Niaea?aeaiea
Aaaaeaiea
1 Oai?aoe/aneea iniiau oi?aaeaiey aeoeaaie eiiia?/aneeo aaieia
1.1 Oa?aeoa?enoeea iia?aoeee, inouanoaeyaiuo eiiia?/aneeie aaieaie
1.2 Oa?aeoa?enoeea aeoeaiuo iia?aoeee eiiia?/aneiai aaiea e eo
iniaaiiinoe
1.3 Ca?oaaaeiue iiuo oi?aaeaiey aeoeaiuie iia?aoeeyie eiiia?/aneiai
aaiea
2 Aiaeec oi?aaeaiey oeiainiauie aeoeaaie e aeoeaiuie iia?aoeeyie
eiiia?/aneiai aaiea (ia i?eia?a YO AI «Oaii?aaie»)
2.1 Iauay oa?aeoa?enoeea aeayoaeueiinoe aaiea
2.2 Aiaeec oeiainiaie io/aoiinoe aaiea
2.3 Aiaeec ?aioaaaeueiinoe aaiea
3 I?iaeaiu e iooe niaa?oainoaiaaiey oi?aaeaiey oeiainiauie aeoeaaie
eiiia?/aneiai aaiea
3.1 Nouanoaothuea i?iaeaiu oi?aaeaiey oeiainiauie aeoeaaie
3.2 Niaa?oainoaiaaiea nenoaiu oi?aaeaiey aeoeaiuie iia?aoeeyie
eiiia?/aneiai aaiea
Caeeth/aiea
Nienie eniieueciaaiiuo enoi/ieeia
I?eeiaeaiea A Aaeain AI «Oaii?aaie» ca 2005 – 2006 a.a.
A?aoe/aneay /anoue
Aiiioaoeey
Oaia aeeieiiiie ?aaiou «Oi?aaeaiea aeoeaiuie iia?aoeeyie eiiia?/aneiai
aaiea» (ia i?eia?a YO AI «Oaii?aaie»).
Aeooaeueiinoue aeaiiie oaiu caeeth/aaony a oii, /oi aeoeaiua iia?aoeee,
i?iaiaeeiua eiiia?/aneei aaieii – yoi aeaaiue eino?oiaio ?aciauaiey
eiathueony a eo ?anii?yaeaiee ?ano?nia, niinianoaothuee iieo/aieth
i?eauee e iiaeaea?aeaiey eeeaeaeiinoe. Aeoeaiua iia?aoeee aaiea
?acii?iaeiu eae ii yeiiiie/aneiio niaea?aeaieth, oae e n oi/ee c?aiey eo
aeioiaeiinoe e ea/anoaa. *anoue aeoeaiuo iia?aoeee aaiea i?aaenoaaeyao
niaie aacaeueoa?iaoeaiia ?aciauaiea naieo n?aaenoa, iai?eia?, a oiiae
aa?aioe?iaaiey aeeaaeia, aaea aeaiaaeiua n?aaenoaa ia iiaoo ia?auaoueny,
a neaaeiaaoaeueii i?eiineoue i?eaueue. Ae?oaea aeaeu ?aciauaiey iiaoo
ieacaoueny aunieiaeioiaeiuie, ii i/aiue ?eneiaaiiuie. Eiaiii iiyoiio
eaaeaeue eiiia?/aneee aaie aeieaeai oi/ii ii?aaeaeyoue naie ?uii/iua
i?ei?eoaou e niaoeeaeecaoeeth a ethaie a?aiaiiie ia?eiae naiae
aeayoaeueiinoe.
Oeaeyie aeaiiie aeeieiiiie ?aaiou yaeyaony eco/aiea eeanneoeeaoeee
iia?aoeee eiiia?/aneiai aaiea, auaeaeaiea iia?aoeee, ioiinyueony eiaiii
e aeoeaiui, a oaeaea auyaeaiea i?iaeai oi?aaeaiey aeoeaaie e aeoeaiuie
iia?aoeeyie eiiia?/aneiai aaiea, e iiene iooae eo ?aoaiey.
A ia?aie /anoe aeaiiie aeeieiiiie ?aaiou iienuaathony oai?aoe/aneea
iniiau oi?aaeaiey aeoeaaie eiiia?/aneiai aaiea, ?anniao?eaaaony
eeanneoeeaoeey iia?aoeee aaiea, e iiae?iaiaa ?anniao?eaathony aeoeaiua
iia?aoeee e eo iniaaiiinoe.
Ai aoi?ie /anoe i?eaiaeeony oa?aeoa?enoeea aeayoaeueiinoe eiiia?/aneiai
aaiea ia i?eia?a YO AI «Oaii?aaie», i?iecaiaeeony aiaeec oeiainiaie
io/aoiinoe aaiea e aiaeec aai ?aioaaaeueiinoe.
A o?aoueae /anoe aeeieiiiie ?aaiou auaeaeythony nouanoaothuea i?iaeaiu,
n eioi?uie noaeeeaathony eiiia?/aneea aaiee a oiaea inouanoaeaiey
iia?aoeee ii ?aciauaieth n?aaenoa, a oaeaea i?eaaaeaiu iooe
niaa?oainoaiaaiey nenoaiu oi?aaeaiey aeoeaiuie iia?aoeeyie aaiea.
Aeaiiay aeeieiiiay ?aaioa auea ?ac?aaioaia ia iniiaa eino?oeoeaiiai
iaoa?eaea, Iieiaeaiee i oeeeaea AI «Oaii?aaie» a ai?iaea Aeeaanooca, a
oaeaea ia iniiaa eco/aiey niaoeeaeueiie yeiiiie/aneie eeoa?aoo?u e
ioaeeeaoeee a ia?eiaee/aneeo ecaeaieyo, a eioi?uo aiaeece?othony
i?iaeaiu oi?aaeaiey aeoeaaie e aeoeaiuie iia?aoeeyie eiiia?/aneiai
aaiea.
Annotation
Theme of graduate work « Management of active operations of a business
bank » (by the example of joint-stock company ” Temirbank ” Ekibastuz
branch).
The urgency of the given theme consists that the active operations spent
by a business bank is the main tool of accommodation of the resources
available at their order, promoting profit earning and maintenance of
liquidity. Active banking businesses are diverse both under the economic
contents, and from the point of view of their profitableness and
quality. The part of active banking businesses represents uncontested
accommodation of the means, for example, in fund of warranting of
contributions, where money resources cannot address and consequently to
make a profit. Other kinds of accommodation can appear highly
remunerative, but very risky. For this reason each business bank should
state accurately the market priorities and specialization during any
time period of the activity.
The purposes of the given degree work is studying classification of
operations of a business bank, allocation of the operations concerning
to active, and also revealing of problems of assets management and
active operations of a business bank, and search of ways of their
decision.
In the first part of the given degree work theoretical bases of assets
management of a business bank are described, classification of banking
businesses is considered, and active operations and their features are
more in detail considered.
In the second part the characteristic of activity of a business bank by
the example of joint-stock company ” Temirbank ” Ekibastuz branch is
resulted, the analysis of the financial reporting of bank and the
analysis of its profitability is made.
In the third part of graduate work existing problems with which business
banks face during realization of operations on accommodation of means
are allocated, and also ways of system development of management are
resulted by active banking businesses.
The given graduate work has been developed on the basis of an
instructive material, Regulations about branch of joint-stock company ”
Temirbank ” in the Ekibastuz city, and also on the basis of studying the
special economic literature and publications in periodicals in which
problems of assets management and are analyzed by active operations of a
business bank.
1.1 Iia?aoeee, inouanoaeyaiua eiiia?/aneeie aaieaie
Niaeanii aaieianeiio caeiiiaeaoaeuenoao aaie – yoi e?aaeeoiay
i?aaiecaoeey, eioi?ay eiaao i?aai i?eaeaeaoue aeaiaaeiua n?aaenoaa
oece/aneeo e th?eaee/aneeo eeoe, ?aciauaoue eo io naiaai eiaie e ca naie
n/ao ia oneiaeyo aica?aoiinoe, ieaoiinoe,n?i/iinoe e i?iaiaeeoue
?an/aoiua iia?aoeee ii ii?o/aieth eeeaioia. Oaeei ia?acii, eiiia?/aneea
aaiee inouanoaeytho (eee aeieaeiu inouanoaeyoue) eiiieaeniia
ianeoaeeaaiea eeeaioia, /oi ioee/aao eo io niaoeeaeueiuo e?aaeeoiuo
i?aaiecaoeee iaaaieianeiai oeia, auiieiythueo ia?aie/aiiue e?oa
oeiainiauo iia?aoeee e oneoa.
A niioaaonoaee ni naieie ooieoeeyie eae aaiea eiiia?/aneee aaie
inouanoaeyao:
– aeeoioeyoeeth (i?eaea/aiea) a?aiaiii naiaiaeiuo aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa a
aeaiiceou;
– eo ?aciauaiea;
– ?an/aoii-eanniaia ianeoaeeaaiea eeeaioia.
Eiiia?/aneea aaiee aunooiatho, i?aaeaea anaai, eae niaoeeoe/aneea
e?aaeeoiua einoeooou, eioi?ua, n iaeiie noi?iiu, oaeiaeaoai?ytho ca n/ao
yoeo i?eaea/aiiuo n?aaenoa ?aciiia?aciua oeiainiaua iio?aaainoe
i?aaiecaoeee e ianaeaiey.
Yeiiiie/aneoth iniiao aeayoaeueiinoe ii aeeoioeyoeee e ?aciauaieth
e?aaeeoiuo ?ano?nia ninoaaeyao aeaeaeaiea aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa –
iauaeoeaiue i?ioeann, ieacuaathuee aeeyiea ia oi?ie?iaaiea e
eniieueciaaiea nnoaeaaiuo noieiinoae. I?aaiecoy yoio i?ioeann,
eiiia?/aneee aaie aunooiaao eiiia?/aneei i?aaei?eyoeai, iaania/eaathuei
auaiaeiia iiiauaiea aeeoioee?iaaiiuo e?aaeeoiuo ?ano?nia.
Eiiia?/aneea aaiee, eiioeaio?e?oy ia naieo n/aoao a?aiaiii naiaiaeiua
aeaiaaeiua n?aaenoaa eeeaioia, eiatho aiciiaeiinoue i?aaeinoaaeyoue eo a
nnoaeo noauaeoai yeiiiieee, eniuouaathuei iaaeinoaoie n?aaenoa aeey
inouanoaeaiey ieaoaaeae, eiaanoeoeee e o.ae. Oaeei ia?acii aaiee
?aaoee?otho iauoth eeeaeaeiinoue yeiiiieee. Ieeaeea ae?oaea einoeooou
oeiainiaiai ?uiea, iineieueeo iie ia aaaeoo ?an/aoiuo e oaeoueo n/aoia,
ia iiaoo auiieiyoue aiaeiae/iua ooieoeee.
Nouanoaotho oaeaea e ae?oaea i?eciaee, ioee/athuea aaiee io iaaaieianeeo
oeiainiai-e?aaeeoiuo einoeoooia:
– aeey aaieia oa?aeoa?ai aeaieiie iaiai aeieaiauie iaycaoaeuenoaaie. Yoi
ioee/aao aaiee io oeiainiauo a?iea?ia e aeeea?ia, eioi?ua aeaenoaotho ia
oeiainiaii ?uiea, ia auioneay nianoaaiiuo aeieaiauo iaycaoaeuenoa;
– aaiee i?eieiatho ia naay aaconeiaiua iaycaoaeuenoaa e?aaeeoiiai
oa?aeoa?a (ii aeoeaai e ianneaai) ia?aae th?eaee/aneeie e oece/aneeie
eeoeaie a iniiaiii n oeene?iaaiiie noiiie aeieaa, iai?eia?, i?e
iiiauaiee n?aaenoa eeeaioia ia n/aoa ii aeeaaeai, i?e auionea oeiainiauo
aaenaeae, aeaiiceoiuo e naa?aaaoaeueiuo na?oeoeeaoia. Yoei aaiee
ioee/athony io eiaanoeoeeiiiuo oiiaeia, eioi?ua iiaeeecotho ?ano?nu ia
iniiaa auionea nianoaaiiuo aeoeee;
– aaiee – yoi e?aaeeoiua einoeooou oieaa?naeueiiai oeia, auiieiythuea
oe?ieee niaeo? iia?aoeee e oneoa oeiainiaiai oa?aeoa?a.
Iniaaiiinoe eiiia?/aneeo aaieia i?iyaeythony a oiaea auiieiaiey i?enoueo
ei iia?aoeee e oneoa. Iia?aoeee eiiia?/aneiai aaiea i?aaenoaaeytho niaie
eiie?aoiia i?iyaeaiea aaieianeeo ooieoeee ia i?aeoeea.
Ana iia?aoeee eiiia?/aneiai aaiea iiaeii oneiaii ?acaeaeeoue ia o?e
iniiaiua a?oiiu:
– ianneaiua iia?aoeee (i?eaea/aiea n?aaenoa);
– aeoeaiua iia?aoeee (?aciauaiea n?aaenoa);
– aeoeaii – ianneaiua iia?aoeee (iin?aaeie/aneea, o?anoiaua e i?i/ea)
iia?aoeee.
Ianneaiua iia?aoeee – yoi iia?aoeee ii i?eaea/aieth n?aaenoa a aaiee,
oi?ie?iaaieth eo ?ano?nia. E ianneaiui iia?aoeeyi aaiea ioiinyo:
i?eaea/aiea n?aaenoa ia ?an/aoiua e oaeouea n/aoa th?eaee/aneeo e
oece/aneeo eeoe; ioe?uoea n?i/iuo n/aoia a?aaeaeai e i?aaiecaoeee;
auione oeaiiuo aoiaa; caeiu, iieo/aiiua io ae?oaeo i?aaiecaoeee, e o.ae.
Ana ianneaiua iia?aoeee aaiea, naycaiiua n i?eaea/aieai n?aaenoa, a
caaeneiinoe io eo yeiiiie/aneiai niaea?aeaiey iiae?acaeaeythony ia
aeaiiceoiua e yienneiiiua.
A nia?aiaiiuo oneiaeyo eneeth/eoaeueii aaaeiu i?ioeannu oi?ie?iaaiey
aaieianeeo ianneaia, iioeiecaoeee eo no?oeoo?u e a nayce n yoei ea/anoai
oi?aaeaiey anaie enoi/ieeaie aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa, eioi?ua ia?acotho
?ano?niue iioaioeeae eiiia?/aneiai aaiea. I/aaeaeii, /oi onoie/eaay
?ano?niay aaca aaiea iicaieyao aio oniaoii i?iaiaeeoue eiaanoeoeeiiiua,
a oii /enea nnoaeiua, e eiua aeoeaiua iia?aoeee. Iiyoiio eaaeaeue
eiiia?/aneee aaie no?aieony ia?aueaaoue ?ano?nu.
Aeoeaii-ianneaiua iia?aoeee aaieia – eiienneiiiua, iin?aaeie/aneea
iia?aoeee, auiieiyaiua aaieaie ii ii?o/aieth eeeaioia ca ii?aaeaeaiioth
ieaoo – eiienneth. Eiaiii yoo a?oiio aaieianeeo iia?aoee iau/ii
iacuaatho oneoaaie. ?acee/atho ?an/aoiua oneoae, naycaiiua n
inouanoaeaieai aioo?aiieo e iaaeaeoia?iaeiuo ?an/aoia, o?anoiaua oneoae
ii eoiea-i?iaeaaea aaieii ii ii?o/aieth eeeaioia oeaiiuo aoiaa,
eiino?aiiie aaethou, ae?aaioeaiiuo iaoaeeia, iin?aaeie/anoai a
?aciauaiee aeoeee iaeeaaoeee, aooaaeoa?neia e eiinoeueoaoeeiiiia
ianeoaeeaaiea eeeaioia e i?.
Eiienneiiiua iia?aoeee – yoi iia?aoeee, inouanoaeyaiua aaieaie ii
ii?o/aieth, io eiaie e ca n/ao eeeaioia; i?eiinyo aaieai aeioiae a aeaea
eiienneiiiiai aiciaa?aaeaeaiey.
E aeaiiie eaoaai?ee iia?aoeee ioiinyony:
– iia?aoeee ii eieanne?iaaieth aeaaeoi?neie caaeieaeaiiinoe (iieo/aiea
aeaiaa ii ii?o/aieth eeeaioia ia iniiaaiee ?acee/iuo aeaiaaeiuo
aeieoiaioia);
– ia?aaiaeiua iia?aoeee;
– oi?aiai-eiienneiiiua (oi?aiai-iin?aaeie/aneea) iia?aoeee (iieoiea e
i?iaeaaea aeey eeeaioia oeaiiuo aoiaa, ae?aaioeaiiuo iaoaeeia,
i?iaaaeaiea oaeoi?eiaiauo, eeceiaiauo e ae?oaeo iia?aoeee);
– aeiaa?eoaeueiua (o?anoiaua) iia?aoeee;
– iia?aoeee ii i?aaeinoaaeaieth eeeaioai th?eaee/aneeo e ae?oaeo oneoa.
Iiae?iaiaa inoaiiaeiny ia aeoeaiuo iia?aoeeyo eiiia?/aneiai aaiea.
Aeoeaiua iia?aoeee – yoi iia?aoeee, iin?aaenoaii eioi?uo aaiee ?aciautho
eiathueany a eo ?anii?yaeaiee ?ano?nu aeey iieo/aiey i?eauee e
iiaeaea?aeaiey eeeaeaeiinoe. E aeoeaiui iia?aoeeyi aaiea ioiinyony:
– e?aoein?i/iia e aeieain?i/iia e?aaeeoiaaiea i?iecaiaenoaaiiie,
nioeeaeueiie, eiaanoeoeeiiiie e iao/iie aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaiecaoeee;
– i?aaeinoaaeaiea iio?aaeoaeueneeo nnoae ianaeaieth;
– i?eia?aoaiea oeaiiuo aoiaa;
– eeceia;
– oaeoi?eia;
– eiiiaaoeeiiiia oeiaine?iaaiea e e?aaeeoiaaiea;
– aeieaaia o/anoea n?aaenoaaie aaiea a oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe
i?aaiecaoeee;
– i?aaeinoaaeaiea nnoae ae?oaei aaieai.
Aeoeaiua iia?aoeee aaiea ii yeiiiie/aneiio niaea?aeaieth iiae?acaeaeytho
neaaeothuei ia?acii:
– nnoaeiua (o/aoii-nnoaeiua);
– ?an/aoiua;
– eanniaua;
– eiaanoeoeeiiiua e oiiaeiaua;
– aaethoiua;
– aa?aioeeiua.
Nnoaeiua iia?aoeee – yoi iia?aoeee ii i?aaeinoaaeaieth (auaea/a)
n?aaenoa caaiueeo ia ia/aeao n?i/iinoe aica?aoa e ieaoiinoe. Nnoaeiua
iia?aoeee, naycaiiua n iieoieie (o/aoii) aaenaeae eeai i?eiyoeai
aaenaeae a caeia – yoi o/aoiua (o/aoii-nnoaeiua) iia?aoeee.
Aeaeu nnoaeiuo iia?aoeee /?acau/aeii ?aciiia?aciu e aeaeyony ia a?oiiu
ii neaaeothuei e?eoa?eyi:
– oei caaiueea;
– niinia iaania/aiey;
– n?iee e?aaeeoiaaiey;
– oa?aeoa? e?oaiiai?ioa n?aaenoa;
– io?aneaaie i?eciae;
– iacia/aiea (iauaeou e?aaeeoiaaiey);
– ii?yaeie auaea/e n?aaenoa;
– iaoiae iiaaoaiey nnoaeu;
– ii?yaeie ia/eneaiey e iiaaoaiey i?ioeaioia;
– noaiaiue ?enea e ae?.
Eoae, eeanneoeeaoeey nnoae caaiueeia e iauaeoia e?aaeeoiaaiey iiaeao
auoue i?iaaaeaia ii ?yaeo i?eciaeia.
Ii noauaeoai e?aaeeoiie naeaeee (ii e?aaeeoi?o e caaiueeo) iiaeii
inouanoaeoue neaaeothuoth a?oiie?iaeo.
A caaeneiinoe io e?aaeeoi?a:
– aaieianeea nnoaeu (i?aaeinoaaeyaiua ioaeaeueiuie aaieaie eee
aaieianeeie eiini?oeeoiaie, iauaaeeiaieyie, a neeo /aai iieo/eee
iacaaiea eiini?oeeaeueiuo);
– nnoaeu e?aaeeoiuo i?aaiecaoeee iaaaieianeiai oeia (eiiaa?aeia, ioieoia
i?ieaoa, eann acaeiiiiiiue, e?aaeeoiuo eiiia?aoeaia, no?ieoaeueiuo
iauanoa, iaineiiiuo oiiaeia e i?.)
– ee/iua eee /anoiua nnoaeu (i?aaeinoaaeyaiua /anoiuie eeoeaie);
– nnoaeu, i?aaeinoaaeyaiua caaiueeai i?aaiecaoeeyie (iai?eia?, a
ii?yaeea eiiia?/aneiai e?aaeeoiaaiey eee nnoaeu n ?ann?i/eie ieaoaaea,
i?aaeinoaaeyaiua ianaeaieth oi?aiauie i?aaiecaoeeyie) e i?.
Ii oeio caaiueea:
– nnoaeu th?eaee/aneei eeoeai: eiiia?/aneei i?aaiecaoeeyi (a oii /enea
aaieai e oe?iai), iaeiiia?/aneei e i?aaeoaeuenoaaiiui i?aaiecaoeeyi;
– nnoaeu oece/aneei eeoeai.
Ii iaania/aieth ?acee/atho nnoaeu iaiaania/aiiua (aeaieiaua) e
iaania/aiiua (caeiaii, aa?aioeyie, ii?o/eoaeuenoaaie, no?aoiaaieai).
Aeaaiay i?e/eia, ii eioi?ie aaie o?aaoao iaania/aiey – ?ene iiianoe
oauoee a neo/aa iaaeaeaiey eee ianiiniaiinoe caaiueea iiaaneoue nnoaeo a
n?ie e iieiinoueth. Iaania/aiea ia aa?aioe?oao iiaaoaiea nnoaeu, ii
oiaiueoaao ?ene, oae eae a neo/aa eeeaeaeaoeee aaie iieo/aao
i?aeiouanoai ia?aae ae?oaeie e?aaeeoi?aie a ioiioaiee ethaiai aeaea
aeoeaia, eioi?ua neoaeao iaania/aieai aaieianeie nnoaeu.
Ii n?ieai e?aaeeoiaaiey nnoaeu iiae?acaeaeytho neaaeothuei ia?acii:
– e?aoein?i/iua (n?ieii io iaeiiai aeiy aei iaeiiai aiaea);
– n?aaeian?i/iua (n?ieii io iaeiiai aiaea aei o?ao – iyoe eao);
– aeieain?i/iua (n?ieii nauoa o?ao – iyoe eao).
Iaeiaei a aeaiiia a?aiy a nayce n iauae yeiiiie/aneie ianoaaeeueiinoueth
iiae?acaeaeaiea nnoae ii n?ieai oneiaii. Aaiee, i?aaeinoaaeyy nnoaeu
iau/ii iiae?acaeaeytho eo ia e?aoein?i/iua (aei iaeiiai aiaea), e
aeieain?i/iua (nauoa iaeiiai aiaea).
Ii oa?aeoa?o e?oaiiai?ioa n?aaenoa nnoaeu aeaeyo ia naciiiua e
ianaciiiua; ?aciaua e aiciaiiaeyaiua (?aaieueaa?iua e ?ieeiaa?iua). A
a?oiio ?aaieueaa?iuo nnoae, eae i?aaeei, aeeth/atho nnoaeu,
i?aaeinoaaeyaiua eeeaioai ii e?aaeeoiui ea?oai, eee nnoaeu ii aaeeiui
aeoeaii-ianneaiui n/aoai a oi?ia iaa?ae?aooa, eiioiei??aioiiai e?aaeeoa
e ae?oaeo. A ea/anoaa i?eia?a iiaeii i?eaanoe i?aeoeeo NOA, aaea
iio?aaeoaeueneea nnoaeu aeaeyo ia o?e a?oiiu: nnoaeu n ?ann?i/eie
ieaoaaea, ?aaieueaa?iua e nnoaeu aac ?ann?i/ee ieaoaaea.
Ii io?aneaaiio i?eciaeo ?acee/atho nnoaeu,i?aaeinoaaeyaiua aaieaie
i?aaei?eyoeyi i?iiuoeaiiinoe, naeueneiai oicyenoaa, oi?aiaee,
o?ainii?oa, nayce e o.ae.
Ii iai?aaeaieyi eniieueciaaiey (iauaeoai e?aaeeoiaaiey) nnoaeu
iiae?acaeaeythony ia oeaeaaua (e?aaeeou ia iieaoo iaoa?eaeueiuo
oeaiiinoae aeey iaania/aiey i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai i?ioeanna, e?aaeeou aeey
inouanoaeaiey oi?aiai-iin?aaeie/aneeo iia?aoeee, e?aaeeou ia
no?ieoaeuenoai e i?eia?aoai ea aeeeuey, e?aaeeou ia oi?ie?iaaiea
iai?ioiuo n?aaenoa e o.ae.) e iaoeaeaaua (iai?eia?, e?aaeeou ia iie?uoea
iaaeinoaoea aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa ia ?an/aoiii n/aoa eeeaioa).
Ii?yaeie auaea/e nnoae iiaeao i?aaeoniao?eaaoue auaea/o ?aciaie nnoaeu
eee e?aaeeoiaaiea eeeaioa ia iinoiyiiie iniiaa, o.a. iiiaie?aoioth
auaea/o nnoae, eae i?aaeei, a oa/aiea ioiineoaeueii aeeeoaeueiiai n?iea
a i?aaeaeao onoaiiaeaiiiai eeieoa (iai?eia?, i?aaeinoaaeaiea nnoae a
i?aaeaeao e?aaeeoiie eeiee).
Ii iaoiaeo iiaaoaiey ?acee/atho nnoaeu, iiaaoaaiua aaeeiia?aiaiii, e
nnoaeu n ?ann?i/eie ieaoaaea. Nnoaeu aac ?ann?i/ee ieaoaaea eiatho
aaaeioth iniaaiiinoue: ii oaeei nnoaeai iiaaoaiea caaeieaeaiiinoe e
i?ioeaioia inouanoaeyaony aaeeiia?aiaiii.
Nnoaeu n ?ann?i/eie ieaoaaea aeeth/atho: nnoaeu n ?aaiiia?iui
ia?eiaee/aneei iiaaoaieai (aaeaiany/ii, aaeaeaa?oaeueii e o.ae.); nnoaeu
n ?aaiiia?iui ia?eiaee/aneei iiaaoaieai (noiia ieaoaaea a iiaaoaiea
nnoaeu iaiyaony – aic?anoaao eee oiaiueoaaony – a caaeneiinoe io
ii?aaeaeaiiuo oaeoi?ia, iai?eia?, ii ia?a i?eaeeaeaiey aeaou
ieii/aoaeueiiai iiaaoaiey nnoaeu eee caaa?oaiey e?aaeeoiiai aeiaiai?a);
nnoaeu n ia?aaiiia?iui iaia?eiaee/aneei iiaaoaieai. I?e auaea/a nnoaeu n
?ann?i/eie ieaoaaea aeaenoaoao i?eioeei, niaeanii eioi?iio noiia nnoaeu
nienuaaaony /anoyie ia i?ioyaeaiee ia?eiaea aeaenoaey aeiaiai?a.
Iiaeiaiue ii?yaeie iiaaoaiey ia noieue ia?aiaieoaeai aeey caaiueea, eae
i?e aaeeiia?aiaiiie oieaoa aeieaa. Aeey aaiea oaeaea auaiaeiaa, /oiau
nnoaea iiaaoaeanue ?aaiiia?ii a oa/aiea anaai n?iea aeaenoaey aeiaiai?a,
oae eae yoi onei?yao iai?a/eaaaiinoue e?aaeeoa e aunaiaiaeaeaao
e?aaeeoiua ?ano?nu aeey iiauo aeiaeaiee, iiauoay oaeei ia?acii aai
eeeaeaeiinoue.
Ii iaoiaeo aceiaiey i?ioeaioia nnoaeu eeanneoeoee?otho neaaeothuei
ia?acii: nnoaeu n oaea?aeaieai i?ioeaioia a iiiaio i?aaeinoaaeaiey;
nnoaeu n oieaoie i?ioeaioia a iiiaio iiaaoaiey n oieaoie i?ioeaioia
?aaiuie aciinaie ia i?ioyaeaiee anaai n?iea iieueciaaiey
(aaeaeaa?oaeueii, iaeei ?ac a iieoaiaeea eee ii niaoeeaeueii
iaiai?aiiiio a?aoeeo).
Nouanoaoao oaeaea iiiyoea «nnoaea n aiioeoaoiui ieaoaaeii», o.a. nnoaea
n iiaaoaieai iniiaiiai aeieaa n iaeiia?aiaiiie oieaoie i?ioeaioia ca
iieueciaaiea ?aaiuie aeieyie /a?ac ?aaiua i?iiaaeooee a?aiaie.
Ii noaiaie ?enea ?acee/atho nnoaeu ia?aieeanniui caaiueeai n
ieieiaeueiui noaiaiueth ?enea (i?aaeinoaaeyaiua ia eueaioiuo oneiaeyo) e
nnoaeu n oia?aiiie eee iiauoaiiie noaiaiueth ?enea, /oi i?aaeiieaaaao
iniaua oneiaey e?aaeeoiaaiey, a /anoiinoe aceiaiea iiauoaiiuo
i?ioeaioia.
E?aaeeou iiaoo i?eieiaoue oi?io i?yiiai eee einaaiiiai aaieianeiai
e?aaeeoa. I?e i?aaeinoaaeaiee i?yiiai aaieianeiai e?aaeeoa caeeth/aaony
e?aaeeoiue aeiaiai? iaaeaeo aaieii e caaiueeii – iieueciaaoaeai nnoaeu.
Einaaiiue aaieianeee e?aaeeo i?aaeiieaaaao iaee/ea iin?aaeieea a
e?aaeeoiuo ioiioaieyo aaiea n eeeaioii. Oaeei iin?aaeieeii /aua anaai
aunooiatho i?aaei?eyoey ?icie/iie oi?aiaee. E?aaeeoiue aeiaiai? a yoii
neo/aa caeeth/aaony iaaeaeo eeeaioii e iaaaceiii, eioi?ue a
iineaaeothuai ii?yaeea iieo/aao nnoaeo a aaiea. I ?ani?ino?aiaiiinoe
iiaeiaiie oi?iu e?aaeeoiaaiey ia caiaaea naeaeaoaeuenoaoao, iai?eia?,
oio oaeo, /oi nae/an nauoa 60 % nnoae, auaeaaaaiuo aia?eeaioeai ia
i?eia?aoaiea aaoiiiaeey, i?aaenoaaeytho niaie einaaiiue e?aaeeo.
I?yiia e einaaiiia aaieianeia e?aaeeoiaaiea eiaao naie i?aeiouanoaa e
iaaeinoaoee. Ia?aia, /oi auaiaeii ioee/aao i?yiia aaieianeia
e?aaeeoiaaiea io einaaiiiai – yoi i?inoioa i?aaiecaoeee e?aaeeoiiai
i?ioeanna, eioi?ay iicaieyao oi/ii ioeaieoue iauaeo e?aaeeoiaaiey,
auynieoue yeiiiie/aneoth oeaeaniia?aciinoue auaea/e nnoaeu e
i?aaieciaaoue aeaenoaaiiue eiio?ieue ca aa eniieueciaaieai e iiaaoaieai.
Ana yoi, ianiiiaiii, iieiaeeoaeueii aicaeaenoaoao ia i?aaiecaoeeth
e?aaeeoiuo ioiioaiee aaiea n caaiueeii. N oi/ee c?aiey aaiea e
iaaaoeaiui oaeoi?ai, naycaiiui n i?yiui aaieianeei e?aaeeoiaaieai,
iau/ii ioiineony ianeieueei aieaa aunieee o?iaaiue ?enea, /ai i?e
einaaiiii aaieianeii e?aaeeoiaaiee.
Einaaiiia aaieianeia e?aaeeoiaaiea iicaieyao aaieo nie?aoeoue aeeyiea
?eneia (e?aaeeoiuo, i?ioeaioiuo, aaethoiuo, ?uii/iuo e i?i/eo),
iineieueeo nnoaeu, i?aaeinoaaeyaiua, iai?eia?, th?eaee/aneei eeoeai
(oi?aiaui i?aaiecaoeeyi, i?aaei?eyoeyi e oe?iai e o.ae.), iicaieytho n
aieueoae noaiaiueth aeinoiaa?iinoe e ?aaeueiinoe ii?aaeaeeoue
e?aaeeoiniiniaiinoue caaiueea (th?eaee/aneiai eeoea), aiciiaeiinoe
iiaaoaiey nnoaeu a n?ie e iieiinoueth, i?aaieciaaoue aeaenoaaiiue
eiio?ieue, a oii /enea ia noaaeee iiaaoaiey nnoaeu. N oi/ee c?aiey
eeeaioa, aaaeii, oaeaea, /oi ii iieo/aao nnoaeo a iiiaio aicieeiiaaiey
iio?aaiinoe a iae (a oi?aiaie i?aaiecaoeee i?e iieoiea oiaa?ia
aeeeoaeueiiai iieueciaaiey, iai?eia?, ii e?aaeeoiie ea?oa) e iao
iaiaoiaeeiinoe ia?auaoueny a aaie n i?inueaie i auaea/a nnoaeu.
I?eaaaeaiiay eeanneoeeaoeey oneiaia, oae eae a aaieianeie i?aeoeea
iiae/an iaaiciiaeii auaeaeeoue oo eee eioth nnoaeo «a /enoii aeaea» a
niioaaonoaee n ii?aaeaeaiiui i?eciaeii eeanneoeeaoeee. Yoa
eeanneoeeaoeey io?aaeaao iiiaiia?acea nnoae, ii ia iieacuaaao anao
aiciiaeiuo i?eciaeia a?oiie?iaee, a neeo /aai aa iiaeii iiaeieaeeoue ii
ae?oaei e?eoa?eyi.
Ana e?aaeeoiua iia?aoeee inounoaeythony eiiia?/aneeie aaieaie niaeanii
aeiaiai?ai, caeeth/aiiui n eeeaioaie. E?iia e?aaeeoiiai aeiaiai?a aeey
ioi?ieaiey nnoaeu eeeaiou i?aaenoaaeytho a aaie n?i/iia iaycaoaeuenoai
(iaycaoaeuenoai-ii?o/aiea), caeiaiaia eee aa?aioeeiia iaycaoaeuenoai e
cayaeaiea ia iieo/aiea nnoaeu.
I?e ia?ooaiee caaiueeii iaycaoaeuenoa ii e?aaeeoiiio aeiaiai?o
eiiia?/aneee aaie ai?aaa aein?i/ii acuneeaaoue i?aaeinoaaeaiiua nnoaeu e
ia/eneaiiua i?ioeaiou, anee yoi i?aaeoniio?aii aeiaiai?ii, ia?auaoue
acuneaiey ia caeiaeaiiia eiouanoai a ii?yaeea, onoaiiaeaiiii
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii.
?an/aoiua iia?aoeee – yoi iia?aoeee ii ca/eneaieth e nienaieth n?aaenoa
ni n/aoia eeeaioia, a oii /enea aeey iieaou eo iaycaoaeuenoa ia?aae
eiio?aaaioaie.
Eiiia?/aneea aaiee inouanoaeytho ?an/aou ii i?aaeeai, oi?iai e
noaiaea?oai, onoaiiaeaiiui Iaoeeiiaeueiui aaieii ?anioaeeee Eacaonoai;
i?e ionoonoaee i?aaee i?iaaaeaiey ioaeaeueiuo aeaeia ?an/aoia – ii
aeiaiai?aiiinoe iaaeaeo niaie; i?e i?iaaaeaiee iaaeaeoia?iaeiuo ?an/aoia
– a ii?yaeea, onoaiiaeaiiii oaaea?aeueiuie caeiiaie e i?aaeeaie,
i?eiyouie a iaaeaeoia?iaeiie aaieianeie i?aeoeea.
Eiiia?/aneea aaiee iaycaiu ia?a/eneyoue n?aaenoaa eeeaioa e ca/eneyoue
n?aaenoaa ia aai n/ao ia iicaeiaa neaaeothuaai iia?aoeeiiiiai aeiy iinea
iieo/aiey niioaaonoaothuaai ieaoaaeiiai aeieoiaioa. A neo/aa
ianaiaa?aiaiiiai eee iai?aaeeueiiai ca/eneaiey ia n/ao eee nienaiey ni
n/aoa eeeaioa aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa e?aaeeoiay i?aaiecaoeey auiea/eaaao
i?ioeaiou ia noiio yoeo n?aaenoa ii ioeoeeaeueiie i?ioeaioiie noaaea
Iaoeeiiaeueiiai aaiea ?anioaeeee Eacaonoai.
Eanniaua iia?aoeee – yoi iia?aoeee ii i?eaio e auaea/a iaee/iuo
aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa.
Aieaa oe?iei eanniaua iia?aoeee iiaeii ii?aaeaeeoue eae iia?aoeee,
naycaiiua n aeaeaeaieai iaee/iuo aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa, a oaeaea n
oi?ie?iaaieai, ?aciauaieai e eniieueciaaiaei aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa ia
?acee/iuo aeoeaiuo n/aoao aaiea e n/aoao eeeaioia eiiia?/aneiai aaiea.
Eiaanoeoeeiiiua e oiiaeiaua iia?aoeee – yoi iia?aoeee ii eiaanoe?iaaieth
aaieii naieo n?aaenoa a oeaiiua aoiaae e iae iaaaieianeeo no?oeoo? a
oeaeyo niaianoiie oicyenoaaiii-oeiainiaie e eiiia?/aneie aeayoaeueiinoe,
a oaeaea ?aciauaiea n?aaenoa a aeaea n?i/iuo aeeaaeia a ae?oaeo
e?aaeeoiuo i?aaiecaoeeyo.
Ioee/eoaeueiay iniaaiiinoue eiaanoeoeeiiiuo iia?aoeee eiiia?/aneiai
aaiea a n?aaiaiee n e?aaeeoiuie iia?aoeeyie caeeth/aaony a oii, /oi
eieoeeaoeaa i?iaaaeaiey ia?auo enoiaeeo io naiiai aaiea, a ia io aai
eeeaioa – yoi eiaanoeoeeiiiay aeayoaeueiinoue naiiai aaiea.
E oiiaeiaui iia?aoeeyi n oeaiiuie aoiaaaie (iiieii eiaanoeoeeiiiuo)
ioiinyony:
– iia?aoeee n aaenaeyie (o/aoiua e ia?ao/aoiua iia?aoeee, iia?aoeee ii
ii?ioanoiaaieth aaenaeae, eieanne?iaaieth, aeiieoeeee?iaaieth, aeoeaioo,
eiaeinne?iaaieth aaenaeae, auaea/a aaenaeueiuo ii?o/aiee, o?aiaieth
aaenaeae, eo i?iaeaaea ia aoeoeeiia);
– iia?aoeee n oeaiiuie aoiaaaie, eioe?othueieny ia oiiaeiauo ae?aeao.
Aaethoiua iia?aoeee – yoi iia?aoeee ii eoiea-i?iaeaaea eiino?aiiie
aaethou e eiuo aaethoiuo oeaiiinoae, aeeth/ay ae?aaioeaiiua iaoaeeu a
iiiaoao e neeoeao.
Aa?ioeeiua iia?aoeee – yoi iia?aoeee ii auaea/a aaieii aa?aioee
(ii?o/eoaeuenoaa) oieaou aeieaa eeeaioa o?aoueaio eeoeo i?e ianooieaiee
ii?aaeaeaiiuo oneiaee; i?eiinyo aaieai aeioiae oaeaea a aeaea
eiienneiiiuo.
E?iia oiai, aeoeaiua iia?aoeee aaieia iiae?acaeaeythony e ii ae?oaie
eeanneoeeaoeee.
A caaeneiinoe io noaiaie ?eneiainoe:
– ?eneiaua;
– ?ene – iaeo?aeueiua.
A caaeneiinoe io oa?aeoa?a (iai?aaeaiee) ?aciauaiey n?aaenoa aeoeaiua
iia?aoeee iiae?acaeaeythony ia:
– ia?ae/iua – iia?aoeee, naycaiiua n ?aciuaieai n?aaenoa ia
ei??aniiiaeaioneii n/aoa, a eanna, n auaea/ae nnoae eeeaioai, ae?oaei
aaieai, iaeioi?ua ae?oaea iia?aoeee;
– aoi?e/iua – iia?aoeee, naycaiiua n io/eneaieyie n?aaenoa a ?aca?aiue e
no?aoiaie oiiaeu;
– eiaanoeoeeiiiua – iia?aoeee ii aeiaeaieth n?aaenoa aaiea a nianoaaiiue
ii?ooaeue oeaiiuo aoiaa, a iniiaiua oiiaeu, ii o/anoeth a oicyenoaaiiie
aeayoaeueiinoe ae?oaeo i?aaiecaoeee.
