e ?anoiaeiuo eanniauo i?aea?ao oeacuaaaony iniiaaiea aeey
eo ninoaaeaiey e ia?a/eneythony i?eeaaaaiua e iei aeieoiaiou. I?eai e
auaea/a aeaiaa i?iecaiaeeony oieueei a aeaiue eo ninoaaeaiey.
I?eoiaeiua e ?anoiaeiua eanniaua i?aea?a eee caiaiythuea eo aeieoiaiou
aei ia?aaea/e a eanno ?aaeno?e?othony aooaaeoa?eae a aeo?iaea
?aaeno?aoeee i?eoiaeiuo e ?anoiaeiuo eanniauo aeieoiaioia.
?aaeno?aoeey i?eoiaeiuo e ?anoiaeiuo eanniauo i?aea?ia iiaeao
inouanoaeyoueny n i?eiaiaieai n?aaenoa au/eneeoaeueiie oaoieee.
Ana iinooieaiey e auaea/e iaee/iuo aeaiaa i?aaiecaoeey o/eouaaao a
eanniaie eieaa. O?aaiaaiey, i?aaeuyaeyaiua e aaaeaieth eanniaie eieae,
ia?a/eneaiu a ?acaeaea III Ii?yaeea aaaeaiey eanniauo iia?aoeee a
?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee.
Eaaeaeay i?aaiecaoeey aaaeao oieueei iaeio eanniaoth eieao, eioi?ay
aeieaeia auoue i?iioia?iaaia, i?ioio?iaaia e iia/aoaia. Eiee/anoai
eenoia a eanniaie eieaa caaa?yaony iiaeienyie ?oeiaiaeeoaey e aeaaiiai
aooaaeoa?a aeaiiie i?aaiecaoeee.
Caiene a eanniaie eieaa aaaeoony a aeaoo yecaiiey?ao /a?ac
eiie?iaaeueioth aoiaao /a?ieeaie eee oa?eeiaie ?o/eie. Aoi?ua
yecaiiey?u eenoia aeieaeiu auoue io?uaiuie e neoaeao io/aoii eanne?a.
Ia?aua yecaiiey?u eenoia inoathony a eanniaie eieaa. Ia?aua e aoi?ua
yecaiiey?u eenoia ioia?othony iaeeiaeiauie iiia?aie.
Iiae/enoee e ia iaiai?aiiua eni?aaeaiey a eanniaie eieaa ia
aeiioneathony. A niioaaonoaee n Iieiaeaieai i aooaaeoa?neii o/aoa e
io/aoiinoe a ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee eni?aaeaiea ioeaee aeieaeii auoue
iiaeoaa?aeaeaii iiaeienueth eeoe, iiaeienaaoeo aeieoiaio (eanne?a, a
oaeaea aeaaiiai aooaaeoa?a i?aaiecaoeee eee eeoea, aai caiaiythuaai), n
oeacaieai aeaou eni?aaeaiey.
A i?aaiecaoeeyo, i?e oneiaee iaania/aiey iieiie nio?aiiinoe eanniauo
aeieoiaioia, eanniaay eieaa iiaeao aanoenue aaoiiaoece?iaaiiui
niiniaii. Eiio?ieue ca i?aaeeueiui aaaeaieai eanniaie eieae aiceaaaaony
ia aeaaiiai aooaaeoa?a i?aaiecaoeee.
Iaee/iua aeaiueae, ia iiaeoaa?aeaeaiiua i?eoiaeiuie eanniauie i?aea?aie,
n/eoathony eceeoeii eannu e ca/eneythony a aeioiae i?aaiecaoeee.
A niioaaonoaee n Iaoiaee/aneeie oeacaieyie ii eiaaioa?ecaoeee eiouanoaa
e oeiainiauo iaycaoaeuenoa i?e iiaen/aoa oaeoe/aneiai iaee/ey
aeaiaaeiuo ciaeia e ae?oaeo oeaiiinoae a eanna i?eieiathony e o/aoo
iaee/iua aeaiueae, oeaiiua aoiaae e aeaiaaeiua aeieoiaiou (ii/oiaua
ia?ee, ia?ee ainoaea?noaaiiie iioeeiu, aaenaeueiua ia?ee, iooaaee a
aeiia ioaeuoa e naiaoi?ee, aaeaaeeaou e ae?.).