Ii o?iaith aeioiaeiinoe aeoeaiua ii?aoeee aaiea iiae?acaeaeythony
neaaeothuei ia?acii:
– i?eiinyuea aeioiae – aunieiaeioiaeiua e ieceiaeioiaeiua, i?eiinyuea
aeioiae noaaeeueiue e ianoaaeeueiue;
– iia?aoeee, ia i?eiinyuea aeioiaea – iia?aoeee n iaee/iinoueth,
iia?aoeee ii ei??aniiiaeaioneiio n/aoo, io/eneaieth n?aaenoa a ?aca?aiue
oiiae, auaea/a aani?ioeaioiuo nnoae, i?ieiiae?iaaieth e ion?i/ea nnoae,
eiaaea i?ioeaiou ca iieueciaaiea nnoaeaie ia oiea/eaathony.
1.2 Oa?aeoa?enoeea aeoeaiuo iia?aoeee eiiia?/aneiai aaiea e eo
iniaaiiinoe
Aeoeaiua iia?aoeee – yoi iia?aoeee, iin?aaenoaii eioi?uo aaiee ?aciautho
eiathueany a eo ?anii?yaeaiee ?ano?nu aeey iieo/aiey i?eauee e
iiaeaea?aeaiey eeeaeaeiinoe. E aeoeaiui iia?aoeeyi aaiea ioiinyony:
– e?aoein?i/iia e aeieain?i/iia e?aaeeoiaaiea i?iecaiaenoaaiiie,
nioeeaeueiie, eiaanoeoeeiiiie e iao/iie aeayoaeueiinoe i?aaiecaoeee;
– i?aaeinoaaeaiea iio?aaeoaeueneeo nnoae ianaeaieth;
– i?eia?aoaiea oeaiiuo aoiaa;
– eeceia;
– oaeoi?eia;
– eiiiaaoeeiiiia oeiaine?iaaiea e e?aaeeoiaaiea;
– aeieaaia o/anoea n?aaenoaaie aaiea a oicyenoaaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe
i?aaiecaoeee, o/?aaeeoaeueneay aeayoaeueiinoue aaiea;
– i?aaeinoaaeaiea nnoae ae?oaei aaieai.
I?eia?aoaiea oeaiiuo aoiaa oaeoe/anee yaeyaony eiaanoeoeeiiiie
aeayoaeueiinoueth eiiia?/aneiai aaiea. Eiaanoeoeee eiiia?/aneeo aaieia
ioee/athony io e?aaeeoiuo iia?aoeee ii ?yaeo iieiaeaiee. E?aaeeoiua
nnoaeu i?aaeiieaaatho eniieueciaaiea n?aaenoa a oa/aiea ii?aaeaeaiiiai
n?aaieoaeueii iaaieueoiai ia?eiaea a?aiaie i?e oneiaee eo aica?aoa a
onoaiiaeaiiue n?ie n iieaoie nnoaeiiai i?ioeaioa. Eiaanoeoeee aea
i?aaeoniao?eaatho aeiaeaiea n?aaenoa aaiea ia aeieain?i/iue ia?eiae
a?aiaie aei oiai, eae yoe n?aaenoaa aa?ioony e naiaio aeaaeaeueoeo. I?e
aaieianeii e?aaeeoiaaiee eieoeeaoi?ii nnoae aunooiaao caaiuee. I?e
eiaanoe?iaaiee aea eieoeeaoeaa i?eiaaeeaaeeo eiiia?/aneiio aaieo,
eioi?ue no?aieony i?eia?anoe aeoeau ia ?uiea oeaiiuo aoiaa. Aaieianeia
e?aaeeoiaaiea iai?yioth naycaii n ioiioaieyie «aaie – caaiuee».
Eiaanoe?iaaiea aea – yoi iaacee/aiiay aeayoaeueiinoue aaiea.
Eeth/aaua oaeoi?u, eioi?ua ii?aaeaeytho oeaeue i?iaaaeaiey
eiaanoeoeeiiiie aeayoaeueiinoe eiiia?/aneeo aaieia – yoi iio?aaiinoue a
iieo/aiee aeioiaea e iio?aaiinoue a iaania/aiee eeeaeaeiinoe
ii?aaeaeaiiie a?oiiu naieo aeoeaia.
Ii oeio oeaiiua aoiaae aeaeyony ia: io?aaeathuea ioiioaiey aeieaa
(caeia) – aeieaiaua iaycaoaeuenoaa eee iaeeaaoeee; io?aaeathuea
ioiioaiey nianoaaiiinoe – aeoeee.
Aeieaiaua iaycaoaeuenoaa iiae?acaeaeythony ia ainoaea?noaaiiua oeaiiua
aoiaae (?uii/iua e ia?uii/iua) e iaeeaaoeee i?aaei?eyoee
(ei?ii?aoeaiua). ?uii/iua naiaiaeii i?iaeathony e iieoiathony ia
ioe?uoii ?uiea, ia?uii/iua – yieoe?othony ainoaea?noaii aeey i?eaea/aiey
n?aaenoa iaeeeo eiaeeaeaeoaeueiuo eiaanoi?ia (iai?eia?, naa?aaaoaeueiua
na?oeoeeaou).
Ia?yaeo n iniiaiuie oeaiiuie aoiaaaie ia oiiaeiaii ?uiea ia?auathony
aniiiiaaoaeueiua: aaenaey, /aee e na?oeoeeaou.
Iia?aoeee eiiia?/aneiai aaiea, naycaiiua n ?aciauaieai ?an?nia a oeaiiua
aoiaae, oi?ie?otho aai ii?ooaeue oeaiiuo aoiaa, eioi?ue a caaeneiinoe io
oeaeae i?eia?aoaiey e eioe?oaiinoe ia i?aaieciaaiiii ?uiea oeaiiuo aoiaa
aeaeeony ia oi?aiaue ii?ooaeue, eiaanoeoeeiiiue ii?ooaeue, e ii?ooaeue
oi?aiaiai o/anoey.
A oi?aiaue ii?ooaeue aeeth/athony eioe?oaiua oeaiiua aoiaae,
i?eia?aoaaiua n oeaeueth iieo/aiey aeioiaea io eo ?aaeecaoeee
(ia?ai?iaeaaee), a oaeaea oeaiiuo aoiaa, eioi?ua ia i?aaeiacia/aiu aeey
oaea?aeaiey a ii?ooaea nauoa 180 aeiae e iiaoo auoue ?aaeeciaaiu.
Eiaanoeoeeiiiue ii?ooaeue ninoaaeytho oeaiiua aoiaae, iieoiaaiua n
oeaeueth iieo/aiey eiaanoeoeeiiiiai aeioiaea, a oaeaea a ?an/aoa ia
aiciiaeiinoue ?inoa eo noieiinoe a aeeeoaeueiie eee iaii?aaeaeaiiie
ia?niaeoeaa. Ii?ooaeue eiio?ieueiiai o/anoey aeeth/aao a naay oeaiiua
aoiaae, i?eia?aoaiiua a eiee/anoaa, eioi?ia iaania/eaaao iieo/aiea
eiio?iey iaae oi?aaeaieai i?aaiecaoeeae – yieoaioii eee nouanoaaiiia
aeeyiea ia iaa. Oaeeie oeaiiuie aoiaaaie i?eciathony aeoeee, aeathuea
i?aai ia o/anoea a oi?aaeaiee aeaeaie aeoeeiia?iiai iauanoaa, eiaioaiua
a aeaeueiaeoai – aieinothuea aeoeee.
Anee eiiia?/aneee aaie iieoiaao oeaiioth aoiaao e noaaeo aa ia o/ao ia
n/aoa aaeaina, oi ii i?eia?aoaao i?aaa nianoaaiiinoe ia yoo oeaiioth
aoiaao. Nienaiea oeaiiie aoiaae n o/aoa ia n/aoao aaeaina i?ienoiaeeo a
?acoeueoaoa aa auauoey a nayce n oo?aoie i?aa ia oeaiiua aoiaae (a oii
/enea i?e ?aaeecaoeee), iiaaoaieai oeaiie aoiaae eeai iaaiciiaeiinoueth
acuneaiey i?aa, cae?aieaiiuo oeaiiie aoiaaie. Anee oeaiiay aoiaaa
ia?anoaao oaeiaeaoai?youe o?aaiaaieyi oiai ii?ooaey, a eioi?ii iia
/eneeony, oi iia aeieaeia auoue ia?aiauaia a ae?oaie ii?ooaeue eee ia
n/ao o/aoa aeiaeaiee a i?in?i/aiiua aeieaiaua iaycaoaeuenoaa.
Oaeoe/aneea cao?aou ia iieoieo oeaaiuo aoiaa, aeeth/ay cao?aou,
naycaiiua n eo i?eia?aoaieai e auauoeai (?aaeecaoeeae), a ii i?ioeaioiui
(eoiiiiui) aeieaiaui iaycaoaeuenoaai – oaeaea i?ioeaioiue (eoiiiiue)
aeioiae, oiea/aiiue i?e eo i?eia?aoaiee, ninoaaeytho aeiaeaiey aaiea a
oeaiiua aoiaae.
Anee a aaeaina e?aaeeoiie i?aaiecaoeee oeaiiua aoiaae o/eouaathony ii
?uii/iie oeaia, oi aeiaeaiey a oeaiiua aoiaae ia?eiaee/anee
ia?aioeaieaathony ii ?uii/iie oeaia. I?e i?eiaiaiee yoiai iaoiaea
?aca?au iiae iaanoeaiaiea oeaiiuo aoiaa e ia aiciiaeiua iioa?e ia
nicaeathony. Ia?aioeaiea oeaiiuo aoiaa i?iecaiaeeony a oeaeyo
ii?aaeaeaiey aaeainiaie noieiinoe oeaiiuo aoiaa, eioi?ua iaoiaeyony a
ii?ooaea aaiea, ii ninoiyieth ia eiiaoe ?aai/aai aeiy iooai oiiiaeaiey
eo eiee/anoaa ia eo ?uii/ioth oeaio.
Ia i?aaieciaaiiii ?uiea oeaiiuo aoiaa i?aaiecaoi? oi?aiaee iiaeao
onoaiiaeoue ?acee/iue ii?yaeie eniieiaiey iaycaoaeuenoa ii iinoaaea
oeaiiuo aoiaa e aeaiaaeiui ?an/aoai ii naeaeeai, caeeth/aiiui a oa/aiea
oi?aiaiai aeiy (nannee) – oae iacuaaaiue i?eioeei eniieiaiey naeaeie.
Ieaea ia?a/eneaiu aa?eaiou ?aaeecaoeee aeaiiiai i?eioeeia:
– i?eioeei a?oooi – iaycaoaeuenoaa ii iinoaaea oeaiiuo aoiaa e
aeaiaaeiui ?an/aoai eniieiythony ii eaaeaeie naeaeea;
– i?eioeei iaooi – eniieiyaony iaooi-iiceoeey ia iieo/aiea/iinoaaeo
oeaiiuo aoiaa e naeueaei ?an/aoia, ii?aaeaeyaiua ii eoiaai i?iaaaeaiiuo
oi?aia.
Iaooi-iiceoeey – yoi ?acieoea iaaeaeo o?aaiaaieyie e iaycaoaeuenoaaie
ia iinoaaeo oeaiiuo aoiaa iaeiiai auionea, ?ann/eoaiiay ii eoiaai
i?iaaaeaiey oi?aia:
– iaooi-iiceoeey ia iinoaaeo – iiauoaiea iaycaoaeuenoa iaae o?aaiaaieyie
ia iinoaaeo oeaiiuo aoiaa iaeiiai auionea, ?ann/eoaiiay ii eoiaai
i?iaaaeaiey oi?aia;
– iaooi-iiceoeey ia iieo/aiea – i?aauoaiea o?aaiaaiee iaae
iaycaoaeuenoaaie ia iieo/aiea oeaiiuo aoiaa iaeiiai auionea; ?ann/eoaia
ii eoiaai i?iaaaeaiiuo oi?aia;
– naeueaei ?an/aoia – ?acieoea iaaeaeo o?aaiaaieyie e iaycaoaeuenoaaie
ii oieaoa/iieo/aieth e?aaeeoiie i?aaiecaoeeae aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa ii
eoiaai i?iaaaeaiiuo oi?aia.
Oaeoe/anee, aeoeaiua iia?aoeee aaiea n oeaiiuie aoiaaaie naiaeyony e eo
eoiea-i?iaeaaea. Iaeiaei i?aeoeea oeiainiaiai ?uiea i?aaeeaaaao
?acee/iua ni/aoaiey iia?aoeee ii iieoiea e ?iaeaaea aoiaa a ?aieao
niaoeeaeueiuo aeiiai?iuo ioiioaiee, eioi?ua aeey iaeiie noi?iiu iiaoo
neoaeeoue enoi/ieeii aeioiaea, a aeey ae?oaie – eino?oiaioii no?aoiaaiey
(oaaeaee?iaaiey) oeiainiauo ?eneia, a aeey Iaoeeiiaeueiiai aaiea
?anioaeeee Eacaonoai – eino?oiaioii ?anoe?aiey eee ia?aie/aiey
i?aaeeiaeaiey aeaiaa ia ?uiea. Iaeiei ec aeaeia oaeeo iia?aoeee
yaeythony iia?aoeee ?AII, iiae eioi?uie iiieiathony naeaeee ii i?iaeaaea
(iieoiea) yieneiiiuo oeaiiuo aoiaa (ia?aay /anoue ?AII) n iaycaoaeueiie
iineaaeothuae ia?aoiie iieoieie (i?iaeaaeae) oeaiiuo aoiaa oiai aea
auionea a oii aea eiee/anoaa (aoi?ay /anoue ?AII) /a?ac ii?aaeaeaiiue
aeiaiai?ii n?ie ii oeaia, onoaiiaeaiiie yoei aeiaiai?ii i?e caeeth/aiee
ia?aie /anoe oaeie naeaeee.
Eiiia?/aneea aaiee i?iaiaeyo iia?aoeee ?AII n ainoaea?noaaiiuie oeaiiuie
aoiaaaie, n aa?aioe?iaaiiuie ainoaea?noaii ia?aieeanniuie eiiia?/aneeie
aaenaeyie, aeoeeyie e iaeeaaoeeyie e?oiiuo i?iiuoeaiiuo eiiiaiee e
aaieia, ia?auathueieny ia ae?aea; aeaiiceoiuie na?oeoeeaoaie.
Eiiia?/aneea aaiee noaee aiaea??aeoa?aie e?oiiaeoeo auioneia
ei?ii?aoeaiuo iaeeaaoeee e aei neo ii? eeaee?otho ii iauaio e eiee/anoao
auioneia, aeey eioi?uo iie noaee i?aaiecaoi?aie. Io/anoe yoi iauyniyaony
oai, /oi oieueei eiiia?/aneea aaiee eiatho ?ano?nu, aeinoaoi/iua aeey
aueoia anaai eee /anoe auionea, /oiau aiineaaenoaee ?aciauaoue aai
n?aaee ?icie/iuo iieoiaoaeae. E?iia oiai, naie aaiee yaeythony aeoeaiuie
yieoaioaie naieo iaeeaaoeee, i?e/ai ia oieueei ia aioo?aiiai ?uiea aaiee
no?aiyony iieo/eoue aeinooi e aieaa aeaoaaui ?ano?nai ia
iaaeaeoia?iaeiii ?uiea eaieoaea.
Iaeiaei ia aioo?aiiai ?uiea auione nianoaaiiuo iaeeaaoeee iiiaeie
aaieaie ?anoeaieaaaony eae ieeioiue i?iaeo. A oneiaeyo i?aiaeaaeaiey
e?aoein?i/iuo ei?ii?aoeaiuo iaeeaaoeee ia ?uiea ii-i?aaeiaio aeooaeeueii
?acaeoea nianoaaiiuo aaenaeueiuo i?ia?aii.
Aiciiaeii, n ioiaiie eeai nieaeaieai noaaee iaeiaa ia iia?aoeee n
oeaiiuie aoiaaaie, eioi?ue auei au i?aaeeueiaa iacuaaoue iaeiaii ia
yienneth oeaiiuo aoiaa, noieiinoue i?eaea/aiey caaiiiai eaieoaea ia
aioo?aiiai ?uiea nieceony, e iu noaiai naeaeaoaeyie oaaee/aiey
eiee/anoaa e iauaiia auionea iaeeaaoeee aaieia i?e iaeiia?aiaiiii
oaaee/aiee n?ieia caeinoaiaaiey.
Ii ia?a aeaeueiaeoaai nieaeaiey aeioiaeiinoe ia ?uiea ainoaea?noaaiiuo
oeaiiuo aoiaa aaiee iaecaaaeii aoaeoo a aieueoae noaiaie
ia?ai?eaioe?iaaoueny ia ?uiie ei?ii?aoeaiuo oeaiiuo aoiaa, nieaeaiea
?enea ia eioi?ii ai iiiaii aoaeao caaenaoue io ?acaeoey ?uiea
i?iecaiaeiuo eio?oiaioia.
Oaeoi?eia – yoi iieoiea aaieii eee niaoeeaeece?iaaiiie oaeoi?eiaiaie
eiiiaieae aeaiaaeiuo o?aaiaaiee iinoaaueea e iieoiaoaeth e eo
eieannaoeey ca ii?aaeaeaiiia aiciaa?aaeaeaiea. Nooue oaeoi?eiaa ninoieo
a oii, /oi oaeoi?eiaiaay eiiiaiey (eee oaeoi?-oe?ia) iieoiaao o naieo
eeeaioia eo ieaoaaeiua o?aaiaaiey e iieoiaoaeyi ia oneiaeyo iaiaaeeaiiie
iieaou 80 – 90 % noieiinoe iooaeoo?iaaiiuo iinoaaie e oieaou inoaeueiie
/anoe ca au/aoii eiienneiiiuo e i?ioeaioia ca e?aaeeo a no?iai
ii?aaeaeaiiua n?iee iacaaeneii io iinooieaiey au?o/ee io iieoiaoaeae.
I?e yoii, iinooiathuee caoai ieaoaae io iieoiaoaey ca/eneyaony ia n/ao
oaeoi?-eiiiaiee.
Iia?aoeey n/eoaaony oaeoi?eiaii a oii neo/aa, anee oaeiaeaoai?yao oioy
au aeaoi o?aaiaaieyi ec /aou?ao:
– iaee/ea e?aaeeoiaaiey a oi?ia i?aaeaa?eoaeueiie iieaou aeieaiauo
o?aaiaaiee;
– aaaeaiea aooaaeoa?neiai o/aoa iinoaaueea, i?aaeaea anaai o/aoa
?aaeecaoeee;
– eieanne?iaaiea aai caaeieaeaiiinoe;
– no?aoiaaiea iinoaaueea io e?aaeeoiiai ?enea.
Aeaaiaea?y oaeoi?eiao iinoaauee iieo/aao neaaeothuea i?aeiouanoaa:
caaeaaia?aiaiii ?aaeecothony aeieaiaua o?aaiaaiey; inaiaiaeaeaaony io
?enea iaieaoaaea; oi?iuaaony no?oeoo?a aaeaina; yeiiiieo ia
aooaaeoa?neeo, aaeieieno?aoeaiuo e ae?oaeo ?anoiaeao.
Ana yoi niinianoaoao onei?aieth iai?ioa eaieoaea, nieaeaieth ecaea?aeae
ia?auaiey, ?anoe?aieth i?iecaiaenoaa e oaaee/aieth i?eaueae.
Oaeoi?eiaiaia ianeoaeeaaiea iaeaieaa yooaeoeaii aeey aiiaue auoiaeyueo
ia ?uiie, a oaeaea iaeuo e n?aaeieo i?aaei?eyoee, ia anaaaea
?aniieaaathueo iaiaoiaeeiie eioi?iaoeeae i ieaoaaeaniiniaiinoe naieo
iieoiaoaeae e e oiio aea eiathueo ia?aie/aiiue aeinooi e e?aaeeoai.
Neaaeoao ioiaoeoue, /oi ia anyeia iaeia eee n?aaeiaa i?aaei?eyoea iiaeao
ainiieueciaaoueny oneoaaie oaeoi?eiaiaie eiiiaiee, i/aiue inoi?iaeii
iano?iaiu ii ioiioaieth e eeeaioai iiauoaiiiai ?enea:
– i?aaei?eyoeyi n aieueoei eiee/anoaii aeaaeoi?ia, a oaeaea
caieiathueiny i?iecaiaenoaii ianoaiaea?oiie e oceiniaoeeaeece?iaaiiie
i?iaeoeoeee;
– no?ieoaeueiui e ae?oaei oe?iai, ?aaioathuei n noaiiae?yae/eeaie;
– i?aaei?eyoeyi n iineai?iaeaaeiui ianeoaeeaaieai ?aaeecoaiie
i?iaeoeoeee e i?aeoeeothuei eiiiainaoeeiiiua (aa?oa?iua) naeaeee.
Oaeoi?eiaiaua iia?aoeee ia i?iecaiaeyony oaeaea ii aeiaiai?iui
iaycaoaeuenoaai oece/aneeo eeoe, oeeeaeia eee ioaeaeaiee i?aaei?eyoee.
Aaie caeioa?aniaai a i?iaaaeaiee oaeoi?eiaiauo iia?aoeee, oae eae ii
iieo/aao aiciaa?aaeaeaiea a aeaea eiienneiiiuo ieaoaaeae ca oi?aaeaiea
n/aoaie eeeaioa, aeeth/ay e?aaeeoiue ?ene e oaeoi?eiaiaue nai?.
Eiienneiiiue nai? iau/ii ninoaaeyao 0,5 – 3 % io iauae noiiu eoieaiiuo
n/aoia. Aai ?acia? caaeneo io oi?aiaiai iai?ioa eeeaioa, noaiaie ?enea e
iauaia iaiaoiaeeiie eiioi?neie ?aaiou. Noaiaiue ?enea caaeneo io
ieaoaaeaniiniaiinoe aeieaeieeia eeeaioa, a iauai eiioi?neie ?aaiou – io
eiee/anoaa n/aoia-oaeoo?. E?iia oiai, eeeaio oiea/eaaao aaieo nnoaeiue
i?ioeaio n aaeaaeiaaiiai inoaoea i?aaeaa?eoaeueiiai ieaoaaea ii n/aoai.
Oaeoi?eiaiaua iia?aoeee iiae?acaeaeythony ia:
– aioo?aiiea, anee iinoaauee, iieoiaoaeue e oaeoi?-oe?ia iaoiaeyony a
iaeiie no?aia, e iaaeaeoia?iaeiua, anee eaeay-oi ec o?ao noi?ii
iaoiaeeony a ae?oaii ainoaea?noaa;
– ioe?uoua, ane aeieaeiee oaaaeiieai ia o/anoee a naeaeea oaeoi?eiaiaie
eiiiaiee, e cae?uoua (eiioeaeaioeeaeueiua);
– n i?aaii ?aa?anna, o.a. ia?aoiiai o?aaiaaiey e iinoaaueeo aa?iooue
oiea/aiioth noiio, eee aac i?aaa ?aa?anna;
– n oneiaeai i e?aaeeoiaaiee iinoaaueea a oi?ia i?aaeaa?eoaeueiie iieaou
eee iieaou o?aaiaaiee e ii?aaeaeaiiie aeaoa.
Caeeth/ay oaeoi?eiaiaia niaeaoaiea, oaeoi?-oe?ia aa?ao ia naay
aiciiaeiue ?ene iaieaoaaeae ni noi?iiu iieoiaoaey. Iiyoiio aei
caeeth/aiey oaeiai niaeaoaiey iia aeieaeia i?iaanoe i?aaeaa?eoaeueioth
?aaioo ii eco/aieth ieaoaaeaniiniaiinoe eeeaioia ianeoaeeaaaiiai ath
iinoaaueea. Aeey yoiai iinoaauee niiauaao eiiiaiee-oaeoi?o
(oaeoi?eiaiaiio ioaeaeo aaiea) nienie naieo iieoiaoaeae e
i?aaeiieaaaaiue iauai iinoaaie oiaa?ia. Oaeoi?-oe?ia i?iaa?yao
ieaoaaeaniiniaiinoue eaaeaeiai ec iieoiaoaeae e niiauaao iinoaaueeo
aiciiaeiua e?aaeeoiua eeieou ii eaaeaeiio iieoiaoaeth. A ?aieao yoeo
e?aaeeoiuo eeieoia iinoaauee iiaeao ioa?oaeaoue i?aeoeoeeth aac anyeiai
?enea. I?e ioe?uoii oaeoi?eiaa ii, ioa?oaeay i?iaeoeoeeth e aunoaaeyy
ieaoaaeiua o?aiaaiey, aeieaeai ecaanoeoue iieoiaoaey i oii, /oi /oi
i?eaaaaao e iin?aaeie/anoao oaeoi?eiaiaie oe?iu e ana ieaoaaee aeieaeiu
ca/eneyoueny ia aa n/ao.
A ie?iaie i?aeoeea nouanoaoao ianeieueei oeiia oaeoi?eiaiauo niaeaoaiee
a caaeneiinoe io o?aaiaaiee iinoaaueea e oaeoi?-eiiiaiee. ?anniio?ei eo
ieaea.
Niaeaoaiea i iieiii ianeoaeeaaiee (ioe?uoii oaeoi?eiaa aac i?aaa
?aa?anna). Iau/ii caeeth/aaony i?e ?aaoey?iuo e i?iaa?aiiuo i?aeoeeie
eiioaeoao iaaeaeo iinoaaueeii e oaeoi?eiaiaie eiiiaieae. Iieiia
ianeoaeeaaiea aeeth/aao: iieioth caueoo io iiyaeaiey niiieoaeueiuo
aeieaia e aa?aioe?iaaiioth iieaoo ieaoaaeiuo aeieoiaioia; oi?aaeaiea
e?aaeeoii;e o/ao ?aaeecaoeee; e?aaeeoiaaiea a oi?ia i?aaeaa?eoaeueiie
iieaou eee e ii?aaeaeaiiie aeaoa. Eae i?aaeei, iieiia ianeoaeeaaiea
inouanoaeyaony i?e oneiaee, /oi iinoaauee ia?aonooiaao oaeoi?eiaiaie
eiiiaiee aeieae anao naieo eeeaioia, aac ioai?a iaaeaaeiuo – naaa,
iaiaaeaaeiuo – oaeoi?eiaiaie eiiiaiee.
I?e niaeaoaiee i iieiii ianeoaeeaaiee n i?aaii ?aa?anna oaeoi?eiaiaay
eiiiaiey ia no?aooao e?aaeeoiue ?ene. Aai i?iaeieaeaao ianoe iinoaauee.
Eiiiaiey eiaao i?aai aa?iooue iinoaaueeo aeieaiaua o?aaiaaiey, ia
iiea/aiiua eeeaioaie a oa/aiea ii?aaeaeaiiiai n?iea. E?iia e?aaeeoiuo e
o/aoii-eiio?ieueiuo iia?aoeee, oaeoi?-eiiiaiee ieacuaatho th?eaee/aneea,
eioi?iaoeeiiiua, neeaaeneea e eiinoeueoaoeeiiiua oneae. Iie ?aniieaaatho
aiaaoie eioi?iaoeeae i ie?iauo ?uieao.
E?aaeeoiue ?ene iinoaaueea iniaaiii aic?anoaao i?eiinoaaeao oiaa?ia ia
yenii?o. Yoi naycaii n ai?acaei aieueoeie o?oaeiinoyie ioeaiee
ieaoaaeaniiniaiinoe eiino?aiiuo eeeaioia, aieaa aeeeoaeueiuie n?ieaie
aeieiaioi- e oiaa?iiai?ioa, a cia/eo, e i?aaeinoaaeaiey eiiia?/aneiai
e?aaeeoa; iieeoe/aneie e yeiiiie/aneie ianoaaeeueiinoe no?aiu-eiii?oa?a.
Ei anaio yoiio aeiaaaeyaony aaethoiue ?ene, naycaiiue n eciaiaieai eo?na
iaoeeiiaeueiie aaethou ii ioiioaieth e eiino?aiiui.
?aaioay n yenii?oa?ii, oaeoi?eiaiaay eiiiaiey, eae i?aaeei, caeeth/aao
aeiaiai? n oaeie aea eiiiaieae no?aiu eiii?oa?a e ia?aaeaao ae /anoue
naiae ?aaiou e a naith i/a?aaeue auiieiyao /anoue ?aaio ii ii?o/aieth
yoie eiino?aiiie oe?iu.
Oaeie ano?a/iue oaeoi?eia iieo/ee iacaaiea acaeiiiai, eee
aeaoooaeoi?iiai. I?aeiouanoaa acaeiiiai oaeoi?eiaa caeeth/athony a oii,
/oi aeey eaaeaeie ec eiiiaiee, ianeoaeeaathueo eii?oa?ia, aeieaiaua
o?aaiaaiey yaeythony aioo?aiieie, a ia aiaoieie, a yoi oi?iuaao anth
?aaioo ii ii?aaeaeaieth e?aaeeoiniiniaiinoe eiii?oa?a, no?aoiaaieth
?enea, eieanne?iaaieth aeieaiauo o?aaiaaiee e o.i.
Ianio?y ia oi, /oi aeiey iaaeaeoia?iaeiiai oaeoi?eiaa iiea iaaaeeea,
iinoaiaiii ii iaae?aao ana aieueoea iai?iou a nayce n oaeoaeaieai
eioa?iaoeeiiaeecaoeee oicyenoaaiiie aeecie.
Caeeth/ay aeiaiai? i oaeoi?eiaiaii ianeaeeaaiee oaeoi?-oe?ia eee aai
aa?oo ia naay na?ueaciua iaycaoaeuenoaa e cia/eoaeueiue ?ene, naycaiiue
n iieaoie ieaoaaeiuo o?aaiaaiee iieoiaoaeyie.
Aeey caeeth/aiey aeiaiai?a i oaeoi?eiaiaii ianeoaeeaaiee iinoaauee
aeieaeai i?aaenoaaeoue aaieo iiae?iaioth eioi?iaoeeth i ieaoaaeiuo
o?aaiaaieyo. A oaeoi?eiaiaii aeiaiai?a iaiaa?eaathony i?aaa e
iaycaiiinoe eaaeaeie ec noi?ii, oneiaey niaa?oaiey oaeoi?eiaiauo
iia?aoeee, aeeth/ay ?aeaeceou ieaoaaeiuo o?aaiaaiee, iaee/ea eee
ionoonoaea i?aaa ?aa?anna e iinoaaueeo, ii?yaeie iieaou ieaoaaeiuo
o?aaiaaiee aaieii, ?acia? e ii?yaeie ii?aaeaeaiey eiienneiiiiai
aiciaa?aaeaeaiey, ioaaonoaaiiinoue noi?ii ca iaauiieiaiea oneiaee
aeiaiai?a, oneiaey ?anoi?aeaiey aeiaiai?a.
Aeiaiai? i oaeoi?eiaiaii ianeoaeeaaiee caeeth/aaony iaaeaeo iinoaaueeii
e oaeoi?eiaiaie eiiiaieae iau/ii ia n?ie io iaeiiai aiaea aei /aou?ao
eao. Aai aeaenoaea iiaeao auoue i?ae?auaii ii aeaeaieth ethaie ec noi?ii
n oaaaeiieaieai eiio?aaaioa ca ii?aaeaeaiiue a niaeaoaiee i?iiaaeooie
a?aiaie; ii acaeiiiio niaeaneth noi?ii; aaeaeo oaeoe/aneie eee
iaeeaeaaiie iaieaoaaeaniiniaiinoe iinoaaueea.
A ie?iaie i?aeoeea oa?iei «eeceia» eniieuecoaony aeey iaicia/aiey
?acee/iiai ?iaea naeaeie, iniiaaiiuo ia a?aiaea oiaa?ia aeeeoaeueiiai
iieueciaaiey. A caaeneiinoe io n?iea, ia eioi?ue caeeth/aaony aeiaiai?
a?aiaeu, ?acee/atho o?e aeaea a?aiaeu: e?aoein?i/iay (?aeoeia) – ia n?ie
io iaeiiai aeiy aei iaeiiai aiaea; n?aaeian?i/iay (oae?eia) – ia n?ie io
iaeiiai aiaea aei o?ao eao; aeieain?i/iay (eeceia) – ia n?ie io o?ao aei
aeaaaeoeaoe eao e aieaa.
Iiae eeceiaii iau/ii iiieiatho aeiaiai? a?aiaeu eee aeieain?i/ioth
a?aiaeo iaoei e iai?oaeiaaiey, eoieaiiuo a?aiaeiaeioaeai aeey
a?aiaeaoi?a n oeaeueth eo i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai eniieueciaaiey i?e
nio?aiaiee i?aaa nianoaaiiinoe ia ieo ca a?aiaeiaeaoaeai ia aanue n?ie
aeiaiai?a. E?iia oiai, eeceia iiaeii ?anniao?eaaoue eae niaoeeoe/aneoth
oi?io oeiaine?iaaiey aeiaeaiee a iniiaiua oiiaeu i?e iin?aaeie/anoaa
niaoeeaeece?iaaiiie (eeceiaiaie) eiiiaiee, eioi?ay i?eia?aoaao aeey
o?aoueaai eeoea eiouanoai e ioaeaao aio yoi eiouanoai a a?aiaeo ia
aeieain?i/iue ia?eiae. Oaeei ia?acii, eeceiaiaay eiiiaiey oaeoe/anee
e?aaeeooao a?aiaeaoi?a. Iiyoiio eeceia eiiaaea iacuaatho
«e?aaeeo-a?aiaea».
A ioee/ea io aeiaiai?a eoiee-i?iaeaaee, ii eioi?iio i?aai nianoaaiiinoe
ia oiaa? ia?aoiaeeo io i?iaeaaoea e iieoiaoaeth, i?e eeceiaa i?aai
nianoaaiiinoe ia i?aaeiao a?aiaeu nio?aiyaony ca a?aiaeiaeaoaeai, a
eeceiaiiieo/aoaeue i?eia?aoaao eeoue i?aai ia aai a?aiaiiia
eniieueciaaiea. Ii enoa/aiee n?iea eeceiaiaiai aeiaiai?a
eeceiaiiieo/aoaeue iiaeao i?eia?anoe iauaeo naeaeee ii niaeaniaaiiie
oeaia, i?iaeeeoue eeceiaiaue aeiaiai? eee aa?iooue iai?oaeiaaiea
aeaaeaeueoeo ii enoa/aiee n?iea aeiaiai?a.
N yeiiiie/aneie oi/ee c?aiey eeceia eiaao noiaenoai n e?aaeeoii,
i?aaeinoaaeaiiui ia iieoieo iai?oaeiaaiey. I?e e?aaeeoa a iniiaiua
oiiaeu caaiuee aiineo a onoaiiaeaiiua n?iee ieaoaaee a iiaaoaiea aeieaa,
i?e yoii aaie aeey iaania/aiey aica?aoa e?aaeeoa nio?aiyao ca niaie
i?aai nianoaaiiinoe ia e?aaeeooaiue iauaeo aei iieiiai iiaaoaiey nnoaeu.
I?e eeceiaa a?aiaeaoi? noaiiaeony aeaaeaeueoeai acyoiai a a?aiaeo
eiouanoaa oieueei ii enoa/aiee n?iea aeiaiai?a e auieaou ei iieiie
noieiinoe a?aiaeiaaiiiai eiouanoaa. Iaeiaei oaeia noiaenoai oa?aeoa?ii
oieueei aeey oeiainiaiai eeceiaa – iia?aoeaiiai – iaaethaeaaony aieueoaa
noiaenoai n eeanne/aneie a?aiaeie iai?oaeiaaiey.
Ii naiae th?eaee/aneie oi?ia eeceiaiaay naeaeea yaeyaony naiaia?aciui
aeaeii aeieain?i/iie a?aiaeu eiaanoeoeeiiiuo oeaiiinoae. *aoeia
ii?aaeaeaiea yoie iia?aoeee eiaao aaaeiia i?aeoe/aneia cia/aiea, oae eae
i?e ianiaethaeaiee onoaiiaeaiiuo caeiiii i?aaee aa io?ieaiey iia ia
iiaeao auoue i?eciaia eeceiaiaie naeaeeie, /oi /?aaaoi aee o/anoieeia
iia?aoeee ?yaeii iaaeaaii?eyoiuo oeiainiauo iineaaenoaee.
Iniiao eeceiaiaie naeaeee ninoaaeytho aa iauaeo e noauaeou (noi?iiu
eeceiaiaiai aeiaiai?a); n?ie eeceiaiaiai aeiaiai?a (ia?eiae eeceiaa);
eeceiaiaua ieaoaaee; oneoae, i?aaeinoaaeyaiua ii eeceiao.
Iauaeoii eeceiaiaie naeaeee iiaeao auoue ethaie aeae iaoa?eaeueiuo
oeaiiinoae, anee ii ia oie/oiaeaaony a i?iecaiaenoaaiiii oeeeea. Ii
i?e?iaea a?aiaeoaiiai iauaeoa ?acee/atho eeceia aeaeaeeiiai e
iaaeaeaeeiiai eiouanoaa.
Noauaeoaie oaeie naeaeee yaeythony noi?iiu, eiathuea iaiin?aaenoaaiiia
ioiioaiea e iauaeoo naeaeee. I?e yoii eo iiaeii iiae?acaeaeeoue ia
i?yiuo o/anoieeia e einaaiiuo.
E i?yiui noauaeoai ioiinyony:
– eeceiaiaua oe?iu eee eiiiaiee (eeceiaiaeaoaee eee a?aiaeiaeaoaee);
– i?iecaiaenoaaiiua (i?iiuoeaiiua e naeueneioicyenoaaiiua), oi?aiaua e
o?ainii?oiua i?aaei?eyoey e ianaeaiea (eeceiaiiieo/aoaee eee
a?aiaeaoi?u);
– iinoaaueee iauaeoia naeaeee – i?iecaiaenoaaiiua (i?iiuoeaiiua) e
oi?aiaua eiiiaiee.
Einaaiiuie o/anoieeaie yaeythony:
– eiiia?/aneea e eiaanoeoeeiiiua aaiee, e?aaeeoothuea eeceiaiaeaoaey e
aunooiathuea aa?aioaie naeaeie;
– no?aoiaua eiiiaiee;
– a?iea?neea e ae?oaea iin?aaeie/aneea oe?iu.
I?e i?iaeoe?iaaiee eeceiaiauo iia?aoeee iaeaieaa neiaeii ii?aaeaeeoue
noiiu eeceiaiauo (a?aiaeiuo) ieaoaaeae, i?e/eoathueony eeceiaiaeaoaeth.
I?e e?aoei – e n?aaeian?i/iie a?aiaeao noiia auieao a cia/eoaeueiie ia?a
ii?aaeaeyaony eiiuthieoo?ie ?uiea a?aiaeoaiuo oiaa?ia. I?e aeieain?i/iie
a?aiaea (eeceiaa) a iniiao ?an/aoa eeceiaiauo ieaoaaeae caeeaaeuaathony
iaoiaee/anee iainiiaaiiua ?an/aou, /oi naycaii ni cia/eoaeueiie
noieiinoueth iauaeoa naeaeee e i?iaeiaeeoaeiui n?ieii eeceiaiaiai
eiio?aeoa. Nia?aiaiiue ?uiie eeceiaiauo oneoa oa?aeoa?ecoaony
iiiaiia?aceai oi?i eeceiaa, iiaeaeae aai eiio?aeoia e th?eaee/aneeo
ii?i, ?aaoee?othueo oaeea iia?aoeee. A caaeneiinoe io ?acee/iuo
i?eciaeia eo iia?aoeee iiaeii na?oiie?iaaoue neaaeothuei ia?acii:
– ii ninoaao o/anoieeia: i?e eioi?ii nianoaaiiee eiouanoaa
naiinoiyoaeueii naeaao iauaeo a eeceia (aeaonoi?iiiyy naeaeea);
einaaiiue, eiaaea ia?aaea/a eiouanoaa i?ienoiaeeo /a?ac iin?aaeieea
(o?aonoi?iiiyy eee iiiai noi?iiiyy naeaeea). *anoiui neo/aai ia?aiai
n/eoatho aica?aoiue eeceia, nouiinoue eioi?iai caeeth/aaony a oii, /oi
eeceiaiaay oe?ia i?eia?aoaao o aeaaeaeueoea iai?oaeiaaiea e naeaao aai
aio aea a a?aiaeo;
– ii oeio eiouanoaa:eeceia aeaeaeeiiai, iaaeaeaeeiiai, a oaeaea
eiouanoaa, auaoaai a yenieoaoaoeee;
– ii noaiaie ieoiaaiinoe: eeceia n iieiie ieoiaaiinoueth, i?e eioi?ii a
oa/aiea n?iea aeiaiai?a i?ienoiaeeo iieiay auieaoa noieiinoe eiouanoaa,
e iaiieiie, eiaaea a oa/aiea n?iea aeaenoaey iaeiiai aeiaiai?a ieoiaaony
oieueei /anoue noieiinoe a?aiaeoaiiai eiouanoaa;
– ii oneiaeyi aii?oecaoeee: eeceia n iieiie aii?oecaoeeae e
niioaaonoaaiii n iieiie auieaoie noieiinoe iauaeoa eeceiaa n iaiieiie,
o.a. n /anoe/iie auieaoie noieiinoe;
– ii noaiaie ieoiaaiinoe e oneiaeyi aii?oecaoeee auaeaeytho: oeiainiaue
eeceia, o.a. a ia?eiae aeaenoaey aeiaiai?a i eeceiaa a?aiaeaoi?
auiea/eaaao a?aiaeiaeaoaeth anth noieiinoue a?aiaeoaiiai eiouanoaa
(iieioth aii?oecaoeeth). Ii o?aaoao aieueoeo eaieoaeueiuo aeiaeaiee e
inouanoaeyaony a nio?oaeie/anoaa n aaieaie; iia?aoeaiue, o.a. ia?aaea/a
eiouanoaa inouanoaeyaony ia n?ie, iaiueoee, /ai ia?eiae aai
aii?oecaoeee. Aeiaiai? caeeth/aaony ia n?ie io 2 aei 5 eao. Iauaeoii
oaeiai eeceiaa iau/ii yaeyaony iai?oaeiaaiea n aunieeie oaiiaie
ii?aeueiiai noa?aiey;
– ii iauaio ianeoaeeaaiey: /enoue eeceia, anee ana ianeoaeeaaiea
ia?aaeaaaaiiai iauaeoa a?aiaeu aa?ao ia naay eeceiaiiieo/aoaeue; n
iieiui iaai?ii oneoa – iieiia ianeoaeeaaiea iauaeoa naeaeee aiceaaaaony
ia eeceiaiaeaoaey; n /anoe/iui iaai?ii oneoa – ia eeceiaiaeaoaey
aiceaaathony eeoue ioaeaeueiua ooieoeee ii ianeoaeeaaieth i?aaeiaoa
eeceiaa;
– a caaeneiinoe io naeoi?a ?uiea, aaea i?ienoiaeyo iia?aoeee: aioo?aiiee
– ana o/anoieee naeaeee i?aaenoaaeytho iaeio no?aio; iaaeaeoia?iaeiue
eeceia – oioy au iaeia ec noi?ii eee ana noi?iiu i?eiaaeeaaeao ?aciui
noaiai, a oaeaea anee iaeia ec noi?ii yaeyaony niaianoiui i?aaei?eyoeai.
Iineaaeiee iiae?acaeaeytho ia yenii?oiue e eiii?oiue. I?e yenii?oiii
eeceiaa ca?oaaaeiie no?aiie yaeyaony eeceiaiiieo/aoaeue, a i?e eiii?oiii
– eeceiaiaeaoaeue.
– Ii ioiioaieth e iaeiaiaui e aii?oecaoeeiiiui eueaioai: oeeoeaiue –
naeaeea iineo niaeoeyoeaiue oa?aeoa? e caeeth/aaony n oeaeueth
ecaea/aiey iaeaieueoae i?eauee ca n/ao iieo/aiey iaiainiiaaiiuo e
iaeiaiauo naeaeie; aeaenoaeoaeueiue eeceia – a?aiaeiaeaoaeue eiaao i?aai
ia oaeea iaeiaiaua eueaiou, eae eiaanoeoeeiiiay neeaeea e onei?aiiay
aii?oecaoeey, a a?aiaeaoi? iiaeao au/eoaoue a?aiaeiua ieaoaaee ec
aeioiaeia, cayaeyaiuo aeey oieaou iaeiaia;
– Ii oa?aeoa?o eeceiaiauo ieaoaaeae: n aeaiaaeiui ieaoaaeii – ana
ieaoaaee i?iecaiaeyony a aeaiaaeiie oi?ia; n eiiiainaoeeiiiui – ieaoaaee
inouanoaeythony iinoaaeie oiaa?ia, i?iecaaaeaiiuo ia aeaiiii
iai?oaeiaaiee, eee a oi?ia ieacaiey ano?a/iie oneoae; a oaeaea ni
niaoaiiui ieaoaaeii.
Nouanoaothuea oi?iu eeceiaa iiaeii iauaaeeieoue a aeaa iniiaiuo aeaea:
iia?aoeaiue eeceia – yoi a?aiaeiua ioiioaiey, i?e eioi?uo ?anoiaeu
eeceiaiaeaoaey, naycaiiua n i?eia?aoaieai e niaea?aeaieai naeaaaaiuo a
a?aiaeo i?aaeiaoia, ia iie?uaathony a?aiaeiuie ieaoaaeaie a oa/aiea
iaeiiai eeceiaiaiai eiio?aeoa. Oeiainiaue – yoi niaeaoaiea,
i?aaeoniao?eaathuaa a oa/aiea ia?eiaea naiaai aeaenoaey auieaoo
eeceiaiauo ieaoaaeae, iie?uaathueo iieioth noieiinoue aii?oecaoeee
iai?oaeiaaiey eee aieueooth aa /anoue, aeiiieieoaeueiua ecaea?aeee e
i?eaueue eeceiaiaeaoaey.
Iiiyoea eiiiaaoeey i?eiaieii ei anai iiaiaaaaeaieyi ai anao noa?ao
ooieoeeiie?iaaiey aaiea, iaeaaeathuei ii?aaeaeaiiui iieiaeeoaeueiui
yeiiiie/aneei e no?aoaae/aneei yooaeoii, i?eia?ii eioi?iai iiaeii
n/eoaoue i?e?ino eeeaioneie aacu aaiea, oaaee/aiea aeiee ?uiea,
nie?auaiea ecaea?aeae oia i?iaaaeaiea eaeiai-eeai aeaea iia?aoeee e o.i.
Ii ioiioaieth e oeiainiaie noa?a e aaieianeiio aeciano iiaeii auaeaeeoue
aioo?aiiea e aiaoiea eiiiaaoee. Aioo?aiiea eiiiaaoeee eanathony
nianoaaiii oaoiieiae/aneeo, ?ai?aaiecaoeeiiiuo aniaeoia e ?aaeecothony
noauaeoii ?uiea – a oeaeyo i?aia?aciaaiey oaea neiaeeaoeony
acaeiiioiioaiee, ninoaaeythueo aaeieino?aoeaii-oi?aaeai/aneoth oeaii/eo.
N?aaee ieo ?acee/atho:
– oaoiieiae/aneea, naycaiiua n ?ac?aaioeie eae iiauo oaoiieiaee, oae e
iiauo i?iaeoeoia eee oniaa?oainoaiaaieai oaea nouanoaothueo, io?aaioeie
iiauo ooieoeee naiie eiiiaiee e ?aaeecoaiuo ath i?iaeoeoia;
– aaeieieno?aoeaiua, naycaiiua ni no?oeoo?iie ia?ano?ieeie e
oniaa?oainoaiaaieai nenoaiu ieaie?iaaiey;
– eiioeaiooaeueiua, iaoneiaeeaathuea eciaiaiea no?aoaae/aneie
iai?aaeaiiinoe iia?aoeee aaiea e ia?ai?eaioaoeeth ia eiie naaiaio
aeciana.
Aiaoiea eiiiaaoeee – yoi iaoiaeu ?aaeecaoeee nianoaaiiuo i?iaeoeoia e
ecia?aoaiea iiauo ia?eaoeiaiauo oaoiieiaee, a oaeaea oeaeaaia
eiaanoe?iaaiea a eiiiaaoeeiiioth aeayoaeueiinoue ae?oaeo i?aaei?eyoee.
E iei ioiinyony:
– eiiioieeaoeeiiiua, iniiaaiiua ia ?ac?aaioea iiaie ia?eaoeiaiaie eee
?aeeaiiie no?aoaaee a oeaeyo i?eaea/aiey ii?aaeaeaiiie eeeaioneie aacu;
– eiaanoeoeeiiii-e?aaeeoiua, eioi?ua i?aaenoaaeytho niaie oeaeaaia
eiaanoe?iaaiea a eiiiaaoeeiiiua oaoiieiaee i?iiuoeaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee e
oi?aaiecaoeee iaeiai aeciana.
Aeaiiia eiaanoe?iaaiea yaeyaony i/aiue ?eneiaaiiui aeey aaieia, iiyoiio
i?aaeaea /ai i?iecaanoe eiaanoe?iaaiea ?ene-iaiaaeaea?u/aiaea??aeoa?u
ouaoaeueii eco/atho i?iaeo, ioeaieaatho o?iaaiue i?aaeiieaaaaiiai ?enea
e auiinyo ?aoaiea ii i?aeoo.
Iaaeaaieianeee e?aaeeo (aeaeaa – IAE) – niaoeeoe/aneay iaeanoue
aeayoaeueiinoe i?ioanneiiaeueiuo aaiee?ia, e, eae i?aaeei, iia ia
eanaaony i?aaei?eieiaoaeae e iaiaaeaea?ia i?aaei?eyoee – eeeaioia aaiea.
Iaaeaaieianeee e?aaeeo, a ioee/ea io eeeaioneiai aieaa iaania/ai, iioiio
/oi aaiee aanueia ouaoaeueii neaaeyo ca oeiainiai onoie/eainoueth ae?oa
ae?oaa. O iaaeaaieianeiai e?aaeeoa ii n?aaiaieth n eeeaioneei anoue e
ae?oaay aaaeiay iniaaiiinoue: caeanue iaaethaeaaony ai?acaei iaiueoay
caaeneiinoue io eiaanoeoeeiiiuo oeeeeia, a?aiaiiuo eaaia, a cia/eo,
iiaeii ai?acaei /aua ioaeaaaoue aeaiueae ia ei?ioeee n?ie (oae
iacuaaaiua «ei?ioeea» aeaiueae) aeey eacaonoaineeo oneiaee ia n?ie aei
iaeiiai ianyoea, a a ie?iaie i?aeoeea – aei o?ao ianyoeaa.
IAE yaeyaony iiuiui enoi/ieeii e?aaeeoiuo ?ano?nia, niiniaiuo
iiaeaea?aeeaaoue noaaeeueiinoue e?aaeeoiiai iioaioeeaea aaieia. Oaeaea
IAE iicaieyao iiaeaea?aeeaaoue ia aeieaeiii o?iaia oaeouoth
eeeaeaeiinoue aaiea, iaania/eaaao noaaeeueioth ?aioaaaeueiinoue
aeiaeaiey n?aaenoa, yaeyaony iia?aoeaiui ii niiniao i?aaeinoaaeaiey
n?aaenoa.
E iaaeinoaoeai IAE iiaeii ioianoe aai e?aoein?i/iue oa?aeoa? e oi, /oi
ii i?aaenoaaeyao niaie aei?iainoiyuee ii ioiioaieth e ae?oaei enoi/ieeai
e?aaeeoiue iioaioeeae aaiea.
Aeey ?acaeoey iaaeaaieianeiai e?aaeeoiaaiey iaiaoiaeeia eioi?iaoeeiiiay
aaca, oa?aeoa?ecothuay oeiainiaia ninoiyiea aaieia – eo
ieaoaaeaniiniaiinoue e eeeaeaeiinoue.
Ia iaaeaaieianeii aeaiaaeiii ?uiea ?ani?ino?aiaiu naiua ?aciiia?aciua
oneiaey e?aaeeoiuo naeaeie n i?aeoe/anee ethauie eiiaeiaoeeyie n?ieia
iinoaaee e aica?auaiey aeaiiceoia. Oae, naiui e?aoein?i/iui caeiii
yaeythony oae iauaaaiua «iaeiiaeiaaiua ei?ioeea aeaiueae», eee aeaiiceo
«iaa?iaeo» (iinoaaea e?aaeeoiuo ?ano?nia naaiaeiy n aica?auaieai
caao?a). «Iaeiiaeiaaiua aeaiueae» iieueciaaeenue ia aeaiaaeiii ?uiea
iiauoaiiui ni?inii, iiyoiio i?ioeaioiay noaaea (aiciaa?aaeaeaiea) ii
yoei caeiai ii?ie a ianeieueei ?ac i?aauoaao o?iaaiue noaaie ii
e?aaeeoiui ?ano?nai ia aieaa aeeeoaeueiua n?iee.
I?eaeaeaoaeueiinoue oaeeo e?aaeeoia iauyniyaony oai, /oi iie aeinoaoi/ii
i?iaeieaeeoaeueiue ia?eiae a?aiaie inoaaaeenue a oeaeii ioiineoaeueii
aeaoaauie e?aaeeoiuie ?ano?naie. «Ei?ioeea aeaiueae» ono?aeaaee eae
iieoiaoaeae, oae e i?iaeaaoeia.
IAE caieiaao naiaia?aciia ianoi a nenoaia e?aaeeoiuo ioiioaiee. Aai
iioiee cao?aaeaatho eioa?anu iiiaeo io?aneae oicyenoaa e ?aaeiiia
?anioaeeee Eacaonoai, a oaeaea acaeiiaeaenoaotho n ?uieaie oeaiiuo aoiaa
e eiino?aiiie aaethou.
Ianiio?y ia aeooaeueiinoue i?iaeai iaaeaaieianeiai e?aaeeoa, ?uiie
eioi?iai ioaeaeaaony a aic?iaeaeaiee, inoathony iaaeinoaoi/ii eco/aiiuie
aii?inu nouiinoe, naienoa, caeiiia aeaeaeaiey e oaiaeaioeee ?acaeoey
oi?i yoiai e?aeeoa e e?aaeeoiuo ?uieia, a oaeaea aii?inu acaeiiaeaenoaey
iiaenenoai a aaeeiie nenoaia IAE.
Nouiinoue iaaeaaieianeiai e?aaeeoa ii?aaeaeyaony, e?iia noauaeoia
e?aaeeoa, aai ia?aiyeaiaioaie, oa?aeoa?ii e iai?aaeaieyie eo aeaeaeaiey,
a oaeaea ieaoiinoueth. Ia?aiyeaiaiou IAE – yoi aaieianeea ?ano?nu e
caeiaiaay noieiinoue; oa?aeoa? aeaeaeaiey IAE – yoi ieaoiue iaiai
?ano?naie e caeiaiaie noieiinoueth iaaeaeo aaieii-e?aaeeoi?ii e
aaieii-caaiueeii; iai?aaeaiey IAE – yoi aeaa yoaia aeaeaeaiey: i?e
auaea/a nnoae e i?e eo iiaaoaiee. Ionthaea neaaeoao, /oi nouiinoue IAE
niaea?aeeo aeaa noaaeee ieaoiiai iaiaia: i?e auaea/a nnoae – i?yiie
iaiai ?ano?nia aaiea-e?aaeeoi?a ia iaania/aiea e (eee) iaycaoaeuenoai
aaiea-caaiueea, a i?e iiaaoaiee e?aaeeoa – ia?aoiue iaiai ?ano?nia
aaiea-caaiueea ia iaania/aiea e (eee) iaycaoaeuenoai, aeaiiia
aaieo-e?aaeeoi?o a iiiaio iieo/aiey e?aaeeoa. A iauai aeaea nouiinoue
IAE ninoieo a iaiaia oi?iaie noieiinoe (e?aaeeoiie e caeiaiaie) iaaeaeo
aaieii-e?aaeeoi?ii e aaieii-caaiueeii. Iieo/aiiue IAE ieacuaaao aeeyiea
ia yeiiiieeo. Yoi aeeyiea io?aaeaaony a aai naienoaao.
Oeaee iaaeaaieianeiai e?aaeeoa: iaaeaaieianeee e?aaeeo inouanoaeyaony,
eae i?aaeei, a oeaeyo iiaeaea?aeaiey oaeouae eeeaeaeiinoe aaiea eee
iaania/aiey ?aioaaaeueiiai aeiaeaiey n?aaenoa.
Iaaeaaieianeee e?aaeeo naiaeeony e oi?aiaea naiaiaeiuie oeiainiauie
?ano?naie. Oeiainiauie ?ano?naie oi?aotho onoie/eaua a oeiainiaii
ioiioaiee eiiia?/aneea aaiee, o eioi?uo anaaaea anoue eo eceeoae. E?iia
auaiaeu io ?aciauaiey n?aaenoa, aaiee-e?aaeeoi?u iieo/atho aiciiaeiinoue
onoaiaaeeaaoue aeaeiaua ia?oia?neea ioiioaiey e ii ae?oaei iai?aaeaieyi
aaieianeie aeayoaeueiinoe. N?iee IAE ei?ioee, /oi iicaieyao
aaieo-e?aaeeoi?o iia?aoeaii iai?aaeyoue ia aeiaeaiey a?aiaiii
aunaiaiaeeaoeany ec iai?ioa n?aaenoaa e oaeei i?acii iieiinoueth
eniieueciaaoue eiathueany ?ano?nu.
I?e iaoaaoea naiaiaeiuo eiiia?/aneeo n?aaenoa ia iaaeaaieianeii ?uiea
eiiia?/aneee aaie iiaeao ia?aoeoueny ca e?aoein?i/iui e?aaeeoii a
Iaoeeiiaeueiue aaie, eioi?ue a aaieianeie nenoaia auiieiyao ooieoeeth
«e?aaeeoi?a a iineaaeiae einoaioeee» e iiaeao ieacaoue iiiiuue
eiiia?/aneiio aaieo a i?aiaeieaiee a?aiaiiiai e?ecena eeeaeaeiinoe.
Ia iaaeaaieianeii ?uiea ?ano?nu iau/ii aunooiatho a neaaeothueo iniiaiuo
aeaeao:
– inoaoee n?aaenoa ia ei??aniiiaeaioneeo n/aoao, caa?iie?iaaiiua ia
iaiai?aiiue n?ie iiae niaeaniaaiioth noaaeo aiciaa?aaeaeaiey
(ioi?ieyaony e?aaeeoiui aeiaiai?ii);
– ieaoaaeiue e?aaeeo a oi?ia iaa?ae?aooa ii ei??aniiiaeaioneiio n/aoo
(io?ieyaony aeiaiai?ii ii onoaiiaeaieth ei??aniiiaeaioneeo ioiioaiee eee
niaoeeaeueiui aeiaiai?ii ia iaa?ae?aooa);
– o/ao e ia?acaeia oeaiiuo aoiaa a Iaoeeiiaeueiue Aaie ?anioaeeee
Eacaonoai;
– oeaio?aeeciaaiiua e?aaeeoiua ?ano?nu, i?aaeiacia/aiiua aeey ?acaeoey
i?ei?eoaoiuo iai?aaeaiee a yeiiiieea e ?aciauaaiua /a?ac oiieiiii/aiiua
aaiee;
– oeaio?aeeciaaiiuae?aaeeoiua ?ano?nu, ?ani?aaeaeyaiua ia aoeoeeiiiie
iniiaa.
Naeaeee ?AII (ioi?ieyaiua aeiaiai?aie ii i?eaea/aieth e?aoein?i/iuo IAE
ia n?ie io iaeiiai /ana aei iaeiiai ianyoea) yaeythony aanueia oaeiaiui
eino?oiaioii e?aoein?i/iiai i?eaea/aiey n?aaenoa n aeaiaaeiiai ?uiea.
Iaee/ea iaania/aiey a aeaea oeaiiuo aoiaa nouanoaaiii nieaeaao ?ene. Yoi
i/aiue aeaeee eino?oiaio, oae eae iiaeii iacia/eoue ethaua n?iee,
oaeiaiua aeey iaaeo noi?ii, ia/eiay n iaeieo nooie. Aeaiueae ii naeaeea
?AII iinooiatho n?aco ia ?aca?aiie iiceoeee. Iineieueeo iieoiaoaeue
iieo/aao i?aai ?anii?yaeaiey oeaiiuie aoiaaaie, ii iiaeao ooo aea
caeeth/eoue ia?aoioth naeaeeo ?AII n iaania/aieai oaie aea aoiaaaie eee
i?iaeaoue eo ia n?ie ia oiiaeiaie ae?aea, iieo/ea aoiaae e iiiaioo
enoa/aiey n?iea ia?aiai ?AII.
Iau/ii aaiee ia?auathony e iaaeaaieianeei e?aaeeoai a aeaoo aiciiaeiuo
neooaoeeyo.
1. Iaeaieaa /anoi ei ioaeiu e?aoein?i/iua nnoaeu aeey i?eaaaeaiey a
ii?yaeie naieo ?aca?aia. Yoi iiaeao aicieeiooue, iai?eia?, a oao
neo/ayo, eiaaea aiacaiiia ecuyoea eeeaioaie e?oiiuo noii aeaiiceoia ec
aaiea i?eaaei e nieaeaieth aai iaycaoaeueiuo ?aca?aia ieaea ii?iaoeaia,
onoaiiaeaiiuo o?aaiaaieyie Iaoeeiiaeueiiai Aaiea ?anioaeeee Eacaonoai.
2. Ii?ie nnoaeu, iaiaoiaeeiua eiiia?/aneei aaieai aeey oaeiaeaoai?aiey
naciiiuo iio?aaiinoae a aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoaao, eee, anee iai?eia?, iie
ieacaeenue a neiaeiii oeiainiaii iieiaeaiee e ioaeaeathony a n?aaenoaao
aeey i?eaaaeaiey a ii?yaeie naiaai aaeaina.
Iiieii yoiai, o eaaeaeiai aaiea auaatho ia?eiaeu, eiaaea o iaai
eiathony ecauoi/iua n?aaenoaa, e ia?eiaeu, a eioi?ua ii eniuouaaao
aeaoeoeeo ?ano?nia. Iineieueeo ?aciua n?aaenoaa eiatho ?aciue oa?aeoa?
eniieueciaaiey, oi iaeei e oio aea aaie a iaeie e oa aea iiiaiou a?aiaie
iiaeao eniuouaaoue iio?aaiinoe eae a iieoiea iaeieo n?aaenoa, oae e a
i?iaeaaea ae?oaeo n?aaenoa.
E?iia oiai, eiaanoeoeeiiiua oi?aiaua oeeeeu, o.a. n?iee ia?auaiey
n?aaenoa, o iiiaeo aaieia, ianeoaeeaathueo i?aaenoaaeoaeae ?acee/iuo
naeoi?ia yeiiiieee e i?iiuoeaiiinoe oaeaea iiaoo ia niaiaaeaoue. Ia
niaiaaeaao o aaieia e no?oeoo?a i?eaea/aiiuo e ?aciauaaiuo n?aaenoa.
A ianoiyuaa a?aiy ioa/anoaaiiue ?uiie iaaeaaieianeeo e?aaeeoia
i?aaenoaaeyao niaie iaeei ec eeth/aauo naaiaioia oeiainiaiai ?uiea,
auiieiythueo ?yae aaaeiuo ooieoeee. ?uiie iaaeaaieianeeo e?aaeeoia
yaeyaony iaeiei ec iinoaaueeia n?aaenoa aeey oi?aaeaiey eeeaeaeiinoueth,
a oaeaea aeey aeoeaiuo iia?aoeee aaieia ia ae?oaeo naeoi?ao oeiainiaiaai
?uiea. Iia?aoeee aioo?e ?uiea iaaeaaieianeeo e?aaeeoia aeatho aaieai
aeiiieieoaeueiue enoi/iee aeioiaea ca n/ao aeeooa?aioeeaoeee noaaie ii
e?aaeeoai ?aciie eaoaai?ee n?i/iinoe. Ec anaai yoiai neaaeoao, /oi ec
anao nouanoaothueo oeiainiauo eino?oiaioia iaaeaaieianeea e?aaeeou
iaeaieaa iia?aoeaii ?aaae?otho ia eciaiaiey eiiuthieoo?u oeiainiaiai
?uiea. Ii oae eae aaieianeee naeoi? ?anioaeeee Eacaonoai aeinoaoi/ii
iieiaeie e ec-ca iaaeaa?ey aaieia ae?oa e ae?oao, ia eacaonoaieii ?uiea
iaaeaaieianeea e?aaeeou oe?iei e a iieiii iauaia ia eniieuecothony.
E o/?aaeeoaeueiie aeayoaeueiinoe ioiineony aeieaaia o/anoea n?aaenoaaie
aaiea eee iooai i?eia?aoaiey aeoeee e ae?oaeo oeaiiuo aoiaa a
o/?aaeaeaiee e aeayoaeueiinoe eacaonoaineeo e eiino?aiiuo i?aaiecaoeee,
inouanoaeaiee ia aeieaauo ia/aeao niaianoiie aeayoaeueiinoe ii
?aaeecaoeee oeaeaauo i?ia?aii e iao/ii-oaoie/aneeo i?iaeoia, nicaeaieth,
oe?aaee?iaaieth e i?eiaiaieth ioaeaeueiuo aeaeia i?iaeoeoeee (n
?acaeaeaieai ia aeieaauo ia/aeao noieiinoiiai yooaeoa).
Ainoaea?noai iiaeao iiiu?youe niaianoioth aeayoaeueiinoue aaieia
iin?aaenoaii eniieueciaaiey yeiiiie/aneeo ?aaoeyoi?ia: eueaio a
iaeiaiiaeiaeaiee, nie?auaiey iaycaoaeueiuo ?aca?aia, i?aaeinoaaeaiey
e?aaeeoia ia eueaioiuo oneiaeyo e o.ae. Iiaeiaiia yeiiiie/aneia
i?eioaeaeaiea iiaeao i?eaanoe eiiia?/aneea aaiee e iaiaoiaeeiinoe
aunooiaoue niaianoii, e oaeei ia?acii iiaeao auoue aeinoeaioo
iaeneiaeueiue ?acoeueoao.
E oeacaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe iiaeii ioianoe: i?aaiecaoeeth eee aoiaeaeaiea
a oeiainiai – e?aaeeoiua e iaaaieianeea annioeeaoeee, eiini?oeeoiu,
iauaaeeiaiey e ae?oaea aeaeu e?oiiuo no?oeoo? e i?aaiecaoeeiiiiai
oa?aeoa?a ia oa??eoi?ee ?anioaeeee Eacaonoai e ca a?aieoeae;
o/?aaeaeaiea eee o/anoea a o/?aaeaeaiee oeaeaauo aeaiaaeiuo oiiaeia (i?e
inouanoaeaiee ia iniiaaiee aeiaiai?a ii?o/aiey aeeoioeyoeee n?aaenoa
yoeo oiiaeia e oi?aaeaiey eie).
?anoe?aiea ianooaaia oeacaiiie aeayoaeueiinoe eiiia?/aneeo aaieia
ii?aaeaeyaony eo no?aieaieai aa?aioe?iaaoue naith onoie/eainoue ia aaca
aoiaeaeaiey a e?oiiua i?aaiecaoeeiiiua no?oeoo?u, aeeaa?neoeoee?iaaoue
naie aeoeau ia iniiaa aeieaaiai o/anoey a nicaeaiee i?aaei?eyoee n
o/anoeai eiino?aiiiai eaieoaea, niaa?oaiee naeaeie ii i?iecaiaenoao
iieuecothuaeny ni?inii i?iaeoeoeee, a oii /enea i?iaeoeoeee
iao/ii-oaoie/aneiai oa?aeoa?a.
A ea/anoaa i?eia?a iiaeii i?eaanoe inouanoaeaiea aaieii oeiainiaie
iiaeaea?aeee e yeiiiie/aneeo yenia?eiaioia, i?aaiecaoeeth e
ai?iae?iaaiea n o/anoeai iao/iuo i?aaiecaoeee e ae?oaeo aaieia
oai?aoe/aneeo e i?eeeaaeiuo ?ac?aaioie a iaeanoe niaa?oainoaiaaiey
oicyenoaaiiiai e aeaiaaeii-e?aaeeoiiai iaoaiecia, aeeth/ay iiaua aeaeu
aaieianeeo oaoiieiaee, oneoa e iia?aoeee. Aeey ?aoaiey yoeo caaea/ iiaoo
o/?aaeaeaoueny oeaeaaua aeaiaaeiua oiiaeu. Enoi/ieeaie oeiaine?iaaiey
iiaoo auoue io/eneaiey io i?eauee o/?aaeeoaeae – aaieia e iao/iuo
i?aaiecaoeee, au?o/ea io ?aaeecaoeee iao/ii-oaoie/aneie i?iaeoeoeee,
i?eiaaeeaaeauae oiiaeai, aeia?iaieueiua aciinu e ae?oaea n?aaenoaa.
E?aaeeo – yoi nnoaea a aeaiaaeiie eee oiaa?iie oi?ia, i?aaeinoaaeyaiay
e?aaeeoi?ii caaiueeo ia oneiaeyo aica?aoiinoe e, eae i?aaeei, n oieaoie
i?ioeaioa.
E?aaeeo iiyaeeny ia a noa?a i?iecaiaenoaa i?iaeoeoia aeey eo aioo?aiiaai
iio?aaeaiey, a a noa?a iaiaia, aaea aeaaeaeueoeu oiaa?ia i?ioeainoiyo
ae?oa ae?oao eae nianoaaiieee, th?eaee/anee naiinoiyoaeueiua eeoea,
aioiaua anooieoue a yeiiiie/aneea ioiioaiey ii iiaiaeo e?aaeeoa.
Aeaeaeaiea noieiinoe – yae?i aai aeaeaeaiey. Oi?iu e?aaeeoa iiaeii
?acee/aoue a caaeneiinoe io oeaeaauo iio?aaiinoae caaiueea. A nayce n
yoei auaeaeythony aeaa oi?iu e?aaeeoa: i?iecaiaeeoaeueiay e
iio?aaeoaeueneay.
I?iecaiaeeoaeueiay oi?ia e?aaeeoa naycaia n iniaaiiinoueth
eniieueciaaiey iieo/aiiuo io e?aaeeoi?a n?aaenoa. I?e yoie oi?ia
e?aaeeoa nnoaeu eniieuecothony ia oeaee i?iecaiaenoaa e ia?auaiey, ia
i?iecaiaeeoaeueiua oeaee.
Iiaeii i?aaeiieiaeeoue, /oi iio?aaeoaeueneay oi?ia e?aaeeoa aicieeea a
ia/aea ?acaeoey e?aaeeoiuo ioiioaiee, eiaaea o iaeieo noauaeoia iuouaeny
ecauoie i?aaeiaoia iio?aaeaiey, o ae?oaeo aicieeaea iio?aaiinoue ai
a?aiaiiii eo eniieueciaaiee. A aeaeueiaeoai yoa oi?ia noaea
?ani?ino?aiaiiie, i?eiaiyaony e a nia?aiaiiii oicyenoaa, iicaieyy
noauaeoai onei?eoue oaeiaeaoai?aiea iio?aaiinoae ianaeaiey i?aaeaea
anaai a oiaa?ao aeeeoaeueiiai iieueciaaiey.
Iio?aaeoaeueneay oi?ia e?aaeeoa a ioee/ea io aai i?iecaiaeeoaeueiie
oi?iu eniieuecoaony ianaeaieai ia oeaee iio?aaeaiey, oaeie e?aaeeo ia
iai?aaeyaony ia nicaeaiea iiaie noieiinoe, a aeieaeai oaeiaeaoai?eoue
iio?aaeoaeueneea ioaeaeu caaiueea. Iio?aaeoaeueneee e?aaeeo iiaoo
iieo/aoue ia oieueei ioaeaeueiua a?aaeaeaia aeey oaeiaeaoai?aiey naieo
ee/iuo iio?aaiinoae, ii e i?aaei?eyoey, ia nicaeathuea, a eniieuecothuea
nicaeaiioth noieiinoue.
Nia?aiaiiue e?aaeeo eiaao i?aeiouanoaaiii i?iecaiaeeoaeueiue oa?aeoa?.
Eae ioia/aeinue ?aiaa, ?aoathuee oaeaeueiue aan, n?aaee ?aciiia?aciuo
oi?i e?aaeeoa eiaao aaieianeee e?aaeeo. Yoi icia/aao, /oi caaiuee ia
oieueei aeieaeai aica?aoeoue nnoaeo, ii e oieaoeoue ca aa eniieueciaaiea
nnoaeiue i?ioeaio. A nia?aiaiiii oicyenoaa e?aaeeo nnoaeaaony ia i?inoi
a oi?ia aeaiaa, a a oi?ia aeaiaa eae eaieoaea. Aeaeaeaiea aeaiaa eae
eaieoaea, eae aic?anoathuae noieiinoe iaoneiaeeaaao i?iecaiaeeoaeueiia
eniieueciaaiea nnoaeu, o?aaoao io caaiueea oaeiai ?aciauaiey caaiiuo
n?aaenoa, eioi?ia i?aaeiieaaaao eo ?aoeeiiaeueiia eniieueciaaiea,
nicaeaiea iiaie noieiinoe, i?eauee, /anoe/ii onooiaaiie e?aaeeoi?o a
aeaea ieaou ca a?aiaiiia caeinoaiaaiea nnoaeaiiie noieiinoe.
Yoi ia eneeth/aao neo/ae iie?uoey e?aaeeoii oauoeia io aeayoaeueiinoe
i?aaei?eyoee. A yoii neo/aa oi?ia e?aaeeoa anooiaao a i?ioeai?a/ea n aai
niaea?aeaieai, a eiia/iii n/aoa ia?ooathony caeiiu e?aaeeoa, ia?ooaaony
oiae e?aaeeoiiai i?ioeanna, e?aaeeo ec eino?oiaioa yeiiiie/aneiai ?inoa
i?aa?auaaony a oaeoi? iaino?aiey aeeni?iii?oeee a ?acaeoee yeiiiieee.
*enouo oi?i e?aaeeoa, eciee?iaaiiuo iaeia io ae?oaie, ia nouanoaoao.
Oioy aaieianeee e?aaeeo e i?aaeinoaaeyaony, iai?eia?, a aeaiaaeiie
oi?ia, ia i?aeoeea aai iiaaoaiea i?iecaiaeeony a oi?ia oiaa?ia. *anoi
iiaeiaiay neooaoeey auaaao aucaaia eneeth/eoaeueiuie ianoiyoaeuenoaaie.
A ea/anoaa i?eia?a iiaeii i?eaanoe ?inneth: a ia?eiae yeiiiie/aneiai
e?ecena 90-o aiaeia aeaaaeoeaoiai aaea e neeueiie eioeyoeee aaiee
acuneeaaee e?aaeeo iin?aaenoaii iieo/aiey io caaiueea niioaaonoaothueo
noii oiaa?aie. Ecaanoiu neo/ae, eiaaea i?aaei?eyoey-caaiueee
?aniea/eaaeenue n aaieaie ca iieo/aiiua ?aiaa e?aaeeou naoa?ii, eioi?ue
?aaioieee aaiea i?iaeaaaee ii noiaeiie oeaia eeeaioai e ciaeiiui.
Yoi ioiineony e e ae?oaei oi?iai e?aaeeoa. Aaieianeee e?aaeeo, aoaeo/e
ii naiaio oa?aeoa?o i?iecaiaeeoaeueiui e?aaeeoii, ia i?aeoeea
i?eia?aoaao iio?aaeoaeueneea /a?ou. A naith i/a?aaeue, a?aaeaeaineee
e?aaeeo – yoi aeaeaei ia anaaaea iio?aaeoaeueneee e?aaeeo. A?aaeaeaia
iiaoo a?aoue nnoaeo ia no?ieoaeuenoai eee ?aiiio aeiia, iieoieo
oicyenoaaiiiai eiaaioa?y, eniieuecoaiiai i?e naeueneioicyenoaaiiuo
?aaioao. E?aaeeo a?aaeaeaiai ia eo iio?aaeoaeueneea oeaee a
ii?aaeaeaiiie noaiaie iiaeao auoue iai?aaeai ia iiaeaea?aeaiea eo
aeeciaaeayoaeueiinoe, ainnoaiiaeaiea oece/aneeo nee e caei?iauey,
iiyoiio einaaiii oaeaea i?eia?aoaao naiaia?aciua i?iecaiaenoaaiiua
/a?ou.
Iaeiaei o ?yaea yeiiiienoia aucuaaao niiiaiea ooieoeeiie?iaaiea
iio?aaeoaeueneiai e?aaeeoa. Aua aieaa 150 eao iacaae i?ioanni? A.
Oeaoeianeee aeaeae eaoaai?e/iua auaiaeu a ioiioaiee eniieueciaaiey
e?aaeeoa, iineieueeo, ii aai iiaieth «. . .e?aaeeo iaiineo oua?a
aoaeouaio, yaeyaony iai?iaeoeoeaiui eniieueciaaieai iaeiieaiiuo oiiaeia,
ianoiyueo eaieoaeia, aeieae, eioi?ua ii nicaeaao, iiaeauatho eaieoae,
ia?aeeaaeuaathony a eiia/iii n/aoa ia aoaeoua ?ano?nu…».Aeaenoaeoaeueii,
anoue aa?iyoiinoue ia?aoeeiiaeueiiai eniieueciaaiey nnoaeu,
aiciiaeiinoue i?iaaeaiey iauanoaaiiiai i?iaeoeoa. Iaeiaei yoi eeoue
aa?iyoiinoue, eioi?ay naycaia n noauaeoeaiui auai?ii caaiueea,
i?iyaeaoaai eioa?an e caaiiui ?ano?nai. Oaeay aa?iyoiinoue naienoaaiia
ethaie oi?ia e?aaeeoa; iio?aaeoaeueneee e?aaeeo – yoi oieueei aeae
e?aaeeoa, ii?aaeaeaiiui ia?acii i?aaieciaaiiiai, aai ooieoeeiie?iaaiea –
eeoue iiiaio a iauae nenoaia ooieoeeiie?iaaiey e?aaeeoa.
Aianoa n oai, iio?aaeaiea ia oae aaciaaeaaeii n iiceoeee iieuecu aeey
iauanoaa, eae yoi ca/anooth auaaao. Iio?aaeaiea, yaeyynue eiia/iie
noaaeeae aini?iecaiaenoaa, aunooiaao oneiaeai i?iecaiaenoaa.
I?iecaiaenoai niaa?oaaony ia ?aaee naiiai i?iecaiaenoaa, a ai
acaeiiaeaenoaee n ae?oaeie noaaeeyie: ?ani?aaeaeaieai, iaiaiii e
iio?aaeaieai. Iauanoai iio?aaeyao n oai, /oiau eiaoue aiciiaeiinoue
niiaa i?iecaiaeeoue. Aaaeii ia caauaaoue e i oii, /oi iio?aaeaiea a
ecaanoiii niunea nicaeaao ni?in, oi?ie?oy noeioeu aeey ?anoe?aiey
i?iecaiaenoaa e ia?auaiey oiaa?ia. I?iecaiaeeoaeueiay neea
iio?aaeoaeueneiai e?aaeeoa caeeth/aia a oi?ie?iaaiee o iio?aaeoaey
ni?ina ia oiaa?.
E?aaeeo iaeaaeaao i?iecaiaeeoaeueiie neeie ia oieueei iioiio, /oi n aai
iiiiuueth nicaeathony oneiaey aeey aiaea/aiey eiathueony ?ano?nia a
e?oaiiai?io e aio i?enoua aeaeaaoaeueiay neea, ii e iioiio, /oi a
i?ioeanna e?aaeeoiuo ioiioaiee nicaeaaony iniaue i?iaeoeo – yieoe?othony
aeiiieieoaeueiua ieaoaaeiua n?aaenoaa, niaeaenoaothuea i?ioeanno
oaaee/aiey i?iecaiaenoaa e ia?auaiey, nicaeathony noeioeu aeey eo
?acaeoey.
Niaeo? ieacuaaaiuo oneoa iinoiyiii ?anoe?yaony, iineieueeo iiyaeythony
iiaua, ?aiaa ia i?aaeinoaaeyaoeany oneoae. Aeey nia?aiaiiiai
eiiia?/aneiai aaiea i/aiue aaaeii i?aaieciaaoue eiiieaeniia
ianeoaeeaaiea eeeaioia n o/aoii aiciiaeiinoe auiieiaiey iiauo
iao?aaeeoeeiiiuo oneoa n oeaeueth ca n/ao yoiai iieo/eoue aunieea
?acoeueoaou.
1.3 Iauay oa?aeoa?enoeea e enoi?ey aicieeiiaaiey AI «Oaii?aaie»
Aeoeeiia?iia iauanoai «Oaii?aaie» auei ia?aciaaii 26 ia?oa 1992 aiaea a
aeaea niaoeeaeece?iaaiiiai aaiea, i?aaenoaaeythuaai oneoae
aeaeaciiaei?iaeiie i?iiuoeaiiinoe ?anioaeeee Eacaonoai. 21 ia?oa 1996
aiaea «Oaii?aaie» aue ia?aaeno?e?iaai a aeoeeiia?iia iauanoai. A
aeaeaa?a 2006 aiaea «Oaii?aaie» noae aei/a?iei aaieii Aeoeeiia?iiai
iauanoaa «Aaie Oo?ai Aeai», eiiia?/aneiai aaiea ca?aaeno?e?iaaiiiai ii
ceiiiaeaoaeuenoao ?anioaeeee Eacaonoai e aoiaeyuaai a o?ieeo e?oiiaeoeo
aaieia Eacaonoaia.