Iinea ecaeaiey i?eeaca i iacia/aiee eanne?a ia ?aaioo ?oeiaiaeeoaeue
i?aaiecaoeee iaycai iiae ?anieneo iciaeiieoue aai n Ii?yaeeii aaaeaiey
eanniauo iia?aoeee a ?inneeneie Oaaea?aoeee, iinea /aai n eanne?ii
caeeth/aaony aeiaiai? i iieiie iaoa?eaeueiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe.
Eanne? ianao iieioth iaoa?eaeueioth ioaaonoaaiiinoue ca nio?aiiinoue
anao i?eiyouo ei oeaiiinoae e ca oua?a, i?e/eiaiiue i?aaiecaoeee a
?acoeueoaoa eae oiuoeaiiuo aeaenoaee, oae e iaa?aaeiiai eee
iaaeia?iniaanoiiai ioiioaiey e naiei iaycaiiinoyi.
Ia iaeuo i?aaei?eyoeyo, ia eiathueo a ooaoa eanne?a, aai iaycaiiinoe
iiaoo auiieiyoueny aeaaiui aooaaeoa?ii eee ae?oaei ?aaioieeii ii
ienueiaiiiio ?anii?yaeaieth ?oeiaiaeeoaey i?aaiecaoeee i?e oneiaee
caeeth/aiey n iei aeiaiai?a i iieiie iaoa?eaeueiie ioaaonoaaiiinoe.
Iniiaiua aooaaeoa?neea i?iaiaeee ii o/ao eanniauo iia?aoeee.
Neioaoe/aneee o/ao iinooieaiey e auaea/e aeaiaa aaaeaony ia aeoeaiii
aaeainiaii n/aoa 50 “Eanna”.
Naeueaei ii n/aoo 50 “Eanna” iieacuaaao inoaoie iaee/iuo aeaiaa a eanna
ia ia/aei ianyoea. Iai?io ii aeaaaoo — iinooieaiea aeaiaa n ?an/aoiiai
n/aoa, iieaoo iaee/iuie ca ?aaeecaoeeth i?iaeoeoeee, naea/o
iaeniieueciaaiiie /anoe iiaeio/aoiie noiiu e o.ae. Iai?io ii e?aaeeoo —
?anoiaeiaaiea iaee/iuo aeaiaa.
Ae 50 – Iinooieaiea iaee/iuo aeaiaa n ?an/aoiiai n/aoa
E 51
Ae 50 – Iieaoa iaee/iuie ca ?aaeeciaaiioth i?iaeoeoeeth
E 46
Ae 50 – Naea/a iaeniieueciaaiiuo aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa iiaeio/aoiuie
eeoeaie
E 71
Ae 50 – Iiaaoaiea caaeieaeaiiinoe ii iaaeinoa/ai, ?ano?aoai, oeuaieyi
E 73/3
Ae 70 – Auaea/a ca?aaioiie ieaou, iiniaee
E 50
Ae 71 – Auaea/a aeaiaa iiae io/ao
E 50
Ae 10 – Iieaoa iaee/iuie ca iinooieaoea iaoa?eaeu
E 50
Ae 51 – Naea/a iaee/iuo aeaiaa ia ?an/aoiue n/ao
E 50
Niaeanii Iieiaeaieth i aooaaeoa?neii o/aoa e io/aoiinoe a ?inneeneie
Oaaea?aoeee i?aaei?eyoea aeieaeii i?iaiaeeoue eiaaioa?ecaoeeth eiouanoaa
e a oii /enea iaee/iuo aeaiaa a eanna.
Auyaeaiiua i?e eiaaioa?ecaoeee ?anoiaeaeaiey oaeoe/aneiai iaee/ey aeaiaa
n aeaiiuie aooaaeoa?neiai o/aoa ?aaoee?othony a neaaeothuai ii?yaeea.
Eceeoae aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa iiaeeaaeeo ii?eoiaeiaaieth e ioianaieth ia
oeiainiaua ?acoeueoaou. A o/aoa ia noiio eceeoea aeaeaaony i?iaiaeea:
aeaaao 50 “Eanna”, e?aaeeo 80 “I?eaueue e oauoee” (i?eaueue). A
neaaeothuai onoaiaaeeaathony i?e/eiu eceeoea e aeiiaiua eeoea.
Iaaeinoa/e aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa ioiinyony ia aeiiaiuo eeoe. A neo/aa,
anee iie ia onoaiiaeaiu eee ai acuneaiee eo ioeacaii noaeii, oauoee
nienuaathony ia ecaea?aeee i?iecaiaenoaa (aeaaao n/aoa 26
“Iauaoicyenoaaiiua ?anoiaeu” e?aaeeo n/aoa 73/3). Ia noiio iaaeinoa/
aeaeathony neaaeothuea i?iaiaeee: e?aaeeo n/aoa 50 “Eanna” aeaaao n/aoa
73 “?an/aou n ia?niiaeii ii i?i/ei iia?aoeeyi”, noan/ao 3 “?an/aou ii
aiciauaieth iaoa?eaeueiiai oua?aa”. I?e aianaiee aeaiaa: aeaaao n/aoa 50
e?aaeeo n/aoa 73/3.
2. I?AEOE*ANEAss *ANOUe.
2.1. ?an/aou.
1. ?ann/eouaaai IAeN ca ioiouaiioth i?iaeoeoeeth:
(6500/120) * 100 = 5417 oun. ?oa. – noieiinoue ?aaeecoaiie i?iaeoeoeee
aac o/aoa IAeN;
6500 – 5417 = 1083 oun. ?oa. – noiia IAeN.
(80000/120) * 100 = 66667 oun. ?oa. – noieiinoue ?aaeecoaiie
i?iaeoeoeee aac o/aoa IAeN;
80000 – 66667 = 13333 oun. ?oa. – noiia IAeN.
(240000/120) * 100 = 200000 oun. ?oa. – noieiinoue ?aaeecoaiie
i?iaeoeoeee aac o/aoa IAeN;
240000 – 200000 = 40000 oun. ?oa. – noiia IAeN.
2. ?ann/eouaaai IAeN ca ?aaeeciaaiiua IN:
(100000/120) * 100 = 83333 oun. ?oa. – noieiinoue ?aaeecoaiie
i?iaeoeoeee aac o/aoa IAeN;
100000 – 83334 = 16667 oun. ?oa. – noiia IAeN
3. ?ann/eouaaai IAeN ca ?aaeeciaaiiua iaiaoa?eaeueiua aeoeau:
(56000/120) * 100 = 46667 oun. ?oa. – noieiinoue ?aaeecoaiie
i?iaeoeoeee aac o/aoa IAeN;
56000 – 46667 = 9333 oun. ?oa. – noiia IAeN.
4. ?ann/eouaaai IAeN ca iieo/aiiua io iinoaaueeia iaoa?eaeu:
(280000/120) * 100 = 233333 oun. ?oa. – noieiinoue ?aaeecoaiie
i?iaeoeoeee aac o/aoa IAeN;
280000 – 233333 = 46667 oun. ?oa. – noiia IAeN
6. ?ann/eouaaai IAeN ca iinooieaoee aaain:
(150000/120) * 100 = 125000 oun. ?oa. – noieiinoue ?aaeecoaiie
i?iaeoeoeee aac o/aoa IAeN;
150000 – 125000 = 25000 oun. ?oa. – noiia IAeN
7. ?ann/eouaaai IAeN ca aeieain?i/ioth a?aiaeo IN:
(16000/120) * 100 = 13333 oun. ?oa. – noieiinoue ?aaeecoaiie
i?iaeoeoeee aac o/aoa IAeN;
16000 – 13333 = 2667 oun. ?oa. – noiia IAeN
2.2. Iienaiea eiie?aoiuo iia?aoeee e eo aeieoiaioaoeey.
III “ss & Co”
Aai. aee?aeoi? Neaei?ia O.O.