«Oaii?aaie» eiaao aaieianeoth eeoeaiceth ? 107 io 24 yiaa?y 2006 aiaea,
auaeaiioth Aaainoaii ?anioaeeee Eacaonoai ii ?aaoee?iaaieth e eiio?ieth
oeiainiauo i?aaiecaoeee e oeiainiauo ?uieia (aeaeaa – «AOI») aeey
inouanoaeaiey aaieianeeo iia?aoeee a eacaonoaineeo oaiaa («oaiaa») e
eiino?aiiie aaethoa, a oaeaea i?i/eo iia?aoeee, ?ac?aoaiiuo aaieianeei
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii. Iniiaiay aeayoaeueiinoue aaiea caeeth/aaony a
eiiia?/aneie aaieianeie aeayoaeueiinoe, a inouanoaeaiee iia?aoeee n
oeaiiuie aoiaaaie, eiino?aiiie aaethoie e i?iecaiaeiuie oeiainiauie
eino?oiaioaie, a i?aaeinoaaeaiee caeiia e aa?aioee.
Ca?aaeno?e?iaaiiue Aieiaiie ioen «Oaii?aaiea» ?aniieaaaaony ii aae?ano:
?anioaeeea Eacaonoai, a. Aeiaou, i?. Aaay, 68/74. Aaie inouanoaeyao
naith aeayoaeueiinoue oaeaea /a?ac 19 oeeeaeia, 71 oeaio? aaieianeiai
ianeoaeeaaiey, ?aniieiaeaiiuo ia oa??eoi?ee ?anioaeeee Eacaonoai (a a
2005 aiaeo, iai?eia?, auei ca?aaeno?e?iaaii 15 oeeeaeia e 46 oeaio?ia
aaieianeiai ianeoaeeaaiey).
«Oaii?aaie» yaeyaony iaoa?eineie eiiiaieae Aaieianeie a?oiiu, a eioi?oth
aoiaeyo neaaeothuea eiiiaiee, eiinieeaee?iaaiiua a oeiainiaie
io/aoiinoe:
A aaaonoa 2005 aiaea Aaie i?eia?ae 100 % aeoeee AI «Ia?aue A?iea?neee
Aeii» ii aaeainiaie noieiinoe ia noiio 45 950 ouny/ oaiaa, a iniiaiii
ninoiyueo ec oi?aiauo oeaiiuo aoiaa. AI «Ia?aue A?iea?neee Aeii» eiaao
eeoeaiceth ia i?iaaaeaiea a?iea?neeo e aeeea?neeo iia?aoeee
(?0401201033) e oi?aaeaiea eiaanoeoeeiiiui ii?ooaeai (?0403200298) io 28
iay 2005 aiaea, auaeaiioth AOI.
Ii ninoiyieth ia 31 aeaeaa?y 2006 aiaea a oi?aaeaiee AI «Ia?aue
A?iea?neee Aeii» iaoiaeeeenue iyoue aeaenoaothueo iaaauo eiaanoeoeeiiiuo
oiiaeia. Iauay noieiinoue /enouo aeoeaia iyoe oiiaeia ii ninoiyieth ia
31 aeaeaa?y 2006 aiaea ninoaaeea 370 608 ouny/ oaiaa.
O/eouaay, /oi a aeaeaa?a 2006 aiaea «Oaii?aaie» noae aei/a?iae
i?aaiecaoeeae AI «Aaie Oo?ai Aeai», e aeaenoaothuaa caeiiiaeaoaeuenoai
?anioaeeee Eacaonoai cai?auaao aaieo eiaoue nianoaaiiua aei/a?iea
i?aaiecaoeee, a aeaeaa?a 2006 aiaea ia aoi?e/iii ?uiea oeaiiuo aoiaa
aaie i?iaeae 200 ouny/ aeoeee, ninoaaeythueo 15,13 % io aeoeeiia?iiai
eaieoaea AI «Oaii?eeceia» ii 5 057 oaiaa ca aeoeeth. I?eaueue io
i?iaeaaee aeoeee AI «Oaii?eeceia» ninoaaeea 815 208 ouny/ oaiaa.
A nayce n iioa?ae eiio?iey iaae AI «Oaii?eeceia», aeaiiay eiiiaiey auea
eiinieeaee?iaaia ii iaoiaeo aeieaaiai o/anoey ia 31 aeaeaa?y 2006 aiaea.
A ioiioaiee eiaanoeoeee a aei/a?iea i?aaiecaoeee AI «Ia?aue A?iea?neee
Aeii», eioi?ua aiineaaenoaee auee i?iaeaiu, e OemirCapital B.V., aaie
iieo/ee ienueiaiiia niaeanea AOI ia ion?i/eo i?iaeaaee aei na?aaeeiu
2007 aiaea.
Aeoeeiia?ai «Oaii?aaie», aeaaeathuei i?eaaeeae?iaaiiuie aeoeeyie, a
oa/aiea io/aoiiai ia?eiaea auee aeeaeaeaiaeu ii eoiaai 2005 aiaea e ca
1-3 eaa?oaeu 2006 aiaea a neaaeothuai ?acia?a, /oi iiaeii i?ineaaeeoue a
oaaeeoea 1.
Oaaeeoea 1 – ?acia?u auieao aeeaeaeaiaeia A ouny/ao oaiaa
Ca eaeie ia?eiae inouanoaeaia auieaoaIa/eneaiiIaeia o enoi/ieea
aeioiaeaAuiea/aiiIi eoiaai 2005 aiaea473 69010 778462 912Ii eoiaai 1 – 3
eaa?oaeia 348 0218 377339 644Eoiai821 71119 155802 556
I?inoua e i?eaeeaae?iaaiiua aeoeee aaiea eioe?othony ia Eacaonoaineie
Oiiaeiaie Ae?aea (EOA) a ninoaaa eenoeiaa A. Aeoeeyie «Oaii?aaie»
aeaaeatho aieaa 26 000 aeoeeiia?ia. 99 % io iauaai /enea aeoeeiia?ia
yaeythony ieii?eoa?iuie aeoeeiia?aie e a naiae ianna a iniiaiii ninoiyo
ec aeaenoaothueo eee auaoeo ?aaioieeia Iaoeeiiaeueiie aeaeaciiaei?iaeiie
Eiiiaiee «Eacaonoai Oaii? AEieu». Aeaiiua aeoeeiia?u a niaieoiiinoe
aeaaeatho ia aieaa 1,34 % io iauaai eiee/anoaa ?aciauaiiuo aeoeee aaiea.
Ii ninoiyieth ia 31 aeaeaa?y 2006 aiaea 1,45 % i?inouo aeoeee
oaea?aeeaaaony iiieiaeueiuie aea?aeaoaeyie, ia ?ane?uaoeo eioi?iaoeeth i
ee/iinoyo iiaeeeiiuo aeaaeaeueoeaa i?inouo aeoeee. A niioaaonoaee n
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii ?anioaeeee Eacaonoai, ?aaoee?othueo ?uiie oeaiiuo
aoiaa, oaeea iiieiaeueiua aea?aeaoaee ia iiaoo eiaoue i?aai aieina ia
nia?aieyo aeoeeiia?ia, iiea ia aoaeao ?ane?uoa eioi?iaoeey i iiaeeeiiii
aeaaeaeueoea aeoeee, iaeiaei eae oieueei ee/iinoue iiaeeeiiiai
aeaaeaeueoea aoaeao onoaiiaeaia, oaeea aeoeee n iiiaioa ?ane?uoey aoaeoo
i?aaeinoaaeyoue i?aai aieina aea?aeaoaeth aeoeee ia nia?aieyo
aeoeeiia?ia.
Ii ninoiyieth ia 31 aeaeaa?y 2006 e 2005 aiaeia, aeoeeiia?u aaiea,
i?aaenoaaeaiiua a oaaeeoea 2 aeaaeaee aieaa 5 % i?inouo aeoeee aaiea,
eiathuea i?aai aieina ia nia?aiee aeoeeiia?ia.
Oaaeeoea 2 – Aeoeeiia?u AI «Oaii?aaie», aeaaeathuea aieaa 5 % i?inouo
aeoeee.
Aeoeeiia?u Aaiea (aeoeeiia?u ia?aiai o?iaiy)31 aeaeaa?y 2006 aiaea, a
%31 aeaeaa?y 2005 aiaea, a %AI «Aaie Oo?ai Aeai»50,8-OII «ssnnu –
Eaieoae»6,2-OII «IAE – LTD»6,2-OII «Eiiiaiey «I?aieoi – Eiaano»5,5-AI
«Ia?aue A?iea?neee Aeii» (iiieiaeueiue aea?aeaoaeue)-11,7Aaie Iueth –
Ei?ea1,446,9Iaineiiiue oiiae AOA «Eo?iao»-8,9I.A. Eiiiiaiei-5,9I?i/ea
aeoeeiia?u, aeaaeathuea iaiaa 5 %29,926,6Eoiai100100
1,45 % i?inouo aeoeee aaiea, ia i?ainoaaeythueo i?aaa aieina,
oaea?aeeaathony Aaieii Iueth – Ei?ea, aunooiathuaai a ea/anoaa
Aeaiiceoa?ey Aaiea ii Aeiaaeueiie I?ia?aiia ?aciauaiey aeaiiceoa?iuo
?anienie, aaciaui aeoeaii eioi?uo yaeythony i?inoua aeoeee Aaiea.
E?iia oiai, eiaaony eioi?iaoeey iai anao ca?aaeno?e?iaaiiuo aea?aeaoaeyo
aeoeee, ninoaaeythueo aieaa 5 % io iauaai eiee/anoaa i?eaeeaae?iaaiiuo
aeoeee aaiea ii ninoiyieth ia 31 aeaeaa?y 2006 e 2005 aiaeia. Yoe
aeaiiua io?aaeaiu a oaaeeoea 3.
Oaaeeoea 3 – Aeoeeiia?u AI «Oaii?aaie», aeaaeathuea aieaa 5 %
i?eaeeaae?iaaiiuo aeoeee
Aeoeeiia?u Aaiea 31 aeaeaa?y 2006 aiaea, a % 31 aeaeaa?y 2005 aiaea, a
%AI «Iaeiieoaeueiue iaineiiiue oiiae AOA Eacaonoai» 50,3 41,4AI
«Iaeiieoaeueiue iaineiiiue Aaetho – O?aiceo Oiiae» 13,6 13,4AI
«Iaeiieoaeueiue iaineiiiue oiiae «Ei?aao» 5,8 6,0AI «Ia?aue A?iea?neee
Aeii» (iiieiaeueiue aea?aeaoaeue) 5,7 -AI «Iaeiieoaeueiue iaineiiiue
oiiae Ia?iaeiue aaie» – 9,9ieii/aiea oaaeeoeu 3AI «Iaeiieoaeueiue
iaineiiiue oiiae Eacaoiun» – 7,4I?i/ea aeoeeiia?u, aeaaeathuea iaiaa 5 %
24, 6 21,9Eoiai 100 100
22 aeaeaa?y 2006 aiaea iaaeaeoia?iaeiia ?aeoeiaiaia aaainoai «Fitch
Raitings» iiaeoaa?aeeei ?aeoeia AI «Oaii?aaie» eae aeieain?i/iue «AA-»,
e?aoein?i/iue «D/E» e ?aeoeia iiaeaea?aeee «3».
A aeaeaa?a 2006 aiaea aaainoai Moody’s Investors Servise iiauneei aei
Aa1 aeieain?i/iue ?aeoeia aaiea ii aeaiiceoai a eiino?aiiie aaethoa.
E?iia oiai, Moody’s iiauneei oaeaea aeieain?i/iue aeieaiaie ?aeoeia ii
Aa?iiaeeaaoeeyi, auiouaiiui TemirCapital B.V. iiae aa?aioeth aaiea aei
Aaa3. Aaainoai oaeaea iiaeoaa?aeeei e?aoein?i/iue ?aeoeia aaiea ia
o?iaia NP, ?aeoeia oeiainiaie onoie/eainoe A +. I?iaiic ii anai
?aeoeiaai «Noaaeeueiue».
Oeeeae Aeoeeiia?iiai Iauanoaa «Oaii?aaie» a ai?iaea Yeeaanooca yaeyaony
iiae?acaeaeaieai Aeoeeiia?iiai Iauanoaa «Oaii?aaie». Ianoiiaoiaeaeaiea
oeeeaea: 141200, ?anioaeeea Eacaonoai, Iaaeiaea?neay iaeanoue, a.
Yeeaanooc, oe. Eaieia, 13.
I?aaeiaoii aeayoaeueiinoe Aaiea yaeyaony i?iaaaeaiea iia?aoeee,
i?aaeoniio?aiiuo aaieianeei caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii ia iniiaaiee auaeaiiie
Aaieo eeoeaicee oiieiiii/aiiiai i?aaia ii ?aaoee?iaaieth oeiainiaiai
?uiea e oeiainiauo i?aaiecaoeee.
I?aaeiaoii aeayoaeueiinoe Oeeeaea yaeyaony inouanoaeaiea io eiaie e ii
ii?o/aieth Aaiea iia?aoeee, i?aaeoniio?aiiuo aaieianeei
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii ia iniiaaiee auaeaiiie eeoeaicee oiieiiii/aiiiai
i?aaia ii ?aaoee?iaaieth oeiainiaiai ?uiea e oeiainiauo i?aaiecaoeee e
aeiaa?aiiinoe Aaiea, i?aaeinoaaeaiiie ia?aiio ?oeiaiaeeoaeth Oeeeaea.
Oeaeueth aeayoaeueiinoe yaeyaony ecaea/aiea /enoiai aeioiaea.
Oeeeae – iiae?acaeaeaiea Aaiea, ia yaeythuaany th?eaee/aneei eeoeii,
?aniieiaeaiiia aia ianoa iaoiaeaeaiey Aaiea, inouanoaeythuaa aaieianeea
iia?aoeee io eiaie Aaiea e aeaenoaothuaa a i?aaeaeao iieiiii/ee,
i?aaeinoaaeaiiuo aio Aaieii.
Oeeeae Aaiea eiaao aaeeiua n Aaieii aaeain, a oaeaea iaeiaiiaaiea,
iieiinoueth niaiaaeathuaa n iaeiaiiaaieai Aaiea, e?oaeoth ia/aoue ni
naiei iaeiaiiaaieai.
Ioe?uoea, cae?uoea Oeeeaea, a oaeaea neeyiea oeeeaeia inouanoaeyaony
Aaieii ia iniiaaiee ?aoaiey Niaaoa aee?aeoi?ia Aaiea.
Oeeeae, eniieuecoy cae?aieaiiua a aai iia?aoeaiii oi?aaeaiee eee
iieueciaaiee eiouanoai, iniiaiua e iai?ioiua n?aaenoaa, a oaeaea ae?oaea
iaoa?eaeueiua e oeiainiaua n?aaenoaa (?ano?nu), eioi?uie aai iaaeaeye
Aaie, iiae ?oeiaiaenoaii Aaiea inouanoaeyao naith aeayoaeueiinoue ia
iniiaa oicyenoaaiiiai ?an/aoa e naiioeiaine?iaaiey.
A naiae aeayoaeueiinoe Oeeeae ?oeiaiaenoaoaony A?aaeaeaineei Eiaeaenii
?anioaeeee Eacaonoai, Caeiiii ?anioaeeee Eacaonoai «I aaieao e
aaieianeie aeayoaeueiinoe a ?anioaeeea Eacaonoai», Caeiiii ?anioaeeee
Eacaonoai «Ia aeoeeiia?iuo iauanoaao», ii?iaoeaiuie i?aaiauie aeoaie
Aaaionoaa ?anioaeeee Eacaonoai ii ?aaoee?iaaieth e iaaeci?o oeiainiaiai
?uiea e oeiainiauo i?aaiecaoeee, Onoaaii Aaiea, ?aoaieyie Niaaoa
Aee?aeoi?ia, I?aaeaiey Aaiea e Ianoiyuei Iieiaeaieai.
Oeeeae iacaaenei io ianoiuo i?aaiia i?aaenoaaeoaeueiie e eniieieoaeueiie
aeanoe i?e i?eiyoee ei ?aoaiee, naycaiiuo n iia?aoeaiie e aaieianeie
aeayoaeueiinoueth.
Oeeeae ai?aaa eiaoue iiiauaiey, ?aniieiaeaiiua ii ianeieueeei aae?anai a
i?aaeaeao aeaiiie iaeanoe.
O/aoiay ?aaeno?aoeey oeeeaea i?iecaiaeeony a i?aaia thnoeoeee ii ianoo
iaoiaeaeaiey Oeeeaea.
Neaaeoao auaeaeeoue iniiaiua caaea/e Oeeeaea.
– e?aaeeoiaaiea ia?ii?eyoee, niinianoaothueo yeiiiie/aneiio e
nioeeaeueiiio ?acaeoeth ?aaeiia ?aniieiaeaiey oeeeaea, oeiainiaay
iiaeaea?aeea iaeiai e n?aaeiaai aeciana, oe?aieaiea ia yoie iniiaa
aeaiaaeiiai ia?auaiey e iieoiaoaeueiie niiniaiinoe iaoeeiiaeueiie
aaethou.
– aeeoioeyoeey e yooaeoeaiia eniieueciaaiea naiaiaeiuo aeaiaa
th?eaee/aneeo e oece/aneeo eeoe iooai i?eaea/aiey eo a aeaiiceou Aaiea e
auaiaeiiai ?aciauaiey a aeaea e?aaeeoia.
– ?an/aoii-eanniaia ianeoaeeaaiea eeeaioia e ieacaiea ei anaaiciiaeiuo
aaieianeeo oneoa.
– o/anoea a ?aaeecaoeee i?ia?aii ?acaeoey yeiiiieee ?anioaeeee
Eacaonoai iooai ieacaiey aaieianeeo oneoa ia eiiia?/aneie iniiaa.
– oeeeae aa?aioe?oao oaeio ii iia?aoeeyi, n/aoai e aeeaaeai naieo
eeeaioia. Ana neoaeauea oeeeaea iaycaiu o?aieoue oaeio ii iia?aoeeyi,
n/aoai e aeeaaeai Oeeeaea e aai eeeaioia. Ni?aaee ii iia?aoeeyi e n/aoai
th?eaee/aneeo e oece/aneeo eeoe auaeathony Oeeeaeii oieueei
aeaaeaeueoeai n/aoia e oiieiiii/aiiui ainoaea?noaaiiui i?aaiai ii
iniiaaieyi e a neo/ayo, i?aaeoniio?aiiuo aeaenoaothuei
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii ?anioaeeee Eacaonoai.
– oeeeae ai?aaa inouanoaeyoue aaieianeea e eiua iia?aoeee,
i?aaeoniio?aiiua Caeiiii ?anioaeeee Eacaonoai «I aaieao e aaieianeie
aeayoaeueiinoe a ?anioaeeea Eacaonoai», anee aeaiiua iia?aoeee oeacaiu a
auaeaiiie aaieo eeoeaicee oiieiiii/aiiiai i?aaia ii ?aaoee?iaaieth e
iaaeci?o oeiainiaiai ?uiea e oeiainiauo i?aaiecaoeee. Oeeeae
inouanoaeyao aaieianeea iia?aoeee e eiua iia?aoeee, ia cai?auaiiua
(?ac?aoaiiua) aeey aaieia Caeiiii ?anioaeeee Eacaonoai «I aaieao e
aaieianeie aeayoaeueiinoe a ?anioaeeea Eacaonoai» a i?aaeaeao e ia
oneiaeyo aeaeaae?iaaiiuo aeiaa?aiiinoueth Aaiea, i?aaeinoaaeyaiie
ia?aiio ?oeiaiaeeoaeth Oeeeaea.
Aaie ii?aaeaeyao Oeeeaeo ?acia? n?aaenoa, iaiaoiaeeiuo aeey
inouanoaeaiey aaieianeie aeayoaeueiinoe.
Aaie auaeaeyao Oeeeaeo nianoaaiiua n?aaenoaa aeey inouanoaeaiey
aeayoaeueiinoe, i?aaeoniio?aiiie ianoiyuei Iieiaeaieai.
N?aaenoaa Oeeeaea neeaaeuaathony ec /anoe Onoaaiiai e ?aca?aiiai
eaieoaea Aaiea, n?aaenoa, iai?aaeyaiuo ia ?acaeoea oeeeaea, nioeeaeueiia
?acaeoea, iaoa?eaeueiia iiiu?aiea, a i?aaeaeao iieo/aiiuo Oeeeaeii
aeioiaeia.
Iniiaiuie aeaeaie aeioiaeia Oeeeaea yaeythony:
– iieo/aiiua i?ioeaiou, eiienneiiiua aiciaa?aaeaeaiey ca ieacaiea
aaieianeeo oneoa;
– oeiainiaia, eieanniaia ianeoaeeaaiea;
– aeioiaeu ii iia?aoeeyi n oeaiiuie aoiaaaie;
– ae?oaea aeioiaeu, ia cai?auaiiua aeaenoaothuei caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii.
Ii?yaeie ia?aciaaiey e eniieueciaaiey oiiaeia yeiiiie/aneiai
noeioee?iaaiey oeeeaea ooaa?aeaeaaony I?aaeaieai Aaiea.
E?aaeeoiua ?ano?nu aaiea oi?ie?othony ca n/ao:
– n?aaenoaa Oeeeaea ca au/aoii noieiinoe i?eia?aoaiiuo iniiaiuo n?aaenoa
e oaeoueo ?anoiaeia, iaania/eaathueo aeayoaeueiinoue Oeeeaea;
– n?aaenoa i?aaei?eyoee e i?aaiecaoeee, eiathueo n/aoa a Oeeeaea, a oii
/enea a aeaea n?i/iuo aeeaaeia, aeaiiceoia;
– aeeaaeia a?aaeaeai, i?eaeaeaaiuo ia ii?aaeaeaiiue n?ie e aei
aino?aaiaaiey;
– e?aaeeoia ae?oaeo aaieia.
A ea/anoaa ?ano?nia e?aaeeoiaaiey iiaeao o/eouaaoueny ia?ani?aaeaeaiiue
a oa/aiea aiaea aeioiae Oeeeaea.
Oeeeae a niioaaonoaee n i?oaeaioeeaeueiuie ii?iaoeaaie e ae?oaeie
iaycaoaeueiuie e niaethaeaieth ii?iaie e eeieoaie, onoaiiaeaiiuie
Aaaionoaii ?anioaeeee Eacaonoai ii ?aaoee?iaaieth e iaaeci?o oeiainiaiai
?uiea e oeiainiauo i?aaiecaoeee e i?aaeeaie, onoaiaaeeaaaiuie aeey
oeeeaea I?aaeaiey Aaiea:
– iiaeaea?aeeaaao eeeaeaeioth no?oeoo?o aaeaina, eioi?ay iaania/eaaao
ii?iaoeaiia niioaaonoaea iaaeaeo o?aaiaaieyie e iaycaoaeuenoaaie a
?acaeaea ii n?ieai iinooieaiey ieaoaaeae;
– niaethaeaao ii?iaoeaiua niioiioaiey iaaeaeo n?aaenoaaie, cae?aieaiiuie
a iieueciaaiee, e aai iaycaoaeuenoaaie;
– ia?aie/eaaao noiio aeeaaeia a?aaeaeai ?acia?aie n?aaenoa, cae?aieaiiuo
a iieueciaaiee Oeeeaea;
– ia?aie/eaaao ?acia? e?aaeeoa iaeiiio caaiueeo a onoaiiaeaiiuo
i?aaeaeao.
Oeeeae aeaiiie?oao /anoue i?eaea/aiiuo aeaiaa ia n/aoa a Aaiea a
niioaaonoaee n onoaiiaeaiiuie ii?iaoeaaie.
Aeey inouanoaeaiey iia?aoeee e o?aiaiey aeaiaa, Oeeeae ioe?uaaao oaeouee
n/ao a niioaaonoaee n ii?iaoeaiuie i?aaiauie aeoaie oiieiiii/aiiiai
i?aaia ?anioaeeee Eacaonoai.
Oeeeae i?eaeaeaao naiaiaeiua aeaiueae oicyenoaothueo noauaeoia e o?aieo
eo ia oaeoueo, aeaiiceoiuo eee eiuo n/aoao.
Oeeeae iiaeao i?eaeaeaoue ai aeeaaeu aeaiueae a?aaeaeai.
Aeaiueae i?eieiathony Oeeeaeii ia ii?aaeaeaiiue n?ie e aei
aino?aaiaaiey. Oeeeae iaania/eaaao nio?aiiinoue i?eiyouo aeaiaa.
Auaea/a n?aaenoa eeeaioai n aeaiiceoiuo n/aoia i?iecaiaeeony a n?iee,
onoaiiaeaiiua aeiaiai?ii. Auaea/a aeeaaeia i?iecaiaeeony ii o?aaiaaieth
aeeaae/eeia.
Oeeeae ieacuaaao naiei eeeaioai aanue eiiieaen e?aaeeoiuo, oeiainiauo,
?an/aoiuo, eanniauo e ae?oaeo aaieianeeo oneoa, i?aaeoniio?aiiuo
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii, a i?aaeaeao iieiiii/ee, i?aaeinoaaeaiiuo aio Aaieii
a niioaaonoaee n eiathuaeny o Aaiea eeoeaiceae Aaaionoaa ?anioaeeee
Eacaonoai ii ?aaoee?iaaieth e iaaeci?o oeiainiaiai ?uiea e oeiainiauo
i?aaiecaoeee ia i?iaaaeaiea aaieianeeo iia?aoeee ia iniiaaiee
aeiaa?aiiinoe Aaiea e ianoiyuaai Iieiaeaiey.
Caeiu, i?aaeinoaaeyaiua Oeeeaeii iaania/eaathony caeiaii eiouanoaa,
i?eiaaeeaaeauaai caaiueeo, eee aauiiio ii?o/eoaeth ia eioi?ia iiaeao
auoue ia?auaii acuneaiea a niioaaonoaee n aeaenoaothuei
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii, aa?aioeyie, e eiuie aeoeanni?iuie iaycaoaeuenoaaie,
i?aaeoniio?aiiuie aeaenoaothuei caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii e i?eiyoui a
aaieianeie i?aeoeea.
Oeeeae iiaeao i?aaeinoaaeyoue e?aaeeou aac iaania/aiey (aeaieiaue
e?aaeeo).
Ana ieaoaaee ni n/aoia eeeaioia ((aeeth/ay ieaoaaee a athaeaeao e ia
iieaoo o?oaea), inouanoaeythony Oeeeaeii a i/a?aaeiinoe, onoaiiaeaiiie
aeaenoaothuei caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii.
Oeeeae iiaeao a onoaiiaeaiiii ii?yaeea inouanoaeyoue e?aaeeoiaaiea,
?an/aou e ae?oaea iia?aoeee, naycaiiua n aiaoiayeiiiie/aneie
aeayoaeueiinoueth.
Oeeeae inouanoaeyao iia?aoeee, i?aaeoniio?aiiua aaieianeei
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii ia iniiaaiee aeiaiai?ia, caeeth/aaiuo n
th?eaee/aneeie e oece/aneeie eeoeaie a i?aaeaeao i?aa, i?aaeoniio?aiiuo
eeoeaiceae Aaaionoaa ?anioaeeee Eacaonoai ii ?aaoee?iaaieth e iaaeci?o
oeiainiaiai ?uiea e oeiainiauo i?aaiecaoeee e Aeiaa?aiiinoe, auaeaaaaiie
aee?aeoi?o oeeeaea I?aaenaaeaoaeai I?aaeaiey.
Iin?aaeie/aneea iia?aoeee ia ?uiea oeaiiuo aoiaa ii ii?o/aieth Aaiea
inouanoaeythony Oeeeaeii i?e iaee/ee o Aaiea eeoeaicee oiieiiii/aiiiai
i?aaia ia i?aai eo aaaeaiey n niaeaney Aaaionoaa ?anioaeeee Eacaonoai ii
?aaoee?iaaieth e iaaeci?o oeiainiaiai ?uiea e oeiainiauo i?aaiecaoeee e
aeiaa?aiiinoe Aaiea.
Oeeeae ai?aaa:
a) ia iniiaa aeiaiai?a n eeeaioii onoaiaaeeaaoue i?ioeaioiua noaaee i?e
i?iaaaeaiee aeoeaiuo e ianneaiuo iia?aoeee, a oaeaea ?acia?u
eiienneiiiiai aiciaa?aaeaeaiey ca ieacaiiua oneoae a i?aaeaeao ii?i,
onoaiiaeaiiuo iaueie oneiaeyie i?iaaaeaiey iia?aoeee, ooaa?aeaeaiiuie
Niaaoii aee?aeoi?ia Aaiea;
a) iieo/eoue io e?aaeeooaiuo i?aaei?eyoee e i?aaiecaoeee io/aou, aaeainu
e aeieoiaiou, iiaeoaa?aeaeathuea eo ieaoaaeaniiniaiinoue, a oaeaea
iaania/aiiinoue i?aaeinoaaeaiiuo e?aaeeoia;
a) o?aaiaaoue i?iaaaeaiey yenia?oecu i?iaeoiuo ?aoaiee ii
no?ieoaeuenoao, ?anoe?aieth, ?aeiino?oeoeee e oaoie/aneiio
ia?aaii?oaeaieth iauaeoia, eioi?ua i?aaeiieaaaaony inouanoaeoue n
o/anoeai e?aaeeoi?ii Aaiea;
a) i?ae?auaoue aeaeueiaeooth auaea/o caeia, aein?i/ii acuneeaaoue
auaeaiiua noiiu e?aaeeoia i?e ia?ooaiee iaycaoaeuenoa, i?aaeoniio?aiiuo
aeiaiai?ii aaieianeiai caeia;
ae) i?eieiaoue neaaeothuea ia?u a ioiioaiee iaieaoaaeaniiniaiiai
caaiueea:
1) ia i?aaeinoaaeyoue iiauo caeiia;
2) ia?auaoue acuneaiea ia aeaiueae, eiathueany ia ethauo n/aoao
caaiueea, e eiia eiouanoai aeieaeieea, anee yoi iaiai?aii a aeiaiai?a
aaieianeiai caeia;
a) i?eieiaoue io eiaie Aaiea n eneiaui cayaeaieai a noae i caueoa
eiouanoaaiiuo eioa?ania a i?eciaiee iaieaoaaeaniiniaiiai aeieaeieea
aaie?ioii a niioaaonoaee n aeaenoaothuei caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii, ia
iniiaaiee aeiaa?aiiinoe Aaiea i?aaenoaaeyoue aai eioa?anu a noaea a
ea/anoaa enooea, ioaao/eea e o?aoueae noi?iiu ii eiouanoaaiiui e eiui
nii?ai.
Aeioiae Oeeeaea oi?ie?oaony ec au?o/ee io anao aeaeia aai aeayoaeueiinoe
ca au/aoii iia?aoeeiiiuo ?anoiaeia, iaoa?eaeueiuo e i?e?aaiaiiuo e iei
cao?ao e ?anoiaeia ia iieaoo o?oaea.
Aeioiae Oeeeaea eniieuecoaony a ii?yaeea, ii?aaeaeaiiii i?aaiaie
oi?aaeaiey Aaiea a niioaaonoaee n eo eiiiaoaioeeae.
I?aaeoniio?aiiua aeaenoaothuei caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii iaeiae ia aeioiae
aiinyony a athaeaeao Oeeeaeii a niioaaonoaee n aeaenoaothuei iaeiaiaui
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii.
N?ie aeayoaeueiinoe oeeeaea ia ia?aie/ai. Iauaa ?oeiaiaenoai
aeayoaeueiinoueth Oeeeaea inouanoaeyao I?aaeaiea Aaiea.
I?aaeaiea Aaiea:
– ii?aaeaeyao ?acia? /anoe Onoaaiiai eaieoaea, cae?aieaiiiai a
iieueciaaiee Oeeeaea;
– ?anniao?eaaao e ooaa?aeaeaao iia?aoeaiue aaeain Oeeeaea, io/ao i
aeioiaeao e oauoeao ca enoaeoee iia?aoeeiiiue aiae;
– iacia/aao aee?aeoi?a Oeeeaea, a oaeaea aeaaiiai aooaaeoa?a e eo
caianoeoaeae;
– inouanoaeyao eiio?ieue ca aeayoaeueiinoueth Oeeeaea;
– ?aoaao aii?inu iieaou o?oaea, iaoa?eaeueiiai noeioee?iaaiey
?oeiaiaeyueo ?aaioieeia Oeeeaea.
Aee?aeoi? Oeeeaea:
– inouanoaeyao ?oeiaiaenoai iia?aoeaiie aeayoaeueiinoueth Oeeeaea;
– naiinoiyoaeueii ?aoaao aii?inu ii iiaeai?o eaae?ia, caeeth/aao io
eiaie Aaiea eiaeeaeaeoaeueiua o?oaeiaua aeiaiai?u n nio?oaeieeaie
Oeeeaea;
– onoaiaaeeaaao i?aaeea aioo?aiiaai ?anii?yaeea e ?aaeei ?aaiou, a
oaeaea ?ani?aaeaeyao iaycaiiinoe iaaeaeo ?aaioieeaie;
– ii?aaeaeyao no?oeoo?o, iieaoo o?oaea e iaoa?eaeueiiai noeioee?iaaiey
?aaioieeia Oeeeaea;
– auiieiyao ?aoaiey Niaaoa aee?aeoi?ia e I?aaeaiey Aaiea;
– i?aaiecoao ?aaioo ii inouanoaeaieth aaieianeeo iia?aoeee;
– iaania/eaaao nio?aiiinoue eiouanoaa, aeaiaa e ae?oaeo oeaiiinoae;
– auiieiyao ae?oaea ooieoeee, auoaeathuea ec ianoiyuaai Iieiaeaiey;
Ia iniiaaiee aeiaa?aiiinoe ia?aue ?oeiaiaeeoaeue Aaiea iiaeienuaaao
aeiaiai?u io eiaie Aaiea ia niaa?oaiea aaieianeeo iia?aoeee e
inouanoaeaiea eiuo a?aaeaeainei–i?aaiauo naeaeie, ia cai?auaiiuo
aeaenoaothuei caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaii aeey aaieia aoi?iai o?iaiy.
Aeaaiue aooaaeoa? Oeeeaea i?aaiecoao ?aaioo ii o/aoo e io?aaeaieth a
aaeaina cae?aieaiiiai ca Oeeeaeii eiouanoaa, aeaiaa e aaieianeeo
iia?aoeee Oeeeaea a niioaaonoaee n iaoiaeieiaeae e iieeoeeie
aooaaeoa?neiai o/aoa e io/aoiinoe.
2 Aiaeec oi?aaeaiey oeiainiauie aeoeaaie AI «Oaii?aaie»
2.1 Aiaeec oeiainiaie io/aoiinoe AI «Oaii?aaie»
AI «Oaii?aaie» auiieiyao neaaeothuea aeaeu oneoa: ?an/aoii-eanniaia
ianeoaeeaaiea, aaethoiue eiio?ieue, oaoiieiaee ianeoaeeaaiey,
aeaiiceoiua iia?aoeee, e?aaeeoiaaiea, aeieoiaioa?iua iia?aoeee,
iia?aoeee n oeaiiuie aoiaaaie, iia?aoeee n ae?aaioeaiiuie iaoaeeaie,
eanoiaeeaeueiua oneoae; iia?aoeee n ieanoeeiauie ea?oi/eaie. Ia aeaiiii
yoaia naiae aeayoaeueiinoe AI «Oaii?aaie» ?acaeaaao eiaanoe?iaaiea e
oeiaine?iaaiea i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo e i?iiuoeaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee ca n/ao
i?eaea/aiey eiino?aiiuo e?aaeeoiuo eeiee. Iniaaiiinoueth oneoa yaeyaony
iaaeaaeiinoue, ea/anoai e auno?ioa ianeoaeeaaiey, i?ioanneiiaeeci.
I?iaiaeece?oai no?oeoo?o aeoeaia aaiea ca ianeieueei eao. Eniieuecoai
aeey yoiai aeaiiua aaeainia ca iineaaeiea aeaa aiaea aaiea
AI «Oaii?aaie», io?aaeaiiua a oaaeeoea 1.
Oaaeeoea 1 – No?oeoo?a aeoeaia AI «Oaii?aaie» a 2004- 2006 aiaeu A
ouny/ao oaiaa
Aeoeau31.12.200531.12.2006ouny/ oaiaa%ouny/ oaiaa%Aeaiiceou a
Iaoeeiiaeueiii aaiea4 012 2285,2817 564 3308,85Oeiainiaua aeoeau ii
ni?aaaaeeeaie noieiinoe /a?ac i?eauee e oauoee9 392 71512,3614 129
6467,12Caeiu, i?aaeinoaaeaiiua eeeaioai49 813 47265,6148 462
85874,85Eiaanoeoeee a anioeee?iaaiiua eiiiaiee917 8991,211 615
6230,82Nnoaeu e n?aaenoaa, i?aaeinoaaeaiiua aaieai ca au/aoii ?aca?aia
iiae iaanoeaiaiea9 287 11912,2313 332 1016,72Iniiaiua n?aaenoaa2 044
4002,701 769 2830,89Aeaaeoi?u ii eaieoaeueiui aeiaeaieyi31 8440,04216
9910,11I?i/ea aeoeau358 8920,471 167 6760,59O?aaiaaiey ii iaeiao ia
i?eaueue86 7940,11104 6540,05Anaai aeoeaia75 945 363100198 362 162100
Ec oaaeeoeu 1 aeaeii eae iaiyeanue no?oeoo?a aeoeaia aaiea. Oae,
nie?aoeeanue a ia?eiae n 2005 aiaea ii 2006 aiae aeiey aeaiaaeiuo
n?aaenoa, ?aciauaaiay ia n/aoao a Iaoeeiiaeueiii aaiea ?anioaeeee
Eacaonoai, n 5,28 % aei 8,85 % niioaaonoaaiii, /oi auei aiieia
anoanoaaiii aeey ii?iaeueii ?aaioathuaai aaiea a aeaiiue ia?eiae. A
iniiaiii aeaiiay noaouey oi?ie?oaony ca n/ao iaycaoaeueiuo ?aca?aiuo
n/aoia a Iaoeaaiea ?anioaeeee Eacaonoai e aeaiaaeiie iaee/iinoe eae a
iaoeeiiaeueiie, oae e a eiino?aiiuo aaethoao, e i?i/eo ieaoaaeiuo
aeieoiaioao.
Eioa?aniay neooaoeey neiaeeeanue ii noaouea aaeaina, oa?aeoa?ecothuae
eiee/anoai auaeaiiuo e?aaeeoia ?acee/iui noauaeoai. ?uiie
Iaaeaaieianeiai e?aaeeoiaaiey yaeyaony iaeaieaa ?eneiaaiiui naaiaioii
?uiea aaieianeeo oneoa e i/aiue aini?eei/eaui e ?acee/iui oaeoi?ai.
Ec oaaeeoeu 1 aeaeii, /oi ca iineaaeiea 2 aiaea aeiey caeiia, auaeaiiuo
oece/aneei eeeaioai aic?inea n 65,60 % aei 74,85 %, /oi yaeyaony
iieacaoaeai aino?aaiaaiiinoe aeaiiiai aaieianeiai i?iaeoeoa. Iaeiaei
noieo ioiaoeoue, /oi nieceeanue aeiey caeiia, auaeaiiuo ae?oaei aaieai n
12,23 % aei 6,72 %, /oi iiaeao naeaeaoaeuenoaiaaoue ia oeo/oaiee
ninoiyiey aaieianeie nenoaiu, aa oe?aieaiee.
Iaeiei ec oaeeo oaeoi?ia yaeyaony o?iaaiue o/aoiie noaaee Iaoeeiiaeueiue
aaiea ?anioaeeee Eacaonoai. I?e ?inoa noaaee aeieaeii i?ienoiaeeoue
nieaeaiea iauaiia e?aaeeoia, a nayce n eo oaei?iaeaieai. Iaeiaei AI
«Oaii?aaie» iacaaeneii io iiceoeee o/aoiie noaaee iinoiyiii oaaee/eaae
aeieth n?aaenoa, auaeaiiuo a aeaea e?aaeeoia. Yoi iiaeii iauynieoue oai,
/oi iacaaeneii io «oeaiu» ia aeaiueae, ni?in ia ieo iinoiyiii i?aauoaao
i?aaeeiaeaiea, /oi a iauai-oi oa?aeoa?ii a iaoa a?aiy, eiaaea iaeanoiua
e ai?iaeneea aaeieieno?aoeee ia eiatho nianoaaiiuo n?aaenoa aeey auieao
iainee, ca?aaioiuo ieao, noeiaiaeee ianaeaieth.