Ae. aooaaeoa? Neaei?i A.O.
Eanne? Neaei?ia O.N.
Iacaaiea aaiea IAI “Aeueoa-Aaie”
?/n 48123655800000000189
Ei?. n/ao 68789754200000000178
AEE 044525593
EII 5200975213
1. Iinooieee aeaiueae a eanno n ?/n 01.04.98 ia auieaoo ca?aaioiie
ieaou a ?acia?a 125000 oun. ?oa. Auienuaaai i?eoiaeiue eanniaue i?aea?
?1 [i?eeiaeaiea] ia iniiaaiee auienee ec ?/n ?1 [i?eeiaeaiea] e /aea ?1
[i?eeiaeaiea] (/ae neoaeeo aeey iieo/aiey iaee/iuo n?aaenoa, i?e aai
ioi?ieaiee o?aaoaony aieiaiea, o.e. ieeaeea ioeaee ia aeiioneathony).
Ia oicyenoaaiiua e eiiaiaee?iai/iua ?anoiaeu a ?acia?a
15000 oun.?oa. caiieiyai IEI ?2 ii /aeo ?2 [i?eeiaeaiea] ia iniiaaiee
auienee n ?/n ?1 [i?eeiaeaiea].
2. Iinooieea a eanno aeaiueae ca ioiouaiioth ca iaee/iue ?an/ao
i?iaeoeoeeth a ?acia?a 6500 oun.?oa. Ioi?ieyaony IEI ?3 [i?eeiaeaiea] ia
iniiaaiee iaeeaaeiie ?1 e n/aoa oaeoo?u ?1.
3. Nienuaaai IAeN ca ?aaeeciaaiioth i?iaeoeoeeth a ?acia?a 1083
oun.?oa. ia iniiaaiee aooaaeoa?neie ni?aaee.
4. Iinooieee a eanno aciinu ?iaeeoaeae ca niaea?aeaiea aeaoae a
aeaoneeo aeioeieueiuo o/?aaeaeaieyo a ?acia?a 5800 oun. ?oa. Ioi?ieyai
IEI ?4 [i?eeiaeaiea] ia iniiaaiee aaaeiiinoe o/aoa aciinia ?1.
5. Auaeaia ec eannu ca?aaioiay ieaoa ?aaioieeai a ?acia?a 110000
oun.?oa. Ioi?ieyaony ?EI ?1 ia iniiaaiee ?an/aoii-ieaoaaeiie aaaeiiinoe
?1. Auaeaia ec eannu aaeeiia?aiaiiay iiiiuue a ?acia?a 10000 oun. ?oa.
Ioi?ieyaony ?EI ?2 [i?eeiaeaiea] ia iniiaaiee aaainiaiai io/aoa ?1.
6. Iinooieee a eanno aeaiueae ec aaiea aeey auaea/e nnoae ia
eiaeeaeaeoaeueiia aeeeeuiia no?ieoaeuenoai a ?acia?a 1800000 oun. ?oa.
Ioi?ieyaony IEI ?5 [i?eeiaeaiea] ii /aeo ?3.
7. Auaeaii ec eannu Na?aaaao E.O. a aiciauaiea ia?a?anoiaea ii
iiaeio/aoiui noiiai a ?acia?a 160 oun. ?oa. Ioi?ieyaony ?EI ?3
[i?eeiaeaiea] ia iniiaaiee aeiaiai?a ?1.
8. Auaeaiu ?aaioieeai i?aaei?eyoey nnoaeu ia eaeaaeaeoaeueiia aeeeeuiia
no?ieoaeuenoai a ?acia?a 1800000 oun. ?oa. Ioi?ieyaony ?EI ?4
[i?eeiaeaiea] ia iniiaaiee auienee ec i?eeaca i ?1.
9. Aianai a eanno Iiniaui N.E. inoaoie iaeniieueciaaiiuo iiaeio/aoiuo
noii a ?acia?a 50 oun. ?oa. Ioi?ieyaony IEI ?6 [i?eeiaeaiea] ia
iniiaaiee aaainiaiai io/aoa ?2.
10. Auaeaii ec eannu ia eiiaiaee?iai/iua ?anoiaeu Eaaiiao E.O. a
?acia?a 1850 oun. ?oa. Ioi?ieyaony ?EI ?5 [i?eeiaeaiea] e iaio
i?eeaaaaony eaeoaioeey i naea/a iaee/iuo aeaiaa a aaie ?1 [i?eeiaeaiea].
11. Iinooieee a eanno aeaiueae ia i?iaaaeaiea oeaeaaiai ia?ii?eyoey a
?acia?a 5000 oun. ?oa. Ioi?ieyaony IEI ?7 [i?eeiaeaiea].
12. Iinooieee a eanno aciinu ?aaioieeia a /anoe/iia iiaaoaiea noieiinoe
iooaaie, i?eia?aoaiiuo ca n/ao n?aaenoa i?aaei?eyoey a ?acia?a 20000
oun. ?oa. Ioi?ieyaony IEI ?8 [i?eeiaeaiea].
13. Aianaiu iaee/iua aeaiaaeiua n?aaenoaa ia ?an/aoiue n/ao a aaie a
?acia?a 50000 oun. ?oa. Ioi?ieyaony ?EI ?6 [i?eeiaeaiea] i?eeaaaaony
eaeoaioeey i naea/a iaee/iuo aeaiaa a aaie ?2 [i?eeiaeaiea].
14. Ooaa?aeaeaiu aaainiaua io/aou aaaioa ioaeaea niaaaeaiey Eaaiiaa
E.O. a ?acia?a 1780 oun. ?oa. Ioi?ieyaony ?EI ?7 [i?eeiaeaiea].
15. Ca/eneaia ia ?an/aoiue n/ao au?o/ea ca i?iaeaiioth i?iaeoeoeeth a
?acia?a 80000 oun. ?oa. Ioi?ieyaony ieaoaaeiia ii?o/aiea ?1 ia iniiaaiee
aeiaiai?a ? e auienea n ?/n ?3 [i?eeiaeaiea].
16. Nienuaaaony IAeN n iieo/aiiuo iaoa?eaeia a ?acia?a 13333 oun. ?oa.
Ioi?ieyaony aooaaeoa?neay ni?aaea.
17. Iinooieei io iieoiaoaeae e caeac/eeia a ?acia?a 240000 oun. ?oa. Iu
iieo/aai io iieoiaoaeae ieaoaaeiia ii?o/aiea ?2 [i?eeiaeaiea] e auieneo
?/n ?4 [i?eeiaeaiea].
18. Nienuaaaony IAeN a ?acia?a 40000 oun. ?oa. Ioi?ieyaony
aooaaeoa?neay ni?aaea.
19. Iinooieei ia ?an/aoiue n/ao ca ?aaeeciaaiiua iniiaiua n?aaenoaa a
?acia?a 100000 oun. ?oa. Ioi?ieyaony ieaoaaeiia ii?o/aiea ?2
[i?eeiaeaiea] ia iniiaaiee iaeeaaeiie ?2 e n/ao oaeoo?a ?2 ia iieo/aiea
oiaa?a.
20. Nienuaaaony IAeN n ?aaeeciaaiiuo IN a ?acia?a 16667 oun. ?oa.
Ioi?ieyaony aooaaeoa?neay ni?aaea.
21. Iinooieei ia ?an/aoiue n/ao ca ?aaeeciaaiiua iaiaoa?eaeueiua aeoeau
a ?acia?a 56000 oun. ?oa. Ioi?ieyaony ieaoaaeiia ii?o/aiea ?3
[i?eeiaeaiea].
22. Nienuaaaony IAeN n ?aaeeciaaiiuo iaiaoa?eaeueiuo aeoeaia a ?acia?a
9333 oun. ?oa. Ioi?ieyaony aooaaeoa?neay ni?aaea.