Ioaeaeueii oi/aony inoaiiaeoueny ia noaouea «I?i/ea aeoeau». Aeaei a
oii, /oi iiaay oi?ia aaieianeiai aaeaina AI «Oaii?aaie» ia
i?aaeoniao?eaaao ?anoeo?iaee yoie noaouee e aiaeiae/iie noaouee ianneaa.
Iaeiaei yoa noaouey eiaao iaiaeiaaaeiia cia/aiea a aeayoaeueiinoe
?anniao?eaaaiiai aaiea. E i?i/ei aeoeaai eiiia?/aneeo aaieia, eae
i?aaeei, ioiinyo noiiu n?aaenoa ii ?aciui aeaeai acaeii?an/aoia, a oii
/enea n athaeaeaoii: auaeaiiua aaainu, n?aaenoaa ii aeieoiaioa?iui
iia?aoeeyi, ?an/aou n oeeeaeaie aaiea, ?anoiaeu aoaeoueo ia?eiaeia;
noieiinoue oicyenoaaiiiai eiaaioa?y, a oaeaea iaeioeaiiuo e
auno?ieciaoeaathueony i?aaeiaoia, ca au/aoii eciina.
A oneiaeyo ?uii/iie yeiiiieee aaaeiinoue i?eia?aoaao i?ioeann
oi?ie?iaaiey ?ano?niiai iioaioeeaea aaiea, iioeiecaoeey eo no?oeoo?u e a
nayce n yoei ea/anoai oi?aaeaiey anaie enoi/ieeaie aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa,
eioi?ua ia?acotho ianneaiua iia?aoeee.
Ana ianneaiua iia?aoeee aaiea, naycaiiua n i?eaea/aieai n?aaenoa, a
caaeneiinoe io eo yeiiiie/aneiai niaea?aeaiey aeaeyony ia: aeaiiceoiua,
aeeth/ay iieo/aiea iaaeaaieianeeo e?aaeeoia; yienneiiiua (?aciauaiea
iaaa eee oeaiiuo aoiaa aaiea).
E ianneaiui iia?aoeeyi aaiea ioiinyo: i?eaea/aiea n?aaenoa ia ?an/aoiua
e oaeouea n/aoa th?eaee/aneeo e oece/aneeo eeoe; ioe?uoea n?i/iuo n/aoia
a?aaeaeai, i?aaei?eyoee e i?aaiecaoeee; auione oeaiiuo aoiaa; caeiu,
iieo/aiiua io ae?oaeo aaieia, e o.ae. A oaaeeoea 2 ?anniio?aia no?oeoo?a
eaieoaea e iaycaoaeuenoa aaiea.
Ec oaaeeoeu 2 aeaeii, /oi iniiaioth aeieth iaycaoaeuenoa ninoaaeytho
aeaiiceou oece/aneeo eeoe, eioi?ua a 2005 aiaeo ninoaaeee 63,61 %, a a
2006 aiaeo 30,38 %, neaaeoao, iaeiaei, caiaoeoue, /oi a 2006 aiaeo
cia/eoaeueioth aeieth iaycaoaeuenoa noaee ninoaaeyoue auiouaiiua
aeieaiaua oeaiiua aoiaae, oaaee/eaoenue, ii n?aaiaieth n 2005 aiaeii a
25,5 ?aca (n 3 002 576 aei 76 705 437 ouny/ oaiaa).
Ca 2005 aiaeo /enoay i?eaueue Aaiea ninoaaeea 2 518 781 ouny/ oaiaa, e
?acaiaeiaiiue aeioiae ia aeoeeth ninoaaee 469 ouny/ oaiaa, ii n?aaiaieth
n i?eaueueth 3 071 810 ouny/ oaiaa e ?acaiaeiaiiui aeioiaeii ia aeoeeth
300 ouny/ oaiaa a 2006 aiaeo.
Eciaiaiea i?ioeaioiiai aeioiaea iiaeii i?ineaaeeoue ii oaaeeoea 3.
Oaaeeoea 2 – I?ioeaioiua aeioiaeu AI «Oaii?aaie» ca 2005 – 2006 aiaea,
ouny/ oaiaa
Iieacaoaee31.12.2005 aiae31.12.2006 aiaeIoeeiiaiea (+,-) ca 2005-2006
aiaeaI?ioeaiou ii caeiai, i?aaeinoaaeaiiui eeeaioai5 611 86713 692 1458
080 278I?ioeaiou ii oeiainiaui aeoeaai ii ni?aaaaeeeaie noieiinoe /a?ac
i?eauee e oauoee291 5481 492 1921 200 644I?ioeaiou ii caeiai e
n?aaenoaai, i?aaeinoaaeaiiui aaieai163 868174 94711 089I?ioeaiou ii
iia?aoeeyi ia?aoiiai ?AII60 715300 284239 569Eoiai i?ioeaioiua aeioiaeu6
127 99815 659 5689 531 573
I?ioeaioiue aeioiae aic?in ia 39,13 % n 6 127 998 ouny/ oaiaa a 2005
aiaeo aei 15 659 568 ouny/ oaiaa a 2006 aiaeo, io?acea oaaee/aiea
aeioiaeii?eiinyueo aeoeaia a oa/aiea aiaea, eioi?ia naaeaine?iaaeinue ca
n/ao nieaeaiey i?ioeaioiuo noaaie.
Oaaee/aiea e?aaeeoiiai ii?ooaey i?iecioei a iniiaiii ec-ca oeo/oaiey
yeiiiie/aneie neooaoeee a Eacaonoaia – iiauneeny ni?in ia aaieianeea
oneoae ni noi?iiu iio?aaeoaeae a oeaeii. N?aaeiaacaaoaiiay aiaeiaay
i?ioeaioiay noaaea e?aaeeoiaaiey oece/aneeo eeoe aa?uee?oaony a
caaeneiinoe io I?ia?aiiu e?aaeeoiaaiey, oeaeae iieo/aiey caeia, a oaeaea
aic?anoa eeeaioa. Nieaeaiea a iniiaiii i?iecioei ec-ca eciaiaiey
no?oeoo?u e?aaeeoiiai ii?ooaey a noi?iio aieaa aunieeo n?aaeieo inoaoeia
e?aaeeoia, aeaiiieie?iaaiiuo a eiino?aiiie aaethoa, i?eiinyueo i?eaueue
ii aieaa ieceei i?ioeaioiui noaaeai, /ai e?aaeeou, aeaiiieie?iaaiiua a
oaiaa.
I?ioeaioiue aeioiae ii?ooaey oeaiiuo aoiaa aei/a?ieo eiiiaiee nieceeny
ia 30,6 % e ninoaaee 815 208 ouny/ oaiaa a 2006 aiaeo, ii n?aaiaieth n 2
664 368 ouny/ oaiaa a 2005 aiaeo, /oi naeaeaoaeuenoaoao ia oiaiueoaiee
ii?ooaey oeaiiuo aoiaa aei/a?ieo eiiiaiee.
*enoue i?ioeaioiue aeioiae aac o/aoa ?aca?aa ia aiciiaeiua iioa?e
oaaee/eeny ia 35,98 %, n 2 671 236 ouny/ oaiaa a 2005 aiaeo aei 7 424
260 ouny/ oaiaa a 2006 aiaeo. *enoay i?ioeaioiay ia?aea Aaiea,
ii?aaeaeaiiay eae /enoue i?ioeaioiue aeioiae aei au/aoa ?aca?aia ia
oauoee, ioianaiiue e n?aaeiaaiaeiaui aeioiaeii?eiinyuei aeoeaai,
ninoaaeea 47,4 % a 2006 aiaeo ii n?aaiaieth n 43,59% a 2005 aiaeo.
Oaiaeaioeey oaaee/aiey /enoie i?ioeaioiie ia?aee yaeyaony aeiaaeueiie
oaiaeaioeeae ec-ca iiauoaiey i?ioeaioiuo noaaie.
Iai?ioeaioiue aeioiae oiaiueoeeny ia 367 101 ouny/ oaiaa – n 3 876 402
ouny/ oaiaa a 2005 aiaeo aei 3 509 301 ouny/ oaiaa a 2006 aiaeo.
Aeeiaieeo eciaiaiey iiaeii i?ineaaeeoue a oaaeeoea 4.
Oaaeeoea 4– Iai?ioeaioiue aeioiae ca 2005-2006 aiaeu A ouny/ao oaiaa
Iieacaoaee2005 aiae2006 aiaeIoeeiiaiea (+,-) 2005-2006aiaeaEiienneiiiue
aeioiae1 025 5621 683 143657 581Aeeaeaeaiaeu iieo/aiiua3 32814 57211
244*enoue aeioiae ii iia?aoeeyi n eiino?aiiie aaethoie133 987924 424790
437I?eaueue io i?iaeaaee iniiaiuo n?aaenoa23 60556 14132 536I?i/ee
iia?aoeeiiiue aeioiae81 567107 01625 449Eoiai iai?ioeaioiue aeioiae1 268
0492 785 2961 517 247
N 2005 ii 2006 aiae, iai?ioeaioiue aeioiae oaaee/eeny ia 2 882 321 ouny/
oaiaa eee 25,6 %. Aieueoay /anoue oaaee/aiey auea i?aaenoaaeaia /enoui
i?e?inoii oi?aiaiai ii?ooaey oeaiiuo aoiaa Aaiea, /oi e ninoaaeei
i?eia?ii 55,2 % io ?inoa. Iiaeiaiue iiuiue ?ino iai?ioeaioiiai aeioiaea
i?aaenoaaeyao niaie no?aoaae/aneoth eiioeaio?aoeeth, eioi?ay
caeeth/aaony a aeeaa?neoeeaoeee aacu aeioiaeia.
Eiienneiiiue aeioiae oaaee/eeny ia 657 581 ouny/ oaiaa, n 1 025 562
ouny/ oaiaa a 2005 aiaeo aei 1 683 143 ouny/ oaiaa a 2006 aiaeo, i?e?ino
ninoaaee 64,12 %. I?e?ino 2005 aiaea ioiineoaeueii eiienneiiiiai
aeioiaea a 798 797 oun. oaiaa, iieo/aiiiai a 2004 a., ninoaaee 28,39 %.
Oaaee/aiey a 2005 e 2006 aiaeao ioiinyony e ?inoo aeieoiaioa?iuo
aiciaa?aaeaeaiee, ioiinyueony e oi?aiai-oeiainiaie aeayoaeueiinoe, a
oaeaea e eiienneyi, iieo/aiiui ii o?aicaeoeeyi n ieanoeeiauie
ea?oi/eaie, io?aaeathuei ?anoe?aiea yeiiiie/aneie aeoeaiinoe Eacaonoaia
e niioaaonoaothuaai ?inoa aeaeiauo iia?aoeee, i?iaiaeeiuo Aaieii.
*enoue aeioiae io iia?aoeee n eiino?aiiie aaethoie oaaee/eeny ia 790 437
ouny/ oaiaa – ni 133 987 ouny/ oaiaa a 2005 aiaeo, aei 924 424 ouny/
oaiaa a 2006 aiaeo. Yoi i?iecioei aneaaenoaea oaaee/aiey aiaeo /enoiai
aeioiaea io aeeeeiaiauo iia?aoeee, ninoaaeaoeo a 2006 aiaeo 461 779
ouny/ oaiaa (a 2005 aiaeo, ninoaaeyaoeo 37 707 ouny/ oaiaa) e /enouo
eo?niauo ?acieoe, oaaee/eaoeony a 2006 aiaeo aei 462 645 ouny/ oaiaa, ii
n?aaiaieth ni 146 837 ouny/aie oaiaa a 2005 aiaeo. I?i/ee iia?aoeeiiiue
aeioiae aic?in ia 42,05 % – n 23 605 ouny/ oaiaa a 2005 aiaeo aei 56 141
ouny/ oaiaa a 2006 aiaeo. Nouanoaaiiue ?ino i?i/aai iia?aoeeiiiiai
aeioiaea ioiineony e oaaee/aieth aeioiaeiinoe a?aiaeu e i?eauee,
iieo/aiiie io iia?aoeee n eeeaioneeie n/aoaie.
Iaiiiai iiae?iaiaa oioaeinue au ?anniio?aoue noaoueth «Eiienneiiiua
aeioiaeu» – eco/eoue no?oeoo?o e i?ineaaeeoue aeeiaieeo. Aeaiiua ii
iieacaoaeth i?aaenoaaeaiu a oaaeeoea 5.
Oaaeeoea 5 – Aeioiaeu ii oneoaai e eiienneiiiua aeioiaeu A ouny/ao oaiaa
Iieacaoaee31.12.2005 aiae31.12.2006 aiaeIoeeiiaiea (+,-) ca 2005 – 2006
aiaeaEanniaua iia?aoeee579 1701 132 416553 246?an/aoiua iia?aoeee216
864311 55394 689Auiouaiiua aa?aioee101 292110 7939 501Eanoiaeeaeueiua
oneoae36 82455 51518 691Oneoae ii aeiaa?eoaeueiiio oi?aaeaieth41 32236
785- 4 537Aee?aaeeoeau23 52711 704- 11 823I?i/aa26 56324 377- 2 186Eoiai
aeioiaeu ii oneoaai e eiienneiiiua aeioiaeu1 025 5621 683 143657 581
Iauaa oaaee/aiea eiienneiiiiai aeioiaea a 2006 aiaeo ninoaaeei 657 581
ouny/a oaiaa (164, 12 %), n 1 025 562 ouny/ oaiaa a 2005 aiaeo aei 1 683
143 ouny/ oaiaa. Iaeaieueoaa oaaee/aiea iu aeaeei ii noaouea eanniaua
iia?aoeee: a 2005 aiaeo aeaiiue iieacaoaeue ninoaaeye 579 170 ouny/
oaiaa, /oi a 2 ?aca iaiueoa cia/aiey yoiai aea iieacaoaey a 2006 aiaeo,
ninoaaeaoaai 1 132 416 oaiaa (oaii i?e?inoa ninoaaee 95,52 %). ?an/aoiua
iia?aoeee a 2006 aiaeo ninoaaeee 311 553 ouny/ oaiaa, /oi aieueoa
iieacaoaey 2005 aiaea, ninoaaeaoaai 216 864 ouny/e oaiaa ia 94 689 ouny/
oaiaa. Eanoiaeeaeueiua oneoae a 2005 aiaeo ninoaaeyee 36 824 ouny/e
oaiaa, /oi iaiueoa oiai aea iieacaoaey 2006 aiaea (55 515 ouny/ oaiaa)
ia 18 691 ouny/ oaiaa. Eciaiaiea a noi?iio oaaee/aiey iaaethaeaaony
oaeaea e ii noaouea auiouaiiua aa?aioee. Cia/aiea aeaiiiai iieacaoaey a
2006 aiaeo ninoaaeei 110 793 ouny/e oaiaa, /oi ia 9 501 ouny/ oaiaa
aieueoa cia/aiey yoiai aea iieacaoaey a 2005 aiaeo, ninoaaeyaoaai 101
292 ouny/e oaiaa.
Iaeiaei eiaao ianoi e oiaiueoaiea iaeioi?uo iieacaoaeae a 2006 aiaeo ii
n?aaiaieth n aiaeii i?aaeoanoaothuei. Iai?eia?, iaeaieueoaa oiaiueoaiea
i?iecioei ii noaouea aee?aaeeoeau. Eciaiaiea a noi?iio oiaiueoaiey
ninoaaeei 11 823 ouny/e oaiaa (a 2005 aiaeo iieacaoaeue ninoaaeye 23 527
ouny/ oaiaa, a a 2006 aiaeo anaai 11 704 ouny/ oaiaa). Oiaiueoaiea ia 4
537 ouny/ oaiaa iaaethaeaaony ii oneoaai ii aeiaa?eoaeueiiio
oi?aaeaieth, a 2005 aiaeo ninoaaeyaoeo 41 322 ouny/ oaiaa, a a 2006
aiaeo – 36 785 ouny/ oaiaa. Ii noaouea i?i/aa eciaiaiea a noi?iio
oiaiueoaiey ninoaaeei 2 186 ouny/ oaiaa (a 2005 aiaeo cia/aiea
iieacaoaey ninoaaeyei 26 563 ouny/ oaiaa, a a 2006 aiaeo – 24 377 ouny/
oaiaa).
E iniiaiui noaoueyi cao?ao AI «Oaii?aaie» ioiinyony ?anoiaeu ii auieaoa
i?ioeaioia, ?aca?au ia aiciiaeiua iioa?e, ?anoiaeu ii ca?aaioiie ieaoa e
i?i/ea ?an/aou n ia?niiaeii, iauea e aaeieieno?aoeaiua ?anoiaeu,
?anoiaeu ia a?aiaeo e iai?oaeiaaiea, iaeiae, ?aeeaia, eiienneiiiua
?anoiaeu, no?aoiaaiea e oauoee io auauoey iniiaiuo n?aaenoa.
?anoiaeu ii auieaoa i?ioeaioia (eiienneiiiue ?anoiae) aic?inee n 57 725
ouny/ oaiaa a 2005 aiaeo aei 84 456 ouny/ oaiaa a 2006 aiaeo, i?e?ino
ninoaaee 46,31 %. Aeaiiia eciaiaiea iiaeii oaeaeaoue a oaaeeoea 6.
Iauee i?ioeaioiue ?anoiae a 2006 aiaeo oaaee/eeny ia 4 305 356 ouny/
oaiaa (oaii i?e?inoa ninoaaee 109,55 %) ii n?aaiaieth n 2005 aiaeii (3
929 952 ouny/e oaiaa) e ninoaaee 8 235 308 ouny/ oaiaa. Aeaiiia
oaaee/aiea, a iniiaiii, naycaii n oaaee/aieai i?ioeaioiiai ?anoiaea ii
auiouaiiui aeieaiaui oeaiiui aoiaaai ia 2 916 634 oaiaa ii n?aaiaieth n
2005 aiaeii aei 3 157 801 ouny/e oaiaa.
I?ioeaioiue ?anoiae ii n?aaenoaai eeeaioia a 2006 aiaeo ninoaaee 3 063
981 ouny/e oaiaa, /oi ia 1 112 186 ouny/ oaiaa aieueoa /ai a 2005 aiaeo
(1 951 795 ouny/ oaiaa), oaii i?e?inoa ninoaaee 56,99 %. I?ioeaiou ii
caeiai e n?aaenoaai aaieia oaeaea oaaee/eeny, ii ia noieue cia/eoaeueii
– oaii i?e?inoa ninoaaee 7 %: a 2005 aiaeo aeaiiue iieacaoaeue ninoaaeye
1 096 731 ouny/e oaiaa, a a 2006 aiaeo ii ninoaaee oaea 1 173 468 ouny/
oaiaa. Oaaee/aiea a ?anoiaeao iaaethaeaaony e ii iia?aoeeyi ?AII:
ioeeiiaiea a noi?iio oaaee/aiey ninoaaeei 219 810 ouny/ oaiaa, a
i?ioeaioiii niioiioaiee ninoaaeyao 379, 25 % ?inoa. A 2005 aiaeo aeaiiue
iieacaoaeue aue ?aaai 78 715 ouny/e oaiaa, a a 2006 aiaeo ninoaaeye oaea
298 525 ouny/ oaiaa.
E?iia oiai, a 2006 aiaeo iaaethaeaaony oiaiueoaiea i?ioeaioiiai ?anoiaea
ii iaeioi?ui noaoueyi. Aieueoaa oiaiueoaiea iaaethaeaaony a i?ioeaioao
ii noai?aeeie?iaaiiiio aeieao: oiaiueoaiea ninoaaeei 15 967 ouny/ oaiaa
(n 83 183 ouny/ oaiaa a 2005 aiaeo aei 67 216 ouny/ oaiaa a 2006 aiaeo).
Oiaiueoeeenue aeeaeaeaiaeu ii i?eaeeaae?iaaiiui aeoeeyi – ia 3 085 ouny/
oaiaa n 473 690 ouny/ oaiaa a 2005 aiaeo aei 470 605 ouny/ oaiaa a 2006
aiaeo ( a i?ioeaioiii niioiioaiee oiaiueoaiea ninoaaeei 0,65 %).
Oiaiueoaiea i?ioeaioiiai ?anoiaea ii i?i/ei caeinoaiaaiiui n?aaenoaai
ninoaaeei 959 ouny/ oaiaa – n 4 671 ouny/e oaiaa a 2005 aiaeo aei 3 712
ouny/ oaiaa a 2006 aiaeo.
Iai?ioeaioiua ?anoiaeu a 2006 aiaeo, ii n?aaiaieth n 2005 aiaeii oaeaea
eciaieeenue. Aeeiaieeo eciaiaiey aeaiiiai iieacaoaey iiaeii i?ineaaeeoue
a oaaeeoea 7.
Oaaeeoea 7 – Iai?ioeaioiua ?anoiaeu ca 2005 – 2006 aiaea A ouny/ao oaiaa
IieacaoaeeIa 31.12.2005 aiaeaIa 31.12.2006 aiaeaIoeeiiaiea (+,-) ia
2005-2006 aiaea?anoiaeu ia ia?niiae1 088 4692 029 402940 933Aii?oecaoeey
iniiaiuo n?aaenoa e iaiaoa?eaeueiuo aeoeaia178 037349 152171 115?anoiaeu
ia ?aeeaio173 280304 777131 497Aaeieieno?aoeaiua ?anoiaeu164 192203
68239 490Iaeiae, e?iia iaeiaa ia i?eaueue113 253188 74775
494TH?eaee/aneea oneoae61 230161 327100 097Oaoie/aneia ianeoaeeaaiea
iniiaiuo n?aaenoa93 212155 58962 377?anoiaeu ia no?aoiaaiea18 01725 7377
720Eiienneiiiua ?anoiaeu 57 72584 45626 731Eoiai iai?ioeaioiua ?anoiaeu1
947 4153 502 8691 555 454
Iaeaieueoaa eciaiaiea a noi?iio oaaee/aiey iai?ioeaioiuo ?anoiaeia a
2006 aiaeo iaaethaeaaony ii noaouea ?anoiaeu ia ia?niiae. Yoi eciaiaiea
ninoaaeei 940 933 ouny/ oaiaa (oaii i?e?inoa 86,44 %), a 2005 aiaeo
cia/aiea iieacaoaey auei ?aaii 1 088 469 ouny/ oaiaa, oiaaea eae a 2006
aiaeo iii ninoaaeei 2 029 402 ouny/ oaiaa.
Oaeaea oaaee/eeenue e io/eneaiey ia aii?oecaoeeth, ninoaaeaoea a 2006
aiaeo 349 152 ouny/ oaiaa, ii n?aaiaieth ni cia/aieai 2005 aiaea – 178
037 ouny/ oaiaa, eciaiaiea ninoaaeei 171 115 ouny/ oaiaa. Oaeaea auee
oaaee/aiu e ?anoiaeu ia ?aeeaio – n 173 280 ouny/ oaiaa a 2006 aiaeo aei
304 777 ouny/ oaiaa a 2005 aiaeo, o.a. eciaiaiea ninoaaeei 131 497 ouny/
oaiaa eee 175, 89 %. Aaeieieno?aoeaiua ?anoiaeu oaaee/eeenue ia 39 490
ouny/ oaiaa ni 164 192 ouny/ oaiaa a 2005 aiaeo aei 203 682 ouny/ oaiaa
a 2006 aiaeo. Iai?ioeaioiua ?anoiaeu ii iaeiaai oaeaea auee oaaee/aiu ia
75 494 ouny/e oaiaa ni 113 253 ouny/ oaiaa aei 188 747 ouny/ oaiaa.
Cia/eoaeueii auee oaaee/aiu ?anoiaeu ia th?eaee/aneea oneoae – n 61 230
ouny/ oaiaa aei 161 327 ouny/ oaiaa – ia 100 097 ouny/ oaiaa (263,48 %).
?anoiaeu ii oaoie/aneiio ianeoaeeaaieth iniiaiuo n?aaenoa oaaee/eeenue
aei 155 589 ouny/ oaiaa a 2006 aiaeo n 93 212 ouny/ 2005 aiaea.
Eiienneiiiua ?anoiaeu oaeaea oaaee/eeenue a 2006 aiaeo aei 84 456 ouny/
oaiaa n 57 725o ouny/ oaiaa a 2005 aiaeo, eciaiaiea ninoaaeei 26 731
ouny/ oaiaa (146,31 %). ?anoiaeu ia no?aoiaaiea oaaee/eeenue ia 7 720
ouny/ oaiaa, n 18 017 ouny/ oaiaa a 2005 aiaeo aei 25 737 ouny/ oaiaa a
2006 aiaeo. Oaii i?e?inoa ninoaaee 42,85 %.
Iaiiiai iiae?iaiaa ?anniio?aoue iaeio ec ninoaaeythueo iai?ioeaioiua
?anoiaeia, a eiaiii eiienneiiiua ?anoiaeu iiaeii ia?aoea naia aieiaiea
ia oaaeeoeo 8.
Oaaeeoea 8 – ?anoiaeu ii oneoaai e eiienneiiiua ?anoiaeu A ouny/ao oaiaa
IieacaoaeueIa 31.12.2005 aiaeaIa 31.12.2006 aiaeaIoeeiiaiea (+,-) ia
2005 – 2006 aiaeaOneoae ii eniieueciaaieth ieaoaaeiuo ea?o19 24030 60211
362?an/aoiua iia?aoeee21 04326 8675 824Iia?aoeee n oeaiiuie aoiaaaie7
89715 2347 337Eanniaua iia?aoeee6 8859 4122 527Eanoiaeeaeueiua
oneoae96691595I?iaaaeaiea aeieoiaioa?iuo iia?aoeee1 572– 1572I?i/aa9921
650658Eoiai ?anoiaeu ii oneoaai e eiienneiiiua ?anoiaeu57 72584 45626
731
Eiienneiiiua ?anoiaeu aaiea oaaee/eeenue ia 26 731 ouny/ oaiaa ii
n?aaiaieth n 2005 aiaeii (57 725 ouny/ oaiaa) e ninoaaee 84 456 ouny/
oaiaa. Aaee/eia ?anoiaeia ia oneoae ii eniieueciaaieth ieaoaaeiuo ea?o
oaaee/eeanue ia 11 362 ouny/e oaiaa n 19 240 ouny/ oaiaa a 2005 aiaeo
aei 30 602 ouny/ oaiaa a 2006 aiaeo. ?an/aoiua iia?aoeee aaiea oaeaea
auee oaaee/aiu – n 21 043 ouny/ oaiaa aei 26 867 ouny/ oaiaa, eciaiaiea
ninoaaeei 5 824 ouny/ oaiaa. ?anoiaeu ia iia?aoeee n oeaiiuie aoiaaaie
auee oaaee/aiu ia 7 337 ouny/ oaiaa – n 7 897 ouny/ oaiaa 2005 aiaea,
aei 15 234 ouny/ oaiaa a 2006 aiaeo. Eanniaua iia?aoeee oaaee/eeenue ia
2 527 ouny/ oaiaa – a 2006 aiaeo iie ninoaaeee 9 412 ouny/ oaiaa, a a
2005 aiaeo ninoaaeyee 6 885 ouny/ oaiaa. Eanoiaeeaeueiua oneoae
oaaee/eeenue ia 595 ouny/ oaiaa (oaii i?e?inoa ninoaaee 619,8 %) aei 691
ouny/ oaiaa a 2006 aiaeo n 96 ouny/ oaiaa a 2005 aiaeo.
Iaeiaei i?iaaaeaiea aeieoiaioa?iuo iia?aoeee a 2006 aiaeo aiiaua
i?ae?aoeeinue, iiyoiio eciaiaiea auei io?aaeaii a noi?iio oiaiueoaiey, a
a 2005 aiaeo yoio iieacaoaeue ninoaaeye 1 572 ouny/ oaiaa.
I?i/ea ?anoiaeu oaaee/eeenue ia 658 ouny/ oaiaa, n 992 ouny/ oaiaa a
2005 aiaeo, aei 1 650 ouny/ oaiaa a 2006 aiaeo, i?ioeaio ?inoa ninoaaee
166,33 %.
Eae ecaanoii, eiiia?/aneea aaiee oaeaea iieo/atho aeioiae io iia?aoeee n
oeaiiuie aoiaaaie. *enoay i?eaueue aaiea, ioiinyuayny e aeoeeiia?ai
iaoa?eineie eiiiaiee ca 2005 aiae ninoaaeea 2 116 648 ouny/ oaiaa, ca
2006 aiae – 2 999 266 ouny/ oaiaa, oaii ?inoa ninoaaee 141,70 % eee 882
618 oaiaa. N?aaeiaacaaoaiiia eiee/anoai i?inouo aeoeee aeey ?an/aoa
aaciaie e ?acaiaeiaiiie i?eauee ia aeoeeth a 2006 aiaeo ninoaaeei 9 992
ouny/ oaiaa, oiaaea eae a 2005 aiaeo aeaiiue iieacaoaeue ninoaaeye 4 511
ouny/ oaiaa, eciaiaiea ninoaaeei 5 481 ouny/ oaiaa eee 221,50 %.
Aaciaay e ?acaiaeiaiiay i?eaueue ia aeoeeth a 2005 e 2006 aiaeao
ninoaaeyee 469 e 300 ouny/ oaiaa niioaaonoaaiii.
Oeiainiaua aeoeau, io?aaeaaiua ii ni?aaaaeeeaie noieiinoe /a?ac i?eauee
e oauoee, i?aaenoaaeaiu aeieaiauie oeaiiuie aoiaaaie, aeoeeyie e
i?iecaiaeiuie oeiainiauie eino?oiaioaie.
Oeiainiaua aeoeau, o/eouaaaiua ii ni?aaaaeeeaie noieiinoe /a?ac i?eauee
e oauoee, i?aaenoaaeytho niaie i?iecaiaeiua oeiainiaua eino?oiaiou eee
oeaiiua aoiaae, i?eia?aoaiiua n iniiaiie oeaeueth i?iaeaaee/iiaaoaiey a
oa/aiea ei?ioeiai ia?eiaea, eee yaeythony /anoueth ii?ooaey
eaeaioeoeoee?oaiuo oeiainiauo eino?oiaioia, oi?aaeaiea eioi?uie
inouanoaeyaony niaianoii, e no?oeoo?a eioi?iai oaeoe/anee
naeaeaoaeuenoaoao i iaia?aiee iieo/aiey i?eauee a e?aoein?i/iie
ia?niaeoeaa, eee oeiainiauie aeoeaaie, eioi?ua ia?aiia/aeueii
io?aaeathony aaieii eae oeiainiaua aeoeau, o/eouaaaiua ii ni?aaaaeeeaie
noieiinoe /a?ac i?eauee e oauoee, ioeaieaathony ia?aiia/aeueii e
aiineaaenoaee ii ni?aaaaeeeaie noieiinoe. Aeey ii?aaeaeaiey
ni?aaaaeeeaie noieiinoe aeoeaia, io?aaeaaiuo ii ni?aaaaeeeaie noieiinoe
/a?ac i?eauee eee oauoee, aaie eniieuecoao ?uii/iua eioe?iaee. Aaie ia
i?iecaiaeeo ?aeeanneoeeaoeeth oeiainiauo eino?oiaioia a aeaiioth
eaoaai?eth eee ec aeiiie eaoaai?ee a oa/aiea ia?eiaea aeaaeaiey aeaiiuie
oeiainiauie eino?oiaioaie.
Aaie eniieuecoao i?iecaiaeiua oeiainiaua eino?oiaiou aeey oi?aaeaiey
aaethoiui ?eneii e ?eneii eeeaeaeiinoe. I?iecaiaeiua oeiainiaua
eino?oiaiou eniieuecothony aaieii a iniiaiii a oi?aiauo oeaeyo e
aeeth/atho a naay oi?aa?aeiua eiio?aeou ii iia?aoeeyi n eiino?aiiie
aaethoie, ae?aaioeaiiuie iaoaeeaie e oeaiiuie aoiaaaie. Aaie ia
eniieuecoao i?iecaiaeiua oeiainiaua eino?oiaiou aeey oeaeae
oaaeaee?iaaiey.
Iaeaieaa iiae?iaii aeaiioth no?oeoo?o iiaeii ?anniio?aoue ieaea, a
oaaeeoea 9.
Oaaeeoea 9 – Oeiainiaua aeoeau ii ni?aaaaeeeaie noieiinoe /a?ac i?eauee
e oauoee A ouny/ao oaiaa
IieacaoaeeIa 31.12.2005 aiaeaIa 31.12.2006 aiaeaIoeeiiaiea (+,-) ia
2005-2006 aiaeaAeieaiaua oeaiiua aoiaae9 224 07912 702 1153 478
036Aeoeee167 7481 427 5311 259 783I?iecaiaeiua oeiainiaua
eino?oiaiou888– 888Eoiai oeiainiaua aeoeau ii ni?aaaaeeeaie noieiinoe
/a?ac i?eauee e oauoee9 392 71514 129 6464 736 931Ii ninoiyieth ia 31
aeaeaa?y 2006 e 2005 aiaeia a noieiinoue aeoeaia, i?aaeiacia/aiiuo aeey
oi?aiaee, aeeth/ai ia?auaiiue i?ioeaioiue aeioiae ii aeieaiaui oeaiiui
aoiaaai ia iauoth noiio 244 285 ouny/ oaiaa e 60 024 ouny/ oaiaa
niioaaonoaaiii.
Aieaa iiae?iaii ?anniio?aoue no?oeoo?o ii?ooaey aeieaiauo oeaiiuo aoiaa
iiaeii a oaaeeoea 10.
Oaaeeoea 10 – Aeieaiaua oeaiiua aoiaae ii ni?aaeaeeeaie noieiinoe /a?ac
i?eauee e oauoee A ouny/aeo oaiaa
Aeieaiaua oeaiiua aoiaaeI?ioeaioiay noaaea e iiieiaeo, %Ia 31.12.2005
aiaeaI?ioeaioiay noaaea e iiieiaeo, %Ia 31.12.2006 aiaeaEi?ii?aoeaiua
iaeeaaoeee8,0 – 9,57 843 5578,0 – 12,011 105 043Iaeeaaoeee Ieienoa?noaa
oeiainia ?E 4,0 – 8,35610 7174,05 – 6,681 597 072Aa?iiaeoaaoeee
Ieienoa?noaa oeiainia ?E11,13652 732–Iiou Iaoeeiiaeueiiai Aaiea ?E-117
073–Eoiai -9 224 079-12 702 115
Eae aeaeii ec oaaeeoeu, a 2006 aiaeo aa?iiaeeaaoeee IO?E e iiou IA?E
aiiaua ia eniieueciaaeenue, iniiaiie oii? aeaeaeny ia ei?ii?aoeaiua
iaeeaaoeee (11 105 043 ouny/ oaiaa) e iaeeaaoeee IO?E (1 597 072 ouny/
oaiaa). Anee n?aaieoue i?ioeaioiua noaee ii iei ca 2005 e 2006 aiaea, iu
oaeaeei, /oi noaaee ii ei?ii?aoeaiui iaeeaaoeeyi a 2006 aiaeo(8 – 12 %)
auee auoa /ai a 2005 aiaeo (8 – 9,5 %), a aaee/eia iaeeaaoeee iai?ioea –
a 2006 aiaeo ia 3 261 486 ouny/ oaiaa i?aainoiaeeea oio aea iieacaoaeue
2005 aiaea. Iaeiaei noaaee ii iaeeaaoeeyi Ieienoa?noaa oeiainia ?E a
2006 aiaeo (4,05 – 6,68 %) auee ieaea /ai a 2005 aiaeo (4 – 8,35 %), ii
aaee/eia iaeeaaoeee IO?E i?aiaeaaeaea ana aea a 2006 aiaeo – 1 597 072
ouny/e oaiaa, ii n?aaiaieth n 2005 aiaeie – 610 717 ouny/ oaiaa.
*oi aea eanaaony aeoeee, oi eo no?oeoo?a i?aaenoaaeaia a oaaeeoea 11.
Oaaeeoea 11 – Aeoeee ii ni?aaaaeeeaie noieiinoe A ouny/ao oaiaa
AeoeeeIa 31.12.2005 aiaeaIa 31.12.2006 aiaeaIoeeiiaiea (+,-) ia
2005-2006 aiaeaAI «AOO Aaie»-521 882521 882AI «Eaceiiia?oeaaie»101
456317 882216 425AI «?acaaaeea, aeiau/a EacIoiaeAac» -244 213244 213AI
«Eacoeeie»-178 559178 559AI «Aaie Oeaio? E?aaeeo»-101 366101 366AI
«Eacaooaeaeii»-61 74061 740Aeoeee AI «AaethoO?aiceo Aaie»66 292– 66
292I?i/aa-2 2002 200Eoiai aeoeee167 7481 427 5311 259 783
Eae aeaeii ec oaaeeoeu, /enei aeoeeiia?ia oaaee/eaaaony, iai?eia? a 2006
aiaeo aea?aeaoaeyie aeoeee AI «Oaii?aaie» noaiiayony ana iiaua e iiaua
aaiee: «AOO Aaie», «Aaie Oeaio? E?aaeeo»; i?aaiecaoeee AI «?acaaaeea,
aeiau/a EacIoiaeAac», AI «Eacoeeie», AI «Eacaooaeaeii», a oaeaea noaouey
i?i/aa. A 2005 aiaeo cia/aiea aeaiiiai iieacaoaey ii AI
«Eaceiiia?oeaaie» ninoaaeyei 101 456 ouny/ oaiaa, a 2006 aiaeo aeaiiue
iieacaoaeue ninoaaee 317 882 ouny/ oaiaa, eciaiaiea ninoaaeyei 216 213
ouny/ oaiaa, oaii i?e?inoa ninoaaeye 213, 32 %. Iaeiaei noieo ioiaoeoue,
/oi AI «AaethoO?aiceo Aaie», eiaaoee 66 292 ouny/ aeoeee a 2005 aiaeo, a
2006 aiaeo aeoeee oaea ia eiaao.
Eioi?iaoeeth i i?iecaiaeiuo oeiainiauo eino?oiaioao iiaeii oaeaeaoue a
oaaeeoea 12.
Oaaeeoea 12 – I?iecaiaeiua oeiainiaua eino?oiaiou A ouny/ao oaiaa
Eiio?aeou ia iieoieo/i?iaeaaeo eiino?aiiie aaethouIa 31.12.2005 aiaeaIa
31.12.2006 aiaeaIiieiaeueiay noieiinoueNi?aaaaeeeaay noieiinoue
iaooiIiieiaeueiay noieiinoueNi?aaaaeeeaay noieiinoue
iaooiAeoeaIaycaoaeuenoaiAeoeaIaycaoaeuenoaiOi?aa?aeu4 020 900–8 301
700-33 368Naiiu991 502168-1 919 750-262Niiou1 271 160720—-Eoiai 6 283
562888-10 221 450-33 630
Eae aeaeii ec oaaeeoeu, a 2006 aiaeo iiieiaeueiay noieiinoue
i?iecaiaeiuo oeiainiauo eino?oiaioia ninoaaeea 10 221 450 ouny/ oaiaa, a
a 2005 aiaeo yoio iieacaoaeue ninoaaeye 6 283 562 ouny/e oaiaa,
eciaiaiea ninoaaeei 3 937 888 ouny/ oaiaa (162,67 %).
A oiaea naiae iau/iie aeayoaeueiinoe aaie ?aciauaao n?aaenoaa e
inouanoaeyao aeeaaeu a ae?oaea aaiee ia ?aciua n?iee. N?aaenoaa a aaieao
o/eouaathony ii aii?oece?iaaiiie noieiinoe ia iniiaa iaoiaea yooaeoeaiie
i?ioeaioiie noaaee, anee ii iei onoaiiaeaiu oeene?iaaiiua n?iee
iiaaoaiey. N?aaenoaa, aeey eioi?uo ia onoaiiaeaiiua oeene?iaaiiua n?iee
iiaaoaiey, io?aaeathony a o/aoa ii aii?oece?iaaiiie noieiinoe ia iniiaa
iaeeaeaaiuo n?ieia ?aaeecaoeee oaeeo aeoeaia. N?aaenoaa a aaieao
io?aaeathony ca au/aoii ?aca?aia iiae iaanoeaiaiea (i?e iaee/ee
oaeiaiai).