23. Iiea/aiu n/aoa iinoaaueeia ca iieo/aiiua io ieo iaoa?eaeu a ?acia?a
280000 oun. ?oa. Ioi?ieyaony ieaoaaeiia ii?o/aiea ?4 [i?eeiaeaiea].
24. Nienuaaaony IAeN n iieo/aiiuo iaoa?eaeia a ?acia?a 46667 oun. ?oa.
Ioi?ieyaony aooaaeoa?neay ni?aaea.
25. IAeN, oiea/aiiue iinoaaueeai, i?aaeuyaeyaony athaeaeaoo e
aiciauaieth a iieiie noiia 46667 oun. ?oa.
26. Iiea/aiu n ?an/aoiiai n/aoa ?anoiaeu ii ecaioiaeaieth i?iaeoeoeee a
?acia?a 40000 oun. ?oa. Ioi?ieyaony ieaoaaeiia ii?o/aiea ?5
[i?eeiaeaiea].
27. Iieo/ai aaain io caeac/eea a ?acia?a 150000 oun. ?oa. Iu iieo/aai
ieaoaaeiia ii?o/aiea ? 6 e auieneo n ?/n ?5 [i?eeiaeaiea].
28. Nienuaaaony IAeN n iieo/aiiiai aaaina a ?acia?a 25000 oun. ?oa.
Ioi?ieyaony aooaaeoa?neay ni?aaea.
29. Iieo/aii io aeaaeoi?ia a iiaaoaiea caaeieaeaiiinoe a ?acia?a
3000 oun. ?oa. Ioi?ieyaony IEI ?9 [i?eeiaeaiea].
30. Iiea/aiu n ?an/aoiiai n/aoa iauaoicyenoaaiiua ?anoiaeu a ?acia?a
2000 oun. ?oa. Ioi?ieyaony ieaoaaeiia ii?o/aiea ?6 [i?eeiaeaiea].
31. Ioeai/ii ca/eneaiu aeaiaaeiua n?aaenoaa ia ?an/aoiue n/ao a ?acia?a
15000 oun. ?oa. Ioi?ieyaony ieaoaaeiia ii?o/aiea ?7 [i?eeiaeaiea] e
auienea n ?/n ?6 [i?eeiaeaiea].
32. Ia?a/eneaiu ieaoaaee a oiiae caiyoinoe a ?acia?a 10000 oun. ?oa.
Ioi?ieyaony ieaoaaeiia ii?o/aiea ?8 [i?eeiaeaiea].
33. Ia?a/eneaia ca?aaioiay ieaoa ?aaioieeia ia eeoeaaua n/aoa a
Naa?aaiea a ?acia?a 580000 oun. ?oa. Ioi?ieyaony ieaoaaeiia
ii?o/aiea ?9 [i?eeiaeaiea].
34. Ia?a/eneai iaeia ia i?eaueue a ?acia?a 30000 oun. ?oa. Ioi?ieyaony
ieaoaaeiia ii?o/aiea ?10 [i?eeiaeaiea] ia iniiaaiee aeiaiai?a ?3.
35. Ia?a/eneaii ia nioeeaeueiia no?aoiaaiea e iaania/aiea a ?acia?a
60000 oun. ?oa. Ioi?ieyaony ieaoaaeiia ii?o/aiea ?11 [i?eeiaeaiea].
36. Aianai ia ?an/aoiue n/ao inoaoie aeaiaa a eanna a ?acia?a 28000
oun. ?oa. Ioi?ieyaony ?EI ?8 [i?eeiaeaiea] e i?eeaaaaony eaeoaioeey i
naea/a iaee/iuo aeaiaa a aaie ?3 [i?eeiaeaiea].
37. Nienaia n ?an/aoiiai n/aoa ioeai/ii ca/eneaiiay noiia a ?acia?a
15000 oun. ?oa. Iieo/aai auieneo n ?an/aoiiai n/aoa ?7 [i?eeiaeaiea].
38. Ioe?uo aee?aaeeoea ca n/ao nianoaaiiuo n?aaenoa i?aaei?eyoey a
?acia?a 120000 oun. ?oa. Ioi?ieyaony cayaeaiea ia ioe?uoea aee?aaeeoeaa
?1.