Iiae?iaiaa no?oeoo?o n?aaenoa, i?aaeinoaaeyaiuo aaieai iiaeii
?anniio?aoue a oaaeeoea 13
Oaaeeoea 13 – Caeiu e n?aaenoaa, i?aaeinoaaeyaiua aaieai ca 2005 – 2006
aiaea
A ouny/ao oaiaa
IieacaoaeeIa 31.12.2005 aiaeaIa 31.12.2006 aiaeaIoeeiiaiea (+,-) ca 2005
– 2006 aiaeaCaeiu, i?aaeinoaaeaiiua ii niaeaoaieyi ia?aoiiai ?AII1 502
05910 382 8488 880 789Ei??aiiiaeaioneea n/aoa e aeeaaeu «iaa?iaeo» a
ae?oaeo aaieao5 011 1951 448 201- 3 562 994Oaeouea n?i/iua ?aciauaiey
aaieao2 773 8651 550 166- 1 223 699Ca au/aoii ?aca?aia iiae iaanoeaiaiea
— 49 114- 49 114Eoiai caeiu e n?aaenoaa, i?aaeinoaaeaiiua aaieai 9 287
11913 332 1014 044 982
Nnoaeu e n?aaenoaa, i?aaeinoaaeaiiua aaieai ia 2006 aiae ninoaaeee 13
332 101 ouny/ oaiaa, a 2005 aiaeo aeaiiue iieacaoaeue ninoaaeye 9 287
119 ouny/ oaiaa, eciaiaiea ninoaaeei 4 044 982 ouny/ oaiaa (143,55 %).
N/aoa a aaieao-ei??aniiiaeaioao ninoaaeee 1 448 201 ouny/ oaiaa, a oi
a?aiy eae a 2005 aiaeo aeaiiue iieacaoaeue ninoaaeye 5 011 195 ouny/
oaiaa, eciaiaiea a noi?iio oiaiueoaiey ninoaaeei 3 562 994 ouny/ oaiaa.
Iia?aoeee ia?aoiiai ?AII ninoaaeee a 2006 aiaeo 10 382 848 ouny/ oaiaa,
/oi ia 8 880 789 ouny/ oaiaa iaiueoa oiai aea iieacaoaey a 2005 aiaeo,
ninoaaeyaoaai 1 502 059 ouny/ oaiaa. Au/aoia iiae iaanoeaiaiea a 2005
aiaeo ia auei, iaeiaei a 2006 aiaeo aeaiiue iieacaoaeue ninoaaee 49 114
ouny/ oaiaa.
Ii ninoiyieth ia 31 aeaeaa?y 2006 e 2005 aiaeia caeiu e n?aaenoaa,
i?aaeinoaaeaiiua aaieai aeeth/atho ia/eneaiiua i?ioeaiou ia noiio 29 978
ouny/ oaiaae 63 738 ouny/ oaiaa niioaaonoaaiii.
Caeiu e n?aaenoaa, i?aaeinoaaeyaiua eeeaioai i?aaenoaaeytho niaie
oeiainiaua aeoeau, nicaeaiiua aaieii iin?aaenoaii i?aaeinoaaeaiey aeaiaa
iaiin?aaenoaaiii caaiueeo eee o/anoey a neiaeeoee?iaaiiuo caeiao.
Caeiu n oeene?iaaiiuie n?ieaie iiaaoaiey, i?aaeinoaaeaiiua aaieii,
ia?aiia/aeueii io?aaeathony a o/aoa ii ni?aaaaeeeaie noieiinoe iethn
iiianaiiua iia?aoeeiiiua ecaea?aeee, iaiin?aaenoaaiii naycaiiua n
i?eia?aoaieai eee nicaeaieai oaeeo oeiainiauo aeoeaia. A neo/aa, anee
ni?aaaaeeeaay noieiinoue i?aaeinoaaeaiiuo n?aaenoa ia ?aaia
ni?aaaaeeeaie noieiinoe caeia, iai?eia?, a neo/aa i?aaeinoaeaiey caeiia
ii noaaea ieaea ?uii/iie, a eiinieeaee?iaaiiii io/aoa i i?eaueyo e
oauoeao io?aaeaaony ?acieoea iaaeaeo ni?aaaaeeeaie noieiinoueth
i?aaenoaaeaiiuo n?aaenoa e ni?aaaaeeeaie noieiinoueth caeia. A
iineaaeothuai, caeiu io?aaeathony ii aii?oeciaaiiie noieiinoe n
eniieueciaaieai iaoiaea yooaeoeaiie oi?ioeaioiie noaaee. Caeiu,
i?aaeinoaaeaiiua eeeaioai, io?aaeathony ca au/aoii ?aca?aia iiae
iaanoeaiaiea.
No?oeoo?a caeiia, i?aaeinoaaeaiiuo eeeaioai i?aaenoaaeaia ieaea – a
oaaeeoea 14.
Oaaeeoea 14 – Caeiu, i?aaeinoaaeaiiua eeeaioai ca 2005-2006 aiaea A
ouny/ao oaiaa
IieacaoaeeIa 31.12.2005 aiaeaIa 31.12.2006 aiaeaIoeeiiaiea (+,-) ia 2005
– 2006 aiaeaCaeiu auaeaiiua47 292 769149 779 833102 487 064Eiaanoeoeee a
oeiainiaue eeceia1 721 639– 1 721 639Caeiu i?aaeinoaaeaiiua ii
niaeaoaieyi ia?aoiiai ?AII2 661 4863 133 471471 985?aca?au iiae
iaanoeaiaiea- 4 451 446- 1 862 4222 589 024Eoiai caeiu, i?aaeinoaaeaiiua
eeeaioai49 813 472148 461 85898 648 586
Ii ninoiyieth ia 31.12.2006 aiaea aaeiaua nnoaeu eeeaioai ninoaaeee 148
461 858 ouny/ oaiaa, /oi ia 98 648 585 ouny/ oaiaa auoa ii n?aaiaieth n
2005 aiaeii (47 292 769 ouny/ oaiaa). Nnoaeu eeeaioai, ca au/aoii
?aca?aia iiae iaanoeaiaiea a 2006 aiaeo, oaaee/eeenue ia 102 487 064
ouny/ oaiaa, ii n?aaiaieth n 2005 aiaeii (47 292 769 ouny/ oaiaa),
ninoaaea 149 779 833 ouny/ oaiaa. Oaeaea oaaee/eeenue e caeiu,
i?aaeinoaaeaiiua ii niaeaoaieyi ia?aoiiai ?AII, ninoaaeaoea a 2006 aiaeo
3 133 471 ouny/ oaiaa, ii n?aaiaieth n 2005 aiaeii, n iieacaoaeai a 2
661 486 ouny/ oaiaa; eciaiaiea ninoaaeei 471 985 ouny/ oaiaa.
Neaaeoao caiaoeoue, /oi ?aca?au iiae iaanoeaiaiea a 2006 aiaeo
oiaiueoeeenue ia 2 589 024 ouny/ oaiaa ii n?aaiaieth n 2005 aiaeii ( – 4
451 446 ouny/ oaiaa), ninoaaea – 1 862 422 ouny/ oaiaa, /oi aaconeiaii
yaeyaony iieiaeeoaeueiui yaeaieai.
Aaie nicaeaao ?aca?a iiae iaanoeaiaiea ii oeiainiaui aeoeaai, eiaaea
nouanoaoao iauaeoeaiia naeaeaoaeuenoai ia iaanoeaiaiee aeoeaa eee a?oiiu
aeoeaia. ?aca?a iiae iaanoeaiaiea oeiainiauo aeoeaia i?aaenoaaeyao niaie
?acieoeo iaaeaeo aaeainiaie noieiinoueth aeoeaa e oaeouae noieiinoueth
i?iaiice?oaiuo aoaeoueo aeaiaaeiuo iinooieaiee, aeeth/ay noiiu,
iaeeaeaaiua e iieo/aieth ii aa?aioeyi e iaania/aieth, aeeneiioe?iaaiiuo
n eniieueciaaiei ia?aiia/aeueiie yooaeoeaiie i?ioeaioiie noaaee ii
aeaiiiio oeiainiaiio eino?oiaioo, eioi?ue io?aaeaaony ii
aii?oece?iaaiiie noieiinoe. Anee a iineaaeothuai ia?eiaea aaee/eia
iaanoeaiaiey nieaeaaony, e oaeia nieaeaiea iiaeii iauaeoeaii naycaoue n
niauoeai, i?iecioaaeoei iinea i?eciaiey iaanoeaiaiey, oi ?aiaa
i?eciaiiue oauoie io iaanoeaiaiey ainnoaiaaeeaaaony n ei??aeoe?iaeie
n/aoa ?aca?aa. Aeey oeiainiauo eino?oiaioia, io?aaeathueony ii
naaanoieiinoe, ?aca?a iiae iaanoeaiaiea i?aaenoaaeyao niaie ?acieoeo
iaaeaeo aaeainiaie noieiinoueth oeiainiaiai aeoeaa e oaeouae
noieiinoueth i?aaeiieaaaaiuo aoaeoueo aeaiaaeiuo iioieia,
aeeneiioe?iaaiiuo n eniieueciaaieai oaeouae ?uii/iie noaaee i?ioeaioa
aeey aiaeiae/iiai oeiainiaiai eino?oiaioa. Oaeie oauoie io iaanoeaiaiey
aiineaaenoaee ia ainnoaiaaeeaaaony.
?an/ao ?aca?aa i?iecaiaeeony iiae iaanoeaiaiea ia iniiaaiee aiaeeca
aeoeaia, iiaeoaa?aeaeaiiuo ?eneaie, e io?aaeaao noiio, aeinoaoi/ioth, ii
iiaieth ?oeiaiaenoaa, aeey iie?uoey i?iecioaaeoeo iioa?ue. ?aca?au
?ann/eouaathony ia iniiaa eiaeeaeaeoaeueiie ioeaiee aeoeaia,
iiaeaa?aeaiiuo ?eneai aeey oeiainiauo aeoeaia, eioi?ua yaeythony
nouanoaaiiuie, e ia iniiaa eiaeeaeaeoaeueiie eee eieeaeoeaiie ioeaiee
aeey oeiainiauo aeoeaia, eioi?ua yaeythony nouanoaaiiuie, e ia iniiaa
eiaeeaeaeoaeueiie eee eieeaeoeaiie ioeaiee aeey oeiainiauo aeoeaia,
eioi?ua ia yaeythony nouanoaaiiuie.
Ii ninoiyieth ia 31 aeaeaa?y 2006 e 2005 aiaeia, ia/eneaiiue i?ioeaioiue
aeioiae, aeeth/aiiue a caeiu, i?aaeinoaaeaiiua eeeaioai, ninoaaeye 2 011
658 ouny/ oaiaa e 1 098 572 ouny/ oaiaa niioaaonoaaiii.
Ii ninoiyieth ia 31 aeaeaa?y 2006 e 2005 aiaeia, caeiu ii eioi?ui auei
i?einoaiiaeaii ia/eneaiea i?ioeaioia ninoaaeyei 816 007 ouny/ oaiaa e
810 712 ouny/ oaiaa niioaaonoaaiii.
Neaaeoao caiaoeoue, oi iaiaeiaaaeioth ?ieue ea?atho eiaanoeoeee a
annioeee?iaaiiua eiiiaiee.
Annioeee?iaaiiie yaeyaony eiiiaiey, ia oeiainiaoth e iia?aoeeiiioth
aeayoaeueiinoue eioi?ie aaie ieacuaaao nouanoaaiiia aeeyiea, e eioi?ay
ia yaeyaony ie aei/a?iae eiiiaieae, ie aeieae o/anoey a niaianoiie
aeayoaeueiinoe.
?acoeueoaou aeayoaeueiinoe, aeoeau e iaycaoaeuenoaa annioeee?iaaiiuo
eiiiaiee aeeth/aiu a aeaiioth eiinieeaee?iaaiioth oeiainiaoth
io/aoiinoue ia iniiaa iaoiaea aeieaaiai o/anoey.
Eiaanoeoeee a annioeee?iaaiiua eiiiaiee o/eouaathony ia aaeaina ii
noieiinoe i?eia?aoaiey, nei??aeoe?iaaiiie n o/aoii eciaiaiey aeiee aaiea
a /enouo aeoeaao annioeee?iaaiiie eiiiaiee iinea i?eia?aoaiey, ca
au/aoii iaanoeaiaiey ioaeaeueiuo aeiaeaiee. Oauoee annioeee?iaaiiuo
eiiiaiee a /anoe, i?aauoathuae aeieth aaiea a oaeeo annioeee?iaaiiuo
eiiiaieyo, ia i?eciathony.
?acieoea, ia eioi?oth noieiinoue i?eia?aoaiey eaeaioeoeoee?oaiuo
aeoeaia, iaycaoaeuenoa e oneiaiuo iaycaoaeuenoa annioeee?iaaiiuo
eiiiaiee i?aauoaao aeieth aaiea a eo ni?aaaaeeeaie noieiinoe ia aeaoo
i?eia?aoaieyTH i?aaenoaaeyao niaie aeaeiaoth ?aiooaoeeth. ?acieoea, ia
eioi?oth ni?aaaaeeeaay noieiinoue aeiee aaiea a eaeaioeoeoee?oaiuo
aeoeaao, iaycaoaeuenoaao annioeee?iaaiiie eiiiaiee i?aauoaao noieiinoue
i?eia?aoaiey (o.a. aeeneiio i?ei?eia?aoaiee) io?aaeathony a
eiinieeaee?iaaiiii io/aoa i i?eaueyo e oauoeao a ia?eiae i?eia?aoaiey.
I?eauee e oauoee ii ?acoeueoaoai iia?aoeee eiiiaiee, aoiaeyueo a aaie, n
annioeee?iaaiiuie eiiiaieyie eneeth/athony a i?eiaaeeaaeauae aaieo aeiea
a eaieoaea aeaiiie annioeee?iaaiiie eiiiaiee. Oauoee annioeee?iaaiiie
eiiiaiee iiaoo naeaeaoaeuenoaiaaoue ia iaanoeaiaiee eiaanoeoeee a aa
eaieoae. A yoii neo/aa oi?ie?oaony ?aca?a iiae iaanoeaiaiea.
Aeaeaa, a oaaeeoea 15 iiaeii aoaeao oaeaeaoue eaeea eiiiaiee auee
io?aaeaiu a io/aoiinoe aaiea ii iaoiaeo aeieaaiai o/anoey.
Oaaeeoea 15 – Annioeee?iaaiiua eiiiaiee, aeieaaia o/anoea A ouny/ao
oaiaa
EiiiaieeIa 31.12.2005 aiaeaIa 31.12.2006 aiaeaAeiey o/anoey %ouny/
oaiaaAeiey o/anoey %ouny/ oaiaaAI «Eiyeneiaaie»46839 30746883 719AI
«Oaii?eeceia»–43,87731 904AIO ei. Eoiaaaa Ae.A.3478 592–Eoiai-917 8991
615 623
Eae aeaeii ec oaaeeoeu, iaeaeueoaa o/anoea (883 719 ouny/ oaiaa) a 2006
aiaeo iaaethaeaaony a AI «Eiyeneiaaie», aeiey o/anoey ninoaaeyea 46 %.
Oaeaea a 2006 aiaeo, a ioee/ea oio 2005 aiaea, aaie i?eiye o/anoea a
eiaanoe?iaaiee eiiiaiee AI «Oaii?eeceia», aeiey o/anoey ninoaaeea 43,87
% eee 731 904 ouny/e oaiaa. Noieo ioiaoeoue, /oi a aeaeaa?a 2006 aiaea
AI «Oaii?aaie» i?iaeae aeoeee eiiiaiee AI «Oaii?eeceia», a ?acoeueoaoa
/aai i?iecioea iioa?y eiio?iey e i?eciaiea inoaaoaeny i?iii?oeeiiaeueiie
aeiee ni?aaaaeeeaie noieiinoe eaeaioeoeoee?oaiuo aeoeaia, iaycaoaeuenoa
e oneiaiuo iaycaoaeuenoa i?iaeaiiie eiiiaiee (43,87 %).
Iaeiaei, a eiaanoe?iaaiee eiiiaiee AIO ei Eoiaaaa Ae.A. a 2006 aiaeo AI
«Oaii?aaie» o/anoey ia i?eieiae, i?e oii, /oi a 2005 aiaeo aeiey o/anoey
ninoaaeyea 34 % eee 78 592 ouny/ oaiaa. Yoi iauyniyaony oai, /oi aaie
i?iaeae i?eiaaeeaaeauea aio aeoeee AIO ei. Eoiaaaa Ae.A. o?aoueae
noi?iia ca 109 388 ouny/ oaiaa. Aeioiae io i?iaeaaee eiaanoeoeee
ninoaaee 452 ouny/e oaiaa.
Aeiey o/anoey a auoaoeacaiiuo annioeee?iaaiiuo eiiiaieyo i?aaenoaaeyao
niaie i?yiia e einaaiiia o/anoea.
Eciaiaiey a iauaiao eiaanoeoeee a eiiiaiee ii iaoiaeo aeieaaiai o/anoey
io?aaeaiu ieaea – a oaaeeoea 16.
Oaaeeoea 16 – Eciaiaiey a eiaanoe?iaaiee a annioeee?iaaiiua eiiiaiee ia
ia/aei e eiiaoe 2005 e 2006 aiaeia A ouny/ao oaiaa
Iieacaoaee2005 aiae2006 aiaeIoeeiiaiea (+,-) ca 2005 – 2006 aiaeaIa
ia/aei aiaea400 718917 899517 181Cao?aou ia i?eia?aoaiea455 10630 795-
424 311I?iaeaaea eiaanoeoeee–109 051- 109 051Aeiey annioeee?iaaiiuo
eiiiaiee107 86591 564- 16 301Inoaaoayny i?iii?oeeiiaeueiay aeiey /enoie
ni?aaaaeeeaie noieiinoe eaeaioeoeoee?oaiuo aeoeaia, iaycaoaeuenoa,
oneiaiuo iaycaoaeuenoa i?iaeaiiie aei/a?iae i?aaiecaoeee-767 767767
767Aeeaeaeaiaeu io o/anoey a annioeee?iaaiiuo eiiiieyo- 45 790- 83 351-
37 561Ia eiiaoe aiaea917 8991615623697 724
Eae aeaeii ec oaaeeoeu, ia ia/aei 2006 aiaea (917 899 ouny/ oaiaa)
cao?aou ia i?eia?aoaiea aeoeee eiiiaiee ia 517 181 ouny/ oaiaa aieueoa,
/ai ia ia/aei 2005 aiaea (400 718 ouny/ oaiaa). Cao?aou ia i?eia?aoaiea
aeoeee a 2006 aiaeo auee ia 424 311 ouny/ oaiaa iaiueoa, /ai a
i?aaeuaeouai aiaeo e ninoaaeee 30 795 ouny/ oaiaa i?ioea 455 106 ouny/
oaiaa 2005 aiaea. Aeiey annioeee?iaaiiuo eiiiaiee a 2006 aiaeo oaeaea
ioee/aaony io iieacaoaey 2005 aiaea, eciaiaiea ninoaaeyao 16 301 ouny/
oaiaa, a 2005 aiaeo aeiey eiiiaiee ninoaaeyea 107 865 ouny/ oaiaa, a a
2006 aiaeo – 91 564 ouny/ oaiaa.
Inoaaoayny i?iii?oeeiiaeueiay aeiey ni?aaaaeeeaie noieiinoe aeoeaia,
iaycaoaeuenoa e oneiaiuo iaycaoaeuenoa i?iaeaiiie aei/a?iae eiiiaiee a
2006 aiaeo ninoaaeea 767 767 ouny/ oaiaa.
E?iia oiai, oioaeinue au ioiaoeoue no?oeoo?o i?i/eo aeoeaia AI
«Oaii?aaie». Aeaiiay no?oeoo?a i?aaenoaaeaia a oaaeeoea 17.
Oaaeeoea 17 – No?oeoo?a i?i/eo aeoeaia AI «Oaii?aaie» A ouny/ao oaiaa
IieacaoaeeIa 31.12.2005 aiaeaIa 31.12.2006 aiaeaIoeeiiaiea (+,-) ia
2005-2006 aiaeaIoeniua i?eiaaeeaaeiinoe e i?i/ea oiaa?ii-iaoa?eaeueiua
caianu 84 459640 031555 572Oi?aiaay aeaaeoi?neay caaeieaeaiiinoue58
017212 886154 869?anoiaeu aoaeoueo ia?eiaeia88 970142 18653
216Iaiaoa?eaeueiua aeoeau79 63796 68917 052Ia/eneaiiay eiienney17 98925
3227 333Caaeieaeaiiinoue ?aaioieeia7 51010 3712 861Aeaaeoi?neay
caaeieaeaiiinoue ii ieanoeeiaui ea?oai9 0579 930873Iaeiae aoaeoueo
ia?eiaeia4 2523 376- 876Ae?aaioeaiiua iaoaeeu1 153– 1 153I?i/aa9 47130
07820 607?aca?au iiae iaanoeaiaiea- 1 623- 3 193- 1570Eoiai i?i/ea
aeoeau358 8921 167 676808 784
Eae aeaeii ec oaaeeoeu, iauay noiia i?i/eo aeoeaia a 2006 aiaeo
ninoaaeyea 1 167 676 ouny/ oaiaa, /oi ia 808 784 ouny/ oaiaa (eee 325,36
%) aieueoa cia/aiey oie aea noaouee a 2005 aiaeo, ninoaaeyaooth 358 892
ouny/ oaiaa.
Ioeniua i?eiaaeeaaeiinoe e i?i/ea OIC a 2006 aiaeo ninoaaeee 640 031
ouny/ oaiaa, /oi ia 555 572 ouny/ oaiaa aieueoa oiai aea iieacaoaey 2005
aiaea (84 459 ouny/ oaiaa). Ii ninoiyieth ia 31 aeaeaa?y 2006 aiaea
ioeniua i?eiaaeeaaeiinoe e i?i/ea OIC aeeth/aee a naay caeiaiaia
eiouanoai, i?eiyoia ia aaeain aeey aeaeueiaeoae ?aaeecaoeee ia 565 530
ouny/ oaiaa.
Oi?aiaay aeaaeoi?neay caaeieaeaiiinoue a 2006 aiaeo aic?inea ia 154 869
ouny/ oaiaa ii n?aaiaieth n 2005 aiaeii (58 017 ouny/ oaiaa) e ninoaaeea
212 886 ouny/ oaiaa (oaii i?e?inoa ninoaaee 266,94 %), /oi yaeyaony
io?eoeaoaeueiui iiiaioii. ?anoiaeu aoaeoueo ia?eiaeia oaeaea aic?inee e
ninoaaeee 142 186 ouny/ oaiaa a 2006 aiaeo, ii n?aaiaieth n
?acoeueoaoaie 2005 aiaea – 88 970 ouny/ oaiaa. ?acieoea ninoaaeea 53 216
ouny/ oaiaa, oaii i?e?inoa – 59,81 %.
Iaiaoa?eaeueiua aeoeau a 2006 aiaeo oaaee/eeenue aei 96 689 ouny/ oaiaa
n 79 637 ouny/ oaiaa, eiaaoeony a 2005 aiaeo, eciaiaiea ninoaaeei 17 052
ouny/ oaiaa eee 121,41 %. Oaaee/eeanue e ia/eneaiiay eiienney (eciaiaiea
ninoaaeei 7 333 ouny/ oaiaa), ninoaaeaoay a 2006 aiaeo 25 322 ouny/
oaiaa, ii n?aaiaieth n 2005 aiaeii, aaea ia/eneaiiay eiienney ninoaaeyea
17 989 ouny/ oaiaa.
A 2006 aiaeo aei 10 371 ouny/ oaiaa oaaee/eeanue caaeieaeaiiinoue
?aaioieeia, ii n?aaiaieth n 2005 aiaeii, n aai iieacaoaeai a 7 510 ouny/
oaiaa, eciaiaiea ninoaaeei 2 861 ouny/ oaiaa. Aeaaeoi?neay
caaeieaeaiiinoue ii ieanoeeiaui ea?oai a 2006 aiaeo ninoaaeea 9 930
ouny/ oaiaa, oiaaea eae a 2005 aiaeo yoio iieacaoaeue ?aaiyeny 9 057
ouny/ oaiaa, eciaiaiea ninoaaeei 873 ouny/ oaiaa. Iaeiae aoaeoueo
ia?eiaeia auee nieaeaiu n 4 252 ouny/ oaiaa aei 3 376 ouny/ oaiaa a 2006
aiaeo, eciaiaiea a noi?iio oiaiueoaiey ninoaaeei 876 ouny/ oaiaa.
Ae?aaioeaiiua iaoaeeu, noaey ii eiathueiny aeaiiui a 2006 aiaeo a
oaeoeaa ia eiaeenue, oioy a 2005 aiaeo eo noieiinoue ninoaaeyea 1 153
ouny/ oaiaa.
Oaaee/eeanue noaouey i?i/aa n 9 471 ouny/ oaiaa 2005 aiaea aei 30 078
ouny/ oaiaa a 2006 aiaeo eciaiaiea ninoaaeei 20 607 ouny/ oaiaa, eee
317,58 %.
Ec anae i?aaenoaaeaiiie auoa eioi?iaoeee ia aeoeaao e aeoeaiuo
iia?aoeeyo AI «Oaii?aaie» iiaeii naeaeaoue neaaeothuea auaiaeu.
2006 aiae aue aiaeii i?iaeieaeathuaainy aunieiai ?inoa yeiiiieee,
nii?iaiaeaeaaoeeny ?inoii aeioiaeia ianaeaiey, i?iaeieaeae inoaaaoueny
oaeoi?ii, niinianoaiaaaoei iiaeaea?aeaieth aeaaii?eyoiie iia?aoeeiiiie
n?aaeu.
A 2005 aiaeo auea nouanoaaiii ia?aniio?aia no?aoaaey Aaiea e auee
i?aaei?eiyou ia?u, niinianoaothuea inouanoaeaieth ?yaea iaia/aiiuo ia?
ii aai iiceoeeiie?iaaieth a ea/anoaa ia?aiai aeaenoaeoaeueii ?icie/iiai
aaiea ia ?uiea. Oae aea aue i?iaaaeai aiaeec i?iaecee e naeaeaiu
niioaaonoaothuea aeiiieieoaeueiua ei??aeoe?iaee ii e?aaeeoai, auaeaiiui
a i?aaeuaeouea io/aoiua ia?eiaeu, n oeaeueth oi?aaeaeaiey aiciaeiiai
oooaeoaiey ii?ooaey a aoaeouai. A oa/aiea 2006 aiaea auea i?iaeaia
/anoue aeoeaia, aeaaoay aiciiaeiinoue aunaiaiaeeoue aeiiieieoaeueiue
eaieoae aeey oeiaine?iaaiey ?ai?aaiecaoeee Aaiea.
A 2005 – 2006 aiaeao auea cia/eoaeueii oeo/oaia aeioiaeiinoue AI
«Oaii?aaie». *enoay i?eaueue aaiea a 2006 aiaeo ninoaaeea 3 071 810
ouny/ oaiaa, a 2005 aiaeo iia ninoaaeyea 2 518 781 ouny/ oaiaa (aeey
n?aaiaiey e ninoaaeaiey aieaa /aoeie ea?oeiu, neaaeoao oeacaoue, /oi a
2004 aiaeo aeaiiue iieacaoaeue ninoaaeye anaai 509 066 ouny/ oaiaa).
?ino /enoie i?eauee aue iaoneiaeai oaaee/aieai i?ioeaioiuo aeioiaeia a
?acia?a 15 659 568 ouny/ oaiaa e /enoiai iai?ioeaioiiai aeioiaea a
?acia?a 3 509 301 ouny/ oaiaa, auoa /ai a i?aaeuaeouea aiaeu. E?iia
oiai, ia oi?ie?iaaiea /enoie i?eauee iiaeeyee iinooieaiey iinooieaiey io
ioaee/iiai ?aciauaiey iaeaoa aeoeee aei/a?iae eiiiaiee. I?ioeaioiua
?anoiaeu ninoaaeee 8 235 308 ouny/ oaiaa, /oi ia 4 778 546 ouny/ oaiaa
aieueoa iieacaoaey 2005 aiaea, ninoaaeyaoaai 3 456 762 ouny/ oaiaa, /oi
iaoneiaeaii ?inoii aaeaina. A 2006 aiaeo, eae e a i?aaeuaeouea aiaea, AI
«Oaii?aaie» iieueciaaeny iaeiaiauie i?eaeeaaeyie ii aeioiaeai io
ii?ooaey ainoaea?noaaiiuo oeaiiuo aoiaa.
A ?aieao iiceoeeiie?iaaiey auei i?eiyoi ?aoaiea ia ioe?uoee a aeeaeaeoaa
a?aiy oeeeaeia a iaeioi?uo ai?iaeao Eacaonoaia, oaeeo eae Oa?ac, Aeoao,
AEaceacaai e Eucuei?aea, o.a. a a ?aeiiao n aunieie eiioeaio?aoeeae
?icie/iuo eeeaioia. Ieaie?oaony e aeaeueoa i?iaeieaeaoue ?aaioo a
aeaiiii iai?aaeaiee.
2.2 Aiaeec ?aioaaaeueiinoe AI «Oaii?aaie»
?aioaaaeueiinoue (aeioiaeiinoue) eiiia?/aneiai aaiea – iaeei ec iniiaiuo
noieiinoiuo iieacaoaeae yooaeoeaiie aaieianeie aeayoaeueiinoe.
?aioaaaeueiinoue aaiea iiaeii ?ann/eoaoue n iiiiuueth iaeioi?uo
iieacaoaeae, eioi?ua aoaeoo i?aaenoaaeaiu ieaea.
Iieacaoaeue /enoay ia?aea i?eauee aaiea (NPM) – iicaieyao ioeaieoue
iauoth i?eaueueiinoue aaiea, a oaeaea i?eaueue aaiea, i?eoiaeyuothny ia
1 oaiaa aeioiaea (aeiey i?eauee a aeioiaeao). ?ann/eoaoue aeaiiue
iieacaoaeue iiaeii ii oi?ioea 1
*enoay ia?aea = I?eaueue iinea oieaou iaeiaia o 100% (1) i?eauee aaiea
(NPM) Iia?aoeeiiiua aeioiaeu
Iiaenoaaea a oi?ioeo (1) iaiaoiaeeiua cia/aiey iieo/aai
NPM(2005 aiae.) = (3071810/7862477)*100 %= 39,07 %
NPM(2006 aiae) = (4898/(22 368+10 400))*100 %= 52,39 %
I?iaiaeece?iaaa ?acoeueoaou aeeiaieee eiyooeoeeaioa aeaeaai auaiae, /oi
i?eaueueiinoue aaiea nieceeanue. A 2004 aiaeo aeaiiue iieacaoaeue
ninoaaeye 18,72 %, o.a. iu aeaeei ?aceee nea/ie cia/aiey eiyooeoeeaioa a
2005 aiaeo, i?iecioaaeoei ec-ca iaaieueoiai ?acee/ey iaaeaeo
i?eaueueiinoueth iinea oieaou iaeiaia e iia?aoeeiiiuie aeioiaeaie, ii
n?aaiaieth n oaie aea iieacaoaeyie a 2006 aiaeo. Cia/aiea eiyooeoeeaioa
a 2006 aiaeo oiaiueoeeinue a 1,3 ?aca, o.e. iia?aoeeiiiua aeioiaeu
i?aauneee /enooth i?eaueue a 2,6 ?aca. Aeaiiue iieacaoaeue io?aaeaao
yooaeoeaiinoue oi?aaeaiey ?anoiaeaie, a oaaee/aiea ?acoeueoaoia ii
aiaeai yaeyaony iiaeoaa?aeaeaieai oiai, /oi aaieianeay nenoaia
oi?aaeaiey yaeyaony yooaeoeaiie oaeaea ca n/ao «i?aaeeueiie» iieeoeee
onoaiiaeaiey oeai ia aaieianeea oneoae.
Iniiaiui iieacaoaeai aeioiaeiinoe aaiea yaeyaony iieacaoaeue,
io?aaeathuee ioaea/o nianoaaiiiai eaieoaea, oi?ioea 2
E1 = ____I?eaueue______
Aeoeeiia?iue eaieoae ? 100 % (2)
(onoaaiue oiiae)
Iiaenoaaeee a oi?ioeo (2), iieo/aai
E1 (2005 aiae) = (2581781/10362696)*100 %= 24,91 %
E1 (2006 aiae) = (3071810/ 15433800)*100 %= 19,90 %
Aeaiiue iieacaoaeue oa?aeoa?ecoao i?eaueue, i?eoiaeyuothny ia 1 oaiaa
aeoeeiia?iiai eaieoaea. A aeeiaieea i?ineaaeeaaaony io?eoeaoaeueiay
oaiaeaioeey. A 2005 aiaeo eiee/anoai aeaiaaeiuo n?aaenoa, i?eoiaeyueony
ia 1 oaiaa aeoeeiia?iiai eaieoaea, ninoaaeyei 25 oaiaa, /oi iaiueoa
cia/aiey oiai aea iieacaoaey 2006 aiaea (20 oaiaa) a 1,25 ?aca. A 2004
aiaeo yoi cia/aiea ninoaaeyei 13,76 %. I?e/eiie oiio, eae aeaeii ec
?an/aoia yaeyaony cia/eoaeueiia oaaee/aiea aeoeeiia?iiai eaieoaea
(iai?eia?, anee n?aaieoue 2005 e 2006 aiaea oaeaeei, /oi aeoeeiia?iue
eaieoae oaaee/eeny a 1,49 ?aca).
Iieacaoaeue aeioiaeiinoe aaiea E1 caaeneo io i?eaueueiinoe aeoeaia e
eiyooeoeeaioa aeinoaoi/iinoe eaieoaea, /oi au?aaeaaony oi?ioeie 3
I?eaueue= I?eaueue o Aeoeau
Eaieoae Aeoeau Eaieoae; o.a. E1 = E2 o E3 (3)
Yoi icia/aao, /oi aeioiaeiinoue aaieianeie aeayoaeueiinoe iaoiaeeony a
i?yiie caaeneiinoe io ?aaioiniiniaiinoe aeoeaia (I?eaueue/Aeoeau) e a
ia?aoiie caaeneiinoe io eiyooeoeeaioa aeinoaoi/iinoe eaieoaea
(Eaieoae/Aeoeau). A nayce n yoei ianoiyoaeuenoaii noaiiaeony ynii ii/aio
aaieo auaiaeii ooieoeeiie?iaaoue ia a?aie ?enea, o.a. n iaiueoei
iaania/aieai aeoeaia nianoaaiiui eaieoaeii.
A nia?aiaiiuo oneiaeyo aiciiaeiinoue ?inoa E1 ca n/ao oiaiueoaiey
iieacaoaey aeinoaoi/iinoe eaieoaea ia?aie/aiu, iineieueeo ?ino aeoeaia
aeieaeai iiaee?aieyoueny ?anoe?aieai ?ano?niie aacu. Ii a oneiaeyo
eiieo?aioeee iiiaea aaiee ia eiatho aiciiaeiinoe aeiaanoe aei
iioeiaeueiiai o?iaiy ioiioaiea eaieoaea e aeoeaai. I?e yoii, aunieee
oaeaeueiue aan nianoaaiiuo ?ano?nia aeey aaiea e, neaaeiaaoaeueii,
oaaee/eaaao i?eaueueiinoue. Iiyoiio, oaeea aaiee iiaoo eiaoue aieueooth
i?eaueue i?e ieceie aeioiaeiie ia?aea.
?aca?aii oaaee/aiey aeioiaeiinoe inoaaony iiauoaiea noaiaie
i?eaueueiinoe aeoeaia. Aeaiiue iieacaoaeue oa?aeoa?ecoao
?aioaaaeueiinoue aeoeaiuo iia?aoeee e ioeaieaaao aaee/eio i?eauee ia 1
oaiaa aeoeaia.
Iniiaiua iai?aaeaiey ?aaiou aaiea ii oeo/oaieth ?aioaaaeueiinoe aeoeaiuo
iia?aoeee iiaeii ii?aaeaeeoue ?aceiaeea yoio iieacaoaeue ia 2
niiiiaeeoaey, eae iieacaii a oi?ioea 4
I?eaueue = I?eaueue o Aeoeau
Aeoeau Aeoeau Aeioiaeu; o.a. E2 = E4 o E5 (4)
I?eaueueiinoue aeoeaia iaoiaeeony a i?yiie caaeneiinoe io aeioiaeiinoe
aeoeaia. N iiiiuueth aiaeeca aeeiaieee eaaeaeiai ec ieo iiaeii auyaeoue,
eaeie ec ieo ieacuaaao aieueoaa aeeyiea ia i?eaueueiinoue aeoeaia.
Eiyooeoeeaio E4 oa?aeoa?ecoao aeayoaeueiinoue aaiea n oi/ee c?aiey
yooaeoeaiinoe ?aciauaiey aeoeaia, o.a. aiciiaeiinoe nicaeaaaoue aeioiae:
E4 = Aeioiaeu = I?ioeaioiua aeioiaeu + Iai?ioeaioiua aeioiaeu
Aeoeau Aeoeau Aeoeau (5)
Iiaenoaaea a oi?ioeo (5) iieo/aai
E4 (2005a.) = (1051518+3876402)/75945363= 0,065
E4 (2006a.) = (4353176+3509301)/198362162= 0,39
Ec ?an/aoia aeaeii, /oi iieacaoaee 2005 e 2006 aiaeia ioee/athony – a
2006 aiaeo cia/aiea iieacaoaey iaiueoa a 1,7 ?aca ii n?aaiaieth n 2005
aiaeii, iaeiaei a 2004 aiaeo cia/aiea aeaiiiai eiyooeoeeaioa ninoaaeyei
0,063 ioieoa (o.a. /ooue iaiueoa iieacaoaey 2005 aiaea. Noieue aieueoia
eciaiaiea i?iecioei ec-ca oaaee/aiey aeoeaia aaiea, o.e. aaee/eia
aeoeaia a 2006 aiaeo aic?inea a 2,61 ?aca, ii n?aaiaieth n 2005 aiaeii.
Iaeiaei, aeaaea i?e oaeii, eacaeinue au iacia/eoaeueiii nieaeaiee
cia/aiey aeaiiiai eiyooeoeeaioa iaiaaeaea?ai noieo ia?aoeoue aieiaiea ia
aeaiiue iieacaoaeue.
Eiyooeoeeaio E5 io?aaeaao niiniaiinoue aaiea eiio?iee?iaaoue naie
?anoiae. ?ann/eoaoue aai iiaeii ii oi?ioea 6
E5 = I?eaueue = Aeioiaeu – ?anoiaeu – Iaeiae = Aeioiaeu – Iaeia –
Aeioiaeu Aeioiaeu Aeioiaeu Aeioiae
– Iai?ioeaioiua ?anoiaeu – I?ioeaioiua ?anoiaeu
Aeioiaeu Aeioiaeu (6)
Iiaenoaaei a oi?ioeo (7), iieo/ei
E5 (2005 aiae) = (1- (2511454+11885)/2518781)= 0,99
E5 (2006 aiae) = (1-(4587715+293011)/3071810)= 1,39
Iaeaieueoaa aicaeaenoaea ia nieaeaiea aeiee i?eauee a aaeiaii aeioiaea
ieacuaatho i?ioeaioiua e iai?ioeaioiua ?anoiaeu. ?aaeueiue i?ioeaio
nie?auaiey ?anoiaeia neaaeoao eneaoue a oiaiueoaiee o?iaiy oiea/eaaaiuo
i?ioeaioia ca e?aaeeoiua ?ano?nu. A iaoai neo/aa i?ineaaeeaaaony
oaiaeaioeey e oaaee/aieth ia i?ioyaeaiee o?ao aiaeece?iaaiiuo eao.
Neaaeiaaoaeueii, eciaiyaony cia/aiea eiyooeoeeaioa a noi?iio oaaee/aiey:
a 2005 – 2006 aiaeao – oaaee/aiea ia 0,4 aaeeieoeu, /oi yaeyaony
iieiaeeoaeueiie oaiaeaioeeae.
?aioaaaeueiinoue aeoeaia ia nianai aaeaeaaoii oa?aeoa?ecoao
aeayoaeueiinoue aaiea, o.e. ia ana aeoeau i?eiinyo aeioiae. I?e
eneeth/aiee oaeeo aeoeaia iieo/ei aieaa ?aaeueiue ?acoeueoao
i?eaueueiinoe aeoeaiuo iia?aoeee ii oi?ioea 7
E6 = ________I?eaueue________
Aeoeau, i?eiinyuea aeioiae (7)
Iiaenoaaea a oi?ioeo (7) iieo/ei
E6 (2005aiae) = 2518781/69410317=0,036
E6 (2006 aiae) = 3071810/163409309=0,019
O.i. iu ii?aaeaeeee aaee/eio i?eauee, i?eoiaeyuothny ia 1 oaiaa
aeioiaeiuo aeoeaiuo iia?aoeee. A 2005 aiaeo oaeay aaee/eia ninoaaeea 3,6
oaiaa , a 2006 aiaeo iaiueoa – 1,9 oaiaa.
Oaeaea iaeiei ec oe?iei i?eiaiyaiuo iieacaoaeae ioiineoaeueiie aaaeiinoe
ia i?eiinyueo aeioiae aeoeaia yaeyaony iieacaoaeue aeioiaeiie aacu.