39. Ia?a/eneaiu no?aoiaua ieaoaaee ii ee/iiio e eiouanoaaiiiio
no?aoiaaieth a ?acia?a 121000 oun. ?oa. Ioi?ieyaony ieaoaaeiia ii?o/aiea
?12 [i?eeiaeaiea].
40. Aica?auai inoaoie iaeniieueciaaiiiai aee?aaeeoeaa a ?acia?a
5000 oun. ?oa. Auienuaaaony n ?// auienea ?8 [i?eeiaeaiea].
41. Iieo/aii io no?aoiaie eiiiaiee aiciauaiea i?e ianooieaiee
no?aoiaiai neo/ay a ?acia?a 45000 oun. ?oa. Auienuaaaony auienea n ?/n
?9 [i?eeiaeaiea].
42. Ca/eneai ia ?an/aoiue n/ao e?aoein?i/iue e?aaeeo a ?acia?a
150000 oun. ?oa. Auienuaaaony auienea n ?/n ?10 [i?eeiaeaiea].
43. Iieo/aii io ae?oaiai i?aaei?eyoey e?aoein?i/iue caai a ?acia?a
80000 oun. ?oa. Ioi?ieyaony aeiaiai? ?4, a iu iieo/aai ieaoaaeiia
ii?o/aiea ?9 e auieneo n ?/n ?11.
44. Iieo/aii io ae?oaiai i?aaei?eyoey caai a ?acia?a 20000 oun. ?oa.
Ioi?ieyaony aeiaiai? ?5, a iu iieo/aai ieaoaaeiia ii?o/aiea ?13
[i?eeiaeaiea] e auieneo n ?/n ?12 [i?eeiaeaiea].
45. Aic?auai e?aoein?i/iue e?aaeeo a ?acia?a 150000 oun. ?oa.
Ioi?ieyaony ieaoaaeiia ii?o/aiea ?14 [i?eeiaeaiea].
46. Aic?auai ae?oaiio i?aaei?eyoeth e?aoein?i/iue caai a ?acia?a
80000 oun. ?oa. Ioi?ieyaony ieaoaaeiia ii?o/aiea ?15 [i?eeiaeaiea].
47. Ia/eneai i/a?aaeiie ieaoaae ca aeieain?i/ii a?aiaeoaiua iniiaiua
n?aaenoaa a ?acia?a 13333 oun. ?oa.
Nienuaaaony IAeN n aeieain?i/iie a?aiaeu IN a ?acia?a 2667 oun. ?oa.
Ioi?ieyaony aooaaeoa?neay ni?aaea.
Aianai i/a?aaeiie ieaoaae ca aeieain?i/ii a?aiaeoaiua iniiaiua n?aaenoaa
a ?acia?a 16000 oun. ?oa. Ioi?ieyaony ieaoaaeiia ii?o/aiea ?16
[i?eeiaeaiea].
Ae 50 E Ae 51
E
Ni=38000 Ni=3430000
1) 125000 6) 110000 17) 50000
1) 125000
2) 15000 7) 10000 19) 80000
2) 15000
3) 6500 9) 160 20) 240000
8) 1800000
5) 5800 10) 1800000 21) 100000 15)
5000
8) 1800000 14) 1850 22) 56000
23) 280000
13) 50 17) 50000 26) 150000
24) 40000
15) 5000 18) 1780 27) 3000
28) 2000
16) 20000 34) 28000 29) 15000
30) 10000
34) 28000
31) 580000
Ia=1977350 Ia=2001790 38) 5000 32)
30000
39) 45000
33) 60000
Ne= 13560 40) 150000
36) 120000
41) 80000
37) 121000
42) 20000
43) 150000
44) 80000
46) 16000
Ia=1022000 Ia=3434000
Ne=1018000
CAEETH*AIEA.