?ann/eoaoue aeaiiue iieacaoaeue iiaeii ii oi?ioea 8
Aeioiaeiay
aaca = Aeioiaeiua aeoeau = E?aaeeou + Eeceia + Eiaanoeoeee a oe.a.=
aeoeaia Aeoeau Niaieoiiua aeoeau
= Niaieoiiua aeoeau – Aeoeau, ia i?eiinyuea aeioiae
Niaieoiiua aeoeau (8)
Iiaenoaaea a oi?ioeo 8 iieo/ei
Aeioiaeiay
aaca (2005 aiae) = 69410317+/75945363 =0 ,94
aeoeaia
Aeioiaeiay
aaca (2006 aiae) = 163409309/198362162 = 0,82
aeoeaia
Ec ?an/aoia aeaeii, /oi n eaaeaeui aiaeii oaaee/eaaaony aeiey aeoeaia,
i?eiinyueo aeioiae, i?e yoii ?anooo e aeoeau a iauai. A n?aaiaiee n 2005
aiaeii (0,94) iieacaoaeue 2006 aiaea oiaiueoeeny a 1,14 ?aca e ninoaaee
0, 82 (eee 82 %).
Ioeueoeieeeaoi? eaieoaea io?aaeaao iieeoeeo aaiea a iaeanoe
oeiaine?iaaiey aua?aiiuo enoi/ieeia oi?ie?iaaiey aaieianeeo ?ano?nia
(aeieaiaua iaycaoaeuenoaa e aeoeeiia?iue eaieoae) e ?ann/eouaaaony ii
oi?ioea 9
Ioeueoeieeeaoi? = _____Aeoeau________
eaieoaea (EM) Aeoeeiia?iue eaieoae (9)
Iiaenoaaei a oi?ioeo (9) iieo/ei
AI (2005 aiae) = 75945363/10362696 = 7,329
AI (2006 aiae) = 198362162/15433800 = 12,852
Aeoeeiia?iue eaieoae aeieaeai iie?uaaoue oauoee ii aeoeaai aaiea,
iineieueeo /ai auoa o?iaaiue ioeueoeieeeaoi?a, oai auoa noaiaiue ?enea
aaie?ionoaa aaiea. Iaeiaei /ai aieueoa ioeueoeieeeaoi?, oai auoa
iioaioeeae aaiea aeey aieaa aunieeo auieao naiei aeoeeiia?ai, o.a.
aeaiiue iieacaoaeue io?aaeaao naycue ?enea e aeioiaeiinoe aaiea.
Eae aeaeii ec ?an/aoia, cia/aiey iieacaoaeae ii aiaeai i/aiue
ioee/athony. E i?eia?o, a 2006 aiaeo cia/aiea iieacaoaey naiia aunieia,
o.a. naiua aunieea o?iaie ?enea e aeioiaeiinoe. Iaeiaei aea a 2005 aiaeo
iieacaoaeue aue iaiueoa aeaiiiai a 1,75 ?aca, ninoaaee 7,329 ioieoia, a
a 2006 aiaeo – 12,852. Yoi icia/aao, /oi n eaaeaeui aiaeii ?ene iioa?ue
aaiea nieaeaaony, ii oaeaea nieaeathony e auieaou aeoeeiia?ai.
I/aaeaeii, /oi no?oeoo?iue aiaeec iieacaoaeae i?eaueueiinoe aaiea, o.a.
aiaeec ioaeaeueiuo eiiiiiaioia aeaiiuo iieacaoaeae, iicaieyao naeaeaoue
auaiae i i?e/eiao o?oaeiinoae a iaeanoe aaieianeeo aeioiaeia, n eioi?uie
noaeeeaaaony aaie, e auyaeoue oa noa?u, eioi?ua o?aaotho iniaiai
aieiaiey ni noi?iiu iaiaaeaea?ia, n oai /oiau iaeoe aiciiaeiua iooe
?aoaiey aicieeoeo i?iaeai n aeioiaeaie. I?iaiaeeiue aiaeec
naeaeaoaeuenoaoao i oii, /oi aeinoeaeaiea aunieiai o?iaiy i?eaueueiinoe
aaiea caaeneo io ianeieueeeo eeth/aauo oaeoi?ia:
– acaaoaiiue aiaeec oeiainiaiai ?u/aaa (eee niioiioaiea aaieianeeo
aeoeaia, oeiaine?oaiuo ca n/ao aeieaiauo iaycaoaeuenoa, e aeoeeiia?iiai
eaieoaea).
– acaaoaiiia eniieueciaaiea iia?aoeeiiiiai ?u/aaa ii oeene?iaaiiui
aeoeaai (eee aeiey oeene?iaaiiuo ca o?ao, eioi?oth aaie eniieuecoao aeey
oaaee/aiey aai iia?aoeeiiiie i?eauee a oeaeyo ?inoa iaueo oeiainiauo
eoiaia aaiea).
– ouaoaeueiue eiio?ieue ca iia?aoeeiiiuie ?anoiaeaie, n oai /oiau
aieueoay /anoue aeioiaeia noaiiaeeanue /enoie i?eaueueth.
– ouaoaeueiia oi?aaeaiea ii?ooaeai aeoeaia aeey niaethaeaiey ii?iaoeaia
eeeaeaeiinoe i?e i?eaioaoeee ia iieo/aiea iaeneiaeueiie i?eauee io
ethaiai ec eiathueony aeoeaia.
– ouaoaeueiue eiio?ieue ca noaiaiueth ?eneiaaiiinoe aaieianeeo
iia?aoeee, n oai /oiau oauoee ia naaee e ioeth i?eaueue aaiea e aai
aeoeeiia?iue eaieoae.
3 I?iaeaiu e iooe niaa?oainoaiaaiey oi?aaeaiey oeiainiauie aeoeaaie
eiiia?/aneiai aaiea ia i?eia?a AI «Oaii?aaie»
3.1 I?iaeaiu oi?aaeaiey oeiainiauie aeoeaaie eiiia?/aneiai aaiea
A i?ioeanna aeayoaeueiinoe AI «Oaii?aaie» noaeeeaaaony n ?acee/iuie
aeaeaie aaieianeiai ?enea. Ieaea, a oaaeeoea 1 i?aaenoaaeaia eioi?iaoeey
i eiioeaio?aoeee ?eneia, i?enoueo naeoi?ai yeiiiieee, a ?aieao nnoae,
i?aaeinoaaeaiiuo eeeaioai.
Oaaeeoea 1 – Eiioeaio?aoeey ?eneia ii naeoi?ai yeiiiieee.
IieacaoaeeNoiia ia 31.12.2006 a.a oun. oaiaa%Noiia ia 31.12.2005a.a oun.
oaiaa% Oece/aneea eeoea98 100 91266,0820 742 45141,64Iioiaay oi?aiaey14
359 2439,676 568 68213,19No?ieoaeuenoai7 080 7584,776 827
96913,71Oeiainiaua oneoae6 869 3224,632 896 9415,82Aiaeiniaaaeaiea,
iinoaaea aaca e yeaeo?iyia?aee6 139 3324,14230 7550,46Iaaeaeaeeiinoue3
888 8992,621 816 8383,65O?ainii?oiua oneoae2 802 2191,89939
5021,89Naeueneia oicyenoai1 658 4221,12493 9590,99Ainoeie/iue e
?anoi?aiiue aecian1 424 2770,961 506 9643,03?icie/iay oi?aiaey1 166
4830,79574 7751,15Oneoae i?aaei?eyoeyi719 4540,482 624 0145,27Ieuaaay
i?iiuoeaiiinoue 739 4430,501 978 8603,97I?iecaiaenoai aoiaae416
3530,28222 0640,45Oeie/aneay i?iiuoeaiiinoue342 1760,23219
0840,44Oa?ia?neia oicyenoai341 3520,23228 1830,46Cae?aaiio?aiaiea240
9400,16111 7690,22Ia/aoiia i?iecaiaenoai237 6920,16423
5310,85I?iecaiaenoai iaaaee164 4860,11149 7690,30Eiiioiaeueiua oneoae111
4710,0811 8130,02Ia?aciaaiea89 2360,0674 5110,15Iaoaeee/aneea ecaeaeey
32 4140,02137 8780,28Aeinoa19 0180,01118 3820,24Ai?iiaeiauaathuay
i?ii-oue2 1380,00196 7210,39Iaooaaaciaay i?iiuoeaiiinoue–442
4320,89A?aiaea–39 1520,08I?i/aa1 515 8181,02236 4730,47Eoiai caeiu,
i?aaeinoaaeaiiua eeeaioai148 461 85810049 813 472100
A oaeii neo/aa, eiay a ?anii?yaeaiee naiaiaeiua aeaiaaeiua n?aaenoaa,
aaie aeieaeai ia oieueei iaania/eoue eo nio?aiiinoue, ii e iicaaioeoueny
i aeeaa?neoeeaoeee. Eciaiaiey e eaeaioeoeeaoeey ?enea ia naaiaeiyoiee
aeaiue yaeythony oieueei ia?aui oaaii oi?aaeaiey ?eneaie e eiio?iey ca
ieie a aaieianeii naeoi?a. Oae eae iniiaioth /anoue i?eauee aaie
iieo/aao io naieo nnoaeiuo iia?aoeee, oi noaiiaeony i/aaeaeiui
aaaeiinoue ieieiecaoeee eiaiii e?aaeeoiiai ?enea, oi anoue ?enea
iaieaoaaea ii nnoaea, a i?ioeanna acaeiiaeaenoaey aaiea e eeeaioa. Eae
i?aaeei, eiaiii iaiiaaoaiea nnoaeu caaiueeaie i?eiineo aaieai e?oiiua
oauoee e neoaeeo iaeiie ec iaeaieaa /anouo i?e/ei aaie?ionoa e?aaeeoiuo
o/?aaeaeaiee.
Ec oaaeeoeu 1 aeaeii, /oi ia 31.12.2006 aiaea aieaa iieiaeiu (a eiaiii
66,08 %) caeiia ninoaaeyee e?aaeeou oece/aneei eeoeai – 98 100 912 ouny/
oaiaa, ia 31.12.2005 aiaea aeaiiue iieacaoaeue ninoaaeye 20 742 451
ouny/ oaiaa (41,64 %). Oaii i?e?inoa ii aeaiiiio aeaeo caeia ninoaaee
372,95 %. Iiaeii i?aaeiieiaeeoue, /oi aeaaiie i?e/eiie aunieiai
i?ioeaioa ?enea ii aeaiiie noaouea yaeeny oaaee/eaoeeny ni?in ia oaeea
i?ia?aiiu eae «Oaii? IE» e «Oaii? Yeni?ann», yaeythueany aaccaeiaiauie.
Cia/eoaeueii nieceeny i?ioeaio ?enea ii noaoueyi no?ieoaeuenoai e
iioiaay oi?aiaey: ia 31.12.2006 aiaea ii ninoaaeye 4,77 % e 9,67 %
niioaaonoaaiii, eiaaea eae ia 31.12.2005 aiaea yoio aea iieacaoaeue
ninoaaeye 13,71 % e 13,19 %. Neaaeoao oaeaea ioiaoeoue, /oi ii oaeei
noaoueyi, eae iaooaaaciaay i?iiuoeaiiinoue e a?aiaea a 2006 aiaeo
i?aaeinoaaeaiey caeiia ia auei, oiaaea eae a 2005 aiaeo nnoaeu
ninoaaeyee 442 432 ouny/e oaiaa e 39 152 ouny/e oaiaa.
Ec oaaeeoeu 2 aeaeii, /oi a ea/anoaa caeiaia a 2005-2006 aiaeao a aaie
auee i?aaeinoaaeaiu neaaeothuea aeaeu eiouanoaa: iaaeaeaeeiia e
aeaeaeeiia, oiaa?u a iai?ioa, ii?o/eoaeuenoaa e aa?aioee, e?iia oiai
eiaee ianoi e iaiaania/aiiua caeiu.
Neaaeoao ioiaoeoue, /oi iaaeaeaeeiia eiouanoai ninoaaeyao aieueoie
oaeaeueiue aan a iauai iauaia caeiaa AI «Oaii?aaie» e n eaaeaeui aiaeii
ii aic?anoaao, a nayce n oai, /oi aaieo auaiaeai eiaiii yoio aeae
caeiaa, oae eae ii yaeyaony iaeaieaa eeeaeaeiui. Anee a 2005 aiaeo
iaaeaeaeeiia eiouanoai ninoaaeyei 58,32 %, oi a 2006 a. iii aic?inei aei
64,12 %.
E caeiao aeaeaeeiiai eiouanoaa ioiineony caeia oiaa?ii-iaoa?eaeueiuo
caiania, oeaiiuo aoiaa, caeia oiaa?ia a iai?ioa, a ia?a?aaioea, caeia
o?ainii?oiuo n?aaenoa. A ?aaeeeo neo/ayo i?eieiaaony niaoeoaoieea ec-ca
ieceie eeeaeaeiinoe, oi anoue iaaiciiaeiinoe auno?ie ?aaeecaoeee
aeaiiiai iai?oaeiaaiey. *oi aea eanaaony oiaa?ia a iai?ioa, eae iaeiiai
ec aeaeia caeeaaeuaaaiiai eiouanoaa, oi aeaiiue aeae caeiaa iaaeaeaoaeai
aeey Aaiea ec-ca i?iaeai, naycaiiuo n o?aiaieai e eiio?ieai ca
nio?aiiinoueth i?iaeoeoia.
Oaaeeoea 2 – Caeeaaeuaaaiua eiouanoaa AI «Oaii?aaie»
Aeae caeiaa2005 aiae2006 aiaeNoiia, oun. oaiaaAeiey, %Noiia, oun.
oaiaaAeiey, %Iaaeaeaeeiinoue29 051 62158,3295 191 01064,12Aeaeaeeiia
eiouanoai5 237 61110,5120 187 90813,60Iaania/aiea aeaiaaeiuie
n?aaenoaaie eee aa?aioeyie I?aaeoaeuenoaa ?anioaeeee Eacaonoai 4 508
7289,053 187 8852,14Aa?aioee eiiiaiee994 5512,0010 126 6106,82I?i/ea
aeaeu iaania/aiey9 469 86919,019 246 8996,23Iaiaania/aiiua caeiu551
0921,1110 521 5467,09Anaai49 813 472100148 461 858100
Ianiio?y ia aunieee ?ene iaiiaaoaiey e?aaeeoa, a i?aeoeea
AI «Oaii?aaie» oe?iei eniieuecothony aa?aioee e ii?o/eoaeuenoaa.
?anniio?ei, /oi ec naay i?aaenoaaeyao aaieianeay aa?aioey e
ii?o/eoaeuenoai. A neeo oiai, /oi iaycaoaeuenoaa oicyenoaothueo
noauaeoia ia eiatho aaniethoiie oeiainiaie iaaeaaeiinoe, e aeieaeiee e
iiiaioo ieaoaaea iiaeao ieacaoueny ianinoiyoaeueiui, a ea/anoaa iaeiiai
ec oneiaee aieaa iaaeaaeiuo aa?aioee iieiiai e naiaa?aiaiiiai
iaania/aiey iaycaoaeuenoaa eniieuecoaony aaieianeay aa?aioey. Aeaaay
aaieianeoth aa?aioeth, aaie, eiia e?aaeeoiia o/?aaeaeaiea eee no?aoiaay
i?aaiecaoeey aeatho ii i?inueaa ae?oaiai eeoea ienueiaiiia
iaycaoaeuenoai a niioaaonoaee n oneiaeyie aeaaaaiiai aa?aioii
iaycaoaeuenoaa oieaoeoue e?aaeeoi?o i?eioeeiaea – (aaiaoeoeea?o)
aeaiaaeioth noiio ii i?aaenoaaeaiee aaiaoeoeea?ii ienueiaiiiai
o?aaiaaiey i aa oieaoa.
Ii?o/eoaeuenoaii i?eciaaony iaycaoaeuenoai ii?aaeaeaiiiai eeoea,
eiaioaiiai ii?o/eoaeai, ia?aae e?aaeeoi?ii ae?oaiai eeoea ioaa/aoue ca
eniieiaiea iaycaoaeuenoaa yoiai eeoea iieiinoueth eee /anoe/ii
noaneaeea?ii. Ii?o/eoaeuenoaii, eae i?aaeei, iaania/eaaaony eniieiaiea
aeieaeieeii aeaiaaeiiai iaycaoaeuenoaa. Yoi auoaeaao ec nouiinoe
ioaaonoaaiiinoe ii?o/eoaey: ii?o/eoaeue, anee eiia ia i?aaeoniio?aii
aeiaiai?ii, ianao ioaaonoaaiiinoue a i?aaeaeao noiiu, oeacaiiie a
ii?o/eoaeuenoaa. Ii ii?o/eoaeue, eae e aa?aio, ai?aaa, anee eiia ia
auoaeaao ec oneiaee ii?o/eoaeuenoaa eee iau/aaa aeaeiaiai iai?ioa, eee
oieaoeoue oeacaiioth a ii?o/eoaeuenoaa aeaiaaeioth noiio, eee eniieieoue
iaycaoaeuenoai aeieaeieea a iaoo?a.
Eae e aa?aioey, ii?o/eoaeuenoai yaeyaony i?aaiioiioaieai,
onoaiaaeeaaaiui iaaeaeo e?aaeeoi?ii ii iaania/aiiiio iaycaoaeuenoao e
eeoeii, ia yaeythueiny aeieaeieeii ii iniiaiiio iaycaoaeuenoao.
Ii?o/eoaeue oae aea, eae e aa?aio, ii ioiioaieth e iniiaiiio
iaycaoaeuenoao anaaaea yaeyaony o?aoueei eeoeii. E iaycaoaeuenoao ii
ii?o/eoaeuenoao, eae e i?e aa?aioee, oioy e i?iecaiaeiiio io iniiaiiai
iaycaoaeuenoaa, iniiaiie aeieaeiee iaiin?aaenoaaiiiai ioiioaiey ia eiaao
e a i?aaiioiioaiee ii ii?o/eoaeuenoao ia o/anoaoao. Ioiioaiey iaaeaeo
ii?o/eoaeai e aeieaeieeii ii iniiaiiio iaycaoaeuenoao, eae e i?e
aa?aioee, inoathony aia i?aaiioiioaiee ii ii?o/eoaeuenoao e iniiaiiio
iaycaoaeuenoao.
A AI «Oaii?aaie» a ea/anoaa ii?o/eoaey eee aa?aioa eae i?aaeei aunooiaao
th?eaee/aneia eeoei, ca?aeiiaiaeiaaaoaa naay ia ?uiea eae noaaeeueiia,
aeia?iniaanoiia e ninoiyoaeueiia. Eniieueciaaiea aa?aioee eiiiaiee a
ea/anoaa iaania/aiey iaycaoaeuenoaa nieceeinue ia 4,82 %.
Caeia i?i/aai eiouanoaa oiaiueoeeny ia 12,78 % a 2006 aiaeo ii
n?aaiaieth n 2005 aiaeii. Ii caeiao iiae aeaiaaeiua n?aaenoaa e
aa?aioeth I?aaeoaeuenoaa ?E eiee/anoai aeiaiai?ia oiaiueoeeinue ia 29,3
%. I?ioeaio aeiaiai?ia aac iaania/aiey oaaee/eeny n 1,11 % a 2005 aiaeo
aei 7,09 % a 2006 aiaeo. Yoi naycaii n oai, /oi aaie noae aieueoa
caeeth/aoue aeiaiai?ia aac iaania/aiey, a nayce n oaaee/eaathueiny
ni?inii ia aeaiiue aeae e?aaeeoiaaiey.
A ninoaaa e?aaeeoiiai ?enea AI «Oaii?aaie» iiaeii auaeaeeoue neaaeothuea
aeaeu ?eneia:
– ?ene iaiiaaoaiey e?aaeeoa icia/aao iianiinoue iaauiieiaieai caaiueeii
oneiaee e?aaeeoiiai aeiaiai?a iieiiai e naiaa?aiaiiiai aica?aoa iniiaiie
noiiu aeieaa, a oaeaea auieaou i?ioeaioia e eiienneiiiuo;
– ?ene i?in?i/ee ieaoaaeae icia/aao iianiinoue caaea?aeee aica?aoa
e?aaeeoa e ianaiaa?aiaiiie auieaou i?ioeaioia e aaaeao e oiaiueoaieth
eeeaeaeiuo n?aaenoa aaiea. ?ene i?in?i/ee iiaeao o?ainoi?ie?iaaoueny a
?ene iaiiaaoaiey;
– ?ene iaania/aiey e?aaeeoa ia yaeyaony naiinoiyoaeueiui aeaeii ?enea e
?anniao?eaaaony oieueei i?e ianooieaiee ?enea iaiiaaoaiey e?aaeeoa. Yoio
?ene i?iyaeyaony a iaaeinoaoi/iinoe aeioiaea, iieo/aiiiai io ?aaeecaoeee
i?aaeinoaaeaiiiai aaieo iaania/aiey e?aaeeoa, aeey iieiiai
oaeiaeaoai?aiey aeieaiauo o?aaiaaiee aaiea e caaiueeo.
?eneo iaiiaaoaiey i?aaeoanoaoao ?ene e?aaeeoiniiniaiinoe caaiueea, iiae
eioi?ui iiieiaaony e?aaeeoiniiniaiinoue caaiueea auiieieoue naie
iaycaoaeuenoaa ii ioiioaieth e e?aaeeoi?ai aiiaua. Eaaeaeue caaiuee
oa?aeoa?ecoaony eiaeeaeaeoaeueiui ?eneii e?aaeeoiniiniaiinoe, eioi?ue
i?enoonoaoao iacaaeneii io aeieaiauo ioiioaiee n aaieii e yaeyaony
?acoeueoaoii aeaeiaiai ?enea e ?enea no?oeoo?u eaieoaea.
Aeaeiaie ?ene ioaaouaaao ana aeaeu ?eneia, naycaiiuo n
ooieoeeiie?iaaieai i?aaei?eyoee. Ii a ioee/ea io iacaaiiuo aeaeia ?enea,
eioi?uie iiaeao e aeieaeii oi?aaeyoue ?oeiaiaenoai i?aaei?eyoey, ia
aeaeiaie ?ene ieacuaatho aeeyiea iaoi?aaeyaiua aiaoiea oaeoi?u, a
iniaaiiinoe ?acaeoea io?anee e eiiuthieoo?u. Aaee/eio e oa?aeoa? ?enea
ai iiiaii ii?aaeaeytho eiaanoeoeeiiiua i?ia?aiiu e i?iecaiaeeiay
i?iaeoeoeey. Ana noauaeou noaeeeaathony ni cia/eoaeueiui ?eneii oiai,
/oi iia iiaeao i?eeoe a oiaaeie ni nieaeaieai iauaiia i?iaeaae, a oaeaea
?inoii aaie?ionoa e aac?aaioeoeu. Yoe iaaeaaii?eyoiua yaeaiey, /anoi
eiaioaiua aeaeiaui ?eneii, auno?i io?acyony ia e?aaeeoiii ii?ooaea
aaiea, aaea ii ia?a ?inoa oeiainiauo cao?oaeiaiee caaiueeia
oaaee/eaaaony iauai iaaica?auaiiuo caeiia. ?ene no?oeoo?u eaieoaea
ii?aaeaeyaony no?oeoo?ie ianneaia e oneeeaaao aeaeiaie ?ene. No?oeoo?a
eaieoaea ii?aaeaeyaony niioiioaieai nianoaaiiiai eaieoaea e caaiiuo
n?aaenoa, aa iiaeii ii?aaeaeeoue n iiiiuueth niioaaonoaothueo
eiyooeoeeaioia. Auaeaaay e?aaeeo, aaie oai naiui iiauoaao iauee ?ene
i?aaei?eyoey, oae eae eniieueciaaiea caaiiuo n?aaenoa oneeeaaao ca n/ao
yooaeoa oeiainiaiai ?u/aaa aiciiaeiua eae iieiaeeoaeueiua, oae e
iaaaoeaiua eciaiaiey ?aioaaaeueiinoe nianoaaiiiai eaieoaea i?aaei?eyoey.
A i?ioeanna oi?aaeaiey e?aaeeoiuie ?eneaie a AI «Oaii?aaie» iiaeii
auaeaeeoue /aou?a iniiaiuo yoaia, eioi?ua ii?aaeaeytho caaea/e yoiai
i?ioeanna.
1. Aiaeec e ioeaiea e?aaeeoiuo ?eneia. I?aaeiinueeie aeey aiaeeca ?eneia
yaeyaony eo eaeaioeoeeaoeey. Aaie aeieaeai onoaiiaeoue ia iniiaa
?acee/iuo enoi/ieeia eioi?iaoeee aeaeu e acaeiinaycue ?eneia, eioi?ui ii
iiaeaa?aeai. Caoai neaaeoao onoaiiaeoue, eaeea aeaeu
eaeaioeoeoee?iaaiiuo ?eneia iiaoo auoue eciaiaiu. N o/aoii ?anoiaeia ia
nai? e ia?aaioeo eioi?iaoeee, iaiaoiaeeii oaeaea auaeaeeoue ?enee,
eioi?uie iiaeii i?aiaa?a/ue.
2. Ii?aaeaeaiea aaee/eiu ?enea. I?iaeaia eaeaioeoeeaoeee ?eneia oanii
naycaia n iaoiaeaie eo ecia?aiey. Ii?aaeaeaiea eiee/anoaaiiie aaee/eiu
?enea aeaao aiciiaeiinoue ioeaieoue ?acia? iioaioeeaeueiuo oauoeia e
noi?ie?iaaoue n iiiiuueth aeoeaiuo eino?oiaioia oi?aaeaiey o?iaaiue
?enea, eioi?ue aaie ?anniao?eaaao eae i?eaieaiue.
3. Oi?aaeaiea e?aaeeoiuie ?eneaie. Iinea oiai, eae ii?aaeaeaiu
iiaeeaaeauea oi?aaeaieth ?enee e eo ?acia?, iaiaoiaeeii au?aaioaoue
no?aoaaeth e iaoiaeieiaeth oi?aaeaiey e?aaeeoiuie ?eneaie. Iii iiaeao
auoue iai?aaeaii eae ia i?aaeioa?auaiea aicieeiiaaiey e?aaeeoiuo ?eneia,
oae e ia i?aiaeieaiea iaaaoeaiuo iineaaenoaee e?aaeeoiuo ?eneia aeey
?aioaaaeueiinoe e eeeaeaeiinoe aaiea
Ia ?aciuo i?aaiecaoeeiiiuo o?iaiyo, a ?aieao ioaeaeueiie e?aaeeoiie
i?aaiecaoeee, oeeeaea, anaai aaiea – a niioaaonoaee n ?ac?aaioaiiie
iaoiaeieiaeae i?eieiathony ?aoaiey i i?eiaiaiee aeoeaiuo eino?oiaioia
oi?aaeaiey e?aaeeoiuie ?eneaie aeey eo iaaeiiouaiey, ieieiecaoeee e
iaeo?aeecaoeee, a oaeaea ianneaiuo eino?oiaioia aeey i?aiaeieaiey
aiciiaeiuo iaaaoeaiuo iineaaenoaee ?eneia.
4. Eiio?ieue ca yooaeoeaiinoueth oi?aaeaiey e?aaeeoiuie ?eneaie.
?acoeueoaou inouanoaeyaiuo ia?ii?eyoee ii oi?aaeaieth e?aaeeoiuie
?eneaie aeieaeiu iinoiyiii eiio?iee?iaaoueny. Eiio?ieue i?ecaai
auyaeyoue e aiaeece?iaaoue i?e/eiu ioeeiiaiey aaee/eiu ?aaeeciaaaoeony
?eneia io caieaie?iaaiiuo iieacaoaeae. Aeey e?aaeeoiie aeayoaeueiinoe,
no?oeoo?o ?eneia e oauoee aeey i?aiaeieaiey iineaaenoaee ianooieaoeo
?eneia e ainnoaiiaeaiey no?oeoo?u ?eneia. Aaee/eia e oa?aeoa? ?enea
iiaoo eciaiyoueny ai a?aiaie. Caaea/ae e?aaeeoiiai iiieoi?eiaa yaeyaony
naiaa?aiaiiia ii?aaeaeaiea oooaeoaiey e?aaeeoiniiniaiinoe eee noieiinoe
iaania/aiey a oa/aiea e?aaeeoiuo ioiioaiee.
Eiio?ieeeia ?eneia, oi anoue eo ieaie?iaaiea, oi?aaeaiea e eiio?ieue,
iicaieyao eiaoue aaieo oi/ioth e iiae?iaioth eioi?iaoeeth i aaee/eia e
oa?aeoa?a e?aaeeoiiai ?enea, i?iaiaeeoue aiaeec ioeeiiaiee ieaie?oaiuo
cia/aiee io aeaenoaeoaeueiuo e caaeaaia?aiaiii i?eieiaoue iaiaoiaeeiua
ia?u aeey eni?aaeaiey neooaoeee. A oaaeeoea 3 i?aaenoaaeaiu
oa?aeoa?enoeee ?aca?aie/aiey i?iaa?ee e?aaeeoiniiniaiinoe e e?aaeeoiiai
iiieoi?eiaa.
Ooieoeeiiaeueii eiio?ieeeia i?ecaai aiaeece?iaaoue anth eiathuothny
aioo?aiithth e aiaoithth eioi?iaoeeth aeey ii?aaeaeaiey:
– o?iaiy ?enea e?aaeeoiiai ii?ooaey.
– ieaie?iaaiey no?oeoo?u e ?aioaaaeueiinoe e?aaeeoiiai ii?ooaey.
Aiciiaeiiai aeeyiey eciaiaiey aiaoieo oneiaee ia no?oeoo?o e aaee/eio
e?aaeeoiuo ?eneia aaiea. Eiio?ieeeia ?eneia iicaieyao ioeaieoue
yooaeoeaiinoue i?iaiaeeiie iieeoeee.
Aeey ?an/aoa i?ioeaioiie noaaee a enneaaeoaiii aaiea eniieuecoaony
iaoiae i?inouo i?ioeaioia, eioi?ue i?aaeoniao?eaaao ei??aeoe?iaeo ia
n?ie oaeoe/aneiai eniieueciaaiey e?aaeeoa. Anee caaiuee inouanoaeyao
iiaaoaiea e?aaeeoa iinoaiaiii, iaoiae i?inouo i?ioeaioia ii?aaeaeyao
nieaeaiea inoaoea caaeieaeaiiinoe e niioaaonoaaiii noiio oiea/eaaaiuo
i?ioeaioia.
Oaaeeoea 3 – ?aca?aie/aiea i?iaa?ee e?aaeeoiniiniaiinoe e e?aaeeoiiai
iiieoi?eiaa
E?eoa?ee
I?iaa?ea e?aaeeoiniiniaiinoe
E?aaeeoiue iiieoi?eia
Oeaeue
Ii?aaeaeaiea ea/anoaaiiie e eiee/anoaaiiie aaee/eiu e?aaeeoiiai ?enea
aei i?eiyoey ?aoaiey i i?aaeinoaaeaiee e?aaeeoa
Ii?aaeaeaiea ea/anoaaiiie e eiee/anoaaiiie aaee/eiu e?aaeeoiiai ?enea ai
a?aiy acaeiiioiioaiee n eeeaioii
A?aiy
Aei auaea/e e?aaeeoa
Iinea auaea/e e?aaeeoa
Ia?eiaee/iinoue
Iaeii?aciaay i?iaa?ea
Oaeouea i?iaa?ee
Iauai i?iaa?ee
Eiiieaeniay i?iaa?ea e?aaeeoiniiniaiinoe caaiueea
Iaaethaeaiea ca aaaeiaeoeie eiaeeeaoi?aie, io?aaeathueie eciaiaiea
e?aaeeoiniiniaiinoe I?iaa?ea iaania/aiey a oa/aiee e?aaeeoiuo ioiioaiee
Ia?aniio? oneiaee e?aaeeoiaaiey Eiio?ieue ca naiaa?aiaiiui iinooieaieai
i?ioeaioia e iniiaiiai aeieaa.
I?aaeiieiaeei, /oi caaiuee i?ineo e?aaeeo a ?acia?a 100 oun. oaiaa ia 1
aiae n i?inoie i?ioeaioiie noaaeie 22 %. Anee aeiaiai? ia
i?aaeoniao?eaaao aei eiioea aiaea /anoe/iiai iiaaoaiey noiiu iniiaiiai
aeieaa, i?ioeaioiua ieaoaaee eeeaioa aoaeoo auaeyaeaoue neaaeothuei
ia?acii
Ii=Ae*No * t, (1)
aaea; Ii – i?ioeaioiua ieaoaaee;
Ae – iniiaiie aeiea;
No- noaaea i?ioeaioa;
t – a?aiy.
Oiaaea noiia i?ioeaioiuo ieaoaaeae ninoaaeo
100 000 * 0,22 * 1 = 22 000 oun. oaiaa.
Oaeei ia?acii, a iiiaio iiaaoaiey eeeaio oieaoeo aaieo
122 000 ouny/e oaiaa. I?aaeiieiaeei oaia?ue, /oi iniiaiie aeiea
auiea/eaaaony /aou?ueiy ?aaiuie ieaoaaeaie ii 25 000 oun. oaiaa eaaeaeue
(oaaeeoea 4).
I/aaeaeii, /oi i?e i?inouo i?ioeaioao eeeaio yeiiiieo ia i?ioeaioiuo
auieaoao ii ia?a i?eaeeaeaiey n?iea iiaaoaiey e?aaeeoa. Aeey aaiea
?an/ao ii oaeiio iaoiaeo i?aaenoaaeyaony n aeaoo noi?ii. N iaeiie
noi?iiu aaie oa?yao iaeioi?oth noiio naiaai aeioiaea, ii n ae?oaie i?e
eaaeaeie /anoe/iie iieaoa ii nieaeaao naie e?aaeeoiue ?ene iaaica?aoa
eeeaioii noiiu e?aaeeoa.
A oi a?aiy eae aieueoay /anoue e?aaeeoia i?aaeoniao?eaaao aiciiaeiinoue
/anoe/iiai iaaoaiey, eae i?ioeaioia, oae e iniiaiiai aeieaa a oa/aiea
n?iea e?aaeeoiaaiey, iaoiae aeeneiioe?iaaiey i?aaeiieaaaao aaainiaoth
iieaoo i?ioeaioia. A niioaaonoaee n aeaiiui iaoiaeii i?ioeaiou iiaoo
au/eoaoueny a ia/aea, e eeeaio iieo/aao noiio e?aaeeoa ca au/aoii
i?ioeaioia.
Oaaeeoea 15 – Noiiu ieaoaaeae oun. oaiaa
Aaeaeaa?oaeueiua i?ioeaioiua ieaoaaee Iauay noiia i?e/eoathueony
ieaoaaeae
Ia?aue eaa?oae
100 000 *0,22 * 14 = 5 500 25 000 + 5 500 = 30 500
Aoi?ie eaa?oae
75 000 * 0,22 *14=4 125 25 000 + 4 125 == 29 125
O?aoee eaa?oae
50 000 * 0,22 * 14 = 2 750 25 000 + 2 750 = 27 750
*aoaa?oue eaa?oae
25 000 * 0,22 * 14 == 1 375 25 000 + 1 375 = 26 475
Eoiai: 100 000 +137 50 =113 750
I?aaeiieiaeei, /oi e?aaeeoiue einiaeoi? i?aaeeaaaao eeeaioo a noiia 100
ouny/ oaiaa (100 000 x 0,22) au/eoathony ec iniiaiiai aeieaa; caaiuee
iieo/aao:
100 000 – 22 000 = 88 000 oaiaa. I?e ianooieaiee n?iea iiaaoaiey eeeaio
iaycai aa?¬iooue 100 000 oaiaa. ?aaeueiay noaaea ii e?aaeeoo ninoaaeo
aeey caaiueea 25 %.
AeNe = Iae, (2)
aaea: AeCe – aeeneiioiay noaaea ii e?aaeeoo;
Iae – i?e/eoathueany i?ioeaiou;
Ne – /enoay noiia iieo/aiiiai e?aaeeoa.
Iai?eia?: 22 000/88 000 = 0,25 eee 25 %.
Iaeiei ec iaeaieaa noa?uo niiniaia ?an/aoa noaaee ii e?aaeeoo yaeyaony
iaoiae iaeeaeee, eiaaea i?ioeaioiua auieaou i?eaaaeythony e noiia
iniiaiiai aeieaa aei oiai, eae caaiueeo aoaeoo iauyaeaiu ?acia?u aciinia
a iiaaoaiea e?aaeeoa. Iai?eia?, anee eeeaio oi/ao iieo/eoue 100 ouny/
oaiaa e aio onoaiaaeeaaaony i?ioeaioiay noaaea 22 % iaoiaeii iaeeaeee
i?e
12 aaeaiany/iuo ieaoaaeao a iiaaoaiea e?aaeeoa, oi iauay noiia e auieaoa
aoaeao ninoaaeyoue 100 000 (iniiaiie aeiea) iethn 22 000 (i?ioeaiou),
eee
122 000 oaiaa. Aaeaiany/iue aciin aoaeao ?aaai 10 166,66 oaiaa.
Iineieueeo a n?aaeiai caaiuee iiaeao a oa/aiea aiaea iieueciaaoueny
noiiie, i?eaeeceoaeueii ?aaiie 50 000 oaiaa, ?aaeueiay noaaea ninoaaeo
50 000 = 0,44 eee 44 %.
Oieueei a oii neo/aa, anee e?aaeeo e i?ioeaiou ii iaio iiaaoathony
aaeeiia?aiaiii a eiioea n?iea, noaaea ii iaoiaeo iaeeaeee aoaeao ?aaia
i?inoie i?ioeaioiie noaaea. A ethaii ae?oaii neo/aa eeeaio oiea/eaaao
aieaa aunieoth ?aaeueioth noaaeo ii e?aaeeoo, iaaeaee noaaea oeacaiiay a
aeiaiai?a.
Aua iaeiei aeaeii aaieianeeo ?eneia, eioi?iio iiaeaa?aeai
AI «Oaii?aaie» yaeyaony aaethoiue ?ene.
Aaethoiue ?ene – yoi ?ene iioa?ue, iaoneiaeaiiue iaaeaaii?eyoiui
eciaiaieai eo?nia eiino?aiiuo aaetho a oiaea inouanoaeaiey naeaeie ii eo
eoiea-i?iaeaaea. Ii aicieeaao oieueei i?e iaee/ee ioe?uoie iiceoeee.
Aaethoiua iia?aoeee AI «Oaii?aaie» iiae?acaeaeytho ia «eanniaua» e
«n?i/iua». ?uiie eanniauo naeaeie o?aaoao iieaou a oa/aiee aeaoo ?aai/eo
aeiae ni aeiy caeeth/aiey eiio?aeoa, iiyoiio iaauiieiaiea iaycaoaeuenoa
iaiaa aa?iyoii. E oaeei naeaeeai ioiinyony: naeaeea NAII, iaa?iaeo. E
n?i/iui naeaeeai ioiinyony: oi?aa?ae, NAII, oueth/a?nu, iioeeiiu.
?ene iaoieaou ii n?i/iui aaethoiui naeaeeai caaeneo io
e?aaeeoiniiniaiinoe eiaanoi?a e n?iea eiio?aeoa. *ai auoa yoio n?ie, oai
auoa aa?iyoiinoue eciaiaiey eo?na e iaoieaou.
N?i/iua eino?oiaiou i?eiaiythony eeeaioaie aaiea, eae iniiaiua iaoiaeu
no?aoiaaiey (oaaeaee?iaaiey) eo aaethoiuo (eee oeiainiauo) ?eneia.
Enneaaeoaiue aaie auioaeaeai i?eiaiyoue yoe eino?oiaiou, eae oneoae
eeeaioai. A oi aea a?aiy ?ene n?i/iuo iia?aoeee aeinoaoi/ii na?ueacai e
aaie, a naith i/a?aaeue, auioaeaeai nai no?aoiaaoue caeeth/aiiua n
eeeaioii n?i/iua naeaeee.
E n?i/iui aeaeai naeaeie ioiinyo oi?aa?aeiua iia?aoeee; NAII; iioeeiiu;
oueth/a?nu.
1) Oi?aa?aeiie naeaeeie iacuaaaony oaeay naeaeea, i?e eioi?ie eo?n
onoaiaaeeaaaony a ianoiyuai, a iaiai aaethoaie i?ienoiaeeo a aoaeouai.
Oa?aeoa?enoeee: iaiai aaethoaie (?an/ao) i?iecieaeao ia ?aiueoa /ai
/a?ac 2 ?aai/eo aeiy iinea caeeth/aiey eiio?aeoa,
aoaeouee aaethoiue eo?n oae aea oeene?oaony i?e caeeth/aiee naeaeee,
n?ie ieaoaaea oeene?oaony a eiio?aeoa,
ia anoaao aii?in i eeeaeaeiinoe aei ianooieaiey n?iea ieaoaaea.
Anee eiaaony ?aaeueiay aiciiaeiinoue aicieeiiaaiey aaethoiiai ?enea a
aoaeouai, ii iie?uaaaony oi?aa?aeiie naeaeeie.
AI «Oaii?aaie» ioe?uaaao oi?aa?aeioth iiceoeeth a neo/aa, anee eeeaio
i?iaeaao eee iieoiaao eiino?aiioth aaethoo ii oi?aa?aeo, o.a. n iaiaiii
aaetho ia aoaeouoth caoeene?iaaiioth aeaoo, a oaeaea, anee nai aaie
i?iaeaao eee iieoiaao eiino?aiioth aaethoo ii oi?aa?aeo a oeaeyo
ecaea/aiey i?eauee. Iaeiaei caeanue i?enoonoaoao ?ene eciaiaiey oeai,
eioi?ue iiaeao i?eaanoe e oauoeai aaiea.
2) Naeaeea NAII icia/aao iaiai iaeiie aaethou ia ae?oaoth ia
ii?aaeaeaiiue ia?eiae a?aiaie. I?aaenoaaeyao niaie eiiaeiaoeeth eanniaie
iia?aoeee – NIIO e n?i/iie – oi?aa?ae. Iaa naeaeee caeeth/athony a iaeii
e oiaea a?aiy n iaeiei e oai aea ia?oia?ii. NAII eniieuecoaony
AI «Oaii?aaie» eae n?aaenoai eneeth/aiey ?enea i?ioeaioiuo noaaie, a
oaeaea, eae n?aaenoai eneeth/aiey ?enea eieaaaiey aaethoiuo eo?nia.
3) Iioeeii – yoi niaeaoaiea iaaeaeo iieoiaoaeai e i?iaeaaoeii, eioi?ia
i?aaenoaaeyao iieoiaoaeth i?aai (ii ia iaycaoaeuenoai) iieoiaoue aaethoo
o i?iaeaaoea iioeeiia eee aea i?iaeaaaoue aa.
Iioeeii yaeyaony iaeiei ec aa?eaioia iieiiai iie?uoey aaethoiuo ?eneia.
Aai iiaeii eniieueciaaoue eae no?aoiaeo, eniieuecoy i?e iaaeaaii?eyoiuo
aeaeaeaieyo eo?na. Ii n?aaiaieth n oi?aa?aeii, iioeeii aeaao eo/ooth
caueoo io aiciiaeiuo ?eneia, iioiio /oi iieoiaoaeue iioeeiia inoaaeyao
ca niaie i?aai auai?a inouanoaeaiey eee iainouanoaeaiey naeaeee.
4) Oueth/a?niua eiio?aeou caeeth/athony ia niaoeeaeueiuo ae?aeao e, a
ioee/ea io oi?aa?aeiiai eiio?aeoa, oueth/a?n ia i?aaeoniao?eaaao
?aaeueioth iieoieo/i?iaeaaeo aaethou. Iiceoeey ii oueth/a?no
eeeaeaee?oaony n iiiiuueth ano?a/iuo eiio?aeoia. ?ene ii oueth/a?nai
ieieiece?oaony ca n/ao aiciiaeiinoe iie?uoue iaycaoaeuenoai ii ia?aiio
oueth/a?niiio eiio?aeoo iooai inouanoaeaiey ano?a/iie ia?aoiie naeaeee.
Nouiinoue iniiaiuo iaoiaeia niioiaiai e n?i/iiai no?aoiaaiey naiaeeony e
oiio, /oiau inouanoaeoue aaethoii-iaiaiiua iia?aoeee aei oiai, eae
i?iecieaeao iaaeaaii?eyoiia eciaiaiea eo?na, eeai eiiiaine?iaaoue oauoee
io iiaeiaiiai eciaiaiey ca n/ao ia?aeeaeueiuo naeaeie n aaethoie, eo?n
eioi?ie eciaiyaony a i?ioeaiiieiaeiii iai?aaeaiee.
Oaeei ia?acii, i?iaeaiu oi?aaeaiey oeiainiauie aeoeaaie
AI «Oaii?aaie» naiaeyony e oiio, /oi aeayoaeueiinoue aaiea nii?yaeaia n
iiiai/eneaiiuie ?eneaie, a oae eae aaiee i?ecaaiu ieeoeaoai?youe
iaaeaaeiinoue e aaciianiinoue, iiyoiio oi?aaeaiea ?eneii yaeyaony iaeiie
ec eeth/aauo ooieoeee no?aoaae/aneiai iai?aaeaiey aaieii. Ianiio?y ia
oi, /oi oa?iei “?ene” oiio?aaeyaony i/aiue /anoi, naii iiiyoea ?enea
iiiaia?aiii e aai iiaeii eioa?i?aoe?iaaoue ii-?aciiio. A iaeaieaa
oe?ieii niunea ?eneii iacuaaaony iaii?aaeaeaiiinoue oiai eee eii¬ai
niauoey a aoaeouai. *oi eanaaony ii?aaeaeaiey aaieianeiai ?enea, oi ia
iao acaeyae iii aoaeao neaaeothuei: aaieianeea ?enee – yoi ?enee,
eioi?ua iiaoo aicieeiooue a ?acoeueoaoa i?aaeinoaaeaiey aaieianeeo oneoa
e ieioiai ia¬iaaeaeiaioa.
A ninoaaa aaieianeeo ?eneia, eioi?ui iiaeaa?aeai AI «Oaii?aaie»
auaeaeaiu e?aaeeoiue, aaethoiue e i?ioeaioiue ?enee, a /anoiinoe
ioia/aii, /oi:
1) a iaeanoe e?aaeeoiaaiey, io?eoeaoaeueiui iiiaioii yaeyaony, oi, /oi
iaee/ea eioeyoeee, a oaeaea iaaeaiea iaiaiiiai eo?na oaiaa/aeieea? NOA
ca ?anniao?eaaaiue ia?eiae iiaoo cia/eoaeueii iiieceoue iieoiaoaeueneoth
noieiinoue iaania/aiey. I?e nieaeaiee ni?ina e iieoiaoaeueneie
niiniaiinoe eeeaeaeiue caeia ia aeaiue auaea/e iiaeao ieacaoueny iaei
eeeaeaeiui, eeai aiana ia eeeaeaeiui ia aeaiue aai ?aaeecaoeee. A AI
«Oaii?aaie» ea/anoai ii?ooaey iaaeinoaoi/ii ii i?e/eia ieeiai ?acia?a e
aa?iyoiiai nieaeaiey iio?aaeoaeueneie noieiinoe iaania/aiey auaeaiiuo
e?aaeeoia; noieiinoue caeiaiaiai eiouanoaa aeieaeia ia iaiaa /ai a aeaia
ia?ae?uaaoue ?acia? e?aaeeoa, iniaaiii ii iaoaeiaeaoai?eoaeueiui e
i?in?i/aiiui nnoaeai;
2) *enoue aeioiae, iieo/aiiue io iia?aoeee n eiino?aiiie aaethoie a
AI «Oaii?aaie», nieceeny ia 739 880 ouny/ oaiaa (a 2005 aiaeo aeaiiue
iieacaoaeue ninoaaeye 184 544 ouny/e oaiaa, a a 2006 aiaeo ninoaaee 924
424 ouny/e oaiaa). Oaii i?e?inoa ninoaaee 400,92 %. Oaaee/aiea i?e?inoa
io iia?aoeee n eiino?aiiie aaethoie a 2006 aiaeo ii n?aaiaieth n 2005
aiaeii io?aaeaao iai?a?uaioth ioiineoaeueioth noaaeeueiinoue oaiaa ii
ioiioaieth e eo?no iaiaia a 2005-2006 aiaeao e eciaiaieyo a eo?niaie
noieiinoe aeieea?a NOA e aa?i ;
3) AI «Oaii?aaie» iaiaoiaeeii e a aeaeueiaeoai oaeaeyoue i?enoaeueiia
aieiaiea oi?aaeaieth i?ioeaioiui ?eneii, oae eae eaii?e?iaaiea ei iiaeao
iaaaoeaii aicaeaenoaiaaoue ia aeioiaeu e noieiinoue aeoeaia, ianneaia e
eaieoaea. Cia/eoaeueiua eieaaaiey i?ioeaioiuo noaaie a iineaaeiea aiaeu
nouanoaaiii iaiyee o?iaie ecaea?aeae, i?eauee e noieiinoue aeoeaia
aaiea.
3.2 Niaa?oainoaiaaiea oi?aaeaiey aeoeaaie eiiia?/aneiai aaiea
Aeaaiay caaea/a oi?aaeaiey aaieianeeie ?eneaie ninoieo a oii, /oiau
i?aaeeueii ioeaieaaoue aiciiaeiinoue ?enea i?e i?iaaaeaiee oie eee eiie
iia?aoeee e naanoe aai aei ieieiaeueiiai o?iaiy. Aeaiiay ?aaioa
iinoiyiii o?aaoao niaa?oainoaiaaiey, a nayce n yoei a oeaeyo
niaa?oainoaiaaiey e yooaeoeaiie ?aaeecaoeee no?aoaaee aaiea a iaeanoe
e?aaeeoiaaiey e oi?aaeaiey e?aaeeoiuie ?eneaie a AI «Oaii?aaie»
i?aaeeaaaai, ii i?eia?o AI «Ia?iaeiue aaie Eacaonoaia», ?ac?aaioaoue
Iieiaeaiea «I aioo?aiiae e?aaeeoiie iieeoeee AI «Oaii?aaie» aeey
aeaeueiaeoaai niaa?oainoaiaaiey e?aaeeoiiai i?ioeanna iooai aeinoeaeaiey
iaeneiecaoeee aeioiaeiinoe e ieieiecaoeee ?eneia», a eioi?ii oeacaoue
ia?aie/aiey ii ii?ooaeth e?aaeeoia (oaaeeoea 5).
Aaethoiua ?enee iau/ii oi?aaeythony a aaieao ?acee/iuie iaoiaeaie.
Oae, iai?eia?, i/aiue a ie?iaie e ioa/anoaaiiie aaieianeie i?aeoeea
?ani?ino?aiaiu neaaeothuea aeaeu eeieoia:
– eeieou ia eiino?aiiua ainoaea?noaa (onoaiaaeeaaaony iaeneiaeueii
aiciiaeiua noiiu aeey iia?aoeee a oa/aiee aeiy n eeeaioaie e
eiio?ia?oia?aie a noiia ec eaaeaeie eiie?aoiie no?aiu);
Ia?aui oaaii e ieieiecaoeee aaethoiuo ?eneia aioo?e no?oeoo?u
AI «Oaii?aaie» iiaeao yaeoueny onoaiiaeaiea eeieoia ia aaethoiua
iia?aoeee.
Oaaeeoea 5 – I?aaeeaaaaiua ia?aie/aiey ii e?aaeeoiiio ii?ooaeth AI
«Oaii?aaie»
?ene ia iaeiiai caaiueea:
– aeey eeoe, naycaiiuo n aaieii iniauie ioiioaieyie ia aieaa 15 %
– aeey i?i/eo caaiueeia ia aieaa 25 %
Iauay noii ?eneia ii caaiueeai, naycaiiui n aaieii iniauie ioiioaieyie
ia aieaa 100 %
Iaeiiio oeiainiaiio einoeoooo ia aieaa 25 %
I?aaei?eyoeyi e ei?ii?aoeeyi iaeiie io?anee ia aieaa 125 %
Naycaiiui io?aneyi i?iiuoeaiiinoe e iauae noiia ii?ooaey e?aaeeoia.
Ii n?ieai e?aaeeoiaaiey:
– aeieain?i/iua e?aaeeou (n?ieii aieaa 3-o eao) ia aieaa 10 %
– n?aaeian?i/iua e?aaeeou (n?ieii io 1 aiaea aei 3-o eao ) ia aieaa 50 %
– e?aoein?i/iua e?aaeeou (n?ieii aei 1 aiaea ) ia iaiaa 40 %
Ii ea/anoao e?aaeeoiiai ii?ooaey:
– o?iaaiue i?in?i/aiiuo e?aaeeoia ia aieaa 10 %
– o?iaaiue i?iaeaiiuo e?aaeeoia ia aieaa 18 %
– ioiioaiea noiiu noi?ie?iaaiiuo i?iaecee e iauaio nnoaeiiio ii?ooaeth
ia aieaa 8 %
Ii e?aaeeoiui ?eneai:
– e?aaeeoiua aeiaeaiey a iaeio iaeanoue ia aieaa 40 %
– e?aaeeoiua aeiaeaiey a iaeio io?aneue ia aieaa 25 %
– a?oiia i?aaei?eyoee ( naycaiiuo caaiueeia ) ia aieaa 20 %
– eeieou ia iia?aoeee n eiio?ia?oia?aie e eeeaioaie (onoaiaaeeaaaony
iaeneiaeueii aiciiaeiay noiia aeey iia?aoeee ia eaaeaeiai eiio?ia?oia?a,
eeeaioa eee aeaeu eeeaioia);
– eeieo eino?oiaioa?ey (onoaiiaeaiea ia?aie/aiee ii eniieuecoaiui
eino?oiaioai e aaethoai n ii?aaeaeaieai nienea aiciiaeiuo e oi?aiaea
aaetho e eino?oiaioia oi?aiaee);
– onoaiiaeaiea eeieoia ia eaaeaeue aeaiue e eaaeaeiai aeeea?a (iau/ii
onoaiaaeeaaaony ?acia? iaeneiaeueii aiciiaeiie ioe?uoie iiceoeee ii
oi?aoaiui eiino?aiiui aaethoai, aiciiaeiue aeey ia?aiina ia neaaeothuee
?aai/ee aeaiue aeey eaaeaeiai eiie?aoiiai aeeea?a e eaaeaeiai
eiie?aoiiai eino?oiaioa);
– eeieo oauoeia (onoaiaaeeaaaony iaeneiaeueii aiciiaeiue ?acia? oauoeia,
iinea aeinoeaeaiey eioi?iai ana ioe?uoua iiceoeee aeieaeiu auoue cae?uou
n oauoeaie). A iaeioi?uo aaieao oaeie eeieo onoaiaaeeaaaony ia eaaeaeue
?aai/ee aeaiue eee ioaeaeueiue ia?eiae (iau/ii iaeei ianyoe), a
iaeioi?uo aaieao ii iiae?acaeaeyaony ia ioaeaeueiua aeaeu eino?oiaioia,
a a iaeioi?uo aaieao iiaeao oaeaea onoaiaaeeaaoueny ia ioaeaeueiuo
aeeea?ia.
E?iia eeieoia a ie?iaie i?aeoeea i?eiaiythony neaaeothuea iaoiaeu
nieaeaiey aaethoiuo ?eneia: acaeiiue ca/ao iieoiee-i?iaeaaee aaethou ii
aeoeao e ianneao, oae iacuaaaiue iaoiae «iyo/eia», aaea n iiiiuueth
au/aoa iinooieaiey aaethou ec aaee/eiu aa iooiea aaie eiaao
aiciiaeiinoue ieacuaaoue aeeyiea ia eo ?acia? e niioaaonoaaiii ia naie
?enee; eniieueciaaiea iaoiaea «iaooeiaa», eioi?ue caeeth/aaony a
iaeneiaeueiii nie?auaiee eiee/anoaa aaethoiuo naeaeie n iiiiuueth eo
oe?oiiaiey. Aeey yoie oeaee aaiee nicaeatho iiae?acaeaeaiey, eioi?ua
eii?aeeie?otho iinooieaiey cayaie ia iieoieo-i?iaeaaeo eiino?aiiie
aaethou; i?eia?aoaiea aeiiieieoaeueiie eioi?iaoeee iooai i?eia?aoaiey
eioi?iaoeeiiiuo i?iaeoeoia niaoeeaeece?iaaiiuo oe?i a ?aaeeia ?aaeueiiai
a?aiaie ioia?aaeathueo aeaeaeaiea aaethoiuo eo?nia e iineaaeithth
eioi?iaoeeth; ouaoaeueiia eco/aiea e aiaeec aaethoiuo ?uieia ia
aaeaaeiaaiie iniiaa.
Io e eiia/ii, aeey ia?aie/aiey aaethoiuo ?eneia i?eiaiyaony
oaaeaee?iaaiea. Oaaeaee?iaaiea – yoi i?ioeann oiaiueoaiey ?enea
aiciiaeiuo iioa?ue. Oe?ia iiaeao i?eiyoue ?aoaiea oaaeaee?iaaoue ana
?enee, ia oaaeaee?iaaoue ie/aai eee oaaeaee?iaaoue /oi-oi auai?i/ii. Iia
oaeaea iiaeao niaeoee?iaaoue, aoaeue oi iniciaii eee iao.
Ionoonoaea oaaeaee?iaaiey iiaeao eiaoue aeaa i?e/eiu: ai-ia?auo, oe?ia
iiaeao ia ciaoue i ?eneao eee aiciiaeiinoyo oiaiueoaiey yoeo ?eneia,
ai-aoi?uo, iia iiaeao n/eoaoue, /oi iaiaiiua eo?nu eee i?ioeaioiua
noaaee aoaeoo inoaaaoueny iaeciaiiuie eee eciaiyoueny a aa iieueco. A
?acoeueoaoa oe?ia aoaeao niaeoee?iaaoue: anee aa iaeeaeaiey ieaaeoony
i?aaeeueiuie, iia auea?aao, anee iao – iia iiianao oauoee.
Oaaeaee?iaaiea anao ?eneia – aaeeinoaaiiue niinia eo iieiinoueth
ecaaaeaoue. Iaeiaei oeiainiaua aee?aeoi?a eiiiaiee ioaeatho
i?aaeii/oaiey auai?i/iiio oaaeaee?iaaieth. Anee iie n/eoatho, /oi eo?nu
aaetho eee i?ioeaioiua noaaee eciaiyony iaaeaaiiieo/ii aeey ieo, oi
oaaeaee?otho ?ene, a anee aeaeaeaiea aoaeao a eo iieueco – inoaaeytho
?ene iaiie?uoui. Yoi e anoue, a nouiinoe, niaeoeyoeey. Eioa?anii
caiaoeoue, /oi i?iaiicenou-i?ioanneiiaeu iau/ii ioeaathony a naieo
ioeaieao, iaeiaei nio?oaeieee oeiainiauo ioaeaeia eiiiaiee, yaeythueany
«ethaeoaeyie», i?iaeieaeatho aa?eoue a naie aea? i?aaeaeaeaiey, eioi?ue
iicaieeo ei naeaeaoue oi/iue i?iaiic. Iaeiei ec iaaeinoaoeia iauaai
oaaeaee?iaaiey (o. a. oiaiueoaiey anao ?eneia) yaeyaony aeiaieueii
nouanoaaiiua noiia?iua cao?aou ia eiienneiiiua e i?aiee iioeeiiia.
Auai?i/iia oaaeaee?iaaiea iiaeii ?anniao?eaaoue eae iaeei ec niiniaia
nieaeaiey iaueo cao?ao.
Ae?oaie niinia – no?aoiaaoue ?enee oieueei iinea oiai, eae eo?nu eee
noaaee eciaieeenue aei ii?aaeaeaiiiai o?iaiy. Iiaeii n/eoaoue, /oi a
eaeie-oi noaiaie eiiiaiey iiaeao auaea?aeaoue iaaeaaii?eyoiua eciaiaiey,
ii eiaaea iie aeinoeaioo aeiionoeiiai i?aaeaea, iiceoeeth neaaeoao
iieiinoueth oaaeaee?iaaoue aeey i?aaeioa?auaiey aeaeueiaeoeo oauoeia.
Oaeie iiaeoiae iicaieyao ecaaaeaoue cao?ao ia no?aoiaaiea ?eneia a
neooaoeeyo, eiaaea iaiaiiua eo?nu eee i?ioeaioiua noaaee inoathony
noaaeeueiuie eee eciaiythony a aeaaii?eyoiii iai?aaeaiee.
?enee, naycaiiua ni naeaeeaie, i?aaeiieaaathuea iaiai aaetho, iiaoo
oi?aaeyoueny n iiiiuueth iieeoeee oeai, aeeth/athuae ii?aaeaeaiea, eae
o?iaiy iacia/aaiuo oeai, oae e aaetho, a eioi?uo au?aaeaaony oeaia.
Oaeaea nouanoaaiiia aeeyiea ia ?ene iiaoo ieacuaaoue n?iee iieo/aiey e
auieaou aeaiaa. E?iia auoaiienaiiuo aeaenoaee ii nieaeaieth
iia?aoeeiiiiai aaethoiiai ?enea oaeaea aeoeaii eniieuecoaony neaaeothuee
i?eai: n/ao- oaeoo?a iieoiaoaeth oiaa?a auienuaaaony oe?iie a aaethoa, a
eioi?ie i?iecaiaeeeanue iieaoa i?e eiii?oa.
Oaeaea AI «Oaii?aaie» iaiaoiaeeii e a aeaeueiaeoai oaeaeyoue
i?enoaeue¬iia aieiaiea oi?aaeaieth i?ioeaioiui ?eneii, oae eae
eaii?e?iaaiea ei iiaeao iaaaoeaii aicaeaenoaiaaoue ia aeioiaeu e
noieiinoue aeoeaia, ianneaia e eaieoaea. A ea/anoaa aeiiieieoaeueiuo
iaoiaeia oi?aaeaiey i?ioeaioiui ?eneii i?aaeeaaaai AI «Oaii?aaie»
eniieueciaaoue no?aoaaee i?aaenoaaeaiiua a oaaeeoea 6.
Iainii?eiia aeinoiyiea aeciana AI «Oaii?aaie» yoi acaeiiauaiaeiia
nio?oaeie/anoai e aeaeiaua ioiioaiey n ia?oia?aie. A yoie nayce, a
oeaeyo iniaue eioa?an i?aaenoaaeyao au?aaioea aaieii ia?eaoeiaiaie
no?aoaaee Oi?aaeaiea Ei?ii?aoeaiiai e eiaanoeoeeiiiiai Aeciana (aeaeaa
OEEA) e no?aoaaey Oi?aaeaiea Iaeui e n?aaeiei aecianii (aeaeaa OINA) ia
2006-2007 aiaeu.
?anniio?ei iniiaiua oeaee aaiea a au?aaioee e iaania/aiey ia?eaoeiaiauo
no?aoaaee OEEA:
1. Aeinoeaiooue nenoaiu aaeeiie oi/ee eiioaeoa aeey anao eeeaioia
ei?ii?aoeaiiai e eiaanoeoeeiiiiai aeciana Aaiea.
2. Auoue n?aaee eeaea?ia ii ea/anoao ianeoaeeaaiey (niaeaoaiey ii
ea/anoao ianeoaeeaaiey (NEI), eiinoeueoaoeee, niaoeeaeenou ii naeoi?ai
yeiiiieee)
3. Iaania/eoue ei?ii?aoeaiuo eeeaioia eioaa?e?iaaiiuie i?iaeoeoaie e
oneoaaie, e eiaeeaeaeoaeueiui ?aoaieai e eo eiaeeaeaeoaeueiui
o?aaiaaieyi.
4. Noaoue i?eciaiiui aaieii ca n/ao i?eaeaeaoaeueiiai a?yiaea aeey
ei?ii?aoeaiiai aeciana, oae, /oiau eeeaiou iiaee ?aeiiaiaeiaaoue ian
ae?oaei.
5. Auoue eeaea?ii ii iiaoanoao i?iaeoeoia e oneoa ia ?uiea
ei?ii?aoeaiiai aeciana.
6. Aeinoe/ue 6 % aeiee aeaiiceoiiai ?uiea e 8 % aeiee ?uiea ii
e?aaeeoiaaieth e 2007 aiaeo.
7. Oaaee/eoue eiee/anoai eeeaioia aieaa /ai a aeaia, n 80 a 2004 aei 200
e 2007 aiaeo.
Oaaeeoea 6 – Niiniau oi?aaeaiey o?iaiai i?ioeaioiiai ?enea
Neooaoeee ?aeiiaiaeaoeee
1. Iaeeaeaaony ?ino aeinoaoi/ii ieceeo i?ioeaioiuo noaaie Oaaee/eoue
n?iee caaiiuo n?aaenoa;
Nie?aoeoue e?aaeeou n oeene?iaaiiie i?ioeaioiie noaaeie;
Nie?aoeoue n?iee eiaanoeoeee;
I?iaeaoue /anoue eiaanoeoeee (a aeaea oeaiiuo aoiaa);
Iieo/eoue aeieain?i/iua caeiu;
Cae?uoue iaeioi?ua ?eneiaua e?aaeeoiua eeiee.
2, I?ioeaioiua noaaee ?anooo, iaeeaeaaony aeinoeaeaiea eo aei iaeneioia
a aeeaeaeoaa aoaeouaa Ia/aoue nie?auaiea caaiiuo n?aaenoa;
Ia/aoue oaeeeiaiea n?ieia eiaanoeoeee;
Ia/aoue iiaeaioiaeo e oaaee/aieth aeiee e?aaeeoia n oeene?iaaiiie
noaaeie;
Iiaeaioiaeoueny e oaaee/aieth aeiee eiaanoeoeee a oeaiiua aoiaae;
?anniio?aoue aiciiaeiinoue aein?i/iiai iiaaoaiey caaeieaeaiiinoe n
oeene?iaaiiie noaaeie;
3. Iaeeaeaaony nieaeaiea aeinoaoi/ii aunieeo i?ioeaioiuo noaaie
Nie?aoeoue n?ie caaiiuo n?aaenoa;
Oaaee/eoue aeieth e?aaeeoia n oeene?iaaiiie noaaeie;
Oaaee/eoue n?iee e ?acia? ii?ooaey eiaanoeoeee;
Ioe?uoue iiaua e?aaeeoiua eeiee.
4. I?ioeaioiua noaaee nieaeathony aeecee e ieieioio
Ia/aoue oaeeeiaiea n?ieia caaiiuo n?aaenoa;
Ia/aoue nie?auaiea n?ieia eiaanoeoeee;
Oaaee/eoue oaeaeueiue aan e?aaeeoia n ieaaathuae noaaeie;
Nie?aoeoue eiaanoeoeee a oeaiiua aoiaae;
Auai?i/ii i?iaeaoue aeoeau n oeene?iaaiiie noaaeie.
?anniio?ei iniiaiua no?aoaae/aneea iai?aaeaiey OEEA
AI «Oaii?aaie» (oaaeeoea 7).
Oaaeeoea 7- Iniiaiua no?aoaae/aneea iai?aaeaiey OEEA AI «Oaii?aaie»
Caaea/e Ecia?eoaee ?acoeueoaou
I. Iiieiaiea eeeaioa, oi?ie?iaaiea ciaiee i eeeaioa
a. Naaiaioaoeey eeeaioa Iieaciinoue eioi?iaoeee ii eeeaioneie aaca,
iieo/aiiie ca n/ao aoaeeoa. Aoaeeo nouanoaothuae eeeaioneie aacu aeey
aeaeueiaeoae ?ac?aaioee naaiaioaoeee. ?uii/iia enneaaeiaaiea aeey
naaiaioaoeee iiauo eeeaioia INA ii naeoi?ai e i?ioeeth ?enea.
II. Niaa?oainoaiaaiea ea/anoaa ianeoaeeaaiey e i?iaeoeoia
a. Eiio?ieue ea/anoaa ianeoaeeaaiey. I?ioeaio aeinoeaeaiey eee
ia?aauiieiaiey oeaeae ea/anoaa ianeoaeeaaiey iiae?acaeaeaieyie.
?ac?aaioea Eiaeaena Aaiea ii ea/anoao ianeoaeeaaiey (NEI), eioi?ue
ia?aniao?eaaaony aaeaaiaeii; aaeaiany/iue iaci? auiieiaiee ii ea/anoao
ianeoaeeaaiey aecian aaeeieoe.
a. ?ac?aaioea iiauo i?iaeoeoia, a o./. iaeaoia i?iaeoeoia. Auiieiaiea
i?iaeaae ii iiaui i?iaeoeoai; yooaeo ia noaiaiue oaeiaeaoai?aiiinoe
eeeaioia ii na?aeno e i?iaeoeoai. Aaeaaiaeiue ieai aeaenoaee ii iiaiio
i?iaeoeoo e iieaa?oaeueiue iaci? yooaeoeaiinoe no?aoaaee iiaiai
i?iaeoeoa.
III. Niaa?oainoaiaaiea aecian i?ioeannia
a. Ei?ii?aoeaiia no?aoaae/aneia ieaie?iaaiea. I?ioeaio auiieiaiey
caaea/ no?aoaae/aneiai ieaia ii ?anienaieth e ii o?aaoaiui noaiaea?oai
Aaeaaiaeiue e iieaa?oaeueiue iaci? auiieiaiey ei?ii?aoeaiie no?aoaaee.
a. Aecian-ieaie?iaaiea aeey iiae?acaeaeaiee e oeeeaeia. I?ioeaio
auiieiaiey caaea/ oeeeaeai no?aoaae/aneiai ieaia ii ?anienaieth e ii
o?aaoaiui noaiaea?oai Aaeaaiaeiue e iieaa?oaeueiue iaci? auiieiaiey
no?aoaaee a oeeeaeao.
a. ?ac?aaioea iaoiaeia i?iaeaae (ia?ae?anoiay i?iaeaaea, up-selling, e
ae?.). Oaaee/aiea “share of wallet ” a iaoeaeaiiuo i?iaeoeoiauo
naaiaioao; yooaeo ia noaiaiue oaeiaeaoai?aiiinoe eeeaioia ii na?aeno e
i?iaeoeoai. Aaeaaiaeiue ieai aeaenoaee ii i?iaeaaeai e iieaa?oaeueiue
iaci? yooaeoeaiinoe no?aoaaee ii i?iaeaaeai.
Iniiaiuie caaea/aie yaeythony:
1) oaaee/aiea nnoaeiiai ii?ooaey aac iioa?e ea/anoaa;
2) oaaee/aiea eiee/anoaa eeeaioia;
3) ?ac?aaioea iiauo e niaa?oainoaiaaiea oaeoueo i?iaeoeoia
A iaeanoe ia?eaoeiaiaie no?aoaaee OIAN AI «Oaii?aaie» iaoeaeaiu ia
aiaeoeeiciuo, i?ia?anneaiuo e aeeiaie/iuo i?aaenoaaeoaeae iaeuo e
n?aaeieo i?aaei?eyoee. I?aaeiieaaaaiua eeeaiou AI «Oaii?aaie» – oa, eoi
i?eeaaaao oneeey ii ?acaeoeth naiaai aeciana io iaeiai i?aaei?eyoey e
n?aaeiaio e, aiciiaeii, a aeaeueiaeoai e e?oiiui, eeaee?othuei
i?aaenoaaeoaeyi a naiae noa?a aeayoaeueiinoe.
Ii no?aoaaee OIAN aaie iaia?ai ?aaiethoeeiiece?iaaoue iiuo ?aaiou n
eeeaioaie INA neaaeothuei ia?acii:
Eiieo?e?iaaoue ia oieueei ii oeaia, ii e ii oeaiiinoe – ea/anoai
ianeoaeeaaiey e ciaiea eeeaioa.
Naeaeaoue INA aaieeia ?acee/iie io eiieo?aioia – Iu aeaeaai iaeue e
n?aaeiee aecian i?inoui.
Oaaee/eoue aiciiaeiinoe ia?ae?anoiuo i?iaeaae eeeaioai INA.
I?e yoii AI «Oaii?aaie» noaaeo ia?aae niaie neaaeothuea oeaee:
1) iaania/eoue aunieia ea/anoai ianeoaeeaaiey, i?ioanneiiaeueiua
eiinoeueoaoeee /a?ac ia?niiaeueiuo iaiaaeaea?ia INA (niaaou (mentoring),
eioi?iaoeeiiiua oneoae e aoaeeo eeeaioia);
2) yooaeoeaiua aecian i?ioeannu – iaiueoa aoiaaeiie ?aaiou, auno?ia
ianeoaeeaaiea;
3) aeinoe/ue 10 % aeiee ?uiea ii e?aaeeoiaaieth e 2007 aiaeo;
4) auoue a ia?aie /aoaa?ea aaieia a iaei e n?aaeiai aeciana ii ea/anoao
ianeoaeeaaiey;
5) auoue eeaea?ii ii i?iaeoeoeaiinoe i?iaeaae (share of wallet);
6) aeinoeaiooue aunieiai o?iaiy eiyeueiinoe o iaoeo eeeaioia n?aaee
iniiaiuo eiieo?aioia;
7) aeinoeaiooue i?aaeeiaeaiey 3-4 i?iaeoeoia ia eeeaioa e 2007 aiaeo.
?uii/iia iiceoeeiie?iaaiea INA i?aaeiieaaaao a ia?eiae n?aaeian?i/iiai
ieaia, aeeooa?aioee?iaaoue AI «Oaii?aaie» a naaiaioa INA caioneay na?eth
i?iaeoeoia e oneoa, i?aaeeaaathueany ia?yaeo n eiinoeueoaoeeyie aeey INA
/a?ac ia?niiaeueiuo iaiaaeaea?ia. Ioa?aeoa?ecoai caioneaaiua i?iaeoeou e
oneoae aaiea:
1. Aoaeeo eeeaioia (Ianeaaeiaaiea oeiainiaiai caei?iauey):
aacaiciacaeiue iaci? oeiainiauo i?iaeoeoia e oneoa eniieuecoaiuo
eeeaioaie n niaianoiie ioeaieie eo niioaaonoaey e iio?aaiinoyi eeeaioa.
Aeaiiay oneoaa iaania/eaaaony ia?niiaeueiuie iaiaaeaea?aie aacaiciacaeii
a oeeeaeao eee ia ianoa auai?a eeeaioa.
Auaiaeu: Ianoaeaeaiea/iaci? enoi?ee aeciana eeeaioa, ia caaeneii io oiai
auee ee iineaaeiea 12 ianyoeaa eo/oa eee ooaea iaeeaeaaiiai ?acoeueoaoa
e iaci? ieaiia eeeaioa INA ia aoaeouee aiae. Aeaiiua iaci? aeeth/aao
ianoaeaeaiey ioaeae eeeaioia ia oeiainiaoth aaciianiinoue e ee/iua
aaieianeea iio?aaiinoe.
Eiay iaci? eeeaioia INA ia?niiaeueiue iaiaaeaea? aoaeao eiaoue aieueoa
(eo/oa) iiieiaiey aeciana eeeaioa e niiaeao eaeaioeoeoee?iaaoue oneoae
aaiea aeey oeo/oaiey aeciana eeeaioa. Eeeaiou oaeaea niiaoo ii?aaeaeeoue
eiie?aoiua oneoae e i?iaeoeou, eioi?ua iiaoo oeo/oeoue oneoae
i?aaeeaaaaiua eeeaioai.
2. Iao/aiea INA (mentoring):
C eciaiaieyie ?aaoee?iaaiey INA, yoi anoanoaaiii, /oi eiiiaiee eaeoe
iiaa a iiao e iiae/eiyoueny caeiiai caiyoinoe, e iaeiaiaui caeiiai.
Eiinoeueoaoeeiiiua oneoae aeey eeeaioia INA a ?aoaiee aii?inia aaaeaiey
aeciana a niioaaonoaee caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaaie n iiiiuueth
i?ioanneiiaeueiuo eiinoeueoaioia eee ii oaeaoiio. Aeey eeeaioia INA yoi
nio?aieo a?aiy e aeaiueae aeey iienea eioi?iaoeee e ?aoaiey aeaiiuo
aii?inia.
Eeeaiou INA Aaiea iieo/atho iaiiaeaiiua iineaaeiea eciaiaiey a
caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaao.
A oiaea ?aaeecaoeee ia?eaoeiaiaie no?aoaaee AI «Oaii?aaie» iaiaoiaeeii
aoaeao ?anniio?aoue i?aaeeiaeaiea eiinoeueoaoeeiiiuo oneoa aeey INA.
«Oaii?aaie» – Eeeieea aeey Iaeiai Aeciana aoaeao yaeyoueny a?yiaeii yoeo
oneoa. Aeaiiua eiinoeueoaoeee iai?aaeaiu ia niaaou ii ioe?uoeth iaeiai
i?aaei?eyoey e iao/aieth iniiaai a oeiainiaii oi?aaeaiee, auai?a
iinoaaueeia, eiii?oa, yenii?oa e o.i.
Oa?aeoa?enoeee e niaea?aeaiea yoeo oneoa:
– Eioi?iaoeey a aeaea iaeaoa aeieoiaioia / eiiiaeo aeenea ii ioe?uoeth
iaeiai i?aaei?eyoey aanieaoii i?aaeinoaaeyaony eeeaioai OINA aianoa n
eiiiuethoa?iie i?ia?aiiie, iicaieythuae ninoaaeoue aecian ieai,
niioaaonoaothuee ii?aaeaeaiiui noaiaea?oai aeey i?eaea/aiey oiiaeia
oeiaine?iaaiey.
– Nienie iiiaioia, ia eioi?ua eeeaiou OINA aeieaeiu ia?aoeoue aieiaiea
i?e auai?a iinoaaueeia.
– Eiinoeueoe?iaaiea ii eiii?oo e yenii?oo: eae inouanoaeoue
iaaeaeoia?iaeioth iieaoo, enneaaeiaaoue iiaua ?uiee, niaaou ii
aeieoiaioaoeee e oaiiaeaiiui i?ioeaaeo?ai.
– Aanieaoiia i?aaeinoaaeaiea aeo?iaea ii iaci?o ?uiea INA anai eeeaioai
OINA.
– Iaci? niauoee ia ?uiea INA, i?aaieciaaiiuo AI «Oaii?aaie»,
ainoaea?noaii eee annioeeaoeeyie a ?acee/iuo eiaeono?eyo.
– Iieaciua eiioaeou aeey eeeaioia OINA, aeeth/ay nnueee ia aae?ana a
Eioa?iaoa.
– Eioi?iaoeey yeiiiie/aneiai niaea?aeaiey, eioi?ay iiaeao iiii/ue
i?aaei?eyoeyi INA a eo ieaie?iaaiee aaaeaiey aeciana.
– Niaaou ii yeaeo?iiiie eiiia?oeee: i?aaeinoaaeyoue eiinoeueoaoeee aeey
i?aaei?eyoee INA ii aaaeaieth aeciana online (a yeaeo?iiiii oi?iaoa).
– Iooaaiaeeoaeue ii eiiiaieyi: i?aaeinoaaeyoue enoi/ieee eioi?iaoeee a
aaeeiie oi/ea eiioaeoa ii iinoaaueeai, eiieo?aioai, iieo/aiiua io oaeeo
aecian-eioi?iaoeeiiiuo aaaionoa eae «Kompass», «Dun & Bradstreet» e
ianoiuo aaaionoa.
I?aaeiieaaaaony, /oi ia?aay iyoa?ea io?aneae yeiiiieee, ia eioi?ua
iaiaoiaeeii naeaeaoue aeoeaio, neaaeothuea:
– Oi?aiaey, ?aiiio aaoiiiaeeae, auoiauo ecaeaeee e i?aaeiaoia ee/iiai
iieueciaaiey;
– Iia?aoeee n iaaeaeaeeiui eiouanoaii, a?aiaea e i?aaeinoaaeaiea oneoa
iio?aaeoaeyi;
– No?ieoaeuenoai;
– I?iiuoeaiiinoue;
– Ia?aaaouaathuay i?iiuoeaiiinoue.
No?aoaaey OINA i?aaeeiaeaiea i?iaeoeoia e oneoa ii naaiaioai
i?aaeiieaaaao e 2007 aiaeo i?eia?ii 7% i?iaeoeoia e oneoa aeey iaeiai e
n?aaeiaai aeciana aoaeao i?iaeaaaoueny /a?ac i?yiie aaieeia (Eioa?iao –
aaieeia e Call – oeaio?u)
A ?ac?aaioea no?aoaaee aeey INA ia o?e aiaea aaieo iaiaoiaeeii ioeaieoue
e ii?aaeaeeoue ioaeii ee ?ac?aaioaoue niaoeeaeueiue eaiae no?aoaaee aeey
oneoa iinea i?iaeaae /a?ac Eioa?iao. Iaci? aeaiiiai eaiaea no?aoaaee
aeieaeai auoue auiieiai a ia?aie iieiaeia 2006 aiaea Oi?aaeaieai Aecian
?acaeoey iin?aaenoaii aoaeeoa nouanoaothuae eeeaioneie aacu INA e
i?iaaaeaieai ?uii/iiai enneaaeiaaiey ii iaeeaeaieyi iioaioeeaeueiuo
eeeaioia io aaiea. Iciaeiieoueny ni no?aoaaeae OINA iiaeii eco/ea
oaaeeoeo 8.
Oaaeeoea 8 – No?aoaaey OINA (I?aaeeiaeaiea i?iaeoeoia e oneoa ii
naaiaioai)
NaaiaiouIaeaou i?iaeoeoia e oneoaEiaeeaeaeoaeueiua i?iaeoeou
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