Aeaiiay eo?niaay ?aaioa ?anniao?eaaao iia?aoeee ii ?an/aoiiio n/aoo e
eanniauo iia?aoeee a aooaaeoa?neii o/aoa. A i?ioeanna aa iaienaiey auea
naeaeaia iiiuoea i?iaiaeece?iaaoue oeaee, noiyuea ia?aae aooaaeoa?neei
o/aoii, e caaea/e, eioi?ua aeieaeai auiieiyoue aooaaeoa? ii o/aoo
iia?aoeee ii ?an/aoiiio n/aoo e eanniauo iia?aoeee.
Aeey iaeaa/aiey iiieiaiey e iaeaieaa iieiiai ?ane?uoey aai nouiinoe auea
aeaia e?aoeay enoi?e/aneay ni?aaea i noaiiaeaiee aooaaeoa?neiai o/aoa a
?innee eae iaoee.
A oai?aoe/aneie /anoe aeaiiie eo?niaie ?aaiou auea iienaia iaoiaeeea
aaaeaiey aooaaeoa?neiai o/aoa iia?aoeee ii ?an/aoiiio n/aoo e eanniauo
iia?aoeee. Auee i?eaaaeaiu n/aoa, n iiiiuueth eioi?uo aaaeaony o/ao
iia?aoeee ii ?an/aoiiio n/aoo e eanniauo iia?aoeee.
A ?an/aoiie /anoe auea ia?a/eneaia ia?ae/iay aeieoiaioaoeey,
eniieuecoaiay i?e o/aoa iia?aoeee ii ?an/aoiiio n/aoo e eanniauo
iia?aoeee. Oae aea a ?an/aoiie /anoe aue i?iecaaaeai o/ao eiie?aoiuo
iia?aoeee, aeaiiuo a caaeaiee, ioi?ieaia eieaa oicyenoaaiiuo iia?aoeee e
ia?ae/iay aeieoiaioaoeey ii yoei iia?aoeeyi, eioi?ay yaeyaony
i?eeiaeaieai e aeaiiie eo?niaie ?aaioa.
Ia iniiaaiee ia?ae/iie aeieoiaioaoeee e eieae oicyenoaaiiuo iia?aoeee
auee caiieiaiu aeo?iaeu-i?aea?a e Aeaaiua eieae ii n/aoai 50 ”Eanna” e
51 “?an/aoiue n/ao”.
I?eaaaeaiiay iaoiaeeea aaaeaiey aooaaeoa?neiai o/aoa iia?aoeee ii
?an/aoiiio n/aoo e eanniauo iia?aoeee yaeyaony iieiie e
eiie?aoece?iaaiiie, /oi iicaieyao i?aaieciaaoue /aoeia oi?aaeaiea e
eiio?ieue ca iinooieaieai, aeaeaeaieai e auauoeai aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa,
ii yoi iaoneiaeeaaao iaeioi?oth neiaeiinoue aeaiiie iaoiaeeee.
A aeaiiie eo?niaie ?aaioa auea naeaeaia iiiuoea i?iaiaeece?iaaoue
nouiinoue e iniiaiua i?eioeeiu aaaeaiey aooaaeoa?neiai o/aoa iia?aoeee
ii ?an/aoiiio n/aoo e eanniauo iia?aoeee , ia eiie?aoiuo iia?aoeeyo aue
i?eaaaeai i?eia? aaaeaiey o/aoa , /oi iiaeao neoaeeoue iiniaeai aeey
inaiaiey aeaiiiai iaoa?eaea, a oaeaea iiaeaioiaeie e i?aeoe/aneie
aeayoaeueiinoe ia i?aaei?eyoee.
EEOA?AOO?A.
1. A.I.Eiceiaa, I.A.Ia?aoooei, O.I.Aaa/aiei, A.I.Aaeaieia,
Aooaaeoa?neee o/ao, “Oeiainu e noaoenoeea”, Iineaa 1994
2. I.E.Iaeaeueneay, A.TH.Aeaienia, Naiio/eoaeue ii aooaaeoa?neiio
o/aoo, Iineaa, 1996
3. Eanniaua iia?aoeee e ?an/aou, Aeaaaoo, Iineaa 1998
I?EEIAEAIEA.
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